2015-Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis PDF

ABSTRACTS
ABSTRACT SYMPOSIUM
Fibrinogen
AS002
Transcriptome analysis reveals HNF4A as a miR-29C
target linked to reduced fibrinogen expression
Lukowski SW1,2, Fish RJ1,2 and Neerman-Arbez M1,2
1
Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva;
2
Institute of Genetics and Genomics in Geneva (IGE3), Geneva,
Switzerland
Background: The fibrinogen genes encode the three polypeptides of circulating soluble fibrinogen. Fibrinogen expression is controlled by
transcription factors that interact with regulatory elements in the
fibrinogen gene cluster. Fibrinogen mRNAs are sensitive to post-transcriptional regulation by miRNAs. In particular, overexpression of the
miR-29 family (hsa-miR-29abc) leads to down-regulation of the three
major fibrinogen transcripts but not as a consequence of a miR-29fibrinogen mRNA interaction. We hypothesized that this fine-tuning
of fibrinogen production is mediated via an upstream miR-29 target
that could regulate all three fibrinogen chains.
Aims: This study aimed to uncover the regulatory pathway involved in
miR-29-mediated control of fibrinogen expression.
Methods: Transcriptome analysis by RNA-seq was performed on
fibrinogen-expressing HepG2 cells, with and without miR29c overexpression. MiR-29c-resistant mRNAs for candidate fibrinogen regulatory proteins were co-expressed with miR-29c to assess their potential
to rescue fibrinogen expression.
Results: From over 1700 down-regulated differentially expressed
genes, our analysis confirmed the repression of fibrinogen transcripts
by miR-29c and identified a number of potential regulators of fibrinogen expression. These included the transcription factors HNF4A,
RXRA and MAZ that are all predicted miR-29c target mRNAs. Overexpression of a miR-29c-resistant HNF4A mRNA reversed the miR29c-mediated inhibition of the three fibrinogen genes, implicating
HNF4A as a critical fibrinogen regulator that is sensitive to post-transcriptionalregulation.
Conclusion: We identified HNF4A as a target for miR-29c and candidate fibrinogen regulator. Functional complementation of miR-29caffected fibrinogen expression was attained by increased HNF4A
expression. This provides a clear mechanism to the indirect effect of
miR-29 on fibrinogen expression and identifies HNF4A as a master
fibrinogen regulator.
Disclosure of Interest: None declared.
AS003
Characterisation of cellular fibrinogen phosphorylation
and its functional implications in clot formation
Smith KA, Cooke EJ, Cordell PA, Pease RJ, Brown JM,
Beckers CM, Simpson KR and Grant PJ
Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, Leeds Institute
of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds,
Leeds, UK
Background: Human fibrinogen is secreted from hepatocytes in its
phosphorylated form, with 25% of circulating fibrinogen phosphorylated exclusively at Aa chain Ser3 and Ser345. Phosphorylation of
fibrinogen is elevated in acute phase conditions, venous thrombosis
2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997
and ovarian cancer, but little is known about the regulation and effects
of this modification.
Aims: The aims of this study were to (i) determine the effects of acute
phase mediator interleukin-6 (IL-6) on the synthesis of phosphorylated
fibrinogen (p-fibrinogen), (ii) identify the kinase responsible, and (iii)
examine the effects of fibrinogen phosphorylation on clot structure.
Methods: HepG2 cells were cultured IL-6 and the phosphate content of secreted fibrinogen (1 lg) was analysed by western blotting
with an anti-phosphoserine antibody, while changes in kinase expression were examined by real-time PCR. The effects of fibrinogen phosphorylation on clot structure were determined by scanning electron
microscopy (SEM) and turbidimetric assays with purified enriched pfibrinogen.
Results: A 3.1-fold increase in p-fibrinogen was observed in the presence of IL-6, demonstrating that increased p-fibrinogen in acute phase
conditions is regulated at the cellular level. IL-6 significantly up-regulated expression of Golgi-casein kinase Fam20A (6.0-fold), in contrast
to CK2, Fam20B and Fam20C which were unchanged, suggesting that
Fam20A plays an important role in the hepatocellular response to
acute phase conditions, and may phosphorylate fibrinogen in vivo.
SEM and turbidimetric assays revealed that clots containing a higher
proportion of p-fibrin were composed of thinner fibres, with more
extensive branching and slower lysis times.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates that increased intracellular kinase
activity leads to elevated p-fibrinogen in acute phase conditions. The
observed alterations to clot phenotype suggest phosphorylation of
fibrinogen may help to stem bleeding following trauma, but may also
have serious implications in the development of thrombosis.
AS004
Mechanisms by which DNA, histones and neutrophil
extracellular traps stabilise clots towards mechanical
and fibrinolytic breakdown
1,
L3, Varga-Szabo
VJ1, Farkas AZ
Varju I1, Longstaff C2, Szabo
Komorowicz E1 and Kolev K1
1
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Semmelweis University,
Budapest, Hungary; 2National Institute for Biological Standards
and Control, South Mimms, UK; 3IMEC, Research Centre for
Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest,
Hungary
Background: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are meshworks of
DNA, histones and granular enzymes forming supplementary scaffolds in thrombi that can be dismantled by heparins. NETs as well as
isolated DNA and histones are known to promote thrombus formation and inhibit lysis by tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA).
Aims: To identify mechanisms of physical and fibrinolytic clot stabilisation by DNA and histones and optimise strategies for modulation
(e.g. with heparins, activated protein C (aPC) and DNase).
Methods: DNA histones or phorbol-myristate-acetate (PMA)-activated neutrophils in plasma clots were studied by scanning electron
microscopy, fibrinolysis assays and rheometry. Modulation of thrombin (IIa) or FXa inhibition by antithrombin (AT) heparin (UFH,
LMWH) was investigated with coagulometry and kinetic assays.
Results: DNA and histones increased median fiber diameters in plasma
clotsfrom 108 to 121 and 119 nm, respectively. Histones alone protected IIa from AT inhibition, and IIa and Xa from AT inhibition by
neutralising heparin with IC50 of < 10 lg mL1 histones against both
UFH and LMWH. In rheometry studies, clots were stabilised by histones and weakened by DNA; histone effects were neutralised by
UFH but potentiated by LMWH. DNA and histones slowed tPAinduced fibrinolysis but had no effect on plasmin inactivation by serpins. NETs from PMA-activated neutrophils also inhibited lysis,
ABSTRACTS
which could be reversed by the addition of DNAse, while aPC known

to cleave histones had no effect.
Conclusion: DNA and histones alter the fibrin architecture in plasma
clots indirectly (acting through IIa, Xa and AT with and without heparins) and directly by affecting fibrin structure, stability and fibrinolysis.
Interactions of histones with UFH and LMWH are not simply related
to charge but indicate complex structure relationships and fibrin binding. Cleavage of NET-bound histones is inefficient and has minor
effects on fibrinolysis, while DNAses enhance effectiveness of tPA.
Platelets and bacteria

AS005
Thrombus formation caused by invading pathogens:
the role of platelets
Kerrigan SW
School of Pharmacy & Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics,
Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
Given their small size platelets are emerging as being one of the most
important entities in the bloodstream. Not only do they play a key role
in maintaining thrombosis and haemostasis, platelets also play a critical role in orchestrating the immune response. Being the first cell at the
site of injury they are perfectly placed to assess the extent of the damage and recruit immune cells as is necessary. As a first line of defence
platelets can act as primitive immune cells themselves by interacting
with invading pathogens. Unlike physiological platelet agonists that
confer specificity for a platelet receptor, bacteria can engage several
platelet receptors at the same time. Binding maybe as a result of a
direct interaction when a bacterial adhesin binds directly to a platelet
receptor or other surface expressed component on the platelet. Alternatively an indirect interaction occurs when a bacterial adhesin binds
to a plasma protein or other soluble elements of the immune system
such as immunoglobulins and complement proteins which bridge the
bacteria to a specific receptor or other expressed component on the
platelet surface. Either way the end result is platelet activation. A
major limitation in our current understanding of platelet bacterial
interactions stems from the fact that the majority of previous studies
have been carried out under static or non-physiological conditions. It
has been argued in the literature that data obtained in vitro using static
binding assays or stirring may not be relevant to the fluid dynamic
environment encountered in the vasculature. There are a growing
number of papers in the literature in the last number of years suggesting that the local fluid environment of the circulation critically affects
the molecular pathways of cell-cell interactions. This paper will discuss
findings of platelet bacterial interactions obtained using fluid shear
conditions that represent physiological conditions in vivo and the lessons learned.
AS006
CLEC-2 is required for the activation of mouse
platelets by bacterial DNA mimetics
Delierneux C1, Hego A1, Lecut C1, Vandereyken M2,
Musumeci L2, Rahmouni S2, Bours V3, Lancellotti P1,4 and
Oury C1
1
Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, GIGA-Cardiovascular
Sciences, University of Li
ege; 2Immunology and Infectious
Diseases Unit, GIGA-Signal Transduction, University of Li
ege;
3
Department of Human Genetics, GIGA Research Center,
University of Li
ege; 4Department of Cardiology, Heart Valve
Clinic, CHU Sart-Tilman, GIGA Cardiovascular Sciences,
University of Li
ege Hospital, Li
ege, Belgium
Background: Short nuclease-resistant phosphorothioate synthetic CpG
motif-bearing oligonucleotides (CpG ODNs) mimicking bacterial
DNA display potent immunostimulatory activity and are therefore
being used in clinical trials as vaccine adjuvants. Cellular uptake and
activation depends on the interaction of CpG ODNs with the C-type
lectin receptor DEC-205 and subsequent stimulation of the Toll-like
receptor 9 (TLR9) and myeloid differentiation primary response 88
(MyD88) signaling cascade. Platelets express TLR9, MyD88, and the
C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC-2). However, the impacts of CpG
ODNs on platelet function have been elusive.
Aims: To evaluate whether CpG ODNs affect platelet activation and
thrombus formation via CLEC-2 and TLR9.
Methods: We incubated washed platelets or whole blood from TLR9-,
MyD88- or CLEC-2- deficient mice with CpG ODNs. We performed
platelet aggregometry, flow cytometric binding and platelet activation
assays as well as signal transduction analyses. Thrombus formation
and fibrin generation were also analyzed by intravital microscopy in
mouse microcirculation upon intravenous injection of CpG ODNs.
Results: We show that CpG ODNs bind on platelet surface and are
internalized. They activate platelets and induce their aggregation.
TLR9- or MyD88-deficient platelets aggregated normally in response
to CpG ODN. Interestingly, platelets deficient for the C-type lectin
receptor CLEC-2 were unable to capture and internalize CpG ODN.
CLEC-2 deficiencyabolished CpG ODN-induced platelet activation
and aggregation. CpG ODN stimulated CLEC-2 dependent tyrosine
kinase pathway and Syk phosphorylation. In vivo, intravenously
injected CpG ODN interacted with platelets adhered to laser injured
arteriolar endothelia and promoted fibrin generation and thrombus
growth.
Conclusion: CLEC-2 mediates CpG ODN uptake and subsequent
platelet activation, independently of TLR9, which may serve an
important role in the interplay between platelets and immunity.
AS007
Platelet Myd88 enhances cytokine production induced
by TLR agonists and Klebsiella pneumoniae
Claushuis TA1,2, de Stoppelaar SF1,2, van t Veer C1,2 and van der
Poll T1,2,3
1
Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine (CEMM);
2
Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam (CINIMA);
3
Division of Infectious Diseases, Academic Medical Center,
Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Background: MyD88 is the adaptor protein of TLR4 and TLR9, both
essential in host defense to K. pneumoniae. Platelets also play a crucial
role in resistance to K. pneumoniae and express TLR4 and TLR9.
While it has been shown that platelets modulate cytokine responses by
leukocytes, the exact mechanisms are not fully elucidated.
ABSTRACTS
Aims: To assess the role of platelet TLR signaling, specifically MyD88,
in modulation of immune response to TLR4, TLR9 and K. pneumoniae.
Methods: Platelet specific Myd88 KO (Plt-Myd88/) mice were created by crossing Myd88 floxed mice with mice expressing Cre recombinase under control of the PF4 promoter. Cre-negative littermates,
full Myd88/ and TLR9/ mice were used as controls. Sepsis was
induced by i.v. administration of viable K. pneumoniae. In vitro, heparinized whole blood was incubated with TLR4 agonist (LPS), TLR9
agonist (CpG ODN) or growth arrested K. pneumoniae. After 1 h
platelet activation and complex formation were determined by flow
cytometry. After 6 h, blood was centrifuged and TNF and CXCL1
were measured in plasma by ELISA.
Results: Whole blood of Plt-Myd88/ mice produced significantly less
TNF compared with blood from littermates in response to K. pneumoniae, LPS and CpG. Plt-Myd88/ blood stimulated with K. pneumoniae also released less CXCL1. The TNF response was absent in full
MyD88/ mice and with CpG stimulation also in TLR9/ mice. In
vivo, Plt-MyD88/ mice also had lower plasma TNF levels 2 h after
i.v. K. pneumoniae infection. CpG induced P-selectin and plateletmonocyte complex (PMC) formation in whole blood, which was
reduced in blood from TLR9/ and Myd88/ mice but not from
Plt-Myd88/ mice. This suggests that the reduced cytokine response
to TLR ligands in case of specific platelet Myd88 deficiency is dependent on other factors than P-selectin and PMC formation.
Conclusion: Platelet Myd88 enhances cytokine production induced by
K. pneumoniae, LPS and CpG.
AS008
Polyphosphate chain length determines antigenicity of
complexes formed with platelet factor 4 (PF4) and PF4binding to bacteria
T2, Helm CA1,
Delcea M1, Brandt S1, Krauel K1, Jaax M1, Renne
1
1
Hammerschmidt S and Greinacher A
1
University of Greifswald, Greifswald; 2University Hospital
Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
Background: Polyphosphates (polyP) are procoagulant, prothrombotic
and pro-inflammatory molecules and interfere with innate immune
mechanisms. Platelet factor 4 (PF4) is a platelet protein recently discovered to be involved in bacterial host defense mechanisms by binding to lipid A on bacterial surfaces, hereby undergoing a
conformational change which allows binding of anti-PF4/heparin antibodies.
Aims: We hypothesized that PF4 (stored in platelet alpha granules),
and polyP (stored in platelet dense granules), may interact with each
other in bacterial immune defense. We measure the interaction
between PF4 and polyP with different mean chain lengths (3-, 45-, and
75-mers) and investigate whether polyP influence the binding capacity
of PF4 to Gram-negative bacteria, consecutive binding of anti-PF4/
heparin antibodies and phagocytosis of bacteria.
Methods: Circular dichroism spectroscopy was used to investigate
changes in the secondary structure of PF4 induced by different polyP.
Binding of known anti-PF4/heparin antibodies to PF4/polyP complexes was assessed by enzyme immunoassays. The energetic characteristics of the PF4/polyP binding interactions were determined by
isothermal titration calorimetry. The influence of polyP on PF4-bindingto bacterial surfaces and anti-PF4/heparin antibody-mediated bacterial phagocytosis was studied by flow cytometry.
Results: Forty-five and 75-mer polyP formed, at specific stoichiometric
ratios, complexes with PF4 and induced conformational changes in
PF4 (approx. 40% antiparallel b-sheets) in a similar way as shown for
PF4 in PF4/heparin complexes. The exposed neoepitopes of PF4/
polyP complexes bind human anti-PF4/heparin antibodies obtained
from HIT-patients. PolyP ( 45 mers) enhance binding of PF4 to

E. coli, hereby facilitating bacterial opsonization and, in the presence
of human anti-PF4/polyanion antibodies, phagocytosis.
Conclusion: PolyP interact with PF4. An additional biological function
of polyP is a potential role as part of an ancient immune defense system recognizing bacteria.
AS009
Shear-resistant binding to von Willebrand factor
allows Staphylococcus lugdunensis to adhere to the
cardiac valves and initiate endocarditis
Liesenborghs L, Peetermans M, Claes J, Lox M, Vandenbriele C,
Criel M, Vanassche T, Hoylaerts M and Verhamme P
Center for molecular and vascular biology, Ku Leuven, Leuven,
Belgium
Background: Staphylococcus lugdunensis (S. lugdunensis) is an emerging cause of infective endocarditis and vascular infections. The binding
of S. lugdunensis to the vessel wall and valve endocardium under flow
requires a mechanism for shear stress resistant adhesion.
Aims: In this study, we investigated the role of platelets and von Willebrand factor (vWF) in the initial adhesion of S. lugdunensis in vascular
infections and endocarditis.
Methods: S. lugdunensis adhesion to vWF, collagen and endothelial
cells was studied in a parallel flow chamber model in the absence and
presence of platelets. In vivo adhesion of S. lugdunensis was evaluated
in a mouse microvasculature perfusion model and a newly developed
infective endocarditis model.
Results: S. lugdunensis, opposed to other coagulase negative staphylococci, is able to bind to vWF under flow thereby enabling its adhesion
to activated endothelial cells and the subendothelial matrix. In
inflamed vessels of the mesenteric circulation, vWF mediates the
recruitment of S. lugdunensis to the vessel wall. VWF is also essential
for the development of infective vegetations in a new inflammatory
endocarditis mouse model.
Conclusion: S. lugdunensis binds directly to vWF, which proved to be
essential for withstanding shear forces and for successful adhesion of
these bacteria to the vessel wall and the cardiac valves. This mechanism may help explain why S. lugdunensis causes more aggressive
infections, including endocarditis, compared to other coagulase negative staphylococci.
Genetic basis of platelet disorders

AS010
Megakaryocyte and platelet granule biogenesis
Kahr WH1,2
1
Departments of Paediatrics & Biochemistry, University of
Toronto; 2Division of Haematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick
Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
Platelet membrane-bound secretory granules: a-granules, dense (d-)
granules and lysosomes, originate in megakaryocytes and have distinctive cargo sets. d-granules contain calcium, polyphosphate, ADP, ATP
and serotonin, while a-granules are loaded with proteins that include
adhesion molecules, cytokines, coagulation/fibrinolytic proteins,
immune modulators and complement, growth and angiogenic factors.
Studies of inherited d-granule deficiencies (e.g. Hermansky-Pudlak
syndrome, HPS) and mouse models have linked several genes/proteins
ABSTRACTS
involved in the regulation of vesicle trafficking to d-granule formation,

including components of BLOC (biogenesis of lysosome-related
organelles complex) complexes, vesicle-trafficking proteins (VPS33A
and AP-3 subunits) and the BEACH domain containing protein
LYST. Less is known about a-granule development, where two inherited deficiencies: ARC syndrome (arthrogryposis, renal dysfunction,
and cholestasis) and gray platelet syndrome (GPS) are characterized
by the absence of a-granules and their cargo in platelets. We demonstrated that in ARC syndrome, caused by loss of function mutations in
either VPS33B encoding the Sec1/Munc18 (SM) protein VPS33B or
C14orf133 (VIPAS39) encoding the VPS33B binding protein
VPS16B, platelets lack a-granules. We and others have linked GPS to
loss of function mutations in NBEAL2 encoding a BEACH protein.
VPS33B/VPS16B null platelets lack the a-granule membrane protein
P-selectin, while NBEAL2 null platelets contain it, suggesting that
VPS33B/VPS16B are involved in early a-granule formation while
NBEAL2 promotes granule maturation and/or cargo loading. Our
observation that Nbeal2 knockout mice show aberrant megakaryocyte/platelet development but unaltered expression of VPS33B/
VPS16B support this model. GPS and ARC platelets lack a-granules
and contain d-granules, while HPS platelets lack d-granules and contain a-granules, indicating distinct cellular pathways of platelet granule biogenesis.
AS011
Consecutive SLFN14 mutations in 3 unrelated families
with an inherited bleeding disorder, thrombocytopenia
and secretion defects
Fletcher S1, Johnson B1, Lowe G1, Bem D1, Drake S1,
u IS1,2, Dawood B1, Rivera J2, Simpson M3,
Lordkipanidze M1, Gui
4
5
Daly M , Motwani J , Collins P6, Watson S1, Morgan NV1 and on
behalf of the UK GAPP Study Group
1
Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham,
n,
Birmingham, UK; 2Centro Regional de Hemodonacio
Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain; 3Division of Genetics and
Molecular Medicine, Kings College London, London;
4
Department of Cardiovascular Science, University of Sheffield,
Sheffield; 5Department of Haematology, Birmingham Childrens
Hospital, Birmingham; 6Arthur Bloom Haemophilia Centre,
Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
Background: Inherited thrombocytopenias are a rare heterogeneous
group of disorders characterised by a low platelet count and sometimes associated with excessive bleeding, ranging from mild to severe.
Just over 20 forms of inherited thrombocytopenia have been described
to date, however in approximately 50% of patients with an inherited
thrombocytopenia a causative gene remains to be identified.
Aims: To study a cohort of patients with inherited thrombocytopenia
and excessive bleeding using platelet phenotyping and next generation
sequencing to identify novel disease genes.
Methods: Thirty-six patients and 17 family members all displaying a
reduced platelet count were recruited to the UK-GAPP (Genotyping
and Phenotyping of Platelets) study. All patients had a history of
excessive bleeding and all major known causes of inherited thrombocytopenia had been excluded prior to enrolment. Platelet phenotyping
and whole exome sequencing was performed on all patients.
Results: Whole exome sequencing identified mutations in the novel
gene SLFN14 in 12 patients from three unrelated families. All patients
displayed an analogous phenotype of moderate thrombocytopenia,
enlarged platelets, decreased ATP secretion upon stimulation with
platelet agonists and a dominant inheritance pattern. SLFN14 codes
for a protein of unknown function, Schlafen family member 14
(SLFN14). Three heterozygous missense mutations predicting
p.K218E, p.K219N, p.V220D substitutions within an ATPase-AAA-4,

GTP/ATP binding region were identified in affected but not unaffected family members. Platelets from all three families had a marked
reduction in expression of endogenous SLFN14. This corresponded
with expression studies in HEK293T cells which demonstrated a significant reduction in all three mutants relative to the wild type protein,
suggesting instability.
Conclusion: We have identified mutations in SLFN14 as causative for
an inherited thrombocytopenia and significant bleeding, outlining a
fundamental role for SLFN14 in platelet formation and megakaryopoiesis.
AS012
Unravelling rare bleeding and platelet disorders (BPD)
using comprehensive phenotyping and genome
sequencing
Lentaigne C and on behalf of BRIDGE Bleeding and Platelet
Disorders (BPD) Consortium
Department of Haematology, Imperial College London, London,
UK
Background: Rare inherited BPD are heterogeneous and the majority
have an undefined molecular basis. Current laboratory investigations
are laborious and lack sensitivity and specificity. The BRIDGE-BPD
consortium is set up to identify novel genes causing these disorders
through a combination of detailed clinical and laboratory phenotyping, genome sequencing and application of novel analysis methods
Aims: Identify novel genes and pathways causing inherited BPDs.
Methods: Nearly 1000 cases with unexplained BPDs have been
enrolled from 16 international centres and > 700 have undergone genome sequencing. The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) terms
library was updated to comprehensively annotate BPD cases and used
to record clinical and laboratory phenotypes. A clustering algorithm
was developed to identify phenotypically similar cases and identify
candidate genes.
Results: Amedian of 7 HPO annotations per case were recorded and
analysis of terms revealed the heterogeneous and complex nature of
BPD with 60% of cases having abnormalities recorded in organ systems other than the blood, notably in nervous, immune and skeletal
systems. Known and new syndromic disorders (e.g. MYH9 and a new
GPS-like syndrome) clustered by HPO phenotype, as did cases with
ACTN1 variants, validating the algorithm. Phenotypic clustering
analysis led to the discovery of novel BPD genes at 5q31, 5p13, 18q11
and 20q11 including novel causes of macrothrombocytopenia and
Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome. Additionally, we replicated recent BPD
gene discoveries in ACTN1, GFI1B and RASGRP.
Conclusion: We demonstrate that detailed clinical phenotyping using
HPO can cluster similar cases within a heterogeneous BPD cohort.
Combined with a novel statistical algorithm and large-scale genotyping this approach has led to the discovery of novel BPD genes and
could also be applied to other rare disorders with genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity. Our discoveries contribute to understanding of
genes controlling platelet formation and haemostasis.
ABSTRACTS
AS013
A dominant gain-of-function mutation in a tyrosine
kinase gene causes a new gray platelet-like syndrome
with bone pathologies
Wijgaerts A and on behalf of BRIDGE-BPD consortium
Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and
Vascular Biology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
Background: The BRIDGE-BPD consortium is a multi-centre collaboration working to identify novel genetic causes of inherited bleeding
and platelet disorders (BPD) in about 1000 BPD cases.
Aims: To identify novel genes causing BPD.
Methods: Genome sequencing in combination with an analysis
approach based on using the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO)
terms collected for the BPD cases with Mouse Phenotype Ontology
terms and megakaryocyte-specific gene expression data identified by
the Blueprint consortium (Chen, Science, 2014).
Results: Using this analysis approach, a dominant mutation was found
in a kinase gene located at chromosome 20q in a three-generation pedigree with dominant macrothrombocytopenia, bleeding, myelofibrosis,
facial dysmorphism and bone pathologies as osteoporosis, premature
edentulism and fractures. Increased activation of this kinase was found
in cancer but germline mutations related to human disease did not
exist. Knockout mice for the kinase only have impaired bone formation with normal platelet counts and no bleeding. Megakaryocytes
grown from blood-derived hematopoietic stem cells of 3 affected cases
show a defect in proplatelet formation and alpha granule biogenesis,
which results in the production of dysmorphic platelets that strongly
mimic the Gray Platelet Syndrome (GPS). Electron microscopy of
their platelets showed a marked reduction in the number of alpha
granules and the presence of large platelets with many vacuoles. Platelets have reduced alpha granule contents and are dysfunctional. A 3D
model of the amino acid substitution predicts opening of the kinase
self-inhibitory pocket, which is supported by phosphorylation of tyrosine residue present on active open kinase in platelets and megakaryocytes of affected patients and in transfected COS-7 cells.
Conclusion: Our data show that a germline gain-of-function mutation
in a kinase causes of a novel syndromic form of dominant GPS with
development of myelofibrosis and bone pathologies.
Aims: The aim of this study was to clarify the genetic cause of familial
thrombocytopenia with normal platelet size with a suspected dominant
mode of transmission but with no known responsible mutation documented.
Methods: We performed a whole-exome sequencing in six family members. In vitro experiments were conducted to determine the effects of
the identified mutation. Peripheral CD34+ cells were differentiated in
megakaryocytes. Transcriptional regulatory properties and recruitment of corepressors of the wild-type and mutant were analyzed using
Luciferase reporter plasmid.
Results: Exome sequencing identified a heterozygous single nucleotide
mutation in Ets-Variant Gene 6 (ETV6, c.641C>T; p.P214L). This
mutation is located in the central region involved in the recruitment of
a repression complex. Screening for ETV6 mutations in 8 unrelated
patients suffering autosomal dominant thrombocytopenia without
known genetic etiologies revealed another mutation in ETV6 leading
to a stop codon (c.601_602insC; p.L201Pfs*15).
Both mutations were associated with low repressive ETV6 activity
(residual repressive activity 28% and 0% respectively). p.P214L mutation did not lead to a decreased binding of corepressors (N-CoR,
SMRT, Sin3A). p.P214L carrier bone marrow displays dysmegakaryopoiesis with an increased number of megakaryoblasts and hypolobulated megakaryocytes. p.P214L associates with a large expansion of
CFU-GM/G/M/MK, a high number of early megakaryocytes and
decreased proplatelet formation. Carriers of p.P214L displayed a high
level of circulating CD34+ cells.
Conclusion: Defects in ETV6 activity affect the terminal maturation of
megakaryocytes and is responsible of autosomal dominant thrombocytopenia.
New alternatives for treating

bleeding disorders
AS015
The potential of bispecific antibodies for treatment of
hemophilia A
Shima M
Pediatrics, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
AS014
Mutation in Ets Variant Gene 6 associates with
autosomal dominant thrombocytopenia and raised
levels of circulating CD34+ cells
Poggi M1, Baccini V1, Favier M1, Canault M1, Mezzapesa A1,
Ghalloussi D1, Chelghoum N2, Mohand-Oumoussa B2, Falaise C1,
Peiretti F1, Morange PE1, Saut N1, Ghysdael J3, Nurden AT4,
Guidez F5, Bernot D1, Nurden P4, Raslova H6, Tregouet D-A7 and
Alessi M-C1
1
Laboratory NORT, UMR1062 Inserm, Aix-Marseille Universit
e,
e-Salp^
etri
ere (P3S),
Marseille; 2Post-Genomic Platform of Piti
Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris; 3Inserm UMR 1005,
Orsay; 4LIRYC, Plateforme Technologique et dInnovation
^pital Xavier Arnozan, Pessac; 5Institut
Biom
edicale, Ho
Universitaire dHematologie (IUH), Universit
e Paris Diderot,
^pital Saint-Louis, Paris; 6Inserm U1009, Gustave Roussy,
Ho
Universite Paris Sud, Villejuif; 7ICAN, Inserm UMR 1166, Paris,
France
Background: Unraveling the defective molecular mechanisms involved
in inherited thrombocytopenias is important not only to assure correct
treatment but also to allow proper prognosis.
There are several barriers in the current treatment for severe hemophilia A. One is need of multiple intravenous infusions. The other is
difficulty in the hemostatic treatment for the patients who developed
FVIII inhibitor. The third one is high drug cost. In or der to overcome
these unmet needs, we produced FVIIIa mimicking humanized recombinant bispecific antibody, ACE910, against FIXa and FX. Primate
model of acquired hemophilia A demonstrated that the ACE910 was
effective on both on-going and spontaneous bleedings. Phase I study
were conducted in 64 Japanese and Caucasian healthy adults by single
subcutaneous infusion of ACE910. There was no safety issue in the
clinical and laboratorial findings including thrombotic parameters
such as FDP and D-dimer. The half-life of the ACE910 was approximately 30 days. Furthermore, ACE910 shortened aPTT and increased
peak height of thrombin generation dose-dependently in FVIIIdepleted plasma. This study also included patient part. In this study,
Japanese patients with severe hemophilia A (FVIII:C < 1%, ages 12
59 years) were treated with once-weekly SC ACE910 at one of the following dose levels for 12 successive weeks: 0.3 (C1), 1 (C2) and
3 mg kg1 (C3) followed by extension study up to 9.5 M. Each cohort
included 6 patients (18 patients in total). All adverse events were mild
or moderate. No thromboembolic AEs were reported, even when
FVIII or bypassing agents were administered as on-demand therapy in
the presence of ACE910. Four patients in the C1 and C2, and three
patients in the C3 cohort had FVIII inhibitors. The inhibitor titers
were 3111 BU mL1. The median ABR in the C1, C2 and C3 was
ABSTRACTS
reduced from 32.5 to 2.0, 18.3 to 1.2, and 15.2 to 0, respectively. In

conclusion, prophylactic treatment by ACE910 by weekly subcutaneous administration was well tolerated and remarkably decreased the
number of bleeding episodes in patients with and without FVIII inhibitor.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Shima Grant/Research Support from: Chugai, Bayer, Baxter, Biogen Idec, novo nordisk, Pfizer, Consultant for:
Chugai.
AS016
A recombinant fusion protein linking coagulation
factor VIIA with albumin (RVIIA-FP) binds to neonatal
Fc receptor and tissue factor in vitro
Cattepoel S1, Gaida A1, Illi M1, Spirig R1, Herzog E2, Chia J3,
Verhagen A3, Muir I3, Braley H3 and Zollner S1
1
CSL Behring Ag, Bern, Switzerland; 2CSL Behring GmbH,
Marburg, Germany; 3CSL Ltd., Parkville, Vic., Australia
Background: A recombinant fusion protein linking coagulation factor
VIIa with human albumin (rVIIa-FP) was developed to extend the
half-life of rVIIa-FP aiming to increase convenience in the treatment
of hemophilia patients with FVII deficiency or with FVIII/FIX inhibitors. A comparative study in rats using [3H] labelled proteins showed
a comparable biodistribution pattern of rVIIa-FP compared to
rFVIIa, but different kinetics of distribution and elimination consistent with the extended half-life of rVIIa-FP. Binding to neonatal Fc
Receptor (FcRn) is an established intracellular recycling mechanism
for half-life extension in vivo, relevant for albumin and immunoglobulins. Binding to the endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) expressed
on vascular cells and interactions with tissue factor (TF) have also
been suggested to influence rFVIIa clearance and tissue kinetics. However, to date these interactions have not been fully characterized.
Aims: In this study we investigated possible binding partners for
rVIIa-FP on target cells, to illustrate the biodistribution pattern of
rVIIa-FP.
Methods: Binding of rVIIa-FP to FcRn was investigated in a cell-based
assay using an FcRn-overexpressing 293F cell line. TF binding of
rVIIa-FP was analyzed in the human epidermoid carcinoma cell line
A-431. Moreover, interactions of rVIIa-FP with FcRn, TF and EPCR
were further characterized using Octet, Surface Plasmon Resonance
(SPR) and Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC).
Results: We found that rVIIa-FP binds to A-431 cells and co-localizes
with TF. Analysis of receptor binding revealed that rVIIa-FP interacts
dose-dependently with EPCR, TF and FcRn.
Conclusion: We conclude that rVIIa-FP, might take an additional
route of processing, which can help to explain the observed difference
in elimination kinetics between rVIIa-FP and rFVIIa. Thus, the presented findings further support clinical investigation of rVIIa-FP for
improved therapeutic effectiveness.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Cattepoel Employee of: CSL Behring AG, A.
Gaida Employee of: CSL Behring AG, M. Illi Employee of: CSL Behring AG, R. Spirig Employee of: CSL Behring AG, E. Herzog
Employee of: CSL Behring GmbH, J. Chia Employee of: CSL Ltd., A.
Verhagen Employee of: CSL Ltd., I. Muir Employee of: CSL Ltd., H.
Braley Employee of: CSL Ltd., S. Zollner Employee of: CSL Behring
AG.
AS017
Long-term safety and prophylactic efficacy of onceweekly subcutaneous administration of ACE910, in
Japanese hemophilia A patients with and without FVIII
inhibitors: interim results of the extension study of a
phase 1 study
Shima M1, Hanabusa H2, Taki M3, Matsushita T4, Sato T5,
Fukutake K6, Fukazawa N7, Yoneyama K7, Yoshida H7,
Takahashi H8 and Nogami K1
1
Department of Pediatrics, Nara Medical University, Kashihara,
Nara; 2Department of Hematology and Pediatrics, Ogikubo
Hospital, Suginami-ku, Tokyo; 3Department of Pediatrics, St.
Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Kanagawa;
4
Department of Transfusion Medicine, Nagoya University,
Nagoya, Aichi; 5Department of Pediatrics, University of
Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka;
6
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical University,
Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo; 7Clinical Research Planning Dept., Chugai
Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Chuo-ku, Tokyo; 8Department of
Internal Medicine, Niigata Prefectural Kamo Hospital, Kamo,
Niigata, Japan
Background: ACE910 is a humanized bispecific antibody that binds
factors IXa and X, thereby mimicking the cofactor function of factor
VIII (FVIII). We have previously reported that ACE910 has preferable safety and promising efficacy profiles in a phase 1 study.
Aims: To investigate the safety and efficacy of long-term treatment
with ACE910 in hemophilia A patients (pts).
Methods: In the phase 1 study, 18 Japanese hemophilia A pts received
once-weekly subcutaneous ACE910 at one of the following dose levels
for 12 weeks: 0.3, 1 and 3 mg kg1. These pts were offered to continue
on the extension study, including the option to escalate the dose. The
studies were approved by all local site ethics committees. Informed
consent was obtained from each patient.
Results: Interim data of the phase 1 and extension study combined are
presented in this abstract, with a median follow-up of 9.5 months todate. Age ranged from 12 to 58 years. The number of pts with FVIII
inhibitors includedwas 4, 4 and 3 respectively for each dose level. A
total of 16 pts participated in the extension study. The ACE910 dose
was escalated in 2 pts from 0.3 to 1 mg kg1 due to frequent bleeding.
Eighty adverse events (AEs) reported in 17 pts were mild or moderate.
No thromboembolic AE was reported, even when FVIII or bypassing
agents were given concomitantly as on-demand therapy. Anti-ACE910
antibodies screened by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay were
developed in 2 pts, which did not affect ACE910 pharmacokinetics or
pharmacodynamics.
The annualized bleeding rate (ABR) decreased compared to the ABR
prior to ACE910 initiation for both pts with and without inhibitors.
The median ABR was reduced from 32.5 to 2.0, 18.3 to 1.2, and 15.2
to 0.0 for the 0.3, 1 and 3 mg kg1 dose levels, respectively.
Conclusion: The long-term safety and efficacy data show that ACE910
could be a groundbreaking treatment option for hemophilia A pts irrespective of the presence of FVIII inhibitors. In addition to promising
efficacy, ACE910 improved the quality of life.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Shima Grant/Research Support from: Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Consultant for: Chugai Pharmaceutical
Co., Ltd., H. Hanabusa Grant/Research Support from: Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., M. Taki Grant/Research Support from: Chugai
Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., T. Matsushita Grant/Research Support
from: Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., T. Sato Grant/Research Support from: Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., K. Fukutake Grant/
Research Support from: Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., N. Fukazawa Shareholder of: Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Employee of:
Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., K. Yoneyama Employee of: Chugai
Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., H. Yoshida Employee of: Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., H. Takahashi Consultant for: Chugai Pharmaceuti 2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997
ABSTRACTS
cal Co., Ltd., K. Nogami Grant/Research Support from: Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Consultant for: Chugai Pharmaceutical Co.,
Ltd.
AS018
Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of TFPIneutralizing antibody (BAY1093884) in cynomolgus
monkeys and prediction of human dose
Gu J-M1, Ho E1, Zhao X-y1, Schwarz T2, Schuhmacher J2,
Subramanyan B1, Tran K1, Patel C1 and Koellnberger M1
1
Bayer HealthCare LLC, San Francisco, CA, USA; 2Bayer Pharma
AG, Wuppertal, Germany
Background: BAY1093884 is a fully human monoclonal antibody
against tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) developed as a bypass
agent for hemophilia patients with inhibitors. In vitro, BAY1093884
potently binds to human, mouse and monkey TFPI with a KD of
50 pM.
Aims: The objective of this study is to find a pharmacodynamic (PD)
biomarker after intravenous (i.v) and subcutaneous (s.c) administration of BAY1093884 into normal monkeys, and to develop dosing
strategy for BAY1093884 that may be used for the treatment of hemophilia.
Methods: We have employed FXa captured TFPI ELISA assay to
quantify functional free TFPI levels and a diluted prothrombin time
(dPT) to measure TFPI anticoagulant activity.
Results: The IC50 (concentration that inhibits 50% of TFPI levels and
dPT clotting time) of BAY1093884 was determined to be 4.65 and
6.19 nM in monkey plasma. The pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of
BAY1093884 and the PD effects on dPT clotting time and free-TFPI
levels were assessed after i.v and s.c administration of BAY 1093884 to
female cynomolgus monkeys at doses of 5 and 20 mg kg1. Free TFPI
concentrations in plasma decreased rapidly and returned to baseline in
a dose-dependent manner. The dPT clotting time was also shortened
and correlates to free TFPI levels and drug concentration in plasma
over the time after administration of BAY1093884 to monkeys. These
results clearly demonstrate the relationship between PD activities (dPT
clotting time and free TFPI levels) and the drug concentration. The
estimated efficacious concentration of BAY1093884 was determined to
be 6 lg mL1 or 40 nM. Moreover, BAY1093884 exhibited non-linear PK, and a target-mediated drug disposition (TMDD) model was
used to characterize BAY1093884 vs. TFPI concentration response
relationship.
Conclusion: From this modeling application, we conclude that mechanism-based PK/PD binding model is useful for predicting human
response to BAY1093884. For the first in man study, the measurement
of free-TFPI will be included as part of dose escalation design.
Disclosure of Interest: J.-M. Gu Employee of: Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, E. Ho Employee of: Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals,
X.-Y. Zhao Employee of: Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, T. Schwarz Employee of: Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, J. Schuhmacher Employee of: Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, B. Subramanyan
Employee of: Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, K. Tran Employee
of: Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, C. Patel Employee of: Bayer
HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, M. Koellnberger Employee of: Bayer
HealthCare Pharmaceuticals.
AS019
Thrombin generation is increased in plasma from
healthy males who have received concizumab, an
antibody against tissue factor pathway inhibitor
(ExplorerTM2)
Waters EK, Sigh J, Ezban M and Hilden I
NovoNordisk A/S, M
alv, Denmark
Background: Inhibition of tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) may
be an effective treatment for haemophilia by allowing sufficient thrombin generation by tissue factor (TF), factor (F) VIIa and FXa in the
initiation phase of coagulation. Concizumab, an anti-TFPI antibody,
was tested in a multi-centre, open-labelled, multiple dosing phase 1
clinical trial (ExplorerTM2) where it was administered subcutaneously
to healthy males.
Aims: To investigate if concizumab improves thrombin generation in
plasma from healthy males.
Methods: Four healthy males received 250 lg kg1 concizumab every
other day 8 times. Blood was collected at each visit in tubes with 3.2%
trisodium citrate and 50 lg mL1 corn trypsin inhibitor. Thrombin
generation was measured in platelet-poor plasma with 1 pM TF and
4 lM phospholipids. Concizumab and free TFPI levels were measured
via ELISA. A subset of samples was treated with a neutralising FVIII
antibody to mimic haemophilia A inhibitor plasma before measuring
thrombin generation.
Results: Thrombin generation parameters of peak thrombin, endogenous thrombin potential and velocity index increased in plasma samples after concizumab dosing compared to baseline (no concizumab)
samples. All parameters returned to baseline by trial end. Over the
course of the trial, concizumab levels increased, and free TFPI levels
decreased. When baseline samples and samples after concizumab dosing were treated with a neutralising FVIII antibody, the presence of
concizumab resulted in increased thrombin generation.
Conclusion: Concizumab administration improves thrombin generation in plasma from healthy males. Thrombin generation correlates
with concizumab (directly) and TFPI (inversely) levels. In plasma treated with a neutralising FVIII antibody, improved thrombin generation
was observed in the presence of concizumab as compared to plasma
without concizumab. These findings suggest that concizumab administered to patients with haemophilia should improve thrombin generation.
Disclosure of Interest: E. Waters Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S, J.
Sigh Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S, M. Ezban Employee of: Novo
Nordisk A/S, I. Hilden Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S.
Womens issue in venous

thrombosis
AS020
Antithrombotic therapy to prevent placenta mediated
complications
Silver RM
Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City,
UT, USA
Several adverse obstetric outcomes are associated with placental insufficiency. Examples include fetal growth restriction (FGR), preeclampsia and fetal death. Taken together, these disorders affect between 5%
and 10% of pregnancies. Placental insufficiency can be due to abnormal placental development, placental damage or both. In some cases,
this is thought to be due to abnormal blood flow, with or without
thrombosis in the uteroplacental circulation. In turn, this leads to
infarction of placental tissue and subsequent obstetric complications.
This hypothesis was initially fueled by observations in women with an-
ABSTRACTS
tiphospholipid syndrome (APS), which led to the use of anticoagulant

therapy in women with the condition. However, anticoagulant therapy
is now widely used in women without APS in hopes of improving
obstetric outcomes. Despite widespread use, proof of efficacy is lacking. Studies assessing the use of anticoagulant therapies including aspirin and heparins in hopes of preventing placenta mediated
complications will be reviewed. Important subsets of women including
APS, heritable thrombophilias and those with prior obstetric disorders
will be discussed. Other potentially beneficial effects of anticoagulant
therapy including decreased inflammation and enhanced placental
growth and development will be reviewed. Finally, recommendations
for evidence-based practice and future research will be emphasized.
AS021
Time to live birth in women with recurrent miscarriage
and inherited thrombophilia
de Jong PG1, Kaandorp SP2, Kool RO1, Hutten BA3,
Middeldorp S1 and Goddijn M4
1
Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of
Amsterdam, Amsterdam; 2Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Zaans
Medical Center, Zaandam; 3Clinical epidemiology, Biostatistics
and Bioinformatics4Center for Reproductive Medicine, Academic
Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The
Netherlands
Background: We recently reported on the time to conception and time
to live birth in the first subsequent pregnancy in women with unexplained recurrent miscarriage. Time to conception was about 2-fold
shorter in women who carried factor V Leiden as compared to noncarriers. The prognosis of women with inherited thrombophilia and
recurrent miscarriage after multiple pregnancy attempts however, is
unknown.
Aims: To evaluate the association between inherited thrombophilia
and time to live birth after multiple pregnancy attempts over an
extended follow-up period in women with unexplained recurrent miscarriage.
Methods: Cohort study of women with two or more miscarriages
(n = 364), who participated in the ALIFE study (Kaandorp, NEJM
2010). Data of subsequent pregnancies were collected using questionnaires between November 2012 and September 2014. Primary outcome
measure was time to first live birth since the last miscarriage prior to
randomization in the ALIFE study. The probability of a live birth was
estimated using competing risks analyses, where reaching the age of
46 years was considered a competing risk for a live birth.
Results: Follow-up data were available for 271 of 364 (74%) women,
with a median follow-up of 84 months (range 15169 months).
Thrombophilia was considered absent if not available (n = 42). Inherited thrombophilia was diagnosed in 41/271 (15%) women. The cumulative probability of live birth for the full cohort was 15%, 55%, 77%
and 81% after 1, 2, 5 and 10 years, respectively. Inherited thrombophilia was not associated with time to live birth in univariate and multivariate analyses (adjusted hazard ratio 1.15, 95% confidence interval
0.771.72).
Conclusion: The prognosis of women with unexplained recurrent miscarriage to achieve a live birth after multiple pregnancy attempts is not
affected by inherited thrombophilia. This may reflect an increased
number of miscarriages after an initial shorter time to conception in
these women.
Disclosure of Interest: P. de Jong, S. Kaandorp, R. Kool, B. Hutten,
and M. Goddijn: None declared; S. Middeldorp Grant/Research Support from: Research grants from GSK and Aspen, Speaker Bureau of:
Speaker fees from GSK.
AS022
Hormonal therapy and the risk of recurrent venous
thromboembolism in women receiving anticoagulant
treatment
Martinelli I1, Lensing AW2, Beyer-Westendorf J3, Trajanovic M4,
Gebel M2, Lam P5 and Prins MH6
1
Fondazione IRCCS Ca Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico,
A. Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Milan,
Italy; 2Bayer HealthCare, Wuppertal; 3Department of Vascular
Medicine, University Hospital Carl-Gustav Carus, Technische
Universit
at Dresden, Dresden, Germany; 4Bayer HealthCare
Pharmaceuticals Inc., Whippany, NJ, USA; 5Bayer HealthCare,
Ho Chi Min, Viet Nam; 6Maastricht University Medical Centre,
Maastricht, The Netherlands
Background: Women of childbearing potential who receive anticoagulation with coumarin derivatives require adequate contraception
because these agents may cause both fetal bleeding and severe embryopathy. In women using anticoagulants, physicians are reluctant to
prescribe estrogen-containing therapies because of the documented
increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), despite an absence
of data in the literature on the risk of recurrent VTE during anticoagulation.
Aims: To compare the incidence of recurrent VTE with and without
concomitant hormonal therapy in women aged 60 years randomized
to rivaroxaban or enoxaparin/vitamin K antagonist (VKA) in the randomized EINSTEIN DVT and PE trials.
Methods: Incidence-densities in % per year were computed for the on
and off hormonal therapy periods. Cox regression models were fitted,
with hormonal therapy (on vs. off) as a time-dependent variable to
derive the hazard ratio (HR) for its effects on recurrent VTE.
Results: A total of 1888 women aged 60 years were included in this
analysis, of whom 475 received hormonal therapy (306 estrogen-containing, 217 progestin-only, including 48 who used both therapies one
after the other). The accumulated patient-years at risk on hormonal
therapy were 187.5 years (estrogen-containing: 109.5 years; progestinonly: 78.0 years), and 811.0 years for without use. Seven recurrent
VTE events occurred during hormonal therapy and 38 events occurred
in the period without use. Crude incidence-densities were
3.7% per year and 4.7% per year with and without hormonal therapy. The crude incidence-densities for estrogen-containing and progestin-only therapy were 3.7% per year and 3.8% per year. The HR,
stratified for age and adjusted for pre-randomization use of hormonal
therapy, active cancer and assigned treatment was 0.56 (95% confidence interval 0.231.39).
Conclusion: Use of either estrogen-containing or progestin-only therapy was not associated with an increased risk of recurrent VTE in
women receiving either rivaroxaban or enoxaparin/VKA.
Disclosure of Interest: I. Martinelli: None declared, A. Lensing
Employee of: Bayer HealthCare, J. Beyer-Westendorf Grant/Research
Support from: Bayer HealthCare, Daiichi Sankyo, Pfizer, Boehringer
Ingelheim, Novartis and LEO Pharma, M. Trajanovic Employee of:
Bayer HealthCare, M. Gebel Employee of: Bayer HealthCare, P. Lam
Employee of: Bayer HealthCare, M. Prins Grant/Research Support
from: Bayer, Sanofi-Aventis, Boehringer Ingelheim, GSK, Daiichi
Sankyo, LEO Pharma, ThromboGenics and Pfizer.
ABSTRACTS
AS023
The proportion of nondiagnostic computed
tomographic pulmonary angiography and ventilation/
perfusion lung scans in pregnant women with
suspected pulmonary embolism: a systematic review
Parker A, Alotaibi G, Wu C and Lapner ST
Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB,
Canada
Background: Both computed tomographic pulmonary angiography
(CTPA) and ventilation/perfusion (VQ) lung scanning are used to
investigate patients with suspected pulmonary embolism (PE), however, controversy exists regarding which is better to use in pregnant
women. The chance of obtaining a nondiagnostic result is important
when choosing an imaging test in patients with suspected PE. While
CTPA has a lower proportion of nondiagnostic scans compared to VQ
in the non-pregnant population, the proportion of nondiagnostic scans
in pregnant women is unknown for either modality.
Aims: To determine the proportion of nondiagnostic CTPA and the
proportion of nondiagnostic VQ scans in pregnant women with suspected PE.
Methods: We searched the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases for relevant studies. We included retrospective or prospective
studies (including abstracts) that enrolled pregnant or postpartum
women who underwent CTPA or VQ lung scanning for suspected PE
and reported the number of nondiagnostic scans for either test. Pooled
proportions of nondiagnostic scans were calculated using a random
effects model for CTPA and for VQ. Predefined subgroup analysis
included antepartum vs. postpartum, dose of CT contrast agent and
dose of perfusion tracer.
Results: Twenty-two studies including 2391 scans were eligible for
inclusion. Sixteen studies described 1226 CTPA, and 13 studies
described 1165 VQ lung scans. The pooled proportion of nondiagnostic scans using CTPA was 12.5% (95% CI 7.518.4, I2 = 86%), and
using VQ was 11.5% (95% CI 5.319.6, I2 = 93%). Heterogeneity was
not explained by any of the predefined subgroups.
Conclusion: The proportion of nondiagnostic scans is low in women
undergoing either CTPA or VQ, and should not be a factor in determining which imaging modality is chosen to investigate PE in the pregnant population.
Disclosure of Interest: A. Parker, G. Alotaibi, and S. Takach Lapner:
None declared; C. Wu Consultant for: Leo Pharma and Pfizer.
Modulation of atherosclerosis
AS024
The hemostatic system as a modulator of
atherosclerosis
Cate HT
Internal medicine, MUMC, Maastricht, The Netherlands
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the arteries,
responsible for athero-thrombotic complications leading to vascular
death, myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke as well as ischemia in
organs like limbs and kidneys. The co-localization of inflammation
and coagulation in atherosclerosis was already recognized in the 19th
century; the question was, whether thrombosis was cause or consequence of vascular inflammation and remodeling? In either case, clotting is a wound healing system, containing the inflammatory process
and supporting vascular regeneration. Many studies demonstrate
extensive involvement of coagulation products in atherosclerosis:
coagulation proteases (factors VIIa, Xa, thrombin) that signal through
protease activated receptors, anticoagulants like tissue factor pathway
inhibitor that dampen such signals, fibrin and its cleavage products
that directly affect cellular activity in the vessel wall. Locally expressed
coagulation proteins including factor VII interact with tissue factor to

