Tender 2

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
FOR
CIVIL WORK
0.00
PREAMBLE TO SPECIFICATIONS
1.0
GENERAL
2.0
EARTH WORK
3.0
CONCRETE WORK
4.0
MASONRY WORK
5.0
CARPENTERY AND JOINERY
6.0
METAL WORKS
7.0
FLOORING/DADO/CLADDING
8.0
FINISHING
9.0
WATER PROOFING
10.0
ALUMINIUM WORK
11.0
STRUCTURAL STEEL
12.0
CONCRETE PAVEMENTS
13.0
ROAD WORKS
14.0
PILING WORKS
LIST OF BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS (B.I.S.) CODES
LIST OF SPECIALIST FIRMS
LIST OF PEST CONTROL CONTRACTORS
LIST OF APPROVED MAKE OF MATERIALS
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR CIVIL WORK

PREAMBLE TO SPECIFICATIONS
The conditions of contract and the drawings shall be read in conjunction with the
specifications and matters referred to, shown or described in one are not necessarily
repeated in the other. These specifications are comprehensive and may exceed the
requirements of this project. Any ambiguity between the General Specifications, the
Bill of quantities and contract drawings, shall be referred to the Consultant for
clarification not later than 10 days before the date fixed for delivery of Tenders. Any
ambiguity may be referred to the Consultant after signing of the contract and
Consultant shall give a ruling which shall prevail. No claim for additional cost due to
above, however, will be entertained.
Notwithstanding the sub-division of the specification into various headings, every part
of it is to be deemed supplementary to every other part and is to be read with it, so far
as it may be practicable so to do, or when the context so admits.
In this contract, reference is made to the Indian Standards and these references shall
be deemed to include the latest editions or issue of standards, specifications or ByLaw including all revisions upto the date of invitation of Tenders. The contractor shall
ensure that all materials and workmanship in so far as they apply to this contract shall
comply in every specifications or any other equivalent or specification approved by
the Consultant.
The Contractor shall keep at site copies of all relevant standards and codes of
practice referred in these specifications throughout the period of contract. These shall
be the latest editions and shall include all revisions/addendums thereof.
Approved Manufacturers: Names of approved manufacturers are given in the
specifications.
Reference in the specifications to approved manufacturers shall be construed as
establishing a standard of quality and not as limiting competition.
The Contractor shall include in his prices for supplying the item or materials from the
approved manufacturers listed or equal and approval.
All items or materials shall be delivered to the site in the manufacturers original
unopened containers with the manufacturers brand and name clearly marked on.
All items or materials shall be assembled, mixed, fixed, applied or otherwise
incorporated in the works in accordance with the printed instructions of the
manufacturer of the item or materials.
Contractor shall mix all mortar and concrete by way of mechanical means and
measurement boxes of standard size to be used for measuring coarse/fine aggregate.
Date of construction to be written on all respective items for monitoring curing.
Contractor shall follow the pour card/check list for all the concrete/finishing items.
POTENTIAL SEMAC CONSULTANTS PVT. LTD.
Tech-specifications-civil.doc
1.0
GENERAL
1.1
Scope
This specification applies to the Civil Engineering and building works to be executed
by the Contractor. It is to be read in conjunction with and subject to the general
conditions of contract and in conjunction with the drawings, the schedule of rates
and such other documents as may from time to time be agreed upon as comprising
part of this contract. Where these specifications are not clear, CPWD specifications
shall be followed.
1.2
Clearing
The contractor shall clear the site of all rubbish and old buildings, remove all grass and
low vegetation and remove all bush wood, trees, stumps of trees, and other
vegetation only after consultation with the Architect/Project Managers as to which
bushes and trees shall be saved. All disused foundations, drains or other obstructions
met with during excavation shall be dug out and cleared.
1.3
Site Levels
The contractor shall carry out the survey of the site and shall establish sufficient
number of grids and level marks to the satisfaction of the Architect/Project Manager,
who shall decide on the basis of this information, the general level of the plot and the
plinth.
1.4
Bench-marks
Prior to commencement of construction, the contractor shall in consultation with the
Engineer, establish several site datum benchmarks, their number depending on the
extent of the site. The benchmarks shall be sited and constructed so as to be
undisturbed throughout the period of construction.
1.5
Site investigation
The Architect/Project Manager might have got the soil investigation done and if so,
the report will be handed over to the contractor for their scrutiny. The contractor shall
however inspect the site and study the findings from the trial pits or bores in order to
assess the problems involved in and methods to be adopted for excavation and earth
work. The contractor shall ascertain for himself all information concerning the sub-soil
conditions, Ground water table periods and intensity of rainfall, flooding of the site
and all data concerning excavation and earthwork.
1.6
Setting out the work

The contractor shall set out the works and during the progress of the building shall
amend at his own cost any errors arising from inaccurate setting out.
During the execution of the work contractor must cross check his work with the
drawings. The contractor shall be responsible for all the errors in this connection and
shall have to rectify all defects and/or errors at his own cost, failing which the
Architect/Project Manager reserves the right to get the same rectified at the risk and
cost of the contractor.
1.7
Cleaning up and handing over

Upon completion of the work all the areas should be cleaned. All floors, doors,
windows, surface, etc. shall be cleaned down in a manner, which will render the work
acceptable to the Architect and Employer. All rubbish due to any reason, shall be
removed daily from the site and an area of up to ten metres on the outer boundaries
of the premises will be cleaned by the contractor as a part of the contract. Upon
completion of the project, the contractor shall turn over to the employer the following:
a)
b)
c)
Written guarantee and certificates.

Maintenance manuals, if any, and
Keys.
1.8
Samples
The contractor shall submit to the Architect/Project Managers samples of all materials
for approval and no work shall commence before such samples are duly approved.
Samples of precast concrete panels, masonry units, building insulation, finished
hardware, metal window and door frames, terrazzo flooring, kota stone, marble etc.
and every other work requiring samples in the opinion of the Architect/Project
Managers shall be supplied to the Architect/Project Managers, and these samples will
be retained as standards of materials and workmanship. The cost of the samples shall
be borne by the contractor.
Throughout this specification, types of material may be specified by manufacturers'
name in order to establish standard of quality, price and performance and not for the
purpose of limiting competition. Unless specifically stated otherwise, the tenderers
may assume the price of 'approved equivalent' except that the burden is upon the
contractor to prove such equality, in writing.
A detailed programme shall be submitted by the Contractor for the material
approvals, within four weeks of the Architect/Project Managers' order to commence.
The detailed programme shall include but not limited to:
Date/s of submitting the various material samples.
Date/s by which the Architect/Project Managers' approval is required.
Date/s of placing orders on the Manufacturers/Suppliers.
Date/s of arrival of the approved material/s on to the site.
Date/s of the completion of the `Mock-ups', wherever required, and the Date/s by
which the Architect/Project Managers' inspection of such `Mock-ups' should be
completed and the Date/s by which the Architect/Project Manager should fully
approve the said Mock-ups.
1.9
Tests
All materials and methods of tests shall conform to the latest rules, regulation and/or
specifications of the following authorities where specified herein as applicable.
Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS), British Standards Code of Practice (BS) in case no
equivalent BIS is available. The Architect/Project Managers will have the option to
have any of the materials tested and if the test results show that the materials do not
conform to the specifications, such materials shall be rejected. A reasonable number
of representative tests will be deemed to be included in the rates tendered.
1.10
Rates
The item rates quoted in schedule of quantities are deemed to be included to
execute the works in strict accordance with the relevant specifications read in
conjunction with the appropriate Standard Specifications.
1.11
Mode of Measurements
All measurements will be taken in accordance with IS 1200 latest issue unless otherwise
specified.
2.0
EARTH WORK
2.1
General
This specification deals with the clearance of the Site of Works and preparation of the
same to commence the proposed construction activities. Wherever applicable, this is
deemed to include all preliminary works like Dismantling/Demolition, Site Clearance,
and General Leveling etc.
The contractor shall visit the site, inspect the same and decide for himself the nature of
the ground and the sub-soil to be excavated. No claim on account of extras will be
entertained in consequences of any misunderstanding or incorrect information or
ignorances of the existing conditions.
Lead : All distances shall be measured over the shortest practical route and not
necessarily the route actually taken. Route other than shortest practical route may be
considered in cases of unavoidable circumstances and approved by the Project
Engineer.
Lift : The vertical distance for removal with reference to ground level. The excavation
up to 1.5 metres depth below ground level and depositing the excavated materials
up to 1.5 metres above ground level are included in the rate of earth work. Lifts
inherent in the lead due to ground slope shall not be paid for.
2.2
Dismantling/Demolition
Existing Buildings and structures within the boundary of the site, and as indicated in the
drawings or as instructed by the Architect/Project Manager, shall be carefully and
gradually dismantled or demolished, as the case may be.
i)
The contractor shall furnish to the Architect/Project Manager, a detailed

scheme as well as a programme of these works, atleast one week prior to the
commencement of the actual demolition works and get the laters approval of
the same.
ii)
On approval of the above programme and scheme, the contractor shall serve
notices to concerned authorities, owners, etc. as and wherever applicable,
informing them of the proposed demolition and get their approval of the
same, prior to the demolition/dismantling.
iii)
The whole of the building/structures that are to be demolished shall be

evacuated and cleared off any valuable life and/or property to the
satisfaction of the Architect/Project Manager. Where required, the employer
shall provide alternative arrangements to house those who have been
evacuated.
iv)
The site of demolition shall be well cordoned off from the other areas to the
satisfaction of the Architect/Project Manager, with all necessary warning and
signals, erected in the vicinity by the Contractor.
v)
Such of those parts of the building/structures that are likely to fetch some
returns from the market and/or those parts which are likely to be reused
elsewhere, shall be first carefully removed from the existing buildings and then
stored away properly to the complete satisfaction of the Architect/Project
Manager. Such parts shall include items like wood work, built in furniture,
electrical fittings, sanitary wares etc. and all others that are listed out by the
Architect/Project Manager.
vi)
The demolition work shall then commence preferably from the top and
proceed downwards, gradually. In case of buildings comprising more than
one floor, the demolition shall commence from top and shall be dismantled
floor by floor in such a way that all the debris are collected in the next lower
floor. Dismantling of external walls/cladding shall be done from outside
inwards. The dismantling of the next lower floor shall commence only after the
clearance of all debris collected in that floor from the floor above, is
completed.
All dismantling/demolition works shall include excavation of the ground, wherever
necessary, to dismantle the existing foundations, and back filling, including
compacting to the satisfaction of the Architect/Project Manager. The material used
for back filling shall be as per specifications and as approved by the Architect/Project
Manager.
All dismantling/demolition works shall be carried out in such a manner, so as not to
cause any damage, whatsoever, to the properties or persons in the vicinity of the site.
If such damages occur, the contractor shall be liable for full reinstatement, of all such
damages, at his own cost.
All services, like electrical, water supply and sanitary lines/ connections, to the existing
buildings or structures that are to be dismantled and/or demolished, shall be properly
cut off at points as per the instructions of the Architect/Project Manager. If any such
service lines are feeding adjacent plots/ sites/premises as well as within the premises,
the contractor shall inform the Architect/Project Manager, well in advance, and shall
follow up with the Authorities concerned, to provide necessary reconnections to the
users of these service lines.
Wherever applicable, the contractor shall apply for the various permits, for executing
such works as may be required, from the relevant authorities.
Disposal of demolished/dismantled materials
Demolished/dismantled materials shall NOT be stacked or dumped in such a manner,
as to present a hazard to vehicles or pedestrians or properties or to cause blockage in
drainage channels etc. In case Contractor fails to clear the malba from the site the
same shall be cleared by the Owner at Contractor's risk and cost.
The contractor shall obtain necessary permission from the local Government
Authorities, pay the necessary deposits, for the location and the manner in which the
debris to be disposed and then carry out the disposal, as directed by the
Demolished/Dismantled debris shall be dumped/stacked in an area, primarily within
the site, if required, subject to the approval of the Architect/Project Manager and
shall cart away and dispose off, within the shortest possible time, as directed by the
All dismantling works shall be carried out by crow bar, chiseling or by Jack hammering but in no case blasting operation is permitted at site.
All debris shall be transported from the site on daily basis during prescribed hours as
approved by local authorities for transportation.
2.3
Classification of Soils
The earth shall be classified under the following categories and measured separately
for each category:
2.3.1
Hard dense soil

Generally any soil which requires the close application of picks or jumpers or
scarifies and rippers to loosen the same such as :
2.3.2
1.
Stiff clay, hard shale or compact moorum requiring grafting tool and/or pick
and shovel.
2.
Shingle and river or nallah bed boulders.
3.
Lime concrete, stone masonry in lime or cement mortar below ground level.
4.
Soft, conglomerate or soft laterite when the stone can be detached from the
matrix with picks and shovel.
Ordinary/Soft/Decomposed rock (not requiring blasting)
Rock or boulders, which may be quarried or split with crow bars or
wedges/picks; such as lime stone, sand stone, hard laterite, hard
conglomerate or other soft or disintegrated rock.
(If required, approved chemical may be used for loosening the materials).
2.3.3
Hard rock (requiring blasting) :

Rock which is in solid beds, which can only be removed either by wedging or
chiselling, shall be treated as hard rock. An isolated boulder or detached rock,
measuring one cubic meter or more, shall also be treated as hard rock, if the
same cannot be removed without wedging or chiselling.
Blasting is totally prohibited and will not be allowed under any circumstances.
2.3.4
Authority for classification of Soils/Rocks

The classification of excavation shall be decided by the Architect/Project
Manager and his decision shall be final and binding on the contractor.
2.3.5
Blasting
Blasting shall not be permitted under any circumstances.
Alternately
chemicals can be used to split rock. The tenderer/contractor shall submit with
his tender, the method which he intends to adopt for execution of the work of
rock excavation. A list of specialised tools and plants to be used for rock
excavation shall be enclosed.
2.3.6
Trimming of Slopes
All slopes shall be trimmed by hand or mechanically true to line and profile
and consolidated to the Architect/Project Managers' satisfaction. Any rock or
boulders appearing on the face or likely to be unstable, shall be removed and
the void thereof filled with approved material and compacted.
2.3.7
Shoring/Earth work support

The contractor shall shore and strut the sides of excavation to the satisfaction
of the Architect/Project Manager. Should there be any slips or settlement, not
withstanding the shoring, the contractor shall make good the same at his own
expense, with concrete or other approved material, as directed by the
Architect/Project Manager. Shoring shall be removed gradually side by side
with backfilling to prevent any settlement and under no circumstances, until
such time as the foundation concrete has hardened enough, to take any
loads brought on by the removal. Under special circumstances, shoring shall
be left in place, if so directed by the Architect/Project Manager. No extra
payment shall be made for shoring. The rate for the same shall be included in
the excavation items.
2.3.8
Dewatering
All excavation shall be kept free from water from any source. The contractor
shall provide and clear away on completion, all drains, pumps and other
equipment, for this purpose. The contractor shall be responsible for preventing
any subsidence of adjoining ground due to pumping.
Contractor shall keep site dewatered till all construction works in basement
and other areas are completed, including waterproofing. No extra amount
shall be claimed by the contractor on this account and his quoted rates shall
be deemed to have been included for total dewatering, including sub-soil
water also.
2.3.9
Contractor to keep excavation clear

Should any sand, mud, weed, rubbish or other materials be deposited on
excavated area, by sandstorm, rain, flood, landslips or from any cause,
whatsoever, such materials shall be removed by the contractor at his own
expense.
2.3.10
Backfilling
All materials used as fill shall be to the Architect/Project Managers' approval.
Filling materials shall be well graded clean stone, Gravel and other approved
non-plastic granular material, all not more than 100 mm, in any direction and
shall be well compacted in layers not more than 150mm thick. Final
compaction must be done just before concrete is to be laid.
All fill materials shall be compacted at moisture content appropriate to the
material being used. The compacted filling shall achieve a density, which shall
not be less than 95% of the maximum dry density obtained. Filling shall be free
of any wood, organic matter or any other deleterious material.
Each compacted layer shall be tested in the field for density and accepted
before the operations for next layer are begun.
Density Measurement and Acceptance Criteria.
One measurement of density shall be made for each 500 sqm of compacted
area or for a smaller area as decided by the Engineer-in-charge. Each
measurement shall consist of atleast 5 density determinations and the average
of these 5 determinations shall be treated as the field density achieved. The
determination of density shall be as per IS: 2720 (Pt. XXVIII ).
Soil, moorum, grand a mixture of these or any other material approved by the
Engineer.
Expansive clay inhibiting marked small and shrinkage properties shall not be
used as fill material.
In case the excavated materials are not approved for backfilling, either totally
or in part or if their quantity falls short of the quantity required for filling, suitable
materials shall be brought to site from an approved source. The material
should be free of all shrubs, vegetation, tree cutting before restoring.
2.3.11
Disposal of surplus
Surplus excavated materials and all excavated materials rejected for

backfilling shall be carted away from the site by the Contractor at his own
cost.
2.3.12
2.4
Measurements
i)
Where excavation is in trenches or from borrow pits in a firmly uniform ground,

measurements of cutting in trenches or borrow pits shall be made to the outer
line of building wall.
ii)
Diagonal ridges, cross ridges, or dead man shall be left in position shown by the
Architect/Project Manager to enable accurate measurements being taken on
the completion of one work. Where the ground is not uniform or where the site
is required to be levelled, levels shall be taken before the start of the work and
after the completion of the work and the quantity of excavation in cutting
computed from these levels. These ridges or deadman shall be removed by
the Contractor at his own cost after the measurements.
iii)
Where soil, soft rock, and hard rock are mixed, the measurements for the entire
excavation shall be computed from the levels as described (ii) above.
iv)
Excavated materials from `HARD ROCK' and SOFT ROCK shall be stacked
separately, measurement reduced by 50% to allow for voids to arrive at the
quantity payable under 'hard rock' and 'soft rock' respectively.
v)
The difference between the entire excavation (worked out from the levels)
and the such of the quantities payable under 'hard rock' and 'soft rock' shall
be paid for as excavation in all kind of soil.
vi)
Wherever rock excavation is encountered, contractor will be paid only up to

required level, and any extra excavation if carried out due to any reason, no
payment shall be done for the extra quantity.
Excavation in all Soils

Excavation and/or removal of any other material on the site, shall be carried out
accurately to the lines, levels and dimensions shown in the drawings or as ordered by
the Architect/Project Manager, so as to allow proper and efficient concrete work and
other work in clean and dry condition. The method of excavation shall be at the
discretion of the Architect/Project Manager but should the dimensions of any
excavation exceed those shown on the drawings or ordered by the Architect/Project
Manager or should the sides collapse, the contractor shall fill such extra space with
concrete or other approved material, at his own expenses.
All founding levels will be inspected by the Architect/Project Manager and suitability
for bearing of the bottom shall be determined before the concrete is placed.
Records of all foundation levels shall be submitted by the contractor to the
The final 150 mm depth of excavation shall be taken out by hand unless otherwise
permitted by the Architect/Project Manager. Extra depth of excavation, if any,
beyond those shown in the drawings or ordered by the Engineer, shall be filled up with
Grade 10 concrete for which payment shall not be made.
The contractor shall excavate any soft patches or rock outcrops below the founding
level and refill with M-10 concrete. The founding stratum shall be trimmed to required
level and rammed to the satisfaction of the Architect/Project Manager before
concrete is placed.
Foundations within any one building shall not rest on soil strata with differential bearing
capacities.
Strip foundations shall not be stepped along the length of the
foundations. When excavating for individual footings at different levels care shall be
taken not to disturb the bearing stratum of the higher foundations. The excavation
bottom shall be watered as directed by the Architect/Project Manager before the
foundations are laid.
2.5
Sweet Earth
The Sweet earth for plantation areas, shall be from an approved source and shall be
mixed with natural or artificial manure, as directed by the Architect/Project Manager.
2.6
Polythene layer
Wherever directed, all concrete pours resting directly over prepared soil or hard-core,
shall be placed over "Shivathene/ SIL of or equivalent, heavy polythene sheeting of
thickness given in BOQ . All joints in the sheeting shall be double welt folded joints,
made by placing the edges together and folding over twice.
The folds shall be held in place by placing temporary weights and the sheets will be
protected from damage during concreting operations. All damaged sheets will be
replaced. Where necessary, the polythene film shall be returned to overlap the damp
proof course in walls.
2.7
Pre-construction Anti-termite treatment
i)
Chemicals
The chemicals used for the soil treatment shall be any one or a combination of the
following with concentration shown against each in adequous emulsion :
Chemicals (EC's)
Concentration
Chlorpyriphos 20% EC 1%
(Pyramid or equivalent)
Durmat
By weight
Chemicals are available in concentrated form in the market and concentration is

indicated on the sealed containers. To achieve the percentage of concentration
specified above, chemical should be diluted with water in required quantity before it
is used. Graduated containers shall be used for dilution of chemical with water in the
required proportion to achieve the desired percentage of concentration. e.g. to
dilute chemical of 30% concentration add 59 parts of water to one part of chemical
to achieve 0.5% concentration.
Chemical shall be brought to site of work in sealed original containers. The material
shall be brought in at a time in adequate quantity to suffice for the whole or at least a
fortnight's work. The materials shall be kept in the joint custody of the contractor and
the Architect/Project Manager/ Representative. The empties shall not be removed
from the site of work, till the relevant item of work has been completed and permission
obtained from Architect/Project Manager/his representative. The empties shall not be
removed from the site of work, till the relevant item of work has been completed and
permission obtained from the Architect/Project Manager/his representative.
Hand operated pressure pump shall be used to carry out spraying operations to
facilitate proper penetration of chemicals in the earth. To have proper check for
uniform spraying of chemical, graduated containers shall be used. Proper check
should be kept that the specified quantity of chemical is used for the required area
during the operation.
ii)
Time of application
Soil treatment should start when foundation trenches and pits are ready to take mass
concrete in foundations. Laying of mass concrete should start when the chemical
emulsion has been absorbed by the soil and the surface is quite dry. Treatment should
not be carried out when it is raining or soil is wet with rain or sub-soil water. The
foregoing applies also in the case of treatment to the filled earth surface with the
plinth before laying the sub grade for the floor.
The treated soil barrier shall not be disturbed after they are formed. If by chance,
treated soil barriers are disturbed, immediate steps shall be taken to restore the
continuity and completeness of the barrier system.
iii)
Treatment for masonry foundation and basements

The bottom surface and sides (up to a height of 30 cm. from the bottom) of the
excavations made for masonry foundations and basements shall be treated with the
chemical emulsion mentioned above at 5 Ltrs. per Sq.m. of surface area.
iv)
Treatment to backfill earth

After the masonry foundations and retaining walls of the basement come up, the
back fill in immediate contact with the foundation structure shall be treated with the
chemical emulsion at the rate of 7.5 Ltrs. per Sq.m. of the vertical surface of the substructure for each side. The earth is usually returned in layers and the treatment shall
be carried out in similar stages. The chemical emulsion shall be directed towards the
concrete or masonry surface of the columns and walls so that the earth in contact
with these surface is well treated with the chemical.
v)
Treatment for RCC foundations and basements

The treatment described in (iii) & (iv) above applies essentially to masonry foundations
where there are voids in the masonry through which termites can seek entry in to the
superstructure. Hence the foundation requires to be completely enveloped by a
chemical barrier. In the case of RCC foundations the concrete is dense being a 1:2:4
mix or richer, the termites are unable to penetrate it. It is therefore unnecessary to
start the treatment from the bottom of excavations. The treatment shall start at a
depth of 50 cm. below the ground level except when ground level is raised or lowered
by filling or cutting after the foundations have been cast. In such cases the depth of
50 cm shall be determined from the new soil level resulting from filling or cutting
mentioned above and soil in immediate contact with the vertical surface of RCC
foundations. From this depth, the back fill around the columns, beams and RCC
basement walls shall be treated at the rate of 7.5 Ltrs. per Sq.m. The other details of
the treatment shall be as laid down in (iv) above.
vi)
Treatment of top surface of plinth filling

The top surface of the compacted earth within the walls shall be treated with the
chemical emulsion at the rate of 5 Ltrs. per sq.m. of the surface before the sand bed
or sub-grade is laid. If the filled earth has been well rammed and the surface does not
allow the emulsion to seep through, holes up to 50 to 75 mm deep at 150 mm centres
both ways may be made with 12 mm dia MS rod on the surface to facilitate
absorption of the emulsion.
vii)
Treatment at junction of walls and floor

Special care shall be taken to establish continuity of the vertical chemical barrier on
inner wall surfaces from the ground level (where it has stopped with the treatment
described in (iv) above up to the level of the filled earth surface. To achieve this, a
small channel 3 x 3 cm shall be made at all the junctions of wall and columns with the
floor (before laying the subgrade)
10
and rod holes made in the channel up to the ground level 15 cm. apart and the rod
moved back ward and forward to break up the earth and chemical emulsion poured
along the channel at the rate of 7.5 Ltrs. per Sq.m. of the vertical wall or column
surface of the sub structure so as to soak the soil right to the bottom. The soil should
be tamped back in to place after this operation.
viii)
Treatment to soil along external perimeter of building

After the building is complete, the earth along the external perimeter of the building
should be roded at intervals of 15 cm. and to a depth f 30 cm. The rods should be
moved back ward and forward parallel to the wall to break up the earth and
chemical emulsion poured along the wall at the rate of 7.5 Ltrs. per Sq.m. of vertical
surfaces. After the treatment, the earth should be tamped back in to place. Should
the earth outside the building be graded on completion of building, this treatment
should be carried out on the completion of such grading. In the event of filling being
more than 30 cm. the external perimeter treatment shall extend to the full depth of
filling up to the ground level so as to ensure continuity of the chemical barrier.
ix)
Treatment for walls retaining soil above floor level

Retaining walls like the basement walls or outer walls above the floor level retaining
soil need to be protected by providing chemical barrier by treatment of retained soil
in the immediate vicinity of the wall, so as to prevent entry of termites through the
voids in masonry, cracks and crevices etc. above the floor level. The soil retained by
the walls shall be treated at the rate of 7.5 Ltrs. per sq.m. of the vertical surface so as
to effect a continuous outer chemical barrier in continuation of the one formed under
(iii).
x)
Treatment of soil under apron along external perimeter of building

Top surface of the compacted earth over which the apron is to be laid shall be
treated with chemical emulsion @ 5 Ltrs. per Sq.m. of the vertical surface before the
apron is laid. If consolidated earth does not allow emulsion to seep through, holes up
to 50 to 75 mm deep at 150 mm centres both ways may be made with 12 mm dia
mild steel rod on the surface to facilitate saturation of the soil with the chemical
emulsion.
xi)
Treatment of soil surrounding pipes, wastes and conduits

When pipes, wastes and conduits enter the soil inside the area of the foundation, the
soil surrounding the point of entry must be loosened around each such pipe waste or
conduits for a distance of 15 cm. and up to a depth of 7.5 cm before the treatment is
commenced. When they enter the soil external to the foundations, they shall be
similarly treated unless they stand clear of the walls of the building by about 7.5 cm.
for a distance of over 30 cm.
xii)
Treatment for expansion joints

Expansion joints at ground floor level are one of the biggest hazards for termite
infestation. The soil beneath these joints should receive special attention when the
treatment under (V) is carried out. This treatment should be supplemented by treating
through the expansion joint after the subgrade has been laid, at the rate of 2 Litre per
linear metre.
xiii)
Safety precautions
All chemicals used for anti termite treatment are poisonous and hazardous to health.
These chemicals can have an adverse effect upon health when absorbed through
the skin, in haled as vapours or spray mists or swallowed. Person using or handling
these chemicals should be warned of these dangers and advised that absorption
11
through the skin is the most likely source of accidental poisoning. They should be
cautioned to observe carefully the safety precautions given below:
These chemicals are usually brought to site in the form of emulsifiable concentrates.
The containers should be clearly labelled and should be stored carefully so that
children and pet cannot get at them. They should be kept securely closed.
Particular care should be taken to prevent skin contact with concentrates. Prolonged
exposure to dilute emulsions should also be avoided. Workers should wear clean
clothing and should wash thoroughly with soap and water, especially before eating
and smoking. In the event of severe contamination, clothing should be removed at
once and the skin washed with soap and water. If chemicals splash in to the eyes
they shall be flushed with plenty of soap and water and immediate medical attention
should be sought.
The concentrates are oil solutions and present a fire hazard owing to the use of
petroleum solvents. Flames should not be allowed during mixing.
Care should be taken in the application of chemicals to see that they are not allowed
to contaminate wells or springs which serve as sources of drinking water.
xiv)
Spraying equipment
A pressure pump shall be used to carry out spraying operations to facilitate proper
penetration of chemicals in to the earth.
xv)
Measurements
All dimensions shall be measured correct to a cm. The measurements for all the
operations described above shall be the plinth area of the building in square-metres
at floor 1 level (Ground Floor). Nothing extra shall be measured for payment.
xvi)
Rate
The rate for the anti-termite treatment shall include the cost of labour, material and
all other inputs involved in all the operations described above.
xvii)
Guarantee
Contractor has to give 10 years Guarantee for the Anit-termite treatment on Non
judicial stamp paper of Rs.50/-.
12
3.0
CONCRETE WORKS
3.1
All concrete included in the works shall comply with the General requirements of this
section of the specification except where those requirements are modified by the
provisions of later Clauses relating to specialized uses for concrete in which case the
requirements of those Clauses shall take precedence.
3.2
Supervision
A competent person shall be employed whose first duty will be to supervise all stages
in the preparation and placing of the concrete. All test of materials, the making and
testing of cubes and the maintenance and calibration of all mixing and measuring
plant shall be carried out under his direct supervision.
3.3
Materials
a)
Cement
i)
Types
The cement used shall be ordinary port land cement conforming to IS 8112
(Latest revision) of grade 43 for all works except where specifically mentioned
in the Drawings, Bill of Quantities, and/or directed by the Architect/Project
Manager.
All cement shall be fresh when delivered. Cement shall be delivered in sound
and properly secured bags or other packages ready for immediate use and
shall be used direct from the bag.
The contractor shall maintain for
Architect/Project Managers' inspection a record of receipts and consumption
of cement indicating the source, the age and the date of receipt of cement.
Cement containing lumps which cannot be broken by a light touch of fingers
shall not be used in the works. Admixtures shall not be used without written
consent of the Architect/Project Manager.
ii)
Sources
Cement shall be obtained from sources which are approved by the
Architect/Project Manager. Makes and sources of cement shall not be varied
from those used for trial mixes; should a change be unavoidable the
contractor shall submit his proposals for the prior approval of the
Architect/Project Manager and then carry out new trial mixes unless otherwise
directed by the Architect/Project Manager. Cement of different kinds shall not
be mixed at any stage.
iii)
Manufacturers' Test Certificates for Cement

The Contractor shall request the cement manufacturer to forward to his site
office the Certificate of conformity in accordance with IS. 8112 (Latest
Revision), and he shall cause a copy to be supplied to the Architect/Project
Manager within 48 hours of the arrival of the certificate, which shall not be later
than 14 days from the day of delivery of the relevant consignment. The test
certificate shall be related to the date of delivery at site of consignment. The
frequency of deliveries shall be such as to ensure that no cement is more than
4 months old when used in the works.
iv)
Samples of Cement
Samples of cement to be used in the works shall be deposited with the
Architect/Project Manager for his approval together with a certificate stating
the name and address of the Manufacturer, the name and address of the
supplier from whom it was purchased. The Architect/Project Manager may
from time to time take samples of the cement being used in the works for
testing.
13
v)
Storage of Cement
The contractor shall provide a proper separate weatherproof store building
with raised floor for cement on the site and shall at all times protect the
cement from damp or any other deleterious influences. Each consignment of
cement shall be kept separately and the contractor shall be careful to ensure
the consignments are used in the order in which they are received.
List of Cement Manufacturer
b)
1.
Birla/Ultratech/ACC/JK/Gujarat Ambuja/Vikram/J.P. cement
2.
Vikram
3.
J.K.
4.
Gujrat Ambuja
5.
Birla Cement
6.
J.P.Cement
Aggregates
i)
Materials used as aggregates shall be obtained from a source known to

produce aggregates satisfactory for concrete and shall be chemically inert,
strong, hard, durable, of limited porosity and free from adhering, coating, clay
lumps, coal residues and organic or other impurities that may cause corrosion
of reinforcement or may impair the strength or durability of the concrete.
Aggregates shall be tested in accordance with the requirements of IS. 383 or
IS. 515 and the results of such tests shall be as hereinafter specified, the
percentages being by weight unless the context indicates otherwise.
ii)
Coarse aggregate shall consist of clean, hard, strong, dense, not-porous and
durable pieces of crushed stone, crushed gravel, natural gravel or a suitable
combination thereof or other approved inert material. They shall not consist
pieces of disintegrated stones, soft, flaky, elongated particles, salt, alkali,
vegetable matter or other deleterious materials in such quantities as to reduce
the strength and durability of the concrete, or to attack the steel
reinforcement. Coarse aggregate having positive alkali silica reaction shall
not be used. All coarse aggregates shall conform to IS:383 and tests for
conformity shall be carried out as per IS:2386 Parts I to VIII.
Fine aggregate shall consist of clean, hard, strong and durable pieces of
crushed stone, crushed gravel, or a suitable combination of natural sand,
crushed stone or gravel. They shall not contain dust, lumps, soft or flaky,
materials, mica or other deleterious materials in such quantities as to reduce
the strength and durability of the concrete, or to attack the embedded steel.
Motorized sand washing machines should be used to remove impurities from
sand. Fine aggregate having positive alkali-silica reaction shall not be used.
All fine aggregates shall conform to IS : 383 and tests for conformity shall be
carried out as per IS:2386, (Part I to VIII)
iii)
Coarse Aggregate
Size of coarse aggregate shall be maintained within tolerance limit of 2.5%.
14
The grading of coarse aggregate shall be such that not more than 5% shall be
larger than 20 mm and not more 10% shall be smaller than 5 mm and not less
than 25% or more than 55% shall be smaller than 10 mm.
Maximum size of coarse aggregate shall be of 20 mm unless otherwise noted.
The grading of coarse aggregate of nominal size of 40 mm shall be such that
not more than 5% shall be larger than 40 mm and not more than 5% shall be
smaller than 5 mm and not less than 10% or more than 35% shall be of 10 mm
size.
Aggregate (Fine and Coarse) shall be thoroughly washed with clean water if
so directed by the Architect/Project Manager.
Fragile, flaky and laminated pieces, and mica shall not be present. Aggregate
should be free from fine holes and stone should not be weathered.
3.4
Steel Reinforcement
Type
Steel for bar and fabric reinforcement shall conform to mild steel of tested quality
conforming to IS. 432 (Latest), or high yield strength deformed bar conforming to IS.
1786 or 1139 (Latest) as specified in the drawings. The steel shall be kept clean and
free from pitting, loose rust, mill scale, oil, grease, earth, paint or any material which
may impair the bond between the concrete and the reinforcement or which may
cause corrosion of the reinforcement or deterioration of the concrete. Fabric
reinforcement (IRC weld mesh or equivalent) shall be delivered to site in flat sheets
only.
Storage of Reinforcement
Before and after bending, reinforcement shall be stored on raised racks in separate
lots by size and type and protected from damage, contamination and the effects of
the weather. For the purposes of identification each lot shall be marked plainly and
securely by approved methods.
List of Steel Manufacturer in order of Merit
Reinforcement Steel : SAIL/TISCO/Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Ltd. ( RINL) / Rathi Ispat
Fabrication
Fabrication shall be accurately done to the dimensions, spacing and minimum cover
as per structural drawings. Spacers shall be of cement mortar (1:2) cubes. MS chairs,
spacer bars shall be used in order to ensure accurate positioning of reinforcement. All
joints in mild steel reinforcement up to and including 16 mm dia, shall be overlapped.
The length of over lap for tension and compression joints in mild steel reinforcement
above 16 mm diameter may be welded if permitted by the Architect/Project
Managers in writing.
Welded Laps
Wherever specified, welded laps shall be provided and paid for separately unless
specifically included in the item of work. The welding of bars shall be carried out as
per IS: 2751-1979, IS: 9417-1977. Before doing welding of bars at site, the contractor
shall make minimum 3 joints and get them tested in an approved laboratory at his
own cost. The following precautions shall be taken:
a)
If the cold twisted deformed bar has an untwisted end at lapping point, then
this portion shall be cut off prior to welding.
b)
Bars shall be free from rust at joints to be welded.
15
c)
3.5
Bars shall be aligned and kept in proper axis in order to minimize crookedness
in bar after welding.
Water
Type
Water for mixing concrete shall be clean and free from harmful material and comply
with the requirements of Clause 4.3 of IS:456 (Latest Revision).
Water shall be brought only from sources approved by the Architect/Project
Manager, and shall be used in a manner as directed by the Architect/Project
Manager.
Testing of Water
Prior to the commencement of the works, or whenever there is a change in the source
of supply or when directed by the Architect/Project Manager, the contractor shall
arrange for samples of water, for mixing concrete, to be submitted to an independent
Government authorised testing laboratory, acceptable to the Architect/Project
Manager for tests to determine that the water complies with this specification and is
satisfaction in all other respects for the manufacture of high quality concrete.
3.6
Grades and Strength Requirements of Concrete

General
Concrete shall consist of the material described under previous sections, using
separate coarse and fine aggregate in an appropriate combination determined in
the course of the preparation of mix design described hereinafter. The overall grading
shall be such as to produce a concrete of the specified quality which will work readily
in to position without segregation and without the use of excessive water. In the case
of mass concrete or blinding concrete specified by nominal mix the use of "all-in" (20
mm and down) aggregate may be approved by the Architect/Project Manager. No
addition of water shall be made at site. It shall be a homogenous mix before use at
site.
Slump
Only sufficient water shall be added to the cement and aggregate during mixing to
produce concrete having a sufficient workability to enable it to be well consolidated,
to be worked in to the corners of the shuttering and around the reinforcement to give
the specified surface finish, and to have the specified strength. Water cement ratio
shall be maintained as per IS. 456-1978 when a suitable amount of water has been
determined, the resulting consistency shall be maintained through out the
corresponding parts of the work and tests shall be conducted to ensure the
maintenance of this consistency according to the standard method of test for
consistencies of concrete (slump test) as below :
Description of work
Beams and slabs
Columns & Walls
Slabs & Staircase
Footings
Maximum slump in mm.

