BC1 Handbook Amd A

Handbook to BC1: 2012
Use of Alternative Structural Steel to

BS 5950 and Eurocode 3
Amendments issued since publication
BCA 1 March 2013
Amd. No.
Date
Comments
13 March 2015
2.2.1 Added Korean Register (KR)
Whilst every effort has been made to ensure accuracy of the information contained in this design guide, the Building and
Construction Authority (BCA) makes no representations or warranty as to the completeness or accuracy thereof.
Information in this design guide is supplied on the condition that the user of this publication will make their own
determination as to the suitability for his or her purpose(s) prior to its use. The user of this publication must review and
modify as necessary the information prior to using or incorporating the information into any project or endeavour. Any risk
associated with using or relying on the information contained in the design guide shall be borne by the user. The
information in the design guide is provided on an as is basis without any warranty of any kind whatsoever or
accompanying services or support.
Nothing contained in this design guide is to be construed as a recommendation or requirement to use any policy, material,
product, process, system or application and BCA makes no representation or warranty express or implied. NO
REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE IS MADE HEREUNDER WITH RESPECT TO INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED, WARRANTIES AS TO
ACCURACY, TIMELINES, COMPLETENESS, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR
COMPLIANCE WITH A PARTICULAR DESCRIPTION OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY ARISING FROM THE COURSE
OF PERFORMANCE, COURSE OF DEALING, USAGE OF TRADE OR OTHERWISE, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT
PERMITTED BY LAW. In particular, BCA makes no warranty that the information contained in the design guide will meet
the users requirements or is error-free or that all errors in the drawings can be corrected or that the drawings will be in a
form or format required by the user.
In no event will BCA be responsible or liable for damages of any kind resulting from the use or reliance upon information or
the policies, materials, products, systems or applications to which the information refers. In addition to and notwithstanding
the foregoing, in no event shall BCA be liable for any consequential or special damages or for any loss of profits incurred
by the user or any third party in connection with or arising out of use or reliance of this design guide.
Whilst every effort has been made to ensure accuracy of the information contained in this design guide, the Building and
Construction Authority (BCA) makes no representations or warranty as to the completeness or accuracy thereof.
Information in this design guide is supplied on the condition that the user of this publication will make their own
determination as to the suitability for his or her purpose(s) prior to its use. The user of this publication must review and
modify as necessary the information prior to using or incorporating the information into any project or endeavour. Any risk
associated with using or relying on the information contained in the design guide shall be borne by the user. The
information in the design guide is provided on an as is basis without any warranty of any kind whatsoever or
accompanying services or support.
Nothing contained in this design guide is to be construed as a recommendation or requirement to use any policy, material,
product, process, system or application and BCA makes no representation or warranty express or implied. NO
REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE IS MADE HEREUNDER WITH RESPECT TO INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED, WARRANTIES AS TO
ACCURACY, TIMELINES, COMPLETENESS, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR
COMPLIANCE WITH A PARTICULAR DESCRIPTION OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY ARISING FROM THE COURSE
OF PERFORMANCE, COURSE OF DEALING, USAGE OF TRADE OR OTHERWISE, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT
PERMITTED BY LAW. In particular, BCA makes no warranty that the information contained in the design guide will meet
the users requirements or is error-free or that all errors in the drawings can be corrected or that the drawings will be in a
form or format required by the user.
In no event will BCA be responsible or liable for damages of any kind resulting from the use or reliance upon information or
the policies, materials, products, systems or applications to which the information refers. In addition to and notwithstanding
the foregoing, in no event shall BCA be liable for any consequential or special damages or for any loss of profits incurred
by the user or any third party in connection with or arising out of use or reliance of this design guide.
CONTENTS
Preface
Acknowledgement
Contents
ii
List of Tables
List of Figures
vii
1. Introduction
2. Design Procedures
2.1 Adequacy Assessment
2.1.1 Certification
2.1.2 Material Testing
2.2 Reliability Assessment
2.2.1 Factory Production Control Certification
2.2.2 Manufacturer Test Certification
2.3 Summary of Design Procedure
2.4 Alternative Procedure
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5
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6
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8
3. Design Parameters for Class 1 Steel Materials

3.1 British / European (BS EN) Steel Materials
3.2 American (ASTM and API) Steel Materials
3.3 Japanese (JIS) Steel Materials
3.4 Australian / New Zealand (AS/NZS) Steel Materials
3.5 Chinese (GB) Steel Materials
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4.1 Structural Steels
4.2 Non-Preloaded Bolts
4.3 Preloaded Bolts
4.4 Fillet Welds
4.5 Profiled Steel Sheets
4.6 Stud Shear Connectors
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6. Certified Steel Materials

6.1 Criteria for Acceptance as Certified Steel
6.1.1 Mechanical Properties
6.1.1.1 Strength
6.1.1.2 Ductility
6.1.1.3 Impact Toughness
6.1.1.4 Hardness
6.1.2 Chemical Composition
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ii
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.1.3 Dimensional and Mass Tolerances

Certified British / European Steel Materials
6.2.1 Certified British / European Steel Plates
6.2.2 Certified British / European Hot Rolled Sections
6.2.3 Certified British / European Hollow Sections
6.2.4 Certified British / European Steel for Cold Forming
6.2.5 Certified British / European Non-Preloaded Bolting Assemblies
6.2.6 Certified British / European Preloaded Bolting Assemblies
6.2.7 Certified British / European Welding Consumables
6.2.8 Certified British / European Profiled Steel Sheets
6.2.9 Certified British / European Stud Shear Connectors
6.2.10 Certified British / European Hot Rolled Steel Bars
6.2.11 Certified British / European Sheet Piling
Certified American Steel Materials
6.3.1 Certified American Steel Plates
6.3.2 Certified American Hot Rolled Sections
6.3.3 Certified American Hollow Sections
6.3.4 Certified American Steel for Cold Forming
6.3.5 Certified American Non-Preloaded Bolting Assemblies
6.3.6 Certified American Preloaded Bolting Assemblies
6.3.7 Certified American Welding Consumables
6.3.8 Certified American Profiled Steel Sheets
6.3.9 Certified American Stud Shear Connectors
6.3.10 Certified American Hot Rolled Steel Bars
6.3.11 Certified American Sheet Piling
Certified Japanese Steel Materials
6.4.1 Certified Japanese Steel Plates
6.4.2 Certified Japanese Hot Rolled Sections
6.4.3 Certified Japanese Hollow Sections
6.4.4 Certified Japanese Steel for Cold Forming
6.4.5 Certified Japanese Non-Preloaded Bolting Assemblies
6.4.6 Certified Japanese Preloaded Bolting Assemblies
6.4.7 Certified Japanese Welding Consumables
6.4.8 Certified Japanese Profiled Steel Sheets
6.4.9 Certified Japanese Stud Shear Connectors
6.4.10 Certified Japanese Hot Rolled Steel Bars
6.4.11 Certified Japanese Sheet Piling
Certified Australian / New Zealand Steel Materials
6.5.1 Certified Australian / New Zealand Steel Plates
6.5.2 Certified Australian / New Zealand Hot Rolled Sections
6.5.3 Certified Australian / New Zealand Hollow Sections
6.5.4 Certified Australian / New Zealand Steel for Cold Forming
6.5.5 Certified Australian / New Zealand Non-Preloaded Bolting Assemblies
6.5.6 Certified Australian / New Zealand Preloaded Bolting Assemblies
6.5.7 Certified Australian / New Zealand Welding Consumables
6.5.8 Certified Australian / New Zealand Profiled Steel Sheets
iii
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6.5.9 Certified Australian / New Zealand Stud Shear Connectors

6.5.10 Certified Australian / New Zealand Hot Rolled Steel Bars
6.5.11 Certified Australian / New Zealand Sheet Piling
6.6 Certified Chinese Steel Materials
6.6.1 Certified Chinese Steel Plates
6.6.2 Certified Chinese Hot Rolled Sections
6.6.3 Certified Chinese Hollow Sections
6.6.4 Certified Chinese Steel for Cold Forming
6.6.5 Certified Chinese Non-Preloaded Bolting Assemblies
6.6.6 Certified Chinese Preloaded Bolting Assemblies
6.6.7 Certified Chinese Welding Consumables
6.6.8 Certified Chinese Profiled Steel Sheets
6.6.9 Certified Chinese Stud Shear Connectors
6.6.10 Certified Chinese Hot Rolled Steel Bars
6.6.11 Certified Chinese Sheet Piling
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7. Non-Certified Steel Materials

7.1 Non-Certified British / European Steel Materials
7.2 Non-Certified American Steel Materials
7.3 Non-Certified Japanese Steel Materials
7.4 Non-Certified Australian / New Zealand Steel Materials
7.5 Non-Certified Chinese Steel Materials
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8. Reusability of Steel Materials

8.1 Quality Assessment
8.1.1 Manufacturer Test Certificate and Factory Production Control
Certificate
8.1.2 Certification
8.2 Reusability Assessment
8.3 In-House Quality Assurance System
8.4 Summary of Design Procedure for Re-used Steel
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iv
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41
42
LIST OF TABLES
Table 2.1
Summary of Adequacy Assessment and Reliability Assessment
Table 2.2
Implementation of Certification and Material Testing
Table 2.3
Mandatory test results to be indicated on Manufacturer Test Certificate
Table 2.4
Implementation of Factory Production Control Certification and

Manufacturer Test Certification
Table 2.5
Actions to be taken by QPs for Class 1 steel materials
Table 2.6
Actions to be taken by QPs for Class 2 steel materials
Table 3.1a Design Strength of British / European (BS EN) Structural Steels
Table 3.1b Design Strength of British / European (BS EN) Non-Preloaded Bolts
Table 3.1c Design Strength of British / European (BS EN) Preloaded Bolts
Table 3.1d Design Strength of Fillet Welds made of British / European (BS EN)
Welding Consumables
Table 3.1e Design Strength of British / European (BS EN) Profiled Steel Sheets
10
Table 3.1f
10
Design Strength of British / European (BS EN) Stud Shear Connectors
Table 3.2a Design Strength of American (ASTM and API) Structural Steels
10
Table 3.2b Design Strength of American (ASTM) Non-Preloaded Bolts
10
Table 3.2c Design Strength of American (ASTM) Preloaded Bolts
11
Table 3.2d Design Strength of Fillet Welds made of American (AWS)

Welding Consumables
11
Table 3.2e Design Strength of American (ASTM) Profiled Steel Sheets
11
Table 3.2f
11
Design Strength of American (AWS) Stud Shear Connectors
Table 3.3a Design Strength of Japanese (JIS) Structural Steels
11
Table 3.3b Design Strength of Japanese (JIS) Non-Preloaded Bolts
12
Table 3.3c Design Strength of Japanese (JIS) Preloaded Bolts
12
Table 3.3d Design Strength of Fillet Welds made of Japanese (JIS)

Welding Consumables
12
Table 3.3e Design Strength of Japanese (JIS) Profiled Steel Sheets
12
Table 3.3f
12
Design Strength of Japanese (JIS) Stud Shear Connectors
Table 3.4a Design Strength of Australian / New Zealand (AS / NZS) Structural Steels
13
Table 3.4b Design Strength of Australian / New Zealand (AS / NZS)

Non-Preloaded Bolts
13
Table 3.4c Design Strength of Australian / New Zealand (AS / NZS) Preloaded Bolts
13
Table 3.4d Design Strength of Fillet Welds made of Australian / New Zealand
(AS / NZS) Welding Consumables
13
Table 3.4e Design Strength of Australian / New Zealand (AS / NZS) Profiled
Steel Sheets
14
Table 3.4f
Design Strength of Australian / New Zealand (AS / NZS) Stud Shear

