1

SRI / Calculus / Double Integrals

DOUBLE INTEGRALS

DEFINITION
If f is defied on a closed, bounded region R in the xy-plane, then the double integral of
over R is given by

f ( x, y ) dA = lim

A 0

f ( x , y ) A
i =1

provided the limits exits. If the limit exists, then f is integrable over R.

VOLUME OF A SOLID REGION

If f is integrable over a plane region R and f ( x, y) 0 for all (x, y) in R, then the volume
of the solid region that lies above R and below the graph of f is defined as
V = f ( x, y ) dA
R

PROPERTIES OF DOUBLE INTEGRALS

Let f and g be continuous over a closed, bounded plane region, R, and let c be a constant.
1.

cf ( x, y )dA = c f ( x, y )dA
R

2.

[ f ( x, y ) g ( x, y )] dA = f ( x, y )dA g ( x, y )dA
R

3.

f ( x, y)dA 0 , if

f ( x, y) 0

4.

f ( x, y )dA
R

5.

g ( x, y )dA if

f ( x, y) g ( x, y)

f ( x, y)dA = f ( x, y)dA + f ( x, y)dA

R

R1

R2

where R is the union of two non overlapping sub regions R1 and R2 .

SRI / Calculus / Double Integrals

AREA OF REGION

When the integrand of double integrals is 1, it can be interpreted as area of region,

Area of R = 1 dA = dA
R

where R denoted the region and dA = dx dy or dA = dy dx for two dimensional

Cartesan coordinate x and y.

VOLUME

When the integrand of double integrals is z = f ( x, y) , it can be interpreted as

volume,
Volume = f ( x, y ) dA
R

where R usually denoted the projection region on two dimensional Cartesan

coordinate x and y, hence dA = dx dy or dA = dy dx .

ITERATED INTEGRALS

Theorem
Suppose that f (x, y) is continuous on the rectangle R = [a, b] [c, d ] . Then
b
d

=
f
(
x
,
y
)
dA
R
a c f ( x, y) dy dx
d
b

= f ( x, y ) dx dy
c a

Means
1st hold x constant and integrate with respect to y, from y = c to y = d
The result of this integration is the partial integral of f with respect to y, denoted
by

f ( x, y )dy

And it is a function of x alone.

Then integrate this latter function with respect to x from x = a to x = b .

SRI / Calculus / Double Integrals

Example 1
Compute the iterated integral for the function f ( x, y ) = 4 x 3 + 6 xy 2 on the rectangle

R = [1, 3] [2, 1] .
Solution
1st method :
1

3
3
1

y3
3
2
(
4
x
6
xy
)
dy
dx
+
4
x
y
6
x
dx
=
+

1 2
1
3

y = 2

= 4 x 3 y + 2 xy 3

1
y = 2

dx

= [(4 x 3 + 2 x) (8 x 3 16 x)] dx
1

= (12 x 3 + 18 x) dx
1

= 3x 4 + 9 x 2

3
1

= 312
2nd method :
3

2
1
x4
3 3

2
2 x
+
(
4
x
6
xy
)
dx
dy
4
6
y
=
+

dy
2 1
2 4
2

x =1

[x

+ 3x 2 y 2

3
x =1

dy

= [ (81 + 27 y 2 ) (1 + 3 y 2 )] dy
2

(80 + 24 y 2 ) dy

= 80 y + 8 y 3

1
2

= 80 + 8 (160 64)
= 312

SRI / Calculus / Double Integrals

Example 2
3

Evaluate

(1 + 8xy) dy dx .
0 1

Solution
2

y2
(
1
+
8
xy
)
dy
dx
y
8
x
=
+
dx
x=0 y=1
0
2
y =1
3

[ y + 4 xy ]
2

2
y =1

dx

= [(2 + 16 x) (1 + 4 x)] dx
0

= (1 + 12 x) dx
0

= x + 6x2

3
0

= 3 + 6(9) 0
= 57

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Example 3
/2

Evaluate

cos x cos y dy dx .