25 to 75 mm
50 to 100 mm
upto 25 mm
upto 25 mm
Concrete Grades
Grade of concrete used in the works shall be shown on the drawings or as directed by
the Architect/Project Manager. For each grade of concrete the requirements are set
out in the following Table :
a)
Normal Concrete
16
By Volume
Mix.
Min. cement
Content
Kg/Cum.(*)
1:2:4
1:1 :3
1:1:2
318 Kg.
405 Kg.
565 Kg.
b)
Compressive strength
(Kg/Sqcm)
7 Days
28 days
140 Kg/Sq.cm.
175 Kg/Sq.cm.
210 Kg/Sq.cm.
210 Kg/Sq.cm.
265 Kg/Sq.cm.
315 Kg/Sq.cm.
Controlled Concrete
For controlled concrete by strength, the minimum stresses shall not be less than as
specified below :Grade
Min. cement
Content
Kg/Cum.(*)
Compressive Strength
Kg/Sq.cm
7 days
28 days
M - 10
M - 15
M - 20
M - 25
M - 30
M - 35
M - 40
170
270
300
300
320
340
360
70
100
135
170
200
235
270
(*)
3.7
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
This is only minimum quantity to be used and the contractor should actually
use the required quantity of cement with out any extra cost. If the mix with
minimum cement content gives higher strength, no extra will be paid to the
contractor.
Batching and Mixing

The quantity of cement, the quantity of fine aggregate and the quantities of the
various sizes of coarse aggregate should be measured by weight.
A separate weighing device should be provided for weighing the cement.
Alternatively, the cement may be measured by using a whole number of bags in
each batch, 50 Kg. bag of cement contains 35 Ltrs.
The amount of water should be measured by volume or by weight. Any solid
admixtures to be added should be measured by weight. Liquid or paste admixtures
may be measured by volume or weight.
The batch weights of aggregate should be adjusted to allow for moisture content
typical of the aggregate being used.
The accuracy of the measuring equipment should be within plus or minus 3% of the
quantity of cement, water or total aggregates being measured and within plus or
minus 5% of the quantity of any admixture being used. All measuring equipment
should be maintained in a clean, serviceable condition.
The mixing time should not be less than that used by the manufacturer in assessing the
mixer performance. In the case of mixes of low workability or high cement content
this may not ensure maximum strength, and it may be advisable to determine a
satisfactory mixing time by comparing the strength of samples mixed for different
times. However in no case shall it be less than 2 minutes.
17
A mixer shall be cleaned out before any further concrete is mixed:

a)
b)
When it has been out of use for more than 30 minutes, or

When the class of concrete to be mixed is changed.
Hand mixing will only be permitted in exceptional circumstances and then with the
specific arrangement of the Architect/Project Manager.
No water shall be added to mixed concrete other than the quantity of water allowed
for in the mix design and incorporated in batching, unless with the approval of the
Concrete or mortar which has commenced to set shall not be remixed with additional
water and in no circumstances shall such concrete or mortar be used in the work.
3.8
Transporting Concrete
Concrete and mortar shall be transported speedily in water tight skips, trucks or
barrows, and deposited in its place in the works without contamination, loss of
ingredients or segregation. If segregation has nevertheless occurred during transport,
the materials shall be remixed before deposit. Skips shall be large enough to contain
an integral number of batches from the mixer. Any trucks or barrows shall have
pneumatic tyres. In no case shall a period of more than 30 minutes elapse between
the first wetting of cement in a batch and the completed use of the concrete or
mortar in the works, the contractor shall arrange his mixing, transporting, placing,
compacting and finishing techniques accordingly. No concrete shall be placed in
the works until the contractors' proposed method of transporting concrete have been
approved. When concrete is conveyed by chutes, the equipment shall be of such
size and design as to ensue a continuous flow in the chute. The chute shall be of
metal or metal lined, and if two or more lengths are used they all shall have
approximately the same slope. If the distance of the discharge end of the chute
above the surface of the concrete is more than 1 metre, a spout or "elephant trunk"
shall be used and the lower end positioned as near to the surface of deposit as
practicable. The chute or "elephant trunk" shall be thoroughly cleaned before and
after each run. The debris and any water used shall be discharged outside the forms.
3.9
Concrete placement
General
Concrete, when deposited, shall have a temperature of not less than 5oC (41oF) and
not more than 32oC (90oF).
The concrete shall be placed in the positions and sequences indicated on the
drawings, in this specification and/or as directed by the Architect/Project Manager.
Contractor shall give adequate notice to the Architect/Project Manager of his
intention to concrete any section of the works.
Except where otherwise directed, concrete shall not be placed unless the
representative of the Architect/Project Manager is present and has previously
examined and approved the positioning, fixing and condition of the reinforcement or
any other items to be embedded and the cleanliness, positioning and suitability of the
concreting surface.
The concrete shall be deposited as nearly as possible in its final position. It shall be
placed in such a manner as to avoid segregation of the concrete and displacement
of the reinforcement, other embedded items, or formwork. It shall be brought up in
horizontal layers not exceeding 450 mm in compacted thickness unless otherwise
authorised or directed by Architect/Project Manager. Concrete shall not be placed
simultaneously on each side of large horizontal specified or approved construction
joints.
18
Shutters for walls or thin sections of considerable height shall be provided with
openings or other devices that will facilitate the cleaning of the accumulation of
hardened concrete on the shutters or on the metal reinforcement above the level of
the concrete and the removal of concrete in the case of segregations.
Placing concrete in cold weather
No concrete shall be mixed or placed while the ambient temperature is above 40
degree C. on a rising thermometer or below 4 degree C. on a falling thermometer.
The contractor shall supply an accurate maximum and minimum thermometer and
hang it in an approved position on the works. Aggregates that have been exposed to
frost shall not be used until completely thawed. Concrete shall be maintained by
approved means at a temperature of not less than 4 degree C. during placing, and
for a period of three days thereafter. All concrete placed during cold weather or
when a frost is predicated or is likely to occur or occurs contrary to expectation, shall
be protected from freezing by approved means.
Placing of concrete in wet weather
Concrete shall not be mixed and or placed in rainy weather or when there is likelihood
of impending heavy showers. If it becomes necessary to place concrete during rainy
weather, the contractor shall provide adequate protection by means of tarpaulin or
similar other water proof material to immediately cover fresh concrete to prevent rain
falling over it. This protection shall be left on the concrete for a period of 24 hours
after placing of concrete.
3.10
Concrete placement under water

Concrete placed under water shall be deposited through a tremmie pipe the
diameter of which shall be atleast 8 times the size of the largest aggregate used in the
concrete mix.
The construction of and the method of handling the tremmie pipes shall be approved
by the Architect/Project Manager. The pipes shall be waterproof and sufficiently
strong to withstand severe handling conditions and any joints must be sealed with
adequate gaskets.
At the commencement of tremmie work the bottom of the pipe shall be sealed
before being lowered in to position. The seal shall only be broken by the concrete
being placed. The concrete placed in contact with a horizontal construction joint
shall have a lower proportion of coarse aggregate and a higher proportion of cement
than the remainder of the concrete. The proportion shall be agreed with the
Architect/Project Managers' Representative.
All underwater concrete shall be placed in still water within a cofferdam or formwork
which shall extend above water level.
The proportions of the mixes shall be agreed in accordance with the strength and
workability required by the specification. To allow for losses an addition of 10% of
cement shall be added to mixes of concrete scheduled to be placed under water.
3.11
Maintenance of Plant and Equipment

The contractor shall keep all weight batching machines, mixing machines,
compressors, vibrators and other plant and equipment for concrete and mortar work
clean, well maintained and adjusted and where appropriate, shall check the
accuracy of the measuring devices at regular intervals, all to the approval of the
Architect/Project Managers' Representative. Mixer blades shall be replaced when
worn down by 20 mm.
19
3.12
Night Work
Concrete shall not be mixed, placed, compacted or finished during the hours of
darkness, except where necessary to complete a pour. However, concreting in
darkness for these exceptions shall be only after obtaining the express permission in
writing from the Architect/Project Managers' representative and in his presence only.
3.13
Compacting Concrete
The concrete shall be fully compacted through out the full extent of the layer. It shall
be thoroughly worked against the moulds, and around any reinforcement and other
embedded items without displacing them, and in to corners of the moulds.
Successive layers of the same lift shall be thoroughly worked together adjacent to the
common face. The date of laying concrete shall be marked for curing and removal
of form work.
Immersion vibrators shall be of approved type and shall have frequency of not less
than 10000 oscillations per minute. They shall penetrate the full depth of the concrete
to be vibrated and be immersed at sufficiency close spacing so that the whole
volume of the concrete is satisfactorily and uniformly compacted.
Where the underlying layer is of fresh concrete, immersion vibrators shall also
penetrate that layer to ensure homogeneity. Immersion vibrators shall be withdrawn
slowly to prevent formation of voids. Vibrators shall not be used to work the concrete
along the moulds or in such a way as to damage shuttering or other parts of the
structure or to displace the reinforcement or other embedded items. Immersion
vibrators shall only be operated by those who have received proper instruction and
training in their use.
External vibrators shall be of approved type and shall have a frequency of not less
than 3000 oscillations per minute. They shall be securely and rigidly clamped to the
shuttering. External vibrators shall only be used on shuttering which is strong enough to
withstand the vibration without displacement, distortion or other damage.
The contractor shall ensure that sufficient standby vibrators and ancillary equipment
are available during concreting operations.
3.14
Quality Control
i)
In order to ensure that the quality of materials and the mix proportions are suitable for
the particular grade of concrete required are so maintained, sampling and testing
shall be carried out regularly during the course or the works.
ii)
As frequently as the Architect/Project Managers' representative may require and in

any case atleast once a day while concreting is in progress, the contractor shall
sample and carry out a determination of the moisture content and a mechanical
analysis of the fine aggregate and each nominal size of coarse aggregate shall lie
within the respective limits specified and should be fraction of aggregate in the sieve
differ from the corresponding fraction of aggregate in the approved mix by more than
2% of the total quantity of fine and coarse aggregate, the Architect/Project Manager
may instruct the contractor to modify the relative proportions of the aggregates in the
mix immediately to allow for such differences.
iii)
Workability testing shall be carried out in accordance with IS:456. The results shall lie
within the range upon which the accepted mix design is based. Testing shall be
carried out at such a frequency that the required workability is consistently achieved.
iv)
Samples of concrete shall be taken at random in accordance with IS: 516 at the time
and place of deposition of the concrete at a frequency of sampling for each grade
20
of concrete and from each concrete mixing plant at six cubes of 150 mm nominal size
per 50 cubic metres of concrete placed in the works or twice per week.
v)
Notwithstanding the foregoing, additional samples shall be taken by the contractor

when directed by the Architect/Project Manager. The test cube procedure shall be in
accordance with IS: 516 throughout.
vi)
Compliance with the specified characteristic strength shall be assumed if :
3.15
a)
Each of the six cubes in a group has a test strength not less than the
characteristic strength or,
b)
Not more than one cube has a test strength less than the specified
characteristic strength but not less than 85% of the specified characteristic
strength and the average strength of the group of four test results is not less
than the specified characteristic strength plus the standard deviation of the
group.
Seven day cube tests

Acceptance of concrete is based on the 28th day results. However, the contractor
shall establish a relation ship between 7 days and 28 days strengths by carrying out 7
days tests at the time of performing the laboratory testing and from subsequent
quality control testing. This relation ship shall be used in interpreting any further test
results to predict the probable value of the corresponding 28 days cube strengths.
The contractor shall without delay advise the Architect/Project Manager of any
sample that appears likely to fail to meet the specification and the contractor shall
take any necessary action to minimize the effect of such failure.
3.16
Acceptance Criteria
The general Acceptance Criteria of any and all of the concrete work shall be as per
the relevant Clauses of IS. 456.
If any of the works tests are not up to the standard, the Architect/Project Manager
shall have the power to stop the work until the reason is investigated and steps taken
to prevent further low results. The contractor shall not be entitled to any claims on
account of such delays. Any concrete carried out from the batch that is afterwards
found to be faulty, will be liable for rejection and if so directed, the contractor shall at
his own expenses dismantle and replace the defective work and any work built
thereon or shall take such other measures as may be deemed necessary by the
Architect/Project Manager. At the discretion of the Architect/Project Manager, the
contractor may be allowed to prove by means of a load test to be carried out at his
own expense, that the concrete is capable of safely withstanding the loads as
specified in the test.
3.17
Construction joints
Construction joints shall be provided in the position described on the drawings or
elsewhere and where not so described on the drawings or else shall be in accordance
with the following :a)
A joint shall be formed horizontally at the top of a foundation and 75 mm

below the lowest soffit of the beams meeting at the head of a column.
b)
A joint shall be formed in the rib of a large tee beam and all beams 25 mm
below the soffit of the slab.
c)
Concrete in a haunch or a splay on beam or a brace, and in the head of a

column where one or more beams meet, shall be placed without a joint at the
same time as that in the beam or beams or brace.
21
3.18
d)
Concrete in the splay at the junction of a wall and slab shall be placed
throughout without a joint, but if the provisions of a joint is unavoidable, the
joint shall be vertical and the middle of a span.
e)
A joint in a slab shall be vertical and parallel to the principal reinforcement,

where it is unavoidable, at the right angles to the principal reinforcement, the
joint shall be vertical and at the middle of the span.
f)
Expansion joints, hinges or other permanent structural joints shall be provided in

the positions and of the form described in the drawings or elsewhere. Before
placing new concrete against concrete that has already hardened the face
of old concrete shall be cleaned and roughened and scrubbed and loose
aggregate removed from the form. Immediately before placing the new
concrete the face shall be thoroughly wetted and a coating of neat cement
grout applied thereto. The new concrete shall be well rammed against the
prepared face before the grout sets.
Form Work
Form work construction
i)
The contractor should submit detailed drawing of the centering & shuttering and get
the same approved from the Architect/Project Manager/Client and before laying
concrete also he should get the centering shuttering approved in writing before start
of concreting. The concreting should be done in the scientific and methodical
manner so as to give a uniform finish in line and level, so that minimum rendering or
plastering is done. The work found defective, should be dismantled & redone and site
cleared.
i)
Form work shall be so constructed that concrete can be properly placed and
thoroughly compacted. Form work shall be firmly supported and adequately strutted,
braced or tied. It shall be capable of adjustment to the lines and dimensions of the
finished concrete, and it shall be sufficiently strong to resist without excessive distortion
under the influence of the weather.
iii)
All form work shall be constructed to be rigid during the casting of concrete and
constructed so that the surfaces adjacent to the concrete are with plus minus 6 mm
or the required surfaces when supporting the concrete and sufficiently watertight to
prevent loss of liquid from the concrete, and it shall be capable of being removed
without shock or vibration to the concrete. Forms shall be cleaned with compressed
air immediately before placing concrete to remove all rubbish. The inside faces of the
form work shall be treated with a mould oil of type to be approved by the
Architect/Project Manager ad every care shall be taken to prevent mould oil from
getting on to the reinforcement.
iv)
Shuttering shall be braced and strutted to prevent deformation under the weight and
pressure of the wet concrete, constructional loads, wind and other forces. The
deflection shall not exceed 3 mm bottoms of beams boxes shall be erected with an
upward camber of 6 mm for each 3 M. of span.
Removal of Form work (Striking Time)
Unless certainly specified in the drawing, or directed by the Architect/Project
Manager, the following shall be minimum intervals of time which should be allowed
between the placing of the concrete and the striking of the mould where ordinary
portland cement is used.
22
Type of formwork
Minimum period before

Striking Formwork
a)
Vertical formwork to columns,

walls, beams
16-24
hours
b)
Soffit formwork to slabs

(Props to be refixed immediatly
after removal of formwork)
days
c)
Soffit formwork to beams

(Props to be refixed immediatly
after removal of formwork)
days
d)
Props to slabs :
7
14
days
days
14
21
days
days
i)
ii)
e)
Spanning upto 4.50 m

Spanning over 4.50 m
Props to beams and arches

i)
ii)
Spanning upto 6 m
Spanning over 6 m
Note: 1.
For other types of cement and lower temperature, the stripping time
recommended above may be suitably modified
2.
The number of props left under, their sizes and disposition shall be such as to be
able to safely carry the full dead load of the slabs, beam or arch as the case
may be together with any live load likely to occur during curing or further
construction.
However, the Contractor shall delay the removal of shuttering as long as necessary in
order to avoid damaging the work. Where shuttering to soffit is removed prior to the
props this is only permissible if the design of the shuttering allows such a sequence of
operations without the props being in any way disturbed. If the shuttering and props
are not independent, both must be left in place until propping is no longer required.
Where shuttering to sides is removed prior to the shuttering soffit, the side shuttering
shall be removed without disturbing the shuttering to the soffit.
No concrete structure shall be loaded until the concrete is at least 21 days old and
only then with the approval of the Architect/Project Manager and subject to such
conditions as may be imposed.
The contractor may be required to produce evidence that the concrete has attained
a strength sufficient to support the live and dead loads to which that part of the
structure may be subjected. This evidence shall consist of reports of compression tests
made on job cured test cubes. The cost of such tests shall be borne by the
contractor. The foregoing provisions of this clause shall not relieve the Contractor of
his responsibility to ensure that the stability and strength of any structure or part of a
structure is not impaired by the release of shuttering.
Proposals for form work
Not less than 8 days before the contractor proposes to construct any form work his
detailed proposals thereof shall be delivered to the Architect/Project Manager.
Proposals shall comprise all relevant information including calculations, detailed
drawings, rates of placing of concrete, sequence of placing of concrete and details
of any external vibrators which are proposed to be used.
23
No form work shall be constructed until the Contractors' proposals have been
received and approved by the Architect/Project Manager.
Type of form work
Two quantities of form work shall be used i.e Rough form work and wrought form work,
as noted on the Architect/Project Managers' drawings or described hereafter.
Rough form work may be constructed of sawn timber or other material as agreed by
the Architect/Project Manager. The edges of the boards shall be planned or
otherwise rendered grout tight. Provided it remain grout tight, rough form work may
be used any number of time.
Wrought form work, to all surfaces for which a smooth fair faced finish is required, shall
be constructed of purpose-made metal, fibre glass, water proof ply wood panel,
hardboard lined form work or of planed timber with edges shot so that tight joints can
be formed which will prevent loss of liquid from the concrete. The use of a particular
material for wrought form work shall be consistently maintained throughout the
structure. The surfaces of the form work in contact with the concrete shall be smooth
and free from all blemishes. The number of times wrought form work may be used
shall be subject to the surfaces, joints and edges being clean and undamaged.
Surfaces of concrete
The contractor shall ensure that the finished face of concrete offers a suitable keyed
surface for the application of the finishing media, e.g. plaster, sand and cement
screed, etc. The contractor shall also ensure that where thin films of finished, e.g. skim
coats "Snowcem", paint, etc. are to be applied that the previous provisions regarding
supporting of form work are complied with, so that the concrete faces to be treated
are left smooth, unblemished and true to line both vertically and horizontally and
require no making good before applying the finish.
Should the contractor fail however, to comply with the provision of this Clause, he shall
submit details of his proposed method of redoing the situation to the Architect/Project
Manager and must obtain written consent from the Architect/Project Manager to the
proposals before continuing with any further work on the affected surfaces.
Tolerances in concrete surfaces
The permissible tolerance in the surface of the hardened concrete shall not exceed
the following limits :
Type of irregularity
Departure of member planes from position and level.
+ 12 mm
Variation in cross-sections
+ 6 mm
Sharp changes in plane
+ 2 mm
Departure from 3 M. template of any part of planes

3.19
+ 3 mm
Curing
Canvass, Hessian or other approved screens shall be erected at all points where
concrete is being placed to shade the concrete from the direct sun or from drying
winds and such screens shall be kept in position until the surface of the concrete has
been protected as specified in the following Clauses. The contractor shall be
responsible for removing such screens and preparing surface of concrete .
24
As soon as possible after it has been placed and concrete shall be covered with
Hessian or other approved material to protect it from the sun and all concrete
surfaces shall be kept visibly wet continuously for 14 days after placement, the Hessian
being kept in position throughout this period. Surfaces cast against forms shall also be
kept moist and covered with Hessian for these periods if the form work is removed
before the periods have elapsed.
The top surface of slab shall be kept flooded with water at all times till the curing
period of 14 days is over. Columns, wall and beam sides and other surface shall be
completely covered by gunny bags and kept thoroughly wet continuously for the
period specified for curing. The ceiling of slabs shall be frequently sprayed with water
until the end of curing period.
The contractor shall ensure that all times there is an adequate supply of fresh water
available for curing the concrete.
3.20
Examinations and Repairs

The contractor shall not proceed with the surface finish or making good of concrete
surfaces until he has received the Architect/Project Managers' written permission to
do so and he shall not apply cement slurry or mortar or any other coating to the
concrete surfaces as struck from the shuttering or do anything else which would hinder
the proper inspection of the concrete by the Architect/Project Manager.
Concrete which is defective, has honeycombs, or which contains defective parts shall
be cut out completely unless the Architect/Project Manager agrees that a repair may
be satisfactorily effected.
This agreement shall not preclude subsequent
condemnation of the repaired work.
The method of repairing defective concrete which the contractor proposes to adopt
shall be submitted to the Architect/Project Manager for his prior written agreement in
each particular case.
No repairs or remedial work shall be carried out without prior inspection and
instructions of the Architect/Project Manager. (No extra shall be paid to the
contractor for the repair works).
3.21
Fair face finish to concrete surfaces

Concrete surfaces shall be finished smooth fair faced where indicated as such on the
drawings. These areas shall be entirely free from honey combing, stains, fins, lipping,
nail or screw marks, raised grain marks, air holes or any other imperfections. They shall
also be of even texture throughout. Very slight variations between member and
member may be acceptable but any such variations within a single member cannot
be tolerated. The concrete faces shall not be marked with mould oil.
The form work to these areas shall be wrought form work as specified herein.
Following inspection by the Architect/Project Manager the whole surface shall be
rubbed down by hand. Any surfaces with major imperfections, i.e. greater than can
be easily, completely and permanently obliterated by rubbing down shall be reported
immediately to the Architect/Project Manager.
Remedial work is not normally possible to the above fair faced finish surfaces and the
Contractor will be required to demolish and recast defective works.
3.22
Reinforcement Fabrication
Box Bending Schedules
25
The Contractor shall submit to the Architect/Project Manager, for the

Architect/Project Managers' approval, box bending schedule for all the works, not less
than Ten days before the contractor intends to bend the reinforcing steel.
The Approval of the Architect/Project Manager shall in no way absolve the contractor
of his responsibilities under the Contractor.
Programme of reinforcement details required
The Contractor shall provide a programme which gives the Architect/Project
Manager atleast 28 days prior notification of any reinforcement details required. The
contractor shall justify the practicability of his programme to the Architect/Project
Manager should it seem unreasonable before the programme be regarded as valid
notification. If progress on site falls behind the contractors' programme, the issue of
reinforcement details may be delayed by a period corresponding to the delay in
construction.
Bending and placing reinforcement
Reinforcement shall be cut and bent to the shapes and dimensions shown on the
finally agreed bending schedules in accordance with the requirements of IS: 2502 and
to the tolerances set out therein.
Bending shall be carried out with an appliance which provides a continuous and
uniform application of the bending deformation at every section of the bend. There
shall be provision for the free movement of the surface of the bar during bending and
the bends shall follow the contour of the former without peaking.
High Yield reinforcement must be bent without the application of artificial heating.
Mild steel reinforcement may be bent either hot or cold but shall not be heated to a
temperature greater than 850 C., and if heated not cooled by quenching.
Mild steel reinforcement temporary left projecting from the concrete at construction
or other joints shall not be bent out of position unless shown on the drawings or agreed
by the Architect/Project Manager. Where such bending and subsequent rebinding
takes place the radius of the bend shall not be less than 4 bar diameters.
Reinforcement shall be fixed without forcing in the position shown on the drawings
within a tolerance of 5 mm or 5% of the minimum dimension of cross section,
whichever be the greater and maintained so that it is not displaced during concreting
or other operations.
Horizontal bars shall be supported sufficiently to prevent displacement. This may be
plastic spacers, chairs bent from steel bar, or by concrete blocks. The method and
sufficiency of the support shall be subject to the approval of the Architect/Project
Manager.
Where concrete blocks are used, they shall be precast from concrete (not mortar) of
the same class as the concrete in which they are to be embedded, except that the
largest size of aggregate shall be 10 mm. Each block shall be secured to the
reinforcement with wire or a clip embedded in the centre of the block so that, it shall
not be in contact with the shuttering or subsequently cause rust marks on the
concrete. Intersections of reinforcement shall be bound together with 16 gauge
annealed soft iron binding wire.
Unless otherwise noted on the drawings, no intersections of reinforcement may be
fixed by welding without the permission of the Architect/Project Manager. High yield
and cold worked steel shall, in no circumstances, be welded together.
26
Should any difficulty arise during the placing of steel in obtaining the appropriate
cover, the contractor shall immediately draw the attention of the Architect/Project
Manager to the difficulty and shall carryout such corrective measures as the
Architect/Project Manager may suggest.
Protection of reinforcement and concrete
The Contractor shall ensure that movement of men and material subsequent to steel
fixing is organized so that reinforcement is not thereby displaced.
Reinforcement left projecting from any concrete shall be protected so that there is no
risk of corrosion staining to any exposed concrete surface or to any other part of the
works. For this purpose a stiff grout wash will normally be acceptable to the Engineer,
this wash shall be wire-brushed vigorously before further concrete is placed to remove
any ill- bonded material.
3.23
Precast concrete units

Precast concrete materials and workmanship shall be in accordance with
specifications unless indicated otherwise. Where different tolerances are indicated in
this specification or on the drawings from these in the more severe tolerances shall
apply. The units shall all be cast in properly made strong moulds to form the shapes
required. For work described as "finished fair" the mould shall be lined with sheet steel
or other approved material and care should be taken to ensure no damage is caused
to edges or surfaces when units are removed from the moulds.
The concrete shall be of the mixes given on the drawings and shall be thoroughly
vibrated in the moulds.
All precast work shall be cast under cover and shall so remain for seven days and shall
be kept damp in order that the units are properly matured. No units shall be lifted until
18 days have elapsed since casting and no unit shall be erected until it has been
approved by the Architect/Project Manager as free from defects.
No cracked units will be accepted for incorporation in the works.
All reinforced structural precast units shall have the tops clearly marked.
Unreinforced precast units, such as sills and copings, shall be lightly reinforced as
necessary to facilitate handling.
3.24
Lime sand mortar pad

Where specified lime mortar padding shall be provided. Lime for padding shall be in
the form of a fine dry powder produced by treating quick lime in any suitable form
with sufficient water so as to produce a completely hydrated but dry and sound
product. It shall be brought from approved manufacturers and it shall be used within
3 months of its date of manufacture. It shall be supplied in suitable containers such as
jute bags lined with polythene or high density polythene woven bags. The hydrated
lime shall bear the type of lime, brand, make of approved manufacturer, net weight
and date of manufacture.
Sand: As described in cement concrete.
Proportioning: The ingredients in specified proportions shall be measured using boxes
of suitable sizes. Sand shall be measured on the basis of their dry volume.
Mixing: The mixing of ingredients of mortar shall be done in a mechanical mixer.
However, project engineer can relax this condition at his discretion, taking into
account the nature, magnitude and location of the work, practicality of the use of
these machines etc. The ingredients of the mortar shall be fed into mechanical mixer
27
mix dry before adding water. After dry mixing is complete, just sufficient, quantity of
mortar shall be added to bring it to a working consistency. The mortar shall be mixed
at least for three minutes after the addition of water.
If the mortar is to be used for padding below foundations or floor very litter water shall
be added to dry mortar to make stiff consistency and shall be laid in 100 mm thick
layers thoroughly compacted. During compaction small quantity of water shall be
sprinkled according to requirements.
Precautions: Lime mortar shall be used as soon as possible after mixing or grinding.
As a rule mortar shall be used on the day it is made. If eminently hydraulic lime (ClassA) is present as an ingredient, the mortar shall be used within four hours after mixing or
grinding in mortar mill or mixture. Lime mortar made with semi-hydraulic lime (Class-B)
or fat lime (Class-C) and Pozzolana as ingredients shall be used within 36 hours of
mixing of grinding and lime sand mortar within 72 hours. After the close of each day's
work, mixing trough pans shall be thoroughly washed and cleaned. Lime mortar shall
be keep damp with wet sack or by any other suitable means and shall on no account
be allowed to dry.
3.25
Ready mix concrete

Grades and Strength Requirements of Concrete
General
Ready mix Concrete shall consist of the material described under site batched
concrete sections, using separate coarse and fine aggregate in an appropriate
combination determined in the course of the of mix design . The overall grading shall
be such as to produce a concrete of the specified quality which will work readily in to
position without segregation. The ready mix concrete shall conform to IS:4926 and shall
be delivered in agitating trucks. The RMC may contain flyash as per the acceptable
norms.
Slump
The water shall be added to the cement and aggregate during mixing to produce
concrete having a sufficient workability to enable it to be well consolidated, to be
worked in to the corners of the shuttering and around the reinforcement to give the
specified surface finish, and to have the specified strength. Water cement ratio shall
be maintained as per IS. 456-1978 when a suitable amount of water has been
determined, the resulting consistency shall be maintained through out the
corresponding parts of the work and tests shall be conducted to ensure the
maintenance of this consistency. The max slump at the point of the discharge should
not exceed 110mm max.
28
EXTERNAL TESTING QUALITY PLAN

3
CEMENT
(i)
(iii)
Specifics
Surface
fineness
Compressive & tensile
strength
Initial setting time
(iv)
One sample per

lot of 100MT or
part from each
source
IS-8112,
IS4031/IS-456
Manufacturer Test
Certificates/
Govt.
approved
Lab.
-do-
2250Sq.Cm/gm
-do-
Review &
acceptanc
e of test
certificate
by
Construction
Manager
-do-
-do-
160/220Kgf(Min)
-do-
-do-
-do-
30 Min.
-do-
-do-
Final setting time
-do-
10 hours
-do-
-do-
(v)
Heat of hydration
-do-
-do-
-do-
(vi)
Normal consistancy
-do-
7 days
65cal/gm,
28days 75
cal/gm
(Applicable for
low heat
Portland
cement)
As per IS
-do-
-do-
(Vii)
Specific gravity
-do-
-do-
-do-
-do-
(viii)
Soundness
-do-
-do-
-do-
-do-
WATER
(i)
Suitability
Random
IS-456,IS-3025
Govt.
Approved
Lab.
(ii)
Cleanliness
-do-
-do-
-do-
Each source
of Potable
water will
be
approved
by
construction
manager
-do-
(iii)
P.H. Value
Once per Source
-do-
Govt.
Approved
Lab.
-do-
REINFORCEMENT
(i)
Identification, Size
Random
IS-432,IS-1786
Govt.
Approved
Lab.
(ii)
Strength
-do-
-do-
-do-
(iii)
Bending
100%
Foundation
Drawings &
Specs.IS-456,IS-
-do-
Approved
by
construction
manager
Review of
test
certificate
by
Construction
Manager
Approved
by
construction
(ii)
28 (i)
TESTING TO BE CARRIED OUT AT SITE / QUALITY PLAN

