Experiment to Verify
Ohms Law
objective:
TO VERIFY OHM'S LAW
Apparatus:
1. 4 varied value of resistors
2. Power supply
3. Connecting wires
4. Multimeter
THEORY
OHMS LAW
For a conductor at constant temperature, the current in the
conductor is proportional to the potential difference across it.
USES AND APPLICATIONS OF OHMS LAW
Ohms law is used in electrical engineering to calculate the
relationships
between
current,
voltage
and
resistance.
The
calculations are required to design a safe circuit. Ohms law is apply
in our every-day life in electrical things that we use, such as light
bulbs, electric stoves, and others. Ohms law was discovered by a
scientist named Georg Simon Ohm. It published in his paper titled
The Galvanic Circuit Investigated Mathematically in 1827. Ohms
principal discovery was that the amount of electric current through a
metal conductor in a circuit is directly proportional to the voltage
across it, for any given temperature. Ohm expressed his discovery in
the form of a simple equation, describing how voltage, current, and
resistance related to each other:
Hypothesis
V=IR
The experiment setup consists of a simple circuit with a variable
resistance and simple power source, which are 3 batteries (1.5 Volt
each). The diagram beside shows the single circuit that we will use
for this experiment:
We could choose a Voltage range and
then vary the value of the resistance
over
the range. As expected
from
Ohms law, it will be seen the voltage
range and value of the resistance
chosen will be linear and the value of
resistance will be perpendicular to the current.
Experiment
Variables:
Independent: Resistance
Dependent: Current
Controlled: Electromotive force
Procedures:
1. Set up the apparatus to be the circuit as shown in diagram of
hypothesis.
2. Set the value of electromotive force into 3 V.
3. Put the 12-ohm resistor and see the value of current in the
Multimeter.
4. Change the 12-ohm resistor with 82 and 470-ohm resistor
variedly and repeat step 3.
5. Change the value of electromotive force into 6 V.
6. Repeat steps 3 and 4 (use 56-ohm resistor instead of 12-ohm
resistor, because the value of 12-ohm resistor is too small for
6V of electromotive force).
7. Record the data in this table:
OBSERVATIONS AND CALCULATIONS
Current
0.215 A
0.037 A
0.007 A
0.105 A
0.073 A
0.013 A
Analysis
Experiment
Resistance
12 Ohm
82 Ohm
470 Ohm
56 Ohm
82 Ohm
470 Ohm
Voltage
3
3
3
6
6
6
V
V
V
V
V
V
From this experiment, we can see that the values of voltages
depend on how big are the values of resistors. The bigger the values
of resistors, the bigger the values of electromotive force will be
resulted. This shows that the voltage range and resistor value is
linear to each other, while perpendicular with the value of current.
For more clear details, see the table of the experiment data above.
Conclusion
The value voltage range in a circuit will be linear with the value of
resistor chosen, and perpendicular with the value of current
resulted.