Connectors
14
Table 3.5a Design Strength of Chinese (GB) Structural Steels
14
Table 3.5b Design Strength of Chinese (GB) Non-Preloaded Bolts
14
Table 3.5c Design Strength of Chinese (GB) Preloaded Bolts
14
Table 3.5d Design Strength of Fillet Welds made of Chinese (GB)

Welding Consumables
15
Table 3.5e Design Strength of Chinese (GB) Profiled Steel Sheets
15
Table 3.5f
Design Strength of Chinese (GB) Stud Shear Connectors
15
Table 4.1
Design Strength of Class 2 Structural Steels
16
Table 4.2
Design Strength of Class 2 Non-Preloaded Bolts
16
Table 4.3
Design Strength of Class 2 Preloaded Bolts
16
Table 5.1
Design Strength of Class 3 Structural Steels
18
Table 6.1
Yield and Tensile Strength Requirements for Certified Steel Materials
19
Table 6.2
Ductility Requirements for Certified Steel Materials
20
Table 6.3
Hardness Requirements for Bolts and Nuts for Certified Steel Materials
20
Table 6.4
Chemical Composition Requirements based on Ladle Analysis for

Certified Steel Materials
21
Dimensional and Mass Tolerances Requirements for Certified Steel

Materials
22
Table 8.1
Summary of Quality Assessment and Reusability Assessment
40
Table 8.2
Implementation of Quality Assessment
41
Table 8.3
Actions to be taken by Steel Suppliers and QPs for Re-used

Steel Materials
42
Table 6.5
vi
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 2.1 Classification of Steel Materials
Figure 8.1 Verification on Reusability of Steel Materials
39
vii
PREFACE
This handbook is a companion publication to the design guide BC1: 2012 which has been updated
to include design recommendations to both BS 5950 and SS EN 1993 provisions, and additional
steel materials, including re-used steel materials.
The main objective of this handbook is to provide clearer explanations on how to interpret and use
the design guide BC1: 2012, i.e. how to classify the steel into the different classes, and the criteria
to qualify for certified, non-certified and re-used steel materials.
Where appropriate, both British Standards and Eurocodes symbols are used in this handbook.
As a handbook, it only provides guidance and recommendations for material usage and it should
not be construed as mandatory requirements from the Building and Construction Authority. The
Qualified Persons should ensure that the ensuing design and execution of his/her projects are in
accordance with the Authoritys requirements.
Additional references should be made to the appropriate chapters in BS 5950 and SS EN 1993.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The Building and Construction Authority of Singapore (BCA) acknowledges the contribution of
A/Prof Chiew Sing-Ping of the School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang
Technological University for compiling this handbook for BCA.
1.0
INTRODUCTION
In Singapore, the current approved design code for structural steel design is BS 5950. SS EN 1993
is being phased in and will eventually replace BS 5950. Specifically, these design codes will
specify clearly the steel materials which can be used to design to these codes.
This is a critical consideration as design codes are formulated taking into account the type of
materials manufactured to specific material production standards, in this case, it will be those
materials manufactured to BS EN production standards. The implication of this is that builders
should only procure such steel materials to comply fully with the design adopted by the Qualified
Person (QP) and the building regulations. Strictly speaking, other steel materials manufactured to
non BS EN production standards cannot be used as they will be in conflict with the design
requirements.
The Building and Construction Authority has taken steps to allow a wider choice of steel materials
to achieve greater economy and sustainability, and to promote greater usage of structural steel in
the building and construction industry. In the ensuing process, it will be necessary to ensure
product conformity, quality and traceability in materials coming from various sources, and only
adequate and reliable alternative materials are used to ensure public safety.
In this connection, the design guide BC 1: 2012 was written specifically for this purpose and a list
of certified materials manufactured to BS ENs as well as non BS EN materials such as ASTM,
AS/NZS, JIS and GB are compiled for design to both BS 5950 and SS EN 1993 design codes. The
design guide also gives guidance on how to optimize the usage of such alternative materials, i.e. to
use the full design strength for more competitive design if the certified materials can demonstrate
adequately that they meet all the reliability requirements and qualify as Class 1 steel materials.
This handbook serves as a complimentary publication to the design guide BC 1: 2012 and the
primary intention is to provide some background information and explain how to classify steel into
the different classes in BC 1: 2012. In addition, it provides the design parameters to be adopted for
BS EN, ASTM, JIS, AS/NZS and GB steel materials as well as a list of certified and non-certified
steel materials.
2.0
DESIGN PROCEDURE
BC 1: 2012 classified the certified steel material into Class 1, 2 and 3. The design approaches are
different based on this classification. This section explain in details the various design procedures
which can be adopted during the design stage and the design implications based on the
recommendations given in BC 1: 2012.
The design procedure is first based on classifying the steel materials by means of adequacy
assessment and reliability assessment into the appropriate classes. The classified steel materials
shall then be designed to BS5950 or SS EN 1993 based on the design requirements for that
material class. The design flow chart is shown in Figure 2.1. A brief summary of the adequacy
assessment and reliability assessment are given in Table 2.1.
Adequacy Assessment
Option 1: Certification
Select certified steel materials from Appendix A of BC 1: 2012
Design
Calculation
Stage
or
Option 2: Material Testing
Engage an accredited laboratory to conduct material testing in accordance to Appendix
B of BC 1: 2012. The steel materials have to comply with all the requirements given in
Section 2 of BC 1: 2012
Reliability Assessment
Material
Procurement
Stage
Factory Production Control (FPC) Certificate

Obtain a validated copy of FPC certificate and ensure that it is certified by an approved
certification agency
Material
Delivery
Stage
Manufacturer Test Certificate (MTC)

Obtain a authenticated MTC and verify that it compliances with the materials delivered
and the specifications requirements
Classification
Class 1: Satisfy adequacy assessment (by certification) and reliability assessment
Class 2: Satisfy adequacy assessment (by material testing) and reliability assessment
Class 3: Do not satisfy adequacy assessment or reliability assessment
Figure 2.1: Classification of Steel Materials
Requirements to
satisfy
Objective of
assessment
Mode of assessment
Adequacy Assessment
Material performance requirements
(Section 2 of BC 1: 2012)
Reliability Assessment
Quality assurance requirements
Steel materials properties
Steel materials manufacturers
Certification or material testing
Factory production control (FPC)

certificate and
Material test certificate (MTC)
Table 2.1: Summary of Adequacy Assessment and Reliability Assessment

2
2.1
ADEQUACY ASSESSMENT
The first step in the classification approach involves the verification of the steel material properties
against the material performance requirements given in Section 2 of BC 1: 2012. Failure in the
adequacy assessment shall result in the downgrade of the material class to Class 3. Two modes of
adequacy assessment are possible, either by certification or material testing. The differences in the
implementation these two modes of assessment and the respective results are given in Table 2.2.
2.1.1
Certification
Certification is the process of evaluating the material properties against the material performance
requirements in Section 2 of BC 1: 2012 for British/European, American, Japanese, Australian/New
Zealand and Chinese material standards. Materials which meet these requirements are classified
as certified steel, whereas those which do not meet the requirements are classified as non-certified
steel.
A list of certified steel materials in which their material properties comply with the relevant material
performance requirements is listed in Appendix A of BC 1: 2012. The use of any steel material
from this list of certified materials shall be considered as meeting the material performance
requirements given in Section 2 of BC 1: 2012 and satisfying the adequacy assessment.
During the design stage, QPs shall select the steel material from the list of certified steel materials.
The QPs shall then carry out the design and calculation using the design parameters
recommended in Section 5.1 of BC 1: 2012 for the steel material selected. It is assumed that the
materials will be sourced from manufacturers who can meet the quality assurance requirements
and this will have to be verified during material procurement and delivery stage.
2.1.2
Material Testing
Basically, Material Testing is the process to demonstrate the adequacy of alternative steel other
than those already considered in Section 2.1.1 through appropriate sample testing and test method
given in Appendix B of BC 1: 2012.
Testing carried out for the purpose of adequacy assessment during the design stage shall not
exempt the purchasers from performing the obligatory inspection and testing in accordance with
appropriate regulations during contract execution stage.
Test reports from accredited laboratories under the Singapore Laboratory Accreditation Scheme
(SINGLAS) or other laboratories accredited under a mutual recognition agreement with SINGLAS
are required to prove that such materials are able to comply with all the material performance
requirements given in Section 2 of BC 1: 2012.
When the limiting values are not given in Section 2 of BC 1: 2012, linear interpolation shall be
allowed to determine the limiting value for the test parameters.
During the design stage, if the QPs decided to select a non-certified steel material, the QPs shall
engage an accredited laboratory to conduct material sample testing in accordance to Appendix B
of BC 1: 2012 and submit a test report containing the necessary information (see Table 2.3) to
show that the materials complies with all the material performance requirements given in Section 2
of BC 1: 2012.
For non-certified steel which meet the test requirements, the QPs shall carry out the design and
calculation using the design parameters recommended in Section 5.2 of BC 1: 2012. It is also
assumed at this stage that the materials will be sourced from manufacturers who can meet the
quality assurance requirements.
Certification
Based on Section 2 of BC 1:
2012
Initiation
QPs to initiate testing
Class 1, if also pass the

reliability assessment
Any material not listed in

Appendix A of BC 1: 2012
manufactured to material
standards which are current
and confirmed, regardless of
the country or region of origin
QPs to engage an accredited
laboratory to conduct material
testing in accordance to
Appendix B of BC 1: 2012 and
show that the steel materials
are in compliance with all the
relevant requirements given in
Section 2 of BC 1: 2012
Class 2, if also pass the
reliability assessment
Class 3, and review design
Class 3, and review design
Steel materials coverage
Certified steel materials, as

given in Appendix A of BC 1:
2012
Condition to pass the

assessment
QPs to select steel materials

from the list of certified steel
materials given in Appendix A
of BC 1: 2012
Class of material, if pass the

assessment
Class of material, if fail the
assessment
Material Testing
Table 2.2: Implementation of Certification and Material Testing
x
x
x
x
Type of steel materials

Steel plates
Hot rolled sections
Hollow sections
Steel for cold forming
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Non-preloaded bolting
assemblies
Preloaded bolting assemblies
x
x
x
x
x
x
Welding consumables
x
x
x
x
Mandatory test results

Yield strength
Tensile strength
Elongation after fracture
Impact energy
Chemical content based on ladle or product analysis, of
carbon, sulphur, phosphorous, silicon, manganese, copper,
chromium, molybdenum, nickel, aluminum, niobium,
titanium, vanadium, nitrogen and any other element
intentionally added
Carbon equivalent value computed based on equation:
%Mn %Cr %Mo %V %Cu %Ni
CEV(%) %C