S.No.
Component/Operation &
Description of Test
1.0
CONCRETING
i.
Batching, mixing, placing,

compacting
ii.
Concrete testing
a)
Slump test workability
b)
Compaction factor
Sampling Plan with

basis
100%
Ref. Document &

acceptance
norm
Testing agency
Remarks
IS : 456
Joint inspection
by construction
manager
/
contractorss
representative
Approval
by
Construction
Manager
-do-
-do-
-do-
-do-
-do-
-do-
Once per every

two hours from
every mixing plant
c)
Water / cement ratio
-do-
-do-
-do-
d)
Aggregate / cement ratio
-do-
-do-
-do-
e)
Cement & sand content
-do-
-do-
-do-
Govt. approved
/ Site lab
Cube must be
tested after
seven days
and 28 days
curing period
and test results
should be
approved by
construction
manager
2.0
CONCERETE
TESTING
i)
Strength under
compression
ii)
Tensile strength
iii)
Shear strength
iv)
Unit cube weight
3.0
STAGING
i)
CUBES
Check durability, strength

and soundness of staging
joints, adequacy of its
joints and specific level.
4.0
SHUTTERING (FORM WORK)
i)
iii)
Check for identification or

breakage or damage
Check
for
plumb.
Alignment
Dimensions
iv)
Check for level & height
v)
vi)
Check for insufficient and

loose
connecting
/
tightness
Cleaning & oiling
vii)
Diagonal bracing
ii)
One set of six cubes

everyday for every
grade of concrete
done during the
day/ As per IS-456
IS:1199, IS 1178,
IS:456 &
Specifications
Random
To be
approved by
construction
manager
Random
As per drawing
-do-
100% before
casting
-do-
As per drawing
-do-
As per drawing
-do-
As per drawing
Random
As per drawing
Joint inspection
by construction
manager and
contractors
representative
-do-do-do-
-do-
As per drawing
-do-
100%
As per drawing
-do-
28 (ii)
S.No.
5.
i)
ii)
iii)
iv)
v)
vi)
vii)
6.
Component/Operation &
Description of Test
PLACEMENT
OF
REINFORCEMENT STEEL
Check as per the Bar
bending schedule before
placement
of
all
concreting works.
Check cutting tolerance
for bars as per check
list/drawing
Check all bent up bars
are as per approved bar
bending schedule with
such tolerance so that
final
cover
in
reinforcement should not
be reduced by more than
2mmor increase more
than 10mm
Check all joints & crossing
of bars are tied properly
with
tight
gauge
&
annealed wire as per
specification
Check
any
of
bars
selected shall be free
from any cracks , surface
flaws,
laminate
&
imperfect edges
Check for proper cover
distance, spacing of bars
spacers & chairs after the
reinforcement cage has
been put inside the
formwork.
Lapping of bars- Check
that bars are tied properly
tight gauge & annealed
wire as per specs.
Curing
Sampling Plan with

basis
Ref. Document &

acceptance
norm
Testing agency
100%
As per approved
Drawing/Specific
ation
Joint Inspection
100%
-do-
-do-
To be
approved by
construction
manager
-do-
100%
-do-
-do-
-do-
Random
-do-
-do-
-do-
-do-
-do-
-do-
-do-
-do-
-do-
-do-
-do-
100%
-do-
-do-
-do-
100%
-do-
-do-
-do-
28 (iii)
Remarks
4.0
MASONRY WORKS
4.1
Stone Masonry
i)
Stone masonry shall be of hard stone obtained from approved quarry. Stone used
shall be of the type specified. It shall be hard, sound, free from decay, weathering,
and defects like cracks, flaws and holes. Stone with round surfaces shall not be used.
ii)
Normally, stone used should be small enough to be lifted and placed by hand. The
length of stone shall not exceed three times the height.
iii)
All stones shall be wetted before use. The wall shall be carried up truly plumb. Every
stone shall be carefully fitted to the adjacent stone as to form a neat and close joint.
Bond or through stone shall be provided not exceeding 1.5 meter apart, in each
coarse, and shall be staggered. Bond stone shall be from the front to the back of the
wall.
iv)
The interior filling shall be with flat bedded stones laid in mortar. Chips, spells shall be
used to void thick mortar joints and shall not exceed 10% of the quantity of stone
masonry.
v)
Unless otherwise mentioned, the mortar used shall be 1:5 (1 cement : 5 coarse sand).
All surface joints will be raked and filled with cement mortar 1:3 (1 cement : 3 coarse
sand).
4.2
Brick Works
i)
The bricks shall conform to the IS No. 1077-1986 of minimum crushing strength of 75
Kg./Cm2.
ii)
The building bricks are to be the best quality table moulded kiln burnt, patent bricks,
hard sound, square with sharp arises, even and uniform in shape and colour free from
cracks, stones, flaws and other defects. Samples of bricks are to be submitted to the
Architect/Project Manager for approval before full quantity is ordered. All supply of
brick to conform to the sample approved. No brick after 24 hours immersion in water
shall absorb water more than 15% of its own weight.
iii)
The cement and sand shall be as described under 'Cement Concrete' and the mortar
unless specified otherwise in BOQ is to be composed of one part cement to four parts
of coarse sand by volume, thoroughly mixed by hand. Hydrophobic cement used in
mortar shall be thoroughly machine mixed. No mortar that has started to set shall be
used in the work.
iii)
Every brick shall be thoroughly soaked in water before use. Broken bricks shall not be
used except as closers. The courses shall be truly horizontal and the work strictly
plumb, joints shall be broken vertically and they shall not exceed 1/2" in thickness. All
joints in brick work are to be well filled with mortar.
iv)
The brick work shall not be raised more than 12 single courses per day and shall be
built in English bond, except brick on edge and half brick thick walls shall be built in
stretcher bond. Except for brick on edge work, the bricks shall be placed with "frog"
facing upwards.
v)
All joints in brick work shall be raked out 1/2" deep as the work proceeds, and before
the mortar sets.
vi)
The brick work is to be carried out with all necessary set backs, projections, cuttings
and toothings in conformity with the drawings.
29
vii)
The brick work shall be cured by watering and continuously kept wet for 10 days, and
the work shall be well protected during rainy season.
viii)
All uneven, irregular and bad brick work poor in workmanship shall be demolished if
deemed necessary by the Architect/Project Manager and rebuilt by the contractor at
the contractors' expenses. If necessary the contractor will have to provide wooden
plug, etc. for his own work and for which there will be no special payment on that
account. The work will have to be executed at any height and lift will not form the
criterion for any extra amount.
ix)
Should any efflorescence be observed in brick work, it should be washed down by

clean water and brick surface treated with such chemicals as are deemed necessary
by the Architect/Project Manager without any extra charge and at the contractors'
own expenses, till efflorescence subsides. Should the efflorescence persist, the brick
work shall be demolished if deemed necessary by the Architect/Project Manager and
the work rebuilt with new bricks including making good all the work disturbed without
any extra charge.
x)
Half brick masonry

All brick work under 115 mm thick shall be reinforced with hoop iron, 16 gauge 25 mm
wide, or 2 Nos. 6 mm dia bars, in every coarse in the bottom for the first four coarses
and in every fourth coarse thereafter. The said bars shall be cast in or securely fixed to
adjoining concrete walls or columns. 75mm thick RCC band with 1:2:4 mix concrete
and 2 Nos. 10 mm dia MS bars with 'U' shaped 6 mm dia MS strips @ 150 mm centres,
shall be provided at every 2 metre height or as directed. RCC will be measured and
paid for separately but its area will be deducted from brick work. No extra for the cost
of hoop iron will be paid.
4.3
Hollow/solid concrete Block Masonry
i)
Cement concrete hollow blocks shall be made so as to conform IS:2185. They will be
free from cracks, and flows. They shall have plane rectangular faces with parallel
sides and have sharp straight angled edges. They shall have a fine, compact and
uniform texture.
ii)
All blocks used in construction, shall be dry prior to their being placed in position. The
blocks shall be placed on each other, true plumb and mortar placed so that the
mortar does not fall in the cavities. Walls shall be raised not more than 1 mtr. above
another at one time.
iii)
All block work shall be sprayed with clean water for atleast seven days after being
laid. During this period, no cutting or chasing shall be permitted nor shall the block
work be disturbed in any way.
iv)
Cement mortar for block work shall be 1:4 (1 cement: 4 coarse sand) by volume.
Joints shall be 10 mm thick, and on faces of walls to be plastered, shall be raked to a
depth of 10 mm as the work proceeds.
v)
All junctions between block work and concrete members, shall have galvanized mild
steel butterfly ties, to be cast in concrete at 400 mm vertical spacing and then built in
to the mortar bed joint of the wall. The junctions will be raked to a depth of 10 mm
and tied with chicken wire mesh to a distance of 150 mm on either side before
plastered. Wherever indicated by the Architect/Project Manager, a groove will be
made in the plaster at the junction, without any extra cost.
4.3.1
Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC ) block masonry conforming to I.S. 2185(Part-
III): 6041 1985, I.S -1905 ( latest edition).
30
SPECIFICATION SHEET
Product Dimension:
Product
Length
AAC Block
625 mm
Height
250 mm
Thickness
100 mm, 125MM,150 mm ,200 mm,225MM,300MM
Properties of AAC Block:

Properties
Density (Oven Dry)
Compressive Strength
Thermal Conductivity ( K Value)
Resistant to Fire
Drying Shrinkage
Design Gross Density
4.4
Values
51-650 Kg/Cum
Minimum 30 Kg/cm2
0.24 W/mK
2 - 6 hrs depending upon Thickness
0.1 %
850 Kg/Cum. (appx.)
Mortar
The mortar for masonry work shall be cement and sharp coarse sand and shall be
made in small quantities so as to be used up within 30 minutes. The cement and sand
of the required proportion shall be first mixed dry thoroughly and water added and
mixed to a sufficiently thick consistency as required by the Architect/Project Manager.
No left over mortar shall be used. Unless otherwise specified the mortar shall be of the
following proportions.
a)
One cement and five coarse sand for 230 mm thick masonry work and above.
b)
One cement and four coarse sand for piers, half brick walls, honeycombed brick work,
hollow blocks.
4.5
Walls under structural members

Allowance shall be made for leaving, temporarily, open courses immediately below all
structural members built in to the walls. The open courses shall be left to permit full
deflection of structural members. The open courses shall then be made good, and
pointed up after the structural members have been fully loaded and before the
completion of the works.
31
5.0
CARPENTER AND JOINERY
5.1
Timber
All timber shall be of the kind and of first class quality as described and indicated on
drawings and schedules. It shall be uniform in texture, free from large, loose head or
cluster knots, veneer, injurious open shakes, bore holes, rot, decay discoloration, soft or
spongy spots, hollow pockets, pit and all other defects and blemishes. The sizes shown
or described are to be taken as net sizes when finished.
5.2
Seasoning
All timber shall be fully seasoned, if necessary, in kilns, and the contractor shall
produce satisfactory proof of the same.
The moisture content in the Timber, shall not exceed 12% for internal work and 16% for
external work. The timber shall remain stable, free from expansion or contraction or
any other movements, when fixed in position. The timber shall be free from drying
defects and shrinkage.
5.3
Rough carpentry
Material
All framing and other concealed wood members shall be of sound wood or approved
specials and shall be seasoned. All surfaces in contact with masonry or concrete, and
in general, all surfaces hidden from view, shall be treated with two coats of approved
wood preservative paint.
Workmanship
All carpenters' work shall be done by skilled workmen, with the longest nails that may
be used without splitting the wood. In general top nailing and cross nailing shall be
used. Wherever it is necessary, or an, adequate joint can not be formed by nailing,
the members shall be lapped or jointed by GI straps or extra wood blocks. All jointing
and nailing shall be done with neatness, especially in exposed positions. Joints and
nailing shall be approved by the Architect/Project Manager and done according to
his direction when required. Cross bracing, solid blocking and bracing shall be
provided according to best practice.
5.4
Joinery
Materials
Finished wood work and joinery including doors, shall be with straight grained Indian
Teak of approved quality, unless noted otherwise. Wood shall be free from knots, and
other blemishes and imperfections. All finished wood for joinery shall be seasoned as
prescribed before. All joinery work shall be securely mortised and tanoned and glued
with best quality synthetic waterproof glue equivalent of FEVICOL or MOVICOL. All
sections and dimensions shall be as shown on drawings. For all joinery work, nails shall
not be permitted, and only wood screws of appropriate sizes shall be used. Wherever
practicable, means of fastening the various parts together shall be concealed.
Installation
Doors, and cabinet work shall be installed in position only after the plaster in the
section for which it is intended, is sufficiently dry.
All interior and exterior doors, cabinet work and other fixed wooden equipment shall
be fixed plumb and true. Wherever possible, the joints shall be bevelled. All exterior
angles shall be mitred. Adjoining interior wood members shall match and harmonize.
All wood work in contact with masonry shall be painted with approved bitumen paint
32
before placing in position. All concealed wood members shall be treated with antitermite coating before placing in position.
Disclorin 18% LC
Pantachlophenel 12%
Kerosene Oil
5.5
:
:
:
2 Litres
5 Litres
93 Litres
Measurements
The Contractor shall be fully responsible for accuracy of all measurements and shall
verify all dimensions given on the drawings, and shall make such site measurements as
are necessary to complete the work properly.
5.6
Doors and Windows

Doors and windows and ventilator frames shall be made of first quality seasoned
timber specified under the head of timber for doors and window frames, and as
shown on the drawing or as directed by the Architect/Project Manager/Client. These
shall be properly framed mortised together, and set solidly in the masonry with MS
holdfasts. Holdfasts will be 30 x 4 cms and 5 mm flat fixed to the jamb and embedded
in masonry with PCC 1:2:4. Windows 1 mtr. high will have minimum of 6 number
holdfasts. Each holdfast will be fixed to the frame with 3 Nos. of 5 cm. long
galvanized iron screws. In case the frames are to be fixed to RCC members, suitable
rawl plugs shall be used as directed by the Architect/Project Manager.
5.7
Flush Doors
All flush door shall be solid core as specified. It shall conform to the relevant
specifications to IS: 2202 and shall be obtained from ISI approved manufacturers. The
finished thickness of the shutter shall be as mentioned in the items. Face veneers shall
be of the pattern and colour approved by the Architect/Project Managers and an
approved sample shall be deposited with the Architect/Project Managers for
reference. The solid core shall be wood laminates prepared from battens of well
seasoned and treated good quality wood having straight grains.
5.8
Plywood
Plywood shall be best quality closed grained suitable for veneering, painting or
bonded with plastic laminate. It shall be resin bonded and of waterproof and boil
proof (WBP) brand. Exposed edges shall be finished with an edge strip of solid
teakwood.
5.9
Chipboard
Wood chipboard shall be particle board made from wood particles bonded with a
synthetic resin (Phenol Formaldehyde). Chipboards shall not be used externally or in
damp surroundings. Only approved brand by the Architect/Project Manager shall be
used in the works.
5.10
Glass and Glazing

The contractor shall furnish all labour, material and equipment required to complete
the installation of all glass and related items. A glass shall be of the type, quality, and
substance specified in the schedule of quantities. The contractor shall cut glass sizes
by field measurements or dimensions of the approved shop drawings.
The
responsibility for correct glass sizes shall rest with the contractor. No cracked, chipped
or disfigured glass shall accepted, and the contractor shall replace all breakages or
faulty installation without cost to the Employer.
33
The glass shall be set in wood or metal glazing straps and metal sash with elastic
glazing and compound. The glass shall be beaded first and so installed as to achieve
a completely watertight result. The opaque glass, where called for, shall be set with
the smooth surface outside. At the completion of the work all glass shall be
thoroughly cleaned of paint and other marks removed. Any cracked, scratched,
chipped or otherwise defective glass shall be removed and replaced without extra
cost to the Architect/Project Manager.
5.11
Hardware
The contractor shall procure all the hardware as specified in the schedule. The rate
shall include for making chases to receive the hardware, and also the cost of
approved screws, nails, clamps etc. The fixing shall be done in the best workmanship
like manner and in accordance with that employed for fixing hardware. Any damage
to the joinery or the hardware shall be made good at no extra cost to the Employer.
5.12
Partitions/False Ceiling
Timber framing for partitions and ceiling shall be fixed by approved MS clamps, bolts
or other equal and approved slotted angle suspenders and shall be treated with
wood preservative using solignum or other equal and approved. Steel work within
false ceiling shall be painted with two coats of priming Red lead paint. MS clamps,
suspenders shall be welded to the MS hold down plates where provided in the
structural soffit, or fixed in to the RCC work by cutting holes in approved manner and
grouted with stiff mix of (1:1:3) cement concrete.
34
6.0
METAL WORKS
6.1
Metal Casements
Frames of casements shall be of hot rolled sections. Both fixed and openable frames
shall be constructed of sections which have been cut to length, mitred and
electrically flush but welded at corners. Subdividing bar units shall be tennoned and
riveted in to the frames. All frames shall have the corners welded to a true right angle
and welds shall be neatly ground down smooth. Couplings, mullions, transom, and
weather bar shall be provided, as directed by the Architects. Outer frames shall be
provided with fixing screws and lugs shall be used for fixing the frame to the masonry.
Mastic cements shall be used for making the joints watertight.
Hinges shall be of the strong projecting type. If directed, friction type hinges shall be
used in which case windows shall not be fitted with peg stays. Projecting type hinged
shutter shall be fitted with bronze, or brass peg stays, 30 cms long with pegs and
brackets welded/rivetted to the frame. All windows shall be provided with handles of
brass or bronze, fixed with a square head bolt, which can be tightened if required
after the glazing has been fitted. Top hung ventilators shall be fixed with plain hinges,
riveted or welded to the fixed frame. A brass or bronze peg stays 30 cms. long as in
windows, shall be provided.
Centre hung ventilators shall be hung on two pairs of brass or lead-tin-bronze cup
pivots, riveted to the inner and outer frames of the ventilators, to permit the ventilators
to swing through an angle of approximately 850. The opening position of the
ventilator shall be so balanced to keep it open at any desired angle under normal
weather conditions. A bronze spring shall be fitted in the centre of the top bar of the
ventilator for the operation of the ventilator. This spring catch which shall be closed in
to a mild steel iron catch plate, riveted or welded to outside of the outer ventilator
bar. A brass chord pulley wheel in mild steel or malleable iron brackets shall be
provided along with the chord pulley wheel in mild steel or malleable iron brackets
shall be provided along with the chord eye.
The windows and ventilators shall be painted with approved paint. All the steel
surface shall be thoroughly cleaned free of rust, scale or dirt and mill scale by picking
or phosphating and before erecting painted with the coat of approved primer and
after erection painted with two finishing coats of synthetic enamel paint of approved
shade and quality. Glazing of special thickness shall be provided on the outside of
frames and unless otherwise specified, metal beading of approved shape and section
shall be used for fixing glasses. Special metal sash putty of approved make shall be
used as directed.
6.2
Aluminium Doors, Windows, Curtain Wall etc.

Shop Drawings
Contractor shall submit to the Architect/Project Manager for their approval, shop
drawings within 15 days of confirming the opening sizes. The drawings must indicate
construction details, materials, fixing clamps etc. The contractor shall however make
his own measurements to ascertain the actual openings on site and they will be
responsible for the correctness of the sizes of the windows, louvers etc.
Protection against Wind and Weather
Contractor shall ensure that the members of the doors/windows/walling, shall
withstand 150 Kg/Sqm. wind pressure, without deformation. The openable windows
must not warp in the extreme climatic conditions. All calculations for the sizing of the
members, must be lodged with the Architect/Project Managers. The contractor is
however, responsible to replace any damaged member at their cost, if the same is
found to be inadequate for extreme weather. The contractor must guarantee that
the windows are completely waterproof.
The contractor shall submit one sample of each item for inspection and scrutiny and
get the same approved by the Architect/Project Manager, prior to fabricating the
remaining items.
35
All extruded aluminium sections shall be obtained from approved and established
manufacturers and shall be of aluminium alloy conforming to IS:733. The sections shall
generally conform to IS:1948. These shall be fabricated as per the approved shop
drawings. All doors, windows and walling will be supplied complete with screws,
beads, weather stripping and matching finish hardware.
All frames shall have corners fixed to a true right angles. For side hung shutters, hinges
shall normally be of projecting type made of aluminium alloy and rivetted/welded to
frames and shall have stainless steel pins. Handles, peg stays, etc. shall be of
approved aluminium quality or its alloy conforming to IS specifications.
The colour of anodizing shall be natural unless otherwise stated, and its sample shall
be submitted for the Architect/Project Managers' approval before work commences.
The sections shall be anodized to a minimum thickness of 15 microns/or as specified in
the item of BOQ . The supplier must submit necessary evidence to the satisfaction of
the Architect/Project Manager that the thickness of the anodization is not less than 15
microns/or as specified in the item of BOQ. In case of doubt the Architect/Project
Manager reserves the right to send sample pieces to independent testing laboratories,
at the cost of the supplier. If the testing laboratory report states that the thickness or
quality of the anodization is deficient, the Employer may ask the contractor to treat
the order as cancelled and the supplier in such a case shall indemnify the Employer of
any loss incurred by the Supplier.
A frame should be made to fit the actual openings with a 5 mm clearance all round.
Discrepancies in overall width or height exceeding 5 mm will not be allowed and the
frames will be rejected in such cases. Small discrepancies shall have the gaps suitably
filled with tropical grade mastic.
All ironmongery to be fixed to the frames shall be approved by the Architect/Project
Manager prior to fixing. Glazing sections shall be lined with PVC gaskets to make the
window completely waterproof.
The contractor shall provide all scaffolding ladders etc. for fixing the windows and
glazing and no extra will be payable on this account.
6.3
Rolling Shutters
Rolling shutters shall be in extruded galvanized sections, of approved make, type and
finish. These shutters shall be complete with locking arrangements, hoods, guides,
pulling devices, springs and other accessories. Wherever specified, mechanical
device shall be fixed for easy operation of the shutters.
6.4
Aluminium Railing
All aluminium railings shall be carried out on site as shown on the drawings, from
approved anodized aluminium extrusions. When required, parts shall be specially
made to shapes and matched with the standard extrusions.
The whole work shall be done in true plumb and rigidly fixed. All mechanical joints
shall be finished neat with Araldite.
6.5
Brass Railing/Stainless steel railing

Brass balustrades shall be solid or hollow cold drawn bard and strips with bright gold
colour. All the parts shall be cold bent to exact shape and pattern shown in the
drawing. The work shall be carried out by a specialized Agency, approved by the
Architect/Project Manager. All ornamental castings shall be free from defects and
shall match with the rest of the work.
All brass shall be highly polished before handing over and given protective coats of
lacquer according to the manufacturers' instruction. All balustrades shall be set in
lead and shall be plumb and rigid.
6.6
Stainless steel railing shall conform to sections in the drawing . Joints shall be neatly
welded and grinded and polished. Balustrades shall be rigidly fixed by means of
suitable ms sleeves or expanded fasteners.
36
6.7
Metal Fire rated Doors

Rating criteria should be specfied in the item such as 1 hour rating , two hour rating .
Generally it is 2 hour rating and should be as per BS: 476 part 22 and IS: 3614 part II.
Frame : shall be fabricated from 1.6 mm thick galvanized steel or 2 mm thick
M.S.CRCA sheets depending on the size of the door. Frame will have single or
double rebate profile . They will be provided with stiffeners for hardware /lock
mounting and hold fasts grouting.
Shutter : Overall thickness of shutter shall be 43 mm formed from two outer skin
panels of 1.25 mm thick galvanized steel sheets. Shutters should be of multi
bend construction with lock seam joinery for high strength and resistance.
Reinforcement shall be provided in the shutter at locking / hardware area. The
infill material shall be mineral wool.
Material : The sheet metal used for 1.6 mm thick frame and 1.25 mm thick
shutter panels shall conform to IS: 277- 1992. The MS CRCA sheet conforms to IS:
513-1994. The doors shall be provided with 4 long SS Magnum make hinges. The
number hinges depend upon size of the door but in no case less than four
hinges for each shutter.
37
7.0
FLOORING/DADO/CLADDING
7.1
General
All flooring shall be laid to the best practice known to the trade. The flooring shall be
laid to the level except where slopes are called for on the drawings in which case the
slopes shall be uniform and so arranged to drain in to the indicated outlets.
Particular care shall be exercised to ensure that all flooring, skirting and dado are
perfectly matched for colour and finish. Sufficient extra tiles (not less than 5%) shall be
cast/ordered to ensure an adequate supply of matched floor tiles. The contractor
shall furnish for approval by the Architect/Project Managers, samples of each type of
floor finish.
7.2
Cement Concrete flooring (IPS Flooring)

Indian patent stone flooring shall be 1.5" or of thickness specified and laid in two
layers, bottom layer 1.1/4" thick or as specified in 1 part of portland cement, 2 parts of
coarse sand and 4 parts of crushed stone aggregate 1/2" down well graded machine
mixed with not more than 5.5 gallons of water for each bag of cement and top layer
1/4" thick in one part of portland cement, 2.5 parts of selected crushed stone chips
1/8" down with just enough sand maximum part to make workable mix, machine
mixed with not more than 5 gallons of water. Top layer to be laid before the bottom
layer has hardened. Flooring shall be laid in squares or bays as directed and each
layers shall be well compacted by ramming with heavy teak wood floats. The top
shall be brought to a smooth and even surface free from blemishes and finished
smooth by steel trowelling. After the concrete surface has hardened sufficiently to
prevent dislodgement of aggregates, the patent stone shall be polished with No. 1, 2
& 3 polishing stone. The flooring shall be kept wet for seven days for curing.
Where ironite/hardonite topping is specified in the "Schedule of Quantities" the
bottom layer shall be 40mm thick or in the item of B.O.Q. and the top layer shall be
12mm thick mixed with ironite/hardonite as per manufacturers specification and
finished fair.
7.3
Granolithic Flooring
The general specifications for granolithic floors, where called for, shall be as per the
cement flooring except that the top 12mm finish shall be of granolithic consisting of 1
part of cement and 1.1/2 part of well graded crushed aggregate. The aggregate
shall be of approved quality.
7.4
Ceramic/Glazed Tiles
All white or coloured glazed tiles shall be minimum 5 mm thick of approved
manufacturer as stated in the schedule of quantities. Only first quality tiles of pure
white/uniform colour and glaze shall be used. No cracked or warped tiles shall be
used in the work. All tiles shall be required to be set in cement mortar. Prior to setting
the tiles the contractor shall at his own cost, clear the whole surface and thoroughly
saturate it with water. A layer of 12 mm thick cement mortar shall then be applied to
the surface and the tiles laid firmly over a layer of clear cement slurry. The tiles shall be
set in perfect line, level and true to plumb line. The joints of tiles shall have white or
coloured cement painting. After the setting operation is completed, the contractor
shall carefully remove all cement and dribbling and cure the tiled surface for atleast
seven days with water.
38
7.5
Ceramic/Glazed tile dado

Glazed tile dado where called for in the drawings, shall be minimum 5 mm thick white
glazed tiles of approved manufacture. The tiles shall be free from cracks, twists,
uneven edges, cracking and such other defects. The rear face of tiles shall be
grooved and/or recessed to provide an adequately key for the plaster. The tiles shall
be laid true and plumb over a cement screed 12 mm thick composed of cement and
sand 1:3 (1 cement: 3 coarse sand). The tiles shall be finally set in the mortar bedding,
the joints in white cement slurry. After laying the tiles shall be thoroughly washed and
cleaned to the satisfaction of the Architect/Project Manager.
7.6
Shahabad/Kota Stone Flooring

The best quality stone from approved quarry, shall be laid either with rough stone or
machine cut and machine polished as specified in respective items and shall be of
specified thickness and of approved quality and size, free from cracks and flakes and
shall be uniform in colour, with straight edges. The sides of machine cut and machine
polished stones shall have perfect right and finished as described under plain cement
or colour, cement, tiles, on a beeding of 1:4 mix 20 mm (average) thickness. The
finished stone surface thus laid shall then be polished to the required degree as
approved by the Architect/Project Manager. Flooring shall be finally wax polished
and protected till the handing over of the building.
7.7
Granite and Marble Stone
A)
Granite : Granite shall be any colour and size as approved by the Architect. Granite
shall be plain machine cut and mirror polished . The stone shall be smooth , of even
surface without holes or pits. The stones shall be freeof warpage /curvature.
Physical properties :
1
2
Moisture absorption after 24 hrs immersion

in water
Max 0.50 % by weight
Specific Gravity
Min. 2.6
IS 1124
IS 1122
Approval of sample : Before starting the work , the contractor shall get samples of
Granite approved by the Architect. Approved samples shall be kept in the
custody of the Architect and Granite supplied and used on the wprk shall conform
to samples with regard to sundness, colour , veining and general texture.
Laying : All the stones shall be wetted before laying in position. These shall then be
floated on mortar and bedded properly in position with wooden mallets without
the use of chips or under pinning of any sort.
The walls and pillars shall be carried up truly in plumb or battered as shown in the
drawings . All courses shall be laid truly horizontal and all vertical joints shall be truly
vertical. The joints shall be finished smooth with matching filler.
Green work shall be suitably protected from damage during construction.
B)
Marble work : Marble shall be the best Indian Marble to be approved by the
Architect/Project Manager/Client and a sample piece should be kept in the office of
the Project Manager. The quality shall be uniform and it shall be hard and free from
any discolorations, cracks, flaws, veins of foreign materials or any other defects.
When marble of different colour and kinds associated, care shall be taken to see
that they are of equal hardness so as to wear evenly. The marble slabs shall be
machine cut true to the shape and size and machine polished. Care shall be
taken to cut the slabs so as to provide a pattern as indicated. Marble stone slabs for
wall lining and dadoes shall be machine polished edges. The wall shall be lined with
the marble in courses as indicated and grain of the marble shall be arranged in
pattern as per detailed drawings. The marble shall be bedded in cement mortar
39
backing covering the full area of the marble. The wall surface shall cleaned from all
dirt, mortar droppings etc. before applying the base plaster. The marble shall be
fixed to the wall by bronze/copper cramps 5"x1.1/2"x1/4 " and Bronze pins 1/4"
diameter x2" embedded firmly in to wall by cutting hole and grouting alternately
stainless steel cramps and pins as per design shall be used. The load of one marble
slab shall not be borne by the slab below. Joints between slabs shall be hair fine and
filled with coloured cement to match the marble. The marble lining and dadoes shall
be finally hand polished by Carborundum stone, buffing with polishing felt and
cleaned with diluted oxalic acid wash.
7.8
Italian Marble flooring & Dado

The thickness of Italian Marble slabs shall be 18 to 20 mm and tile shall be 10mm thick.
All small cracks/voids etc. in the marble slab and tile shall be filled with imported resin.
The marble slabs shall be machine cut true to shape and size. Proper care shall be
taken to arrange the grains of the marble in required pattern as approved by the
Architect/Project Manager, while fixing the Italian marble slab or tile. The marble shall
be bedded in cement mortar backing covering the full area of the marble. The slab
or wall surfaces shall be cleaned thoroughly before applying cement slurry or mortar.
Joints between slabs shall be hair fine and filled with white cement mixed with.
7.9
PVC Floor/Antistatic Floor

PVC floor tiles shall be 2 mm thick and shall have fast colour as required by relevant
Indian standards and shall not have an indentation after 10 minutes of 0.3 mm and
residual indication after 60 minutes of 0.02 mm with 10 minutes time load applied at
25oC. The tile shall be to the colour and pattern selected by consultant from
approved manufacturer and shall be fixed with approved adhesives and finished
according to his instructions. Matching PVC coved skirting will be as above in
specifications and fixings.
Flooring will be fixed only on completely dry screeding/backing.
Welding of tiles and rolls with 4 mm PVC welding rod is recommended or as required
by the Consultant.
All PVC tiles/Rolls will be Premier vinyl or equivalent approved.
Heavy duty PVC flooring will be resilient minimum 4.5 mm thick and suitable for use in
exercise and fitness rooms to consultants approved.
7.10
Expansion and compression joints

These shall be clearly indicated on the shop drawings and formed of non-staining two
parts polysulphide with polyethylene foam backing to full depth of screed in pavings.
In no instance shall expansion joints be less than 10 mm. Supporting corbels cover
shall be recessed into the back of the above slab and not placed in the expansion
joint. Expansion joint shall be kept completely free of all fixing materials and are to be
inspected by the consultant prior to filling.
7.11
Gang Saw Cut Bansi Paharpur Stone/Dholpur Stone Lining (Cladding)
a)
Stone shall be all hard, sound durable and tough, free from cracks, decay and
weathering and defects like cavities, cracks, flaws, sand holes, veins, patches of soft or
loose materials uniform shade.
b)
The stone shall be cut into slabs of required thickness along the flames parallel to the
natural bed of stones.
c)
The stone shall be wetted before laying. They shall then be fixed with mortar in
position without the use of chips, or underpinning of any sort.
40
d)
Where so desired, the adjoining stones shall be secured to each other by means of
stainless steel pins 40mm long and 6mm diameter or as specified in the item of BOQ..
e)
The stones shall be secured to the backing by means of stainless steel angle or cramps
of design/size given in the drawing or item of BOQ.
Stainless steel cramps can also be of 25x6mm flat 30cm or 16.5cm long required
according to thickness of wall or as per site conditions unless specified otherwise they
may be provided as directed by Consultant/construction Manager. The cramps shall
be spaced not more than 60 cms apart or as shown on the drawing.
f)
Cramps may be attached to its sides or top and bottom and or sides top and bottom.
The minimum number of cramps required for fixing facing unit to the wall shall be a
two and two pin. The actual number of cramps and their sections however shall be as
per requirements of design to carry the loads.
g)
When cramps are used to hold the unit in position only, the facings shall be provided
with a continuous support in which the stones rest at the ground level and other storey
levels, the support being in the form of projection from or recesses into the concrete
floor slab, or a beam between the columns or stainless steel angle attached to the
floor slab or beams.
h)
The pins, cramps and dowels shall be laid in cement mortar 1:2 (1 cement: 2 fine sand)
and their samples got approved by Engineer-in-Charge.
i)
Stainless steel angle cramps/bracket shall be held in position with the help of
expansion hold fasteners (Wedge expansion type).
j)
The veneering work curved on plan shall be measured at plain work, but extra
payment shall be allowed for radii not exceeding 6 meters on external face. For radii
beyond 6 meters the work shall be measured as plain work only, even when the face
may have to be dressed to curve.
Expansion fasteners and cramps and pins shall be paid separately if not included in
the item of BOQ.
7.12
GRANITE STONE CLADDING WITH SPACE BETWEEN STONE AND WALL

Stone shall be of approved quality size, colour and thickness. The fixing detail shall be
as described in item 7.11 above.
7.13
SPECIFICATIONS FOR FALSE/CAVITY FLOORING

Cavity flooring shall have 610mm x 610mm panel dimensions, including ramps and
steps. The pedestals shall be 25mm dia bright rod, partly threaded stud welded to the
MS base plate 100mm x 100mm x 8mm thick and top head attachment made out of
pressure dia cast zinc Aluminium Alloy. The top head attachment will be adjusted by
means of check-out, moveable up and down 25mm for level adjustment. The
pedestal shall be firmly fixed on the floor 610mm c/c, both ways with araldite.
Machine cut cold rolled Mild steel channels/stringers of size 40 x 40 x 40mm x 3.15mm
shall be fixed over the top head attachment in both the directions to make a grid of
frame work of 610mm x 610mm to the true levels and alignment to support false floor
panels along all edges. The floor panel shall be made out of 35mm thick particle
board phenol formaldehyde bonded, fire/termite resistant and moisture proof quality.
The same shall be faced on top with 2mm thick high pressure laminate and underside
of the board with 0.05mm thick Aluminium foil. the edge of the panel shall have
lipping of hard PVC strip 25mm x 4mm x 2mm. The PVC strips shall be fixed by means
of adhesive/nails. The finished panels shall be perfect in size, shape alignment, free
from any undulation/warping and properly number marked on the underside for
41
identification, floor panels and stringers shall be completely removable and shall
remain in position without screwing or bolting.
The cavity floor when completed shall be capable of withstanding uniform load of
2000 Kg./Sqm. The floor shall not deflect by more than 1/400 of the span with max.
point load. The permissible tolerance in the floor shall not be more than 3mm from
one end to another. The joints between finished floor panels shall be air tight. All steel
frame work pedestals shall be painted with enamel paint or Electro galvanised. The
floor panels shall be cut wherever required for providing suitable cutlets for the cables.
a)
PEDESTAL/JACK
115mm dia pressure dia cast zinc aluminium alloy with integral load disbursement ribs
and 25mm dia threaded, bright rod, with Electro galvanised finish, having 2 check nuts
moveable up and down 25mm for level adjustment with top head attachment of
Pressure dia cast zinc aluminium alloy to receive channel framing the both directions.
Height - From 100mm to 1000mm.
b)
STRINGERS/CHANNELS
40mm x 40mm x 3.15mm thick cold rolled MS channels duly finished with paint/electro
galvanised to be fixed over the jack head at 610mm center in both directions.
c)
FLOOR PANELS
610mm x 610mm x 35mm core of high density plain particle board with phenol
formaldehyde bonded, Fire/Termite resistant and moisture proof quality.
TRIM EDGE
Extruded hard PVC section lipping size 25mm x 4mm 2mm glued/ nailed to all edges
of panels ensuring edge protection.
d)
COVERING OF PANELS shall be of high Pressure laminate 2mm thick of size 610mm x
610mm in any shade.
The following accessories shall be part of supply and installation : i)
ii)
e)
Peripheral MS Angle 40mm x 40mm x 3.15mm

