Affiliated to GGSIP University & Govt.

of NCT of Delhi
A grade NAAC Accredited Institution

BBA

Semester 1st

Submitted By: UTKARSH TIRKEY

Roll NO: Section: C
Branch: BBA

S u b m i t t e d t o : M r. S u d e e p G a u t a m

2016

[Type here]

[Type here]

S.no

INDEX
Practical Name

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

INTRODUCTION ON COMPUTER
TYPES OF COMPUTER
INTRODUCTION ON MS WORD
INTRODUCTION ON WINDOW TOOLS
PPT
TIME TABLE
MARKSHEET
SALES SHEET

Page No

[Type here]

INTRODUCTION ON COMPUTER

A computer is a general-purpose device that can be programmed to carry out a set

of arithmetic or logical operations automatically. Since a sequence of operations can be readily
changed, the computer can solve more than one kind of problem.
Conventionally, a computer consists of at least one processing element, typically a central
processing unit (CPU), and some form of memory. The processing element carries out arithmetic
and logic operations, and a sequencing and control unit can change the order of operations in
response to stored information. Peripheral devices allow information to be retrieved from an
external source, and the result of operations saved and retrieved.
Mechanical analog computers started appearing in the first century and were later used in the
medieval era for astronomical calculations. In World War II, mechanical analog computers were
used for specialized military applications such as calculating torpedo aiming. During this time
the first electronic digital computers were developed. Originally they were the size of a large
room, consuming as much power as several hundred modern personal computers (PCs).
Modern computers based on integrated circuits are millions to billions of times more capable
than the early machines, and occupy a fraction of the space. Computers are small enough to fit
into mobile devices, and mobile computers can be powered by small batteries. Personal
computers in their various forms are icons of the Information Age and are what most people
consider as computers. However, the embedded computers found in many devices from MP3
players to fighter aircraft and from electronic toys to industrial robots are the most numerous.

[Type here]

OUTPUT DEVICE

The means through which computer gives output are known as output devices.some of the output
devices are

Monitor
Printer
Projector
Sound card
Speaker
Video card

INPUT DEVICE

[Type here]

When unprocessed data goes to computer with the help of input devices and get output after the
data has been processed.the input devices may be hand operated or automated. The act of
processing is mainly regulated by CPU.Hand operated input devices are

Concept keyboard

Track Ball

Joysticks

Digital Camera

Microphone

Touch Screen

Video Digital

Scanner

Graphic Tablet

Keyboard

Mouse

[Type here]

UNITS OF COMPUTER
1. ARTHIMETIC UNIT
2. CONTROL UNIT
3. MEMORY UNIT

ARTHIMETIC UNIT
The ALU is capable of performing two classes of operations: arithmetic and logic.
The set of arithmetic operations that a particular ALU supports may be limited to addition and
subtraction, or might include multiplication, division, trigonometry functions such as sine,
cosine, etc., and square roots. Some can only operate on whole numbers (integers) whilst others
use floating point to represent real numbers, albeit with limited precision. However, any
computer that is capable of performing just the simplest operations can be programmed to break
down the more complex operations into simple steps that it can perform. Therefore, any
computer can be programmed to perform any arithmetic operationalthough it will take more
time to do so if its ALU does not directly support the operation. An ALU may also compare
numbers and return boolean truth values (true or false) depending on whether one is equal to,
greater than or less than the other (is 64 greater than 65?).
Logic operations involve Boolean logic: AND, OR, XOR and NOT. These can be useful for
creating complicated conditional statements and processing boolean logic.
Superscalar computers may contain multiple ALUs, allowing them to process several instructions
simultaneously.[64] Graphicprocessors and computers with SIMD and MIMDfeatures often
contain ALUs that can perform arithmetic on vectors and matrices.

CONTROL UNIT
The control unit (often called a control system or central controller) manages the computer's
various components; it reads and interprets (decodes) the program instructions, transforming
them into control signals that activate other parts of the computer.Control systems in advanced
computers may change the order of execution of some instructions to improve performance.

