i I ' { i i a teach 1 youser | TUSSIan goal category all-round confidence language content + learn to speak, understand and write russian + progress quickly beyond the basics + explore the language in depth be where you want to be with teach yourselfteach yourself russian daphne west saa Launched in 1938, the teach yourself series ‘grew rapidly in response to the world’s wartime needs. 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A + obiaining information about avalaity, varity and cost + placing an order «indicating that a mistake has been made «apologizing for a mistake Bo CKonBKO oTxoRMNT noesA? when does the train eave? 8 + asking and talng the time + asking and answering questions about particular times + requesting and giving information about travel ‘No cpepaM A O6BHO... on Wednesdays | usually. 12 * taking and asking about dally and weekly routine «asking for and giving information about age «taking about days ofthe week + expressing approximation with regard to time 370 sasnouT oT noroAs it depends on the weather 124 «taking about future actions and intentions * giving and seeking information about the weather Wpa noma? sa at home? 198 + holding a conversation onthe telephone (pow to identity yourselt, ask for the person you want to speak to and how to deat with ‘wong numbers) « talking about past events and actions mse HyIHO K Bpauy? must goto the doctor's?150 + saying how you feel «asking others how they fea 4% 6 6 7 18 9 «seeking and giving adviow * talking about necessity comrep Te6e ovenb Mper the sweater really suits you 163 «talking about clothes and appearance + asking for advice about size and colour + expressing simple comparisons and negatives ‘© AWeM poxgenual happy birthday! 178 « talking about dates * saying when and where you were born and state your age ‘asking other people about thelr age, place and date of birth * greet people on special occasions Gein Ge nyse... itwould be better... 194 * expressing your opinion about arrangements and events * indicating preference in arangements '* expressing hopes and intentions about arrangements ‘+ making hypothetical statements + expressing statements contrary to fact ‘anal sarnanew 8 Gopo nyrewectBnis [ets pop into the travel agent's 207 * talking about holidays and holiday aocommodation * talking about what is best and most comfortable * giving more information inthe negative ‘s70 cnysmnoce? what happened? 218 «asking what has happened + reporting on what has happened and what has been said ‘asking what is wrong “expressing concern and purpose ‘enacn6o sa nico thank you forthe letter 232 “presenting formal and informal eters in RussianoP + reporting what people have asked « further expressing feelings and opinions 2» apweawaitre K Ham onaré! come and see us again! 206 © sing further expressions involving possession and self + using numerals na more detailed way + using other ways of expressing appreciation and thanks ‘appendix 1: grammar appendix 2: pronunciation key to the exercises Russian-English vocabulary English-Russian vocebulary index to grammar points g28388 Acknowledgements ‘The author and publishers would like to thank Irina Vorobyova, Elena Selyanina, Tanya Shlyakhtenko-Deck, Frank Beardow and Dr Michael Ransome for their invaluable advice, criticism and suggestions. They would also like to thank VAAP for permission to reproduce material from: Literaturnaia gazeta, Pravda, Puteshestvie v SSSR. Zdorov’e, Sovetskii soyuz, Sputnik. Aholiday, a business trip, an interest in world affairs or in the riches of Russian culture and history — there are many reasons for learning Russian, a language spoken throughout the Commonwealth of Independent States (formerly the USSR) by more than 285 million people (for about half of whom it is the mother tongue). ‘The aim of this course is to equip the complete beginner with the skills needed to communicate in practical, everyday situations and to give some background information about Russia and the nature of Russian society. The units of the course are designed to teach specific uses of language; these are related to situations that visitors to Russia may encounter. For example, you will learn how to give and seek information about people and piaces, how to make requests, complaints, apologies, arrangements, how to express opinions and explain what has happened and what will happen. ‘You will meet topics such as shopping, health, accommodation and entertainment and Jean how to cope with them in related settings © = in a shop, with the doctor, in a hotel, at the theatre. A clear indication is given, at the beginning of each unit, of the language uses covered and of the setting of the dialogue which forms the basis of the unit. Rapid and dramatic changes have taken place in recent years in ‘what used to be the USSR. Change is still very much the order of the day, so that, for example, the names of streets and the prices used in this book may not always tally with the current situation. Nevertheless, the language you are learning through this course is the language used in Russia today. UOI]}ONPOsUI =|How to use this course First, work carefully through the sections on the alphabet and tion before you attempt Unit 1. If you feel you need more ic alphabet, there are lots of exercises in Teach Yourself Beginner's Russian Script. tice on specific grammatical points, you will find a lot of material in Teach Yourself Beginner's Russian Grammar. Each unit follows the same pattern, starting with a dialogue; study this carefully, noting all the new language forms and vocabulary. The at the end of the dialogue contains key words and +h are necessary to understand it. Other words are given in the Russian-English vocabulary at the end of the book. Any important cultural points are explained in the section which follows. Next, the section How do you say it? points out the purpose of some of the sentences used in the dialogue and the main grammatical structures are explained and illustrated in sentences in the Grammar section, ‘Once you have grasped the meaning of the dialogue, read it through again until you are satisfied that itis clear. Then turn to the questions and test your understanding of the dialogue (you can check your answers in the Key to the exercises, which begins on page 276). The exercises are designed to help you practise the written and spoken language and they will involve a range of activities: reading, asking, answering, looking (at pictures, maps, charts, forms) and writing. The answers to all the exercises can be found in the Key to the exercises, ‘The final section is divided into two parts: conversation and reading. In each nit, the conversation is based on the topic and language points of the dialogue and lowed by a set of questions. Study the conversation carefully until you understand it clearly, then answer the questions (checking your answers in the Key to the exercises). The texts in the reading section give information about the geography, history, culture and society of Russia. You will meet new vocabulary here = you will not need to understand every word or every {grammatical form in order to answer the questions and the important vocabulary will be given for you at the end of the text; try to work out what you think the new words mean before you look at the vocabulary at the end of the text (or at the end of the book) and use the questions which precede the text to help you follow the passage more easily and concentrate on the main points. The reading section is designed to improve your ability to understand written Russian and the questions (and your answers) will always be in English. You will probably find that you need to spend rather more time on the later units, which contain more material than the earlier ones. Using the course with the recording Al items wit ign ([Q are recorded. As well as the alphabet and words on page xii of the Introduction, the dialogue, some exercises, the conversation and key phrases for each unit are recorded. You will find it very helpful for your comprehension and pronunciation of Russian to to the recording as you work through the course. ten the better; try to concentrat ‘ion of the speakers. The conver be used as listening comprehension exercises; conversation to get the general gist (don’t worry about understanding every single word), look at the questions that follow, then listen again before you try to answer them. The alphabet Is Russian difficult? It is certainly very different from English; this is part ofits fascination, An obvious difference is the Cyrillic alphabet ~ named after the Sth-century monk, St Cyril, its reputed author. Using the Cyrillic alphabet to write Rus is actually a great deal in the English letters are often le letter in Russian. In the following example 's are needed to provide the word meaning five are needed in Englis cabbage soup, Cy English aut shchi (pronounced ‘shchee”) Learning the alphabet is the first step to leaming Russian. -@Pronunciation The alphabet can be divided into three different groups of letters: those which look and sound very much like English letters; those which look like English letters but have different sounds; those which neither look nor sound like English letters, If you are familiar with Greek or Hebrew letters, you will recognize that some Russian letters have been developed from these sources.Five letters fall into the first group (those which are equivalent 40 i i their English counterparts): Handwritten Russian a sounds slightly shorter than ain father Printed | Handwritten” “Printed Handwritten geet cine paerduaae capital capital small small Sounds tke ™ in motor ‘A - © sounds lke ° in bare t a a Y sounds tke i fred B 5 6 F ‘There are seven letters in the second group (those which look like B b B tr English letters but which sound different): Tr Tt r L . sounds ke v in Wisi a D a eo e sounds tke ye in yet ¢ No sounds ke pin novel E € e 2 Pe sounds like r in rat e sounds like s in. sip E é é a Y——Sunds ke 00 in shoot : 3 ' y Bane BO Bete 7 ¥ * x { 3 _ 3 Q ‘The letters in the third group do not look like any English letters: u u 7 ie 6 sounds fike b in box nu a ii a F Sounds tke gm gt - & a sounds like a in daughter | K & 8 sounds ike yo in’ yonder I A | : ae sounds like. s in pleasure ul a “ | 32 sounds tke 2 in 00 M “ sounds like ee in feet ‘4 ae sounds ike yin boy H # x | x Bt sounds Tike 7 in bate 0 a sounds like Pe in peach oO ° a © sounds ike ? in father sounds tke ‘sin quits 0 TU | n ne 4 sounds like chin ofick p h & Sounds tke oom shit Bese eee P fp my sounds tke shoh in. posh china | vw hard sign — see note 7 C o c wit sounds like i in ih T SH T | es je soft sign — see note | 2 sounds tke em ta y y y | ¥ Ye Sounds tke wo in ye |m Sounds ike ya yak ® g e | ¢@ Seer cee ene eee x Notes 1-7: These refer to Appendix 2 on page 272. z 2 x ‘The English equivalents given are only approximate and the best way to master Russian pronunciation is to listen to native speakers and try to imitate them — the recording will help you do this.Printed | Handwritten | Printed | Handwritten capital capital small small uh u u a q ue 4 4 mW ue m1 uw stig wu m uw » % BL oe | » 6 2 3 9 3 10 » 10 ie L4 a A & Some in the handwritten alphabet look a little different practise them out loud. CB tere are some words given in both the printed and the handwritten form ~ note that the letters 1, m and # must always begin with a little hook, wherever they occur in the word; T and ur are often above and a line below, for the sake of cl (luggage) in the printed alphabet ~ the full alphabet, typed and {is given above. Compare each version of the letters, and g. a, Mand #), otherwise it aying these words aloud and try copying jon to the relative height of the letters: 13 Xae06 xae6 1 fem em COM 8 Jia aoa (skis) ABCOCLL (mother) Tere wera (aut) YA (football) (circus) 15 Yéero fiero (oer) ACO Practice 1._Now that you are acquainted with the alphabet, try to decipher these place names (answers in the Key to exercises, p. 276). a Tlouaox £ Abepann b Jlanxacrep g Xanrauraou © Mampun hh Bupsaruram d= Kopayonn i Dncom e Amcrepnam j Mem6ypx 2 Given below is the room allocation list for a group of tourists. Look at the second list in English and work out who is in which room (answers in the Key to exercises, p. 276). © Tixon Carr 201 Xo Paiime 206 Dxelin Knap 202 Puyapa Xappucon 207 Beponmxa Tomcou 203 Crepamu Bpayx 208 ‘Jinanax Voct 204 Mapraper J[oiisws 209 Caiimon Makers 205 Huxonac Toiinop 210 a Stephanie Brown £ Hugh Riley b Jane Clark g John Smith © Margaret Davies 1 Nicholas Taylor @ Richard Harrison i Veronica Thomson Simon Mackenzie i Lilian WestThe appendices and vocabulary “Appendix 1 includes summaries and notes on nouns, pronouns, adjectives, prepositions and verbs. Common irregularities are noted in Api ‘Appendix 2 contains more on pronunciation, Other irregularities are noted in the Russian-English vocabulary. | | stress Stress (indicated by “) is very important - however many syllables there are in a word, only one of them can be stressed. Every time you Jeam a new word, make sure you learn which syllable is stressed. If L L in the word, an unstressed *0” is pronounced like the second syllable of CQ. ‘matter’: répo. (See Appendix 2 for further details on how stress C- affects vowels — note 8.) Note that the letter & always carries the stress. Tn texts where the stress is not indicated (which includes most Russian publications), the two dots are not normally marked above this leter. Note that stress is marked in all words in the dialogues, role-play exercises, conversations, reading texts, commentaries, Key phrases, grammars and vocabularies. ‘;douoeu mea jeseaja “yoassed PLONVALEKOLI In this unit you will learn + how to respond to requests for personal information anc identification + some forms of courtesy2 | EaDialogue |B nacnoprt Passport 3 2 Anna Prince, a tourist from England, has just arrived at Sheremetevo eters to Russia must be in possession of a passport (ndenopr) and ge airport in Moscow and is passing through passport control and (ey a 23) customs. A young man at passport control checks her passport; she _O¥ Fe) anes a aeecustomns where a young wornan checks her luggage Ne details of money, traveller's cheques and other valuables they 38) Pelcuency declaration have with them on thelr cueney declaration form (geKnapaiyn) and 7 this is checked again when they leave Russi | MononitNenonéx — Sapsecraytire! Baw nécnopr, noményieva. eon ene ey eee Ava Sqpascteyitre! Got mol nécnopr. Z Monopdi wenopéx Bei TypiicTKa? ®amunua Surname Avna Ba, & TypiicrKa. ‘Anna supplies her surname (bamiinus) and her first name (fas). >} Monogoituenonéx — Bb anrninsdnKa, Aa? Russians would also give their patronymic (6T4ecte0) - a middie ma) Anna Aaa 9 anrrvnsaiiKs. name derived from their father’s first name and usually ending in Monogéi venonéx — Kak Bawa chawinusn? -oBvia or -eBKa (for a Woman) and -oBw4 or -eBMY (for a man). Aura ‘Mos chaminus ~ Mpc, Women's surnames usually end in a (which is why Tolstoy's novel is Monopdit wenonéx — Xopoui6. Bor Bau ndcnopT. ‘80 called: Anna is married to a man calied Karenin): Arma Cnacii6o. Monogoii 4enoséx = Moxkanyiicra. Father's name Full Réoyuna Hd aus ard? tua e unre yin a pic Cepréesn Netpos ayuKa Hssasel acter aadaseeet wapauyn? pia Himondeaxa Erépo3a vied dined ‘Anexoéit Nésnoois Erépoe DésywKa Xopowsd. Bor aura Aeknapaynn. Anna Cnaci6o. ci 7 4 ‘is no Russian equivalent for the English ‘titles’ Mr, Mrs, Ms, Miss; Aésyusxa Toxdnyiicra. Jo cauganin. ee eee ee ‘Auna Ao cannanns. address each other by the first name ( -version of the first name, e.g. the diminutive of Caetndna is Cnéra); in ead hms tomo yea more formal situations the first name and patronymic are used. So, wonoAsi wenonéx Tania Bnagfamposta fetpésa would be known as Fanfna (or diminutive Tn) to her close friends and formally as Tanita ;Bnagimnposna, Tosapauy (comrade), which used to be used with the surname as ari official form of address (or to address someone ‘whose name you didn’t know), Is no longer used and rocnoain Mr {feminine rocnoma Mrs) has come back into usage as an official form ‘of address. ‘Bau nécnopr your passport noxényicra please ‘not herefthere is/are Bet you anrnuanxa —Engiish(women) ma a Kax efiwa cbamsnun? What's your sumame? Bet You In Russian there are two ways of saying you: Bbt is used to indicate both singul ‘one person) and plural (more than one) ~ in the former case, it is the polite form of address used when taking to ‘someone you don't know, or don't know very well (ike the French word vous). f you are speaking to a member of your family, a close friend or ‘a child, you would use the word Ti {ike the French word tu).amine | aidouseu mea 3qpaéscreyire! Hello! ‘This fiterally means be healthy and is used to greet a group of people ‘or one person you would cali pbl. Note that the first p is not pronounced. Ifyou were addressing one person whom you call Tet you would say Sapaserayiit Noxanyiicra Please; you're welcome “This means please, but is also used to mean don’t mention it, you're welcome vihen someone has said eniach6o to you (lke the German word bitte) Questions 1 True or false? a Ana — aMepuKanKa. b B8 (her) annus — Tlerpora. Anna ~ Typucrra. 