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CMF B Strategies

This document discusses common mode feedback circuits (CMFB) which are used in fully differential systems to stabilize the DC output voltage level. There are three main CMFB strategies discussed: switched capacitor CMFBs, differential difference amplifier CMFBs, and resistor averaged CMFBs. Switched capacitor CMFBs can support large voltage swings but require two clocks. Differential difference amplifier CMFBs provide large transconductance but have limited voltage swing range. Resistor averaged CMFBs use resistors to average output voltages and have a wider voltage swing range than differential difference amplifier CMFBs, but the use of large resistors decreases CMFB gain.

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164 views2 pages

CMF B Strategies

This document discusses common mode feedback circuits (CMFB) which are used in fully differential systems to stabilize the DC output voltage level. There are three main CMFB strategies discussed: switched capacitor CMFBs, differential difference amplifier CMFBs, and resistor averaged CMFBs. Switched capacitor CMFBs can support large voltage swings but require two clocks. Differential difference amplifier CMFBs provide large transconductance but have limited voltage swing range. Resistor averaged CMFBs use resistors to average output voltages and have a wider voltage swing range than differential difference amplifier CMFBs, but the use of large resistors decreases CMFB gain.

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Aybüke Çalıkoğlu
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mmhan Aybke alkolu

2016701030

EE631 FINAL PROJECT PRELIMINARY REPORT

COMMON MODE FEEDBACK STRATEGIES


Common-mode feedback circuits(CMFB) are used for fully differential systems to
stabilize their DC output voltage level by arranging the common-mode output current or voltage.
A CMFB circuit senses the DC output voltage (common-mode voltage) while it is insensitive to
the differential mode voltage. A CMFB compares the common-mode voltage with the reference
voltage and feeds back the differential signal to inputs of fully differential circuit.

figure1: General common mode feedback configuration

There are several methods to implement a CMFB circuit. Three of the strategies have
been reported for implementing CMFBs are given below.

Switched capacitor

Differential difference amplier

Resistor averaged circuit


Switched capacitor CMFBs can support large voltage swings however they can only be

used for discrete time systems because they need 2 clocks to work and they inject clock induced
noise into the system.

Differential difference amplifier CMFBs use four identical transistors which are
configured into two differential pair structures to average and compare the DC output voltages of
main amplifier. Differential difference amplifier CMFBs provides large transconductance and
high input resistance however they have limited voltage swing range. Input range can be
improved by sizing of transistors but there is a trade of between the input range of differential
difference amplifier CMFB input and the bias current which means power.
Resistor averaged CMFBs use resistors to average the DC output voltages and second
stage compares this common mode output voltage with the common mode reference voltage.
Also, there are capacitances parallel with the resistors which are used the stabilize the system.
The value of the resistors in this case is a trade-off between the speed and gain. Using resistor
averaged CMFB circuit decreases the error in the common mode output voltage which is caused
by the differential pairs in the differential difference amplifier CMFBs. Moreover, the voltage
swing range in this case wider than differential difference amplifier CMFBs. However, using of
large resistors decreases the CMFB gain.

figure2: Differential difference amplifier CMFB circuit

figure3: Resistor averaged CMFB circuit

References:
Design of Fully Differential Folded Cascode Operational Amplifier by the gm/ID Methodology, N. Bako
A Continuous-Time Common-Mode Feedback Circuit (CMFB) for High-Impedance Current Mode

Application, L Luh
A General Description of Common-Mode Feedback In Fully-Differential Amplifiers, P.M. VanPeteghem
Advanced Common-Mode Control Techniques for Low Voltage Analog Signal Processors, E. S-Sinencio
Indian Institute of Technology - EE539 Lecture Notes: Analog Integrated Circuit Design; Common mode

feedback circuits, N. Krishnapura

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