[Type here]

A key component common to all CPUs is the program counter, a special memory cell (a register)
that keeps track of which location in memory the next instruction is to be read from.

CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (CPU)

The control unit, ALU, and registers are collectively known as a central processing unit (CPU).
Early CPUs were composed of many separate components but since the mid-1970s CPUs have
typically been constructed on a single integrated circuit called a microprocessor.

MEMORY
A computer's memory can be viewed as a list of cells into which numbers can be placed or read.
Each cell has a numbered address and can store a single number. The computer can be
instructed to put the number 123 into the cell numbered 1357 or to add the number that is in
cell 1357 to the number that is in cell 2468 and put the answer into cell 1595. The information
stored in memory may represent practically anything. Letters, numbers, even computer
instructions can be placed into memory with equal ease. Since the CPU does not differentiate
between different types of information, it is the software's responsibility to give significance to
what the memory sees as nothing but a series of numbers.
In almost all modern computers, each memory cell is set up to store binary numbers in groups of
eight bits (called a byte). Each byte is able to represent 256 different numbers (2^8 = 256); either
from 0 to 255 or 128 to +127. To store larger numbers, several consecutive bytes may be used
(typically, two, four or eight). When negative numbers are required, they are usually stored
in two's complementnotation. Other arrangements are possible, but are usually not seen outside
of specialized applications or historical contexts. A computer can store any kind of information
in memory if it can be represented numerically. Modern computers have billions or even trillions
of bytes of memory.

[Type here]

TYPES OF COMPUTER

1. ANALOG COMPUTER
2. DIGITAL COMPUTER
3. HYBRID

ANALOG COMPUTER
An analog computer is a form of computer that uses the continuously changeable aspects of
physical phenomena such as electrical, mechanical, or hydraulic quantities to model the problem
being solved. In contrast, digital computers represent varying quantities symbolically, as their
numerical values change. As an analog computer does not use discrete values, but rather
continuous values, processes cannot be reliably repeated with exact equivalence, as they can
with Turing machines. Analog computers do not suffer from the quantization inherent in digital
computers, but are limited instead by analog noise.
Analog computers were widely used in scientific and industrial applications where digital
computers of the time lacked sufficient performance. Analog computers can have a very wide
range of complexity. Slide rules and nomographs are the simplest, while naval gunfire control
computers and large hybrid digital/analog computers were among the most complicated.
[1]
Systems for process control and protective used analog computation to perform control and
protective functions.

[Type here]

DIGITAL COMPUTER
Digital computer, any of a class of devices capable of solving problems by processing
information in discrete form. It operates on data, including magnitudes, letters, and symbols, that
are expressed in binary formi.e., using only the two digits 0 and 1. By counting, comparing,
and manipulating these digits or their combinations according to a set of instructions held in its
memory, a digital computer can perform such tasks as to control industrial processes and regulate
the operations of machines; analyze and organize vast amounts of business data; and simulate the
behaviour of dynamic systems (e.g., global weather patterns and chemical reactions) in scientific
research.
There are four types of digital computer :1.
2.
3.
4.

SUPER COMPUTER
MAINFRAME COMPUTER
MICRO COMPUTER
MINI COMPUTER

SUPER COMPUTER
The most powerful computers in terms of performance and data processing are the
Supercomputers. These are specialized and task specific computers used by large organizations.
These computers are used for research and exploration purposes, like NASA uses
supercomputers for launching space shuttles, controlling them and for space exploration purpose.

Mainframe computer
Although Mainframes are not as powerful as supercomputers, but certainly they are quite
expensive nonetheless, and many large firms & government organizations uses Mainframes to
run their business operations. The Mainframe computers can be accommodated in large airconditioned rooms because of its size. Super-computers are the fastest computers with large data
storage capacity, Mainframes can also process & store large amount of data. Banks educational
institutions & insurance companies use mainframe computers to store data about their customers,
students & insurance policy holders.

