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    Thyristor Commutation Techniques

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    ตะวันแดงปากน้ำโพ
    This document discusses thyristor commutation techniques. It explains that commutation is the process of turning off a conducting thyristor, which can be done through either voltage commutation by making the anode negative or current commutation by reducing the anode current below the holding value. Natural commutation occurs when the supply voltage is AC and the thyristor turns off during the negative half cycle without additional circuits. Forced commutation techniques are required when the supply is DC to actively reduce the current or apply a negative voltage for longer than the thyristor turn-off time. The techniques can be classified as natural commutation or various types of forced commutation depending on the circuitry used.

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    Thyristor Commutation Techniques

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    ตะวันแดงปากน้ำโพ
    134 views3 pages
    This document discusses thyristor commutation techniques. It explains that commutation is the process of turning off a conducting thyristor, which can be done through either voltage commutation by making the anode negative or current commutation by reducing the anode current below the holding value. Natural commutation occurs when the supply voltage is AC and the thyristor turns off during the negative half cycle without additional circuits. Forced commutation techniques are required when the supply is DC to actively reduce the current or apply a negative voltage for longer than the thyristor turn-off time. The techniques can be classified as natural commutation or various types of forced commutation depending on the circuitry used.

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    Thyristor Commutation Techniques

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    This document discusses thyristor commutation techniques. It explains that commutation is the process of turning off a conducting thyristor, which can be done through either voltage commutation by making the anode negative or current commutation by reducing the anode current below the holding value. Natural commutation occurs when the supply voltage is AC and the thyristor turns off during the negative half cycle without additional circuits. Forced commutation techniques are required when the supply is DC to actively reduce the current or apply a negative voltage for longer than the thyristor turn-off time. The techniques can be classified as natural commutation or various types of forced commutation depending on the circuitry used.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    134 views3 pages

    Thyristor Commutation Techniques

    Uploaded by

    ตะวันแดงปากน้ำโพ
    This document discusses thyristor commutation techniques. It explains that commutation is the process of turning off a conducting thyristor, which can be done through either voltage commutation by making the anode negative or current commutation by reducing the anode current below the holding value. Natural commutation occurs when the supply voltage is AC and the thyristor turns off during the negative half cycle without additional circuits. Forced commutation techniques are required when the supply is DC to actively reduce the current or apply a negative voltage for longer than the thyristor turn-off time. The techniques can be classified as natural commutation or various types of forced commutation depending on the circuitry used.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    THYRISTOR COMMUTATION TECHNIQUES

    Introduction
    In practice it becomes necessary to turn off a conducting thyristor. (Often thyristors
    are used as switches to turn on and off power to the load). The process of turning off a
    conducting thyristor is called commutation. The principle involved is that either the anode
    should be made negative with respect to cathode (voltage commutation) or the anode current
    should be reduced below the holding current value (current commutation).
    The reverse voltage must be maintained for a time at least equal to the turn-off time of
    SCR otherwise a reapplication of a positive voltage will cause the thyristor to conduct even
    without a gate signal. On similar lines the anode current should be held at a value less than
    the holding current at least for a time equal to turn-off time otherwise the SCR will start
    conducting if the current in the circuit increases beyond the holding current level even
    without a gate signal. Commutation circuits have been developed to hasten the turn-off
    process of Thyristors. The study of commutation techniques helps in understanding the
    transient phenomena under switching conditions.
    The reverse voltage or the small anode current condition must be maintained for a
    time at least equal to the TURN OFF time of SCR; Otherwise the SCR may again start
    conducting. The techniques to turn off a SCR can be broadly classified as
    Natural Commutation
    Forced Commutation.
    Natural Commutation (CLASS F)
    This type of commutation takes place when supply voltage is AC, because a negative
    voltage will appear across the SCR in the negative half cycle of the supply voltage and the
    SCR turns off by itself. Hence no special circuits are required to turn off the SCR. That is the
    reason that this type of commutation is called Natural or Line Commutation. Figure 5.1
    shows the circuit where natural commutation takes place and figure 1.2 shows the related
    waveforms. tc is the time offered by the circuit within which the SCR should turn off
    completely. Thus tc should be greater than tq , the turn off time of the SCR. Otherwise, the
    SCR will become forward biased before it has turned off completely and will start conducting
    even without a gate signal.

    T
    +

    vs

    vo

    Fig. 5.1: Circuit for Natural Commutation

    Supply voltage vs

    Sinusoidal

    3
    0

    t
    Load voltage vo
    Turn off
    occurs here
    t

    3
    2

    Voltage across SCR


    tc

    Fig. 5.2: Natural Commutation Waveforms of Supply and Load Voltages (Resistive Load)

    This type of commutation is applied in ac voltage controllers, phase controlled


    rectifiers and cyclo converters.
    Forced Commutation
    When supply is DC, natural commutation is not possible because the polarity of the
    supply remains unchanged. Hence special methods must be used to reduce the SCR current
    below the holding value or to apply a negative voltage across the SCR for a time interval
    greater than the turn off time of the SCR. This technique is called FORCED
    COMMUTATION and is applied in all circuits where the supply voltage is DC - namely,

    Choppers (fixed DC to variable DC), inverters (DC to AC). Forced commutation techniques
    are as follows:
    Self Commutation
    Resonant Pulse Commutation
    Complementary Commutation
    Impulse Commutation
    External Pulse Commutation.
    Load Side Commutation.
    Line Side Commutation.

    Source : http://elearningatria.files.wordpress.com/2013/10/ece-vii-power-electronics-10ec73-notes.pdf

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