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    Pdose Lab 8-15

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    Angelyka Cabalo
    This document provides information on 15 different pharmaceutical preparations including ointments, aromatic waters, solutions, and oral solutions. It describes the ingredients, uses, methods of preparation, and key characteristics for each preparation. The preparations discussed include white ointment, zinc oxide ointment, sulfur ointment, cinnamon water, concentrated peppermint water, calcium hydroxide topical solution, strong iodine solution, and magnesium citrate oral solution. The document explains the different types of ointment bases, methods for preparing aromatic waters and solutions, and factors that influence a preparation's stability.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Pdose Lab 8-15

    Uploaded by

    Angelyka Cabalo
    440 views2 pages
    This document provides information on 15 different pharmaceutical preparations including ointments, aromatic waters, solutions, and oral solutions. It describes the ingredients, uses, methods of preparation, and key characteristics for each preparation. The preparations discussed include white ointment, zinc oxide ointment, sulfur ointment, cinnamon water, concentrated peppermint water, calcium hydroxide topical solution, strong iodine solution, and magnesium citrate oral solution. The document explains the different types of ointment bases, methods for preparing aromatic waters and solutions, and factors that influence a preparation's stability.

    Original Description:

    2A-PH 2016-2017 PharDose (Phar 3) Lab Notes on Prep 8-15

    Original Title

    PDOSE LAB 8-15

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    This document provides information on 15 different pharmaceutical preparations including ointments, aromatic waters, solutions, and oral solutions. It describes the ingredients, uses, methods of preparation, and key characteristics for each preparation. The preparations discussed include white ointment, zinc oxide ointment, sulfur ointment, cinnamon water, concentrated peppermint water, calcium hydroxide topical solution, strong iodine solution, and magnesium citrate oral solution. The document explains the different types of ointment bases, methods for preparing aromatic waters and solutions, and factors that influence a preparation's stability.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    440 views2 pages

    Pdose Lab 8-15

    Uploaded by

    Angelyka Cabalo
    This document provides information on 15 different pharmaceutical preparations including ointments, aromatic waters, solutions, and oral solutions. It describes the ingredients, uses, methods of preparation, and key characteristics for each preparation. The preparations discussed include white ointment, zinc oxide ointment, sulfur ointment, cinnamon water, concentrated peppermint water, calcium hydroxide topical solution, strong iodine solution, and magnesium citrate oral solution. The document explains the different types of ointment bases, methods for preparing aromatic waters and solutions, and factors that influence a preparation's stability.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 2

    ANGELYKA J.

    CABALO
    2A PH
    PDOSE LAB 2016-2017

    Prep 8 WHITE OINTMENT


    Synonyms :
    Unguentum Simplex
    Salve
    Chrisma
    Simple Ointment
    Description :
    white, semi solid preparation that is insoluble in
    water
    Uses :
    emollient physical effect
    protect escape of moisture
    used as a vehicle
    RED LABEL
    OINTMENT JAR
    UNMEDICATED OINTMENT
    OFFICIAL PREP
    FUSION METHOD
    Ointment

    semi-solid prep

    external skin & mucous membranes


    method

    of preparation :
    levigation
    mechanical incorporation by trituration
    slab w/ spatula
    reducing to impalpable powder to reduce
    grittiness
    drug material is levigated by a small quantity of
    vehicle or miscible liquid (propylene glycol, light
    mineral oil)
    concentrate diluted geometrically
    fusion
    makes use of heat
    heat 1st the substance w/ high melting point (wax
    & spermaceti) using water bath before + soft &
    oleaginous material

    types of ointment bases :


    Hydrocarbon bases (oleaginous bases)
    cannot absorb water
    petrolatum modified waxes or liquid petrolatum
    non-water washable
    occlusive
    anhydrous
    insoluble in water
    benzoinated lard, olive oil, cottonseed oil
    Absorption bases
    hydrophilic
    anhydrous or hydrous bases
    ability to absorb ++ water
    hydrophilic petrolatum, wool fat/anhydrous
    lanolin), aquaphor, aquabase, polysorb
    Water-removable bases
    O/W bases
    Water washable bases
    Most commonly used type
    Hydrophilic ointment USP, dermvase, velvachol,
    unibase
    Water-soluble bases
    water washable
    greaseless
    polyethylene glycols, propylene glycol
    ** hydrocarbon base

