SECTION : 1D

ENGINE COOLING
CAUTION : Disconnect the negative battery cable before removing or installing any electrical unit or when a tool
or equipment could easily come in contact with exposed electrical terminals. Disconnecting this cable will help
prevent personal injury and damage to the vehicle. The ignition must also be in LOCK unless otherwise noted.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
SPECIFICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1D2
Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1D2
Fastener Tightening Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . 1D2
SPECIAL TOOLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1D2
Special Tools Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1D2
DIAGNOSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1D3
Thermostat Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1D3
Surge Tank Cap Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1D3
Cooling System Diagnosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1D4
COMPONENT LOCATOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1D5
Radiator/Fan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1D5

Draining and Refilling the Cooling System . . . . . 1D8

Thermostat (1.4L/1.6L DOHC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1D9
Thermostat (1.8L DOHC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1D10
Water Pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1D11
Electric Cooling Fan Main or Auxiliary . . . . . . 1D13
Surge Tank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1D14
Radiator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1D16
GENERAL DESCRIPTION AND SYSTEM
OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1D18
General Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1D18
Radiator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1D18

MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1D8

Surge Tank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Water Pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Thermostat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electric Cooling Fan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ONVEHICLE SERVICE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1D8

Engine Block Heater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1D19

Water Pump/Thermostat (1.4L/1.6L DOHC) . . . 1D6

Water Pump/Thermostat (1.8L DOHC) . . . . . . . 1D7

1D18
1D18
1D18
1D19

1D 2IENGINE COOLING

SPECIFICATIONS
CAPACITY
Application

Description

Coolant in the Cooling System

(1.4L/1.6L DOHC MPFI System)

7.0L (1.85 gal) for automatic transaxle

7.0L (1.85 gal) for manual transaxle

Coolant in the Cooling System

(1.8L DOHC MPFI System)

7.1L (1.88 gal) for automatic transaxle

7.1L (1.88 gal) for manual transaxle

FASTENER TIGHTENING SPECIFICATIONS

Application

NSm

LbFt

LbIn

Water Pump Mounting Bolts (1.4L/1.6L DOHC)

10

89

Water Pump Mounting Bolts (1.8L DOHC)

25

18

Fan Assembly Mounting Bolts

35

3.2

28

Fan Motor Retaining Screws

35

Radiator Retaining Bolts, Upper Left and Upper Right

71

Surge Tank Attaching Bolt

44

Thermostat Housing Mounting Bolts (1.6L DOHC)

20

15

Thermostat Housing Mounting Bolts (1.8L DOHC)

15

11

Fan Motor Nut

SPECIAL TOOLS
SPECIAL TOOLS TABLE

KM471
Adapter

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ENGINE COOLING 1D 3

DIAGNOSIS
THERMOSTAT TEST
1.
2.

3.

4.
5.
6.

Remove the thermostat from the vehicle. Refer to

Thermostat in this section.
Make sure the valve spring is tight when the thermostat is fully closed. If the spring is not tight, replace the thermostat.
Suspend the thermostat and a thermometer in a
pan of 50/50 mixture of ethylene glycol and water.
Do not let the thermostat or the thermometer rest
on the bottom of the pan because the uneven concentration of heat on the bottom could result in inaccurate temperature measurements.
Heat the pan on a burner.
Use the thermometer to measure the temperature
of the heated solution.
The thermostat should begin to open at 87C
(189F) and it should be fully open at 102C
(216F). If it does not open at these temperatures,
replace the thermostat.

1.

2.

3.
4.

5.
6.

Wash any sludge from the surge tank cap and the
valve seat of the vacuum pressure valve for the
surge tank cap.
Check for any damage or deformity to the vacuum
pressure valve for the surge tank cap. If any damage or deformity is found, replace the cap.
Install a suitable cooling system pressure tester to
the cap using the adapter KM471.
Pull the vacuum pressure valve open. If the surge
tank cap does not seal properly, replace the surge
tank cap.
Pressurize the cap to 90 to 120 kPa (13.1 to 17.4
psi).
Wait 10 seconds and check the pressure held by
the tank cap tester.

