Introduction

Zina(sexual intercourse) is an unlawful sexual relationship between people who are not married
to one another through a Nikah It includes an extramarital sex and premarital sex such
as adultery (consensual sexual relations outside marriage), and fornication (consensual sexual
intercourse between two unmarried persons). The term zina is a sin of sexual intercourse that is
not allowed by Sharia (Islamic law) and classed as a hudud crime (class of Islamic punishments
that are fixed for certain crimes that are considered to be "claims of God"). The Islamic
punishment to unmarried people that guilty in sexual intercourse will be scourge with a hundred
stripes and banishment for one year. And the punishment for the fornication is scourge with a
hundred stripes and stoned to death.

Content
Quranic Ayat
2.1 First Ayat ( An Nur; 24:2)

2.1.1 Translation
The [unmarried] woman or [unmarried] man found guilty of sexual intercourse - lash each
one of them with a hundred lashes, and do not be taken by pity for them in the religion of
Allah, if you should believe in Allah and the Last Day. And let a group of the believers
witness their punishment.

2.1.2 Summary of the Commentary (An Nur; 24:2)

According to the commentary by Ibnu Abbas, (The adulterer and the adulteress) who
are unmarried and have not been married before, (scourge ye each one of them (with) a
hundred stripes) flog each one of them a hundred times. (And let not pity for the twain) for
applying the legal punishment (withhold you from obedience to Allah) withhold you from
executing Allah's legal ruling on them, (if ye believe in Allah and the Last Day) in
resurrection after death. (And let a party of believers) one man, two or more so that the
punishment is preserved (witness their punishment) witness the execution of the punishment.
Second, commentary by Tafsir Al Jalalayn, As for the fornicatress and the
fornicator, that is, of those not in wedlock because those [in wedlock] are stoned according
to the Sunna (the al [in al-zniya, the fornicatress, and al-zn, the fornicator] according to
some mentioned [opinions] is a relative [particle]; the clause [al-zniyatu wal-zn] is a
subject, and because of its similarity to a conditional, the f has been inserted into the
predicate, which is [the following, fajlid]): strike each of them a hundred lashes, [a
hundred] strikes (one says jaladahu to mean daraba jildahu, he struck him on the skin).
According to the Sunna, in addition to this [punishment] there is also banishment for a whole
year. The slave, however, receives half of the mentioned [punishment]. And do not let any
pity for them overcome you in Gods religion, that is to say, in [the fulfilment of] His rulings,
by disregarding any part of their prescribed punishment, if you believe in God and the Last
Day, namely, the Day of Resurrection: in this [statement] there is an incitement to [abide by]
what was [mentioned] before the conditional [above] and it also constitutes the response to
the latter, or [at least is] an indication of the response to it. And let their punishment, the
flogging, be witnessed by a group of the believers some say [that this should be a group
of] three; some say four, as in the number of witnesses testifying to an act of fornication.

2.2 Second Ayat ( Al Isra; 17:32)

2.2.1 Translation
And do not approach unlawful sexual intercourse. Indeed, it is ever an immorality and is evil
as a way.
2.2.2 Summary of Commentary ( Al Isra; 17:32)
Firstly, based on commentary by Abdullah Yusuf Ali, Nor come nigh to adultery: for it
is a shameful (deed) and an evil, opening the road (to other evils). Adultery is not only
shameful in itself and inconsistent with any self-respect or respect for others, but it opens the
road to many evils. It destroys the basis of the family: it works against the interests of
children born or to be born; it may cause murders and feuds and loss of reputation and
property, and also loosen permanently the bonds of society. Not only should it be avoided as a
sin, but any approach or temptation to it should be avoided.
Furthermore, according to Tafsir Fi Zilalil Quran, Among the killing of children and
committing adultery was there relationship and correspondence. Prohibition of adultery
called in the middle between the prohibition of killing children with prohibition of killing
humans others because of the relationships and the same agreement. Fornication contains the
murder of various angles. Adultery is the killing of early, because it's adultery spilled seed on
non-life rightful place and followed by the desire to want to escape from the effects of kill the
fetus before it or after it is formed in such a shape either before birth or after it is born in the
world.

Supposing the fetus was alive, then usually it is allowed to live in a bad life or a life of
abject, a life wasted in society in any of its aspects, and adultery was also is a form of
genocide against the people, where the growing crime of adultery that causes loss of contact
offspring and descendants of mixed blood and thus lose confidence in the honour and child
and resulted in the destruction bonds of community and eventually led to the collapse of the
resembling death among community groups.
Al-Quran warned not to approach the act of adultery. This emphasis is to refrain from
doing so, because the act of adultery was impelled by strong desires, thus moving away from
the approaching it is safer. Act of approaching the reasons which led to adultery was not safe.
Hence, Islam prohibits the free mixing between men and women who do not need, and act to
ban indecent dressing oversimplify. Islam encourages marriage to the wealthy, and who are
unable to fast, and prohibits the obstruction which may restrict marriage dowry like putting a
too high. Islam denies the fear of poverty and destitution as have many children. It
encourages the subsidized to those who want to preserve the sanctity of marriage itself them.
It is the most severe sentence on the crime of adultery when applicable, also on alleged errors
both women without data and other means to prevent and treat it so that the act of adultery
Muslims preserved from ruin and destruction.