6
5
15
Yield strength (bolts)
Tensile strength (bolts)
Elongation after fracture (bolts)
Hardness (bolts, nuts and washers)
Proof load stress (nuts)
Chemical content, based on product analysis, of carbon,
sulphur and phosphorous (bolts and nuts)
Yield strength
Tensile strength
Impact energy
4
Profiled steel sheets
Yield strength
Tensile strength
Chemical content based on ladle or product analysis, of
carbon, sulphur, phosphorous, silicon, manganese, copper,
chromium, molybdenum, nickel, aluminum, niobium,
titanium, vanadium, nitrogen and any other element
intentionally added
Stud shear connectors
Yield strength
Tensile strength
Table 2.3: Mandatory test results to be indicated on Manufacturer Test Certificate
2.2
RELIABILITY ASSESSMENT
The second step in the classification involves the verification of the material reliability against the
quality assurance requirements given in Section 3 of BC 1: 2012. The reliability assessment is to
ensure that the steel materials are manufactured under stringent quality assurance system and
that it shall meet the quality assurance requirements given in Section 3 of BC 1: 2012. Failure in
the reliability assessment shall result in the immediate downgrade of the material to Class 3.
The implementation of reliability assessment shall involve the submission of valid factory
production control certificates and manufacturer test certificates. The differences in the
implementation of the reliability assessment are summarized in Table 2.4.
2.2.1
Factory Production Control Certification
The manufacturers shall have a factory production control (FPC) system attested by an
independent third party certification agency acceptable to or recognized by BCA through initial
inspection and subsequent continuous surveillance of the FPC system by the certification agency
at least once per year. Examples of these certification agencies includes, but not limited to;
American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), American Petroleum Institute (API), Bureau Veritas (BV), Det
Norske Veritas (DnV), Korean Register (KR), Lloyds Register, TV Rheinland, Germanischer
Lloyd etc.
Valid FPC certificates issued by the certification agency shall be produced by the manufacturers as
an indicator of a FPC system acceptable to BCA.
General requirements on FPC are given in Section 3.1 of BC 1: 2012. However, the following shall
be noted:
ISO 9001 certificate for quality management system is complimentary. Having an ISO 9001
certificate alone is regarded as insufficient to demonstrate reliability of the FPC system for
manufacturers in a production environment.
FPC certificates shall form the only acceptable indicator for an attested production control
system in manufacturing a particular type of steel materials.
FPC certificates for BC1s certified steel materials should clearly indicate the validity period
of 3 years in the certificates.
FPC certificates for BS EN steel materials under the European Union Construction
Directives or API Monograms, both which are already widely recognized in the European
market and the oil and gas industry respectively, shall be considered acceptable in lieu.
The FPC system of such manufacturers in manufacturing the particular type of steel
materials shall be considered already attested.
Upon confirmation of the source of the steel materials, QPs shall evaluate the validated copy of the
FPC certificate, obtained either directly from the manufacturer or through the stockist or trader. The
FPC certificate shall also be made available for subsequent inspection by BCA, if required.
Requirements to meet
Objective of
assessment
Certificate to be
produced by the
manufacturers
Valid coverage of the

certificate
Condition to pass
assessment
Class of material, if
pass both assessment
Class of material, if fail
one of the assessment
Factory production control

(FPC) certification
Factory production control, as
given in 3.1 of BC 1: 2012
The manufacturer of steel
materials
A valid factory production control
(FPC) certificate issued by a
certification agency acceptable to
or recognized by BCA
Manufacturer test certification

(MTC)
Manufacturer test certificates, as
given in 3.2 of BC 1: 2012
The steel materials
x
x
A sample test certificate

An authenticated test
certificate containing
complete information for
every batch of steel materials
delivered
The production control and quality

Quality assurance on the
assurance provided by the
particular batch of steel materials
manufacturer in producing the
delivered
particular type of steel materials
x QPs are to evaluate the
sample certificate upon
confirmation of source of
QPs are to evaluate the certificate
materials
upon confirmation of source of
x QPs are to evaluate the
materials
actual certificate which shall
also specify the actual
quantity of steel materials
delivered
x Class 1, if pass the adequacy assessment by certification
x Class 2, if pass the adequacy assessment by material testing
Class 3
Table 2.4: Implementation of Factory Production Control Certification and Manufacturer

Test Certification
2.2.2
Manufacturer Test Certification
The manufacturer shall issue an authenticated test certificate for every batch of steel materials as
a form of quality assurance on the steel materials delivered to site.
Mandatory information on test results corresponding to different type of steel materials is
summarized in Table 2.3.
It shall be noted that the use of the test results of feedstock materials, if any, shall be clearly
indicated. Actual quantity of steel materials purchased from the stockist or trader shall be clearly
indicated and the validated copy of the authenticated test certificate corresponding to the steel
materials delivered shall be given to the purchaser.
Upon confirmation of the source of steel materials, QPs shall evaluate sample copy of
manufacturer test certificate, obtained directly from the manufacturer or through the stockist or
trader.
Upon delivery of the steel materials to the site, QPs shall inspect and confirm that all the
mandatory information is indicated on the actual manufacturer test certificate. The document shall
also be made available for inspection by BCA, if required.
2.3
SUMMARY OF DESIGN PROCEDURE
The necessary actions to be taken by QPs during the various stages in the overall design
procedure are summarized in Tables 2.5 and 2.6 for Class 1 and 2 steel materials respectively.
Stage
Design calculation
Material procurement
QPs
x
Select certified steel materials from Appendix A of BC 1:

2012
Assume* materials to be Class 1 and adopt design

parameters from Section 5.1 of BC 1: 2012
Submit the necessary design calculation as per authority

requirements
Confirm the source of steel materials
Obtain a validated copy of the valid FPC certificate
Obtain a sample of manufacturer test certificate to ensure all

mandatory information can be provided
Keep copy of the above document for inspection
Obtain an authenticated manufacturer test certificate (or its

validated copy) and verify the compliance of the steel
materials delivered to the specifications
Keep copy of above documents for inspection
Material delivery
* It shall be noted that QPs can only assume that the materials will be Class 1 during the design
calculation stage. The QPs need to perform the necessary follow-up checks during the material
procurement and delivery stages to confirm the materials to be Class 1.
Table 2.5: Actions to be taken by QPs for Class 1 steel materials
Stage
Design calculation
Material procurement
QPs
x
Engage an accredited laboratory to conduct sample material

testing in accordance to Appendix B of BC 1: 2012 and show
that the steel materials are in compliance with all the relevant
requirements given in Section 2
Assume* materials to be Class 2 and adopt design

parameters from 5.2 of BC 1: 2012
Submit a copy of the test report and the necessary design

calculation as per authority requirements
Confirm the source of steel materials
Obtain a validated copy of the valid FPC certificate
Obtain a sample of manufacturer test certificate to ensure all

mandatory information can be provided
Keep copy of above document for inspection
Obtain an authenticated manufacturer test certificate (or its

validated copy) and verify the compliance of the steel
materials delivered to the specifications
Keep copy of above documents for inspection
Material delivery
* It shall be noted that QPs can only assume that the materials will be Class 1 during the design
calculation stage. The QPs need to perform the necessary follow-up checks during the material
procurement and delivery stages to confirm the materials to be Class 2.
Table 2.6: Actions to be taken by QPs for Class 2 steel materials
2.4
ALTERNATIVE PROCEDURE
In lieu of the adequacy and reliability assessments recommended in Sections 4.1 and 4.2 of BC 1:
2012, a material performance-based assessment based on rigorous material testing and control
might be appropriate, subject to a case-by-case approval from BCA, as stated under Section 4.4
Special Case of BC 1: 2012.
If approved, the steel materials concerned may be treated as Class 2 materials if their adequacy
and reliability can be guaranteed through rigorous control and testing plans of the materials
delivery to site.
The assessment shall include but not limited to:
x
x
x
x
100% material visual inspection and non-destructive testing to confirm manufacturing

tolerances and surface delivery conditions;
A set of destructive material testing for each batch/lot (see Table 2.3 for tests required);
Test reports from SINGLAS accredited laboratory; and
A material assessment report from an independent expert consultant.
3.0
DESIGN PARAMETERS FOR CLASS 1 STEEL MATERIALS
This section list the steel design strengths and parameters to be adopted for the design of steel
materials classified as Class 1.
3.1
BRITISH / EUROPEAN (BS EN) STEEL MATERIALS
Grade
S235
S275
S355
S420
S460
S500
S550
S620
S690
Design strength py or fy (N/mm2), for thickness (mm) less than or equal to

16
40
63
80
100
150
235
225
215
215
215
195
275
265
255
245
235
225
355
345
335
325
315
295
420
400
390
370
360
340
460
440
430
410
400
380
500
500
480
480
480
440
550
550
530
530
530
490
620
620
580
580
580
560
690
690
650
650
650
630
Table 3.1a: Design Strength of British / European (BS EN) Structural Steels
BS 5950
Grade
4.6
8.8
10.9
Shear
strength ps
(N/mm2)
Bearing
strength pbb
(N/mm2)
Tension
strength pt
(N/mm2)
160
375
400
460
1000
1300
240
560
700
SS EN 1993
Ultimate
tensile
Yield strength
strength fub
fyb (N/mm2)
(N/mm2)
240
400
640
800
900
1000
Table 3.1b: Design Strength of British / European (BS EN) Non-Preloaded Bolts
BS 5950
Grade
Shear strength ps
(N/mm2)
Tension strength
pt (N/mm2)
8.8
10.9
375
400
560
700
SS EN 1993
Ultimate tensile
Yield strength fyb
strength fub
(N/mm2)
(N/mm2)
640
800
900
1000
Table 3.1c: Design Strength of British / European (BS EN) Preloaded Bolts
Grade
35
38
42
46
50
Tensile strength Ue (N/mm2)

440
470
500
530
560
Design strength pw (N/mm2)

0.50Ue 0.55Us
Us = Tensile strength of parent
material
Table 3.1d: Design Strength of Fillet Welds made of British / European (BS EN) Welding
Consumables
BS 5950
Grade
S220GD
S250GD
S280GD
S320GD
S350GD
S550GD
Yield
strength Ys
(N/mm2)
Tensile
strength Ue
(N/mm2)
220
250
280
320
350
550
300
330
360
390
420
560
Design strength py
(N/mm2)
BS5950-4
BS5950-6
0.93Us
Ys 0.84Us
SS EN 1993
Ultimate
Yield
tensile
strength fyb
strength fu
2
(N/mm )
(N/mm2)
220
300
250
330
280
360
320
390
350
420
550
560
Table 3.1e: Design Strength of British / European (BS EN) Profiled Steel Sheets
Tensile strength fu (N/mm2)
450
Material Standards
BS EN ISO 13918
Table 3.2f: Design Strength of British / European (BS EN) Stud Shear Connectors
3.2
AMERICAN (ASTM and API) STEEL MATERIALS

32
50
65
80
100
ASTM Structural Steels
36 [250]
250
240
230
220
210
42 [290]
290
280
270
260
250
50 [345]
345
335
325
315
305
55 [380]
380
370
360
350
340
60 [415]
415
405
395
385
375
65 [450]
450
440
430
420
410
70 [485]
485
475
465
455
445
100 [690]
690
680
670
660
650
API Line Pipes
B [L245]
245
235
X42 [L290]
290
280
X46 [L320]
320
310
X52 [L360]
360
350
X56 [L390]
390
380
X60 [L415]
415
405
X65 [L450]
450
440
Grade
Table 3.2a: Design Strength of American (ASTM and API) Structural Steels
BS 5950
Grade
307B
A325
A449
A490
Shear
strength ps
(N/mm2)
Bearing
strength pbb
(N/mm2)
Tension
strength pt
(N/mm2)
160
290
375
400
460
640
1000
1300
240
500
560
700
SS EN 1993
Ultimate
tensile
Yield strength
strength fub
fyb (N/mm2)
(N/mm2)
240
400
560
725
640
800
900
1000
Table 3.2b: Design Strength of American (ASTM) Non-Preloaded Bolts

10
BS 5950
Grade
Shear strength ps
(N/mm2)
Tension strength
pt (N/mm2)
A325
A354 BC
A354 BD
A490
290
315
385
400
500
550
675
700
SS EN 1993
Ultimate tensile
Yield strength fyb
strength fub
2
(N/mm )
(N/mm2)
560
725
680
790
790
960
900
1000
Table 3.2c: Design Strength of American (ASTM) Preloaded Bolts

490
Grade
E49xx

245
Table 3.2d: Design Strength of Fillet Welds made of American (AWS) Welding Consumables
BS 5950
Grade
210
240
275
280
300
340
410
Yield
strength Ys
(N/mm2)
Tensile
strength Ue
(N/mm2)
210
240
275
280
300
340
410
320
340
380
370
390
450
480
Design strength py
(N/mm2)
BS5950-4
BS5950-6
0.93Us
Ys 0.84Us
SS EN 1993
Ultimate
Yield
tensile
strength fyb
strength fu
2
(N/mm )
(N/mm2)
210
320
240
340
275
380
280
370
300
390
340
450
410
480
Table 3.2e: Design Strength of American (ASTM) Profiled Steel Sheets