drive local thrombin and fibrin formation. Together, these elements
may be protective up to the point that natural defense mechanisms fail
to limit the extent of clotting and inflammation. Diminished natural
anticoagulant properties on the endothelium (thrombomodulin and
endothelial cell protein C receptor) accelerate the occurrence of atherothrombotic events at advanced age. In blood, coagulation proteases and platelets affect, in concert with leukocytes and microvesicles,
the prothrombotic effect; all elements that enhance thrombin and
fibrin formation in blood (thrombophilic factors) also increase the risk
of atherothrombosis. Anticoagulants attenuate the prothrombotic and
potentially atherogenic effects of coagulation. Non vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOAC) like dabigatran markedly limited atherosclerosis in different mouse studies. The clinical consequences of
longterm anticoagulant treatment merit further study.
Disclosure of Interest: H. Ten Cate Grant/Research Support from: Bayer, Boehringer, Philips, Speaker Bureau of: Bayer, Pfizer, Leo, Boehringer.
AS025
Adoptive transfer of antigen-induced specific
regulatory T cells (TREG) protects against
atherosclerotic lesion formation in B6;129S-Ldlr
(tm1her)Apob(tm2sgy)/J mice
Xia M1, Endresz V2, Lantos I2, Szabo A3, Mundkur L4, Kakkar V1
and Lu X1
1
Thrombosis Research Institute, London, UK; 2Department of
Medical Microbiology and Immunobiology; 3Institute of Surgical
Research, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; 4Thrombosis
Research Institute, Bangalore, India
Background: Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease in which plaque builds up inside the arteries. Natural regulatory T cells have a protective role in the progression of atherosclerosis, however, the
mechanism of adoptively transferred antigen-induced Treg cells on
atherosclerotic lesion formation remains unclear.
Aims: To investigate the mechanisms of adoptively transferred Treg
isolated from the blood of antigen-immunized mice on atherosclerotic
lesion formation in B6;129s-Ldlrtm1herApobtm2sgy/J mice.
Methods: Antigenic epitopes derived from Apolipoprotein B (ApoB)
(AA688707) designated as epitope A, human heat shock protein
(HSP)60 (AA303312) as Hh, mycobacterium HSP60 (AA253268) as
Hm and complement component 5a receptor (C5aR) (AA131) as R
were incorporated into a dendroaspin scaffold to generate AHhHmR
as a multiple epitopic construct. The Treg cells purified from the blood
of immunized mice with this construct were adoptively transferred into
B6;129S-Ldlrtm1HerApobtm2Sgy/J mice subsequently fed with a high- fat
diet for 10 weeks.
Results: Histological analyses demonstrated that after adoptive transfer of antigen-induced specific Treg cells, the mice showed significant
reduction in the size of atherosclerotic lesions (48% reduction,
P < 0.001) when compared with that in control (Treg cells from immunized mice with dendroaspin scaffold). This effect on lesion reduction
was associated with a shift in the cellular composition of plaques
towards decreased inflammatory cell and increased production of antiinflammatory cytokines and decreased secretion of proinflammatory
cytokines demonstrated in plasma and in supernatant of stimulated
spleen cells.
Conclusion: Antigen-induced specific Treg cells significantly reduced
atherosclerotic lesion by suppressing T effector cell proliferation and
the macrophage-derived foam cell formation towards inhibition of
atherosclerotic lesion formation. This approach may offer attractive
opportunities on the cell-based therapy for the treatment of atherosclerosis.
10
ABSTRACTS
AS026
Disruption of semaphorin 7A decreases plaque size
induced by disturbed flow and confers protection
against the development of atherosclerosis
Tang C, Hu S, Yang F and Zhu L
The Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University,
Suzhou, China
Background: Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease preferentially
developed in the areas of arteries with arches and branches, where the
flow is disturbed (D-flow). Increasing evidence suggests that Semaphorin7A (Sema7A) plays important roles in several pathophysiological
processes.
Aims: We aimed to investigate the role of Sema7A in the development
of atherosclerosis, and particularly, its effect on D-flow-induced proatherogenic process.
Methods: ApoE/ mice were crossed with Sema7A/ mice to generate Sema7A/ApoE/ mice and Sema7A+/+ApoE/ mice. High
fat diet was used to induced atherosclerotic plaque. Meanwhile, we
used partial carotid ligation model to investigate whether the varied
inhibition of plaque formation at different locations of aorta by deletion of Sema7A is related to D-flow.
Results: Lipid deposition in the whole aorta was decreased by 51.18%
(P = 00024) in Sema7A/ApoE/ mice (5.01 1.04%, n = 13)
compared to Sema7A+/+ApoE/ control mice (10.26 1.15%,
n = 13), with more striking difference in aorta arch (59.16%,
P = 0.0005). After PCL surgery, we showed that Sema7A expression
in the LCA was 2.6-fold higher (P = 0.0237, n = 3) in D-flow condition compared to right carotid artery (RCA). We also showed that plaque size in the LCA under D-flow was decreased by 50.74%
(P = 0.0072) in ApoE/Sema7A/ mice (0.2411 0.05265%,
n = 6)
compared
to
Sema7A+/+ApoE/
control
mice
(0.4894 0.05186%, n = 6). Mechanism studies showed that deletion
of Sema7A reduced leucocyte rolling on the vascular wall in response
to LPS stimulation, decreased accumulation of macrophages
(58.437%, P = 0.0010), CD4+ cells (51.31%, P < 0.0001) and dendritic cells (60.4%, P < 0.0001), and enhanced collagen content
(P < 0.0022) and vulnerability index (P < 0.0001) in ApoE/ mice.
Conclusion: These results demonstrate that genetic deletion of Sema7A
attenuates plaque formation likely by impairment of the migration
and accumulation of macrophages, T cells and dendritic cells in the
vascular wall, which may correlates with D-flow condition.
AS027
Changes in peripheral immune markers in response to
immune tolerance and its correlation with progression
of atherosclerosis in ApoBtm2Sgy Ldlrtm1Her mice
Rao TL1, Philip S1, Ponnusamy T1, Lu X2, Kakkar VV1,2 and
Mundkur L1
1
Molecular Immunology, Thrombosis Research Institute,
Bangalore, India; 2Molecular Immunology, Thrombosis Research
Institute, London, UK
Background: Adaptive immune response to atherogenic self antigens
initiates an inflammatory autoimmune response during atherogenesis.
We have earlier shown that oral administration of a multiantigenic
molecule (AHC) expressing peptides derived from ApoB100 (AA688
707), human HSP60 (AA153162) and outer membrane protein of
Chlamydia pneumonia (AA6774 and 283291) induces tolerance to
individual peptides and controls the development of atherosclerosis.
Aims: To study the changes in lymphocyte and monocyte population
in spleen in response to immune therapy and its association with atherosclerosis
Methods: Apobtm2Sgy Ldlrtm1Her/J KO mice (56 weeks) were given

five oral doses of AHC molecule to induce immune tolerance followed
by high-fat diet feed to induce atherosclerosis. Animals were sacrificed
after 12, 18 and 30 weeks to study the disease progression.
Results: Histological analysis revealed 56.6% (P = 0.001) reduction in
plaque in aortic sinus of AHC treated mice at 12 weeks, 22.8%
(P = 0.001) at 18 weeks and 23.4% (P = 0.01) after 30 weeks compared to untreated control. Longer duration of disease induction
reduced the effect of tolerance. We observed a significant increase in
regulatory T cells in the spleen at 12 weeks (72.9%, P = 0.005) and
18 weeks (66.6%, P = 0.04) but the Treg cells were comparable
between the groups at 30 weeks. The proportion of Treg cells reduced
in the AHC treated animals from 12 to 18 and 30 weeks. We observed
a concomitant increase in T cells secreting IFN-c and IL17 with disease progression. The proportion of Treg cells showed a significant
inverse correlation with aortic lesion.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that oral tolerance induces regulatory
T cells which can balance the adaptive immune response. Prolonged
hypercholesterolemia shifts this balance and the effect of tolerance is
reduced. Optimizing immune tolerance could induce long term protection against the disease.
AS028
Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-7 upregulates
adhesive and migratory properties of human monocytic
cells via beta2 integrin-BMP receptor type II (BMPRII)
crosstalk
Sovershaev T1,2,3, Unruh D3, Hansen J-B1,2,4, Bogdanov V3 and
Sovershaev M2,5
1
K.G. Jebsen Thrombosis and Expertise Centre (TREC);
2
Hematological Research Group, Department of Clinical
Medicine, the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Troms,
Troms, Norway; 3Division of Hematology/Oncology,
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati
College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA; 4Division of Internal
Medicine; 5Section for Medical Biochemistry, Department of
Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Northern Norway,
Troms, Norway
Background: BMP-7 is enriched in the plaque and increases monocyte
pro-coagulant activity by enhancing Tissue Factor (TF) expression. It
was recently reported that BMP-2/-4 act as chemotactic agents for
monocytes, which requires BMPRII expressed on monocyte surfaces.
The mechanisms responsible and/or BMP-7s ability to modulate
monocyte behavior are not known.
Aims: To assess BMP-7s ability to upregulate adhesive and migratory
properties of human monocytes.
Methods: Chemokinesis, adhesion, and chemotaxis of BMP-7 treated
THP-1 cells were analyzed using live-cell imaging, orbital shear, and
Boyden chamber assays, respectively. Surface presentation of b2
(CD18) integrins, their co-localization with BMPRII, and phosphorylation status of AKT & Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) were studied.
One-way ANOVA was used to assess significance, set at P < 0.05.
Results: Exposure of THP-1 cells to BMP-7 (300 ng mL1) enhanced
their chemokinetic properties: 1.25 fold increase in crawling distance
and 1.38 fold increase in cell velocity over vehicle. Under orbital shear,
adhesion of BMP-7 treated THP-1 cells to microvascular endothelial
cell (MVEC) monolayers was also increased (6.27 fold over vehicle);
moreover, BMP-7 enhanced THP-1 chemotactic properties (5.55 fold
increase in the number of cells migrated through MVEC monolayers
towards MCP-1 at 10 ng mL1). Critically, BMP-7 rapidly increased
co-localization of b2 integrins with BMPRII (1.45 fold over vehicle,
5 min post-treatment), enhanced surface presentation of b2 integrins
ABSTRACTS
in its active conformation (2.18 fold over vehicle, 30 min post-treatment), and increased the levels of AKT and FAK phosphorylation.
Conclusion: BMP-7 upregulates adhesion and migration of human
monocytic cells via a novel mechanism evidently involving b2 interginBMPRII crosstalk on cell surfaces, leading to b2 integrin activation.
BMP-7 may thus serve as a critical factor contributing to plaque
thrombogenicity, as well as its monocyte-mediated destabilization.
Coagulation, fibrinolysis, immunity

and inflammation
AS029
Cross-talk between coagulation and fibrinolysis
Morser J1,2
1
PAVIR, Palo Alto VA Health Care System, Palo Alto;
2
Hematology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
As components of the host defense system, the response of both the
coagulation and fibrinolytic cascades are coordinated to ensure full
recovery from injury or infection. One link is carboxypeptidase B2
(CPB2, TAFIa) that is activated by the thrombin/thrombomodulin
(TM) complex and less efficiently by plasmin from a circulating zymogen, proCPB2. Its substrates include fibrin leading to less plasmin generation and lower fibrinolysis, and inflammatory mediators such as
bradykinin and complement anaphylatoxins, C3a and C5a, that are
inactivated. The Cpb2/ mouse is fertile and has no phenotype until
challenged. Recently we have been focusing on the role of CPB2 in
infection and inflammation, using pharmacological interventions in
models in the Cpb2/ mouse. In a model of polymicrobial sepsis,
Cpb2/ mice were protected compared to wild type (WT). Both C5a
and fibrin were CPB2 substrates in this model, but neither was the key
substrate leading to the observed protection. Importantly, treatment
with a C5a receptor antagonist improved the outcomes for both WT
and Cpb2/ mice. In contrast, a C3a receptor antagonist worsened
outcomes for WT and Cpb2/ and eliminated the survival advantage
seen in the Cpb2/ mice. Thus, C3a and C5a are both relevant targets
and have opposite effects in polymicrobial sepsis. Because of the
observed complement effects, we have developed a model of Shiga
toxin (Stx) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced hemolytic uremic
syndrome (HUS). To develop HUS both Stx and LPS administration
are necessary. Cpb2/ mice have worse outcomes than WT in this
model. These data confirm that the role of CPB2 is not confined to
modulating fibrinolysis. Instead CPB2 is a critical regulator of inflammation via its inactivation of anaphylatoxins, and the thrombin/TM
activation of proCPB2, along with activation of protein C, represents
a homeostatic response to regulate thrombins inflammatory activities.
Disclosure of Interest: J. Morser Shareholder of: Gemmus Pharmaceuticals, Consultant for: Gemmus Pharmaceuticals.
AS030
Imaging analyses of coagulation-dependent initiation
of fibrinolysis on activated platelets and its
modification by TAFI
Brzoska T, Suzuki Y, Sano H, Tomczyk M and Urano T
Department of Medical Physiology, Hamamatsu University
School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
Background: Employing intra-vital confocal microscopy, we reported
that the process of platelet phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure, fibrin
formation and lysine binding site-dependent plasminogen (plg) accumulation took place only in the center of the thrombus but not in its
11
periphery. These suggest that coagulation and fibrinolysis are closely

related and finely regulated.
Aims: To analyze in-vitro the spatiotemporal regulatory mechanisms
of coagulation and fibrinolysis.
Methods: Fibrin network formation and the following lysis were analyzed in the experiment employing diluted platelet-rich plasma supplemented with fluorescently labeled coagulation- and fibrinolyticfactors using Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy.
Results: Tissue factor triggered platelet PS-dependent fibrin network
formation. Fibrin network structure was uneven and denser at the sites
of coagulation initiation regions (CIRs) on PS exposing platelets.
When tissue type plasminogen activator (tPA; 7.5 nM) was supplemented, CIRs appeared to be the primary accumulation sites for
labeled plg (50 nM) as well as tPA, from where fibrinolysis started and
gradually expanded to the peripheries. The lysis time at CIRs and their
peripheries were 25.9 10.2 and 35.2 7.4 min (mean SD, n = 50
from 5 independent experiments) from TF addition, respectively.
Recombinant human soluble thrombomodulin (rhsTM; 1.66 nM)
attenuated CIR-dependent plg accumulation, and strongly delayed
fibrinolysis at CIRs (approx. 5 times). Carboxypeptidase inhibitor
(10 lM) enhanced CIR-dependent fibrinolysis initiation, and entirely
abrogated rhsTM-induced delay of fibrinolysis.
Conclusion: Our study for the first time directly presents the crosstalk
between coagulation and fibrinolysis, which takes place on the activated platelets surface and is further controlled by thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI).
AS031
Activation of prochemerin by factor XIa represents a
new molecular link between innate immunity and
blood coagulation
Ge X1,2, Yamaguchi Y3, Zhao L1, Chang SS1,2, Morser J1 and
Leung L1,2
1
Medical School, Stanford University; 2Veterans Affairs Palo Alto
Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA; 3Otsuka Pharmaceutical
Inc., Ltd, Tokushima, Japan
Background: Chemerin is a chemoattractant and an adipokine that
plays a role in innate immunity as it promotes the migration of various
types of innate immune cells. Chemerin circulates in blood as inactive
prochemerin (Chem163S). Prochemerin is activated by a series of Cterminal proteolytic steps resulting in diverse chemerin isoforms with
different levels of activity. The fully active form, chem157S, is produced by plasmin cleavage at Lys158 (chem158K) followed by removal
of theC-terminal lysine by carboxypeptidase B2 (CPB2 or TAFIa) or
carboxypeptidase N (CPN).
Aims: Identify coagulation proteases that process the C terminus of
chemerin.
Methods: We screened a panel of proteases to identify proteases other
than plasmin that process the C terminus of chemerin by mass spectroscopic (MS) analysis of their products. Activated factor XI (FXIa) can
cleave chem163S. We produced human Chem163S and a mutant with
a 6his-tag on their N-terminus (6his-Chem163S and 6hisChem163SR162A). We performed FXIa and plasmin cleavage of purified 6his-Chem163S or 6his-Chem163SR162A in a purified system and
in plasma. Products were analyzed by ELISA, Western and MS.
Results: FXIa cleaved 6his-Chem163S generated a novel chemerin
form, 6his-Chem162R, as well as 6his-Chem158K, but converted 6hisChem163S to 6his-Chem158K much slower than plasmin. Both FXIa
and plasmin proteolyzed 6his-Chem163SR162A into 6his-Chem158K,
showing that cleavage of Chem163S at R162 and K158 occurred simultaneously and processing at R162 was not required for cleavage at
K158. Activation of human plasma by kaolin also led to cleavage of
6his-Chem163S, which was abolished in FXI-deficient plasma.
12
ABSTRACTS
Conclusion: This study identified FXIa as a protease that can cleave

Chem163S, resulting in Chem162R, a novel chemerin form, and
Chem158K, which can be further processed to the most active chemerin form. Processing at both sites, R162 and K158, occurs simultaneously. Cleavage of chem163S in plasma occurs when the contact
phase is activated and is dependent on FXIa.
AS032
Intravenous thrombolysis generates large amounts of
bradykinin in stroke patients: neurotoxic impact
Gauberti M, de Lizarrondo SM, Marcos-Contreras O and
Vivien D
Serine Protease and Pathophysiology of the Neurovascular Unit,
INSERM U919, Caen, France
Background: Fibrinolysis using recombinant tissue-type plasminogen
activator (tPA) remains the only approved treatment for acute ischemic stroke. In vitro, tPA is able to generate bradykinin by a plasmin
dependent mechanism. Notably, bradykinin is a pro-inflammatory
peptide that plays a deleterious role during ischemic stroke.
Aims: (i) To study bradykinin generation during fibrinolysis in humans
and (ii) to investigate the role of tPA-induced bradykinin generation in
a mouse model of ischemic stroke.
Methods: Blood samples were obtained from ischemic stroke patients
(n = 8). Bradykinin concentrations were measured by ELISA and by
Western Blot of its (cleaved) precursor, high molecular weight kininogen. Ischemic stroke was induced in mice by in situ injection of thrombin.
Results: Intravenous fibrinolysis generated large amount of bradykinin in ischemic stroke patients. In vitro studies confirmed that this
effect was mediated by plasmin. In mice, pharmacological blockade
of the bradykinin B1 (B1R) but not bradykinin B2 (B2R) receptors
improved stroke outcome in thrombolyzed mice. This was associated
with a reduced level of pro-inflammatory mediators (ICAM-1,
VCAM-1, TNF, IL-1b) in the ischemic brain. Consistently, B1R
knockout mice were protected from ischemic stroke. Interestingly,
this effect was only observed in mice receiving intravenous tPA, confirming the critical role of exogenous tPA in bradykinin generation
during stroke.
Conclusion: tPA-mediated fibrinolysis generates large amounts of
bradykinin by a plasmin dependent mechanism. Through B1R activation, this generated bradykinin plays a deleterious role during ischemic
stroke by worsening post-stroke inflammation. Therefore, pharmacological blockade of B1R during fibrinolysis appears as a promising
adjunctive treatment for acute ischemic stroke.
Antiphospholipid antibodies
AS033
Unravelling the antiphospholipid syndrome: from
empiric description to pathogenic mechanisms
Rand J
Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell
Medical College, New York, NY, USA
The current approaches for diagnosing the antiphospholipid (aPL)
syndrome (APS) are problematic in that they are empirically derived
and not mechanistic. The lupus anticoagulant (LA) phenomenon was
first described over 60 years ago as an anomaly in PTT testing; the
aPL immunoassays were developed ~30 years ago and were derived
from the biologic false positive syphilis test. Despite these empiric ori-
gins, the assays have proven useful in diagnosing patients at increased

risk for recurrent thrombotic events. There are, however, significant
limitations. For example, these assays cannot be used to diagnose APS
until after a first, and possibly devastating, clinical event. Also, the
individual aPL assays frequently do not correlate with other assays in
the same patient, creating doubt as to the true diagnosis. Finally, there
are patients who appear to have clinical manifestations of APS but test
negative by all of the conventional aPL assays; these patients may have
a seronegative form of APS (SNAPS), an entity that cannot be proven
but may require long term anticoagulant therapy.
One of the main goals of our laboratory has been to develop assays that
directly measure and report on putative APS mechanisms in patients
blood samples. An example of this approach is an assay that measures
aPL-antibody-mediated resistance to annexin A5 anticoagulant activity. Annexin A5 is a natural anticoagulant which forms 2-dimensional
crystals over membranes that express phosphatidylserine; aPL immune
complexes create defects in the ordered crystallization of this protein
that expose phosphatidylserine and thereby reduce the anticoagulant
effect of this protein. This Symposium Abstract Lecture will review this
approach along with others that have the potential of moving clinical
assays for APS to quantifiable mechanistic bases. Mechanistic assays
may improve diagnosis and lay the groundwork for novel non-anticoagulant treatments that target earlier steps in the disease process.
AS034
Increased mortality in patients with the lupus
anticoagulant: the Vienna lupus anticoagulant and
thrombosis study (LATS)
Gebhart J1, Posch F1, Koder S1, Perkmann T2, Quehenberger P2,
Zoghlami C1, Ay C1 and Pabinger I1
1
Clinical Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology,
Department of Medicine I; 2Division of Medical and Chemical
Laboratory Diagnostics, Department of Laboratory Medicine,
Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Background: Data on the clinical course of lupus anticoagulant (LA)
positive individuals with or without thrombotic manifestations or
pregnancy complications are limited.
Aims: To investigate mortality rates and factors that might influence
mortality, we conducted a prospective observational study of LA positive individuals.
Methods: Starting from May 2001, adult patients that were repeatedly
positive for LA according to current recommendations were consecutively included in this prospective study after having given written
informed consent. The Ethics Committee of the Medical University of
Vienna in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki approved the
conduct of the study [EC No. 068/2001].
Results: In total, 151 LA positive patients (82% female) were followed
for median of 8.2 years. Thirty patients (20%) developed 32 thromboembolic events and 20 patients (13%) died. In univariable analysis, age
(HR per year = 1.06, 95% CI 1.041.09, P < 0.001), hypertension
(HR = 7.64, 95% CI 2.9120.07, P < 0.001) and new onset of thrombosis (HR = 8.71, 95% CI 3.4422.04, P < 0.001) were associated with
an increased risk for death. New onset of thrombosis remained an
adverse prognostic factor after multivariable adjustment for age and
hypertension (HR = 6.26, 95% CI 2.5715.25, P < 0.001). Concomitant autoimmune diseases, anticoagulant treatment at baseline or positivity for anticardiolipin- or anti-2-glycoprotein I antibodies were not
associated with mortality. In a relative survival analysis, our cohort of
LA positive individuals showed a persistently worse survival in comparison to an age-, sex-, and study-inclusion-year-matched Austrian
reference population. The cumulative relative survival was 95.0%
(95% CI 88.598.8) after 5 and 79.7% (95% CI 69.287.0) after
10 years.
ABSTRACTS
Conclusion: We conclude that occurrence of a thrombotic event is
associated with higher mortality in patients with LA. Consequently,
the prevention of thromboembolic events in LA positives might
improve survival.
AS035
Lupus anticoagulant activity can be explained by
interference of anti-b2GPI antibodies with the
prothrombinase complex
Molhoek JE1, de Groot P1, Meijers JCM2,3 and Urbanus RT1
1
Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht;
2
Plasma Proteins, Sanquin Research; 3Experimental Vascular
Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The
Netherlands
Background: Lupus anticoagulant (LA) is the most common acquired
risk factor for thrombosis and is characterized by a prolongation of
clotting times by autoantibodies against b2-Glycoprotein I (b2GPI).
The general consensus is that anti-b2GPI antibodies prolong clotting
times by competing with coagulation factors for anionic phospholipids
(PL). However, whereas addition of hexagonal (II) phase phospholipids attenuates the effects of anti-b2GPI antibodies on clotting, these
phospholipids do not support coagulation.
Aims: To reinvestigate how anti-b2GPI antibodies prolong clotting
in vitro.
Methods: We analyzed the effects of monoclonal anti-b2GPI antibody
3B7 on coagulation with purified coagulation factors in normal and coagulation factor (F)V deficient plasma. Effects of 3B7 on the prothrombinase complex were determined with purified coagulation factors.
Results: FXa-initiated clotting times were 1.6-fold prolonged in plasma
containing 3B7. Addition of an excess of PL attenuated the effects of
3B7, confirming LA activity. In contrast, 3B7 had no effect when clotting was initiated with both FVa and FXa, suggesting interference with
assembly of the prothrombinase complex. Complexes of 3B7 and
b2GPI inhibited the activation of FV by FXa by 50% when the PL
concentration was limiting, but not in the presence of excess PL. Addition of 3B7 to FV-depleted plasma supplemented with either FV or
FVa prolonged FXa-initiated clotting times. However, prolonged clotting times were only corrected by excess PL in FV-depleted plasma
supplemented with FV. Further analysis of prothrombinase reaction
rates showed that 3B7 lowered the Vmax independent of the PL concentration. Human monoclonal anti-b2GPI antibodies BK117 and
EM6 showed similar results.
Conclusion: Anti-b2GPI antibodies prolong clotting times in two ways.
They inhibit the activation of FV by FXa in a PL-dependent manner
and decrease the efficiency of the prothrombinase complex in a PLindependentmanner.
AS036
Circulating endothelial cells identify patients with
antiphospholipid-antibodies and associated autoimmune diseases at risk for thrombosis
Zuily S1, Heymonet M2, Tu Q3, Bittencourt MDC3, Faure G3 and
Wahl D1
1
Vascular Medicine Division, Nancy University Hospital;
2
Internal Medicine Department; 3Immunology Department,
Nancy University Hospital, Nancy, France
Background: Endothelium damage has been described in antiphospholipid antibodies positive (aPL)-patients. However it is uncertain
13
whether circulating endothelial cells (CECs) which are released when

endothelial injury occurs can identify patients at high risk of thrombosis.
Aims: To determine if CECs are associated with thromboembolic history in patients with auto-immune diseases.
Methods: This study included consecutive patients with aPL or Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Blood was drawn at inclusion for
aPL assays and CECs were assessed by CellSearch, Veridex (CECs
phenotype: CD146+, CD105+, DAPI+, CD45). Bivariate and multivariate regression determined clinical and laboratory variables significantly associated with elevated CECs (> 20 mL1). Informed consent
was obtained from each patient.
Results: Ninety-seven patients were included (mean age 46 13 years,
77 women). Thirty seven patients had SLE and aPL and 60 only aPL.
Eighty-one patients had a history of one or several thrombotic/obstetrical manifestations. In bivariate analysis, elevated CECs were significantly associated with history of myocardial infarction (Odds Ratio
[OR] = 5.8 [95% CI 1.424.4], P = 0.02), pulmonary embolism
(OR = 6.3 [95% CI 1.822.7], P = 0.006), small vessel thrombosis
(OR = 3.6 [95% CI 112.3], P = 0.03), obesity (OR = 7 [95% CI 2
24.4], P = 0.003), and carotid plaque (OR = 4.3 [95% CI 1.214.7],
P = 0.02). However, SLE (OR = 3 [95% CI 0.910.1], P = 0.07), and
any aPL including triple positivity (OR = 0.6 [95% CI 0.22],
P = 0.18) failed to reach statistical significance. In multivariate analysis, arterial (OR = 5.5 [95% CI 1.126.6], P = 0.03) and venous
thrombosis (OR = 7.8 [95% CI 1.639.1], P = 0.01) remained significantly associated with elevated CECs.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates that endothelial injury assessed
by CECs can identify patients with aPL and auto-immune diseases at
risk for both arterial and venous thrombosis.
AS037
Annexin A5 resistance correlates with multipositivity
for antiphospholipid assays and is a prospective
biomarker for adverse events
Wolgast L1, Wu XX2, Pengo V3 and Rand JH2
1
Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx;
2
Department of Pathology, Weill Cornell Medical College/New
York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA; 3Department of
Cardiac Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University Hospital
Padova, Padova, Italy
Background: Currently, APS patients cannot be diagnosed until they
have had at least one clinical event. In previous studies, the annexin
A5 resistance (A5R) assay retrospectively identified antiphospholipid
antibody positive patients with a propensity for thrombosis or pregnancy complications.
Aims: Since the probability of future adverse clinical events in asymptomatic patients is increased in the presence of multipositivity for APS
criteria assays (LA, anti-b2GPI antibody, and aCL antibody), we compared the levels of A5R to presence of multipositivity and to clinical
outcomes.
Methods: We obtained samples from 121 patients tested for APS criteria assays and whose clinical histories were reviewed (RETROSPECTIVE cohort) and baseline samples from 71 asymptomatic patients
who were observed over the course of 10 years (PROSPECTIVE
cohort). All samples were tested for all three APS criteria assays and
for A5R.
Results: In both retrospective and prospective cohorts, A5R values
progressively decreased as the number of positive APS assays
increased. Patients positive for all three APS criteria assays (i.e. triple
positive) had significantly lower A5R values (mean SD:
166 55%, n = 55) than patients with single positivity (mean SD:
221 51, n = 60, P < 0.05) and healthy controls (mean SD:
14
ABSTRACTS
271 53, n = 35, P < 0.001). In the prospective cohort, 97% (30/31)
of the triple positive asymptomatic patients developed an APS associatedclinical event of which 80% (24/30) had a low A5R value of
< 191% (i.e. < 2SD) vs. 40% (4/10) of the single positive patients
developed an APS associated clinical event of which only 25% (1/4)
had a low A5R value (P = 0.17, OR: 16). None of the healthy controls
(0/20) had a low A5R value of < 191%.
Conclusion: Increased number of positive APS criteria assays was associated with reduced A5R values in the retrospective and prospective
cohorts. A5R may identify patients who are at increased thrombotic
risk and who may be candidates for treatment before a first thrombotic event.
Microparticles
AS038
Microparticles in health and disease
Nieuwland R
Clinical Chemistry, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The
Netherlands
Extracellular vesicles (EV), including microparticles, are widely distributed. EV are present in liquids such as body fluids, ocean water,
and beer. These EV originate from both eukaryotic and prokaryotic
cells.
Over > 90% of EV in human body fluids have a diameter < 100 nm,
and the total population provides a large surface area but a small volume. The main functions of EV are protection (coagulation, inflammation) and the transfer of biomolecules between cells. The
concentration, cellular origin, composition and function of EV change
in most if not all diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease,
etc. This knowledge has raised great scientific and clinical interest,
because vesicles potentially behold an entirely new level of clinically
relevant information. Furthermore, changes in EV composition contribute to disease development, e.g. bleeding and thrombosis are now
associated with the presence of EV exposing coagulant tissue factor in
blood.
At present, isolation and detection of EV have become a hot topic.
Recently, we (re)introduced size-exclusion chromatography to isolate
EV from body fluids such as plasma. So far, this methodology is very
promising and has several important advantages compared to other
methods. With regard to detection, to extract relevant clinical information such as cellular origin from single EV, ideally every single EV
should be detected. Clearly, this is a huge challenge and work in progress because most EV are extremely small, heterogeneous in size and
shape, contaminants are present in the size range of EV, the refractive
index of EV is low, swarm detection may occur, etc.
Taken together, the presence and relevance of EV has now been firmly
established. The next steps will be to further standardize pre-analytical
conditions, to develop novel and reliable detection platforms for measurement of single EV, and to standardize functional assays.
AS039
Microparticles from patients with acute coronary
syndrome and heart transplanted patients induce
premature endothelial senescence and
thrombogenicity: role of oxidative stress and of the
local angiotensin system
Abbas M1, Jesel L1,2,3, Nguyen PN3, Auger C3, Messas N4,
Ribeiro T3, Silva GCC3, Ohlman P5, Morel O5, Schini-Kerth V1,3
and Toti F1,3
1
Faculty of Pharmacy, Universit
e De Strasbourg, IllkirchGraffenstaden; 2Service de cardiologie, Hopitaux universitaires
de Strasbourg, Strasbourg; 3UMR7213, CNRS, Illkirch^pitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, Faculty of
Graffenstaden; 4Ho
Medicine; 5Service de Cardiologie, Faculty of Medicine,
^pitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
Ho
Background: Microparticles (MPs) are surrogate markers of endothelial injury and cardiovascular risk. They circulate at high concentrations during acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and heart transplant
rejection (HT), bear tissue factor (TF) and behave as prothrombotic
effectors. Replicative endothelial senescence is associated with telomere shortening and MP generation in cultured endothelial cells
(ECs).
Aims: To study the effects of circulating MPs from ACS and HT
patients on the development of premature endothelial senescence and
thrombogenicity.
Methods: MPs were isolated from venous blood of patients with ACS
(6) or HT (6), and from 6 healthy volunteers (HV). MPs were applied
to young first passage ECs from porcine coronary artery. EC senescence was assessed by flow cytometry using C12FDG, a probe for
senescence-associated b-galactosidase activity, and the level of markers
of oxidative stress (NADPH oxidase subunits), thrombogenicity (tissue factor, TF) and of cell cycle arrest by Western blot. In addition
senescence markers were also assessed in atherosclerotic plaques of
ACS patients, and in mammary arteries of patients with cardiac
bypass surgery, according to risk factors.
Results: Compared to HV, circulating MPs from ACS and HT
prompted premature senescence in young ECs and up-regulated the
expression of NADPH oxidase (gp91phox, p47phox, p22phox), COX2,senescent markers p53, p21, p16, actors of the local angiotensin system (AT1 angiotensin receptor, angiotensin converting enzyme) and of
TF. MPs also down-regulated eNO synthase. Losartan, an AT1 receptor antagonist, prevented MPs-induced premature endothelial senescence. Senescence markers in plaques and mammary arteries were upregulated when the number of risk factors increased.
Conclusion: MPs isolated from ACS and HT patients induced premature endothelial senescence and thrombogenicity through enhanced
oxidative stress. Moreover, these data shed light on the importance of
the local angiotensin system in MPs-mediated induction of endothelial
senescence.
AS040
The Gas6-Axl interaction mediates endothelial uptake
of platelet microparticles
rgelin M2 and Dahlba
ck B1
Otteby K1, Tran S1, Mo
1
Translational Medicine, Clinical Chemistry, Lund University,
; 2Clinical Sciences, Clinical and Experimental Infectious
Malmo
Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
Background: Upon activation platelets release plasma-membrane
derived microparticles (MPs), which expose phosphatidylserine (PS)
on their surface. The function and physiological clearance mechanism
ABSTRACTS
of these MPs are incompletely understood. As they are pro-coagulant
and potentially pro-inflammatory, rapid clearance from the circulation
is essential for prevention of thrombotic diseases. The tyrosine kinase
receptors Tyro3, Axl and Mer (TAMs) and their ligands protein S and
Gas6 are involved in the uptake of PS-exposing apoptotic cells in macrophages and dendritic cells. Both TAMs and their ligands are also
expressed in the vasculature, the functional significance of which is
poorly understood.
Aims: We aimed to investigate whether platelet MPs are taken up in
human endothelial cells and if this process is dependent on TAMreceptors and their ligands.
Methods: Platelet MPs, generated by exposing purified human platelets
to a calcium ionophore, were isolated by ultracentrifugation and
labeled with biotin or PKH67. The uptake of labeled MPs in the presence of protein S and Gas6 in human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC),
human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and the endothelial
cell line EA.hy926 was monitored by flow cytometry, western blotting
and electron microscopy. The involvement of each TAM-receptor in
the phagocytic process was evaluated using TAM-blocking antibodies
or siRNA knock-down of individual TAMs.
Results: Platelet MPs bound Gas6 and protein S. All three types of
endothelium were found to ingest platelet MPs in a Gas6 and Axldependent process. In contrast, protein S did not stimulate the uptake
of MPs.
Conclusion: This study presents a new role for Gas6 and endothelial
Axl beyond regulating cell survival and endothelial-monocyte adhesion. Uptake of platelet MPs in endothelium may promote rapid clearance of released MPs and provide a mechanism for plateletendothelial communication and transportation of MPs from the circulation into the tissue.
AS041
Platelets release extracellular vesicles in an agonist
dependent manner but release a consistent profile of
microrna
Ambrose AR1, Pringle JH2 and Goodall AH1
1
Department of Cardiovascular Sciences; 2Department of Cancer
Studies, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
Background: Platelets contain abundant microRNAs which can be
packaged into extracellular Vesicles (EV) and released into the circulation. Platelets release two types of EVs; procoagulant microparticles
(MP) and exosomes.
Aims: We characterised the phenotype and miRNA content of EVs
released from platelets stimulated by different agonists.
Methods: Washed platelets from healthy subjects were maximally stimulated with agonists specific for GPVI (CRP-XL), PAR1 (SFFLRN),
PAR4 (AYGPKF), P2Y1/P2Y12 (ADP) or PAR1/PAR4 (thrombin),
with/wo inhibiting COX-1 (aspirin), aggregation (GPIIb-IIIa mAb) or
ADP (apyrase). Released EVs isolated by differential centrifugation
were characterised by size (Nanosight) and for procoagulant activity
(Annexin-V binding and Stago CAT assay), or the exosome-specific
markers CD63 & HSP70. RNA was isolated from EV populations,
reverse-transcribed and amplified, and the miRNA profiled on TaqMan microRNA microarray cards.
Results: Stimulation through GPVI produced a mixed population of
MPs and exosomes, while all other agonists released predominantly
exosomes. Of the inhibitors, only apyrase reduced EV release for all
agonists. The EVs contained between 57 and 79 different miRNA with
a core of 36 miRNA observed with all agonists. There is high correlation of agonist profiles (r2 > 0.98 for all), and also with the total platelet miRNA content (r2 > 0.98).
The 36 miRNA seen in all samples are predicted to have significant
effects on the translation of proteins involved in endocytosis, cell cycle
15
control and differentiation. miR-223 was most highly expressed in all

samples and has previously been shown to affect myeloid lineage
development and have anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective effects.
Conclusion: These data suggest that while the EV profile released from
platelets is agonist-dependent, all agonists release exosomes with similar miRNA content. ADP plays an important role in the release of
exosomes. The data also suggest exosomes as the most likely vehicle
for miRNA release from platelets.
AS042
A prospective evaluation of the prothrombotic and
prognostic potential of circulating microparticles in
glioblastoma multiforme(GBM), pancreatic
adenocarcinoma (PAC) and esophageal-gastric cancer
(EGC)
Campello E1, Radu CM1, Spiezia L1, Gavasso S1, Woodhams B2
and Simioni P1
1
Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy;
2
Haemacon Ltd, Bromley, UK
Background: At present is unknown if microparticles (MP) can be considered as prothrombotic and prognostic biomarkers in cancer.
Aims: To evaluate the predictive value of MP in venous thromboembolic events (VTE) and disease progression in glioblastoma multiforme
(GBM), pancreatic (PAC) and esophageal-gastric (EGC) cancer.
Methods: MP level and activity was evaluated in samples at baseline,
1, 3, 6 and 12 months post diagnosis in 90 newly diagnosed patients
(30 from each with GBM, PAC and EGC) and 90 sex and age-matched
healthy controls. Informed consent obtained from all subjects. MP
were identified by size and annexin V-FITC labelling using flowcytometry. MP type were identified with specific antibody markers:
CD62P for platelet-derived MP, CD62E for endothelial MP, CD45 for
leukocyte MP, CD142 for tissue factor-bearing (TF+) MP, anti-glial
fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-FITC in GBM, CD227-FITC for
mucin-bound (MUC-1 + MP) in PAC and CD326-APC for EpCAM + MP in EGC. Procoagulant MP activity was measured using
the STA Procoag PPL assay and by thrombin generation (TG).
Results: All cancer patients had significantly higher levels of total MP
(measured as median and interquartile range), platelet MP, endothelial
MP, leukocyte MP and TF + MP than controls (P < 0.01 for all). TG
and PPL activity were similarly elevated (P < 0.01). There was a progressive increase in all MP subtypes with time and this increase became
statistically significant at both 6 and 12 months compared with basal
levels. Patients with GBM and PAC had significantly elevated tumourderived MP. Patients with elevated TF + MP were at higher risk of
VTE: hazard ratio (HR): 7.1 [1.1833.25] for GBM and 4.6 [1.246]
for PAC. Raised MUC-1 was associated with a bad prognosis in PAC
(HR 3.1 [1.29.1]). No VTE or disease progression occurred in EGC
group.
Conclusion: Basal levels of TF+MP predict the subsequent development of VTE in patients with GBM and PAC. High MUC-1-MP may
be a predictive marker of poor prognosis in PAC.
Disclosure of Interest: E. Campello, C. Radu, L. Spiezia, S. Gavasso
and P. Simioni: None declared; B. Woodhams Shareholder of: Haemacon Ltd.
16
ABSTRACTS
Obesity Bench to bedside

AS043
Endothelial cells and cross-talk with the adipocyte in
the context of obesity
Pellegrinelli V1,2,3, Rouault C2, Veyrie N4, Clement K2 and
Lacasa D2
1
Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC
Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge,
Cambridge, UK; 2INSERM, U1166 Nutriomique; 3Pierre et Marie
Curie Paris 6 University, Cordeliers Research Center, UMR S
e
872; 4Public Assistance Hospitals of Paris, Ambroise Par
Hospital, General Surgery, Digestive, Metabolic and
laparoscopic; Versailles Saint-Quentin University, Paris, France
White adipose tissue (WAT) is the main energy storage organ in mammals producing a large panel of molecules such as adipokines involved
in energy/vascular homeostasis. During obesity, WAT expansion, particularly visceral depot (VAT),is associated with chronic inflammation,
vascular alterations and predisposition to metabolic and cardio-vascular complications such as type 2 diabetes. In particular, endothelial
cells (ECs) from VAT exhibit a proinflammatory and senescent phenotype.
With the aim to determine the contribution of ECs to adipocyte dysfunction, we performed co-culture experiments in a 3D setting associating human mature adipocytes and ECs, isolated from obese VAT.
Co-culture experiments highlighted an inflammatory cross-talk leading
to metabolic and secretory alterations of adipocyte functions with a
decrease in the lipolytic activity, adipokine secretion, and insulin sensitivity conversely with increased production of several inflammatory
molecules such as Interleukin (IL)-6, G-CSF and chemokines CXCLs.
IL-6 and IL-1-b were identified as potential actors in these adipocyte
alterations. The inflammatory burst was not observed in co-cultured
cells from lean subjects. Interestingly, pericytes, in functional interactions with ECs, exhibited a proinflammatory phenotype with diminished angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) secretion in WAT from obese subjects.
Using the anti-inflammatory Ang-1, we corrected some deleterious
effects of VAT-ECs on adipocytes, improving lipolytic activity and
insulin sensitivity and reducing the secretion of proinflammatory molecules. Inflammation in adipocytes/ECs co-cultures was also reduced
when functional pericytes (i.e. non inflammatory, producing Ang-1)
where added to the co-cultures.
In conclusion, we identified a negative impact of VAT derived ECs on
adipocyte functions during human obesity. Therapeutic options targeting EC inflammation could prevent adipocyte alterations that contribute to obesity comorbidities.
AS044
Silencing of SEC23A and flotilin protects endothelial
cells from developing a proinflammatory/
prothrombotic phenotype in obesity
S3, Escolar G3,
Udaeta MPD1, Fernandez-Ruiz R2, Torramade
4
5
3
Gomis R , Hanzu F and Daz-Ricart M
1
Hemotherapy-Hemostasis (Hospital Clnic), Josep Carreras
Leukaemia Research Institute; 2Diabetes and Obesity Research
Laboratory, IDIBAPS; 3Hemotherapy-Hemostasis (Hospital
Clnic), Hospital Clnic; 4Diabetes and Obesity Research
Laboratory and Laboratory of Endocrine Disorders; 5Laboratory of
Endocrine Disorders, IDIBAPS Hospital Clnic, Barcelona, Spain
Background: Adipokines are thought to promote atherothrombosis. In
this regard, adipokines present in the secretome from the adipose tis-
sue of obese individuals induce the expression of a proinflammatory

and prothrombotic phenotype in the endothelium.
Aims: The present study was carried out to identify the molecules differentially expressed in endothelial cells exposed to the secretome and
to evaluate their impact on endothelial damage.
Methods: Omental adipose tissue was obtained from morbid (BMI:
4143) obese (OB) females (n = 8), without other cardiometabolic risk
factors; and from normoweight (BMI: 2124) matched controls (C).
Fat pads were incubated with nonfetal medium (24 h) to obtain visceral fat pad conditioned medium (VCM). Human endothelial cells
(EC) were grown with medium containing 10% VCM. After 7 days,
proteomic analysis was performed. Differentially expressed proteins
were selected, checked by Western-blot, and specific siRNA were
designed. After transfection, EC were grown in presence of medium
with 10% VCM to evaluate expression of adhesion molecules
(VCAM-1, ICAM-1) and extracellular matrix VWF.
Results: Seventy-four proteins were differentially expressed in EC
exposed to OB-VCM vs. C-VCM. Silencing of the selected proteins
Sec23A (n = 6) and flotilin (n = 6) resulted in a decreased expression
of VCAM-1 (56 11% and 79 23%, respectively), ICAM-1
(37 9% and 66 10%, respectively) and VWF (47 24% and
59 34% respectively) (values expressed vs. 100% expression in nonsilenced cells). Silencing of annexin1 (n = 6) increased the proinflammatory insult induced by OB-VCM (123 19%, 123 15%,
61 18% for VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and VWF).
Conclusion: Exposure to the secretome of visceral adipose tissue
induces changes in the proteome of endothelial cells, promoting a proinflammatory and a prothrombotic phenotype. Sec23, flotilin and annexin 1 are potential inducers of these changes. Identification of new
markers of endothelial damage in obesity is ongoing (SAF2011-28214,
RETIC/FEDER-RD12/0042/0016, FIS-PI13/00517).
AS045
DNA methylation profiling identifies a locus near a
HMG-COA synthase gene associated with triglyceride
levels and modified by BMI
Truong V1, Zwingerman N1, Kassam I1, Assi D2, Dennis J1,
Wilson M3, Wells P4, Morange P-E5, Tr
egou
et D-A2 and
1
Gagnon F
1
Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health,
University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; 2UMR_S 1166,
Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases,
INSERM, Paris, France; 3Genetics and Genome Biology Program,
SickKids Research Institute, Toronto; 4Department of Medicine,
Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada;
5
UMR_S 1062, Nutrition Obesity and Risk of Thrombosis,
INSERM, Marseille, France
Background: In a candidate gene study using biobanked whole blood
DNA, we reported association of DNA methylation marks (DNAm)
in the CTP1A gene with triglyceride (TG) levels in families and cases
with venous thromboembolism (VTE). The CTP1A gene codes for a
protein expressed in liver and essential for fatty acid oxidation, thus
supporting the role of DNAm in TG regulation.
Aims: To explore the role of epigenetic marks in the inter-individual
variation of fasting TG levels.
Methods: We conducted a genome-wide investigation of blood DNAm
in 214 individuals from the French-Canadian Family study on F5L
Thrombophilia (F5L), a study sample composed of 5 large families
ascertained on single probands with VTE. Replication was conducted
in 350 unrelated VTE cases from the MARseilleTHrombosis Association Study (MARTHA). We used linear mixed regression models
adjusted for age, sex and cell type proportions; and for familial corre-
ABSTRACTS
lation in the F5L study. Sensitivity analyses taking into account potential confounders and effect modifiers (BMI, smoking, oral contraceptive) were conducted.
Results: We replicated the recently reported DNAm-TG association in
ABCG1, a lipid-related gene, and discovered a novel genome-wide significant association in the PHGDH gene. The effect size at the
PHGDH locus was stronger in the F5L study (beta = 0.2; P = 1.2e6) than in MARTHA (beta = 0.08; P = 0.04). The prevalence of
overweight individuals (BMI 25) was 56% and 35%, respectively, in
the F5L and MARTHA studies. A stratified analysis in MARTHA
revealed BMI being an effect modifier, with effect detected in overweight individuals only (beta = 0.2, P = 0.008 vs. normal BMI
beta = 0.02, P = 0.73).
Conclusion: The DNAm mark found in PHGDH is only 34 kb from
HMGCS2, a gene with similar function as CTP1A. HMGCS2 belongs
to the HMG-CoA synthase family known for its pivotal role in cholesterol synthesis and ketogenesis. These findings may shed light on the
molecular mechanisms underlying the VTE-obesity association.
AS046
Obesity measures, CRP and risk of venous
thromboembolism and myocardial infarction
Horvei LD1,2, Brkkan SK1,2, Mathiesen E2,3, Njlstad I2,4,
Wilsgaard T4, Brox J2,5 and Hansen J-B1,2
1
Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of North
Norway; 2Department of Clinical Medicine, K.G. Jebsen
Thrombosis Research and Expertise Center; 3Brain and
Circulation Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine;
4
Department of Community Medicine, University of Troms;
5
Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of
North Norway, Troms, Norway
Background: Low-grade inflammation is an apparent feature in obesity
known to play an essential role for the relation between obesity and
atherosclerosis-associated diseases. Thus, it is likely to assume that
obesity-derived inflammation may be a shared pathway for the risk of
venous thromboembolism (VTE) and myocardial infarction (MI).
Aims: To investigate the impact of C-reactive protein (CRP) on risk of
MI and VTE in normal-weight and obese subjects recruited from a
general population.
Methods: CRP and obesity measures were collected from 5995 subjects
aged 2584 years, who participated in the Troms Study in 199495.
Incident VTEs and MIs were registered until January 1, 2011. Coxproportional regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios of
MI and VTE by different categories of CRP and obesity measures.
Results: There were 268 VTEs and 850 MIs during a median follow-up
of 15.7 years. Waist-height ratio (WHtR) and waist circumference
(WC) showed the highest correlations with CRP (Pearsons r 0.30 and
0.27, respectively). High levels of CRP (> 3 mg L1 vs. < 1 mg L1)
were associated with a significant 5080% increased risk of MI in all
categories of WC and WHtR.
The joint effect of high WHtR or WC and CRP on risk of MI was
slightly stronger than the sum of the individual components alone
(synergy indices 1.30 and 1.16). Contrary, CRP levels were not associated with risk of VTE inany WHtR or WC category, and no synergistic effect was found. Risk estimates for MI in the highest vs. the lowest
quintiles of the obesity measures were attenuated by 1743% after
adjustment for CRP, while the corresponding risk estimates for VTE
were not affected by adjustment for CRP.
Conclusion: CRP was associated with increased risk of MI, but not
with VTE in both normal-weight and obese individuals. Our findings
suggest that low-grade inflammation does not play a key role in the
causal pathway of obesity-related VTE.
17
AS047
Visceral adiposity independently determines thrombin
generation lag time and peak thrombin in morbid
obesity
Chitongo P1,2, Roberts L3, Rebecca L4, Patel R1, Aylwin S5 and
Arya R1
1
Kings Thrombosis Centre, Kings College Hospital, London;
2
School of Life Sciences, University of the West of England,
Bristol; 3Kings Throbosis Centre; 4Respiratory Medicine;
5
Department of Endocrinology, Kings College Hospital, London,
UK
Background: Obesity is a modifiable risk factor for morbidity including
venous thromboembolism and cardiovascular disease. The cardiovascular risk associated with obesity is influenced by fat distribution;
however the effect of fat compartmentalisation on markers of hypercoagulability is unknown.
Aims: This study evaluates the impact of abdominal fat compartmentalisation on hypercoagulability markers and thrombin generation
parameters in grade III obese individuals.
Methods: Morbidly obese individuals attending the obesity clinic at
Kings College Hospital were consecutively recruited. Blood was taken
for markers of hypercoagulability including D-dimer (DD), Factor
VIII, fibrinogen and thrombin generation measured with calibrated
automated thrombography. Single slice CT scans at L4 were performed to measure visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue
(SAT).
Results: Eighty nine subjects were recruited into the study. The following parameters were elevated in subjects: DD, fibrinogen, factor VIII,
factor VII, plasminogen activator inhibitor, tissue factor pathway
inhibitor (TFPI) and thrombin generation; lag time, peak and endogenous throbin potential. VAT correlated positively with FVIII, fibrinogen, free protein S, TFPI, thrombin generation lag time, peak
thrombin, thrombin generation time to peak. VAT was also negatively
correlated with antithrombin (Pearsons r = 0.275). There was no
relationship between SAT and any of the haemostatic markers. Using
multiple regression analysis and adjusting for age, sex and ethnicity,
VAT was found be an independent determinant for peak thrombin
and thrombin generation lag time (standardised regression coefficients:
0.378 and 0.308).
Conclusion: VAT is an independent determinant of thrombin peak in
class III obesity. In contrast, SAT was not associated with hypercoagulability. This suggests a possible role for VAT via adipocytokines in
mediating the hypercoagulable state in morbid obesity.
Sickle cell disease

AS049
Kininogen deficiency attenuates thrombin generation
in a mouse model of sickle cell disease
Sparkenbaugh E1, Key NS1, Chandarajoti K1, Gruber A2,
Mackman N1, McCrae K3 and Pawlinski R1
1
School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,
Chapel Hill, NC; 2Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health &
Sciences University, Portland, OR; 3Department of Cellular and
Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
Background: We recently showed that tissue factor (TF) expressed by
leukocytes activates coagulation in mouse model of sickle cell disease
(SCD) and via microthrombotic events contributes to local lung
inflammation, whereas endothelial cell TF does not contribute to coagulation but mediates factor Xa (FXa)-PAR2 signaling that enhances
IL-6 expression. Treatment with FXa inhibitor rivaroxaban attenuated
18
ABSTRACTS
both thrombin generation and IL-6 expression in sickle cell mice. Clinical data suggest that intrinsic coagulation pathway and kallikrein/
kininogen system may be activated in SCD patients.
Aims: We investigated if these two pathways contribute to the hypercoagulable state and IL-6 expression in sickle mice (Townes model).
Methods: Bone marrow from sickle (S) and non-sickle (A) Townes
mice, was transplanted into wild-type (WT), FXII/, FXI/, as
wellas high molecular weight kininogen (HK)+/+ or HK/ recipients. Mice were used for experiments 5 months after transplantation
(n = 1024 mice).
Results: Thrombin generation, measured by plasma thrombin antithrombin (TAT) levels, was increased in WT mice injected with S bone
marrow (WT/BMS) compared to WT/BMA mice (1.7-fold, P < 0.05),
but neither FXII nor FXI deficiency reduce thrombin generation. In
addition, inhibition of FXIIa-dependent activation of FXI with 14E11
antibody also did not reduce plasma TAT levels in SS mice. Importantly, increased plasma TAT levels in HK+/+/BMS (1.6-fold,
P < 0.01 vs. HK+/+/BMA) were significantly decreased in HK//
BMS mice (4.8 0.5 vs. 3.48 0.2 ng mL1, P < 0.05). In vitro, HK
fragments induce TF expression on monocytes. Increased plasma levels of IL-6 observed in WT/BMS mice (5.6-fold, P < 0.01 vs. WT/
BMA) were not affected by any deficiency.
Conclusion: Our data indicate that HK, but not FXII and FXI, contributes to thrombin generation in SCD at steady state. Targeting HK
fragments-induced TF expression on monocytes may be a promising
approach to reduce hypercoagulabIe state in SCD without impacting
hemostasis.
AS050
Microparticles generated during storage of packed red
blood cell units support thrombin generation
Bouchard BA1, Keith HN2, Lavoie EM2, Orfeo T2 and Mann KG2
1
Biochemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington; 2Biochemistry,
University of Vermont, Colchester, VT, USA
Background: Intact RBCs appear to support thrombin generation in
in vitro models of blood coagulation. During storage of packed red
blood cell (pRBC) units, biochemical, structural and physiological
changes occur including alterations to RBC membranes and release of
microparticles.
Aims: The goal of this study was to assess the formation of procoagulant microparticles over the normal storage period of pRBC units.
Methods: On days 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 post production, five leukocyte-reduced pRBC units were sampled and aliquots of cells processed
by differential centrifugation to provide washed cell and microparticle
fractions. The ability of these fractions to support prothrombinase
assembly and function was assessed. High resolution flow cytometry
and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the
microparticle fraction.
Results: The rate of thrombin formation by microparticle isolates linearly increased ~8 fold from day 7 to day 42 of pRBC storage (n = 5),
with the microparticle fraction accounting for the majority of the prothrombinase activity associated with pRBC units after 28 days. Flow
cytometric analysis of microparticle isolates performed using anti-glycophorin A-PE identified RBC-derived microparticles, all of which
also expressed phosphatidylserine as evidenced by binding of bovine
lactadherin-FITC. SEM of a 42 day microparticle isolate showed the
presence of microparticles ranging from 103 to 211 nm in diameter; in
the washed RBC isolate, SEM showed the presence of similar sized
vesicles extruding from the surface of RBCs.
Conclusion: Accumulation of RBC-derived vesicles capable of supporting prothrombinase function is a continuous process during storage.
This suggests an increased potential of transfused units as they age to
interact in unplanned ways with ongoing hemostatic processes in
injured individuals, especially given the standard blood bank practice

of using the oldest units available.
Disclosure of Interest: B. Bouchard, H. Keith, E. Lavoie and T. Orfeo:
None Declared; K. Mann Shareholder of: Haematologic Technologies, Consultant for: Baxter, Diagnostica Stago, Bayer, CSL Behring,
Alnylam.
AS051
Specific inhibition of GPIba shedding improves posttransfusion recovery and adhesive function of outdated
human apheresis platelets
Liang X1, Tao Y2, Syed AK1, Jessup P3, Church W4,
Josephson CD3, Mo X2 and Li R1
1
Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine,
Atlanta, USA; 2Institute for Pediatric Translational Medicine,
Shanghai Childrens Medical Center, Shanghai, China;
3
Department of Pathology, Childrens Healthcare of Atlanta,
Atlanta; 4Green Mountain Antibodies, Burlington, USA
Background: Platelets (PLTs) undergo progressive and deleterious
modifications during storage, an important feature of which is the
ectodomain shedding of GPIba. Althoughinhibiting sheddase activity
hampers clearance of PLTs with storage lesion, the role of GPIba
shedding in PLT clearance is not defined. An anti-GPIba monoclonal
antibody 5G6 has been developed to specifically inhibit GPIba shedding.
Aims: To test if 5G6 preserves quality and viability of stored human
leukoreduced apheresis-derived PLTs.
Methods: The tight binding of 5G6 and its epitope in GPIba was studied by X-ray crystallography. Each of eight 2-day-old apheresis units
was divided evenly and stored with 5G6 Fab fragment, control Fab or
saline solutions under the standard blood bank condition for 8 days.
Before and periodically during storage, aliquots were retrieved from
the storage bag and analyzed for GPIba expression, PLT activity and
adhesion under flow. Post-transfusion survival of stored PLTs in
SCID mice was tracked by flow cytometry.

