FUNCTIONS
Given a relation in x and y, we say y is a function of x if for every element x in the domain, there corresponds exactly
one element y in the range.
Determine which of the relations define y as a function of x.
A.
This relation is defined by the set of ordered pairs . {(1,4) , (2,-1), (3,2)}
If you can notice that for each x in the domain there is only one
corresponding y in the range. Therefore, this relation is a function.
When x = 1, there is only one possibility for y=4
When x=2, there is only one possibility for y = -1
When x = 3, there is only one possibility for y = 2
B.
This relation is defined by the set of ordered pairs {(1,3), (1,4), (2,-1),
(3,-2)}.
When x = 1, there are two possible range elements: y = 3 & y = 4.
Therefore, it is NOT a function.
C.
This relation is defined by the set of ordered pairs: {(1,4), (2,4) & (3,4)}.
When x = 1, there is only one possibility for y = 4.
When x=2, there is only one possibility for y = 4.
When x = 3, there is only one possibility for y = 4
Because each value of x in the domain has only one corresponding y value.
Therefore, this relation is a function.
Here are some examples of functions.
Height is a function of age.
Temperature is a function of date.
Cost of mailing a package is a function of weight.
The number of a circle is a function of its radius.
The price of commodity is a function of the demand for that commodity.
FUNCTION NOTATION, DOMAIN & RANGE
When one dependent quantity is a function of another independent quantity, like when y is a function of x, the
dependent quantity will usually be renamed f of x, written mathematically as f(x).
For example, the equation y = x 2 +1 defines y as a function of x. Using function notation we could rename the y
quantity f(x). Then the equation would read f(x) = x 2 +1.
Domain set of all first components (generally x) of the ordered pairs.
Range set of all second components (generally y) of the ordered pairs.
* When stating the domain and range (of the function), it must be expressed in set-builder notation or in
interval notation.
1. Find the domain and range linking the length of a womans femur to her height {(45.5, 65.5), (48.2, 68.0), (41.8,
62.2), (46.0, 66.0), (50.4, 70.0)}.
Answers:
Domain: {45.5, 48.2, 41.8, 46.0, 50.4}
Range: {65.5, 68.0, 62.2, 66.0, 70.0}
[Link] the Domain & Range.
Answers:
Domain: {-7, 2, 3}
Range: {9}
3. Find the Domain & Range in the Coordinate System.
Answers:
Domain: {2, 1, 0, 1, 2}
Range: {3, 0, 1}
[Link] the Domain & Range given the graph (on the left side)
Answers:
Domain: {x|x is real number & -8 x 8} or [-8,8]
Range: { y|y is real number & -5 x 5} or [-5,5]
[Link] the Domain & Range given the graph (on the right side)
Answers:
Domain: {x|x is real number such that x 0} or [0, )
Range: { y|y is real number } or (
)
I. State the Domain & Range of the following. Then tell whether if it is function or not.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
II. Using the principle of function notation, given
1.
3.
6.
. Find the ff.
2.
4.
FINDING DOMAINS OF FUNCTIONS
A function is a relation, and it is often necessary to determine its domain and range. To find the domain of a
function defined by keep these guidelines in mind:
Exclude values of x that make the denominator of a fraction zero.
Exclude values of x that make a negative value within a square root.
1.
2x - 1 = 0
X = must be excluded from the value of the
domain.
Interval Notation:
(- , ) U (
2.
c+40
c -4
Interval Notation: [-4,
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
GRAPH (OF FUNCTIONS)
Source: [Link]
OPERATION ON FUNCTIONS
1. If
and
find each of the following
a. (f + g)(x)
b. (f - g)(x)
c. (fg)(x)
d. ( )(x)
e. f(12)
g. g (-20)
2. If
and
. Find each of the following:
a. (f + g)(x)
b. (f - g)(x)
c. (fg)(x)
d. ( )(x)
e.(f+g)(3)
f. f(3)
g. g(4) - f(2)
h. (f-g)(5)
1. Given
a. f o g
and
. Find each of the following:
b. g o f
c. f o f
d. g o g
e. (g o f)( 6)
f. (f o f)( 3)
2. Given
a. f o g
and
. Find each of the following:
b. g o f
c. f o f
d. g o g
e. (g o f)( 6)
f. (f o f)( 3)
[Link]
a. f o g
and
find each of the following
b. g o f
c. f o f
d. g o g
e. (g o f)( 6)
f. (f o f)( 0)