450
Material Standards
AWS D1.1 (Type B)
Table 3.2f: Design Strength of American (AWS) Stud Shear Connectors
3.3
JAPANESE (JIS) STEEL MATERIALS

Grade
400
490
490Y
520
570

16
40
75
100
160
200
245
235
215
215
205
195
325
315
295
295
285
275
365
355
335
325
365
355
335
325
460
450
430
420
Table 3.3a: Design Strength of Japanese (JIS) Structural Steels
11
BS 5950
Grade
4.6
8.8
10.9
Shear
strength ps
(N/mm2)
Bearing
strength pbb
(N/mm2)
Tension
strength pt
(N/mm2)
160
375
400
460
1000
1300
240
560
700
SS EN 1993
Ultimate
Yield strength
tensile
strength fub
fyb (N/mm2)
(N/mm2)
240
400
640
800
900
1000
Table 3.3b: Design Strength of Japanese (JIS) Non-Preloaded Bolts
BS 5950
Grade
Shear strength ps
(N/mm2)
Tension strength
pt (N/mm2)
F8T
F10T
F11T
S10T
375
400
440
400
560
700
770
700
SS EN 1993
Ultimate tensile
Yield strength fyb
strength fub
2
(N/mm )
(N/mm2)
640
800
900
1000
950
1100
900
1000
Table 3.3c: Design Strength of Japanese (JIS) Preloaded Bolts

450
510
600
Grade
D43xx
D50xx
D53xx

225
255
300
Table 3.3d: Design Strength of Fillet Welds made of Japanese (JIS) Welding Consumables
BS 5950
Grade
340
400
440
490
540
Yield
strength Ys
(N/mm2)
Tensile
strength Ue
(N/mm2)
245
295
335
365
400
340
400
440
490
540
Design strength py
(N/mm2)
BS5950-4
BS5950-6
0.93Us
Ys 0.84Us
SS EN 1993
Ultimate
Yield
tensile
strength fyb
strength
fu
(N/mm2)
2
(N/mm )
245
340
295
400
335
440
365
490
400
540
Table 3.3e: Design Strength of Japanese (JIS) Profiled Steel Sheets

400
Material Standards
JIS B 1198
Table 3.3f: Design Strength of Japanese (JIS) Stud Shear Connectors
12
3.4
AUSTRALIAN / NEW ZEALAND (AS / NZS) STEEL MATERIALS

Design strength py (N/mm2), for thickness (mm) less than or equal to
12
20
32
50
80
150
250
250
250
250
240
230
300
300
280
280
270
260
350
350
340
340
340
330
400
380
360
360
360
450
450
420
400
210
250
350
300
280
280
270
270
250
305
295
295
275
275
265
360
340
340
330
330
320
450
450
420
400
-
Grade
250
300
350
400
450
CA220
CA260
CA350
PT430
PT460
PT490
PT540
Table 3.4a: Design Strength of Australian / New Zealand (AS / NZS) Structural Steels
BS 5950
Grade
4.6
8.8
10.9
Shear
strength ps
(N/mm2)
Bearing
strength pbb
(N/mm2)
Tension
strength pt
(N/mm2)
160
375
400
460
1000
1300
240
560
700
SS EN 1993
Ultimate
tensile
Yield strength
2
strength fub
fyb (N/mm )
(N/mm2)
240
400
640
800
900
1000
Table 3.4b: Design Strength of Australian / New Zealand (AS / NZS) Non-Preloaded Bolts
BS 5950
Grade
Shear strength ps
(N/mm2)
Tension strength
pt (N/mm2)
8.8
10.9
12.9
375
400
480
560
700
840
SS EN 1993
Ultimate tensile
Yield strength fyb
strength fub
(N/mm2)
(N/mm2)
640
800
900
1000
1080
1200
Table 3.4c: Design Strength of Australian / New Zealand (AS / NZS) Preloaded Bolts
Grade
E43xx
E49xx
E55xx
E57xx

430
490
550
570

215
245
275
285
Table 3.4d: Design Strength of Fillet Welds made of Australian / New Zealand (AS / NZS)
Welding Consumables
13
BS 5950
Grade
250
300
350
450
500
550
Yield
strength Ys
(N/mm2)
Tensile
strength Ue
(N/mm2)
250
300
350
450
500
550
320
340
320
480
520
550
Design strength py
(N/mm2)
BS5950-4
BS5950-6
0.93Us
Ys 0.84Us
SS EN 1993
Ultimate
Yield
tensile
strength fyb
strength fu
2
(N/mm )
(N/mm2)
250
320
300
340
350
320
450
480
500
520
550
550
Table 3.4e: Design Strength of Australian / New Zealand (AS / NZS) Profiled Steel Sheets
410
Material Standards
AS / NZS 1554.2
Table 3.4f: Design Strength of Australian / New Zealand (AS / NZS) Stud Shear Connectors
3.5
CHINESE (GB) STEEL MATERIALS

Grade
Q235
Q275
Q295
Q345
Q355
Q390
Q420
Q460

16
35
50
100
150
235
225
215
215
195
275
265
255
245
225
295
275
255
235
345
325
295
275
355
345
335
325
390
370
350
330
420
400
380
360
460
440
420
400
Table 3.5a: Design Strength of Chinese (GB) Structural Steels
BS 5950
Grade
4.6
8.8
10.9
Shear
strength ps
(N/mm2)
Bearing
strength pbb
(N/mm2)
Tension
strength pt
(N/mm2)
125
250
310
320
720
930
200
400
500
SS EN 1993
Ultimate
tensile
Yield strength
strength fub
fyb (N/mm2)
(N/mm2)
190
320
450
560
630
700
Table 3.5b: Design Strength of Chinese (GB) Non-Preloaded Bolts
BS 5950
Grade
Shear strength ps
(N/mm2)
Tension strength
pt (N/mm2)
8.8
10.9
250
310
400
500
SS EN 1993
Ultimate tensile
Yield strength fyb
strength fub
2
(N/mm )
(N/mm2)
450
560
630
700
Table 3.5c: Design Strength of Chinese (GB) Preloaded Bolts

14

420
490
540
Grade
43
50
55

210
245
270
Table 3.5d: Design Strength of Fillet Welds made of Chinese (GB) Welding Consumables
BS 5950
Grade
220
250
280
320
350
400
500
550
Yield
strength Ys
(N/mm2)
Tensile
strength Ue
(N/mm2)
220
250
280
320
350
400
500
550
300
330
360
390
420
470
530
560
Design strength py
(N/mm2)
BS5950-4
BS5950-6
0.93Us
Ys 0.84Us
SS EN 1993
Ultimate
Yield
tensile
strength fyb
strength
fu
(N/mm2)
(N/mm2)
220
300
250
330
280
360
320
390
350
420
400
470
500
530
550
560
Table 3.5e: Design Strength of Chinese (GB) Profiled Steel Sheets

400
Material Standards
GB/T 10433
Table 3.5f: Design Strength of Chinese (GB) Stud Shear Connectors
15
4.0
This section list the steel design strengths and parameters to be adopted for design purposes for
steel materials classified as Class 2. Generally, the design strengths of Class 2 materials are
reduced by at least 10% from that of Class 1.
4.1
STRUCTURAL STEELS
Design strength py or fy (N/mm2), for thicknessa (mm) less than or equal to

16
40
63
80
100
150
pyo = Ys/1.1 Us/1.3 or
0.95pyo
0.92pyo
0.90pyo
0.85pyo
0.80pyo
460 N/mm2
fyo = Reh/1.1 Rm/1.3 or
0.95fyo
0.92fyo
0.90fyo
0.85fyo
0.80fyo
460 N/mm2
a) For rolled sections, used the specific thickness of the thickest element of the cross-section.
Table 4.1: Design Strength of Class 2 Structural Steels
4.2
NON-PRELOADED BOLTS
Tensile
strength
Yield
strength
Ub 1000
N/mm2
Yb
BS5950
Bearing
strength
pbb
Shear
strength ps
0.3Ub
0.5(Ub + Yb)
SS EN 1993
Ultimate
Yield
tensile
strength fyb
strength fub
Tension
strength pt
0.5Ub Yb
0.7Yb
0.7Ub
Table 4.2: Design Strength of Class 2 Non-Preloaded Bolts
4.3
PRELOADED BOLTS
BS5950
Tensile
strength
Yield
strength
Ub 1000
N/mm2
Yb
Shear
strength ps
Tension
strength pt
0.3Ub
0.5Ub Yb
SS EN 1993
Ultimate
Yield
tensile
strength fyb
strength fub
0.7Yb
Table 4.3: Design Strength of Class 2 Preloaded Bolts
4.4
FILLET WELDS
Design strength pw = 0.40Ue 0.45Us
4.5
PROFILED STEEL SHEETS

Design strength (BS5950):
py = 0.85Ys
py = 0.90Ys 0.75Us
Yield strength (BS EN 1993):

Ultimate tensile strength (BS EN 1993):
fyb = 0.9Ys
fu = 0.9Us
16
0.7Ub
4.6
STUD SHEAR CONNECTORS

Characteristic resistance (BS 5950):
Qk
0.25 D d2 0.8f cuE c
where
Design shear resistance (SS EN 1993):
PRd
h
D 0.2 1 d 1
d
for
Sd2
4
h
t3
d
0.25 Dd 2 fckE cm
0.6f u Sd 2 4
or
JV
JV
where
17
d 0.6f u
D 0.2 sc 1 d 1
d
for
h sc
t3
d
5.0
This section summarises the steel material properties to be adopted for design purposes for steel
materials classified as Class 3. Only structural steels can be of Class 3 materials. All other sections
(i.e. bolts, fillet welds, etc) shall not be of Class 3 materials. Class 3 structural steel which meet
the requirements in Table 5.1 shall only be restricted to non-structural purposes.
Design strength py or fy (N/mm2), for thicknessa (mm) less than or equal to
16
40
63
80
100
150
170
160
155
150
145
135
a) For rolled sections, used the specific thickness of the thickest element of the cross-section.
Table 5.1: Design Strength of Class 3 Structural Steels
18
6.0
CERTIFIED STEEL MATERIALS
The design guide only covers certified steel materials manufactured to certain British/European
standards (BS EN), American standards (API, ASTM and AWS), Japanese standards (JIS),
Australian/ New Zealand standards (AS/NZS and AS) and Chinese standards (GB), and shall be
updated in accordance with the latest version of the respective standards.
6.1
CRITERIA FOR ACCEPTANCE AS CERTIFIED STEEL
The criteria can be broadly classified based on mechanical properties, chemical composition and
dimensional and mass tolerances. The material has to satisfy ALL the relevant criteria below
before it can be classified as a certified steel material. A list of certified steels manufactured to the
different standards is presented in Sections 6.2 to 6.6 for ease of usage.
6.1.1
Mechanical Properties
6.1.1.1 Strength
Material
Steel Plates (t 3 mm)
Hot Rolled Sections
Hollow Sections
Steel for Cold Forming
Non-Preloaded Bolts
Grade 4.6
Grade 8.8
Grade 10.9
Non-Preloaded Nuts
Grade 4
Grade 8
Grade 10
Preloaded Bolts
Grade 8.8
Grade 10.9
Preloaded Nuts
Grade 8
Grade 10
All-Weld Metal
Profiled Steel Sheets
Stud Shear Connectors
Nominal yield strength

(N/mm2)
235 to 690
235 to 460
235 to 460
200 to 550
240
640
900
400 to 1200
400
800
1000
800
1000
800 to 1200
800
1000
355 to 690
220 to 550
-
Nominal tensile strength

