h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
On the Origin of
(Latin) Type Species
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
(Groundbreaking research of Darwinian importance
for the understanding of type and typography, and
for the parametrization of related design processes)
www.lettermodel.org
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
5
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
6
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
7/8
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
1 1
1 1
1 c
1 1
1 c
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
1 1
1 b
1 2
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
1 1
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
nnnnnnnn
hominum
hominum
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
0
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
mmmnnnnnnm
hominum
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
2
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
mmmnnnnnnm
hominum
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
3
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
mmmnnnnnnmm
illum quoq
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
4
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
mmmmmmmm
nobilisimo
s
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
frank e. bLokLand
14 units
Hypotheses
14 units
12 units
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
2
L
LetterModeller
nnooen n
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
nnnniABnnn
bhpvjDCnnh
dkqxlGBnok
gouytHEnvx
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
Times New Roman | Bembo Book: identical point size
frank e. bLokLand
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm
nnniif aam EA H E Mph
b ol! cI G F C N Y
d p . te s V L B O
g q , ?v X PK Q
hu : rx Z TR
k z ; y DS T
A
12 units
for m
15 units
8 units
basis n
15 units
for M
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
20
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
2
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
nn
nn
a
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
a a
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
22
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
nomibus
nnnnnnnnnn
nomibue
nnnnnnnnnn
nomibue
nnnnnnnnnn
a
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
23
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
omibue
omibue
omibue
omibue
fence posting
fence posting/unit correction 16 n-units
fence posting/unit correction 32 n-units
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
Adobe Jenson fitting
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
24
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
nn
n
nnnnnnnnn
nnnnnnnnnn
nn
a
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
2
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
nB
nnnC
nnnD
nn
nnnH
nnnnN
nn
E
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
2
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
Cadence_units arrangement
1
8
3
8
8
8
3
8
8
6
8
8
8
8
3
8
3
8
3
1
6
1
1
1
1
2
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
1
3
2
3
2
2
6
8
8
6
1
2
8
8
3
2
3
1
3
1
6
1
1
1
1
2
(left and right from x-axis extreme)
(left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)
(left and right from x-axis extreme)
(left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)
(left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)
(left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)
(left from x-axis extreme and right from stem)
(left and right from stem)
(left and right from stem)
(left and right from stem)
(left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)
(left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)
(left and right from stem)
(left and right from stem)
(left and right from x-axis extreme)
(left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)
(left and right from x-axis extreme)
(left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)
(left and right from x-axis extreme)
(left and right from x-axis extreme)
(left and right from stem)
(left and right from x-axis extreme)
(left and right from x-axis extreme)
(left and right from x-axis extreme)
(left and right from x-axis extreme)
(left and right from x-axis extreme)
Note: the only area which counts, is within the x-height / the capital spaces are lc + 1
32 n-units / capitals stems and bowls like lower case plus 1 (except for A, K-right, V,V,X,Y)
2
5
2
2
2
6
2
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
2
6
2
6
3
5
5
1
1
1
1
2
3
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
k
l
m
n
o
p
q
r
s
t
u
v
w
x
y
z
.
