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03 Model of Speed Governing System

This document describes the model of a speed governing system for a turbine generator. It makes the following assumptions: the system is initially operating under steady conditions, the linkage mechanism is stationary, and the turbine is running at a constant speed matching the generator load. It then presents an incremental model around these operating conditions. Any small change in the position of point A on the linkage mechanism results in a proportional change in the commanded power output. This causes the pilot valve to move, admitting high pressure oil to the piston and increasing the steam valve opening. As a result, the turbine speed and generator frequency increase. The document goes on to present mathematical models of these relationships.

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Maheswara
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185 views15 pages

03 Model of Speed Governing System

This document describes the model of a speed governing system for a turbine generator. It makes the following assumptions: the system is initially operating under steady conditions, the linkage mechanism is stationary, and the turbine is running at a constant speed matching the generator load. It then presents an incremental model around these operating conditions. Any small change in the position of point A on the linkage mechanism results in a proportional change in the commanded power output. This causes the pilot valve to move, admitting high pressure oil to the piston and increasing the steam valve opening. As a result, the turbine speed and generator frequency increase. The document goes on to present mathematical models of these relationships.

Uploaded by

Maheswara
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Model of Speed Governing

system

Assumptions and Initial Conditions


The system is initially operating under steady
conditions.
The linkage mechanism is stationary and pilot
valve closed.
Steam valve is opened by a definite magnitude,
turbine is running at constant speed with turbine
power output balancing the generator load.
f0 = system frequency (speed)
P0G = generator output = turbine output
(neglecting generator loss)
yoE = steam valve setting

The incremental model around the


operating conditions
Is obtained as follows
Let the point A on the linkage mechanism
be moved downwards by a small amount
yA.
It is a command which causes the turbine
power output to change and can therefore
be written as
Pc = Commanded increase in power
yA = kc Pc

Sequence of events because of


Pc(yE)
The pilot valve moves upwards, high
pressure oil flows on to the top of the main
piston moving it downwards;
the steam valve opening consequently
increases, the turbine generator speed
increases, i. e. the frequency goes up.

Let us model these events mathematically.


Two factors contribute to the movement of C:

Movement at D

The movement yD, depending upon its


sign, opens one of the ports of the pilot
valve admitting high pressure oil into the
cylinder and opening the steam valve yE.
Justifiable assumptions that are made at
this stage are as follows
(i) Inertial reaction forces of main piston and
steam valve are negligible compared to the
forces exerted on the piston by high pressure
oil.
(ii) Because of (i) above, the rate of oil
admitted to the cylinder is proportional to port
opening yD.

The volume of oil admitted to the cylinder


is thus proportional to the time integral of
yD.
The movement yE is obtained by dividing
the oil volume by the area of the crosssection of the piston. Thus

Turbine Model

Generator Load Model

Complete Block Diagram Representation of


Load Frequency Control of an Isolated
Power System

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