Pro-Engineer

3D Part modeling commands:

Protrusion:
Extrusion is a method of defining three-dimensional geometry by projecting a two-dimensional
section at a specified distance normal to the sketching plane. Use the Extrude tool
as one of
the basic creation methods that allows you to create a solid or surface, and to add or remove
material.
You can create the following extrusion types with the Extrude tool:
ProtrusionSolid, Thickened
CutSolid, Thickened
Extruded surface
Surface trimRegular, Thickened
Typically, to create an extrusion, you select a sketched datum curve that you want to use as a
section and then activate the Extrude tool. Pro/ENGINEER shows you preview of the feature.
You can adjust the feature as needed by changing the extrusion depth, switching between a solid
or surface, protrusion or cut, or assigning a thickness to the sketch to create a thickened feature.
Note: You can only create a solid cut, surface, or surface trim in Assembly mode.
Accessing the Extrude Tool
To access the Extrude tool, click
on the Base Features toolbar or click Insert > Extrude.
There are several ways to activate the Extrude tool:
(Preferred) Select an existing sketched datum curve and click
to as object-action.
Click

. This method is referred

and create a sketch to extrude. This method is referred to as action-object.

Select a datum plane or planar surface to use as the sketching plane and then click

Extruded Cut:
You can use the Extrude tool to remove material by projecting a sketched section normal to the
sketching plane. You can use open or closed sections to create a cut. Removing material using a
closed section creates a slot. To create a cut, use the same depth options as for extruded
protrusions. While defining a cut, you can switch between the following feature attributes:
Cut and protrusion by clicking

Remove Material

The side where material is removed by clicking

Solid and thin cut by clicking

Thicken Sketch

Flip Material Side

Sweeps:
A sweep feature is created by sketching or selecting a trajectory and then sketching a section to
follow along it.
Rules for Defining a Trajectory
A constant section sweep can use either a trajectory sketched at the time of feature creation or a
trajectory made up of selected datum curves or edges. As a general rule, the trajectory must have
adjacent reference surfaces or be planar.
When you define a sweep, the system checks the specified trajectory for validity and establishes
normal surfaces. A normal surface is the surface whose normal is used to establish the Y-axis of
the trajectory. When ambiguity exists, the system prompts you to select a normal surface.
Depending on the type of chain selected as a trajectory, the following occurs:
All chain segments reference edgesThe normal surfaces are the adjacent surfaces of the
edges. If the edges are two-sided, the system prompts you to choose one set of surfaces.
All chain segments reference entities that belong to a datum curve, created by referencing
surfaces (for example, by using the Projected option)The normal surfaces are
reference surfaces of the curve. If the curve references two sets of surfaces, the system
prompts you to choose one.
All chain segments reference a sketched datum curvethe normal surface is the
sketching plane of the curve.
The chain of edges/curves is planar (other than a straight line)
The normal surface is the plane defined by the chain.
Datum curves that you select for the trajectory must be created with one of the following
commands:
Sketch
Intr. Surfs
Use Xsec
Projected
Formed

Offset from Srf

Two Projections from any curve that lies in a plane Consider the following special cases:
If a datum curve and its adjacent surfaces were bent by a toroidal bend feature, you can
use that curve as a trajectory.
If you extend the chain with Trim/Extend in the CHAIN menu, the system accepts that
chain if it is planar.
Note that a sweep may fail if

 A trajectory crosses itself

You align or dimension a section to fixed entities, but the orientation of the section
changes when its is swept along the 3-dimensional trajectory
An arc or a spline radius is too small, relative to the section, and the feature intersects
itself traversing around the arc.
To Create a Swept Feature
1. Click Insert > Sweep > Protrusion. The PROTRUSION: Sweep dialog box opens and the
SWEEP TRAJ menu appears.
2. Click Sketch Traj to sketch the trajectory or Select Traj to select the trajectory.
Sketch TrajSketch the sweep trajectory using Sketcher mode.
Select TrajSelect a chain of existing curves or edges as the sweep trajectory. The
CHAIN menu allows you to select the desired trajectory.
3. If the trajectory lies in more than one surface, such as a trajectory defined by a datum
curve created using Intr. Surfs, the system prompts you to select a normal surface for the
sweep cross section. Pro/ENGINEER orients the Y-axis of the cross section to be normal
to this surface along the trajectory.
4. Create or retrieve the section to be swept along the trajectory and dimension it relative to
the crosshairs displayed on the trajectory. Click Done.
5. If the trajectory is open (the start and end points of the trajectory do not touch and you are
creating a solid sweep, click one of the following ATTRIBUTES commands, then click
Done.
Merge EndsMerge the ends of the sweep, if possible, into the adjacent solid. To
do this, the sweep endpoint must be attached to part geometry.
Free EndsDo not attach the sweep end to adjacent geometry.
6. If the sweep trajectory is closed, click one of the following SWEEP OPT menu
commands and then click Done:
Add Inn FcsFor open sections, add top and bottom faces to close the swept solid
(planar, closed trajectory, and open section). The resulting feature consists of
surfaces created by sweeping the section and has two planar surfaces that cap the
open ends.
No Inn FcsDo not add top and bottom faces.
7. Click Flip, if desired, then OK from the DIRECTION menu to select the side from
which to remove material for swept cuts.
8. Select OK in the dialog box to create the sweep.