    Prep 9 ZINC OXIDE OINTMENT


    Synonyms :
    Unguentum Zinci Oxide
    Zinc Oxide
    Description :
    white semi solid preparation
    Uses :
    mild astringent
    protective antiseptic action
    for dry skin/ skin disorders (eczema, pruritis &
    psoriasis)
    MEDICATED OINTMENT
    RED LABEL
    OINTMENT JAR
    OFFICIAL PREP
    LEVIGATION/MECHANICAL INCORPORATION
    Unmedicated ointments
    serve as vehicle for topical application

    used as protective, emollient, lubricant

    Characteristics of ointments :

    homogenous, smooth & free from grittiness

    easily spreadable

    never dispensed w/ slight evidence of rancidity or


    mold
    Containers:

    ointment jar (glass or plastic)

    collapsible tubes (more preferred & less


    contaminated)
    ** mineral oil 0.8498 density
    ** avoid excessive heat

    Prep 10 SULFUR OINTMENT


    Synonyms :
    Unguentum Sulfuris
    Description :
    yellow semi solid preparation
    Uses :
    parasiticide
    treat ringworm & scabies
    MEDICATED OINTMENT
    RED LABEL
    OINTMENT JAR
    OFFICIAL PREP
    LEVIGATION/MECHANICAL INCORPORATION
    ** yellow wax is bleached to become white wax
    ** do not use stainless steel/iron spatula on ointments
    containing free acids, iodine, mercury or tannin

    Prep 11 CINNAMON WATER


    Synonyms :
    Aqua Cinnamon
    Saigon Cassia
    Casionare
    Cassia Oil
    Description :
    clear, colorless cinnamon odor saturated aqueous
    solution
    Uses :
    flavoring
    vehicle
    NON MEDICATED
    UNOFFICIAL PREP
    WHITE LABEL
    30 ML NARROW MOUTH AMBER BOTTLE
    AROMATIC WATER
    DIRECT SOLUTION METHOD
    Aromatic Waters
    clear, aqueous solutions saturated w/ volatile oils
    or other aromatic or volatile substances
    free from empyreumatic (smoke-like) odor
    used as flavored & perfumed vehicle
    methods of preparations

    direct solution method


    repeatedly shaking 2g or 2ml of the volatile
    substance w/ 1000 ml purified water
    set aside for 12 hrs
    filtered then + purified water (made to volume)
    more convenient than distillation

    alternate solution method


    incorporating volatile oil w/ 15 g of talc or purified
    siliceous earth
    purified water (1000ml) is added
    agitated for 10 mins
    filtered

    distillation
    most satisfactory method
    slowest & most expensive
    ex. Strong Rose Water
    cohobation process of repeatedly using the
    distillate ( Orange/Rose flowers)
    its stability :
    not permanently stable
    protect from excessive heat/light
    deterioration due to volatilization
    decomposition or mold growth producing cloudy
    preparation & disagreeable odor
    non-aqueous solution
    hydroalcoholic alcohol (elixir)
    oleaginous oil (oleovitamin)
    ethanol ether (collodion)

    aqueous solution
    water vehicle

    ** talc dispersing agent (increases surface of volatile


    substance ensuring more rapid saturation of water &
    forms of an efficient filter bed)
    ** stored in light resistant bottle
    ** 1 ml = 20 drops

    Prep 12 CONCENTRATED PEPPERMINT WATER


    Synonyms :
    aqua menthos piperitas
    brandy water
    aqua mint
    Description :
    odor of peppermint clear colorless aqueous
    solution
    Uses :
    flavored vehicle
    carminative
    ALTERNATE SOLUTION METHOD
    MEDICATED
    WHITE LABEL
    30 ML AMBER BOTTLE
    UNOFFICIAL PREP
    ** solvents : ethyl alcohol & water

