An Quadrants I and III
An Quadrants I and III
An Quadrants I and III
SNUBBERLESS
TRIAC
LOAD
+ Vcc
LINE
R2
C
R1
R3
Tr
IA
03PHR 160
++
+
2
nd
1/ Principle :
1 st
rd
th
NOT TRIGGERABLE
01PHR160
I - PRINCIPLE :
Figure 2 shows the schematic of a system with a
sensor, logic and positive power supply (with
respect to the anode 1 of the triac).
Figure 2 : Synoptical diagram of a classical
system.
+V cc
LOAD
SUPPLY
LINE
SENSOR
LOGIC
TRIGGER
02PHR160
AN440/0592
1/5
APPLICATION NOTE
The gate pulse is shown in Figure 5 :
2/ Review :
Dfinition of the latching current (IL) :
The IL of a triac is the minimum value of the
main current which allows the component to
remain in the conducting state after the gate
current IG has been removed.
t2
t
IGM/2
IGM
05PHR160
t1 calculation :
The triac has to be triggered when the main
current is higher than the latching current, that is
to say t1min is :
IL max
1
t1 = arcsin
2
IRMS
where = 2 . .
IRMS : minimum RMS current in the worst case
(depending on line and load dispersion).
The curve given shows the minimum time versus
IRMS current through the anode (figure 6).
GATE
CURRENT
20mA/DIV
0.1ms/DIV
04PHR160
2/5
APPLICATION NOTE
All the components can be defined by the
following formulae :
CURRENT
50mA/DIV
GATE
CURRENT
20mA/DIV
0.2ms/DIV
08PHR160
IL
1
t2 min = arcsin
+ 20s
I
RMS
R1max = (VCC-VGK-VCE)/(2.IGT)
Cmin = t2/(R1.log2)
In this way the RMS current is lower than the full
wave current, the RMS current/full wave current
ratio is :
K2 = 1 2 .
t1
T
.sin ( 4
t1
)
T
R2max = 0,001/C
In this way the RMS current is equal to the full
wave current.
3/5
APPLICATION NOTE
3/ Comparison between these two solutions :
in the following table for 3 differents cases
Figure 9 : Component values for 3 differents cases : triac used : BTA08-600CW (IGT = 35 mA)
IRMS = 2 A
VCC = 5 V
IRMS = 5 A
VCC = 10 V
with delay
at zero
crossing
with delay
IRMS = 5 A
VCC = 5 V
at zero
crossing
with delay
at zero
crossing
t1 min (s)
36
91
36
t2 min (s)
20
56
20
111
20
56
R1 max ()
105
105
34
34
34
34
C min (F)
0.275
0.77
0.85
4.7
0.85
2.37
R2 max ()
3.7
1.3
1.18
0.212
1.18
0.42
Line voltage
Anode current
IL
t
t2
IG
td
t1
t
IGT
2IGT
10PHR160
4/5
APPLICATION NOTE
With inductive loads (motor, transformer, etc...) a
pulse train can be used because of the phase
lag between current and voltage.
With small loads (valve, fan,...) a DC gate
current has to be used to drive the triac because
of the latching current.
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the consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its
use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics.
Specifications mentioned in this publication are subject to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information
previously supplied.
SGS-THO MSON Microelectronics products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without
express written approval of SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics.
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