(N/mm2)
300 to 1000
300 to 750
300 to 750
250 to 750
300 to 1200
400
800
1000
800 to 1200
640
900
275 to 600
400
Table 6.1: Yield and Tensile Strength Requirements for Certified Steel Materials
19
6.1.1.2 Ductility
Material
Steel Plate (Yield strength 460 N/mm2)
Steel Plate (Yield strength > 460 N/mm2)
Hot Rolled Sections
Hollow Sections
(Yield strength 460 N/mm2)
(Yield strength > 460 N/mm2)
Non-Preloaded Bolts
Preloaded Bolts
All-Weld Metal
Stud Shear Connectors
Elongation after
Fracture (%)
15
10
15
15
Tensile / Yield Strength

Ratio, Nominal (Actual)
1.2 (1.1)
1.2 (1.1)
1.2 (1.1)
-
15
10
8
8
15
14
Table 6.2: Ductility Requirements for Certified Steel Materials

6.1.1.3 Impact Toughness
The material shall be able to absorb at least 27J of impact energy at 20qC.
6.1.1.4 Hardness
Grade of Bolts / Nuts
Non-Preloaded Bolts
4.6
8.8
10.9
Non-Preloaded Nuts
8
10
12
Preloaded Bolts
8.8
10.9
Preloaded Nuts
8
10
12
Vickers Hardness
(HV)
Range of Hardness
Brinell Hardness
(HB)
Rockwell Hardness
(HRB or HRC)
120 to 220
250 to 335
320 to 380
114 to 209
238 to 318
304 to 361
67 to 95 (HRB)
22 to 34 (HRC)
32 to 39 (HRC)
310
370
395
302
353
375
30 (HRC)
36 (HRC)
39 (HRC)
250 to 335
320 to 380
238 to 318
304 to 361
22 to 34 (HRC)
32 to 39 (HRC)
175 to 310
258 to 370
395
166 to 302
248 to 353
375
88 (HRB) to 30 (HRC)
24 (HRC) to 36 (HRC)
39 (HRC)
Table 6.3: Hardness Requirements for Bolts and Nuts for Certified Steel Materials
20
6.1.2
Chemical Composition
Material
Maximum Content (% by mass)

Pa
S
CEV
C
Steel Plates (t 16 mm) py (N/mm2)
235
0.40
0.045
0.050
275
0.44
0.045
0.050
355
0.49
0.045
0.050
420
0.52
0.040
0.050
460
0.55
0.040
0.050
460b
0.50
0.040
0.040
550b
0.83
0.030
0.020
690b
0.83
0.030
0.020
2
Hot Rolled Sections (t 16 mm) py (N/mm )
235
0.40
0.045
0.045
275
0.44
0.045
0.045
355
0.49
0.045
0.045
420
0.52
0.040
0.040
460
0.55
0.040
0.040
Hot Finished Hollow Sections (t 16 mm) py (N/mm2)
235
0.41
0.040
0.040
275
0.45
0.040
0.040
355
0.50
0.035
0.035
420
0.52
0.035
0.035
460
0.55
0.035
0.035
Cold-Formed Hollow Sections (t 16 mm) py (N/mm2)
235
0.37
0.040
0.040
275
0.40
0.040
0.040
355
0.48
0.035
0.035
420
0.50
0.035
0.035
460
0.53
0.035
0.035
All Grades
0.48
0.050
0.050
0.25
Non-Preloaded Bolts (Grade)
6.8
0.050
0.060
0.55
8.8
0.050
0.060
0.55
Non-Preloaded Nuts (Grade)
6
0.110
0.150
0.50
8
0.060
0.150
0.58
10 and 12
0.048
0.058
0.58
Preloaded Bolts
All Grades
0.060
0.060
0.55
Preloaded Nuts (Grade)
8
0.060
0.150
0.58
10 and 12
0.050
0.060
0.58
All Grades
0.120
0.050
0.25
a) For certain weathering steel, maximum phosphorous content shall be allowed up to 0.15%
b) For quenched and tempered steel only
Table 6.4: Chemical Composition Requirements based on Ladle Analysis for Certified Steel
Materials
21
6.1.3
Dimensional and Mass Tolerances

Dimensional Tolerances
Deviation in Actual Thickness
Material
from Nominal Plate Thickness
Steel Plates
Hot Rolled Sections
Hollow Sections
Smaller of 2 mm and 15%

Overall Dimensions
Larger of 4 mm and 3%
Thickness of Components
Overall Dimensions 2%
Wall Thickness
Smaller of 0.3 mm and 15%
Smaller of 0.2 mm and 15%
Mass Tolerances
Deviation in Actual Mass from
Mass Computed
Density of 7850 kg/m3 and limited
by Dimensional Tolerances
Density of 7850 kg/m3
All Sections (except T) 6%
T-Sections 8%
All Sections 6%
Table 6.5: Dimensional and Mass Tolerances Requirements for Certified Steel Materials
6.2
CERTIFIED BRITISH/EUROPEAN STEEL MATERIALS
6.2.1 Certified British/European Steel Plates

Any combination of steel grades manufactured to:
BS EN 10025-2:
BS EN 10025-3:
BS EN 10025-4:
2004
2004
2004
x S235JR
x S275N
x S275M
x S235J0
x S275NL
x S275ML
x S235J2
x S355N
x S355M
x S275JR
x S355NL
x S355ML
x S275J0
x S420N
x S420M
x S275J2
x S420NL
x S420ML
x S355JR
x S460N
x S460M
x S355J0
x S460NL
x S460ML
x S355J2
or
or
x S355K2
BS EN 10025-5:
2004
x S235J0W
x S235J2W
x S355J0WP
x S355J2WP
x S355J0W
x S355J2W
x S355K2W
or
or
With dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with:

BS EN 10029: 2010
BS EN 10051: 2010
x Class A
x Category A
x Class B
x Category B
x Class C
x Class D
or
22
BS EN 10025-6:
2009
x S460Q
x S460QL
x S460QL1
x S500Q
x S500QL
x S500QL1
x S550Q
x S550QL
x S550QL1
x S620Q
x S620QL
x S620QL1
x S690Q
x S690QL
x S690QL1
6.2.2 Certified British/European Hot Rolled Sections

BS EN 10025-2:
BS EN 10025-3:
BS EN 10025-4:
2004
2004
2004
x S235JR
x S275N
x S275M
x S235J0
x S275NL
x S275ML
x S235J2
x S355N
x S355M
x S275JR
x S355NL
x S355ML
x S275J0
x S420N
x S420M
x S275J2
x S420NL
x S420ML
x S355JR
x S460N
x S460M
x S355J0
x S460NL
x S460ML
x S355J2
or
or
x S355K2
BS EN 10025-5:
2004
x S235J0W
x S235J2W
x S355J0WP
x S355J2WP
x S355J0W
x S355J2W
x S355K2W
BS EN 10025-6:
2009
x S460Q
x S460QL
x S460QL1
or
or
BS EN 10024: 1995, BS EN 10034: 1993, BS EN 10055: 1996, BS EN 10056-1: 1999, BS EN
10279: 2000
6.2.3 Certified British/European Hollow Sections
Either any combination of steel grades manufactured to:
BS EN 10210-1: 2006
x S235JRH
x S275NLH
x S355NH
x S275J0H
x S355J0H
x S355NLH
x S275J2H
x S355J2H
x S420NH
x S275NH
x S355K2H
x S420NLH
x
x
S460NH
S460NLH
With dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with BS EN 10210-2: 2006

Or any combination of steel grades manufactured to:
BS EN 10219-1: 2006
x S235JRH
x S275NH
x
x S275J0H
x S275NLH
x
x S275J2H
x S355J0H
x
x S275MH
x S355J2H
x
x S275MLH
x S355K2H
x
S355MH
S355MLH
S355NH
S355NLH
S420MH
x
x
x
x
x
S420MLH
S460MH
S460MLH
S460NH
S460NLH
With dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with BS EN 10219-2: 2006

6.2.4 Certified British/European Steel for Cold Forming
BS EN 10025-2: 2004 BS EN 10149-2: 1996 BS EN 10149-3: 1996
x S235JR
x S315MC
x S260NC
x S235J0
x S355MC
x S315NC
x S235J2
x S420MC
x S355NC
x S275JR
x S460MC
x S420NC
x S275J0
x S500MC
x S275J2
x S550MC
x S355JR
x S355J0
x S355J2
x S355K2
23
or
With dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with BS EN 10051: 2010
Or any combination of steel grades manufactured to:
BS EN 10346: 2009
x S220GD
x S250GD
x S280GD
x S320GD
x S350GD
6.2.5 Certified British/European Non-Preloaded Bolting Assemblies
Bolts manufactured to:
x BS 4190: 2001
x BS EN ISO 4016: 2001
x BS 7419: 1991
x BS EN ISO 4017: 2001
x BS EN ISO 4014: 2001
x BS EN ISO 4018: 2001
Nuts manufactured to:
x BS 4190: 2001
x BS EN ISO 4032: 2001
x BS EN ISO 4033: 2001
x BE EN ISO 4034: 2001
Washers manufactured to:
x BS 4320: 1968
x BS EN ISO 7091: 2000
6.2.6 Certified British/European Preloaded Bolting Assemblies
x BS 4395-1: 1969
x BS 4395-1: 1969
x BS 4395-2: 1969
x BS 4395-2: 1969
x BS EN 14399-3: 2005
x BS EN 14399-3: 2005
x BS EN 14399-4: 2005
x BS EN 14399-4: 2005
x BS 4395-1: 1969
x BS 4395-2: 1969
x BS EN 14399-5: 2005
x BS EN 14399-6: 2005
6.2.7 Certified British/European Welding Consumables
Welding consumables, which result in all-weld metals meeting the requirements in Section 6.1, and
manufactured to:
x BS EN 760:1996
x BS EN ISO 14343:2009
x BS EN ISO 18274:2010
x BS EN ISO 636:2008
x BS EN ISO 16834:2007
x BS EN ISO 21952:2007
x BS EN ISO 17632:2008
x BS EN ISO 24373:2009
x BS EN ISO 2560:2009
x BS EN ISO 17633:2010
x BS EN ISO 24598:2007
x BS EN ISO 14171:2010
x BS EN ISO 14341:2011
x BS EN ISO 17634:2006
x BS EN ISO 26304:2011
24
6.2.8 Certified British/European Profiled Steel Sheets

Any combination of steel grades manufactured to BS EN 10346: 2009:
x S220GD
x S320GD
x S250GD
x S350GD
x S280GD
x S550GD
6.2.9 Certified British/European Stud Shear Connectors
Stud shear connectors manufactured to BS EN ISO 13918: 2008.
6.2.10 Certified British/European Hot Rolled Steel Bars
BS EN 10025-2: 2004 BS EN 10025-3: 2004 BS EN 10025-4: 2004
S275M
x S235JR
x S275N
S275ML
x S235J0
x S275NL
S355M
x S235J2
x S355N
S355ML
x S275JR
x S355NL
S420M
x S275J0
x S420N
S420ML
x S275J2
x S420NL
S460M
x S355JR
x S460N
S460ML
x S355J0
x S460NL
x S355J2
x
or
x S355K2
or
or
BS EN 10025-6: 2009
S460Q
S460QL
S460QL1
S500Q
S500QL
S500QL1
S550Q
S550QL
S550QL1
S620Q
S620QL
S620QL1
S690Q
S690QL
S690QL1

BS EN 10058: 2003, BS EN 10059: 2003, BS EN 10060: 2003
6.2.11 Certified British/European Sheet Piling
Either any combination of steel grades manufactured to BS EN 10248-1: 1996, with dimensional
and/or mass tolerances in accordance with BS EN 10248-2: 1996.
Or any combination of steel grades manufactured to BS EN 10249-1: 1996, with dimensional
and/or mass tolerances in accordance with BS EN 10249-2: 1996.
Or any certified steel for cold forming in Section 6.2.4.
6.3
CERTIFIED AMERICAN STEEL MATERIALS
6.3.1 Certified American Steel Plates