Panel lifters Suction/Vaccum type - 2 Nos.
INSTALLATION
Floor shall be installed by a specialist floor contractor. The sub floor should be level to
10mm within any one floor area, with no projection greater than 3mm above the floor
surface.
f)
MEASUREMENTS
Area shall be measured full length and width from wall to wall and no deductions shall
be made for any opening or column in the floor.
42
8.0
FINISHING
8.1
General
8.1.1
All plaster work shall be of the best workmanship and in strict accordance with the
dimensions of the drawings. All plastering shall be finished to true levels including
plumbs, without imperfections, and square with adjoining work. It shall form proper
foundations for finishing materials such as paint etc. Masonry and concrete surface to
which plaster is to be applied shall be clean, free from efflorescence, sufficiently rough
and keyed to ensure proper bond.
8.1.2
Wherever directed all joints between RCC frames and masonry walls, shall be
expressed by a groove in the plaster. This groove will exactly coincide with the joint
beneath. At the corners of all windows and doors or other openings and wherever
instructed, 24 gauge expanded galvanized metal mesh strips 200 mm wide 450 mm
long shall be placed diagonally to prevent plaster cracks.
8.1.3
Where grooves are not called for, the joint between concrete and masonry in filling
shall be covered by 24 gauge expanded galvanized metal strips, 200 mm wide
installed before plastering. The contractor shall supply all necessary labour, material,
tools and scaffolding necessary for the completion of the work detailed. He shall be
responsible to take proper precautions to all works from damage. Any work rejected
through non-compliance with the specifications or damaged work shall be removed
and replaced at the expense of the contractor.
8.1.4
All chasing, installation of conduits, boxes, etc. shall be completed before any
plastering is commenced on a surface. Chasing or cutting of plaster will not be
permitted. Broken corners shall be cut back less than 150 mm on both sides and
patched with plaster of Paris as directed. All corners shall be rounded to a radius.
Contractor shall get samples of each type of plaster work approved by the
8.1.5
The materials used for plastering shall be proportioned by volume by means of gauge
boxes. Alternatively it may be required to proportion the materials by weight.
8.2
Plaster Work
8.2.1
The joints in the brick work, concrete blocks, shall be raked to a depth of 15 mm while
the masonry is green. Concrete surfaces to receive plaster shall be suitably
roughened. All walls shall be washed with water and kept damp for 10 hours before
plastering.
8.2.2
The plaster unless specified otherwise shall be average of 15 mm thick on walls and
minimum 6 mm thick for the ceiling. The finished texture shall be as approved by the
Architect/Project Manager. The mix for plaster unless otherwise specified, shall be one
part cement and four parts sand, to walls and one part cement, 3 parts sand to
ceiling.
8.2.3
The interior plaster shall be applied in one coat only. The surface shall be trowelled
smooth to an approved surface. All plaster work shall be kept continuously wet for
seven days.
8.2.4
The external plaster shall be of two coats on an overall thickness of minimum 20 mm.
Preparations of walls to receive plaster work shall be the same as in internal plaster.
Backing coat shall be 12 to 15 mm thick with cement mortar 1:5 and finishing coat
shall be with cement mortar 1:3. Backing coats shall be combed on wet surface to
form keys for finishing coat. All external plaster shall be waterproofed with approved
water proofing powder added to cement in proportion of 1.5 Kg. to 50 Kg. of cement
as per the manufacturers' instruction, for both the coats. Cost of waterproofing
powder per Kg. shall be paid for separately.
43
8.2.5
For sand faced cement plaster, the finishing coat shall be in cement mortar 1:3, sand
used shall be of selected colour, properly graded and washed so as to give a grained
texture. Finishing plaster coat shall be 8 mm thick, uniformly applied and surface
finished with special rubbing by sponge pads and other tools and recommended by
the Architect/Project Manager.
8.2.6
For rough cast plaster, the backing shall be floated with 3 mm thick cement mortar 1:4
with fine sand, spread in small areas not exceeding 2 Sq.mt. at a time. While this coat
is still wet, the rough cast containing a mixture of 1 part of cement, 2 parts of fine sand
and 1 part of gravel, 3 to 6 mm size, shall be dashed on the floating coat, to a uniform
thickness of 15 mm thick and finished even.
8.3
White Washing
8.3.1
White washing with Lime

The wash shall be prepared from fresh stone lime (Narnaul/Satna or Dehradun quality).
The lime shall be thoroughly slaked on the spot, mixed and stirred with sufficiencies to
water to make a thin cream. This shall be allowed to stand for a period of 24 hours
and then shall be screened through a clean coarse cloth. 40 gm of gum desolved in
hot water, shall be added to each 10 entire delimiters of cream. The approximate
quantity of water to be added in making ht cream will be 5 liters of water to 1 Kg. of
lime.
Indigo (Neel) up to 3 gm. per Kg. of lime desolved in water, shall then be added and
wash stirred well. Water then shall be added at the rate of about 5 liters per Kg. of
lime to produce a milky solution.
8.3.2
Preparation of surface
Before white washing is started, the surface shall be thoroughly brushed free from
mortar droppings and foreign-matter. Any unevenness shall be made good by
applying putty made of plaster of Paris mixed with water on the entire surface
including filling up the undulations and then sand papering the same after it dry.
8.3.3
Application
The white wash shall be applied with moon brushes to the specified number of coats.
The operation for each coal shall consist of a stroke of the brush given from top
downwards, another from bottom upwards over the first stroke, and similarly one
stroke horizontally from the right and another from the left before it dries up.
8.3.4
Rate
The rate shall include cost of all materials and labour involved in all the operations
described above including scaffolding, protecting doors, windows, floor etc. from
splashes and dropping.
8.4
White washing with whiting

Preparation of mix : Whiting (ground white chalk) shall be dissolved in sufficient
quantity of warm and thoroughly stirred to form a thin slurry which shall then be
screened through a clean coarse cloth. Two Kg. of gum and 0.4 Kg. of copper
sulphate dissolved separately in hot water shall be added for every cum of the slurry
which shall then be diluted with water to the consistency of milk also as to make a
wash ready for use.
Other specifications described in above shall be applied in this case also.
44
8.5
Colour Washing
The mineral colours not affected by lime, shall be added to white wash. Indigo shall
however, not be added. No colour wash shall be done until a sample of the colour
wash of the required tint or shade has been got approved from the Architect/Project
Manager. The colour shall be of even tint or shade over the whole area.
A priming coat of white wash with lime or with whiting shall be applied. Two or more
coats, shall then be applied on the entire surface till it represents a smooth and
uniform finish.
Other specifications described in above shall apply in this case also.
8.6
Distempering
Dry distemper of required colour and (IS; 427 - 1965) of approved brand and
manufacture shall be used. The shade shall be got approved from the Architect/
Project Manager before application of the distemper. The dry distemper colour as
required shall be stirred slowly in clean water using 6 deciliters (0.6 litre) of water per
Kg. of distemper or as specified by the makers. Warm water shall preferably be used.
It shall be allowed to stand for atleast 30 minutes (or if practicable over night) before
use. The mixture shall be well stirred before and during use to maintain an even
consistency. Distemper shall not be mixed in larger quantity than is actually required
for one days' work.
Before new work is distempered, the surface shall be thoroughly brushed free from
mortar droppings and other foreign matter and sand papered smooth. Pitting in
plaster shall be made good with plaster of Paris mixed with the colour to be used. The
surface shall then be rubbed down again with a fine grade sand paper and made
smooth. A coat of distemper shall be applied over the patches. The patched surface
shall be allowed to dry thoroughly before the regular coat of distemper is applied.
A priming coat of whiting shall be applied over the prepared surface. No white
washing coat shall be used as a priming coat for distemper.
Application
The treatment shall consist of a priming coat of whiting followed by the application of
two or more coats of distemper till the surface shows an even colour.
Other specifications described as above shall apply in this case also.
8.7
Oil emulsion (Oil bound) distempering

Material:
Oil emulsion (oil bound) distemper (IS:428-1929) of approved brand and
manufacture shall be used. The primer used shall be cement primer or distemper
primer. This shall be of same manufacture as distemper. The distemper shall be diluted
with water or any other prescribed thinner in a manner recommended by the
manufacturer. Only sufficient quantity of distemper required for days work shall be
prepared. The distemper and primer shall be brought by the contractor in sealed tins
in sufficient quantities, at a time to suffice for a fortnights work. The empty tins shall not
be removed from the site of work, till this item of work has been completed and
passed by the Architect/Project Manager.
Before new work is distempered, the surface shall be thoroughly brushed free from
mortar droppings and other foreign matter and sand papered smooth. Pitting in
45
plaster shall be made good with plaster of Paris mixed with the colour to be used. The
surface shall then be rubbed down again with a fine grade sand paper and made
smooth. A coat of distemper shall be applied over the patches. The patched surface
shall be allowed to dry thoroughly before the regular of distemper is applied.
A priming coat of whiting shall be applied over the prepared surface. No white
washing coat shall be used as a priming coat for distemper.
Application
The priming coat shall be with distemper or cement primer, as required in the
description of the item and as recommended by the manufacturer.
Note:
If the wall surface plaster has not dried completely cement primer shall be applied
before distempering the walls. But if distempering is done after the wall surface is dried
completely, distemper primer shall be applied.
Oil bound distemper is not recommended to be applied within six months of the
completion of wall plaster.
After the primer coat has dried for atleast 48 hours, the surface shall be lightly sand
papered to make it smooth for receiving the distemper, taking care not to rule out the
priming coat. All loose particles shall be dusted off after rubbing. One coat of
distemper properly diluted with thinner (Water or other liquid as stipulated by the
manufacture) shall be applied with brushes in horizontal strokes followed immediately
by vertical ones which together constitute one coat. The subsequent coats shall be
applied in the same way.
For distemper 15 cm double bristled brushes shall be used. After each days work,
brushes shall be thoroughly washed in hot water with soap solution and hung down to
dry.
The specifications in respect of scaffolding protective measures and rute shall be as
described under.
8.8
Cement Primer Coat

Cement primer shall be used as lease on wall finish of cement lime or lime cement
plaster or asbestos cement surface before oil distemper paints are applied on them.
Only approved cement primer shall be used. Primer coat shall be preferably applied
by brushing and not by spraying.
The surface shall be thoroughly cleaned of dust, old white or colour wash by washing
and scrubbing. The surface then be allow to dry for atleast 48 hours. It shall then be
sand papered to give a smooth and even surface. Any unevenness shall be made
good by applying putty, made of plaster of Paris mixed with water on the entire
surface including filling up the undulations and then sand papering the same after it is
dry.
Application
Cement primer shall be applied with a brush. Horizontal strokes shall be given first and
vertical strokes shall be applied immediately afterwards. The entire operation will
constitute one coat. The surface shall be finished as uniformly as possible leaving no
brush marks. It shall be allowed to dry for atleast 48 hours, before oil emulsion paint is
applied.
46
Rate shall include cost of all material and labour involved in all the operations
described above including scaffolding.
8.9
Cement Paint
Cement paint shall be (conforming to IS:5410 - 1969) of approved brand and
manufacture.
The surface shall be thoroughly cleaned of all mortar dropping, dirt, dust, alga, grease
and other foreign matter by brushing and washing. The surface shall be thoroughly
wetted with clean water before the cement paint is applied.
Preparation of mix
Cement paint shall be mixed in such quantities as can be used up within an hour of its
mixing as otherwise the mixture will set and thicken, affecting flow and finish.
Cement paint shall be mixed with water in two stages. The first stage shall comprise of
2 parts of cement paint and one part of water stirred thoroughly and allowed to stand
for 5 minutes. Care shall be taken to add the cement paint gradually to the water
and not vice versa. The second stage shall comprise of adding further one part of
water to the mix and stirring thoroughly to obtain a liquid of workable and uniform
consistency. In all cases the manufacturers instructions shall be followed meticulously.
The lid of cement paint drums shall be kept tightly closed when not in use, as by
exposure to atmosphere the cement paint rapidly becomes air set due to its
hydrophobic qualities.
Application
The solution shall be applied on the clean and wetted surface with brushes or spraying
machine. The solution shall be kept well stirred during the period of application. It
shall be applied on the surface which is on the shady side of the building so that the
direct heat of the sun on the surface is avoided. The method of application shall be
as per manufacturer's specifications. The completed surface shall be watered after
day's work.
Water cement paint shall not be applied on surface already treated with white wash,
colour wash distemper dry or oil bound, varnishes, paints etc. It shall not be applied
on gypsum, wood and metal surfaces.
Rate shall include cost of all material and labour involved in all the operations
described above including scaffolding.
8.10
Painting
i)
Painting priming coat of wood surface

Primer for wood work shall be as specified in the description of the item. Surface to be
primed shall be dry and thoroughly cleaned. All unevenness shall be rubbed down
smooth with sand paper and shall be well dusted, knots, if any, shall be covered with
preparation of red lead made by grinding red lead in water and mixing with strong
glue sized and used hot. Appropriate wood filler material with same shade as paint
shall be used where so specified.
The surface treated for knotting shall be dry before primer is applied. After the primer
is applied the holes and indentation on the surface shall be stopped with glaziers
putty or wood putty, stopping shall not be done before the priming coat.
47
ii)
Painting priming coat on Iron & Steel surfaces

All rust and scales shall be removed by scrapping or by brushing with steel wire
brushes. Hard skin of oxide formed on the surface of wrought iron during raking which
becomes loose by rushing, shall be removed. All dust and dirt shall be thoroughly
wiped away from the surface.
iii)
Textured paint
The textured finish (SPECTRUM) to external surfaces of walls as per manufacturer's
specification and approved by the Consultants including scaffolding etc. complete.
iv)
Painting priming coat on plastered surface

The surface shall ordinarily not be painted shall be applied to get correct finish until it
has dried completely. Before primer is applied, holes and undulations shall be filled up
with plaster of Paris and rubbed smooth.
The primer shall be applied with brushes, worked well into the surface and spread
even and smooth. Painting shall be done by crossing and laying off. The crossing and
laying off consists of covering the area over with paint, brushing the surface hard for
the first time over and then brushing alternately in opposite direction, two or three
times and then finally brushing lightly in a direction at right angles to the same. In this
process, no brush marks shall be left the laying off is finished. The full process of
crossing and laying off will constitute one coat.
Rate
Rate shall include cost of all labour and material involved the operations described
above including scaffolding etc.
Painting with enamel paint (conforming to IS:2933 - 1975) and with synthetic enamel
paint (conforming to IS:1932 - 1964).
The surface to be painted shall have received the approval of the Architect/Project
Manager after inspection, before painting is commended.
Application
The number of coats including the under coat shall be stipulated in the item.
a)
Under Coat
One coat of specified paint of shade suited to the shade of the top coat shall be
applied and allowed to dry overnight. It shall be rubbed next day with the finest
grade of wet abrasive paper to ensure a smooth and even surface, free from brush
marks and all loose particles dusted off.
b)
Top Coat
Tops coats of specified paint of desired shade shall be applied. Each coat shall be
allowed to dry for not less than 24 hours and lightly rubbed down smooth with finest
wet abrasion paper to get an even glossy surface. If, however, the surface is not
satisfactory additional coats as required.
48
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------TERRACE WATER PROOFING WITH LIME CONCRETE

A.
Specification for Lime concrete, ordinary

Use
Ordinary lime concrete may be used in foundations and as a base for pavings of
various sorts, where specified
Materials
Lime sand mortar or lime surkhi mortar shall comply with specifications nos. 2.5 and 2.4
respectively. The course aggregate shall consist of either brick ballast or broken stone
or shingle. The nominal size of the coarse aggregate shall be 1 inch (40mm ) 1 (32
mm) or 3/2 inch (20mm) as specified. Normally, 1 inch (40mm) size aggregate shall
be used for mass concrete work. Brick ballast shall comply with specification no 3.7
stone aggregate shall comply with specification no 3.29.
Proportion
Lime mortar of specified proportion shall be used and 40 cft of mortar shall be used
per 100 cft of coarse aggregate (in metric, units 40 cu metres of mortar shall be used
per 100 cu metres of coarse aggregate). The proportion of lime to sand or lime to
surkhi shall be either 13:26 or 16:24.
Batching
The proportioning of mortar and coarse aggregate shall be by volume. The
measurement of coarse aggregate shall be done by bottomless boxes of correct size.
Lime mortar shall be mixed separately in batches having suitable quantity required for
mixing with one batch of coarse aggregate.
Soaking
If the aggregate is brick ballast, it shall be soaked by heavily sprinkling with water for 3
hours before the layer of surkhi and lime is added.
Platform stacking and mixing
Mixing shall be done on clean water tight masonry platforms of sufficient size to
provide ample mixing area. The coarse aggregate shall be placed to an even
thickness on the platform covering not more than half its length. Lime mortar in the
specified proportion shall then be evenly spread over the coarse aggregate and the
whole thoroughly incorporated using just sufficient water applied with a sprinkler to
enable the mortar to adhere to each piece of the aggregate by turning it over
backwards and forwards , several times (not less than four times) and gradually
transferring it to the vacant half of the platform until all particles of aggregate are
covered with mortar. No more concrete shall be mixed than can be laid in position
the same day of mixing, and any excess shall be removed at once from the site.
Laying and ramming
The lime concrete will at once be laid (not thrown from a height ) where required, in
layers not exceeding 6 inches (15cms) in thickness, and thoroughtly consolidated with
12 lbs (5.5kg) rammers. Square rammers shall be used for consolidating the edges.
49
Consolidation Is not complete until a skin of pure mortar covers the surface and
completely hides the aggregate and until s stick dropped endways from a height
rebounds with a ringing sound.
To be continuous and adequate
The mixing, placing and ramming shall go on continuously when once started relief
parties being provided to avoid stoppage, no concrete shall be placed later than two
hours before work is stopped for the day.
Joints
The lower layer shall in each case be swept or washed clean before the next is laid.
Where joints in layers are unavoidable, the end of each layer shall be sloped at an
angle of 300. Where vertical joints occur in an upper and a lower layer, they must be
at least 2 feet (60cms) apart horizontally.
Curing
When complete the concrete shall be kept wet for a period of not less than 10 days.
No brickwork or masonary shall be laid on the concrete for at least 7 days after laying.
Protection
In all concrete work suitable blanks and gangways shall be provided to prevent traffic
over the surface of the work.
Measurement
Lime concrete shall be measured in the same manner as cement concrete vide
para 33 of specification no 10.4.
Rate
Lime concrete shall be paid in the same manner as plain cement concrete vide
para 34 of specification no 10.4 for cement concrete for ordinary structures.
B-
Specification for Lime concrete, Fine

General :
1. Fine lime concrete shall be used for roof terracing. This type of terracing is frequently
used in Bombay, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh and has proved useful for leak proofing
of roofs.
The specification no. 10.2 for Lime Concrete, ordinary shall generally be followed
excepting for the deviations mentioned below.
Proportions:
2. Fine lime concrete shall consist of 47 cft. Of wet lime mortar mixed with every 100
cft. Of inch size coarse aggregate. (In metric units 47 cu metres of lime mortar shall
be mixed every 100 cu metres of 20 mm. size coarse aggregate).
Consolidation:
3. Fine lime concrete shall be laid to the required levels and thoroughly consolidated
by beating with wooden thapies and continually tested during the process with
50
straight edge. The beating shall be carried out with two rows of mazdoors placed
across the entire width of roof, sitting as close as they can, slowly transversing its
length, beating all the time with thapies and continued for not less than 3 days until
the mortar is almost set and the thapics rebound. While beating is being done, the
surface shall be continually sprinkled with a mixture consisting of 3
seers (3.2
kilograms) gur and 2 seers (1.8 kilogram) bael fruit to 25 gallons (115 litters of water, as
soon as the beating has been completed, clean water shall be sprinkled on the
surface to soften it and the mortar which will have come to the surface shall be well
rubbed and finished smooth with a steel trowel.
Curing :
4. As soon as the surface is thoroughly smooth and exhibits a fine polish, it shall be
covered with 2 inches (5 cm) of fine sand bounds which shall be kept thoroughly
saturated with water for a fortnight. Alternatively, the surface shall be divided into
squires by earthen bunds which shall be kept flooded with water.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
51
9.0
WATER PROOFING
9.1
General
It is the intent of this specification to secure a completely water tight basement
guaranteed for at least 10 (Ten) years. The contractor shall provide all materials,
labour, plant, equipment, incidentals and everything necessary for securing a fully
water proof job as called for above.
All water proofing work shall be carried out by specialists approved by the Project
Manager. Installation and materials shall be as per best practices for obtaining water
proof work and as recommended by the manufacturer.
Water proofing work shall be commenced only after the surface is prepared, cleaned
free of dirt, dust and foreign matters, inspected and approved. Compressed air shall
be used for effective cleaning of all surfaces. The vents and other projections through
the roof shall be made absolutely secure before flashing.
9.2
Box method waterproofing to basement

External Tanking i.e. the waterproofing specification is to be laid underneath the raft
on the lean concrete and on the exterior surface of the walls. This is carried out in two
operations. In operation number one the waterproofing specification is laid on the
base and for this a brick wall of 9 thickness is constructed at the perimeter with inside
face plastered with cement/sand mortar 1:5 (1 part cement: 5 parts coarse sand) of
half inch thickness, the height of the brick wall be the same as that of RCC slab. The
waterproofing specification is taken up on the brick wall. In operation number two,
after the RCC slab has been laid and walls casted, with an overlap from the
waterproofing specification laid on the brick wall, the specification is taken up on the
exterior surface of the RCC walls upto a height of 150mm above the finished ground
level.
However in case there are individual footings, columns coming inside the basement,
the waterproofing specification has to go underneath the columns and brought up
and joined with the waterproofing specification laid on the lean concrete laid on the
base of basement.
SPECIFICATION:
FOR BASE:
1.
A layer of cement slurry mixed with chemical CH-9.
2.
A layer of cement sand mortar 1:3 of about 25mm thickness (1 part cement &
3 parts of sand) mixed with chemical CH-9.
3.
A layer of red sand stone of about 25mm to 35mm thickness and the joints of
stone sealed with 1:1 cement sand mortar (1 part cement & 1 part sand)
mixed with an admixture of chemical CH-9.
4.
A layer of cement/sand mortar 1:4 of 20-25mm thickness (1 part cement: 4

parts sand) mixed with chemical CH-9 and stone grit of 15mm size just sprinkled
over it.
& FOR WALLS:
52
9.3
1.
A layer of Red sand stone of about 25mm to 35mm thickness laid with a gap of
about 12mm between the stone and wall and joint of stone sealed with neat
cement mixed with chemical CH-9.
2.
A layer of cement sand mortar 1:4 (1 part cement & 4 parts coarse sand)
mixed with chemical CH-9 splashed on the exterior surfaces of stone
thickness about 12mm.
3.
A layer of cement slurry mixed with chemical CH-9 filled in the gap between
the stone and wall.
Waterproofing Underground Water Tank

Since the underground water tank is to be constructed in the water logged area,
external tanking as mentioned in the basement shall be done.
Since water tank has different compartments then it will be necessary to waterproof
the base and all walls including partition walls upto the full height so that water does
not seep in through from one compartment to the other for which the use of
TAPECRETE is done. TAPECRETE is a polymer modified cementitous material being
manufactured in India in collaboration with M/s FRC Composities Ltd., Canada, Low
permeability combined with a high resistance to cracking makes TAPECRETE an ideal
lining material for waterproofing.
4 coats of TAPECRETE each coat mixed with white cement in proportion 1:2 (1 part
tapecrete and 2 parts of white cement) over a primer coat of neat cement admixed
with chemical CH-9. All joints, corners, junction of pipe and concrete to be sealed
with epoxy putty.
After the specification has been laid it is to be protected on the base with cement
screed and on walls with cement sand plaster.
Waterproofing treatment is to be laid on reasonably smooth surfaces.
SPECIFICATION:
FOR BASE:
1.
A layer of cement slurry mixed with chemical CH-9.
2.
A layer of cement sand mortar 1:3 of about 25mm thickness (1 part cement &
3 parts of sand) mixed with chemical CH-9.
3.
A layer of red sand stone of about 25mm to 35mm thickness and the joints of
stone sealed with 1:1 cement sand mortar (1 part cement & 1 part sand)
mixed with an admixture of chemical CH-9.
4.
A layer of cement/sand mortar 1:4 of 20-25mm thickness (1 part cement: 4

parts sand) mixed with chemical CH-9 and stone grit of 15mm size just sprinkled
over it.
& FOR WALLS:

1.
A layer of Red sand stone of about 25mm to 35mm thickness laid with a gap of
about 12mm between the stone and wall and joint of stone sealed with neat
cement mixed with chemical CH-9.
53
2.
A layer of cement sand mortar 1:4 (1 part cement & 4 parts coarse sand)
mixed with chemical CH-9 splashed on the exterior surfaces of stone
thickness about 12mm.
3.
9.4
A layer of cement slurry mixed with chemical CH-9 filled in the gap between
the stone and wall.
Waterproofing Roof of Underground Water Tank
Using APP polymer modified bituminous polymeric polyethylene membrane felt which
will take structural thermal movements i.e. expansion, contractions, vibrations etc. The
polymeric polyethylene membrane felt consists of a central core of HMHDPE film (High
molecular high density polyethylene) and with top and bottom layers of thermo
fusible HMHDPE films. Waterproofing should be protected against Ultra violet rays.
For waterproofing 3 layers of APP polymeric polyethylene membrane felt each layer
laid on the base in hot asphalt over a coat of bituminous primer with 75mm & 100mm
side and end laps respectively. The waterproofing specification is further protected
with a protective layer of Hessian based felt type 3 grade 1 laid 1 laid in hot asphalt
with 75mm & 100mm side & end laps respectively. And on verticals also 3 layers of
fibre glass tissue each layer laid in hot asphalt over a coat of bituminous primer with
75mm & 100mm side & end laps and finally covered and protected with a layer of
Hessian based felt type 3 grade 1 laid in hot asphalt with 75mm & 100mm side & end
laps respectively.
The specification should be laid on a graded as well as rendered smooth surfaces.
The specifications is taken up on verticals atleast 300mm above the ground level
where a chase of 50mm width and 50mm depth is cut for the specification to be
tucked in.
Immediately after the waterproofing specification has been laid it should be
protected with screed/tiles etc.
SPECIFICATION:
Horizontal Laying built up waterproofing specification consisting of:1.
A layer of bituminous primer.
2.
A layer of hot refined mineral asphalt.
3.
A layer of APP polymeric polyethylene felt with 75mm and 100mm side and
end laps.
4.
5.
end laps.
6.
7.
end laps.
8.
9.
A layer of Hessian based felt type 3 grades 1 with 75mm & 100mm side and
end laps.
54
10.
AND:
ON VERTICALS layign3 layers of fibre glass tissue each layer laid in hot asphalt over a
coat of bituminous primer with 75mm and 100mm side & end laps respectively and
finally covered & protected with a layer of Hessian based felt type 3 grade 1 laid in
hot asphalt with 75mm and 100mm side and end laps respectively.
9.5
Insulation & Waterproofing Roofs with Inverted Roofing

A.
WATERPROOFING: For waterproofing of roofs APP polymer modified bituminous

POLYMERIC POLYETHYLENE MEMBRANE felt which will take structural thermal
movements i.e. expansion, contractions, vibrations etc.
The polymeric
polyethylene membrane consists of a central core of HMHDPE film (High
molecular high density polyethylene) and with top and bottom layers of
thermo fusible HMHDPE films. The specification is covered and protected
against ultra violet rays of the sun, it is resistant to Ageing.
B.
INSULATION: Lightweight rigid Expanded Polystyrene THERMOCOLE of 24 Kgs

cubic meter density of 50mm thickness to be used.
For ABSoLUTE WATERPROOFING laying 2 layers of APP polymeric polyethylene
membrane felt each layer laid on the base in hot asphalt over a coat of
bituminous primer with 75mm & 100mm side and end laps with staggered
joints. (B) for EFFECTIVE INSULATION Expanded Polystyrene THERMOCOLE of 24
Kgs. Cum density of 50mm thickness is laid directly on top of the waterproofing
specification laid in hot asphalt. Expanded Polystyrene is then covered with
Bitumenised Kraft Paper with 6 over-laps sealed with bitumen and spot stuck.
A layer of polymeric polyethylene membrane felt is laid over kraft paper with
hot asphalt with 75mm and 100mm side and end laps respectively. The
waterproofing specification is further protected with a protective layer of
Hessioan based felt type 3 grade 1 with 75mm and 100mm side and end laps
respectively.
AND ON VERTICALS: 2 layers of fibre glass tissue and finally protected with 2
layers of Hessian based felt type 3 grade 1 each layer laid in hot asphalt over
a coat of bituminous primer with 75mm and 100mm side and end laps
respectively.
The Insulation & waterproofing specification should be laid directly on the
RCC slab after it has been plastered smooth. A cement concrete fillet is made
at the junction of the roof slab and parapet/walls. A chase of 50mm depth
and 50mm width is cut in parapets at a height of 200mm above the proposed
finished roof level for the specification to be tucked in.
Immediately after the insulation & waterproofing specification has been laid
on the base it should be covered with cement concrete laid to slope.
Measurement only plain area will be measured and paid for.
Horizontal:
1.
A layer of bituminous primer.
2.
3.
end laps.
55
4.
5.
end laps.
6.
7.
A layer of Expanded Polystyrene THERMOCOLE of 24 Kgs. Cubic meter

density of 50mm thickness.
8.
Bitumenised kraft paper with 6 overlaps sealed with bitumen and spot stuck.
9.
10.
end laps.
11.
A protective layer of Hessian based felt type 3 grade 1 laid with hot asphalt
with 75mm and 100mm side and end laps and further sealed with hot bitumen.
Vertical:
Laying 2 layers of fibre glass tissue and protected with 2 layers of Hessian based
felt type 3 grade1 each layer laid in hot asphalt over a coat of bituminous
primer with 75mm and 100mm side and end laps respectively.
9.6
XYPEX Waterproofing Specifications

BASEMENT SLAB/RAFT
Remove all the loose material and saturate it with clean water. Then allow clean
water to Soak into concrete and then remove all the excess water.
After cleaning the surface XYPEX crystallization treatment to the cleansed concrete
of raft by applying with stiff, bristle, nylon brush, a slurry coat of XYPEX concentrate
@1.0 Kg./Sqm, after the XYPEX concentrate has set, but while it is still green apply a
coat of XYPEX modified @0.65 Kg./Sqm. Over the raft slab, footings, beam sides and
side walls, saturating with a clean water and applied with slurry application, complete
including material tools and tackles for applications.
CURING
Spray periodically with clean water for 4 days four times a day using a misty fog
sprayer equipment (Do not stagnate water over the treated area for atleast 4 days
after the final application.
RETAINING WALL
Preparing Surface: Same as incase of Basement raft.
Application: Providing XYPEX crystallization treatment to the cleaned concrete
surface of retaining wall by applying with stiff, bristle, nylon brush, a slurry coat of
XYPEX concentrate @ 1.0 Kg./Sqm. After the XYPEX concentrate has set, but while it is
still green apply a coat of XYPEX modified @0.65 Kg./Sqm over the wall.
56
Rate: Rate shall include cost of all material saturating with water, slurry application
charges, freight, packing, forwarding on supply of material to site, tools and tackles for
XYPEX application.
Curing: Same as incase of basement.
Topping: Topping over the XYPEX treatment (on walls, beams and footings) is
absolutely required for electrical fittings etc.
Measurements: Area treated shall be measured and paid for.
TRANSPARENT ACRYLIC WATER REPELLANT COAT
Surface Preparation: Surface to receive H-repeller must be structurally sound, clean
and free from dust, dirt, chalk, oil, grease, efflorescence, window, loose paint and all
other contaminants, which might interfere with adhesion. Surface must be prepared
by water blasting, wire bushing, sand blasting or acid etching, cracks, spalled and
damaged surface must be repaired prior to application of H-repeller.
Application: Apply H-repeller in a uniform, continuous film by brush, roller or spray.
Most applications require a primer coat prior to applying the main coat. The primer
coat should be dry to touch (typically one hour) before applying the subsequent main
coat. The best method on all surfaces is by spray. The H-Repeller will achieve its
maximum water repellence within 7-10 days. Work shall be carried out strictly by
specialist applicators. Flat area shall be measured and paid for.
9.7
Injection method waterproofing treatment to the basement

a)
Horizontal Surface : After the excavation and PCC levelling course, water
proofing course shall be laid consisting of cement mortar 1:3 (1 cement:3 sand)
and mixed with Acrylic water proofing chemicals and embedding aggregate
by hand pack at random in two layers each of 25mm thick thus the total water
proofing course shall be about 50mm thick. After the necessary curing, and
fixing raft reinforce cement in partition provide 20 mm pipe inserts at 1.2 m c/c
on both ways by tying it with reinforcement in such a manners to ensure that
the bottom end of the pipe remain free from getting chocked and the length
of the pipes shall be that of total thickness of the raft plus 25 mm above to
protrude from the surface of the raft.
After concreting the raft, grouting Acrylic based waterproofing chemical
mixed with neat cement slurry through the pipe inserts shall be carried and for
the required period. The projected pipe ends shall be cut after grouting the
mouths. The same procedure shall be adopted for all joints around the column
wall joints.
b)
Vertical Surfaces :
The vertical surfaces shall be treated by making holes on
the surface at 1.20 m centre to centre on both ways and also at all joints,
corners and fixing nozzles of 20 mm dia pipe and inject Acrylic based
chemicals mixed with neat cement slurry as explained above. After grouting
the pipe, nozzles shall be removed and the packets shall be made good. The
external surface of the walls shall be neatly plastered with cement mortar (1:3)
admixed with Acrylic Chemicals in two layer of 12 to 15 mm thick each so that
the average thickness shall be 25 mm.
The minimum proportion of the approved Acrylic based chemicals to be used
in respect of ordinary portland cement shall be 1 kg of chemical with 100 kg of
cement. The total operation has to be got done through approved agency
with Ten years guarantee on stamped paper.
9.8
Roof and Sunken Area Waterproofing (BRICK BAT COBA)
57
Brick bat coba treatment shall be got done from an approved agency. The surface
should be prepared and construction joint if any are to be raked and cleaned.
Cement slurry mixed with approved chemical compound is to be spread on the
surface so as to fill the undulation and other porous areas.
15 mm thick cement mortar mixed with approved chemical in Cm 1:4 (1 cement : 4
coarse sand) is laid over the prepared surface.
A layer of brick bat coba is laid over the mortar to required slope. The joints between
the brick bats should be kept 15-25 mm wide. These joints be filled with CM 1:4 mixed
with specialized chemical compound. Curing is done continuously for two days.
The top surface should be finished smooth with 20 mm thick CM (mixed with specified
quantity of approved chemical). Curing of the treatment should be done for two
weeks.
The side wall shall be provided with 20 mm thick cement plaster 1:4 mixed with
specialized chemical compound upto a height of 30 Cm. A 20 mm thick gola with
brick bats shall be provided and finished with CM 1:4 mixed with approved chemicals
compound. The gola shall be cured continuously for two weeks. The work shall be got
done from a specialized agency duly approved by the Consultants.
9.9
Tapecrete Waterproofing
All the chasings or cuttings in the floors and walls shall be carried out prior to the
commencement of the treatment. The prepared surface than shall be plastered with
20mm thick average with cement mortar 1:4 mix, mixed with `Cetrool' or acrylic based
chemicals, or `CICO' admixture, all as per manufacturers' specifications.
The
plastering shall be carried out throughout the sunk portion and carried up to all sides
of the walls up to ceiling level. The specialist then shall carry out `TAPECRETE'
waterproofing treatment comprising of 3 coats of tapecrete with Ist coat of tapecrete
mixed with white cement in proportion of 1:2 (1 part tapecrete : 2 white cement), 2nd
coat of tapecrete mixed with white cement and silica sand in proportion of 1:2:1.5 (1
Tapecrete : 2 white cement : 1.5 white cement) , 3rd coat of tapecrete mixed with
white cement in proportion of 1:2. After the first coat of Tapecrete all corners,
junctions, joints of pipes and masonry to be sealed with Epoxy putty. The treatment is
laid underneath and behind all pipes. The specification on verticals is taken 150mm
above the finished floor level and to full height where tubs/wash basin and WC are
being fixed. The depressed area then shall be filled with cement concrete mixed with
"Cetrool" or "CICO or chemicals, surface finished even and to slope as required to
receive tiles etc. Treatment for sunken portion shall be measured and paid for on Sqm
basis for the Tapecrete work carried out. Plastering to walls, and concrete item will be
measured and paid for separately.
9.10
Payment
All measurements will be for roof area only as measured on plain and no additional
area for vertical tucking/embedding upto 300 mm height from top of finish will be
included for payment. The contractors' rate will be inclusive of all these, to make the
work complete.
9.11
Guarantee
The waterproofing work shall be guarantee for 10 years on the non judicial stamp paer
of Rs.50/-.
9.12
TRIMDEK PROFILE ROOFING
9.12.1 General
58
Supply of colour coated LYSAGHT TRIMDEK profile sheet of nom 1015 mm

effective cover width and nominal 28 mm deep ribs with subtle square fluting
in the pan at nominal 203mm centre-to-centre. The end rib shall be designed
for anti-capillary action, to avoid any seepage of water through the lateral
overlap. The feed material is manufactured out of nominal 0.45 mm Base
Metal Thickness (BMT), Hi-Strength steel with min. 550 MPa yield strength,
metallic hot dip coated with Aluminium-zinc alloy (55% Aluminium, 45% Zinc) as
per AS 1397- Zincalume AZ150 (Min. 150 gms/sq.mt total on both sides) with
Colorbond steel quality paint coat as per AS/NZS 2728 type 3 4 of BlueScope
Steel make. The profile sheet, fastener size etc. needs to be approved by the
concern authority. All the accessories like gutter/ flashing / capping shall be
made from the same material (either soft steel or Hi strength steel) which is
used for main cladding application. The measurement shall be based on
finished/covered surface area.
The contractor shall prepare the shop drawings based on the drawings
supplied by the Engineer-in-charge or the concern authority. These shall be
submitted in five sets sufficiently in advance to the concern authority for
approval.
9.12.2 Steel Sheet Material

