LM340/LM78XX Series 3-Terminal Positive Regulators: General Description
LM340/LM78XX Series 3-Terminal Positive Regulators: General Description
The 5V, 12V, and 15V regulator options are available in the
steel TO-3 power package. The LM340A/LM340/LM78XXC
series is available in the TO-220 plastic power package, and
the LM340-5.0 is available in the SOT-223 package, as well
as the LM340-5.0 and LM340-12 in the surface-mount TO263 package.
Features
n Complete specifications at 1A load
n Output voltage tolerances of 2% at Tj = 25C and 4%
over the temperature range (LM340A)
n Line regulation of 0.01% of VOUT/V of VIN at 1A load
(LM340A)
n Load regulation of 0.3% of VOUT/A (LM340A)
n Internal thermal overload protection
n Internal short-circuit current limit
n Output transistor safe area protection
n P+ Product Enhancement tested
Typical Applications
Fixed Output Regulator
00778102
00778101
*Required if the regulator is located far from the power supply filter.
Current Regulator
00778103
00778138
Scale 1:1
IQ = 1.3 mA over line and load changes.
DS007781
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November 2004
LM340/LM78XX
Ordering Information
Package
Temperature
Range
Part Number
Packaging Marking
Transport Media
NSC
Drawing
3-Lead TO-3
-55C to +125C
LM140K-5.0
LM140K 5.0P+
50 Per Tray
K02A
LM140K-12
LM140K 12P+
50 Per Tray
LM140K-15
LM140K 15P+
50 Per Tray
LM340K-5.0
50 Per Tray
LM340K-12
LM340K 12 7812P+
50 Per Tray
LM340K-15
LM340K 15 7815P+
50 Per Tray
LM340AT-5.0
LM340AT 5.0 P+
45 Units/Rail
LM340T-5.0
LM340T5 7805 P+
45 Units/Rail
LM340T-12
LM340T12 7812 P+
45 Units/Rail
LM340T-15
LM340T15 7815 P+
45 Units/Rail
LM7808CT
LM7808CT
45 Units/Rail
0C to +125C
3-lead TO-220
3-Lead TO-263
0C to +125C
0C to +125C
LM340S-5.0
LM340S-12
LM340ASX-5.0
4-Lead
SOT-223
0C to +125C
Unpackaged
Die
55C to 125C
0C to +125C
45 Units/Rail
500 Units Tape and Reel
LM340AS-5.0 P+
LM340MP-5.0
N00A
LM340MPX-5.0
TS3B
LM340S-12 P+
LM340SX-12
LM340AS-5.0
45 Units/Rail
LM340S-5.0 P+
LM340SX-5.0
T03B
45 Units/Rail
500 Units Tape and Reel
1k Units Tape and Reel
LM140KG-5 MD8
DL069089
LM140KG-12 MD8
DL059093
LM140KG-15 MD8
DL059093
LM340-5.0 MDA
DI074056
LM7808C MDC
DI074056
Connection Diagrams
TO-3 Metal Can Package (K)
00778112
00778111
Bottom View
See Package Number K02A
Top View
See Package Number T03B
3-Lead SOT-223
00778120
00778143
Top View
See Package Number TS3B
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MP04A
Top View
See Package Number MP04A
(Note 5)
DC Input Voltage
Internally Limited
LM140
150C
65C to +150C
2 kV
35V
230C
55C to +125C
LM340A, LM340
0C to +125C
LM7808C
0C to +125C
300C
Output Voltage
5V
12V
15V
10V
19V
23V
Parameter
VO
VO
Output Voltage
Line Regulation
Conditions
TJ = 25C
4.9
PD 15W, 5 mA IO 1A
4.8
IO = 500 mA
VIN
VIN
11.75
5.2
11.5
Min
12 12.25 14.7
12.5
Units
Typ Max
15
14.4
15.3
18
22
10
18
15.6
10
22
mV
V
mV
V
TJ = 25C
10
mV
Over Temperature
12
30
30
mV
(8 VIN 12)
10
12
VIN