[Type here]

Minicomputer
Minicomputers are used by small businesses & firms. Minicomputers are also called as
Midrange Computers. These are small machines and can be accommodated on a disk with not
as processing and data storage capabilities as super-computers & Mainframes. These computers
are not designed for a single user. Individual departments of a large company or organizations
use Mini-computers for specific purposes. For example, a production department can use Minicomputers for monitoring certain production process.

Microcomputer
Desktop computers, laptops, personal digital assistant (PDA), tablets & smartphones are all types
of microcomputers. The micro-computers are widely used & the fastest growing computers.
These computers are the cheapest among the other three types of computers. The Microcomputers are specially designed for general usage like entertainment, education and work
purposes. Well known manufacturers of Micro-computer are Dell, Apple, Samsung, Sony &
Toshiba.
Desktop computers, Gaming consoles, Sound & Navigation system of a car, Netbooks,
Notebooks, PDAs, Tablet PCs, Smartphones, Calculators are all type of Microcomputers.

[Type here]

HYBRID COMPUTER
Hybrid
computers are
computers
that
exhibit
features
of analog
computers and digital computers. The digital component normally serves as the controller and
provides logical and numerical operations, while the analog component often serves as a solver
of differential equations and other mathematically complex equations. The HRS-100 was a
prominent example in the 1970s. Late in the 20th century, hybrids dwindled with the increasing
capabilities of digital computers including digital signal processors.[1]
In general, analog computers are extraordinarily fast, since they can solve most mathematically
complex equations at the rate at which a signal traverses the circuit, which is generally an
appreciable fraction of the speed of light. On the other hand, the precision of analog computers is
not good; they are limited to three, or at most, four digits of precision.
Digital computers can be built to take the solution of equations to almost unlimited precision, but
quite slowly compared to analog computers. Generally, complex mathematical equations are
approximated using iterative methods which take huge numbers of iterations, depending on how
good the initial "guess" at the final value is and how much precision is desired. (This initial guess
is known as the numerical "seed".) For many real-time operations in the 20th century,
such digitalcalculations were too slow to be of much use (e.g., for very high frequency phased
array radars or for weather calculations), but the precision of an analog computer is insufficient.
Hybrid computers can be used to obtain a very good but relatively imprecise 'seed' value, using
an analog computer front-end, which is then fed into a digital computer iterative process to
achieve the final desired degree of precision. With a three or four digit, highly accurate
numerical seed, the total digital computation time to reach the desired precision is dramatically
reduced, since many fewer iterations are required. One of the main technical problems to be
overcome in hybrid computers is minimizing digital-computer noise in analog computing
elements and grounding systems.

[Type here]

Microsoft Word
Microsoft Word is a word processor developed by Microsoft. It was first released in 1983 under
the name Multi-Tool Word for Xenix systems. Subsequent versions were later written for several
other platforms including IBM PCs running DOS (1983), Apple Macintosh running Mac OS
(1985), AT&T Unix PC (1985), Atari ST (1988), OS/2 (1989), Microsoft Windows (1989) and
SCO Unix (1994). Commercial versions of Word are licensed as a standalone product or as a
component of Microsoft Office, Windows RT or the discontinued Microsoft Works suite.
Microsoft Word Viewer and Office Online are Freeware editions of Word with limited features.

Tools
Adding an Equation Editor Tool

If you use the Equation Editor a lot in creating your documents, you'll benefit by making sure it
is accessible as quickly as possible. Here's how to add it to a toolbar so you can get at it right
away.

Auto Creation of an Acronym List

If you use a lot of acronyms in your documents, you may want a quick way to compile those
acronyms and their definitions into an appendix. This tip provides several different approaches
you can use to creating just such a helpful addition to your document.

Automatic Scrolling

Spend a lot of time scrolling around in your document? You might find one of Word's hidden
scrolling commands to be a nice navigational feature.

[Type here]

Automatic Sound Clips

Want to add some sound to your documents? It's easy. What isn't so easy is configuring a sound
clip to play whenever a document is opened. Here are some ways you can accomplish this task.

Automatically Saving Versions

The versioning feature in Word can be very handy as you develop your documents. Here's how to
set it up so that a new version is saved every time you close the document.