Constant Section Sweep

A constant section sweep can use either a trajectory sketched at the time of feature creation or a
trajectory made up of selected datum curves or edges. As a general rule, the trajectory must have
adjacent reference surfaces, or be planar.
A sweep may fail if
A trajectory crosses itself
You align or dimension a section to fixed entities, but the orientation of the section
changes when its is swept along the 3-dimensional trajectory
An arc or a spline radius is too small, relative to the section, and the feature intersects
itself traversing around the arc (see the following illustration)
Three-Dimensional Sweeps
You can create sweeps along a three-dimensional path with a three-dimensional spline for the
sweep trajectory. You can modify the Z-coordinates of spline points. All other Sketcher entities
must lie on a two-dimensional sketching plane.
In all other respects, three-dimensional sweeps are created in the same way as two-dimensional
sweeps. For such applications as creating springs, you can also create an advanced feature helical
sweep by sweeping a section along a helical trajectory.
About the Draft Feature
The Draft feature adds a draft angle between -30 and +30 to individual surfaces or to a series
of surfaces. You can draft only the surfaces that are formed by tabulated cylinders or planes. You
cannot draft surfaces with fillets around the edge boundary. However, you can draft the surfaces
first, then fillet the edges.
You can draft either solid surfaces or quilt surfaces, but not a combination of both. When you
select surfaces to be drafted, the first selected surface determines the type of additional surfaces,
solid or quilt, that can be selected for this feature.
For drafts, the system uses the following terminology:
Draft surfacesThe surfaces of the model that are being drafted.
Draft hingesLines or curves on the draft surfaces that the surfaces are pivoted about
(also called neutral curves). Draft hinges can be defined by selecting a plane, in which
case the draft surfaces are pivoted about their intersection with this plane, or by selecting
individual curve chains on the draft surfaces.
Pull direction (also called draft direction)Direction that is used to measure the draft
angle. This is usually the direction of mold opening. You can define it by selecting a

plane (in which case the pull direction is normal to this plane), a straight edge, a datum
axis, or an axis of a coordinate system.
Draft angleThe angle between the draft direction and the resulting drafted surfaces. If
the draft surfaces are split, you can define two independent angles for each side of the
drafted surface. Draft angles must be within the range of 30 to +30 degrees.
Draft surfaces can be split either by the draft hinge or by a different curve on the draft surface,
such as an intersection with a quilt, or a sketched curve. If you are splitting by a sketch that does
not lie on the draft surface, the system projects it on the draft surface in the direction normal to
the sketching plane. If the draft surfaces are split, you can:
Specify two independent draft angles for each side of the drafted surface
Specify a single draft angle, with the second side drafted in the opposite direction
Draft only one side of the surface (either one), with the other side remaining in the
neutral position
To access the Draft feature user interface, click
Insert > Draft.

in the Engineering Features toolbar, or click

About the Draft User Interface

The Draft user interface consists of the following items:
Feature icon
Dashboard
Slide-up panels
Shortcut menus
Feature Icon
Draft features are identified by the
icon both on the Engineering Features toolbar and on the
Model Tree.
The Draft dashboard consists of the following:
Draft hingesLets you specify the neutral lines or curves on the draft surfaces, that
is, the lines or curves that the surfaces are pivoted about. Click the collector to activate it.
You can select up to two planes or curve chains. To select a second hinge, you must first
split the draft surfaces by a split object.
Pull directionLets you specify the direction that is used to measure the draft angle.
Click the collector to activate it. You can select a plane, a straight edge or a datum axis, or
an axis of the coordinate system.
Reverse pull directionLets you reverse the pull direction (indicated by a yellow
arrow).

AngleLets you change the value for the draft angle. You can type a new value or
select one of the recently used values from the list.
Reverse angle to add or remove materialLets you reverse the direction of the
draft angle, to switch between adding and removing the material.
For split drafts with independently drafted sides, the dashboard contains a second Angle box and
Reverse Angle icon, to control the draft angle on the second side.
Slide-up Panels
The Draft dashboard displays the following slide-up panels:
ReferencesContains the collectors of references used in the draft feature.
SplitContains the split options.
AnglesContains a table of draft angle values and their locations.
OptionsContains the options defining draft geometry.
PropertiesContains the feature name and an icon to access feature information.
The References slide-up panel contains the following elements:
Draft surfacesLets you select the draft surfaces. You can draft only those surfaces that
are formed by tabulated cylinders or planes. You can select individual surfaces or
continuous chains of surfaces. The type of the first selected surface, solid or quilt,
determines the type of other surfaces that can be selected as draft surfaces for this feature.
DetailsOpens the Surface Sets dialog box that lets you add or remove draft surfaces.
Draft hingesLets you specify the neutral curves on the draft surfaces, that is, the lines
or curves that the surfaces are pivoted about. You can select up to two draft hinges. To
select a second hinge, you must first split the draft surfaces by a split object. For each
draft hinge, you can select one of the following:
o A plane, in which case the draft surfaces are pivoted about their intersection with
this plane.
o A curve chain located on the draft surfaces.
DetailsOpens the Chain dialog box that lets you manipulate the draft hinge chains.
Pull directionLets you specify the direction that is used to measure the draft angle.
You can select one of the following:
o A plane, in which case the pull direction is normal to this plane
o A straight edge or a datum axis, in which case the pull direction is parallel to this
edge or axis
o An axis of the coordinate system, in which case the pull direction is parallel to this
axis. Select the particular axis of a coordinate system, rather than the coordinate
system name.

FlipLets you reverse the pull direction (indicated by an yellow arrow).

The Split slide-up panel contains the following elements:
Split optionsYou can select one of the following:
1. No splitDo not split the draft surfaces. The whole surface pivots about the draft
hinge.
2. Split by draft hingeSplit the draft surfaces along the draft hinge.
3. Split by split objectSplit the draft surfaces by using a quilt or sketch. If you are
splitting by a sketch that does not lie on the draft surface, Pro/ENGINEER projects
it on the draft surface in the direction normal to the sketching plane. If you select
this option, Pro/ENGINEER activates the Split object collector.
Split objectYou can either sketch the split curve by using the Define button next to the
collector, or select one of the following:
o A surface quilt, in which case the split object is the intersection of this quilt with the
draft surface.
o An external (existing) sketched curve.
DefineSketch the split curve on the draft surface or on another plane. If the sketch does
not lie on the draft surface, Pro/ENGINEER projects it on the draft surface in the
direction normal to the sketching plane.
Side optionsLets you select one of the following options:
o Draft sides independentlySpecify two independent draft angles for each side of
the drafted surface.
o Draft sides dependentlySpecify a single draft angle, with the second side drafted
in the opposite direction. This option is available only if the draft surfaces are split
by the draft hinge, or for a split draft with two hinges.
o Draft first side onlyDraft only the first side of the surface (determined by the
positive pull direction from the split object), with the second side remaining in the
neutral position. This option is not available for split draft with two hinges.
o Draft second side onlyDraft only the second side of the surface, with the first
side remaining in the neutral position. This option is not available for split draft with
two hinges.
The Angles slide-up panel contains the following elements:
For Constant draft, a single line containing an Angle box with the value of the draft
angle.
For Variable draft, additional lines for each additional draft angle. Each line contains an
Angle box with the value of the draft angle, a Reference box with the name of the
reference, and a Location box specifying the location of the draft angle control along the
reference.