Load Regulation
5.1
Typ Max
TJ = 25C
VO
Min
TJ = 25C
5 mA IO 1.5A
250 mA IO 750
mA
Over Temperature,
25
32
12
35
mV
15
19
21
mV
25
60
75
mV
mA
6.5
mA
5 mA IO 1A
IQ
Quiescent
Current
IQ
Quiescent
Current
TJ = 25C
Over Temperature
Change
6.5
5 mA IO 1A
0.5
0.5
mA
TJ = 25C, IO = 1A
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
(8 VIN 25)
40
75
IO = 500 mA
VMIN VIN VMAX
VN
6.5
0.5
mA
V
mA
V
Output Noise
Voltage
Ripple Rejection
68
68
61
(8 VIN 18)
Dropout Voltage
TJ = 25C, IO = 1A
2.0
2.0
2.0
Output
Resistance
f = 1 kHz
18
19
Short-Circuit
Current
TJ = 25C
2.1
1.5
1.2
80
61
72
90
60
70
dB
60
dB
Over Temperature,
RO
(18.5 VIN
28.5)
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LM340/LM78XX
LM340/LM78XX
(Continued)
IOUT = 1A, 0C TJ + 125C (LM340A) unless otherwise specified (Note 4)
Symbol
Output Voltage
5V
12V
15V
10V
19V
23V
Parameter
VIN
Conditions
Min
Typ Max
Min
Units
Typ Max
Peak Output
Current
TJ = 25C
2.4
2.4
2.4
Average TC of
VO
Min, TJ = 0C, IO = 5 mA
0.6
1.5
1.8
mV/C
Input Voltage
TJ = 25C
Required to
Maintain
7.5
14.5
17.5
Line Regulation
(Note 4)
Output Voltage
5V
12V
15V
10V
19V
23V
Parameter
VO
Output Voltage
Conditions
TJ = 25C, 5 mA IO 1A
4.8
PD 15W, 5 mA IO 1A
4.75
Line Regulation
IO = 500 mA
VIN
VIN
TJ = 25C
VIN
TJ = 25C
12
5 mA IO 1.5A
12.5 14.4
15
12.6 14.25
120
V
V
60
75
55C TJ +150C,
50
12
120
150 mV
(17.7 VIN
30)
25
10
150 mV
(18.5 VIN
30)
(8 VIN 12)
250 mA IP 750
mA
150 mV
(17.5 VIN
30)
120
(14.6 VIN 27)
15.6
15.75
(18.5 VIN
30)
120
(15 VIN 27)
50
(7.5 VIN 20)
Units
50
55C TJ +150C
Load Regulation
50
(8 VIN 20)
VIN
VO
11.5
11.4
(7 VIN 25)
55C TJ +150C
IO 1A
5.2
5.25
(8 VIN 20)
TJ = 25C
Min
12
V
mV
V
150 mV
25
60
75
mV
50
120
150 mV
5 mA IO 1A
IQ
IQ
Quiescent Current
IO 1A
TJ = 25C
mA
55C TJ +150C
mA
Quiescent Current
5 mA IO 1A
Change
TJ = 25C, IO 1A
0.8
(8 VIN 20)
0.5
Output Noise
Voltage
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0.5
40
0.8
(15 VIN 27)
0.8
(8 VIN 25)
0.5
0.8
(18.5 VIN
30)
0.8
(15 VIN 30)
75
mA
0.8
mA
V
mA
(18.5 VIN
30)
90
(Note 4) (Continued)
Output Voltage
5V
12V
15V
10V
19V
23V
Parameter
Conditions
Min
IO 1A, TJ = 25C
68
IO 500 mA,
68
61
(8 VIN 18)
Ripple Rejection
80
61
Units
60
70
dB
or
f = 120 Hz
60
dB
55C TJ +150C
RO
VIN
(18.5 VIN
28.5)
Dropout Voltage
TJ = 25C, IO = 1A
2.0
2.0
2.0
Output Resistance
f = 1 kHz
18
19
Short-Circuit
Current
TJ = 25C
2.1
1.5
1.2
Peak Output
Current
TJ = 25C
2.4
2.4
2.4
Average TC of
VOUT
0C TJ +150C, IO = 5 mA
0.6
1.5
1.8
Input Voltage
TJ = 25C, IO 1A
Required to
Maintain
7.5
14.6
mV/C
17.7
Line Regulation
(Note 4)
Output Voltage
5V
12V
15V
10V
19V
23V
Parameter
VO
VO
Output Voltage
Line Regulation
Conditions
TJ = 25C, 5 mA IO 1A
4.8
PD 15W, 5 mA IO 1A
4.75
IO = 500 mA TJ = 25C
VIN
5 mA IO 1A
Change
TJ = 25C, IO 1A
mV
(14.5 VIN
30)
150
120
(14.6 VIN
27)
150
(17.7 VIN 30)
V
mV
V
mV
V
25
60
75
10
12
12
50
120
mV
150
mV
25
60
75
mV
50
120
150
mV
mA
8.5
8.5
8.5
mA
0.5
0.5
1.0
120
(8 VIN 12)
TJ = 25C