AutoText Entries Don't Stick

AutoText can be a great tool, but it is of little worth if you can't get Word to remember the
AutoText entries you create. This tip examines some of the things you can check out if your
AutoText entries disappear each time you restart the program.

Breaking a Document Link

[Type here]

Word allows you to link external information into your documents. If you no longer need to
maintain the active link, you can easily break the link by just a mouse click or two.

Can't Place Merge Field in Header Of a Catalog Merge Document

Word can perform several different types of mail merge operations, and the type you choose can
affect how you are able to use merge fields in the merge document. This tip explains how catalog
merges are different from other types of merges, and how that affects placing merge fields in a
header or footer.

Changing an AutoShape

There have been times when I've reviewed my writing and found lots of "lone letters," detached
by a single space from the words to which they belong. Word, however, didn't mark these lone
letters as spelling errors. Here's why, along with how you can approach this problem. Got an
AutoShape you previously added to a document, buy you now want to change to a different
shape? You can change AutoShapes at will, using the techniques described in this tip.

Changing between English Variants

What is the easiest way to switch between English spelling variants in a document? This tip
examines a couple of ways you can handle the desired conversion.

[Type here]

Changing Document Links

If your document contains links to information in other documents, you can modify the source
document that is linked to without actually getting rid of the link. This is done by using the Links
dialog box, as described in this tip.

Changing Label Printing Order

If you want to change the order in which labels are printed when doing a mail
emerge, Word doesn't provide many options. This tip examines some ideas on how you can
change the printing order to match your needs.

Changing the Office Assistant

How to change the Office Assistant character in Word.

Changing to UK English

Understanding how Word uses the Language settings.

[Type here]

Checking for Commonly Confused Words

Word will check your document for Commonly Confused words to ensure the proper verbiage is
used.

Comparing Document Versions

Do you need to compare two versions of a document to each other? Word provides a tool that can
make this easy, as described in this tip.

Converting a Text Box to a Frame

These days, most people using Word know what text boxes are but have no idea about frames.
Yet, for some purposes, frames are a better choice. This tip focuses on how to convert an existing
text box into a frame.

Correcting Student Papers

If you are a teacher, you may be looking for ways you can use Word's features to correct papers
your students send to you electronically. Word provides a wealth of features that can be used
toward this end.

[Type here]

Counting Characters in Text Boxes

When you do a word count, the value that is returned does not include any text contained in text
boxes. This may not be a significant problem, unless you have a large amount of text in those
boxes. This tip discusses ways you can deal with this issue.

Creating a Quick Letter

Word provides a handy wizard that is helpful in creating basic letters quickly and easily. This tip
discusses the Letter Wizard and how you can use it.

Creating an Executive Summary

Word includes an "executive summary" tool that allows you to automatically summarize a
document. This tool provides a great starting place for creating almost any summary.

Creating Labels

Using Word to create and print labels is a snap. All you need to do is provide the text you want
on the labels, pick a type of label, and then format the text to best fit the label you chose. This tip
shows how to do it all, step by step.

[Type here]

Curving Text Around the Edge of a CD

Word works great with text, but not so great if you need to do some specialized things with the
text, such as printing it on a curve. This tip discusses some of the options you can follow when
trying to print text on CD and DVD labels.

Deleting an Old Document Version

Word allows you to maintain different versions of the same document all within a single
document file. Here's how to delete an old version of your document if you've taken advantage of
this feature.

Disappearing AutoText Entries

Some detective work on disappearing AutoText entries in Word.

Displaying Quick Document Statistics

[Type here]

Need to see how many pages, words, paragraphs, or lines are in your document? Word makes it
easy to retrieve such information.

Embedding an Excel Worksheet

Word and Excel are both integral parts of Microsoft's Office suite of applications. As such, Word
allows you to embed worksheet information directly in your documents. Here's how.

Equation Editor Font Color

If you want to change the color used by the Equation Editor, you may be out of luck. In fact, the
best solution may be to upgrade to MathType, instead.