Solution

/2

/2

cos x cos y dy dx = [ cos x sin y ] y =0 dx

0

= [ cos x sin( / 2) cos x sin(0) ] dx

0

= [ cos x(1) cos x(0) ] dx

0

= cos x dx
0

= [ sin x ]

= sin( ) sin(0)
=0

SRI / Calculus / Double Integrals

Example 4

Evaluate

/2

(e y + sin x) dx dy .

Solution
1

/2

(e + sin x) dx dy =

[ xe

cos x

/2

dy

x =0

= e y 0 (0 1) dy
0 2

= e y + 1 dy
0 2

= e y + y
2
0
1

e +1

0 3.6991

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Example 5

Evaluate the double integral

x dA over the rectangle

R = {( x, y) : 3 x 2, 0 y 1} .
Solution

Choose one from the iterated integrals

2

y 2 x dy dx or
0

y 2 x dx dy
3

Using the first of these,

2

2
y x dA =

2
3

y 2 x dy dx
0

1 3
3 y x

dx
y =0

x
= 0 dx
3 3

x2
=
6 3
=

5
6

SRI / Calculus / Double Integrals

Example 6

Evaluate

(1 12 x 2 12 y 2 ) dA where R is the region given by 0 x 1 , 0 y 1 .

Solution
2
2
(1 12 x 12 y ) dA =

(1 12 x 2 12 y 2 ) dy dx

[y

1
2

x 2 y 16 y 3

1
y =0

dx

= (1 12 x 2 16 0) dx
0

= ( 56 12 x 2 ) dx
0

5
x3
= x
6 0
6
=

2
3

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Example 7

Use a double integral to find the volume of the solid that is bounded above by the plane
z = 4 x y and below by the rectangle R = {( x, y) : 0 x 1, 0 y 2} .
Solution
V = (4 x y ) dA
R
2 1

(4 x y ) dx dy

0
1

x2
= 4 x xy dy
2
0
x =0
2

2
1

= 4 y dy
2
0

2
7

= y dy
02

7
y2
= y
2
2
0
= 720
= 5 unit 3

SRI / Calculus / Double Integrals

DOUBLE INTEGRALS OVER RECTANGULAR AND NONRECTANGULAR

REGIONS

Fubinis Theorem
Let f be continuous on a plane region R.
1.
A type I region is R that defined by a x b and g1 ( x ) y g 2 ( x ) , where
g1 and g 2 are continuous on [a, b], then

f ( x, y ) dA =

b
a

g 2 ( x)

f ( x, y ) dy dx
g1 ( x )

y
y = g 2 (x)

y = g 1 (x)
a

2.

Type I
A type II region is R that defined by c y d and h1 ( y ) x h2 ( y ) ,
where h1 and h2 are continuous on [a, b], then
d

h2 ( y )

h1 ( y )

f ( x, y ) dA =
R

f ( x, y ) dx dy

y
d
x = h 1 (y)
x = h 2 (y)

Type II

Since f(x, y) is nonnegative, the double integral can be interpreted as the

volume of the solid S that is bounded above by the surface z = f ( x, y) and
below by region R.

g 2 ( x)

f ( x, y ) dy and
g1 ( x )

h2 ( y )

f ( x, y ) dx represent the area under the graph

h1 ( y )

of these functions.
b

g2 ( x)

f ( x, y ) dy dx and
g1 ( x )

the solid S.

h2 ( y )

h1 ( y )

f ( x, y ) dx dy represent the volume of

SRI / Calculus / Double Integrals

SETTING UP LIMITS OF INTEGRATION FOR EVALUATING DOUBLE

INTEGRALS

Step 1

Draw a line through the region R

Type I
:
vertical line
Type II
:
horizontal line

Type I
y

Type II
y

y = g 2 (x)

d
x = h 2 (y)

y = g 1 (x)
a

Step 2

x = h 1 (y)
a

Imagine moving the line drawn

Type I
:
left right
Type II
:
up down

Type I

Type II

y
y = g 2 (x)

d
x = h 2 (y)

y = g 1 (x)
a

Step 3

c
b

Determine the integral interval

x = h 1 (y)
a

SRI / Calculus / Double Integrals

Example 1

Use a double integral to find the area of the region R enclosed between the parabola
y = 12 x 2 and the line y = 2 x .
Solution
Area = dA
R
4