Quiescent Current
(14.5 VIN
27)
150
0C TJ +125C
IQ
V
V
5 mA IO 1A, 0C TJ
+125C
IO 1A
15
120
250 mA IO 750 mA
Quiescent Current
15.6
15.75
50
5 mA IO 1.5A
12.5 14.4
12.6 14.25
VIN
IQ
12
50
0C TJ +125C
TJ = 25C
11.5
(8 VIN 20)
TJ = 25C
VIN
Load Regulation
50
(7 VIN 25)
VIN
VO
5.2
5.25 11.4
0C TJ +125C
IO 1A
Units
0.5
1.0
mA
1.0
mA
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LM340/LM78XX
LM340/LM78XX
(Note 4) (Continued)
Output Voltage
5V
12V
15V
10V
19V
23V
Parameter
Conditions
VMIN VIN VMAX
Output Noise
Voltage
IO 1A, TJ =
25C
1.0
1.0
1.0
V
mA
(14.5 VIN
30)
40
75
90
70
dB
62
or IO 500 mA,
(14.8 VIN
27)
(7 VIN 25)
Ripple Rejection
Units
80
55
72
54
62
55
(8 VIN 18)
(18.5 VIN
28.5)
Dropout Voltage
TJ = 25C, IO = 1A
2.0
2.0
2.0
Output Resistance
f = 1 kHz
18
19
2.1
1.5
1.2
Peak Output
Current
2.4
2.4
2.4
0.6
1.5
1.8
f = 120 Hz
54
dB
0C TJ +125C
RO
TJ = 25C
Input Voltage
mV/C
TJ = 25C, IO 1A
Required to
Maintain
7.5
14.6
17.7
Line Regulation
Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings are limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Conditions are conditions under which the device functions
but the specifications might not be guaranteed. For guaranteed specifications and test conditions see the Electrical Characteristics.
Note 2: The maximum allowable power dissipation at any ambient temperature is a function of the maximum junction temperature for operation (TJMAX = 125C or
150C), the junction-to-ambient thermal resistance (JA), and the ambient temperature (TA). PDMAX = (TJMAX TA)/JA. If this dissipation is exceeded, the die
temperature will rise above TJMAX and the electrical specifications do not apply. If the die temperature rises above 150C, the device will go into thermal shutdown.
For the TO-3 package (K, KC), the junction-to-ambient thermal resistance (JA) is 39C/W. When using a heatsink, JA is the sum of the 4C/W junction-to-case
thermal resistance (JC) of the TO-3 package and the case-to-ambient thermal resistance of the heatsink. For the TO-220 package (T), JA is 54C/W and JC is
4C/W. If SOT-223 is used, the junction-to-ambient thermal resistance is 174C/W and can be reduced by a heatsink (see Applications Hints on heatsinking).
If the TO-263 package is used, the thermal resistance can be reduced by increasing the PC board copper area thermally connected to the package: Using 0.5 square
inches of copper area, JA is 50C/W; with 1 square inch of copper area, JAis 37C/W; and with 1.6 or more inches of copper area, JA is 32C/W.
Note 3: ESD rating is based on the human body model, 100 pF discharged through 1.5 k.
Note 4: All characteristics are measured with a 0.22 F capacitor from input to ground and a 0.1 F capacitor from output to ground. All characteristics except noise
voltage and ripple rejection ratio are measured using pulse techniques (tw 10 ms, duty cycle 5%). Output voltage changes due to changes in internal temperature
must be taken into account separately.