Base Steel: The steel base material of sheet shall manufactured from 0.45 mm
(nominal) base metal thickness with minimum 550 MPa Yield Strength. The steel
manufacturers test certificate for the chemical and mechanical properties of steel
must be concerned authority prior to installation.
Metallic Coating: The sheets shall have a hot dip metallic Aluminium-Zinc alloy coating
of Aluminium (55%) & Zinc (45 %) with total mass coating of 150 gms/sq.mt on both
sides as Zincalume AZ150 or equivalent coating as per AS 1397.
Colour Coating: The coated sheets shall be factory painted and oven-baked
conforming to AS/NZS 2728 type 3- 4, the total coating thickness of 35 m (nominal) of
Colorbond steel quality paint system of BlueScope Steel or equivalent approved
make, comprising of nominal 20 m exterior coat on top surface and nominal 5 m
reverse coat on back surface over nominal 5 m primer coat on both surfaces of
approved colour shade. The sheet shall have brand marking of the manufacturer
giving product details on the back of the sheet at every 1 mtr c/c for confirming
genuinity of the material.
9.12.3 Profile
LYSAGHT TRIMDEK profile sheet shall have 1015 mm effective cover width, nominal 28
mm deep ribs with subtle square fluting in the five pans at nominal 203 mm centre to
centre. The end rib shall be designed for anti-capillary action, to avoid any seepage
of water through the lateral overlap.
9.12.4 Trims & Gutters
Wall flashing and trims (gable, corner, framed opening, accessories, etc.) are
manufactured from same color, finish and thickness as wall panels (or manufacturers
recommendation).
Roof flashing and trims (parapet flashing, transition trims, expansion joint trims and
ridge caps) are manufactured from same color, finish and thickness as roof panels (or
manufacturers recommendation).
Eave gutters and downspouts are manufactured from same color, finish and thickness
as wall panels (or manufacturers recommendation).
59
Lysaght Louvremax water-resistant louvers shall be manufactured from ZINCALUME

steel or COLORBOND steel of same thickness of roof and wall panel.
(Note: The shape and girths shall be as per design requirement and shall be approved
by the concern authority.)
9.12.5 Accessories:
Fasteners: The steel sheet shall be fastened with min. 40 m zinc coated or min. 20 m
Zinc-Tin alloy coated, Hex head, self-drilling screw as per AS 3566 Class 3 fasteners of
approved make (Buildex or equivalent) with EPDM washer on each crest of sheets for
connecting with purlin (or as per design) perpendicular to the sheeting and in the
centre of the corrugation or rib. The fastener size shall be calculated as per the design
requirement.
In-fill strips: The infill strips are manufactured from closed cell polyethylene foam. This
material should have uniform compressibility, waterproof, weather resistance, UV
resistance, chemical resistance, non toxic, odorless and environment friendly to meet
installation requirement in accordance with AS 2424-4 3 A & B or equivalent and
approved by engineer-in-charge.
Sealant: It should be acetic acid -free and amine- free neutral curing silicone rubber
sealant of approved make. It shall be applied at all end laps as per manufacturer's
recommendation and approval by engineer-in-charge.
Note: The contractor shall prepare the shop drawings based on the drawings supplied
by the engineer-in-charge or the concern authority. These shall be submitted in five
sets sufficiently in advance to the concern authority for approval.
9.12.6 Installation -- Erection And Fixing
The installation shall be done in accordance to the standard practices as specified by
the manufacturer and as approved by the concern authority. All sheets and
accessories must be stored and finally erected without any damage.
Fastening sheet to support: The sheet installation has to be done by using AS3566 class
3 fasteners with EPDM washer. In case of roof, it shall be placed at each crest of
sheets connecting with Purlin (or as per design) perpendicular to the sheeting and in
the centre of the corrugation or rib. For walling, you may use either crest- or valleyfixing the fastener size shall be calculated as per the design requirement. Do not
place fasteners less than 25 mm from ends of sheets
End Lap: All the sheet end lap (roof) shall have an over lap of 150 mm to 250 mm for a
slope more than 15 degree (1 in 4) and 200 mm to 300 mm for slope less than 15
degree. The silicon sealant shall be applied at both the ends of the sheet at the
overlap with stitch fasteners as per manufactures recommendations and conforming
to AS 3566-2002 Class 3.
Side lap: The edge of LYSAGHT TRIMDEK with the anti-capillary groove is always the
underlap. It is generally considered good practice to use fasteners along side-laps
however, when cladding is supported as indicated in maximum support spacing, sidelap fasteners are not usually needed for strength
Ends of Sheets: It is usual to allow roof sheets to overlap into gutters by about 50mm. If
the roof pitch is less than 25 or extreme weather is expected, the valleys of sheets
should be turned down at lower ends, and turned up at upper ends by about 80
Lay sheets toward prevailing weather: It is much easier and safer to turn sheets on the
ground than up on the roof. Before lifting sheets onto the roof, check that they are the
60
correct way up and the overlapping side is towards the edge of the roof from which
installation will start.
Place bundles of sheets over or near firm supports, not at mid span of roof members.
To align the first sheet uses a level on the gutter-end.
Sheet ends on low slopes : When LYSAGHT TRIMDEK is laid on slopes of 5 or less, cut
back the corner of the under-sheet, at the downhill end of the sheet, to block
capillary action.
The contractor will be required to submit design calculation in support of the
proposed profile of the sheet and standard loading etc. to the satisfaction of the
design consultant and the concern authority. The contractor shall also submit
methodology for fixing and also a maintenance manual for routine maintenance.
The contractor shall ensure that panel erector is familiarized with the erection
procedure and all the supporting members are straight, level and true (according to
AISC) before starting panel erection. Panels shall be erected according to approved
shop drawings by the concern authorities.
9.12.7 Measurement
The payment will be done on the actual finish surface area of the sheet separately for
item 1 and item 2.
No separate payment will be made for the laps of sheet and accessories, bolts, nuts,
washers, adjustable bolts and supports for gutters and other fixtures. These are
assumed to be included in the quoted rates.
Notes: Optional Items specifications: If required the optional item specification can be
added to section 1 & section 2 of product specification language. For details, it is
advised to contact nearest Tata BlueScope Steel office before selecting optional
items.
9.13
Specification language for Insulation

A expanded GI metal mesh of approved gauge as per manufacturers
recommendation along with Aluminium foil and fiber glass blanket (minimum
12 kg/m3) insulation of 50 mm thickness (or as per design requirement)
approved by engineer-in-charge shall be placed over the GI mesh bed with
the help of cleat, creating a bed for the external cladding placement.
Specification language for Skylight Translucent sheeting

The panel shall be nominal 1.5 mm thick, composed of a translucent,
thermosetting polyester resin with a thoroughly impregnated glass fiber
reinforcing mat (FRP) with or without an integrally bonded translucent film on
the weathering face comply with AS/NZS 4256. The profile should match with
cladding profile. The fixing shall be done with specially designed Lapseal and
weather-tight washer for fixing the translucent sheeting. The profile and
properties shall be approved by Engineer-in-charge before installation.
KLIP-ON SHEET ROOFING
9.13.1 General
Supply of colour coated (at factory or on-site roll-formed profile sheet) KLIP-LOK 700
concealed system profile sheeting with 700 mm effective cover width, nominal 43 mm
crest depth at pitch of nominal 233 mm centre to centre distance along with stiffeners
perpendicular to ribs for strength. The feed material is manufactured out of nominal
0.45 mm Base Metal Thickness (BMT), Hi-strength steel with min. 550 MPa yield strength,
61
metallic hot dip coated with Aluminium-Zinc alloy (55% Aluminium, 45% Zinc) as per AS
1397 - Zincalume AZ150 (Min. 150 gms/sq.mt total on both sides) with Colorbond steel
quality paint coat as per AS/NZS 2728 type 3-4 of BlueScope Steel make. The steel
manufacturer's test certificate for the chemical and mechanical properties of steel
must be submitted for approval by the concerned authority prior to installation. The
sheet shall have brand marking of the manufacturer giving product details on the
back of the sheet at every 1 meter c/c for confirming genuinity of the material. The
profile sheet shall be fixed with KL-77, fastened with min. 40 m Zinc coated / min. 25
m Zinc-Tin alloy coated, Hex head, self-drilling screw as per AS 3566-2002 Class 3
fasteners of approved make (Buildex or equivalent). The fastener size shall be
calculated as per the design. All the accessories like gutter/ flashing / capping shall
be made from the same material (either soft steel or high strength) which is used for
main cladding application. The measurement shall be based on finished/covered
surface area.
The contractor shall prepare the shop drawings based on the drawings supplied by
the Engineer-in-charge or the concern authority. These shall be submitted in five sets
sufficiently in advance to the concern authority for approval.
9.13.2 Steel Sheet Material
Base Steel: The steel base material of sheet shall manufactured from 0.45 mm
(nominal) base metal thickness with minimum 550 MPa Yield Strength. The steel
manufacturers test certificate for the chemical and mechanical properties of steel
must be concerned authority prior to installation.
Metallic Coating: The sheets shall have a hot dip metallic Aluminium-Zinc alloy coating
of Aluminium (55%) & Zinc (45 %) with total mass coating of 150 gms/sq.mt on both
sides as Zincalume AZ150 or equivalent coating as per AS 1397.
Colour Coating: The coated sheets shall be factory painted and oven-baked
conforming to AS/NZS 2728 type 3- 4, the total coating thickness of 35 m (nominal) of
Colorbond steel quality paint system of BlueScope Steel make, comprising of nominal
20 m exterior coat on top surface and nominal 5 m reverse coat on back surface
over nominal 5 m primer coat on both surfaces of approved colour shade. The sheet
shall have brand marking of the manufacturer giving product details on the back of
the sheet at every 1 mtr c/c for confirming genuinity of the material.
9.13.3
Profile
The KLIP-LOK 700 profile shall having nom 700 mm effective cover width with nominal
43 mm crest depth at nominal pitch of 233 mm centre to centre distance along with
stiffeners perpendicular to ribs for strength. The profile shall be factory cut or rollformed at site in single length from ridge to eave without any end lap or as approved
by concern authority.
Fixing Clip: The profile sheet shall be rolled over specially designed concealed fixing
clip KL-70 type, manufactured from hi-tensile Aluminium-Zinc alloy or Zincalume steel
base and galvanized hooks as per manufacturers recommendation and approved by
concern authority.
9.13.4 Trims & Gutters
Wall flashing and trims (gable, corner, framed opening, accessories, etc.) are
manufactured from same color, finish and thickness as wall panels (or
manufacturers recommendation)
62
Roof flashing and trims (parapet flashing, transition trims, expansion joint trims and
ridge caps) are manufactured from same color, finish and thickness as roof panels.
(or manufacturers recommendation)
Eave gutters and downspouts are manufactured from same color, finish and
thickness as wall panels. (or manufacturers recommendation)
Lysaght Louvremax water-resistant louvers shall be manufactured from ZINCALUME

steel or COLORBOND steel of same thickness of roof and wall panel.
(Note: The shape and girths shall be as per design requirement and shall be approved
by the concern authority.)
9.13.5 Accessories:
Fasteners: The steel sheet shall be fastened with min. 40 m zinc coated or min. 20
m Zinc-Tin alloy coated, Hex head, self-drilling screw as per AS 3566 Class 3
fasteners of approved make (Buildex or equivalent) with EPDM washer on each
crest of sheets for connecting with purlin (or as per design) perpendicular to the
sheeting and in the centre of the corrugation or rib. The fastener size shall be
calculated as per the design requirement.
In-fill strips: The infill strips are manufactured from closed cell polyethylene foam.
This material should have uniform compressibility, waterproof, weather resistance,
UV resistance, chemical resistance, non toxic, odorless and environment friendly to
meet installation requirement in accordance with AS 2424-4 3 A & B or equivalent
and approved by engineer-in-charge.
Sealant: It should be acetic acid -free and amine- free neutral curing silicone
rubber sealant of approved make. It shall be applied at all end laps as per
manufacturer's recommendation and approval by engineer-in-charge.
Note: The contractor shall prepare the shop drawings based on the drawings supplied
by the engineer-in-charge or the concern authority. These shall be submitted in five
sets sufficiently in advance to the concern authority for approval.
9.13.6
Installation -- Erection And Fixing
The installation shall be done in accordance to the standard practices as

specified by the manufacturer and as approved by the concern authority. All
sheets and accessories must be stored and finally erected without any damage.
The profile sheet shall be rolled over specially designed concealed fixing clip KL70.The clip KL-70 shall be fastened with min. 40 m Zinc coated / min. 25 m ZincTin alloy coated, Hex head, self-drilling screw as per AS 3566-2002 Class 3 fasteners
of approved make. The fastener size shall be calculated as per the design.
All the accessories like gutter / flashing / capping shall be made from the same
material which is used for main roofing/wall cladding application. The
measurement shall be based on finished/covered surface area.
The contractor will be required to submit design calculation in support of the

proposed profile of the sheet and standard loading etc. to the satisfaction of the
design consultant and the concern authority. The contractor shall also submit
methodology for fixing and also a maintenance manual for routine maintenance.
63
9.13.7
The contractor shall ensure that panel erector is familiarized with the erection
procedure and all the supporting members are straight, level and true (according
to AISC) before starting panel erection. Panels shall be erected according to
approved shop drawings by the concern authorities.
Measurement
The payment will be done on the actual finish surface area of the sheet separately
for item 1 and item 2.
No separate payment will be made for the laps of sheet and accessories, bolts,
nuts, washers, adjustable bolts and supports for gutters and other fixtures. These
are assumed to be included in the quoted rates.
Notes: Optional Items specifications: If required the optional item specification can be
added to section 1 & section 2 of product specification language. For details, it is
advised to contact nearest Tata BlueScope Steel office before selecting optional
items.
Specification language for Insulation

A expanded GI metal mesh of approved gauge as per manufacturers
recommendation along with Aluminium foil and fiber glass blanket (minimum 12
kg/m3) insulation of 50 mm thickness (or as per design requirement) approved by
engineer-in-charge shall be placed over the GI mesh bed with the help of cleat,
creating a bed for the external cladding placement.
Specification language for Skylight Translucent sheeting

The panel shall be nominal 1.5 mm thick, composed of a translucent, thermosetting
polyester resin with a thoroughly impregnated glass fiber reinforcing mat (FRP) with or
without an integrally bonded translucent film on the weathering face comply with
AS/NZS 4256. The profile should match with cladding profile. The fixing shall be done
with specially designed Lapseal and weather-tight washer for fixing the translucent
sheeting. The profile and properties shall be approved by Engineer-in-charge before
install
64
10.0
ALUMINIUM WORK
10.1.1 GENERAL
a)
This specification applies to the Aluminium Doors, Glazings and Curtain

wall works to be executed by the contractor. It is to be read in conjunction
with and subject to the general and special conditions of contract and in
conjunction with the drawings, the schedule of rates and such other
documents as may from time to time be agreed upon as comprising part of
this contract.
This section covers the aspects of technical performance, product
specifications, and execution and time warrantee for the works shown or
specified.
b)
The exterior wall system requirements shown by the details are intended to
establish dimensions of units or modules and maintain the visual design
concept as shown. The exterior wall system manufacturer shall be required to
design the entire exterior building wall system, and to make whatever
modifications of and addition to, the details as may be required to fulfill the
performance requirements. The system consists of all anchors, window and
spandrel framing members, glazing, sealants and other components required
for a complete system as indicated on drawings including framing as required
to support the system independently from the structural frame of the building.
This also incorporate for openable windows.
10.1.2 APPLICABLE CODES AND STANDARDS

The specified reference standards are Codes which are intended to establish the
quality of material and workmanshiprequired for the works. more reference
standards published in India and other countries may, in the sole judgment of the
Owner's consultant, also be acceptable provided that the contractor furnishes
sufficient datafor the Owner's consultant to determine if the quality of materials
and workmanship at least equals or exceeds the specified reference Codes.
Such other reference standards published by the following will be considered:
DIN
AFNOR
BSI
ASTM
ANSI
Deutsche Industrie Norman (German Standards)

Association Francaise de Normalisation (French Standard Institute)
British Standard Institute
American Society for Testing and Materials
American National Standards Institute
The following is the list of codes included for guidance and compliance with
applicable portions only and the omission of any from the list does not relieve the
contractor from compliance therewith.
IS:504-1963
IS:733-1975
IS:1081-1960
IS:1285-1975
IS:1382-1981
IS:1868-1982
Method of Chemical Analysis of Aluminium and its Alloys

Wrought Aluminium And Aluminium alloy Bars, Rods and Sections (for
General Engineering Purposes)
Code of Practice for Fixing and Glazing of Metal (Steel And
Aluminium) doors, windows and ventilators
Specifications for Wrought Aluminium and Aluminium Alloy, Extruded
Round Tube and Hollow Sections (forGeneral Engineering Purposes)
Glossary of Terms Relating to Glass and Glassware
Specification for Anodic Coatings on Aluminium and its Alloys.
65
IS:1948-1961
IS:1949-1961
IS:2553-1990
(Part-1)
IS:2657-1964
IS:2673-1979
IS:2835-1987
IS:3203-1982
IS:3821-1973
IS:3965-1981
IS:5052-1969
IS:5523-1969
IS:5528-1969
IS:6009-1970
IS:6012-1992
IS:6051-1970
IS:6477-1983
ASTM E 283
ASTM E 330
ASTM E 331
Specification for Aluminium Doors Windows and Ventilators (Incorp.

Amend 1)
Specification for Aluminium Windows for Industrial Buildings.
Safety Glass- Specification Part-1 General Purpose (third revision)
Method for Tensile Testing of Aluminium and Aluminium Alloys Tube
Dimensions for Wrought Aluminium And Aluminium Alloys, Extruded
Round Tube
Specification for Flat Transparent sheet Glass
Method for testing Local Thickness of Electroplated Coatings.
Method for Determination of Mass of Aluminium Coating on Hot Dip
Aluminized Iron or Steel Articles
Dimensions for Wrought Aluminium and Aluminium Alloys, Bar, Rod
and Section.
Temper Designation of Aluminium and Its Alloys
Methods of Testing Anodic Coatings on Aluminium
Method of Testing Corrosion Resistance of Electroplated and Anodised
Aluminium Coatings by Copper Accelerated Acetic Acid Salt Spray
(CASS) Test
Method for Evaluation of Results of Accelerated Corrosion Test.
Measurement of Coating Thickness by Eddy Current Method (First
Revision)
Code for Designation of Aluminium and Its Alloys
Dimension for Wrought Aluminium and Aluminium Alloys, Extruded
Hollow Sections (first revision)
Air leakage through exterior windows,Curtain walls and Doors.
Structural performance of exterior window, Curtain walls and Doors
under the influence of wind loads
Water penetration of exterior windows, Curta in walls and Doors by
uniform static air pressure differential.
Note: Wherever a reference to any standard appears in this specification and as above it
shall be taken as a reference to the latest version of the standard.
10.1.3 SUBMITTALS
The following submittals are required:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Final design construction documents

Documentation showing conformance with performance criteria.
Shop Drawing: The tenderer shall submit detailed shop drawings within 15
days of acceptance of tender giving full details such as size of sections,
coupling members and method of fixing anchorage, caulking, flashing etc.
The tenderer shall also give all mechanical properties of all sections (e.g.
perimeters, area, moments of inertia about bending axes, principal axes,
principal moments of inertia, weights etc.) in a tabular form.
Design Analysis and Calculations: Include design calculations for review of
design loads and member profiles.
Samples
i) Submit three samples of each required metal finish on 300mm (12 inch) long
extrusion of the alloys to be used for the work. Where normal color and
texture variations are to be expected, include two or more units in each
sample, to show the range of such variation.
ii) Submit three samples of glass, 300mm (12 inch) square
iii) Provide two samples of typical fabricated sections showing joints,
fastenings, quality of workmanship, hardware and necessary items before
fabrication of the work proceeds.
iv) Glazing materials: 300 mm (12 inch) long samples each color and
type required for glazing
gaskets
and
sealant (Silicon/polysulphide)
66
f)
with its catalogue. All samples to be provided at no cost to the Owner or

Architect.
Statement that the system meets the regulatory requirement of
all
statutory authorities having jurisdiction over the works in respect of fire, thermal
aesthetics, mirroring effect, wind, loading, construction and warranty
requirement, nothing in detail any exceptions. The statement /under taking
shall be signed by a person authorised to legally represent the company.
10.1.4 MOCK-UP
Prior to beginning production, furnish and install a sample each for a full size mock
up. Production of any item shall not proceed until the mock up is approved. Mock
up with shop drawings shall be submitted for review prior to manufacturing. Use
materials, fabrication and installation methods identical with those required for the
project.
10.1.5 DESIGN RESPONSIBILITY AND PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS
Manufacturer shall be required to design systems to conform to design intent of
profiles shown and design criteria specified, allowing for dead loads, wind pressures,
thermal movements, earthquake, forces, erection loads and other conditions of usage
which may reasonably be anticipated.
a)
General:
The requirements shown by the details are intended to establish basic
dimension of unit area modules, and provide site line of members. The
manufacturer shall be required to design the entire system, and to make
whatever requirements as may be required to fulfill
the performance
requirements to maintain the visual design concept as shown, including
member size and alignment of component.
b)
Wind Pressure
Fabricate exterior windows, Curtain walls , doors, to withstand the wind
pressure shown or if not shown 200 kg/sqm on the face area, acting inward
and 200 kg/sqm acting outward.
c)
Temperature Variation
Thermal expansion and contraction movements resulting from an ambient
temperature range of 2 to 48oc. which may cause a metal surface with
temperature variation.
d)
Weather Resistance:
Fabricate exterior units with weather striping to prevent from uncontrolled
penetration of air and water under normal shear weather conditions.
e)
Provision for Cleaning Gantry

Curtain Glazing mullions shall be capable of providing lateral restraint for the
cables of maintenance cleaning gantry car having a total laden weight of 300
kg cradle deed load. Mullions strength shall be such that all loads applied
during gantry operation are sufely accomodated without damage or
distortion of any element.
The manufacturer shall be responsible for methods and means of joining,

fabrication, assembly, suspension, erection and compliance with all design criteria.
10.1.6 QUALITY ASSURANCE
a)
General
67
The works shall conform to the Bureaun of Indian

standard
(BIS/IS)
specifications for Aluminium glazings latest editions and in its absence the
standards published in other countries.
b)
Test units
It is required to perform all tests unless other wise noted each portion of exterior
wall system for both frame and glazing (fixed / openable) to the satisfaction
of Construction Manager/ Architect.
c)
Tests
Following tests are to be performed as per relevant standards.
i)
Air infiltration test
ii)
Water Penetration under Static Pressure
iii)
Water Penetration under dynamic pressure
iv)
Uniform load deflection test
v)
Uniform load structural test
vi)
Testing anchor's to resist seismic stresses without damage of any kind
vii)
Wind resistance test
viii)
Anodising testing.
Deflections shall be measured at the centre line members and at other critical points
as deemed appropriate.
10.1.7 Site Conditions:
Manufacturer is to take field measurements prior to preparation of shop drawings
and fabrication to ensure proper fitting of work. However, proceed with
fabrication and coordination installation tolerances as necessary when field
measurements might delay work.
10.1.8 Product handling, transport, storage and protection
Protect units and finishes in manner that will not cause damage or discoloration to
units by covering exposed surface with thick layer clear transparent lacquer or self
adhesive nonstaining PVC tape before they are brought on site. The
lacquer/tape shall be removed on completion of erection / wet Civil work.
10.2
PRODUCTS
10.2.1 Materials
All materials and finishes are to be new and free from defects which may impair
the appearance, strength, function and durability of the exterior window system
and related construction of the external coverings.
a)
Aluminium: The aluminium extruded sections shall conform IS designation

HE/HV/9WP alloy with chemical composition and mechanical properties as
per IS 733.1975 wall thickness to meet required loadings, with minimum for
trim being 1.6mm. Test certificate for alloy and its extrusion from the
manufacturer is required to be submitted by the contractor for its conformity.
b)
Coating/Anodising: All aluminium sections shall be anodised or powder

coated. Anodising shall conform to IS:1868-1982 and shall be of AC 25
grade with minimum thickness of 25 +/- 3 microns when measured as per IS
6012-1992 and the density shall be at least 32mg/square inch. All sections are
to be matt anodised in colour as per sample available with the architects.
The anodic coating shall be properly scalled by steam or boiling in de-ionised
water as per IS 1868-1982. In case of powder coating, factory applied
electrostatic powder coated sections 50+/- 5 micron will be considered for
approval. Color consistency shall be accurate.
68
No visual variation in shade shall be permitted. The fabricator shall clearly

indicate the shade variation tolerance as measured by standard equipment.
c)
Structural and weather seal silicone sealant of GE or equivalent make duly

approved is to be provided at shop and field joints which are sealed as
part of assembly and installation procedures. It is to be applied appropriate
for joint sizes, movement and substrate. Preshimmed tape shall be used
against surfaces with grooves having backer rod at the groove of sufficient size
and spacing to prevent shim migration.
Polysulphide sealant is to be applied between wall surface and sub frame in
clear shade with preshimmed tape to prevent shim migration.
d)
Glass and glazing

External glass shall be laminated glass of uniform appearance. Manufacture is
to be specified and the product sample be verified.
Glass thickness shown are minimum thickness and shall be as per requirement
to withstand loads criteria and their performance.
For all the glasses in glazing works 'edge distance' is
ascertained and maintained.
to
be
clearly
10.2.2 OTHER MATERIALS

a)
Glazing Gaskets and Weathers trips :

EPDM extruded gaskets of hardner 40+5 durometer shore A for sponge
gaskets, 75+5 durometer shore A for hollow profiles and 60+5 for solid profiles
having exception for flame propagation are to be used.
All interior corners of gaskets where compatible with procedures are to be
vulcanized. Provide gaskets with continuous splines for positive engagements
in splins pockets in frame members.
Gasket profiles are to be designed taking into cognizance the glass edge
pressures and the required edge distance.
b)
Setting Blocks and Shims: Solid extruded EPDM with hardners 85+5 durometer
shore A, minimum length 100mm minimum width corresponding to glass
thickness.
c)
Side Blocks: Solid extruded EPDM 55+5 shore A durometer blocks shall be of
sufficient length to prevent point loading on glass.
d)
Hardware: To be as per approved samples. Design and fixingof hardware

shall be got approved by the Architects. The joining accessories shall be
such that they do not cause any bimetallic action and shall be free from visible
defects. Visible screws to be anodised made up of stainless steel.
e)
Fasteners and anchor devices: Fasteners shall be concealed. Bolts and nuts
of zinc-coated steel may be used for concealed assembly and anchorage
provided no possibility of electrolytic action is present.
f)
Mild steel supports sections of curtain walls should be hot dip galvanised and
are to be separated by nylon or fibre gaskets, washers, sleeves and the like.
Fasteners used for bolting aluminium extrusions and their connecting members
shall be aluminium or stainless steel. Fastener metals for joining various metal
combinations shall be as follows:-
69
i)
ii)
iii)
iv)
Aluminium to aluminium
Use only aluminium or stainless steel
Aluminium to stainless steel
Use only stainless steel
Stainless steel to stainless steel
Use only stainless steel
All exposed fastener materials are to be in stainless
anodised, except required otherwise.
steel
and
The Contractor is required to submit test certificates to prove compatibility of any

materials or components as required by the Architect/Project Manager without any
additional cost for its conformance to the relevant standards.
10.3
FABRICATION
The details shown are based upon standard details by one or more manufacturers.
Similar details by other approved manufacturer will be acceptable provided they
comply with the size requirements.
10.3.1 Shop Fabrication

a)
Aluminium glazing shall be fabricated from extruded aluminum member of

alloys specified. Complete the cutting, fitting forming, drilling and grinding of
all metal work prior to cleaning, finishing, treatment and application of
coatings. Remove arises from cut edges and ease edges and corners to a
reading of approx..4mm.
b)
Fabricate and shop assemble frame and sash members into complete
window wall system as indicated along with anchors forsupport to the
structure and with hairline joints where mechanical fasteners are used.
c)
No bolts, screws or fastenings to impair independent movement.
d)
Openable windows, typically, shall be fabricated to allow for inside glazing.
e)
Miter all corners and mechanically stake over solid aluminium corner block,
set and sealed in epoxy leaving hairline joinery and then seal weather tight.
f)
Joinery methods must not discolor finish or be unsightly. Welding and

brazing to comply with industry standards using system and rods for assembly
and fabrication.
g)
All frame corners and meeting rail intersection shall be made permanently
leak proof.
h)
Fasteners should be concealed except where otherwise shown, indicated or

approved.
i)
Provision for anchorage to the structure allowing for erection tolerances,

thermal expansion and building deflections to make the unit vibration free
with no visible or audible evidence of movement.
j)
For glass to be fixed with minimum 'edge clearance' and 'bite' on glass,
cutting is to be done
precisely
taking into consideration the
recommendations by glass manufacturers, and design parameters alongwith
performance requirement and gaskets and other practical considerations.
Do not nip glass edges. Edges may be wheel cut or sawed and seamed at
manufacturer's option. For glass to be cut at site, provide glass larger than
required so as to obtain clean cut edges without the necessity of seaming or
70
nipping Grind,
tempering.
10.4
polish, and ease arises, nip or abrade glass after heat
k)
For weather stripping by EPDM extruded gaskets provision shall be made to

insure that water will not accumulate and remain in contact with the
perimeter areas of glass and securely staking and joining at corners.
l)
All glass pockets, fixed and moving, shall be weeped to provide positive
drainage.
Water shall be weeped to the exterior via frame weep slots
protected by snap-in weep covers integral drips.
m)
Except as otherwise indicated provide each continuous unit of framework

and all accessory items as a packaged unit. Complete the fabricated
assembly, finishing and all other work to the greatest extent possible in
the factory before brought to the project site. Disassemble only to the
extent necessary for transportation and installation.
n)
After fabrication all glazing units (including disassembled parts) shall carry their
designation viz., W-1, G-2 etc., size and location to be fixed well identified
through self adhesive non staining removable PVC tape.
o)
Fire stopping : Preformed incombustible insulation with retaining devices to

meet the building code requirements .Insulation shall be of required depth to
maintain required floor to floor fire sepration and of sufficient width to ensure
that it fills all voids under compression.
EXECUTION
10.4.1 Inspection
Examine all parts of supporting structure, the areas and conditions under which work
comprising of glazing items, and associated items are to be executed. Identify
conditions detrimental to the proper and timely completion of the work and proceed
with the work after getting the unsatisfactory conditions corrected, if any.
10.4.2 Co-ordination
Wherever possible, check actual opening in the construction work by accurate field
measurements before fabrication and execution as well. Show recorded deviation
if any, on final shop drawings and co-ordinate installation within fabrication
tolerance to ensure proper fit of units / modules.
10.4.3 Preparation
Co-ordinate setting drawings, diagram templates, in structions and directions for
the installation of anchorages which are to be embedded in concrete or masonry
construction.
Bench marks for elevations and building line offset marks for alignment shall be
established on each floor level by the contractor who shall be responsible for their
accuracy. Should any error be found in their location the contractor so notify in
writing and shall proceed in the affected areas after the errors have been
corrected/rectified.
Aluminium subframes are to be provided of profiles and dimensions, indicated with
mitered or coped corners, welded and dressed smooth and finish to match adjacent
surfaces having concealed mechanical joint fasteners. The fixing of subframes shall
be so co-ordinated with the civil works of the finishing works like plaster, base plaster
and exterior stone work etc. are completed without any hindrance to main civil
contractor. Dimensional variations, if any, in the building work shall be adjusted while
71
fixing sub frame in order to maintain the uniformity of glazing sizes, line, level and
plumb.
Polysulphide sealant shall be applied alround of subframe between subframe and
walls adjoining as per architectural drawings and manufacturer instructions
through an experienced applicator only.
10.5
INSTALLATION
10.5.1 The installation of fabricated frames shall commence when called for by the
project manager. This shall be properly co-ordinated with the finishing works.
10.5.2 Installation of frame works shall be done under direction and supervision of
manufacturer's representative.
10.5.3 All parts of the work shall be erected, in plumb, level and true to line in proper
alignment and in relation to established lines and grades and as shown on
approved shop and or erection drawings without warp or rack of frames, sash or
panels while positioning. Anchor securely in place. Separate corrodible metal
surfaces from sources of corrosion or electrolytic action at points of contact with
other materials.
10.5.4 Do
not
install
defective component parts including warped, bowed,
dented, abraded and broken members or glass with edge damage. Remove
and replace members/unit which have been damaged prior to installation.
10.5.5 Do not cut, trim, weld or braze component parts during erection in any manner
which would damage the finish, decrease the strength, or result in a visual
imperfection or a failure in performance. Return component parts which require
alteration to the shop for refabrication or for replacement by new parts.
10.5.6 Install component parts in level, plumb and true to line with uniform joints and
reveals. Secure to structure with nonstaining and non corrosive shims, anchors,
fasteners, spacers and fillars. use erection equipment which will not mar or stain
finished surfaces or damage the component part in any way.
10.5.7 Erection Tolerances
a)
Dimensional variation in the building frame and/or work surrounding or
surrounding the work are as determined in the field by field measurement of
the work in place.
b)
The work shall be designed to accommodate all tolerances and anticipated

dead and live load movement, creep, sway and torsion of the structure
without any harmful effects. All parts of the work, when completed shall be
within the following tolerance:
i)
General: 3mm (1/8 inch) maximum deviation in any storey height or in any
3m (10 ft) vertical or cangular run or in any 6m (20 ft) horizontal run.
6mm (1/4 inch) maximum deviation in any 12.2 m (40 ft) run, any direction.
ii)
Locational: 3mm (1/8") maximum change in deviation for any member for
any 3m (10 ft) run, any direction.
10mm (3/8 inch) total maximum deviation for any member at any location.
72
iii)
Offsets: Limit offsets in the end to end and edge to edge alignments of
adjoining and consecutive members, which form planes, continuous runs and
profiles to the following:
Slope or curvature shall not exceed 1% when measured at intervals of 25mm
(inch) in any direction.
-4mm (1/6 inch) maximum offset in flush alignments including alignments
which are to be 13mm (1/2 inch) or less out of flush, and alignments which
separated 50mm (2 inch) or less by a reveal or protrusion in the plane of the
wall .
-3mm (1/8 inch) maximum offset in alignments which are out of flush by
more than 13.0mm (1/2 inch) or separated by a reveal or protrusion in the
plane of the wall.
Maximum offset from true alignment between two members abutting end-toend, edge to edge in line or separated by less than 76mm, 0.8mm (shop
and/or field joints 0< This limiting conditions shall prevail under both no load
and full load conditions.
All aluminium frames shall be kept protected after installation by lacquer /tape to
avoid scratches by Others.
10.5.8 Sealant
Sealing materials for sealing shall be structural or weather seal silicone sealant
made by GE or approved equal used in strict accordance with the manufacturer's
printed instructions and shall be applied only by applicators/mechanics specially
trained or experienced in their use. Before applying sealant all dirt, dust, moisture
and other foreignmatter shall be completely removed from surfaces and shall
be masked, when required, to maintain a clean and neat appearance. This shall
provide a smooth finish surface.
10.5.9 Anchorage
Anchorage of the work to the structure shall be by approved methods in strict
accordance with approved shop and/or erection drawings. Supporting framework
and brackets shall be so designed as to provide three dimensional adjustments and
accurate location of all components.
After the unit is properly positioned all
connections so designated on approved shop drawings shall be rigidly fixed by
welding or other positive means.
Anchor component parts securely in place as shown by bolting, welding or other
permanent mechanical attachment system which will comply with performance
requirements and permit movements which are intended or necessary. Install slip
joint lining wherever possible to ensure movement as in tended or necessary.
Wherever concealed contact surface or dissimilar materials before assembly or
installation is existing or wherever there is the possibility of corrosive or electrolytic
action, apply a suitable bituminous coating of approx. 0.76m (0.03 inch) dry film
thickness or other suitable permanent separator.
10.5.10 Setting
Set all members and other members in a bed of compoundor with joint fillers or
gaskets to provide weather tight construction.
10.5.11 Cleaning, postponement, protection and security
a)
Clean debris, dust and other substances caused during erection and keep the
scrap, if any, away from thorough fare.
b)
If directed by the project manager installation of the work shall be postponed

in any areas so as to facilitate moving material into out of the building during
construction.
73
c)
10.6
The installed frames, sections and other components of aluminium glazing work
in passages and exit(s) shall be kept protected and guarded for any damage
by other working contractor's workmen in co-ordination with project
manager.
GLAZING:
10.6.1 General:
Before glazing, openings shall be checked to see that they are square, plumb
and true plane. If found otherwise glazing shall not proceed until proper corrections
are made.
Inspect each piece of vision glass immediately before installation. Eliminate all
which have edge damage or face imperfections.
10.6.2 Preparation
a)
Comply with recommendations and requirements of glass manufacturers

for installation of all glass.
b)
Clean glazing channels, stop and rabbets to receive glazing materials of

obstructions and deleterious substances which might impair the work.
c)
Apply primer or sealer to joint surfaces wherever recommended by gasket

manufacturer.
d)
Clean with solvent all glass edges and faces which will be in contact with
gaskets to remove all traces of cutting oils and other contaminates.
10.6.3 Setting blocks and spacers