SURGE TANK CAP TEST

Tools Required
KM471 Adapter
The surge tank cap maintains proper pressure, protects
the system from high pressure by opening a pressure
valve, and protects the coolant hoses from collapsing because of a vacuum.

DAEWOO V121 BL4

7.

If the pressure held by the cooling system pressure

tester falls below 80 kPa (11.6 psi), replace the
surge tank cap.

1D 4IENGINE COOLING

COOLING SYSTEM DIAGNOSIS

Engine Overheats
Checks

Action

Check for a loss of the coolant.

Add the coolant.

Check for a weak coolant solution.

Confirm that the coolant solution is a 50/50 mixture of ethylene glycol and water.

Check the front of the radiator for any dirt, any leaves, or
any insects.

Clean the front of the radiator.

Check for leakage from the hoses, the coolant pump, the
heater, the thermostat housing, the radiator, the core
plugs, or the head gasket.

Replace any damaged components.

Check for a faulty thermostat.

Replace a damaged thermostat.

Check for retarded ignition timing.

Perform an ECM code diagnosis. Confirm the integrity of

the timing belt.

Check for an improperly operating electric cooling fan.

Replace the electric cooling fan.

Check for radiator hoses that are plugged or rotted.

Replace any damaged radiator hoses.

Check for a faulty water pump.

Replace a faulty water pump.

Check for a faulty surge tank cap.

Replace a faulty surge tank cap.

Check for a cylinder head or an engine block that is

cracked or plugged.

Repair the damaged cylinder head or the damaged engine

block.

Loss of Coolant
Checks

Action

Check for a leak in the radiator.

Replace a damaged radiator.

Check for a leak in the following locations:

Replace the following parts, as needed:

S
S

Surge tank.
Hose.

S
S

Surge tank.
Hose.

Check for loose or damaged radiator hoses, heater hoses,

and connections.

Reseat the hoses.

Replace the hoses or the clamps.

Check for leaks in the coolant pump seal.

Replace the coolant pump seal.

Check for leaks in the coolant pump gasket.

Replace the coolant pump gasket.

Check for an improper cylinder head torque.

Tighten the cylinder head bolts to specifications.

Replace the cylinder head gasket, if needed.

Check for leaks in the following locations:

Repair or replace any components, as needed, to correct

the leak.

S
S
S
S
S

Intake manifold.
Cylinder head gasket.
Cylinder block plug.
Heater core.
Radiator drain plug.

Engine Fails to Reach Normal Operating Temperature or Cool Air

from the Heater
Checks

Action

Check to determine if the thermostat is stuck open or is the

wrong type of thermostat.

Install a new thermostat of the correct type and heat range.

Check the coolant level to determine if it is below the MIN

mark on the surge tank.

Add sufficient coolant to raise the fluid to the specified

mark on the surge tank.
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ENGINE COOLING 1D 5

COMPONENT LOCATOR
RADIATOR/FAN

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Holder Transmission Fluid Pipe (Automatic Transmission Only)

Upper Radiator Bumper
Front Upper Center Panel
Radiator
Lower Radiator Bumper

DAEWOO V121 BL4

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

Spring Clamp
Upper Radiator Hose
Main Cooling Fan
Auxiliary Cooling Fan
Drain Cock

1D 6IENGINE COOLING

WATER PUMP/THERMOSTAT (1.4L/1.6L DOHC)

1.
2.
3.

Cylinder Block Seal Ring

Seal Ring
Thermostat Housing

4.
5.
6.

Bolt
Bolt
Water Pump

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ENGINE COOLING 1D 7

WATER PUMP/THERMOSTAT (1.8L DOHC)

1.
2.
3.
4.

Seal Ring
Thermostat
Thermostat Housing
Thermostat Housing Mounting Bolt

DAEWOO V121 BL4

5.
6.
7.