Filtering a Discussion

See exactly what you want to see during your Discussion.

Finding Changes by Editor

[Type here]

Creating a Macro to find changes made by different editors.

Fonts in WordArt

Want to make sure that people can view your WordArt as you intended? Then you'll want to
make sure that you follow these font tips.

Getting Rid of Blank Labels in a Filtered Merge

If you are filtering a mail merge in Excel, and you get blank labels in the printout in Word,
chances are good that something is going wrong. (Filtering should suppress those blank labels.)
This tip provides some guidance on what you should look for in your merge document to get the
desired results.

Getting Rid of the Office Assistant

How to turn off the Office Assistant in Word.

Handling Long Lines in Address Labels

When you print address labels, you only have a limited amount of horizontal space for each line
of the label. If your labels have too much to fit in the available space, you need to start thinking
about how you will handle the lines that run over.

[Type here]

Hiding Smart Tags

If you don't want to see Smart Tags displayed in your document, you can instruct Word to hide
them. Here's how to make the simple configuration change to turn them off.

Ignoring Punctuation in Names

If you have a word that includes punctuation as part of the word itself, then you may be
frustrated by how Word treats that word when checking spelling and grammar. Here's how you
can get Word to ignore the punctuation.

Importing AutoCorrect Entries

The AutoCorrect feature in Word is quite handy, but getting a lot of entries into the feature can be
tedious. This tip provides a macro that will allow you to enter entries quite a bit faster.

Inconsistent Adding of Words to a Custom Dictionary

Custom dictionaries are a great way to adapt the spelling and grammar checkers to your needs. If
you find that Word isn't adding words to the custom dictionaries consistently, here's some things
you can check to correct the situation.

[Type here]

Inserting a Sound File in Your Document

Got an audio file you want to insert in your document? It's easy to do when you use the Object
dialog box, as described in this tip.

Locking the Position of Tools

Don't want your toolbar tools to move around on you? You might think you are out of luck, but
here is a way you can make sure that all of your tools are displayed all of the time.

Merging Only a Date from Access

When you are merging data from an Access database, you may get more information than you
want, especially when it comes to times and dates. There are two potential solutions to this
problem, both of which are detailed in this tip.

Only Showing Readability Statistics

Perform a grammar check, and Word displays some statistics that represent an analysis of your
words. By writing a macro you can access these statistics and display whatever part of them you
want.

[Type here]

Pop-up Windows in Word

Want to add a small pop-up window over a word in your document? There is no way to do this
directly in Word, but you can use the Web features of the program to simulate such a feature.

Printing a Discussion

There are times you may have to work offline. Here is how to print out your discussion.

Quickly Accessing Spelling and Grammar Options

You can change the way Word handles spelling and grammar checks through the menus. But
there is a quicker way to access the dialog box where you set your preferences. This tip will save
you valuable time when making simple changes to this feature.

Recovering Corrupt Document Files with StarOffice

A possibility to try if you have a corrupt document.

[Type here]

Refreshing the Discussion

To keep up with the Discussion, you will need to refresh the comments to make sure you are inthe-know.

Removing All Bookmarks

Need to get rid of a lot of bookmarks all at once? Word doesn't provide a way to do it, but you
can use the short macro in this tip to accomplish the task.

Setting the AutoRecover Directory

When you are using Word, it normally saves temporary AutoRecover files that reflect the latest
state of your document. If you want these AutoRecover files to be stored in a certain place, you
can configure Word to make that specification.

Sharing AutoText Entries in a Network

[Type here]

Creating AutoText entries can be a great way to improve your productivity with Word. At some
point you may want to share those entries with others. Here are some ideas on how you can do
the sharing.

Small Red Dots under Addresses

Does your document have all sorts of different colored underlines on it? Tracking down what
most of them are can be easy, but what are those red or purple dots that appear under some
things? This tip explains not only what they are but how to get rid of them.

Specifying Sub-entries in an AutoMark File

An AutoMark file allows you to quickly and easily create an index from a document. This can be
a great boon for large documents. This tip explains more fully what an AutoMark file is, how to
use the file, and how it should be put together.