=
=
=

0
4

dy dx

y= 2 x

x2 / 2

[y]

0
4

2x

2x
y= x2 / 2

1x2
y= _
2

dx

x2
2 x dx
2

x3
= x2
6

0
=

16
unit 2
3

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Example 2
2

Evaluate

y 2 x dy dx .

x2

Solution
2

x2

y3
y x dy dx =
0 3
2

dx
y = x2

2
x3
( x 2 )3
= x
3
0 3
2
x4 x7
= dx
3
0 3

x 5 x8
=
15 24

32 256

0
15 24
128
=
15
=

x dx

10

SRI / Calculus / Double Integrals

Example 3

Evaluate

cos y

x sin y dx dy .

Solution

cos y

x2
x sin y dx dy = sin y
0 2

cos y

dy
x =0

= cos 2 y sin y 0 dy
02

1
= cos 2 y sin y dy
0 2

1 2
du
=
u sin y
sin y
0 2

1 2
u du
2

1
= cos3
6
=

Integration by
substitution

u = cos y

du
= sin y
dy

1
3

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Example 4

Evaluate

xy dA

over the region R enclosed between y = x / 2, y = x , x = 2 and

x = 4.

Solution

xy dA =
R

4
2

xy dy dx

x/2
x

xy 2
dx
=

2 2
y=x / 2
4

1 4
[ x( x ) 2 x( x / 2) 2 ] dx

2 2
1 4
x3
= x 2 dx
2 2
4

1 x3 x 4
=
2 3 16
=

11
6

11

SRI / Calculus / Double Integrals

Example 5

Find the volume of the prism whose base is the triangle in the xy-plane bounded by x-axis
and the lines y = x and x = 1 and whose top lies in the plane z = 3 x y .
Solution

V =

(3 x y ) dy dx

0
x

y2
dx
= 3 y xy
2 y =0
0
1

x2
= 3 x x 2
0 dx
2
0

3x 2
= 3 x
2
0
1

dx

3x 2 x 3
=

2
2
0
= 1 unit 3

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Example 6

sin x
dA where R is the triangle in the xy-plane bounded by the x-axis, the
x
R
line y = x and the line x = 1 .

Calculate

Solution

1 x
sin x
sin x
dA =
dy dx
x
x
0 0

sin x
=
0 x
1

dx
y =0

sin x

=
( x) 0 dx
0 x

= sin x dx
0

= [ cos x ] 0
1

= cos(1) + 1
0.46

12

SRI / Calculus / Double Integrals

Example 7

Find the volume of the prism whose base is the triangle in the xy-plane bounded by x-axis
and the lines y = x , and x = 2 and whose top lies in the plane z = 6 x y .
Solution

1st method :

V =

(6 x y ) dy dx

y2
= 6 y xy
dx
2 y =0
0
2

x2
= 6 x x 2 0 dx
2
0

3x 2
dx
= 6 x
2
0
2

6 x 2 x3
=

2 0
2
= 3(22 )

23
0
2

= 8 unit 3

2nd method :

V =

(6 x y ) dx dy

x= y
2

x2
dy
= 6 x xy
2
0
x= y
2

y2
22
= 12 2 y 6 y +
+ y 2 dy
2
2
0

3y2
dy
= 10 8 y +
2
0
2

y3
= 10 y 4 y 2 +
2 0

= 10(2) 4(2 2 ) +
= 8 unit 3

23
0
2

13

SRI / Calculus / Double Integrals

Example 8

Sketch the region of integration for the integral

2

2x

x2

(4 x + 2) dy dx .