ASTM A36-2008
ASTM A572-2007
x Grade 250
x Grade 290
x Grade 345
or
x Grade 380
x Grade 415
ASTM A242-2004
x Grade 450
x Grade 345
or
or
ASTM A588-2010
x Grade 345
or
ASTM A709-2010
x Grade 250
x Grade 345
x Grade 485
x Grade 690
ASTM A945-2006
x Grade 345
x Grade 450
or
With dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with ASTM A6-2010a

25
6.3.2 Certified American Hot Rolled Sections

ASTM A36-2008
ASTM A572-2007
x Grade 250
x Grade 290
x Grade 345
or
x Grade 380
x Grade 415
ASTM A588-2010
x Grade 450
x Grade 345
or
ASTM A709-2010
x Grade 250
x Grade 345
ASTM A913-2007
x Grade 345
x Grade 415
x Grade 450
or
ASTM A992-2006a
x Grade 345
or

6.3.3 Certified American Hollow Sections
Steel grades manufactured to ASTM A501-2007:
x Grade 345
Or steel grades manufactured to API 5L-2004:
x Grade B-PSL 2
x Grade X56-PSL 2
x Grade X42-PSL 2
x Grade X60-PSL 2
x Grade X46-PSL 2
x Grade X65-PSL 2
x Grade X52-PSL 2
6.3.4 Certified American Steel for Cold Forming
ASTM A1011-2010
ASTM A1008-2010
ASTM A792-2010
x Grade SS 205
x Grade SS 205
x Grade SS 230
x Grade SS 230
x Grade SS 230
x Grade SS 255
x Grade SS 250
x Grade SS 275
x Grade SS 275
x Grade SS 275
x Grade SS 310
x Grade SS 340
x Grade SS 310
x Grade SS 340
x Grade SS 410
x Grade SS 340
x Grade SS 410
x Grade SS 480
x Grade SS 380
x Grade SS 480
x Grade SS 550
x Grade SS 410
x Grade SS 550
or
x Grade SS 480
or
x Grade SS 550
or
ASTM A568-2009a or ASTM A924-2010a
6.3.5 Certified American Non-Preloaded Bolting Assemblies
x ASTM A193-2010a
x ASTM A307-2010 (Grade B)
x ASTM A325-2009
x ASTM A449-2010
x ASTM A490-2010
26
ASTM A875-2010
x Grade SS 230
x Grade SS 255
x Grade SS 340
x Grade SS 550

x ASTM A563-2007
x ASTM A194-2010a
x ASTM F436-2010
6.3.6 Certified American Preloaded Bolting Assemblies
x ASTM A325-2009
x ASTM A354-2007a (Grade BC and Grade BD)
x ASTM A490-2010
x ASTM F1852-2008
x ASTM A563-2007
x ASTM F959-2007
x ASTM F436-2010
6.3.7 Certified American Welding Consumables
Welding consumables, which result in all-weld metals meeting requirements in Section 6.1 and
manufactured to AWS A5.1-2004 and AWS A5.9: 2005.
6.3.8 Certified American Profiled Steel Sheets
ASTM A653-2010
ASTM A1046-2010a
x Grade SS 230
x Grade SS 230
x Grade SS 255
x Grade SS 255
x Grade SS 275
x Grade SS 275
x Grade SS 340
x Grade SS 340
x Grade SS 380
x Grade SS 550
x Grade SS 410
x Grade SS 480
x Grade SS 550
or
6.3.9 Certified American Stud Shear Connectors
Stud shear connectors manufactured to:
AWS D1.1-2010
x Type B
6.3.10 Certified American Hot Rolled Steel Bars
Any combination of steel grades manufactured to ASTM A709-2010, with dimensional and/or mass
tolerances in accordance with ASTM A6-2010a.
6.3.11 Certified American Sheet Piling
Either any combination of steel grades manufactured to ASTM A328-2007 or ASTM A857-2007,
with dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with ASTM A6-2010a.
27
6.4
CERTIFIED JAPANESE STEEL MATERIALS
6.4.1 Certified Japanese Steel Plates

JIS G 3106: 2008
JIS G 3114: 2008
x SM400B
x SMA400BP
x SM400C
x SMA400BW
x SM490B
x SMA400CP
x SM490C
x SMA400CW
x SM490YB
x SMA490BP
x SM520B
x SMA490BW
x SM520C
x SMA490CP
x SM570
x SMA490CW
x SMA570P
or
x SMA570W
JIS G 3136: 2005

x SN400B
x SN400C
x SN490B
x SN490C
or
With dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with JIS G 3193: 2008
6.4.2 Certified Japanese Hot Rolled Sections
JIS G 3106: 2008
JIS G 3114: 2008
x SM400B
x SMA400BP
x SM400C
x SMA400BW
x SM490B
x SMA400CP
x SM490C
x SMA400CW
x SM490YB
x SMA490BP
x SM520B
x SMA490BW
x SM520C
x SMA490CP
x SM570
x SMA490CW
x SMA570P
or
x SMA570W
JIS G 3136: 2005

x SN400B
x SN400C
x SN490B
x SN490C
or
6.4.3 Certified Japanese Hollow Sections
Steel grades manufactured to JIS G 3475: 2008:
x STKN400B
x STKN400W
x STKN490B
28
6.4.4 Certified Japanese Steel for Cold Forming

JIS G 3106: 2008
JIS G 3114: 2008
JIS G 3136: 2005
x SM400B
x SMA400BP
x SN400B
x SM400C
x SMA400BW
x SN400C
x SM490B
x SMA400CP
x SN490B
x SM490C
x SMA400CW
x SN490C
x SM490YB
x SMA490BP
x SM520B
x SMA490BW
x SM520C
x SMA490CP
x SM570
x SMA490CW
x SMA570P
or
x SMA570W
or
Or steel grade manufactured to JIS G 3350: 2009
x SSC400
6.4.5 Certified Japanese Non-Preloaded Bolting Assemblies
x JIS B 1051: 2000
x JIS B 1052-2: 2009
x JIS B 1256: 2008
x JIS B 1180: 2009
x JIS B 1052-6: 2009
x JIS B 1181: 2009
6.4.6 Certified Japanese Preloaded Bolting Assemblies
x JIS B 1186: 2007
x JIS B 1186: 2007
x JSS II-09: 1981

x JIS B 1186: 2007
6.4.7 Certified Japanese Welding Consumables

Welding consumables, which result in all-weld metals meeting requirements in Section 6.1, and
manufactured to JIS Z 3211: 2008 and JIS Z 3313: 2009.
6.4.8 Certified Japanese Profiled Steel Sheets
JIS G 3302: 2010
x SGH340
x SGH440
x
x SGH400
x SGH490
x
SGH540
SGC340
6.4.9 Certified Japanese Stud Shear Connectors

Stud shear connectors manufactured to JIS B 1198: 2011
29
x
x
x
SGC400
SGC440
SGC490
6.4.10 Certified Japanese Hot Rolled Steel Bars

JIS G 3106: 2008
JIS G 3114: 2008
JIS G 3136: 2005
x SM400B
x SMA400BP
x SN400B
x SM400C
x SMA400BW
x SN400C
x SM490B
x SMA400CP
x SN490B
x SM490C
x SMA400CW
x SN490C
x SM490YB
x SMA490BP
x SM520B
x SMA490BW
x SM520C
x SMA490CP
x SM570
x SMA490CW
x SMA570P
or
x SMA570W
or
6.4.11 Certified Japanese Sheet Piling
Steel grades manufactured to JIS A 5523: 2006 with dimensional and/or mass tolerances in
accordance with JIS A 5528: 2006
6.5
CERTIFIED AUSTRALIAN / NEW ZEALAND STEEL MATERIALS
6.5.1 Certified Australian / New Zealand Steel Plates

Either any combination of steel grades manufactured to AS/NZS 3678-2011
x Grade 250
x Grade 400
x Grade 300
x Grade 450
x Grade 350
With dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with AS/NZS 1365-1996, with plates rolled
on continuous mills. If plates are rolling on reversing mills, width of plate should be less than 2.7m
Or steel grades manufactured to AS 1548-2008:
x PT430NL0
x PT460NL0
x PT430NL20
x PT460NL20
x PT430NL40
x PT460NL40
x PT430NRL0
x PT460NL50
x PT430NRL20
x PT460NRL0
x PT430NRL40
x PT460NRL20
x PT430TRL0
x PT460NRL40
x PT430TRL20
x PT460NRL50
x PT430TRL40
x PT460TRL0
x PT460TRL20
x PT460TRL40
x PT460TRL50
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
30
PT490NL0
PT490NL20
PT490NL40
PT490NL50
PT490NR
PT490NRL20
PT490NRL40
PT490NRL50
PT490T
PT490TRL20
PT490TRL40
PT490TRL50
x
x
x
PT540TL20
PT540TL40
PT540TL50
6.5.2 Certified Australian / New Zealand Hot Rolled Sections

Steel grades manufactured to AS/NZS 3679.1-2010:
x Grade 300L0
x Grade 300L15
x Grade 300S0
x Grade 350L0
x Grade 350S0
6.5.3 Certified Australian / New Zealand Hollow Sections
Steel grades manufactured to AS 1163-2009:
x Grade C250L0
x Grade C350L0
x Grade C450L0
6.5.4 Certified Australian / New Zealand Steel for Cold Forming
Any combination of steel grades manufactured to AS/NZS 1595-1998:
x CA 220
x CA 260
x CA 350
With dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with AS/NZS 1365-1996.
Or any combination of steel grades manufactured to AS/NZS 1397-2001:
x Grade 250
x Grade 300
x Grade 350
x Grade 400
x Grade 450
With dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with AS/NZS 1365-1996
6.5.5 Certified Australian / New Zealand Non-Preloaded Bolting Assemblies
x AS/NZS 1252-1996
x AS 4291.1-2000*
x AS/NZS 1559-2007
Note: *Grade 12.9 is non-certified
x AS/NZS 1252-1996
x AS/NZS 4291.2-1995
x AS/NZS 1252-1996
6.5.6 Certified Australian / New Zealand Preloaded Bolting Assemblies
x AS/NZS 1252-1996
x AS 4291.1-2000
x AS/NZS 1252-1996
x AS/NZS 4291.2-1995
x AS/NZS 1252-1996
31
6.5.7 Certified Australian / New Zealand Welding Consumables

Welding consumables, which result in all-weld metals meeting material performance requirements
in 2.7, and manufactured to:
x AS/NZS 1554.1-2004
x AS/NZS 4855-2007
x AS/NZS 4857-2006*
x AS 1858.1-2003**
x AS/NZS 2717.1-1996
Note: *Only grades 55, 62 and 69 are certified.
**Z is non-certified
***Only grades W5xxx to W6xxx are certified; grade W5ZXH is non-certified
6.5.8 Certified Australian / New Zealand Steel for Profiled Steel Sheets
Any combination of steel grades manufactured to AS/NZS 1397-2001:
x Grade 250
x Grade 300
x Grade 350
x Grade 400
x Grade 450
x Grade 500
x Grade 550
With dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with AS/NZS 1365-1996.
6.5.9 Certified Australian / New Zealand Stud Shear Connectors
Stud shear connectors manufactured to AS/NZS 1554.2-2003 with stud diameter at least 15.9mm.
6.5.10 Certified Australian / New Zealand Hot Rolled Steel Bars
Steel grades manufactured to AS/NZS 3679.1-2010.
6.5.11 Certified Australian / New Zealand Sheet Piling
Any certified steel for cold forming in Section 6.5.4.
6.6
CERTIFIED CHINESE STEEL MATERIALS
6.6.1 Certified Chinese Steel Plates