For Split draft with independently drafted sides (both Constant and Variable), each line
contains two boxes, Angle 1 and Angle 2, instead of the Angle box.
Adjust angles to keep tangencyForces the resultant draft surfaces to be tangent. Not
available for Variable draft. Variable draft always keeps surfaces tangent.
If you right-click on the Angles slide-up panel, the shortcut menu contains the following
commands:
Add AngleAdds another angle control at a default location and with a most recently
used draft angle value. You can modify both the angle value and location.
Delete AngleDeletes the selected angle control. Available only if more than one angle
control is specified.
Flip AngleFlips the direction of the draft at the selected angle control location. For a
Split draft with independently drafted sides, you must right-click in an individual angle
cell for this option to be available.
Make ConstantDeletes all the angle controls except the first one. This option is
available for Variable draft only.
The Options slide-up panel contains the following elements:
Exclude loopsLets you select the contours to be excluded from draft surfaces.
Available only when the selected surface contains more than one loop.
Draft tangent surfacesIf selected, Pro/ENGINEER automatically extends the draft to
include surfaces tangent to the selected draft surfaces. This check box is selected by
default. Clear it if the resulting geometry is invalid.
Extend intersect surfacesIf selected, Pro/ENGINEER tries to extend the draft to meet
the adjacent surface of the model. If the draft cannot extend to the adjacent model
surface, then the model surface extends into the draft surface. If neither of these cases are
possible, or if you did not select the check box, Pro/ENGINEER creates a draft surface
that overhangs the edge of the model.
Shortcut Menus
Right-click anywhere in the graphics window to access the Draft shortcut menu, that contains the
following commands:
Solid SurfacesAllows you to select all the solid surfaces of the model. This command
is available only when the model has solid surfaces and one of the solid surfaces is
already selected.
Draft SurfacesActivates the draft surfaces collector and lets you select surfaces to be
drafted. You can draft only those surfaces that are formed by tabulated cylinders or
planes. You can select any number of individual surfaces or continuous chains of

surfaces. The type of the first selected surface, solid or quilt, determines the type of other
surfaces that can be selected as draft surfaces for this feature.
Draft HingesActivates the draft hinges collector. You can select up to two planes or
curve chains. To select a second hinge, you must first split the draft surfaces by a split
object.
Pull DirectionActivates the pull direction collector. This direction is used to measure
the draft angle. You can select a plane, a straight edge or a datum axis, or an axis of the
coordinate system.
Split by draft hingeIf you select this check box, Pro/ENGINEER automatically uses
the draft hinge as the split object.
Make ConstantThis option is available for Variable draft only. It makes the draft
Constant.
If you right-click the round handle connected to a draft angle, the shortcut menu contains the
Add Angle and Delete Angle commands. If you right-click the square handle connected to a
draft angle, the shortcut menu contains the Flip Angle command. These commands are the same
as when you right-click on the Angles slide-up panel. Another way to add a draft angle is to hold
down the CTRL key, click the round handle connected to a draft angle and drag it along the edge
to the desired location.
If you right-click a pull direction arrow in the graphics window, the shortcut menu contains the
Flip command.
Blend
A blended feature consists of a series of at least two planar sections that Pro/ENGINEER joins
together at their edges with transitional surfaces to form a continuous feature.
Blend Types
ParallelAll blend sections lie on parallel planes in one section sketch.
RotationalBlend sections are rotated about the Y-axis, up to a maximum of 120
degrees. Each section is sketched individually and aligned using the coordinate system of
the section.
GeneralSections of a general blend can be rotated about and translated along the X-,
Y-, and Z-axes. Each section is sketched individually, and aligned using the coordinate
system of the section.
To Create a Blend (basic)
Click Insert > Blend and then click the type of blend you want. The BLEND OPTS
menu appears.
2. Click one of the following commands from the BLEND OPTS menu, then click Done.
1.

o ParallelAll blend sections lie on parallel planes in one section sketch.

o RotationalThe blend sections are rotated about the Y-axis, up to a maximum of
120. Each section is sketched individually and aligned using the coordinate
system of the section.
o GeneralThe sections of a general blend can be rotated about and translated
along the X-, Y-, and Z-axes. Each section is sketched individually and aligned
using the coordinate system of the section.
o Regular SecThe feature uses the sketching plane.
o Project SecThe feature uses the projection of the section on the selected surface.
This option is used for parallel blends only.
o Select SecSelect section entities. This option is not available for parallel blends.
o Sketch SecSketch section entities.
RIB
A Rib feature is a thin fin or web protrusion that attaches to solid surfaces in your design.
Typically, ribs are designed to strengthen parts in your design and are often used to prevent
unwanted bending. The Rib tool enables you to quickly develop both simple and complex rib
features.
Designing Rib features requires you to:
Create a dependent section by selecting a valid Sketch feature (sketched datum curve)
from the Model Tree, or sketch a new independent section. A section outlines the rib
feature. Refer to About Sections in Sketch-based Features in the Sections in Sketch-based
Features book for more information on sections.
Determine the rib material side with respect to the sketching plane and desired rib
geometry
Set the appropriate thickness dimensions
You can enter the Rib tool either by clicking
on the Features toolbar or by clicking
Insert > Rib on the main menu. You can enter the tool and begin designing your Rib
feature under the following conditions:
Sketch Not SelectedEntering the Rib tool and then selecting an existing sketch or
creating a new sketch for the Rib feature.
Sketch SelectedSelecting an existing sketch for the Rib feature and then entering the
Rib tool.
In either case, after you designate a sketch for the rib, the validity of your sketch is examined
and, if valid, it is placed in the collector. The reference collector only accepts one valid rib sketch
at a time. After you specify a valid sketch for the Rib feature, preview geometry appears in the
graphics window. You can directly manipulate and define your model either in the graphics
window, in the dashboard, or a combination of the two. The preview geometry automatically

updates, reflecting any modifications.

