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08 - Advanced Explicit Cursor Concepts

Pl Sql lesson 8

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44 views14 pages

08 - Advanced Explicit Cursor Concepts

Pl Sql lesson 8

Uploaded by

Shamsedin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Advanced Computing Training School (ACTS)

Advanced Computing for Human Advancement

Advanced Explicit Cursor


Concepts
- Jayendra Khatod

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Advanced Computing Training School (ACTS)


Advanced Computing for Human Advancement

Objectives

Cursors with Parameters


The FOR UPDATE Clause
The WHERE CURRENT OF Clause
Cursors with Sub-queries
REF cursors

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Advanced Computing Training School (ACTS)


Advanced Computing for Human Advancement

Cursors with Parameters


Syntax
CURSOR cursor_name
[(parameter_name datatype, ...)]
IS
select_statement;

Pass parameter values to a cursor when


the cursor is opened and the query is
executed.
Open an explicit cursor several times
with a different active set each time.
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Advanced Computing for Human Advancement

Cursors with Parameters


Pass the department number and job title to the
WHERE clause.
Example
DECLARE
CURSOR emp_cursor
(p_deptno NUMBER, p_job VARCHAR2) IS
SELECTempno, ename
FROM emp
WHERE deptno = p_deptno
AND job = p_job;
BEGIN
OPEN emp_cursor(10, 'CLERK');
...
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Advanced Computing for Human Advancement

The FOR UPDATE Clause


Syntax
SELECT
...
FROM
...
FOR UPDATE [OF column_reference][NOWAIT];

Explicit locking lets you deny access


for the duration of a transaction.
Lock the rows before the update or
delete.

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Advanced Computing for Human Advancement

The FOR UPDATE Clause


Retrieve the employees who work in department
30.
Example
DECLARE
CURSOR emp_cursor IS
SELECT empno, ename, sal
FROM
emp
WHERE deptno = 30
FOR UPDATE OF sal NOWAIT;

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Advanced Computing for Human Advancement

The WHERE CURRENT OF Clause


Syntax
WHERE CURRENT OF cursor ;

Use cursors to update or delete the


current row.
Include the FOR UPDATE clause in the
cursor query to lock the rows first.
Use the WHERE CURRENT OF clause to
reference the current row from an
explicit cursor.
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Advanced Computing for Human Advancement

The WHERE CURRENT OF Clause


Example
DECLARE
CURSOR sal_cursor IS
SELECT sal FROM emp
WHERE deptno = 30
FOR UPDATE OF sal NOWAIT;
BEGIN
FOR emp_record IN sal_cursor LOOP
UPDATEemp
SET
sal = emp_record.sal * 1.10
WHERE CURRENT OF sal_cursor;
END LOOP;
COMMIT;
END;
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Advanced Computing Training School (ACTS)


Advanced Computing for Human Advancement

Cursors with Subqueries


Example
DECLARE
CURSOR my_cursor IS
SELECT t1.deptno, t1.dname, t2.STAFF
FROM
dept t1,(SELECT deptno,
count(*) STAFF
FROM
emp
GROUP BY deptno) t2
WHERE t1.deptno = t2.deptno
AND
t2.STAFF >= 5;
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Advanced Computing for Human Advancement

Defining REF CURSOR Types


Define a REF CURSOR type.
Define a REF CURSOR type
TYPE ref_type_name IS REF CURSOR
[RETURN return_type];
Declare a cursor variable of that type.

ref_cv ref_type_name;

Example:

DECLARE
TYPE DeptCurTyp IS REF CURSOR RETURN
departments%ROWTYPE;
dept_cv DeptCurTyp;
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Using the OPEN-FOR, FETCH, and CLOSE Statements


The OPEN-FOR statement associates a cursor
variable with a multirow query, executes the
query, identifies the result set, and positions the
cursor to point to the first row of the result set.
The FETCH statement returns a row from the result
set of a multirow query, assigns the values of
select-list items to corresponding variables or
fields in the INTO clause, increments the count
kept by %ROWCOUNT, and advances the cursor to
the next row.
The CLOSE statement disables a cursor variable.
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An Example of Fetching
DECLARE
TYPE EmpCurTyp IS REF CURSOR;
emp_cv EmpCurTyp;
emp_rec emp%ROWTYPE;
sql_stmt VARCHAR2(200);
my_job VARCHAR2(10) := 'SA_REP';
BEGIN
sql_stmt := 'SELECT * FROM emp
WHERE job_id IN (:j,:x)';
OPEN emp_cv FOR sql_stmt USING my_job, 'AD_VP';
LOOP
FETCH emp_cv INTO emp_rec;
EXIT WHEN emp_cv%NOTFOUND;
dbms_output.put_line (emp_rec.job_id ||' '||
emp_rec.employee_id ||' '||emp_rec.last_name);
END LOOP;
CLOSE emp_cv;
END;
/
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Summary
You can return different active sets using
cursors with parameters.
You can define cursors with sub-queries
and correlated sub-queries.
You can manipulate explicit cursors with
commands:
FOR UPDATE Clause
WHERE CURRENT OF Clause
REF Cursors

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Thank You !

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