Coolant Pump Mounting Bolt

Coolant Pump
Seal Ring

1D 8IENGINE COOLING

MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR

ONVEHICLE SERVICE
DRAINING AND REFILLING THE
COOLING SYSTEM
CAUTION : Do not remove the surge tank cap while
the engine and the radiator are hot. Scalding fluid and
steam may be blown out under pressure.
1. Place a pan below the vehicle to catch the draining
coolant.
2. Remove the surge tank cap.
3. Unplug the drain cock.

CAUTION : Dispose of the used coolant to a used

coolant holding tank to be picked up with the used oil
for disposal. Never pour the used coolant down the
drain. Ethylene glycol antifreeze is an extremely toxic
chemical. Disposing of it into the sewer system or the
ground water can contaminate the local environment.
4. Catch the escaping fluid in a drain pan.
5. Remove all sludge and dirt from inside the surge
tank. Refer to Surge Tank in this section.
6. Plug the drain cock.
7. Add the clean water to the surge tank.
8. Fill the tank slowly so that the upper reservoir hose
remains above the water line. This allows the air
inside the cooling system to escape.
9. Start the engine.
10. Run the engine until the thermostat opens. You can
tell the thermostat is open when both radiator
hoses are hot to the touch.
11. Stop the engine.
12. Repeat Steps 1 through 9 until the drained water is
clear and free of coolant and rust.
Notice : Never use an antifreeze mixture more concentrated than 60 percent antifreeze to 40 percent water. The
solution freezing point increases above this concentration.
13. Fill the cooling system through the surge tank with
a mixture of ethylene glycol antifreeze and water.
The mixture must be at least 50 percent antifreeze,
but not more than 60 percent antifreeze.
14. Fill the surge tank to the specified MAX fill mark on
the outside of the tank.

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ENGINE COOLING 1D 9

THERMOSTAT (1.4L/1.6L DOHC)

Removal Procedure
CAUTION : To prevent personal injury, do not remove
the surge tank cap while the engine and the radiator
are hot because the heat causes the system to remain
under pressure. Scalding fluid and steam may be
blown out under pressure.
1. Drain the coolant. Refer to Draining and Refilling
the Cooling System in this section.
2. Loosen the hose clamp on the upper radiator hose
at the thermostat housing.
3. Disconnect the upper radiator hose from the thermostat housing.
4. Loosen the clamp on the bypass hose.
5. Disconnect the bypass hose from the thermostat
housing.
6.

Remove the mounting bolts that hold the thermostat housing to the cylinder head.
7. Remove the thermostat housing from the head.
8. Remove the Oring seal from the head.
9. Check the valve seat for foreign matter that could
prevent the valve from seating properly.
10. Check the thermostat for proper operation. Refer to
Thermostat Test in this section.
11. Clean the thermostat housing and the cylinder head
mating surfaces.

Installation Procedure
1.
2.
3.

Coat the sealing surface of a new Oring seal with

Lubriplater.
Install a new Oring seal into the recess in the cylinder head.
Secure the thermostat housing to the cylinder head
with the mounting bolts.

Tighten
Tighten the thermostat housing mounting bolts to 20
NSm (15 lbft).

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1D 10IENGINE COOLING
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Connect the upper radiator hose to the thermostat

housing.
Secure the upper radiator hose to the thermostat
housing with a hose clamp.
Connect the bypass hose to the thermostat housing.
Secure the bypass hose with a hose clamp.
Refill the engine cooling system. Refer to Draining
and Refilling the Cooling System in this section.

THERMOSTAT (1.8L DOHC)

Removal Procedure
CAUTION : To prevent personal injury, do not remove
the surge tank cap while the engine and the radiator
are hot because the heat causes the system to remain
under pressure. Scalding fluid and steam may be
blown out under pressure.
1. Drain the coolant. Refer to Draining and Refilling
the Cooling System in this section.
2. Loosen the hose clamp on the upper radiator hose
at the thermostat housing.
3. Disconnect the upper radiator hose from the thermostat housing.
4.
5.

