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L1 Useful Linux Commands Inode Information

This document provides useful Linux commands for checking system information like hardware details, memory and storage usage, installed packages, loaded kernel modules, and network configuration. It includes commands like dmidecode, ifconfig, lsmod, rpm, and sysctl to retrieve hardware, network interface, module, package and kernel parameter information. It also lists log files like /var/log/messages and /var/log/secure to check for system access and errors.

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cjane987
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54 views

L1 Useful Linux Commands Inode Information

This document provides useful Linux commands for checking system information like hardware details, memory and storage usage, installed packages, loaded kernel modules, and network configuration. It includes commands like dmidecode, ifconfig, lsmod, rpm, and sysctl to retrieve hardware, network interface, module, package and kernel parameter information. It also lists log files like /var/log/messages and /var/log/secure to check for system access and errors.

Uploaded by

cjane987
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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L1 useful Linux commands

Inode information
I-node usage can be checked
[root@bemlx2 ~]# df -i /var
Filesystem
Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg00-lv_var
524288 3834 520454 1% /var
System information
# uname -a
Linux bemlx2.na.pg.com 2.6.9-34.ELhugemem #1 SMP Fri Feb 24 17:04:34 EST 2006
i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux
cat /etc/redhat-release shows the current OS version and update
Server hardware details (serial number, model, bus details) can be found by using
the below command
# dmidecode
# echo $LANG show you the current system language
# free m will give you the memory and swap information
#hwclock show shows the hardware clock
Swapon s also shows the swap information
lspci shows all PCI device information
lsusb shows all USB device Inormation
ifconfig a shows all the lancard information.
sysreport -> collect some detailed information
about the hardware and setup of your Red Hat Linux system.
/var/log/messages will have all the standard system error messages
/var/log/dmesg kernel boot messages
/var/log/secure security , authentication and xinetd messages
/var/log/ all other application related logs
File system
fdisk l shows all the partition information
cat /proc/partitions also serve the same .

Hardware addresses
Cat /proc/*
lspci -vvv
dmesg
dmidecode
/sbin/hpasmcli
Etc..
hpasmcli is a utility to check the system health, it is a command based utility
hpasmcli> show
SHOW ASR
SHOW BOOT
SHOW DIMM
SHOW F1
SHOW FANS
SHOW HT
SHOW IML
SHOW IPL
SHOW NAME
SHOW PORTMAP
SHOW POWERSUPPLY
SHOW PXE
SHOW SERIAL [ BIOS | EMBEDDED | VIRTUAL ]
SHOW SERVER
SHOW TEMP
SHOW UID
SHOW WOL
Eg:hpasmcli> SHOW SERVER
System
: ProLiant ML370 G4
Serial No. : USE626NBD9
ROM version : P50 11/09/2005
iLo present : Yes
Embedded NICs : 1
NIC1 MAC: 00:17:08:54:dd:b2
Processor: 0

hpasmcli> SHOW FANS


Fan Location
Present Speed of max Redundant Partner Hot-pluggable
--- -------------- ----- ------ --------- ------- ------------#1 PROCESSOR_ZONE Yes
NORMAL 5%
No
N/A
Yes
#2 PROCESSOR_ZONE Yes
NORMAL 5%
No
N/A
Yes

#3 PROCESSOR_ZONE Yes
#4 PROCESSOR_ZONE Yes

NORMAL 5%
NORMAL 5%

No
No

N/A
N/A

Yes
Yes

Viewing kernel parameters


Tunable Parameter
sysctl a shows all kernel tunables
Loadable Modules
Modules are small kernel extensions that may be loaded and unloaded at will.
Module files are stored in /lib/modules/$(uname r)/
We may also add thritparty modules
lsmod displays the modules loaded
modinfo can be used for displaying the module information
Package Installation
RPM (RedHat package manager)
system-config-packages menu driven utility for package managing .
rpm command is used for package managing Via command line
rpm qi <package name> information about the package
rpm qf <file name> shows owning package
rpm ql <package name> query the list of files in the package
Networking
/etc/sysconfig/network Global Network parameters like gateway , hostname .
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 configuration file for Ist LAN card
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1 configuration file for IInd LAN card
mii-tool shows the link status and speed
ethtool <interface> will also shows the interface details
Sharing Files (NFS)
Daemons: nfsd ,lockd.statd portmap

system started (/etc/init.d/nfs.server (start | stop)


showmount e (displays the currently shared mount points)
showmount -a(remote mounts )

To Check System Access


To check for successful logins
last
To check for bad logins
lastb
To check for root access (and other su attempts e.g. su - oracle)
more /var/log/secure
There are also root history files for each user who executes sesu -
/var/opt/secu/log/root/.txxxxx

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