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Parking Studies Parking Studies: Outline Outline

This document outlines the key components and methods of conducting parking studies. Parking is an important element of transportation planning that influences travel behavior. There are various types of parking studies including comprehensive, limited, and site-specific. The license plate method is the most accurate survey approach where occupancy is recorded at fixed time intervals. Key metrics analyzed include occupancy, accumulation, turnover, and average duration. Students are assigned to perform a field study using this license plate method to collect parking data at a commercial site over multiple time periods.

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zulkis73
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189 views5 pages

Parking Studies Parking Studies: Outline Outline

This document outlines the key components and methods of conducting parking studies. Parking is an important element of transportation planning that influences travel behavior. There are various types of parking studies including comprehensive, limited, and site-specific. The license plate method is the most accurate survey approach where occupancy is recorded at fixed time intervals. Key metrics analyzed include occupancy, accumulation, turnover, and average duration. Students are assigned to perform a field study using this license plate method to collect parking data at a commercial site over multiple time periods.

Uploaded by

zulkis73
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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11/11/2016

Outline
ParkingStudies
Dr.ZahidSultan

WhyParkingStudies

Parkingisanimportantelementinurban
TransportationPlanning
Anyvehiclewillatonetimebeparkedshorttimeor
longertime;
Parking provides access to Land uses;
ParkingprovidesaccesstoLanduses;
ParkingcaninfluenceTravelBehaviour(mode
choice);
ParkingisBusiness needcarfulplanning
ParkingisusedanplanninginstrumentinCBD
Parkandride

Whydoweneedtoconductparkingstudies?
Typesofparkingfacilities
Stepsofparkingstudies
Stepsofanalyzingparkingdata
LicensePlateMethod

ComponentsofParkingStudy
Parkingsupply/demandanalysis
Determinescurrentandfutureparkingsupplyanddemand

Sitealternatives
Involvestheselectionandcomparisonofsitestoresolveparking
shortage

Schematicdesign
Developingthefunctionaldesignforaproposedparkingfacility

Financialfeasibility
Analysisofwho,whatandhowmuchvariouspartiesshouldpayfor
parking

Parkingmanagement
Operationalconsiderationinmanagingparkingspaces

Parkingequipment
Hardwareandsoftwareforcontrollingparkingactivities,fee
collections,andparkingstatus

TypesofParkingStudy
1. Comprehensive
Coversentireareae.g.CBD
Usedtoestimatedemandforparking
Intermsofneedandlocationpreference
Futuredemandsareforecastedbasedonpopulationgrowth,social
andeconomictrends,etc.

2. Limited
Withreducedgeographiccoverage

3. Sitespecific
Geographicallynarrowbutanalyticallyextensive
Initiatedfromplannedorexpandinglandusese.g.
hospitals,shoppingmalls,etc.
Coverstheusersoftheselanduses

TypesofParking
Public
Offstreet
Insidebuildingoratparkinglots
Operatedbyfirms,andareopentothepublic

Onstreet
On street
Curbsideparking
Freeorpaid
Regulated(noparkingovernight,etc.)orunregulated

Private
Home/apartmentgarages
Affiliatespecificparking(permitrequired)

11/11/2016

ParkingDesign
Parallelparking:consumesthemaximumcurblengthandthereforeless
numberofvehiclescanbeparked

tive Effectsofparking
Parkinghassomeilleffectslike;

30Angle parking:morevehiclescanbeparkedcomparedtoparallelparking;
Bettermanoeuvrability.

45Angle parking:morevehiclescanbeparkedcomparedtoparallelparking30Angle;
60AngleParking:
90AngleorPerpendicularParking:

Parkingsurveys

Congestion(Parkingtakesconsiderablestreetspace
leadingtotheloweringoftheroadcapacity.)
Accidents (Carelessmaneuvering ofparkingand
unparking leadstoaccidents)
Pollution
Obstruction tofirefightingoperationsetc

Parkingstatistics
Thefollowingparkingstatisticsarenormallyimportant

Themostcommonparkingsurveysare:
Inoutsurvey
Fixedperiodsampling
Licenseplatemethodofsurvey

Parkingvolume: Itsthetotalnumberofvehiclesparkedatagiven
durationoftime.Thisdoesnotaccountforrepetitionofvehicles.
Theactualvolumeofvehiclesenteredintheareaisrecorded.
Parkingload : Totalnumberofvehiclesaccumulatedattheendof
eachtimeintervalmultiplybytime.

Itisexpressedasvehiclehours.

Parkingstatistics

ParkingStudies

No.ofparrked
cars

Accumulation checkedaboutevery2hr
basis
Demandfluctuates.

Timeofday

Turnoverand(maxpermissible)duration
T=(No.ofdifferentvehiclesparked)/(No.ofparkingspaces)
ParkingAccumulationataParkingLot

11/11/2016

ParkingStudies
TurnoverandDuration:

Forexample,ifthemaximumpermissibledurationof
parkingatacurbfaceis1hour,asuitableintervalis
every20minutes.
If th
Ifthepermissibledurationis2hours,checkingevery
i ibl d ti i 2 h
h ki
30minuteswouldbeappropriate.Turnoveristhen
obtainedfromtheequation

Fourstepsofparkingstudies
1. Inventoryofexistingparkingfacilities
2. Collectionofdataonparkingaccumulation,
parking turnover and parking duration
parkingturnover,andparkingduration
3. Identificationofparkinggenerators
4. Collectionofinformationonparking
demand

Parkingstatistics
Average parking duration: It is the ratio of total vehicle
hours to the number of vehicles parked.

