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    ASNT MT Level III Notes

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    Charles
    This document contains notes from an ASNT Level III training on magnetic particle testing techniques. It discusses key concepts such as magnetic field types, factors that influence magnetic particle indications, advantages and disadvantages of different magnetizing methods, and other technical details important for nondestructive testing using magnetic particles. The notes are spread across 6 pages and cover topics like permeability, discontinuities, equipment, safety considerations, and detecting various defect types.

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    ASNT MT Level III Notes

    Uploaded by

    Charles
    2K views6 pages
    This document contains notes from an ASNT Level III training on magnetic particle testing techniques. It discusses key concepts such as magnetic field types, factors that influence magnetic particle indications, advantages and disadvantages of different magnetizing methods, and other technical details important for nondestructive testing using magnetic particles. The notes are spread across 6 pages and cover topics like permeability, discontinuities, equipment, safety considerations, and detecting various defect types.

    Original Description:

    American Society of Nondestructive Testing Magnetic Particle Level III Notes.

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    This document contains notes from an ASNT Level III training on magnetic particle testing techniques. It discusses key concepts such as magnetic field types, factors that influence magnetic particle indications, advantages and disadvantages of different magnetizing methods, and other technical details important for nondestructive testing using magnetic particles. The notes are spread across 6 pages and cover topics like permeability, discontinuities, equipment, safety considerations, and detecting various defect types.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial No-Derivs (BY-NC-ND)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    2K views6 pages

    ASNT MT Level III Notes

    Uploaded by

    Charles
    This document contains notes from an ASNT Level III training on magnetic particle testing techniques. It discusses key concepts such as magnetic field types, factors that influence magnetic particle indications, advantages and disadvantages of different magnetizing methods, and other technical details important for nondestructive testing using magnetic particles. The notes are spread across 6 pages and cover topics like permeability, discontinuities, equipment, safety considerations, and detecting various defect types.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial No-Derivs (BY-NC-ND)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 6

    MT Level III Notes

    MT Level III Notes


    By: Charles Hansen ASNT Level III
    MT Wave Forms

    Charles Hansen ASNT Level III

    Page 1|6

    MT Level III Notes

    Field Strength and Distribution in Symmetrical Objects

    Charles Hansen ASNT Level III

    Page 2|6

    MT Level III Notes

    Charles Hansen ASNT Level III

    Page 3|6

    MT Level III Notes


    Impedance: Term used to refer to the total opposition to flow of current
    represented by the combined effect of resistance, inductance and capacitance of a
    circuit.
    Magnetic Lines: Lines of force that form a path around a crack in a ring magnet
    Earth field is weak, how weak? 0.3 gauss
    Demagnetization is required: the object is to be electric arc welded, could
    interfere with instruments in service, or could attract chips or particles in
    service
    Particle sizes for wet method testing ranges from: 1 to 25 micrometer
    When magnetic material reaches its curie temperature, the material becomes:
    paramagnetic
    Which type of radiation can most damage human tissue? UV-B
    Best technique for testing a large flat area? Prods
    = Permeability = B/H
    B = Flux Density measured in Gauss (SI Units measured in Tesla)
    H = Magnetizing force measured in Oersted
    Most common wattage of mercury vapor bulbs for fluorescent MT exams = 100 watts
    Longitudinal field = amp turns (L/D), Yoke, Coil around part
    Circular field= Prods, central conductor, head shot, passing current directly
    through part
    Parallel magnetization= should be avoided (field is established in a part when it
    is placed next to a conductor carrying current.)
    Multidirectional Magnetization: Useful when orientation of discontinuities are
    unknown (Proper Sequence) Magnetize, apply particles, shut off current, and
    inspect.
    Vector field= produced by simultaneously imposing two magnetizing forces in two
    directions where one is stronger than the other upon a magnetizeable article.
    N*I = 45,000
    L/D

    N= number of turns
    I= current (amps)

    Advantage to demagnetize a part: Position East-West


    Centistokes: unit of viscosity
    Settling test: check concentration of particle for wet method
    Calibrate MT Machine- Use shunt with calibrated ammeter
    Ammeter: determine amperage being used
    Fill Factor= 10% or 10:1
    Gauss= 1 line of flux per square centimeter
    = Flux Density