2 Answer the questions! a Anna anrsmvanxa? Db Kak e& dpanaumaa? How do you say it? How to: 1 Greet people Snpabcrsyiite! Say please and thank you nowdsyiicra caciGo Ask someone’s surname and say your own. Kax péuia anions? Mos dannimis FIpuxc. ‘Ask people their nationality and state yours But aurmayénxa? Ha, 9 anrsnsanKa. 2 3a S- Respond to requests for items, say here its, etc, Tye am nicnopr? Bor moit nécnopt. Grammar 1 ‘The’ and ‘a’ ‘There are no words in Russian for the (the definite article) or a (the indefinite article), so ndcnopr means the passport or a passport. 2 ‘Tobe’ ‘The verb to be is not used in Russian in the present tense (Fam, you are - and so on). So Bat Typiter (which means literally you tourist) is the way of saying you are a tourist. If both words separated by the ‘missing’ verb to be are nouns, a dash may be used: Moa cantina ~ Tlerpéea. 3. Statements and questions ‘The only difference between a statement and a question in written | Russian is that a question ends with a question mark ... and a statement. does not! There is no change in word order: Auma typicrxa, ‘Auua typiicrxa? ds Anna a tourist? “In spoken statements, the voice usually falls on the last stressed ‘syllable of the last word: ey: Ama typticrra, Ina spoken question, the voice is raised on the last stressed syllable of the last word: Seeeeeee ‘Ana Typticra? If the question begins with a question word (an interrogative), the voice is raised on that word: —A Tae pant Garda? ‘adouseu mes jeaoyhvemouIf a question implies a contrast, a dip occurs: 5 How to say ‘I, you, he, she, it, we, you’ “Tr and ‘they’ A ro? | The grammatical name for these words is the personal or subject pronoun and the table below gives a full list of them: 4 Groups of nouns Nouns are randomly divided into differ are three groups (also known as ‘gen: | neuter. The important thing to remembs ‘out which group Russian word belon “The most common endings are: jaayArexou ‘idouseu mes ‘groups ~ in Russian there feminine and. consonant (cron table) Feminine words ‘end in a (vatara Book) ‘Neutor words end in ° (nmenms letter) 6 ‘My, our, your’ Sometimes a word has two forms to distinguish between males and. These are known as possessive adjectives because they denote ‘possession. They change their endings depending on the gender of the females, eg. opie 1ypicr, ie noun they are deseribing: Amma TypiicrKa, Anna Tanne : ae ok (for mascuine words): wok net ‘You will soon become familiar with these endings as they are als0 | wom (fr f : opt my passport present in certain pronouns, adjectives and past tense verbs. Other ‘MeA (for feminine words): “MOA poKnepaigen my declaration Mod (fornouter words): mo® A ‘groups’ endings are: my (first) name ‘Masouline words end in ot, -a, of) (wait May) ‘o6tin car) Feminine words end in sau Garéox your luggage (ie. boionging to abt) duo (for neuter words): Bawa ncEAS Neuterwords endin —@ (ns | The word nam (our, ic. belonging to mt) works in just the same way. So, the only ending ‘shared’ by th is w (the fee eee ‘0, the only ending ‘s Y by more than one groups is b (the Sof “The followis : Sian) and this isthe only time you will need to lear the gender of 2 rite words never change form: word. Very occasionally you wll met exceptions io these pans er6* his, its (when referring to a masculine or a neuter noun) Fore ont common are Bpésis (time) and iawn (frst name), which are. "Note the pronunciation of this hich both neuter. would expect: yev6. word, which is perhaps not what you et her, its (when referring to a feminine noun) mx their° jeionhuewou adouseu mes Te eré zexnapanus? Where is his declaration? Bor e& 6ardx. Here is her luggage. Kax mx tbawatsia? What is their surname? 7 Kak? How? ‘This word means hiow and is frequently used in questions: Kak au? How are you? Kax pend? How are things? Kax pam Gpar? How's your brother? 8 Nationalities Russian uses two nouns (one masculine, one feminine) to describe nationality: On aurora, He is English. On amepmxauent, He is American. Ou vendxen, He is Spanish. (Ond anrnmvinxa, ‘She is English. Ona amepmcinka. ‘She is American. Ona wendia. ‘She is Spanish. ‘A general rule would be that the feminine nouns end in -a, He is Russian, she is Russian, etc. look rather different: Ox pyccxutt. Ond pfcoxas, This is because they are adjectives ~ see Unit 5.) Practice ‘The exercises in this unit give you practice in recognizing the alphabet and in using some of the vocabulary and grammatical items covered in the unit. 1.1 Read and answer! Look carefully at the form opposite and then answer the questions that follow it. opara Ne210. | Hamoramnvcr, _xxypuamict b Mapas TasaniKa axrpmca (aciress) © Bopnc pyccxmtt ipxenep ad Tarp mpmanzen erynest 1.3: Look and answer! ‘Which city features on the hotel emblem below? roctaeaa), Ventanas)1.4 Read and answer! Crioappéeca Kak péwa chaminun? 10 | Match the question with the answer ‘Typiict a Upéros. Bopiic Bnapimposirs Lpéros. LEE) 1 Kax pama dpaxavms? a Her, ona anrusauna. gypmereor® pee pau Ganer? 3 2 Tne paura zexnaparna? b Ha, moi. ‘Groapnécca’ Cnacit6o. ee: 38| 3 Ona pyccxas? ¢ Bor ona. oe ioneaies haened . |23] 4 ro wanr Garéx? d_— Bopobrés. “Gnoapaécca ~ Moxanyicra. [ wer no Gro Rietns wrnese aro | [_meere place, sat are five ] True or false? | 1.5 Read and write! : = i ;, Read the statements about the touri: = Tue sam nacnopr? Bor. stot TACROPUT raise, tourist and state whether they are true ot ‘Make up similar answers to the following: a Ero danaems ~ Merpor. a Tage pawa gexnapams? (b Ero una ~ Bopnc. b Tae name nicsmo? eee © Ou typucr. Frepau Garon? Reading @ Tne sam xypaan? ; fe Tae sansa suse? Read the text and answer the questions in English ‘a Where is Viktor from? D- What is his job? xypnén magazine ‘¢ Which famous places are mentioned? Bincrop mocxaits, Bikxrop pjockut On 2espuaztir. On mocksit. ‘i Jockna ~ cromata Pocc#. So nexrp nomiraks u xysmTSpst £316 Read, write andiistett == Ta bom erp, Moscone a Practise writing answers about yourself to the following questions, thea mepenrét m Kpestn, Tisten tothe exchange on the recording which gives you sample answers| a Kax nama dancema? > Bal anramuanwa/anrmmvanKa? ¢ Bot crysient/ctyaentea? Comprehension OKey phrases {31 Conversation ‘Can you remember how to say the following in Russian? Listen to Read, listen and answer! ‘the recording and practise saying each phrase. ‘A Russian tourist has just boarded a plane at Sheremetevo for a holiday® ‘Your passport, please. in Yalta, He is talking to the stewardess. b Mit is your surname? z € ye. Croapaécca Sapaecteyiire. fonda ‘Typiet Sapascreylire. © Thank you.BA] Peyfeo UW) edy iAgoe KHON {n this unit you will learn + how to give further information about yourself + + how to request such information from others Dialogue felling with a group of tourists from England who are all int ainting and architecture. The travel company has arranged a social evening at which they are to meet a group of Russian artists and teachers of art. Mpa Jandirre nosaxommcsl Mews soar Vipa Anna Oven npwATHo. Vipa. Kak sac sony? Anna Meda sony Ania, “Mpa Ove npnfitHo, Axia... Bat yox6 xopouib roopiire no- pyeoKu! ‘Avna Cnacito. 9 usy4dio pyookwit a36iK y>xé Tp réaa. Vpa, Bet mockeiuKa? Mpa a, n xuBY © Mocksé, A rae Bui uBé7e? B SlounoHe? Anna Her, a «Way 8 Bpiictone. A pa6érao Tam 8 uKéne, penopaid axrniiicnnit nosix. A rae bi pabétaeTe? Mpa’ gece B Mocksé, B ynnsepouTére. A ~ xyAbxnuya, : penopiaib aiigonsce. ‘Anna Oli, Kak wiTepécro! ‘Ravéiire nosnaxounmen fo’ introduce ourselves ‘mens s00yr im cafed (i. they call me) von npusirHo pleased to meot you ‘8 xsy4io Im learning (I have besn leaming) pieexua nasix Russian (language) ‘pH réA8 (for) threo years mocxaivna a Muscovite (female) mney Ive 8 MocKeé in Moscow a and; but peimnndre you live 8 RéHpoMe in London i pa6érao f work Tam Buxéne in (athe) schoo! Anpenogaro | teach anrnianeKui acm — English (language) specs here fe yuunepentére atthe university xynoxnuya (female) artist aisonuee (1) drawing, painting ax ac 2087? what are you caled? (i how do they cal you?) ‘ei xd xopows ropopiire ne-pjecKn you already speak Russian well |edy sksoe unions 20 8 Dasaire nostaxémumcal Let's get to know each other ‘This iteraly means Jet's get to know each other and is used when roducing yourself (or a group of which you are a member, if you were inttoducing two. people to each other you would say noanaKéubreck! (lt. get fo know each other). Mens sopyr Mpa /'m-called Ira This literally means me they call Ira, Russians will often introduce 1¢ sort of function described here by just giving their first name (in this case, Ira is the diminutive of Irina). Over» npusitHo Pleased to meet you ‘The literal meaning of this is very pleasant. There is another common saying pleased to meet you: you could say éveHb pan (f you're a man) or éveHt pag (if you're a woman). B yuupepceurtéte At the university. ‘i Russia's higher education system includes universities, academies, conservatories and specialist high schools. The education reforms of 1984 macie education compulsory between the ages of six and 17. For pre-school children, up'to the ‘age of three, there are créches (enw). and for three- to: six-year-olds there is the kindergarten (nércKmit cap). Education used tobe free’ and open access; however, there are now fee-paying private secondary schools (and terms such as AMUéi and ruMHéaMA have reappeared). Higher education is no longer free for all students. and, increasingly, students’ studies are linked to work for commercial concerns. Questions 1 True or false? a Mpa aursmyanka, b Anna rosopur no-pyccxs. ¢ Mpa ~ nmxenep. 2 Answer the questions! a Kak Anna ronopur 1o-pycexs? b Pe Anwa sxupér? ¢ Uno (what) Ania npenonaét? How do you say it? How to: 1 Introduce yourself Aapaitre nosHaxémumes! 2. Say your name and ask someone else's name Mens sonfr ... Kak pac 30897? 3. Say ‘pleased to meet you" Oucup mpuitrno! Ouens pan! Ovens pina! 4 Ask people where they live and say where you live Dae sit unite? 5 mug B. 5 Ask people where they work and say where you work Tne aut pa6éraere? HA paGéraio b ... Grammar present tense that the verb zo be is not used in the present tense is an exception, Other verbs in Russian do have ‘a present tense and it is important to know how this is formed (just as we need to know how present tense endings change in English — Iplay, she plays ctc.). ‘There are two main groups (or conjugations) of verbs in Russian: 4 Most verbs whose infinitive (the to do part of the verb) ends in -a will work like the verb pa6rars (to work) in the present tense: a paGéraio J work ‘ei pa6Sraeuy you work mss paséraem ‘bi paGéraeTe onlondion6 pabsraer hofshe/t works wh paGSrawoT i.e. remove the Tb and add: -10, -euth, -eT, -eM, -eTe, lor, a edyt shoe Han 20edly shaoe wwon 20 i Most verbs whose infinitive ends in -wrs will work like ronopirre (to speak) in the present tense: J speak we speak you speak they speak __ you speak ‘OW/OHB/OHG ronophr hehe speaks ou rosopst ‘Tot rosoput i.e. remove the mrp and add: -o, mms, 11, 1m, i, sr b Irregular verbs iages, Russian has verbs which do not conform to the dar verbs). In Russian, however, even irregular istent, and in order to be able to use them, the ‘important thing is to know their stem and the a, Tt, om endings (and these are al for iregular verbs in the vocabulary atthe end is the stem amp- and the following endings: peut, OH KUBET, MEI AHDEM, BLI KUBETE, OH In other words, the om, oas1 and sai forms will follow the pattern set by 1, but the # and oni forms will be different. ‘The nominati the word(s) the complement of the verb our knowledge of the sut Subject ‘Complement Meaning Mocks cTomiya Poccin Moscow is the capital of Russia ‘Ava Mpc Typiierka Anne Prince is a tourist ‘There are six cases in Russian, including the nominative. (Nouns, adjectives sind personal pron iways appear in dictionaries and vocabularies in the nominative.) 3 Describing place or position ‘To deseribe the place or position of something or someone after the following prepo: a in (inside), at na the prepositional (or locative) case is used. ‘The prepositional is usually formed by adding the letter e to the end in, on, at ¢ Verbs ending in -asare ; Aad Tipenogandrs (1¢ teach) like all verbs ending in -asars loses its | middle (as) and ii i i i e pence | nah Smoot ica npenopabr’ { Tpawsait a e isuaaiantsis peste | haTpawsée on therby tram + Feminine It is important to know this, because there are some very common | Mocks’ a e verbs that work this way: e.g. aandrb (0 give), npoaandre (10 sell) ' 18 Mocxsé in Moscow | a 5 ° 2 Endings | oe inthe kiehe These. change aecorting to the function of the words (osm ! ruicené ° ° . pronouns) in a given sentence; the different endings are nce in the later s. So far you have the met the nominative case ~ this is ope e e usi shout the person or thing doing an action (i.e. for the BMope" Inthe sea the sentence): is rane! 5 Ft were i.e, neuter nouns ending 3 dy 1Kace sions ‘dy 1Xe0e HoH 20 The only exceptions to the usual ending are: a Feminine soft sign nouns, feminine nouns which end in -wx and neuter nouns which end i Remove Add rerpéa> . 4 eTerpéj" in the exercise book Aarau a " | 8 Avr in Engiand snanne e ” | ssnann in the buiting b A group of masculine nouns which all take the stressed ending y Ginstead of -).A f these is given in Appendix 1, but here are apondpr 8 aaponapry atthe airport inthe Crimea con the floor In the garden in the corner inthe cupboard © A small group their form in any case ~ these (known as indeclinable) never change id to be words imported. from other Ianguages. Common examples are: 4 Tlo-pyecku /n Russian ‘This word describes the way in which something is dons from pfecsait and means in Russian. Such words Note the following sitnilar adverbs: Thkep ronopiir no-ppannyscen, Thitep ronopitr no-aurmiiicKn. Mapiia ropopitr no-wramsinexn. Pierre speaks Fre Peter speaks E? Maria speaks Italian. Practice 2.1 Read and answer! ‘Which is the correct alternative? a Mut paGoraio/padoraem/ 4 onm suaere/sna10/ paboraor sHaioT bona npenonaét/npenonaéuts/ es roROpIo/roBopuTe/ npenionaére rovopat bt KnBy/axenéTe/sxmBeutt 22 Read, listen and answer 1s then match them up with the answers that you pwnd wine 2.3 Look and answer! ‘The information below is taken from a theatre ticket. a But paGoraere B Mocxne? b Kak Bac 30ny1? ¢ But xupére B Knene? ad Fze punto? Cepus BT QHosGpaA 000307 NAPTEP pag ié mecto6 Bonewoii rearp Pocesm Teatpanbnas nn, ou 1 Tenecpox 292-00-504 skeoe wron BS 20 a What is the name of the theatre? 