There are two types of Rib feature available. However, the type is automatically set according to
the attaching geometry:
Straight

Rotational

Attaches to straight surfaces.

Extrudes either to one side or
symmetrically about the sketching
plane.

Attaches to surfaces of
revolution. The angled surface
of the rib is conical, not planar.
Revolves the section about the
axis of the parent, making a
wedge either to one side or
symmetrically about the
sketching plane. The wedge is
then trimmed with two planes
parallel to the sketching
surface. The distance between
the planes corresponds to the
thickness of the rib and
attaching geometry.

Rib features are subject to normal feature operations, including patterning, modifying, rerouting,
and redefining.
Note: You must place Rib features while designing in Part mode. You can not create ribs as an
Assembly feature.

Editing Commands:

About the Move Tool

The Move tool is only accessed through the Copy and Paste Special functions. With the Move
tool, you can:
Translate features, surfaces, quilts, datum curves, and axes in a direction specified by a
reference. You can translate along a linear edge or curve, axis, perpendicular to a plane or
planar surface, or along one of the axes of the coordinate system.
Rotate features, surfaces, quilts, datum curves, and axes about an existing axis, linear
edge, curve, or about one of the axes of the coordinate system.
Apply multiple translation and rotation transformations in a single move feature.
You can also use the Move tool to create and move a copy of an existing surface or curve rather
than moving the original.
You can also move curve patterns and transform patterns, such as direction, axis, or fill, in
addition to most pattern types, but you cannot move group patterns or patterns of patterns. For
patterns, you must select the pattern header instead of the pattern member.
To move an item relative to its original position, you must first select the item to move, activate
the Move tool, and then select the direction reference. You can also use asynchronous datums as
direction references. When translating an object, the direction reference is typically a plane or
edge that determines the direction in which you want to translate the moved feature. When
rotating an object, the direction reference is typically an axis or edge about which you want to
rotate the moved feature. The following items can be used as direction references:
In Translate mode you can choose:
o Linear curve
o Linear edge
o Planar surface
o Datum axis
o Datum plane
o Axis of datum coordinate system
In Rotate mode you can choose:
o Linear curve
o Linear edge
o Datum axis
o Axis of datum coordinate system

Note: You cannot select a coordinate system or two datum points or vertices as direction
references. Instead, you can directly select an axis of the datum coordinate system as the
direction reference or create an asynchronous datum axis that passes through these two datum
points or vertices.
About the Pattern Feature
When you create a pattern, you create instances of the selected feature by varying some specified
dimensions. When you pattern a feature, the result is a feature pattern. When you pattern this
feature pattern, the result is a feature pattern pattern. You cannot pattern either a group pattern or
a feature pattern pattern.
The feature or feature pattern selected for patterning is called the pattern leader. After you
pattern the selected feature or feature pattern, the pattern leader that you selected is the pattern
header while the instances are pattern members. To copy, mirror, and move patterns, you must
select the pattern header instead of the pattern members. You can mirror transform patterns such
as direction, axis, or fill patterns, and curve patterns but you cannot mirror group patterns or a
pattern of a pattern. The Mirror and Copy tools are not available if you select the pattern
members instead of the pattern header. You can also apply move or rotational transformations to
curve patterns and transform patterns.
Patterns offer the following benefits:
Creating a pattern is a quick way to reproduce a feature.
A pattern is parametrically controlled. Therefore, you can modify a pattern by changing
pattern parameters, such as the number of instances, spacing between instances, and
original feature dimensions.
Modifying patterns is more efficient than modifying individual features. In a pattern,
when you change dimensions of the original feature, Pro/ENGINEER automatically
updates the whole pattern.
It may be easier or more effective to perform operations once on the multiple features
contained in a pattern, rather than on the individual features. For example, you can easily
suppress a pattern or add it to a layer.
Pro/ENGINEER allows you to pattern a single feature only. To pattern several features, create a
"local group" and pattern this group. After you create this group pattern, you can ungroup the
instances to modify them individually.
When a feature pattern pattern is a dimension pattern or a table pattern, you can use Unpattern
on the shortcut menu to modify the pattern members individually. When you unpattern a feature
pattern pattern, the result is a set of feature patterns.
If you delete a feature pattern pattern, then the result is a feature pattern.

Note:
Pro/ENGINEER does not transfer the line style attributes of a datum curve to its patterns.
A thin feature "remembers" the surface to which it is attached and patterns to this surface.
Pattern Types
There are several ways to pattern a feature:
DimensionControl the pattern by using driving dimensions and specifying the
incremental changes to the pattern. Dimensional patterns can be unidirectional and
bidirectional.
DirectionCreate a free-form pattern by specifying direction and using drag handles to
set the orientation and increment of pattern growth. Direction patterns can be
unidirectional and bidirectional.
AxisCreate a free-form radial pattern by using drag handles to set the angular and
radial increments of the pattern. The pattern can also be dragged into a spiral.
TableControl the pattern by using a pattern table and specifying the dimension values
for every pattern instance.
ReferenceControl the pattern by referencing another pattern.
FillControl the pattern by filling an area with instances according to a selected grid.
CurveControl the pattern by specifying either the distance between the pattern
members or by specifying the number of pattern members along the curve.
Pattern creation methods are different, depending on the pattern type.
To access the Pattern functionality, select the feature or feature pattern that you want to pattern
and click on the Edit Features toolbar or click Edit > Pattern, or right-click the feature name
or feature pattern name on the Model Tree and click Pattern on the shortcut menu.
Mirror User Interface
The Mirror user interface consists of the following:
Feature icon
Dialog bar
Slide-up panels
Shortcut menu
Feature Icon
All Mirrored features are represented in the Model Tree by

. Additionally, the Mirror tool is

represented by in the Edit Features toolbar.

Dialog Bar
The Mirror dialog bar consists of the Mirror plane collector. You can click the collector to select
or replace the mirror plane reference at any time.

