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    Rhealyn Legaspi
    The document describes a series of experiments comparing the properties of organic and inorganic compounds. Benzoic acid and table salt were used to test solubility, melting and boiling points, stability to heat, combustibility, and acidity/alkalinity. The results showed that organic compounds like benzoic acid are generally soluble in organic solvents but not water, have higher melting and boiling points, undergo reactions more readily when heated, and are combustible. Inorganic compounds like table salt exhibited opposite behavior, being soluble in water but not organic solvents and having lower melting points.

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    Procedure Act 1

    Uploaded by

    Rhealyn Legaspi
    725 views15 pages
    The document describes a series of experiments comparing the properties of organic and inorganic compounds. Benzoic acid and table salt were used to test solubility, melting and boiling points, stability to heat, combustibility, and acidity/alkalinity. The results showed that organic compounds like benzoic acid are generally soluble in organic solvents but not water, have higher melting and boiling points, undergo reactions more readily when heated, and are combustible. Inorganic compounds like table salt exhibited opposite behavior, being soluble in water but not organic solvents and having lower melting points.

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    Organic Chemistry

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    The document describes a series of experiments comparing the properties of organic and inorganic compounds. Benzoic acid and table salt were used to test solubility, melting and boiling points, stability to heat, combustibility, and acidity/alkalinity. The results showed that organic compounds like benzoic acid are generally soluble in organic solvents but not water, have higher melting and boiling points, undergo reactions more readily when heated, and are combustible. Inorganic compounds like table salt exhibited opposite behavior, being soluble in water but not organic solvents and having lower melting points.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    725 views15 pages

    Procedure Act 1

    Uploaded by

    Rhealyn Legaspi
    The document describes a series of experiments comparing the properties of organic and inorganic compounds. Benzoic acid and table salt were used to test solubility, melting and boiling points, stability to heat, combustibility, and acidity/alkalinity. The results showed that organic compounds like benzoic acid are generally soluble in organic solvents but not water, have higher melting and boiling points, undergo reactions more readily when heated, and are combustible. Inorganic compounds like table salt exhibited opposite behavior, being soluble in water but not organic solvents and having lower melting points.

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    of 15

    PROCEDURE

    RESULTS
    EXPLANATION
    CONCLUSION
    A. SOLUBILITY
    1. To 2 mL each of the following solvents: water, ethyl alcohol and ether, add a pinch of benzoic acid and shake.

    (Benzoic Acid in Water)

    (Benzoic Acid in Ethyl Alcohol)

    (Benzoic Acid in Ether)


    Benzoic Acid is insoluble in water.

    Benzoic Acid is soluble in ethyl alcohol.

    Benzoic Acid is soluble in ether.

    Organic compound such as benzoic acid is insoluble to inorganic solvents. However, organic compound is readily soluble to organic solvents.
    2. Repeat no. 1 using common table salt instead of benzoic acid.

    (Table Salt in Water)

    (Table Salt in Ethyl Alcohol)

    (Table Salt in Ether)


    Table salt is soluble in water.

    Table salt is insoluble in ethyl alcohol.

    Table salt is

    BENZOIC ACID
    SODIUM CHLORIDE

    WATER
    insoluble
    soluble

    ETHYL ALCOHOL
    soluble
    insoluble

    ETHER
    soluble
    insoluble

    insoluble in ether.

    Inorganic compounds are readily soluble in water which is an inorganic solvent. Its insoluble to organic solvents such as ethyl alcohol and ether.
    3. Tabulate your results as follows indicating if benzoic acid and table salt are soluble or insoluble in the solvents used.

    PROCEDURE

    RESULTS
    EXPLANATION
    B. MELTING AND BOILING POINTS

    1. In a dry pyrex test tube,


    place gram of benzoic
    acid and heat directly over
    the flame.
    Benzoic acid melts directly.

    (Benzoic acid in Mel Temp


    Apparatus)

    CONCLUSION

    Organic compounds have a high


    melting point.

    2. Do the same with the table


    salt.
    Table salt didnt melt in the heat. It
    leaves a moist inside the test tube.

    (Table salt after heating)


    3. In a 250 mL beaker, warm
    100 mL of tap water.

    (100 mL tap water)


    4. Place three test tubes
    containing 1 mL each of
    ether, ethyl alcohol and
    water.

    (Three test tubes containes in a


    beaker)

    Inorganic compounds have a low


    melting point.

    5. Slightly increase the flame


    until the water in the beaker
    boils.

    (Increase of flame in the bunsen


    burner)
    6. Observe which of the three
    liquids will boil first, second
    and last.

    The first one to boil is ether


    because it has a boiling point of
    34.6C.

    (Ether)

    (Ethyl Alcohol)

    The second to boil is ethyl alcohol


    because it has a boiling point of
    78.37C.

    Organic compounds have a high


    boiling point. But it depends on the
    compounds
    because
    every
    compounds has various boiling
    point. The ether was the first to boil
    because it has higher boiling point
    that ethyl alcohol. However, water
    is an inorganic compound, which
    has low boiling point. Therefore,
    organic compounds have a higher
    boiling
    point
    than
    organic
    compounds.

