NCCI: Elastic Critical Moment For Lateral Torsional Buckling
NCCI: Elastic Critical Moment For Lateral Torsional Buckling
NCCI: Elastic Critical Moment For Lateral Torsional Buckling
Contents
1.
General
2.
3.
C1 and C2 factors
4.
References
12
Page 1
1.
General
For doubly symmetric cross-sections, the elastic critical moment Mcr may be calculated by the
method given in paragraph 2.
For cases not covered by the method given in paragraph 2, the elastic critical moment may be
determined by a buckling analysis of the beam provided that the calculation accounts for all
the parameters liable to affect the value of Mcr :
geometry of the cross-section
warping rigidity
position of the transverse loading with regard to the shear centre
restraint conditions
The LTBeam software is specific software for the calculation of the critical moment Mcr. It
may be downloaded free of charge from the following web site:
http://www.cticm.com
2.
The method given hereafter only applies to uniform straight members for which the crosssection is symmetric about the bending plane.
The conditions of restraint at each end are at least :
restrained against lateral movement
restrained against rotation about the longitudinal axis
The elastic critical moment may be calculated from the following formula derived from the
buckling theory :
(kL )2 GI t + (C z )2 C z
+
2 g
2 g
2 EI z
k w I z
2 EI z k I w
2
M cr = C1
(kL )2
(1)
where
E
Iz
It
Iw
is the distance between the point of load application and the shear centre.
Note : for doubly symmetric sections, the shear centre coincides with the centroid.
C1 and C2 are coefficients depending on the loading and end restraint conditions (see 3).
The factor k refers to end rotation on plan. It is analogous to the ratio of the buckling length to
the system length for a compression member. k should be taken as not less than 1,0 unless less
than 1,0 can be justified.
The factor kw refers to end warping. Unless special provision for warping fixity is made, kw
should be taken as 1,0.
In the general case zg is positive for loads acting towards the shear centre from their point of
application (Figure 2.1).
S
F
zg > 0
Figure 2.1
zg < 0
Page 3
In the common case of normal support conditions at the ends (fork supports), k and kw are
taken equal to 1.
M cr = C1
2 EI z I w
I z
L2
L2GI t
2
+ (C2 zg ) C2 zg
2
EI z
(2)
When the bending moment diagram is linear along a segment of a member delimited by
lateral restraints, or when the transverse load is applied in the shear centre, C2 zg = 0. The
latter expression should be simplified as follows :
M cr = C1
2 EI z
L2
I w L2GI t
+
I z 2 EI z
(3)
For doubly symmetric I-profiles, the warping constant Iw may be calculated as follows :
I (h t f )
Iw = z
4
(4)
where
h
tf
3.
C1 and C2 factors
3.1
General
EI w
GI t L2
(5)
The values given in this document have been calculated with the assumption that = 0. This
assumption leads to conservative values of C1.
Page 4
3.2
The factor C1 may be determined from Table 3.1 for a member with end moment loading.