Slide-up Panels
The slide-up panels available on the Mirror dashboard vary depending on the type of object
selected and the method in which it was selected.
If you are mirroring a feature or a group of features the dashboard contains the following:
ReferencesUse this panel to change the Mirror plane reference.
OptionsUse this panel to make the mirror feature's dimensions independent of the
original item by clearing the checkmark from the Copy as dependent option.
PropertiesIn the Properties slide-up panel, you can:
o View information about the Mirror feature in the Pro/ENGINEER browser.
o Rename the feature.
If you are mirroring geometry the dashboard contains the following:
ReferencesIn the References slide-up panel, you can:
o Change the Mirror items reference.
o Change the Mirror plane reference.
OptionsUse this panel to select Hide original geometry. If it is selected, upon
completion of the mirror feature, the system shows only the new mirrored geometry and
hides the original geometry.
PropertiesIn the Properties slide-up panel, you can:
o View information about the Mirror feature in the Pro/ENGINEER browser.
o Rename the feature.
If you are mirroring all the geometry in the part, the dashboard contains the following:
ReferencesIn the References slide-up panel, you can:
o Change the Mirror items reference.
o Change the Mirror plane reference.
PropertiesIn the Properties slide-up panel, you can:
o View information about the Mirror feature in the Pro/ENGINEER browser.
o Rename the feature.
Note: The Options slide-up panel is not available for this operation.
About The Mirror Tool
The Mirror tool enables you to create copies of features and geometry that are mirrored about a
planar surface. You can use this tool to save time by mirroring simple parts into more complex
designs. In addition to part geometry, the Mirror tool allows you to copy surfaces, curves,
patterns, and datum features about a mirror plane.
Note: You can also mirror curve patterns and transform patterns, such as direction, axis, or fill,
but you cannot mirror group patterns or a pattern of a pattern.

There are several methods of creating a mirror:

Feature MirrorAllows you to mirror features using two methods:
o All FeaturesThis method duplicates features and creates a merged feature that
contains the geometry of all features of the model. To use this method, you must
select all features and the part node on the Model Tree.
o Selected FeaturesThis method duplicates only the selected feature.
Geometry MirrorAllows you to mirror geometry items such as datums, quilts, and
surfaces. You can also mirror an entire part by selecting its node on the Model Tree.
Round
The Round user interface consists of the following items:
Feature icon
Dashboard
Slide-up panels
Shortcut menus
Feature Icon
The Round tool displays the following icons:
Indicates a round feature in the Model Tree and it is displayed in the dashboard to
indicate that the Round tool is open. This icon also identifies the Round tool on the
Insert menu and on the Feature toolbar.
Dashboard
The Round dialog bar displays the following options:
Set Mode
Activates Set mode enabling you to work with round sets. Pro/ENGINEER selects
this by default.
Options for rounds with a Circular cross-sectional shape (default setting):
Radius boxControls the distance of the radius for the current constant round. You can
type a new value or select a most recently used value from the list. This option is
available only for Constant rounds.
Radius Reference collectorIndicates that a valid object has been selected as the
distance reference for the current radius in the active round set. This collector is available
if you snap a handle to a reference or select Reference from the Distance box in the Sets
slide-up panel (left box under Radius table). This collector corresponds to the Radius
column collector in the Radius table.

Options for rounds with a Conic cross-sectional shape:

Conic Parameter boxControls the sharpness of the current Conic round. You can type
a new value or select a most recently used value from the list. This box corresponds to the
Conic Parameter box in the Sets slide-up panel.
Conic Distance boxControls the conic distance of the current Conic round. You can
type a new value or select a most recently used value from the list. This box corresponds
to the D column distance box on the Sets slide-up panel Radius table. This box is not
available for D1 x D2 Conic rounds.
Conic Distance collectorsIndicates that a valid object has been selected as the distance
reference for the current radius in the active Conic round set. The collectors are available
if you snap a handle to a reference or select Reference from the Distance box under
Radius table on the Sets slide-up panel. The collectors correspond to the D (Conic), or
D1, D2 (D1 x D2 Conic) column collectors in the Radius table.
Reverses the distance of a D1 x D2 Conic round.
Placement Ambiguity Option.
Next SolutionDisplays each mutually exclusive group of round pieces enabling you to
view them and select one. Pro/ENGINEER displays this button only if the round set has
multiple mutually exclusive groups from the same reference.
Transition Mode
Activates Transition mode enabling you to define all transitions for the round
feature.
Transition Type boxDisplays the default transition type for the current transition and
contain a list of valid transition types based on the geometrical context. This box enables
you to change the transition type for the current transition. The following is a complete
list of transition types.
Note: Not all transition types listed will be available for a given context:
o DefaultUses the default transition type assigned by Pro/ENGINEER. The
transition type appears in parenthesis.
o Stop Case 1Assigns stop references generated by Pro/ENGINEER.
o Stop Case 2Assigns stop references generated by Pro/ENGINEER.
o Stop Case 3Assigns stop references generated by Pro/ENGINEER.
o Stop at ReferenceEnables you to assign stop references for the active Stop
transition. Selecting this transition type activates the Stop reference collector
(located in the Transitions slide-up panel and the dialog bar).
o BlendBlends between two round pieces. The tangent round geometry stops at
sharp edges.

o ContinueContinues the round geometry between two round pieces. The tangent
round geometry does not stop at sharp edges.
o IntersectExtends two or more overlapping round pieces towards each other
until they merge forming a sharp boundary. This command is available only if the
active round set contains two or more overlapping round pieces.
o Corner SphereRounds the corner transition formed by three overlapping round
pieces with a spherical corner.
o PatchCreates a patched surface at the location where three or four round pieces
overlap.
o Round Only 1Creates a transition using compounded round geometry.
o Round Only 2Creates a transition using compounded round geometry
Capped check boxCreates end surfaces to cap the gaps between the active transition
and part geometry. This check box is available only if you select all of the following: a
transition type (other than Default), valid geometry, and the Surface or New quilt
attachment types from the Options slide-up panel. By default this check box is not
selected. You can also use Capped from the shortcut menu.
Note:
o Side surfaces must exist in order to extend and use them as capping surfaces. If
not, the round pieces cannot be capped and the Capped check box is ignored.
o This check box caps the gaps only of the active transition while the Create end
surfaces check box located on the Options slide-up panel caps all round piece
ends for the entire round feature. The check box on the dialog bar overrides the
check box on the slide-up panel enabling you to cap the gaps of the active
transition even if you decide not to cap all of the round piece ends for the round
feature.
o You cannot cap rounds between a solid surface and a quilt surface.
o Corner Sphere Transition Options
R boxControls the sphere radius for the active Corner Sphere transition. You can type a
new radius value or select a most recently used value from the list.
L1, L2, L3 boxesControls the length for the active Corner Sphere transition. You can
type a new value or select a most recently used value from the list. These value boxes are
available only if you select the Corner Sphere transition type.
Patch Transition Options
Optional surface collectorIndicates that a valid surface reference has been selected to
place a fillet for the active Patch transition. To activate this collector, you can either click
in it, use the Patch Optional Surface shortcut menu command, or click in the Optional
surface collector in the Transitions slide-up panel.