Starting a Discussion

Tips for getting your Discussion started.

[Type here]

Stopping Smart Tags from Being Saved

Don't want Smart Tag information saved with your document? It's easy to make sure that Word
doesn't save it, as described in this tip.

Turning Off Spell Checking

For some documents, you may not want spell checking turned on. There are two ways that you
can turn it off, depending on whether you want to affect the entire document or only a portion of
one. This tip covers both methods.

Understanding Discussions

Discussions in a valuable tool for workplace collaboration on the same Word document.

Understanding the Organizer

The Organizer is a great tool for, well, organizing the information stored in your templates. This
tip introduces the Organizer, gives an overview of what it can do, and provides information on
how to display this handy tool.

[Type here]

Updating Document Links

If you establish dynamic links between documents, then you can force Word to update those
links whenever you want. How you do the update depends on the version of Word you are using,
as described in this tip.

Using Mail Merge to Complete Documents

Mail merge can be used to put together groups of documents that rely on common information.
This tip shows how mail merge could be used to make your document generation easier.

Using the Discussion Pane

Tips for using the Discussion pane during a Discussion session.

Using the Organizer to Manage AutoText

There are times you need to move your AutoText entries from one template or document to
another. Use Organizer to do this with ease.

Using the Organizer to Manage Macros

[Type here]

There may come a time when you want to copy or rename macros. You can do this quite easily
by using the Organizer tool provided by Word.

Using the Organizer to Manage Styles

One of the things that the Organizer is great at doing is managing styles. You can use it to move
them between templates and documents, rename them, or delete them. This tip shows how.

Using the Organizer to Manage Toolbars

The Organizer is a great tool for managing different elements that can be stored in documents
and templates. This tip shows how you can use the Organizer to manage toolbars.

Using the Reviewing Toolbar

The Reviewing toolbar is a handy location for many of the tools often used by editors when
working on a document. Here's an overview of which tools are available and what they do.

Versions Not Saving Correctly

[Type here]

If you use Word's versioning tool, you may notice that you sometimes get errors with the
versions in your documents. This is not uncommon in large, complex documents, as explained in
this tip.

Vertically Centering Labels

Want the text printed on your labels to be centered vertically? It's not that hard, and this tip
shows the easiest method.

Microsoft Windows
Microsoft Windows (or simply Windows) is a metafamily of graphical operating systems
developed, marketed, and sold by Microsoft. It consists of several families of operating systems,
each of which cater to a certain sector of the computing industry. Active Windows families

[Type here]

include Windows NT, Windows Embedded and Windows Phone; these may encompass
subfamilies, e.g. Windows Embedded Compact (Windows CE) or Windows Server. Defunct
Windows families include Windows 9x and Windows Mobile.
Microsoft introduced an operating environment named Windows on November 20, 1985, as a
graphical operating system shell for MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical
user interfaces (GUIs). Microsoft Windows came to dominate the world's personal computer
market with over 90% market share, overtaking Mac OS, which had been introduced in 1984.
However, since 2012, thanks to massive grow of smartphones, it sells less than Android, which
became the most popular operating system in 2014, when counting all of the computing
platforms Windows runs on (same as Android); in 2014, the number of Windows devices sold
were less than 25% of Android devices sold. But comparisons across different markets are not
fully relevant; and for personal computers, Windows is still the most popular operating system.
As of July 2015, the most recent version of Windows for personal computers, tablets and
smartphones is Windows 10. The most recent versions for server computers and embedded
devices are respectively Windows Server 2012 R2 and Windows Embedded 8. A specialized
version of Windows runs on the Xbox One game console.
The next server version of Windows is Windows Server 2016, which is expected to be released
in early 2016.

Windows Admin Tools

For a smooth performance of a system, periodic maintenance is necessary. Tools like Disk
Check, Disk Defragmenter, etc., help in system maintenance. It is practically impossible for
administrators to manually perform the maintenance on a regular basis.
Desktop Central provides an option to schedule these tasks at regular intervals to be executed on
multiple computers simultaneously. It allows creating multiple tasks that can be created to
execute various tools on different target computers at different intervals. Moreover, these tasks
can also be done during off hours.