Solution

1st method :
2

2x

x2

2x

y = x2

(4 x + 2) dy dx = [4 xy + 2 y ]

dx
y

= (8 x 2 + 4 x 4 x 3 2 x 2 ) dx

y= 2 x

= (4 x + 6 x 2 4 x 3 ) dx

(2, 4)
y =x 2

= 2x 2 + 2x3 x 4

= 8 + 16 16
=8

2nd method :

y = x2

x=

y = 2x

y
x=
2

y
y/2

y
y= 2 x
4

( 4 x + 2) dx dy = 2 x + 2 x
2

y =x 2

y
x= y / 2

dy

y2
= 2 y + 2 y
y dy
2
0

y2
= 2 y + y dy
2
0
4

4
y 2 y3
= ( y )3 / 2 +

2
6 0
3
32
64
+8
3
6
=8
=

(2, 4)

14

SRI / Calculus / Double Integrals

Example 9

Use double integral to find the volume of the tetrahedron bounded by the coordinate
planes and the plane z = 4 4 x 2 y .
Solution

1st method :

22 x

V =

1
0
1

(4 4 x 2 y ) dy dx

= 4 y 4 xy y 2

22 x

dx

y =0

= [4(2 2 x) 4 x(2 2 x) (2 2 x) 2 ] dx

= [4 x 2 8 x + 4] dx

4x 3

=
4 x 2 + 4 x
3
0
=

4
unit 3
3

y=2 _2x

2nd method :
V =

2
0

1 y / 2

(4 4 x 2 y ) dx dy

[ 4x 2 x

1 y / 2

2 xy

x =0

dy

2
2
y
y
y

= 41 21 2 y 1 dy
2 2
0
2

y2
= 4 2 y 2 + 2 y
2 y + y 2 dy
2
0

2
2

y
= 2 2 y + dy
2
0
2

y3
= 2 y y 2 +
6 0

4
unit 3
3

y
y
x=1 _ _
2

15

SRI / Calculus / Double Integrals

Example 10

Evaluate

(2 x y

) dA over the triangular region R enclosed between the lines

y = 1 x, y = x + 1 and y = 3 .
Solution

2
(2 x y ) dA =

y 1

(2 x y 2 ) dx dy

1 y

y 1

= [ x 2 xy 2 ] x =1 y dy
1

= [( y 1) 2 ( y 1) y 2 (1 y ) 2 + (1 y ) y 2 ] dy
1

= [( y 1) 2 (1 y ) 2 2( y 1) y 2 ] dy
1
3

= [ y 2 2 y + 1 1 + 2 y y 2 2 y 3 + 2 y 2 ] dy
1

= [2 y 3 + 2 y 2 ] dy
1

2y3 y4
=

2 1
3
= 22.6667
OR

( 2 x y 2 ) dA =

0
2

1 x

( 2 x y 2 ) dy dx +

2
0

3
x +1

( 2 x y 2 ) dy dx

16

SRI / Calculus / Double Integrals

DOUBLE INTEGRALS IN POLAR COORDINATES

Definition

A simple polar region is a region (in polar coordinates) enclosed between two rays
= and = and two continuous polar curves r = r1 ( ) and r = r2 ( ) , where
and 2
(i)
(ii)
0 r1 ( ) r2 ( )

Theorem
If R is a region of the type shown in figure and if f (r , ) is continuous on R, then

f ( x, y ) dA =

r 2 ( )
r ( )
1

f (r , ) r dr d

r = r2 ( )

R
r = r1 ( )

Called polar double integrals or double integrals in polar coordinate.

Steps

1.

Sketch the region R.

2.

held fixed for the first integration.

3.

Draw a radical line from the origin through the region R at a fixed angle .
This line crosses the boundary of R at most twice.

4.

The innermost point of intersection is on the curve r = r1 ( ) and the

outermost point is the curve r = r2 ( ) . These intersections determine the rlimits of integration.

5.

Imagine rotating a ray along the polar x-axis one revolution counterclockwise about the origin.

6.

The smallest angle at which this ray intersects the region R is = and
the largest angle is = . This yields the -limits of integration.

17

SRI / Calculus / Double Integrals

Common Region :

Graphs

Limits

New Limits

0 xa

0ra

0 y a2 x2

0 ya
a

a2 y2 x 0

0ra

a xa

0ra

0 y a2 x2

a y a

0ra

a2 y2 x 0

3
2

a xa

0ra

a2 x2 y a2 x2

0 2

18

SRI / Calculus / Double Integrals

Converting Double Integrals from Rectangular to Polar Coordinates

Sometimes a double integral that is difficult to evaluate in rectangular coordinates

can be evaluates more easily if convert it to an integral in polar coordinates.