Radius boxControls the fillet radius for the active Patch transition. You can type a new
value or select a most recently used value from the list. This box is available after the
Optional surface collector contains a surface reference.
Stop Transition Options
Stop reference collectorIndicates that valid stop references have been selected for the
active Stop at Reference transition. To activate this collector, you can either click in it,
use the Stop References shortcut menu command, or click in the Stop references
collector in the Transitions slide-up panel. Note that you must select the Stop at
Reference transition type to display this option.
Stop reference boxContains the following options enabling you to stop the active
round piece.
Note: To display the Stop reference box, you must select the Stop at reference transition type
either a vertex or a datum point located on the spine of the active round set as the valid stop
reference.
o PointStops the round set at a plane that passes through the selected stop
reference and is oriented normal to an edge with the stop reference.
o IsolinesStops the round set at a plane that passes through the stop reference and
normal to the round surface.
Slide-up Panels
The Round dashboard contains the following slide-up panels:
Sets Slide-up Panel
You must activate Set mode to use this panel. The Sets slide-up panel contains the following
options:
Sets listContains all round sets for the current round feature enabling you to add,
remove, or select a round set for modification. Pro/ENGINEER highlights the active
round set. The Sets list contains the following:
o SetIndicates a round set.
o New SetAdds a new round set and makes it active. You can also use the Add Set
shortcut menu command from the graphics window.
Cross-section shape boxControls the cross-sectional shape for the active round set.
The box contains the following shapes:
o CircularCreates a round set with a circular cross-sectional shape.
Pro/ENGINEER selects this by default.
o ConicCreates a round set with a conic cross-sectional shape and dependent
dimensions (x- and y-axes). You can use this option for Constant and Variable
round sets.

o D1 x D2 ConicCreates a round set with a conic cross-sectional shape and

independent dimensions (x- and y-axes). This option is available only for Constant
round sets.
Conic Parameter boxControls the sharpness of the current Conic round. You can type
a new value or select a most recently used value from the list. The default value is 0.50.
This box is available only if the Conic or D1 x D2 Conic cross-sectional shapes are
selected.
Creation method boxControls the creation method for the active round set. The box
contains the following creation methods:
o Rolling BallCreates a round using the Rolling Ball method. Pro/ENGINEER
selects this option by default.
o Normal to spineCreates a round using the Normal to Spine method. You can use
this options only for Constant and Variable round sets.
Full RoundConverts the active round set to a Full round or allows a third surface to
drive a surface-to-surface Full round. The Driving surface collector activates if it is
required, such as with a surface-to-surface round. Notice that you can click Full Round
again to restore the round to its previous state. Full Round is available only if you select
valid Full round references and both the Circular cross-sectional shape and the Rolling
Ball creation method. This button is not available if you select Through Curve. The Full
Round button corresponds to the Full Round shortcut menu command.
Through CurveAllows the radius of the active round to be driven by the selected
curve to create a round driven by a curve. The Driving curve collector activates. Notice
that you can click this button again to restore the round to its previous state. The
Through Curve button is available only if you select valid round references and both the
Circular cross-sectional shape and the Rolling Ball creation method (both are default
settings). This command is not available if you select the Full Round command. This
button corresponds to the Through Curve shortcut menu command.
References collectorContains the valid references that you selected for the round set.
You can click in this collector to activate it or use the References shortcut menu
command.
Secondary collectorsThe following collectors activate depending on the active round
type:
o Driving curveContains the reference for the curve that drives the round radius to
create a round driven by a curve. You can click in this collector to activate it or use
the Through Curve shortcut menu command.
o Note: You can simply snap (SHIFT+click and drag) the radius to a curve to
satisfy this collector.

o Driving surfaceContains the reference for the surface to be replaced by a Full

round. You can click in this collector to activate it or use the Remove Surface
shortcut menu command.
o SpineContains the spine reference for Normal to Spine or Variable surface-tosurface round sets. You can click in this collector to activate it or use the Spine
shortcut menu command.
DetailsOpens the Chain dialog box so that you can modify chain properties.
Radius tableControls the distance and location of the radius for the active round set.
The Radius table contains the following options. This table is not available for Full
rounds or rounds driven by a curve (Through Curve).
o # columnLists the number of radii for the active round set. Pro/ENGINEER
displays one radius per row and highlights the current radius. Notice that the #
column always contains at least one radius.
o Radius columnControls the distance of each radius for the active round set. This
column contains values and references. You can type a new distance value or select
a most recently used value from the list. Notice that the Radius column always
contains at least one value or reference.
o Note: This column is not available for Conic rounds (see D and D1, D2 columns
below).
o Location columnControls the placement of each radius for the active Variable
round set. This column contains ratios and references. The Location column is not
available for Constant rounds and D1 x D2 Conic rounds.
o D columnControls the conic distance of each radius for the active Conic round
set. This column contains values and references, and is available only for Conic
rounds.
o D1, D2 columnsControls the conic distance of each radius for the active D1 x
D2 Conic round set. These columns contain values and references, and are
available only for D1 x D2 Conic rounds.
You can use the following shortcut menu commands from the Radius table:
o Add RadiusAdds a radius to the active round set.
o DeleteDeletes the current radius.
o Note: You cannot use this command to delete radii that Pro/ENGINEER places at
the ends of round pieces.
o Make ConstantDeletes radii that Pro/ENGINEER places at the ends of round
pieces.
Distance boxControls the distance of the current radius (displayed in the Radius table)
for active round set. This box is located under the Radius table (left) and contains the