-1 +1
Figure 3.1
Table 3.1
C1
+1,00
1,00
+0,75
1,14
+0,50
1,31
+0,25
1,52
0,00
1,77
-0,25
2,05
-0,50
2,33
-0,75
2,57
-1,00
2,55
Page 5
3.3
Table 3.2 gives values of C1 and C2 for some cases of a member with transverse loading,
Table 3.2
C1
C2
1,127
0,454
2,578
1,554
1,348
0,630
1,683
1,645
Note : the critical moment Mcr is calculated for the section with the maximal moment along the member
3.4
For combined loading of end moments and transverse loads as shown in Figure 3.2, values of
C1 and C2 may be obtained from the curves given hereafter. Two cases are considered:
Case a) end moments with a uniformly distributed load
Case b) end moments with a concentrated load at mid-span
The moment distribution may be defined using two parameters :
is the ratio of end moments. By definition, M is the maximum end moment, and so :
-1 1 ( = 1 for a uniform moment)
is the ratio of the moment due to transverse load to the maximum end moment M
Case a) =
qL2
8M
Page 6
Case b) =
FL
4M
>0
if M and the transverse load (q or F), each supposed acting alone, bend the
beam in the same direction (e.g. as shown in the figure below)
<0
otherwise
L
(a)
Figure 3.2
L
(b)
Page 7
3.0
C1
2.5
2.0
1.5
0,1
0,2
0,3
1.4
0,4
0,5
0,6
1.3
0,7
0,8
1
1,2
1.2
1,5
2
1.1
1.0
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0.2
0.4
M
M
0.6
0.8
>0
5.0
-1,1
C1
-1
4.5
-0,9
4.0
-0,8
-0,7
3.5
-0,6
3.0
-0,5
-0,4
2.5
-0,3
-1,2
-1,3
-0,2
-1,4
2.0
-0,1
1.5
-1,5
-1,6
-1,7
-1,8
-2
1.0
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
M
M
0.2
0.4
M
0.6
0.8
<0
Figure 3.3
Page 8
0.5
C2
0.4
2
1,5
1,2
0.3
0,9
0,8
0,7
0,6
0,5
0.2
0,4
0,3
0,2
0.1
0,1
0.0
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
>0
2.5
C2
-1,2
2.0
-1,1
-1
-1,3
1.5
-1,5
-0,9
-1,2
-1,7
-1,4
-0,8
-1,6
-1,8
1.0
-1,9
-2
-0,7
-0,6
0.5
-0,5
-0,4
-0,3
-0,2
-0,1
0.0
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
M
M
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
<0
Figure 3.4
Page 9
3.0
C1
2.5
2.0
1.5
0,6
0,5
0,4
0,3
0,2
0,1
1.4
0,7
0,8
1.3
2
1,5
0,9
1,2
1.2
1.1
0,2
0,1
1.0
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
>0
4.0
C1
3.5
-1,1
-1,2
-1
-0,9
-0,8
3.0
-0,7
-0,6
-0,5
2.5
-0,4
-1,3
-1,4
-0,3
-1,5
-0,2
2.0
-1,6
-0,1
-1,7
-1,8
-2
1.5
1.0
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
M
M
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
<0
Figure 3.5
Page 10
0.5
C2
0.4
1,5
1,2
1
0,9
0,8
0,7
0.3
0,6
0,5
0.2
0,4
0,3
0,2
0.1
0,1
0.0
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0.2
0.4
0.8
0.6
>0
2.5
C2
2.0
-1,2
-1,4
-1,6
-1,3
-1,8
-1,5
-1,7
1.5
-2
-1,1
-1
-0,9
1.0
-0,8
-0,7
-0,6
0.5
-0,5
-0,4
-0,3
-0,2
-0,1
0.0
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
<0
Figure 3.6
Page 11
4.
1
References
ENV 1993-1-1
Eurocode 3 : Design of steel structures Part 1.1 : General rules and rules for buildings.
European Committee for Standardisation.
Djalaly, H.
Calcul de la rsistance ultime au dversement dans le cas de la flexion dvie. Revue
Construction Mtallique n3-1974. CTICM.
Gala, Y.
Dversement lastique dune poutre section bi-symtrique soumise des moments dextrmit
et une charge repartee ou concentre. Revue Construction Mtallique n2-2002. CTICM.
Page 12
Quality Record
RESOURCE TITLE
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name
Company
Date
Created by
Alain Bureau
CTICM
Yvan Gala
CTICM
D C Iles
SCI
2/3/05
1. UK
G W Owens
SCI
1/3/05
2. France
A Bureau
CTICM
1/3/05
3. Sweden
A Olsson
SBI
1/3/05
4. Germany
C Mueller
RWTH
1/3/05
5. Spain
J Chica
Labein
1/3/05
G W Owens
SCI
21/4/06
Page 13