Remove the mounting bolts that hold the thermostat housing to the cylinder head.
Remove the thermostat housing from the cylinder
head.

6.
7.

Remove the seal ring from the thermostat housing.

Remove the thermostat from the thermostat housing by pressing the thermostat mounting flange
downward and then rotating the flange clockwise.
8. Inspect the valve seat for foreign matter that could
prevent the valve from sealing properly.
9. Inspect the thermostat for proper operation. Refer
to Thermostat Test in this section.
10. Clean the thermostat housing and the cylinder head
mating surfaces.

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ENGINE COOLING 1D 11
Installation Procedure
1.

2.
3.

4.
5.

Install the thermostat into the thermostat housing

by pressing the thermostat mounting flange downward and then rotating the flange counterclockwise.
Rotate the thermostat mounting flange until it is
seated in the thermostat housing recesses.
Coat the sealing surface of a new seal ring with
Lubriplater.
Install a new seal ring into the recess in the thermostat housing.

Install the thermostat housing to the cylinder head.

Secure the thermostat housing to the cylinder head
with the mounting bolts.

Tighten
Tighten the thermostat housing mounting bolts to 15
NSm (11 lbft).

6.
7.
8.

Connect the upper radiator hose to the thermostat

housing.
Secure the upper radiator hose to the thermostat
housing with a hose clamp.
Refill the engine cooling system. Refer to Draining
and Refilling the Cooling System in this section.

WATER PUMP
Removal Procedure
1.

2.
3.
4.

DAEWOO V121 BL4

Drain the engine cooling system to a level below

the thermostat housing. Refer to Draining and Refilling the Cooling System in this section.
Remove the timing belt. Refer to Section 1C DOHC
Engine Mechanical.
Remove the timing belt tension roller retaining bolt.
Remove the timing belt tension roller.

1D 12IENGINE COOLING
5.
6.
7.

Remove the water pump mounting bolts.

Remove the water pump from the engine block.
Remove the ring seal from the water pump.

Inspection Cleaning Procedure

1.
2.
3.

4.

Inspect the water pump body for cracks and leaks.

Inspect the water pump bearing for play or abnormal noise.
Inspect the water pump pulley for excessive wear.
If the water pump is defective, replace the water
pump as a unit.
Clean the mating surfaces of the water pump and
the engine block.

Installation Procedure
1.
2.
3.

4.

Install a new ring seal to the water pump.

Coat the sealing surface of the ring seal with Lubriplater.
Install the water pump to the engine block with the
flange aligned with the recess of the rear timing belt
cover.
Secure the water pump to the engine block with the
mounting bolts.

Tighten
Tighten the water pump mounting bolts to 25 NSSm
(18 lbft).
5.

6.
7.
8.

Install the timing belt tension roller to the oil pump

with the flange inserted into the recess of the oil
pump.
Install the timing belt tension roller bolt. Do not
tighten the bolt at this time.
Install the timing belt. Refer to Section 1C, DOHC
Engine Mechanical.
Refill the engine cooling system. Refer to Draining
and Refilling the Cooling System in this section.

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ENGINE COOLING 1D 13

ELECTRIC COOLING FAN MAIN OR

AUXILIARY
Removal Procedure
1.
2.
3.
4.

Disconnect the negative battery cable.

Disconnect the cooling fan electrical connector.
Remove the fan shroud mounting bolts.
Lift the fan shroud assembly upward, and remove
the fan shroud assembly from the vehicle.

5.
6.

Remove the fan blade from the fan shroud assembly by removing the nut at the center of the fan hub.
Turn over the fan shroud assembly.

7.
8.

Remove the fan motor retaining screws.

Remove the fan motor from the shroud.

