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Complex Numbers Exercise - 2 (C)

The document contains 13 questions regarding complex numbers. Question 1 involves finding the intersection of a line and circle defined by complex equations. Question 2 deals with an equilateral triangle formed by complex numbers and deriving equations relating their real and imaginary parts. Subsequent questions involve additional properties and relationships regarding complex roots of unity, arguments of complex numbers satisfying an inequality, sums of powers of roots of unity, and properties of complex polynomials.

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32 views5 pages

Complex Numbers Exercise - 2 (C)

The document contains 13 questions regarding complex numbers. Question 1 involves finding the intersection of a line and circle defined by complex equations. Question 2 deals with an equilateral triangle formed by complex numbers and deriving equations relating their real and imaginary parts. Subsequent questions involve additional properties and relationships regarding complex roots of unity, arguments of complex numbers satisfying an inequality, sums of powers of roots of unity, and properties of complex polynomials.

Uploaded by

ayush
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Complex Numbers

Exercise 2(C)
Q.1

Let Z x iy,
then equation of line becomes x y k & equation of circle becomes x 2 y 2 2x 4y 13 0.
Now center of the circle is 1, 2 & radius 3 2.
As the line is a sec ant hence

1 2 k
3 2 or | k 3 | 6.
2

Hence 3 k 9.
Q.2

If Z1 , Z2 & Z3 form an equilateral triangle, then Z12 Z2 2 Z32 Z1Z2 Z2 Z3 Z3 Z1.


Now Z1 a i, Z2 1 bi & Z3 0
a 2 1 2ai 1 b 2 2bi a b 1 ab i
Or a 2 b 2 a b & 2a 2b 1 ab.
Hence a b 1 or a b.

i a b 1 gives ab 1, hence a 2 a 1 0, which doesnt have real roots.


ii a b gives a 2 4a 1 0, hence a b 2 3 as a & b 1

Now a 2 b 2 2 2 3

14 8 3.

As 0 14 8 3 1, hence a 2 b 2 0.
Q.3

3 i
or Z i2 Z3 i & Z2 , where & 2 are complex cube roots of unity.
2
Now Z95 Z331 Z2 i & i 67 i 416 i3 i

95

i67

94

Z95 i 67

i94 1 188
94

94

2 .

Now Zn i n 2n , hence least possible value of n is 10.

Q.4

| Z 25i | 15 P Z lies on a circle of radius 15


& having center at 0, 25 .
Let Max.Arg Z & Min.Arg Z , then clearly
tan & tan will be slopes of tangents to this circle from O.
15
3
3
or cos cos 1 .
25
5
5
3
3
3
Similarly sin 90 or cos cos 1 .
5
5
5
3
4
Now | | 2 cos 1 2 cos 1 .
5
5
As shown in figure sin 90

Q.5
Let Zi cos i i sin i where i , , , then as given Z1 Z2 Z3 0.
Z13 Z23 Z33 3 Z1Z2 Z3

cos 3 cos 3 cos 3 3cos , hence 1.

