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Raspberry Pi 2 Headless Setup

This document provides instructions for setting up a Raspberry Pi 2 in a headless configuration without any cables or external displays. The summary is: 1. Download the Raspbian operating system image and write it to an SD card using disk utility software. 2. Configure wireless settings by editing configuration files on the SD card to specify the wireless network and password. 3. Access the Raspberry Pi over SSH using its IP address found through the router administration panel or nmap scanning, and change default passwords for security.

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137 views6 pages

Raspberry Pi 2 Headless Setup

This document provides instructions for setting up a Raspberry Pi 2 in a headless configuration without any cables or external displays. The summary is: 1. Download the Raspbian operating system image and write it to an SD card using disk utility software. 2. Configure wireless settings by editing configuration files on the SD card to specify the wireless network and password. 3. Access the Raspberry Pi over SSH using its IP address found through the router administration panel or nmap scanning, and change default passwords for security.

Uploaded by

MAE
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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self.

linotetoselfandsharewithothers,blogbyPeterLegierski

RaspberryPi2:Basicsetupwithout
anycables(headless)

TodayIwanttoshowyouhowtosetupaheadlessRaspberryPi2withoutanyextracables
(HDMIorethernet),screens,keyboardsetc.Youmighthaveitalllyingaround,butyoumight
aswellbeonthegowithonlyyourlaptopandusbcablepoweringyourRaspberryPi.

YoucanstillfollowthisguideincaseyouconnectyourRPidirectlytotherouter,skipping
step3,whereIsetupwificard.

Illassumeyoualreadyhave:

RaspberryPi2
SDcard(8GB+)
powersource(chargerforyourmobilephonewillusuallydo)
compatibleusbwifiadapter

1.GettingRaspbian

ThefirststepistodownloadRaspbianimagethatwellbeworkingwith.Youcangetitfrom
here
(Imusingversion20151121).Extractit,itshouldbearound3.9GB.

2.WritingittoSDcard

InsteadoftryingtodescribeeverypossiblewayofwritingtheimageontheSDcard,Im
goingtopointyoutoanexcellentresourceonthistopic
elinux.orgarticle
.Onceyouredone
withit,wecanmovetothenextstep.

IpersonallyusetheDisksutilityonUbuntu.Youcanselectyourcardfromthelistontheleft,
chooseRestoreDiskImagefromthecogmenuontheright,andselectyourimgfile.

3.Wifisettings

Macusers:LookslikeyoucantaccessEXT4partitionswithoutfiddlingwith3rdparty
software.TheeasiestwaytogoaboutitistotemporarilyconnectRPitorouterwithethernet
cable,sshin(seebelow)andcontinuesettingthingsupin
/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conftogetthewifirunning.Anotheroptionistocreatea
VirtualBoxVMusingUbuntu,andmounttheimagethere.

DontremoveSDcardfromthereaderonyourcomputer.Weregoingtosetupthewifi
interface,sothatyoucansshintotheboxviawirelessconnection.

Openterminalandedit/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
ontheSDcard
(noton
yourmachine).

Hereshowtoopenitwithnano:

cd/path/to/your/sd/card/
sudonanoetc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf

andaddthefollowingtothebottomofthefile:

network={
ssid="yournetworkssidname"
psk="yournetworkpassword"
}

Youcansavefilewithctrl+xfollowedbyy.

Now,puttheSDcardintotheRPi,plugthewifiinandpoweritup.

4.Testsshaccess

TheeasiestwaytofindyourRaspberryPisIPaddressistocheckyourroutersadmin
panel.InmyTPLINKrouteradminpanelIhavetogotoDHCPandthenDHCPClients
List:

AnotherwaytofindtheIPaddressistousenmaptool.Oneofthefollowingcommands
shoulddisplayRaspberryPisIPaddressifyourIPaddressis192.168.1.XXXor
192.168.0.XXX:

sudonmapsP192.168.1.0/24
sudonmapsP192.168.0.0/24
nmapp22opensV192.168.1.*
nmapp22opensV192.168.0.*

NowthatyouknowyourPisIPaddress,youshouldbeabletosshintoitwith:

sshpi@[piipaddress]

Defaultpasswordforuserpiisraspberry.

5.raspiconfig

Run:

sudoraspiconfig

toexpandfilesystem,changeuserpasswordandsettimezone(ininternationalisation
options).

6.Passwordlesslogin

Itstimetosecureitabit.Logoutexecuting:

exit

andcopyyourpublicsshkeyintoRPiwith:

sshcopyidpi@[piipaddress]

NowyoushouldbeabletosshintoRPiwithoutpassword:

sshpi@[piipaddress]

DonthaveSSHkey?Noproblem.Follow
thisguide
fromGitHubtocreateit.

7.sshdconfiguration

NowthatwecansshintoRPiwithoutpassword,itwouldbeagoodideatodisablepassword
login.

sudonano/etc/ssh/sshd_config

Andchangethefollowingvalues:

#changeittono
PermitRootLoginyes

#uncommentandchangeittono
#PasswordAuthenticationyes

FromnowonyouwillbeabletosshintoyourRPionlywithyourprivateSSHkey.Nice!

8.Update

LetsupdateRPi:

sudoaptgetupdate&&sudoaptgetupgrade

Itmighttakeawhile.

9.Watchdog

Nowweregoingtoinstallwatchdog.ItspurposeistoautomaticallyrestartRPiifitbecomes
unresponsive.

sudoaptgetinstallwatchdog

sudomodprobebcm2708_wdog

sudonano/etc/modules

Andatthebottomadd:

bcm2708_wdog

Nowletsaddwatchdogtostartupapplications:

sudoupdaterc.dwatchdogdefaults

andedititsconfig:

sudonano/etc/watchdog.conf

#uncommentthefollowing:
maxload1
watchdogdevice

Startwatchdogwith:

sudoservicewatchdogstart

10.Firewall

WeregoingtouseUFW(UncomplicatedFireWall)torestrictaccesstoourRPi:

sudoaptgetinstallufw
sudoufwallow22
sudoufwenable

Andwecanseeitsstatuswith:

sudoufwstatusverbose

Asyoucansee,wereacceptingincomingconnectionsonlyonport22.

11.fail2ban

Nowweregoingtoinstallfail2banwhichwillautomaticallybanIPaddressesthatarefailing
togetintoourRPitoomanytimes:

sudoaptgetinstallfail2ban

sudocp/etc/fail2ban/jail.conf/etc/fail2ban/jail.local

Restartfail2ban:

sudoservicefail2banrestart

andcheckcurrentbanswith:

sudoiptablesL

Done!

Thatsit,ourRPiissetupandmuchmoresecure.

PDFdownloadedfrom:
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