1} What is the theatre's telephone number? 2.4 Read and write! Kro rie paGoraer? Who works where? a Baxrop pa6orarb yaunepenter b Cama paGorars can © Tw paGorars mkona a Tamma paGorare sra6oparopis © Bu paGorars Giopo t 4 paGorars, rocruxmua g Bopne paGorars Mocxpa eas « Bus nati. 4 i” Write similar sentences about the others listed above, 2.5 Read and answer! Can you work out which composers ate featured in the concert progtamme below? 1 orgeaesne ‘Toxxara, aaxno H (byra 20 Maxop ‘Tpuo-conara No 5 a H.C. Bax - 2. ornenenme b Mouapr - Dantasus da mamop ¢ Ilys ~ Kavox cu misiop 2.6 Read and write! a Anna Bpucrom no-anraniiext dA Bupwauram © no-arrnuilexu © Thsep Tlapinx no-ppaunyacxn a Xoce Menasns no-cnatiexi e Bu Mocxsa To-pyccxnt ari 4 Ae. ‘Write similar sentences about the others listed above. Comprehension €31 Conversation Read, listen and answer! Michael Jones, a journalist, is met at St Petersburg airport by his guide. Ta Vaeuniire, noxanyiicra, abt Marin AxKowc? Mafixn fla, S70 8. Ta Sapéscrayiire! 5 saw rig, Mena soayt Bondas, Main — Quen npastHo, Bondaa. Fag Bor Hau! apr66yc, HOMep nate, Matin Maiixn — Cnacii6o. Tag Crarxirre, Maiikn, abt aHrriannn? Malixn fla, armani. Ta Boi nate B SloHnoHe? Main Hor, Her, a ny 8 Oxccbopae. Tha Kax mstepécuo. Bui paGoraete 8 yxnBepouTére? Mafixn Her, a xypnanict. Ta But Ovex xopow6 rosopiire no-pyccKH. Mafixn — Cnacii6o. A padorao 8 Oxcibopne, Ho mora 8 Pocaiin TOxe. Tua A, nOHATHO ... BOT No4eMy Bbi roBOPITe no-pyccKA Main Arpe asi xnabre, Bondgs? Tua, FA xuBy n padéralo seco 8 CanKr-fletep6yore Main — B ystTpe? Ta, Di, aa, 8 useTpe ... Hy, 807 #* edwa rocriaiua. ‘Note that W means and, b used to give emphasis: Here is your hotel that's why 8 ‘edy sAgoe wow Qo noTrue or false? Maiixn Zpxonc xaér 8 Jonzone. Bikey phrases zeae i Maitxa Tpxone xypramicr. Can you remember how to say the following in Russian? Listen to @) Maiixa Jpxonc paboraer Tomxo 8 Oxcibopze. a What are you called? e Boxona xxusér B Mocxpe. Tam called Anna b ———— ¢ Pleased to meet you. romxKo only eT work in Moscow. e Llive in London. 2 Reading Read the text and answer the questions in English. a What sort of city is St Petersburg? 1b What do we learn about the population? vd skeoe exon FR 20 ‘What does she say about the architecture? Where does she work? Enéua Herp6ona Erdpona xupér a Camer-Ierep6ypre. Canxr-Herep6fpr duexs Gomsiuéii répon, KymATypaBti A amamucrpanibuetit ueutp. B Canxr-Tlerep6ypre -xumér Math MisumGHOB Yenopéx. Jléia cxHBET B KBApTIIpe B néntpe. Kut B néiTpe SveHb MpwstHo! Tan apxurexTypa 6uext xpactinas. Hanpumép, p uéirpe naxéasres Sinai mpopéu. w SpMarax. Vi, xonémo, 8 Camer-Tlerepoypre vent Kpaciinas pexd — Head. B uéwrpe réwoxe naxdmurrea oven Gompudii, crapsrit yamnepenrér, rae Enéna paGéraer. Enéna ~ reémor. b kpachwan apxurexrypa ; Hanpamop Haxopiirecn naTe MMnnRéHOB pexa crapest raKKe wenopéx dy shee won 83 20HOdeLfaL qoote of é Z9uoUde|e} 8u} s,e1euMm In this unit you will learn + how to ask for and give directions + some more forms of courtesy G Dialogue Tra, who lives near the hotel Castor, has invited Anna to her flat. Anna has some trouble in finding the flat and asks passers-by for help. Anna Tpoxomnit 1 Anta Tipoxonwit 2 Ania Tpoxoxni 2 Anta Mipoxomnit 2 Anna Mpoxonnit 2 Anna Apoxomnii 3 Wspunire, noxanyicta, Bb He sHdeTe, rae rocitnnya Camior? Visennitre, He sHdio. Vieunitte, noxanylicta, ob He sHéeTe, KaK npolini 8 roctumnuy Carior? Kya? B rocrimmuy Cantor. ‘Sua. Y Bac ect nna? Bla. y wenf ects nan, Bor oH. Hy, xopowi6. (Points to map) Mbt Bor sqecb. TowsirH0? Ja, nowstHo. Xopowo. Biante pectopan Bou Tas? Da, eioxy. Xopowi6. Orryga ware Hanpéeo, notém Hanéso, noTém ondire Handeo. Xopows, 1 nonwudio: Hanpso, Hanéso, noToM onfrp Hanéeo. Cnacii6o Goneuse. Toxanyiicra. (Follows instructions and arrives at Camior.) Bot TocTinya Camior. A rae xnBéT Mpa? (Looks in her bag for the address.) Bot e8 appec: Ti’HMMcKHH npocnéKr, goM 120, Kopnyc 3, keapripa 5. Oh, Kak cnéxHo! ... CKaxire, Nloxanyiiora, Kak poh 8 qoM 1207 Gro paneKs? Her, He Ovens. Biigute anrény, ga? Orryaa natire npANto, norém Hanéeo. anodpouos aootie atts {B £0apece ne npoxémsit vy pac ecre? Y mens ects Anan igre, pitmy (ampere) ovrina aire! (war) wanpaso noréu oni ‘8 nionnndio (nonmaéTe) ‘enacii6o Gorbuiée ee appec Ténunoxnii mpoonéxt Bou 120 — cro qpaquate épnye enOxHO Aanex6 ‘amréxa ApAmo. 62a 470 néapHO ‘Tenedorastouar Avna Chacii6o Gonbuée. 26 | Tpoxomuii3 —Hé aa sto. 3] Anna Hy, xopowi6, Bor flow 120. A rae KOpnyc 3? ... BoT kOpny¢ 1 ... Yok6 n6agHol (Anna sighs and decides i to give in and ring fra. ... Ckaxiire, noxanyhicra, Tae spect tenecbow? 2 | poxonni 4 — Tenespou-aotomar oon ram, Hanpaso. 3 Anna Cnaci6o Gonsu6e. 2 | Mpoxomua 4 — Moxényiicra. here not passerby hhow do Udoes one get to? where to? hhave you gor? Thave plan, map you see, I see (10 500) over there from there ‘90! (to g0 on foot, to walk) fn therto the right {GB Boi He andere You don’t know by any chance Verbs are made negative by the use of ‘He NOHMMAIO U don't understand). Bot He sHaere is tt formula to use when, requesting information (roughly equivalent to You don't know by any chance ...). Cnaci60 Gonbuide Thank you very much This literally means a big thank you. As we saw in Unit 1, this usually attracts the response noxényiicTa; an alternative form of courteous response is Hé 8a 40, don't mention it. Russian urban addresses Russian urban addres the block of flats (go! of flats is made up of sever number itself («eapriipa). itis not surprising that Anna feels daunted by the tas! fiat - the blocks and wings, which all look very complexes of flats will have their own shops, school, health centre and so on, bathroom, sitting room and one bedroom have more than one use - e.g. sitting room doubles up as second bedroom). Concerns about problems of living space pxunnnéuyap) feature in the cartoon below, where the wolf is enquiring of granny (Ga6ywxa) why on earth she has so much living space, Sa4en, Tobe, Y Gabyuna, TaKan ‘Sonallan enompoues soatie atts £0CKamite, nowanyicta Tell (me), please This literally means say/tell, please and, like wsaunitre, nomanyiicra (excuse, please), it Is a good way of attracting someone's attention. Tenecp6u-aptomat Telephone box Calls can be made cheaply from public telephones using aKeTGHb! (tokens). Questions 1 True or false? a Anna snaer, re rocrimmma Camor. b Anna snaer, re xopnye TPH. ¢ Caoxxo mpoiirn x tom 120. Answer the questions! 2 a Tepsutii (first) npoxoxuii suaet, re rocranaya Camor? b Dine xxumér pa? 120, 3, 5. ¢ Tne tenesox? Hampano mm waseso? How do you say it? How to: 1 Request information: Do you happen to know ...? But ne andere ...? 2° Ask the way Kax mpoiinit 8 ...? 3 Ask if someone has and say that you have Y pac ecth ...? 'Y Mens eore ... 4 Give directions oH Tam arpano anés0 orryaa mpamo 5 Ask and say ifa place is far or not Bro maneKs? Her, ne Gene sanexs. 6 Attract someone's attention Cxamiire, noxé.ayiicra. Vosoumire, noxdayficra 7 Respond to thanks, saying ‘Don't mention it” Tloxanyiicra. Hé 3a 410, Grammar 1 Kyqa? Where to? This means where to? (like the English word whither) ~ ic. it must bbe used when you are asking a question about direction (as opposed torae, used when you are asking about position): Kyaé on nt? ‘Where (lt. where to) is he going? Tie on pa6éraet? Where does he work? 2 Negative ‘To make the negative of a verb, simply use ne in front of the verb: Awe rosopio no-wendnexs. 1 don't speak Spanish. SA we noumntizo, wro ox Tdon't understand what he rosopitr. says. ue is pronounced as part of the verb: we rowopi6 as nigavaryd. 3 Verbs Haris means to go on foot, to walk; this is another irregular verb. Remember that what you need to know here is: Tet form abu Jf you compare this with arms (in Unit 2), you will see that the pattern is the same. awotpouos aootie ots BB £0psodoues sootis obs @ (£0 ike most verbs whose infinitive ends in -erb, is a verb and so it works like rosopicrt, ~ bu second conjugation verbs with a x in their stem. ‘Whenever you mect a verb like this, remember that in the present tense, m form only, the changes to a a6: a pinky, Ter RIKI, OF AKT, MEL HiTAEM, BOI BiLAATe, OB Bier Another very common second conjugation verb which works in this way is emer (to sit, be Seared): s cicaf, Tos cwiutts etc. ‘Note that the personal pronoun (with the exception of ow, ost, ow) can’ ‘be omitted in direct speech: Biurre amréxy (you see the chemists?) is is the command (or imperative) form of the verb, You have already met several of these (anpanerayiire, usaunirre, care). ‘They are very straightforward to form; take the vss form of the present tense and remove the last thtee letters ~ if you're left with a if you're vowel add lite (if you're commanding pbx; jou’re left with a consonant add wre if you're commanding 1): pa6éraenm > paGéra- —* + ii/itre —> pa6drail/paSéraitre! wait = a. Ft /stTe ~* wi/nmtre! Note that commands are usually followed by an exclamation mark in Russian 5 Accusative case In Unit 2 we learnt about the nominative and prepositional cases. Now we meet the accusative case, which is used in the following ways. ‘object’ of the sentence jing to whom/which an action is being in a sentence must be put into the Meaning Anna sees the builiing ‘Anna sees the restaurant ‘Anna sees the chemists ‘The good news is that for neuter nouns the accusative is exactly the masculine animate nouns will be nouns except those ending in a soft endings to form the accusative: On xopous stdet Mockay He knows Moscow wel! samira a ” Ou ander 08 daminino He knows her sumame AER = - (Gu otkpeiséer aBeps He's opening the door Ge. a+ y; a 10; » stays the same). b Describing motion or direction In Unit 2 we leamt that w/a + prepositional case are used to describe the position of something/someone: inin paSGraer 2 pecropéue. Ivan is working inthe restaurant you're answering the ction, B/ wa and the accusative must be used: Vina attr 8 pectopa. Ivan is going intofto the restaurant. 6 Y Bac ect ...? Have you got ...? If you want to say have you got, the phrase you use literally means by you is there? Take away the question mark and, of course, you have the statement you have. NB a This not a verb, but a phrase used instead of a verb. essential to include the word ects (which means there {Mare wed nan and ¥ neu eer a both mean T ave a plan, Ere lends greater emphasis: Ido have a plan.guogouer sootie tts £0 © Note these forms: Practice 3.1. Read and answer! i Which is the correct alternative (motion or position)? a Kyga/rye But uatre? b Oxa xn8r » Omck/s Omere. ¢ Mbt paGoraem B yumpepemter/s ynupepenTere. Cama aér B amtexy/s anrere Boston cau 8 pecropan/s pecropane. ii Which is the correct alternative (subject or object)? {But ouaere imra/Sinty? Bor ero nexsapanna/ nexapauno. bh On samur Onsra/Omry. 3.2 Look and answer! Look at the following extract from a theatre programme: a Will the audience be watching an opera or a ballet? b What is the title of the performance? OH KUXOT Banets 3 peiictBanax Jin6perro M.Netuna no pomary M.Cepsanteca 3.3 Read and write! Kro rae »KuBéT? Who lives where? a Onpra/Camapxann ~ Oxpra oxen 8 CamapKanie b Buxtop/Kues © A/Anramt a Ts/Onecea e Mapua 1 Anrronno/Hrama 33.4 Read, answer and listen! ‘You are asking a passer-by how to get your part of the conversation, then ye chemist's. Complete fen to the complete ‘conversation on the recording. Ber ‘@ Ask how to get to the chemist’. Hpoxéanit — Vigiire npsiuo, norom Hanéeo. Bor Ask if itis far. Npoxoxnit — Her, He dueH®. Bot ¢ Say thank you very much. Tpoxémmit HE aa uo. 3.5 Read and answer! ‘Work out what question was asked for each of these answers: a Mens sosyr Anna. b A xuoy » Ants. © “5 paGoraio Bpncrose. a A nay » rocrumny. e Y wena ects wan. Comprehension €31 Conversation Read, listen and answer! A tourist stops a passer-by to ask for directions to the Cosmos cinema. Typuer Wsennitre, noxényiicra, Mipoxomni a? Typnet Boi ne shéere, re Haxdauron KinoTedtp Kécuoc? Mipoxooknii — KunoTedtp Kécwoc? ... hy, Aa ... Ha mpocnékre Miipa. Typuer Cnacii6o. A Kak npoirri Tad, noxanylicra? Tipoxonit —Bbi He stdere, rae npocnéxr Miipa? Typner Her, He ado, 51 He Guyer xopoUld sHdI0 Mockay. Tipoxomni — Huveré. KunoTeétp Kécwoc He ovens qaneK6. godbouer soatie tts £0‘Typuct Xopous! Tipoxornii Boi vigire oTaHyMo MeTPO BOH TaN? Typuer Ba, By. Npoxomui — Xopouis. Orryaa walire Hanpaso. Sto npocnéKr Miipa, Hanés0 roctaruya KécH0C. ‘Typwer A.KunoTeatp Toke TaN? Fpoxoxnli Her. Uigire npfwo. Hanpéso waxSquton myséit KocMondeTHicH, Typer ‘Xopowds, F NOHMNaIO — FocTMMMYa HANéBO, Myséit nanpéeo. Fpoxoxuii fla. Vigirre npfmo. Kuworearp Ha yrnj. TlonsitH0? ‘Typuer Bla, cnaci6o 6onewe. Mpoxonmt — Hé 3a sro. ‘cinema to there never mind ranma wetpé — metfo station my26ih KocMONABTHKH @ rumorearp 1 Kanorearp Kocmoc Haxomures: ap roctimtie Koomoc bp Myce KocMoHABTIIKH © na mpocnexre Mupa 2 Kunotearp Kocmoc Haxoautca a ove jazteKo be ovexs sraexo © B MeTpo Bor crams metpo. Orryza ‘rypuer wer nanpaso rypner naér HaeBo Typior nagr B rocrmmy Bor yron. Tam Haxonirres kunoreatp rocrmnta Myseit ook ROoE & 2 Reading Read the text and answer the questions in English a What is Anatoly’s surname? Where does his wife work? ¢ How long has Marina worked at the cinema? @ Where exactly do they live? What isa typical Russian flat like? f What amenities are there in the area where Anatoly and his Auatésmii b&goposn4 Manxiran ~ nuxenép. On xmpét B Mooxsé ne » nékrpe, a ua oxpinne. Y werd xexé, Banentiia Huxondeswa, 20%, Mapitua coGaxa, Tapux. Banentina paGéraet » anréxe, a Mapyina yxé ‘put roa paSéraer p xnMoTeétpe; ond Kaccmpura. Wépux, xouéiio, He paGéraer. Omi xuBjT B KBapripe, Ha oxpamne. ro TwmviNHax xBaprsipa: KYXHa, BanHad, chésibis nm roctinas. 3uésnr, Sro ue dyem> Gomis xsapriipa. Ha oxpdusie, rae ou upYT, ecre yuusepcim, anréxa, KanoresTp, uiKéna u cranuna merps. Viréx, Bancutiwa mt Maprima paGéraiot Ha oxpdnue, a Anarénmii pa6éraet B ugHTpe, TO ecTe dueHE 1a1eKd. enogouar sootis atts €0 Uwodgaues soatis ots £0 ‘onaneun bedroom swniunan Keaptipa typical flat ‘Toecte that is (.2,) yemeepesm — supormarkot (3 Key phrases Can you remember how to say, the following in Russian? Listen to the recording and practise saying each phrase. Zarey sydes6ojoud eye} euo Aew G JOLOCD te qiegod OHXKOW 999 -vcbed In this unit you will learn + how to ask/state whether ‘something is permitted or not + how to ask/state whether something is possible, impossible or necessarv‘orKon sate 1] saivaodngediocb gy i) ) Dialogue Tra has taken Anna to see Kolomenskoye, a former royal estate on the banks of the Moskya river. ‘Anita — Kax6e xpaciigoe wécTo! Vipa la, 2nece afannn oueH» Kpactiabic Anna A KaKoe $70 agkie, 80H TaN, Hané20? Via. ra 6veH crépan yépkoBs. Kpaciean, Aa? Anna fla, OueHb. A xouy NoceTiATe Myséit. MOXHO? Vipa la, KoHEYHO. ‘Aunia — Xopowsd. A Set nioGnio mya6n. Wipa —Xopow6 ... Hago kynimre OunéTet 8 Kacoe, Anna —SlagHo ... CKaXKh, ipa, B KCC MOKHO KyMHATe OTKDEMTKA? Vipa He aridio ... (ASKS at ticket office) ... Het, Henbaa. Sqece Méokeio KyniATb TONbKO OMNETH. Anna Hitsord. ipa Hy, Bor sxog.e myséit... CMoTpi, AHHa, 20H TaM Hanp&BO, Ovens crépan KapTa. ‘Ana la, Sto gelicteirrensHo mirepécHan Kapra, A Sto 470? Vipa So Suen cTépeilt AepeBANHDil cTyn. Anta — Ckaoxii, Mpa, spect MOxkHO cpoTorpadiposate? Mpa (Asks the museum attendant, ... Her, Anna, K coKanéHito B mysée HenbsA cbororpedbipopats. 