ParkingEfficiency: Parkingefficiencyisdefinedastheratioofnumberofbays
occupiedinatimedurationtothetotalspaceavailable.

InOutSurvey
Theoccupancycountintheselectedparkinglotistakenatthe
beginning.
Thenthenumberofvehiclesthatenter/leavetheparkinglot
foraparticulartimeintervaliscounted.
Thefinaloccupancyintheparkinglotisalsotaken.
p y
p
g
Verylesslabourrequired.
Butwewontgetanydataregardingthetimedurationfor
whichaparticularvehicleusedthatparkinglot.
Parkingdurationandturnoverisnotobtained.
Hencewecannotestimatetheparkingfarefromthissurvey.

Fixedperiodsampling
Thisisalmostsimilartoinoutsurvey.
Allvehiclesarecountedatthebeginningof
thesurvey.Thenafterafixedtimeinterval
h
h
f
fi d i
i
l
thatmayvarybetween15minutestoi hour,
thecountisagaintaken.

ParkingAnalysis:LicensePlate
Method

11/11/2016

Example

LicensePlateMethod
Themostaccurateandthemostcommonmethod
Bays/Stallsaremonitoredatfixedintervale.g.15
minutes
Indicators:
No. of spaces occupied
Occupancy(%)=
100
Total spaces
p
available

Stall/Bay
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

Accumulation =No.ofvehiclesparkedatagiventime
Turnover= No.ofvehiclesutilizingthesamestallovera
periodoftime
Total vehicle hours
Averageduration= Total number
of vehicles that parked

Time

No.Stall/
Bays

Time

(2)

(3)

(4)

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

0 15

15 30

30 45

45 60

0 15

15 30

30 45

45 60

Turnover

456

813

678

945

945

945

945

473

463

463

463

741

741

758

825

884

884

594

357

893

895

895

895

932

932

932

653

653

998

821

10

321

789

789

11

213

213

321

778

12

567

667

778

888

Accumulation

10

11

11

27

Occupancy%

83%

92%

75%

92%

2.25

LicensePlateSurvey
12:00

PERMIT

4789

4789

4789

4789

1617

1617

1617

3827

3827

5
6

9010

VISITO
OR

7
ALL
PERMIT
VISITOR

511

511

1245

8231

5463

5463

12:30

6967

4353

12:45

12:00

12:15

12:30

12:45

4560
678
945
463
825
594
893
895

821
789
778
888

Parkingvolume=Sumoftheturnoverinallthestalls=27veh.
Averageturnover==27/12=2.25
Averageduration=

=22.78minutes/veh

Occupancy: For first time interval of 15 minutes occupancy = (10


Occupancy:Forfirsttimeintervalof15minutes,occupancy=(10
x100)/12=83%.
Averageoccupancy=

=85.42%.

Parkingload==10.25vehiclehours
Efficiency=

=85.42%

Turnover

6967

7833

9966

1530
813
945
463
741
884
357
895
932
653

213
667

ComputationsofAverageDuration

Type

12:15

015
456
945
473
741
884
VISITORS

932
653
321
213
567

Turnover=vehiclespresentinthatstallforthatparticularhour.

(1)

Stall

Time
3045

945
463
758

895
932
998
789
321
778

Type

ACCUMULATION

Ave. T/O

% OCCUPANCY

71%

71%

71%

86%

1.71

ACCUMULATION

Ave. T/O

% OCCUPANCY

50%

100%

100%

100%

1.00

ACCUMULATION

Ave. T/O

% OCCUPANCY

100%

75%

75%

100%

2.50

ALL
PERMIT
VISITOR

ACCUMULATION

% OCCUPANCY

71%

71%

71%

86%

1.71

ACCUMULATION

Ave. T/O

% OCCUPANCY

50%

100%

100%

100%

1.00

ACCUMULATION

Ave. T/O

100%

75%

75%

100%

2 50
2.50

% OCCUPANCY

Accumulation

Total
Accumulation
(vehicles)
[1]

Survey
Interval
(mins)
[2]

Total
Parked
(vehicles)
[3]

Ave. T/O

Average
Duration
(minutes)
[1]x[2]/[3]

All

21

15

12

26.25

Permit

15

52.50

Visitors

14

15

10

21.00

11/11/2016

FieldStudy
Field
Study

FieldStudy
FieldStudy
Nextweek
Next week

Selectaparkingareaaroundacommerciallanduse.
PerformaparkingstudyusingtheLicensePlate
method.Computethefollowing:
%Occupancy
Accumulation
AverageTurnover
AverageDuration

UseT=15minutesintervalwithminimum18
Stalland23hours

THANK YOU..!!!
Questions
Questions..??
??

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