following options. Note that two Distance boxes are appear for D1 x D2 Conic rounds.
The second box replaces the Location box.
o ValueSets the distance for the current radius by using a numerical value. The
distance value displays in the Radius table.
o ReferenceSets the distance for the current radius by using a reference. This
option activates a collector in the Radius table that contains the reference
information.
Location boxControls the placement location of the current radius (displayed in the
Radius table) for the active round set. This box is located under the Radius table (right)
and contains the following options. The Location box is available only for Conic rounds
with more than one radius and for Variable rounds.
Note: The active round set must contain more than the default radii (which are automatically
placed at the round piece ends and do not contain anchors) for the box to appear.
o RatioSets the location of the current radius by using a numerical value. The
location ratio displays in the Radius table (Location column).
o ReferenceSets the location of the current radius by using a reference. This
option activates a collector in the Radius table (Location column) that contains the
reference information.
Transitions Slide-up Panel
You must activate the Transition mode to use this panel. The Transitions slide-up panel contains
the following options:
Transitions listContains all user-defined transitions for the entire round feature
enabling you to modify a transition. Pro/ENGINEER does not list default transitions. You
can view the default transition type for the active transition from the Transition Type box
on the dialog bar or from the shortcut menu. To activate the Transitions list, you can
either click in it or use the Transition Selection shortcut menu command.
Stop references collectorContain the references for the active Stop at Reference
transition. This collector is available only if you assign the Stop at Reference transition
type to the active Stop transition. You can click in this collector to activate it or use the
Stop References shortcut menu command.
Optional surface collectorContain the references to place a fillet for the active Patch
transition. This collector is available only if you assign the Patch transition type to the
active transition. This collector corresponds to the Optional surface collector in the
dialog bar. You can click in either collector to activate them or use the Patch Optional
Surface shortcut menu command.

Pieces Slide-up Panel

Round piece management is performed using the Pieces slide-up panel. You can view all round
sets for the round feature, view all round pieces in the current round set, trim, extend, or exclude
these round pieces, and address placement ambiguity.
The Pieces slide-up panel contains the following options:
Sets listLists all of the round sets for the entire round feature. The Sets list contains the
following:
o SetIndicates a round set.
o New SetAdds a new round set and makes it active. You can also use the Add Set
shortcut menu command from the graphics window.
Pieces tableLists all of the round pieces for the current round set and indicates their
current state as one of the following:
o IncludedDoes the following:
o Indicates that the round pieces are included in the current round set (selected by
default).
o Includes the selected round piece that is in an excluded state.
o Restores a trimmed or extended round piece to its original state.
o ExcludedExcludes the selected round piece that is in an included state. Note that
this option is available only if the current round set contains two or more round
pieces that use one explicit placement reference. This can occur if the round
geometry breaks due to non-tangent chains. It can also occur if a single round piece
cannot be created at a certain radius value. For example, a round that is too large to
sweep around a corner.
o EditedIndicates that the selected round piece was trimmed or extended.
You can also use these options from the Pieces slide-up panel shortcut menu. Note that All
included is available only from this shortcut menu. All included includes all of the round pieces
for the current round set that are in an excluded state. This option also restores all trimmed or
extended round pieces for the current round set to their original state.
Options Slide-up Panel
The Options slide-up panel contains the following options:
SolidCreates the round feature as a solid that intersects the existing geometry. This
attachment type is available only if you select solids as round set references.
Pro/ENGINEER selects this by default if you select solids as round set references.
SurfaceCreates the round feature as a surface that does not intersect the existing
geometry. This attachment type is available only if you select solids as round set
references. Pro/ENGINEER does not select this by default.

New quiltCreates the round feature as a new quilt. This attachment type is available
only for surface round set references. Pro/ENGINEER selects this by default if you select
different surface quilts or both a solid and a quilt as round set references.
Same quiltCreates the round feature as a surface that merges with the reference quilt.
This attachment type is available only for surface round set references. Pro/ENGINEER
selects this by default if you select round set references from the same surface quilt.
Create end surfacesCreates end surfaces to cap all of the round piece ends of the
round feature. This check box is available only if you select valid geometry and the
Surface or New quilt attachment types. Pro/ENGINEER does not select this by default.
Note:
o Side surfaces must exist in order to extend and use them as capping surfaces. If not,
the round piece ends cannot be capped.
o This check box is different from the Capped check box on the dialog bar and the
Capped shortcut menu command. The latter two enable you to create end surfaces
to cap the gaps between the active transition and part geometry.
Properties Slide-up Panel
The Properties slide-up panel contains the following options:
Name boxDisplays the current round feature name enabling you to rename it.
Provides detailed round feature information in the Pro/ENGINEER browser.
Shortcut Menus
You can use the following shortcut (right-click) menu commands to quickly perform an action:
Set Mode: Collector Commands
ReferencesActivates the References collector (located in the Sets slide-up panel)
enabling you to select a placement reference for the round. Pro/ENGINEER selects this
by default. This command is available if another collector is present.
Driving CurveActivates the Driving curve collector (located in the Sets slide-up
panel) enabling you to select a reference curve to drive the radius of the round. This
command is available if you snap a radius to a curve, click the Through Curve button on
the Sets slide-up panel button, or select the Through Curve shortcut menu command.
SpineActivates the Spine collector (located in the Sets slide-up panel) enabling you to
select a spine curve reference. This command is available if you use the Normal to spine
round creation method option (located in the Sets slide-up panel) or if you create a
surface-to-surface Variable round.
Round Reference PointActivates the Radius collectors (located in the Sets slide-up
panel Radius table and in the dialog bar) enabling you to size the current round radius by