2) a HY, HIHETO what a beautful place buildings yépxoes cchuret a xouy, Tet xéeule (KoTETe) | want, you want (fo want) noceritrs — tovisit A nIo6 mb (mMoGATE) wan kyniite Snnérot eB Kicse at the ticket office néqno | OK onepiirx postcards gororpadiposars to photograph | sé ils possible, one may | | enesA iS not possible, one may not xO entrance eomorpére fo look, watch Képra_map ApvcrBATenLHO really BepepsnneiA wooden cryn chair Kooxanéuinio unfortunately eee @B Mys6i The Museum Moscow is full of museums; the only pressure on the tourist is how to fit in ail the interesting sights! Konémencxoe is a myséi-sanoséguux - a museum and conservation area. itis usual for an attendant to be on duty in each room of @ museum (often an elderly person) and in all but the smallest museums vistors are expected to leave their hats and coats in the rapaepés (cloakroom) — Indeed itis considered nexymsrypHo (uncivilized) to wear one’s outdoor Clothing in public places (¢.9. theatres, restaurants) Tel x64eulb You want ‘Anna and tra have clearly become friends and now address each other as Tet. Remern! is the polite form of address and on the whole it is better to use this unless a Russian invites you to change to Tht (e.g. by saying @aBait Ha Thi). Questions 1 True or false? a Anma aymaer, 4ro wepxopb Kpacupas. b B xacce Hembsa KYIHTS OTKpSITEH, ¢ B aysee Moxuo pororpaduposars. 2 Answer the questions! a Pac nano xynnts users? b Yro oun must B Mysee? ¢ Uro Henss senate B My3ee? How do you say it? How to: ie whether something is possible or if one may do something 3nech méxno dbororpadriposan.? Buech MOxHo Kym Gunérst. 2 Ask/state whether something is impossible or if one may not do something B xacce nembs4 kymirs orkpsrrxu? B mysée nemsk hotorpadiiposare. ‘ono aaoce {aieaoduedioiog v00b wemou sostle v0 3. Ask/state whet is necessary t0 do something Hao mxmt » Kitocy? Hago xymirs 6unére 4° Express regret K conanéuno . Grammar 1 Plural nouns ve plural of masculine or feminine nouns usually ends ends in a consonant or a) or wif it Remove Add Nom. sing. Nom. pl. Masculine f yampepcurér - bi -ysutwepcnréret universities aBTONOGANS & W — aBTOMOGANH cars ‘rpanan a —Tpaneséit trams Feminine raasra a be raséret newspapers apepe ® “ apépn doors ‘eran a eran stations ‘The nominative plural of neuter noun: ending in 0) and 3 for soft nouns a for ‘hard’ nouns (i.e. those ose ending in e): Nom. sing, Remove Add Nom.pl. ‘Meaning nobus ° cena letters saanne e a pgiun buildings Lee cece Notice that the stress moves in the nominative plural of uurenaé — in many Russian nouns the stress is constant throughout the singular and plural, but there are some where itis not, On the whole itis to try to Jeam instances of where stress moves as you meet them (but sce also the note on stress patterns in Appendi Some very common nouns have irr following are the most common (a ful notice how (apart from the wo1 recognizable patterns to these plurals. The given in Appendix 1): le and children) there are ‘Singular Plural address &qpecappect | child bank, shore Séper Gepera_| person eye ras rasa, town ropon, ‘BoM Singular Plural peGéHoK atu Yeronek AN daughter pow mother ware ‘abvepnt arepn ‘There is an essential rule of spelling in Russian which itis important to lean now. There are certain letters which can never be followed by wt, 10, 5 ‘They are: KX (gutturals) 2, %, m1, mt (sibilants) After these letters: instead of ot use instead of 10 use y instead of use a ‘This rule often affects different forms of nouns and verbs and you jearnt about making the Nom. pl. mockowuit peeve, eave time ‘pews Bpenena name NR vtuond vs is that the accusative plural is exactly the same as the lural for all inanimate nouns (for animate nouns see Accusative plural ‘cubtpaT bins 2 Adjectives ‘We have already met the possessive adjective (Ui which describes to whom something belongs. describe. We have already met the following phrases whi adjectives: 2 qalvaodubbediouod ‘omcon soatieqaienedabadiood ‘owxont aoa v0 xpaciinaa apxirrextypa beaut Tumisas Keapriipa a typi ‘The famous Bomsméii tedrp includes an simply means 6i 3). The most important thing -to remember about with the noun they describe in murnb D, gender (masculine, feminine, neuter) and case (i most usual endings for adjectives in the nominative singular and plural are: 5 Verbs a Xorerb to want Xorérs (to want) dc ‘we have met so far anc not sufficient just to kno "t conform to the pattern of irregul of a very small number for w , Thr, omit forms: a oe oo aoe | Mase. sing. Fem.sing. Neut. sing. Plural sth on “08 se “Tribal “union, anno Tuniante yunaeporter —Keaprvipa Note that the plural ending is the same for all genders. The spelling rule we met in (1) above is important when dealing with the masculine singular and the plural of adjectives ~ if an adjective’s stem (ie. the masculine singular ending Ménensxuil yunsepenrér xopémme axypuiitst A small group of ‘masculine ending -oit Gomsmdit 20m Mosonéit aKTep In dictionaries and vocabularies adjectives are always given in the nominative masculine singular. good magazines d ‘stressed adjectives’, have the eg. a big house ‘a young actor 3 Kakoid Which? This is a stressed adjective and means either which 2Avhat sort of? or what al: Kaxéit umm Tat Which film do you want xéueul cmoTpets? to see? Kaxda xpaciivax uépxons! — What a beautiful church! 4 Possibility/impossibility/necessity ‘Mado, weamai and wiigo are extremely common and very useful words. They are all used with an infinitive (to do), e.g. B tedrpe nema kypiirs! No smoking in the theatre! b ShobitTe to love ThobirTe is a second conjugation verb (like roo} that it has an extra a in the a form only: (Ge. what's left when you remove -mrp) end in 6, B, M1, e.g: roréauTe 10 prepare a TOTOBIO, Th FOTORMILD, OH TOTSBHT, Mbt TOTOBHM, BBL rordeuTe, oun ToTénaT Practice 4.1 Read and answer! ‘Match the questions with the answers: 1 Tae Moxto emorpert bums? a8 ynnnepeame 2 Tne moxxo xynmrp into? bp xacce 3 Tne Moxuo cMorpety Gaster? ¢ B kunoreaTpe 4 Tre moxuo xymerp 6wers? an tearpe 4.2 Read and answer! You are trying to find your way round Kolomenskoye. Complete your part of the conversation: Ber a ‘Say excuse me, please’. Bat Ask how to get to the church. Mpoxoxnit —_Llepkoap 80H Tams, Haneso. Ber ¢ Say ‘thank you’ and ask where the museum Is. Apoxoxwnit — Mpsito, novon #anpaso. Ber Ask where you can buy tickets. Mpoxommit —_B Kacce, KoHe4HO. iodndediosod “ocean 8 | qauea v0qsiwacdadedioiod = ‘onmoat toate v0 Bet @ Say ‘thank you' and ‘goodbye’. Tpoxoxnt — Moxanylicra, fo ceMAaHMA. 4.3 Look and answer! ‘These items are from a leaflet in a hotel room. What instructions are being given? a B amiyre nema xypure! b B noctem we kyputs! If @&Gpmca means factory, what sort of factory is being advertised below? Poccua [ woKonapHan caopuKa CKA3KV_ JIECA KOH®ETBI Uecnoit opex 6 neotenom npaaune u mésanesti woKonad (3.4.4 Read, answer and listen! Here are some answers. What were the questions? The first one is ‘done for you. When you have worked through the exercise, listen to the complete dialogue on the recording. Dro Gomburoit ropoa Sto crapas MepsoBh ‘37o unrepecuniit my3eit a Kaxoii oto ropoa? b eeeecet a 3ro MantenbKoe suzanne is e ro wosas xHura f Bro Gostsmmoit OM sg 4,5 Look and answer! u Viktor is standing outside the school. Give the six instructions [3 8 (indicated by the arows) which wil enable him to get tothe Tearp. | B = A y o | | s IM | feet Haorre , nloToM . Moros . nloTOM noros 2 noroM 4.6 Read and write! ‘Answer these questions about yourself: a Kax sac sonyr? b Tae wut xusére? ¢ ne Boi paGoraere? 4 Bsr xupére B ome usn (or) » xaaprupe? e Kaxoif y sac om?/Kaxaa y sac xpaprupa? Comprehension C31 Conversation Read, listen and answer! YOnms: has just arrived in St Petersburg for a holiday and is chatting to the répansas (maid) on her floor in the hotel. fonua {Indicating the armchair next to the maid's desk) Mono? Topruian fla, noxkényiicra,soot [aueaodnbedsouob owxon 10 Fonna Fopaisnan tonws rocrivwntye? Topmmnan Y Hac 9 rocrimmye ecte KuHoTedTp. tonua Xopoub. A Gere moSnid cMoTpET> Chrous. B roctinmye u Teétp ecTh? Topwmuiaa — K coxansniio, Her. Ho y Hac ecTe AMCKOTEKA. fonna fla, wwrepécio ... HO A He OYEHE TIOGA non mysbiky. Toprusnan VM, KOHEYHO, B rocTiINNYe eCTb dYeHy xopouMit pectopai, fonna ‘Ara, A péuepoMm To MoKHO AénaTe B ropone? Topnwsan B ropoge? Hy, B fOpone ECT KOHEHO TESTPbI, KunoTedTps, pecTOpaHbs, ANCKOTOK. onus Xopou6. (Pointing to television near maid's desk) CKexiire, noxSnylicra, sAec> MOKHO CMOTpETe ‘Tenepitz0p? Topumunan fla, KoHeSHO MOXHO, tonna Xopouid ... (Moves to sit by television and takes out a cigarette.) Topawsnan — Vseiitire, specs Henbost KypirTs! névepom in the evening pHuay cownstairs awexoréxa disco wMoeK kiosk mapxa stamp non-mgasika pop music ‘renepiaop television True or false? YOmas paGoracr » Camer-Herep6ypre. B rocraHuile MOBO KyMHTb MapKH. JOmua soGut mucKOTeKH. B ropoge Hestb3 CMOTPeTS busi. B rocrmmauie Moxio eMoTpeT> TeeBM3Op. Hao Kypitb, Kora Bbt eMOTpITe TesIeBHSOp. mene oe ee 2 Reading Read the text and a What expression \swer the questions in English MOCKBA-BIAGMMUP BA zr ‘Vladimir and Suzdal? =a ‘¢ What sort of buildings are BAQMMIAP-CY3ANb factories in Viadimic? e Why is Suzdal called a weal ‘museum town"? {What else is Suzdal famous for? Moésaxa » Mocxey, Baawinup Cysaan? Kaxda xopéuias és! Tlowemy? Totomy ro Mocksé- Bramimup-Cisaam - 910 «onorée Kombu6> ~ sHdsur ‘raw m pyeckaa uovépna m pjccKas KysIsTYpa x pyocKas xpacord. Mut yaé sem, ro Mocsé — crovina Poccii, Ho Sto Ténxe, KOHéMO, Suen crépsiit pyocsuit répor. Braminap uw Ciaaaas 16xe dueuh crépue pYecxue ropoad, xpaciiasie m mcropiiyeckne. B Cisaane 1 Buamiimupe ect xpaciiesre, crépiie myséu, uépKeu, copa 1 nimaTauen. Xoni Baaniimup Svcs crapstit Tépou, TaM TAKE WAXSMATCA ABA, THe UPOUSBOT TpSxTOpH, KowmbioTepDI Mm AEnaIOT Kpactinatit xpyerém, Cfoaam, ~ $ro myséti-répon — ander Tam meTepécamie My3é1, naMaTHHEH, O¥eHs crapas, Kpacitsas apxuTeKTYpa. B CYsaane ccth Kpaciipse casi a oropéasi, Tne BEIpAILUBAIOT OrypHiht H HOMIAEPHI. orypéy (fiesting e) cucumber ‘oropéa ‘kitchen garden rdw monument nogapKa _joumey nommgép tomato noromy iro because a qalssodnpediouod ‘oroxow sate 0nponssonire to produce ‘e066p cathedral xorfi although xpyerane (m.) crystal sodimedsoa een eoee & 00 ype 2 Deautifl Fussian church LUOLD ONGLIOND &U Si YONW MOY é (3 Key phrases Can you remember bow to say the following in Russian? Listen to the recording and pract ing each phrase. a Where is it possible to buy posteards? It's not possible (one may not) smoke here. In this unit you will learn + how to ask for and give simple information about cost and availabilty + further ways of describing where thinas arejinoie oxsuoxe 0 © Dialogue ‘Anna is trying to get two tickets for the theatre and tries first at the hotel service bureau (Giop6 o6cafausannn), then at a kiosk. Anna Ckaxiire, noxanylicva, spec wOxHO saKasére ‘Ounérel 8 Teatp? Besyukat — Moxno. ‘Anna Xopoud. ¥ sac ecTb GnnéTei Ha ceréANA Ha Beep? eeywxat Her. Ho Ha cerdaHa Ha Béyep y Hac eujé .ecTb 6unérer 8 ynpx. Xorsire? Anita Cracii6o, HET, B LMPK A He XONY. Peoyumat —_Y wac ects Ounérsi B Tearp, HO TOMKO Ha SéBTPA. Xonire? Asa Cracii6o, Her. A xoMy Gunérei Ha cerdaHa Ha éuep. Aesyuka — 3xdeTe, mora MoxHO KyrHT GunéTor B Kécoe unm B KGoKe. Aunia B xvooxe? Deeyua fla, knock HaxGawTon na Yrmye, HanéB0 OT aNTéKs, HepaneKé oT CTaNIM METPO. Anna Cnacii6o. flo canganun. Aeayuat — Moxanyiicra. Anwa (At the kiosk) Cxavsitre, noxkényliora, y Bac ecTb Gunéres Ha ceropHa? AesywKa 2 — Ha kaKdit cnexTaKnb? ‘Anna Ha Ganér OKuaénb». Desyuka2 Her. Y Hac opin Ganér Ha Onepy «Kapmer™ Merbipe Gunéra Ha nbécy «Tpm cecTpsi» 4éxoBa. Anna OF, KaK xopows, A YéxoRa dueH nioGmm. CxéneKo crour Guniét Ha nbécy? Hesyuxa2 — Bécertnnecat py6nei. Anna Aéiire, noxényiiora, pa 6unéra Wa nBécy. Desywxa2 —Moxényiicra ... C Bac cto wecremecaT pyonelt, (Anna hands over a 200-rouble note.) ¥ Bac HET ménown? Ania Vapmuite, Het (Receives change and tickets.) Cacii6o Gonsude. Desyuna2 — Morxényiicra, sakaaéte 10 book, reserve Gunéret na cerépns Ha Bévep tickets for this evening ews stil a Kak6H cneKraKnt? for which show? Ha neéey «Tpn ceerps» for the play ‘The Three Sisters’ ‘eKONIKO cTOuT GANT? how much does a ticket cost? ‘écemegecar py6néh aire! ‘Apa Gunéva © pac cro wecrepectT f pyOnéh (it. from you 160 roubies) yoaae ner ménown? haven't you got any chango? GB 5i0pé o6cnyxmeanus Service bureau Most large hotels have a ‘service bureau’, where guests can book tickets for excursions and the theatre, plane and train tickets, arrange car hire and book tickets to hotel amenities such as the sauna and swimming pook. Knéex Kiosk Kiosks are a frequent feature on the streets of big oft are a convenient way of buyi maps and sweets. They u (eg. look out ‘earpanbHih if Y Bac Het méno4n? Haven't you got any change? Note that ménous (t) is small change; the Russian word for money given to the buyer as change is enéwa. Questions 1 True or false? a ABHa XoueT KyMUTE OwieT B HER. b Hemaa xymuts Gunter B Knocke. © Anna xover kynurb 48a Gunera. danois oxauox0 $0zamoxe ost 50 ny Answer the questions! a Kaxue 61ers Moto KyMITE B G1opo OGeryxHBANNA Ha ceromms Ha Besep? b Due naxommres KWOK? © CxomsKo cour Guer na mbecy’ How do you say it? How to: 1 Enquire about availability YY pac ects Gunérei? 2. Ask for tickets to places and events Y wac cons Gunérst B teéTp? Y pac ect Guséres wa énepy? 