Locate setting blocks of proper size at sill one quarter in from each end of the
glass unless otherwise recommended by the glass manufacturer. Set blocks in this
course of the heel-bead compound, if recommended.
Provide spacers for all glass sizes larger than a combined total of 1.27m or more
for any two adjacent sides to separate glass from stops, except where continuous
glazing gaskets are provided. Locate spacers no further than 600mm apart and no
closer than 300mm to a corner. Place spacers opposite one another. Make bite of
spacer on glass a nominal 6mm or greater.
10.6.4 Installation
Glasses shall be installed and blocked in such a manner as to assure proper glass
bite on all sides. Correct glass sizes to insure
glass bite shall be verified by
measurement of the frames.
Protect glass from edge damage at all times during handling
subsequent construction operation.
installa tion and
Required glazing channel dimensions are to be provided as per glass size for
necessary minimum 13mm bite on the glass, minimum edge clearance and
adequate sealant thickness with reasonable tolerances.
Provide the correct glass size for each opening, within the tolerances and necessary
dimensions by identified numbering from fabrication.
Perimeter clearance must be sufficient to avoid all point loading.
All structural silicone sealant to be applied by approved applicator of the
manufacturer.
74
Provide watertight and airtight installation of each piece of glass so as to with

stand temperature changes, wind forces and other effects as enumerated and
specified.
10.6.5 CLEANING AND PROTECTION
Glass shall be protected from breakage immediately upon installation. Use streamers
or ribbons suitably attached to framing and held free of the glass. Do not apply
warning marking directly to the glass.
Protect glass and glazing materials during the construction period so that they will
be without any indication of damage at the time of acceptance. Cover glass as
equired to protect it from abrasion and other activities that might abrade the
surfaces.
Remove and replace glass which is broken, cracked, chipped or damaged in
any way and from any source.
All debris caused by or incidental to the installation work shall be properly
removed from the job site as the work progresses.
Wash glass on both faces (inside and outside) not more than 4 days prior to
acceptance. Comply with instruction and recommendations of the glass
manufacturer and glazing material for cleaning
in
each case.
Remove
manufacturer protective covering from frames when directed.
10.7
WARRANTY
1.
Immediately on completion of the work contractor shall submit a warranty

for all glazing work done by him against manufacturing defects,
malfunctioning or under capacity functioning.
2.
The warranty shall be valid for a period of Ten years from the date of virtual
completion of the work to be executed on non judicial stamp paper of Rs.
50( Fifty).
3.
The warranty shall relate to materials and its installation work within limits of
specified tolerances for vibrations, wind whistles, color, gloss and other
performance levels.
4.
The warranty shall include replacement of sealant and glazing materials which
breakdown in any form, lose adhesion to the glass or metal framing. The
contractor shall rectify and allow for all costs associated with making good,
any defect or breakage during this period for the system.
5.
The warrantee shall expressly include replacement and making good of all
defective or under-rated capacity/efficiency parts as acceptable in the
contract.
75
11.0
SPECIFICATIONS FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL WORK
11.1
General
11.1.1
This specification covers the fabrication and transportation to site and erection on
prepared foundations and structural steel work consisting of beams, columns,
vertical trusses, bracings, shear connections etc.
11.1.2
Fabrication, erection and approval of steel structures shall be in compliance with :

-
These General Specifications and IS : 800 - 1984
Drawings and supplementary drawings to be supplied to the contractors

during execution of the work.
11.1.3
Providing shop primer coat for steel structures.

pockets and below base plates where required.
11.1.4
In case of conflict between the Clauses mentioned here and the Indian Standards,
those expressed in this specification shall govern.
11.2
Scope
11.2.1
The fabrication and erection of the steel work consists of accomplishing of all jobs
here-in enumerated including providing all labour, tools and plant all materials and
consumables such as welding electrodes, bolts and nuts, oxygen and acetylene
gases, oils for cleaning etc. of approved quality as per relevant IS. The work shall
be executed according to the drawings, specifications, relevant codes etc. in an
expeditious and workman like manner, as detailed in the specifications and the
relevant Indian Standard Codes and Standard Practice and to the complete
satisfaction of the Architect/Project Manager.
11.3
Fabrication Drawings
11.3.1
The contractor shall prepare all fabrication and erection drawings on the basis of
design drawings supplied to him and submit the same in triplicate to the
Architect/Project Managers for review, Architect/Project Managers shall review
and comment, if any, on the same. Such review, if any, by the Architect/Project
Managers, does not relieve the contractor of any of his required guarantees
responsibilities. The contractor shall however be responsible to fabricate the
structurals strictly conforming to specifications and reviewed drawings.
11.3.2
Fabrication drawings shall include the following :

-
Grouting of holding-down bolt
Member sizes and details

Types and dimensions of welds and bolts
Shapes and sizes of edge preparation for welding
Details of shop and field joints included in assemblies.
Bill of material
-
Quality of structural steels, welding electrodes, bolts, nuts and washers etc. to
be used.
Erection assemblies, identifying all transportable parts and sub-assemblies,

associated with special erection instructions, if required.
Calculations where asked for, for approval.
76
11.3.3
Connections, splices etc. other details not specifically detailed in design drawings
shall be suitably given on fabrication drawings considering normal detailing
practices and developing full member strengths. Where asked for calculations for
the merit shall also be submitted for approval.
11.3.4
Any alternate design or change in section is allowed when approved in writing by

the Architect/Project Manager.
11.3.5
However if any variation in the scheme is found necessary later, the contractor will
be supplied with revised drawings. The contractor shall incorporate these changes
in his drawings at no extra cost and resubmit for review.
11.3.6
Architect/Project Managers/Consultants review shall not absolve the contractor of

his responsibility for the correctness of dimensions, adequacy of details and
connections. One copy will be returned reviewed with or without comments to the
contractor for necessary action. In the former case further three copies of
amended drawings shall be submitted by the contractor for final review.
11.3.7
The contractor shall supply three prints each of the final reviewed drawings to the
Architect/Project Managers within a week since final review, at no extra cost for
reference and records.
11.3.8
The Architect/Project Managers will verify the correct interpretation of their

requirements.
11.3.9
If any modification is made in the design drawing during the course of execution of
the job, revised design drawings will be issued to the contractor. Further changes
arising out of these shall be incorporated by the contractor in the fabrication
drawings already prepared at no extra cost and the revised fabrication drawings
shall be duly got reviewed as per the above Clauses.
11.4
Materials
11.4.1
Rolled Sections
The following grades of steel shall be used for steel structures :
Structural steel will generally be of standard quality conforming to IS: 226.
Whenever welded construction is specified plates of more than 20 mm thickness
will generally conform to IS: 2062.
11.4.2
Welding Materials
Welding electrodes shall conform to IS: 814.
Approval of welding procedures shall be as per IS: 823.
11.4.3
Bolts, Nuts & Washers

Bolts and nuts shall be as per IS: 1367 and tested as per IS:1608. It shall have a
minimum tensile strength of 44 Kg/mm2 and minimum elongation of 23% on a
gauge length of 5.65 (A- Original cross sectional area of the gauge length).
Washers shall be as per IS: 2016.
11.4.4
All materials shall conform to their respective specifications. The use of equivalent
or higher grade or alternate materials will be considered only in very special cases
subject to the approval of the Architect/Project Managers in writing.
77
11.4.5
Receipt & Storing of Materials

Steel materials supplied by the contractor must be marked for identification and
each lot should be accompanied by manufacturer's quality certificate, conforming
chemical analysis and mechanical characteristics.
All steel parts furnished by supplier shall be checked, sorted out, straightened, and
arranged by grades and qualities in stores.
Structurals with surface defects such as pitting, cracks, laminations etc. shall be
rejected if the defects exceed the allowable tolerances specified in relevant
standards or as directed by the Architect/Project Managers.
Welding wire and electrodes shall be stored separately by qualities and lots inside a
dry and enclosed room, in compliance with IS: 816 - 1969 and as per instructions
given by the Architect/Project Managers. Electrodes shall be perfectly dry and
drawn from an electrode even, if required.
Checking of quality bolts of any kind as well as storage of same shall be made
conforming to relevant standards.
Each lot of electrodes, bolts, nuts, etc. shall be accompanied by manufacturer's
test certificate.
The contractor may use alternative materials as compared to design specification
only with the written approval of the Architect/Project Managers.
11.4.6
Material Tests
The contractor shall be required to produce manufacturer's quality certificates for
the materials supplied by the contractor. Notwithstanding the manufacturer's
certificates, the Architect/Project Managers may ask for testing of materials in
approved test houses. The test results shall satisfy the requirements of the relevant
Indian Standards.
Whenever quality certificates are missing or incomplete or when material quality
differs from standard specifications the contractor shall conduct all appropriate
tests as directed by the Architect/Project Managers at no extra cost.
Materials for which test certificates are not available or for which test results do not
tally with relevant standard specifications, shall not be used.
11.5
Fabrication
Fabrication shall be in accordance with IS: 800 Section V in addition to the
following :
Fabrication shall be done as per approved fabrication drawings adhering strictly to
work points and work lines on the same. The connections shall be welded or bolted
as per design drawings. Work shall also include fabricating built up sections.
Any defective material used shall be replaced by the contractor at his own
expense, care being taken to prevent any damage to the structure during
removal.
All the fabricated and delivered items shall be suitably packed to be protected
from any damage during transportation and handling. Any damage caused at
any time shall be made good by the Contractor at his own cost.
Any faulty fabrication pointed out at any stage of work shall be made good by the
contractor at his own cost.
78
11.5.1
Preparation of Materials
Prior to release for fabrication, all rolled sections warped beyond allowable limit
shall be pressed or rolled straight and freed from twists, taking care that an uniform
pressure is applied.
Minor warping, corrugations etc. in rolled sections shall be rectified by cold working.
The sections shall be straightened by hot working where the Architect/Project
Managers so direct and shall cooled slowly after straightening.
Warped members like plates and flats may be used as such only if wave like
deformation does not exceed L/1000 but limited to 10 mm (L-Length).
Surface of members that are to be jointed by lap or fillet welding or bolting shall be
even so that there is no gap between overlapping surfaces.
11.5.2
Marking
Marking of members shall be made on horizontal pads, of an appropriate racks or
supports in order to ensure horizontal and straight placement of such members.
Marking accuracy shall be atleast + 1 mm.
11.5.3
Cutting
Members shall be cut mechanically (by saw or shear or by oxyacetylene flame).
All sharp, rough, or broken edges, and all edges of joints which are subjected to
tensile or oscillating stresses, shall be ground.
No electric metal arc cutting shall be allowed.
All edges cut by oxyacetylene process shall be cleaned of impurities prior to
assembly.
Cutting tolerances shall be as follows :
a)
b)
For members connected at both ends + 1 mm.

Elsewhere + 3 mm.
The edge preparation for welding of members more than 12 mm thick shall be
done by flame cutting and grinding. Cut faces shall not have cracks or be rough.
Edge preparation shall be as per IS : 823 - 1964.
11.5.4
Drilling
Bolts holes shall be drilled.
Drilling shall be made to the diameter specified in drawings.
No enlarging of holes filling, by mandrolling or oxyacetylene flame shall be allowed.
Allowed variations for holes (out-of-roundness, eccentricity, plumb-line deviation)
shall be as per IS:800.
-
Maximum deviation for spacing of two holes on the same axis shall be + 1 mm.
Two perpendicular diameters of any oval hole shall not differ by more than 1
mm.
79
Drilling faults in holes may be rectified by reaming the holes to the next upper
diameter, provided that spacing of new hole centres and distance of hole centres
to the edges of members are not less than allowed and that the increase of hole
diameter does not impair the structural strength. Hole reaming shall be allowed if
the number of faulty holes does not exceed 15% of the total number of holes for
one joint.
11.5.6
Preparation of Members for Welding

Assembly of structural members shall be made with proper jigs and fixtures to
ensure correct positioning of members (angles, axes nodes etc.)
Sharp edges, rust of cut edges, notches, irregularities and fissures due to faulty
cutting shall be chipped or ground or filled over the length of the affected area,
deep enough to remove faults completely.
Edge preparation for welding shall be carefully and accurately made so as to
facilitate a good joint.
Generally no special edge preparation shall be required for members under 8 mm
thick.
Edge preparation (bevelling) denotes cutting of the same so as to result in V, X K or
U seam shapes as per IS: 823.
The members to be assembled shall be clean and dry on the welding edges.
Under no circumstances shall wet, greasy, rust or dirt covered parts be assembled.
Joints shall be kept free from any foreign matter likely to get in to the gaps
between members to be welded.
Before assembly the edges to be welded as well as adjacent areas extending for
atleast 20 mm shall be cleaned (until metallic polish is achieved).
When assembling members, proper care shall be taken of welding shrinkage and
distortions, as the drawing dimensions cover finished dimensions of the structure.
The elements shall be got checked and approved by the Architect/Project
Managers or their authorised representative before assembly.
The permissible tolerances for assembly of members preparatory to welding shall
be as per IS: 823-1964.
After the assemble has been checked, temporary tack welding in position shall be
done by electric welding, keeping in view finished dimensions of the structure.
11.5.7
Welding procedures
Welding shall be carried out only by fully trained and experienced welders as
tested and approved by the Architect/ Project Managers. Any test carried out
either by the Architect/ Project Managers of their representative or the inspectors
shall constitute a right by them for such tests and the cost involved thereon shall be
borne by the contractor himself.
Qualification tests for welders as well as tests for approval of electrodes will be
carried out as per IS: 823. The nature of test for performance qualification of
welders shall be commensurate with the quality of welding required on this job as
judged by the Architect/Project Managers.
The steel structures shall be automatically, semi-automatically or manually welded.
80
Welding shall begin only after the checks mentioned in Clause 5.1 to 5.6 have been
carried out.
The welder shall mark with his identification mark on each element welded by him.
When welding is carried out in open air, steps shall be taken to protect the face of
welding against wind or rain. The electrodes, wire and parts being welded shall be
dry.
Before beginning the welding operation, each joint shall be checked to ensure
that the parts to be welded are clean and root gaps provided as per IS: 823.
For continuing the welding of seems discontinued due to some reason, the end of
the discontinued seem shall be melted in order to obtain a good continuity. Before
resuming the welding operation, the groove as well as the adjacent parts shall be
well cleaned for a length of approx. 50 mm.
For single butt welds (in V, 1/2 V or U) and double butt welds (in K, double U etc.)
the rewelding of the root is mandatory but only the metal deposit on the root has
been cleaned by back gouging or chipping.
The welding seams shall be left to cool slowly. The contractor shall not be allowed
to cool the welds quickly by any other method.
For multi-layer welding, before welding the following layer, the formerly welded
layer shall be cleaned metal bright by light chipping and wire brushing. Backing
strips shall not be allowed.
The order and method of welding shall be so that -
No unacceptable deformation appears in the welded parts.
Due margin is provided to compensate for contraction due to welding in order

to avoid any high permanent stresses.
The defects in welds must be rectified according to IS: 823 and as per instruction of
11.5.8
Weld Inspection
The weld seams shall satisfy the following :
-
shall correspond to design shapes and dimensions.
shall not have any defects such as cracks, incomplete penetration and fusion,
under-cuts, rough surfaces, burns, blow holes and porosity etc. beyond
permissible limits.
During the welding operation and approval of finished elements, inspections and
tests shall be made as shown in annexure-B.
The mechanical characteristics of the welded joints shall be as in IS: 823.
11.5.9
Preparation of Members for Bolting

The members shall be assembled for bolting with proper jigs and fixtures to sustain
the assemblies without deformation and bending.
Before assembly, all sharp edges, shavings, rust dirt, etc. shall be removed.
Before assembly, the contacting surfaces of the members shall be cleaned and
given a coat of primer as per IS: 2074.
81
The members which are bolt assembled shall be set according to drawings and
temporarily fastened with erection bolts (minimum 4 pieces) to check the coaxiality
of the holes.
The members shall be finally bolted after the deviations have been corrected, after
which there shall not be gaps.
Before assembly, the members shall be checked and got approved by the
Architect/Project Managers.
The difference in thickness of the sections that are butt assembled shall not be
more than 3% or maximum 0.8 mm whichever is less. If the difference is larger, it
shall be corrected by grinding or filling.
Reaming of holes to final diameter or cleaning of these shall be done only after the
parts have been check assembled.
As each hole is finished to final dimensions (reamed if necessary) it shall be set and
bolted up. Erection bolts shall not be removed before other bolts are set.
11.5.10
Bolting up
Final bolting of the members shall be done after the defects have been rectified
and approval of joints obtained.
The bolts shall be tightened starting from the centre of joint towards the edge.
11.5.11
Planing of Ends
Planing of ends of members like column ends shall be done by grinding when so
specified in the design.
Planing of butt welded members shall be done after these have been assembled,
the spare edges shall be removed with grinding machines or files.
The following tolerances shall be permitted on member that have been planed.
11.5.12
On the length of the member having both ends planed, maximum + 2 mm

with respect to design.
Level differences of planed surfaces, maximum 0.3 mm.
Deviation between planed surface and member's axis maximum 1/1500.
Holes for Field Joints

Holes for field joints shall be drilled in the shop to final diameters and tested in the
shop, with trial assemblies.
When three-dimensional assembly is not possible in the shop, the holes for field
joints may be drilled in shop and reamed on site after erection, on approval by the
For bolted steel structures, trial assembly in shop is mandatory.
The tolerance for spacing of holes shall be + 1 mm.
82
11.5.13
Tolerances
All tolerances regarding dimensions, geometrical shapes and sections of steel
structures, shall be as per Annexure B, if not specified in the drawing.
11.5.14
Marking for Identification

All elements and members prior to despatch for erection shall be shop marked.
The members shall be visibly marked with a weather proof light coloured paint. The
size and thickness of the numbers shall be chosen as to facilitate the indentification
of members.
For the small members that are delivered in bundles or crates, the required marking
shall be done on small metal tags securely tied to the bundle, while the crates shall
be marked directly.
Each bundle or crate shall be packed with members for one and the same
assembly; in the same bundle or crate, general utility members such as bolts, quests
etc. may be packed.
All bill of materials showing weight, quality and dimension of contents shall be
placed in the crates.
The members shall be marked with a durable paint, in a visible location, preferably
at one end of the member so that these may be easily checked during storage
and erection.
All members shall be marked in the shop before inspection and acceptance.
When the member is being painted, the marking area shall not be painted but
bordered with white paint.
The marking and job symbol shall be registered in all shop delivery documents
(transportation, for erection etc.)
11.5.15
Shop Test Pre-assembly

For steel structures that have the same type of welding the shop test pre-assembly
shall be performed on one out of every 10 members minimum.
For bolted steel structures, shop test pre-assembly is mandatory for all elements as
well as for the entire structure in conformity with Clause 5.12.
11.6
Shop Inspection and Approval
11.6.1
General
The Architect/Project Managers or their representative shall have free access at all
responsible times to the contractors fabrication shop and shall be afforded all
reasonable facilities for satisfying himself that the fabrication is being undertaken in
accordance with drawings and specifications.
Technical approval of the steel structure in the shop by the Architect/Project
Managers is mandatory.
The contractor shall not limit the number and kinds of tests, final as well as
intermediate once, or extra tests required by the Architect/Project Managers.
83
The contractor shall furnish necessary tools, gauges, instruments etc. and technical
non-technical personnel for shop tests by the Architect/Project Managers, free of
cost.
11.6.2
Shop Acceptance
The Architect/Project Managers shall inspect and approve at the following stages :
The following approvals may given in shop :
-
Intermediate approvals of work that cannot be inspected later.
Partial approvals
Final approvals
Intermediate approval of work shall be given when a part of the work is preformed
later :
-
Cannot be inspected later
Inspection would be difficult to perform and results would not be satisfactory.
Partial approval in the shop is given on members and assemblies of steel structures
before the primer coat is applied and includes :
-
Approval of materials
Approval of field joints
Approval of parts with planed surfaces
Test erection
Approval of members
Approval of markings
Inspections and approvals of special features, like Rollers, loading platform
mechanism etc.
During the partial approval, intermediate approvals as well as all former approvals,
shall be taken in to consideration.
11.6.3
Final approval in the Shop

The final approval refers to all elements and assemblies of the steel structures, with
shop primer coat, ready for delivery from shop to be loaded for transportation, or
stored.
The final approval comprises of :
-
Partial approvals
Approval of shop primer coat
Approval of mode of loading and transport
Approval of storage (for materials stored)
11.7
Painting and Delivery
11.7.1
Preparation of parts for shop painting

Painting shall consist of providing one coat of red oxide zinc chromate primer to
steel members before despatch from shop.
Primer coat shall not be applied unless :
-
Surface have been wire brushed, cleaned of dust, oil, rust etc.
84
Erection gaps between members, spots that cannot be painted or where

moisture or other aggressive agents may penetrate, have been filled with an
approved type of oil and putty.
The surface to be painted are completely dry.
The parts where water of aggressive agents may collect (during transportation,
storage, erection and operation) are filled with putty and provided with holes
for drainage of water.
Members and parts have been inspected and accepted
Welds have been accepted.
The following are not to be painted or protected by any other product :

-
Surface which are in the vicinity of joints to be welded at site.
Surfaces bearing markings
Other surfaces indicated in the design.
The following shall be given a coat of hot oil or any approved resistant lubricant
only.
-
Planed surfaces
Holes for links
The surfaces that are to be embedded or in contact with the concrete shall be
given a cost of cement wash.
The surfaces which are in contact with the ground, gravel or brick work and subject
to moisture, shall be given bituminous coat.
The other surfaces shall be given a primer coating.
Special attention shall be given to locations not easily accessible, where water can
collect and which after assembly and erection cannot be inspected, painted and
maintained. Holes shall be provided for water drainage and in accessible box type
sections shall be hermetically sealed by welds.
If specified elsewhere, in the schedule of quantities, the contractor shall paint
further coats of red-oxide after erection and placing in position of the steel
structures.
11.7.2
Packing, transportation, delivery

After final shop acceptance and marking, the item shall be packed and loaded
for transportation.
Packing must be adequate to protect item against warping during loading and
unloading.
Proper lifting devices shall be used for loading, in order to protect items against
warping.
Slender projecting parts shall be braced with additional steel bars, before loading,
for protection against warping during transportation.
Loading and transportation shall be done in compliance with transportation rules.
85
If certain parts cannot be transported in the lengths stipulated in the design, the
position and type of additional splice joints shall be approved by the
Items must be carefully loaded on platforms of transportation means to prevent
warping, bending or falling during transportation.
The small parts such as fish plates, quests etc. shall be securely tied with wire to their
respective parts.
Bolts, nuts and washers shall be packed and transported in crates.
The parts shall be delivered in the order stipulated by the Architect/Project
Managers and shall be accompanied by document showing :
-
Quality and quantity of structure or members

Position of member in the structure
Particulars of structure
Identification number job symbol.
11.8
Field Erection
11.8.1
The erection work shall be permitted only after the foundation or other structure
over which the steel work will be erected is approved and is ready for erection.
11.8.2
The contractor shall satisfy himself about the levels, alignment etc. for the
foundations well in advance, before starting the erection. Minor chipping etc. shall
be carried out by the contractor on his expense.
11.8.3
Any faulty erection done by the contractor shall be made good at his own cost.
11.8.4
Approval by the Architect/Project Managers or their representatives at any stage

of work does not relieve the contractor of any of his required guarantees of the
contract.
11.8.5
Storage and preparation of parts prior to erection

The storage place for steel parts shall be prepared in advance and got approved
by the Architect/Project Managers before the steel structures start arriving from the
shop.
A platform shall be provided by the Contractor near the erection site for
preliminary erection work.
The contractor shall make the following verifications upon receipt of material at
site.
-
for quality certificates regarding materials and workmanship according to

these general specifications and drawings.
Whether parts received are complete without defects due to transportation,

loading and unloading and defects, if any, are well within the admissible limit.
For the above work sufficient space must be allotted in the storage area.
Steps shall be taken to prevent warping of items during unloading.
The parts shall be unloaded, stored and stored so as to be easily identified.
86
The parts shall be stored according to construction symbol and markings so that
these may be taken out in order or erection.
The parts shall be at least 150 mm clear from ground on wooden or steel blocks for
protection against direct contact with ground and to permit drainage of water.
If rectification of members like straightening etc. are required, these shall be done
in a special place allotted which shall be adequately equipped.
The parts shall be clean when delivered for erection.
11.8.6
Erection & Tolerances

Erection in general shall be carried out as required and approved by the
Positioning and levelling of the structure, alignment and plumbing of the stanchion
and fixing every member of the structure shall be in accordance with the relevant
drawings and to the complete satisfaction of the Architect/Project Managers.
The following checks and inspection shall be carried out before during and after
erection.
-
damage during transportation

accuracy of alignment of structures
erection according to drawings and specifications
progress and workmanship.
In case there be any deviations regarding positions of foundations or anchor bolts,

which would lead to erection deviations, the Architect/Project Managers shall be
informed immediately. Minor rectifications in foundations, orientation of bolts holes
etc. shall be carried out as part of the work, at no extra cost.
The various parts of the steel structure shall be so erected so to ensure stability
against inherent weight, wind and erection stresses.
The structure shall be anchored and final erection joints completed after plan and
elevation positions of the structural members have been verified with
corresponding drawings and approved by the Architect/Project Managers.
The bolted joints shall be tightened so that the entire surface of the bolt heads and
nuts shall rest on the member. For parts with sloping surfaces tapered washers shall
be used.
11.9
Final acceptance and handing over the structure
11.9.1
At acceptance, the contractor shall submit the following documents :

-
Shop and erection drawings - either in tracings or reproducible.
4 copies of each of the following :

\\-
11.9.2
shop acceptance documents

quality certificate for structurals, plates, etc. (electrodes, welding wire,
bolts, nuts, washers etc.)
\List of certified welders who worked on erection of structures.
\acceptance and intermediate control procedure of erection
operations.
Approval by the Architect/Project Managers at any stage of work does not
relieve the contractor of any of his required guarantees of the contract.
87
11.10
11.10.1
Method of Payments
Payment for steel work shall be made on basis of admissible weight of the
structure accepted, the weight being determined as described in such Clause
11.10.2 below :
The rate for supply, fabrication and erection, shall include cost of all handling and
transportation to Owner's store/site o work where supply and fabrication only are
involved, trimming, straightening, edge preparation, preparation and getting
reviewed of fabrication drawings, and providing one or more coat of Red-oxide
zinc chromate primer as specified in the schedule of quantity.
In the case, Owner supplies materials the rate shall include cost of steel materials
taking delivery of the materials, from owner's store all handling and rehandling,
loading and unloading, transport to site or work, returning of surplus materials to
owner's stores etc. complete as well as the cost of all handling and transport,
scaffolding, temporary supports, tools and tackles, touching up primer coat,
grouting etc.
11.10.2
The actual lengths installed shall be measured and the weight of structural
material/plate shall be calculated wherever necessary on the basis of IS
handbook. If sections are different from IS section, then manufacturers
handbook shall be adopted. No allowance in weights shall be made for rolling
tolerance.
11.10.3
Sections built out of plates, structural shall be paid on the actual weight
incorporated except for gussets which will be paid on the weight of the
smallest rectangle enclosing the shape. No deductions shall be made for skew
cuts in rolled steel sections.
11.10.4
Welds, bolts, nuts, washers, etc. shall not be measured. Rate for structural steel
work shall be deemed to include the same.
11.10.5
No other payment either for temporary works connected with this contract or
for any other item such as welds, shims, pacing plates etc. shall be made.
Such item shall be deemed to have been allowed for in the rate quoted for
steel work.
11.11
Grouting of Pockets
11.11.1
Grouting of pockets and under base plates will be done only after the steel
work has been levelled and plumbed and the bases of stranchions are
supported by steel shims. The space below the base plate and pockets shall
be thoroughly cleaned.
11.11.2
The mortar used for grouting shall not be leaner than 1:2 (1 cement : 2 sand)
(grade 300 in case of concrete) and shall be mixed to the minimum
consistency required. It shall be poured under suitable head and tamped until
the space has been completely filled.
11.12
Tolerances allowed in the erection of plant building without cranes

The maximum tolerances for line and level of the steel work shall be + 3.00 mm
on any part of the structure. The structure shall not be out of plumb more than
3.5 mm on each 10 M. section of height and not more than 7.0 mm per 30 M.
section.
These tolerances shall apply to all parts of the structure unless the drawings
issued for erection purposes state otherwise.
88
ANNEXURE A
INSPECTION
Inspection
Coverage
Procedure
Inspection of weld
seam appearance
Checking of sizes
All welds
Naked eye or lens
At least one for each

weld seam
Ordinary measuring
instruments
(rule,
templates)
As per IS : 823
Mechanical tests for

welding procedure
performance
and
electrodes
Evaluation findings
and remedy of defect
All faulty welds shall be
rectified.
Should faulty weld be
found all welds shall
be checked & all
defects
shall
be
rectified.
As per IS : 823
ANNEXURE - B
INADMISSIBLE WELD DEFECTS AND TOLERANCE ALLOWED FOR WELDS
Defects
Detailing
sketching
defects
Unsatisfactory
appearance
uneven
rugged
Unsatisfactory
shape
shallow or jutting
welds
Incomplete
weld
Molten metal
flow
Pits
of
of
width
Allowed tole-rance
and remedy of
defects
Cause of defects
Mode of
defects
at discretion cut
weld & reweld
uneven
welding
progress, voltage
fluctuations,
varying Arc length,
negligence,
inexperience
welder
negligence
external (visual)
inspection
No variance from
design
shape
shall be allowed
not allowed fill in
weld
not allowed fill in
weld
Surface
cracks
not allowed cut

& reweld
not allowed cut
& reweld
Incorrect
Sectional
Dimensions
a) Depth
b) Weld
b1 = 2mm
b2 = 2mm
b = 1mm
c = 1mm
Chisel & grind.
89
excessive melting
wrong handling of
electrode.
wrong welding
technique
Great
stresses,
sudden
cooling,
wrong
type
of
electrode.
negligence
finding
Visual inspection
template
checking.
template
checking
visual inspection
visual inspection
visual inspection
Template
checking
Insufficient
For weld lengtyhs 11

+ 5mm for 12 + 10mm
for shorter seams cut
and
reweld
or
complete to length
if 0.5mm for 10mm &
C 1mm
Back cuts
Surface porosities
for 10mm replace

relevant members
Max. 5% of weld
seam area cut and
reweld
Negligence
Rule checking
Burned
material
excessive melting
Visual Inspection
Frequent
interruptions
or
welding electrodes
inadequately
covered
Visual inspection
INADEQUATE APPEARANCE OF WELD MAY BE ALLOWED IF NO OTHER DEFECTS THAT MIGHT

DIMINISH WELD STRENGTH ARE PRESENT. SECTIONAL WELD SHAPE MUST COMPLY WITH DESIGN
INDICATIONS. NO CONCAVE WELDS SHALL BE ALLOWED FOR SPECIFIED CONVEX WELDS, OR
VICE VERSA. TOLERANCE FOR CONCAVITY OR CONVEXITY OF WELDS SHALL BED. 1 x a ("a" BEING
THE HEIGHT OF THE TRIANGLE WITHIN THE SECTION SHOWN), BUT NOT MORE THAN 0.6 mm.
12.0
CONCRETE PAVEMENTS
12.1
Processing and Construction
12.1.1
Weather and Seasonal Limitations

Unless special precautions as specified are taken, concreting shall not be done
during extreme weather conditions, e.g., during monsoon months, and when
atmospheric temperature in shade is above 400C or below 40C. For guidelines
for construction of cement concrete pavements in hot weather, reference
may be made to IRC : 61-1976.
12.1.2
Preparation of base
The base to receive the cement concrete shall be checked for line, grade and
cross-section as spelt out in Chapter 7. All irregularities beyond the permitted
tolerances shall be rectified as specified.
Where concrete is to be laid over an absorbent surface, the latter shall be kept
moist in saturated surface dry condition or covered over by a water-proof
kraft/Polyethylene sheeting as specified so as to prevent absorption of water
from the concrete mortar.
12.1.3
Fixing of formwork
The formwork shall be of correct shape, free from bends and kinks and
sufficiently rigid to maintain its shape and position under the weight and
working conditions of the laying and compacting equipment, It shall be set to
true lines and levels and securely fixed in position to prevent any subsequent
disturbance during compaction. Trueness of the formwork from the specified
profile shall be checked and any deviation greater than 3mm in 3m rectified.
No deviation shall, however, be permitted at the joints.
90
12.1.4
Manufacture and Placement of Concrete