    Prep 13 CALCIUM HYDROXIDE TOPICAL


    SOLUTION
    Synonyms :
    Lime Water
    Description :
    clear colorless solution that is basic
    Uses :
    astringent (dermatological solutions)
    SIMPLE SOLUTION METHOD
    30 ML FLINT BOTTLE
    TOPICAL SOLUTION
    OFFICIAL PREP
    RED LABEL
    Solution
    liquid preparations
    contain one or more chemical subtances dissolved
    in a suitable solvent
    mixture of mutually miscible solvents
    homogenous mixture
    Relative Terms of Solubility
    Descriptive Term
    Very soluble
    Freely soluble
    Soluble
    Sparingly soluble
    Slightly soluble
    Very slightly soluble
    Practically insoluble or
    insoluble

    Parts of solvent required for


    1 part of solute
    <1
    1-10
    10-30
    30-100
    100-1000
    1000-10,000
    > 10,000

    Methods of preparing solutions :

    simple solution
    dissolving the solute in a suitable solvent
    ex. NaCl soln , Strong Iodine soln

    solution by chemical reaction


    reacting two or more solute w/ each other
    Aluminum subacetate soln (AlSO4 + acetic acid) ,
    Magnesium citrate soln (MgCO3 + citric acid) ,
    Sulfurated lime soln (Ca(OH)2 + sublimed sulfur)

    solution by distillation
    - solute = volatile oil

    solution by extraction
    extractives
    vegetable or animal origin
    maceration
    submerging the solute
    no temperature
    percolation
    submerging solute using percolator
    digestion

    gentle aid of heat


    material + solvent heat
    not boiling
    infusion
    blanching
    adding hot water
    decoction
    boil for 15 minutes

    ** slaking adding of water


    CaO + H2O Ca(OH)2
    1:1 proportion
    ** Ca(OH)2 more soluble in cold water ; basic
    ** water universal solvent
    ** filled to the brim no bubbles
    ** 0.07 g CaO to get 0.09g Ca(OH)2
    0.09 g Ca(OH)2 x 1 mol Ca(OH)2 x
    -------------------74 g
    1
    CO2 + Ca(OH)2 CaCO3

    1 x 56 g
    -----1 mol CaO

    (will create ppt)

    Prep 14 STRONG IODINE SOLUTION


    Synonyms :
    Lugols Solution
    Liquor Iodine
    Aqueous Iodine Solution
    Description :
    deep brown color w/ odor of iodine
    Uses :
    Antiseptic
    Fungicidal
    Germicidal
    OFFICIAL PREP
    SIMPLE SOLUTION METHOD
    TOPICAL SOLN
    RED LABEL
    15ML NARROW MOUTH AMBER BOTTLE
    Strong Iodine Solution
    100 ml : 4.5-5.5 iodine & 9.5-10.5 g KI
    1 g of iodine dissolves in 2950 ml of water ( very
    slightly soluble)
    solution of polyiodies in excess iodide
    antigoitrogenic
    usual dose : 0.3 ml 3x a day
    **
    **
    **
    **

    potassium iodide solubilizing agent ( 1st to dissolve )


    porcelain spatula
    iodine = volatile
    tightly closed (cap liner)

    Prep 15 - MAGNESIUM CITRATE ORAL


    SOLUTION
    Synonyms :
    Lemonada Purgante
    Citrate of Magnesia
    Magnessi Citralis
    Description :
    colorless to slightly yellow clear effervescent
    liquid
    sweet, acidous taste & a lemon flavor
    CHEMICAL REACTION METHOD
    STERILIZED WIDE MOUTH FLINT BOTTLE
    ORAL SOLUTION
    SALINE CATHARTIC
    OFFICIAL PREPARATION
    WHITE LABEL
    Magnesium Citrate Oral Soln
    excellent medium for growth of molds
    to remain stable mold spores must be killed
    when added with KHCO3 after shaking popping
    sound
    **
    **
    **
    **
    **
    **
    **

    calibrate a 30 ml mark
    autoclave
    everything wrapped in foil
    anhydrous citric acid (hygroscopic)
    syrup (sweetening agent)
    talc (dispersing/clarifying agent)
    boiled to remove bacteria

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