3. Ask how much something costs Cxéawxo rout 6unér? 4 Express the amount due C pac ages pybnkt 5 Express location and distance from Hanéno or Teétpa. Henasex6 or crannmm Merpo. Grammar 4 Band na + accusative: ‘to’ We already know that these two prepositions are used with the accusative case in order to express motion and direction towards: Ow waér B roctinmuy, He is going into the hotel. In this unit further very useful role for n/a + a 6naér p TedTp ‘Suér wa Onepy Notice that when a place is specified w + accusative is used, the performance or day/date is specified, wa + accusativ This use of na + accusative involves the idea of planned fo for and is very common in such phrases as: Tywant to,buy some milk for supper. a ticket to the theatre a ticket to the opera SA xouy xymirh MomOx6 wa ‘Spx. SL we snato, sro xymims Ha cdns6y. of ampic (circ I don't know what to buy for the wedding. accusative is usually used, as in or ‘at’ There is a group of words with which the preposition » is not used ‘when expressing the position in or af, words you must use ua, Here are the most common (a fuller list is given in Appendix 1): wa poKséne at the (railway) station (terminus, main ine) at the (bus/undergroundlsmatl railway) station at the post ofice at the stadium infon the square inion the street ‘atthe concert at work in the east in the west jn the north in the south wa cram Ha nouro na craqnone na nnouaan a ymnye a KoMNépTo a pagore wa sénage a césepe Ha tre 3 The genitive case Once you know this case all sorts of ps ¥ Se jes are opened up! The meaning of this case is of. For example, if you we pri This is Viktor ~ the way you do this is to put the word Viktor into the genitive case. The genitive case is also used: a after quantity words: €.g. mai6ro, a lof; exGuibxo, how many and how much; 6yréuma, a bottle b after certain prepositions: 6es, without; nas, for: 20, until before, as far as, us, from (out of); or, (away) from; ene, after; ¢ (down) from, since; the house of tanoss owuoxoqanoie oxsuoxs & Q or ¢ after numerals (after 2, 3, 4 the genitive singular is used: for straightforward nouns (ie. masculine nouns ending in a consonant, numbers 5 and above, see pages 56, 75 and 251). neuter nouns endings in -0, feminine nouns ending in -a) take the first option and all the others take the second option. din negative phrases: e.g. I haven't got .. a eee ‘The genitive case of the personal pronouns is shown in bold below: Use Example Meening st Mens OH, OHG eré ‘MBI wac Ont Wx of ro ira Bixropa, Th s Vitor book Tat Tei ond 8 pet Bac anti Ynac wnoro Garaxé! You've a lot of iuggaga! tory aminmer etapa Nottar rom me ete Note that whenever any form of on, ond, oud is used after a bropost ceca tend it preposition, then the letter u must be added; y weré (he has) ~ a ae Bea nba era I navert gota tet phrase we met in Unit 3. ¥ ueré literally means by him there is, Sco reed eerea renee eee aerate y is the preposition meaning by or at the house of an¢ always - followed by the genitive case — so if you want to say, for example, ‘The genitive singular of nouns is formed from the nominative in the Boris has a passport, all you need to do is use y with the genitive of following way: Boris: ¥ Bopitca ects. nscnopr. following ey Remove Add ‘ 7 4 Animate accusative Masculine Ae Uni peosaear as 7 we saw in Unit 3, masculine animate nouns (i.e. those that eparexd or yurmepeuTéta not far from the university 16 wecTHaquate cet ° a 2 ape 7 coms 12 qpondquars 17 comdquaTe Y MonA Her mucen 1 haven't got the leter 3 1p 8 ndcome 13 spadayat» 18 woceunqyar ve e 5 4 vertipe «9 Abort 14 wiovupnaguaTe 19 aeoaTHéquaTe wemanexd oF MDA rot far from the sea 5 nate 10 AécaTs 15 narHgayat» 20 aBsauare nénne ° 8 Hanpaeo or spain {0 the right of the bulaing Notice that there is a pattem here and that each gender of noun has two options: masculine and neuter nouns in the genitive singular hhave the same endings (a or ), while feminine nouns end in st or m; tamara oxsu0%9 SOee] oni Gunér onmé mene Practi { ee (one ticket) (one week) i ice 57 8 | ZRna has two forms ~ ana is used with masculine and neu 5.1 Read and answer! a) S| Rrit must change to ase before feminine nouns (and, like 3.and 4,7 How many times is the $ 5 genitive singular used in this sen 3| 2% always followed by the genitive singular): Y Aunt va Gutera wa imecy exona ‘tpn Ee ° 5 | g wa Onstera sane nega pa ices : 8 3 (ovo tickers) (avo weeks) (wo letters) (35.2 Read, answer and listen! § went uses of numerals is when you're dealing == Work out what question was asked for each of these answers, the important to know the genitive singular of the check your answers hy listen 8, then, | word rouble, Russia's mait it of currency: 7 aod answers by listening to the r ing. | c ews HeT nactlopra. | iS comin py6rm one rouble mwa py6s14 two roubles b Kwock naxogures Hefasexo oT cranumm MeTpo. eS Numbers above 4 are followed by the genitive plural (see Unit 7), but ¢ Timan ropoa crour necath py6xei. a as the genitive plural form of rouble is so frequently cused, it is worth E On paGoraet Ha sapoze. e ja, ovens moGmo Uexona. noting it nate pyOskit five roubles “There are 100 copecks to the rouble and it is important to know how 5.3 Read and answer! the eopeck (konéiixa) forms its genitive singular and genitive plural: ‘You like listening to music. Look at the kiosk signs below and decide ‘rpu xonéiiam three copecks mbar Konéex five copecks which one you would be most likely to visit. a 7 - : TABAK 6 CKénbKo croT? How much does it cost? [_TABAK | ‘The verb to cost, to be worth ~ eréur — is a regular second b [ Ava@wo KACcETSI | Conjugation verb, like rosopir; remember to use the 3rd person AYJIMO KACCETBI plural (they) form of the verb if you're asking the price ‘of more than’ one item: © | noTO (Cxéapxo créut 6unér? How much is a ticket? : CxémmKo eréar Guster? How much are the tickets? 5.4 Look and write! Look at the list below, then write sentences expl 7 Word order person has (/) or hasn’t (X) got. The first one is Note how flexible word order is ~ it's quite acceptable to vary the : Kro? Cobaxa Apromooun position of, say, subjects and objects in a sentence: a Oma 9 ¥ x ‘A Gens mobo Uéxona.} I really like ee 7 é Yo. ‘hekhov. A Yéxona Suen mobo. J — Chekho Gees 7 Y sae ner téso%n? } Haven't you got aY Onan corn cobaxa m Teneon, Ho y neé Her apTomo6una, ‘Ménoun y pac Het? any change?5.5 Read and answer! Which is the correct alternative? a But pnawre Buxrop/Buxropa? b Dro mbeca/mbecy Hexona. ¢ Oxa ovens sour onepa/onepy. @ ST xosy Kynuts Owner Ha mheca/mbecy. e Bor Branamup/Baaannupa. Comprehension (31 Conversation Read, listen and answer! Hungry and thirsty after a day's sightseeing, Igor visits the Oyder (snack bar in his hotel. Vrope AesyuKa Mrope DesyuiKa rope Desyuxa Wirope DesyuKa Vrope DesyuKa Wirops Besymixa Virops AesyuKca Vrope Desyuca Virops AesyuiKe Virope Desywka Virope CKaxure, noxénylicta, y Bac ecTb muHepanbHan poga? Ect, CxénbKo Tour Ofna 6yTéinKa? Agcare pyonéi. . Baiire, noxxanyiicra, ape 6yTéINKH. Toxxéanyiicra. A ewe 470? : Batre, noxényfcra, tpn 6/nioKn 1 Kyco4eK céipa. Maeno xovirre? Ta, fire, noxanyficra, Tpx népym Méona. Moxanyiicra, Sto cb? Tu... MMAVTOUKY ... ¥ BaC eCTb WOKONAA? Her, y Hac ceréqMa HeT woKonana. Ti... Haire, nooxdnyiicra, oAH6 THpORHOS. Moxanyiicra, Sto 08? Mla, cnacti6o, 6r0 BoB. CKénbKo ¢ MeHA? C pac cémeaecat py6néi. Bor ... ¢T0. ‘Ménown y Bac Het? Munjroury ... Aa ... eoTe (Gives her 70 exactly.) CnaciiGo Gonbui6e. Tloxanyicra. muopénesan som’ 6yrsinKa ‘eu to? anything else? 6ynouKa roll wycovex céipa a piece of cheese acne butter népua portion mungrouky just a moment upéxnoe 1 Vrops xover kymr a BUHO DaBOsKy pony nwa SyreKa crour 0100 py6aei —b 1000 pyGnek € 10 pyGnett B Gydere ceronus Het amacna bilioxonaya ¢ cuipa 'Y Mrops ects Meow bb HeT MeOH € TONBKO Ba pyOss sew 2 Reading Read the text and answer the questions in English a Of which country is Kiev the capital? Why is Kiev known as the mother of Russian cities? bd e a € What do Kiev’s factories produce? Kiien — cromma Yxpaimi, Sto duenn cripsiit répon, xyA6xnnK tine x64era nate urpate @ xOKK6H ‘pM vac’ vam nopa wari notigaure its time for us to g0 lets go fag, metal as thank you very much for Homep6x ‘enaciibo Gonsuiée 22 ro cbpyxréeniti cox. morning truit juice ‘Tet npepnownréews (npeAnowurért ‘410 7966? what would you lke? (Co prefer) {BB Xoxxén Hockey Football and other games played on grass are only a really practical i summer in Russia, but the climate there does favour the paying ot ice hockey; when Russians refer to hockey, itis usually this form of the game they have in mind. Yto tei! Come on now! Literally meaning that you, this is a useful way cr that you, of expressing surprise, indignation o objection in response to what someone has ponies Bei! would, of course, be required if addressing more than one person or using the polite form. Homepox Token This Is the small disc (usually metal) bearing a number, gh ber, ‘exchange for your coat at the rapaepés (see it 4. ae ‘A mo6nid/mHe HpaBurten: Expressing liking Both these phrases express liking, but mo6nid Is more int (Tove) and tends to apply in general (2. Mob uysuiky = 8 upsuren is loss intense (like) and 4 State likes and dislikes ‘6a ‘occasion (MWe Hpaewrcn STotT | ‘SA (Sues) mo6mo ... a: Al ne (S4eHs) snoGmo ... 3 ' ‘Muse (seus) Hpapurea ... q ‘ Mune ne (Sues) upaputes . Questions : °| 4 True or false? _ Grammar fe peero Auna mo6wr meiisaxn, tee ’ Tipe ne omnyaer, noeMy BOORA TOROPHT eKAK CKY'IHO!> 1 B + accusative in ‘to play (at) c Hipa— xaccupmia. t found in the construction | exy | a Onn mysee yxe aersipe vaca. used for games and sports: | BD) 6 Mpa aymacr, wo mm nopa wATH. : ‘Aware 10 think about a musical instrament, B + accusative is itional is required: "i E urpare na dpnéiire to play the flure 2 Answer the questions! urpéte wa rmrape to play the guitar a Bonoan soGur myself? i b Uro cers B Mysee? % 4 > b eaty pa moGur xapran? |. 2 ‘Has/have been ... @ ro Anna xouct nuts? In order to say we have been looking for three hours (i.e. an action which is stil going on at the moment of speaking), Russian simply ‘nute (irogular: NbIO, nbBwe ... nbIor) to drink uses the present tense and no word for for: Mut yxé TpH wacd cmMOTpHM ... i How do you say it? 3 Cnacii6o 3a + accusative Thank you for ... Ee How to: ‘This is the way to say ‘thank you’ for something: - Cnacti6o 3a -xypudn. Thank you for the magazine. 1 Enquire about preference f eos ae % Thank you for the book. Uro Tot npennosmTéeuts? : - you fe e Yro wt mpenomrdéere? 4 Dative case tate preference : : ; 2 State prefe ae | ‘The principal meaning of this case is to or for. For example, if you A wpenorarito mpi oy ee | want to say Olya gives the rickets ro Viktor, then the way to do this is Some i ' to put Viktor into the dative case: 3. Ask about likes and dislikes Tet m1o6umm crops? But mo6ure ctiopr? [subject (mom) Verb Object (acs) Indirect objec (dat) ‘TeGé mpaouren Stor myséi? Bam Hpanuroa SroT my3@ii? Ova gives the tickets to Viktor Onn Raby Guneres Bractopy8 “aueseuu ‘orexnnoutfodu i (Note that in is often hidden, because we do not alway: gives Vikior the tickets.) ‘The dative case + with the prepositions x and mo in the following ways: x Ham towards us/to our house x Fipe to Ira’s (to Ira’s house) no Yane along/down/up the street no répoay around/throughout the town no Tenesiizopy on the television + with mato (it ‘one may not), min Dative of person (€.g.) wopé inf Bonéze nopa (ts time for Volodya to g0) + idiomatically in phrases with mpdsurest (to express liking) and xéyeren (to express wanting, feeling like): Dative of (eg) person panies noun ‘Amme mpduwrea Sor Myséii_ (Anna likes this museum) Expression ‘Meaning ‘Ona peer GunéTe! Olya gives the tickets to Buxropy Viktor for Mwe Kéibe, noxényiicta Coffee for me, please K Away x Bincropy Ym going to Viktor's ro (Ona rosopitt no ‘She's talking on the ‘renecbony telephone wage etc. Mie HAgo paboratt ve got to work Te68 HenesA KypATo You mustn't smoke upfeuren Me Geb HpéBuTeR I really ike this play ara meéca xéneten Bonde xéueTes orapixar Volodya wants to rest ‘The dative singular of nouns is formed from the nominative in the following way: Masculine Spar yairene AneKcét “Blan rosopiir on ysuirenio Romeve ‘Ada Ee Gpéry xiveron organdie Her brother wants to rest “Yes,'he says to the teacher g auvaeuu oreunnoutody Gm ante wiry AneKcbo OY ges the book to" : Allee S Feminine co6axa a e a xéveron par» The dog wants to play | 78 Kayne onasr? -K One Where's he going?” : To Olas | Mepis a “ Mapu nopa mari Its time for Mariya to go ABeps » “ (On wae x asépn Ho's walking towards the door Neuter oKH6 ° On nar x ona He's walking towards ‘ the window ope IK nOpio towards the sea 7 fs saatne e © ‘On mae k oAeHMO ‘He's waking towards the building Note the dative form of the subject pronouns: a ne mt Ham TH Te66 Be Bam oH, 06 emy on wn ond on‘Sueaett oreuouliodu » (90 5 Stor This ‘Sror is a demonstrative pronoun and means ths. It has three forms jn the nominative singular (masculine, feminine and neuter) anc! one in the plural and it must agree with the word it describes (a list of case endings of $ror is given in Appendix 1): jror yaupepourér this university ra rocrifmma this hotel ro ayxduane this 8 ‘Sra Tearpst these theatres Note that the neuter form $0 is identical to the word for it isfthis issthese are. Practice 6.1 Read and answer! Choose a word/words from the list belo of to answer the question. (NB Not needed!) a Vispimutre, noxanyiicra, pot me , re MeTpO? bY wac ects macnopt? ¢ Y Mena B Homepe Texeipou He oe 3necs Moxno ororpaduposett? £ -omplete each sentence ‘words in the list are 'Y pac muoro HOGI KYPUTD. eee eee eee Garaxa Jia, not on = la, MowkHO—sHacTe paGotaere — Bopucy Jia, nor on = padoraer. (6.2 Read, answer and listen! ‘You are asking the service bureau in your hotel about museums in the city. Complete your part of the conversation; then listen to the complete conversation on the recording. Bet {a) Ask if there are any museums in the city Besyuika Konéunol ¥ Hac MH6ro. Bot (b) Ask if these museums are near the hotel BosywKa fla, Henanexd otoieaa (irom here) ecte Sonewon Mya Boi (©) Ask what there Is in the museum. Besyuxa B uysée Kpacionie Kapri! w crépan mé6enb (fumitare). Bot (d) Ask how much a ticket to the museum costs. QesywKa Avaquare py6néit But () Say ‘thank you very much. Goodbye’. Desyune Hé 2a uro, flo canaanun, 6.3 Read and answer! Put the words 8 ‘brackets in the correct form: a AL npeanownrato xoe 6e3 (40,10K0). 33 ; imme ee, c 3uaere, Bepa, (a) yxxe mopa warn. 5 Her, myseii ne oem» zanexo oT (rors). 8 e (A) oven XOyeTCA OTAEIKATS, 6.4 Look and write! Look at the pi Look me pictures and write a sentence about the preferences of a Bopne npennowuraer urpars » Tenc. ee @ » Bonona rene rwrapa © Bagwm € Coera d Sloxa xnapner 7 xoKKoi Comprehension C31 Conversation Read, listen and answer! ‘A journalist from the newspaper «Cno} it PP» is visits iv te imerviews Lena Ermakoves asudent hee, oY and >XypHanner —Sppéscrayiire, Neva. Mess soayr Bixrop. Aus ragérbi «Cnopt» Jlena Sapéscrayiire.3 sueeein ovexnnoubiedu dkyprannet — Ckaxrire mie, JTéva, pb wayudere maTeMaTiKy, aa? Jlewa ia, maremaruny. Kyptanuet Bats Hpéeuron xypo? Siena Ta, ypc oven inTepéoxbih. SKypranner Avo Bei Aénaere B cBo6GAHO® epeMA? Tiewa Hy, # cmoTpIO Tenesitaop, SHT&IO MOTO, M GHEHE mo6ni nndsare. oKypanner Bb vdcro nnésaere? Tlewa Her, He Waco, neromy uro Gaccéiim HaxéanTCn aneKo oT OMA, 2Kyprannet —Agpece, 8 yawseponTére, ecTe cnopTsan? Neva Da, ecto. Sto HeGonsuiG cnopTsdn, TAe MoxHO urpare B eoneiGon Mt GackeT6On. mareméraxa mathematics Gaceéiin swimming poo! ‘enopraan sports hall 2 Ona zywaer, 470 a xype oxen» Ky" b Kype He ovenb HnTepecust ¢ Kype He oeH» XOpoUiiUt d Kype oven muTepecustit 1 ena naywaer a pycexnit 350% b MaremaTuKy © My3BIKy d anrmaiicenii won 3 Jlena naapaer He oweHE YacTO HOTOMY, TO ay Hee Moro padoTBt bona He oven» mo6uT nmapath © off MpesMOWnTaeT UrpaTh B BOTeHOON d Gaccelist nastexo oT e& OMA 2 Reading Read the text and answer the questions in English a What sort of b the Tretyakov Art Gallery housed in? b Exactly whe ed? ¢ Who was the founder of the gallery? Why are Repin, Surikov and Ivanov popular? B Mockné naxéaurea wapéctHas TpeTbaxoncKas ranepéa. ro O¥eHb Kpaciisoc Mm THIIISHO pyecKoe gnaune, Oxo HaxOnMTes B éHTpe TOpona, HenaIeRd OT créwunn Metpd «xapenan xay © Guwrexe + pre X + rapaup foe A Cama npeanowaer wait ¢ MonoKom wnt ¢ amoHOM? B_ Ou npeanowsraer wait ¢ MosioxoM. fish garish; vegetables chips steak(burger) potato(es) 2 8 Zonttogoas oxzew o1e 80| 2 3uecs cnoGomH0? 8.3 Read and answerl ‘Match the questiot's with the answers: 1 Anna xower salt c a Hla, caanTecs, nowanyiiera. MosoKom? b Her, on mpesmountaer wsico (meat). 3. Tlaiire, noxanylicra, exér.¢ Her, ¢ HMOHOM. 4 Cama moour psy? —d Mlaiite, noxaayitera, Gyrnurgy (bottle) pana. 5 Cromxo crour canar ee Hoxanyiicra, nor on, nommuropaMn? 6 Yro pur xorure murs? — £20 pyGzeit. 