Results: The 5G6 Fab-epitope complex structure was solved to 2.4-A
resolution. It explains the binding specificity of 5G6 to the GPIba
shedding cleavage site. 5G6 Fab treatment inhibited GPIba shedding
in apheresis PLTs during storage. Compared with control PLTs, 5G6
Fab-stored PLTs exhibited the same levels of pH, PS exposure, PAC-1
binding, P-selectin expression, and agonist-induced aggregation. 5G6
Fab-stored 8-day-old PLTs formed significantly more and larger
thrombi over the collagen surface under flow than control 8-day-old
PLTs. The post-transfusion recovery of 5G6 Fab-stored 8-day-old
PLTs in SCID mice was markedly higher than that of control 8-dayold PLTs and statistically indistinguishable from that of fresh 2-dayold PLTs.
Conclusion: Specific inhibition of GPIba shedding during storage
improves post-transfusion recovery and adhesive function of outdated
human apheresis PLTs, providing clear evidence for GPIba shedding
as a cause of PLT clearance.
ABSTRACTS
AS052
The global impact of pathogen reduction systems on
the platelet mRNA transcriptome, analysed by
differential expression of RNA-Seq data
Osman A1, Hitzler WE2 and Provost P3
1
ping University Hospital, Linko
ping,
Clinical Chemistry, Linko
Sweden; 2Transfusion Center, University Medical Center of the
Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany; 3CHUQ
Research Center/CHUL, Faculty of Medicine, Universite Laval,
Quebec, Canada
Background: Platelet concentrates (PCs) are prepared at blood banks
for patient transfusion in certain clinical conditions, associated with a
low platelet count. To prevent transfusion-transmitted infections via
PCs, different pathogen reduction (PR) systems have been developed
that inactivate the nucleic acids of contaminating pathogens by chemical cross-linking, a mechanism that may also affect platelets nucleic
acids. We previously reported that treatment of stored platelets with
the PR system Intercept significantly reduced the level of 6 microRNAs, induced platelet activation and compromised the platelet
response to physiological agonists.
Aims: These observations prompted us to investigate the global impact
of PR on the platelet mRNA transcriptome.
Methods: Genome-wide differential expression (DE) RNA sequencing
(RNA-Seq) analysis by Next-Generation sequencing was applied to
study the mRNA transcriptional landscape of platelets. One control
group (untreated platelets) was compared with four platelet groups
treated with common pathogen reduction systems.
Results: We report that Intercept markedly perturbs the mRNA transcriptome of human platelets and alter the expression levels of more
than 1000 mRNAs (P < 0.05) compared to other PR systems and control platelets. Furthermore, integrated analysis combining expression
data for microRNA (miRNA) and mRNA with prediction of miRNA-mRNA interactions disclosed several negative correlations
between downregulated miRNAs and upregulated target mRNAs in
Intercept-treated platelets.
Conclusion: In conclusion, this study demonstrates that Intercept
markedly alters the platelet mRNA transcriptome by diminishing the
expression of a significant number of genes and by elevating the
expression levels of other mRNAs as a result of reduced expression
levels of their regulatory miRNAs.
19
Diagnostic techniques in
atherothrombosis
AS054
Whole exome sequencing in patients with inherited
thrombocytopenia and excessive bleeding is an
efficient way to identify genetic variants in known and
novel genes
IS3, Drake S1,
Johnson B1, Lowe G1, Simpson M2, Guiu
1
1
1
MacDonald D , Bem D , Fletcher S , Futterer J1, Leo V4,

Lordkipanidz
e M1, Dawood B1, Biss T5, Bolton-Maggs P6,
7
Collins P , Curry N8, Makris M4, Motwani J9, Pavord S10, Talks K5,
Thacil J11, Wilde J12, Williams M9, Harrison P1, Gissen P13,
Mundell S14, Mumford A14, Daly M4, Watson S1, Morgan N1 and
on behalf of the UK-GAPP Study Group
1
Birmingham; 2Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine,
Kings College London, London, UK; 3Centro Regional de
n, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain;
Hemodonacio
4
University of Sheffield, Sheffield; 5Royal Victoria Infirmary,
Newcastle; 6Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS
Foundation Trust, Manchester; 7Cardiff University, Cardiff;
8
Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford; 9Birmingham
Childrens Hospital NHS Trust, Birmingham; 10University
Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester; 11Manchester Royal Infirmary,
Manchester; 12University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation
Trust, Birmingham; 13University College London, London;
14
University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
Background: Inherited thrombocytopenias are a heterogeneous group
of disorders characterised by a low platelet count which is associated
with abnormal bleeding. A normal platelet count in whole blood is
150450 9 109 L1 which is maintained within a narrow range via
homeostatic processes. Next generation sequencing has previously
been employed for the confirmation of suspected genetic abnormalities
and more recently the discovery of novel disease causing genes but its
full potential has not previously been utilised in a large patient cohort.
Aims: To determine the genetic aetiology of disease and novel variant
discovery in a UK-wide patient cohort with clinical bleeding and a suspected inherited thrombocytopenia.
Methods: Patients are analysed using a unique approach combining
platelet phenotyping, by flow cytometry, and genotyping, consisting of
targeted panel and whole exome sequencing, as outlined by the UKGenotyping and Phenotyping of Platelets (GAPP) study group.Whole
blood cell counts are determined using the Sysmex XN-1000 haematology analyser (Whole blood platelet counts, MPV, IPF).
Results: Over the course of the past 6 years we have recruited over 600
patients with suspected platelet function disorders to the GAPP study.
To date 52 patients, with platelet counts varying between 11
186 9 109 L1, from 34 index cases have undergone whole exome
sequencing. We have identified and confirmed the genetic basis of disease in 71% (24/34) of patients. Variations in the 29 known thrombocytopenia causing genes account for 19 patients (ACTN1, ANKRD26,
CYCS, FLI1, GFI1B, GP1BA, MKL1, MYH9, NBEAL2, RUNX1 and
TUBB1). Five patients show novel genetic aetiology (ANKRD18A,
PF4 and SLFN14).
Conclusion: Whole exome sequencing, combined with platelet phenotyping, is an efficient method for determining the genetic cause of disease in patients with inherited thrombocytopenia. In addition it aids in
the discovery of novel genes which can help further our knowledge of
platelet biology.
20
ABSTRACTS
AS055
A novel platform to study the mechano-sensing
mechanism on a single aspired platelet
Ju L1,2,3, Chen Y4, Jackson S1,2 and Zhu C3,4
1
Charles Perkins Centre; 2Heart Research Institute, University of
Sydney, Camperdown, Australia; 3Department of Biomedical
Engineering; 4Department of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia
Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA
Background: Under conditions of rapid blood flow, adhesion and signaling of platelets are initiated by their surface receptors GPIba and
integrin aIIbb3 binding to sub-endothelial ligands: von Willebrand factor (VWF) and fibrinogen (Fg). Such interactions (VWFGPIba and
FgaIIbb3) can trigger outside-in signals, characterized by distinct elevations of cytosolic calcium (Ca2+). However, the mechano-sensing
mechanisms still remain obscure.
Aims: Armed with a novel single-molecule approach: fluorescence biomembrane force probe (fBFP), we propose to elucidate how force triggers a single GPIba and aIIbb3 bond mediated platelet signal.
Methods: In fBFP, we simultaneously measured and analyzed binding
and intracellular Ca2+ of single platelets. VWF-A1 or Fg was coated
on a bead attached to a red blood cell to form a force probe (left). A
discoid human platelet pre-loaded with Fura2 was aspirated by an
apposing micropipette to serve as a target (right). The platelet target
repeatedly touched (mimics platelet translocation) the bead to probe
each bond.
Results: Our experiment revealed that a universal correlation was
observed between the pre-Ca2+ longest lifetime and the Ca2+ peak
across wild type, 2B (R1450E) and 2M (V1279I) VWF-A1 mutants.
This indicates a mechanoreception mechanism induced by a durable
force on single GPIba and suggests von Willebrand disease may also
be a signaling defect. Interestingly, the single FgaIIbb3 bonds could
also induce significant morphological structure that features body
elongation, remodeling and contraction, which is similar to our
recently characterized tractopod structure a branched platelet membrane anchor that is responsible for initiating platelet-endothelial
interactions but insensitive to the classic anti-platelet treatments by
aspirin and clopidogrel.
Conclusion: Single-molecule fluorescence technique fBFP provides the
new molecular insights on how shear force regulates the platelet mechano-signaling and the consequences of their dysregulation in human
blood diseases.
AS056
Factor Xa overcomes inhibition by the direct factor Xainhibitors following insertion of a structural element
from the serine protease domain of snake venom factor
Xa
Verhoef D, Schreuder M, van der Sluijs CF, Cheung KL, Yang X,
Reitsma PH and Bos MHA
Division of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Leiden University
Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Background: The direct factor Xa (FXa)-inhibitors apixaban and rivaroxaban are small compounds that tightly bind the FXa active site and
effectively block all catalytic activity. Strikingly, the FXa homolog
from the venom of the elapid snake P.textilis shows minimal sensitivity
to inhibition by the FXa-inhibitors. This homolog contains a 13-residue insertion between His91-Tyr99 (chymotrypsin numbering) in the
serine protease domain, which is conserved in venom-FXa-producing
Australian elapids only. A recent crystal structure of a venom-FXa
isoform shows this region to be in close proximity of the active site.
Aims: We hypothesize that this insertion accounts for the minimal sensitivity of P.textilis venom-FXa to the FXa-inhibitors.
Methods: To investigate this, we constructed and stably expressed
three human FX variants (FX-A, FX-B, FX-C) that incorporate the
insertion from different venom-FXaisoforms.
Results: Upon purification, RVV-X-activation, and isolation by sizeexclusion chromatography, peptidyl substrate conversion by all FXa
variants revealed an up to 500-fold reduced sensitivity towards the
FXa-inhibitors. Moreover, once assembled into prothrombinase, all
variants were able to sustain prothrombin conversion at significantly
higher FXa-inhibitor concentrations (IC50 100600 nM) compared to
plasma-derived FXa (pdFXa; IC50 2 nM). FXa-initiated (5 nM)
thrombin generation (TG) in human plasma demonstrated near normal TG profiles for the FXa variants. While apixaban (2 lM) dramatically prolonged the lag time (32-fold) and reduced peak thrombin by
75% in pdFXa-initiated TG, these parameters were unperturbed with
the FXa variants present.
Conclusion: In conclusion, insertion of venom-FXa regions into
human FXa permits protease function in the presence of an excess of
direct FXa-inhibitors. As such, these chimeric proteases have the
potential to serve as rescue therapeutic agents to overcome the effect
of FXa-inhibitors in case of potential life-threatening bleeding events
or emergency surgical interventions.
Disclosure of Interest: D. Verhoef: None Declared, M. Schreuder:
None Declared, C. van der Sluijs: None Declared, K. L. Cheung:
None Declared, X. Yang: None Declared, P. Reitsma: None Declared,
M. Bos Grant/Research Support from: Bayer Hemophilia Awards.
Protease activated receptors

AS057
Coagulation proteinases, proteinase-activated
receptors and inflammation
Hollenberg M
Inflammation Research Network-Snyder Institute for Chronic
Diseases, Departments of Physiology & Pharmacology and
Medicine, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine,
Calgary, Canada
In addition to its ability to promote coagulation by converting fibrinogen to fibrin, thrombin is now known to regulate tissue function by
cleaving and activating a unique set of proteolytically activated G-protein-coupled receptors (PARs 1 & 4). PAR signaling involves the
cleavage-unmasking of an N-terminal receptor sequence that becomes
a tethered ligand (TL). In addition to thrombin, Activated Protein-C
(APC) also activates PAR1, but by cleaving at a distinct N-terminal
site to generate a distinct biased-signaling tethered ligand, TL-APC,
that increases endothelial barrier function in contrast with the decrease
caused by thrombin-PAR1 activation. Moreover, PAR1 signalling can
involve its heterodimerization with PAR2. Coagulation and other sitespecific proteinases can generate all of the classical hallmarks of acute
and chronic inflammation (dolor, calor, rubor, tumor and functio
laesa) by activating PARs on a variety of target cells ranging from sensory neurons to somatic parenchymal cells and the vascular endothelium. As will be discussed, these actions contribute to a variety of
inflammatory diseases ranging from colitis, arthritis and multiple sclerosis to cancer. Thus, the PARs and their activating proteinases represent attractive therapeutic targets for treating inflammatory disease.
ABSTRACTS
AS058
Unravelling PAR1 signaling in endothelial cells using
quantitative phosphoproteomics
van den Eshof BL1, van Alphen FP1, Mertens K1,2, Meijer AB1,2
and van den Biggelaar M1
1
Department of Plasma Proteins, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam;
2
Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for
Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The
Netherlands
Background: Thrombin-induced endothelial signaling has been
recently dissected, revealing thousands of dynamically regulated phosphorylation sites. Proteinase-activated receptor 1 (PAR1) is the predominant thrombin receptor in endothelial cells (ECs), however it is
unclear whether it accounts completely for this extensive phosphoregulation. This is particularly relevant, since PAR1 inhibitors have been
developed as novel anti-platelet drugs and their effects on ECs are
unclear.
Aims: The aim of this study is to dissect the contribution of PAR1,
additional PARs and other receptors in thrombin signaling using an
unbiased phosphoproteomic approach.
Methods: Blood outgrowth endothelial cells (BOECs) and platelets
were stimulated with PAR1 peptide (10 lM SFLLRN) or thrombin
(1 U mL1) in presence/absence of PAR1 antagonist (100 nM Vorapaxar). Platelet aggregation and endothelial barrier function were
measured using aggregometry and ECIS. Activation of p38MAPK
was determined using a phospho specific antibody (T180/Y182). BOECs were metabolically labeled using SILAC and stimulated for 2/
10 min in a triplicate labeling experiment as described above. Phosphorylated peptides were enriched using TiO2 precipitation, detected
by Orbitrap Fusion Tribrid MS and analyzed using MaxQuant and
Perseus software.
Results: In addition to inhibiting PAR1 mediated platelet aggregation,
vorapaxar completely blocked thrombin- and PAR1-mediated p38
MAPK activation and endothelial barrier disruption. Principal component analysis of quantified phosphosites (> 3300) and hierarchical
clustering of regulated phosphosites (> 200) showed that thrombin
and PAR1 peptide induced identical phosphoregulation, which was
completely blocked by vorapaxar.
Conclusion: This study indicates that only PAR1 mediates thrombininduced phosphoregulation in ECs. In addition, PAR1-directed antiplatelet drugs have an unexpected direct side-effect on EC functioning.
This approach will now be applied to further dissect signaling networks induced by different PAR1 agonists.
AS059
Thrombin, stromal cell-associated PAR-1, and fibrin
(ogen) promote colon cancer progression
Adams G1, Rosenfeldt L1, Frederick M1, Miller W1, Waltz D1,
Kombrinck K1, Monia B2, Revenko A2 and Palumbo J1
1
Department of Hematology, Cincinnati Childrens Hospital,
Cincinnati, OH; 2Department of Antisense Drug Discovery, Isis
Pharmaceuticals Inc., Carlsbad, CA, USA
Background: Hemostatic factors are powerful determinants of metastasis, but are generally dispensable for tumor growth. Several lines of
evidence suggest that colon cancer represents at least one important
exception.
Aims: To identify hemostatic factors which contribute to colon cancer
progression.
Methods: We used gene-targeted mice to define the role of prothrombin, PAR-1, and fibrinogen in the growth and dissemination of colonic
adenocarcinoma.
21
Results: Lowering circulating prothrombin levels to ~10% of normal

in mice dramatically impeded the growth of murine- and humanderived colonic adenocarcinomas and nearly eliminated the metastatic
potential of these cells. Colon cancer growth was also impeded in
PAR-1/ mice, suggesting that thrombin drives colon cancer growth
via activation of stromal cell-derived PAR-1. Furthermore, colon cancer growth was profoundly diminished in fibrinogen-deficient mice relative to control animals. Fibrinogen deficiency resulted in a 3-fold
diminution in tumor mass over a 3 week study period. Tumor mitotic
indices were 2-fold higher in tumors from control mice relative to
those from fibrinogen-deficient mice. This finding was in stark contrast
with previous studies where fibrinogen was dispensable for the robust
growth of multiple non-gastrointestinal cancers. Fibrin crosslinking
was not required for colonic adenocarcinoma proliferation, as tumor
growth was unaffected by elimination of factor XIII. However, colon
cancer growth was diminished in mice expressing a mutant fibrinogen
lacking the aMb2 binding motif but maintaining normal clotting function, suggesting that fibrin(ogen)-leukocyte interactions promote the
growth of colonic adenocarcinoma.
Conclusion: These data indicate that colon cancer represents one
important malignancy where thrombin-mediated proteolysis drives
both primary tumor growth and metastasis formation. These results
also suggest that thrombin promotes colon cancer growth via mechanisms involving at least two distinct substrates, PAR-1 and fibrinogen.
AS060
Tumor-derived tissue factor-expressing microvesicles
promote a proadhesive phenotype in endothelial cells
Che S1 and Stokol T2
1
Biomedical Engineering; 2Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
Background: Microvesicles (MV) are found in blood samples from
human patients with cancer, with MV concentrations correlated to
tumor malignancy. MV can promote tumor progression and metastasis by triggering signaling or transferring protein and RNAs to other
(host or tumor) cells. Tissue factor (TF), over-expressed by most epithelial tumors, is found also found on tumor MV.
Aims: We hypothesized that TF-expressing tumor MV would activate
endothelial cells via protease-activated receptors (PARs), upregulating
adhesion molecules; such endothelial activation could potentially promote metastasis.
Methods: Tumor-conditioned media was collected from MDA-MB231 and MCF-7, breast cancer cell lines that express high and low TF
respectively. Media was ultracentrifuged at 100,000 x g for 70 min to
collect MV. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were
treated with MV with or without factor VIIa (FVIIa) and factor X
(FX) for 6 or 24 h. We evaluated the expression of adhesion molecules
(E-selectin, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1) using cell surface ELISAs.
Results: We found that MV derived from MDA-MB-231, but not
MCF-7, induced upregulation of E-selection and ICAM-1, but not
VCAM-1, after 6 and 24 h of exposure. We observed higher adhesion
molecule expression with increasing concentrations of FVIIa (0.1
10 nM) and FX (50150 nM). The upregulation of adhesion molecules
was abolished by a FXa inhibitor (FPRCK, 40 lM) and an anti-TF
antibody (HTF-1, 10 lg mL1), but not hirudin (10 U mL1). Preliminary experiments with PAR-1/2 agonists and antagonists supported
that the upregulation of surface adhesion molecules by TF-expressing
MV was mediated through PAR receptors on HUVEC.
Conclusion: TF-expressing tumor MV can promote a proadhesive phenotype in endothelial cells, which can enhance metastasis by arresting
tumor cells in circulation or recruiting hematopoietic-derived progenitor cells to form a pre-metastatic niche.
22
ABSTRACTS
VWF
AS061
The multiple roles of von Willebrand factor: regulation
of angiogenesis
Randi A
NHLI, Imperial College London, London, UK
Thelarge multimeric glycoprotein Von Willebrand factor (VWF), best
known for its role in haemostasis, is involved in multiple vascular processes. We recently described a new role for VWF in controlling angiogenesis. In vivo, using the VWF deficient mouse, we found increased
angiogenesis in three different models, namely the Matrigel plug, the
new-born retina angiogenesis and the hind limb ischemia models. In vitro, inhibition of VWF expression by siRNA resulted in increased
endothelial cell migration, proliferation and angiogenesis; similar
defects were found in endothelial cells differentiated ex vivo from
blood outgrowth endothelial progenitor cells (BOEC) isolated from
patients with Von Willebrand disease (VWD). These data indicate that
endothelial VWF modulates the process of new vessel formation by
exerting an inhibitory effect. VWF deficiency resulted in enhanced
pro-angiogenic signalling through vascular endothelial growth factor
receptor-2 (VEGFR2), one of the most potent activators of angiogenesis. Both intracellular and extracellular mechanisms have been implicated in the control of blood vessel formation by VWF, including
angiopoietin-2 and integrin avb3; their relative importance in modulating VEGFR2 signalling and angiogenesis is being investigated.
These findings may have significant clinical implications for patients
with VWD and angiodysplasia. Angiodysplasia has been linked to dysregulated angiogenesis, a condition of degenerative blood vessels present in the gastrointestinal tract which can cause severe intractable
bleeding in patients with congenital VWD or in acquired conditions
such as Heyde syndrome or left ventricular assisted device (LVAD).
AS062
Von Willebrand factor is indispensable for venous
hemostasis in a novel murine bleeding model
Bazaa A1, Muczynski V1, Harel A1, Knudsen T2, Denis CV1,
Christophe OD1 and Lenting PJ1
1
Inserm U.1176, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France; 2Novo Nordisk A/S,
Department of Haemophilia Pharmacology, Novo Nordisk Park,
M
alv, Denmark
Background: Von Willebrand factor (VWF) is crucial for arterial hemostasis, while its role in venous hemostasis is considered to be limited. The murine tail clip-bleeding model that is used to test hemostasis
in vivo involves both arterial and venous vessels, and is thus unable to
distinguish for the role of VWF in either hemostatic process.
Aims: To investigate the contribution of VWF to venous hemostasis in
a novel tail-vein transection bleeding model.
Methods: Wild-type murine VWF (wt-mVWF), mVWF mutants or
human FVIII were expressed in Vwf-deficient mice via hydrodynamic
gene transfer and their effect on venous bleeding was assessed.
Results: Specific transection of the lateral tail vein in Vwf-deficient
mice resulted in uninterrupted bleeding for 30 min with excessive
blood loss (0.9 0.3 mL; n = 8). Normalization of FVIII levels
(1.6 0.4 U mL1) via over-expression of wt-FVIII left the bleeding
tendency unaffected (bleeding time 30 min; blood loss
0.7 0.2 mL; n = 8; P > 0.05), indicating that bleeding is not due to
reduced FVIII levels. Expression of wt-mVWF corrected the bleeding
tendency (bleeding time: 2.2 0.5 min (n = 11); blood loss:
0.2 0.1 mL). No spontaneous rebleeding and limited rebleeding
upon physical challenge was observed. Similar data were obtained for
a VWF mutant lacking collagen binding. Mice expressing VWF with

defective binding to glycoprotein (Gp)IIbIIIa (mVWF/p.D2509G) displayed a heterogeneous phenotype: 4 of 5 mice were similar to wtmVWF, while one mouse displayed prolonged bleeding time (6.5 min),
spontaneous rebleeds and increased blood loss (0.8 mL). Defective
GpIb-binding (mutant mVWF/p.K1362A) induced an increased bleeding time (5 2 min) and excessive rebleeds in 4 mice, while 2 additional mice bled non-stop for 30 min. Blood loss was significantly
increased in all mVWF/K1562A-expressing mice (0.6 0.2 mL;
n = 6; P < 0.02).
Conclusion: Our data point to a previously unrecognized role for
VWF-GpIb interactions in the arrest of venous bleedings.
Disclosure of Interest: A. Bazaa: None Declared, V. Muczynski: None
Declared, A. Harel: None Declared, T. Knudsen Employee of: Novo
Nordisk, M
alv, Denmark, C. V. Denis: None Declared, O. D. Christophe: None Declared, P. J. Lenting Grant/Research Support from:
Novo Nordisk.
AS063
The introduction of a mucin insert at the N-terminus of
VWF-A1, but not the C-terminus, enhances platelet
gpiba binding to VWF
Kelkar A1, Zhang C1, Swartz D2 and Neelamegham S1
1
Chemical and Biological Engineering; 2Pediatrics, State
Universtiy of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
Background: Von Willebrand Factor (VWF) A1-domain binding to
the platelet receptor GPIba regulates thrombosis rates. While studies
using different truncated VWF forms suggest that the domains and
peptides flanking VWF-A1 control its binding to GpIba, this concept
has not been tested using multimeric protein and in in vivo models.
Aims: To determine if altering the physical distance between VWF-A1
and domains located at its N-terminus (i.e. VWF-DD3) and C-terminus (VWF-A2) affect platelet-VWF interaction under shear.
Methods: A 20-amino acid mucin insert was introduced at either the
N- or C-terminus of the A1-domain in two base constructs: multimeric
human VWF (h-VWF) and a variant where the human A1-domain
was replaced by murine-A1 (h[mA1]-VWF). Proteins were expressed
in HEK cells or in VWF/ mice using hydrodynamic injection.
Results: In ELISA, insertion of the mucin at the N-, but not C-, terminus of human-A1 decreased the KD of VWF-GpIba binding by 50
100 fold. In viscometer based shear induced platelet aggregation
assays, also, VWF with the N-terminal mucin insert displayed a higher
potential to trigger platelet activation and aggregation compared to hVWF or the protein with the C-terminal insert. Additionally, the antiD0 D3 mAb DD3.1 inhibited platelet aggregation in runs containing hVWF but not VWF with the N-terminal mucin. Similar to this, mucin
insertion at the N- but not C-terminus of both h-VWF and h[mA1]VWF dramatically decreased platelet translocation velocity, increased
platelet accumulation and enhanced thrombus formation under fluid
shear in studies performed using a microfluidic flow cell. Increased
blood coagulation upon N-terminal mucin insertion was also noted in
tail-bleed assays performed using VWF/ mice that expressed different h[mA1]-VWF variants.
Conclusion: Overall, the spacing between the VWF-DD3 and A1domain is a critical feature regulating the adhesive function of multimeric VWF both in vitro and in vivo. The physical distance between
the A1 and A2-domains is less critical.
ABSTRACTS
AS064
High resolution microscopic characterisation of VWF
biosynthesis, storage and secretion in type 1 VWD
patients with large in-frame VWF deletions
Webster SJ, Cartwright A, Hampshire DJ, Peake IR,
Goodeve AC and on behalf of the EU-VWD and ZPMCB-VWD
study groups
Sheffield, UK
Background: Type 1 von Willebrand disease (VWD1) results from partial quantitative deficiency of von Willebrand factor (VWF) caused by
mutations in the VWF gene (VWF). Previous studies identified three
novel in-frame VWD1 deletions, involving exons 3 (VWFdel3), 3234
(VWFdel3234) and 3334 (VWFdel3334), with index cases presenting VWF:Ag levels of 31, 12 and 32 IU dL1 respectively and in vitro
expression demonstrating reduced secretion of recombinant VWF
(rVWF).
Aims: To use high resolution fluorescent microscopy to investigate biosynthesis, storage and secretion of 3 VWF deletion variants.
Methods: rVWF was transiently-transfected into HEK293 cells. 72 h
post-transfection, cells were stained with immunofluorescent antibodies to VWF, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and trans-Golgi network
(TGN) enabling 3-channel co-localisation. Imaging used a Nikon TiE
inverted deconvolution microscope and an OMX Structured Illumination Microscopy (SIM) system.
Results: WT rVWF transfections produced pseudo-Weibel-Palade
bodies (WPB) at the TGN and in the cytoplasm. Homozygous (Hom)
rVWFdel3 completely lacked WPB, with diffuse staining appearing to
co-localise with ER as confirmed via SIM. Heterozygous (Het) rVWFdel3 produced small WPB-like structures and diffuse staining was
reduced. Hom rVWFdel3234 appeared to produce smaller, more
rounded WPB than WT but larger WPB structures were visible in Het
rVWFdel3234. Hom rVWFdel3334 produced small WPB-like structures that appeared to colocalise with TGN, whereas Het rVWFdel33
34 WPB were more dispersed and less TGN-associated.
Conclusion: Large exonic VWF deletions have profound effects on
VWF maturation and WPB formation. Homozygous VWFdel3 abolishes WPB formation, possibly due to ER retention. VWFdel3234
and VWFdel3334 formed WPB-like structures but these were smaller
and rounder than WT, suggesting defective VWF tubule arrangement
during WPB formation in the Golgi. This study demonstrates that
large exonic VWD1 deletions may cause reduced VWF secretion via
defects in WPB biogenesis.
AS065
The recognition of collagen by the VWF a domains
Hamaia SW, Ferguson KA, Hunter E, Bihan D and Farndale RW
Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
Background: von Willebrand factor (VWF) has a crucial role in capturing platelets by subendothelial collagens that become exposed upon
vascular injury or plaque rupture. The VWF A domains are central to
this process, A3 binding to a known site in collagen, Lisman et al.,
Blood, 108: 37533756 (2006), whilst A1 binds to platelet Glycoprotein
Iba. Although a growing strand of literature reports that A1 may also
bind collagen, this interaction remains ill-defined.
Aims: Identify the collagen motif(s) from Toolkit II and Toolkit III
that involve VWF A1 binding.
Methods: We applied recombinant VWF A1 and A3 domains,
expressed as either GST-fusion or His-tagged proteins,to the collagen
Toolkits, libraries of synthetic triple-helical peptides, and measuring
binding using a colorimetric static adhesion assay.
23
Results: As before, A3 bound to a single peptide in Toolkit III (representing the full COL domain of collagen III). Using Toolkit II, A3
bound the corresponding, conserved, site in collagen II. Unexpectedly,
a second peptide in Toolkit II proved strongly A3-reactive, at a site
conserved in collagen I but absent from collagen III. A1 domain was
found to bind several conserved sites in both Toolkits, mapping its collagen-binding activity for the first time.
Conclusion: VWF can interact with collagen in two distinct ways,
through both its A1 and A3 domains. The known A3 site in collagen
II is not fully conserved in collagen I, being degenerate between its two
a-chains, neither of which individually can bind A3: binding activity
would require one specific interchain registration of collagen I. However, the new A3-binding site is conserved in both collagens I and II,
and the novel A1 sites are conserved across all three collagens. We
conclude that both the main fibrillar collagens of the vessel wall, I and
III, can bind VWF via both its A1 and A3 domains. The relationships
between these interactions remains to be established.
Platelet signalling
AS066
Tyrosine phosphatases in platelet signal transduction
Senis YA
School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of
Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
Tyrosine phosphorylation is a primary mode of signal transduction regulating many aspects of platelet activation and thrombosis. Although
much is known about the protein-tyrosine kinases (PTKs) that propagate activation signals in platelets, comparatively little is known about
the protein-tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) that modify these signals.
Dephosphorylation of key tyrosine residues in proteins can alter enzymatic activity and disrupt protein-protein interactions. Ten receptorlike and 10 non-transmembrane PTPs have been identified in platelets
by mass spectrometry; however, less than half have been validated and
the functions of most remain undefined. A growing body of evidence
has established that PTPs are just as important as PTKs in platelets,
performing highly specialized functions, and acting as both positive
and negative regulators of platelet activation. PTPs have also been
implicated as critical regulators of megakaryocyte development and
platelet homeostasis. Fully understanding how these processes are controlled will require an integrated comprehension of PTPs and PTKs,
and how they work together to regulate the level of phosphorylation of
specific sites in receptors and signalling proteins. This knowledge,
together with recent advances in the development of increasingly specific PTP inhibitors may yield a new class of anti-platelet therapy, as
well as novel strategies of controlling platelet production.
This work was funded by the British Heart Foundation.
AS067
RUNX1 regulates megakaryocytic/platelet ras-related
small gtpase RAB1B: potential role in platelet
dysfunction with RUNX1 haplodeficiency
Jalagadugula GS1 and Koneti Rao A2
1
Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center; 2Sol Sherry Thrombosis
Research Center and Department of Medicine, Temple University
School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA
Background: Patients with RUNX1 haplodeficiency have thrombocytopenia, abnormal platelet function and defective granule secretion.
24
ABSTRACTS
Platelet expression studies in patient with thrombocytopenia, abnormal platelet aggregation and secretion, and RUNX1 mutation
revealed downregulation of several genes including ALOX12, MYL9,
PRKCQ, PF4 (Sun et al. 2007 JTH 5: 146154). In addition, small
RABGTPase RAB1B was significantly decreased relative to controls
(fold change: 0.32, P = 0.025; confirmed by qPCR). RABGTPases
play a major role in vesicle trafficking, secretion and granule targeting
of proteins.
Aims: We addressed the hypothesis that megakaryocytic (MK)/platelet
RAB1B is regulated by RUNX1 and alterations in RAB1B may contribute to platelet dysfunction.
Methods: In silico analysis of RAB1B promoter 1/785 bp from the
ATG revealed 4 RUNX1 consensus sites; site-1 (440/435), site-2
(622/617), site-3 (660/655) and site-4 (770/765). We performed studies in human erythroleukemia (HEL) cells treated with
phorbol ester to induce MK transformation. We performed chromatin
immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay using HEL cell chromatin and electrophoretic mobility shift (EMSA) assays using nuclear protein to
assess RUNX1 binding to each site. Luciferase-reporter studies were
performed to assess promoter activity and the effect of RUNX1 overexpression and silencing.
Results: ChIP revealed RUNX1 binding to RAB1B sites-1 and -4.
EMSA revealed RUNX1 binding to same sites. In promoter-reporter
studies mutations of sites-1 and -4 individually reduced activity by
90%. RUNX1 overexpression enhanced RAB1B promoter activityby
2-fold and RAB1B protein ~30%. Enhancement of promoter activity
was abrogated by mutations of sites-1 and -4 indicating that these sites
were functional. RUNX1 siRNA reduced RAB1B promoter activity
and RAB1B protein.
Conclusion: These results provide the first evidence that RAB1B is regulated by RUNX1. Alterations in RAB1B may be the basis of defective
granules and secretion in RUNX1 haplodeficiency.
AS068
TRPM7 kinase regulates itam-signaling and plays a
critical role in thrombosis and ischemic stroke
Braun A1, Chen W1, Schmitz C2, Zahedi R3, Gotru SK1, Kraft P4,
Wolf K1, Stritt S1, Hermanns HM5, Matsushita M6, Zierler S7,
Chubanov V7, Gudermann T7, Stoll G4 and Nieswandt B1
1
Department of Vascular Medicine, University of W
urzburg,
rzburg, Germany; 2Integrated Department of Immunology,
Wu
University of Colorado Denver and National Jewish Health,
r Analytische
Denver, CO, USA; 3Leibniz-Institut fu
Wissenschaften -ISAS- e. V, Dortmund; 4Department of
Neurology; 5Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental
rzburg, Wu
rzburg, Germany;
Biomedicine, University of Wu
6
Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, University of
the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan; 7Walther-Straub-Institute for
Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians University,
Munich, Germany
Background: TRPM7 has been identified as a constitutively active cation channel which regulates Mg2+ and Ca2+ homeostasis in mammals.
The C-terminus of TRPM7 contains an a-type Ser/Thr kinase domain.
So far, only few substrates of TRPM7 kinase have been identified and
the physiological function of the kinase activity remains elusive.
Aims: We aimed to elucidate the signaling function of TRPM7 kinase
under normal and pathophysiological conditions.
Methods: A Trpm7KI mouse line was generated by introducing a point
mutation in the Trpm7 gene leading to the complete loss of the kinase
activity. Mutant platelets were analyzed using mass spectrometry, in vitro kinase assay, and a wide range of in vitro and in vivo functional
assays.
Results: Trpm7KI platelets display unaltered Mg2+ homeostasis. However, a markedly impaired IP3 production, and consequently reduced
Ca2+ mobilization upon stimulation of the ITAM-coupled collagen
receptor GPVI was observed in Trpm7KI platelets. Thapsigargin
induced store operated calcium entry (SOCE) was also altered in
Trpm7KI platelets. Consequently, degranulation, integrin activation
and aggregation responses to GPVI agonists were reduced. We investigated the phosphoproteome of GPVI-stimulated Trpm7KI platelets to
understand the molecular mechanism underlying these defects. Several
hypo-phosphorylated proteins of the GPVI-LAT signalosome (Lyn,
Syk, LAT, PLCc2) and the SOC complex (STIM1 and PKCe). were
identified. Furthermore, an in vitro kinase assay showed that TRPM7
kinase directly binds and phosphorylates Lyn, but not Syk. In line with
the phosphorylation defects, Trpm7KI mice were protected from arterial thrombosis and ischemic brain infarction.
Conclusion: These results establish the signaling function of TRPM7
kinase as a key regulator of ITAM-signal induced Ca2+ responses in
platelets, and highlight the role of TRPM7 kinase in the pathogenesis
of thrombosis and ischemic stroke.
AS069
Tyrosine phosphorylation of the itim-containing
receptor G6B-B is essential for platelet homeostasis
Geer M1, Heising S1, Tee L1, Gareus R2, Watson SP1,
Mazharian A1 and Senis YA1
1
Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; 2Taconic Biosciences, Cologne,
Germany
Background: The immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motif
(ITIM)-containing receptor G6b-B has been implicated as a critical
regulator of platelet homeostasis. Tyrosine phosphorylation of the
ITIM and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based switch motif (ITSM) in the
cytoplasmic tail of G6b-B provides a docking site for the tyrosine
phosphatases Shp1 and Shp2, which are thought to mediate downstream effects.
Aims: The aim of this study was to determine whether uncoupling of
G6b-B from Shp1 and Shp2 abrogates G6b-B function in vivo.
Methods: We generated a mouse model in which tyrosine residues
within the ITIM (Y212) and ITSM (Y238) of G6b-B were mutated to
phenylalanines. Mice homozygous for the mutated G6b gene, referred
to as G6b-B diY/F, were analysed for defects in platelet production
and function.
Results: G6b-B diY/F mice exhibited a 75% reduction in platelet count
and 38% increase in platelet volume, similar to that seen in G6b
knockout (KO) mice. Extramedullary haematopoiesis and myelofibrosis was observed in both mouse models between 8 and 12 weeks of
age. Platelet surface GPVI levels were similarly reduced by approximately 83% in both mouse models. In contrast, aIIbb3 and GPIba levels were increased by 106% and 36%, respectively, in G6b-B diY/F
mice, which was not seen in G6b KO mice. Interestingly, G6b-B was
up-regulated 175% in platelets from G6b-B diY/F mice, possibly as a
compensatory mechanism for reduced downstream signaling. Platelets
from these mice did not respond to the GPVI-specific agonist collagenrelated peptide, and showed an attenuated response to PAR-4 peptide.
Conclusion: Loss of tyrosine phosphorylation of the ITIM and ITSM
of G6b-B disrupts platelet homeostasis and recapitulates many of the
features of G6b KO mice. The lack of a complete phenocopy of the
two mouse models suggests residual signaling by G6b-B diY/F or the
presence of biologically active splice variants of G6b.
This work was funded by the British Heart Foundation and the Medical Research Council.
ABSTRACTS
AS070
RASA3 is a critical inhibitor of platelet activation and
the missing link in the P2Y12/RAP1 signaling pathway
Stefanini L1, Paul DS2, Robledo RF3, Getz TM2, Casari C2, Piatt R2,
Boulaftali Y2, Peters LL3 and Bergmeier W2
1
Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University
of Reading, Reading, UK; 2Department of Biochemistry and
Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; 3The
Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, USA
Background: The small-GTPase RAP1 is a crucial regulator of platelet
integrin activation and thrombus formation. RAP1 activity in platelets
is controlled by the guanine nucleotide exchange factor CalDAGGEFI and an unknown regulator operating downstream of the ADP
receptor, P2Y12, a target of antithrombotic therapy.
Aims: To evaluate the role of the GTPase-activating protein RASA3
in RAP1-dependent platelet activation and hemostasis.
Methods: Germline or megakaryocyte-specific deletion of Rasa3 in
mice led to embryonic/perinatal lethality. Thus, platelet functional
responses and the in vivo hemostatic response were examined in mice
with reduced expression of RASA3 due to a non-tolerated point mutation (H794L, Rasa3hlb).
Results: Reduced expression of RASA3 led to severe thrombocytopenia due to systemic activation and premature clearance of platelets
from circulation. The increased platelet turnover and the resulting
thrombocytopenia were reversed by concomitant deletion of the RAP1
activator CalDAG-GEFI. Upon stimulation, Rasa3 mutant platelets
were hyperresponsive to agonists both in vitro and in vivo. Impaired
RASA3 expression led to a state of genetically encoded P2Y12 signaling, where sustained activation of RAP1 and aIIbb3 integrin in stimulated platelets did not require ADP feedback and was insensitive to
P2Y12 or PI3-kinase inhibitors. Consistently, Rasa3 mutant platelets
formed very stable hemostatic plugs, even in the presence of the
P2Y12 inhibitor, clopidogrel bisulfate.
Conclusion: Our studies identify RASA3 as a critical inhibitor of platelet activation, and they suggest that RASA3 inactivation is the missing
molecular link between P2Y12 engagement and sustained RAP1 activation in platelets. Our findings may lead to improved diagnosis and
treatment of platelet-related disorders.
Mechanisms of ITP
AS071
T cells are critical players in the pathogenesis of
immune thrombocytopenia (ITP)
Semple J
Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Science, St. Michaels
Hospital, Toronto, Canada
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a bleeding disorder in which autoantibodies and/or cytotoxic T cells are directed against an individuals own platelets and/or megakaryocytes which leads to enhanced
peripheral platelet destruction and/or reduced bone marrow production, respectively. The cause of this disease is unknown and most of
the original research in ITP concentrated on characterization of antiplatelet autoantibodies. In the last 25 years, however, an explosive
body of literature has arisen to shed new light on the complex immunopathogenesis of ITP. It is associated with three interrelated areas of
autoimmunity pertaining to environmental e.g. infectious influences,
antigen presenting cell (APC) function and particularly, T cell abnormalities. It appears that the processes of apoptosis and deficiencies of
CD4+ T regulatory cells are central events that lead to tolerance
breakdown and induction of platelet autoimmunity. This lecture will
update our understanding of the T cell-mediated immunology of ITP
25
and will highlight recent literature which suggests that pro-inflammatory forces lead to an environment that significantly dysregulates autoreactive T cells leading to anti-platelet autoimmunity.
AS072
Altered plasma microrna levels in patients with
immune thrombocytopenic purpura
He Y1, Zuo B2, Zhao Y3 and Wu Q4
1
Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital,
Soochow University; 2Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow
University; 3Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated
Hospital, Soochow University; 4Jiangsu Institute of Hematology,
Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, the First Affiliated Hospital,
Soochow University, Suzhou, China
Background: Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is a common
bleeding disorder but the underlying disease mechanism remains
poorly understood. MicroRNAs (miRNA) are important molecules in
regulating gene expression. Altered miRNA expression has been implicated in a variety of human immune diseases.
Aims: The goal of this study is to test the hypothesis that plasma miRNA levels may be altered in patients with ITP.
Methods: Plasma samples from 10 adult ITP patients and 6 healthy
controls were used as a discovery set for miRNA profiling. RNAs were
extracted from plasma by miRNeasy mini kit (Qiagen) and analyzed
by Agilent miRNA microarray. miRNAs with altered expression levels
in samples from ITP patients compared with that in normal controls
were selected and oligonucleotide primers specific for these miRNAs
were made. Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to examine the
level of the selected miRNAs in an independent validation sample set
from 56 ITP patients and 52 healthy controls.
Results: In the discovery set of plasma samples, a total of 53 miRNAs
were found to have higher or lower expression levels (> 1.5 fold,
P < 0.05) in ITP patients compared with that in normal controls. In
the validation study, 3 miRNAs (miR-320c, miR-3667 and miR-4499)
and 4 miRNAs (miR-223-3p, miR-652-5p, miR-142-3p and Let-7b)
were confirmed to be up-regulated and down-regulated, respectively,
in ITP patients. Among them, plasma levels of miR-320c were found
to be negatively correlated with (r = 0.560, P < 0.001) blood platelet
counts in ITP patients, whereas plasma levels of miR-223-3p were positively correlated with (r = 0.753, P < 0.001) blood platelet counts in
ITP patients. Bioinformatic analysis suggested that miR-320c and
miR-223-3p may target genes in the PI3K-Akt and Toll-like receptor
signaling pathway, respectively.
Conclusion: Our results indicate that plasma levels of miR-320c and
miR-223-3p were altered in ITP patients, suggesting a potential mechanism of deregulated miRNA expression in the pathogenesis of ITP.
AS073
CD40L and its DNA methylation in primary immune
thrombocytopenia
Li H, zhang D and Yang R
State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of
Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of
Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin,
China
Background: The CD40-CD40L co-stimulatory pathway plays a pivotal role in inflammation. CD40L expression is higher in immune
thrombocytopenia (ITP) patients. However, the mechanism underly-
26
ABSTRACTS
ing this overexpression remains unknown. Recent evidence indicated

that DNA demethylation reactivates the silent X chromosome,
resulting in CD40L overexpression and further contribute to autoimmunity.
Aims: Explore the expression and methylation status of CD40L in
CD4+ T cells from ITP patients and analysis the effect of DNA demethylation on CD40L expression.
Methods: Fifty-six active ITP patients, 12 ITP patients in remission
and 30 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. The plasma
sCD40L level, CD40L protein and mRNA expression of the CD4+ T
cells were detected by ELISA, Flow cytometric and real time PCR
respectively. In addition, SEQUENOM method was performed to
determine the methylation status of CpG sites in the CD40L promoter
region from CD4+ T cells.
Results: (1) Active ITP patients had significantly elevated plasma
sCD40L levels than those of remission patients and controls (both
P < 0.05), but there is no difference between the female/maleITP
patients and gender-matched controls. (2) The CD4+ CD40L+ T
cells percentage and the CD40L mRNA expression in CD4+ T cells
were significantly elevated in female ITP patients compared with
female controls (P < 0.05), and they were also higher in active ITP
patients than those of patients in remission and controls (both
P < 0.05). (3) The average methylation degree of each CG pair and
methylation status of 71, 38, +78 and +110 CpG sites were higher
in female controls than in male controls, but there is no differences
revealed between female patients and female controls.
Conclusion: Abnormal expressed CD40L is involved in development of
ITP, and over-expressed CD40L may be one of the reasonable explanations for female susceptibility to ITP. In addition, CD40L overexpression in CD4+ T cells from female patients with ITP is not
associated with dysmethylation of CD40L promoter.
AS074
Cyclosporine enhances immunosuppressive functions
of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in immune
thrombocytopenia
Hou Y1, Xu M2, Feng Q1, Yu Y1, Liu X1, Hou M1 and Peng J1
1
Department of Hematology, Shandong University, Jinan, China;
2
Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Toronto,
Toronto, Canada
Background: Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP) remains the most common autoimmune bleeding disorder and cell-mediated platelet destruction is an important mechanism leading to thrombocytopenia.
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) is a heterogeneous group
of immature cells and natural inhibitors of adaptive immunity.
Aims: We evaluated the MDSCs population in patients with primary
ITP to demonstrate their role in the pathogenesis of ITP.
Methods: The phenotype as well as the expression of arginase-1 and
iNOS of MDSCs in peripheral blood and splenic frozen sections from
ITP patients or healthy controls were analyzed. Platelets co-cultured
with MDSC-primed CD8+ T lymphocytes were tested for apoptosis
using JC-1 mitochondrial membrane potential assay kit.
Results: Our data showed that the number of CD33+CD11b+HLADR MDSCs was lower in ITP patients; in these MDSCs, lower arginase-1 levels and higher iNOS levels were found. Cyclosporine
enhanced suppressive functions of MDSCs induced from human
PBMCs and splenocytes in a dose-dependent manner, exerting prominent inhibition of CD4+ T cell proliferation. Moreover, the expression
of IL-10 and TGF-b was up-regulated significantly in cyclosporinemodulated MDSCs compared with the unmodulated systems. After
cyclosporine modulation, MDSC-induced autologous T regulatory
cells Tr1 increased significantly. Lower apoptosis level was demonstrated in platelets co-cultured with MDSC-primed CTLs compared
with those co-cultured with unprimed CTLs. Furthermore, cyclosporine enhanced the control of MDSCs over CTL-mediated platelet lysis.
Conclusion: These findings indicated the immunosuppressive effect of
MDSCs in modulating T cell responses and cell-mediated platelet
destruction. In conclusion, impaired MDSCs may be involved in ITP.
Cyclosporine augmented suppressive activities of human MDSCs in vitro. Thus, targeting MDSCs may pave the way for further therapeutic
options for patients with ITP.
AS075
Elevated Sema5A in patients with immune
thrombocytopenia
Mingen L, yang L, Yating H, Tiantian S, wenjie L, Cuicui l,
Huiyuan L, Feng X, Xiaofan L, Lei Z and Renchi Y
Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of
Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, tianjin,
China
Background: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an immune-mediated
platelet disorder. Cytokine-mediated immunity and impaired cellular
immunity play an important role in the pathogenesis of ITP. A recent
study showed that Soluble Sema5A strongly increased T cell and NK
cell proliferation and induced the secretion of proinflammatoryTh1/
Th17 cytokines. The role of sema5A in the pathogenesis of immune
thrombocytopenia (ITP) remains unknown.
Aims: The aim of this study is to investigate the possible pathogenic
role of Sema5A and its mechanisms in ITP.
Methods: Plasma Sema5A, interferon (IFN)-c, IL-4, IL-17A were
measured in patients with active ITP, remission and healthy controls
by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Using real-time quantitative
polymerase chain reaction, the mRNA expression of sema5a, its receptor plexinb3, plexinA1 were studied in all subjects. Plasma Sema5a as
well as sema5a, plexinB3, plexinA1 mRNA expression was determined
in 9 ITP patients receiving Immune-Modulatory treatment.
Results: Significantly higher levels of plasma sema5a and plasma IFNc, lower level of IL-4 were detected in active ITP patients compared
with healthy controls or patients in remission. A positive correlation
between sema5a and plasma IFN-cwas found in ITP patients with
active disease. In addition, significantly lower plexinB3 mRNA expression was observed in active ITP patients compared with healthy controls or patients in remission. A negative correlation was found
between the level of plasma sema5a and plexinb3 mRNA expression
levels in active ITP patients. The level of plasma sema5a significantly
decreased in 9 patients after immune regulatory treatment, concurrently plexinB3 mRNA significantly increased.
Conclusion: This study is the first in which sema5A is shown to play a
role in the pathogenesis of ITP. These findings along with the observation of sema5A being increased in ITP patients suggest this regulatory
molecule as a therapeutic agent for ITP to be assessed in the future.
Tools for evaluation of bleeding

