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Observations/Results:: Lab #4a: A Digital Monitor

This document summarizes several lab experiments with digital circuits and logic gates: 1. Lab 4 describes a digital monitor circuit that uses an LED to indicate the state of an input - if the input is high (logic 1), the LED is on, and if the input is low (logic 0), the LED is off. This circuit can be used to monitor the state of any point in a digital circuit. 2. Lab 6 examines an AND gate circuit - the LED output is only on if both inputs are high; otherwise, the output is off. 3. Lab 7 examines an OR gate circuit - the LED output is on if either or both inputs are high; it is only off if both inputs

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130 views14 pages

Observations/Results:: Lab #4a: A Digital Monitor

This document summarizes several lab experiments with digital circuits and logic gates: 1. Lab 4 describes a digital monitor circuit that uses an LED to indicate the state of an input - if the input is high (logic 1), the LED is on, and if the input is low (logic 0), the LED is off. This circuit can be used to monitor the state of any point in a digital circuit. 2. Lab 6 examines an AND gate circuit - the LED output is only on if both inputs are high; otherwise, the output is off. 3. Lab 7 examines an OR gate circuit - the LED output is on if either or both inputs are high; it is only off if both inputs

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Lab #4a: A Digital Monitor

Observations/Results:

Input:
High (Logic 1)
Low (Logic 0)

LED
On
Off

Discussion:
1.Describle how the state of the input affects the LED.
If the input wire is connected to the ground bus the LED does not light up. This is because there
is now another path for the electrons to flow through that is shorter and does not require the them
to work at a load. Whereas, if the input wire is connected to the ground bus the LED lights up.
This is because although there is another path for the electrons to flow it would not take them to
the correct place. The electrons must flow from the positive side to the negative side but the
input wire connects back to the positive side, meaning, the electrons will not flow through that
path.
2.Discuss how this circuit could be used to monitor the state of any point in a digital circuit.
If you had two circuits and wanted to monitor the parts of one of them you could use this circuit.
When the input wire is connected to another circuit, if you touch any part of the original circuit
the other light bulb should light up. This can help test which part of a circuit may be broken
because if the LED on the other circuit does not light up when the input wire is touching a
specific part, then that means that part of the original circuit is broken.
Conclusion:
Therefore, if the input wire is connected to the 5 volt bus (logic 1) then the circuit is on, whereas
if it is connected to the ground bus (logic 0) then the circuit is off.

Lab 4b: A digital monitor


Observations/Results:

Input
High (Logic 1)
Low (Logic 0)

LED
On
Off

Discussion:
1. Describe how the state of the input affects the LED
The state of the input affects the LED because when it is high or at logic 1 the LED lights
up. However, when the input wire is low or at logic 0 the LED does not light up.
2. Discuss how this circuit could be used to monitor the state of any point in a digital circuit
This circuit could be used to monitor the state of any point in a digital circuit because if
you attach it to another circuit it will display whether the that circuit is at logic 1 or 0.
The LED lights up when the circuit is at logic 1 and is off when the circuit is at logic 0. If
the LED lit up you would know that the circuit is at logic 1 and that it is working.
Conclusion: Therefore, if the input wire is connected to the 5 volt bus then the circuit is on,
whereas if it is connected to the ground bus then the circuit is off.

Lab 5: 7 Segment Display


Observations:
Pin #
1
2
3
6
7
8
9
10
11
13
14

LED Segment on
A
F
Do not Connect
Decimal point bottom/left
E
D
Decimal point top/right
C
G
B
Do not connect
Pin #1: Segment A

Pin #2: Segment F


Pin #6: Segment decimal point
bottom/left

Pin #7: Segment E

Pin #8: Segment D

Pin #9: Decimal point top/right

Pin #10: Segment C

Pin #11: Segment G

Pin #13:Segment B

Lab 6: AND Gates


Observations:

Input A
High (1)
High (1)
Low (1)
Low (1)

Input B
High (1)
Low (0)
High (1)
Low (0)

Output (LED On or Off)


On
Off
Off
Off

Discussion:
1. Describe the input states (voltages) required to obtain an output at 5 volts (LED-on)
The input state must both be at high in order for the output to be at 5 volts. This is
because the integrated circuit is an AND gate. Meaning, both input A and B must be at
high in order for the LED to light up.
2. Describe the input states (voltages) required to obtain an output at 0 volts (LED-off)
3. One of the two input states would have to be at low or logic 0 in order for the output to be
off. This is because the integrated chip is an AND gate which means that if the input is at
High (1) and Low (0) or Low (0) and Low (0) then the LED will remain off.
Conclusion: Therefore, if one of the inputs is at low or logic 0 than the output will be off.

Lab 7: OR Gates
Observations/Results:

Input A
Input B
Output (LED on or off)
High (1)
High (1)
On
High (1)
Low (0)
On
Low (0)
High (1)
On
Low (0)
Low (0)
Off
Discussion:
1. Describe the input states (voltages) required to obtain an output at 5 volts (LED-on)
This lab uses OR gates, so in order for the output to be at 5 volts (LED-on) one of the inputs
must be at logic 1 or high. This is displayed by the observations that show that as long as one
of the inputs in connected to logic 1 then the LED will turn on.
2. Describe the input states (voltages) required to obtain an output at 0 volts (LED-off)
In order for the output to be at 0 volts (LED-off) both inputs must be connected to logic 0 or
low. This is displayed in the observations that show that even if one input it connected to low
the LED will still light up. This is because this is a OR gate, so it is high or low, as long as
one input wire is connected to logic 1 the LED will turn on meaning both must be logic 0.
Conclusion: Therefore, if one of the two inputs is high than the output will be on.

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