Relation with rectangular coordinates ( x, y)

x = r cos ,

y = r sin
y
tan =
x

r 2 = x2 + y2

So the rectangular and polar integrals are related by equation

f ( x, y) dA = f (r , ) r dr d
appropriat e
limit

where 0 2
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Example 1

In cylindrical coordinates, the equation r 2 + z 2 = a 2 represents a sphere of radius a

centered at the origin. Use a double polar integral to calculate the volume of this sphere.
Solution
y

z= a r
2

a
a
x

y
r=a

Upper hemisphere : z = a 2 r 2

So the volume of sphere = volume hemisphere multiply by 2

V = 2 a 2 r 2 dA
R

where R is the circular region.

19

SRI / Calculus / Double Integrals

Thus,
V = 2 z dA
R

= 2 a 2 r 2 dA
R

= 2
= 2
=
=
=
=

2
0
2
0
2
0
2
0

2
0
2
0

a 2 r 2 r dr d

r =0
a

u r
r =0

du
d
2r

Integration by
substitution

u du d

u = a2 r 2
du
= 2 r
dr

r =0

2 2
2 3/ 2
3 (a r )

d
r =0

2
2 3/ 2
3 (0 a ) d

2 3
0 + 3 a d

= a 3
3
=0
4
= a 3 unit 3
3

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Example 2

Evaluate

sin

dA where R is the region in the first quadrant that is outside the circle

r = 2 and inside the cardioid r = 2(1 + cos ) .

Solution

r = 2(1 + cos )

=0
r=2

20

SRI / Calculus / Double Integrals

sin dA =
R

=
=

/2
0

/2
0

u = 1 + cos
du
= sin
dr

(sin ) r dr d

2 (1+ cos )

r2

sin
2
r =2

1 /2
[2(1 + cos )]2 sin 22 sin d
2 0

= 2
Integration by
substitution

2 (1+ cos )

= 2

/2

[(1 + cos ) 2 sin sin ] d

/2

u 2 sin

/2
du
2 sin d
sin
0
/2

= 2 (1 + cos )3 + cos
3
0

(1 + 0)3
(1 + 1)3
= 2
+ 0
+ 1
3
3

1 8
= 2 + 1
3 3
1 5
= 2 +
3 3
8
=
3

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Example 3

Use a double integral polar integral to find the area enclosed by the three-petaled rose
r = sin 3 .

=0
r = sin 3

21

SRI / Calculus / Double Integrals

Solution

Total area is 3 times the first-quadrant portion.

Thus,

A = 3 dA
R

= 3
= 3

/3

/3
0

sin 3

r dr d

r2

2

sin 3

d
r =0

3 /3
= sin 2 3 d
2 0
3 /3 1
(1 cos 6 ) d
2 0 2

3
sin 6
=
4
6

Trigonometric Identity

/3

cos 2 x = 1 2 sin 2 x

sin 2 x =

0
4 3

1
(1 cos 2 x)
2

unit 2

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Example 4

Find the area of the region bounded above by the spiral r =

between r = 1 and r = 2 .

and below by the x-axis,

3

Solution

A=

/ 3r

1 0
2

/ 3r

= [r ]
1

r d dr

= dr
1 3
2

= r
3 1

unit 2
3

dr

r=

3
1

=0

22

SRI / Calculus / Double Integrals

Example 5

Find the area enclosed by the lemniscates r 2 = 4 cos 2 .

r 2 = 4 cos 2

=0
Solution

Total area is 4 times the first-quadrant portion.