Installation Procedure
CAUTION : If a fan blade is bent or damaged in any
way, no attempt should be made to repair or reuse the
damaged part. A bent or damaged fan assembly must
be replaced with a new fan assembly. It is essential
that fan assemblies remain in proper balance. A fan
assembly that is not in proper balance can fail and fly
apart during use, creating extreme danger. Proper
balance cannot be assured on a fan assembly that
has been bent or damaged.
1. Install the fan motor to the shroud.
2. Secure the motor to the shroud with the retaining
screws.

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1D 14IENGINE COOLING
Tighten
3.

4.

Tighten the fan motor retaining screws to 4 NSm (35

lbin).
Turn over the fan shroud assembly.

Install the fan to the fan shroud assembly with the

single nut in the center of the fan hub.

Tighten
Tighten the fan motor nut to 3.2 NSm (28 lbin).

5.

Install the fan shroud assembly to the radiator.

Important : Be careful to seat the mounting post on the

fan shroud into the socket at the radiator left tank. Be sure
to slip the tab at the bottom edge of the shroud into the retaining clip near the center of the radiator.
6.

Secure the shroud to the top of the radiator with the

mounting bolts.

Tighten
Tighten the fan assembly mounting bolts to 4 NSm (35
lbin).
7.
8.

Connect the cooling fan electrical connector.

Connect the negative battery cable.

SURGE TANK
Removal Procedure
CAUTION : To prevent personal injury, do not remove
the surge tank cap while the engine and the radiator
are hot, because the heat causes the system to remain under pressure. Scalding fluid and steam may
be blown out under pressure.
1. Drain the engine coolant to below the level of the
surge tank.
2. Loosen the return hose clamp and disconnect the
return hose from the top of the surge tank.

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ENGINE COOLING 1D 15
3.

4.

5.
6.
7.
8.

Loosen the throttle body hose clamp and disconnect the throttle body hose from the top of the
surge tank.
Loosen the feed hose clamp and disconnect the
feed hose from the bottom of the surge tank.

Remove the surge tank attaching bolt.

Remove the surge tank from the support mount.
Clean the inside and the outside of the surge tank
and the surge tank cap with soap and water.
Rinse the surge tank and the cap thoroughly.

Installation Procedure
1.
2.

Install the surge tank to the support mount.

Secure the surge tank with the attaching bolt.

Tighten
Tighten the surge tank attaching bolt to 5 NSm (44 lb
in).

3.
4.
5.

6.

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Connect the return hose and the throttle body hose

to the top of the surge tank.
Connect the feed hose to the bottom of the surge
tank.
Secure the return hose, the throttle body hose, and
the feed hose to the surge tank with the hose
clamps.
Fill the surge tank with the coolant to the center
ridge, or to the MAX mark.

1D 16IENGINE COOLING

RADIATOR
Removal Procedure
1.
2.
3.

4.
5.
6.
7.

Disconnect the negative battery cable.

Drain the engine cooling system. Refer to Draining
and Refilling the Cooling System in this section.
Remove the main and the auxiliary cooling fans.
Refer to Electric Cooling Fan Main or Auxiliary
in this section.
Remove the upper radiator retaining bolt.
Remove the upper radiator retaining bracket.
Remove the upper radiator hose clamp.
Disconnect the upper radiator hose from the radiator.

8.

Remove the hose clamp from the surge tank hose

at the radiator.
9. Disconnect the surge tank hose from the radiator.
10. Remove the lower radiator hose clamp.
11. Disconnect the lower radiator hose from the radiator.
12. Disconnect the transaxle cooler pipes from the lower radiator tank, if equipped.
13. Remove the bolt and the transaxle pipe support
clamp from the radiator.
14. Remove the radiator from the vehicle.
Important : The radiator still contains a substantial
amount of coolant. Drain the remainder of the coolant from
the radiator into a drain pan.

Installation Procedure
1.

Set the radiator into place in the vehicle with the

radiator bottom posts in the rubber shock bumpers.

2.

