Marek Jan Microsoft Hyper V Performance Tuning

Microsoft Hyper-V
Performance Tuning
Jan Marek
Principle Architect
Cloud and Datacenter Platform Team Lead
[email protected]
Whos Jan?
v-guy
Hyper-V | App-V | MED-V | UE-V | Azure IaaS | VMware vSphere
System Center
Active Directory
PowerShell
MCSE | MCSA | MCITP | MCTS | MCT | MS

Working with Hyper-V since it was Viridian
Microsoft MVP for Hyper-V
This talk is about

Microsoft Hyper-V (Windows Server / Hyper-V Server)
2012 R2
Performance Tuning of
Host
Virtual Machines resources
Host (BIOS)
Latest BIOS/UEFI firmware
Configure BIOS High Perf and GPO High Perf
Host (Hardware)
Latest NICs firmware and drivers (but test, test and test!)
Avoid disabling VMQ (dVMQ)
Enable Jumbo Frames for CSV, iSCSI and LM networks
Disable Non-iSCSI communication types on iSCSI NICs
Dont use NIC teaming for iSCSI NICs use MPIO
NIC teaming inside guest OS (sw-dep) should use SR-IOV NICs
Use 4k native disks
Use 64k allocation unit size for drives hosting VHD(X)
Use auto-size for Page File
Use processors with SLAT support and large cache
Do NOT use MemoryReserve reg key
Use Parent Partition PerfMon

Always measure the CPU usage of the physical system by using
the Hyper-V Hypervisor Processor performance counters
Host (OS)
Core OS Edition
Windows Update + Hotfixes
&
Antivirus Exclusions
Host (Hyper-V)
Only Hyper-V role
VM Default Paths on non-system drive
Avoid multiple Virtual Network Switches (use VLANs)
Do NOT share adapter with physical OS
Do NOT leave Hyper-V Manager running

Leave Host NUMA enabled
Virtual Machine
No NUMA
VM
NUMA n1
Host
NUMA n2
vNUMA n1
vs.
vNUMA n1
VM
NUMA n1
Host
NUMA n2
Virtual Machine
Supported Guest OS (pay attention to Generation version)
Virtual Machine
9000
Dynamic Memory
8000
7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
Example 1
Example 2
Demand
Buffer/Free
Assigned
Example 3
Example 4
Memory Left
Virtual Machine
High Weight
3000
Dynamic Memory
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
1 hour
2 hours
3 hours
Minimum
4 hours
5 hours
Demand
6 hours
7 hours
8 hours
7 hours
8 hours
Assigned
Low Weight
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
1 hour
2 hours
3 hours
Minimum
4 hours
5 hours
Demand
6 hours
Assigned
Virtual Machine
Use Legacy Network Adapter only for PXE boot (Gen 1)
Remove unused vDevices (Gen 1)
VSP
VMbus
SYNTHETIC
Driver
hypervisor
hardware
LEGACY
Legacy Network Adapter = Intel 21140
Virtual Machine
Use Generation 2
Emulated 2 Synthetic
Generation 1 VM
Generation 2 VM
Virtual Machine
Install and update IS
Leave VM on logon screen + disable screen saver
Do NOT use VMconnect as a standard to connect to VM
Disable background activities:
SuperFetch
Windows Search
Scheduled Tasks (Defrag,)
Aero (optimize for performance)
Virtual Machine
Avoid using DHCP Guard and Router Guard
Dont forget to turn off Port Mirroring after use
For VLAN comm. use NICs with
NDIS_ENCAPSULATION_IEEE_802_3_P_AND_Q_IN_OOB encapsulation for

Large Send Offload and checksum offload support
Configure vRSS
VM Storage
Avoid CheckPoints
Avoid vIDE for data disks (Gen 1)
Use VHDX (instead of VHD or PT)
Fixed VHDs are recommended
Dynamic VHDXs are recommended
Check VHD (not VHDX) data allignment
Use ReFS in Hyper-V vNext
Use Virtual HBAs only if needed
Use Storage QoS
VM Storage
Configure Advanced I/O balancer only if needed (reg)
HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\StorVsp\
\IOBalance_Enabled
\IOBalance_KeepHwBusyLatencyTarget_Microseconds
-
how much work, represented by a latency value, the balancer allows to be issued to the hardware before throttling to provide better balance
default is 83ms
\IOBalance_AllowedPercentOverheadDueToFlowSwitching
-
how much work the balancer issues from a virtual machine before switching to another virtual machine
default is 8%
Cluster
Use Hyper-V cluster only for Hyper-V HA services
Separate Network Communication
Mgmt | VM | LM | HB | CSV | iSCSI | Backup
Set preferred network for CSV communication
(Get-ClusterNetwork "Cluster Network 1").Metric = 700 (< 1000)
Use CSV cache for read-oriented VMs (VDI)

(Get-Cluster).BlockCacheSize = 1024
LM: for >10Gbps use RDMA, for <10Gbps use compression

LM: increase the number of send and receive buffers on each LM NIC
Avoid using Low Priority VMs
SMB storage
Use 10Gbps RDMA NICs
Use Storage Spaces Write-Back Cache
Async Hyper-V cluster is not supported
Hosting SMB storage inside VM running on Hyper-V Cluster is
not supported
Thank you!
redtoo Prague
redtoo Brno
Na Pankrci 1683/127 (Gemini A)

Praha 4, 14000
Czech Republic
Holandsk 854/1
Brno, 639 00
Czech Republic
[email protected]
[email protected]
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2014 redtoo s.r.o.

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Microsoft Hyper-V

Hyper-V | App-V | MED-V | UE-V | Azure IaaS | VMware vSphere

MCSE | MCSA | MCITP | MCTS | MCT | MS

This talk is about

Use Parent Partition PerfMon

Do NOT leave Hyper-V Manager running

Legacy Network Adapter = Intel 21140

For VLAN comm. use NICs with

NDIS_ENCAPSULATION_IEEE_802_3_P_AND_Q_IN_OOB encapsulation for

Set preferred network for CSV communication

(Get-ClusterNetwork "Cluster Network 1").Metric = 700 (< 1000)

Use CSV cache for read-oriented VMs (VDI)

LM: for >10Gbps use RDMA, for <10Gbps use compression

Na Pankrci 1683/127 (Gemini A)

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