2.3 Third Ayat ( An Nisa; 4:25)

2.3.1 Translation
And whoever among you cannot [find] the means to marry free, believing women, then [he
may marry] from those whom your right hands possess of believing slave girls. And Allah is
most knowing about your faith. You [believers] are of one another. So marry them with the
permission of their people and give them their due compensation according to what is
acceptable. [They should be] chaste, neither [of] those who commit unlawful intercourse
randomly nor those who take [secret] lovers. But once they are sheltered in marriage, if they
should commit adultery, then for them is half the punishment for free [unmarried] women.
This [allowance] is for him among you who fears sin, but to be patient is better for you. And
Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.

2.3.2 Summary of commentary ( An Nisa; 4:25)

According to the commentary of Tafsir Al Jalalayn, And whoever has not the means
wherewith, [whoever] is not wealthy enough, to be able to marry believing (al-mumint,
believing, is in accordance with the prevalent practice, and does not add to the import), free,
women in wedlock, let him take, in marriage, believing maids whom your right hands own.
God knows very well your faith, so suffice yourself with its outward manifestation and leave
the innermost matters to Him, for He is the One to know her [true] merit: many a slave girl
may be more excellent [in faith] than a free woman, and this is meant to encourage marriage
with slave girls; the one of you is as the other, being equal in religion, so do not disdain to
marry with them. So marry them, with the permission of their folk, their guardians, and give
them their wages, their dowries, honourably, without procrastination or diminution, as
women in wedlock (muhsant, a circumstantial qualifier), in decency, not illicitly, openly
fornicating, or taking lovers, companions fornicating in secret.
But when they are given in wedlock, [when] they are married off (a variant reading
[for the passive uhsinna, they are given in wedlock] has the active ahsanna, they enter into
wedlock), if they commit lewdness, such as adultery, they shall be liable to half the
chastisement, the legal punishment, of married, free, virgin, women, who commit adultery,
and are thus given fifty lashes and banished for half a year; [male] slaves by analogy are
liable to the same punishment. Here, God has not made wedlock the precondition for the
prescribed punishment to show that stoning does not apply in their case [sc. Slave girls].
That, marrying of slave girls on account of insufficient means, is for those of you who fear
the distress of sin, fornication (al-anat originally means distress, but is used to mean zin,
fornication, because of the distress that it causes in the way of the punishment in this world
and in the Hereafter), as opposed to those of you who might not have such a fear [of distress]
with regard to their free women and for whom it is unlawful to marry her [the slave girl];

likewise for one who has sufficient means to marry a free woman [it is unlawful for him to
marry a slave girl instead]: this is the opinion of al-Shfi. Moreover, Gods words believing
maids precludes unbelieving women, whom it is unlawful to marry, even if one should find
no believing women and fear [the distress of fornication]; yet it is better for you to be patient,
and abstain from marrying slave girls, lest the child should become enslaved also. God is
Forgiving, Merciful, by allowing room for manoeuvre in these matters.
Then, based on the Tafsir Ibnu Abbas, (And whoso is not able to afford to marry free,
believing women, let them marry from the believing maids whom your right hands possess)
who are in the hands of the believers. (Allah know the best (concerning) your faith) He
knows best that your hearts are firm in faith. (Ye (proceed) one from another) You are all the
children of Adam; it is also said that this means: some of you follow the religion of others;
and it is also said that this means: you are strengthened by one another; (sowed them) marry
the maids (by permission of their folk) their owners, (and give unto them) the maids (their
portions) their dowry (in kindness) on top of the price given to the prostitute for providing
sex, (they being honest) He says: marry those maids who are chaste, (not debauched) not
those who commit adultery in the open (nor of loose conduct) nor those who have lovers who
commit adultery with them in secret. (And if when they are honourably married) if when they
marry maids (they commit lewdness) fornication (they) the maids (shall incur the half of the
punishment (prescribed)) lashing (for free women (in that case). This is) marrying maids is
lawful (for him among you who fear to commit sin) adultery and debauchery. (But to have
patience) and refrain from marrying maids (would be better for you) in that your children
would be free. (Allah is Forgiving) of the adultery you might commit, (Merciful) when He
gave you a legal dispensation to marry captives in cases of necessity.

Conclusion
In conclusion, the act of zina( sexual intercourse) is prohibited in Islamic law(sharia). This is
because zina is a shameful and evil deed and may lead to the road of evil(others evil deeds).
This act also affect people such as lead to disease, low reputation and dignity, and lead to
negative lifestyles. Thats why in Islamic law there are the punishment to those who commit
this act in order to prevent people from zina that could bring negative effects on people. In
short, sexual intercourse from married couple or unmarried couple is a prohibited act to all
muslim and we as muslim must avoid ourselves from being involved in something that could
lead us to zina.
References

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zina