Connect the transaxle cooler pipes to the lower radiator tank, if equipped.
3. Install the transaxle pipe and support clamp to the
radiator with a bolt.
4. Connect the surge tank hose to the radiator.
5. Secure the surge tank hose with a hose clamp.
6. Connect the upper radiator hose and the lower radiator hose to the radiator.
7. Secure each hose with a hose clamp.
8. Position the radiator retainers in place.
9. Install the upper radiator retainer bracket.
10. Install the upper radiator retaining bolt.

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ENGINE COOLING 1D 17
11. Install the main and the auxiliary cooling fans. Refer
to Electric Cooling Fan Main or Auxiliary in this
section.
12. Refill the engine cooling system. Refer to Draining
and Refilling the Cooling System in this section.
13. Connect the negative battery cable.

Tighten
Tighten the radiator retaining bolt to 8 NSm (71 lbin).

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1D 18IENGINE COOLING

GENERAL DESCRIPTION
AND SYSTEM OPERATION
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The cooling system maintains the engine temperature at
an efficient level during all engine operating conditions.
When the engine is cold, the cooling system cools the engine slowly or not at all. This slow cooling of the engine allows the engine to warm up quickly.
The cooling system includes a radiator and recovery subsystem, cooling fans, a thermostat and housing, a coolant
pump, and a coolant pump drive belt. The timing belt
drives the coolant pump.
All components must function properly in order for the
cooling system to operate. The coolant pump draws the
coolant from the radiator. The coolant then circulates
through water jackets in the engine block, the intake manifold, and the cylinder head. When the coolant reaches the
operating temperature of the thermostat, the thermostat
opens. The coolant then goes back to the radiator where
it cools.
This system directs some coolant through the hoses to the
heater core. This provides for heating and defrosting. The
surge tank is connected to the radiator to recover the coolant displaced by expansion from the high temperatures.
The surge tank maintains the correct coolant level.
The cooling system for this vehicle has no radiator cap or
filler neck. The coolant is added to the cooling system
through the surge tank.

When the engine stops, the engine coolant cools and contracts. The displaced engine coolant is then drawn back
into the radiator and the engine. This keeps the radiator
filled with the coolant to the desired level at all times and
increases the cooling efficiency.
Maintain the coolant level between the MIN and the MAX
marks on the surge tank when the system is cold.

WATER PUMP
The beltdriven centrifugal water pump consists of an impeller, a drive shaft, and a belt pulley. The water pump is
mounted on the front of the transversemounted engine,
and is driven by the timing belt.
The impeller is supported by a completely sealed bearing.
The water pump is serviced as an assembly and, therefore, cannot be disassembled.

THERMOSTAT
A wax pellettype thermostat controls the flow of the engine coolant through the engine cooling system. The thermostat is mounted in the thermostat housing to the front
of the cylinder head.
The thermostat stops the flow of the engine coolant from
the engine to the radiator in order to provide faster warm
up, and to regulate the coolant temperature. The thermostat remains closed while the engine coolant is cold, preventing circulation of the engine coolant through the
radiator. At this point, the engine coolant is allowed to circulate only throughout the heater core to warm it quickly
and evenly.

This vehicle has a lightweight tubeandfin aluminum radiator. Plastic tanks are mounted on the right and the left
sides of the radiator core.

As the engine warms, the thermostat opens. This allows

the engine coolant to flow through the radiator, where the
heat is dissipated through the radiator. This opening and
closing of the thermostat permits enough engine coolant
to enter the radiator to keep the engine within proper engine temperature operating limits.

On vehicles equipped with automatic transaxles, the

transaxle fluid cooler lines run through the left radiator
tank. A radiator drain cock is on this radiator.

The wax pellet in the thermostat is hermetically sealed in

a metal case. The wax element of the thermostat expands
when it is heated and contracts when it is cooled.

To drain the cooling system, open the drain cock.