8,4 Read and answer! ‘Complete the following sentences by choosing the appropriate words from the list below. (NB Choose carefully = you don’t need all of them.) BRYCHO, BKYCHLI, AOBOTEHA, TOBONMUMI, AKDHIT, 3aKAT, 3aHLATHI, OTKPEIT, Past, PATH, eROGOMHO, cOMTACeH, corsiacHa a Oli, Kak xatb, pecropan yae b Ckaxare, noxanylicta, 970 MecTO 2 ¢ Cama oven HOTOMY FO ceromms ecTb OTypuEt co eeranoil! @ Amma aywaer, "10 vee Mecra » pecropane yaxe ea, cracnGo, vat oven Korserat oven {SL aymaio, wro nano saxasaTb suo. Tot _ , Ana? 8.5 Read, look and answer! BeiGepure Gnioga ana Fann! Choose a menu for Galyal Tasa ne oven s06uT Maco, HO OHA OCH HOOT BOL H Gpyxrst, Ona He oMenb mOGUT HHT DINO, HO OHA ONeH GROGHT COK Ht Wail c JUIMOHOM. BoT Meio B pecropane eKarmmrca. i Saxyonu ccanar ¢ nowmgopanae canat wacHoi Tiopooe ‘yn c rpuaim ‘yn c Macon boyeres Hanwrri: Bio, warmnaycxoe, cox, mmnepansnan Bona, Mall, Kode enege Kaxue saxyoxn? Yro Ha neppoe? Yro xa Bropoe? ro na ciankoe? Kare nama? Bropoe ‘owner © cxpoN kornerai ¢ pricom CnagKoe opoxeHos zontiogons oxson xe B 80 Comprehension G31 Conversation Read, listen and answer! Vadim sits down at a table in a snack bar and Viktor prepares to the counter to get something tocatand dink Buxrop Bagwn Buxrop Bagwn Buxtop Baaun Buxrop Capiice, Bapiul Tau y exépa ors cBodogHiie mecré. Téano. ro Thi xovews nT, Baginn? ‘Auto sqecs ects? Hy, ecto wah, Kécbe, munepanbHan BOA... H COK. Annitea sgece Het? Hy 470 TBI, Bagitul Koné4HO Her. Tora mie Kécbe, noxényiicra. A.MTO Tol x64eU ects? Kane y Hx Gyrep6poast? C weramnéit m ¢ ceipone Qaitn 6yrep6péa c cxipou, noxanyiicra. ‘Sto Bc? Aa ... a woxonda inn cbpiicres ects? Wokonéaa, KéxeTeR, HeT, ... a anenbcitib! ect», Toraa wwe, noxényhera, Kécbe, 6yrepopoa ¢ csipoM H anensoiit,Buxtop — Bo8 nowATHo. MianyTow of sandwiches, coffee, Bequm = Hy 4To TeL, Biacrop! Ect csoGommme Mecra Baqu xower 17h y Bxoaa BHO B yray BonKy a yaume cox B Tearpe HBO ¢ momopana MopoxeHoe ¢ persHoii KOTHETEI ¢ puCOM © cuipom my 2 a bd c a Basia xouer 6yrep6pon 4 Baum xower ects a b © ¢ uxpoti (caviare) ad anemeun aege wane 2 Reading Read the text and answer the questions in English ‘a What different kinds of soup feature prominently in Russian cooking? ‘What is the main ingredient of uw? ‘What are the popular ways of serving mushrooms? ‘What particular kind of pie is recommended here? ‘What ingredients are needed for the pastry? PYcoxas xjxna - sceswipno wasécrnas. Hanpumép, corp ‘Tawie wsBécTHBIe HaNMOHAmENBIe Ost'onA, KAK IH, OME, port. Kéqa, rpu6st a eymit Toxe 3anmaétor Gosminde MécTo B pycckoM HamHondnsHOM Mew. B_ pyecKoit nannondsibHolt Kjxte ecre MAdro cyndB: Hampynép ecTe i xoNGnMBIe M Topae cymL, pxOme cyikt, cymit € niicom wt ¢ opoutinns. fn ~ ropsunii cyn; ocHopaém Komonént — Karycra. PYjcckme dyemb moGaT rpuOrl, ‘océGento TpuBE co cMETiNO! Hc HecHOKOM. Tluporit anes ... (Viktor returns with the tray Beas Sto Gyrep6péa © Toxe S4en» nonynipmst. Tupér n mupoxnii ¢ péiGoll Suen BKYoHBI; | OCHOBHEIe KoMMoHéHTE: — — pii6a Granpumép, ié KémGanst) u récTo (octosmtie KOMNOHEHTHI ~ MyKa, Macuo, aiid, com). onnnst BeemipHo napéeTHEit pasties, small pies salt pastry, dough filet of plaice cold garlic eng Gi Key phrases ‘Can you remember how to say the foll the recording and practice saying each in Russian? Listen to Is this place/seat free? please? (lit. Give, please, bill) ‘possible to order?) to dink? (lt, What do you want to drink?) Sorry about the mistake, fe ee dontfogons oison ore 80desou é LutvoxLo OXGLIOND OF ZOA28| UIEJ] BU] SCOP UBUM £3 Dialogue 99 Anna is at the railway station waiting with her fellow tourists forthe | 3 8 train to St Petersburg. Ira has come to see her off. Be Mpa (Arriving in a hurry.) Ava, Bor Tet rae! Bon Te0s rpynna |B spec? & ‘Auna fla, mvt ace épeM 8 Canir-Merepbypr. g Mpa Ckonsko coimae Bpémenn? 3 Anna — fleAnyaTs wnnyr ABeHsqyaTorO, g Wipa_——A.80 ckénibko orxbauT néean? ‘Anna Bnonnous. SHéwMt, 46pe3 COpOK Min. Mpa Ara, nonsirHo. SHéuier, sdBTpa YrpoM Tl yXé GyAeub 8 | > Canir-Netep6ypre. 6 ‘Anna fla, B come Hace. Mpa Ckonbko apeli Toi Tam 6Yqeub? Auna — Boeré tpi ara, Mpa ——Te66 Besér, Antal Cankr-Netep6ypr Tako Kpacieii rOpop, MW Bcera yAOOHO, KOHENHO, ésquTb NbesAOK. Anna — Mowewy? Mpa Moromy ro 8 dese Tennd, npMATHO. MOxHO chaTb, NuTe Halt. A duets MOG ésguT> ndesOM. A y TeOA kaK6ii Gnnér Ha néesq? B oni KoHeY, 12? ‘Auna Her, # O6paTHEIA OANGT ... BOT OH. Mpa Ard... wecr6it saréH, eTBEpTOe Kyné, ABaUaTS yerBéptoe wécTo. OT KaKOl nnaTcbépmes oTx6quT néesq? ‘Anna Or nfroli nnartb6pus. Ténoc OSeasnseron nocéaka Wa néesq Mocxed-Cankt Nerepoypr. Mpa Sunt, Te66 yoxé nopa, AHHa. Cuactameoro nyTil es rpynna the whole group si ace égem we're all going CkOALKO ceituéc BpémeHu? — what time is it row? ABsquare munfr ABenaquaToro twenty past eleven BO exénsKo? at what time? corxéaut (orxopitrs) leaves (lo leave) BMénHoue at midnight ‘uépes cépoK wunyr in forty minutes’ time 2 (POM. tomorrow morning Jn this unit you will learn pes eaceal iat aoven ocak + how to ask and tell the time ene (m. ®) day | + how to ask and answer Te 6¥qoum you will be questions about particular ‘ceré inal, only times + how to request and give information about travelin a Baréipectopén). CKépstit néeap is an express train, while 709) | ‘re66 nesér you're lucky ‘snexrpiuxa is a local electric train and a naccexhpexnit néesa is | 17 ak nth, ah aso a slow train. 3 Bg ya66no (yA66nbi#) convenient, comfortable Public transport within towns (ropogeKéit Tpéncnopr) includes Ee BS iad atacey ene buses (apr66ycbi), trams (rpampav), trolleybuses (rponnéiiGyct) “i 5 enné itis warm and, in some clties, an underground (werpé). Bust 5 : ed tickets can be bought from the driver and each 8 8 2 oni KONE way punched when it is used (Komnoctipopate, to pur 8 2 sparen unér tn tke gain entry to the metro system by inserting a token : [oer enue slot of an automatic entry barrier. It is also possible to buy a epi oro ue eet Gunér ~ an all-in-one ticket which covers transport by bus, tram, ay coer trolleybus and underground. 2 Z Seth eral weet & nocéaKa boarding bon voyage! | cevacrnnoro nyrat { Pot ova Jour! Questions 1 True or false? a Yxxe cemb acon. b Baprpa_yrpom Auna Gyner (Anna will be) B Cauxr- TletepSypre. Anna Gynet 6 Canxr-Tlerep6ypre vernipe 11s. Y Aumsr Het o6patHoro 6inera. Tloesg orxonur or natoit miatibopsts. ene 2 Answer the questions! a Bo ckombKo oTxoguT moesn? b Bo cxomsxo Auna 6ynet p Canxr-Ilerep6ypre? ¢ Yro Mpa rosopur o Cauxr-Terep6ypre? a Toxemy Mpa aymacr, 4ro soeraa ysloGHo esants moesi0M? e Kaxwe Gumerst y Aunt? @B Noesq The train ‘Accommodation on trains is usually either msirxnit (Soft) oF; KBCTKHI ie (haro); in the latter, seats may be wooden, but the mArKKit How do you say it? accommodation on long-distance trains is usually very comfortable, How to: with two or four sleeping berths in each compartment of a aes Kynéiibii Bar6H or cnanbubii BaréH (sleeper carriage); @ He nnauxéprbiit Baro has numbered reserved seats. Cxéamxo ceitide ppémen? Each carriage is looked after by a train attendant (nposopHix or 2 Ask at what time the train leaves poBoppiiya), who checks passengers’ tickets, makes sure that Bs casino Peis scat ‘each compartment has the correct supply of bedding and supplies tea to the passengers (although refreshments may also be available8 qusoou x20 eNSt7OH9 O@ 3. Tell Cem wacén, 4° Say at what time B comb sacén. 5 Request and give information about tickets Y pac ccrs oGpéraptit Ounér? Buxér » oni Konéi. Bunér wa néesa » Canxt-Tlerep6ypr. 6 Ask directions in the station Or Kaxéii maardépaar oTxéyyrr m6e311? 1 time Grammar 1 Bes rpynna The whole group All/the whole group ~ in Russian the word for all (a determinative ‘behaves rather like an adjective; in the nominative it looks ech fleH ven rpjama ‘Bee UChMG ee Typricrs all the case endings) of necb is given in (the whole day) Appendix 1 2 Instrumental case describe the instrument ommonly used when describing means rain), awré6ycom (by bus), camoaérom (by ‘plane). It is also used in time phrases, of which the following are very common: ttansport: néesi 3 Tei 6yqeun You will be Although there is no present tense of the verb to be Gutre) Russian, there is a future tense (I will be, you will be, ete.) whi as follows: 3 6yay apr 6¥nem Tat 6faeu Bot Gymere on 6Yxer ont OYnyt 4 Time In order to tell the time in Russian we need to know two sets of numbers, cardinal (the ones we have already met ~ 1, 2, 3, etc.) and ordinal (the ones which tell us the order ~ Ist, 2ni tc). The lists below show that the two sets of numerals have a lot in common, but note that the ordinals are actually adjectives: ‘Telling the time ‘on the hour’ is quite straightforward: simply state the appropriate cardinal numeral and fol ~ in the nominative singular after 1, genitive singular after 2,3, 4 and the genitive plural after five and above: CxéatsKo cefisde Hac. One o'clock. Bpéwenn? CxémsKo cetisée ‘Tpu sac. Three o'clock. spérmeut? CKéan.Ko celtic Hésars wacés. Nine o'clock. mpémens? (You will also hear Korépssit wac? as a way of asking What time is i?) Tien ations cntens en 603 itfesou svifoxto onauron® 0 60 “To tell the time on the left-hand side of the clock (je. minutes to the hour), use the word 63 (without), which is always followed by the genitive case*; 80, if to say ten 10 five what you are literally saying in Russian is without ten five: Bes aecarit nat. Bea uérpeprat Tp (nérnepte (F.) quarter). To deal with the half hour, you need the prefix noa- (half) and you attach this to the appropriate ordinal numeral; if you want to say half past five in Russian, what you literally say is half of the sixth hour, ‘which is why the ordinal numeral needs to be in the genitive case: or Tosopiua wecréro. Half past five. or Tlowopitna nectroro. Half past nine. Ten minutes to five. A quarter 10 three. Tlomueeréro Tlonnecéroro ‘You must think ahead in this way whenever you are dealing with the right-hand side of the clock (i.e. minutes past the hour): A quarter past six. Ten minutes past two. “Uerseprs cempméro. Ikcarh many tpérbero. To say am. use né-mn for the very early hours and yrpa (literally of the ‘moming); for p.m. use su (of the day) and nésepa (of the evening): Ilécars sacée yrpa (10 am.); werstpe saci sux (4 p.m), comm vacde pésepa (7 p.m); Aba acd HOw (2 a.m). Note also némens (mnidday) and néanow (midnight). ‘To answer the question At what time? the preposition is used, except in the case of minutes to the hour: Bo exémxo orxénut néeaa? B pu sacd. At three o'clock. B apAMtate xomyr Bropdro. At twenty past one. B nionopittie mecréro (or Ar half past five. nommutectéro). Bes wérpepra pu. At quarter 10 three. Note that official timetables (e.g. train timetables) often use the twenty- four hour clock, e.g, ocewmméuuiare TpiuaraTe — 18.30. (You will also hear p Korbpom wacf... as a way of asking ar whar time...2) * See Appendix 1 forthe declension of cardinal and ordinal mumbers. 5 Yépes Across “Yepes literally means across and it is always followed by the accusative case, When used with time expressions it means after time has elapsed, ¢.g.: Téean » CanxrTerep6jpr The St Petershuog sain leaves ‘ordmurr uépes cpoK MaRH/T. in forty minutes. ‘Yépes is also useful when giving information about the number of stops to be travelled: Kora sare suixonitts? When should I get off? Uépes tp octandaKu. After three stops. 6 ‘To go’ ‘The verbs meaning to-go have two forms of the present tense in Russian, The verb which means to go on foot, to walk makes its present tense from either xonirre ot writ, while ésmre or éxare must be used if you want to say to go by transport, 10 travel Consider the following: (Ona poorga x6qur 8 répon Celiac ond ugir 8 répoq ‘She always walks into town ‘She is walking into town now By transport Habitual, repeated ‘One occasion, one direction éopuTe (a ary, To Sani, — Exate (a ény, TH Egewb, On oni @aps) eayn) Fi obs Samy Ha pabbry Cerda Anna éner 8 asré6ycom Cankr-llerepoypr ‘usually go to work by bus Anna is going to St Petersburg today ‘Note that the rules of habit or one occasion/one direction apply to the use of the infinitives too, e.g. AA mpeamounraro ésgurp née30m. I prefer to travel by train (in general). ‘Mae nopét wernt wa paGdry It time for me to walk to work (now). Note that while people travel (¢samrb/éxats) on vehicles, the movement of certain vehicles is described by xonirms/wxrit — thus trains and trams, for example, walk: Tloesnd xénar Sticrpo The trains run quickly w 4dcTO. and frequently.“The other common verbs of motion ~ fo carry, to fly, to lead, to run, 10 transport — are all governed by the same principles. They all have two infinitives from which you can make the present tense and you must always decide: habit? or one occasion/one direction? (Note that some of these have an irregular present tense ~ this is indicated in brackets.) Gérarb/Gexirs (Gers, Cextimue, Gexiir, Genin, Gextire, 6ery1) fomun noir /aecri (nea, Beémp, Benet, Benet, peste, emt) to lead nosiire/nesTit (pesy, neséump, pesér, Beaént, pevére, ne397) to transport ew), neninn, serier, nevi, tofly faecy, neces, Hec8T, HecEM, to-carry nxdware/nriTe (HomIBY, nnemBEL, ADE, nomewéM, tumipere, mB) 10 swim, sail 7 _Cuactniporo nytul Have a good journey! ind are expressed in the genitive case; wish) must be followed by the ger even if the verb itself is not stated, it is always understood: (A xesxizo pam) mpusrHoro Bon appétit/Enjoy your anneritra! ‘meal! All the best! (FL wemito pam) Berd xopémiero! Practice 9.1 Read, look and answer! A. Vispimnre, noxaayiiera, cxonsxo ceitac Bpeseut? B Zpa uaca. Yersepre socemoro fo") It's quarter past seven °, /~} A Cnacu6o. Tlomernéproro 48 Bes qecarn nits B_ Tloxanyitcra. Ins half past three & It's ten to five NO Yersipe staca It's four o'clock Now look at the time and answer: Cxomsxo celiac ppemen? 9.2 Read, look and answer! Bo cxomxo oTxoaut noes? ‘Kyaa? Korga? BMocxsy am a B ommmagnar» vacop yrpa. BOGuuck 6 p.m. b B Amy 830am, © B Kuea 1130pm. Gi9.3 Read, answer and listen! ‘You are buying a train ticket. Complete your part of the conversation, then listen to the complete conversation on the recording. Bet (a) Ask how much a ticket to Yalta costs. Aopyuxa py6néi, Bet ‘Ask for two tickets to Yalta, Desyuxa Noxanyiicra. C sac 300 py6néi. Ber (©) Say ‘here is 500 roubles’. Fesyuixa Y pac Her ménoun? But (d) Apologize that you have no change. Desyuixe Huverd. Bat (@) Ask what time the train leaves. Desyuixa Yepes ac. Ber (f) Ask what platform the train leaves from. Aesyuxa Or NerBéproh nnarebopaes. 9.4 Read and answer! Look at this advertisement, on the next page, for railway travel and answer the questions. (NB You don’t need to understand all the words in the advert to be able to answer them.) cieoou g Antfoxi0 oNsiv0x9 O8 60Bopue Kak 8b) o68mHo é3quTe Ha pabory, Anna? OKENESHBIE AOPOrH Anna Sxdere, STO HeMHENKO CO KHO ioe 2KENIESHBIE AOPOFU NPEAMATAIOT: Bopue Noseny? 28 ‘8 AMR RenoBol noeapKH Anna Moron, sto GnmKaan cTanynA MeTpd AaneKd | 8 «Aim TypHcroKoro nyreweoTBHR orobna “8 @ ana tpananva depea CHE Bopue Svar, nano cagyireca Ha TpaNBaii? 5 Anna Her. Hago cagyiecs Ha cTo ABéquaTb BTOpO aBTObyc. 3 Tloesga SecnepecagouHble cnanbubie Baront Bopwc A Korgé Hago Bbixopire? 2) Granusie warowei npexpacto ‘Anna Yépes wecte ocraHi6eoK. EA pwenoco6nensi Ans ANWTeNbHEIX Bopue — Craxyya metpo aneK6 of ocranésKu aBTé6yca? 7 nyTewecrenit Anna Her. Ortya cranyma meTpé «Benseno» Heganexd. | Tipanoe cooGujenne c 24 crpanann Epponts AsHh Bopue A orryqa moxHo npoéxars 8 yeHTp? ol Anna — fa, moKHo, oS Bopuc Bes nepecégox? Anna Ba, Ges nepecénox. Bopwe — Suaur, cHavana aBré6ycou Ao MoTp6, a norm B MeTPO, Ges nepecéigox. Hy, noTém 470? >KENAEM NPVATHORW Anna — Moron goat miHyT xogb6Ei Ao MACTUTYTa NOESAKUI Bopuc Ba, enoxwo, MoésaKa wa pabéry sanuméer wnoro spémeni Anna — Hy, nateqecsT mmiyr, 4ac. Gnwxéiwnit nearest BeIxopiTs to get out nposxate to get fo at different types of journey can the railways cater for? a b f carriages are especially designed for long journeys? ‘ocran6aKa stop © tinents do the railways connect? canireon na aeréeye cama bus a is expressed at the end of the advert CROKHEIA complicated ‘onawna at frst penoséa noéspKa businoss trip xome6a walk ‘anirenieilt long, lengthy noéaqna journey vxonéanan popéra railway nyrewécrone travel sannnéte to occupy heulssncve (1 Anna xuer 2 Ansa o6srano esmur Ha craxmmno Merpo | a Hexanexo or cranmm a _pemocumenom » wre b -apromoGunem ‘i lasieno oT cranumt © anTo6ycom, Comprehension i oe Ee (31 Conversation © aneKo or cranumn i MeTpo Read, listen and answer! d= Hanpaso or cranium work in the morning. tqueen = S an¥ioxto onsox9 08 60 ee ae 2 Crannua merpo 4 Or crammunt merpo Hasexo or ocranosmn a Ama eaqutr a paGory aproGyca spamnaem Hagastexo or ocranosxa = =b Auma xogut na pa6oty apTooyea ¢ Ansa esqur xa paGoty 3a ocraHopKoil awro6yca apTomoGwiem Prom cqomom Asm d Asma esquT na padory ‘Tposieli6ycom Reading Read the text and answer the questions in English ‘What sign indicates the presence of a metro station? Why do Muscovites prefer to travel by metro? How do passengers pay for a ride on the metro? ‘What is situated in the entrance hall of a typical metro station? Beam pet mitre no Yume w BiiquTe Gompuryio Kpacryio G§xey «Mb — snésurr Sto crimma merp6, Merpé ~ oxen Guictpiil, ya66ustit a nonyzsipeatit wma ropogcxdro tpancnopra. Mocksscxuit merponomutés scemtipso uapécret i Mocamai, xax papiio, mpemmowsréior Gomme Ha merpé. A noxemY? Ont cumtitor, xT0 MOCKOECKOe MeTpS XopomId opraHHsésaHo, Hoesnd x6xT mt Grierpo mt eTo. ... Banér we mpxen — naccaxaipst TOKynaiOT 2KeTOH, ONYCKAIOT er6 B ABTOMAT H_MpOXOnET sépes Typaxér ... 