Shall be carried out as specified in 'Concrete Work'.
12.1.5
Adequate surcharges of concrete shall be given over the desired finished

level. The amount of surcharge shall be determined in the field by actual trial.
The surcharge shall be uniform over the entire area and the concrete as
spread shall be to the same camber and slope as the required finished
surface.
12.1.6
The concrete shall be compacted fully using vibrating screeds and/or internal
vibrators as specified. The vibrating screeds and internal vibrators shall
conform to IS :2506 and IS:2505 respectively. Compaction shall be so
controlled as to prevent excess mortar and water working on to the top due to
over vibration.
12.1.7
During compaction, any low or high spots shall be made up by adding or

removing concrete.
12.1.8
After longitudinal floating has been completed but while concrete is still
plastic, the slab surface shall be tested for trueness with a 3m straight edge in
accordance with the procedure set forth in Chapter 7. Any depressions or
high spots showing departure from the true surface shall be immediately
rectified. High spots shall be cut down and refinished. Depressions shall be
enlarged to about 8-10 cm and filled up with fresh concrete, compacted and
finished. All the above operations shall be completed within 75 minutes/ (60
minutes in hot weather) of mixing.
12.1.9
After correcting the surface for profile but just before the concrete becomes
non-plastic, the surface shall be finished by belting, brooming and edging as
specified.
12.1.10
Where the slab is to be laid in two layers, the second layer shall be placed
within 30 minutes of compaction of the lower layer.
12.2
Control of Concrete Strength
12.2.1
The strength of concrete shall be ascertained either from cube or beam

specimens as specified. For this purpose, during the progress of work,
cube/beam samples shall be cast for testing at 7 and 28 days. Sampling and
testing shall be in accordance with IS : 1199 and 516 respectively. Frequency
of testing shall be as indicated in Table.
TABLE
S.No.
1.
2.
TEST
TEST METHOD
Workability of fresh
concrete
Concrete strength
IS : 1199
Core strength
hardened
concrete.
IS : 516
on
IS : 516
MINIMUM
DESIRABLE
FREQUENCY
One test per 10 m3
3 cube/beam samples as
specified for each age of
7days and 28 days for every
30 m2 of concrete.
2 cores for every 30 m3 of
concrete.
PSCPL
91
12.2.2
12.3
12.3.1
Acceptance of the work shall not be based on a single test result but on
statistical basis, such that the lower control limit calculated for a tolerance
level of 1 in 15 test results, shall not be lower than the specified minimum
strength. The lower control limit is given by the mean value of the set of tests
minus 1.61 times the standard deviation. The work shall be taken to meet the
specification requirements when the lower control limit is above the specified
strength. Where the above requirements are not met with or where the quality
of concrete or its compaction is suspected, the actual strength of the
hardened concrete in the pavement shall be checked as set forth.
Joints
All materials required for the joints viz., tie bars, dowel bars, expansion joint filler
boards and joint sealing compound shall be checked for specification
requirements before their incorporation in the work. The sealing compound
shall conform to IS : 1834.
Dowel bars shall be placed parallel to each other and parallel to the surface
and centre line of the pavement. The permissible tolerances in this regard shall
be:
1 mm in 100 mm for dowels of 20 mm and smaller diameters ;
0.5 mm in 100 mm for dowels of diameter greater than 20 mm.
The dowel assembly shall be firmly secured in place to prevent dislocation
during concreting. Bulkheads in pairs with tight fitting holes for dowels may be
used for this purpose.
All joints spaces and grooves shall conform to the specified lines and
dimensions.
During concreting special care shall be exercised to dowels and in the vicinity
of joints. Care shall also be taken to ensure that joints do not cause any
discontinuity in the riding surface.
At the end of the curing period before opening to traffic, the joint grooves shall
be cleaned thoroughly and sealed as specified in IRC : 57-1974. Care shall be
taken to see that the sealing compound is not heated beyond the specified
temperature.
12.4
Curing of concrete
Curing shall commence soon after the finished pavement surface can take the
weight of the wet burlap, cotton or jute mats normally employed for initial curing,
without leaving any marks thereon. The mats shall extend beyond the pavement
edges at least by 0.5 m and be constantly wetted. Initial curing shall be for 24 hours or
till the concrete is hard enough to permit labour operations without damage.
Final curing, after the removal of the mats, etc., shall be carried out by wet earth,
ponding of water or other means specified. Where water is used for curing it shall be
ensured that the entire pavement surface is kept well saturated throughout the
specified curing period. Where water is scarce or pavement is on a steep gradient,
impervious membrance curing shall be adopted as per details specified.
12.5
Checking the Quality of Hardened Concrete

Soon after the initial curing period, the surface of the hardened concrete shall be
checked for surface regularity in accordance with the procedure set forth in Chapter
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7. Surface irregularities beyond the permissible tolerances shall be rectified as

indicated in IRC : 15-1970.
Where the strength of concrete tested vide Clause 12.4 falls below the specified limits
or where the quality of concrete or its compaction is suspected, the actual strength of
the hardened concrete shall be ascertained by carrying out tests on cores cut from
the hardened concrete. Frequency of testing shall be as indicated in Table. Crushing
strength tests on cores shall be corrected for height-diameter ratio and age for
obtaining the corresponding cube strength at 28-days in accordance with the
procedure given in IRC : 15-1970. The corrected test results shall then be analysed for
conformity with the specification requirement on the lines of Clause 12.4.
12.6
Reinforcement
Reinforcing steel, where required to be provided, shall be checked for specification
requirements before incorporation in the pavement. Reinforcement shall be placed
as specified. Due care shall be taken to ensure that the reinforcement is not
displaced during concreting operations.
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13.0
ROAD WORKS
13.1
Scope
This specification deals with general specifications of road work and also excavation
for road work, preparation of sub-grade, sub-base, base and surface courses.
13.1.1 Quality Control

For check on quality of Road item, refer IRC special publication 11 "Hand book of
Quality Control for Construction of Roads and Runways".
13.2
Earth work
13.2.1 Lead :
All distances shall be measured over the shortest practical route and not
necessarily the route actually taken. Route other than shortest practical route may be
considered in cases of unavoidable circumstances and approved by the Project
Engineer.
13.2.1 Lift :
The vertical distance for removal with reference to ground level. The
excavation up to 1.5 metres depth below ground level and depositing the
excavated materials up to 1.5 metres above ground level are included in the rate of
earth work. Lifts inherent in the lead due to ground slope shall not be paid for.
13.2.3 Site Clearance
This work shall consist of cutting, removing and disposing of all materials such as trees,
bushes, shrubs, stumps, roots, grass, weeds, top organic soil not exceeding 150mm in
thickness, rubbish etc., which in the opinion of the Engineer are unsuitable for
incorporation in the works, from the area of road land containing road embankment,
drains, cross-drainage structures and such other areas as may be specified on the
drawings or by the engineer. It shall include necessary excavation, backfilling of pits
resulting from uprooting of trees and stumps to required compaction, handling,
salvaging, and disposal of cleared materials. Clearing and grubbing shall be
performed in advance of earthwork operations and in accordance with the
requirements of these Specifications.
13.2.4 Setting out and making profile
Masonry pillars shall be erected at suitable points in the area which is visible from the
largest area to serve as bench mark, for the excavation of the work. Necessary
profiles with pegs, bamboos and strings or 'Burjis' shall be made to show the correct
formation levels before the work is started.
Ground levels shall be taken at 5 to 15 metres intervals (or as directed by the
Architect) in uniformly sloping ground and at closer intervals where local mounds, pits
or undulations are met with. The ground levels shall be recorded in field books and
plotted on plans. The plans shall be drawn to a suitable scale as decided by the
Architect. These plans shall be signed by the Contractor and the Architect or his
representative before earth work is started. Labour required for taking levels shall be
supplied by the contractor at his own cost and also shall bear the cost of making
pillars for bench marks.
13.2.5 Measurements
13.2.5.1
The length, breadth and depth shall be measured correct to a cm. in

case the measurements are taken with tape. If the measurements are taken
with staff and level, the level shall be recorded correct to 5 mm and depth of
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cutting and heights of filling calculated correct to 5 mm. The cubical contents
shall be worked out to the nearest two places of decimal, in cubic meter.
13.2.5.2
Where excavation is in fairly uniform ground, the measurements of

cutting in trenches or barrow pits shall be made.
13.2.5.3
Where the ground is not fairly uniform or where the site is required to be
leveled, levels shall be taken before the start and after the completion of the
work and the quantity of excavation in cutting computed from these levels.
13.2.5.4
Sub-grade construction shall be measured separately by taking cross sections

at intervals in the original position before the work starts and after its completion
and computing the volumes of earth work in cubic meters by the method of
average end areas.
Compaction requirements for sub-grade is not less than 97 percentage of
maximum laboratory dry density as per IS:2720 (Part-8)
13.2.6
Rate
Rate for earth work shall include the following :
13.3
a)
Excavation and depositing earth as specified.
b)
Setting out works, profiles etc.
c)
Site clearance
d)
Forming (or leaving) 'Deadman' or 'Tell Tales' in barrow pits and their
removal after measurements.
e)
Bailing out or pumping out water in excavation from rains, sub soil
water etc.
f)
Protection and supporting of existing services i.e. pipe, water mains,

cables met with in the course of excavation. Care shall be taken not
to disturb electric and communication cables, removal of which, if
necessary, shall be arranged by the Architect.
g)
Initial lead of 50 M and lift up to 1.50 M.
h)
Carrying out density test as per IS: 2720 (Part-XXVIII)
SOIL STABILIZATION
The soil stabilization means the improvement of stability or bearing power of the soil
by the use of controlled compaction, proportioning and/or the addition of suitable
admixture or stabilizers.
13.3.1 METHODS OF SOIL STABILIZATION
Mechanical Stabilization
Soil Cement Stabilization
Soil Lime Stabilization
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Soil Bitumen Stabilization
Lime Fly ash Stabilization
Lime Fly ash Bound Macadam.

Here we are discussing only LIME SOIL STABILIZATION
as this method is
commonly and widely used due to its effective and economic uses. Lime as an
additive brings several beneficial changes in the Engineering properties of soil.
13.3.2 LIME TREATED SOIL FOR IMPROVED SUB-GRADE/ SUB- BASE

A pre-requisite to successful stabilization is that at the time of addition of
stabilizer, the soil should be in a reasonably pulverized state. Whereas light
textured soils are generally friable , and therefore easy to pulverize , this is not in
the case of expansive soils like black cotton soils.
13.3.3 SCOPE
This work shall consist of laying and compacting an improved sub-grade/lower subbase of soil treated with lime on prepared sub-grade in accordance with the
requirements of these Specifications and in conformity with the lines, grades and
cross-sections shown on the drawings as directed by the Engineer. Lime treatment is
generally effective for soils which contain a relatively high percentage of clay and silty
clay.
13.3.4 Materials:13.3.4.1
13.3.4.1
Soil : Except when otherwise specified, the soil used for stabilisation shall
be the local clayey soil having a plasticity index greater 8.
Lime :
Lime for lime-soil stabilization work shall be commercial dry lime slaked at site
or pre-slaked lime delivered to the site in suitable packing. Unless otherwise
permitted by the Engineer, the lime shall have purity of not less than 70 per
cent by weight of Quick-lime when tested in accordance with IS :1514. Lime
shall be properly stored to avoid prolonged exposure to the atmosphere and
consequent carbonation which would reduce its binding properties.
Quantity of lime in stabilised mix : Quantity of lime to be added as
percentage by weight of the dry soil.
The quantity of lime used shall be
related to its calcium oxide content which shall be specified. Where the lime
of different calcium oxide content is to be used, its quantity shall be suitably
adjusted the approval of the Engineer so that equivalent calcium oxide is
incorporated in the work.
The mix design shall be done to arrive at the
appropriate quantity of lime to be added, having due regard to the purity of
lime, the type of soil, the moisture-density relationship, and the design
CBR/Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) value. The laboratory CBR/UCS
value shall be at least 1.5 times the minimum field value of CBR/UCS.
13.3.4.2
Water ; The water to be used for lime stabilisation shall be clean and
free from injurious substances. Potable water shall be preferred.
13.3.5
Construction Operations.
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13.3.5.1
Weather limitations : Lime-soil stabilisation shall not be done when the air
temperature in the shade is less than 10 C.
13.3.5.2
Degree of pulverization: For lime stabilization, the soil before addition of

stabilizer, shall be pulverized using agricultural implements like disc harrows and
rotavators to the extent that it passes the requirements set out in Table below
when tested in accordance with the method described in Appendix 3.
TABLE - 13.1
SOIL PULVERIZATION REQUIREMENTS FOR LIME STABILIZATION
IS Sieve designation
minimum per cent by weight passing the IS
Sieve
26.5 mm
100
5.6 mm
80
13.3.5.3
Equipment for construction:

Stabilized soil sub-bases shall be
constructed by mix-in-place method of construction or as otherwise approved
by the Engineer. Manual mixing shall be permitted only where the width of
laying is not adequate for mechanical operations, as in small-sized jobs. The
equipment used for mix-in-place construction shall be a rotavator or similar
approved equipment capable of pulverizing and mixing the soil with additive
and water to specified degree to the full thickness of the layer being
processed, and of achieving the desired degree of mixing and uniformity of
the stabilised material.
The thickness of any layer to be stabilized shall not be less than 100 mm when
compacted. The maximum thickness shall be 200 mm, provided the plant used is
accepted by the Engineer.
13.3.5.4
Mix-in-place method of construction:

Before deploying the
equipment, the soil after it is made free of undesirable vegetation or other
deleterious matter shall be spread uniformly on the prepared sub-grade in a
quantity sufficient to achieve the desired compacted thickness of the
stabilized layer.
13.3.5.5
Construction with manual means: Manual mixing shall be permitted

only where width of laying is not adequate for mechanical operations, as
in small sized jobs.
Where manual mixing is permitted, the soil from borrow areas shall first be freed of all
vegetation and other deleterious matter and placed on the prepared sub-grade.
The soil shall then be pulverized by means of crow-bars, pick axes or other means
approved by the Engineer.
Water in requisite quantities may be sprinkled on the soil for aiding pulverization. On
the pulverized soil, the blending material(s) in requisite quantities shall be spread
uniformly and mixed thoroughly by working with spades or other similar implements
till the whole mass is uniform. After adjusting the moisture content to be within the
limits mentioned later, the mixed material shall be levelled up to the required
thickness so that it is ready to be rolled.
13.3.5.6
Addition of lime:
Lime may be mixed with the prepared
material either in slurry form or dry state at the option of the Contractor/
with the approval of the Engineer.
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Dry lime shall be prevented from blowing by adding water to the lime or
other suitable means selected by the Contractor, with the approval of the
Engineer.
It is recommended that about 50 per cent of the required concentration of lime ma
y be added prior to pulverization, and balance after to pulverization. The exact
amount of lime to be added initially could be finalised on the basis of tests for the
soaked CBR value attainable by this procedure.
In the field , the clay clods should all be broken down to 5 cm size or lower before
lime is added in the pre-pulvarisation stage.
The tops of windrowed material may be flattened or slightly trenched to receive the
lime. The distance to which lime may be spread upon the prepared material ahead
of the mixing operation shall be decided by the Engineer.
Mixing or remixing operations, regardless of equipment used, shall continue until the
material is free of any white streaks or pockets of lime and the mixture is uniform.
Non-uniformity of colour reaction, when the treated material is tested with the
standard phenolphthalein alcohol indicator, will be considered evidence of
inadequate mixing.
13.3.5.7
Moisture content for compaction: The moisture content at compaction

checked vide IS :2720 (Part 2) shall neither be less than the optimum moisture
content corresponding to IS: 2720 (Part 8) nor more than 2 per cent above it.
13.3.5.8
Rolling: Immediately after spreading, grading and leveling of the mixed

material, compaction shall be carried out with approved equipment. During
rolling the surface shall be frequently checked for grade and cross fall
(camber) and any irregularities corrected by loosening the material and
removing/ adding fresh material. Compaction shall continue until the density
achieved is at least 98 per cent of the maximum dry density for the material
determined in accordance with IS: 2720 (Part 8). Care shall be taken to see
that the compaction of lime stabilised material is completed within three hours
of its mixing or such shorter period as may be found necessary in dry weather.
During rolling it shall be ensured that roller does not bear directly on hardened
or partially hardened treated material previously laid other than what may be
necessary for achieving the specified compaction at the joint. The final surface
shall be well closed, free from movement under compaction planes, ridges,
cracks or loose material. All loose or segregated or otherwise defective areas
shall be made good to the full thickness of the layer and recompacted.
13.3.5.9
Curing: The sub-base course shall be suitably cured for a minimum period of 7
days after which subsequent pavement courses shall be laid to prevent the
surface from drying out and becoming friable. No traffic of any kind shall
ply over the completed sub-base unless permitted by the Engineer.
13.3.5.10
Measurements for Payment ; Stabilised soil sub-base shall be measured as

finished work in position in cubic metres.
13.3.5.11
Rates : The contract unit rate for the lime stabilised soil sub-base shall be
payment in full for carrying out the required operations.
Appendix 3
13.4
1.
METHOD OF SIEVING FOR WET SOILS TO DETERMINE THE DEGREE OF PULVERISATION
A sample of pulverised soil approximately 1 kg in weight should be taken and weighed
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(W1).
2.
3.
4.
It should be spread on the sieve and shaken gently, care being taken to break the lumps
of soils as little as possible. Weight of soil retained on the sieve should be recorded (W2).
Lumps of finer soils in the retained material should be broken until all the individual
particulars finer than the aperture size of the sieve are separated.
The soil should again be placed on the sieve and shaken until sieving is complete. The
retained material should be weighed (W3).
Weight of soil by per cent passing the sieve can then be calculated from the
expression:
(W1 W2) x 100
(WI W3)
13.5
SUB-GRADE
13.5.1
Preparation of sub-grade
The surface of the formation for a width of sub base, which shall be 15 cm.
more on either side of base course, shall first be cut to a depth equal to the
combined depth of sub- base, and surface courses below the proposed
finished level ( due allowance being made for consolidation ). It shall then be
cleaned of all foreign substances. Any ruts or soft yielding patches that
appear from any cause, shall be corrected and sub grade dressed off parallel
to the finished profile.
13.5.2
Consolidation
The sub grade shall be consolidated with a power road roller of 8 to 12 tonne.
The roller shall run over the sub-grade till the soil is evenly and densely
consolidated and behaves as an elastic mass ( the roller shall pass a minimum
of 5 runs on the sub-grade ). All undulations in the surface that develop due to
rolling shall be made good with material or quarry spoils as the case may be
and the sub-grade is rerolled. The compacted surface shall be got approved
from the Architect. The density to be achieved shall not be less than 97% of
the density obtained in the laboratory (Proctor Method).
13.5.3
Surface Regularity
The finished surface shall be uniform and conform to the lines, grades and
typical cross section shown in the drawings, when tested with the template
and straight edge, the variation shall be within the tolerances specified below:
TABLE - 13.2
Permissible Tolerances of Surface Evenness of Sub-Grade
Longitudinal
permissible
Crossl profile maximum permissible variation
undulation when measured with a 3 metre
profile
maximum
from specified profile when measured with a
straight edge
camber template
24 mm
15 mm
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Where the surface irregularity of the sub-grade falls outside the specified
tolerances, the contractor shall be liable to rectify these with fresh material or
quarry spoils as the case may be, and the sub-grade rerolled to the
satisfaction of Engineer-in-Charge.
13.6
SUB-BASE
13.6.1
Granular Sub-Base
13.6.1.1
Material: The material to be used for the Granular sub-base work shall
be natural sand , moorum, gravel, crushed stone, or combination thereof
depending on the grading required. The material shall be free from organic or
other deleterious constituents and conform to one of the three gradings given
in Table 13.3 below:
TABLE 13.3
GRADING FOR CLOSE GRADED GRANULAR SUB-BASE MATERIAL
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------IS Sieve
Percent
by
weight
passing
the
IS
sieve
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------Designation
Grading I
Grading II
Grading III
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------75.0 mm
100
----
-----
53.0 mm
80-100
100
-----
26.5 mm
55-90
70-100
100
9.50 mm
35-65
50-80
65-95
4.75 mm
25-55
40-65
50-80
2.36 mm
20-40
30-50
40-65
0.425 mm
10-25
15-25
20-35
0.075 mm
3-10
3-10
3-10
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------CBR value (Minimum)
30
25
20
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
13.6.1.2
Strength of sub-base : It shall be ensured prior to actual execution that

the material to be used in the sub-base satisfy the requirements of CBR and
other physical requirements when compacted and finished.
13.6.1.3
Construction Operation : Immediately prior to the laying of sub-base ,

the sub-grade already finished shall be lightly sprinkled with water. The subbase material shall then be spread with the help motor grader of adequate
capacity.
Manual mixing and laying shall be permitted only where the width of laying is
not adequate for mechanical operations, as in small jobs.
Moisture content of loose material shall be checked in accordance with IS :
2720 ( Part 2 ) and suitably adjusted by sprinkling additional water. After water
has been added , the material shall be processed by mechanical or other
approved means like disc harrows, rotavators until the layer is uniformly wet.
Immediately thereafter, rolling shall start. For compacted single layer upto 250
mm the compaction shall be done with the help of vibratory roller of 80 to 100
kN static weight . Rolling shall commence at the lower edge and proceed
towards the upper edge/camber and continued till desired density achieved
is at least 98 per cent of maximum dry density is achieved. All loose,
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segregated or otherwise defective area shall be made good to the full

thickness of layer and re-compacted.
13.6.1.4
Surface finish and Quality control of work : shall be as per clause 902 of
ministry of road transport & highways ( fourth revision ).
13.6.2
WET MIX MACADAM SUB-BASE

The WMM shall be laid in one or more layers as necessary to lines , grades and
cross-sections shown on the approved drawings or as directed by the
Engineer.
Depth of single compacted layer may be increased up to 200 mm.
13.6.2.1
Materials : Coarse aggregates shall be crushed stone. If crushed

gravel/shingle is used, not less than 90 per cent by weight of gravel/shingle
pieces retained on 4.75 mm sieve shall have at least two fractured faces. The
aggregate shall conform to the physical requirements set forth in Table below
TABLE 13.4
PHYSICAL REQUIREMENTS OF COARSE AGGREGATES FOR
WET MIX MACADAM FOR SUB-BASE/BASE COURSES
__________________________________________________________________________
Test
Test Method
Requirements
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1.
*Los Angles
IS: 2386 (part-4)
40 per cent ( Max )
*Aggregate
IS: 2386 (part-4)
30 per cent ( Max )
Impact value
or IS: 5640
Combined Flakiness and
IS: 2386 (part-1)
Abrasion value
or
2.
30 per cent ( Max )**
Elongation indices ( Total )

_____________________________________________________________________________________________
*
Aggregate may satisfy requirements of either of the two tests
** To determine this combined proportion, the flaky stone from a representative sample
should
first be separated out. Flakiness index is weight of flaky stone metal divided by weight of
stone sample. Only the elongated particles be separated out from the remaining ( nonflaky ) stone metal. Elongation index is weight of elongated particles divided by total nonflaky particles. The value of flakiness index and elongation index so found are added up.
If the water absorption value of coarse aggregate is greater than 2 per cent ,
the soundness test shall be carried out on the material to site as per IS : 2386 (
Part 5 ).
13.6.2.2
Grading requirements : The aggregates shall conform to the grading

given below in Table 13.5
TABLE 13.5
GRADING REQUIREMENTS OF AGGREGATES FOR WET MIX MACADAM
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------IS sieve Designation
Per cent by weight passing the IS Sieve
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------53.00 mm
100
45.00 mm
95-100
26.50 mm
----
22.40 mm
60-80
11.20 mm
40-60
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4.75 mm
25-40
2.36 mm
15-30
600 micron
8-22
75 micron
0-8
____________________________________________________________________________
Materials finer than 425 micron shall have Plasticity Index (PI) not exceeding 6.
The final gradation approved within these limits shall be well graded from
coarse to fine and shall not vary from the low limit on one sieve to the high limit
on the adjacent sieve or vice versa.
13.6.2.3
Construction Operations : Immediately prior to the laying of sub-base

, the sub-grade already finished shall be lightly sprinkled with water
13.6.2.4
Prepararion of mix : Mix for Wet Mix Macadam shall be prepared in an

approved mixing plant of suitable capacity having provision for controlled
addition of water and forced/positive mixing arrangement like pug mill or pan
type mixer of concrete batching plant.
Optimum moisture for mixing shall be determined in accordance with IS : 2720
( Part-8 ).
13.6.2.5
Spreading of mix : Immediately after mixing , the aggregates shall be

spread uniformly and evenly upon the sub-grade in required quantities. The
mixer be spread either by a paver or motor grader.
The surface of the aggregate shall be carefully checked with templates and
all high or low spots remedied by removing or adding aggregate as may be
required. The layer may be tested by depth blocks during construction. No
segregation of larger and fine particles should be allowed. The aggregates as
spread should be of uniform gradation with no pockets of fine materials.
13.6.2.6
Compaction : After the mix has been laid to the required thickness ,
grade and crossfall/camber the same shall be uniformly compacted, to the
full depth with suitable roller.
Rolling shall be continued till the density achieved is at least 98 per cent of
maximum dry density for the material as determined by the method outlined
in IS : 2720 ( Part 8 ).
After completion, the surface of any finished layer shall be well closed, free
from movement under compaction equipment or any compaction planes,
ridges, cracks and loose material. All loose, segregated or otherwise
defective areas shall be made good to the full thickness of the layer and
recompacted. In no case shall depressions be filled up with unmixed and
ungraded material or fines.
13.6.3
STONE SOLING SUB-BASE

The stones shall be granite, lime stone , sand stone etc. reasonably free from
laminations, foreign matter, unsound and weathered fragments and be in
clean condition. The size of stone should not be more than 22.5 cm nor less
than 10 cm. in any direction, and height equal to the soling course with
tolerance of 25 mm. After the preparation of sub-grade, stone soling shall be
laid. Care shall be taken that stones are laid on edges with longer side
perpendicular to the centre line of the road, properly hand packed, filling
interstices with spalls as the soling work proceeds, and blinding material shall
then be spread and consolidation done with power roller (8 - 10 Tons) .
Watering shall be done as the rolling proceeds and irregularities in surface
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shall be corrected. Rate shall include the cost of all materials and labour
required for all operations mentioned above.
Filler material shall be granular material having a index of not more than 6.
13.6.4
WATER BOUND MACADAM SUB-BASE

Water bound macadam sub-base with stone aggregate 90 mm to 45mm size.
This consists of clean crushed coarse aggregate mechanically interlocked by
rolling, and voids thereof filled with screening and binding material with the
assistance of water, laid on a prepared sub grade, sub base or the case may
be coarse aggregate, screening and binding material shall also satisfy physical
properties given in Appendix - A.( 13.13 )
13.6.4.1
Quantities of materials
Quantities of coarse aggregate screening and binding material required to be
stacked for 100 mm approximate compacted thickness of WBM sub base
coarse for 10 Sq.m shall be as per Table 13.4 below:
TABLE - 13.6
Coarse Aggregate
Screening
Stone screening
Crushable Type such as

moorum or gravel
Classification
Size
Loose
Grading/Classifi
For WBM
Grading
Loose
Range
Qty
-cation and size
Sub-base
Classification
Qty
Loose Qty
Grading - I
90mm to
1.21 cum
45 mm
to
Type A
0.27 cum
13.2 mm
To
1.43 cum
and size
Not uniform
0.30 to
0.32 cum
0.30 cum
TABLE 13.7
Physical Requirements of coarse Aggregate
S.No.
1.
Type of const
Test for WBM
Sub-base
Los Angles Abrasion value
Test method
Requirements
IS: 2386
( Pt. IV )
60 % max
Aggregate impact value
IS: 2386
( Pt. IV )
*50 % max
(a)
IS: 2386
( Pt. IV )
60 % max
IS: 2386
( Pt. IV )
*40 % max
or
IS: 5640***
2.
Base
or Aggregate impact value
IS: 5640***
3.
Surface
Course
(b) Flakiness Index
IS: 2386
( Pt. 1 )
(b)
IS: 2386
( Pt. IV )
40 % max
IS: 2386
( Pt. IV )
30 % max
or Aggregate impact value

(b) Flakiness Index
IS: 2386
( Pt. 1 )
** 15 % max
** 15 % max
* Aggregates may satisfy requirements of either of the two tests.

** The requirements of flakiness index shall be enforced only in case of crushed/broken stone and crushed
slag.
*** Aggregates like brick metal, kankar and laterite which get softened in presence of water , shall be
tested for impact value under wet conditions in accordance with IS : 5640
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TABLE 13.8
Grading Requirements of
Grading
Size range
coarse Aggregate
Sieve Designation
for
W.B.M.
% by weight passing the sieve
No.
1.
2.
3.
90 mm to 45 mm
125 mm
(Suitable for sub base)
90 mm
90
Courses of compacted
63 mm
25
Layer of not less than
45 mm
90 mm thickness
22.4 mm
63mm to 45 mm
90 mm
53 mm to 22.4 mm
100
100
60
15
100
63 mm
90
100
45 mm
25
75
45 mm
15
22.4 mm
63 mm
100
53 mm
95
45 mm
65
100
90
22.4 mm
10
11.2 mm
TABLE 13.9
Grading for screenings
Grading
Size of screening
Sieve Designation
% by weight passing Sieve
Classification
A
13.2 mm
13.2 mm
100
11.2 mm
95 - 100
5.6 mm
15 - 35
180 micron
B
11.2 mm
0 - 10
11.2 mm
100
5.6 mm
90 - 100
180 micron
15 - 35
The water bound macadam sub-base shall normally be constructed in layers

of 100 mm compacted thicknesses. No segregation of large or fine particles
shall be allowed and the coarse aggregate as spread shall be of uniform
gradation with no pockets of fine material.
CONSTRUCTION OPERATION :
13.6.4.2
Spreading Aggregate
The coarse aggregate shall be spread uniformly and evenly upon the
prepared sub-grade in required quantities with a twisting motion to avoid
segregation. In no case shall these be dumped in heaps directly on the area
where these are to be laid nor shall their hauling over a partly completed base
be permitted. The aggregates shall be spread uniformly to proper profile by
using templates placed across the road six metres apart. The levels along the
longitudinal direction up to which the metal shall be laid, shall be first obtained
at site to the satisfaction of the Project Engineer /Architect and these shall be
adhered to.
The surface of the aggregate spread shall be carefully trued up and all high or
low spots remedied by removing or adding aggregate as may be required.
PSCPL
104
The WBM sub-base shall be normally constructed in layers of 100 mm

compacted thicknesses. No segregation of large or fine particles shall be
allowed and the coarse aggregate as spread shall be of uniform gradation
with no pockets of fine material.
13.6.4.3
Rolling
Immediately following the spreading of the coarse aggregate, it shall be
compacted to the full width by rolling with either a three-wheel-power-roller of
8 to 10 tonnes capacity or an equivalent vibratory roller. Initially, light rolling is
to be done, which shall be discontinued when the aggregate is partially
compacted with sufficient void space in them to permit application of
screenings.
The rolling shall begin from the edges with the roller running forward and
backward and adding the screenings simultaneously until the edges have
been firmly compacted. The roller shall then progress gradually from the
edges to the centre, parallel to the centre line of the road and overlapping
uniformly each preceding rear wheel track by one half width and shall
continue until the entire area of the course has been rolled by the rear wheel.
Rolling shall continue until the road metal is thoroughly keyed with no creeping
of metal ahead of the roller. Only slight sprinkling of water may be done
during rolling, if required. On super elevated curves, the rolling shall proceed
from the lower edge and progress gradually continuing towards the upper
edge of the pavement.
Rolling shall not be done when the sub grade is soft or yielding or when the
rolling causes a wave like motion in the sub-base or sub-grade. When rolling
develops irregularities that exceed 12 mm when tested with a three meter
straight edge, the irregular surface shall be loosened and then aggregate
added to or removed from it as required and the area rolled until it gives a
uniform surface conforming to the desired cross-section and grade. The
surface shall also be checked transversely by template for camber and any
irregularities corrected in the manner described above. In no case shall the
use of screenings to make up depressions be permitted.
13.6.4.4
Test for finding if the compaction has been fully done is:
Rolling shall be continued till the density achieved is atleast 98% of the
maximum dry density for the material.
13.6.4.5
Application of Screenings
After the coarse aggregate has been lightly rolled to the required true surface,
screenings shall be applied gradually over the surface to completely fill the
interstices. Dry rolling shall be continued while the screenings are being spread
so that the jarring effect of the roller causes them to settle in to the voids of the
coarse aggregates. The screenings shall not be dumped in piles on the coarse
aggregate but shall be spread uniformly in successive thin layers either by the
spreading motion of the hand, shovels or a mechanical spreader.
The screenings shall be applied at a slow rate (in three or more applications) so
as to ensure filling of all voids. Rolling and brooming shall continue with the
spreading of the screenings. Either mechanical brooms or hand brooms or
both may be used. In no case shall be screenings be applied, so fast and thick
as to form cakes, ridges on the surface making the filling of voids difficult or to
prevent the direct bearing of the roller on the coarse aggregates. The
spreading, rolling and brooming of screenings shall be performed on sections
PSCPL
105
which can be completed within one days' operation of the coarse aggregate.
Damp and wet screenings shall not be used under any circumstances.
13.6.4.6
Sprinkling and Grouting

After spreading the screening and rolling the surface shall be copiously
sprinkled with water, swept and rolled. Hand brooms shall be used to seep the
wet screening in to the voids and to distribute them evenly. the sprinkling,
sweeping and rolling operations shall be continued and additional screenings
applied where necessary until the coarse aggregates are well bonded and
firmly set for the entire depth and until a grout has been formed of screening
and water that will fill all voids and form a wave of grout ahead of the wheels
of the roller. The quantity of water to be used during the construction shall not
be excessive so as to cause damage to the sub-base or sub-grade.
13.6.4.7
Application of binding materials

After the application of screenings and rolling, a suitable binding materials
shall be applied at a uniform and slow rate in two or more successive thin
layers. After each application of binding material, the surface shall be
copiously sprinkled with water and the resulting slurry swept in with hand
brooms or mechanical brooms or both so as to fill the voids properly. The
surface shall then be rolled by a 8 - 10 tonne roller, water being applied to the
wheels in order to wash down the binding material that may get stuck to the
wheels. The spreading of binding material, sprinkling of water, sweeping with
brooms and rolling shall continue until the slurry that is formed will, after filling
the voids form a wave ahead of wheels of the moving roller.
13.6.4.8
Setting and Drying

After final compaction of the course, the road shall be allowed to cure
overnight. Next morning defective spots shall be filled with screenings or
binding material, lightly sprinkled with water, if necessary and rolled. No traffic
shall be allowed till the macadam sets.
13.6.4.9
Surface evenness
The surface evenness of completed WBM sub-base in the longitudinal and
transverse directions shall be as specified below:
TABLE - 13.10
Size of coarse
aggregate
45
90mm
Longitudinal Profile
Cross Profile
Maximum
permissible
undulation
when
measured with a 3 Mtr.
straight edge.
15mm
Maximum
permissible
undulation when measured
with a camber template.
12mm
The longitudinal profile shall be checked with a 3 Mtr. long straight edge at the
middle of each traffic lane along a line parallel to the centre line of the road.
The transverse profile shall be checked with a series of three camber boards at
intervals of 10 metres.
13.6.4.10
Rectification of defective construction

Where the surface irregularity of the WBM sub-base course exceeds the
tolerances specified in Table 13.3 or where the course is otherwise defective
PSCPL
106
due to sub-grade soil mixing with the aggregates, the layer to its full thickness
shall be scarified over the affected area, reshaped with added material or
removed and replaced with fresh material as applicable, and recompacted.
The area treated in the aforesaid manner shall not be less than 10 Sqm. In no
case shall depressions be filled up with screenings and binding materials.
13.7
BASE COURSE
13.7.1
WBM BASE COURSE : Shall be Same WBM SUB-BASE item 13.4.4 except size
of coarse aggregate, which shall be 63 mm to 45 mm size in this case.
13.7.1.1
Quantities of coarse aggregate and screening required for 75mm
approximate compacted thickness of WBM base coarse for 10 Sqm shall be as
specified below in Table - 13.11 Screenings shall conform to the grading set
forth in Table 400-8 (MOST)
TABLE - 13.11
Course
Classification
Aggregate
Size Range
Grading
2
-Do-
63 mm to
45 mm
-Do-
Grading
3
53 mm to
22.4 mm
Loose
Qty
0.91 to
1.07 cum
-Do-Do-
Stone
Grading
Classification & size
Type A
13.2 mm
Type B
11.2 mm
-Do-
Screenings
Screening
For WBM
Base course
0.12 to
0.15 cum
0.20 to
0.22 cum
0.18 to
0.21 cum
Crushable
Moorum
Type such
or gravel
Grading
Classificati
on & size
Not
uniform
-Do-
Loose Qty
0.22 to
0.24 Cum
-Do-
-Do-
-Do-
Application of binding materials may not be necessary when the screenings

used are crushable type such as moorum or gravel.
The binding material to be used in WBM shall comprise of suitable material
having PI value less than 6.
13.7.1.2
Construction process :- Construction process for WBM base course is

the same as for
WBM sub-base except that it should be constructed in
layers of 75 mm thick (compacted ).
13.7.1.3
Measurements
The length and breadth shall be taken to the nearest centimeter and thickness
to the nearest half centimeter. The consolidated cubical contents shall be
calculated in cubic metres correct to two places of decimals. The quantity
shall be the same as the net quantity of the aggregates in stacks used in the
work.
13.7.4
Rate
The rate shall include the cost of all labour and materials involved in all the
operations described above.
13.8
PREMIX CARPET WITH HOT BITUMEN