,
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
6
2
1
6
1
1
1
6
6
5
1
6
6
6
2
2
5
1
3
1
5
1
1
1
1
2
3
3
(left and right from x-axis extreme, right from stem)
(left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)
(left and right from x-axis extreme)
(left and right from x-axis extreme, right from stem)
(left and right from x-axis extreme)
(left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)
(left and right from x-axis extreme)
(left and right from stem)
(left and right from stem)
(left and right from stem)
(left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)
(left and right from stem)
(left and right from stem)
(left and right from stem)
(left and right from x-axis extreme)
(left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)
(left from x-axis, right from stem)
(left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)
(left and right from x-axis extreme)
(left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)
(left and right from stem)
(left and right from x-axis extreme)
(left and right from x-axis extreme)
(left and right from x-axis extreme)
(left and right from x-axis extreme)
(left and right from x-axis extreme)
(left and right from x-axis extreme)
(left and right from x-axis extreme)
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
2
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
2
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Original: ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
The invention of printing from movable types was one of the chief events affecting the history of European civilization. The task of duplicating texts without variance was impossible
before Gutenberg equiped the scholar with the accuracy of type. Prejudiced connoisseurs in
the fifteenth century deplored the new mass production of books, but men of letters eagerly
hailed the printing press as a method of disseminating knowledge in permanent form; and
the earliest printed books soon rivalled in beauty, as they superseded in economy, the fine
manuscripts of their day. The invention of Printing from movable types was one of the chief
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
Cadence: ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
The invention of printing from movable types was one of the chief events affecting the history
of European civilization. The task of duplicating texts without variance was impossible before
Gutenberg equiped the scholar with the accuracy of type. Prejudiced connoisseurs in the
fifteenth century deplored the new mass production of books, but men of letters eagerly
hailed the printing press as a method of disseminating knowledge in permanent form; and the
earliest printed books soon rivalled in beauty, as they superseded in economy, the fine
manuscripts of their day. The invention of Printing from movable types was one of the chief
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
2
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Original: ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
The invention of printing from movable types was one of the chief events affecting the history
of European civilization. The task of duplicating texts without variance was impossible before
Gutenberg equiped the scholar with the accuracy of type. Prejudiced connoisseurs in the
fifteenth century deplored the new mass production of books, but men of letters eagerly hailed
the printing press as a method of disseminating knowledge in permanent form; and the earliest
printed books soon rivalled in beauty, as they superseded in economy, the fine manuscripts of
their day. The invention of Printing from movable types was one of the chief events
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
Cadence: ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
The invention of printing from movable types was one of the chief events affecting the history
of European civilization. The task of duplicating texts without variance was impossible before
Gutenberg equiped the scholar with the accuracy of type. Prejudiced connoisseurs in the
fifteenth century deplored the new mass production of books, but men of letters eagerly hailed
the printing press as a method of disseminating knowledge in permanent form; and the
earliest printed books soon rivalled in beauty, as they superseded in economy, the fine
manuscripts of their day. The invention of Printing from movable types was one of the chief
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
30
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
OHamburgefonstiv
OHamburgefonstiv
Monotype Bembo: factory spacing
Monotype Bembo: cadence units spacing
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
3
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
OHamburgefonstiv
OHamburgefonstiv
Swift: factory spacing
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
Swift: cadence units spacing
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
32
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
OHamburgefonstiv
OHamburgefonstiv
OHamburgefonstiv
Documenta: factory spacing
Documenta: cadence units spacing
Documenta: Kernus spacing
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
33
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
34
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
The quick brown fox jumps
over the lazy dog.
ABCDEFGHJIJKLMNOPQR
The quick brown fox jumps
over the lazy dog.
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRS
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
3
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
Uses 18 units from stem to stem on the n,
resulting in 36 units in total
Uses consequently full cadenses for UC and LC stems
Uses 0 as smallest possible unit
Last update: 10 January 2014
Frank E. Blokland
http://www.lettermodel.org
extreme 0 extreme 0
stem 8 extreme 3
extreme 3 extreme 2
stem 8 extreme 3
stem 8 extreme 2
stem 8 extreme 2
extreme 3 stem 8
stem 8 stem 8
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
3
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
5
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
6
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
7/8
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
3
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
3
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
3
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
hpH
m
n-square
golden section rectangle
Kernagic
golden section rectangle
Cadence-units
golden section rectangle
Unitization
Grid
m-square
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
40
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
4
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
42
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
43
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
ascenders &
descenders
ascenders &
descenders
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
44
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
ascenders &
descenders
ascenders &
descenders
Grid
ascenders &
descenders
ascenders &
descenders
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
4
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
n-square
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
n-square
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
4
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
4
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
4
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
4
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
0
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
2
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
3
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
4
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
frank e. bLokLand
Hypotheses
Research
Grid
On the Origin of
(Latin) Type Species
Unitization
Cadence-units
Kernagic
Em-/en square
Sum of particles
LetterModeller
(Groundbreaking research of Darwinian importance
for the understanding of type and typography, and
for the parametrization of related design processes)
www.lettermodel.org
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204