1 no8! B vectuGione oGkiuHOH crass MeTpé naxéaaTex KHSCKML, THe MOxKKO KymiTS, HampmMép, ranéres, KypHAmt, OMNET B Tedtp, MopdxeHoe, ‘aBrouit automatic barrier (here) 6jxea etter (ot the alphabet) Beeru6ione (m.) entrance hall werd token kax npasuno as ale kpécusih rod Hipxen (nyrxns) necessary onycKére 10 drop, lower npoxogiite wépe3 to.go through ‘ounTér® 10 consider Typhnxér tumstile {Key phrases Can you remember how to say the following in Russian? Listen to the recording and practise saying each phrase. ‘What time is it? What ‘The train leaves How many days does the train leave? ‘What platform does the train leave from? inutes, be there for? eteoou Antfoxi0 oxauoN9 oF 60| * Ayyensn | Shepseupe/, UO "** QHhHIGQO 6 etedod Ou In this unit you will learn + how to talk about daily and weekly routine + how to ask for and give information about age + how to talk about days of the week + how to express approximation with regard to time Dialogue Ira has introduced Anna to her friend Anatoly, who works at a film studio in Moscow. Anaronuit Anna, Anatonnit Anna Anatonnit ‘Anna Amatonwit Anna Avaronuit Ania Anaronni Anna Avaronnii Anna Anaronwit Anna Anaronnit Anna Avaronwit Anna Avaronmi, ‘Ovens npnstHo, Ania. Bb paboraste yuirensHiyel, aa? Mipasna, A Kem Bes paGéraeTe? SA cyenapiicr ... 870 shduMT, HTO | MWY cyeHApin APA KnHocbinbMoe. Oi, Kak wHTepécHo! ShéwT, BI KAKAbiI AEH paGéraere 8 KuHocTiquN? Her, He Kéoxabili aan. O6biHo no noHeReNbeMKaM A paGéraio 8 KMHOCT/AMH, TO eCTh A aaHMMdioce ARMMHUCTpATHBHOH Pa6OTo — YécTO MHE Hag oTBewdTo Ha miiceMa, conéTORATECA ¢ KonNérann. NonsirHo. A no cpépan, HanpMép, 9 OSLINHO pabbTao AéMa, Fnwy cyerépinn. oma Tixo, # Mory cnoKoitHo paGovatb ... To ecTb TO Torad. Korgé Moer6 céma net Aémal A cxénbKo eusy net? Ewy weer ner. Bod nonsiTHol ... Ckarcie, a kowocryaMA aaneK6 or aoua? K comanétmo, aa. A sceraa éaxy TyAA Ha mauine. Bo ckOnbxo Bb! OGbIHO HatMHGeTe paborats? No noweqénbunka, Korg A pacéraio B KIHO- cTyam, ® BCTa noncenpMoro, sderpaKalo wt Hawnndto padéTare uacés 8 AéaaTe. A 6cnu sbi padéraere AéMa, Koraé Bb Haunidere? Toraa # HauMndio pabéTars Wacée B ceMb ... A Npepnounraio nucéT» cyeHépnn pao JTpOM. CkénbKo Wace BbI padéTaeTe KéKAbI AeHL? Tlowdere, 870 saevicwt oT paG6rer. O6kHO A PaGéTaio 4acée cen B eH. Anno sevepdm au orqbixaere, aa? Ha, ... w He TénbKo no Bexepanl B KHocTYgMn A O66IHHO COBAAIO ¢ APYSHAN, YaCA B Tp, NOTOM Mb! rTyniew 8 nape. ‘Aso bi agnaete nécne spxnria? O6smHO A CMKY AOMA. VHOrAA cnywaID p4aKo, eMorpid TeneBligop finn nT: MHTEpECHYIO KATY. 3 “= onhigo ss weltads ou 3~ aubiage w aetisds ou yirenoHaya cyenapiier anny Kanai Kanoctyaun no nowenéneunKant 68H roecte that is (a) orpexdre Ha miiceMa fo reply to letiers copéropareca ¢ (+ instr) 10 consult, get advice from colleague ‘itxo (ric) aMory ‘enoK6iino (enox6imei) Tora okénbKo omy nor? at about nine o'clock ‘early in the moming it depends on have lunch (to have lunch) em pbi paGéraere? what is your job? (it. as wham do you work?) sannnéioce ansmiNcrpaTHanoh pabéTOR / do (it. busy myself with) administrative work séoTpaKaro (séoTpaKars) I have breakfast (to have breakfast) Kro nanwcan cyeHapan ‘stor gunewa? ‘Wha wrote the script fr this fim?” Gi Russian meals: 34etpak, 066A, pxunt ‘Sastpax (breakfast) typically consists of Kawa (porridge, cooked: cereal), meat, fish or eggs of some kind ~ e.g. situnnua (fried eggs), perhaps a glass of Ketpiip (a sort of liquid, sour yoghurt), sweet buns, tea, coffee and bread (xne6) accompanies every meal, Ifthe main meal of the day is to be is a second breakfast, which bread and perhaps a sweet Kucénb (sweet fruit jelly). The main meal of the day, 06ép, is a moveable feast ~ it may be at midday, in the afternoon or in the evening; it may star off with saKyoxn, usually includes a rich soup such as wy, dish such as KoTnéTbt. Yoxwe is a lighter meal — be Grunt (pancakes) served with sour cream (om a en in the late moming there. consists of a savoury dish, jottage cheese dish ~ 0.9, ~ ouniago u welfods ou Questions 1 True or false? a Anatomnit ~ axrép. b Anna ~ yuwresbimma. ¢ To noxeyemunxam Anatosmit paboraer noma. d Anaronnit xmpér wexanexo oF KMHOCTYIHM, e Anaronmit ncraér noscex»Moro. Answer the questions! Kem paGoraer Anarommii? Yro on genaer nto cpemant? Kak on esr wa pa6ory? Kora Anaromnii mpeanourraer nucats cuewapmn? Kak on ormxaer lo pevepan? ears ND How do you say it? How to: 1. Ask for and give information about daily routine Bo cxdmpxo ei Hauundere paGérars? A obtrmo werato noncenEMOro. JI o6siHo o6éna10 Yacd » TPH.2. Ask for and give information about weekly routine Tio epénans # oBkraKo paGSra¥o AbMa. Uro pt obsrmo aémaere no TonenémbHHKaM? 3 Say how often you do something 51 oGireH0 paGSrato B KuNoCTY/ UH Ydcto mare Haz0 oTeTéTD wa TiichMa. A ncernd ésxy tymd wa MeTps. Vixorna cayuiaro paso. 4 Ask and give information about age Cxémxo emy rer? Eng utecrs 5 Say someone is not at home ‘Moeré cuitia ner n6ma. (lit. There is not of my son at home.) Grammar 1 Verbs Note that two of the verbs met in the Dialogue are common irregular verbs ~ mmcdine (fo write) and mow (to be able): medire: mous: nmny, mtwieum, miner, minem, mimere, mimyT mor}, MOxemtb, MOKeT, MéxeM, Méxere, MOryT 2 Dative case In Unit 6 we met some of the uses of the dative case and learnt how to form the dative singular of nouns. The dative plural of nouns is as follows: irrespective of gender, the endings are -ant (for nouns ending in a consonant, -a, of -0) and -aw. for all others (Which, as for other cases, will need final -p, «ii, -e removed first): typtics rist) Typticram upénurca - The tourists like stor myaéit. this museuon. yukrens (teacher) Yuurresuine x6uerea The teachers feel ommixdrs. Note that nouns that have an irregular nominative plural form their ative plural from the irregular nominative ph ‘The dative singular and plural of adjectives are also very straight forward: In the singular masculine and neuter adjectives add -omy, unless the rule about the unstressed 0 applies, in which case add -emy. Feminine singular adjectives add -oli, unless the rule about the unstressed 0 applies, in which case add -eif: x muTepécHomy Myséio towards the interesting museum no erépoti Youre along the old street x xopémemy 3x4um0 towards the nice building In the plural, irrespective of gender, add -sint, unless the stem ends in TK, X, 2K, 4 ML ML, in Which case add -ae Héaute crynéursr Héseme The new students crynéuram pastes like Russian, PYCcenit 361K. pyecxne typiicrst: Pycenum The Russian tc Tike Typlicram Hpapures the old town. crépsrit répon. ‘Note that the dative case is used when asking and giving information about one’s age: CxdamKo emey* mer? How old is he? (it. How many years to him?) Unda apaznare oin rom, Ivan is 21. Ome cépox ana réza. Olga is 42, Emy mects ner. Heis six. Onin is always followed by rox (year); zea, Tpm and sensape are followed by réaa (ce. genitive singular of rom), but note that exé:1sK0 and numbers 5 and above (but not compounds of 1, 2, 3, 4) are followed by er (which is actually the genitive plural of aéro, summer). 3 Accusative case ‘The only form of the accusative we have not yet singular adjectives ‘an interesting bool unrepécias xara: 51 wuréto mrepécnyto xaniry. AS you see, itis simply a question of changing -an to -yio. is for feminine other words, if you want to say I am reading 4 Time phrases ‘The dative and accusative cases are very useful when dealing with time phrases that involve days of the week: Note that days of the week are written with a small letter in Russian, unless at the beginning of a sentence, "See page 266 forthe dative of, 4, on, ond, on6, st, Bt, on = onnisgo ws wetfedo ou gAccusative B nowepgnbHnK (on Monday) BO BTOpHUK (on Tuesday) B cpéay {on Wednesday) B vetaépr {on Thursday) Bnéranuy (on Friday) cy666ra 8 cy666ry {on Saturday) Bockpecéine 8 BocKpecéHLe {on Sunday) Dative no nowenémbHUKaN (on Mondays) no BrOpHnKaMt (on Thursdays) fo naTHMyaM (on Fridays) rho cy66oran (on Saturdays) Ro BockpecéHsant (on Sundays) ‘The accusative is also useful in the phrase per day, per week, ete.: 7 hours a day 40 hours a week ceMb ¥acOB B eH cOpox wacdp ® Heném10 If you want to give an approximate time, simply invert the numeral and the number of hours: acon Cem eH Bo cxéabxo ner 34prpaxaete? ‘Yacén w cen, Practice 10.1 Read and answer! Look at the shopping list on the right. Make up sentences asking the assistant to show ‘you each item. ‘about 7 hours a day At what time do you have breakfast? At about seven o'clock. méneoe xpaciias pysxka uépnias 106xa (skirt) aepepamisbiit crys waTepectas KITA yccxact axypran wonast xapra a Tloxamure sane (show me), noxanylicra, xpacryto pysxy. 10.2 Look and answer! Look at these advertisements for jobs and answer the questions which follow: A EJABYKCKUM 3ABO] ABTOMOBILIEN TIPHIJIAWIAET =_ Hpenonasatencii HraAHCKOTO A3bIKa JIA O6yuenua crletiamicros no Mecty pa6o7ss Teseors anx enpapox: 2-11-00, 7-19-29 MOPAOBCKMM MEAPOPMYECKHM MHCTHTYT OBBABIAET KOHKYPC HO BaKAHTHBIM O:KHOCTAM © npenozanarencit pycexoro a3uiKa © npenozasarenelt MatewaTuxa. © npenogaszateneii aurmiicxoro a3pKa ‘Teneoust su18 cmpanox: 4-40-30, 4-60-39 3 onnrago # wetfeda ou Apurnawiéte 10 invite Apenogasérens (m.) teacher ‘Ana enpasox for information KénKype (here) vacancy AOmKHOETe (t) job, position a What sort of teachers are needed at the car factory? 1b What sort of teachers are needed at the pedagogical institute? 10.3 Read and answer! Complete this paragraph with the comect form of the verb in brackets: rope (mitre) B Mocxpe. Or (pa6orars) HepeBorHKOM H ONeHE XOpoUTO (Foxopurs) no-connago ¥ nwelveds ou Hranbancxn. Ox acto (xomuts) 8 Teatp c Ypynnami TypHCTOB, BOT HONEMy HO RevepaM OH YacTO HE (wow) oTmEIKaTS noMa. B cBoGomHoe Bpems on (mo6nrs) cmorpers TemeBHs0p 1 On wacTO firpars) B maxMatst ¢ mpysbamn. Vivorma on ICATL) MMCbMa HK NO BOCKPEceHDAM OH COBTEHO (uranare) B Gaccelive 11H (rynate) » napKe. £3 10.4 Read, listen and answer ‘You are explaining your daily routine to a friend. Complete your part of the conyersation, then listen to the complete conversation on the recording. Dpyr Bo ckéneKo pti poraére? Bai (a) Say you get up at 7am. Apyr —Kax pb ésgnre na paboty? Bor (b) Say ‘by tram’, Aipyr Bo ck6nbko abi Haunndere paborare? Bet (c) Say you start work at 9a.m. Apyr Ck6nbKo 4acée eb pabétaete KaKabii ACHE? Bei (4) Say about nine hours. 10.5 Read and answer! tions about yourself: a Dae abt oxnnere? 1b Bor xnpére » nome wm » xeaprupe? ¢ Kem ast paGoraere? ad Ckomxo nam set? ¢ Bo cxomxo per oGsruHo BcTaére Ho yrpam? f g h i i ‘Kak Bb esque Ha pa6ory? Bo cxomxo nat Haymnaete paSorars? Bo ckompxo nut oGemaere? ro wet oGsro AenaeTe No Besepan? ro Bh oGkiMHO jeAeTe NO cyO6oTAM H THO ROcKPeCeHAN? Comprehension €31 Conversation Read, listen and answer! ‘A journalist interviews a waiter from the restaurant ‘Kalinka’, 2Kypranuer Ocpaynart >kypHanwer Ocbnynanr >Kypranwer Odbnynant >KypHanner Ocbnynanr okKypranucr Ocbuynanr oKypranuer Ochuywanr >kypranuer Ocbnynantt >kypHanner Ocbaynant >Kypranncr Ocpayware 1 Baguuy 2 Pa6ora Banuma a pagar wecTs set cera mrrepectaa b rpumars usr» net b scerma cxyutias © mBaMaTS BoceMb eT —-«e—_acTo mnrTepecas 4 rpnaaTs nocen» ster 4 wiorga mrrepecuaa 3° Banna mo6ur, xoras 4 Tlocne pa6ors: Banu pecropane a wer Typsicron & urpaer 9 maxsarst b auramiicxue Typncrat b muapaer B Gacceiine © MTaNBaHCKie TypucTt =e TynaeT B nape @xypuamers @ sioxarres enare SppésctByitre. Kak Bac sont? Mens oByT Bani, Bagi, cxGrtoxo eam ner? Mue apéauate Bécenb ner. Vi oxénexo net abi padéracte odiynéttrou? Voxé wecte ner. V1 870 mrepécran pabéra? Vi fa, W HeT! Vivoraa 6uolb cKjunan, a Monga wutepéctan. Bot Hanpumép, Korga y Hac B pecTopave anrnificKne TypCTot Tovems? Tlotomy, 70 8 HeHOxKo rosopio no-anrnitoKc, Cxénako Yacds 8 eH Bbi pabétacre? Yacés péeare. Hawnnaio B ea vaca gna, a6STai HHOrAd AO OpMMHARUATH, a MHOrAa MAO RonyHoun, Bal Aanex6 >Kus6Te oT pecropéna? He 64ert aanexd. Kak bi é3qnre Ha pabory? Ha tpamade. ro Bit aénaere nécne paSorer? Tloxyoo cnare! ... Bead pa6éra konuderca ueHb néspHo!2 Reading Key phrases 123] Read the text and answer the questions in E: ‘Can you remember how to say the following in Russian? Listen to a What sor of activities make up ‘cultural leisure’? the recording and practise saying each phrase. : b What choice of newspapers and magazines do Russians have? ee el : © How do newspapers and magazines cater for leisure? See nae ia 4 Where do Russians play chess? eae cea eve ane ats 2 7 Iways travel by metro. | € In which countries is chess taught in school @ How ddisbe? e Kax mpoxdsurr aut oGkivetit stews? CROnbKO vacde y Bac © What time do you start work? : yxénu ma a) paGéry? 6) nomdmmoro pabéry? ») saisrict 8 ut, Kun, Tedrp, wre, cHOpT, TypiaM ...) K conanénito, Suen sdsr0 apémern yxOMAT Ha KYBTYpstit nocir! Ho xormi spéma ect, pYeckue duer mobaT ward — y mix sandxectno ploHsix rasér 1 axypudiToR. Varrepécuo, wro Suen» wdicro B rasérax W okypHATAX ect ‘raniie pasnémi KaK, Hanpunép, ««xpoccsdpaci, YoMop, idxeaToby ~ TO ect passé, pAccuitTaHUKIe Ha '«s0C{T>. PYocane, xonéaso, duem moGaT mdxMaror ... ont urpdor B uixMarrhl Beans — u OMA, HB MipKe, Ake B LIKOLI ... 5 RUM HOM MXMaTs Mpenogaiores B mKésax CHT, Tepmdnun, Kandyus, Méxcuxn, pdamum 1 CHLA. PYccxne waxmaniicrst BoemipHo waRécTae, HaNpUMép nce 3TdI0T ines at dhasimo Anaréams Kapnona, . axe-vesamdna atpa. L 0 «Chan seané everywhere 3 Hiua Aun nowadays AaKe even ‘Roméwwan pab6ra housework ocr leisure santirue — setvly, occupation KpocesépA crossword mano (+ gen.) litle séseay (+ instr) otwoon tang works nwéxecteo multitude ‘O6shei usual poxoiire fo pass pasagn section pésiihctferent, various Pacowrannit wa intended for Cua USA Tenenepepiva television programme yxopitre (here) to be spentJayyeam ay} UO spUedan 1 iavoJ0Uu LO LNDNEPE OLE In this unit you will fearn + how to talk about future actions and intentions + how to give and seek information about the weather ‘Sasha is trying to persuade Ira to come mushroom picking in the country with him on his day off, Cama Mpa Cama Mpa Cawa Mpa Cawa Mpa ‘Cawa Mpa ipa, Kaxie y TOGA nnéibl Ha s4eTpa? Ha séetpa? Ba, 40 Tot 6Y/pewe Aénars sderpa? Séerpa a Gjay ceo6oqHa, A noliay no marasHnan Bowe Xopowi6! 