AS076
The clinical utility of bleeding scores
James P
Medicine, Queens University, Kingston, Canada
The accurate evaluation of hemorrhagic symptoms is a key component
in the diagnosis of mild bleeding disorders. Bleeding histories present
well-recognized challenges for both patients and physicians however,
ABSTRACTS
as significant symptoms may be overlooked because they are considered normal and minimal or trivial symptoms may be given undue
consideration. In response to these challenges, bleeding assessment
tools (BATs) have been developed and validated in an attempt to: (1)
standardize bleeding histories using a bleeding score, (2) improve diagnostic accuracy, (3) describe symptom severity, (4) predict the risk of
bleeding in a individual patient and (5) inform treatment. This work
has been pioneered by a group of Italian researchers, and the resultant
Vicenza Bleeding Questionnaire stands as the original BAT. In this
presentation, the modifications to the Vicenza Bleeding Questionnaire
that have taken place over the years will be discussed, as well as the
validation studies that have been published. Other BATs that have
been developed and published will be reviewed, as will the special situations of assessing pediatric bleeding as well as menorrhagia. To date,
BATs have been studied in a variety of clinical settings including primary and tertiary care clinics and in both pediatric and adult populations. Heterogeneity exists between studies and their results, although
there are commonalities, most notably the ability of BATs to distinguish normal and abnormal bleeding. Bleeding score saturation in
individuals with more severe bleeding remains a challenge, as does the
inflexibility of the current scoring systems to changes in bleeding patterns over time. Future directions for bleeding scores include the development of self-administered BATs to reduce burden on experts during
clinic and provide potential assistance to diagnosing unrecognised
individuals suffering from abnormal bleeding.
Disclosure of Interest: P. James Grant/Research Support from: CSL
Behring, Octapharma, Bayer.
AS077
Accuracy of three clinical prediction tools for major
bleeding in patients on extended oral anticoagulant for
venous thromboembolism
Wells P1,2,3, Fallah P3, Kovacs MJ4, Anderson D5, Kahn S6,
Shah V7, Kaatz S7, Kearon C8, Solymoss S9, Keeling D10, Zide R11
and Schulman S8Chagnon I12, Rodriguez R3, Corsi D3 and
Rodger M1,3
1
Department of Medicine; 2University of Ottawa; 3Ottawa
Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa; 4London Health Science
Centre, London; 5Capital Health, Halifax; 6Jwish General
Hospital, Montreal, Canada; 7Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, USA;
8
Hamilton Health Sciences Corporation, Hamilton; 9Montreal
General Hospital, Montreal, Canada; 10Oxford Radcliffe
Hospital, Headington, UK; 11Lahey Clinic, Burlington, USA;
12
Hopital du Sacre Coeure de Montreal, Montreal, Canada
Background: Tools exist to predict the risk of major bleeding in
patients on oral anticoagulation therapy (OAT) for venous thromboembolism (VTE) but these have focused on the higher risk, first
3 months of therapy (risk of major bleeding is 2.4% in the first
3 months, vs. 2% per year thereafter), and have not been developed or
evaluated for bleeding risk after the first 3 months of therapy
(extended OAT).
Aims: We sought to evaluate the rates of major bleeding predicted by
three previously published tools (outpatient bleeding risk index
[OBRI], RIETE, and HAS-BLED) in patients with VTE during
extended OAT.
Methods: The Bleeding Risk study is a multicentre, multinational prospective cohort study of patients on extended OAT for unprovoked
VTE, or provoked VTE with prior VTE. Patients were enrolled after
at least 3 months of OAT. All major bleeding events during long term
OAT were captured and adjudicated. Scores were assigned using the 3
tools to estimate the risk of major bleeding.
Results: To date, 2525 patients enrolled at 12 sites have contributed
7549 years of observation. 91 patients (3.6%) experienced at least one
27
episode of major bleeding. The proportion of patients classified as low

probability of bleeding by the OBRI, RIETE and HAS-BLED scores
were 51.0%, 49.9%, and 63.3%, with major bleeding rates of 0.75%,
0.53%, and 0.74% per year, respectively. The percentage of patients
who were classified as intermediate probability of bleeding were
47.8%, 49.7%, and 33.0% with major bleeding rates of 1.7%, 1.8%,
and 1.8% per year respectively. Only 1.2%, 0.4%, and 3.8% of
patients were classified as high risk of bleeding according to the three
tools and major bleeding rates were 2.8%, 7.2%, and 3.6%, respectively.
Conclusion: The three tools discriminate bleeding risk and accurately
predict that most VTE patients on extended OAT have a low risk of
major bleeding. However, they identify very few patients with a high
risk of major bleeding on extended OAT for VTE.
AS078
Utility of bleeding scores and a standardized
laboratory evaluation in identifying defects in primary
hemostasis in children referred to a tertiary-care
pediatric centre
Labarque V1, Blanchette VS2, Clark DS2, Stain AM2,
Wakefield CD2, Bouskill VN2, Brien WF2, Brandao LR2, Kahr WH2,
Carcao MD2 and Rand ML2
1
University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; 2Hospital for Sick
Children, Toronto, Canada
Background: Mucocutaneous bleeding occurs frequently during childhood but diagnosing defects in 1 hemostasis remains challenging.
Aims: To identify the spectrum of defects in 1 hemostasis in children
referred to a tertiary-care pediatric clinic because of mucocutaneous
bleeding symptoms and/or a family history of platelet dysfunction or
von Willebrand disease (VWD).
Methods: Prospective, standardized evaluation according to a diagnostic algorithm (Israels et al., Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011; 56: 975) that
includes determination of bleeding scores and repeat determinations of
platelet count, VW factor panel, and platelet aggregation and ATP
secretion testing. The study was approved by the local ethics committee and written informed consent was obtained.
Results: We investigated 116 children, 59% female, with a median age
of 11.0 years (range: 0.617.8 years). The median PBQ (Pediatric
Bleeding Questionnaire) score was 4 (range: 014) and the median
ISTH-BAT (Bleeding Assessment Tool) score was 3 (range: 013). The
PBQ score was normal (< 2) in 12 children; 36 had a normal ISTHBATscore (< 3).
Laboratory results were normal in 78 children. Platelet dysfunction
was diagnosed in 11 children, possible platelet dysfunction in 5, and 2
children had thrombocytopenia. VWD was diagnosed in 15 children, 1
of whom also had platelet dysfunction, and another, heterozygous factor (F) XI deficiency. In addition, 5 children were diagnosed with a
defect in 2 hemostasis: heterozygous FVII (n = 2) or FXI (n = 1) deficiency; hemophilia A carrier (n = 2).
A 1 hemostasis defect was found in 3/12 and 7/36 of the children with
normal PBQ and ISTH-BAT scores, respectively; 1 child with FVII
deficiency had normal PBQ and ISTH-BAT scores and 1 hemophilia
A carrier had a normal ISTH-BAT score only.
Conclusion: A standardized algorithmic approach allowed diagnosis of
a 1 hemostasis defect in 28% of children referred to a tertiary-care
pediatric clinic, with 91% of these children having a positive PBQ
score and 79%, a positive ISTH-BAT score.
28
ABSTRACTS
AS079
Assessing bleeding phenotype in children with
moderate or severe von Willebrand disease using the
ISTH-BAT and the relevance of pediatric-specific
bleeding symptoms
Sanders Y1, Fijnvandraat K2, Boender J1, Mauser-Bunschoten E3,
van der Bom J4,5, de Meris J6, Smiers F7, Granzen B8, Brons P9,
Tamminga R10, Cnossen M11, Leebeek F1 and on behalf of the
WiN Study Group
1
Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center,
Rotterdam; 2Department of Pediatric Hematology, Emma
Childrens Hospital, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam; 3Van
Creveldkliniek/Department of Hematology, University Medical
Center Utrecht, Utrecht; 4Department of Clinical Epidemiology,
Leiden University Medical Center; 5Jon J van Rood Center for
Clinical Transfusion Medicine, Sanquin Research, Leiden;
6
Netherlands Hemophilia Society, Badhoevedorp; 7Department
of Pediatric Hematology, Willem-Alexander Childrens hospital,
Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden; 8Department of
Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital
Maastricht, Maastricht; 9Department of Pediatric Hematology,
Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen; 10Department of
Pediatric Hematology, University Medical Center Groningen,
Groningen; 11Department of Pediatric Hematology, Erasmus
University Medical Center Sophia Childrens Hospital,
Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Background: The bleeding phenotype of von Willebrand disease
(VWD) in children may differ from that in adults, and data in children
is limited. The value of the ISTH bleeding assessment tool (ISTHBAT) has only been demonstrated in children with mild VWD. This is
the first study to evaluate the ISTH-BAT in a large cohort of children
with moderate and severe VWD.
Aims: To assess the bleeding phenotype and to evaluate the ISTHBAT in a large cohort of children with moderate and severe VWD.
Methods: Of 140 children aged 016 at inclusion in the nation-wide
cross-sectional Willebrand in the Netherlands (WIN) study with
VWF antigen and/or activity levels 30 IU dL1, 133 with type 1
(n = 60), 2 (n = 44) and 3 (n = 9) VWD were available for this study.
Bleeding severity was determined using the ISTH-BAT with extra
pediatric-specific bleeding symptoms (bleeding after vaccination, heel
prick test, fetal scalp electrode and excessive bruising after birth)
administered by a trained physician (YS). Medical Ethics Committee
approval and informed consent were obtained.
Results: All post-menarche girls suffered from menorrhagia (26/26).
Other frequently occurring bleedings were cutaneous bleeding (81%),
oropharyngeal bleeding (64%), prolonged bleeding from minor
wounds (58%) and epistaxis (56%). Pediatric-specific bleeding symptoms had been experienced by 44% of the patients, occurring in 48%
of type 1, 32% of type 2, and 78% of type 3 patients. ISTH-BAT score
was higher in type 3 VWD than in type 2 or 1 (17 vs. 10.5 vs. 6.5,
P < 0.001) and higher in children with severe VWD (VWF levels
< 10 IU dL1) vs. moderate VWD (VWF levels 1030 IU dL1; 11
vs. 7, P < 0.001) and higher in index cases than in affected family
members (12 vs. 6.5, P < 0.001).
Conclusion: The ISTH-BAT score is associated with type and severity
of VWD and can be used in the evaluation of children with suspected
VWD. In our cohort of children with moderate and severe VWD,
almost half suffered from pediatric-specific bleeding symptoms, underlining the relevance of these data.
Disclosure of Interest: Y. Sanders Paid Instructor at: educational activities of Baxter, K. Fijnvandraat Grant/Research Support from: Unrestricted researchgrants from CSL Behring and Bayer, Employee of:
Member of the European Hemophilia Treatment and Standardisation
Board sponsored by Baxter, J. Boender: None Declared, E. MauserBunschoten Grant/Research Support from: received research/educa-
tional support from CSL Behring, Bayer, Baxter, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, Biovitrum, Sanquin and Griffols, J. van der Bom Grant/Research
Support from: unrestricted research/educational funding for various
projects from the following companies: Bayer Schering Pharma, Baxter, CSL Behring, Novo Nordisk and Pfizer, Consultant for: Baxter
and Pfizer, Paid Instructor at: educational activities of Bayer Schering
Pharma, J. de Meris: None Declared, F. Smiers: None Declared, B.
Granzen: None Declared, P. Brons: None Declared, R. Tamminga
Grant/Research Support from: unrestricted research/educational
funding for various projects from the following companies: Bayer
Schering Pharma, Baxter and Pfizer, M. Cnossen Grant/Research Support from: unrestricted research/educational funding for various projects from the following companies: Bayer Schering Pharma, Baxter,
Novo Nordisk, Pfizer and Novartis, F. Leebeek Grant/Research Support from: research support from the Dutch Hemophilia Foundation
(Stichting Hemophilia) and CSL Behring (unrestricted grant) for performing the WiN-study, Consultant for: advisory boards of CSL Behring and Baxter in the past.
Cancer and Thrombosis Clinical

AS080
Controversies in cancer-associated thrombosis
Carrier M
Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
Thromboembolism is the second most common cause of death and
dramatically worsens cancer prognosis. Parenteral anticoagulation
using low-molecular-weight-heparin is the current preferred management option for patients with acute cancer-associated thrombosis.
Recently, the introduction of the direct oral anticoagulants has
expanded the different therapeutic options for the management of
venous thromboembolism but their efficacy and safety in cancer
patients remains uncertain. The length of anticoagulation for patient
with cancer-associated is also controversial and the acceptability of
long-term treatment, especially with parenteral agents, needs put in
the contexts of living with cancer and quality of life. Furthermore, the
management of cancer-associated thrombosis is complex and clinicians
are frequently confronted to complications including recurrent venous
thromboembolism despite anticoagulation, thrombocytopenia, incidental thrombosis, etc. Unfortunately, there is a paucity data on how
to manage these important clinical challenges and clinicians often have
to rely on expert opinions. The aim of the presentation is to review
these controversies and help clinicians to tailor their management of
cancer-associated thrombosis based on patients characteristics, preferences and complications.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Carrier Grant/Research Support from: LEO
Pharma, BMS, Speaker Bureau of: Sanofi, Pfizer, Bayer, BI.
ABSTRACTS
29
AS081
Tissue factor (TF) as predictor of recurrent venous
thromboembolism (VTE): risk factor and biomarker
analysis from the catch trial of treatment of cancerassociated VTE with tinzaparin or warfarin
AS082
Extensive screening based on 18F-FDG PET/CT for
occult malignant disease in unprovoked venous
thromboembolism: a prospective randomized clinical
trial
Khorana AA1, Kamphuisen PW2, Meyer G3, Bauersachs R4,

Janas MS5, Jarner MF5, Lee AYY6 and on behalf of the CATCH
Investigators
1
Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation,
Cleveland, USA; 2Department of Vascular Medicine, University
Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands;
3
Respiratory Unit, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris,
France; 4Department of Vascular Medicine, Darmstadt Hospital,
Darmstadt, Germany; 5LEO Pharma, Ballerup, Denmark;
6
Division of Hematology, University of British Columbia and
Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver, Canada
Robin P1, Roux P-YL1, Sanchez O2, Accassat S3, Roy P-M4,
Couturaud F5, Ghazzar N6, Prevot N7, Couturier O8, Delluc A5,
Meyer G2, Tardy B9, Gal GL5 and Salaun P-Y1
1
Service de M
edecine Nucl
eaire, EA 3878 (GETBO) IFR 148,
Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Brest, Universit
e de Bretagne
Occidentale, Brest; 2Service de Pneumologie, INSERM UMR S
^pital Europ
970, Ho
een Georges Pompidou, AP-HP; Universit
e
edecine
Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cit
e, Paris; 3Service de M
et Th
erapeutique, Unit
e de Pharmacologie Clinique, EA3065,
Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Saint-Etienne, Universit
e Jean
epartement de m
edecine durgences,
Monnet, Saint-Etienne; 4D
epartement
Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire dAngers, Angers; 5D
de M
edecine Interne et Pneumologie, EA 3878, CIC INSERM
1412, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Brest, Universite de
edecine Nucleaire,
Bretagne Occidentale, Brest; 6Service de M
^pital Europ
Ho
een Georges Pompidou, AP-HP; Universit
e Paris
edecine
Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cit
e, Paris; 7Service de M
Nucl
eaire, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Saint-Etienne,
edecine
Universit
e Jean Monnet, Saint-Etienne; 8Service de M
Nucl
eaire, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire dAngers, Universit
e
eanimation
dAngers, Angers; 9Service des Urgences et de R
M
edicale, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Saint-Etienne,
Universit
e Jean Monnet, Saint-Etienne, France
Background: Predictors of recurrent VTE (rVTE), unlike primary

VTE, in patients with malignancy are incompletely understood. The
recently completed CATCH trial collected baseline blood samples to
evaluate selected biomarkers as predictors of rVTE.
Aims: We evaluated the association of TF, FVIII, D-dimer, sP-selectin
and C-reactive protein (CRP) measured at time of initial VTE diagnosis with subsequent VTE.
Methods: The CATCH study was a randomized, multicenter trial
(NCT01130025) of 900 patients comparing tinzaparin 175 IU kg1
once daily or dose-adjusted warfarin for 6 months in patients with
cancer and acute, symptomatic VTE. Assays included TF ELISA and
sP-selectin (R&D Systems), D-dimer (Roche), FVIII and CRP (Siemens). A Fishers exact test was used to screen for association with
rVTE; competing risk regression analysis was then conducted accounting for multiple variables.
Results: Study population comprised up to 805 patients with available
biospecimens; 72 developed rVTE. Mean and median TF levels were
72.5 and 50.3 pg mL1 (range, 15.64798 pg mL1). VTE recurred
most in highest quartile of TF (> 64.6 pg mL1; n = 38/203, 19% vs.
n = 34/599, 6%; relative risk [RR] 3.3; 95% confidence interval [CI]
2.15.1; P < 0.0001). Elevated CRP (> 75 mg L1) was also associated with rVTE (n = 482; RR 2.3; 95% CI 1.34.2; P = 0.007) and a
non-significant trend was observed with elevated D-dimer
(> 5800 lg L1 FEU; n = 780; RR 1.6; 95% CI 1.02.5; P = 0.08).
sP-selectin and FVIII were not significantly associated. In competing
risk regression analysis, adjusting for treatment assignment, region,
history of VTE and metastatic disease, TF continued to be strongly
associated with risk of rVTE (adjusted hazard ratio 3.4; 95% CI 2.1
5.5; P < 0.001).
Conclusion: This is the first report to suggest that TF is a clinically significant biomarker predictive for rVTE in malignancy. A biomarkerbased strategy could help identify high-risk patients benefiting from
longer or more intense anticoagulation strategies.
Disclosure of Interest: A. A. Khorana Grant/Research Support from:
LEO Pharma, Consultant for: Sanofi; LEO Pharma; AngioDynamics;
Daiichi Sankyo; Genentech; Johnson & Johnson, P. W. Kamphuisen
Grant/Research Support from: LEO Pharma; Pfizer; Boehringer Ingelheim, Consultant for: LEO Pharma, G. Meyer Grant/Research Support from: Bayer; Boehringer Ingelheim; LEO Pharma; SanofiAventis, R. Bauersachs: None Declared, M. S. Janas Employee of:
LEO Pharma, M. F. Jarner Employee of: LEO Pharma, A. Y. Lee
Grant/Research Support from: Bristol-Myers Squibb, Consultant for:
Bayer; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Pfizer: LEO Pharma; Daiicho Sankyo;
Boehringer Ingelheim; Sanofi, Aviva.
Background: The association between venous thromboembolism

(VTE) and cancer has been widely described. Approximately 10% of
patients with unprovoked VTE will be diagnosed with cancer after
1 year. However, clear diagnostic work-up guidelines are not yet available. FDG PET/CT could serve as a comprehensive screening strategy
for occult malignancy in patients with unprovoked VTE.
Aims: To compare an extensive screening strategy based on FDG
PET/CT with a basic screening for detection of malignancies in
patients with unprovoked VTE.
Methods: Patients with unprovoked VTE were included in a multicenter clinical trial, and randomized to either a basic screening strategy
(physical examination, usual laboratory tests and basic X-Rays) or an
extensive screening that consisted of the basic strategy plus a FDG
PET/CT. The primary outcome was the rate of cancer diagnosed in
each arm at inclusion. Patients were followed up during 2 years.
Results: A total of 399 patients were included, but 5 patients later withdrew their consent. Of the 394 patients, 197 were allocated in each
arm. In intention-to-treat analysis, cancer was diagnosed in 11/197
patients (5.6%) in FDG PET/CT strategy group vs. 4/197 patients
(2%) in standard strategy group, absolute risk difference 3.6% (95%
CI 0.4% to +7.9%; P = 0.07). 26 patients did not received allocated
intervention, 25 in FDG PET/CT group. In per protocol analysis, cancer was diagnosed in 9/172 patients in the FDG PET/CT group vs. 3/
196 in standard strategy group (P = 0.046). The risk of subsequent
cancer diagnosis over the 24 months follow-up period was 1/186
(0.5%) in the FDG PET/CT group, vs. 9/193 (4.7%) in the basic
screening group, absolute risk difference 4.1% (95% CI 0.88.4;
P = 0.01).
Conclusion: The use of FDG PET/CT was associated with a non-significant increase in the rate of cancer diagnosis at the time of unprovoked VTE. The risk of subsequent cancer diagnosis was significantly
lower in patients after a negative screening strategy that included a
FDG PET/CT
(NCT00964275).
30
ABSTRACTS
AS083
Impact of initial cancer stage on the risk of venous
thromboembolism: the Scandinavian Thrombosis and
Cancer (STAC) Study
Gade IL1, Brkkan SK2,3, Nss IA4, Hansen J-B2,3, Rosendaal FR5,
Cannegieter SC5, Overvad K6,7, Jensvoll H2,3, Hammerstrm J8,
Blix K2,3, Tjnneland A9, Kristensen SR10,11 and Severinsen MT1,11
1
Department of Hematology, Aalborg University Hospital,
Aalborg, Denmark; 2K.G. Jebsen Thrombosis Research and
Expertice Centre (TREC), Department of Clilnical Medicine, UIT
The Arctic University of Norway; 3Division of Internal Medicine,
University Hospital of North Norway, Troms; 4Department of
Hematology, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim,
Norway; 5Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden
University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands;
6
Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus;
7
Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital,
Aalborg, Denmark; 8Department of Cancer Research and
Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and
Technology, Trondheim, Norway; 9Diet, Genes and Environment,
Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen; 10Clinical Biochemistry,
Aalborg University Hospital; 11Department of Clilnical Medicine,
Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
Background: Cancer patients, who develop venous thromboembolism
(VTE) have reduced survival compared to those who do not develop
VTE. Recent studies indicate that initial cancer stage was strongly
associated with development of VTE. The impact of cancer stage on
risk of VTE has not yet been addressed in large population based
cohort studies.
Aims: To investigate the association between VTE and cancer stages in
specific types of cancers in a prospective cohort study, the Scandinavian Thrombosis and Cancer (STAC) study.
Methods: The STAC Study includes 144,952 participants from three
prospective population based cohort studies, i.e. the Troms Study,
the HUNT2 Study, and the Diet, Cancer and Health Study. The participants were enrolled during 19931997 and the mean follow-up time
was 10 years. First time objectively confirmed VTE events during follow-up have been identified in prior studies. For this study we collected data on cancer diseases and stages of the cancers from the
national cancer registries. We used Cox regression models to estimate
the relative risk of VTE in cancer patients at different stages. Age was
used as time axis to prevent confounding by age.
Results: Excluding participants with a VTE event more than 1 year
before a cancer diagnosis left 19,955 participants with a cancer diagnosis for follow-up. Of these 1887 were lung cancer, 2807 were colo-rectal
cancer, 3170 were breast cancer, and 3166 were prostate cancer
patients. Regional spread of cancer was associated with a 23 times
higher risk of VTE in lung and colo-rectal cancer but was not associated with a higher risk in breast and prostate cancer. Distant metastasis was associated with 27 times higher risk compared with localized
cancer.
Conclusion: Our findings show the general tendency that advanced
cancer stage is associated with higher risk of VTE but the risk estimates for regional and distant spread differed substantially for different types of cancer.
AS084
Risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism in patients
with active cancer
Cohen A1, Rietbrock S2, Katholing A2 and Martinez C2
1
Department of Haematological Medicine, Guys and St Thomas
Hospital, London, UK; 2Institute for Epidemiology, Statistics and
Informatics GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany
Background: Population studies on the risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with of a first cancer-associated VTE
are limited. Recurrence rates are increased but there are no published
data describing the incidence rates (IR) for recurrent VTE over time
since the first VTE.
Aims: N/A.
Methods: A population based observational cohort study was undertaken to estimate the incidence of recurrent VTE in patientswith a first
active cancer-related VTE. The source population consisted of all
patients in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink, with additional linked information on hospitalisations and cause of death. All
first and recurrent VTE events between 2001 and 2011 were identified
using validated algorithms. VTE events were defined as cancer-related
if a clinical diagnosis or therapy for cancer was recorded in the 90 days
before or after the VTE. Patients were followed up for their risk of
recurrent VTE.
Results: There were 6592 active cancer-associated first VTE, 3055
(46.3%) deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and 3537 (53.7%) pulmonary
embolism (PE). In a total of 6175 person years (PY) of observation
after the first VTE 591 recurrent VTEs were observed (48.4% DVT
and 51.6% PE). The IR of VTE recurrence was 9.6 per 100 PY, 8.8 per
100 PY after initial DVT and 10.5 per 100 PY after PE. The IR peaked
at 22.6 per 100 PY in the first 6 months, fell to 8.6 between 6 and
12 months and further decreased over the next 5 years.
Conclusion: VTE in patients with active cancer is common and associated with high recurrence rates. Efforts are needed to prevent VTE
and to reduce recurrences, especially in the first year following VTE
diagnosis.
Disclosure of Interest: A. Cohen Consultant for: Bayer, Boheringer-Ingelheim, BMS, Daiichi, GSK, Johnson and Johnson, Mitsubishi
Pharma, Pfizer, Portola, Sanofi, Schering Plough, Takeda, XO1, UK
Government Health Select Committee, the Department of Health, the
NHS, Lifeblood and the Coalition to Prevent Venous Thromboembolism, S. Rietbrock Grant/Research Support from: IfESI has received
grants for investigator-initiated studies from Bayer Pharma AG,
BMS-Pfizer and CSL Behring., A. Katholing Grant/Research Support
from: IfESI has received grants for investigator-initiated studies from
Bayer Pharma AG, BMS-Pfizer and CSL Behring., C. Martinez
Grant/Research Support from: IfESI has received grants for investigator-initiated studies from Bayer Pharma AG, BMS-Pfizer and CSL
Behring., Consultant for: Bayer Pharma AG and Boehringer Ingelheim.
Vascular Progenitor Cells and

Vascular Disease
AS085
Endothelial progenitors cells: from pathophysiology to
emergent therapy of vascular disorders
Dignat-George F and Sabatier F
Vascular Research Center of Marseille, UMR1076 INSERM,
Faculty of Pharmacy, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
Dysfunction of endothelium is a primary determinant of cardiovascular diseases, namely atherosclerosis and its ischemic complications.
However, poor accessibility to patient specific endothelium is an
ABSTRACTS
important limitation for studying the endothelial alterations and
designing potential targeted therapies. In the last 10 years, endothelial
precursors have been identified among circulating blood cells and
shown to be key effectors able to replace damaged endothelial cells
and to contribute to de novo vessel growth. Due to their clonogenic
proliferative potential, these precursors can used to generate in vitro a
typical progeny of phenotypically and functionally competent endothelial cells. We previously used the ECFC model to investigate the
molecular mechanisms that may link prematurity or low birth weight
(LBW) to early vascular dysfunction and enhanced cardiovascular
risk. We reported a significant reduction of the vasculogenic properties
of ECFC isolated from cord blood of preterm and LBW neonates,
resulting from a thrombospondin 1-dependent angiostatic phenotype.
In addition a SIRT1 deficiency drives an accelerated senescence in
LBW-ECFC that acts as a critical determinant in impairment of endothelial repair capacity. More recent data evidenced that SIRT1 deficiency in LBW-ECFC activates p38 MAPK-dependent signaling
pathways that result in increased release of extracellular vesicles. The
senescence-induced microparticles take part of a proinflammatory secretome and are able to transfer senescence phenotype into naive endothelial cells. Interestingly, resveratrol treatment was shown to reverse
ECFC defects laying new grounds for a pharmacological control of
early programmed vascular risk. These data show that ECFC now
provide relevant resources for probing endothelial alterations but also
to develop cell based vascular therapy, in the context of specific
patientsgenetic and environmental backgrounds.
AS086
CD34+ hematopoietic stem cell count is predictive for
vascular event occurrence in sickle cell disease children
Kossorotoff M1, de Montalembert M2, Lasne D3, Brousse V2,
Curis E4, Smadja DM5, Lacroix R6, Bertil S7, Desguerre I8,
Bonnet D9 and Gaussem P5
1
^pital Necker-Enfants Malades, UMRNeuropediatrie,APHP Ho
S1140, Universite Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cit
e; 2Pediatric
^
Sickle Cell Clinic, APHP Hopital Necker-Enfants Malades;
3
^pital Necker-Enfants Malades;
Hematology, APHP Ho
4
Laboratoire de biomath
ematiques, Facult
e de Pharmacie,
Universite Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cit
e; 5Hematology,
APHP, Hopital Europeen Georges Pompidou, UMR-S1140,
e, Paris; 6Inserm
UMR-S1076, UFR de Pharmacie, Aix Marseille Universit
e,
Marseille; 7Hematology,APHP, Hopital Europeen Georges
^pital Necker-Enfants
Pompidou; 8Neuropediatrie, APHP Ho
^pital Necker-Enfants Malades,
Malades; 9Cardiologie, APHP Ho
e, Paris, France
Background: Identifying sickle cell disease (SCD) children at neurovascular risk is currently well assessed by transcranial doppler screening.
However, peripheral vascular risk remains difficult to evaluate and
there is a need for relevant predictive biomarkers.
Aims: In SCD children explored at steady-state, our aim was to highlight a predictive biomarker for the occurrence of further vascular
events.
Methods: SCD children aged 318 years old were consecutively
included at steady state. Controls matched for age and ethnicity were
recruited. Hematology, coagulation, hemolysis, endothelial and vascular parameters were recorded at inclusion. Circulating endothelial cells
(CEC) count used immunomagnetic separation. CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells were enumerated (cells mL1) by flow cytometry. Neurovascular and peripheral events were prospectively recorded during
the follow-up period, which continued 18 months after the last inclu-
31
sion. The local institutional ethical review committee approved the

study protocol.
Results: We enrolled 108 SCD patients at steady state (sex ratio 0.61,
mean age 9.9 years). Compared to controls, SCD patients at steadystate displayed elevated markers of hemolysis and platelet activation,
significant higher leukocyte, CD34+ and microparticle counts, and a
pro-coagulant profile. Patients did not differ from controls in terms of
CEC or nucleosome level. Thirty-six patients had at least one neurovascular (n = 12) or peripheral vascular event (n = 25) during a mean
follow-up of 27 months. In a multivariate model, higher CD34+ cell
count was the best predictor for the occurrence of a vascular complication (OR 1.2 for 1000 cell mL1 increase, 95% CI [1.0491.4],
P = 0.013, sensitivity 53%, specificity 84% for a threshold of
8675 cells mL1). No hemolysis or coagulation parameter was predictive of vascular event occurrence after multiplicity correction.
Conclusion: CD34+ cell count is a promising biomarker of further vascular event occurrence in SCD children at steady-state.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Kossorotoff: None Declared, M. de Montalembert Speaker Bureau of: Novartis, D. Lasne: None Declared, V.
Brousse: None Declared, E. Curis: None Declared, D. Smadja: None
Declared, R. Lacroix: None Declared, S. Bertil: None Declared, I.
Desguerre: None Declared, D. Bonnet: None Declared, P. Gaussem:
None declared.
AS087
Treprostinil indirectly regulates endothelial colony
forming cell angiogenic properties by increasing VEGFA produced by mesenchymal stem cells
Smadja D1, Levy M2, Huang L3, Rossi E4, Israel-Biet D5,
Gaussem P6 and Bischoff J3
1
Hematology, Paris Descartes University; 2Cardiology, Necker
Hospital, Paris, France; 3Vascular Biology Department, Harvard
Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; 4Hematology, Paris Descartes
University; 5Pneumology; 6Hematology, HEGP, Paris, France
Background: Pulmonary vasodilators and prostacyclin therapy in particular, have markedly improved the outcome of patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH). Endothelial dysfunction is a key feature of
PH, and we previously reported that treprostinil therapy increases
number and proliferative potential of endothelial colony forming cells
(ECFC) isolated from PH patients blood.
Aims: In the present study, objectives were to determine how treprostinil contributes to the proangiogenic functions of ECFC.
Methods: We examined the effect of treprostinil on ECFC obtained
from cord blood in terms of colony numbers, proliferative and clonogenic properties in vitro, as well as in vivo vasculogenic properties.
Results: Surprisingly, treprostinil inhibited viability of cultured ECFC
but did not modify their clonogenic properties nor their endothelial
differentiation potential from cord blood stem cells. Treprostinil treatment significantly increased the vessel-forming ability of ECFC combined with mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in Matrigel implanted in
nude mice. In vitro, ECFC proliferation was stimulated by conditioned
media from treprostinil-pretreated MSC, and this effect was inhibited
either by the use of VEGF-A blocking antibodies or siRNA VEGF-A
in MSC. Silencing VEGF-A gene in MSC also blocked the pro-angiogenic effect of treprostinil in vivo. The clinical relevance of these data
was confirmed by the high level of VEGF-A detected in plasma from
patients with pediatric pulmonary hypertension who had been treated
with treprostinil.
Conclusion: In conclusion, increased VEGF-A produced by MSC can
account for the increased vessel formation observed during treprostinil
treatment. Moreover, our results suggest that VEGF-A level in
patients could be a surrogate biomarker of treprostinil efficacy.
32
ABSTRACTS
AS088
Induced pluripotent stem cell (IPSC) based strategy to
correct the bleeding phenotype in hemophilia A
Talmon M1, Olgasi C1, Merlin S1, Ranaldo G1, Lombardo A2,
Colangelo D1, Berta GN3, Naldini L2, Raya A4, Valeri F5,
Schinco P5, Messina M6 and Follenzi A1
1
Healt Sciences, Universit
a Del Piemonte Orientale, NOVARA;
2
Tiget, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan; 3Azienda Osp/Univ San
Luigi Gonzaga, Orbassano, Italy; 4Institution for Bioengineering
of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain; 5Az. Osp/UnivS.Giovanni
Battista-Molinette; 6Az. Osp. Regina Margherita, Turin, Italy
Background: Hemophilia A (HA) is a bleeding disorder caused by factor (F) VIII gene mutations. Somatic cells can be reprogrammed to
generate autologous, disease-free iPSCs, and differentiated into cell
types relevant for gene and cell therapy.
Aims: HA treatment strategy approach generating patient-specific iPSCs from peripheral blood cells differentiating them into endothelial
cells (ECs) secreting FVIII.
Methods: Mononuclear and CD34+ cells were isolated from healthy
and HA donors and reprogrammed with a Cre-LoxLentivector (LVOCT4-SOX2-KLF4). iPSCs were characterized by Alkaline Phosphatase, immunofluorescence (IF),telomeres length, RT-PCR for stem cell
markers and methylation of Nanog-promoter. On embryoid bodies,
germ layers markers expression and differentiation potential were
assessed. iPSCs were differentiated in ECs and markers expression was
evaluated by FACS and RT-PCR. ECs were transduced with LV carrying GFP under the control of EC-specific promoters and transplanted in monocrotaline-conditioned NSG mice. ECsliver
engraftment was analyzed by GFP-staining. HA-ECs cells were corrected using the same LV with GFP replaced by FVIII and injected
in vivo.
Results: Reprogrammed cells gave rise to bona fide iPSCs colonies.
Telomeres length increased in iPSCs and decreased in iPSCs-derivedECs. No abnormalities were detected at karyotype analysis. ECs
expressed EC-markers and formed tubules when cultured in matrigel.
RT-PCR and IF on HA-ECs showed hBDD-FVIII expression, confirming genetic correction by LV. Transplanted GFP+ EC were
detected by IF on liver sections up to 6 weeks post transplantation.
Therapeutic correction was reached in a short term experiment (up to
1w) after ECs injection in the peritoneum of NSG-HA mice.
Conclusion: These data will be instrumental to assess engraftment, proliferation and FVIII expression from differentiated, gene corrected
and reprogrammed factor-free iPSCs to confirm the suitability of this
approach for HA gene-cell-therapy.
Vessel wall in health and disease

annexins
AS089
Annexin A2 in health and disease
Hajjar K
Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
Annexin A2 (A2) is a multicompartmental, multifunctional protein
that orchestrates a growing spectrum of physiologic and pathophysiologic processes related to its calcium-sensing, phospholipid-binding
function. At the endothelial cell surface, annexin A2 and S100A10
form the heterotetrameric (A2p11)2 complex, which binds both plasminogen and tissue plasminogen activator, thereby accelerating activation of the fibrinolytic protease, plasmin. Annexin A2-deficient mice
display microvascular fibrin accumulation, have a prothrombotic
response to vascular injury, and show defective postnatal angiogenesis.
In humans with antiphospholipid syndrome, high titer anti-A2 antibodies are associated with clinical thrombosis, and anti-A2 antibodies
have also been found in a cohort of subjects with cerebral venous
thrombosis. Over-expression of annexin A2 occurs in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) blasts, and appears to contribute to the bleeding
diathesis of APL. Interestingly, expression of annexin A2 is upregulated under hypoxic conditions, and Anxa2/ mice are resistant to
hypoxia-induced retinal neovascularization, a system that mimics
some aspects of diabetic retinopathy. In a model of aseptic wear debris-mediated arthritis, intracellular annexin A2 maintains late lysosomal membrane integrity, thereby modulating inflammasome
assembly and activation, and enabling subsequent cytokine secretion.
Similarly, in a model of inflammatory bowel disease, annexin A2 modulates the innate inflammatory response of macrophages by promoting
lysosomal membrane integrity and preventing release of lysosomal hydrolases into the cytoplasm. Together, these findings suggest emerging,
multifaceted roles for annexin A2 in hemostasis, angiogenesis, and the
innate inflammatory response.
AS090
The endothelial cell transcriptome is highly
heterogeneous across different vascular beds
Cleuren A1,2, Jiang H3, Hunker K4 and Yee A2Ganesh S4,5 and
Ginsburg D1,2,5
1
Howard Hughes Medical Institute; 2Life Sciences Institute;
3
Department of Biostatistics; 4Department of Internal Medicine;
5
Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann
Arbor, USA
Background: Endothelial cells (ECs) display remarkable structural and
functional heterogeneity. Although a number of EC specific genes
have been identified, data on the overall EC transcriptome is limited,
mainly because of difficulties isolating ECs from complex tissues and
the phenotypic drift associated with manipulation and expansion of
ECs in vitro/ex vivo.
Aims: To characterize the EC transcriptome in vivo using an unbiased
genome-wide approach.
Methods: We applied an in vivo system in which a conditional hemagglutinin-epitope tag is targeted into the mouse ribosomal protein
Rpl22 locus and activated specifically in ECs to immunoprecipitate
ribosome-associated mRNA. Using this method, we previously demonstrated that F8 mRNA expression is restricted to ECs (Everett et al.
Blood 2014). We now extend this analysis to characterize EC mRNA
isolated from brain, heart, kidney, liver and lung by high-througput
RNASequencing (RNASeq). In addition, we analyzed Rpl22 tagged
and untagged mRNA isoforms to calculate the size of the EC fraction
in each of these tissues.
Results: Rpl22 isoform analysis demonstrated that ECs comprise variable fractions in tissues, ranging from 3% (liver) to 23% (lung). RNASeq analysis identified a set of pan-endothelial genes, including both
established markers as well as genes previously not associated with
ECs. Additionally, each tissue exhbited a set of vascular bed-specific
EC transcripts, which was most prominent in brain. A high degree of
correlation was observed between quantitation by qPCR and RNASeq
(r = 0.90), and confirmed the presence of established pan-EC markers
such as Cdh5, Tek, Vcam1 and Vwf.
Conclusion: ECs among different vascular beds are highly heterogeneous in their expression programs. These differences likely identify a
range of specific transcripts unique to each distinct tissue and lay the
foundation for future studies exploring changes in the endothelium
under physiologic and pathologic conditions.
ABSTRACTS
AS091
A class of biased PAR1 agonists that stimulate
cytoprotective signaling in endothelial cells
Aisiku OR1, Peters CG1, Ceunyck KD1, Fitch-Tewfik J2, Dilks JR2,
Fustulo-Gunnink SF2, Dockendorff C1 and Flaumenhaft R1
1
Medicine; 2Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, USA
Background: Stimulation of endothelial PAR1 by activated protein C
(APC) triggers a cytoprotective pathway that protects from inflammation-induced apoptosis and barrier dysfunction. APC was used to treat
sepsis. However, its anticoagulant properties limited the concentrations that could be administered, diminishing its utility. We have discovered a group of small molecules termed parmodulins (PMs) that
act at the cytosolic face of PAR1 and affect some downstream signaling pathways, but not others.
Aims: To determine whether PMs activate a cytoprotective signaling
pathway in endothelium.
Methods: Effects of PMs on endothelial signaling were evaluated in vitro and in vivo.
Results: Incubation with PMs protected endothelial cells against
TNFa-induced apoptosis. Knockdown of PAR1 confirmed that the
protective effect of PMs was mediated by PAR1. Evaluation of downstream signaling showed that PMs induced activation of Rac1. Rac1
activation can block TNFa-induced stimulation of NFkB. Consistent
with such inhibition, PM exposure blocked TNFa-induced, NFkBmediated transcriptional activation as detected using a GFP reporter
construct. Transcript profiling showed that PM2 exposure resulted in
upregulation of 26 genes, including stanniocalcin-1 (SCT1), a protein
invoked in endothelial cytoprotection. Exposure of HUVECs to PMs
increased expression of SCT1 mRNA and protein. SCT1 knockdown
reversed the protective effect of PM2 against TNFa-induced apoptosis. Infusion of PM2 into mice resulted in increased expression of
SCT1 in endothelial cells as detected in aortic slices. PM2 infusion also
decreased surgery-induced leukocyte rolling on mouse venules to 41%
of control (P < 0.03). PM2 infusion did not affect bleeding times.
Conclusion: PMs are the first compounds identified to activate a cytoprotective program in endothelial cells through PAR1. These biased
PAR1 endothelial cell agonists represent a new strategy in the treatment of inflammatory disorders and sepsis.
AS092
Podoplanin and CLEC-2 drive cerebrovascular
patterning and integrity during development
gerling R2, Deppermann C3,
Lowe K1, Finney BA1, Ha
4
Frampton J , Nieswandt B3, Buckley C5, Kiefer F2 and Watson S1
1
Birmingham, UK; 2Department of Vascular Biology, Max Planck
nster; 3Department of
Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Mu
Experimental Biomedicine, University of W
urzburg, W
urzburg,
Germany; 4School of Immunity and Infection; 5Rheumatology
Research Group, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
Background: Mice with a constitutive or platelet-specific deletion of
the C-type lectin-like receptor, CLEC-2, which is expressed at high levels on platelets, exhibit cerebral haemorrhaging by mid-gestation. The
only known endogenous ligand for CLEC-2, podoplanin, is expressed
throughout the developing neural tube at embryonic day (E)10.5, concurrent with neural tube vascularisation.
Aims: We sought to investigate the basis of this phenotype, hypothesizing that CLEC-2 activation by podoplanin is required to maintain the
integrity of developing cerebral blood vessels.
Methods: Podoplaninfl/fl mice were generated and crossed to PGK-Cre
or Nestin-Cre mice, to mediate constitutive or neural-specific deletion,
33
respectively. The developing vasculature was visualised in 3-dimensions using planar illumination microscopy and the ultrastructure of
vessels was investigated by electron microscopy. To dissect out a
mechanism behind the defect, a series of transgenic mouse models were
used.
Results: Loss of podoplanin or CLEC-2 resulted in the formation of
tortuous, aberrantly patterned cerebral blood vessels at E10.5, which
preceded the development of haemorrhages throughout brain by
E12.5. At E11.5, a defect in pericyte recruitment to cerebral blood vessels was observed and electron microscopy revealed large dissociations
between the endothelium and its surrounding cells. Cerebral haemorrhages were also observed at E12.5 in mice deficient in the platelet glycoprotein IIb, and mild haemorrhaging was seen at E12.5 in
neurobeachin-like-2 (NBEAL-2)-deficient mice, which lack platelet agranules.
Conclusion: This study reveals a novel role for podoplanin and CLEC2 in maintaining the integrity of the developing cerebral vasculature. It
is proposed that podoplanin on neuro-epithelial cells induces platelet
activation through CLEC-2, mediating platelet adhesion and aggregation to plug the vessel wall, while secreted molecules may be involved
in recruiting mural cells to the endothelium, together preventing lethal
haemorrhage.
Cancer and thrombosis Basic

AS093
Pletalets in cancer progression and metastasis
Byzova TV and Kerr B
Molecular Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, USA
There is an increasing body of experimental and clinical evidence that
platelets and hemostatic system in general directly influence tumor
growth and, possibly, tumor metastasis. We show that distal tumors
are able to communicate with bone marrow and promote release and
recruitment of Bone Marrow Derived Cells (BMDCs) to promote
tumor angiogenesis. Platelets facilitate communication between the
tumor and the bone, and mediate the release of proangiogenic BMDCs
into the circulation. Platelet a-granule secretion, but neither platelet
aggregation nor dense granule secretion is responsible for the mobilization of BMDCs and subsequent augmentation of tumor angiogenesis. Using several tumor models, including prostate cancer and
melanoma, we demonstrate that growing tumors promote premetastatic changes in the bone resulting in the changes of bone structural
indices as documented by microCT. Platelet depletion almost completely blocked tumor-induced changes in bone based on bone volume
and bone surface area measurements demonstrating that platelets are
necessary for tumor-induced bone remodeling prior to metastasis.
Tumors secrete a number of factors which can be sequestered by platelets and released upon platelet activation. Several tumor-derived factors are present exclusively in platelets but not in plasma of tumorbearing animals. Platelets of tumor-bearing animals contain high
amounts of factors controlling bone metabolism and, potentially, bone
metastasis. TGF-b1, known to promote skeletal metastasis of several
cancers, is present at the highest concentration in platelets and the concentration of TGF-b1 increased ~100 fold in the presence of a
tumor.Neutralization of TGFb1 in platelet releasates from tumorbearing mice reduces osteoblast differentiation, thereby directly implicating platelet-stored TGFb1 in tumor-induced bone remodeling.
Thus, platelets mediate communications between growing tumor and
its micro and macro environment.
34
ABSTRACTS
AS094
GPV is a central regulator of hemostasis, thrombosis
and thrombo-inflammatory brain infarction in mice
Schiel S1, Stegner D1, Hagedorn I1, Kraft P2, Thielmann I1,
Stoll G2 and Nieswandt B1
1
Chair of Experimental Biomedicine Vascular Medicine,
University Hospital, Rudolf Virchow Center of Experimental
Biomedicine, University Wuerzburg; 2Department of Neurology,
University Hospital, Wuerzburg, Germany
Background: Glycoprotein (GP) V is part of the GPIb-V-IX complex
which mediates the initial adhesion of platelets to the exposed extracellular matrix upon vessel wall injury via the GPIba subunit. GPV can
be cleaved by thrombin, but despite the existence of two knockout
strains the function of GPV remains elusive.
Aims: We aimed to elucidate the role GPV and its cellular regulation
in thrombosis and thrombo-inflammatory processes. Therefore, mice
with an inactivating point mutation in the thrombin cleavage site of
GPV (Gp5kin/kin) were generated and analyzed in comparison with
Gp5/ mice.
Methods: Platelet function was studied in a broad range of in vitro
assays and in vivo models of hemostasis, thrombosis and thromboinflammatory brain infarction using Gp5/ and Gp5kin/kin mice as single mutants or in combination with deficiencies of (hem)ITAM receptors, GPVI and/or CLEC-2 or critical components of their
downstream signaling machinery.
Results: In agreement with previous reports, platelets from Gp5/
mice showed a slightly increased activation response to thrombin in vitro translating into a very mild acceleration of hemostasis and arterial
thrombus formation. Remarkably, however, GPV deficiency completely restored defective hemostasis in mice with deficiencies in (hem)
ITAM receptors or defects in their downstream signaling. Moreover,
GPV-deficiency fully reverted protection of GPVI-deficient mice from
arterial thrombus formation and brain infarction. Platelets from
Gp5kin/kin mice showed normal activation responses to prominent agonist, including thrombin, in vitro, but were completely resistant to
GPV cleavage by the latter. Very unexpectedly, these animals reproduced the phenotype of Gp5/ mice in hemostasis and thrombosis in
the presence as well as absence of a functional GPVI receptor.
Conclusion: These results reveal a central regulatory role of GPV in
thrombosis and thrombo-inflammatory processes and indicate that its
cleavage by thrombin is an essential step in this process.
AS095
Platelet integrin alpha 6 beta 1 promotes metastatic
dissemination
Mammadova-Bach E1,2,3, Freund M1,2,3, Bagnard D2,3,4,
Gachet C1,2,3 and Mangin P1,2,3
1
UMR_S949, Inserm, Etablissement Francais du Sang-Alsace
e de Strasbourg; 3F
ed
eration de M
edecine
(EFS-Alsace); 2Universit
Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS); 4Inserm U1109, MN3T,
LabEx Medalis, Strasbourg, France
Background: Cancer progression is a multistep process, where tumor
cells acquire properties that enable their survival, proliferation and
invasion, finally leading to dissemination and establishment of metastasis, which represents the major cause of cancer-related death. Platelets encounter tumor cells during their transit through the
bloodstream. They are known to support metastasis by adhering to
circulating tumor cells and providing a shield to allow immune escape,
and actively induce a motile and invasive phenotype in cancer cells.
Several platelet adhesion receptors were described to participate in
metastatic dissemination, but the role of b1 integrins, including a6b1,
the main receptor for laminins, is unknown.
Aims: To evaluate the role of platelet integrin a6b1 in metastasis: Methods: Mice deficient for the platelet integrin a6b1 (PF4-Cre-a6/) and
control (PF4-Cre-a6+/+) mice were compared in experimental and
spontaneous metastasis models induced by injection of B16F10 melanoma and MMTV-PyMT (mammary tumor virus-driven polyoma
middle T) mammary tumor cells, respectively. Platelet adhesion to
tumor cells was examined in vitro by quantification of platelet marker
RAM-1 (GPIb b).
Results: Our results show that platelet integrin a6b1 accelerates and
increases lung colonization by B16F10 melanoma cells (n = 6;
**P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001). In an orthotopic MMTV-PyMT breast
cancer model this integrin had no impact on primary tumorgrowth,
but enhanced lung metastasis (n = 6; **P < 0.01). Antibody-mediated
blockade of integrin a6b1 in human platelets inhibited their adhesion
to human breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231, n = 4; *P < 0.05;
SKRB-3, n = 4; *P < 0.05). Similar results were observed with murine
platelets lacking integrin a6b1.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates that platelet integrin a6b1 contributes to metastatic process by mediating communication between
the platelets and tumor cells. Targeting of platelet integrin a6b1 could
represent a novel therapeutic approach to prevent metastasis.
AS096
Peptides inhibiting heparanase procoagulant activity
significantly reduce tumor growth and vascularization
in a mouse model
Crispel Y, Axelman E, Tatour M, Kogan I and Nadir Y
Thrombosis and Hemostasis Unit, Rambam Health Care Campus,
The Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
Background: Heparanase is implicated in angiogenesis and tumor progression. Our previous studies demonstrated that heparanase might
also affect the hemostatic system in a non-enzymatic manner. It forms
a complex and augments the activity of the blood coagulation initiator
tissue factor (TF). Peptides, developed by us, derived from TF pathway inhibitor (TFPI)-2 significantly reducing heparanase procoagulant
activity were recently shown to attenuate inflammation in a sepsis
mouse model (Axelman et al., Thromb Haemost, 2014).
Aims: The current study was designed to assess the peptide effect on
tumor growth and vascularization.
Methods: B16 mouse melanoma, EMT-6 mouse breast cancer, and
MDA-231 human breast cancer cell lines were injected subcutaneously
(s.c.). Inhibitory peptides 5, 6 and 7 were injected s.c. opposite to the
tumor side, at a dose of 24 mg kg1, every other day, starting 4 days
after tumor cell injection, for 3 weeks. To assess the effect on tumor
relapse, the tumor was left to grow to 11.5 cm, and was extracted following peptide injections for 3 weeks. Tumor, organs, and plasma
were studied.
Results: Peptides 5, 6 and 7 inhibited tumor growth and vascularization in the three cell lines in a dose-dependent manner, reaching a 2/3
reduction compared to control tumors (P < 0.001). Additionally, survival benefit (P < 0.05) and reduced plasma thrombin-antithrombin
complex (P < 0.05) were observed in the treated groups. Peptides
delayed tumor relapse by 6 days and reduced relapsed tumor size
(P < 0.001). In vitro, peptides neither inhibited tumor cell proliferation
nor affected heparanase enzymatic activity.
Conclusion: Peptides inhibiting heparanase procoagulant activity significantly impeded tumor growth, vascularization and relapse. The
procoagulant domain in heparanase protein may play a role in tumor
development, suggesting a new mechanism of coagulation system
involvement in cancer.
ABSTRACTS
Non-vitamin K antagonist oral

anticoagulants
AS097
Noacs in venous thromboembolism strengths and
caveats
Schulman S
Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
The most recent milestone on the road to improved treatment of
venous thromboembolism (VTE) was the introduction of non-vitamin
K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs). They provide mainly a
more convenient option without laboratory monitoring, easy discharge home, and simplified perioperative management. Extended
duration therapy will be more acceptable for patients. However, without monitoring there is an increased risk of non-adherence, although
preliminary studies have not demonstrated that. The risk of intracranial bleeds is reduced also in the VTE indication but minor gastrointestinal bleeds are more common. NOACs appear to be at least as
effective as warfarin in patients with cancer and VTE but the investigated populations were selected. Further studies of NOACs vs. lowmolecular-weight heparin are needed. For patients with thrombophilia, particularly anti-phospholipid syndrome, there have been a few
case reports of NOAC failure. Conversely, data from case series and
subgroup analyses do not confirm this suspicion. Management inpatients with renal failure is complicated by confusing messages from
regulatory authorities in different jurisdictions. The management of
VTE can be divided in 3 decision points at each of which there is a possibility to tailor the treatment according to the characteristics of the
patient, (1) in the Emergency Room for those suitable for outpatient
treatment, (2) at the time of discharge for hospitalized patients, and (3)
after 36 months for possible extended duration of anticoagulation.
The large phase III trials have answered questions regarding safety
and efficacy. Many questions regarding details of management of
patients with VTE remain to be properly addressed.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Schulman Grant/Research Support from: Boehringer Ingelheim, Octapharma, Baxter, Consultant for: Boehringer
Ingelheim, Bayer, BMS.
AS098
Real life efficacy and safety of apixaban for stroke
prevention in atrial fibrillation results of the
prospective noac registry (NCT01588119)
Beyer-Westendorf J, Werth S, Tittl L, Michalski F and
Marten SWeiss N
Center for Vascular Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav
Carus, Dresden, Germany
Background: The management and outcome of long-term anticoagulation with non-VKA oral anticoagulants (NOACs) such as apixaban
needs to be evaluated in daily care patients.
Aims: To prospectively evaluate effectiveness and safety of apixaban in
consecutive atrial fibrillation (AF) patients treated with apixaban.
Methods: In the prospective, non-interventional Dresden NOAC registry a network of more than 230 physicians enroll eligible patients. Up
to 3000 NOAC patients receive prospective follow up by phone visits
by the registry office. All events are centrally adjudicated using standard scientific definitions.
Results: Until September 5th 2014, 511 patients receiving apixaban for
atrial fibrillation were enrolled (60% male, mean age 74.8 years, mean
CHADS2-Score 2.0). 112 patients (21.9%) were switched from VKA
to apixaban, mainly due to instable INR (29.5%) or bleeding (15.2%),
the remaining patients were newly treated for AF. 41 patients (8%)
35
had a history of stroke or TIA. 64 patients (12.5%) had a history of

malignant disease and 35 patients (6.8%) had a history of bleeding
events. 78.9% of all patients received apixaban 5 mg bid, 20.5%
received 2.5 mg bid; the remaining received non-approved dosages.
During follow-up (median 355 days; 25th/75th percentile 184.5/
494.5 days), the combined efficacy endpoint of stroke/TIA/systemic
embolism occurred in 11 patients (2.53 per 100 patient years; 95% CI
1.264.52). Furthermore, 216 bleeding events occurred, of which 15
events were ISTH major bleeding (1.93 per 100 patient years; 95% CI
1.935.68). Overall, 8 patients died (1.80 per 100 patient years; 95% CI
0.783.56). 88.5% of patients were still taking apixaban at 12 month
follow-up.
Conclusion: In daily care AF patients, apixaban demonstrates both
high effectiveness and safety with outcome event rates in the range of
the respective phase III results. Furthermore, treatment persistence
with apixaban is high and much better than that reported for vitaminK antagonists. Updated results will be presented at ISTH.
Disclosure of Interest: J. Beyer-Westendorf Grant/Research Support
from: Pfizer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bayer Healthcare, Daiichi Sankyo,
Speaker Bureau of: Pfizer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bayer Healthcare,
Daiichi Sankyo, S. Werth Speaker Bureau of: Bayer Healthcare, L.
Tittl: None Declared, F. Michalski: None Declared, S. Marten: None
Declared, N. Weiss Grant/Research Support from: Pfizer, Boehringer
Ingelheim, Bayer Healthcare, Daiichi Sankyo, Speaker Bureau of:
Pfizer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bayer Healthcare, Daiichi Sankyo.
AS099
Fixed-dose rivaroxaban is not associated with
increased recurrent venous thromboembolism or major
bleeding in patients with a high or low body weight
Prins MH1, Nisio MD2, Vedovati MC3, Riera-Mestre A4,
Mueller K5, Cohen AT6, Wells PS7, Beyer-Westendorf J8,
Brighton TA9, Bounameaux H10, Schneider J11 and Lensing AW12
1
Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The
Netherlands; 2Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological
Sciences, University G. DAnnunzio, Chieti; 3Internal and
Cardiovascular Medicine and Stroke Unit, University of Perugia,
Perugia, Italy; 4Internal Medicine Department, IDIBELL, Hospital
Universitari de Bellvitge, LHospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona,
Spain; 5Bayer HealthCare, Berlin, Germany; 6Department of
Haematological Medicine, Guys and St Thomas Hospitals, Kings
College Hospital, London, UK; 7Department of Medicine,
University of Ottawa and the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute,
Ontario, Canada; 8University Hospital Carl-Gustav Carus,
Department of Vascular Medicine, Technische Universit
at,
Dresden, Germany; 9Department of Haematology, Prince of
Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia; 10Division of Angiology and
Hemostasis, University Hospitals of Geneva and Faculty of
Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland; 11Bayer HealthCare AG, Berlin;
12
Bayer HealthCare, Wuppertal, Germany
Background: Rivaroxaban is a factor Xa inhibitor approved for the
treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) using a fixed-dose regimen that is not adjusted for body weight, based on a similar efficacy
and a significantly lower rate of major bleeding compared with standard therapy. Pharmacokinetic analyses showed a limited association
between rivaroxaban exposure and body weight.
Aims: To determine the association between body weight and clinical
outcomes during the use of rivaroxaban in comparison with standard
therapy for treatment of VTE in the EINSTEIN DVT and PE studies.Methods: Oral rivaroxaban (15 mg twice daily for 3 weeks, followed by 20 mg once daily) was compared with subcutaneous
enoxaparin followed by either warfarin or acenocoumarol for 3, 6 or
36
ABSTRACTS
12 months in patients with acute symptomatic DVT and/or PE. Three

