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Functions: One Element y in The Range

The document discusses functions and their domains and ranges. It provides examples of relations that are and are not functions based on whether each input has a single output. It also discusses function notation and how to write functions using f(x). The key aspects are: - A function must have a single output for each input - The domain is the set of all inputs and the range is the set of all outputs - Functions can be written using function notation as f(x) where f is the output and x is the input

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Paolo Naguit
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
27 views

Functions: One Element y in The Range

The document discusses functions and their domains and ranges. It provides examples of relations that are and are not functions based on whether each input has a single output. It also discusses function notation and how to write functions using f(x). The key aspects are: - A function must have a single output for each input - The domain is the set of all inputs and the range is the set of all outputs - Functions can be written using function notation as f(x) where f is the output and x is the input

Uploaded by

Paolo Naguit
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FUNCTIONS

Given a relation in x and y, we say y is a function of x if for every element x in the domain, there corresponds exactly
one element y in the range.
Determine which of the relations define y as a function of x.
A.
This relation is defined by the set of ordered pairs . {(1,4) , (2,-1), (3,2)}
If you can notice that for each x in the domain there is only one
corresponding y in the range. Therefore, this relation is a function.
When x = 1, there is only one possibility for y=4
When x=2, there is only one possibility for y = -1
When x = 3, there is only one possibility for y = 2
B.
This relation is defined by the set of ordered pairs {(1,3), (1,4), (2,-1),
(3,-2)}.
When x = 1, there are two possible range elements: y = 3 & y = 4.
Therefore, it is NOT a function.

C.
This relation is defined by the set of ordered pairs: {(1,4), (2,4) & (3,4)}.
When x = 1, there is only one possibility for y = 4.
When x=2, there is only one possibility for y = 4.
When x = 3, there is only one possibility for y = 4
Because each value of x in the domain has only one corresponding y value.
Therefore, this relation is a function.
Here are some examples of functions.
Height is a function of age.
Temperature is a function of date.
Cost of mailing a package is a function of weight.
The number of a circle is a function of its radius.
The price of commodity is a function of the demand for that commodity.

FUNCTION NOTATION, DOMAIN & RANGE


When one dependent quantity is a function of another independent quantity, like when y is a function of x, the
dependent quantity will usually be renamed f of x, written mathematically as f(x).
For example, the equation y = x 2 +1 defines y as a function of x. Using function notation we could rename the y
quantity f(x). Then the equation would read f(x) = x 2 +1.
Domain set of all first components (generally x) of the ordered pairs.
Range set of all second components (generally y) of the ordered pairs.
* When stating the domain and range (of the function), it must be expressed in set-builder notation or in
interval notation.
1. Find the domain and range linking the length of a womans femur to her height {(45.5, 65.5), (48.2, 68.0), (41.8,
62.2), (46.0, 66.0), (50.4, 70.0)}.
Answers:
Domain: {45.5, 48.2, 41.8, 46.0, 50.4}
Range: {65.5, 68.0, 62.2, 66.0, 70.0}

2.Find the Domain & Range.


Answers:
Domain: {-7, 2, 3}
Range: {9}

3. Find the Domain & Range in the Coordinate System.


Answers:
Domain: {2, 1, 0, 1, 2}
Range: {3, 0, 1}

4.Find the Domain & Range given the graph (on the left side)
Answers:
Domain: {x|x is real number & -8 x 8} or [-8,8]
Range: { y|y is real number & -5 x 5} or [-5,5]

5.Find the Domain & Range given the graph (on the right side)
Answers:
Domain: {x|x is real number such that x 0} or [0, )
Range: { y|y is real number } or (
)

I. State the Domain & Range of the following. Then tell whether if it is function or not.
1.
2.

3.

4.

5.

II. Using the principle of function notation, given


1.
3.

6.

. Find the ff.


2.
4.

FINDING DOMAINS OF FUNCTIONS


A function is a relation, and it is often necessary to determine its domain and range. To find the domain of a
function defined by keep these guidelines in mind:
Exclude values of x that make the denominator of a fraction zero.
Exclude values of x that make a negative value within a square root.
1.
2x - 1 = 0
X = must be excluded from the value of the
domain.
Interval Notation:

(- , ) U (

2.
c+40

c -4

Interval Notation: [-4,

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

GRAPH (OF FUNCTIONS)

Source: http://www.shelovesmath.com/algebra/advanced-algebra/parent-graphs-and-transformations/

OPERATION ON FUNCTIONS

1. If

and

find each of the following

a. (f + g)(x)

b. (f - g)(x)

c. (fg)(x)

d. ( )(x)

e. f(12)

g. g (-20)

2. If

and

. Find each of the following:

a. (f + g)(x)

b. (f - g)(x)

c. (fg)(x)

d. ( )(x)

e.(f+g)(3)

f. f(3)

g. g(4) - f(2)

h. (f-g)(5)

1. Given
a. f o g

and

. Find each of the following:


b. g o f

c. f o f

d. g o g

e. (g o f)( 6)

f. (f o f)( 3)

2. Given
a. f o g

and

. Find each of the following:


b. g o f

c. f o f

d. g o g

e. (g o f)( 6)

f. (f o f)( 3)

3.Given
a. f o g

and

find each of the following


b. g o f

c. f o f

d. g o g

e. (g o f)( 6)

f. (f o f)( 0)

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