3aetpa y met BuxogHOi aeHe. Handi nogqen ‘34 ropoa! Chywai, Cawa, my wewi 6ypeT récteA, axrniiicKan nogpyra, AHA. Tem njsuiel B necy 6YneT OueH’ npwsTHO ... sHéew, TAM Aa... Ho onjwai, Céuia ... une KaxeTon, OT noropkl. KaKaa ceréqHA noréaa? — XOnOgHO, MABT AOKAE. COGNpATE rpubEs B TAKjYo Norony Ho G4oH» (Thoughttuty, Mpornés orp no papHo? ... Cenc? ... Her? ... Hy, AaBai nocnjulae nporHés noréabi ceréaHn BéYepoM — éonu 6yqeT xopowml nporHés, Torga NogpeNs 26 ropoa! Tigao, écnn yar Tennd m AOxAA He OYpeT, nospen. Xopowo. A nosso Tebé cerdaHA BéYepoM wAcOB B s6cem. Ecnn Oyget xopowian noropa, noégem Ha aBTébyce 8 Aepésnto. B Kaxyio Aepésnio? B Tapakanonny, na? fia. Heganexd orryaa Gonewoi, Kpaciouii nec. Taw Boerna Macca rpn668. Hy, écnu w noégen, rae sorpétumca? Tlo-ubemy, Ania He sHAeT, re OcTaHéBKa apTé6yca ... HO ond suder, rae créHya MeTpO «Benseaom, Aa? Aymaio, na. Xopowid, BcTpéTHca B MeTpS, NocepeaitHe nnaTépmes, |. C@FOAKA Noréqa ANoxéa. A KorAd B cemb uacés. Aprosopiinnce. Te! nosBoHAw He —ceréanA ‘BéepoM, NOTOM A NosBoU AHO M BCS OOLACHIO el, Hy, 8c8! flo cképoro! Hh rtoiou so menace oie ivnifosou 10 wwonaee ox 3S i sinonay no warastnam Ii! do the shopping (goto the shops) BRIXOAHOH AeH» day off apa nogaem e's go ‘36 ropop, into the county roeTua (female) guest noapyra (female) friend ‘rem nye 50 much the bettor noréqa weather xénopHo itis cold owe (m) wait its raining BaKjio noréay in such weather ‘cobupate 0 gather, collect weather forecast ‘on the radio let’ listen then, in that case ring you itwe do go village; countryside mass rae eerpérmcn? where shalf we meet each other? nocepepiine nnarcbépmst in the middle ofthe platform ‘RoroBopannce oGuacHIS (Bi rpu6ei Mushrooms ‘We saw in Unit 8 that mushrooms are an important part of Russian cuisine; collecting mushrooms is a favourite weekend pastime for town dwellers, who dry, salt or pickle their mushrooms for later use in a variety of dax¥exu, soups and main dishes. Metpé Metro As well as being a very convenient means of transport within lange towns, the metto also provides a very convenient meeting place (especially in uncertain weather). Because many stations have various entrances and exits, nocepemime naaipopam: (in the middle of the platform) is usually a sensible place to arrange to meet. Questions 1 True or false? a Saprpa Cama xouer citer nec nes oma. b Cerogua norona xopommas. ¢ Hipa ne xover co6upans rpu6si, ecnm 6yaer xon0aK0. d Ecau norona Gyser xopomas, oH Moeayt 3a ropox B onmumazaTs wacop. 2 Answer the questions! a Tlovemy Caza nymaer, 410 B aecy Gyner mpnstHo? b Kax on noeayr 3a ropox? ¢ Tne onm scrpersres? 4 Bo ckonbxo omu perpersren? Hh re.00 sooner oi How do you say it? How to: 1. Ask about future actions and intentions Kaxiie y Te6a/sac nndint na s4erpa? Yro TH 6yzeum aénatb sésrpa? Uro sur Gynere agate sdetpa? 2 Talk about future actions and intentions 3éwxpa a Gyay coo6éana. 34eTpa @ noiiay no Marastinam. 3aprpa Mat noénem 34 ropon., 3 Ask about the weather Kaxds cerégua moréqa? Kaxas 34erpa 6§ner moréza? 4 Give information about the weather Cordéqna xénogHo m user nox. 3éerpa G¥aer Ten, Grammar 1 Talking about the weather Answers to the question Kaxéa ceréjmx noréaa? fell into four different categories:‘rbfosou io avonaee ose ih a those which use the verb manit— rain, snow and hail all walk: uxér 20K it’s raining wer creer it's snowing nner pax its hailing 1b those which use verbs specific to the kind of weather ~ the sun. shines, the wind blows: ceétat cOmmne the sun is shining ayer pérep the wind is blowing © those which use an adverb — it’s cold, chilly, warm, hot, ete. xén0280 it's cold —>xapKo mpoxadano chilly yuo ‘rennd it’s warm NB If you actually state the word weather you must use an adjective {not an adverb) and make it agree with moréma: Ceréaua noréza xépkas. The weather's hot today. Cordis xApKo. It’s hot today. those which just state a noun — fog, a blizzard: nécmypHo Ceréqna TyMan. It’s foggy today. 3aurpa Gye Merénp. There will be a blizzard tomorrow. 2 The future tense There are two Kinds of future tense in Russian; one is used to describe actions in the future which are incomplete, unspecific, repeated, or continuing, e.g.: When you are in Moscow Iwill rng you every day o Tomorrow I will write some letters, do some gardening and watch some television. ‘The second form of the future is used for actions which are specific, single, completed, ¢.g.: I will ring you tomorrow at four o'clock or T will write to Vanya tomorrow and watch the news at nine. The first kind of future tense is sometimes called the compound future, because it is made up of two elements: the future tense of the verb to be, which we met in Unit 9, and something called the imperfective infinitive. In Russian, verbs usually have two infinitives (ic. the to do part of the verb). One is called the impertective and the other the perfective. The present tense is made from the imperfective in eomaro, Tat cxjuraeu etc. compound (or imperfective) 9 6Yay cnyurars, future: eg: A 6¥ay omjmars paso Késsmsit Bévep. Iwill listen to the radio every evening. ‘The second kind of future tense is made in exactly the same way as the present tense, except that it is formed from the perfective infinitive: perfective perfective ege A a ocarjusate (to listen 10) a nlocmyauaro car MpOrHSS HordmK B MeCTS WacéB. isten to the weather forecast at six o'clock. It is important from now on always to learn both infinitives for each verb and they are usually written like this in dictionaries and vocabularies: cajmars/nocajmars (ie. imperfective second) wumber of verbs have a perfective infinitive which looks e the imperfective infinitive, except that it has some sort of mus, enfmlaT has the perfective nocafmars. Here are some more examples: perfective piiners/ypiiners to see aénats/enénar 10 do, make Ssnowirs/noaRonire to ring mucérs/HamicéT 10 write o6énats /nooSsnaT» 10 have lunch emorpérs/nocmorpérs 10 watch, look at ‘Sometimes the spelling of a verb is changed slightly by the addition of a prefix: urpare/esirpams (to play). Sometimes it is not the beginning but the ending of a verb which changes: BerpeNdrbcs/scrpérHTbea nonysar6/nomysire oGbacuiTs /oGBacHITE to meet one another 10 receive to explain Jn the examples above, the imperfective infinitive is first conjugation ike writs) and the perfective is second conjugation (like Fopopiire) ~ this is often the case where the imperfective and perfective infinitives differ in the way they end. NB Note especially the verb to buy, whose infinitives differ both at the beginning and at the end — noxynéins /icynin Lh rics sonoma ieg LH] rtciou io ane ave Sometimes a verb has only one infinitive, e.g.: Gurre (to be); and occasionally there is little or no resemblance between the imperfective and perfective: rosopirs/exasér» (to say, tell); sosmpamdrees/sepnfrees (10 return). ‘The verbs we met in Unit 9 which have two forms of the present tense have two imperfective infinitives, but only one perfective infinitive, $$$ Imperfectives Perfective xopirelngri noir éaquro/éxare nosxa Gératb/Gexdrs noserKaTs Note that aandiifre} (Jer's) is always followed by the perfective future: Tlanaiire nogqem 34 ropon. Remember that the future tense of Gurrs is needed if you want to use, Let's go into the country. say Méatno, nino, wem34 or nopd in a future sense, e.g. 3éerpa Mare Hax0 GYaer paSérate. Tomorrow I will have 10 work, Note too that, just as uet + genitive is used to express do not have any, we 6Yaer is used to express will not have any: 'Y meni me 6jaer spémenn. T won't have any time, Usually itis quite clear when you need fo use the future tense — will is the clearest indicator and there are often other clues as well (tomorrow, next week, etc.). However, English sometimes implies the future tense, but doesn’t use it, e-g. When you are in Moscow, I will ring you every day. In Russian the future tense must be used whenever it is implied: Kora Tot 6jneum » Mocksé, When you are (i 4 O¥ay spouitre tebe in Moscow, doko JOR, ring you 3 3BoHitTb/nOsBOHATb To telephone This verb means to ring, to telephone. If you are ringing someone remember to use the dative case for the person: A nosponto Te6é cerdanisx névepom. Mpa nossouit Anne s4ptpa. Ira If you're ringing a place, use m + accusative: Ou nosBomitr p Gosainy. He'll ring the hospital ring you this evening. ring Anna tomorrow. 4 WgrTh To walk, go on foot Note that as well as being used when talking about rain, snow and hail, this verb is also used to describe what's on, e.g. Uro waét B Bosbui6m tearpe? What's on at the Bolshoi? 5 34 ropog Into the country means beyond the town — here the preposition 3a id) which is normally used with the instrumental case, case to express motion; in the country is instrumental case). ‘The principal meaning of w is and, but it is also used to give extra emphi such occasions it can be transiated by English emphatic terms, such as do, indeed, even, e.g. bem w nogieM if we do go. Practice 11.1 Read and answer! ‘Choose the correct form of the future tense: a Koraa ona 6yzer 8 Amepmke, oa wacto Gyner unpaTs/ cuirpacr p Teta. b Baprpa x Gyny macaTs/uammy mesmo Buxtopy. ¢ A pcerna Oyay xenarb/cenato noKyms B yusBepcaMe. d 51 Gyay svonu7L/nospomo Bam 3aBTpa B MATS YacOR. ¢ Kora on Gyayr B Mockse, onm wacto Oynyt o6enaTs/ noobenaior 8 pecropane AOGPHIH good, kind = 23.00 Kousypest a Cpena ~ 30 mas Uernepr ~ 31 maa 1 Bey66ory Jena xover 2° Muma aymaer, 410 y 18.00 «My2nixammstit xtocr» 1845 Ounee — aera Mapmnt 20.00 Mynnssmene (cartoon) 19.15 Xoxxeit a cugers noma. awe Oyster crysno 21.00 Hooocrn 21.00 Honocrs b_noexats 3a ropox b Gyxer cxysno 2205 ero, te, rorma?> 22.00 eMysusxamunit renepou € esas noxyme € Syner mrepectio a i 7 d ryaarp B napke dQ Gyner mparrro 3° Y mux Guxers: 4 Korna Mima xaranner z THCbMO Mame? Comprehension a a onepy an ey66ory nocne obeza : bo ua dum bp pocxpecense yrpom £21 Conversation |e Ha GaneT © B BOCKpeceHbe Tlocne o6ena. Read, listen and answer! dna mecy db pockpecense Bevepom Misha and Lena are trying to agree about how to spend the weekend, Mma ro wer 6fem aénare 8 oy666ry? G2 Reading Treva Kar, 0? Mi noénem 8 ropon, Benb Ham Mago CAénaT> Read and listen to the text and answer the questions in Mawa Of KeK cxHol Ke sry 6) anal re Sopouam notbe ta Ho xosooe NOSE ce noes” | How much rain will here be inthe Crimea this week? eae. b What news is there for swimmers? Jlena bees rurale B cy656ry BeNepom mei noggem B © Will it be colder in Moscow or St Petersburg during the night 1% vn t nding to forecast A? Miwa — Mpaeqa? (Sighs.) Oi, Kak cKyMHO! awn is : eae ‘Which is the only place in forecast A to be unaffected by rain? Alera bode ‘Tel! Mapa O4eHb Qo6ppiii, MHTepécHEI © Whereis there a risk of fire? a “ f Where will there be snow according to forecast B? Monua Torna sro wel Giaem AénaTe 8 BocKpecéHEe? & Which place will be affected by strong wind according to Siena Béuepom mui noéqeu 8 TéaTp: y Hac GunéTel Ha nbécy. Mumia A quem uo Ojaeu aénare? Sleka To Tet xo4oule agnare? forecast 5?A B Kppimg » wawine nenéau 6e3 ockakon, HéwsIo 12-17 rpdatycos rensi, suHém 22-27. B aanbuéiiaes xparkospésten- bie zoxsit, Tpé3Ki, HOHDIO 9-14," mute 18-24 “rpaayca. ‘Tewmeparypa noaét y Geperés Kpsiva 16-18 rpazycos. B Canxr-Herep6ypre B o7- némstbie js KpaTkoRpéMext- Hue noma, udu 4-9, HM J} rvewcu so wonacs oe 8 12 rpéaycos rend pos KpaTKospémennbie AOmKAM wecréuen B B Apxéuremexe 3 nandne neném Temmeparjpa He 6§aer 2-6 rpaaycos Mopésa. Ha socréxe Yxpasirmt 2-7, Mecrém 9 rpaycos mopés2. Cher a erém na césepe Ypana. Léa or 1-6 0 7-12 rpaaycos mopésa. B Canxr-Tlerep6jpre s nase weném ocdaxn; mim 1-5 B Mocxse 1 Tlonmocxéuse née 3-7 rpdycos mopésa. Key phrases Can you remember how to say the following in Russian? Listen to the recording and practise saying each phrase. oneee I will ring you tomorrow evening ‘Where shall we meet? 3 g [eon 10 monaes oxKaK6it HOMep Bit naGpinn? — what number did you dial? S70 Ho ToT isnot the right one Aérexnii mup — Chidren’s Word (name ofa store) logue {139 to ring Ira from call box to thank her forthe wip into | ith Sasha, but she has some trouble getting through... | & Anné Vipa, to TH? 8 A? ... Kakoi HoMep Bb! HaGparu? 8 28-59-56. again) ... Ans. Maraaiin «/\érckuit mvp», Cryuaio Bac. Visenmutire. Onsite He Tyqa nondna! (Dials again) . Anné, Mpa gowa? J Mpa Ko 810 rosoprin? nD AnHa Tosopitr Anna ... Axua pane. Vipa Ana, npnaét! Orxjga Tel anon? Ama Fe asTouére. Upa, # Suet xo Te6A noGnarogapire 3a Hauy noéagiy 24 ropoat Mpa VinrepécHo Oxino, Aa? =. Arma la, BoB 66ino Suen nrepécro! CnaciiGo Goneuwée! a S Vipa Hy, To Tes, Asia, Han TOxKe Oxino OueH NDHATHO. = Avia Cant Care, noxésnylicta, To noéaqKa He OueHe oO noxpasmnace, oS Upa ObasétenbHo ckaxy. OH 6ygeT OueHs pag ... Anna, y 2 mens aga Gunéra 8 Bonbwok tedtp Ha nlocnesderpa. o> Tet x6siouts nofiri co mH6it Ha Cnepy? > ii AuHa —— KOHé4HO, OueHE xouy! ° Mpa Xopows, yevianucs nocneséstpa Ha Onepe @ Bonsuiow 3 D redtpe, aa? o ‘Ana Kak xopouid! 2 oO Vpa Botpérmea y exéga 8 Teérp, noncepsMéro. oxstHo? Anna fla, 808 noniiTHo. Euyé pas cnach6o! flo cx6poro. 2 Vipa Booré qésporo, Anna. fjo cangainn. a) : In this unit you will learn irre sory, forgive me + how to hold a conversation {ve got the wrong number ‘on the telephone (how to 2 wwe? where are you ringing from? Identity yourself, ask forthe é ereting wa ay person you want to speak to Pecbchprhane and how to deal with wrong oe cay ater acon numbers) t + how to talk about past events and actions bez & ganiol/ ed GnaropapittwnoSnaropapits (3a + accusative) to thank (for) noéaqKa Mie SoHE NOHPABKNAcE | really enjoyed the excursion ‘oGaadrenbHo cKaMy 11 fell hin without fail It be sure to tell him BR Tenecbou Telephone ‘When answering the telephone, it is usual to say Anné. Cnywaro sac ‘or Ko Sto ropopitr? If you are ringing a person’s home telephone number you can ask for the person you want to speak to by asking i they are at home (Apia noua); in more formals say MéxHo Mpitty Huxonaesny k renecpory? (i call) Irina Wikolaevna to the telephone?) Huondesny k Tenecpony, nowKanyiicra (ji the telephone please). To identify yourself say © just Topopsr .. FoBOPAT ... oF 5 if someone asks for you and you want to say speaking, simply say Sto so fly Tenecbéna. When you are deating with wrong numbers, use Sto He Tor (lt. ft is not that one/that number). Bei He TyAé nonénu (it. You have tured up not to there) or Boi HenpasuneHo HaGpann HOMep (it. You have called wrongly). Note that the Russian for mobile phone is either Growl Tenecbon OF MOGANBHBIA Tenedon. Questions True or false? 1 a Ava He tyma nonana asa pasa b Amma. soommr x3 roctamnpi. e a Tlocnesasrpa Ansa n Vipa noiiayr p KuHoTearp. Armia n ipa ncrperares lonicenMoro. 2 Answer the questions! a Ania xover nosponmTs p Marasit «JfercKnit Maaps? b Kax Anne noxpapunacs noesmxa 3a ropon? © Koraa Mpa n Ania onars yonaaren? Te om nerperstes? How do you say it? How to: 1 Identify yourself on the telephone (C smu) rosopit pina Huxondesna. Tosopitr Anna, 310 #. Sy Tenehona. 2° Answer the telephone And. Caryutato sac. Kro $ro ronopiit? 3° Deal with wrong numbers ‘Sto ue Tor. But He Tya4 mond. ‘Bui nenpasuseuo wa6pasm HOMep. 4 Talk about past events and actions Boé 6ti10 SueHs warrepécuo. Tloésaxa Mue Guenb noHpéswiac. Ham réxe dueub noupasniocs. Grammar 1 Bnarogapite/no6narogapite to thank Note that this verb is followed by sa + accusative: Gtaronapi Tet 3a aKcKypemo, Note also Cuaci6o 3a + accusative (Cnaci6o 3a noipox, thank you for the present) and nnarimme/sannarirre 3a + accusative (to pay for). 2 Past tense In English we have various forms of the past tense: Twas reading, used to read, Thave read, I read, I had read In Russian there are only two forms of the past tense; one is made from the imperfective infinitive (or imperfective aspect) and the other from. the perfective infinitive (or perfective aspect). ‘The imperfective past tense is used for actions which are repeated, continuing or incomplete: z gent edly