GB/T 700-2006*
GB/T 1591-2008*
x Q235BZ
x Q345B
x Q460E
x Q235CZ
x Q345C
x Q500C
x Q235DTZ
x Q345D
x Q500D
x Q275BZ
x Q345E
x Q500E
x Q275CZ
x Q390B
x Q550C
x Q275DTZ
x Q390C
x Q550D
x Q390D
x Q550E
or
x Q390E
x Q620C
x Q420B
x Q620D
x Q420C
x Q620E
x Q420D
x Q690C
x Q420E
x Q690D
x Q460C
x Q690E
x Q460D
or
x Q460E
32
GB/T 4171-2008
x Q265GNH
x Q295GNH
x Q310GNH
x Q355GNH
x Q235NH
x Q295NH
x Q355NH
x Q415NH
x Q460NH
x Q500NH
x Q550NH
or
GB/T 19879-2005
x Q235GJC
x Q235GJD
x Q235GJE
x Q345GJC
x Q345GJD
x Q345GJE
x Q390GJC
x Q390GJD
x Q390GJE
x Q420GJC
x Q420GJD
x Q420GJE
x Q460GJC
x Q460GJD
x Q460GJE
With dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with GB/T 709-2006*:

x Class A
x Class N
x Class B
x PT.A
x Class C
x PT.B
Note: *Steel plates manufactured to GB 912-2008 and GB/T 3274-2007, which make reference to
GB/T 700-2006, GB/T 1591-2008 and GB/T 709-2006, shall be considered certified
6.6.2 Certified Chinese Hot Rolled Sections
GB/T 700-2006
GB/T 1591-2008
x Q235BZ
x Q295B
x Q235CZ
x Q345B
x Q235DTZ
x Q345C
x Q275BZ
x Q345D
x Q275CZ
x Q345E
x Q275DTZ
x Q390B
x Q390C
or
x Q390D
x Q390E
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Q390E
Q420B
Q420C
Q420D
Q420E
Q460C
Q460D
Q460E
GB/T 4171-2008
x Q265GNH
x Q295GNH
x Q310GNH
x Q355GNH
x Q235NH
x Q295NH
x Q355NH
x Q415NH
x Q460NH
or
With dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with GB/T 706-2008 and GB/T 112632010.
6.6.3 Certified Chinese Hollow Sections
GB/T 700-2006
GB/T 1591-2008
x Q235CZ
x Q345C
x Q420C
x Q235DTZ
x Q345D
x Q420D
x Q275CZ
x Q345E
x Q420E
x Q275DTZ
x Q390C
x Q460C
x Q390D
x Q460D
or
x Q390E
x Q460E
GB/T 4171-2008
x Q265GNH
x Q295GNH
x Q310GNH
x Q355GNH
x Q235NH
x Q295NH
x Q355NH
or
x Q415NH
x Q460NH
With dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with GB/T 6728-2002.
Or any combination of steel grades manufactured to GB/T 8162-2008:
Q235B
Q275D
Q390B
Q235C
Q295B
Q390C
Q235D
Q345B
Q390D
Q275B
Q345C
Q390E
Q275C
Q345D
Q420B
Q345E
Q420C
Q420D
Q420E
Q460C
Q460D
Q460E
With dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with GB/T 8162-2008 and GB/T 173952008
33
6.6.4 Certified Chinese Steel for Cold Forming

GB/T 700-2006
GB/T 1591-2008
x Q215AZ
x Q275AZ
x Q295A
x
x Q215BZ
x Q275BZ
x Q295B
x
x Q235AZ
x Q275CZ
x Q345A
x
x Q235BZ
x Q275DTZ
x Q345B
x
x Q235CZ
x Q345C
x
or
x Q235DTZ
x Q345D
x
x Q345E
x
x Q390A
x
x Q390B
With dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with GB/T 709-2006
Q390C
Q390D
Q390E
Q420A
Q420B
Q420C
Q420D
Q420E
6.6.5 Certified Chinese Non-Preloaded Bolting Assemblies

x GB/T 5780-2000
x GB/T 5781-2000
x GB/T 5782-2000
x GB/T 5783-2000
x GB/T 41-2000
x GB/T 6170-2000
x GB/T 6175-2000
x GB/T 95-2002
6.6.6 Certified Chinese Preloaded Bolting Assemblies
x GB/T 1228-2006
x GB/T 1229-2006
x GB/T 3632-2008
x GB/T 3632-2008

x GB/T 1230-2006
x GB/T 3632-2008
6.6.7 Certified Chinese Welding Consumables

Welding consumables, which result in all-weld metals meeting requirements in Section 6.1, and
manufactured to:
x GB/T 5117-1995
x GB/T 10045-2001
x GB/T 5118-1995
x GB/T 12470-2003
x GB/T 5293-1999
x GB/T 17493-2008
x GB/T 8110-2008
6.6.8 Certified Chinese steel for Profiled Steel Sheets
Any combination of steel grades manufactured to GB/T 2518-2008:
x S220GD
x S320GD
x S250GD
x S350GD
x S280GD
x S550GD
6.6.9 Certified Chinese Stud Shear Connectors
Stud shear connectors manufactured to GB/T 10433-2002.
34
6.6.10 Certified Chinese Hot Rolled Steel Bars

GB/T 700-2006
GB/T 1591-2008
x Q235BZ
x Q345B
x Q420D
x Q235CZ
x Q345C
x Q420E
x Q235DTZ
x Q345D
x Q460C
x Q275BZ
x Q345E
x Q460D
x Q275CZ
x Q390B
x Q460E
x Q275DTZ
x Q390C
x Q460E
x Q390D
x Q500C
or
x Q390E
x Q500D
x Q420B
x Q500E
x Q420C
x Q550C
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Q550D
Q550E
Q620C
Q620D
Q620E
Q690C
Q690D
Q690E
or
With dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with GB/T 709-2008:

6.6.11 Certified Chinese Sheet Piling
Steel grades manufactured to GB/T 20933-2007.
35
GB/T 4171-2008
x Q265GNH
x Q295GNH
x Q310GNH
x Q355GNH
x Q235NH
x Q295NH
x Q355NH
x Q415NH
x Q460NH
x Q500NH
x Q550NH
7.0
NON-CERTIFIED STEEL MATERIALS
Any steel materials which do not satisfy the criteria in Section 6.1 in this handbook (Section 2 in
BC1: 2012) shall be classified as non-certified steel materials. This chapter only covers noncertified steel materials manufactured to certain British/European standards (BS EN), American
standards (API, ASTM and AWS), Japanese standards (JIS), Australian/ New Zealand standards
(AS/NZS and AS) and Chinese standards (GB), and shall be updated in accordance with the latest
version of the respective standards.
These materials are non-certified because one or more of the following parameters were not
controlled or specified in the respective codes.
x Strength:
Not within the required strength range
x Ductility:
Did not elongation beyond the required ductility
x Impact Toughness:
Not able to absorb the minimum required energy
x Hardness:
Beyond the required hardness
x Dimensional Tolerance:
Beyond the required dimension
x Mass Tolerance:
Beyond the required mass
x Usage:
Not intended for usage for structural purpose
7.1
NON-CERTIFIED BRITISH/EUROPEAN STEEL MATERIALS
Material Standard
Steel Plates
BS EN 10025-2: 2004
BS EN 10025-6: 2009
Hot Rolled Sections
BS EN 10025-2: 2004
BS EN 10025-6: 2009
BS EN 10025-2: 2004
BS EN 10149-2: 1996
BS EN 10326: 2004
7.2
Steel Grades
E295, E335, E360, S185, S450J0
S890Q, S890QL, S890QL1, S960Q, S960QL
E295, E335, E360, S185, S450J0
S890Q, S890QL, S890QL1, S960Q, S960QL
E295, E335, E360, S185, S450J0
S600MC, S650MC, S700MC
S550GD
NON-CERTIFIED AMERICAN STEEL MATERIALS
Material Standard
Steel Plates
ASTM A 283-2007
ASTM A 514-2009
ASTM A 529-2009
ASTM A 573-2009
ASTM A 871-2007
Hot Rolled Sections
ASTM A 529-2009
Hollow Sections
API 5L-2004
ASTM A 53-2010
ASTM A 268-2010
ASTM A 333-2011
ASTM A 423-2009
ASTM A 500-2010a
ASTM A 501-2007
Steel Grades
A, B, C, D
All Grades
50, 55
440, 460
60, 65
50, 55
PSL1
A, B
All Grades
All Grades
All Grades
A, B, C, D
A
36
ASTM A 595-2011
ASTM A 618-2010
ASTM A 847-2011
ASTM A 109-2008
ASTM A 308-2010
ASTM A 653-2011
ASTM A 606-2009a
ASTM A 875-2010
ASTM A 1003-2011e
All Grades
Ia, 1b, II, III
All Grades
All Grades
SS30, SS33, SS40
All Grades
All Grades
SS330
ST230H, ST230L, ST255H, ST255L, ST275H, ST275L, ST340H,
ST340L
ASTM A 1011-2010
HSLA480, HSLA-F480, HSLA-F550, HSLAS310, HSLAS340,
HSLAS380, HSLAS410, HSLAS450, HSLAS-F410
Non-Preloaded Bolting Assemblies
ASTM A 194-2010a
1, 2, 3, 6, 8
ASTM A 307-2010
A
ASTM A 563-2007a
8S3-B
Preloaded Bolting Assemblies
ASTM A 193-2011
All Grades
7.3
NON-CERTIFIED JAPANESE STEEL MATERIALS
Material Standard
Steel Plates
JIS G 3101: 2010
JIS G 3106: 2008
JIS G 3114: 2008
JIS G 3128: 2009
JIS G 3131: 2010
JIS G 3132: 2011
JIS G 3136: 2005
Hot Rolled Sections
JIS G 3101: 2010
JIS G 3106: 2008
JIS G 3114: 2008
JIS G 3136: 2005
Hollow Sections
JIS G 3444: 2010
JIS G 3466: 2010
JIS G 3101: 2010
JIS G 3106: 2008
JIS G 3114: 2008
JIS G 3136: 2005
JIS G 3302: 2010
JIS G 3312: 2008

JIS G 3321: 2010
JIS G 3322: 2008
JIS G 3352: 2003
Steel Grades
SS330, SS400, SS490, SS540
SM400A, SM490A, (All type A material)
SMA400AW, SMA400AP, SMA490AW, SMA490AP
SHY685, SHY685N, SHY685NS
SPHC, SPHD, SPHE
SPHT1, SPHT2, SPHT3, SPHT4
SN400A, SN490A
SS330, SS400, SS490, SS540
SN400A, SN490A
STK290, STK400, STK500, STK490, STK540
STKR400, STKR490
SS330, SS400, SS490, SS540
SN400A, SN490A
SGHC, SGH340, SGH400, SGH440, SGH490, SGH540, SGCC,
SGCH, SGCD1, SGCD2, SGCD3, SGC340, SGC400, SGC440,
SGC490, SGC570
CGCC, CGCH, CGCD1, CGC340, CGC400, CGC440, CGC490,
CGC570
SGLHC, SGLH400, SGLH440, SGLH490, SGLH540, SGLCC,
SGLCD, SGLC400, SGLC440, SGLC490, SGLC570
CGLCC, CGLCD, CGLC400, CGLC440, CGLC490, CGLC570
SDP1, SDP2, SDP3
37

JIS G 3302: 2010
JIS G 3321: 2010
7.4
NON-CERTIFIED AUSTRALIAN / NEW ZEALAND STEEL MATERIALS
Material Standard
Steel Plates
AS/NZS 1594-2002
Hot Rolled Sections
AS/NZS 3679.1-2010
AS 1397-2001
AS 1548-2008
AS/NZS 1594-2002
AS/NZS 1595-1998
7.5
SGHC, SGCC, SGCH, SGCD1, SGCD2, SGCD3, SGC570