Disk Defragmenter

[Type here]

Disk gets fragmented as users create and delete files and folders, download files from internet,
or install/uninstall programs. When a file or a folder is deleted from the hard disk, the space that
was occupied by it will be used to store any new files. When a file gets saved, it uses the first
contiguous free space that is large enough for the file and the remaining part of the file is saved
in the next available free space.
The fragmented disk brings down the performance of the system as it takes a long time to
retrieve the fragmented data from the disk even if the CPU or the memory is more than
sufficient. Hence, periodic disk defragmentation is necessary to keep up the performance of the
system. Desktop Central provides option to run the disk defragmenter tool on multiple machines
simultaneously. It supports the following options:

Analyze: Analyzes the volume and displays a summary of the analysis report.

Verbose: Displays the complete analysis and disk defragmentation report

Force Defragmentation: Forces disk defragmentation regardless of whether it needs to be

defragmented.

Check Disks
Disk errors related to bad sectors, cross-linked files, directory errors, etc., create problems in I/O
operations. The Check Disk tool creates a status report of the disk based on its file system.
Desktop Central supports the following options to run the check disk tool:

Verbose: Displays the name of each file in every directory as the disk is checked.

Quick Check: This option is available only for the NTFS File system. Selecting this
option will perform the check disk operation quickly by skipping the checking of cycles
within the folder structure and by performing a less vigorous check of index entries.

Disk Cleanup

[Type here]

The Disk Cleanup utility helps in determining the unused files in the disk and deletes them to
significantly increase the free space.

Wake On LAN
Wake on LAN tool remotely 'wakes-up' a machine (boots-up a machine) that is present in the
network but not alive. For this tool to work, the machine should be configured to accept the
Wake-on-LAN remote command. The Wake on LAN tool supports both manual and scheduled
waking up of systems. It can be used to boot systems accross VLANs.

Remote Shutdown
Remote Shutdown tool of Desktop Central allows Administrators to perform the following tasks
remotely:

Shutdown

Restart

Hibernate

Stand By

Lock Computers

These tasks can either be done manually or scheduled to run at specified intervals. Separate tasks
containing same or different computers can be created and scheduled to run at different intervals.
The status of each of the task is available for verification.

[Type here]

Chat
Desktop Central presents integrated chat, which makes the communication simple and efficient.
This enables collaborating communication between IT administrators and users in online, while
trouble shooting desktop issues. The auditing capability in chat helps enterprises stay compliant
with standard regulations by recording and securely archiving a copy of each chat session.

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF COMPUTER

[Type here]

A computer can process data, pictures, sound and graphics. They can solve highly complicated
problems quickly and accurately. A computer as shown in Fig. performs basically five major
computer operations or functions irrespective of their size and make. These are
1) it accepts data or instructions by way of input,
2) it stores data,
3) it can process data as required by the user,
4) it gives results in the form of output, and
5) it controls all operations inside a computer.

1. Input Unit
Computers need to receive data and instruction in order to solve any problem. Therefore we need
to input the data and instructions into the computers. The input unit consists of one or more input
devices. Keyboard is the one of the most commonly used input device. Other commonly used

[Type here]

input devices are the mouse, floppy disk drive, magnetic tape, etc. All the input devices perform
the following functions.
Accept the data and instructions from the outside world. Convert it to a form that the
computer can understand. Supply the converted data to the computer system for further
processing.