groups of body weight were used: 50, > 50 to < 100 and 100 kg. P
values for trend were calculated for each of the treatment arms in relation to recurrent VTE and major bleeding.
Results: A total of 4142 rivaroxaban and 4129 standard therapy
patients were eligible. Treatment characteristics did not differ substantially between the body weight categories. There was no association
between body weight ( 50 kg [n = 167], > 50 to < 100 kg [n = 6711]
and 100 kg [n = 1393]; ITT population) and risk of recurrent VTE:
6.7%, 1.9% and 2.3%, respectively, for patients on rivaroxaban
(Ptrend = 0.54) and 2.2%, 2.4% and 2.0%, respectively, for patients on
standard therapy (Ptrend = 0.16). Major bleeding showed no association with body weight for patients on rivaroxaban: 1.3%, 1.0% and
0.9%, respectively (Ptrend = 0.27); however, major bleeding in patients
on standard treatment was more abundant in patients with low body
weight: 4.4%, 1.8% and 1.2%, respectively (Ptrend = 0.027).
Conclusion: The fixed-dose rivaroxaban regimen for treatment of VTE
is not associated with an increased risk for recurrent VTE in patients
with a high body weight nor with an increased risk of major bleeding
in patients with a low body weight.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Prins Grant/Research Support from: Bayer,
Sanofi-Aventis, Boehringer Ingelheim, GSK, Daiichi Sankyo, LEO
Pharma, ThromboGenics and Pfizer, M. Di Nisio Consultant for: Bayer and Grifols, M. C. Vedovati: None Declared, A. Riera-Mestre
Grant/Research Support from: Bayer (TALENT program), Consultant for: Rovi, BMS, Pfizer and Daiichi Sankyo, K. Mueller Employee
of: Bayer HealthCare, A. Cohen Consultant for: Bayer, BMS, DaiichiSankyo, Johnson & Johnson, Pfizer, Portola and Sanofi, P. Wells
Grant/Research Support from: BMS and Pfizer, Consultant for: Bayer, Pfizer, Boehringer Ingelheim and Biomerieux, J. Beyer-Westendorf Consultant for: Bayer HealthCare, Boehringer Ingelheim, Daiichi
Sankyo, Pfizer, Novartis and LEO Pharma, T. Brighton Consultant
for: Bayer HealthCare, Boehringer Ingelheim, Daiichi Sankyo, Pfizer,
Amgen Australia and GSK, H. Bounameaux Grant/Research Support
from: Swiss National Foundation, Daiichi Sankyo and Bayer HealthCare, Consultant for: Pfizer and Bayer, J. Schneider Employee of: Bayer HealthCare, A. Lensing Employee of: Bayer HealthCare
AS100
Dabigatran persistence and adherence in New Zealand
Harper PL, Fong SC and Chen L
Clinical Haematology, Palmerston North Hospital, Palmerston
North, New Zealand
Background: Dabigatran was introduced in New Zealand in July 2011.
It is free to patients and primarily used in atrial fibrillation. There is a
perception that the lack of regular monitoring could adversely affect
drug adherence.
Aims: To audit adherence in all patients on dabigatran in New Zealand
over 3 years.
Methods: Data for all patients dispensed dabigatran from 1st July
2011 to 30th June 2014 were obtained from the National Pharmaceutical database which records all drugs dispensed in New Zealand. Ethics
approval was obtained. The dose, number of tablets dispensed, date of
dispensing, patient gender and age were collected. Adherence was
assessed using the Medication Refill Adherence (total days supply per days from first to last dispensing). 100% = sufficient tablets
for time on treatment.
Results: A total of 30,205 patients filled at least 1 prescription; mean
age 71.2 years, 59.6% male, 51.9% received 150 mg tabs. The mean
age of patients taking 110 mg was higher than the 150 mg dose
(77.7 years vs. 65.1 years). Medication persistence: 13% of patients
filled only 1 prescription, 29% stopped treatment after 4 months, 55%
continued treatment for > 12 months. These rates remained constant
during the study period. 23,958 patients remained on treatment for >
30 days and were included in the adherence calculations. Drug adher-
ence was 100% in 64% of females and 55.7% of males during 1st
6 months of treatment. Adherence was related to age and drug dose
(< 60 years 43.3%, > 80 years 65.7%: 110 mg 62.8%, 150 mg
55.5%; P < 0.01). Adherence decreased relative to the time on treatment (% with 100% adherence: Male: 6 m 55.7%, 18 m 40.1%,
30 m 33.9%; Female: 6 m 64%, 18 m 51.8%, 30 m 47%;
P < 0.01).
Conclusion: This large study includes data from all patients taking dabigatran in New Zealand over 3 years. Adherence is high but declines
significantly from 60% full adherence to 40% over 2 years. Younger
patients on 150 mg dose have poorer adherence than older patients on
the 110 mg dose. Regular review, especially in younger patients could
potentially improve adherence.
Disclosure of Interest: P. Harper Shareholder of: INR Online Ltd
(Warfarin Management Software), S. C. Fong: None Declared, L.
Chen: None declared.
AS101
Increased risk of thrombotic events in patients with
atrial fibrillation shortly after dabigatran or
rivaroxaban discontinuation
Vene N1, Mavri A1, Gubensek M1, Tratar G1, Cuderman TV1,
Perme MP2 and Blinc A1
1
Department of Vascular Diseases, University of Ljubljana Med
Ctr; 2Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Medical faculty of
Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Background: Interruption of anticoagulant treatment with warfarin
due to invasive procedures or bleeding represents a vulnerable period
with increased risk of thromboembolic events. Less is known about
the thromboembolic risk after discontinuation of non-vitamin K oral
anticoagulants (NOAC).
Aims: Our aim was to systematically evaluate adverse events following
temporary or permanent discontinuation of NOAC.
Methods: Data from a tertiary medical centre registry were analyzed
regarding patients started on dabigatran or rivaroxaban from February 2012 to December 2013 with emphasis on thromboembolic events
following temporary or permanent discontinuation of dabigatran or
rivaroxaban.
Results: Among 866 patients started on NOAC, with a mean age of 74
(SD 8) years, and an average CHADS2 score of 2.1 (SD 1.2), 705
patients were treated without interruption, while 84 patients had temporary interruption and 77 had permanent cessation of treatment. In
patients without interruptions the rate of thromboembolic events was
1.0 (95% CI 0.42.1) per 100 patient-years, while in patients with interruption/cessation the rate of thromboembolic events was 21.6 (95%
CI 10.345.2 per 100 patient-years, P < 0.001. There was a distinct
clustering of thromboembolic events in the first weeks of NOAC discontinuation with the median occurring on day 14 (range 137 days)
after discontinuation.
Conclusion: Dabigatran and rivaroxaban offer good protection against
thromboembolic events during treatment, but discontinuation of
NOAC increases thromboembolic risk more than 20-fold.
ABSTRACTS
Developmental hemostasis
AS102
Developmental haemostasis: consequences for clinical
practice
Ommen HV
Pediatric Hematology, Emma Childrens Hospital AMC,
Hemostasis is a complex process leading to the formation of a blood
clot at the site of vessel injury while simultaneously preventing excessive clotting. In the 1980s Maureen Andrew was the first to introduce
the term developmental hemostasis to describe the maturation of the
hemostasis system from fetal to adult system. Significant differences
exist in the physiology of primary hemostasis as well as secondary hemostasis and fibrinolysis in particularly fetal and neonatal life compared to adult life. The reasons for these differences are unclear and
may be related to factors not associated with blood coagulation. In
healthy neonates these differences are functionally balanced, as they
do not cause bleeding or thrombosis. However, developmental hemostasis may have consequences for both the diagnosis and management
of haemorrhagic or thrombotic events, especially in neonates.
Diagnosis of hemostatic disorders in neonates may be difficult as result
of age-related changes in the coagulation system. Therefore, age-, analyzer- and reagent-specific reference ranges should always be used to
avoid overdiagnosis and misdiagnosis.
Developmental haemostasis may be of importance in for example neonatal transfusion medicine. Regardless of reduced platelet function,
bleeding time is shorter in neonates, probably as result of increased
levels of VWF and high haematocrit. As in vitro studies revealed
shorter closure times in neonatal blood transfused with adult platelets,
adult platelets transfusion may increase the thrombosis risk, especially
in preterm neonates. Furthermore, developmental haemostasis may
influence the management of anticoagulation therapy in neonates as
well. Decreased antithrombin levels may effect heparin treatment.
Therapeutic levels of anti-Xa are difficult to obtain. Despite the delay
in reaching therapeutic anti-FXa levels, thrombus resolution does
occur. Age-specific guidelines for management of neonatal haemostasis is, therefore, warranted.
AS103
Reduced dosing of enoxaparin to treat deep vein
thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary emboli (PE) in
overweight and obese pediatric patients
Hoffman S1 and Braunreiter CL2
1
Michigan State University-College of Human Medicine, East
Lansing; 2Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Helen DeVos
Childrens Hospital, Grand Rapids, USA
Background: The incidences of both DVT/PE and obesity have
increased in the pediatric population. Minimal evidence addressing
appropriate dosing in this population exists. Recent studies for adult
obese patients suggest that lower enoxaparin dosing is adequate.
Aims: We sought to determine the adequacy of reduced dosing of enoxaparin in overweight and obese pediatric patients with DVT/PE in
our institution.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of patients
12 years old with BMI 85th percentile who were treated with enoxaparin for DVT/PE from January 2004 to December 2014. Patients
with acute kidney injury, recent trauma or surgery, or increased risk of
hemorrhage were excluded. Of 419 patients screened from our database, 30 met criteria. Data collected included demographics, enoxaparin dosing, anti-Xa levels, recurrent thrombosis/progression within
37
90 days, and bleeding events. We defined standard dosing (SD) as

0.90 mg kg1 q12 h. Using the binomial test, the recurrence/progression rates of the less than SD (< SD) and SD groups were compared to the 5% rate reported in the literature.
Results: In 30 patients (19 [63%] females, median age 15.5 years), the
mean initial and final enoxaparin dose was 0.83 0.14 and
0.77 0.14 mg kg1 with mean initial and final anti-Xa levels of
0.70 0.23 and 0.84 0.19 units mL1 (therapeutic range 0.5
1.0 units mL1), respectively. Nineteen patients initially received <SD
with mean dosing significantly lower than 11 who initially received SD
(0.74 0.10 vs. 0.98 0.05 mg kg1, P 0.001). The recurrence/
progression rate of the < SD group (2/19, 10.5% [95% CI 1.333.1])
and the SD group (1/11, 9.1% [95% CI 0.241.3]) were not significantly different than 5% (P = 0.245, P = 0.431, respectively). After
titration, 25/30 patients final dosing was < SD.
Conclusion: In our small study, reduced enoxaparin dosing for overweight and obese pediatric patients with DVT/PE achieves therapeutic
levels without an increased risk of thrombus recurrence/progression.
AS104
Development of a rivaroxaban dosing regimen for
treatment of VTE in children aged 12 to 18 years
Young G1, Kubitza D2, Chan A3, Kenet G4, Male C5,
Massicotte P6, Molinari AC7, Monagle P8, Nowak-Goettl U9,
Burghaus R2, Stampfuss J2 and Lensing AW2
1
Childrens Hospital of Los Angeles, University of Southern
California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, USA; 2Bayer
HealthCare, Wuppertal, Germany; 3McMaster Childrens
Hospital, Hamilton, Canada; 4Sheba Medical Center, Tel
Hashomer, Israel; 5Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria;
6
University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; 7Giannina Gaslini
Childrens Hospital, Genoa, Italy; 8Royal Childrens Hospital
Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; 9Universit
atsklinikum SchleswigHolstein, Kiel, Germany
Background: Once-daily 20 mg rivaroxaban is efficacious and safe for
the long-term treatment of VTE in adults.
Aims: To establish the rivaroxaban tablet dose in children aged 12
18 years that results in an equivalent exposure as observed after the
20 mg dose in young adults.
Methods: We conducted a phase I single-dose pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) study followed by a 30-day multiple-dose PK/
PD phase II study. A body weight-adjusted dose of once-daily rivaroxaban was derived using a physiologically based pharmacokinetic
(PBPK) model. Predicted and observed plasma concentrations and
corresponding exposures (AUC) were compared for the 10 and 20 mg
equivalent doses in phase I and for the 20 mg equivalent dose in phase
II. Additionally, the relationship of PD changes to observed plasma
concentrations was evaluated.
Results: In phase I, observed plasma concentrations and exposures
were in good agreement with PBPK model predictions. Comparison of
exposure following the 10 mg (n = 4) and the 20 mg equivalent dose
(n = 5) approximated dose linearity. In phase II, 11 children were
included (mean age 15.5 years), and the observed plasma concentrations and exposures were in line with expectations and in line with
prior phase I data. In both studies, the PT and aPTT showed a nearlinear relationship with rivaroxaban plasma concentration. As a result,
the rivaroxaban body-weight-adjusted dosing schedule is 15 mg and
20 mg, respectively, for children aged 1218 years with a body weight
of 3050 kg and above 50 kg. No major bleeding occurred.
Conclusion: Phase I and II evaluations in children aged 1218 years
confirmed the rivaroxaban PBPK model predictions. These studies
established a once-daily rivaroxaban dosing regimen that results in
38
ABSTRACTS
Conclusion: This is the first evidence that blood clot formation under
physiologically relevant flow conditions is different children compared
with adults and has major implications for treatment of thrombosis in
children and adults.
similar plasma concentrationtime profiles and exposure as observed

in young adults treated with 20 mg rivaroxaban once daily. This dosing regimen is currently used for VTE treatment in children aged 12
18 years in phase III.
Disclosure of Interest: G. Young Consultant for: Bayer HealthCare, D.
Kubitza Employee of: Bayer HealthCare, A. Chan Consultant for: Bayer HealthCare, G. Kenet Consultant for: Bayer HealthCare, C. Male:
None Declared, P. Massicotte Consultant for: Bayer HealthCare, A.
C. Molinari Consultant for: Bayer HealthCare, P. Monagle Consultant for: Bayer HealthCare, U. Nowak-Goettl Consultant for: Bayer
HealthCare, R. Burghaus Employee of: Bayer HealthCare, J. Stampfuss Employee of: Bayer HealthCare, A. Lensing Employee of: Bayer
HealthCare.
Alloimmune and autoimmune

platelet disorders
AS106
Update on current attempts to prevent neonatal
alloimmune thrombocytopenia
Bakchoul T
Institute for Immunology and Transfusion Medicine,
Universit
atsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
AS105
Developmental differences in fibrin clot formation
under venous and arterial laminar flow
Fetal/neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) is often

caused by maternal alloantibodies against the human platelet antigen
(HPA)-1a, which opsonize fetal platelets. Subsequent platelet destruction is mediated via the Fc-part of the alloantibodies. The incidence of
HPA-1a-mediated FNAIT in the Caucasian population is about 1 in
1500 live birth, based on a large population study, with no prophylactic measures to prevent maternal immunization. The most devastating
risk of FNAIT is intracranial hemorrhage, which may lead to death or
persistent neurological sequel in 10% of the clinically symptomatic
cases. This makes antenatal management essential to avoid deleterious
consequences. Currently, antenatal treatment options include intrauterine platelet transfusion (IUT) to the fetus, or treatment of the
pregnant mother with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) with or
without additional steroids. These treatment options have limitations,
such as the risk of severe procedure-related complications causing iatrogenic fetal death, increase the risk for gestational diabetes and infection, and limited efficacy, respectively. As fetal platelet destruction is
initiated after binding of maternal allo-antibodies to the fetal platelet
surface, an attractive treatment option would be to block binding of
maternal alloantibodies to the respective alloantigens on fetal platelets.
In this overview, an update on current attempts to prevent FNAIT will
be presented. Recent findings on the use of Fc-modified, murine as
well as human monoclonal antibodies will be introduced. Moreover,
results from a proof-of-concept study in a murine FNAIT model on
the impact of anti-HPA-1a prophylaxis on the production of alloantibodies against platelets will be discussed. These studies support a new
approach for minimally invasive treatment strategy for prevention of
maternal immunization and fetal platelet destruction by maternal antiHPA-1a alloantibodies.
Kelchtermans H1, Pelkmans L1, Monagle P2,3,4, deLaat B1 and

Ignjatovic V3,4
1
Synapse BV, CARIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The
Netherlands; 2Clinical Haematology, Royal Childrens Hospital;
3
Haematology Research, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute
Melbourne; 4Department of Paediatrics, The University of
Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
Background: Infants and children have a significantly lower incidence
of thrombosis compared with adults. Yet, the mechanism of blood clot
formation, as the end product of coagulation, has not been studied.
Aims: To establish differences in the mechanism of fibrin clot formation during venous and arterial flow in infants and children compared
with adults.
Methods: We adapted a plate and cone principle-based rheometer to
study fibrin formation, while applying continuous laminar flow. Fibrin
formation was studied at venous (300 s1) and arterial (800 s1) shear
conditions. Viscosity plots were characterized by: base level (viscosity
level before coagulation), lag time (time before increase in viscosity),
plateau level (maximum viscosity), plateau-base level (increase in viscosity), time-to-plateau (TTP, time to reach the plateau level), and
velocity (slope of the ascending curve between lag time and TTP).
Results: Fibrin clot formation was measured in triplicate in plasma
samples of children aged 1 month to 1 year (n = 8), 15 years (n = 8),
610 years (n = 6), 1116 years (n = 8) and adults (n = 8). Clot formation at venous shear rate was decreased in infants and children (Table).
This difference was less pronounced at an arterial shear rate.
Age (years)
Base level
(mPa.s)
<1
15
610
1116
Adults
1.25
1.31
1.29
1.32
1.34

0.03***
0.03
0.04*
0.06
0.03
Lag time (min)

1.38
1.41
1.48
1.40
1.00

0.24**
0.24***
0.21**
0.18**
0.19
Plateau level
(mPa.s)
2.41
2.70
2.62
2.65
2.91

0.26*
0.36
0.15
0.31
0.34
Time to plateau
(min)
2.59
2.67
2.74
2.50
2.21

0.35*
0.20**
0.22*
0.28*
0.25
Plateau-base level
(mPa.s)
1.16
1.39
1.33
1.33
1.57

0.25*
0.34
0.12
0.26
0.33
Velocity index
(mPa.s min1)
1.61
1.62
1.71
2.24
2.17

0.37*
0.45*
0.31*
1.37
0.76
*P < 0.05, **P < 0.005, ***P < 0.001 compared to adults.
ABSTRACTS
AS107
Impact of platelet activation detected by the washed
platelet activation assay on thrombotic outcomes in
patients clinically suspected of having heparin-induced
thrombocytopenia
1
Maeda T , Kanaumi Y , Kawamura S , Seguchi S , Kodama M ,

Kawai T1, Hamasaki T2, Okazaki H3 and Miyata S1
1
Divisions of Clinical Laboratory and Transfusion Medicine;
2
Office of Biostatistics and Data Management, National Cerebral
and Cardiovascular Center, OSAKA; 3Department of Transfusion
Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine,
The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Background: Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is caused by
platelet (plt)-activating anti-plt factor 4 (PF4)/heparin (H) antibodies.
Since HIT patients (pts) are highly prothrombotic for several days
after onset, administration of an alternative anticoagulant soon after
HIT has been clinically suspected is recommended. However, serum
plt activating profiles vary across pts, which might affect outcomes.
Aims: The aim is to clarify the impact of plt activating properties on
HIT-associated thromboembolic events (TEEs).
Methods: In a nationwide registry of pts clinically suspected of having
HIT, 401 pts with results for an immunoassay for anti-PF4/H IgG and
the plt activation assay were retrospectively included. For the latter,
serum that activated washed plts only at a therapeutic H concentration, but not with anti-FccRIIa Abs, was defined as positive (pos).
Among positive samples, serum that activated plts within 30 min or
even in the absence of added H was defined as strongly pos. The
remainder was considered weakly pos. We investigated the association
between the results of serological assays and TEEs.
Results: The incidence of TEE in the pts who tested strongly pos,
weakly pos, and negative (neg) in the activation assay were 71% (44/
62), 47% (21/45), and 32% (95/294), respectively. The incidence of
TEE in pts who tested neg in the activation assay but pos in the immunoassay was 32% (17/53), similar to that in pts who tested neg in both
assays (32% [77/241]). On the day of clinical suspicion (defined as the
day that the blood sample was drawn), 48% (30/62) of pts with
strongly pos results did not have a TEE. However, TEE occurred in
40% (12/30) of these pts afterwards. In contrast, pts with weakly pos
results showed a significantly lower incidence of TEE (11% [3/27])
afterwards (P = 0.03).
Conclusion: Stronger plt activation was significantly associated with a
higher incidence of TEE even after the initiation of therapy. We may
consider more intensive treatment strategies in pts with strong plt activation.
Disclosure of Interest: T. Maeda: None Declared, Y. Kanaumi: None
Declared, S. Kawamura: None Declared, S. Seguchi: None Declared,
M. Kodama: None Declared, T. Kawai: None Declared, T. Hamasaki:
None Declared, H. Okazaki: None Declared, S. Miyata Grant/
Research Support from: Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd (Tokyo, Japan),
Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation (Osaka, Japan), and CSL
Behring K.K. (Tokyo, Japan)., Speaker Bureau of: Daiichi Sankyo
Co., Ltd (Tokyo, Japan), Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation
(Osaka, Japan), and CSL Behring K.K. (Tokyo, Japan).
39
AS108
Development and characterization of 5B9, a potential
international standard for the diagnosis of heparininduced thrombocytopenia
Rollin J1, Pouplard C1, Kizlik-Masson C1, Champier G2,
McKenzie S3 and Gruel Y1
1
University Hospital of Tours, Tours Cedex; 2B cell design,
Limoge, France; 3Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson
University, Philadelphia, USA
Background: Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a clinicopathologic syndrome and its diagnosis is based on both clinical and
biological criteria. However, despite recent improvements in HIT laboratory assay, a standard is always lacking.
Aims: The objective of our work was to evaluate whether a monoclonal humanized IgG1 against PF4/H complexes may serve for the standardization of HIT laboratory assays.
Methods: Transgenic GammaPrim mice that directly produce chimeric antibodies with a human IgG1 Fc fragment were immunized with
human PF4 and unfractioned heparin (UFH). After, fusion of splenocytes and subcloning, only one clone (5B9) producing an IgG1 that
specifically bind PF4/H complexes without reactivity against PF4
alone was isolated.
Results: 5B9 was able to induce dose-dependent platelet activation in
the presence of low concentration of UFH (0.5 IU mL1), and this
effect not observed with high dose or without UFH, was fully inhibited
by IV.3 antibody or dasatinib, an inhibitor of Src kinase. In addition,
5B9 increased TF mRNA expression after stimulation of isolated
monocytes or whole blood in presence of UFH (0.5 IU mL1).
Finally, 5B9 with UFH induced thrombocytopenia in transgenic mice
expressing human PF4 and FcgRIIA receptors.
5B9 was evaluated as a standard using 3 widely used laboratory immunoassays detecting anti-PF4/H (Stago, Hyphen Biomed) or anti-PF4/
PVS (Immucor) antibodies, and the linearity (R2) of standard curves
obtained with these kits was always up to 0.95. Finally, we demonstrated using competitive immunoassays that 15 of 22 HIT plasma
samples (68%) were able to inhibit (up to 20%) the binding of 5B9 to
PF4/H complexes compared to 3/25 (12%) samples containing non
pathogenic anti-PF4/H antibodies (no HIT).
Conclusion: 5B9 is the first anti-PF4/H monoclonal antibody with a
human Fc fragment, and fully mimics the effect of HIT human antibodies. 5B9 is thus potentially useful for studying the physiopathology
of HIT and for standardizing HIT biological assays.
AS109
Different dosages of intravenous immunoglobulin
(IVIG) in treating adult immune thrombocytopenia
with long-term follow-up of 3 years: results of a casecontrol study including 91 cases
Zhou Z1, Qiao Z2, Li H3, Zhang X3, Xue F3 and Yang R3
1
Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of
Kunming Medical University, Kunming; 2Department of
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Affiliated Hospital of
Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing; 3Institute of
Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin,
China
Background: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), previously known as
idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, is an acquired autoantibodymediated disorder. The intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg), as an
expensive drug, is high cost-effective treatment measure for both of
40
ABSTRACTS
children and adults patients with ITP. Some studies showed similar
proportion of achieved a platelet count of more than 20 9 109 L1 in
both of the low-dose and high-dose IVIg group. We conducted a casecontrol study to explore the efficacy of different dose IVIg and the
consumption of IVIg in ITP. Moreover, current study included adults
patients with follow-up period reach 3 years.
Aims: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of different
dosages of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) for treatment of
immune thrombocytopenia.
Methods: A total of 91 eligible adults patients were included and followed-up 3 years in the case-control study. According to the different
dosages of IVIg, patients with ITP were divided into three subgroups:
group A (0.2 g kg1 per day), group B (0.3 g kg1 per day), group C
(0.4 g kg1 per day). Informed consents were obtained from all
patients. The study was approved by the institutional review board of
our hospital.
Results: In all of 91 adults with ITP, there was no significant difference
of the therapeutic response among three groups of IVIg dosages
(P = 0.459). The response rate of IVIg treatment in group A was
97.1%, and group B (97.2%), group C (100%). The mean time of
platelet reach to 30 9 109 L1 in group A was 2.5 days, group B
(3.2 days), group C (2.9 days) (P = 0.324). The median IVIg consumption in group A was 0.83 g kg1, group B(1.22 g kg1), group C
(1.64 g kg1) (P = 0.000). The results of follow-up showed no significant difference of clinical outcome among three groups of IVIg dosages.
Conclusion: The low-dose IVIg can be performed as effectively as highdose regimen without increasing the rate of developing into chronic
adults with ITP. Patients with ITP could get greater cost-effective from
low-dose IVIg regimen.
AS110
Higher or lower dose corticosteroids for primary
immune thrombocytopenia: systematic review and
meta-analysis
Mithoowani S1, Gregory-Miller K1, Goy J1, Miller MC1,
Noroozi N1 and Arnold DM1,2
1
Internal Medicine, McMaster University; 2Canadian Blood
Services, Hamilton, Canada
Background: It is uncertain whether higher doses of corticosteroids,
either up-front or cumulatively lead to better long term platelet count
responses when treating primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP).
Aims: To compare the effect of higher vs. lower dose corticosteroids
on durable platelet count responses in patients with primary ITP.
Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and the
Cochrane Registry from 1970 to January 2015 and abstracts from the
American Society of Hematology annual meetings from 2004 to 2014
for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing platelet count
responses in patients receiving different doses of corticosteroids for
primary ITP. Higher and lower dose groups were defined by the initial
dose received. We compared sustained platelet count responses
(6 months after intial treatment) in each group. Secondary analyses
were to compare groups based on cumulative corticosteroid exposure,
short-term responses, and subgroups of adults and children. Estimates
of effect were pooled using meta-analytic methods and a random
effects model.
Results: We uncovered 2574 citations out of which we included 8
RCTs (n = 1034). Up-front higher dose corticosteroids were not associated with more frequent long or short-term platelet count responses
(relative risk [RR] = 1.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.791.40 and
RR = 1.07, 95% CI 0.931.24, respectively). The effect was lost when
high dose was defined by cumulative corticosteroid exposure. There
were more frequent short-term complete responses (platelet count
> 100 9 109 L1) in the higher up-front dosing group (RR = 1.66,
95% CI 1.272.17; P = 0.0002). This effect was maintained within subgroups of adults and children. There were more corticosteroid related
adverse effects in the lower up-front dosing group.
Conclusion: Higher dose corticosteroids were not associated with more
frequent platelet count responses at 6 months but did result in more
frequent short-term complete responses.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Mithoowani: None Declared, K. GregoryMiller: None Declared, J. Goy: None Declared, M. Miller: None
Declared, N. Noroozi: None Declared, D. Arnold Grant/Research
Support from: GlaxoSmithKline, Amgen, Consultant for: BristolMyers Squibb, Amgen
Hemostasis and Infection

AS111
Hemostasis-pathogen interplay: the virus envelope
Pryzdial E
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of
British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
Numerous virus types can affect hemostasis of which many are
sheathed by an envelope, including HIV, dengue, Ebola, flu, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex type 1 (HSV1) and more. Interestingly, the
clinical correlations to hemostasis span a broad range from hemorrhage to occlusive vascular diseases, depending on the virus. The envelope consists of a phospholipid bilayer derived from the host cell and
associated proteins encoded by both viral and host genes. Because the
envelope is the virus surface, it is encountered first by the host, and is
the pivotal trigger for infection, immune mobilization and pathology.
We have been investigating the hypothesis that host cell- and virusencoded envelope factors combine to facilitate activation of hemostatic proteases and these contribute to the infection process. As an envelope virus known to affect hemostasis, purified HSV1 has been our
model. In support of the hypothesis, the physiological cell surface initiators of coagulation, tissue factor (TF) and anionic phospholipid, were
integrated into the envelope. Using a novel panel of host and virus
protein-restricted HSV1, clotting protease activation was shown to be
dependent on the presence of envelope TF. Furthermore, the virusencoded protein, gC, was found to enhance TF activity, which implies
an evolutionary advantage to the virus. Both TF and gC on the virus
increased in vitro infection through factor VIIa- and/or factor Xadependent stimulation of cellular protease activated receptor (PAR) 2.
Thrombin also enhanced infection, but through PAR1. In a mouse
model, TF-deficient HSV1 was remarkably less infectious than TFpositive virus. An anticoagulant TF antibody recognizing only viral
antigen had a similar effect. These data suggest a general mechanism
where the envelope of any virus propagated in a TF-bearing cell may
initiate clotting enzyme activity thereby contributing to pathology and
infection.
AS112
Mutations in the control of virulence sensor gene from
Streptococcus pyogenes after infection in mice lead to
clonal bacterial variants with increased virulence
Mayfield J, Liang Z, Ploplis VA and Castellino FJ
W.M. Keck Center for Transgene Research, University of Notre
Dame, Notre Dame, USA
Background: Group A Streptococcus pyogenes (GAS) is a gram-positive bacterium with the ability to disrupt host hemostasis, hijacking
coagulation and fibrinolytic systems, thus allowing GAS to persist and
ABSTRACTS
spread within a host. Many of the virulence factors necessary for this,
including the human plasminogen activator, streptokinase, are regulated by the GAS control of virulence sensor/responder two-component system CovRS. Clones isolated from patients with invasive
diseases often contain mutations in covRS genes leading to enhanced
virulence. The mechanism of this regulatory phase shift that occurs
during infection is poorly understood.
Aims: The goals of this study were to determine if mutations in the
covS gene of animal-passaged isolates of GAS displayed any locational
patterns, and to characterize covS mutated isolates for enhanced virulence.
Methods: The globally-disseminated M1T1 GAS, containing wild-type
CovRS, was used and clones from wound sites, and/or the spleens, of
infected transgenic mice containing human plasminogen, were isolated. Genes were subjected to DNA sequence analysis and cultures of
GAS isolates were examined for a number of virulence factors including streptokinase.
Results: Several types of inactivating mutations were identified in all
regions of the covS gene. The mutations ranged from single-nucleotide
insertions and deletions to deletions of large segments of the gene.
Many of the mutations resulted in early translation termination of the
CovS protein. Strains with mutated covS displayed enhanced lethality
and secreted several fold more active streptokinase.
Conclusion: Clonal variants with covS mutations exhibited high lethality and increased bacterial dissemination in a transgenic mouse containing human plasminogen. These data suggest that a randomly
mutated covS gene occurs during the course of infection and is a strategy used by GAS to generate phenotypic heterogeneity.
AS113
Secreted staphylococcal von Willebrand factor-binding
protein binds to a sortase a-dependent factor to enable
S. aureus binding to von Willebrand factor
Claes J1, Vanassche T1, Peetermans M1, Liesenborghs L1,
Missiakas D2, Schneewind O2, Heying R1,3, Hoylaerts MF1 and
Verhamme P1
1
Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of
Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium;
2
Department of Microbiology, University of Chicago, Chicago,
USA; 3Cardiovascular Developmental Biology, Department of
Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
Background: The most frequent pathogen causing life-threatening endovascular infections and infective endocarditis is Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Adhesion of S. aureus to blood vessels under shear
stress requires von Willebrand factor (VWF). Staphylococcal von
Willebrand factor-binding protein (vWbp) is a secreted protein that
interacts with VWF fibers, enabling flow-controlled bacterial adhesion
to endothelial cells and to subendothelial matrix via VWF. Surface
proteins of S. aureus are positioned in the bacterial cell wall by a mechanism that involves cleavage of a conserved Leu-Pro-X-Thr-Gly
(LPXTG) motif. A mutation in the srtA gene (surface protein sorting
A or sortase A) leads to a defect in the anchoring of about 20 S. aureus
surface proteins to the bacterial cell wall.
Aims: We hypothesized that in order for soluble vWbp to mediate bacterial adhesion to VWF, it has to interact simultaneously with VWF
and with S. aureus itself.
Methods: We measured the adhesion of S. aureus Newman (WT) and
mutants deficient in vWbp (vwb) or srtA (srtA) to VWF and vWbp
respectively, in a micro parallel flow chamber by perfusing fluorescently labeled bacteria over a glass surface coated with VWF, collagen or
vWbp. The contribution of exogenously produced vWbp added to the
medium was analyzed during shear-dependent S. aureus adhesion.
41
Results: We found that exogenously produced vWbp restored vwb

binding to VWF under shear stress. Likewise, compared to binding of
the WT strain, the vwb strain was able to adhere to coated vWbp under
shear stress, illustrating that both soluble and coated vWbp are able to
interact with a surface receptor on S. aureus. In addition, soluble
vWbp mediated S. aureus recruitment to glass-coated VWF. However,
the srtA strain revealed impaired adhesion to vWbp or to VWF in
flow.
Conclusion: We conclude that vWbp interacts both with sheared VWF
and with a srtA-dependent S. aureus surface protein, mediating
S. aureus binding to VWF. Further work will identify the srtA-dependent S. aureus protein.
AS114
Minimal tissue factor expression reduces bloodbrain
barrier permeability and susceptibility to neurological
symptoms in experimental cerebral malaria
Bracken T1,2, Smith C1,2, Cooper C1,2, Sarr D1,2 and Moore J1,2
1
Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases; 2Infectious
Disease, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
Background: Sequestration of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes in the brain results in a severe neurological syndrome termed
cerebral malaria (CM). Although inflammation, thrombosis and endothelial disruption are observed in CM, the extent to which coagulation
is responsible for disease is incompletely understood.
Aims: To assess the role of Tissue Factor (TF) in blood brain barrier
(BBB) disruption and the onset of neurological symptoms in experimental CM.
Methods: Mice transgenic for human TF expressed at 1% of the normal level (LTF/), mTF heterozygous littermates (LTF+/) and TFintact C57BL/6J (B6) mice were infected with Plasmodium berghei
ANKA, a CM-inducing murine malaria. Mice were monitored daily
for parasitemia and exhibition of neurological symptoms, and sacrificed between days 4 (ED4) and 6 (ED6) post-infection. TF procoagulant activity was measured in brains with a one-step clotting assay. To
assess the extent and location of BBB disruption, mice were injected
with Evans blue dye and intensity of brain staining was quantified.
Brain pathology was assessed in H&E-stained histological sections.
Results: The strains exhibited varying susceptibility to CM; 47% (B6),
100% (LTF+/) or 30% (LTF/) of mice succumbed to CM on
ED5, and 75% (B6) or 0% (LTF/) succumbed on ED6. TF activity
was elevated in brains of CM-positive (CM+) B6 (100-fold, ED5; 10fold, ED6), LTF+/ (1000-fold, ED5) and LTF/ (100-fold, ED5)
mice vs. those with uncomplicated malaria. Though extensive hemorrhage was seen in CM+ B6 and LTF+/ brain sections, minimal to no
hemorrhage was seen in brains of CM+ LTF/ mice. Extensive
Evans blue staining was seen in brains of CM+ B6 and LTF+/ mice;
however, CM+ LTF/ brains showed minimal, focal staining.
Conclusion: Increased TF activity in brains of CM+ mice and reduced
BBB permeability of LTF/ mice suggest TF is playing a significant
role in CM pathogenesis. Ongoing studies are assessing mechanisms
by which this occurs, with emphasis on thrombin-dependent PAR1
signaling.
42
ABSTRACTS
Endothelial cell wall + signaling

AS115
Engineering microvasculature and the organ-specific
vascular niche
Zheng Y
Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
The microvasculature defines the biological and physical characteristics of the surrounding tissue environment, and plays a role in the initiation and progression of many pathologies. Recapitulation of the
microvasculature and an organ-specific vascular niche in vitro can provide a platform to study complex vascular phenomena, and organ-specific functions. In this talk, I will first present our work on engineering
microvascular beds to uncover the biophysical requirements (flow and
geometry) for initiating systemic microvascular thrombosis. I will then
present our recent progress on reconstructing two specific vascular
niches in the kidney and the marrow respectively. To engineer a
human kidney microvascular niche, we developed methods to isolate
human kidney peritubular microvascular endothelial cells, and further
reconstruct human kidney microvessels. These human kidney microvessels have distinct structure and barrier function, and uniquely
respond to cyclosporine A, a calcineurin inhibitor, when compared to
other endothelial cells. Using our reconstructed marrow vascular
niche, we demonstrated that megakaryocytes, when embedded in the
matrix, migrated and differentiated towards the microvessel, penetrated the endothelial cells, and released the platelets into the circulation. Stromal cells in the matrix also interacted with microvessels
through physical contact as well as chemical modification of the endothelial cell phenotype, which lead to selective homing when hematopoietic cells including monocytes and HSCs were perfused through the
mcirovessels. Our work demonstrates that both intrinsic properties of
endothelial cells and their microenvironment are necessary to properly
recapitulate the organ-specific structure and function of microvascular
niches. These results provide evidence to support the broad potential
of our platform to elucidate the complexities of vascular biology and
pathophysiology in both a systemic and an organ-specific context.
AS116
Inhibition of RhoA-RHO kinase pathway attenuates
cocaine-induced microvascular endothelial cell
dysfunction: studies under static and shear flow
conditions
Pereira J1, Saez CG1, Pereira-Flores K1, Leguina A1, Fuentes E2,
n M2, Palomo I2 and Mezzano D1
Alarco
1
Department of Hematology-Oncology, Pontificia Universidad
lica De Chile, Santiago; 2Department of Clinical
Cato
Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health
Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
Background: Cocaine use is a strong risk factor for vascular ischemic
events. We have recently demonstrated that cocaine induces RhoA/
Rho kinase (ROCK) pathway activation (Blood 2012; 120:2177) and a
proadhesive phenotype in human umbilical endothelial cells under static conditions (Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2014:34:2439).
Aims: Since ROCK activation is dependent in part on the cell type, the
main aim of this work was to extend our studies to human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC) under static and also shear flow conditions.
Methods: Cultured HMVEC were supplemented for 5 h with cocaine
(10 lM) or vehicle and then co-cultured with platelets (static adhesion)
and immunostained for both, von Willebrand factor (VWF) and
GPIb. Experiments under flow conditions, were performed by perfusing calcein-labeled platelets over HMVEC monolayers cultured in a
microfluidic flow chamber (Bioflux 200, Fluxion Biosciences). All the
experiments were conducted in the presence or absence of Y-27632
(10 lM), which target the catalytic domain of ROCK.
Results: HMVEC exposed to cocaine expressed significantly higher
amount of VWF on the surface and adhered a larger number of platelets (13.3 1.9 vs. 5.5 1.5 platelets per cell, respectively;
P = 0.024), compared with vehicle under static conditions. These phenomena were inhibited significantly by Y-27632 (P < 0.05). Under
shear flow conditions, cocaine exposure of HMVEC resulted in 2.5fold increase in surface VWF (P < 0.05) as well as a 3-fold increase in
the number of platelets adhered and aggregated on the cell surface
with respect to the vehicle-treated cells (P < 0.001); platelet adhesion
was importantly reduced by co-incubation with Y-27632 (P < 0.01).
Conclusion: Our results show that in HMVEC cocaine induces a proadhesive phenotype particularly evident under shear flow condition.
The inhibition exerted by Y-27632 suggests that activation of RhoA/
ROCK pathway plays also a role in cocaine-induced microvascular
endothelial cell damage.
AS117
Mapping endothelial cell activation in the
cardiovascular target organs using ultra-sensitive
molecular magnetic resonance imaging
Gauberti M, Belli
ere J, de Lizarrondo SM and Vivien D
Serine Protease and Pathophysiology of the neurovascular unit,
Background: Endothelial activation is a hallmark of cardiovascular
diseases, acting either as a cause or a consequence of organ injury. In
particular, activated endothelial cells promote platelet activation and
subsequent thrombosis. To date, we lack suitable methods to measure
endothelial activation in vivo.
Aims: To develop a molecular imaging method to detect activated
endothelial cells in vivo.
Methods: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enhanced by a new formulation of microparticles of iron oxide targeted to activated endothelial cells.
Results: Thanks to the use of micron-sized superparamagnetic particles
targeted to activated endothelial cells and the optimizations performed, the sensitivity of the method was dramatically higher than
previously reported molecular MRI strategies. We were able, for the
first time, to reveal single activated vessels in all cardiovascular target
organs with an exceptional conspicuity. In clinically relevant contexts
in mice (including sepsis, acute and chronic kidney diseases, diabetes
mellitus and normal aging), we provided evidence that this method
allows detecting endothelial activation before any clinical manifestation of organ failure in the brain, kidney and heart with an exceptional
sensitivity. In particular, we demonstrated that diabetes mellitus
induces chronic endothelial cells activation in the kidney and heart vessels. Moreover, aged mice presented activated endothelial cells in the
kidneys and the cerebrovasculature.
Conclusion: These results demonstrate the feasibility of detecting silent
endothelial activation occurring in conditions associated with high cardiovascular risk using an ultra-sensitive molecular MRI approach.
This method allows taking a snapshot of the endothelial activation status in multiple organs at the same time and in a timely manner. Clinical translation of the present technology could help to identify and
treat patients at high risk of thrombotic complications.
ABSTRACTS
AS118
Regulation of stimulated and basal release of weibelpalade bodies by syntaxin-3 containing snarecomplexes
Schillemans M1, van Breevoort D1, Wahedi M1, Huveneers S2,
van den Biggelaar M1, Voorberg J1 and Bierings R1
1
Plasma Proteins; 2Molecular Cell Biology, Sanquin Blood
Supply, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Background: Endothelial cells contain unique secretory organelles,
Weibel-Palade bodies (WPBs), which contain a number of hemostatic,
angiogenic and inflammatory mediators. Their main component is the
hemostatic glycoprotein VWF. Several components that are critical
for regulated WPB exocytosis have been identified, including the small
GTPase Rab27A and its effector Slp4-a, but the mechanism remains
unclear. We have previously identified STXBP1 as an endogenous
Slp4-a binding partner involved in WPB release, along with the
SNARE proteins syntaxin-2 and -3.
Aims: In this study we investigated the possible role of syntaxin-2 and
-3 in WPB exocytosis.
Methods: Intracellular localization of syntaxins was characterized by
immunocytochemistry. Interactors of syntaxin-3 were identified by
mass spectrometry. Syntaxin-3 was depleted using RNA interference.
Results: Syntaxin-2 was primarily associated with the plasma membrane where it localized at VE-cadherin-based adherence junctions
and at integrin-based adhesions to the extracellular matrix. Interestingly, syntaxin-3 was primarily associated with WPBs. We mapped the
endothelial interaction partners of syntaxin-3 through an unbiased
mass spectrometry approach using pull downs of lentivirally expressed
mEGFP-syntaxin-3 with anti-GFP nanobeads. Among its interaction
partners are various SNAREs and associated proteins such as
STXBP2 and STXBP5, NSF, SNAP23 and a-SNAP, suggesting we
pulled down a SNARE complex and its regulatory machinery that are
involved in exocytosis. After silencing of syntaxin-3 expression, we
observed a decrease in basal (unstimulated) VWF secretion, which
amounts to a significantly increased intracellular VWF content. This
increase was related to a potentiation of Ca2+- as well as cAMP-mediated VWF secretion. When corrected for increased WPB content the
probability of stimulated release of a WPB was unaltered in the
absence of syntaxin-3.
Conclusion: Our data position syntaxin-3 as a WPB-linked SNAREprotein that regulates basal secretion of VWF.
FVIII
AS119
Regulation of factor VIII clearance: a multifactorial
process
Lillicrap D
Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queens University,
Kingston, Canada
The life cycle of factor VIII (FVIII) has been the subject of extensive
investigation over the past three decades. In 2014, after prolonged
debate, the predominant site of FVIII production was shown to be the
vascular endothelium. Similarly, the fate of FVIII after its circulatory
life span has been the focus of many studies. This information has
acquired increasing clinical relevance, with the current attention to
developing FVIII molecules with extended half-lives. The outcome of
clinical trials with the first generation of these altered FVIII proteins
has demonstrated that a half-life ceiling of ~1.5-fold, compared to the
wild type molecule, is consistently achieved. This, in turn, has been
demonstrated to represent the dominant effect of von Willebrand factor (VWF) on FVIII clearance. Thus, any extension of FVIII half-life
43
beyond 1.5-fold will need to overcome the regulatory influence of

VWF. The influence of VWF on plasma FVIII levels has also been
demonstrated in genome wide association studies.
Studies reported to date, indicate that the clearance of FVIII involves
several different cell surface receptors, on a number of different cell
types, and that FVIII is probably cleared both with and without
VWF. Initial findings relating to FVIII clearance demonstrated a role
for the low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1, LRP1. This
receptor is expressed on the surface of macrophages and has been
shown to bind to and clear both FVIII and VWF. Interestingly, the
clearance of these ligands is enhanced under conditions of shear, suggesting that conformational changes are required to facilitate receptor
interactions. Additional recent studies have focused on candidate
clearance receptors identified in the CHARGE GWAS meta-analysis.
These studies indicate that lectin and scavenger receptors expressed on
liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (e.g. CLEC4M and stabilin-2) also
contribute to the clearance of both VWF and FVIII.
AS120
Enhanced factor VIII gene therapy for hemophilia a
dogs with a novel Furin-evading factor VIII variant
Siner JI1, Samelson-Jones B1, Crudele JM2, Zhou S3, Merricks E4,
Nichols T4, Camire RM1 and Arruda VR1
1
Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, The Childrens Hospital of
Philadelphia; 2University of Pennsylvania; 3Childrens Hospital of
Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, Philadelphia; 4Pathology and
Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill,
USA
Background: Furin is an intracellular protein convertase system that is
vital in several biological processes including coagulation. In the development of B-domain deleted (BDD) Factor VIII (FVIII) for hemophilia A (HA) therapy, a short sequence containing a putative Furin
cleavage site was retained because it was assumed to be critical for
intracellular processing and secretion, though this has never been demonstrated.
Aims: To determine the role of Furin in FVIII biology and develop
improved therapeutics for HA.
Methods: We engineered a human FVIII variant where the Furin site
was deleted (FVIIIPF). FVIII levels were determined with clotting
assay and ELISA.
Results: FVIIIPF has both a 3-fold increased activity and secretion
from BHK stably cells compared with FVIIIBDD. Conversely, intracellular FVIIIPF was lower. We observed similar results using furinspecific inhibitors in BHK-FVIIIBDD producing cells. Importantly,
FVIIIPF levels were not affected by Furin inhibition. Furthermore,
FVIIIPF and FVIIIBDD secretion from LoVo cells, a human line
lacking functional Furin, were comparable. Infusions of recombinant
canine FVIIIPF protein corrected the phenotype in nave HA dogs.
Furthermore, AAV8 liver gene therapy with cFVIIIPF in HA dogs at
a log lower dose than previously used for cFVIIIBDD, resulted in
therapeutic cFVIII levels of 23%. Upon protein challenges, no
increased immunogenicity of cFVIIIPF was observed.
Conclusion: These in vitro and in vivo data suggest that Furin cleavage
hampers FVIII biological activity. Our novel variant, FVIIIPF, exhibits enhanced secretion primarily by bypassing Furin cleavage and does
not benefit from Furin inhibition. This variant exhibits improved hemostatic effects in both protein- and gene-based strategies. Thus these
strategies have a strong rationale for translation to HA therapy.
44
ABSTRACTS
AS121
Swapping C-domains between factor VIII and V reveals
a differential role of the two factor VIII C-domains in
von Willebrand factor binding and intracellular
trafficking to weibel-palade bodies in endothelial cells
Ebberink EH, Bouwens EAM, Boon-Spijker M, Bloem E,
Biggelaar MVd, Voorberg J, Meijer AB and Mertens K
Department of Plasma Proteins, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam,
The Netherlands
Background: We have previously shown that FVIII is co-targeted with
von Willebrand Factor (vWF) to the Weibel-Palade bodies (WPBs) in
blood outgrowth endothelial cells (BOECs), even when FVIII carries
mutations in the light chain (domains a3-A3-C1-C2) that are associated with defective vWF-binding. This raises the question whether
trafficking of FVIII is driven by multiple sites within FVIII, including
the C1C2 domains that are highly conserved in FV.
Aims: This study aims to dissect the role of individual FVIII Cdomains in co-trafficking with vWF.
Methods: BOECs were transduced with lentiviral vectors encoding FV,
YPF-tagged FVIII and FVIII/V-C1 and -C2 chimeras, and examined
by confocal microscopy and subcellular fractionation. The same proteins were produced in 293-cells for functional studies. Structural
implications of domain swaps were assessed by chemical foot printing
and mass spectrometry.
Results: In contrast to FVIII, FV did not display targeting to WPBs.
The FVIII/V-C1 and -C2 chimeras showed strongly reduced sorting to
WPBs, suggesting that targeting requires the FVIII C1C2 region. The
purified FVIII/V C1-chimera lacked any VWF binding. In FX activation studies, this chimera proved functionally normal, except for some
reduced affinity for FIXa. In contrast, FVIII/V-C2 proved similar to
wild-type FVIII. This demonstrates that C1, but not C2, supports
FVIII-specific functions such as assembly with vWF and FIXa. Footprinting analysis revealed that both chimeras were more efficiently
labelled than wild-type FVIII in their domain interfaces. These
included the A1/C2 and the C1/C2 interface, suggesting that both chimeras display increased C2-domain mobility.
Conclusion: C-domain swapping between FVIII and V has limited
effect on FVIII function, except for vWF binding. We propose that
the disordered C2-domain orientation disrupts the natural tandem of
the C-domain pair that is apparently required for co-trafficking with
vWF in BOECs.
Disclosure of Interest: None Declared.
AS122
A population approach to hemophilia
pharmacokinetics. Wapps: a web-service for bayesian
post hoc estimation
Iorio A1,2, Blanchette V3, Blatny J4, Collins P5, Croteau S6,
Dunn A7, Fischer K8, Hermans C9, Kavakli K10, Jackson S11,
James P12, Mammen S13, Morfini M14, Navarro-Ruan T15,
Neufeld EJ16, Ozelo M17, Radossi P18, Rangarajan S19, RuizS
aez A20, Teitel J21, Thabane L22,23, Young G24 and Xi M15
1
Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics; 2Department of
Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton; 3The Hospital for Sick
Children, Toronto, Canada; 4University Hospital Brno, Brno,
Czech Republic; 5Arthur Bloom Haemophilia Centre, University
Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK; 6Boston Children Hospital,
Boston; 7Nationwide Childrens Hospital, Columbus, USA;
8
Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht,
Utrecht, The Netherlands; 9Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc,
Brussels, Belgium; 10Department of Pediatric Hematology, Ege
University Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; 11St. Pauls Hospital,
Vancouver; 12South Eastern Ontario Regional Inherited Bleeding
Disorders Program, Kingston; 13McMaster University, Hamilton,
Canada; 14Associazione Italiana Centri Emofilia (AICE), Florence,
Italy; 15Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics,
McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; 16Division of
Hematology, Boston Childrens Hospital, Boston, USA;
17
Unidade de Hemofilia Cl
audio Luis Pizzigatti Corr^
ea, S~
ao
Paulo, Brazil; 18Hemophilia and Regional Blood Disease Centre
Hematology, Veneto, Italy; 19Southern Hemophilia Network,
Basingstoke, UK; 20Centro Nacional de Hemofilia, Caracas,
Venezuela; 21St. Michaels Hospital, Toronto; 22Medicine,
McMaster University; 23St Josephs Hospital, Hamilton, Canada;
24
Hematology/Oncology, Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, Los
Angeles, USA
Background: The efficacy of factor VIII and IX concentrates administered to prevent bleeding episodes in patients with hemophilia A and B
is correlated with the plasma levels measured over time after the infusion, reflecting the association between baseline factor level and spontaneous bleeding rate. The inter-patient variability of pharmacokinetic
(PK) parameters is large, and assessing individual PK profiles is difficult
due to the need for multiple samples. Population PK modeling provides
a solution to this problem, but introduces complexity in the estimation
process. The applicability of population PK modeling to factor concentrate administration in hemophilia patients has been repeatedly demonstrated, and some of the relevant covariates identified.
Aims: To develop a web accessible tool for reduced data individual PK
estimation in hemophilia (www.wapps-hemo.org)
Methods: The study protocol has been registered on clinicaltrial.gov
(NCT02061072) and waived the need for medical device exemption by
FDA. Individual PK estimates are performed with NONMEM (ICON
plc, Dublin, Ireland) and expert validated before release. The network
collectively owns the database, which is available for additional
research projects proposed and conducted by the members.
Results: We have developed a Web application allowing hemophilia
treaters to obtain individual PK estimates on 24 data points after one
or more infusions of any factor concentrate. Over 485 individual PK
assessments from independent researchers and factor concentrate
manufacturers have been used for modelling. The project is being
piloted within a research network of 24 centers. The software architecture development, its testing and the population PK model development phases have been completed. We are prospectively testing the
reliability of Bayesian PK post-hoc estimation and measuring its
impact on clinical practice.
Conclusion: WAPPS has been successfully implemented and is available for field clinical testing. Interested new centers are invited to join.
ABSTRACTS
Disclosure of Interest: A. Iorio Grant/Research Support from: Baxter,
Bayer, Biogen, Novo Nordisk, Pfiser, V. Blanchette: None Declared,
J. Blatny: None Declared, P. Collins: None Declared, S. Croteau:
None Declared, A. Dunn Consultant for: Baxter, Bayer, Biogen, CSL
Behring, K. Fischer: None Declared, C. Hermans: None Declared, K.
Kavakli: None Declared, S. Jackson: None Declared, P. James: None
Declared, S. Mammen: None Declared, M. Morfini: None Declared,
T. Navarro-Ruan: None Declared, E. Neufeld Grant/Research Support from: Baxter, Octapharma, Consultant for: Baxter, Bayer, Biogen, Novo Nordisk, Pfiser, M. Ozelo: None Declared, P. Radossi:
None Declared, S. Rangarajan: None Declared, A. Ruiz-Saez: None
Declared, J. Teitel: None Declared, L. Thabane Grant/Research Support from: Baxter, G. Young: None Declared, M. Xi: None Declared.
Platelet activation
AS123
Regulation of platelet membrane trafficking
Whiteheart S
Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky,
Lexington, USA
Activated platelets release hundreds of molecules that affect hemostasis, angiogenesis, inflammation, and wound healing. These molecules
are stored in three granule types: dense, alpha, and lysosomes, and
their release requires SNAREs (Soluble NSF Attachment Protein
Receptors). v-SNAREs/VAMPs, on granules, pair with heterodimeric
t-SNAREs (Syntaxins and SNAP-23/25s), on the plasma membrane,
to mediate membrane fusion. Using platelets from knockout mice and
from patients with Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis
(FHL), we are defining the platelet secretory machinery. Platelets from
patients lacking Syntaxin-11 show a robust loss of secretion from all
three granules. Deletion of VAMP-8, in mouse platelets, attenuates
release; however deletion of VAMP-2, -3, and -8 is required for robust
defects in hemostasis. SNARE regulators control where, when, and
how SNAREs interact. Munc18b is a Syntaxin-11 chaperone required
for secretion. Syntaxin Binding Protein 5/Tomosyn-1 regulates VAMP
access to t-SNARE heterodimers. Munc13-4 is a docking factor that is
especially important for dense granule release. SNARE post-translational modifications also affect function. Phosphorylation of SNAP-23
by IjB Kinase (IKK) controls SNARE complex formation and secretion. Acylation of SNAP-23 and Syntaxin-11 is critical for secretion.
From our studies of platelet SNAREs, we have gained insights into
other platelet membrane trafficking events, such as endocytosis.
VAMP-3, Syntaxin-2/4, as well as ADP-Ribosylation Factor 6 (Arf6),
contribute to fibrinogen uptake by circulating platelet. Interestingly,
platelet endocytosis is also important for platelet spreading and for
their response to certain Toll-like Receptor (TLR) agonists. Our studies of platelet secretion have led to a greater understanding of other
forms of membrane trafficking in platelets and have suggested how
these dynamic processes contribute to platelet function in circulation.
Supported by NIH grant HL56652.
45
AS124
Impaired nuclear accumulation and DNA binding of
two FLI1 variants results in abnormally large platelet
alpha granules and a reduction in platelet dense
granule number
Leo VC1, Wagner BE2, Nicholson-Goult LJ2, Makris M1,
Watson SP3, Daly ME1 and on behalf of the UK GAPP Study
Group
1
Cardiovascular Science, University of Sheffield; 2Histopathology,
Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield; 3Centre for Cardiovascular
Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
Background: FLI1 is a transcription factor that is required for megakaryopoiesis. Patients with Paris-Trousseau Syndrome (PTS), who are
hemizygous for FLI1, have an increased bleeding tendency, which is
characterised by the presence, in platelets, of giant a-granules. We
recently identified two mutations, p.R337W and p.Y343C, affecting
residues in the DNA binding domain of FLI1 in members of two families with a bleeding diathesis, and reduced dense granule secretion and
showed that they abolished transcriptional activity of FLI1.
Aims: To further characterise the effects of the R337W and Y343C
variants on FLI1 function and granule morphology.
Methods: Electron microscopic (EM) analysis of platelets from heterozygous carriers of the FLI1 defects was used to assess granule morphology. The effect of the variants on nuclear accumulation and
DNA-binding was investigated by fluorescence microscopy and electrophoretic mobility shift assay, respectively, following transfection in
Hek293 cells.
Results: EM analysis of platelets from patients with the FLI1 defects
revealed the presence of giant a-granules in 15% of sections examined
and a 50% reduction in dense granule number. The R337W variant
showed a 36% reduction in nuclear accumulation (P < 0.0001) compared with wild-type FLI1, while a reduction of over 80% in nuclear
staining was observed for the Y343C variant (P < 0.0001). Compared
to WT FLI1, and after correction for the amount of FLI1 in the
nucleus, the R337W variant showed a 50% reduction in DNA-binding
(P < 0.05), while binding of the Y343C variant was unaffected.
Conclusion: The loss in transcriptional activity of the R337W variant is
due to the combined reduction in nuclear accumulation and DNAbinding capacity, while the Y343C variant fails to activate transcription as a result of impaired nuclear translocation. The presence of
giant a-granules in platelets from patients with the R337W and Y343C
variants suggests that loss of FLI1 is the underlying cause of the
abnormal a-granule morphology in patients with PTS.
AS125
Dysregulation of pldn (Pallidin) as a mechanism for
platelet dense granule deficiency in RUNX1
haplodeficiency
Mao G1, Fan C1, Jalagadugula G1, Freishtat R2 and Koneti Rao A3
1
Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center, Temple University
School of Medicine, Philadelphia; 2Department of Pediatrics,
Childrens National Medical Center, Washington, DC; 3Sol Sherry
Thrombosis Research and Department of Medicine, Temple
University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA
Background: RUNX1 haplodeficiency is associated with thrombocytopenia and platelet dysfunction. Dense granule (DG) deficiency is
reported in patients with RUNX1 haplodeficiency, but mechanisms
are unknown. Platelet mRNA expression profiling in our patient with
RUNX1 mutation showed downregulation of several genes (Sun et al.
2007 JTH 5: 146154), including PLDN (fold change 0.239, P = 0.029;
validated by qPCR). PLDN encodes for pallidin, a subunit of BLOC-1
46
ABSTRACTS
(biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex-1) involved in