A = 4
= 4
= 2

/4
0

/4
0

/4

4 cos 2

r dr d

0
4 cos 2

r2

2 r =0

4 cos 2 d

/4

sin 2
=8

2 0

= 4 sin sin 0
2

2
= 4 unit

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Example 6

Use polar coordinates to evaluate

1 x 2

( x 2 + y 2 ) 3 / 2 dy dx

Solution

x = r cos , y = r sin

y = 1 x2

So
( x 2 + y 2 ) 3 / 2 = (r 2 cos 2 + r 2 sin 2 ) 3 / 2

= [r 2 (cos 2 + sin 2 )]3 / 2

= [r 2 (1)]3 / 2
= [r 2 ]3 / 2
=r

2 3
2

= r3

23

SRI / Calculus / Double Integrals

Thus,
1 x 2

( x 2 + y 2 ) 3 / 2 dy dx = ( x 2 + y 2 ) 3 / 2 dA
R

=
=

(r 3 ) r dr d

0
1

r 4 dr d

r5
=
0 5

d
r =0

1
(1 0) d
5 0
1
= d
5 0
=

=
5 0
=

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Example 7

Let R be the annular region lying between the two circles x 2 + y 2 = 1 and x 2 + y 2 = 5 .
Evaluate the integral

( x

+ y ) dA .

Solution

x
5

24

SRI / Calculus / Double Integrals

2
( x + y) dA =
R

=
=
=
=

2
0

(r 2 cos 2 + r sin ) r dr d

2
0

(r 3 cos 2 + r 2 sin ) dr d

r4

r3
2
cos + sin
3
4

2
0
2

0
2
0

d
r =1

( 5 )4

( 5 )3
1
1
cos 2 +
sin cos 2 sin d

3
4
3
4

25

( 5 )3
1
1
2
sin cos 2 sin d
cos +
3
4
3
4

5 5 1
2
sin d
6 cos +
3
0

6
5 5 1
= (1 + cos 2 ) +
sin d
3
0 2

Trigonometric Identity
cos 2 x = 2 cos 2 x 1
1
cos 2 x = (1 + cos 2 x)
2

sin 2 5 5 1
= 3 + 3

cos
2
3

0
= 6 + 0

5 5 1
5 5 1
0+
3
3

= 6

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Example 8

Evaluate

x2 + y2

dy dx

where R is the semicircular region bounded by the x-axis and the curve y = 1 x 2 .
Solution

25

SRI / Calculus / Double Integrals

x
e

2 + y2

dy dx =

e r r dr d

eu r
0

du
d
2r

1 2
= er
0 2

Integration by
substitution

u = r2
du
= 2r
dr

d
r =0

= (e 1) d
0 2

=
=

1
2

[(e 1) ] = 0

(e 1)

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Example 9

Evaluate

(3 x + 4 y

) dA , where R is the region in the upper half-plane bounded by the

circles x 2 + y 2 = 1 and x 2 + y 2 = 4 .
y

Solution
2
(3x + 4 y ) dA =
R

(3r cos + 4r 2 sin 2 ) r dr d

(3r cos + 4r sin ) dr d

2

= r 3 cos + r 4 sin 2

r =1

= [8 cos + 16 sin 2 cos sin 2 ] d

0

= [7 cos + 15 sin 2 ] d
0

15

= 7 cos + (1 cos 2 ) d
2
0

15
15

= 7 sin + sin 2
2
4

15

Trigonometric Identity
cos 2 x = 1 2 sin 2 x
1
sin 2 x = (1 cos 2 x)
2

26

SRI / Calculus / Double Integrals

SURFACE AREA

Definition
Surface area of the parameter surface S defined by
r r
A( S ) =
dudv

u v
R

Projection on xy-plane
2

A( S ) =
R

z z

+
+ 1 dA
x y

where dA = dx dy or dy dx or r dr d

Projection on xz-plane
2

A( S ) =
R

y
y

+ 1 +
dA
x
z

where dA = dx dz or dz dx or r dr d

Projection on yz-plane
2

A( S ) =
R

x x
+
dA
1 +
y z

where dA = dz dy or dy dz or r dr d
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Example 1

Find the area of the part of the paraboloid z = x 2 + y 2 that lies under the plane z = 9 .
Solution

z
9

D
3
x

27

SRI / Calculus / Double Integrals

z
= 2x
x

z
= 2y
y
2

z z

+
+ 1 dA
x y

A( S ) =
R

= (2 x)2 + (2 y )2 + 1 dA
R

= 4( x 2 + y 2 ) + 1 dA
R

Converting to polar coordinates,

A( S ) =

2
0

=
=
=
=

2
0

1
8
1
8

4r 2 + 1 r dr d

u r
0

1
12

2
0

du
d
8r

Integration by
substitution

u 1 / 2 du d

2
2 3/ 2
3 (1 + 4r )