2. Storage Unit
The storage unit of the computer holds data and instructions that are entered through the input
unit, before they are processed. It preserves the intermediate and final results before these are
sent to the output devices. It also saves the data for the later use. The various storage devices of a
computer system are divided into two categories.
a) Primary Storage
Stores and provides very fast. This memory is generally used to hold the program being currently
executed in the computer, the data being received from the input unit, the intermediate and final
results of the program. The primary memory is temporary in nature. The data is lost, when the
computer is switched off. In order to store the data permanently, the data has to be transferred to
the secondary memory. The cost of the primary storage is more compared to the secondary
storage. Therefore most computers have limited primary storage capacity.
b) Secondary Storage
Secondary storage is used like an archive. It stores several programs, documents, data bases etc.
The programs that you run on the computer are first transferred to the primary memory before it
is actually run. Whenever the results are saved, again they get stored in the secondary memory.
The secondary memory is slower and cheaper than the primary memory. Some of the commonly
used secondary memory devices are Hard disk, CD, etc.

3. Memory Size
All digital computers use the binary system, i.e. 0s and 1s. Each character or a number is
represented by an 8 bit code.
The set of 8 bits is called a byte. A character occupies 1 byte space. A numeric occupies 2 byte
space. Byte is the space occupied in the memory.
The size of the primary storage is specified in KB (Kilobytes) or MB (Megabyte). One KB is
equal to 1024 bytes and one MB is equal to 1000KB. The size of the primary storage in a typical
PC usually starts at 16MB. PCs having 32 MB, 48MB, 128 MB, 256MB memory are quite
common.

4. OutputUnit
The output unit of a computer provides the information and results of a computation to outside
world. Printers, Visual Display Unit (VDU) are the commonly used output devices. Other
commonly used output devices are floppy disk drive, hard disk drive, and magnetic tape drive.

[Type here]

5. ArithmeticLogicalUnit
All calculations are performed in the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) of the computer. It also does
comparison and takes decision. The ALU can perform basic operations such as addition,
subtraction, multiplication, division, etc and does logic operations viz, >, <, =, etc. Whenever
calculations are required, the control unit transfers the data from storage unit to ALU once the
computations are done, the results are transferred to the storage unit by the control unit and then
it is send to the output unit for displaying results.

6. ControlUnit
It controls all other units in the computer. The control unit instructs the input unit, where to store
the data after receiving it from the user. It controls the flow of data and instructions from the
storage unit to ALU. It also controls the flow of results from the ALU to the storage unit. The
control unit is generally referred as the central nervous system of the computer that control and
synchronizes its working.

7. CentralProcessingUnit
The control unit and ALU of the computer are together known as the Central Processing Un

Making the slide in ppt.

[Type here]

Insert picture and graphics.

[Type here]

Insert the effects in the slide.

[Type here]

Insert the the sound.

[Type here]

TIME TABLE

[Type here]

B.COM I SEM
Period

II

II

III

IV

LUNCH

VI

Days

8.55-09.50

9.5010.45

10.4511.40

11.4012.35

12.3501.20

1.20-2.15

2.15-3.10

MON

FA

IT

MPOB

FREE

ENGLISH

IT LAB

TUE

IT

FREE

MPOB

FA

IT LAB

ENGLISH

WED

IT

MPOB

ENGLISH

IT
LAB

FA

PDP

THU

ENGLISH

FA

MPOB

IT

FREE

IT LAB

FRI

MPOB

IT

FA

FREE

ENGLISH

REMEDIAL
CLASS FA

MARKSHEET
ROLL.
NO

NAME

ENGLISH

POM

ACCOUNTS

IT

TOTAL MARKS

[Type here]
1
2
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

Shubham
Ankit
Lalit
Naresh
Mayank
Aakash
Sahil
Himansh
u
Gunjan
Jatin
Ankur

25
23
12
15
24
21
23
27

24
21
23
27
28
25
26
24

26
24
28
27
12
16
13
25

24
26
24
12
13
14
16
25

100
96
89
84
81
81
84
108

29
30
15

27
29
26

27
23
12

27
29
24

118
120
87

Makes sales book of the cars.

[Type here]

Editing the data in the sales book.

Total sales and first line is editing

[Type here]

Find out the percentage of the sales

Find out the changes

[Type here]

Adding filter in the excel sheets.

Sorting in the book.

[Type here]

Sorting AtoZ

[Type here]

Collection of data in the form of charts.

[Type here]