granule/vesicle biogenesis. Pallid mice missing pldn and patients with
PLDN mutations have DG deficiency.
Aims: We postulated that PLDN is a RUNX1 target and that its
decreased expression contributes to the platelet DG deficiency in
RUNX1 haplodeficiency.
Methods: We studied RUNX1 regulation of PLDN in PMA (phorbol
ester)-treated human erythroleukemia (HEL) cells. RUNX1 binding
to PLDN was studied using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)
and EMSA using HEL cell nuclear extracts. Luciferase reporter assays
were performed.
Results: There are 6 RUNX1 consensus binding sites in 2288 bp of
PLDN1 50 upstream region. ChIP assay showed RUNX1 binding to
PLDN chromatin at regions encompassing RUNX1 binding sites 1
(184/179 bp), 2 (246/241 bp), 3 (1370/1365 bp), 4 (1689/
1684 bp), 5 (2065/2060 bp), and 6 (2242/2237 bp). EMSA
showed RUNX1 binding to all 6 sites. In luciferase reporter studies
using constructs with 2288 bp of PLDN promoter, mutation individually of RUNX1 sites 16, except site 5, reduced activity by 6070%.
RUNX1 downregulation with siRNA decreased RUNX1 and PLDN
protein expression. RUNX1 over-expression enhanced PLDN1 promoter activity and protein. Syntaxin-13, a t-SNARE, is a binding partner of PLDN; consistent with this, RUNX1 over-expression increased
syntaxin-13 with increase in PLDN.
Conclusion: PLDN1 is direct target of RUNX1. These studies provide
a potential mechanism for platelet dense granule deficiency in patients
with RUNX1 mutations.
AS126
Granuphilin (synaptotagmin-like protein 4, SLP4)
regulates platelet dense granule secretion and
aggregation
Golebiewska EM1, Williams CM2, Izumi T3 and Poole AW2
1
Department of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine, University of
Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan; 2School of Physiology and
Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; 3Department of
Molecular Medicine, University of Gunma, Maebashi, Japan
Background: An increase in cytosolic calcium (Ca2+) is a key signal
contributing to platelet activation, yet the molecular mechanism by
which it regulates secretion is unknown. Munc13-4, with two Ca2+binding C2 domains, may play a role as a Ca2+ sensor in platelets, but
residual granule secretion present in Munc13-4/ platelets suggests a
secondary mechanism. Granuphilin (SLP4), another protein with
Ca2+ sensing C2 domains, was recently shown to contribute to Ca2+dependent secretion in a permeabilized platelet system. It was now
important to determine its molecular role in regulating platelet secretion and function in response to agonist stimulation.
Aims: To characterize the role of granuphilin in platelets.
Methods: Granuphilin global knockout mice (Slp4/) were used for
analysis of platelet granule secretion and function. Interactions with
SNAREs were identified in human platelets.
Results: We found an activation-independent granuphilin-syntaxin 11
interaction and confirmed an interaction with Rab8 also to be activation independent. Slp4/ platelets had a significant defect in 5-HT
secretion in response to intermediate concentrations of thrombin while
dense granule 5-HT loading was found to be the same between genotypes. Aggregation in response to the same concentrations of thrombin
was also significantly reduced in Slp4/, while integrin activation
remained unchanged. P-selectin expression (a-granule marker) in
response to thrombin was not affected. The levels of expression of critical SNAREs were not affected in Slp4/ platelets, confirming granuphilin deletion as the primary cause of the defects.
Conclusion: Granuphilin is specifically involved in dense granule secretion and in turn in platelet aggregation. This is in line with the potent
role of the dense granule cargo ADP in augmenting platelet function.
Better understanding of the mechanisms regulating dense granule
secretion is important to develop successful antithrombotics without
the detrimental side effects of current potent P2Y12 inhibitors.
Platelet function testing assays

AS127
Can platelet function testing tell whether your patient
will bleed or thrombose?
Lordkipanidze M1,2
1
Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute; 2Facult
e de
pharmacie, Universit
e De Montr
eal, Montreal, Canada
Most platelet function assays have been developed for the diagnosis
and management of patients presenting with bleeding rather than
thrombosis. Notwithstanding, platelet function assays are increasingly
being used for monitoring of the efficacy of antiplatelet drugs, with the
aim of predicting which patients are likely to present with recurrent
thrombotic complications or bleeding. Although current guidelines
advise against routine monitoring of antiplatelet therapy, there is
increasing evidence that platelet function assay results do indeed correlate with clinical outcomes in patients on dual antiplatelet therapy.
Whether platelet function assessment provides simply a marker of
worse prognosis or is a modifiable risk factor is a matter of debate.
Numerous pharmacological studies support the benefit of adjusting
antiplatelet therapy based on platelet function assays. However, several large randomized clinical trials have resulted in disappointment as
platelet function assay-based individualization of therapy was not
shown to be superior to standard therapy. This is in stark contrast to
smaller studies of tailored antiplatelet therapy, where intensifying antiplatelet therapy in patients with insufficient platelet inhibition has
resulted in fewer ischemic events, with no excess of bleeding complications. In the context of more potent antiplatelet agents clinically recommended as first-line therapy, the question of utility of platelet
function testing is evermore present, with advocates of testing promoting tailoring of the intensity of antiplatelet therapy to individual
patient needs, while opponents question the clinical benefits and economic value of such approaches. In this presentation, the pros and
cons of platelet function testing as a predictor of future clinical events
will be reviewed.
AS128
Uncovering genetic networks underlying platelet
response to thienopyridines by exome sequencing of
clopidogrel-treated patients exhibiting extreme
platelet reactivity
Reny J-L1, Stevenson B2, Ibberson M2, Daali Y1, Docquier M1,
Xenarios I2, Fontana P1 and on behalf of Geneva Platelet Group
1
Geneva University, Geneva; 2Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics,
Lausanne, Switzerland
Background: Platelet reactivity (PR) in patients treated with clopidogrel or other P2Y12 inhibitors is variable and prognostic of clinical
events. The genetic determinants of this PR phenotype play an important role (heritability, h2 = 0.73) but previous GWAS approaches have
identified just a few variants, explaining only 512% of PR variability.
ABSTRACTS
New approaches, relying on additional genetic information, may identify an enlarged set of genes and pathways involved in PR.
Aims: To use whole exome sequencing (WES) to identify genomic variants that contribute to the variability of PR observed in response to
clopidogrel treatment.
Methods: Ninty-six extreme PR phenotype patients adjusted for relevant clinical factors were selected from a cohort of 534 clopidogreltreated patients (low PR with VASP = 26% vs. high PR with
VASP = 77%). Compliance to clopidogrel was confirmed by the quantification of clopidogrel carboxylic acid in the serum. Average coverage of the exome bait region was 70-fold, with more than 98% of
bases having at least 109 read-depth coverage.
Results: The exome analysis of 48 LPR vs. 48 HPR samples yielded
585 variants in 418 genes with a different frequency between LPR and
HPR patients (adjusted P < 0.05). Principal component analysis
showed complete discrimination of the two extreme PR groups, which
was not dependent on the known CYP2C19*2 variant. A discriminant
analysis of principal components showed that a minimum number of
130 variants were required to distinguish the two groups, and constituted a nominal gene-set for cross-validation. A pathway analysis of
the top 130 variants revealed several genes involved in drug/xenobiotic
metabolism. Additional variants of potential interest include those
involved in actin cytoskeleton and also in in peroxisome transport
function, lipid metabolism and ATPase activity
Conclusion: Our WES approach identified new candidate genes and
pathways to further explain the high variability of the response to
clopidogrel.
AS129
Development of a small volume, whole blood, platelet
function assay to assess neonatal platelet adhesion,
activation, and aggregation
Baker-Groberg S1, Haley K2, Dovlatova N3, Recht M2 and
McCarty OJ1
1
Biomedical Engineering; 2Oregon Health & Science University,
Portland, USA; 3The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
Background: Neonatal platelets are considered hypofunctional compared to adult platelets. Current platelet function assays require large
volumes of blood and are unreliable. The lack of functional assays that
can be used with neonates hinders the evaluation of platelets in this
population as well as the understanding of physiological differences
between neonatal and adult platelets.
Aims: To develop a small volume, whole blood assay to evaluate neonatal platelet adhesion, activation, and aggregation.
Methods: To assess platelet activation, citrated whole blood was incubated with a P-selectin antibody and the platelet agonists TRAP-6,
ADP, U46619, collagen-related peptide, epinephrine, or ristocetin. To
evaluate platelet aggregation, citrated blood was divided, incubated
with a FITC- or eFluor450-CD31 antibody, combined, and exposed to
agonists. Double-labeled events and P-selectin expression were
assessed with FACS. To assess static adhesion, citrated blood was
exposed to agonists and incubated on VWF- or collagen-coated surfaces. To assess aggregation under shear, recalcified or citrated blood
was perfused through collagen- or VWF-coated l-chambers at 200 or
1500 s1. In select studies, blood was pre-incubated with a GPIIb/IIIa
inhibitor or a GPIb blocking antibody.
Results: We first established the parameters for adult platelet function
in response to a range of agonist concentrations. GPIIb/IIIa inhibition
resulted in no platelet aggregation in response to all agonists except
ristocetin and only a platelet monolayer on VWF and collagen surfaces. Blocking GPIb did not affect aggregation but eliminated ristocetin-induced agglutination. The assays performed require no more than
1 mL of blood as opposed to conventional platelet assays that require
up to 20 mL.
47
Conclusion: We have developed a series of platelet function assays that

evaluate platelet adhesion, activation, and aggregation. This assay will
be integral in fully defining the functional phenotype of neonatal platelets in order to guide clinical practice.
AS130
Platelet aggregation assays do not reliably diagnose
platelet storage pool deficiency
Yoxtheimer L1, Smith MR2 and Gunning WT1
1
Pathology; 2Pathology and Medicine, University of Toledo,
Toledo, USA
Background: Patients presenting with a significant variety of mucocutaneous bleeding symptoms including easy bruising, frequent epistaxis,
bleeding gums upon tooth brushing and for women, heavy menstrual
bleeding, are symptoms suggestive of a platelet disorder. Staple laboratory assays to evaluate platelet function include the Platelet Function
Analyzer (PFA) and platelet aggregation analyses; both are known to
have a number of limitations. Platelet storage pool deficiency (SPD) is
a disorder related to decreased numbers of platelet granules. Platelet dSPD has been reported to have a decreased response to low levels of
the agonist ADP in the second wave of light transmittance with platelet aggregometers or decreased ADP secretion by fluorescence luminometry. Two reports have described normal aggregation assays in
2023% of patients having d-SPD; these studies investigated only the
response to the agonist ADP.
Aims: The purpose of our study was intended to evaluate laboratory
aggregation test results for five agonists in patients diagnosed with
platelet delta granule storage pool deficiency.
Methods: Platelet (PL) dense granules (DG) were enumerated using
established electron microscopy protocols. Cases were also evaluated
by light transmittance aggregometry using five agonists: ADP, epinephrine, collagen, arachidonic acid, and ristocetin. ADP was used at
two concentrations. To date we have included 120 patients having dSPD. Our protocol conforms to institutional review board standards.
Results: Our patients had a mean of 2.90 0.15 DG/PL (normal = 4
6 DG/PL). 27.5% of our patients were found to have normal aggregation assays for all five agonists. Response to epinephrine was abnormal
in 69.2% of our patients; ADP was also frequent at 59.2%. Ricstocetin
was abnormal in 15.8% and collagen and arachidonic acid abnormalities were less frequent at 10% and 11.7% respectfully.
Conclusion: These data suggest that platelet d-storage pool deficiency
may not be diagnosed if relying upon light transmittance aggregometry.
Assay challenges
AS131
Laboratory diagnosis of VWD
Flood VH
Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA
Von Willebrand disease (VWD), the most common inherited bleeding
disorder, is a commonly considered clinical diagnosis, and as such
requires accurate and efficient diagnostic testing. Unfortunately, given
the complexity of von Willebrand factor (VWF), such testing does not
at present exist. Total levels of VWF protein can be measured easily
by the VWF antigen, but antigen levels give no insight into VWF function. The ristocetin cofactor assay, a surrogate for VWF-platelet GPIb
interactions, is commonly used to measure VWF function in terms of
platelet binding, but suffers from high variability and lack of physio-
48
ABSTRACTS
logic relevance. Novel assays of VWF function, such as direct GPIb

binding assays using gain-of-function VWF, are a promising replacement. Factor VIII levels should be measured in workup of VWD, since
VWF serves as the carrier protein for factor VIII and this function can
be affected in some types of VWD. Another function of VWF is to
bind exposed collagen at sites of injury; this function can be measured
by collagen binding assays but is not always performed in initial VWD
workup. In addition, collagen binding studies are complicated by the
fact that multiple vascular collagens exist, and VWD variants may differentially affect VWF-collagen interactions. The ability of VWF to
multimerize is critical to its function in hemostasis. This function can
be measured by either agarose gel electrophoresis to examine multimer
distribution or by sensitive collagen binding assays. Genetic analysis is
becoming more frequent, and sequence variations in specific VWF
domains link to specific types of VWD, particularly for the type 2 variants. The highly polymorphic nature of VWF, however, precludes easy
interpretation of novel variants. Large deletions have also been found
in types 1 and 3 VWD, and may not be readily found by standard
sequencing techniques. Advances in VWF testing will bring clarity to
the challenging diagnosis of VWD.
AS132
Validation of a next generation DNA sequencing panel
for haemostatic and platelet disorders
Goodeve A and Beauchamp NJ
Sheffield Diagnostic Genetics Service, Sheffield Childrens NHS
Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
Background: Next Generation sequencing (NGS) is transforming the
delivery of diagnostic molecular genetics. Gene panels are being utilised to analyse groups of related disorders and to extend diagnostic
capability in comparison with previous Sanger sequencing.
Aims: To develop and validate a gene panel for diagnostic/research
NGS analysis of haemostatic and platelet disorders.
Methods: SureDesign software (Agilent), genome browsers and locusspecific mutation databases were used to select clinically relevant areas
of each gene and to design 120mer biotinylated cRNA baits for the larger haemostatic and platelet genes: ADAMTS13, F5, F8, F9, F13A1,
F13B, FGA, FGB, FGG, ITGA2B, ITGB3, MYH9 and VWF. F9 was
included for patients where haemophilia type is unclear. Eleven
patients DNA was re-analysed using NGS following written informed
consent. 116 variants were identified/gene. Only genes associated with
each patients disorder were analysed.
Results: All 52 variants previously identified by Sanger sequencing in
the 11 individuals analysed were confirmed by NGS. Sequence coverage of regions of interest was 30 fold. Of eight variants in the VWF
pseudogene region, all were identified with no pseudogene detection.
The panel is now available for diagnostic and research analysis, with
an 8 week turnaround time. For routine analysis, polymorphic single
nucleotide variants (SNV) are removed by the NGS data analysis pipeline, so only those not previously seen or are likely to be pathogenic
are observed in result data.
Conclusion: NGS analysis provides a single laboratory workflow for
analysis of gene panels for related disorders as well as for whole genomes and exomes. Data analysis can include a single gene, such as
ADAMTS13, or 1 gene for disorders such as those affecting fibrinogen. Data interrogation can also include analysis of more than one
gene, e.g. for patients where defects in VWF or in F8 may be responsible for reduced FVIII:C level without any further laboratory analysis.
AS133
Comparative analysis of standard and new von
Willebrand assays in a well typed cohort of patients
with von Willebrand disease
Vangenechten I1, Mayger K2, Smejkal P3, Zapletal O4,
Michiels JJ5, Moore G2 and Gadisseur A1
1
Haemostasis Research Unit, Department of Haematology,
Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium; 2Diagnostic
Haemostasis & Thrombosis Laboratory, Viapath LLP, St. Thomas
Hospital, London, UK; 3Department of Clinical Hematology;
4
Department of Paediatric Haematology, University Hospital
Brno, Brno, Czech Republic; 5Blood Coagulation & Vascular
Medicine Center, Goodheart Institute, Rotterdam, The
Netherlands
Background: Von Willebrand Disease (VWD) is an inherited bleeding
disorder caused by a quantitative (type 1 and 3) or qualitative (type 2)
defect of von Willebrand factor (VWF). VWF:Activity/VWF:Ag
ratios are used to distinguish type 1 from type 2.
Aims: To compare 3 different automated VWF activity assays.
Methods: BCVWF:RCo (Siemens), HemosILVWF:RCo (Instrumentation Laboratory IL) and InnovanceVWF:Ac (Siemens) assays were
done on 186 samples of well typed VWD (incl. VWF multimer and
genetic VWF analysis) patients. By. VWF:Ag was measured by HemosILVWF:Ag (IL).
Results: Comparing HemosIL and Innovance values (using a ratio
0.761.25 as denoting identical) 146/186 samples were comparable, 22/
186 higher with Innovance and 18/186 higher with HemosIL. The
VWF:Act/VWF:Ag ratios with the 3 kits were significantly different
with HemosIL/VWF:Ag> Innovance/VWF:Ag > BCVWF:RCo/
VWF:Ag. For a cut-off ratio of < 0.7 for type 2 VWD a sensitivity of
98% with a specificity of 49% was found for BCVWF:RCo/VWF:Ag
ratio. Only 1 type 2 sample, a type 2B, had a ratio of > 0.7, while 51%
of all type 1 samples were misclassified as type 2. The HemosIL/VWF:
Ag ratio had a sensitivity of 88% with a specificity of 91% for type 2.
Using this ratio 6/48 type 2, all 2A/IIE (6/21), were missed. The Innovance/VWF:Ag ratio had a sensitivity of 96% with a specificity of
81%. 2/48 type 2 (2/21 type 2A/IIE) were wrongly classified as type 1.
Conclusion: In a well typed cohort of VWD patients clear differences
were noted between the 3 assays for VWF:Act, which become more
relevant when comparing the VWF:Act/VWF:Ag ratio. The BCVWF:
RCo/VWF:Ag ratio has the highest sensitivity for type 2 VWD but a
very low specificity. The other tests showed lower sensitivity with
improved specificity, with InnovanceVWF:Ac/VWF:Ag providing the
best balance. Interestingly, all missed cases of type 2 VWD with HemosILVWF:RCo and InnovanceVWF:Ac were type 2A/IIE (mutation
D3 domain) while 2A/IIA were all picked up.
ABSTRACTS
AS134
ELISA-based assessment of excessive von Willebrand
factor proteolysis
Rauch A1,2, Caron C1, Jeanpierre E1, Hermoire S1, Fressinaud E3,
Boisseau P4, Veyradier A5,6, Ung A1, Belle EV2,7, Vincentelli A2,8,
Ternisien C9, Goudemand J1,2, Susen S1,2 and on behalf of French
Reference Center for VWD
1
Hematologie Transfusion, CHU Lille; 2INSERM UMR 1011,
Universite Lille 2, Institut Pasteur de Lille; EGID, LILLE; 3INSERM
U.1176, LE KREMLIN BICETRE; 4Laboratoire de g
en
etique
ematologie Biologique,
moleculaire, CHU Nantes, NANTES; 5H
e Paris 7, PARIS; 7Cardiologie;
AP-HP Lariboisiere; 6Universit
8
Chirurgie Cardiaque, CHU Lille, LILLE; 9H
ematologie
Biologique, CHU Nantes, NANTES, France
Background: Von Willebrand disease-type 2A (VWD-2A) and
acquired von Willebrand syndrome (AVWS) secondary to aortic stenosis (AS) or left ventricular assist device (LVAD) therapy are associated with an increased proteolysis of VWF. Electrophoresis-based
assays represent currently the most sensitive tools to assess such
increased VWF proteolysis. However, they have drawbacks impeding
their large diffusion among laboratories, making thus challenging an
early diagnosis and potentially differing appropriate medical care
Aims: To develop and evaluate an ELISA for the diagnosis of constitutive or acquired VWD associated with increased VWF proteolysis.
Methods: Our ELISA was assessed successively on samples obtained
after perfusing whole blood from healthy donors in a HeartMate-II
(HM-II) LVAD mock circulatory loop model, in VWD-patients
selected from the french cohort multicentric database CRMW (n = 91;
detail: VWD-2A(IIA), n = 30; VWD-2B, n = 25; VWD-2A(IIE),
n = 20; VWD-2M, n = 14, VWD-3, n = 2), in AVWS-patients (n = 27;
detail: AS-patients, n = 11; HM-II patients, n = 9; and MGUS IgG patients, n = 7) and in healthy subjects used as controls (n = 33).
VWF proteolysis rate was expressed as a relative percentage with a
standard of partially proteolyzed VWF specifically developed for this
purpose.
Results: A speed-dependent increase of VWF proteolysis was assessed
by ELISA after perfusing whole blood in the LVAD-model in-vitro. In
VWD-patients, VWF proteolysis rate was significantly increased in
VWD-2A(IIA) and VWD-2B, and significantly decreased in VWD-2A
(IIE) vs. controls (P < 0.0001). In AVWS-patients, VWF proteolysis
was significantly increased in AS- and LVAD-patients compared to
controls (P < 0.0001) and no detectable in MGUS-IgG patients. A significant increase in VWF proteolysis was detected as soon as 3 h after
LVAD implantation vs. pre-implantation values (P < 0.01).
Conclusion: Our ELISA might represent an helpful tool for the diagnosis and management of constitutive or acquired VWD secondary to
increased VWF proteolysis.
49
Therapeutic management of venous

thrombosis
AS136
Additional catheter-directed thrombolysis for high
proximal deep vein thrombosis; 5 year results of a
randomized controlled trial (the CaVenT study)
Haig Y1,2, Enden T1,3, Grtta O1,2, Klw N-E1,2, Slagsvold CE4,
Ghanima W2,5, Holme PA2,3, Sandset PM2,3 and on behalf of
CaVenT Study Group
1
Radiology, Oslo University Hospital; 2Institute of Clinical
Medicine, University of Oslo; 3Haematology; 4Vascular Surgery,
Oslo University Hospital, Oslo; 5Internal Medicine, stfold
Hospital Trust, Fredrikstad, Norway
Background: Despite treatment according to current guidelines, acute
deep vein thrombosis (DVT) affecting the upper femoral vein and/or
the iliac vein is associated with a high risk of post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS). Additional treatment with catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) enhances clot removal and seems to preserve venous
competence, reduce venous obstruction, and the risk of PTS. The CaVenT study is the first multi-center RCT to evaluate long-term clinical
efficacy of additional CDT compared to standard treatment alone. We
have reported that CDT reduced the frequency of PTS from 56% to
41% after 24 months follow-up (Enden et al., Lancet 2012; 379: 31
8).
Aims: To examine whether additional CDT reduces the frequency of
PTS after 60 months following a high proximal DVT.
Methods: Patients with a first-time objectively verified DVT affecting
the upper femoral vein and/or iliac vein were randomized to receive
conventional therapy alone or to additional CDT. The frequency of
PTS at 60 m follow-up was assessed with the Villalta scale. The study
was approved by the regional ethical committee and written informed
consent was obtained from all patients.
Results: A total of 209 patients were randomized during 20062009.
Mean age was 51.6 years (SD 16.8 years), 66 (38%) were females, and
mean duration of symptoms was 6.5 days (SD 16.8 days). 87 (49.4%)
had involvement of the pelvic veins. After 60 months follow-up data
on clinical status was available for 176 patients (89 controls, 87 CDT).
Preliminary data showed that 37 patients (43%; 95% CI 3353%) allocated additional CDT had PTS compared to 63 (71%; 95% CI 61
79%) in the control group (P < 0.001), including 4 in the CDT group
and 1 in the control group with severe PTS. The absolute risk reduction for PTS was 28% (95% CI 1442%). The number needed to treat
was 4 (95% CI 27).
Conclusion: Follow-up after 60 months showed an additional benefit
of CDT. From the primary follow-up after 24 months, the frequency
of PTS increased 1.4% in the CDT group and 15.2% among the controls.
50
ABSTRACTS
AS137
Anticoagulant therapy for symptomatic distal deep
vein thrombosis: the cactus randomized placebocontrolled trial
1
AS138
Statin use and risk of recurrent venous thrombosis:
results from the mega follow-up study
5
Righini M , Galanaud J-P , Guenneguez H , Brisot D , Diard A ,

Faisse P6, Barrelier M-T7, Desnos CH7, Jurus C8, Pichot O9,
Martin M10, Mazzolai L11, Choquenet C12, Accassat S13,
Carrier M14, Gal GL14, Mermillod B1, Laroche J-P2,
er
e I2
Bounameaux H1, Perrier A15, Kahn S16 and Qu
1
Angiology and Hemostasis, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva,
Switzerland; 2Clinical Investigation Centre and Department of
Internal Medicine, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier;
3
Vascular Medicine, Montpellier University Hospital, St Aubin su
Scie; 4Internal Medicine, Montpellier University Hospital,
Montpellier; 5Vascular Medicine, Montpellier University
Hospital, Langoiran; 6Vascular Medicine, Montpellier University
Hospital, Ales; 7Vascular Medicine Unit, Caen University
Hospital, Caen; 8Vascular Medicine Unit, Clinique du Tonkin,
Villeurbanne; 9Vascular Medicine, Montpellier University
Hospital, Grenoble, 10Vascular Medicine, Montpellier University
Hospital, Annecy, France, 11Angiolgy Unit, Lausanne University
Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland, 12Vascular Medicine,
Montpellier University Hospital, Le Robert, 13Clinical
Investigation Center, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, SaintEtienne, France, 14Ottawa Health Research Institute, Ottawa
University Hospital, Ottawa, Canada, 15General Internal
Medicin, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland,
16
Department of Medicine and Lady Davis Institute, Jewish
General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
Background: There is uncertainty around the need to treat patients
with a distal deep vein thrombosis (DVT) with anticoagulant therapy.
We designed a randomized placebo-controlled superiority trial of therapeutic doses of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) vs. placebo.
Aims: We aimed to assess the superiority of full anticoagulation vs.
placebo for distal DVT treatment.
Methods: Patients diagnosed with a first distal DVT were randomized
via an electronic platform to receive subcutaneous injection of nadroparin (170 UI kg1) once-daily or placebo for 42 days. The primary
outcome was the rate of blindly adjudicated symptomatic proximal
DVT or pulmonary embolism (PE) at 42 days.
Results: A total of 259 patients (male 51%, mean age
52.8 16.7 years) were included. 126 were assigned to nadroparin
and 133 to placebo. 4 patients withdrew consent (2 in each arm), and 3
were lost to follow-up (1 in the placebo arm and 2 in the nadroparin
arm). In the intention-to-treat analysis at day-42, the primary outcome
occurred in 7 patients in the placebo arm, and in 4 patients in the nadroparin arm: 7/130, 5.4% vs. 4/122, 3.3%, absolute difference 2.1%
(95% CI 7.8 to 3.5), chi2 test P value 0.54. There were 5 major or
clinically relevant non-major bleeds, all in the nadroparin arm: 5/130,
4.1% vs. 0/122, 0.0% in the placebo arm, Fisher test P-value 0.03. In
the per-protocol analysis at day-42, the primary outcome occurred in 7
patients in the placebo arm and in 4 patients in the nadroparin arm: 7/
125, 5.6% vs. 4/111, 3.6%, absolute difference 2.0% (95% CI 7.9
to 4), Fisher test P-value 0.55.
Conclusion: In this first placebo-controlled randomized trial of fulldose anticoagulation for distal DVT, there was no statistically significant difference between groups in the risk of symptomatic proximal
DVT or PE at day-42. The use of full-dose anticoagulation was associated with a significant increased risk of bleeding.
Lijfering W1, Braekkan S2, Caram-Deeelder C1, Siegerink B1, van

Hylckama Vlieg A1, le Cessie S1, Rosendaal F1 and Cannegieter S1
1
LUMC, Leiden, The Netherlands; 2The Arctic University of
Norway, Tromso, Norway
Background: Whether statin use after a first venous thrombosis reduces
the risk of recurrence is uncertain.
Aims: We examined the risk of recurrent venous thrombosis in statin
users vs. non-users.
Methods: Patients with a first venous thrombosis, who did not use statins prior to study inclusion (i.e. at time of first venous thrombosis),
were selected from the MEGA follow-up study. Information on statin
use was obtained by linkage to the Dutch Foundation for Pharmaceutical Statistics register. Linkage with this register was successful in
54% of all patients (n = 2547) of whom 2394 patients did not use statin prior to baseline. Cox-regression models with statin-exposure as a
time-dependent variable were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) with
95% confidence intervals (CI95) for risk of recurrence. Adjustments
were conducted using a multivariable model and a propensity score
model.
Results: During a mean follow-up of 5.2 years, statin therapy was initiated in 233 (9.7%) patients. There were 347 definite recurrent venous
thrombotic events, of which 16 occurred among statin users. Statin use
was associated with 24% reduced risk of recurrence (HR 0.76, CI 95%
0.461.26) after adjustments for age and sex; with 18% reduced risk
after multivariable adjustments (HR 0.82, CI 95% 0.521.31); and
11% reduced risk when adjustment for confounding was done using
propensity score matching (HR 0.89, CI 95% 0.531.51). Statin use
had no effect on recurrence in patients with an unprovoked first event
(multivariable HR 1.04, CI 95% 0.561.92).
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that statins have a modest effect on
the risk of recurrent venous thrombosis, of a magnitude that is unlikely to lead to clinical utility. While we took particular care to minimize bias and confounding, the causality of the association is still
unsettled.
AS139
Long-term follow-up of a prospective cohort of
unprovoked venous thromboembolism (VTE) patients
off anticoagulants-risk stratification evaluation
(REVERSE)
Rodger MA1, Kovacs M2, Gal GL1, Scarvelis D3, Kahn SR4,
Anderson D5 and on behalf of Reverse Investigators
1
Medicine, Ottawa Health Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario;
2
Hematology, London Health Sciences Center, London, Ontario;
3
Medicine, Ottawa Helath Reserach Institute, Ottawa, Ontario;
4
Medicine, Lady Davis Research Institute, Montreal, PQ;
5
Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
Background: To continue oral anticoagulants (OAC) after short-term
therapy for unprovoked VTE is controversial. In 2007, we explored
potential predictors of recurrent VTE and developed the MEN continue and HERDOO2 (women with 2 of the following: (1) Hyperpigmentation, Edema or Redness (HER) on exam in either leg, (2)
VidasD-Dimer > 250, (3) Obesity-BMI > 30 or (4) Older age > 6 (5)
clinical decision rule to identify low risk patients with unprovoked
VTE who could safely discontinue OAC.
Aims: We sought to confirm the high risk of recurrent VTE in high risk
patients and conversely the low risk in low risk women over longer
term follow-up and explore predictors of long-term recurrent VTE.
ABSTRACTS
Methods: Multi-centre (n = 11) prospective cohort study of first
unprovoked VTE patients recruited between 2001 to 2006. Symptomatic suspected VTE during subsequent follow-up (up to April 2014) off
of OAC was investigated with reference to baseline imaging and then
independently adjudicated.
Results: Of 647 participants, mean age was 53% and 49% were female.
During a mean 5.1 years of follow-up, 167/647 suspected VTE were
adjudicated as recurrent VTE resulting with annual risk of recurrent
VTE of 4.9% (95% CI 4.25.7). Men had an 7.4% (95% CI 6.19.0)
annual risk of recurrent VTE. High risk women had an annual risk of
recurrent VTE of 5.9% (95% CI 4.28.1). Low risk women (1or 0
HERDOO points) had 1.1% (95% CI 0.62.0) annual risk of recurrent
VTE. Men with HER had an annual risk of recurrent VTE of 10.6%
(95% CI 7.913.9) and women with HER had an annual risk of recurrent VTE of 6.0% (95% CI 4.18.6).
Conclusion: Men and high risk women with unprovoked VTE should
be considered for long-term OAC therapy given a high risk of recurrent VTE after > 5 years of follow-up. HER is a strong predictor of
recurrent VTE. Women with a low HER DOO 2 score may be able to
safely discontinue anticoagulants but we await the results of the
REVERSE II study (Q4 2016) to validate this important finding.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Rodger Grant/Research Support from: Biomerieux, M. Kovacs: None Declared, G. Le Gal: None Declared, D.
Scarvelis: None Declared, S. Kahn: None Declared, D. Anderson:
None declared.
Membrane scrambling
AS140
Scrambling the membrane: a regulatory mechanism of
platelet function?
Heemskerk J, Mattheij N and Cosemans J
Biochemistry, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
Scrambling of the platelet membrane phospholipids, resulting in phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure, can be achieved by in a calcium-dependent way by potent platelet agonists, or in a relative calciumindependent way by metabolic depletion, ageing (apoptosis) or injury
(necrosis). In vitro, the PS exposure leads to coagulation factor (F)II,
FV, FIX and FX binding and activation, and consequently to a potent
stimulation of thrombin and fibrin generation. Recent findings can
provide an explanation why this platelet procoagulant activity is
restricted to and at the same time propagated at the sites of vascular
damage and thrombus formation. Substantial evidence comes from
research to the Scott syndrome, a congenital mild bleeding disorder,
characterized by defective calcium-dependent exposure of PS in platelets and other blood cells, and linked to mutations in anoctamin-6
(ANO6 or TMEM16F). It has become clear that this anoctamin has
many more functions than acting as a membrane scramblase. Data
will be discussed from Scott patients or mice with deficiencies in anoctamins, indicating how anoctamin 6 regulates: (i) platelet swelling and
change to a translucent shape; (ii) microvesiculation; (iii) transmembrane ion fluxes; (iv) inactivation of adhesion receptors; and (v) platelet protein composition and (vi) intracellular protein cleavage. The
questions will be raised: (i) if membrane phospholipid scrambling is an
isolated platelet response, and (ii) if it is the primary role of anoctamin
6 in vivo to regulate this platelet response.
Disclosure of Interest: J. Heemskerk Grant/Research Support from:
AstraZeneca, N. Mattheij: None Declared, J. Cosemans: None
declared.
51
AS141
Platelets maximise membrane surface area through
coordinated ballooning and procoagulant spreading to
amplify localised thrombin generation
Agbani E1, Brown E1, Bosch MVD1, Williams C1, Mattheij N2,
Cosemans J2, Collin P3, Heemskerk J2, Hers I1 and Poole A1
1
Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK;
2
Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute
Maastricht, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The
Netherlands; 3Welsh Blood Service and Arthur Bloom
Haemophilia Centre, School of Medicine, Cardiff University,
Cardiff, UK
Background: Platelets are central to the process of haemostasis, rapidly
aggregating at sites of blood vessel injury and acting as coagulation
nidus sites. Upon interaction with sub-endothelial collagen, platelets
are transformed into balloon-like structures as part of the haemostatic
response. It however remained unclear, how and why platelets generate these structures.
Aims: To determine the physiological relevance and the cellular and
molecular mechanisms underlying membrane ballooning in human
platelets.
Methods: 4D live-cell immunofluorescence imaging and correlative
light-electron microscopy.
Results: We showed that human platelets adherent to collagen are
transformed into phosphatidylserine-exposing balloon-like structures
with expansive macro/micro-vesiculate contact surfaces, by a process
which we termed procoagulant-spreading. We reveal that ballooning is
mechanistically and structurally distinct from membrane blebbing and
involves dramatic disruption to the platelet microtubule cytoskeleton
and increased membrane permeability. Unlike blebbing, procoagulant
ballooning is irreversible and consequent upon Na+, Cl and water
entry; and whereas the hydrostatic pressure required for bleb formation is fluid entry-independent, the rapid expansion and sustained
phases of ballooning are driven by external osmotic pressure. Inhibition of actin polymerisation diminished procoagulant-spreading, but
promoted ballooning. Inhibition of Na+, Cl or water entry impaired
ballooning, procoagulant-spreading and localised thrombin generation. Finally, human Scott syndrome platelets, which lack expression
of Ano-6, also showed a marked reduction in membrane ballooning;
an effect replicated by the inhibition of calcium activated chloride
channels in control platelets
Conclusion: Ballooning and procoagulant-spreading are important
mechanisms for the platelet procoagulant response at wound sites, allowing marked amplification of localised coagulation and haemostasis.
AS142
Hysteresis-like binding of coagulation factor X/XA to
lipids protects from blood flow
Podoplelova N1,2, Sveshnikova A1,3, Kurasawa J4, Sarafanov A4,
Ataullakhanov F1,2,3,5 and Panteleev M1,2,3,5
1
Federal Scientific Clinical Centre of Pediatric Hematology,
Oncology and Immunology named after Dmitry Rogachev;
2
National Research Centre for Haematology; 3Physics
Department, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; 4U.S.
Food and Drug Administration, Center for Biologics Evaluation
and Research, Silver Spring, USA; 5Center for Theoretical
Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia
Background: Binding of factors X (fX) and Xa to activated platelets is
important for the formation of prothrombinase and intrinsic tenase,
respectively. The mechanism of this binding remains unclear.
52
ABSTRACTS
Aims: Aims of this work was investigate interaction of X or fXa with

the membrane of activated platelets or purified phospholipid membranes
Methods: Flow cytometry, surface plasmon resonance and mathematical modeling were used to investigate interaction of X or fXa with the
membrane of activated platelets or purified phospholipid membranes.
Confocal microscopy was used to study binding of fXa to platelets
thrombi formed in flowing whole blood under shear conditions.
Results: In agreement with previous reports, fX/fXa binding to phospholipids and procoagulant activated platelets was high-affinity and
calcium-dependent, but unexpectedly only partially reversible. Dissociation of fX(fXa) was a two-step process ending with a plateau that
was up to 10-fold greater than expected from association binding studies. In other words, the overall binding process was hysteresis-like,
demonstrating a kind of memory. The same hysteresis-like kinetics
was observed for annexin V, and the overall phenomenon was shown
to be explained by trimerization of the protein monomers on the membrane. Examination of fXa binding to platelet aggregates formed in a
parallel-plate flow chambers coated with collagen revealed that hysteresis phenomenon persisted in such realistic thrombi with naturally
occurring fXa concentrations suggesting its physiological importance
in preventing fXa wash-out by flow.
Conclusion: Binding of fX (fXa) to either purified phospholipid membranes or activated platelets (either washed or in thrombi) had hysteresis-like behavior, related to multimerization of coagulation factor
monomers on the phospholipid surface.
AS143
Novel peptide and peptidomimetic inhibitors of
prothrombinase assembly on phosphatidylserine
inhibit thrombin generation and fibrin formation
Kastelowitz N1, Jarvis A2, White OR1, Brown PN1, Brodsky GL2,
Tamura R1, Di Paola JA2 and Yin H1
1
Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and BioFrontiers
Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder; 2Department
of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora,
USA
Background: Phosphatidylserine (PS) is an anionic lipid that is typically sequestered to the inner, or cytoplasmic, leaflet of bilayer membranes and only exposed on the outer leaflet during activated
processes such as apoptosis or clotting. PS promotes coagulation by
interacting with and allowing the assembly of coagulation protein
complexes, e.g., prothrombinase. We have developed small (< 4 kDa)
peptide and peptidomimetic probes that preferentially bind membranes containing PS by targeting the membranes shape and lipid
composition. We hypothesize that these PS probes will block the
assembly of coagulation protein complexes, providing a new tool for
inhibiting thrombosis.
Aims: To 1) evaluate the effectiveness of these PS probes as antagonists of coagulation factor/lipid membrane association and 2) determine if this activity translates into changes in enzymatic activity
in vitro.
Methods: We use surface plasmon resonance to directly evaluate the
effects PS probes have on coagulation factor/PS binding. Effects on
coagulation protein complex assembly and enzymatic activity are
examined using modified prothrombinase and microfluidic flow
assays.
Results: We find the PS probes directly block coagulation factor/PS
binding by measuring reduced association of factor Xa to an activated
platelet like-membrane surface when it is pre-treated with a PS probe.
PS probes significantly inhibit the enzymatic activity of prothrombinase in the presence of activated platelets, isolated microparticles, and
synthetic liposomes. In whole blood, PS probes block fibrin cross-link-
ing of adherent platelets under physiologic flow conditions. Peptidomimetic PS probes show equivalent activity and increased stability in
serum.
Conclusion: We demonstrate that small PS probes can antagonize
coagulation protein assembly on PS and that this significantly reduces
enzymatic activity in vitro. Future work includes characterization of
localization and activity in vivo. These PS probes may represent a
novel approach to therapeutic anticoagulation.
Modulators of fibrinolytic activity

AS144
Novel approaches to modulating fibrinolytic activity
Declerck PJ
Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven,
Leuven, Belgium
Fibrinolysis can be enhanced through plasminogen activators (e.g. tPA). Their clinical use, however, is limited by low efficiency and lifethreatening side-effects. Therefore, new therapeutic approaches have
been explored to enhance (endogenous) fibrinolysis. The latter is triggered by plasminogen activators (PA) which convert plasminogen to
plasmin. Initial cleavage of fibrin by plasmin displays C-terminal lysines on the fibrin surface, which serve as propagators for plasmin generation. Endogenous fibrinolysis is hampered either through inhibition
of plasmin (e.g. alpha2-antiplasmin), through inhibition of PAs (e.g.
plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, PAI-1) or through modification of
the fibrin surface (e.g. activated thrombin activatable fibrinolysis
inhibitor, TAFIa). PAI-1 and TAFI are widely studied antifibrinolytic
proteins and have been linked to various thrombotic disorders. PAI-1
is a serine protease inhibitor (SERPIN) whereas TAFIa is a carboxypeptidase. The antifibrinolytic activity of TAFIa is threshold-dependent with the threshold value being proportionate to the plasmin
concentration, and therefore also indirectly linked to PAI-1. The concerted action of PAI-1 and TAFIa by which protection of the fibrin
clot is provided, has led to the idea of dual targeting strategies. Development of antibody-engineered inhibitors against TAFI and PAI-1
have been shown to stimulate fibrinolysis efficiently. A heterodimer
diabody, Db-TCK26D6x33H1F7, cross-reactive with human, mouse
and rat PAI-1 and TAFI was developed and was demonstrated to
enhance fibrinolysis in in vitro clot lysis and thromboelastometric
experiments. Its profibrinolytic properties were further confirmed
in vivo in mouse models of thromboplastin-induced thromboembolism
and in various mouse models of stroke. Taken together all data demonstrate that dual targeting of PAI-1 and TAFI results in a pronounced profibrinolytic effect with superior properties to those of tPA and minimal bleeding risks.
AS145
Effect of DS-1040 on endogenous fibrinolysis and
impact on bleeding time in rats
Noguchi K, Edo N, Ito Y and Yamaguchi K
Biological Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd.,
Tokyo, Japan
Background: DS-1040 is a novel inhibitor of the activated form of
thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFIa) intended to be
used for the treatment of thrombotic diseases.
Aims: We investigated if DS-1040 enhances endogenous fibrinolysis in
a rat venous thromboembolism (VTE) model and if DS-1040 prolongs
bleeding time in a rat tail bleeding model.
ABSTRACTS
Methods: VTE model: Rats were treated with tissue factor to generate
microthrombi in circulation. DS-1040 was intravenously injected just
before initiation of tissue factor treatment and blood samples were collected at 25 min after the end of the tissue factor treatment and plasma
D-dimer levels were determined as an indicator of fibrinolysis. Tail
bleeding model: Rats were treated with DS-1040 or t-PA intravenously.
The rat tail was cut with a razor 5 min after administration and the
bleeding time was measured.
Results: DS-1040 increased plasma D-dimer levels in the VTE model
in a dose-dependent manner and statistically significant increases were
observed at 0.063 mg kg1 or more. In the tail bleeding model, DS1040 did not prolong the bleeding time at doses of up to 30 mg kg1
(480-fold higher than the effective dose), while 5.2 mg kg1 of t-PA
did.
Conclusion: DS-1040, a novel TAFIa inhibitor, enhances endogenous
fibrinolysis without prolonging bleeding time, suggesting DS-1040 is a
promising new thrombolysis enhancer for the treatment of thrombotic
diseases.
Disclosure of Interest: K. Noguchi Employee of: Daiichi Sankyo Co.,
Ltd., N. Edo Employee of: Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Y. Ito Employee
of: Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., K. Yamaguchi Employee of: Daiichi
Sankyo Co., Ltd.
AS146
A novel method to develop plasminogen activator
inhibitor-1 antagonist as thrombolytic agent
Gong L1, Proulle V2,3, Hong Z1, Lin Z1, Liu M1, Yuan C1, Lin L3,
Furie B3, Flaumenhaft R3, Andreasen PA4, Furie B3 and
Huang M1,3
1
^pitaux
Fjirsm, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, China; 2Ho
universitaires Paris Sud, CHU Bic^
etre, Service H
ematologie
Biologique, Universite Paris Sud, Paris, France; 3Division of
Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical
Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; 4Department of
Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus,
Denmark
Background: Current thrombolytic agents (recombinant tissue plasminogen activator, rtPA, or its variants) are effective but can have
severe bleeding or neurotoxicity side effects. Plasminogen activators
inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is the key negative regulator of the thrombolytic
system inhibiting both urokinase and tPA. Inhibition of PAI-1 activity
was shown to prevent thrombosis and accelerate fibrinolysis. However,
a specific antagonist of PAI-1 is currently unavailable in clinical practice.
Aims: To develop a specific PAI-1 antagonist and evaluate its antithrombotic potential.
Methods: Active-site mutated urokinase (uPA-S195A) does not possess proteolytic activity, but can bind to PAI-1 and form a Michaelis complex, and thereby prevent the binding of PAI-1 to active
plasminogen activators. A major challenge of using uPA-S195A as a
PAI-1 antagonist is its relatively weak inhibition of PAI-1. We
screened a panel of uPA-S195A variants with mutations around the
active site and developed a potent PAI-1 antagonist (named PAItrap). Furthermore, we tested its fibrinolysis potential in human
plasma, and evaluated its anti-thrombotic effect in a laser-induced
thrombosis mouse model.
Results: PAItrap specifically inhibits human PAI-1 with high potency
(Kd = 0.15 nM), and promotes fibrinolysis in human plasma by
inhibiting endogenous circulating and platelet PAI-1. In addition, it
also inhibits murine PAI-1, allowing the evaluation in murine models. In a laser-induced thrombosis mouse model, PAItrap reduces
fibrin generation and inhibits platelet accumulation at the site of
injury.
53
Conclusion: PAItrap effectively suppresses fibrin generation and inhibits platelet accumulation, and is a promising thrombolytic agent.
PAItrap may be used together with rtPA to lower the side effects of
rtPA through reducing its dose.
AS147
Inhibition of PAI-1 accelerates venous thrombosis
resolution in type II diabetic mice
Li R, Deng X, Ren M, Chen N, Luo M, Yan K, Zeng M and Wu J
Drug Discovery Research Center, Luzhou Medical College, China,
Luzhou, China
Background: Type II diabetes mellitus (DM) is thought to be a risk factor for thromboembolism (VTE). Elevated plasma levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) are associated with DM. However,
the role of PAI-1 in the development of DM-associated VTE is poorly
defined
Aims: Our aim was to determine the role of PAI-1 in the DM-associated VTE, and to test the hypothesis that inhibiting PAI-1 promotes
venous thrombosis resolution.
Methods: Thrombosis was induced in the inferior vena cava (IVC) and
saphenous vein of mice. Diabetes mellitus was induced by feeding mice
high fat diet (DM group). Plasma was analyzed for glucose, non-esterified fatty acids, and PAI-1. PAI-039, a specific, small molecule pharmacological inhibitor of PAI-1, was orally administered to mice
(2 mg kg1 twice daily). The gene expression of PAI-1, MMP-2, 9,
MT1-MMP, and VEGF in thrombus were assessed by real-time PCR.
Results: Thrombus size and collagen content were substantially larger
at 3 days after IVC ligation in DM mice compared to NC mice
(P < 0.05). Intrathrombotic PAI-1, MMP-2, MMP-9, MT1-MMP,
and VEGF gene expression were significantly enhanced in DM mice
compared to WT mice (P < 0.01). We also subjected DM and NC
mice to FeCl3 saphenous vein injury and measured the time required
to form an occlusive thrombus. The mean time to occlusion in DM
mice (322 27 s, n = 6) was significantly shorter than that in NC
mice (473 66 s, n = 6, P < 0.05). The inhibition of PAI-1 by PAI039 reduced thrombus size in IVC ligation model (P < 0.05) and
delayed vein occlusion time (P < 0.001) compared with vehicle-treated
controls. The expression of intrathrombotic MMP-9, MT1-MMP, and
VEGF, but not MMP-2 was markedly increased by the treatment of
PAI-039 compared with vehicle group.
Conclusion: Taken together, these findings show that pharmacologic
inhibition of elevated PAI-1 rescues the impairment in thrombus resolution observed in DM, and may have efficacy as a therapeutic strategy to prevent diabetic thromboembolism.
Factor V and regulation