[ (37) 3 / 2 1] d

0
2

= [ (37) 3 / 2 1]
12
=0
=
=

1
(37 37 1) 2
12

(37 37 1) unit 2
6
37.34 unit 2
117.32 unit 2

d
r =0

u = 4r 2 + 1
du
= 8r
dr

28

SRI / Calculus / Double Integrals

Example 2

Find the surface area of the position of the plane z = 2 x y that lies above the circle
x 2 + y 2 1 in the first quadrant.
Solution
2

A( S ) =
R

z z

+
+ 1 dA

x
y

z
2

= (1) 2 + (1) 2 + 1 dA
R

= 3 dA
R

= 3
= 3
= 3
=

/2
0

/2

1
2

r dr d

1
2

r2

1
r =0

]0

/2

3
unit 2
4

Note that the integral on the right is simply

3 times the area of the region R.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Example 3

Find the surface area of the portion of the hemisphere f ( x, y ) = 25 x 2 y 2 that lies
above the region R bounded by the circle x 2 + y 2 9 .
Solution

z
5

3
x

29

SRI / Calculus / Double Integrals

z
=
x

z
=
y

25 x 2 y 2

y
25 x 2 y 2

z z

+
+ 1 dA
x y

A( S ) =
R

=
R

+ 1 dA

y
+
25 x 2 y 2

25 x 2 y 2

x2
y2
+
+ 1 dA
25 x 2 y 2 25 x 2 y 2

=
R

x 2 + y 2 + 25 x 2 y 2
dA
25 x 2 y 2

=
R

dA

25 x 2 y 2

25 ( x 2 + y 2 )

dA

Converting to polar coordinates,

A( S ) =

=5
=5
=5

2
0
2

r dr d
25 r 2
1
du
r
d
u 2r

3
r =0

( 16 + 25 ) d

= 5 [

25 r

]0

= 10 unit 2

Integration by
substitution
u = 25 r 2
du
= 2r
dr

30

SRI / Calculus / Double Integrals

Example 4

Find the surface area of the paraboloid z = 1 + x 2 + y 2 that lies above the unit circle.
Solution

z
= 2x
x

z
= 2y
y

z z

+
+ 1 dA
x y

A( S ) =
R

= (2 x) 2 + (2 y ) 2 + 1 dA
R

= 4( x 2 + y 2 ) + 1 dA

Converting to polar coordinates,

A( S ) =

2
0

=
=
=
=

1
8

4r 2 + 1 r dr d

1
8

u r
0

1
12

2
0

du
d
8r

u du d

u = 4r 2 + 1

2
2 3/ 2
3 (1 + 4r )

[ (5) 3 / 2 1] d

= [ (5) 3 / 2 1]
12

Integration by
substitution

(5 5 1) unit 2

6
5.33 unit 2

d
r =0

du
= 8r
dr

31

SRI / Calculus / Double Integrals

Example 5

Find the area of the cap cut from the hemisphere x 2 + y 2 + z 2 = 2 , z 0 by the cylinder
x2 + y2 = 1
Solution

z
=
x

z
=
y

25 x 2 y 2

A( S ) =
R

=
R

y
+
2 x2 y 2

+ 1 dA

x2
y2
+
+ 1 dA
2 x2 y 2 2 x2 y2

2 x2 y2

25 x 2 y 2

z z

+
+ 1 dA
x y

x2 + y2 + 2 x2 y 2
dA
2 x2 y 2
2

dA

2 x2 y 2
2

2 ( x2 + y2 )

dA

Converting to polar coordinates,

A( S ) =

2
0

= 2

2
2 r2
1
1

0
2

= 2
= 2
= 2

2
0
2

r dr d
r

du
d
2r

2 r2

r =0

( 1 + 2 ) d

2
0

= (2 2 )2 unit 2
3.68 unit 2

Integration by
substitution
u = 2 r2
du
= 2r
dr