Q.6

As Z0 , Zi & Zi 1 form an equilateral triangle hence


Z0 2 Zi 2 Zi 12 Z0 Zi Z0 Zi 1 Zi Zi 1. Hence

Z02 Zi 2 Zi12 Z0 Zi Z0 Zi1 Zi Zi1 ,


6

i 1

i 1

where Z7 Z1.
6

i 1

i 1

6Z0 2 2 Zi 2 2Z0 Zi
6

Also Z0

Zi
i 1

Zi 2 3Z0 2 .
i 1

Q.7
2q
2q
2q
2q
2q
2q

i cos
i cos
i sin
i sin
, for q 0,1, 2,...,10
. But cos
11
11
11
11
11
11

sin

10

gives 11th cube roots of unity, hence

cos
q 0

10

sin

Now

i 1

2q
2q
i sin
0.
11
11

2q
2q
2q
2q

i cos
i sin
i cos

11
11
11
11
i 1
10

10
2q
2q
2q
2q

Or sin
i cos

i
i sin

cos
i.
11
11
11
11
i 1
i 0
10

32
10
2q
2q
p
Now 3p 2 sin
i cos

3p 2 i
11
11

p 1
p 1
i 1
32

Let S 5i 8i 2 11i3 ... 98i32 , then


iS

5i 2 8i3 ... 95i32 98i33

______________________________

1 i S 5i 3i 2 3i3 ...3i32 98i33

32
96i 1 i
96i 3i 1 i
Or S

48 48i, hence a b 0.
1 i
2
1 i 2

Q.8

Z6 Z5 Z4 Z3 Z2 Z 1 0 Z7 1 0, Z 1.
Hence Zi ,i 1, 2,..., 6 are 7th roots of unity except 1 itself .
6
7 if r 7k
r
Z

,
hence
i 0 otherwise
Zi 5 0 &

i 0
i 0
6

Now
6

Zi 5 1 &
i 1

Zi14 6.
i 1

Also from the given equation

Zi 1.
i 1

Now

i 1

i 1

i 1

Zi5 Zi14 Zi 1 6 1 4.

Q.9
z

4
4
4
z z
3
z
z
z

3 z

4
3
z

Zi14 7.
i 0

z 3 z 4 0 & z 3 z 4 0
2

1 z 4
Q.10
z 3 343 z 7 z 2 7z 49 0
Hence z 2 7z 49 z 2 az b
a 7, b 49

7a b
7
14

Q.11

z 4 z 8 z 4 z 4 z 8 z 8

z z 12 Re z 6
Let z 6 ai
Now 3 z 12 5 z 8i 3 ai 6 5 6 a 8 i
9 a 2 36 25 a 2 16a 100
a 2 25a 136 0
a 8,17
Hence Im z 8
Q.12

Let a a1 a 2i & b b1 b 2i
f z 4 i z 2 a1 a 2i z b1 b 2i
f 1 a1 a 2i b1 b 2i 4 i
f i a1i a 2 b1 b 2i 4 i
f 1 f 1 a1 a 2i b1 b 2i 4 i a1 a 2i b1 b 2i 4 i
a 2 b 2 1 ...(i)
f i f i a1i a 2 b1 b 2i 4 i a 1i a 2 b1 b 2i 4 i
a1 b 2 1 ...(ii)
a12 a 2 2 2 2b 2 2
a b 2 1 b 2 2 b12 b 2 2
ab 2

Q.13

z 4 a1z3 a 2 z 2 a 3z a 4 0 ...(i)
4

z a1 z a 2 z a 3 z a 4 0
If z is purely imaginary, then z z
z 4 a1z3 a 2 z 2 a 3z a 4 0 ...(ii)
From i & ii

z 4 a 2 z 2 a 4 0 & a 1z 2 a 3 0
2

a
a
3 a2 3 a4 0
a1
a1
a
aa
3 1 4 1
a1a 2 a 2 a 3
Q.14

z3 w

0 & z 5 w11 1 z w 1

Now z 3 w

0 z 3 w 7 1

Further z3 w 7 1 & z 5 w11 1


zw i
Hence z, w i,i or i, i

Q.15

z2
z12
z2
2 3 1 0 z13 z32 z33 3z1z 2 z3 4z1z 2 z 3
z 2 z3 z1z3 z1z 2

z1 z 2 z3 z12 z 2 2 z32 z1z 2 z 2 z 3 z 3z1 4z1z 2 z 3


z1 z 2 z3 3 z1 z 2 z3 z1z 2 z 2 z3 z3z1 4z1z 2 z 3 0
3

Let z z1 z 2 z3 , then
z3 3z z1z 2 z 2 z 3 z 3z1 4z1z 2 z 3 0
1 1 1
z3 z1z 2 z 3 3z 4
z1 z 2 z3

z3 z1z 2 z3 3z z1 z 2 z 3 4
z 3 z 4
3

z 1, 2

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