AS148
Factor V and TFPI interactions
Camire RM
Pediatrics/Hematology, CHOP/UPENN, Philadelphia, USA
Coagulation Factor V (FV) circulates in plasma as an inactive procofactor. Following B-domain removal, the active cofactor FVa,
enhances the catalytic efficiency of FXa by several orders of magnitude. Previous findings have established that evolutionary conserved
regions within the B-domain play a key role in keeping FV as an inactive procofactor by, in part, concealing FXa binding site(s). These
regions of the FV B-domain consist of basic (BR) and acidic (AR)
54
ABSTRACTS
regions and define the minimal sequence necessary to maintain FV as

a procofactor. Recent data have shown that removal of either one of
these regions results in FVa-like activity and that B-domain fragments
spanning the BR act in-trans to suppress the activity of FV variants
bearing only the AR (J Biol Chem. 287: 2634251, 2012, J Biol Chem.
288: 3015160, 2013). Physiologically, forms of FV that are missing a
BR but harbor an AR are released by activated platelets after a partial
proteolysis and may be generated via FV activation by FXa. Interestingly, other forms of FV that only harbor an AR have been described.
The variant FV-East Texas and FV-Amsterdam results in an alternatively spliced form of FV that has most of the B-domain removed but
retains the AR (FV-short; J Clin. Invest. 123: 377787; 2013; Blood,
2015 In press). Together these forms of FV should be constitutively
active. However, it is possible that physiological ligands that mimic
the BR could inhibit their activity. Previous studies have identified tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPIa) as one of these potential ligands.
Remarkably, the C-terminal segment of TFPIa shares substantial
sequence homology with the FV BR and binds FV forms that only
harbor the AR (PNAS, 110: 1783843; 2013). While there are several
remaining unanswered questions, the FV(a)-TFPIa interaction has the
potential to fundamentally alter our understanding of cofactor regulation at the site of injury.
Disclosure of Interest: R. Camire Grant/Research Support from: Pfizer, NovoNordisk, Consultant for: Pfizer.
AS149
FV enhances protein S cofactor function for TFPI in the
inhibition of FXa
Reglinska-Matveyev N1, Crawley JT1, Camire R2,3, Lane DA1 and
Ahnstrom J1
1
Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK;
2
Division of Hematology, The University of Pennsylvania,
Philadelphia; 3The Center for Cell and Molecular Therapeutics,
The Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia, Philiadelphia, USA
Background: Protein S acts as cofactor for tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) through a direct interaction between the protein S SHBGlike domain and the TFPI Kunitz domain 3 that efficiently enhances
factor (F) Xa inhibition. TFPI also binds FV and FVa in plasma and
is capable of inhibiting prothrombinase through a direct interaction
with FXa-activated FV and platelet-derived FV.
Aims: The role of the FV/TFPI interaction is not fully understood. We
therefore evaluated the influence of FV upon TFPI inhibition of FXa
in the presence and absence of protein S.
Methods: FXa inhibition assays with purified reagents were used to
evaluate the enhancement of TFPI mediated inhibition of FXa by protein S and FV.
Results: Whereas FV alone did not influence TFPI-mediated FXa inhibition, it further enhanced TFPI function in the presence of protein S.
Protein S primarily stimulated the formation of the initial FXa/TFPI
complex, with a ~10-fold decrease in Ki. FV (and not FVa) further
augmented the initial FXa/TFPI complex formation in a protein S
dependent manner, causing a ~32-fold reduction of Ki compared to
TFPI alone. FV together with protein S showed limited enhancement
of the isomerization of FXa/TFPI to FXa/TFPI*. Anti-FV and antiprotein S antibodies demonstrated that the FV enhancement was specific and protein S-dependent.
TFPI with a truncated C-terminal tail (TFPI 1249) was enhanced
by protein S and FV, suggesting that the basic region in the TFPI
C-terminal tail, previously shown to bind to the acidic region in
FV, was not necessary for the FV cofactor function. Experiments
using TFPI R199Q and TFPI E226Q, two variants with decreased
ability to bind protein S, demonstrated that optimal interaction
between TFPI and protein S was not required for FV cofactor
function.
Conclusion: These results suggest that FV acts together with protein S

as a synergistic cofactor for TFPI, a previously unknown anticoagulant function of FV.
AS150
East texas FV-Short/TFPI interaction in inhibition of
FXa- and TF-initiated thrombin generation
ck B1
Livaja-Koshiar R1, Camire RM2, Ho M3 and Dahlba
1
Translational Medicine, Lund University, Sweden, Malmo,
Sweden; 2Pediatrics; 3Pediatric, University of Pennsylvania
Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA
Background: In East Texas bleeding disorder a point mutation in exon
13 of FV gene results in alternative splicing and deletion of 702 residues of the B-domain generating FV-Short, which binds and retains
TFPI in circulation resulting in a bleeding phenotype.
Aims: To elucidate whether FV-Short/TFPI inhibits both TF- and
FXa-initiated thrombin generation (TG) and whether TFPI activity is
decreased upon thrombin activation of FV-Short.
Methods: Combinations of intact or thrombin-activated recombinant
FV-Short and TFPI were added to normal or FV-deficient plasma.
After initiation of the reaction by either TF or FXa, TG was continuously monitored with fluorescent substrate.
Results: Using normal plasma (NP), TF-initiated TG was not affected
by addition of intact or pre-activated rFV-Short and added TFPI
dose-dependently inhibited TG, the results being similar whether rFVShort was pre-activated or not. In contrast, in FXa-initiated reactions
the addition of intact or pre-activated rFV-Short shortened the lagphase. In this setting, addition of TFPI with intact rFV-Short resulted
in stronger inhibition of TG than when pre-activated rFV-Short was
used.
To avoid the influence of full-length FV in NP, FV-deficient plasma
was reconstituted with rFV-Short TFPI. TFPI dose-dependently
inhibited TG after initiation with either TF or FXa. The inhibition
was stronger when intact rFV-Short was used as compared to pre-activated rFV-Short.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that in a plasma setting, intact rFVShort was more efficient in supporting TFPI-mediated inhibition of
FXa- and TF/FVIIa/FXa-induced thrombin generation than pre-activated rFV-Short. The results are also in agreement with the hypothesis
that TFPI in complex with FV-Short is more efficient than free TFPI
in inhibiting the TF/FVIIa/FXa-complex and free FXa.
AS151
Development and characterization of an RNA aptamer
targeting FV/FVA
Soule E1, Krishnaswamy S2 and Sullenger BA3
1
Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham;
2
Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; 3Surgical
Sciences, Duke University, Durham, USA
Background: Targeting of coagulation cascade cofactors, and cofactors
in general, has remained a challenge due to their lack of an active site;
however they represent potentially useful anticoagulant targets. We
have developed an anticoagulant RNA aptamer that binds to FV and
FVa that can be reversed by protamine sulfate.
Aims: In this study we aimed to generate an RNA aptamer with anticoagulant activity that bound to FV and FVa. Additionally, we characterized the anticoagulant activity with plasma-based assays and
explored the mechanism of the aptamer.
ABSTRACTS
Methods: SELEX to modified human FV was used to generate high
affinity RNA aptamers. The lead aptamer was truncated and a mutant
aptamer was created by altering 3 nucleotides to eliminate anticoagulant and binding activity. Approximate Kd values were measured using
nitrocellulose filter binding assays. Anticoagulant activity was measured with a coagulometer using citrated, pooled normal plasma.
Reversal of anticoagulant activity was measured via modified aPTT to
include incubation with protamine sulfate. Thrombin generation in the
presence of the RNA aptamer was quantified using a chromogenic
thrombin substrate. The assays were performed with aptamer, modified
FVa, FXa, phospholipids, and Q271 and des-gla-Q271 prothrombin.
Results: The aptamer can dose-dependently increase clotting time in
aPTT and PT assays. Protamine sulfate is able to return clotting time to
normal within 5 min of addition. The Kd to human FV is ~20 nM and
to human FVa is ~1 nM. The aptamer can dose-dependently decrease
thrombin generation as monitored by chromogenic substrate cleavage
of thrombin. The mutant aptamer has no anticoagulant activity, does
not bind to FV or FVa, and cannot reduce thrombin generation.
Conclusion: This aptamer exhibits anticoagulant activity in plasmabased assays through its ability to bind to FV and FVa. The likely
mechanism of action is through the disruption of the FVa-prothrombin interaction based on biochemical assays.
Disclosure of Interest: E. Soule: None Declared, S. Krishnaswamy:
None Declared, B. Sullenger Shareholder of: Regado Biosciences,
Consultant for: Regado Biosciences.
Determinants of thrombus structure

and susceptibility to lysis
AS152
Cellular and mechanical modulators of fibrin structure
Kolev K
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Semmelweis University,
Budapest, Hungary
Fibrin stability and susceptibility to lysis is predetermined at the stage
of clot formation when the relative kinetics of fibrinogen conversion to
fibrin, the polymerization of fibrin monomers and the assembly of protofibrils in fibers define the final structure of the clot. Recently identified modifiers of fibrin structure improve our understanding of the role
of plasmin as a major fibrinolytic protease. Platelets present at the site
of fibrin formation modulate the structure chemically (through effects
on thrombin concentration) and mechanically (through contractile
force). Acceleration of the fibrinogen-fibrin conversion at higher concentrations of thrombin favours the longitudinal growth and branching of protofibrils over their lateral association with consequent
resistance to plasmin. The contraction of fibrin-bound platelets and
the mechanical shear generated by circulating blood profoundly alters
the fibrin architecture generating fibers that are longitudinally aligned
with smaller diameter and pore size. Factor XIIIa tightens the lateral
attachment of protofibrils and decreases the volume of the vacant fluid
space within the fibers, thus restricting the plasmin movement in the
fibers. DNA and histones, components of the extracellular traps
released by activated neutrophils in thrombi cause thickening of fibers
through increase in the interprotofibril distances resulting in a both
mechanically and enzymatically less vulnerable fibrin. Red blood cells
(RBC) are involved in active interactions with fibrin through an integrin receptor. Thus, fibrin can transmit the contractile force of activated neighbouring platelets to RBC causing a change of their shape
from biconcave to polyhedral with consequent almost perfectly gapfree compaction of RBC in the vacant space between fibers forming a
stronger diffusion barrier to plasmin. These findings indicate that
thrombus stability is determined by a complex interplay of mechanical,
chemical and cellular mechanisms.
55
AS153
Factor XIIIA crosslinking of fibrin a-chain mediates red
blood cell retention in clots
Byrnes JR1,2, Duval C3, Wang Y4, Mooberry MJ5, Lord ST1,
ens RAS3 and Wolberg AS1,2
Meijers JCM6,7, Ni H4, Ari
1
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; 2McAllister
Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,
Chapel Hill, USA; 3Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes
Research, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic
Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; 4Canadian Blood
Services, and Department of Laboratory Medicine and
Pathobiology, St. Michaels Hospital, University of Toronto,
Toronto, Canada; 5Department of Medicine, University of North
Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA; 6Department of
Experimental Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center,
University of Amsterdam; 7Department of Plasma Proteins,
Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Background: Factor XIII(a) [FXIII(a)] stabilizes clots and increases
resistance to fibrinolysis and mechanical disruption. Recently, we
showed that FXIIIa also mediates red blood cell (RBC) retention in
retracted clots and determines venous thrombus size (Aleman 2014,
JCI). These data suggest FXIII(a) is a potential target for reducing
venous thrombosis. However, the mechanism by which FXIIIa retains
RBCs in clots is not known.
Aims: Determine the mechanism(s) mediating RBC retention in clots.
Methods: Human and murine clots were assessed by weight, RBC
retention, and microscopy. FXIIIa substrate crosslinking to RBCs was
assessed by flow cytometry and SDS-PAGE.
Results: In the presence of FXIIIa, RBC retention in clots was positively correlated with network density (R2 = 0.75, P < 0.00001), indicating crosslinked fibrin sterically retains RBCs in clots. However,
FXIIIa inhibition abrogated this correlation, revealing an independent
contribution of FXIIIa to RBC retention. FXIIIa substrates could not
be crosslinked to RBCs, suggesting FXIIIa does not crosslink RBCs
directly to the clot. RBC retention was not reduced in clots from mice
deficient in a2-antiplasmin, TAFI, or fibronectin, indicating RBC
retention does not depend on these FXIIIa substrates. To determine
the contribution of fibrin crosslinking to RBC retention, we reconstituted fibrinogen-deficient plasma with RBCs, platelets, and recombinant fibrinogen variants. FXIIIa inhibition reduced RBC retention in
clots formed with fibrinogen that lacks c-chain crosslinking sites
(cNNR, P < 0.03), but not in clots that lack a-chain crosslinking sites
(Aa251, P = 0.3). FXIIIa inhibitor concentrations that primarily
block a- but not c-chain crosslinking decreased RBC retention in clots.
These data indicate RBC retention in clots is mediated by a-chain
crosslinking.
Conclusion: These data expose a newly-recognized, essential role for
fibrin a-chain crosslinking during clot formation and consolidation,
and establish FXIII as a key determinant of thrombus composition
and size.
Disclosure of Interest: J. Byrnes: None Declared, C. Duval: None
Declared, Y. Wang: None Declared, M. Mooberry: None Declared, S.
Lord: None Declared, J. Meijers Employee of: Sanquin Research, H.
Ni: None Declared, R. Ariens: None Declared, A. Wolberg: None
declared.
56
ABSTRACTS
AS154
ZN2+ accelerates clot formation, modifies clot
structure, and promotes clot stability
Henderson SJ1, Xia J2, Stafford AR3, Leslie BA3, Fredenburgh JC3,
Weitz DA2 and Weitz JI1
1
Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Thrombosis and
Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Mcmaster University,
Hamilton, Canada; 2Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard
University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; 3Medicine,
Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Mcmaster
University, Hamilton, Canada
Background: Fibrin (Fn) clots are formed when thrombin converts
fibrinogen (Fg) to fibrin (Fn) monomers, which polymerize and are
cross-linked by factor (F) XIIIa. Zn2+ released from platelets
increases the local concentration to 510 lM, and binds Fg and Fn
and retards fibrinolysis. It is uncertain whether Zn2+ modulates Fg
clotting and alters the structural or mechanical properties of Fn clots.
Aims: To examine the effect of Zn2+ on clot formation and structure.
Methods: Thrombin-induced clotting of Fg in buffer and plasma and
polymerization of Fn monomers were monitored by absorbance. Fn
structure was assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and
the viscoelastic properties of Fn clots were determined by rheometry.
Experiments were performed in the absence or presence of FXIIIa,
and 510 lM Zn2+.
Results: Zn2+ significantly (P < 0.001) accelerated (a) Fg clot time by
3.5- and 2.3-fold in the absence and presence of FXIIIa, respectively,
(b) plasma clot time by 1.4-fold, and (c) Fn monomer polymerization
by 2.5-fold. Absorbance in the presence of Zn2+ was up to 3.3-fold
higher than in its absence, and SEM analysis revealed a significant
(P < 0.05) 2-fold increase in Fn fiber diameter with Zn2+. FXIIIa
increased the storage modulus of Fn clots from 128 19 to
415 27 Pa. However, Zn2+ reduced the storage modulus by 10- and
8.5-fold in the absence and presence of FXIIIa, respectively, and clots
formed in the presence of Zn2+ exhibited a lower elastic modulus and
resisted rupture. Therefore, Zn2+ accelerates Fg clotting and reduces
Fn clot stiffness in a FXIIIa-independent manner.
Conclusion: Although Zn2+ accelerates thrombin-mediated clotting of
Fg, enhances Fn monomer polymerization, and increases Fn fiber
thickness, it reduces clot stiffness both in the absence or presence of
FXIIIa. Therefore, Zn2+ released from activated platelets at sites of
vascular injury may accelerate clot formation and promote clot stability, thereby reducing the risk of embolization.
AS155
Thrombin and fibrinogen gamma regulate protofibril
packing within the fibrin fiber leading to changes in
clot structure and strength
Domingues M1,2, Duval C1, McPherson HR1, Ajjan RA1,
Ridger VC3, Connell SD2, Philippou H1 and Ariens RA1
1
Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, Faculty of
Medicine and Health, University of Leeds; 2Molecular and
Nanoscale Physics group, School of Physics and Astronomy,
University of Leeds, Leeds; 3Department of Cardiovascular
Science, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health, University of
Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
Background: Blood coagulation culminates in the production of
thrombin which converts fibrinogen into fibrin, forming the blood clot,
in order to stop bleeding events. A common splice variant of fibrinogen, called fibrinogen c has been associated with several cardiovascular conditions. Previous studies have shown significant effects of
thrombin and fibrinogen c on clot structure. However, much of the
structural information regarding fibrin clots was obtained using electron microscopy which requires sample dehydration and thereby
affects fiber structure.
Aims: Our aim was to investigate the role of thrombin and fibrinogen
c in the modulation of fibrin fiber structure, in purified systems, using
clots under fully hydrated conditions.
Methods: Fibrin fibers were studied using turbidimetry, atomic force
microscopy and magnetic tweezers in purified systems.
Results: In the range of concentrations used, thrombin induced a 4.5fold decrease in average protofibril content per fibrin fiber, with a relatively minor decrease in fibrin fiber size of 1.5-fold, leading to the formation of a less compact fibrin fiber structure. Decreased protofibril
content of the fibrin fibers relates to less stiff fibrin clot as analysed by a
microrheometer based on magnetic tweezers. Fibrin fibers produced
with fibrinogen c showed reduced protofibril packing at low thrombin
concentrations.
Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that in fully hydrated conditions, thrombin and fibrinogen c have more dramatic effects on protofibril content than fibrin fiber size and that protofibril density within
fibrin fibers correlates with strength of the fibrin network. We conclude that regulation of protofibril content of fibrin fibers is an important mechanism by which thrombin and fibrinogen c modulate fibrin
clot structure and strength.
AS156
The role of blood microparticles in the formation,
structure, and properties of fibrin clots
Litvinov RI1,2, Nabiullina RM3, Mustafin IG3, Weisel JW2 and
Zubairova LD3
1
Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia; 2University of
Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA; 3Kazan State Medical
University, Kazan, Russia
Background: Despite the importance of circulating microparticles
(MPs) in hemostasis and thrombosis, little is known about their causative effects on clot formation and lysis, the final stages of blood clotting in vivo.
Aims: To compare fibrin formation dynamics, clot structure, and susceptibility to fibrinolysis in the presence and absence of MPs.
Methods: MPs were removed from platelet-free plasma (PFP) by filtration through a 0.1-lm-filter, yielding microparticle-depleted plasma
(MDP). MDP was replenished with cephalin (MDP-C) to restore the
phospholipids. Concentrations of MPs were assessed by flow cytometry. Fibrin polymerization and tPA-induced lysis were followed by
dynamic turbidimetry. A thrombin generation test was performed
using a chromogenic substrate. Fibrin ultrastructure was studied with
scanning electron microscopy. Fresh samples of PFP, MDP, and
MDP-C from the same healthy donors were analyzed in parallel.
Results: In the presence of MPs (PFP), fibrin polymerization was accelerated and the final fibrin network structure was more compact and
built of thinner fibers than in the absence of MPs (MDP). The less porous PFP-clots were significantly more resistant to both intrinsic and
extrinsic lysis by plasmin than MDP-clots. Reconstitution of phospholipids (MDP-C) restored the fibrin polymerization kinetics, fibrin
structure, and susceptibility to fibrinolysis, making them similar to
PFP. The observed changes correlated with a decreased thrombin generation rate in MDP vs. PFP, which was fully restored after addition
of exogenous phospholipids. In addition, the clots formed in PFP and
MDP-C had 0.10.5-lm size granular material on fibers, suggesting
that MPs and phospholipids can directly interact with fibrin.
Conclusion: The blood of healthy individuals contains functional MPs
that affect the structure and stability of fibrin clots indirectly through
acceleration of thrombin generation and through direct physical incorporation into the fibrin network.
ABSTRACTS
Prevention of thrombosis in children

AS157
Why do we need DVT prophylaxis in children?
Williams S1,2
Haematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children; 2University
of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis in children is emerging

as an area for quality of care improvement. Multiple adult studies support the efficacy and safety of mechanical and pharmacological prophylaxis in patients at risk of VTE. There is an absence of similar data
clearly defining the absolute benefit of VTE prophlyaxis in children.
The lack of established evidence-based protocols or randomized control trial data to drive protocol development is problematic. There are
a number of reasons that VTE prophylaxis is relevant to current pediatric care including; the increasing rates of VTE over time in children,
the potential short-term complications of VTE, and long- term impact
of post-thrombotic syndrome, including impact on quality of life.
Given the probable inappropriateness of adult regimes being applied
to children without modification, there is a current need to develop a
systematic approach to VTE prophylaxis in children. An individualized approach to VTE prophylaxis in patients can incorporate risk and
benefit in decision making for a single patient. Risk stratification and
predictive models for VTE are approaches that have been advocated.
As the majority of VTEs in children are associated with frequently
multiple underlying risk factors including central venous lines, sepsis,
immobility, malignancy, surgery, congenital heart disease and trauma,
further studies are needed to define the highest risk groups for VTE, to
most appropriately implement prophylaxis regimes. Ultimately,
appropriately targeted VTE prophlyaxis in children is a necessary
component of current pediatric care aimed at improving short and
long-term outcomes.
AS158
Blood group, age and type of cancer are independently
associated with symptomatic venous thrombotic
events in pediatric cancer patients: a population based
study from maritimes, Canada
Kulkarni K, MacDonald T, Price V, Cox P, Fernandez C,
Bernstein M and Yhap M
Pediatric Hematology Oncology, IWK Health Center, Halifax,
Canada
Background: Symptomatic venous thrombotic events (sVTE) are a
well-recognized complication in pediatric cancer patients (PCP).
However, risk factors (RF) are unclear. Moreover, the limitations of
several of the previously described RF for sVTE include (i) poor
generalizability to all pediatric cancers, (ii) hemostatic protein lab
values altered by the cancer itself, (iii) long turn-around times and
(iv) testing restricted to specialized labs. There is a need to identify
RF for sVTE in PCP that are easily ascertained at the time of cancer diagnosis.
Aims: Identify RF associated with sVTE in PCP: Methods: All PCP in
the 3 Maritime Provinces of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and Prince
Edward Island are treated at IWK Health Center (IWK) in a shared
care model, providing a population-based cohort. After ethics
approval, all PCP treated at the IWK from 2000 to 2014 with sVTE
were identified. Clinical and laboratory data was extracted from the:
(i) Pediatric oncology hospital database (ii) Provincial Cancer in
Young People registry (iii) Electronic medical records (iv) Pharmacy
database and (v) Hospital health records. SPSS version 21 was used
for statistical analysis.
57
Results: Forty-two (4.8 0.07%) of the 875 patients had sVTE. The
mean age at diagnosis for sVTE patients was 10.9 years. The gender
ratio was M:F::0.9:1. Central veins (73.7%) were the most common
location for sVTE. On univariate analysis, age > 10 years at diagnosis
(P = 0.001), type of cancer (P = 0.026) and non-O blood group
(P = 0.007) were associated with sVTE, while gender and type of chemotherapy were not. On multivariate analysis, age > 10 years (odds
ratio [OR]: 2.9 [1.55.5], P = 0.001), non-O blood group (OR: 2.39
[1.154.98], P = 0.020) and type of cancer (brain tumor; OR: 0.1
[0.0140.776], P = 0.027) were associated with sVTE. The area under
the receiver operating characteristics curve for the model was 0.73.
Conclusion: In a large population based cohort of patients, we identified novel, easily available, and independent RF for sVTE in pediatric
cancer patients.
AS159
Venous thromboembolism occurring during
adolescence: is it preventable?
Biss T1, Alikhan R2, Payne J3, Alamelu J4, WIlliams M5,
Richards M6, Mathias M7, Tunstall O8 and Chalmers E9
1
Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust,
Newcastle upon Tyne; 2University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff;
3
Sheffield Childrens Hospital, Sheffield; 4Evelina London
Childrens Hospital, London; 5Birmingham Childrens Hospital
NHS Trust, Birmingham; 6Leeds Childrens Hospital, Leeds;
7
Great Ormond Street Hospital, London; 8The University
Hospitals Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol; 9Royal Hospital for Sick
Children, Glasgow, UK
Background: Risk assessment for venous thromboembolism (VTE)
and thromboprophylaxis (TP) in those with thrombotic risk factors is
established in adult practice. Evidence to support efficacy and safety
of this approach in adolescents is lacking.
Aims: We aimed to describe thrombotic risk factors and to determine
the proportion of potentially preventable events in a cohort of adolescents with VTE.
Methods: Data were collected retrospectively over 6 years, 20082014,
from 8 tertiary UK centres. Qualifying events were radiologically-confirmed VTE in subjects aged 1217 years. Arterial and upper venous
system line-related thrombosis was excluded.
Results: Seventy-six cases were identified, 41 males, median age
15 years. Site of thrombosis was: lower limb deep vein thrombosis
(DVT), 43; cerebral venous sinus, 12; pulmonary embolism, 11; upper
limb DVT, 5; other, 5. Six (8%) were line-related. Frequent risk factors were: reduced mobility, 34; thrombophilia, 21 (inherited, 17;
acquired, 4), not known at presentation; malignancy, 15; surgery, 14;
OCP, 9; congenital venous anomaly, 4. Median number of thrombotic
risk factors was two. 28 presented as outpatients with no significant
risk factor for VTE which was considered unpreventable. Of 48
where there had been an opportunity for VTE risk assessment, i.e.
were inpatients (n = 28) or outpatients with a known underlying diagnosis and/or provoking event within the prior 3 months (n = 20), 25
had no indication for TP and 9 had a contraindication. A further 5
who had received appropriate TP and 9 in whom TP was indicated
with no contraindication but not given were considered potentially
preventable (14/76; 18%). Of these, 4 had cerebral palsy, 5 malignancy and 2 inflammatory bowel disease. All had reduced mobility
with recent surgery in 8.
Conclusion: Amongst a cohort of adolescents with VTE, 18% were
potentially preventable. VTE risk assessment and preventative measures should be focused on those with significant immobility and surgery, particularly in the setting of malignancy.
58
ABSTRACTS
AS160
Venous thrombo-embolism (VTE) in children with
sickle cell disease (SCD): an institutional experience
Woods G1,2, Sharma R1,2, Creary S1,2, Dunn A1,2, Hor K2,3,
Young J1, Young C2,4 and Kumar R1,2
1
Division of Hematology/Oncology, Nationwide Childrens
Hospital; 2Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University;
3
Division of Cardiology; 4Division of Radiology, Nationwide
Childrens Hospital, Columbus, USA
Background: Patients with SCD manifest systemic coagulation activation thought to result in a chronic hypercoagulable state. Adult studies
have indicated an increased incidence of VTE in SCD.
Aims: To evaluate the prevalence, risk factors and clinical course of
VTE in children with SCD at Nationwide Childrens Hospital (NCH).
Methods: Permission for this retrospective study was obtained from
the IRB. All pediatric patients (221 years) with SCD (SS, SC, Sb+
and Sb0 genotypes) followed at NCH from 2009 to 2015 were evaluated. VTE was defined as positive imaging (ultrasound, CT angiography, magnetic resonance imaging) in a symptomatic patient.
Demographic data was collected from the electronic medical records.
Standard statistical methods were used to summarize findings
(mean SD). Fishers exact test was used to assess significance.
Results: A total of 365 patients (186 males, 179 females) patients with
SCD (200 SS, 123 SC, 32 Sb+ and 10 Sb0) were followed at NCH during the study period (2190 patient years). VTE was documented in 12
patients (4 males, 8 females), 9 of which were central venous line
(CVL) associated. 1 patient had isolated PE (patient had a CVL, but
line was not imaged), 1 had leg vein thrombosis and 1 had sinus
venous thrombosis. Mean age at VTE diagnosis was 15.5 ( 3.7)
years. On univariate analysis, SS genotype (P = 0.014) and presence of
CVL (P < 0.001) were associated with VTE. Thrombophilia testing
was completed on 10 patients-6 had low levels of protein C and/or protein S and 1 was heterozygous for FV Leiden. All patients were treated
with anticoagulation and 2 patients underwent thrombolysis. Mean
duration of anticoagulation (therapeutic and prophylactic) was 16.4
( 15) months. 3 patients with CVL had clot progression/recurrence
on anticoagulation therapy. CVL has since been removed on 8/10
patients.
Conclusion: Prevalence of VTE in children with SCD is high. Sickle cell
genotype and CVL are associated with VTE. We are currently re-evaluating our institutional policy for CVL use in children with SCD.
AS161
Hospital-associated venous thromboembolism (HAVTE) IN pediatrics: a systematic review and metaanalysis of risk factors and risk assessment models
Mahajerin A1,2, Branchford BR3, Amankwah EA4, Raffini L5,
Chalmers E6, van Ommen CH7 and Goldenberg NA8
1
Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine; 2Hematology, CHOC
Childrens Specialists, Orange; 3Pediatrics, University of
Colorado, Denver, Denver; 4Clinical and Translational Research,
All Childrens Research Institute, St. Petersburg; 5Pediatrics,
University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia,
USA; 6Haematology, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Yorkhill,
Glasgow, UK; 7Pediatric Haematology, Emma Childrens
Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; 8Pediatrics, John Hopkins
University School of Medicine, St. Petersburg, USA
Background: Hospital-associated venous thromboembolism (HAVTE) is increasing in pediatric centers. There is a need for guidelines
on safe, effective, and evidence-based prevention but the lack of highquality evidence has impeded development of such guidelines.
Aims: The objective was to systematically review literature on pediatric

HA-VTE risk factors and risk-assessment models, to inform future
pediatric HA-VTE prevention research.
Methods: We conducted a literature search on pediatric VTE risk via
PubMed (19462014) and Embase (19802014). Data on risk factors
and risk-assessment models were extracted from case-control studies,
while prevalence data on clinical characteristics were obtained from
VTE registries, large (n > 40) retrospective case series, and cohort
studies. Meta-analyses were conducted for risk factors or clinical characteristics reported in at least 3 studies. Heterogeneity among studies
was assessed with Cochrans Q and quantified by I2 statistic.
Results: From 394 initial articles, 60 met final inclusion criteria (19
case-control studies and 41 registries/large case series/cohort studies).
Significant HA-VTE risk factors among case-control studies were: systemic infection (OR: 2.42, 95% CI 1.523.85); intensive care unit
(ICU) stay (OR: 2.14, 95% CI 1.972.32); central venous catheter
(CVC; OR: 2.13, 95% CI 2.002.27); mechanical ventilation (OR:
1.56, 95% CI 1.421.72); and hospital length of stay (LOS) (per each
additional day, OR: 1.03, 95% CI 1.031.03). 3 studies developed/
applied risk-assessment models from a combination of these risk factors. Fourteen significant clinical characteristics were identified
through non-case-control studies.
Conclusion: This meta-analysis confirms systemic infection, CVC, ICU
stay, mechanical ventilation, and LOS as pediatric HA-VTE risk factors. A few pediatric HA-VTE risk scores have emerged employing
these factors. Prospective validation is necessary to inform risk-stratified pediatric HA-VTE prevention trials.
Pregnancy related bleeding

complications
AS162
Management of reproductive hemorrhagic
complications
James AH
Obstetrics & Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center,
Durham, USA
This presentation will review the obstetric, gynecologic and hemostatic
management of reproductive hemorrhagic complications and will
briefly review pertinent reproductive physiology. Most reproductive
hemorrhagic complications are uterine in origin. In nonpregnant
women, uterine bleeding is most often due to ovulatory dysfunction or
abnormalities of the uterine cavity. Reproductive hemorrhagic complications are more likely to occur in women with underlying bleeding
disorders. Conversely, about 1020% of women with heavy menstrual
bleeding have been found to have underlying bleeding disorders.
Reproductive hemorrhagic complications in nonpregnant women can
be effectively managed by hormonal, surgical and hemostatic therapies. The first step in the evaluation of a patient is to determine
whether she is pregnant or not. In the first half of pregnancy, most
hemorrhagic complications are due to miscarriage or ectopic pregnancy. In the second half, most are due to preterm labor or abnormal
placentation. At the time of delivery, approximately 80% of hemorrhagic complications are obstetrical, 20% are surgical and a small percentage are hemostatic. Inherited bleeding disorders increase the risk
of obstetrical hemorrhage 2 to 3-fold but are rarely the cause of massive hemorrhage. Massive hemorrhage, which occurs in 0.15% to
0.5% of deliveries, is usually due to an acute acquired coagulopathy
most often caused by profuse obstetrical or surgical bleeding. Management of obstetrical bleeding requires uterine evacuation and uterotonics; and sometimes balloon tamponade, compression sutures or
hysterectomy. Management of surgical bleeding requires appropriate
surgical repair. Management of coagulopathy requires early recogni 2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997
ABSTRACTS
tion, laboratory monitoring, correction of metabolic defects, blood
products, replacement of clotting factors, antifibrinolytics and the
combined expertise of obstetricians, anesthesiologists, transfusion
medicine experts and hematologists.
AS163
Transfusion protocol in severe postpartum hemorrhage
Colucci G1,2, Helsing K1, Demarmels F1, Raio L3, Eberle B4,
Surbek D3, Lammle B1,5 and Alberio L1,6
1
r Hamatologie und H
Klinik fu
amatologisches Zentrallabor,
Universitatsspital Bern, Bern; 2Servizio di ematologia, Clinica
ur Gyn
akologie und Geburtshilfe;
Luganese, Lugano; 3Klinik f
4
r Anasthesie, Universit
Klinik fu
atsspital Bern, Bern, Switzerland;
5
r Thrombose und H
Centrum fu
amostase, Mainz, Germany;
6
Service et Laboratoire Central dH
ematologie, CHUV, University
Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
Background: The use of pharmacological agents and new surgical techniques to control severe postpartum hemorrhage (sPPH) have failed to
reduce the incidence of emergency postpartum hysterectomy.
Aims: To evaluate clinical outcome and effect of a standard transfusion protocol including early administration of hemostatic agents and
recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) in sPPH after vaginal or
caesarean delivery.
Methods: Single-center observational cohort study performed at our
tertiary care university hospital. Standard treatment protocol for
sPPH included early administration of uterotonic drugs, crystalloids,
tranexamic acid, blood products, fibrinogen and rFVIIa. Main outcome measures were bleeding volume, transfused products and hysterectomy. The cohort was compared to patients treated before the
introduction of this protocol.
Results: During the 8-year study period 74 patients with sPPH were
treated with three different therapeutic strategies: A) An in-house
protocol regulating the use of rFVIIa (36 months; n = 20); B)
Absence of an in-house guideline (27 months, n = 27), and C) The
above mentioned standardized treatment algorithm (33 months;
n = 27). Treatment with the standard transfusion protocol C was
associated with a significant reduction of bleeding volume compared
to strategies A and B (C median 3000 mL [IQR: 20004000 mL],
A 4500 mL [IQR: 30005500 mL] and B 6000 mL [IQR: 3000
6500 mL], P = 0.004), transfused erythrocyte concentrates (C n = 6
[IQR: 39], A n = 12 [IQR: 816] and B n = 12 [IQR: 616],
P = 0.007), fresh frozen plasma (C n = 5 [IQR: 28], A n = 10
[IQR: 713] and B n = 10 [IQR: 412], P = 0.004) and emergency
postpartum hysterectomy (C n = 1 [3.7%], A n = 5 [25%] and B
n = 10 [37%], P = 0.012).
Conclusion: Implementation of standardized institutional approach to
the management of sPPH is recommended. Transfusion protocols
should consider early administration of tranexamic acid and hemostatic products, including rFVIIa, in addition to uterotonic drugs and
blood products.
59
AS164
Management of 40 deliveries in 28 women with type 1
and type 2 von Willebrand disease
Tall F1, Roussel-Robert V2, Combe S2, Flaujac C1,
Ounnoughene N2, Ibrahim F1, Horellou M-H1 and Stieltjes N2
1
Service dh
ematologie biologique; 2Centre R
egional
^pitaux Universitaires Paris Centre Cochin, Paris,
dH
emophilie, Ho
France
Background: Post-partum hemorrhage (PPH) is reported in up to 37%
of deliveries among women with Von Willebrand disease (VWD).
While women with type 3 VWD undoubtedly require replacement
therapy, recommendations for women with type 1 and 2 are still
debated.
Aims: We report our experience in the delivery of women with VWD
in light of published guildelines.
Methods: We followed 40 consecutive deliveries (28 vaginal deliveries
(VD) and 12 cesarean sections (CS)), between 1992 and 2014, in 28
women with VWD (9 type 1, 19 type 2 excluding type 2B). Eight women
had basal ristocetin cofactor activity (VWF:RCo) < 10 UI dL1, 15
women had VWF:RCo between 10 and 30 UI dL1 and the 5 women
with type 2N VWD had basal factor VIII (FVIII:C) 30 UI dL1.
Results: At the end of pregnancy, VWF:RCo was < 50 UI dL1 in 18
women (25 deliveries) with FVIII:C < 50 UI dL1 in 3 women (4
deliveries); FVIII:C was < 50 UI dL1 in 3 women (4 deliveries) with
type 2N. Neuroaxial anesthesia was performed for 7 deliveries in
women with factors levels 49 UI dL1. Desmopressin has been
infused for 19 deliveries (12 VD and 7 CS): one single infusion in 14
cases, a second one 12 h later in 5 cases and a third one 36 h later in 1
case. One PPH (2.5%), attributed to uterine atony after a CS with desmopressin therapy, was solved by sulprostone and tranexamic acid.
Six excessive bleeding were treated by desmopressin (n = 6) and manual exploration of the uterine cavity (n = 4). Profuse lochia in 2
women, hemorrhagic resumption of menses (without loss of hemoglobin) in 1, and wound hematoma in 1 required oral tranexamic acid.
Eleven deliveries in 9 women with VWF:RCo < 50 UI dL1 and/or
FVIII:C < 50 UI dL1 occurred without bleeding complication in the
absence of treatment. No women received Von Willebrand factor concentrate or blood transfusion.
Conclusion: Our experience suggests that replacement therapy should
not be systematic in women with type 1 or 2 VWD (except type 2B),
even in the absence of correction of VWF:RCo and/or FVIII levels at
the time of delivery.
AS165
Postpartum bleeding and neuroaxial anesthesia in
patients with factor XI deficiency
Klute K1, Chapin J1, Christos P2 and DeSancho M1
1
Hematology and Medical Oncology; 2Biostatistics and
Epidemiology, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
Background: Factor XI deficiency (fXId) is a rare bleeding disorder.
Affected patients are at increased risk of bleeding, yet fXI activity levels (fXIa) do not reliably predict bleeding complications. Variable
bleeding rates make peripartum management of women with fXId a
challenge.
Aims: To characterize rates of peripartum bleeding and complications
of neuroaxial anesthesia in patients with fXId
Methods: After approval from the institutional review board, we
reviewed the charts of all female patients with fXId seen by our hematology practice between 2010 and 2014. We reviewed fXIa, obstetric
and bleeding history, and peripartum complications. Severity of disease was characterized by FXIa > 15% (partial deficiency (PD)) or
15% (severe deficiency SD).
60
ABSTRACTS
Results: Our analysis included 13 patients, 36 pregnancies and 34 term

deliveries. Median baseline fXIa was 38% (158%). Median baseline
aPTT was 35.4 s (28.153.2 s).
Thirty-four pregnancies were carried to term26 (76.5%) in patients
with PD, 8 (23.5%) in patients with SD and 25 (73.5%) in patients
with bleeding history. Subchorionic hematoma occurred in 2 pregnancies (6.25%), both with PD and bleeding history. Two deliveries were
complicated by post-partum hemorrhage (1 SD, 1 PD); the patient
with SD had received prophylactic FFP and both patients had bleeding histories (menorrhagia, gingival bleeding). Overall 32 (94.1%)
deliveries were uncomplicated, despite the use of prophylaxis in only 2
(6.35%) deliveries.
Neuroaxial anesthesia was used in 12 deliveries; all cases were in
patients with PD, and 7 (58.3%) were in patients with bleeding histories. Prophylactic factor was not used in any case, and no patient experienced complications.
Conclusion: In our small retrospective analysis delivery was uncomplicated in the majority of patients with fXd, including patients with SD.
There were no complications of neuroaxial anesthesia in patients with
PD. Prospective studies are needed to further characterize which
patients require prophylactic treatment.
AS166
Endothelium drives a pre-dic state in endotoxemia
with enhanced thrombosis and prolonged bleeding
secondary to impaired TIE2 function
Ceunynck KD, Fitch-Tewfik J, Higgins SJ, Parikh S and
Flaumenhaft R
Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard
Medical School, Boston, USA
Background: DIC is characterized by a consumptive coagulopathy that
results in both microvasculature occlusion and uncontrolled bleeding.
However, the acute effects of endotoxin that occur prior to dysregulation of the coagulation cascade are not well-studied.
Aims: Our aim was to identify endothelial responses to endotoxemia
that initiate DIC.
Methods: We monitored laser-induced thrombus formation in cremaster arterioles 13 h following IP injection of LPS. Bleeding times were
also evaluated.
Results: Platelet accumulation at injury sites following LPS exposure
was increased to 198% of control values (P = 0.02). Tail clip assays
demonstrated prolonged bleeding times in mice exposed to LPS for
3 h (P < 0.05). To determine whether the abnormalities in platelet
accumulation and bleeding were secondary to coagulation defects at
these early time points, we evaluated PT, aPTT, and platelet counts in
LPS-treated mice, which were all similar to untreated controls. We
also found no differences in PAR4-mediated platelet aggregation in
LPS-treated mice. These observations lead us to evaluate whether
endothelial abnormalities contribute to the early LPS-induced bleeding
tendency. Previous studies have shown that endotoxemia results in
substantially decreased function of the endothelial receptor Tie2. We
therefore evaluated thrombosis in Tie2+/ mice. There was a non-significant trend towards increased platelet accumulation and a significant increase in fibrin formation in Tie2+/ mice compared with WT
controls. To evaluate whether activation of Tie2 could reverse the
LPS-induced prolongation of bleeding times, WT mice were injected
with an angiopoietin-1 (a Tie2 receptor agonist) adenovirus vector
prior to LPS exposure. Injection of angiopoietin-1 adenovirus protected mice from LPS-induced prolongation of bleeding time.
Conclusion: These studies demonstrate that the bleeding propensity in
DIC begins prior to the consumptive coagulopathy and may result
from impaired Tie2 signaling.
Platelet structure and function

AS167
The role of gap junctions in platelet function
Vaiyapuri S1, Bye A1, Benn M1, Sakurai Y2, Lam W2 and
Gibbins JM1
1
School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading,
UK; 2Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Emory
University, Atlanta, USA
Platelet activation at sites of arterial injury culminates in the assembly
of a thrombus, a process that is triggered by an array of pro-thrombotic factors. Extensive data supports the notion that platelet cell signalling does not cease with the formation of a thrombus, but instead
sustained contact-dependent signalling persists within the thrombus,
that is import for its stability, contraction, and potentially resolution.
Reports of the abilities of leukocytes to form gap junctions, led us to
test the hypothesis that platelets posses gap junction (GJ) proteins
(connexins) that may support direct intercellular signalling between
platelets to enable coordinated control of thrombus formation and
function. Platelets were found to possess several connexin family members, with notable levels of Cx37 and Cx40, and electron microscopy
analysis of thrombi revealed structures with the typical appearance of
GJs. Intercellular communication through GJs was confirmed using
fluorescence recovery after photobleaching which was prevented by
selective connexin inhibitors. Inhibition or deletion of connexins in
platelets was found to prevent clot retraction, a process that we envisage requires coordination between platelets. Prior to docking between
cells to form GJs connexins have been shown to display hemichannel
function. Single cell analysis of platelets revealed a role for Cx37 and
Cx40 hemichannels in the control of platelet activation. The inhibition
or deletion of connexins on platelets revealed a fundamental role for
hemichannels and GJs in haemotasis and thrombosis, raising the possibility that their regulation may provide a new anti-thrombotic avenue. Towards this and through the use of micro-arrayed adhesive
agonists and high speed live cell imaging, we have developed a platform to determine the mechanisms through which connexin function
may be regulated and to establish the nature of molecules conveyed
through these structures in platelets.
AS168
Integrin PSI domain has endogenous thiol isomerase
function and is a novel target for anti-thrombotic
therapy
Carrim N1, Zhu G1, Reddy EC1, Xu M1, Xu X2, Wang Y3, Hou Y2,
Ma L3, Lavalle C2, Li Y3, Rui M3, Petruzziello T3, Lei X2,
Reheman A2, Chen P3, Wilkins JA4, Hynes RO5, Freedman J6 and
Ni H3
1
Laboratory of Medicine and Pathobiology, Keenan Research
Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michaels Hospital;
2
Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michaels Hospital;
3
Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michaels Hospital,
Canadian Blood Services, Toronto; 4Department of Internal
Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; 5Howard
Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology,
Cambridge, USA; 6Department of Medicine, Keenan Research
Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michaels Hospital, Toronto,
Canada
Background: Integrins are a large family receptors expressed on almost
all cells. Integrin b subunits contain a highly conserved PSI domain.
ABSTRACTS
The CXXC motif, the active site of protein disulfide isomerase (PDI),
is expressed twice in this domain of all integrins across species. However, the role of PSI domain in integrins and whether it contains thiol
isomerase activity have not been explored.
Aims: To investigate the thiol isomerase activity of the PSI domain of
integrins and its effect on b3 integrin activation.
Methods: We generated recombinant PSI (rPSI) domains of murine
b3, human b1/b2 integrins, b3 rPSI mutants, and detected their endogenous PDI-like activity by refolding of denatured RNase. We also
developed mouse anti-mouse b3 PSI domain monoclonal antibodies
(mAb) in b3/ mice and detected their anti-thrombotic effect using
two complimentary intravital microscopy models and a carotid artery
thrombosis model.
Results: We identified that all integrin PSI domains tested have endogenous PDI-like activity, and both CXXC motifs of b3 integrin PSI
domain are required to maintain its optimal enzyme function since
mutating one or both of them decreased or abolished their PDI-like
activity. Through a competitive binding assay and western blot analysis, we demonstrated our anti-PSI mAbs have different binding affinities to rPSI and their mutants, suggesting diversity among them. These
mAbs cross-reacted with b3 PSI domains of human and other species
and specifically inhibited their PDI-like activity. Similar to bacitracin
(a PDI inhibitor), these mAbs inhibited integrin activation and
reduced PAC-1 binding to purified human b3 integrin. Importantly,
these mAbs abrogated murine and human platelet aggregation in vitro,
thrombus growth ex vivo and in vivo in both small and large vessels.
Conclusion: The PSI domain has endogenous PDI activity and is a key
regulator of integrin activation. These findings should have broad
implications for all integrin functions and provide a novel target for
anti-thrombotic therapies.
AS169
The wave complex member Hem1 is a critical regulator
of platelet size and function in mice
Dutting S1, Stritt S1, Schiel S1, Krohne G2, Stradal T3 and
Nieswandt B1
1
Department of Experimental Biomedicine; 2Biocenter, University
rzburg, Wu
rzburg; 3Department of Cell Biology, Helmholtz
Wu
Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
Background: Regulation of the actin cytoskeleton is essential for platelet production by megakaryocytes (MK) and for proper platelet function. The haematopoietic cell-specific adaptor protein Hem1 is a
component of the WAVE complex which is activated by the Rho
GTPase Rac1 and promotes actin polymerisation. Although the Rac1
effectors WAVE, PAK and Arp2/3 are supposed to transmit diverse
signalling events, their precise roles in regulating platelet biogenesis
and function have remained elusive.
Aims: We tested the hypothesis that Hem1 is an important regulator of
platelet activation and cytoskeletal rearrangements.
Methods: Platelet function was assessed in mice with a constitutive
deficiency of Hem1 using flow cytometric analysis of cellular activation
processes and flow adhesion systems. GPIIb/IIIa-mediated outside-in
signalling was analysed by performing platelet spreading assays. Platelet and MK morphology were assessed in vitro and in situ by confocal
and transmission electron microscopy. In vivo function of platelets was
studied in a model of arterial thrombosis.
Results: Ablation of Hem1 resulted in a dramatic increase in platelet
size without affecting platelet counts. The number of bone marrow
MKs were slightly reduced and they exhibited (i) a thickened peripheral
zone, (ii) large platelet territories, or (iii) severely altered morphology.
Hem1-deficient platelets showed impaired degranulation and markedly
reduced integrin activation upon stimulation of GPVI, CLEC-2 or G
protein-coupled receptors, resulting in impaired adhesion and throm-
61
bus formation on collagen under flow. Furthermore, spreading on