The treatment consists of applying a tack coat on the prepared base followed
immediately by spreading aggregates precoated with specified binder to
camber and consolidated. Premix carpet shall not be laid during rainy
weather or when the atmospheric temperature in the shade is 160C or below.
PSCPL
107
13.8.1
Aggregates
The aggregates shall consist of angular fragments and the clean, hard, tough,
demolish and of uniform quality throughout. They shall be crushed rock and
should be free of elongated or flaky pieces, soft and disintegrated material,
vegetable or other deleterious matter. The aggregate shall also satisfy the
following properties :
TABLE - 13.12
S.No
1.
2.
3.
4.
Property
Abrasion value using los angles
machine or aggregate impact value
Flakiness index
Stripping value
Water absorption
Value
Max. 35%
Method of Test
IS:2386(Part-IV)
Max. 30%
Max. 25%
Max. 2%
IS:2386(Part-I)
IS:6241
(Part-II
The aggregate shall be dry and heated to a temperature in the range of 1550
- 1630C. before these are placed in the mixer. After about 15 seconds of dry
mixing, the heated binder shall be distributed over the aggregates at the rate
specified. At no time shall be difference in temperature between the
aggregate and the binder exceeds 140C.
The mixing of binder with chipping shall be continued until the chipping are
thoroughly coated with the binder. The mix shall be immediately transported
from the mixer to the point of use or suitable vehicles or wheel barrows. The
vehicles employed for transport shall be clean and be covered over in transit if
so directed. The temperature of mix at the time of laying shall be in the range
of 1210 - 1630C.
13.8.2
Quantities of materials shall be as given in Table below. A proper record shall
be kept to ensure daily out turn of work is co-related with the quantity of
bitumen used.
TABLE - 13.13
Consolidate
d Thickness
13.8.3
Binder hot bitumen
2.00 cm.
Tack coat
(Kg./Sqm)
1.00
2.50 cm.
4.00 cm.
1.00
1.00
Carpet
52 Kg./Cum of 12.5mm
size and 56 Kg./Cum of
10mm size stone chipping
- Do- Do-
Stone chipping
Cum/100 Sq.m
12.5mm 10mm size
1.80
0.90
2.25
3.60
1.12
1.80
Binder
The binder shall be straight run bitumen of penetration grade 80/100
complying with IS: 73 - 1961.
13.8.4
Preparation of surface and cleaning

Prior to the application of the binder, all dust, dirt, caked mud, animal dung,
loose and foreign material etc. shall be removed 30 cm. on either side, beyond
PSCPL
108
the full width to be treated. For water bound macadam surface, the
interstices between the road metal shall be exposed up to a depth of 10 mm
by means of wire brushes. The surface shall then be brushed clean. The traces
of fine dust shall be thoroughly removed from the surface by blowing air or by
blowing with gunny bags.
13.8.5
Applying tack coat

The binder shall be heated in a boiler to a temperature shall be in the range of
1600C - 1770C and maintained at that temperature. The use of thermometer
is essential.
The binder shall be applied evenly by means of pressure sprayer at the
specified rate and longitudinally along the length of the road and across it.
The edges of binder shall be defined by wire or rope. Excessive deposits of
binder cause by stopping or stirring of sprayer or any other reason shall be
suitable corrected.
13.8.6
Preparation of premix
The aggregate shall be dry and suitably heated to temperature as directed by
Architect before these are placed in the mixer to facilitate mixing with the
binder.
Mixers of approved type shall be employed for mixing the aggregate with the
bituminous binder.
The binder shall be heated to the temperature in the range of 1550 - 1770C. in
boilers of suitable design avoiding local overheating and ensuring a
continuous supply.
13.8.7
Spreading and Rolling

The premixed material shall be spread on the road surface with rakes to the
required thickness and camber or distributed evenly with the help of a drag
spreader, without any undue loss of time. The camber shall be checked by
means of camber boards and inequalities evened out. As soon as sufficient
length of bituminous material has been laid, rolling shall commence with 6 to 9
tonne power rollers, preferably of smooth wheel tandem type, or other
approved plant. Rolling shall begin at the edges and progress towards the
centre longitudinally. Except on the super elevated portions rolling shall
progress from the lower to upper edge, parallel to the centre line of the
pavement. The consolidated thickness shall in no place be less than the
specified thickness by more than 25%.
When the roller has passed over the whole area once, any high spots or
depressions which become apparent shall be corrected by removing or
adding premixed materials. Rolling shall then be continued until the entire
surface has been rolled to compaction and all the roller marks eliminated. In
each pass of the roller, preceding track shall be overlapped uniformly by at
least 1/3 width. The roller wheels shall be kept damp to prevent the premix
from adhering to the wheels and being picked up. In no case shall
fuel/lubricating oil be used for this purpose.
Rollers shall not stand on newly laid material as it may get deformed thereby.
The edges along and transverse of the carpet, laid and compacted earlier
shall be cut to their full depth so as to expose fresh surface which shall be
painted with a thin surface coat of appropriate binder before the new mix is
placed against it.
PSCPL
109
Further, the prepared finished surface shall be protected from traffic for 24
hours or such period as may be specified by the Architect.
13.8.8
Surface finishing
The surface regularity both in longitudinal and transverse directions shall be
within the tolerances specified in Table below :
TABLE - 13.14
Longitudinal Profile
Max. permissible undulations to
when measured with 3 M.
straight edge.
10 mm
Cross profile
Max. permissible variation from
specified profile when
measured with a camber
template
6 mm
The longitudinal profile shall be checked during rolling with a three metres long
straight edge at the middle of each traffic lane along the road. Similarly the
transverse profile shall be checked with a set of three camber boards at
intervals of 10 metres.
13.8.9
Rectification
Where the surface irregularity falls outside the specified tolerances the
contractor shall be liable to rectify it to the satisfaction of Engineer-in-Charge
by adding fresh material and recompacting to specifications where the
surface is low. Where the surface is high the full depth of the layer shall be
removed and replaced with fresh material and compacted to specifications.
13.8.10
Measurements
The length and width of the finished work shall be measured correct to a cm.
along the finished surface of the road. the area shall be calculated in square
meter, correct to two places of decimal.
For record purposes, the measurement for binder and stone chipping shall be
taken before they are actually used on the work. Pre-measurements of
materials taken for record purposes shall simply serve as a guide and shall not
from the basis for payment.
13.8.11
Compaction test for carpet

The degree of compaction achieved after rolling at sill shall be determined by
taking out cores from finished surface at random places. Any other method
approved by the Architect may also be used. The density of these field core
samples shall be determined. For one field density test, a minimum of three
samples for every 500 sqm. of compacted surface or less shall tested. The work
shall be accepted as satisfactory and full payment shall be made if the
average field density of every set of samples is not less than 98% of the
laboratory density. In case of work yielding a density less than 98% but higher
than 95% payment for the quality represented by the field density test shall be
made at a reduced rate worked out in the proportion that the actual field
density bears to the designed laboratory density.
In case the field density is less than 95% of the laboratory density, further rolling
shall be done to improve the density. If the final density achieved is still less
than 95% of the laboratory density, the work is liable to be rejected at the
PSCPL
110
discretion of the Architect. If such work is not rejected payment shall be made
at such reduced rate as may be fixed by the Architect.
13.8.12
Rate
The rate shall include the cost of materials and labour involved in all the
operations described above for the particular item.
13.9
Seal Coat
Immediately after laying the carpet, the seal coat should be applied.
13.9.1
Medium coarse sand/or stone dust with fineness modules of more than 2.50
should be used for seal coat @ 0.6 Cum. per 100 Sqm.
13.9.2
Paving asphalt grade 80/100 should be used for seal coat.
13.9.3
Fine aggregate and paving asphalt heated and mixed as explained under
premix carpet and lightly rubbed.
13.9.4
Surface finish shall be checked as per 13.1.1.
13.10
CONCRETE PAVEMENTS
13.10.1
Processing and Construction
13.10.1.1
Weather and Seasonal Limitations

Unless special precautions as specified are taken, concreting shall not be done
during extreme weather conditions, e.g., during monsoon months, and when
atmospheric temperature in shade is above 40 0C or below 40C. For
guidelines for construction of cement concrete pavements in hot weather,
reference may be made to IRC : 61-1976.
13.10.2
Preparation of base
The base to receive the cement concrete shall be checked for line, grade and
cross-section as spelt out in Table 13.10 . All irregularities beyond the
permitted tolerances shall be rectified as specified.
Where concrete is to be laid over an absorbent surface, the latter shall be kept
moist in saturated surface dry condition or covered over by a water-proof
kraft/Polyethylene sheeting as specified so as to prevent absorption of water
from the concrete mortar.
13.10.3
Fixing of formwork
The formwork shall be of correct shape, free from bends and kinks and
sufficiently rigid to maintain its shape and position under the weight and
working conditions of the laying and compacting equipment, It shall be set to
true lines and levels and securely fixed in position to prevent any subsequent
disturbance during compaction. Trueness of the formwork from the specified
profile shall be checked and any deviation greater than 3mm in 3m rectified.
No deviation shall, however, be permitted at the joints.
PSCPL
111
13.10.4
Manufacture and Placement of Concrete

Shall be carried out as specified in 'Concrete Work section.
13.10.5
Adequate surcharges of concrete shall be given over the desired finished

level. The amount of surcharge shall be determined in the field by actual trial.
The surcharge shall be uniform over the entire area and the concrete as
spread shall be to the same camber and slope as the required finished
surface.
13.10.6
The concrete shall be compacted fully using vibrating screeds and/or internal
vibrators as specified. The vibrating screeds and internal vibrators shall
conform to IS :2506 and IS:2505 respectively. Compaction shall be so
controlled as to prevent excess mortar and water working on to the top due to
over vibration.
13.10.7
During compaction, any low or high spots shall be made up by adding or

removing concrete.
13.10.8
After longitudinal floating has been completed but while concrete is still
plastic, the slab surface shall be tested for trueness with a 3m straight edge in
accordance with the procedure set forth in Chapter 7. Any depressions or
high spots showing departure from the true surface shall be immediately
rectified. High spots shall be cut down and refinished. Depressions shall be
enlarged to about 8-10 cm and filled up with fresh concrete, compacted and
finished. All the above operations shall be completed within 75 minutes/ (60
minutes in hot weather) of mixing.
13.10.9
After correcting the surface for profile but just before the concrete becomes
non-plastic, the surface shall be finished by belting, brooming and edging as
specified.
13.10.10
Where the slab is to be laid in two layers, the second layer shall be placed
within 30 minutes of compaction of the lower layer.
13.10.11
Control of Concrete Strength
13.10.12
The strength of concrete shall be ascertained either from cube or beam

specimens as specified. For this purpose, during the progress of work,
cube/beam samples shall be cast for testing at 7 and 28 days. Sampling and
testing shall be in accordance with IS : 1199 and 516 respectively. Frequency
of testing shall be as indicated in Table.
TABLE - 13.15
S.
No.
1.
2.
3
TEST
Workability of fresh
concrete
Concrete strength
Core strength on
hardened
concrete.
TEST
METHOD
IS : 1199
IS : 516
IS : 516
MINIMUM DESIRABLE FREQUENCY

One test per 10 m3
3 cube/beam samples as specified
for each age of 7days and 28 days
for every 30 m2 of concrete.
2 cores for every 30 m3 of concrete.
PSCPL
112
13.10.13
Acceptance of the work shall not be based on a single test result but on
statistical basis, such that the lower control limit calculated for a tolerance
level of 1 in 15 test results, shall not be lower than the specified minimum
strength. The lower control limit is given by the mean value of the set of tests
minus 1.61 times the standard deviation. The work shall be taken to meet the
specification requirements when the lower control limit is above the specified
strength. Where the above requirements are not met with or where the quality
of concrete or its compaction is suspected, the actual strength of the
hardened concrete in the pavement shall be checked as set forth.
13.10.14
Joints
13.10.15
All materials required for the joints viz., tie bars, dowel bars, expansion joint filler
boards and joint sealing compound shall be checked for specification
requirements before their incorporation in the work. The sealing compound
shall conform to IS : 1834.
Dowel bars shall be placed parallel to each other and parallel to the surface
and centre line of the pavement. The permissible tolerances in this regard shall
be:
1 mm in 100 mm for dowels of 20 mm and smaller
diameters ;
0.5 mm in 100 mm for dowels of diameter greater than 20 mm.

The dowel assembly shall be firmly secured in place to prevent dislocation
during concreting. Bulkheads in pairs with tight fitting holes for dowels may be
used for this purpose.
All joints spaces and grooves shall conform to the specified lines and
dimensions.
During concreting special care shall be exercised to dowels and in the vicinity
of joints. Care shall also be taken to ensure that joints do not cause any
discontinuity in the riding surface.
At the end of the curing period before opening to traffic, the joint grooves shall
be cleaned thoroughly and sealed as specified in IRC : 57-1974. Care shall be
taken to see that the sealing compound is not heated beyond the specified
temperature.
13.10.16
Curing of concrete
Curing shall commence soon after the finished pavement surface can take
the weight of the wet burlap, cotton or jute mats normally employed for initial
curing, without leaving any marks thereon. The mats shall extend beyond the
pavement edges at least by 0.5 m and be constantly wetted. Initial curing
shall be for 24 hours or till the concrete is hard enough to permit labour
operations without damage.
Final curing, after the removal of the mats, etc., shall be carried out by wet
earth, ponding of water or other means specified. Where water is used for
curing it shall be ensured that the entire pavement surface is kept well
saturated throughout the specified curing period. Where water is scarce or
pavement is on a steep gradient, impervious membrance curing shall be
adopted as per details specified.
PSCPL
113
13.10.17
Checking the Quality of Hardened Concrete

Soon after the initial curing period, the surface of the hardened concrete shall
be checked for surface regularity in accordance with the procedure set forth
in Chapter 7. Surface irregularities beyond the permissible tolerances shall be
rectified as indicated in IRC : 15-1970.
Where the strength of concrete tested vide Clause 13.8.4. falls below the
specified limits or where the quality of concrete or its compaction is suspected,
the actual strength of the hardened concrete shall be ascertained by carrying
out tests on cores cut from the hardened concrete. Frequency of testing shall
be as indicated in Table. Crushing strength tests on cores shall be corrected
for height-diameter ratio and age for obtaining the corresponding cube
strength at 28-days in accordance with the procedure given in IRC : 15-1970.
The corrected test results shall then be analysed for conformity with the
specification requirement on the lines of Clause 13.8.4.
13.10.18
Reinforcement
Reinforcing steel, where required to be provided, shall be checked for
specification requirements before incorporation in the pavement.
Reinforcement shall be placed as specified. Due care shall be taken to ensure
that the reinforcement is not displaced during concreting operations.
13.11
Permanent Traffic Signs

Permanent traffic signs, direction and place identification signs shall be
located wherever directed by the Architect according to his drawings or
direction.
13.12
Speed Breakers
Where ever directed speed breakers shall be provided as per IS code
/drawing/direction of the Architect.
13.13
Kerbs and Channels stones

Kerbs and channels shall be either cast in situ or precast as shown on the
drawings. These kerbs shall be laid on a prepared foundation of concrete as
given in item and packed with a triangular section haunch of concrete mix
1:4:8. The kerbs shall be jointed at every 1 M. and painted to follow road
marking.
The kerbs to be fitted 15 mm (Av.) raised from finished carriage way level or as
shown on the drawing.
13.14
Marking of Road and Traffic Boards

The contractor shall mark all roads and parking areas with road marking paint
as shown on the drawings.
PSCPL
114
14.0
14.1
PILING WORKS
Concrete
MATERIALS
Cement
Cement used shall be ordinary Portland cement type conforming to IS, Specification
No. 8112.
Sand
The sand to be used for concrete shall be river or pit sand free from any clay, loam or
vegetable matter and shall conform to IS: 383-1970 (with latest revisions). The sand
shall be screened or washed in clean water if necessary, as directed by the
consultants.
Aggregate
The aggregate for the work shall be crushed granite stone and shall conform to IS :
383-1970 (with latest revisions). It shall be regular and with sharp corners and well
graded. The aggregate shall be clean and free from clay, loam or vegetable matter
and will be of the gauge specified. Aggregate shall be stored and hatched in
different grade and no two grades shall be mixed together without the knowledge of
the Consultant. The several grades of aggregate shall be stored separately and
handled so as to avoid intrusion of any foreign materials. Where two types of
aggregates are stored close to each other they shall be separated by a wall or plate.
All aggregate sent to the mixer shall have the approved aggregate gradation.
Water
Water used for mixing concrete shall be potable and not contain any impurities such
as oil, acids, salts, etc. those which are likely to have an adversr effect on cement.
Whenever called for, the contractor shall produce test results for the mixing water
being used on the job.
14.2
Steel Reinforcement
Steel reinforcement shall be either mild steel of tested quality conforming to IS : 4321982 or high yield strength deformed bars with guaranteed minimum yield strength of
4200 Kg. Per Sq.cm. conforming to IS : 1139-1966 (revised) as called for on drawings.
Fabrics reinforcement in topping slabs or precise concrete, units shall be of hard
drawn mild steel wire mesh (IRC weldmesh or other equivalent approved). Bars shall
be free from mill scale, excessive rust, oil or paint.
After the reinforcement is placed in position, it shall be inspected by the consultants
before it is covered up. Fabrication shall be accurately done to the dimensions,
spacing and minimum cover as per structural drawings.
All steel shall be rigidly held in place with 18 gauge annealed steel wire. Cement
mortar (1:2) cubes, MS chairs and spacer bars shall be used in order to ensure
PSCPL
115
accurate positioning of including 16 mm dia shall be overlapped. The lengths of

overlap for tension and compression joints shall be as indicated on the structural
drawings. Joints in mild steel reinforcement above 16 mm diameter may be welded if
permitted by the consultant in writing. However, no welding of the deformed bars will
be permitted.
14.3
Batching
In the case of ordinary concrete, aggregate shall be measured by volume, cement
by weight (density of cement assumed to be 1.44 litre, a 50 Kg. Bag contains 35 litres).
Mixing water shall be measured in graduated litres cans. Contractor shall provide
steel measuring boxes of specified volume for batching concrete.
14.4
Mixing
Materials for concrete shall be emptied out in rotation in to the mixer as directed by
the consultant or his representative. After all other ingradients are in the drum, water
shall be added in measured quantities in the manner specified. The mixer shall be run
at a working speed to be decided in consultation with the consultants, or his
representative. The mixer shall run for atleast 1.5 minutes after the full quantity or
water has been placed in the drum. The mixing and tempering of cement mortar or
concrete which has partially set will not be allowed.
14.5
Strength Requirement of Concrete

Depending on the mix of concrete specified the minimum strength of concrete
required shall be as per IS :
456 1978 (Third revision)
14.6
Test Samples and Acceptability Criteria

For both preliminary testing as well as day to day work cube testing, the number of
test specimens required, the frequency of sampling and the criteria for acceptance of
a concrete as deforming to the specified grade shall be in accordance with IS : 4561978 (III Revision), Clause 5.1.1 (Table 2) except that the minimum compressive
strength for each grade concrete shall be as provided in Clause 11.5 of this
specification (i.e. as per IS : 456-1978). For preliminary mix, both 7 days as well as 28
days strength of concrete shall be tested.
The cubes shall be made, cured, stored, transported and tested in accordance with IS
: 516-1959 and IS : 1199 1959. The test shall be carried out in the laboratory
approved by the Consultant. Whenever there is a significant change in the quantity
of any of the ingradients for concrete. The consultant may at his discretion order the
carrying out of fresh preliminary trial mixes. All costs for trial mixes and tests shall be
paid by the contractor without any extra cost of the employer. Before commencing
the works the contractor shall submit to the Consultant for approval full details of all
preliminary trials mixes and tests.
14.7
Placing, Vibration etc.,

The method employed for placement of concrete in the piles shall as per IS :n 2911 (
Part III ) 1980. Concrete after being placed in Grade Beams, pile caps etc., shall be
consolidated by power driven vibrators, the use of which shall be compulsory.
14.8
Curing
Curing of concrete shall commence immediately after stripping of forms, and shall be
continued for a period of not less than 14 days reckoned from the date of
completion of concreteing.
PSCPL
116
14.9
Approval before Concreting

No concreting shall be carried out by the contractor until the consultant or his
representative has inspected form work and reinforcement and certified in writing that
concreting may proceed. Any concrete poured without such prior written approval
shall be cut out and removed by the contractor at his own cost.
14.10
Pile Foundations
The general specifications under concrete and Reinforcement Steel shall apply to this
section also.
Soil investigation at site has already been conducted, report of which is available for
study / inspection in our offices. The important data is also indicated on the drawings.
The contractor should however ascertain for himself the soil strata while quoting for this
tender. No extra payment due to deviation on soil strata shall be ascertained.
The contractor shall carry out a TRAIL PILE as per clause 2.18 of IS : 2911 ( III 1980 , and
inform the consultants the test results.
All workmanship, methods, tests and performance in connection with piling work shall
be the same described in IS : 2911 ( Part III) 1980.
14.11
Pile Tests
The load test on piles shall be carried out in accordance with IS : 2911 ( Part III) 1980.
The number of pile tests to be carried out shall be decided by the Consultants.
14.12
Contractors Rate to Include

i)
ii)
iii)
iv)
Rate quoted for the items of piling shall include for boring under reaming to
2.5 times the shaft diameter at required depths, providing and laying concrete
of specified mix, specified length of concrete shaft and placing reinforcement
as shown in the drawings.
Rates quoted shall include for all necessary equipments and machinery like
boring guide assembly, cutting tool, auger, concreting funnel, reciprocating
type of pump, swivel etc., for completing the piling work to the satisfaction of
the Consultant. The rate for testing shall include for all necessary plant and
tools noted in IS : 2911 ( Part III) - 1980.
Reinforcement to extend for 1 meter above the top of pile for incorporating in
the pile cap/beams or as shown in the drawings.
Contractor shall cut all excess concrete above specified level at his own cost.
The rates quoted shall also be inclusive of removal of debris, slurry, excavated
earth etc., and making good the area as before the commencement of piling
work.
The responsibility regarding the soundness of construction will rest with the
contractor even if the work is actually carried out by approved Sub
Contractor. In case of any deficiency being observed at any stage, the
contractor shall rectify the same without any extra cost to the Employer.
PSCPL
117
LIST OF BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS (B.I.S.) CODES
The materials and workmanship shall be in accordance with the requirement of the
appropriate BIS code wherever applicable together with any building regulations or bye-laws
governing the works.
The following list is indicative and not exhaustive and the omission of any BIS code from the list
does not relieve the contractor from compliance and doing the job as per the acceptable
standards and the professional norms.
IS 1200
IS 8112
IS 3812, 1981
IS 2386
IS 516
:
:
Mode of measurement.
Ordinary portland cement 43 Grade.
Flyash for use as pozzolana and admixtures,
Method of test for aggregate for concrete.
Method of test for strength of concrete
Coarse and fine aggregate from natural sources for concrete.
Method of test for strength of Bricks.
:
:
IS 1077, 1986
IS 456 2000
IS 1597
IS 1597 PART 1
IS 6313 PART 2
:
:
:
:
IS : 210
IS : 226
IS : 800
:
:
:
IS : 806
IS : 813
IS : 814
IS : 816
:
:
:
IS : 822
IS : 961
IS : 1024
:
:
IS : 1030
IS : 1120
IS : 1161
IS : 1182
:
:
:
:
IS : 1363
Structural Steel (High Tensile)

Code of Practice for Use of Welding in Bridges and Structures Subject
To Dynamic Loading
Carbon Steel Casting for General Engineering Purposes
Coach Screws
Steel Tubes for Structural Purposes
Recommended Practice for Radiographic Examination of Fusion
Welded Butt joints in Steel Plates
Black Hexagon Bolts, Nuts and Lock Nuts and Black Hexagon Screws
IS : 1365
Slotted Countersunk Screws
IS : 1367
Technical Supply Conditions for Threaded Fasteners
IS : 1915
IS : 2016
:
:
Code of Practice for Steel Bridges

Plain Washers
Code of practice for plain and reinforced concrete.

Code of practice for construction of stone masonry.
Code of practice for construction of rubble stone masonry.
Anti-termite measures in buildings, pre-constructional chemical
treatment measures.
Grey Iron Castings
Structural Steel (Standard Quality)
Code of Practice for Use of Structural Steel in General Building
Construction
Code of Practice for Use of Steel Tubes in General Building
Construction
Scheme of Symbols for Welding
Covered Electrodes for Metal Arc Welding of (part I & II) Structural Steel
Code of Practice for Use of Metal Arc Welding for General
Construction in Mild Steel
Code of Practice for Inspection of Welds
PSCPL
118
IS : 2062
Structural Steel (Fusion Welding quality)
IS : 3757
IS : 5624
IS : 3063
:
:
:
Specification for High Tensile Friction Grip Bolts

Specification for Foundation Bolts
Single Coil Rectangular Section Sprint Washers for Bolts, Nuts and Screws
IS : 3443
IS : 3600
:
:
IS : 4923
Crane Rail Sections

Code of Practice for Testing of Fusion Welded (part I) joints and Weld
Metal in Steel
Hollow Steel Sections for Structural Use
IS : 6227
IS : 801
:
:
IS : 811
IS : 823
IS : 1024
IS : 1261
IS : 1323
:
:
:
:
:
IS : 383
IS : 2645
:
:
IS : 7193
IS : 8112
:
:
IS : 12118
IS : 13826
IS: 4926
:
:
Code of Practice for Use of Metal Arc Welding in Tabular Structure

Code of Practice for Use of Cold Formed Light Gauge Steel Structural
Members in General Building Construction
Specifications for Cold Formed Light Gauge Structural Steel Sections.
Procedure Coat for Metal Arc Welding of Mild Steel
Code of Practice for Welding of Structure Subject To Dynamic Loading
Code of Practice for Seam Welding in Mild Steel
Code of Practice for Oxy Acetylene Welding for Structure Work in Mild
Steel.
Code of Practice for specification for coarse sand.
Code of Practice for specification for integral cement water proofing
compound.
Code of Practice for specification for glass fibre base bitumen felt.
Code of Practice for specification for 43 grade ordinary Portland
cement.
Code of Practice for specification for two part polysulphide based
cement.
Code of Practice for method of test for water proofing.
Code of Practice for Ready Mix Concrete.
PSCPL
119
LIST OF SPECIALIST FIRMS

WATERPROOFING TREATMENT
1.
Nina Industries, Pune.

Contact Person: Mr. Vinod Kandari-9717249977
Mr.Shiraj
Phone No. 020-27440618
Mobile No.09822000214
2.
The India Waterproofing Co.

Contact Person: Mr. P.D.Gadve
Phone no.022-22873462
Mobile No. 09322102600
3.
Cico technologies Ltd.

Contact Person: Mr.Nayar/Mr.Anad
Phone No.022-27811913
Fax No.022-27811926
Mobile No. 09867801691/0983327331
4.
M/s Roofer Combine

Grover Mansion
4th Floor
3/17 Asaf Ali Road, New Delhi
Phone : 3262416, 6284256
5.
M/s Overseas Waterproofing Co.

A-45, Hauzkhas
New Delhi-110016
Phone : 6563655
Fax : 6863449
6.
M/s Structural Waterproofing Co. Ltd.

406, Deepali 92, Nehru Place
New Delhi-110019
Phone : 6435432, 6445680
7.
M/s Implex International Inc.

E-46, Lajpat Nagar-III
New Delhi-110024
Phone : 6835741
8.
Trimurti waterproofing Co.

Matruchhaya 304 V S Mg Dadar
Dadar West, Mumbai, 400028
+91 22 24455221
9.
Mehra Waterproofing
C/31 Gajanan Hsg Society
Mahim, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400016
+91 22 24461732
PSCPL
120
LIST OF PEST CONTROL CONTRACTOR

1.
M/s Pest Killer

1743, Chitranjan Park
New Delhi-110019.
Contact Person : Mr.B.D.Gupta
Phone- 9868145033, 26272101
2.
M/s Pest Control Consultant Services

Unit No.4, Mayfair Garden Market
Hauz Khas
New Delhi-110016.
Phone-6850128
Fax-6863100
3.
M/s Indo Asia Pest Control

E-161/1, G.L.House
Gautam Nagar
Green Park
New Delhi-110049.
Phone-6517220/6524023
4.
M/s Pest Control India Pvt. Ltd.

7, Jantar Mantar Road
New Delhi-110001
Phone-3368768-70/72, Fax-3368771
5.
M/s Pest Out Services

B-164, Chhattarpur Enclave
P.O. Maidan Ghari
New Delhi-110068
Phone-6302004 (O), 6892302/6896485 (R)
Fax-6301964
6.
M/s Indian Farm Services

294, Sant Nagar
East of Kailash, New Delhi
Phone-6445229 / 6422502
7.
Reliable Pest Control, PUNE

Phone. No. 020-25881315
EPOXY FLOORING / PAINTING APPLICATOR

1.
M/s G.K.Technochem Pvt. Ltd.

325, Ziya Sarai
New Delhi
Contact Persong : Mr.O.P.Gaur
Phone : No. 9810068097, 26857588
PSCPL
121
LIST OF APPROVED MAKES OF MATERIALS

1.
Grey Cement (OPC, 43 grade)
Birla/Ultratech/ACC/JK
2.
Reinforcement Steel
SAIL/TISCO/Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Ltd. (

RINL) / Rathi Ispat
3.
Structural Steel
TATA STEEL, SAIL/RINL/Jindal/ Rathi
4.
Chloropyriphos
5.
Steel Windows
Raymus, ASC, Parry, NCL
6.
Flush Door
Jawahar,Alhada,BhutanTuff/Green Flush
Door/Mayurply/Kitply/Duroply/Alpro
7.
8.
Commercial Ply
Commercial Board
Green Ply/Kitply/Duroply/Mayurply
Green Board (Premium)/Mayurply /Kitply/
Duroply/ Alpro/Jyoti Board
9.
Cement bonded board
`BISON' by NCL
10.
Medium density board
DuraTuff
11.
Laminate
Formica, Decolam,
Greenlam, Euro
12.
Laminated Board
NOVAPAN/CPL Glunz /Bhutan Board /

Greenlam
13.
Block Board
Duro, Kitply,Alpro, Jyotiply, Greenlam
14
Ironite
Walia International / Firasite / Heatley

Gresham, 28, Barakhamba Road, New
Delhi
15.
Terrazzo Tile
Modern/Nitco/Hindustan Tiles
16.
Metal deck
Rajendra Alloy Ltd.
17.
White Glazed Tiles
Johnson Make /Kajaria / Somani
18.
Window Glass
Pilkington/Modi float/Saint Gobain /Asahi
19.
Float Glass
Pilkington/Modi float/Saint Gobain /Asahi
20.
Aluminium Sections
Hindalco, Indian Aluminium Co., Ltd.

(INDAL) /Jindal
21.
Antistatic Floor
PIDILITE/Krishna Vinyl/ Armstrong
22.
Mortice lock & latch Hinges hardware -
Godrej /Acme/Secur/Paladium/Earl Bihar
23.
Door Closer
Everite / Door King
24.
Aluminium Hardware Fittings
Classic / Argent (ISI)
25.
P.V.C.Pipes
Polypack / Kisan / Supreme / Finolex
26.
Polysulphide sealant
Nina Concrete/Pidilite / Choksey / STP
Pyramid-By Montari Industries,

78, Nehru Place, New Delhi.
Tel : 11-26447680
Fax : 11-26466784
PSCPL
122
Sundek,
Merino,
27.
Wax Polish
Mansion
28.
Paints
Asian Paints / ICI / Nerolac /Berger
29.
Water proof cement paint
Snocem India Ltd
30.
Water proofing compound
Nina Concrete/PIDILITE/CICO / STP
31.
Textured Finish
Spectrum / Heritage / Unitile
32.
Bitumen Impregnated Board
Shalitex / STP
33.
PVC water bars/railing
Tiger / Deep Jyoti
34.
Fire Retardant paint
Viper / Promet/FOSROC
35.
Acid Resistant Tile
Restile / Pelican
36.
Fibre glass insulation
U.P. TWIGA Fire glass Limited
37.
Duratex
B.Kay Insulations
41/1- Km Mathura Road,
Kaily, Ballabhgrah (Haryana),
Phone 8215021
38.
Ceramic Tile
Kajaria / Nitco / Somani
39.
Construction Chemicals
FOSROC /Fibrex/ MBT/Pidilite/STP
40.
Tile Grouts
Pidilite/Laticrete / STP/Bombay
41.
Sealant Silicone / Polysulphide
Fibrex/G.E./Pidilite/FOSROC/STP
42.
Epoxy over flooring
BASF/ FOSROC/Fibrex /MBT/STP/Pidilite
43.
Waterproofing Membrane Bitumen Based
Grace/BASF/Nina concrete/Pidilite/STP
44.
Non Shrink Grouts
Pidilite/FOSROC/MBT/CICO/ACC
45.
Floor Hardeners
Nina Concrete/FOSROC/MBT/Pidilite
46.
Bitumen
STP/Mathura Oil Refinery
47.
Impregnated Fibre Board
STP
48.
Joint Filler & Bitumen Products
Nina Concrete/STP
49.
Waterproofing Membrane
50.
Adhesive
Nina Concrete/Pidilite/Super Thermolay

(STP) /Grace/BASF/ Multiplas
Fevicol Marine/Fevicol SWR (Pidilite)
Note: In the List of recommended above, out of makes mentioned in the list, only 1st make
shall be quoted for and used. However if due to non-availability or any other technical
reasons, the alternative make is allowed, it shall be subject to price adjustment.
PSCPL
123

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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION

CARPENTERY AND JOINERY

LIST OF BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS (B.I.S.) CODES

LIST OF SPECIALIST FIRMS

LIST OF PEST CONTROL CONTRACTORS

LIST OF APPROVED MAKE OF MATERIALS

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR CIVIL WORK

POTENTIAL SEMAC CONSULTANTS PVT. LTD.

Setting out the work

Cleaning up and handing over

POTENTIAL SEMAC CONSULTANTS PVT. LTD.

Written guarantee and certificates.

POTENTIAL SEMAC CONSULTANTS PVT. LTD.

The contractor shall furnish to the Architect/Project Manager, a detailed

The whole of the building/structures that are to be demolished shall be

POTENTIAL SEMAC CONSULTANTS PVT. LTD.

Hard dense soil

POTENTIAL SEMAC CONSULTANTS PVT. LTD.

Shingle and river or nallah bed boulders.

Hard rock (requiring blasting) :

Authority for classification of Soils/Rocks

Shoring/Earth work support

POTENTIAL SEMAC CONSULTANTS PVT. LTD.

Contractor to keep excavation clear

POTENTIAL SEMAC CONSULTANTS PVT. LTD.

Surplus excavated materials and all excavated materials rejected for

Where excavation is in trenches or from borrow pits in a firmly uniform ground,

Wherever rock excavation is encountered, contractor will be paid only up to

Excavation in all Soils

POTENTIAL SEMAC CONSULTANTS PVT. LTD.

Pre-construction Anti-termite treatment

Chemicals are available in concentrated form in the market and concentration is

POTENTIAL SEMAC CONSULTANTS PVT. LTD.

Treatment for masonry foundation and basements

Treatment to backfill earth

Treatment for RCC foundations and basements

Treatment of top surface of plinth filling

Treatment at junction of walls and floor

POTENTIAL SEMAC CONSULTANTS PVT. LTD.

Treatment to soil along external perimeter of building

Treatment for walls retaining soil above floor level

Treatment of soil under apron along external perimeter of building

Treatment of soil surrounding pipes, wastes and conduits

Treatment for expansion joints

POTENTIAL SEMAC CONSULTANTS PVT. LTD.

POTENTIAL SEMAC CONSULTANTS PVT. LTD.

Manufacturers' Test Certificates for Cement

POTENTIAL SEMAC CONSULTANTS PVT. LTD.

List of Cement Manufacturer

Birla/Ultratech/ACC/JK/Gujarat Ambuja/Vikram/J.P. cement

Materials used as aggregates shall be obtained from a source known to

POTENTIAL SEMAC CONSULTANTS PVT. LTD.

Bars shall be free from rust at joints to be welded.

POTENTIAL SEMAC CONSULTANTS PVT. LTD.

Grades and Strength Requirements of Concrete

Maximum slump in mm.

POTENTIAL SEMAC CONSULTANTS PVT. LTD.

Batching and Mixing

POTENTIAL SEMAC CONSULTANTS PVT. LTD.