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Phy Chem Problems

The document provides practice problems for calculating equilibrium constants Kc and Kp. It includes example reactions and concentrations/pressures and asks the reader to: 1) Calculate Kc and Kp values from given concentrations/pressures. 2) Write the Kc and Kp expressions for homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions. 3) Convert between Kc and Kp using the appropriate equations involving temperature and moles of reactants/products. 4) Determine whether a reaction will shift to the products or reactants based on the given concentrations/pressures and the Kc value. 5) Write the chemical reactions that correspond to given Kp expressions.

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Patricia de Leon
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306 views5 pages

Phy Chem Problems

The document provides practice problems for calculating equilibrium constants Kc and Kp. It includes example reactions and concentrations/pressures and asks the reader to: 1) Calculate Kc and Kp values from given concentrations/pressures. 2) Write the Kc and Kp expressions for homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions. 3) Convert between Kc and Kp using the appropriate equations involving temperature and moles of reactants/products. 4) Determine whether a reaction will shift to the products or reactants based on the given concentrations/pressures and the Kc value. 5) Write the chemical reactions that correspond to given Kp expressions.

Uploaded by

Patricia de Leon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Below are practice problems for Kc and Kp:

Kc
1. Gaseous Hydrogen Iodide is placed in a closed container at 425 C, Where it
partially decomposes to Hydrogen and Iodine:
2HI (g) H2 (g) + I2 (g)
The following are given:
[HI] = 3.53 * 10-3 M [H2] = 4.79 * 10-4 M [I2] = 4.79 * 10-4 M
What is the value of Kc at this temperature?
2. Write the Kc for the reaction and state where the reaction is Homogeneous or
Heterogeneous.
a) N2 (g) + O2 (g) 2NO (g)
b) FeO (s) + H2 (g) Fe (s) + H2O (g)
3. Determine values of Kc from the Kp value given: (number 7 from p. 655 in the
textbook)
2NO (g) + O2 (g) 2NO2 (g); Kp = 1.48 * 104 at 184 C

Kp
1. Write the Kp for the reaction and state where the reaction is Homogeneous or
Heterogeneous.
a) 2C2H4 (g) + 2H2O (g) 2C2H6 (g) + O2 (g)
b) Ti (s) + 2Cl2 (g) TiCl4 (g)
2. Determine values of Kp from the Kc value given: (number 8 from p. 655 in the
textbook)
2H2S (g) + CH4 (g) 4H2 (g) + CS2 (g); Kc = 5.27 * 10-8 at 973 K.
3. The two common chlorides of Phosphorus, PCl 3 and PCl5, both important in the
production of other phosphorous compounds, coexist in equilibrium through: (number
17 from p. 655 in the textbook)
PCl3 (g) + Cl2 (g) PCl5 (g)
At 250 C, an equilibrium mixture in a 2.50 L flask contains 0.105 g PCl5, 0.220 g PCl3,
and 2.12 g Cl2. What are the values of (a) Kc and (b) Kp for this reaction?

Answers
Kc
1. 2HI (g) H2 (g) + I2 (g)
[HI] = 3.53 * 10-3 M [H2] = 4.79 * 10-4 M [I2] = 4.79 * 10-4 M
Kc = [H2][I2][HI]2[H2][I2][HI]2
Kc = [4.79104M][4.79104M][3.53103M]2[4.79104M][4.79104M]
[3.53103M]2
Kc = [2.29441107]M2[1.24609105]M2[2.29441107]M2[1.24609105]M2
Kc = 1.841 * 10-2
2.

a) N2 (g) + O2 (g) 2NO (g)

Kc = [NO]2[N2][O2][NO]2[N2][O2]
The reaction is a homogeneous reaction because the reactants/products all have the
same phase.
b) FeO (s) + H2 (g) Fe (s) + H2O (g)
Kc = [H2O][H2][H2O][H2], FeO and Fe are solids so they are no included in equilibrium
constants.
The reaction is a heterogeneous reaction because the reactants/products have different
phases.
3. Converting to Kc from Kp (number 7 from p. 655 in the textbook)
2NO (g) + O2 (g) 2NO2 (g)
Kp = 1.48 * 104 at 184 C
We know that Kp = Kc (RT)nn, we are given Kp but not Kc, you can rearrange the
equation to: Kc=Kp(RT)nKc=Kp(RT)n
Which can also be written as: Kc = Kp (RT)-nn
Now that we have your formula, we need to convert 184 C to Kelvin, K = 184 + 273 =
457K
Kc = [NO2]2[NO]2[O2][NO2]2[NO]2[O2]

-nn = (total number of moles of products) - (total number of moles in reactants)


-nn = (2) - (3) = -1

nn = -(-1)
R = 0.08206 LiterAtmMoleKelvinLiterAtmMoleKelvin
Now, plug in all the numbers we found: Kc = Kp (RT)-nn
Kc = (1.48 * 104)[(0.08206)(457K)]-(-1)
Kc = 5.5 * 105
[it would be the same if you used this equation: K c = Kp (RT)]

