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Notebook 3

Electromagnetic radiation is a form of energy that results from electric and magnetic disturbances in space. It includes gamma rays, x-rays, ultraviolet, visible light, infrared, microwave, and radio waves. Electromagnetic radiation travels as waves and does not require a medium, as it can travel through a vacuum. Particulate radiation consists of small, fast-moving particles of matter that originate from atomic nuclei. Particulate radiation can ionize matter and affect anything it interacts with. X-rays have properties of both waves and particles, travel at the speed of light, are highly penetrating, cause fluorescence in crystals, and can cause biological changes.

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Notebook 3

Electromagnetic radiation is a form of energy that results from electric and magnetic disturbances in space. It includes gamma rays, x-rays, ultraviolet, visible light, infrared, microwave, and radio waves. Electromagnetic radiation travels as waves and does not require a medium, as it can travel through a vacuum. Particulate radiation consists of small, fast-moving particles of matter that originate from atomic nuclei. Particulate radiation can ionize matter and affect anything it interacts with. X-rays have properties of both waves and particles, travel at the speed of light, are highly penetrating, cause fluorescence in crystals, and can cause biological changes.

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© © All Rights Reserved
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Notebook #3 Revisions

9
Notebook #3

Radiation

Definition

Properties

Electromagnetic
(EM)

Form of energy
that is the result
of electric and
magnetic
disturbances in
space

Sound and ocean


waves are
disturbances of
mediums
Carries energy in
waves of electrical &
magnetic
disturbances
Includes gamma
rays, x-rays,
ultraviolet, visible
light, infrared,
microwave, and
radio waves
No mass
Frequency
(number if waves
that passes a
particular point in a
given time frame, or
the number of cycles
per second),
wavelength
(distance between
any two successive
points on a wave),
velocity (speed of
light- constant),
amplitude (intensity
of a wave defined by
its maximal height)
properties

Particulate

Small particles
of matter
moving through
space at a very
high velocity

Intensity varies
with distance
Can ionize matter
Can affect the
matter it travels
through/ interacts
with
Can burn skin and
cause chemical
changes in cells
Half- Life: time
taken for the

Origina
te From
The
atom

Nucleas
ePancrea
s
releases
nucleas
es

Notebook #3 Revisions

10
radioactivity of a
specified isotope to
fall to half its original
value

Wave Theory

Electromagnetic energy travels


as a wave.
They do not need a medium to
travel through it.
It can travel in a vacuum.
Lower energy photons act as
waves.
All waves have frequency,
wavelength, amplitude, and
period.

Fundamental Properties of X-Rays


Exist at the speed of light or not at all
Have the properties of both matter and energy
Highly penetrating- very short wavelengths
Cause certain crystals to fluoresce
Cause biologic changes
Affects photographic film
Travels in straight lines
Cannot be focused by a lens
Electrically neutral
Diverge from their source
X-ray beam is heterogeneous (contains a wide range of wavelengths)

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