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    Fire Effects On Building Materials

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    Building materials have varying degrees of resistance to fire depending on their composition. Wood burns readily while steel loses strength and deforms at high temperatures but does not combust. Masonry like brick and concrete are generally fire resistant but can crack or spall under prolonged heat or sudden cooling. Miscellaneous materials like plastics, asphalt, glass and fiberboard range from non-combustible to highly flammable depending on their chemical makeup. There are two main types of fire retardants: surface coatings that form protective blisters, and impregnation of chemicals into a material's pores during processing.

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    Fire Effects On Building Materials

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    Building materials have varying degrees of resistance to fire depending on their composition. Wood burns readily while steel loses strength and deforms at high temperatures but does not combust. Masonry like brick and concrete are generally fire resistant but can crack or spall under prolonged heat or sudden cooling. Miscellaneous materials like plastics, asphalt, glass and fiberboard range from non-combustible to highly flammable depending on their chemical makeup. There are two main types of fire retardants: surface coatings that form protective blisters, and impregnation of chemicals into a material's pores during processing.

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    Arson Report

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    Suma.handouts

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    Building materials have varying degrees of resistance to fire depending on their composition. Wood burns readily while steel loses strength and deforms at high temperatures but does not combust. Masonry like brick and concrete are generally fire resistant but can crack or spall under prolonged heat or sudden cooling. Miscellaneous materials like plastics, asphalt, glass and fiberboard range from non-combustible to highly flammable depending on their chemical makeup. There are two main types of fire retardants: surface coatings that form protective blisters, and impregnation of chemicals into a material's pores during processing.

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    36 views4 pages

    Fire Effects On Building Materials

    Uploaded by

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    Building materials have varying degrees of resistance to fire depending on their composition. Wood burns readily while steel loses strength and deforms at high temperatures but does not combust. Masonry like brick and concrete are generally fire resistant but can crack or spall under prolonged heat or sudden cooling. Miscellaneous materials like plastics, asphalt, glass and fiberboard range from non-combustible to highly flammable depending on their chemical makeup. There are two main types of fire retardants: surface coatings that form protective blisters, and impregnation of chemicals into a material's pores during processing.

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    of 4

    Daniel Bryan L.

    Sumalinog
    CDI6

    BS-Criminology

    / MWF / 6:15-7:15
    Quadizar

    Mr.

    Emerson

    Fire Effects on Building Materials


    -Building materials have varying degrees of resistance to
    fire, depending to their composition, arrangement, and the
    amount of heat generated in the fire. There is no such thing
    as fire proof, since all building materials are affected by fire.

    Effects of Fire on Various Materials


    1. Wood
    - Wood burns with an open fire and it chars depending upon
    its type, condition, thickness. Laminated wood girders etc., will
    burn more readily than solid timbers of the same dimensions.
    2. Steel
    - In its usual form is non-combustible, however, steel wool
    and filing can be ignited under certain conditions. In a burning
    building, structural steel may heat rapidly, lose its strength and
    deform. All metal sheet panels, siding roofs and partitions tend to
    deform under fire condition.
    3. Masonry
    -In general brick, stone and concrete are considered fire
    resistant. Under condition of prolong exposure of heat, may
    crack/spall. If suddenly cooled by water, it may also crack/spall.
    4. Miscellaneous
    - In addition to the three common building materials. There
    are types of materials are normally used for interior finishes,
    roofing or decorative purposes. These are the following
    materials:

    Plastic sheeting
    - A translucent, corrugated, plastic-impregnated fiber
    glass panels used for natural illumination of structures. Their
    combustibility varies according to the type of plastic used as
    a binder.

    Asphalt
    -

    Asbestos

    siding,

    and

    shingles,

    all

    these

    are

    combustibles to a degree, depending on the relative


    amounts of asphalt and inert material compound in their
    make-up.

    Glass
    - while glass in non combustible, its normal brittleness
    is increased by sudden cooling. This causes it to crack and
    shatter.

    Clay tile
    - These are used for floor covering, partitions, flues,
    etc. Tile can be generally classed with masonry as
    non combustible.
    Gypsum board
    -widely used as an interior finish for partitions, walls,
    and ceilings, it is regarded as non-combustible. Under fire
    conditions (especially when it cools suddenly) it may
    crack and splinter or chip.

    Fiberboard
    - Fiber board of vegetables or animal materials is
    generally combustible, while those of mineral origin are not.
    Unless specially treated to retard flame spread, they
    decompose readily under heat emit flammable gases with a
    correspondingly high rate of flame propagation.

    Plastics and synthetic resins


    - To date more types and forms of plastics and
    synthetic resins are commonly used as building materials,

    and

    for

    conditions

    related

    purposes.

    varies

    composition,

    widely,

    ranging

    Their

    behavior

    according

    from

    to

    essentially

    under

    their

    fire

    chemical

    non-combustible

    through slow burning; to highly flammable.


    Examples of these materials (arranged in increasing
    order of flammability):
    Bakelite - type (phenolic) materials
    Poly vinyl plastics
    Celluloid type materials
    Acoustical and insulation materials
    -in general, acoustical and insulation materials
    composed of animal or vegetable materials are combustible,
    while those of mineral origin are not. Under fire conditions,
    even those normally regarded as non-combustible may be
    disintegrated or severely damaged by relatively little heat.

    Two General Types of Fire-Retardant:


    1. Surface Coating
    -is usually used in combination with a paint, decompose
    at the point of contact of a flame or other heat source to form a
    blister filled with an infinite number of tiny bubbles.
    2. Impregnation
    -it is usually done at a processing plant or factory by
    forcing solutions of fire retardant chemicals, under pressure,
    into the pores of the materials be protected.

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