Kp
1. a) 2C2H4 (g) + 2H2O (g) 2C2H6 (g) + O2 (g)
Kp = \(\dfrac{[C_{2}H_{6}]^{2}[O_{2}]}{[C_{2}H_{4}]^{2}[H_{2}O]^{2}}\)
The reaction is a homogeneous reaction because the reactants/products all have the
same phase.
b) Ti (s) + 2Cl2 (g) TiCl4 (g)
Kp = [TiCl4][Cl2]2[TiCl4][Cl2]2, Ti is a solid so it is not included in equilibrium constants.
The reaction is a heterogeneous reaction because the reactants/products have different
phases.
2. Find Kp, when Kc is given: (number 8 from p. 655 in the textbook)
2H2S (g) + CH4 (g) 4H2 (g) + CS2 (g)
Kc = 5.27 * 10-8 at 973 K.
Kp = Kc (RT)nn, since Temperature is already converted to Kelvin and R =
0.08206 LiterAtmMoleKelvinLiterAtmMoleKelvin
We need to find Delta n: Kp = \(\dfrac{[H_{2}]^{4}[CS_{2}]}{[H_{2}S]^{2}[CH_{4}O]}\)

nn = (total number of moles of products) - (total number of moles in reactants)


nn = (5) - (3) = 2
We can plug in our numbers: Kp = (5.27 * 10-8)[(0.08206)(973)]2
Kp = 3.6 * 10-4
3. The two common chlorides of Phosphorus, PCl 3 and PCl5, both important in the
production of other phosphorous compounds, coexist in equilibrium through: (number
17 from p. 655 in the textbook)

PCl3 (g) + Cl2 (g) PCl5 (g)


At 250 C, an equilibrium mixture in a 2.50 L flask contains 0.105 g PCl5, 0.220 g PCl3,
and 2.12 g Cl2. What are the values of:
(a) Kc
[We need to convert grams to Molarity (mol/L), so we multiply grams with the molar
mass and divide by Liters.]
PCl5 = 0.105g2.50L0.105g2.50L 1mol137.3g1mol137.3g (Molar Mass) = 2.0173 *
10-4 M
PCl3 = 0.220g2.50L0.220g2.50L 1mol137.3g1mol137.3g (Molar Mass) = 6.4093 *
10-4 M
Cl2 = 2.12g2.50L2.12g2.50L 1mol70.9g1mol70.9g (Molar Mass) = 0.0119605

Kc=[PCl5][Cl2][PCl3]Kc=[PCl5][Cl2][PCl3]
Kc=[2.0173104][0.0119605][6.4093104]Kc=[2.0173104][0.0119605]
[6.4093104]
Kc = 26.32
(b) Kp
Kp = Kc (RT)nn
We need to find: nn and K, R = 0.08206 LatmmolKLatmmolK
K = 250 C + 273 = 523 K

nn = (1) - (2) = -1
Kp = (26.32) [(0.08206 )(523)](-1)
Kp = 0.6133

Practice Problems
1. Write the equilibrium constant expression for each reaction.
a.

2SO2(g)+O2(g)2SO3(g)2SO2(g)+O2(g)2SO3(g)

b.

N2O(g)+12O2(g)2NO(g)N2O(g)+12O2(g)2NO(g)

c.

Cu(s)+2Ag+(aq)Cu+2(aq)+2Ag(s)Cu(s)+2Ag(aq)+Cu(aq)+2+2Ag(s)

d.

CaCO3(g)CaCO(s)+CO2(g)CaCO3(g)CaCO(s)+CO2(g)

2NaHCO3(s)Na2CO3(s)+CO2(g)+H2O(g)2NaHCO3(s)Na2CO3(s)
+CO2(g)+H2O(g)
2. What is the KcKc of the following reaction?
2SO2(g)+O2(g)2SO3(g)2SO2(g)+O2(g)2SO3(g)
e.

with
concentration SO2(g)=0.2MO2(g)=0.5MSO3(g)=0.7MSO2(g)=0.2MO2(g)=0.5MS
O3(g)=0.7M Also, What is the KpKp of this reaction? At room temperature?
3. For the same reaction, the differing concentrations:

SO2(g)=0.1MO2(g)=0.3MSO3(g)=0.5MSO2(g)=0.1MO2(g)=0.3MSO3(g)=0.5M
Would this go towards to product or reactant?
4. Write the Partial Pressure Equilibrium:

C(s)+O2(g)CO2(g)C(s)+O2(g)CO2(g)
5. Write the chemicl reaction for the following equilibrium constant:

Kp=P2HIPH2PI2Kp=PHI2PH2PI2

Answers to Practice Problems


1. Kc=[SO3]2[O2][SO2]2Kc=[SO3]2[O2][SO2]2
2. Kc=[NO]2[O2]0.5[N2O]Kc=[NO]2[O2]0.5[N2O]
3. Kc=[Cu+2][Ag+]2Kc=[Cu+2][Ag+]2
4. Kc=[CO2][CaCO3]Kc=[CO2][CaCO3]
5. Kc=[H2O][CO2]Kc=[H2O][CO2]
What is KcKc for the Reaction
1) Kc: 24.5
Kp: 1.002 Atm
2) Qc= 83.33 > Kc therefore the reaction shifts to the left
1. Kp=PCO2PO2Kp=PCO2PO2
2. H2(g)+I2(g)2HI(g)H2(g)+I2(g)2HI(g)

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