    (Water)

    PROCEDURE

    The last to boil is water which is an


    inorganic solvent that has a boiling
    point of 100C.

    RESULTS
    EXPLANATION
    C. STABILITY TOWARDS HEAT

    CONCLUSION

    1. Heat a pinch of table salt in


    a clean, dry test tube for two
    minutes.

    (Heating table salt)


    2. Cool the product and
    observe for changes (if any)
    that occurred.

    There arent any changes when


    the table salt is subjected to the
    heat.
    (Cooled table salt)

    3. Heat a pinch of cane sugar


    in a dry pyrex test tube.

    (Heating sugar)

    Inorganic compounds when heated


    has a slower reaction rate because
    of the table salt showing no signs
    of changes.

    4. Do the same test with


    benzoic acid in place of
    cane sugar.
    The sugar caramelizes when it is
    subjected towards the heat.

    Organic
    compounds
    when
    subjected to heat have a higher
    reaction rate evident when the
    sugar quickly caramelizes.

    (Cooled sugar)

    PROCEDURE

    RESULTS

    EXPLANATION
    D. COMBUSTIBILITY

    CONCLUSION

    1. Place three drops of ethyl


    alcohol in an evaporating
    dish.

    2. Place a lighted match stick


    near the alcohol.
    Ethyl alcohol ignited when the
    match stick was subjected into the
    alcohol.

    Since ethyl alcohol is an organic


    compound, it is highly combustible.

    3. Repeat the combustion test


    with ether.

    4. Repeat the test using


    carbon tetrachloride or any
    organic halide.

    Ether is combustible. It also


    produced larger flames.

    Ether is more combustible than


    ethyl alcohol because it produced
    larger flames.

    CCL4 is not combustible when we


    tried to ignite it.

    Even though CCl4 is organic


    compound, it didnt ignite so it is
    not highly combustible.

    PROCEDURE

    RESULTS

    EXPLANATION

    CONCLUSION

    E. IONIZATION
    1. To 1 mL of sodium chloride
    solution add 2 drops of
    silver nitrate solution.
    The reaction of sodium chloride
    and silver nitrate left a precipitate
    that settled at the bottom.

    Silver nitrate will react with the


    sodium chloride in tap water to
    make silver chloride (AgCl). Silver
    chloride is the white precipitate.
    The reaction showed the dissolved
    sodium chloride ions reacting with
    the dissolved silver nitrate ions.

    (Sodium chloride with silver


    nitrate)
    2. Repeat the test using
    carbon tetrachloride instead
    of sodium chloride.

    The reaction also formed silver


    chloride.
    CCl4 + AgNO3
    (Carbon tetrachloride with silver
    nitrate)

    C(NO3)4 + AgCl

    The reaction showed the dissolved


    carbon tetrachloride ions reacting
    with the dissolved silver nitrate
    ions forming silver chloride.

    PROCEDURE
    Place 4 pieces each of blue and
    red litmus papers on the convex
    side of a clean dry watch glass.
    Moisten the tip of a stirring rod with
    the solutions given below, using
    only one solution at a time. Rinse
    the stirring rod each time before
    touching the next solution as
    strong acid, weak acid, strong
    base, weak base, based on the
    degree of the change in color of
    the litmus paper.

    RESULTS
    EXPLANATION
    F. ACIDITY AND ALKALINITY
    RED LITMUS PAPER
    DILUTE HCL STRONG ACID
    A. DILUTE HCL
    DILUTE ACETIC ACID WEAK
    ACID
    DILUTE NH4OH STRONG BASE
    ANILINE WEAK BASE

    B. DILUTE ACETIC ACID

    C. DILUTE NH4OH

    D. ANILINE

    CONCLUSION
    Hydrochloric acid, a strong acid,
    and ammonium hydroxide, a
    strong
    base,
    are
    inorganic
    compounds.
    Thus,
    inorganic
    compounds are strong acids and
    strong bases.

    Acetic acid, a weak acid, and


    aniline, a weak base, are organic
    compounds. Therefore, organic
    compounds are weak acids and
    strong bases.

    PROCEDURE
    Place 4 pieces each of blue and
    red litmus papers on the convex
    side of a clean dry watch glass.
    Moisten the tip of a stirring rod with
    the solutions given below, using
    only one solution at a time. Rinse
    the stirring rod each time before
    touching the next solution as
    strong acid, weak acid, strong
    base, weak base, based on the
    degree of the change in color of
    the litmus paper.

    RESULTS
    BLUE LITMUS PAPER
    A. DILUTE HCL

    B. DILUTE ACETIC ACID

    C. DILUTE NH4OH

    EXPLANATION
    DILUTE HCL STRONG ACID
    DILUTE ACETIC ACID WEAK
    ACID
    DILUTE NH4OH STRONG BASE
    ANILINE WEAK BASE

    D. ANILINE

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