Note 5: Military datasheets are available upon request. At the time of printing, the military datasheet specifications for the LM140K-5.0/883, LM140K-12/883, and
LM140K-15/883 complied with the min and max limits for the respective versions of the LM140. The LM140H and LM140K may also be procured as JAN devices
on slash sheet JM38510/107.
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Parameter
Conditions (Note 6)
VO
Output Voltage
TJ = 25C
VO
Line Regulation
TJ = 25C
VO
Load Regulation
TJ = 25C
LM7808C
Units
Min
Typ
7.7
8.0
8.3
10.5V VI 25V
6.0
160
mV
11.0V VI 17V
2.0
80
5.0 mA IO 1.5A
12
160
250 mA IO 750
mA
4.0
80
7.6
Max
VO
Output Voltage
IQ
Quiescent Current
IQ
Quiescent
With Line
11.5V VI 25V
Current Change
With Load
5.0 mA IO 1.0A
0.5
TJ = 25C
4.3
mV
8.4
8.0
mA
1.0
mA
VN
Noise
VI/VO
Ripple Rejection
VDO
Dropout Voltage
IO = 1.0A, TJ = 25C
2.0
RO
Output Resistance
f = 1.0 kHz
16
56
52
72
dB
IOS
TJ = 25C, VI = 35V
0.45
IPK
TJ = 25C
2.2
VO/T
Average Temperature
IO = 5.0 mA
0.8
mV/C
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LM340/LM78XX
LM7808C
Electrical Characteristics
LM340/LM78XX
00778122
00778123
00778124
00778125
Ripple Rejection
Ripple Rejection
00778126
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00778127
LM340/LM78XX
(Continued)
Output Impedance
Dropout Characteristics
00778129
00778128
Quiescent Current
00778131
00778130
Dropout Voltage
Quiescent Current
00778132
00778133
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LM340/LM78XX
Line Regulation
140AK-5.0, VIN = 10V, TA = 25C
Line Regulation
140AK-5.0, IOUT = 1A, TA = 25C
00778106
00778105
Equivalent Schematic
00778107
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10
LM340/LM78XX
Application Hints
The LM340/LM78XX series is designed with thermal protection, output short-circuit protection and output transistor safe
area protection. However, as with any IC regulator, it becomes necessary to take precautions to assure that the
regulator is not inadvertently damaged. The following describes possible misapplications and methods to prevent
damage to the regulator.
SHORTING THE REGULATOR INPUT
When using large capacitors at the output of these regulators, a protection diode connected input to output (Figure 1)
may be required if the input is shorted to ground. Without the
protection diode, an input short will cause the input to rapidly
approach ground potential, while the output remains near
the initial VOUTbecause of the stored charge in the large
output capacitor. The capacitor will then discharge through a
large internal input to output diode and parasitic transistors.
If the energy released by the capacitor is large enough, this
diode, low current metal and the regulator will be destroyed.
The fast diode in Figure 1 will shunt most of the capacitors
discharge current around the regulator. Generally no protection diode is required for values of output capacitance 10
F.
00778108
00778109
00778110
FIGURE 3. Transients
When a value for (HA) is found using the equation shown,
a heatsink must be selected that has a value that is less than
or equal to this number.
(HA) is specified numerically by the heatsink manufacturer
in this catalog, or shown in a curve that plots temperature
rise vs power dissipation for the heatsink.
11
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LM340/LM78XX
Application Hints
(Continued)
00778141
00778139
00778142
00778140
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12
LM340/LM78XX
Typical Applications
Fixed Output Regulator
00778113
Note: Bypass capacitors are recommended for optimum stability and transient response, and should be located as close as possible to the regulator.
00778114
00778115
00778116
13
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LM340/LM78XX
Typical Applications
(Continued)
High Output Current, Short Circuit Protected
00778117
00778118
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14
LM340/LM78XX
Physical Dimensions
inches (millimeters)
15
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LM340/LM78XX
Physical Dimensions
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16
Notes
National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves
the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications.
For the most current product information visit us at www.national.com.
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NATIONALS PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT AND GENERAL COUNSEL OF NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR
CORPORATION. As used herein:
1. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems
which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or
(b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform when
properly used in accordance with instructions for use
provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to result
in a significant injury to the user.
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