snapping to a reference. This command is available only when the highlighted radius in
the table is driven by a reference.
Location ReferenceActivates the Location collector (located in the Sets slide-up panel
Radius table) enabling you to relocate the current round radius by snapping to a
reference. This command is available only when the highlighted radius location in the
table is driven by a reference
Driving SurfaceActivates the Driving surface collector (located in the Sets slide-up
panel) enabling you to use the selected surface to drive the location and size of a Full
round. This command is available when the Driving surface collector is present.
ClearClears the selected reference from the active collector.
Set Mode: Mode Command
Show TransitionsSwitches to Transition mode.
Set Mode: Round Set Commands
Make ConstantResets the active round to be driven by a single radius.
Make VariableAdds a new radius to the active round set. If you are creating a surfaceto-surface round, the Spine collector (located in the Sets slide-up panel) activates.
Through CurveAllows the radius of the active round to be driven by the selected
curve to create a round driven by a curve. The Driving curve collector (located in the
Sets slide-up) activates. A check mark appears next to this shortcut menu command
indicating
that
this
round
type
has
been
selected.
Notice that you can click this command again to restore the round to its previous state.
The Through Curve command is available only if you select valid round references and
both the Circular cross-sectional shape and the Rolling Ball creation method in the Sets
slide-up panel (default settings). This command is not available if you select the Full
Round command. The Through Curve command corresponds to the Through Curve
button (located in the Sets slide-up panel).
Full RoundConverts the active round set to a Full round or allows a third surface to
drive a surface-to-surface Full round. The Driving surface collector (located in the Sets
slide-up panel) activates if it is required, such as with a surface-to-surface Full round. A
check mark appears next to this shortcut menu command indicating that this round type
has
been
selected.
Notice that you can click this command again to restore the round to its previous state.
The Full Round command is available only if you select valid Full round references and
both the Circular cross-sectional shape and the Rolling Ball creation method in the Sets
slide-up panel. This command is not available if you select the Through Curve
command. The Full Round command corresponds to the Full Round button (located in
the Sets slide-up panel).

Add SetAdds a new round set and makes it active.

Delete SetDeletes the active round set.
You must place your pointer over a handle in the graphics window and right-click to use
the following round set modification commands:
Add RadiusAdds a radius to the active round set. This command is not available for
D1 x D2 Conic rounds.
IndependentSelect this (check mark displayed) to create a D1 x D2 Conic round
enabling you to adjust the dimensions independently (corresponds to the D1 x D2 Conic
cross-sectional shape in the Sets slide-up panel). If it is not selected (check mark not
displayed), the Conic round is dependent (same as Conic cross-sectional shape in the
Sets panel). This command is available only for constant Conic rounds.
FlipReverses the distance of a D1 x D2 Conic round.
Set Mode: Collector Reference Commands
You must place your pointer in a collector and right-click to use the following commands:
RemoveRemoves the selected reference from the active collector.
Remove AllRemoves all references from the active collector. The collector must
contain multiple references to use this command.
InformationOpens the INFORMATION WINDOW to display detailed information
about the selected reference in the collector. This command is unavailable for chain and
surface references.
Transition Mode: List and Collector Commands
Transition SelectionActivate the Transitions list (located in the Transitions slide-up
panel) enabling you to select a user-defined transition. This command is available if a
transition collector is displayed.
Stop ReferencesActivates the Stop references collectors (located in the Transitions
slide-up panel and in the dialog bar) enabling you to assign stop references to the active
Stop transition.
Patch Optional SurfaceActivate the Optional surface collectors (located in the
Transitions slide-up panel and in the dialog bar) enabling you to select a surface
reference to place a fillet for the active Patch transition. This command is available only
if you select a three-sided corner transition and assign the Patch transition type to it.
ClearClears the selected reference from the active collector.
Transition Mode: Mode Command
Back to SetsSwitches to Set mode.
Transition Mode: Transition Commands
Transition TypeThese commands are identical to the transition types that are available
from the Transition Type box on the dialog bar. You can find a complete list of transition
types in the dialog bar section.

The following transition commands enable you to modify a transition:

Delete TransitionDeletes the active transition.
Make TransitionCreates a transition by selecting round piece edges associated with a
deleted transition.
CappedCreates end surfaces to cap the gaps between the active transition and part
geometry. You can select this command for each active transition that you want to cap.
This command is available only if you select all of the following: a transition type (other
than Default), valid geometry, and the Surface or New quilt attachment types from the
Options slide-up panel. Pro/ENGINEER does not select this command by default. The
Capped command corresponds to the Capped check box located on the dialog bar.
Collector Reference Commands
You must place your cursor in a collector and right-click to use the following commands:
RemoveRemoves the selected reference from the active collector.
Remove AllRemoves all references from the active collector. The collector must
contain multiple references to use this command.
InformationOpens the INFORMATION WINDOW to display detailed information
about the selected reference in the collector. This command is unavailable for chain and
surface references.
Corner Chamfers
You create corner chamfers using the CHAMFER dialog box (Insert > Chamfer > Corner
Chamfer) to define edge references and distance values for the corner chamfer. Refer to
Chamfer Types and References under See Also for more information.
Note: Because corner chamfer creation is a simple procedure, the chamfer documentation
addresses edge chamfers and refers to them as chamfers.
Edge Chamfers
You can create edge chamfers using the Chamfer tool. To create edge chamfers, you define one
or more chamfer sets. A chamfer set is an organizational unit containing one or more chamfer
pieces (chamfer geometry). After you specify chamfer placement references, Pro/ENGINEER
uses default attributes, distance values, and default transitions that best fit the referenced
geometry to create the chamfer. Pro/ENGINEER displays preview geometry of the chamfer in
the graphics window, enabling you to create and modify both chamfer pieces and transitions
before feature creation. Note that the default settings accommodate most modeling cases.
However, you can define the chamfer sets or transitions to achieve the preferred chamfer
geometry.

Anatomy of an Edge Chamfer

An Edge Chamfer consists of the following:
SetsChamfer segments that consist of unique attributes, geometric references, and
plane angles, and one or more chamfer distances: legs of the triangle formed by the
chamfer and the neighboring surfaces.
TransitionsFiller geometry that connects chamfer pieces. Transitions are located
where the chamfer pieces or set ends meet or terminate. Pro/ENGINEER uses default
transitions during the initial chamfer creation and provides many transition types,
allowing you to create and modify transitions.

Chamfer Sets and Transitions

Set Mode Display

Transition Mode Display

Two edge references are selected for the

chamfer set. Pro/ENGINEER displays
preview geometry of the two chamfer
pieces and the distance value.

All transitions for the entire edge

chamfer feature are displayed.
Pro/ENGINEER displays the two
chamfer pieces for context.

1 Chamfer piece

1 Transition

2 Edge reference

2 Chamfer piece