    Charles Hansen ASNT Level III

    Page 4|6

    MT Level III Notes


    Discontinuity= interruption or break in the normal physical structure
    Indication= accumulation of particles
    Plated parts can be reliably tested = 0.1mm (0.0004 in) thick
    Retentivity or Remanent: retain magnetic field
    Permeability: ease with which it can be magnetized
    Inductance: The magnetism produced in a ferromagnetic body by some outside
    magnetizing force.
    Forging defects- laps, burst
    Casting defects- shrinkage, gas, misruns, cold laps, sand inclusion, hot tears
    Best Subsurface: Dry continuous HWDC with Prods (Deepest Penetration)
    Best Surface and Subsurface: HW Rectified AC with Dry Particles (Most effective)
    (Greatest Particle Mobility)
    Best Surface: Wet Fluorescent Continuous AC (Shallowest Penetration)

    Easier to demagnetize: Longitudinal fields


    Harder to demagnetize: Circular fields
    Skin affect: AC
    Resistance to demagnetization: Greater in hard materials than soft materials
    When a magnetic field is at 90 to the defect, it will cause an abrupt change in
    the permeability of the part.
    Magnetic domains: submicroscopic regions inside material
    Medium: refers to particles that have the ability to be strongly attracted to
    leakage fields.
    **Permeability of Materials**
    Diamagnetic: less than 1.0
    Paramagnetic: 1.0 or slightly more
    Ferromagnetic: many many times more than 1.0
    MT particles need to have: High permeability / Low Retentivity
    Human vision range is: 380nm to 770nm (violet to red)
    Nm = nanometer - billionth of a meter
    Black light = 365nm, outside of humans range
    Fluorescent particles absorb 365nm (3650 angstroms) and release at 550nm (5500
    angstroms) (Yellow/Green)
    100 ft candles- Visible light for visible MT
    Magnetic particle building from a discontinuity is strongest when the
    discontinuity is orientated: 90 degrees to the magnetic flux flow.

    Charles Hansen ASNT Level III

    Page 5|6

    MT Level III Notes


    Strongest magnetic field in a coil is at the: inside edge
    Field meter: equipment used to determine if a part has been demagnetized. They
    read a maximum of 10 to 20G or 10 to 20 MT. (The positive corresponds to the
    North pole on one end of the part, and the negative to the South pole on the
    other end of the part.
    Circular field is easiest to detect, but hardest to demagnetize
    Longitudinal field is easier to demagnetize
    Flux Indicator: small device, generally a metal strap or disk, containing
    artificial discontinuity used to determine when the correct magnetizing condition
    or magnetic field direction has been achieved.
    Fill Factor: is given by 2 /2
    Wet ferromagnetic particles have lower permeability and higher Retentivity
    compared to dry powder.
    Advantages of Magnetic Rubber: 1. Replica of the geometry is created. 2. A record
    is created. 3. The indication can be viewed under a microscope.
    Magnetic Rubber Inspection takes a long time because: curing the magnetizing
    rubber solution.
    Typical amperage output for mobile equipment is 1.5Ka to 4000 amperes.
    Hall Effect probe: detects field strength because the field strength creates a
    voltage difference between two sides of the sensor in proportion to the field
    strength.
    Quick Break: shuts off current at its maximum causing the collapsing magnetic
    field to produce eddy currents that compensate for decreased flux density at the
    ends of a part.
    Cobalt glass filter provides peak transmission of what wavelength? 3650 angstroms
    or 365nm
    Advantages of batteries for MT: can be operated using low current line chargers.
    Ketos Ring Test: provides information about particle concentration, magnetic
    properties of the particles, and the functioning of the magnetizing machine.
    Hall Effect probe sensitivity is increased using a ferrite ring because? Of
    increased permeability and higher B value.
    You should wear UV absorption eyewear while performing fluorescent MT, because if
    light shines in your eye, a cloudy sensation may occur do to liquid in the eye
    ball fluoresce.
    Depth to width of a crack for detection.

    Have seen 1:1 and 1:5.

    Stringer: most likely subsurface discontinuity detectable by MT


    Porosity: most difficult to detect by MT.
    Contact pads used during a head shot are necessary to? reduce arcing and current
    density through contact area.
    Longer shots are required with magnetic rubber due to? Higher Viscosity

    Charles Hansen ASNT Level III

    Page 6|6

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