Optimal Quasi Linearization: M. Sami Fadali Professor EBME University of Nevada, Reno
Optimal Quasi Linearization: M. Sami Fadali Professor EBME University of Nevada, Reno
Givenaninput
,optimallyapproximate
theoutputofanonlinearelement
bythe
.
outputoflineartimeinvariantsystem
Minimizetheerrorcriterion
DescribingFunction
M.SamiFadali
ProfessorEBME
UniversityofNevada,Reno
_|
Mostimportantcase
FourierSeries
SufficientConditions
Sinusoids
Forthelimittoexist,thenonlinearelement
mustbeinputoutputstable(boundedoutput
foranyboundedinput
)
AlinearelementisBIBOstableifandonlyifits
impulseresponse
satisfies
Exponentialform
Theorem:HarmonicBalance
DescribingFunction
Iftheinputtoanonlinearsystem
isthe
anditsoutputhas
sinusoid
thefirstharmonic
Thedescribingfunctionofanonlinearity
withinput
isthecomplex
valuedfunction
Thenalinearsystemwithproperrationaltransfer
function
withpolesintheLHPisanoptimal
quasilinearizationof
iff
Nonlinearitywithmemory
Symmetry:Memoryless Nonlinearity
Oddnonlinearity(oddinput):
OddoutputhasonlyoddtermsinitsFourier
series
Real
e.g.hysteresis,backlash
Theoutputdependsonthesignof
Cannotusesymmetryproperties
Complex
Example:RelayWithHysteresis
FilteringHypothesis
Assumethatthelinearsubsystemis
sufficientlylowpasssothatallthebutthe
fundamentalcomponentsarenegligible.
(for
,outputisfixedat
DescribingFunctionEvaluation
10
DescribingFunction
11
12
ExtendedNyquistCriterion
ExtendedNyquistCriterion
CharacteristicequationasinNyquistcriterion
CharacteristicequationasinNyquistcriterion
Treat
asacomplexgainandusethe
Nyquistcriterionwith(1,0)replacedby
.
Foranopenloopstable
,thesystemis
closedloopstableifitspolarplotdoesnot
intersectaplotof
.
Intersectionsindicatea(possible)limitcycle.
13
14
LimitCycle
Memoryless Nonlinearity
Intersection
orequivalently
(i)
(ii)
Solvefortheintersectiongraphicallyor
analyticallytoobtain
=(Amplitude,frequency)oflimitcycle.
realandtheintersectioncanonlyoccur
ontherealaxiswhen
=(Amplitude,frequency)oflimitcycle.
Solvethefirstequationfor
secondfor .
15
,thensolvethe
16
LimitCycle:RelaywithHysteresis
StabilityoftheLimitCycle
Stable:pointsneartheintersectiononthe
increasing sideof
notencircledby
,otherwiseunstable.
thepolarplotof
Stable
Imaginarypartisaconstantindependentof
Unstable
17
18
NumericalValues
LinearSubsystem
Let
19
20
AnalyticalSolution
LimitCycle:RelaywithHysteresis
0
-0.5
rad/s
-1
-1.5
>>G=tf(20,[1,2,10]);
-2
-2.5
-3
-3.5
-2.5
21
-2
-1.5
-1
-0.5
0.5
1.5
2.5
22