SGLHC, SGLH400, SGLH440, SGLH490, SGLH540, SGLCC,
SGLCD, SGLC400, SGLC440, SGLC490, SGLC570
Steel Grades
All Grades
250, 400
G500, G550
5-490N or A, 7-430 N, R, T or A, 7-460 N, R, T or A, 7-490 N, R,
T or A
All Grades
CW300
NON-CERTIFIED CHINESE STEEL MATERIALS
Material Standard
Steel Plates
GB/T 700-2006
GB/T 1591-2008
Hot Rolled Sections
GB/T 700-2006
GB/T 1591-2008
Hollow Sections
GB/T 700-2006
GB/T 1591-2008
GB/T 700-2006
Steel Grades
Q195F, Q195Z, Q215AF, Q215AZ, Q215BF, Q215BZ, Q235AF,
Q235AZ, Q235BF, Q275AF, Q275AZ
Q295A, Q345A, Q390A, Q420A
Q235AZ, Q235BF, Q275AF, Q275AZ
Q295A, Q345A, Q390A, Q420A
Q235AZ, Q235BF, Q235BZ, Q275AF, Q275AZ, Q275BZ
Q295A, Q345A, Q345B, Q390A, Q390B, Q420A, Q420B
Q195F, Q195Z, Q215AF, Q215BF, Q235AF, Q235BF, Q275AF
38
8.0
REUSABILITY OF STEEL MATERIALS
The procedure for verifying the quality of re-used steel is similar to the classification of new steel
material mentioned previously in Section 2 in which the re-used steel is also classified based on
the traced certificates together with the material testing results. This section explain in details the
procedures which can be adopted for verifying the quality of the ex-stock steel materials and to
determine if it can be reused, based on the recommendations given in BC 1: 2012.
The verification procedure is first based on tracing the manufacturer test certificate (MTC) and
factory production control (FPC) certificate. This is followed by material testing following the
relevant tests. The steel materials are then classified by means of quality assessment into the
appropriate classes. The classified steel materials are only considered reusable if it also satisfied
the reusability requirements.
Currently, the usage of re-used steel shall only be restricted to sheet piles and structural steel
materials used in steel strutting system for earth retaining and supporting structures (ERSS). The
overall verification flow chart is summarized in Figure 8.1. A brief description of the quality
assessment and reusability assessment are given in Table 8.1.
Quality Assessment
Manufacturer Test Certificate (MTC) Compulsory

Obtain an authenticated MTC and verify that it compliances with the ex-stock materials
delivered and the specifications requirements.
Material
Procurement
Stage
Certification
Re-used steel shall be certified steel materials from Appendix A of BC1: 2012
Factory Production Control (FPC) Certificate Optional

Obtain a validated copy of FPC certificate and ensure that it is certified by an approved
certification agency
Material Testing
Carry out material testing for either each batch/lot or each member
Design
Calculation
Stage
Classification
Class 1: Either: a) Satisfy quality assessment (with FPC + Material testing by batch/lot),
or
b) Satisfy quality assessment (no FPC + Material testing for each
member)
Class 2: Satisfy quality assessment (no FPC + Material testing by batch/lot)
Class 3: Do not satisfy quality assessment
Reusability Assessment
Material
Delivery
Stage
Visual Inspection
Check the exterior condition and alignment of the steel materials visually
Figure 8.1: Verification on Reusability of Steel Materials
39
Requirements to
satisfy
Objective of
assessment
Mode of assessment
Quality Assessment
Quality assurance and Material
performance requirements
Steel material manufacturers and
properties
FPC, MTC certification and Material
testing
Reusability Assessment
Material condition requirements
Steel material exterior condition
Visual inspection
Table 8.1: Summary of Quality Assessment and Reusability Assessment
8.1
QUALITY ASSESSMENT
The first step in the classification approach involves the verification of the steel material quality by
tracing the MTC and FPC certificates of the ex-stock materials. The steel material chosen must
already be in the list of certified steel material in Section 6. The ability to trace the MTC and FPC
will determine whether the steel material is classified as a Class 1 or Class 2 material. After tracing
and verifying the certifications, material testing is to be carried out to verify the adequacy of the
material properties of the steel material based on its existing condition. Failure of the material in
either destructive or non-destructive testing will result in the immediate downgrade of the steel
material to Class 3. A summary of the quality assessment and the respective results are given in
Table 8.2.
8.1.1 Manufacturer Test Certificate and Factory Production Control Certificate
The steel supplier must be able to produce the manufacturer test certificate (MTC) for all the reused steel. The MTC shall meet the requirements stated in Section 2.2.2. Failure to produce valid
MTC or if the MTC does not satisfy the requirements in Section 2.2.2 shall result in the downgrade
of the re-used steel to Class 3.
Factory production control certificate (FPC) is an optional certificate to be submitted. The FPC shall
meet the requirements stated in Section 2.2.1. The FPC shall affect the amount of material testing
to be carried out and the classification of the re-used steel. Therefore, it would be preferable that
supplier produce the FPC if the manufacturer of the steel material is known. Class 1 re-used steel
shall either have a valid FPC and satisfactory material testing by batch/lot, or no FPC but
satisfactory material testing (NDT) for every steel member. Class 2 re-used steel shall have no
FPC and satisfactory material testing by batch/lot.
8.1.2 Certification
Certification is the process of evaluating the material properties of the re-used steel against the
material performance requirements in Section 6 for British/European, American, Japanese,
Australian/New Zealand and Chinese material standards. The comparison shall be based on the
MTC submitted and material testing results. Materials which meet these requirements are
classified as certified steel, whereas those which do not meet the requirements are classified as
non-certified steel. The re-used steel must be certified steel before it can be classified as Class 1
or 2. Non-certified steel shall only be Class 3.
Material Testing is the process of demonstrating the adequacy of the re-used steel materials in its
current condition through appropriate sample testing and test method given in Appendix B of BC 1:
2012. The requirements are similar to that stated in Section 2.1.2.
40
Initiation
Steel materials coverage
Condition to pass the

assessment
Class of material
MTC, FPC, Certification

Steel material supplier
Certified steel materials, as
given in Section 6
Material Testing
QPs to initiate testing
All re-used steel materials
QPs to engage an accredited

laboratory to conduct material
testing in accordance to
Steel material supplier to
submit valid MTC (compulsory) Appendix B of BC1: 2012 and
and FPC (optional)
show that the steel materials
are in compliance with all the
certifications
relevant requirements given in
Section 6
Class 1 (Valid FPC + Testing by batch)
Class 1 (No valid FPC + Testing for every member)
Class 2 (No valid FPC + Testing by batch)
Class 3 (Do not meet requirements)
Table 8.2: Implementation of Quality Assessment
8.2
REUSABILITY ASSESSMENT
The second step in the classification involves the verification of the reusability of the steel material
based on the recommendations given in Section 6.2 of BC 1: 2012 by visually inspecting the
exterior condition of the steel members and to check for any unique identification markings.
8.3
IN-HOUSE QUALITY ASSURANCE SYSTEM
Steel supplier or fabricators with the intention to re-used steel materials shall have an established
in-house quality assurance (QA) system. The primarily purpose of this QA system is to ensure the
traceability of the materials.
The QA system shall address (but not limited to) the following:
x How the re-used materials are identified from the other materials.
x How the re-used materials will be stored.
x Detailed flow chart / steps on how the materials will be traced from the moment it entered
the yard till it is delivered to site.
x Documentation (MTC, FPC, material test reports, history of usage) of the re-used materials
x Personnel involved in ensuring that the QA system is strictly adhered to.
x Independent certification body which has attested the QA system
41
8.4
SUMMARY OF DESIGN PROCEDURE FOR RE-USED STEEL
The necessary actions to be taken by the steel suppliers and QPs during the various stages in the
overall design procedure for re-used steel are summarized in Table 8.3.
Stage
Steel Supplier
x
Material
procurement
x
Design
calculation
Submit valid copies of

MTC certificate
Submit valid copies of
FPC certificate
Prepare material for

testing based on the
steel material
classification
requirements
QPs
x
Confirm the source of steel materials and ensure

that the re-used steel is in the certified steel list in
Section 6
Obtain valid copies of MTC and FPC certificates

and ensure that the material properties
requirements are satisfied
Keep copies of MTC and FPC for inspection
Design to Class 1 or 2 depending on whether a

valid FPC is available. Assume that material
testing is satisfied.*
Submit the necessary design calculation as per

authority requirements
Submit the steel

material for testing in
x Ensure that the material test results satisfy the
Material
accordance to
requirements in Section 6
testing
Appendix B of BC 1:
2012
x Re-conditioned the
x Visually inspect the exterior condition of the resteel materials for
Visual
used steel materials
minor defects found
inspection
during visual
inspection
* It shall be noted that QPs can only assume that the materials will be certified steel during the
design calculation stage. The QPs need to ensure that the material testing results are satisfactory
to confirm that the steel materials are certified.
Table 8.3: Actions to be taken by Steel Suppliers and QPs for Re-used Steel Materials
42

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Handbook to BC1: 2012

Use of Alternative Structural Steel to

Amendments issued since publication

BCA 1 March 2013

2.2.1 Added Korean Register (KR)

3. Design Parameters for Class 1 Steel Materials

4. Design Parameters for Class 2 Steel Materials

5. Design Parameters for Class 3 Steel Materials

6. Certified Steel Materials

6.1.3 Dimensional and Mass Tolerances

6.5.9 Certified Australian / New Zealand Stud Shear Connectors

7. Non-Certified Steel Materials

8. Reusability of Steel Materials

Summary of Adequacy Assessment and Reliability Assessment

Implementation of Certification and Material Testing

Mandatory test results to be indicated on Manufacturer Test Certificate

Implementation of Factory Production Control Certification and

Actions to be taken by QPs for Class 1 steel materials

Actions to be taken by QPs for Class 2 steel materials

Design Strength of British / European (BS EN) Stud Shear Connectors

Table 3.2b Design Strength of American (ASTM) Non-Preloaded Bolts

Table 3.2c Design Strength of American (ASTM) Preloaded Bolts

Table 3.2d Design Strength of Fillet Welds made of American (AWS)

Table 3.2e Design Strength of American (ASTM) Profiled Steel Sheets

Design Strength of American (AWS) Stud Shear Connectors

Table 3.3a Design Strength of Japanese (JIS) Structural Steels

Table 3.3b Design Strength of Japanese (JIS) Non-Preloaded Bolts

Table 3.3c Design Strength of Japanese (JIS) Preloaded Bolts

Table 3.3d Design Strength of Fillet Welds made of Japanese (JIS)

Table 3.3e Design Strength of Japanese (JIS) Profiled Steel Sheets

Design Strength of Japanese (JIS) Stud Shear Connectors

Table 3.4b Design Strength of Australian / New Zealand (AS / NZS)

Design Strength of Australian / New Zealand (AS / NZS) Stud Shear

Table 3.5a Design Strength of Chinese (GB) Structural Steels

Table 3.5b Design Strength of Chinese (GB) Non-Preloaded Bolts

Table 3.5c Design Strength of Chinese (GB) Preloaded Bolts

Table 3.5d Design Strength of Fillet Welds made of Chinese (GB)

Table 3.5e Design Strength of Chinese (GB) Profiled Steel Sheets

Design Strength of Chinese (GB) Stud Shear Connectors

Design Strength of Class 2 Structural Steels

Design Strength of Class 2 Non-Preloaded Bolts

Design Strength of Class 2 Preloaded Bolts

Design Strength of Class 3 Structural Steels

Yield and Tensile Strength Requirements for Certified Steel Materials

Ductility Requirements for Certified Steel Materials

Chemical Composition Requirements based on Ladle Analysis for

Dimensional and Mass Tolerances Requirements for Certified Steel

Summary of Quality Assessment and Reusability Assessment

Implementation of Quality Assessment

Actions to be taken by Steel Suppliers and QPs for Re-used

Figure 8.1 Verification on Reusability of Steel Materials

Factory Production Control (FPC) Certificate

Manufacturer Test Certificate (MTC)

Figure 2.1: Classification of Steel Materials

Steel materials properties

Steel materials manufacturers

Certification or material testing

Factory production control (FPC)