Scribd
Upload
48 views

Example Input Impedance

The document describes the process of calculating the input impedance of a circuit containing transmission lines of different lengths and impedances. It begins with an incorrect calculation that ignores transmission line theory. It then works through the circuit step-by-step, defining the impedance at each point using transmission line equations. After several steps of simplification, it arrives at the final correct input impedance of 0.22 + j0.028 ohms.

Uploaded by

tugasutomo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
48 views

Example Input Impedance

The document describes the process of calculating the input impedance of a circuit containing transmission lines of different lengths and impedances. It begins with an incorrect calculation that ignores transmission line theory. It then works through the circuit step-by-step, defining the impedance at each point using transmission line equations. After several steps of simplification, it arrives at the final correct input impedance of 0.22 + j0.028 ohms.

Uploaded by

tugasutomo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 5

2/1/2012

Example Input Impedance

1/5

Example: Input Impedance


Consider the following circuit:

Zin

Z0 = 1
=

-j 3

Z 0 2.0

Z 0 = 1.5
=

ZL
1 j2

If we ignored our new -wave knowledge, we might erroneously


conclude that the input impedance of this circuit is:

Zin
Therefore:

Zin =

ZL

j 3

-j 3( 2 + 1 + j 2 )
-j 3 + 2 + 1 + j 2

1 j2

6- j9
= 2.7 - j 2.1
3- j

Of course, this is not the correct answer!


We must use our transmission line theory to determine an
accurate value.
Define Z1 as the input impedance of the last section:

Z1

Z 0 2.0

Jim Stiles

ZL
1 j2

The Univ. of Kansas

Dept. of EECS

2/1/2012

Example Input Impedance

2/5

we find that Z1 is :
Z L cos + j Z 0 sin

Z 0 cos + j Z L sin

Z1 = Z 0

( )

( )
( )

(1 + j 2) cos 4 + j 2 sin 4

= 2

2 cos
+ j (1 + j 2) sin

4
4
1 + j 4

= 2

j
= 8- j2

( )

Therefore, our circuit now becomes:

Z0 = 1

Zin

-j 3

Z1 8 j 2

Z 0 = 1.5

Note the resistor is in series with impedance Z1. We can


combine these two into one impedance defined as Z2:

Z 2 = 2 + Z1 = 2 + (8 - j 2) = 10 - j 2

Zin

Z0 = 1
=

Jim Stiles

-j 3

Z 0 = 1.5
=

The Univ. of Kansas

Z 2 10 j 2

Dept. of EECS

2/1/2012

Example Input Impedance

3/5

Now lets define the input impedance of the middle transmission


line section as Z3:

Z3

Z 0 = 1.5
=

Z 2 10 j 2

Note that this transmission line is a quarter wavelength

( = ). This is one of the special cases we considered


4
earlier! The input impedance Z3 is:

Z 02
Z3 =
ZL
Z 02
=
Z2

1.52
=
10 - j 2
= 0.21 + j 0.043

Thus, we can further simplify the original circuit as:

Zin

Z0 = 1
=

-j 3

Z 3 0.21 j 0.043

Now we find that the impedance Z3 is parallel to the capacitor.


We can combine the two impedances and define the result as
impedance Z4:

Jim Stiles

The Univ. of Kansas

Dept. of EECS

2/1/2012

Example Input Impedance

4/5

Z 4 = - j 3 (0.21 + j 0.043)
=

- j 3(0.21 + j 0.043)
- j 3 + 0.21 + j 0.043

= 0.22 + j 0.028

Now we are left with this equivalent circuit:

Zin

Z0 = 1

Z 4 0.22 j 0.028

Note that the remaining transmission line section is a half


wavelength! This is one of the special situations we discussed in
a previous handout. Recall that the input impedance in this case
is simply equal to the load impedance:

Zin = Z L = Z 4 = 0.22 + j 0.028


Whew! We are finally done. The input impedance of the original
circuit is:

Zin

Jim Stiles

Z in 0.22 j 0.028

The Univ. of Kansas

Dept. of EECS

2/1/2012

Example Input Impedance

5/5

Note this means that this circuit:

0.22

Z in
0.22 j 0.028

j 0.028

and this circuit:

Zin

Z0 = 1
=

-j 3

Z 0 = 1.5
=

Z 0 2.0
=

ZL
1 j2

are precisely the same(at frequency 0 )!


They have exactly the same impedance, and thus they behave
precisely the same way in any circuit (but only at frequency
0 !).

Jim Stiles

The Univ. of Kansas

Dept. of EECS

You might also like