As the vehicle is driven and the engine warms, the engine

coolant temperature increases. When the engine coolant
reaches a specified temperature, the wax pellet element
in the thermostat expands and exerts pressure against the
metal case, forcing the valve open. This allows the engine
coolant to flow through the engine cooling system and cool
the engine.

RADIATOR

SURGE TANK
The surge tank is a transparent plastic reservoir, similar to
the windshield washer reservoir.
The surge tank is connected to the radiator by a hose and
to the engine cooling system by another hose. As the vehicle is driven, the engine coolant heats and expands. The
portion of the engine coolant displaced by this expansion
flows from the radiator and the engine into the surge tank.
The air trapped in the radiator and the engine is degassed
into the surge tank.

As the wax pellet cools, the contraction allows a spring to

close the valve.
The thermostat begins to open at 87C (189F) and is fully
open at 102C (216F). The thermostat closes at 86C
(187F).

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ENGINE COOLING 1D 19

ELECTRIC COOLING FAN

A/C OFF or NonA/C Model (1.8L)

S

CAUTION : Keep hands, tools, and clothing away

from the engine cooling fans to help prevent personal
injury. This fan is electric and can turn ON whether or
not the engine is running.
CAUTION : If a fan blade is bent or damaged in any
way, no attempt should be made to repair or reuse the
damaged part. A bent or damaged fan assembly
should always be replaced with a new one. Failure to
do so can result in personal injury.
The cooling fans are mounted behind the radiator in the
engine compartment. The electric cooling fans increase
the flow of air across the radiator fins and across the condenser on air condition (A/C)equipped vehicles. This
helps to speed cooling when the vehicle is at idle or moving
at low speeds.
1.4L DOHC engine fan size is 340mm (13.4 in.) and
1.6L/1.8L DOHC engine main fan size is 300 mm (11.8
inches) in diameter with five blades to aid the air flow
through the radiator and the condenser. An electric motor
attached to the radiator support drives the fan.
A/C models have two fans the main fan and the auxiliary
fan. The auxiliary fan is 300 mm (11.8 inches) in diameter.
NonA/C models have only the main fan.

A/C OFF or NonA/C Model (1.4L/1.6L)

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The cooling fans are actuated by the electronic

control module (ECM) using a lowspeed cooling
fan relay and a highspeed cooling fan relay. On
A/Cequipped vehicles, a series/parallel cooling fan
relay is also used.
The ECM will turn the cooling fans on at low speed
when the coolant temperature reaches 97.5C
(207.5F) and the cooling fans off at 95.25C
(203.4F).

DAEWOO V121 BL4

The cooling fans are actuated by the electronic

control module (ECM) using a lowspeed cooling
fan relay and a highspeed cooling fan relay. On
A/Cequipped vehicles, a series/parallel cooling fan
relay is also used.
The ECM will turn the cooling fans on at low speed
when the coolant temperature reaches 93C
(199F) and the cooling fans off at 90C (194F).

A/C ON (1.4L/1.6L)
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The ECM will turn the cooling fans on at low speed

when the A/C system is on. The ECM will change
to high speed when the coolant temperature reaches 101.25C (214F) or the high side A/C pressure
reaches 1859 kPa (270 psi).
The cooling fans will return to low speed when the
coolant temperature reaches 99C (210F) and the
high side A/C pressure reaches 1449 kPa (210 psi).

A/C ON (1.8L)
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The ECM will turn the cooling fans on at low speed

when the A/C system is on. The ECM will change
to high speed when the coolant temperature reaches 97C (207F) or the high side A/C pressure
reaches 1859 kPa (270 psi).
The cooling fans will return to low speed when the
coolant temperature reaches 94C (201F) and the
high side A/C pressure reaches 1449 kPa (210 psi).

ENGINE BLOCK HEATER

The vehicle is designed to accept an engine block heater
that helps to warm the engine and to improve starting in
cold weather. It also can help to reduce fuel consumption
while a cold engine warms up.
The engine block heater is located under the intake manifold and uses an existing expansion plug for installation.