fibrinogen was impaired in Hem1-deficient platelets, whereas F-actin
content and polymerisation were unaltered. In vivo, these defects translated into a protection from arterial thrombus formation.
Conclusion: Our results reveal a crucial role of Hem1 in platelet production and function, while it is dispensable for general actin assembly
in these cells.
AS170
VAMP-7 links granule exocytosis to platelet spreading
Koseoglu S1,2, Fitch-Tewfik JL1,2, Peters CG1,2, Aisiku O1,2,
Danglot L3, Galli T3 and Flaumenhaft R1,2
1
Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; 2Medicine,
Harvard Medical Shool, Boston, USA; 3INSERM, Institut Jacques
Monod, Paris, France
Background: Physiologic platelet granule secretion occurs following
adhesion of platelets to injured vasculature. However, granule exocytosis has historically been studied in suspension platelets, while the
mechanisms of granule exocytosis in adherent platelets remains poorly
understood. VAMP-7 is a unique SNARE that contains a N-terminal
profilin-like domain capable of associating with actin binding proteins
and, thus, may serve as a link between platelet granule secretion and
spreading.
Aims: To evaluate the role of VAMP-7 in platelet granule release and
spreading.
Methods: We studied platelets from VAMP-7/ mice in assays of exocytosis and spreading.
Results: VAMP-7/ platelets demonstrated defective agonist-induced
dense granule exocytosis and impaired aggregation compared to WT
controls. a-Granule exocytosis from VAMP-7/ platelets was diminished both in vitro and in vivo during thrombus formation. Exocytosis
defects were overcome at higher agonist concentrations, indicating
normal cargo stores. Immunoprecipitation of VAMP-7 from platelet
lysates followed by mass spectroscopy indicated interactions of
VAMP-7 with the actin-binding complex Arp2/3, VARP, and filamin
A. Results were confirmed by immunoblot analysis. To determine
whether platelet spreading contributes to granule release, P-selectin
expression in the presence of the small molecule Arp2/3 complex inhibitor, CK869, was evaluated. CK869 blocked granule release as indicated by P-selectin expression in spreading platelets, but not platelets
in suspension, demonstrating that actin polymerization during spreading contributes to platelet granule release. Conversely, spreading of
VAMP-7/ platelets on collagen was decreased by > 50% (P < 0.05)
compared to WT controls, demonstrating that granule secretion contributes to platelet spreading.
Conclusion: VAMP-7 links granule exocytosis with actin polymerization and its interaction with cytoskeleton is crucial for normal spreading and granular release in platelets.
AS171
Shear-induced GPIb-IX signaling via unfolding of its
juxtamembrane mechanosensory domain
Deng W1, Syed AK1, Liang X1, Lanza F2 and Li R1
1
Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, USA; 2UMR S_949
INSERM, Universit
e de Strasbourg, EFS-Alsace, Strasbourg Cedex,
France
Background: Platelets sense shear forces while responding to vascular
injury through the interaction of GPIb-IX to VWF. How GPIb-IX
62
ABSTRACTS
functions as a shear sensor and receptor is not clear. We recently identified a mechanosensitive domain (MSD) in GPIbalpha that unfolds
upon mechanical pulling on the engaged A1 domain of VWF. The
unfolding force of MSD is relatively small, suggesting that physiological shear may trigger GPIb-IX signaling.
Aims: To demonstrate that physiological shear induces deformation of
MSD and transmits signals into the platelet.
Methods: Uniform shear stress (030 dyn cm2) was applied to fresh
citrated human PRP via a cone-plate viscometer. Botrocetin (Bt) was
added to induce VWF binding. Unfolding of MSD in GPIb-IX and
platelet signaling were monitored by FACS using site-specific fluorescent probes. Also the filopodia extension of stable CHO cells expressing GPIb-IX, consequent upon adhesion on the VWF/Bt-coated
surface and indicative of GPIb-IX signaling, was analyzed by confocal
microscopy.
Results: Shear induced Bt-dependent crosslinking of platelets and
markedly enhanced binding of antibody 5G6 to its 10-residue epitope
in the MSD, but not that of antibody RAM.1 to GPIbbeta, on these
platelets. 5G6 and RAM.1 do not interfere with each others binding
to GPIb-IX. Bt+shear, but not Bt alone, induced a drastic change in
FRET between donor-5G6 and quencher-RAM.1, and concurrently
increased P-selectin expression in platelets. Partial deletions of MSD,
which disrupted the integrity of MSD, significantly enhanced the filopodia extension in CHO cells expressing mutant GPIb-IX, providing
further support for a critical role of MSD in mediating GPIb-IX signaling.
Conclusion: Upon VWF binding and physiological shear, the MSD in
GPIb-IX is unraveled and transmits signals into the platelet. These
results demonstrate that MSD in GPIb-IX senses and responds to
physiological shear, providing critical insights on the pathophysiology
of von Willebrand disease.
Vascular remodeling
AS172
Molecular parallels between neural and vascular
development
Eichmann A
Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of
Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
Anatomical parallels between the nervous and the vascular system are
readily apparent in peripheral body tissues, where blood vessels and
nerves ramify throughout nearly all domains of the body and are usually aligned. To orchestrate the formation of their highly branched,
exquisitely wired networks, nerves and blood vessels have developed
shared cellular and molecular principles. At the cellular level, axons of
developing neurons and capillaries use specialized motile structures to
ensure their directional guidance. In axons, a growth cone is situated
at the axon extremity and ensures axon guidance towards its distant
target. In blood vessels, specialized motile endothelial cells (EC) situated at the capillary tips ensure capillary guidance during sprouting
angiogenesis. Molecularly, common signaling molecules guide vascular
and axonal outgrowth. Axonal growth cones and tip cells express
receptors for axon guidance molecules, including Neuropilin receptors
(Nrps), Eph family receptor tyrosine kinases, PlexinD1, Robo4 and
UNC5B. Loss-of-function of the genes encoding these receptors leads
to defects in vessel formation and in most cases to embryonic death,
indicating a critical function of axon guidance receptors in vascular
development. Their guidance properties and vascular expression
makes them attractive targets for approaches directed at inhibiting
tumor angiogenesis, or conversely for guiding new vessels towards
ischemic tissue areas.
AS173
Extracellular histones exert a differential cytotoxic and
antiangiogenic effect in progenitor and mature
endothelial cells
Mena HA, Carestia A, Schattner M and Negrotto S
Laboratory of Experimental Thrombosis, Institute of Experimental
Medicine, National Academy of Medicine-Conicet, Buenos Aires,
Argentina
Background: Histones are main components of neutrophil extracellular
traps, which are highly augmented not only in infection but also in
sites of neovessel formation, like peritumoral and regeneration tissues.
Extracelullar histone cytotoxic effect on endothelial cells has been previously studied, although the mechanism involved are not fully understood.
Aims: To further analyze histone cytotoxicity in endothelial cells and
whether histones affect endothelial angiogenic functions.
Methods: Endothelial cells from micro (HMEC1) and macrovascular
(HUVEC) beds and late outgrowth endothelial colony forming cells
(ECFC) were treated with individual human recombinant histones.
P < 0.05, ANOVA, n = 58.
Results: All histones triggered both necrosis and apoptosis in all cell
types (fluorescence microscopy). Apoptosis was fully suppressed by
the pancaspase inhibitor Z-VAD-fmk (98100%) while necrosis was
partially reduced (6575%). Flow cytometric analysis of Ki67/PI
staining showed that H2B, H3 and H4 induced cell cycle arrest of
ECFC (17 3, 21 4, 22 3% of cell in G0), HUVEC (31 2,
29 5, 59 6%) and HMEC1 (25 4, 31 2, 22 4%) and all
histones exert a similar inhibition of EGM2- and SDF1-driven transwell migration of ECFC (58 6 and 74 3%), HUVEC (55 5
and 45 4%) and HMEC1 (25 2 and 30 3%). Tubule formation on matrigel was also selectively impaired by histones. This inhibitory effect correlated with p38 phosphorylation levels (immunoblot)
and was significantly prevented by the p38 inhibitor SB203580 (75
90%). Histone-mediated cytotoxic and antiangiogenic effects were
fully suppressed by unfractioned and low molecular weight heparins
(95100%) and reduced by TLR2 and TLR4 blocking antibodies
(55% and 65%).
Conclusion: Our results show that histones exert a differential cytotoxic and antiangiogenic effect not only in mature endothelial cells but
also in late outgrowth endothelial progenitor cells, and point out heparin and TLR2/TLR4 blockade as possible therapeutic strategies to
improve tissue regeneration.
AS174
Blood cells-derived matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2
contributes to abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA)
development in a mouse model of hypertension/
hypercholesterolemia
Momi S, Falcinelli E and Gresele P
Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
Background: MMPs, and in particular MMP-2 and MMP-9, are
involved in AAA formation by degrading extracellular matrix components. Platelets and circulating leukocytes contain and release MMP-2
but their role in AAA formation is not known.
Aims: Aim of our study was to evaluate the contribution of blood cellderived MMP-2 to AAA formation in a mouse model of hypertension/
hypercholesterolemia.
Methods: We generated a new mouse strain, LDLR/eNOS/mice
(dKO), in which hypertension and hyperlipidemia are simultaneously
present. We then developed chimeric mice by cross-transplanting bone
marrow from MMP-2/ mice into the dKO mice. After 16 weeks of
ABSTRACTS
high fat diet blood pressure, cholesterol level, AAA formation and
expression of MMP-2 in abdominal aortic extracts were evaluated.
Results: Blood pressure was increased equally in dKO and in eNOS/
mice (139 4.2 and 136 2.8 vs. 102 6 mmHg in LDLR/);
total serum cholesterol was enhanced equally in dKO and in LDLR/
mice (25.3 0.8 and 24.4 0.3 vs. 4.98 0.34 mmol L1 in
eNOS/).
Ten of 18 (~55%) of dKO mice developed AAA vs. none of LDLR/
(0/18, 0%) and of eNOS/ mice (0/8, 0%; P < 0.0001). dKO mice
transplanted with bone marrow from MMP-2/ mice did not develop
AAA (0/7, 0%). MMP-2 in AAA extracts of dKO animals was significantly enhanced as compared to LDLR/ (0.46 0.11 vs.
0.18 0.1 ng lg1 of proteins) while it was unchanged in chimeric
mice (0.15 0.08 ng lg1 of proteins). Moreover, circulating platelet
P-selectin expression (52 4% vs. 71 5%, P < 0.05) and platelet
leukocyte complexes (17 6% vs. 37 3.7%, P < 0.05) were
reduced in chimeric mice as compared to dKO mice.
Conclusion: Our data show that hypertension together with hypercholesterolemia induce the generation of AAA by facilitating the penetration of blood-borne inflammatory cells expressing MMP-2 in the
abdominal aorta. This new murine model can be useful for the assessment of new therapies aimed at reducing AAA development.
AS175
Mechanism of regulation of VEGF-A by junctional
adhesion molecule-A, an endogenous suppressor of
angiogenesis
Naik M and Naik UP
Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
Background: Vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) expression is normally suppressed in quiescent endothelial cells, but is upregulated during ischemia and tumor growth.
Aims: To delineate the mechanism of suppression of VEGF-A expression by junctional adhesion molecule-A (JAM-A), a tight junction protein.
Methods: In vivo and ex vivo angiogenesis assays and tumor growth
were performed using Jam-A null mice with wild-type (WT) mice used
as control. Vascular permeability was assessed by Miles assay. Q-PCR
and Western blot analyses were used to assess gene expression.
Results: Congenic Jam-A null mice showed significantly enhanced
(P < 0.004) vascular permeability. Plasma levels of VEGF-A in JamA null mice were age-dependently increased (P < 0.001) compared to
WT mice. mRNA levels of VEGF-A were increased (P < 0.001) in
Jam-A null endothelial cells (EC). We found Hypoxia inducible factor-1a (HIF1-a) mRNA expression was amplified (P < 0.02) in EC
lacking Jam-A. Interestingly, VEGF-A-induced angiogenesis was
enhanced (P < 0.001) in the absence of Jam-A. Vascular EC isolated
from Jam-A null mouse aorta showed enhanced (P < 0.05) cell
migration and tube-like structure formation in response to VEGF-A.
Furthermore, both mRNA and protein levels of VEGFR2, but not
soluble Flt (sFlt), which is known to trap VEGF-A, were also
increased (P < 0.001) in Jam-A null EC. The mRNA and protein
expression of inhibitor of DNA binding 1 (Id1), a transcription factor
known to upregulate VEGFR2 gene, were augmented (P < 0.02) in
EC lacking Jam-A. Consistent with this finding, the overexpression of
JAM-A in HUVECs attenuated the levels of Id1. Enhanced tumor
growth and angiogenesis as well as vascular permeability in Jam-A
null mice were completely inhibited by blocking VEGFR2 using antiVEGFR2.
Conclusion: JAM-A suppresses V EGF-A/VEGFR2 expression in quiescent EC by attenuating transcription factors HIF-1a and Id1 expression.
63
AS176
Platelet endothelial aggregation receptor-1: a novel
modifier of neoangiogenesis
Vandenbriele C1, Kauskot A1, Vandersmissen I1, Criel M1,
Craps S1, Luttun A1, Janssens S2, Verhamme P1 and Hoylaerts M1
1
Cardiovascular Sciences; 2Cardiology, Department of
Cardiovascular Sciences, Ku Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
Background: Platelet Endothelial Aggregation Receptor-1 (PEAR1) is
a cell membrane protein, expressed on platelets and endothelial cells
(ECs). PEAR1 sustains aIIbb3-activation in aggregating platelets and
attenuates megakaryopoiesis via controlling the degree of phosphorylation of Akt.
Aims: The aim of this study was to unravel the role of PEAR1 in EC
biology.
Methods: We compared the expression of PEAR1 in human endothelium of various tissues and determined its role for EC function in vitro and for angiogenesis in Pear1/ mice.
Results: PEAR1 is present on the membrane of human cultured ECs
and it coincided with CD31 in various tissues. PEAR1-expression was
variable in ECs of different origin. Lentiviral knockdown of PEAR1 in
cultured ECs by 70% doubled EC proliferation, in turn enhancing
in vitro tube formation on matrigel through the Akt/PTEN-dependent
p21/CDC2-pathway. Even when physiological blood vessel formation
was unaffected in Pear1/ mice, neoangiogenesis in these mice was
significantly increased both in a hind limb ischemia ligation model
(4.7-fold increase in capillary density in the ligated limb of Pear1/
mice compared to ligated limbs in WT mice) and in a skin wound healing model (resulting in a 2-fold faster wound closure in Pear1/ mice
compared to WT littermates).
Conclusion: We established an inverse correlation between endothelial
PEAR1-expression and EC proliferation driven vascular assembly
both in vitro and in vivo. These findings identify PEAR1 as a novel
modifier of neoangiogenesis.
ADAMTS-13
AS177
ADAMTS13: dynamic interactions with VWF
Lane DA
Haematology/Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
Dynamic interactions control the outcome of encounters between
VWF and its cleaving protease, ADAMTS13. Contact between ADAMTS13 and globular (folded) VWF, initially believed to be a positioning interaction, has now been shown to induce a conformation
change in ADAMTS13. When the surface orientated VWF D4CK
domains engage the distal TSP and CUB domains of ADAMTS13, the
protease is induced to unfold from a compact structure mediated by a
Spacer-CUB domain interaction, into an active conformation. In this
active conformation, the functional Spacer domain exosite is
unmasked and thereby made available for interaction with its cryptic
VWF A2 domain complementary exosite. The resulting conformational activation of ADAMTS13 reveals the dominant auto antigenic
determinant recognised by autoantibodies responsible for acquired
TTP. The VWF substrate undergoes shear driven dynamic interactions
that initiate its cleavage by ADAMTS13. The stabilising structural features controlling the unfolding of the VWF A2 domain have been
identified and characterised. A vicinal Cys disulphide bond at its C-terminus provides an extractable hydrophobic plug. An intradomain
Ca2+ binding site provides strand cohesion. A third stabilising element
of the VWF A2 domain is the N-glycan at position 1574, which independently provides resistance to unfolding. Increasing shear progres-
64
ABSTRACTS
sively disrupts these stabilising elements, exposes the cryptic (ADAMTS13) Spacer, Cys-rich and Disintegrin domain complementary exosites on the unfolded VWF A2 domain, allowing tight binding of
conformationally activated ADAMTS13 and orientation of the VWF
scissile bond over the catalytic centre of its MP domain. Collectively,
these dynamic interactions provide a framework for understanding of
VWF regulation by ADAMTS13 and suggest how protease action
could be enhanced for therapeutic purposes.
AS178
ADAMTS13-induced unfolding of the von Willebrand
factor A2 domain
Deforche L1, Feys HB2, Ceunynck KD3, Vandenbulcke A1,
Vandeputte N1, Roose E1, Fujimura Y4, Soejima K5, Lane DA6,
Luken B6, Evan Sadler J7, Deckmyn H1, De Meyer SF1 and
Vanhoorelbeke K1
1
Laboratory for Thrombosis Research, IRF Life Sciences, KU
Leuven kulak, Kortrijk; 2Transfusion Research Center, Belgian
Red Cross Flanders, Gent, Belgium; 3Beth Israel Deaconess
Medical Center (BIDMC), Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA;
4
Department of Blood Transfusion Medicine, Nara Medical
University, Kashihara; 5Research Department 1, The ChemoSero-Therapeutic Research Institute, kikuchi, Japan; 6Centre for
Haematology, Imperial College London, London, UK;
7
Departments of Medicine, Biochemistry, and Molecular
Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis,
USA
Background: Distal (T2-CUB2) ADAMTS13 domains are crucial for
binding to folded VWF. When VWF unfolds due to high shear, high
affinity binding sites for the proximal (MDTCS) domains are exposed,
promoting cleavage. The exosites in the distal domains involved in
VWF binding have not been elucidated.
Aims: Identification of crucial distal domain(s) in the ADAMTS13VWF interaction.
Methods: ADAMTS13 binding to folded VWF was assayed by
ELISA. VWF was captured with an anti-VWF monoclonal antibody
(mAb). ADAMTS13 (FL-ADAMTS13) or variants were added and
detected with anti-ADAMTS13 mAbs. Proteolysis of folded VWF was
studied under static non-denaturing conditions.
Results: The T8 domain was shown to comprise the major binding site
for folded VWF by using ADAMTS13 variants with individual
domain deletions. Compatible with this, partial inhibition of ADAMTS13 binding (79 6%, n = 5) was observed with an anti-T8 mAb.
Unexpectedly, an anti-spacer mAb also inhibited ADAMTS13 binding
( 31 2%, n = 3). This was not due to steric hindrance because a
FL-ADAMTS13 variant with point mutations in the spacer domain
that abolish VWF A2 binding, also showed reduced bind to folded
VWF ( 16 6%, n = 3). Hence, ADAMTS13 binding to folded
VWF via its distal domains induces a conformational change that
exposes the spacer binding site in the VWF A2 domain. This was supported by reduced binding of FL-TS13 (35 11% compared to FLVWF, n = 3) when a disulfide bridge-locked A2 domain variant VWFCC2 was used. Interestingly, when folded VWF was incubated with
MDTCS for 5 to 16 h, no proteolysis occurred (due to the folded
structure). However, when FL-ADAMTS13 was added, VWF proteolysis was observed (for 5 and 16 h respectively 2.8 1.2 and
3.1 0.4-fold increase, n 5), indicating ADAMTS13-induced
unfolding of the A2 domain, allowing proteolysis.
Conclusion: Binding of ADAMTS13 to folded VWF via its distal T8
domain leads to unfolding of the VWF A2 domain and subsequent
cleavage.
AS179
N-linked glycosylation is a modulator of ADAMTS13
expression, structure and function
Nowak AA, de Groot R, Laffan MA and McKinnon TA
Haematology, Imperial College London, London, UK
Background: ADAMTS13 (AD13) is a glycoprotein that regulates the
multimeric size, therefore haemostatic potential of Von Willebrand
Factor (VWF).
Aims: We aimed to investigate the effect of AD13 N-linked glycans
(NLGs) on its proteolytic activity.
Methods: Wild-type AD13 and NLG variants were expressed in
HEK293T cells and purified. Full length (FL) AD13 or AD13 containing the metalloprotease through spacer domain (MDTCS) with NLGs
or terminal sialic acid (SA) removed by enzymic digestion were also
used. The ability of the AD13 molecules to cleave VWF was assessed
under static and flow conditions. Binding was determined using static
phase binding assays and immunoprecipitation.
Results: Removal of terminal SA or entire NLGs from both FL-AD13
and MDTCS reduced cleavage of small AD13 substrates (FRETS-76,
VWF-A2 domain) and significantly reduced cleavage of FL-VWF
under flow. Intriguingly, while PNGaseF treatment of FL-AD13 significantly decreased its binding to VWF-A2 domain; removal of NLGs
from MDTCS did not affect VWF binding. We hypothesise that NLG
modulate the recently determined intermolecular interaction within
AD13, and their absence alters AD13 conformation in solution. To
investigate this further we assessed proteolytic activity of AD13 devoid
of NLGs in the CUB domains. Interestingly, mutations N1235Q and
N1354Q enhanced the ability of AD13 to interact and proteolyse
VWF under static and shear stress conditions.
Conclusion: We propose that the NLGs in the CUB domains of AD13
interact with the spacer domain and help to maintain the closed conformation of AD13. These data highlight the importance of AD13
NLGs for synthesis, secretion and maintenance of AD13 structure and
their ability to modulate the interaction with VWF. The description of
new gain of function mutants may be of therapeutic use. Furthermore,
since the removal of terminal SA residues directly affects AD13 function further investigation is warranted into pathological states such as
sepsis, where protein SA content maybe altered.
AS180
ADAMTS13 deficiency worsens murine colitis and
treatment of wild type colitic mice with rhADAMTS13
leads to improvement
Zitomersky NL1,2,3, Demers M2,3, Martinod K2,3, Gallant M2 and
Wagner DD2,3,4
1
Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition;
2
Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Childrens
Hospital; 3Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School;
4
Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Childrens Hospital,
Boston, USA
Background: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a disease of chronic
intestinal inflammation affecting 1.8 million people in the U.S.
Patients with IBD are at three fold higher risk of thromboembolism,
and this risk rises to 15 fold with active disease. Von Willebrand factor
(VWF) is released from activated endothelium and binds both platelets
and leukocytes. Thus VWF is both pro-thrombotic and pro-inflammatory. ADAMTS13 is a matrix metalloprotease which cleaves highly
adhesive ultra large VWF. Patients with IBD have elevated plasma
VWF, which rises further with disease activity.
Aims: To determine if ADAMTS13/ mice have worse colitis than
wild type (WT). To investigate if treatment of WT colitic mice with
recombinant human ADAMTS13 (rhADAMTS13) improves colitis.
ABSTRACTS
Methods: Dextran Sodium Sulfate (DSS) in drinking water induces
acute colitis in mice as DSS is toxic to gut epithelium. DSS colitis was
induced in ADAMTS13/ and WT mice. Two additional groups of
WT mice were given DSS and treated with rhADAMTS13 or vehicle
control.
Results: ADAMTS13/ mice had more severe colitis compared to
WT based on clinical colitis scores, histologic scoring of colonic tissue
(P < 0.05), weight loss, and anemia (P < 0.0005). Colonic sub-mucosal vessels of ADAMTS13/ mice with colitis had one or more VWFrich thrombi whereas none were observed in control tissue (P < 0.02).
Colonic tissue from WT colitic mice had increased areas of intra and
extra vascular VWF by fluorescent staining (P < 0.005) compared to
control mice and this tended to increase further with ADAMTS13
deficiency (P = 0.05). Plasma VWF increased with colitis, more so in
WT compared to ADAMTS13/ mice (P < 0.005). rhADAMTS13
treatment of WT mice with DSS colitis decreased weight loss, clinical
colitis scores, and plasma IL-6 (P < 0.03), but did not worsen anemia
(P = 0.62).
Conclusion: rhADAMTS13 may be of utility as an anti-inflammatory
and antithrombotic agent in colitis which does not worsen anemia.
Disclosure of Interest: N. Zitomersky: None Declared, M. Demers:
None Declared, K. Martinod: None Declared, M. Gallant: None
Declared, D. Wagner Grant/Research Support from: Baxter Biosciences.
AS181
Von Willebrand factor, ADAMTS13 and the risk of
mortality: the rotterdam study
Sonneveld MAH1, Ikram MA2,3,4, Kavousi M4, Hofman A4,
Franco OH4, Leebeek FW1 and de Maat MP1
1
Hematology; 2Radiology; 3Neurology; 4Epidemiology, Erasmus
University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Background: Von Willebrand Factor (VWF) is a protein that plays a
major role in platelet adhesion and aggregation. Large VWF multimers are cleaved into smaller, less coagulant forms by the metalloprotease ADAMTS13. Previous studies have shown that VWF and
ADAMTS13 are associated with the risk of ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction, but it is not yet known what the relationship is
between these factors and mortality.
Aims: To prospectively establish the relationship between VWF levels,
ADAMTS13 activity, and all-cause and cause specific mortality.
Methods: We included 6511 participants of the Rotterdam Study, a
population-based cohort study among individuals 55 years. ADAMTS13 activity was measured by FRETS-VWF73 and VWF:antigen
(VWF:Ag) levels by ELISA. We determined the association between
these levels and mortality by Cox proportional hazard regression
analysis. Informed consent was obtained and the study was approved
by a medical ethics committee.
Results: Over a median follow-up time of 11.3 years, 1868 individuals
died (30.5%), of whom 442 due to cardiovascular disease (7.2%). In
individuals with VWF:Ag levels in the highest quartile, the risks of allcause mortality (HR 1.21, 95% CI 1.061.38) was higher than in those
in the lowest quartile. For cardiovascular mortality the risk was 1.29
(95% CI 0.981.70). In individuals with the lowest ADAMTS13 activity, the risks of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality were
higher than in those with the highest ADAMTS13 activity (HR 1.46,
95% CI 1.261.69; HR 1.46, 95% CI 1.091.96; respectively). The
risks of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality were even higher in
individuals with both low ADAMTS13 activity and high VWF:Ag levels. ADAMTS13 activity and VWF levels were not associated with the
risk of cancer and COPD related mortality.
Conclusion: In this large prospective cohort study, we show that VWF:
Ag levels and ADAMTS13 activity are both associated with an
increased risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality.
65
Disclosure of Interest: M. Sonneveld: None Declared, M. Ikram: None

Declared, M. Kavousi: None Declared, A. Hofman: None Declared,
O. Franco: None Declared, F. Leebeek Grant/Research Support from:
Unrestricted research grant of Baxter, Consultant for: CSL Behring
and Baxter, M. de Maat: None Declared.
Novel anti-platelet agents

AS182
Chemoproteomic discovery of novel anti-platelet
targets
Parise L1,2, Majumder R1,2, Wang P2 and Holly SP2
1
McAllister Heart Institute; 2Department of Biochemistry and
Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel
Hill, USA
We previously used a chemoproteomic strategy in human platelets to
identify a novel lipid hydrolase, arylacetamide deacetylase-like 1 (AADACL1) that contributes to platelet aggregation and secretion. Here
we tested the hypothesis that AADACL1 regulates platelet function by
controlling the levels of its major lipid substrate or deacetylated product. Since our previous evidence suggests that AADACL1 modulates
platelet reactivity at or near the level of PKCs, we asked whether these
lipids bind directly to the lipid-binding C1 domains of specific platelet
PKC isoforms. We found that both the substrate, 2-acetyl MAGE,
and the product, MAGE, in small unilamellar vesicles bound the
PKCd C1b domain with high affinity, similar to the known PKC activator, diacylglycerol. However, only 2-acetyl MAGE, not MAGE
inhibited PKCd kinase activity in vitro. Similarly, in agonist-stimulated
platelets, only exogenously added 2-acetyl MAGE but not MAGE
inhibited platelet aggregation and secretion. Thus, these data reveal a
novel regulatory mechanism by which AADACL1 deacetylation of 2acetyl MAGE relieves an endogenous inhibitory constraint on PKC in
platelets.
AS183
A small molecule inhibitor of ASK1 protects mice from
thrombosis with minimal effect on hemostasis
Naik M1, Bachman B1, Maloney D2 and Naik UP1
1
Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia; 2Center
for Translational Therapeutics, NIH, Rockville, USA
Background: Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase (ASK1) is a serine/
threonine kinase, which is activated in response to stress. Role of
ASK1 in platelet function and thrombosis is not known.
Aims: To evaluate the effect of ASK1 inhibitor on platelet function
and thrombosis.
Methods: Phosphorylation of ASK1 and p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) were assessed by Western blotting. Tail bleeding
time was used to assess hemostasis. FeCl3-induced injury and pulmonary thromboembolism in C57/BL6 mice were performed to assess
thrombosis.
Results: We found that ASK1 is expressed in platelets and is rapidly
activated by physiological agonists. Genetic ablation of Ask1 in mice
results in severe anti-thrombotic phenotype. Lack of Ask1 affects
granular secretion, thromboxane A2 generation, as well as integrin
outside-in signaling. N-(6-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2yl)-4-(tert-butyl)benzamide, (IPTB) is a novel and highly specific inhibitor of ASK1 (Kd of 14 nM). We found that in human platelets, IPTB
dose-dependently inhibited activation of ASK1 and its downstream
effector p38 MAPK induced by 0.1U of thrombin. IPTB dose-depen-
66
ABSTRACTS
dently inhibited ADP- and PAR4 peptide-induced platelet aggregation. Furthermore, IPTB dose-dependently inhibited platelet spreading
on immobilized fibrinogen and fibrin clot retraction suggesting an
effect on both inside-out and outside-in signaling. Additionally, IPTB
dose-dependently delayed time to occlude vessel in FeCl3-induced carotid artery injury model. IPTB (100 lg kg1) completely rescued mice
from pulmonary thromboembolism induced by intravenous injection
of collagen and epinephrine. Interestingly, IPTB had no effect on tailbleeding time even at a dose as high as 1 mg kg1.
Conclusion: Our results strongly suggest that IPTB could attenuate
thrombosis with a minimal effect on hemostasis. This development
would make IPTB a novel potential therapeutic agent to be used to
combat thrombotic disorders with minimal side effects of bleeding.
AS184
Site specific inhibition of thrombus formation using
shear sensitive anti-thrombotic nanoparticles
Westein E, Molloy C, Yao J and Peter K
Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology, Baker IDI Heart and
Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
Background: Anti-platelet therapy, used to treat thrombosis after atherosclerotic plaque rupture, can result in fatal bleeding complications
because it is not tailored to act exclusively at sites of pathological
thrombus formation where blood shear stresses are typically very high.
Aims: To site specifically inhibit thrombus formation, using flow sensitive nanoparticles loaded with anti-platelet drugs, without causing systemic platelet inhibition.
Methods: Anti-platelet drugs were used as proof of principle to demonstrate the feasibility of localized drug delivery induced by high blood
shear stress. Cangrelor or eptifibatide were encapsulated in shear sensitive liposomes. Inhibition of thrombus formation by drug encapsulated nanoparticles was tested in microfluidic blood perfusion channels
and in vivo in the carotid artery and mesenteric arterioles of mice.
Results: Nanoparticle delivery of anti-platelet drugs inhibited in vitro
thrombus formation at sites of stenotic plaque geometries, i.e. at blood
shear rates > 1000 s1. Infusion of nanoparticles in mice prevented full
thrombotic occlusion. Live microscopy analysis revealed that the initial phases of thrombus build-up were unaffected. Mice infused with
anti-platelet nanoparticles did not display increased tail bleeding times
and platelets isolated from these mice aggregated normally in response
to 10 lM ADP indicating an absence of systemic platelet inhibition.
Conclusion: Targeted delivery of anti-platelet drugs by flow sensitive
nanoparticles offers a potent and site-specific therapy to prevent atherothrombotic events. The drug is only released in areas of pathologic
shear stress caused by the formation of platelet thrombi and atherosclerotic plaques but leaves other areas of the vasculature unaffected.
This study is a step towards safer and more potent therapy inhibiting
thrombosis in the setting of atherosclerosis and could be extended
towards local delivery of fibrinolytics, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative or lipid-lowering drugs.
AS185
Modulating platelet reactivity through regulated
control of free RGS18 levels
Ma P, Sinnamon A, Ou K and Brass L
Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania,
Philadelphia, USA
Background: We have shown that the Regulator of G protein Signaling
family members expressed in platelets, including RGS18, can limit
signaling by agonists such as thrombin. We have also shown that in

resting platelets RGS18 is bound to the scaffold protein, spinophilin
(SPL), forming a ternary complex with SHP-1 that dissociates when
platelets are activated.
Aims: Here we report a method for measuring free RGS18 levels in
human platelets and use it to test ideas about the role of RGS18 in
resting, activated and PGI2-desensitized platelets.
Methods: Free RGS18 was measured with a novel pull-down assay.
Spinophilin variants were studied in CHO cells and then tested in
platelets by retroviral transduction of SPL/ fetal liver cells reconstituted in irradiated C57Bl/6 mice.
Results: The data show an increase in free RGS18 in thrombin-stimulated platelets, and an even greater increase following exposure to
PGI2. The latter is due to cAMP-dependent phosphorylation of spinophilin Ser94, which causes dissociation of RGS18 from spinophilin.
Substitution of Asp (but not Ala) for Ser94 mimics Ser94 phosphorylation, prevents formation of the SPL/RGS18/SHP-1 complex and
inhibits thrombin-induced changes in cytosolic Ca++ in CHO cells.
Reconstitution studies in mice with WT Vs. S94D spinophilin show a
shift in the thrombin dose/response curve in S94D platelets such that
higher concentrations of the agonist were required to cause aggregation.
Conclusion: These results validate the idea that free RGS18 levels rise
during platelet activation and affect platelet reactivity. They also show
for the first time that the desensitized state found in platelets exposed
to endothelial PGI2 is due in part to rising free RGS18 levels when
phosphorylation of SPL Ser94 causes dissociation of the SPL/RGS18/
SHP-1 complex. Finally, the results provide direct evidence that dissociation of RGS18 from spinophilin inhibits platelet activation by
thrombin.
Glycobiology
AS186
Platelet glycobiology: the powers of posttranslational
modification
Grozovsky R1, Giannini S1, Falet H1 and Hoffmeister KM2
1
Hematology, Brigham and Womens Hospital; 2Hematology,
Brigham and Women Hospital, Boston, USA
The human body produces and removes 1011 platelets daily to maintain a normal steady-state platelet count. Platelet production must be
tightly regulated to avoid spontaneous bleeding or arterial occlusion
and organ damage. Therefore, multifaceted and complex mechanisms
control platelet removal and production in physiological and pathological conditions.
Recent studies have highlighted the role of glycan modifications on
platelet surface proteins in mediating platelet clearance. Platelets with
reduced a2,3-linked sialic acid, during sepsis, after cold storage, or in
mice lacking the sialyltransferase ST3GalIV, are cleared by the hepatic
endocytic Ashwell-Morell receptor (AMR). The AMR is a transmembrane heteroligomeric glycoprotein complex composed of ASGPR1
(CLEC4H1, HL-1) and ASGPR2 (CLEC4H2, HL-2) subunits, which
are highly conserved among mammalian species. However, since its
discovery four decades ago, the regulatory role of the hepatic AMR
has remained unclear.
New evidence shows that the circulatory lifespan of platelets is determined by sialic acid loss that triggers platelet removal by the hepatic
AMR. This removal system drives hepatic thrombopoietin (TPO)
mRNA expression in vivo and in vitro by recruiting Janus kinase 2
(JAK2) and the acute phase response signal transducer and activator
of transcription 3 (STAT3) to increase thrombopiesis. Disruption of
AMR-desialylated platelet signaling by JAK1/2 inhibitors adversely
affects hepatic TPO mRNA expression and secretion. This feedback
mechanism posits the AMR-desialylated platelet pair as the critical
ABSTRACTS
control point for TPO homeostasis and contributes to our understanding why JAK1/2 inhibition commonly induces thrombocytopenia in
patients with Myeloproliferative Neoplasms. Furthermore, the recognition of this novel physiological feedback mechanism illuminates the
pathophysiology of platelet diseases, such as Essential Thrombocythemia and Immune Thrombocytopenia.
AS187
Recessive and transient antithrombin deficiency
caused by a wide spectrum of congenital disorders of
N-glycosylation with unusual clinical features.
Identification of a new thrombophilic disorder
Morena-Barrio M1, Martnez-Martnez I1, Toderici M1, Cos CD2,
~ano A1, Padilla J1, Lefeber D4, Jaeken J5,
Sevivas T3, Min
Vicente V1 and Corral J1
1
Servicio De Hematologa Y Oncologa M
edica, Hospital
Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional De
n, Universidad De Murcia, Imib-Arrixaca Murcia,
Hemodonacio
Murcia; 2Servicio de Hematologa Hospital Puerta del Mar,
Cadiz, Spain; 3Servico de Hematologia do Centro Hospitalar e
Universitario de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; 4Department of
Laboratory Medicine, Institute for Genetic and Metabolic
Disease, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre,
Nijmegen, The Netherlands; 5Center for Metabolic Diseases,
Universitair Ziekenhuis Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
Background: Antithrombin (AT) deficiency, the strongest thrombophilic factor, is mainly caused by SERPINC1 mutations, but up to
25% have unknown cause.
Aims: To identify new elements and mechanisms involved in AT deficiency associated with thrombosis.
Methods: We study 30 patients with AT deficiency and thrombosis but
no SERPINC1 defects selected from 139 cases. AT, antitrypsin and
transferrin glycoforms were evaluated by electrophoresis, HPLC and
Q-TOF. Genetic analysis included sequencing of candidate genes and
whole exome analysis.
Results: Eight patients (27%) had increased AT glycoforms with
reduced content of N-glycans. The hypoglycosylation also affected all
tested N-glycoproteins, with a type 1 pattern, indistinguishable from
that of PMM2-CDG, the most frequent congenital disorder of glycosylation (CDG), a rare recessive disorder described in children with
mental retardation. Three cases had permanent AT deficiency: P1,
with mental retardation, was PMM2 compound heterozygous
(F119L&R141H). P2 carried an ALG12 homozygous mutation
(V26D). She is the 8th ALG12-CDG patient described worldwide. P3
had a heterozygous mutation in PMM2 (R141H) and a profile of heterozygous SNPs in other genes involved in the N-glycosylation pathway (SLC5A9, ALG6 and PGMI), which in family analysis associated
with hypoglycoslation and AT deficiency. P2&3 have no mental retardation. In the remaining cases (48), without clinical signs except for
thrombosis, AT deficiency and hypoglycosylated glycoforms were
transitory. Interestingly, P4-P8 reported moderate/high alcohols consume, a factor that also impairs N-glycosylation. P4-P8 only had a single heterozygous mutation in PMM2, IDI2 or SLC5A9.
Conclusion: An aberrant N-glycosylation caused by a myriad of different mechanisms and genes affected underlies a high proportion of
cases with AT deficiency, but no SERPINC1 mutations. We identified
new and fascinating CDGs cases, supporting that this rare disorder
may be underestimated and should be considered as a new thrombophilic disorder.
67
AS188
Mechanism of N-linked glycan stabilisation of the von
Willebrand factor A2 domain
Lynch CJ and Lane DA
Medicine, Centre for Haematology, Imperial College, London,
UK
Background: Shear forces in the blood trigger a conformational transition in the VWF A2 domain, from its native folded to an unfolded
state, in which the cryptic scissile bond is exposed and is proteolysed
by ADAMTS13. The conformational transition depends upon a Ca2+
binding site (CBS) and a vicinal cysteine disulphide bond (VicCC). Nlinked glycosylation of VWF A2 domain at N1574 has also been
shown to confer resistance to proteolysis, but with an uncertain mechanism as it is positioned away from known ADAMTS13 binding sites.
Aims: To investigate the mechanism by which N-linked glycosylation
protects the VWF A2 domain from cleavage by ADAMTS13.
Methods: The VWF A2 domain and ADAMTS13 were expressed in
mammalian cells. Thermal stability/unfolding (Tm) of VWFA2 was
measured with SyproOrange. ADAMTS13 binding and cleavage were
performed using established assays.
Results: Complete removal of glycan at N1574 (by mutagenesis,
N1574Q, or PNGase treatment) destabilised the VWF A2 domain,
DTm 610 C. Glycan stabilisation was quantitatively similar to that
provided by CBS and VicCC and was cooperative. In contrast, mutation N1515Q, reduction and/or selective trimming using EndoH treatment of the VWFA2 glycan structure (to the residual GlcNAc residue)
caused no reduction in stability. Destabilisation of the VWF A2
domain directly revealed ADAMTS13 binding site(s), with a strong
correlation, r = -0.96, between Tm of VWF A2 variants and their solution binding (%).
Conclusion: Glycosylation at N1574 has previously been suggested to
modulate VWF A2 domain interaction with ADAMTS13 through steric hindrance by the bulky carbohydrate structure. Here we show that
only the first sugar residue (N1574-GlcNAc) is required to protect
VWF A2 from ADAMTS13 proteolysis by providing stability to the
VWF A2 domain. We propose that N1574-GlcNAc participates in an
intradomain stabilising interaction. This stabilising interaction helps
to maintain the folded structure of VWF A2 and restricts ADAMTS13
binding and cleavage of the scissile bond.
AS189
Peptide antagonists for P-selectin discriminate
between sulfatide-dependent platelet aggregation and
PSGL-1-mediated cell adhesion
Korporaal SJ1,2, Molenaar TJ2, Lutters BC2, Meurs I2, Verhoef S1,
IJsseldijk MJ1, Kuiper J2, Van Berkel TJ2, Akkerman J-WN1 and
Biessen EA2,3
1
Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University
Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht; 2Division of Biopharmaceutics,
Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden; 3Department
of Pathology, University Medical Center Maastricht, Maastricht,
The Netherlands
Background: Membrane-exposed sulfatides contribute to P-selectindependent platelet aggregation by binding P-selectin, thereby stabilizing platelet aggregates. This may explain the slight bleeding tendency
observed in P-selectin-deficient mice and indicates that development of
antagonists of the sulfatide/P-selectin interaction may benefit in the
treatment of acute coronary symptoms.
Aims: To characterize the molecular mechanism underlying the P-selectin/sulfatide interaction and its implications for P-selectin-directed
intervention in thrombosis.
68
ABSTRACTS
Methods: We designed specific peptide antagonists for P-selectin carrying an EWVDV minimal motif through which they interact specifically
with P-selectin, and studied the impact of these peptides on platelet
reactivity.
Results: Upon platelet activation, sulfatides are translocated to the
platelet surface to form focal hot-spots. Correspondingly, using sulfatide-containing liposomes, we observed that P-selectin exclusively interacts with liposomes with a sulfatide density higher than 21% (w/w),
indicating that the binding profile of P-selectin for sulfatide-rich liposomes is dependent on sulfatide density. Sulfatide-liposome binding to
P-selectin was blunted by our specifically designed EWVDV-based
peptide antagonists with N-terminal extensions such as CDVEWVDVSC (IC50 = 0.2 lM), but not by the EWVDV core motif itself
(IC50 > 1000 lM), although both antagonists were equally potent
inhibitors of the PSGL-1/P-selectin interaction (IC50 = 712 lM).
Elongated peptides but not truncated peptides were found to inhibit
aggregation of human platelets and reduce aggregate size. P-selectinmediated platelet aggregation on a collagen-coated surface under flow
also depended on sulfatides.
Conclusion: The sulfatide/P-selectin interaction implicates multiple
binding pockets in P-selectin that only partly overlap with that for
PSGL-1. These findings open ways to selectively interfere with sulfatide/P-selectin-dependent platelet aggregation without affecting PSGL1-dependent cell adhesion.
Inhibitors basic
AS190
The immunogenicity of factor VIII
Meeks S
Emory University, Atlanta, USA
Approximately thirty percent of patients with severe hemophilia A
develop anti-factor VIII (fVIII) antibodies with associated increases in
both morbidity and mortality. Because fVIII is an immunologically
foreign protein or an altered self-protein in severe hemophilia A
patients and fVIII/ mice, it may not seem surprising that intravenous infusions of the fVIII protein produce an antibody response.
However, it usually is difficult to raise antibodies to an intravenously
delivered foreign protein without using adjuvants. In addition, fVIII is
the most commonly targeted coagulation factor in autoimmunity.
FVIII inhibitor formation is a MHC Class II T cell-dependent process.
Activation of nave T-cells requires costimulatory molecules and
potential danger signals associated with fVIII have been investigated.
FVIII alone or with its large carrier protein von Willebrand factor
(VWF) is not sufficient to provide the costimulatory signal. Furthermore, given the crosstalk between coagulation and inflammation it
was hypothesized that the procoagulant function of fVIII might itself
be a danger signal but studies have shown that immunogenicity of
fVIII is independent of its procoagulant function. Since fVIII circulates in a non-covalent complex with VWF, VWF must be considered
as a possible factor in its immunogenicity. Several studies have suggested that VWF decreases the uptake and presentation of fVIII to the
immune system by antigen presenting cells in vitro, however, the nature
of fVIII immune recognition in vivo is not known. There is on-going
debate over whether plasma derived VWF containing fVIII products
are less immunogenic than recombinant fVIII products in patients
with hemophilia A. FVIII is an unusually immunogenic protein and
the mechanisms of this immunogenicity continue to be a focus of considerable investigation.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Meeks Grant/Research Support from: Pfizer,
Consultant for: Bayer, Grifols, CSL Behring, Baxter.
AS191
Chemotactic antigen competition decreases the
incidence of factor VIII inhibitors in hemophilia a mice
immunized with influenza, with and without the
adjuvant MF59C.1
Lai J1, Moorehead P2, Sponagle K1, Steinitz K3, Reipert B4,
Hough C1 and Lillicrap D1
1
Pathology & Molecular Medicine, Queens University, Kingston;
2
Medicine, Memorial University, St. Johns, Canada; 3Baxter
Innovations GmbH, Vienna, Austria; 4Immunology, Baxter
Innovations GmbH, Vienna, Austria
Background: Inhibitory antibodies against factor VIII (FVIII) are the
most important treatment complication in hemophilia A (HA). In the
2530% of patients who develop inhibitors, concurrent inflammatory
signals, such as vaccination, have been hypothesized as risk factors.
Aims: To assess the effect of influenza vaccination, with and without
an adjuvant, on the development of FVIII antibodies and inhibitors.
Methods: F8E17KO HA mice with a humanized HLA-DRB1*1501
allele were infused with 6 IU of recombinant human FVIII 7 times
biweekly. Intramuscular (IM) immunization, with or without the
MF59C.1 adjuvant, occurred within 24 h of the initial FVIII treatment. FVIII and influenza-specific IgG was assessed by ELISA and
Bethesda at week 5. Splenocyte chemotaxis, from F8E16KO Balb/C
mice, was observed in FVIII or influenza-induced gradients.
Results: IM influenza immunization decreased the incidence of aFVIII
IgG (t = 24, 0, +24 h: 30%, 27%, 14% vs. control: 67%; P = 0.11,
0.06, 0.008; n = 1015) and inhibitors (30%, 43%, 11% vs. 80%;
P = 0.03, 0.02, 0.002) at all time points. Similar results were observed
with the addition of MF59C.1 in aFVIII IgG (50%, 19%, 42% vs.
67%; P = 0.42, 0.01, 0.26; n = 1116) and inhibitor incidence (36%,
31%, 33% vs. 80%; P = 0.04, 0.01, 0.02). All mice developed high titre
influenza-specific antibodies. No significant differences in IgG or Bethesda titres were observed. In IgG positive mice, mice exposed to influenza had increased levels of aFVIII IgG2a (P = 0.04).
Chemotaxis assays demonstrated that nave splenocytes migrate preferentially over 3 h towards media from influenza- vs. FVIII-exposed
splenocytes based on the distribution of migration endpoints with and
without an adjuvant (P = 0.014, 0.0018 respectively).
Conclusion: IM immunization against influenza within 24 h, with and
without an adjuvant, confers relative tolerance to FVIII. We propose
that antigen competition via splenocyte chemotaxis contributes to this
phenomenon.
Disclosure of Interest: J. Lai: None Declared, P. Moorehead Consultant for: Bayer, Baxter, Pfizer, K. Sponagle: None Declared, K. Steinitz Employee of: Baxter, B. Reipert Employee of: Baxter, C. Hough
Grant/Research Support from: Bayer, D. Lillicrap Grant/Research
Support from: Bayer, Biogen-Idec, Baxter and Octapharma.
AS192
Factor VIII tolerance induction in haemophilia a mice
via transplacental transfer of recombinant factor VIII Fc
Georgescu M1, Liu T2, Sponagle K1, Hebert K1, Drager D2,
Patarroyo-White S2, Hough C1, Jiang H2 and Lillicrap D1
1
Kingston, Canada; 2Biogen Idec, Cambridge, Boston, USA
Background: The most severe complication of haemophilia A (HA)
treatment is the development of inhibitory antibodies against factor
VIII (FVIII). In utero FVIII exposure of HA fetuses could result in
central tolerance to the protein. rFVIIIFc, a recombinant fusion protein composed of a single B-domain deleted (BDD) FVIII molecule
covalently fused to the Fc region of human immunoglobulin G1
(IgG1), may be able to undergo transplacental transfer due to its abil 2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997
ABSTRACTS
ity to interact with the neonatal Fc receptor, resulting in tolerance to
FVIII in the progeny.
Aims: 1 Assess the ability of rFVIIIFc to undergo transplacental transport in pregnant HA mice.
2 Determine if in utero exposure of HA mouse fetuses to rFVIIIFc
induces FVIII tolerance.
Methods: 1 Pregnant E16KO C57Bl6 HA mice received 376 IU
rFVIIIFc or rBDD-FVIII on day 19 of gestation. Fetal blood was collected 3 h later. FVIII activity in the fetal samples was determined
using a chromogenic assay.
2 Pregnant E16KO C57Bl6 HA mice received 376 IU rFVIIIFc or
rBDD-FVIII on day 16 and 19 of gestation. Newborn mice were transferred to an E16KO Balb/c surrogate mother to avoid antigen transfer
from milk. Once mature, mice were challenged with 2 IU rBDD-FVIII
weekly for 4 consecutive weeks. 1 week after the last FVIII injection,
blood was collected. Binding and neutralizing antibody titers to FVIII
were determined using an ELISA and Bethesda assay respectively.
Results: 1 FVIII activity was detected in 9/10 fetal samples from
rFVIIIFc-treated mothers but 0/9 fetal samples from rBDD-FVIIItreated mothers.
2 Following FVIII challenge, 3/8 mice from rFVIIIFc-treated mothers
and 6/8 mice from rBDD-FVIII-treated mothers had developed antiFVIII IgG. Similarly, 3/8 mice from rFVIIIFc treated mothers and 5/8
from rBDD-FVIII-treated mothers had evidence of FVIII inhibitors.
Conclusion: rFVIIIFc undergoes transplacental transfer in pregnant
HA mice. The resultant exposure of HA fetuses to rFVIIIFc in utero
may offer protection from inhibitor development later in life.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Georgescu: None Declared, T. Liu Shareholder of: Biogen Idec, Employee of: Biogen Idec, K. Sponagle: None
Declared, K. Hebert: None Declared, D. Drager Shareholder of: Biogen Idec, Employee of: Biogen Idec, S. Patarroyo-White Shareholder
of: Biogen Idec, Employee of: Biogen Idec, C. Hough: None Declared,
H. Jiang Shareholder of: Biogen Idec, Employee of: Biogen Idec, D.
Lillicrap Grant/Research Support from: Biogen Idec, Bayer, Baxter,
Octapharma.
AS193
Can a center effect be the reason for the higher
frequency inhibitors for a second generation
recombinant factor VIII product?
Marijke Van den Berg H1, Ljung R2 and on behalf of PedNet study
group
1
Department of Health Science and Primary Care, University
Hospital Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; 2Department of
Clinical Sciences Lund, Sk
ane University Hospital, Malmo,
Sweden
Background: It has been hypothesized that preference for certain products in a hemophilia treatment center may be a confounder in multicenter studies on frequency of inhibitors in PUPs with severe
hemophilia A.
Aims: To investigate a potential center effect on the higher inhibitor
incidence for 2nd generation full length recombinant FVIII
Methods: A total of 604 PUPs with severe hemophilia A from 29 PedNet centers were available. Centers were divided into 2 groups; small
centers that included < 15 patients and large centers that included 15
patients with severe hemophilia A.
Results: We identified 10 large centers with 354 patients (59% of
patients) and 19 small centers with 250 patients (41%). Large centers
had a higher frequency of inhibitors compared to small centers 34.5%
vs. 24.0% (P = 0.006). This difference is mainly due to a higher number of low titer inhibitor patients diagnosed in the large centers. The
number of high titer patients was 22.3% for the large centers and
17.2% for the small centers, which is not significantly different
(P = 0.123). The frequency of testing in the first 50 EDS was also
69
higher for large centers: median of 5 inhibitor tests vs. 3 for smaller
centers (P = 0.002). The percentage of patients that had a positive
family history for inhibitors was not different. Patients that received
intensive treatment at first treatment was similar with 15% and 16%
respectively for large and small centers. However, the dose administered during these 5 EDs was 82 IU kg1 per ED for large centers
and 68 IU kg1 per ED for small centers; this was statistically different (P = 001). Although large centers had a higher inhibitor incidence
the usage of 2nd generation full length rFVIII product was 29.9% in
large centers centers while 32.4% of patients in small centers used the
2nd generation full length rFVIII product.
Conclusion: No confounding center effect was found that influenced
the higher incidence for inhibitors on 2nd generation full-length
rFVIII product.
Unusual site venous thrombosis

AS195
Antithrombotic treatment and outcomes of cirrhotic
patients with splanchnic vein thrombosis: a sub-study
from the ISTH registry
Riva N1, Ageno W1, Senzolo M2, Schulman S3, BeyerWestendorf J4, Duce R5, Santoro R6, Kamphuisen P7, Oh D8,
Becattini C9, Rodriguez K2, Barillari G10, Passamonti SM11,
Guardascione MA12, Vidili G13, Vaccarino A14, Dentali F1 and
investigators I1
1
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University
of Insubria, Varese; 2Clinical Medicine II, University Hospital of
Padova, Padova, Italy; 3Department of Medicine, McMaster
University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; 4Center for Vascular
Medicine and Department of Medicine III, Division of Angiology,
University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany;
5
Thrombosis Center, Galliera Hospital, Genoa; 6Haemophilia
Center, Azienda Ospedaliera Pugliese-Ciaccio, Catanzaro, Italy;
7
University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands;
8
Department of Internal Medicine, Pochon CHA University,
Seoul, Korea; 9Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine,
University of Perugia, Ospedale S. Maria della Misericordia,
Perugia; 10Center for Hemorrhagic and Thrombotic Diseases,
University Hospital, Udine; 11A. Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and
Thrombosis Center, Department of Internal Medicine and
Medical Specialties, Fondazione IRCCS Ca Granda Ospedale
Maggiore Policlinic, Milan; 12IRCCS Casa Sollievo della
Sofferenza, S. Giovanni Rotondo; 13Department of Clinical
Medicine, University Hospital of Sassari, Sassari; 14UOSD
Ematologia e Malattie Trombotiche, Ospedale San Giovanni
Bosco, Torino, Italy
Background: Cirrhotic patients have often been excluded from studies
addressing the anticoagulant treatment of splanchnic vein thrombosis
(SVT), although liver cirrhosis is associated with an increased risk of
SVT through hypercoagulability.
Aims: To assess the outcomes of cirrhotic patients from an unselected
cohort of SVT patients.
Methods: International prospective registry of consecutive SVT
patients, enrolled from 2008 to 2012. Therapeutic strategies and outcomes were analysed separately for cirrhotic patients. A Central Adjudication Committee reviewed and classified clinical outcomes as
vascular events (venous or arterial thrombosis) and major bleeding
(MB; ISTH definition plus the need for hospitalization).
Results: A toal of 167 (28%) of 604 patients had liver cirrhosis (median
age 59 years, 70.7% males, 79.6% portal vein thrombosis, 49.4% inci-
70
ABSTRACTS
dentally detected SVT). Sixty-six patients (39.5%) received no anticoagulation; 62 received parenteral anticoagulants alone (median duration 6 months, IQR 315) and 39 were started on vitamin K
antagonists (median 10 months, IQR 424). Median follow-up duration was 2 years (IQR 0.52); 5 patients (3.0%) were lost to follow-up.
The overall incidence of recurrent thrombotic events was 11.3/100
patient-years (pt-y) (95% CI 7.716.8) and the incidence of MB was
10.0/100 pt-y (95% CI 6.615.1). The incidence of these two outcomes
in never-treated cirrhotic patients was 14.1/100 pt-y and 11.3/100 pt-y,
respectively. In multivariate analysis, anticoagulant treatment was
associated with lower rates of both vascular events (HR 0.86, 95% CI
0.770.96) and MB (HR 0.83, 95% CI 0.690.99).
Conclusion: Our real-life data suggest that more than a half of cirrhotic
patients with SVT receive anticoagulant treatment. The incidence of
thrombotic and bleeding complications was not negligible in this subgroup of patients. In selected cirrhotic patients, the anticoagulant
treatment, usually administered at adjusted doses according to the
individual risk of bleeding, appeared to be beneficial.
Disclosure of Interest: N. Riva: None Declared, W. Ageno: None
Declared, M. Senzolo: None Declared, S. Schulman: None Declared,
J. Beyer-Westendorf: None Declared, R. Duce: None Declared, R.
Santoro: None Declared, P. Kamphuisen: None Declared, D. Oh:
None Declared, C. Becattini: None Declared, K. Rodriguez: None
Declared, G. Barillari: None Declared, S. M. Passamonti: None
Declared, M. A. Guardascione: None Declared, G. Vidili: None
Declared, A. Vaccarino: None Declared, F. Dentali: None Declared,
IRSVT study investigators Grant/Research Support from: This study
was supported by a grant from Pfizer, Canada, to ISTH. The authors
have no relevant conflicts to declare in relation to this abstract.
AS196
Next-generation DNA sequencing approach to identify
novel genetic risk factors underlying cerebral vein
thrombosis
Gorski MM1, de Haan H2, van Hylckama Vlieg A2, Lotta LA3,
Bucciarelli P3, Passamonti SM3, Martinelli I3, Rosendaal F2 and
Peyvandi F3
1
Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University
of Milan, Milan, Italy; 2Departments of Clinical Epidemiology,
Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Leiden University Medical Center,
Leiden, The Netherlands; 3Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia
and Thrombosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS C
a Granda
Maggiore Hospital, Milan, Italy
Background: Cerebral vein thrombosis (CVT) is a rare life-threatening
disease affecting annually 4 adults per million. Transient risk factors
for CVT include oral contraceptive use, pregnancy, trauma, brain
tumors and local infections. Genetic risk factors are deficiencies of the
natural anticoagulant proteins antithrombin, protein C, protein S, factor V Leiden and prothrombin 20210A mutation. In 20% of patients,
the cause of CVT remains unknown.
Aims: To identify novel genetic risk factors underlying CVT using targeted next-generation DNA sequencing (NGS).
Methods: As part of Milan-Leiden Sequencing (MILES) study, we
investigated 171 Italian CVT patients and 298 healthy controls.
Patients were selected using the following criteria: objective diagnosis
of CVT, European ancestry, no active cancer. We performed targeted
NGS analysis of the protein-coding regions and 30 and 50 UTRs of 740
candidate genes related to hemostasis and inflammation, 150 ancestry
informative markers and 28 thrombosis-associated variants with a
final target size of approximately 4 Mb.
Results: We obtained 37588 variants that passed quality control, of
which 35988 were single nucleotide variants and 1600 were insertions/
deletions (indels), that were sequenced with a mean depth of 86. We
further filtered the data to obtain 5309 common variants (minor allele
frequency [MAF] > 1%) and 19583 rare variants (MAF < 1%). Single
variant association testing of the common variants using logistic
regression analysis revealed rs8176719 indel variant in the ABO gene
as a putative risk factor for CVT (age and sex adjusted
P = 1.37 9 106; OR 2.04; 95% CI 1.532.73; false discovery rate
0.0073).
Conclusion: We have successfully applied NGS-based analysis of 740
candidate hemostatic and pro-inflammatory genes in 469 Italian CVT
patients and controls, identifying a common indel variant rs8176719 in
the ABO gene that has been previously associated with deep vein
thrombosis of the lower limbs and pulmonary embolism.
Disclosure of Interest: M. M. Gorski: None Declared, H. de Haan:
None Declared, A. van Hylckama Vlieg: None Declared, L. A. Lotta:
None Declared, P. Bucciarelli: None Declared, S. Passamonti: None
Declared, I. Martinelli: None Declared, F. Rosendaal Grant/Research
Support from: NWO, F. Peyvandi Grant/Research Support from: Alexion, Bayer, Biotest, Kedrion Biopharma, Novo Nordisk, Consultant
for: Grifols, Kedrion Biopharma, LFB, Octaharma, Speaker Bureau
of: Alexion, Baxter, Bayer, Biotest, CSL Behring, Grifols, Novo Nordisk.
AS197
The current management strategies and clinical
outcome of upper extremity deep vein thrombosis
Bleker S1, van Es N1, Kleinjan A1, B
uller HR1, Kamphuisen PW2,
3
4
Aggarwal A , Beyer-Westendorf J , Camporese G5, Cosmi B6,
Gary T7, Ghirarduzzi A8, Kaasjager K9, Lerede T10, Marschang P11,
Meijer K2, Otten H-M12, Porreca E13, Righini M14, Verhamme P15,
van Wissen S16 and Nisio MD13
1
Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center,
Amsterdam; 2Department of Vascular Medicine, University
3
Department of Veterans Affairs, George Washington University,
Washington, DC, USA; 4Center for Vascular Diseases and
Medical Clinic III, Dresden University Hospital, Dresden,
Germany; 5Department of Angiology, University Hospital of
Padua, Padua; 6Department of Angiology and Blood Coagulation,
S Orsola Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy; 7Abteilung
r Angiologie, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria; 8Instituto
fu
di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Azienda Arcispedale
Santa Maria Nova, Reggio Emilia, Italy; 9Department of Internal
Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The
Netherlands; 10USC Immunoematologia e Medicina
Tansfusionale, Emostasi e Trombosi, Azienda Ospedaliera Papa
Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy; 11Department of Internal
Medicine III, Cardiology und Angiology, Medical University of
Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; 12Department of Internal
Medicine, Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
13
Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, G.
DAnnunzio University, Chieti, Italy; 14Division of angiology and
hemostasis, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland;
15
Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, University Hospital
Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; 16Department of Internal Medicine,
Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Background: The incidence of upper extremity deep vein thrombosis
(UEDVT) is increasing. Several questions regarding optimal management and natural course of UEDVT remain unanswered.
Aims: Investigate the current treatment approaches and clinical outcome of UEDVT.
Methods: Follow-up data were collected from patients with confirmed
UEDVT, enrolled from January 2010 to June 2012 in an international
diagnostic management study (Kleinjan et al., Ann Intern Med, 2014).
ABSTRACTS
Between August 2014 and January 2015, patients were interviewed by
telephone and questioned about recurrent VTE, bleeding, mortality,
and PTS signs.
Results: Follow-up was completed for 102 patients (98.1%), of which
42 (40.4%) patients with cancer and 44 (42.3%) with venous catheters.
The median follow-up duration was 3.3 years (IQR 2.3 3.8). Anticoagulant treatment was started in 100 of 102 patients (98%). Lowmolecular-weight heparin (LMWH) was the most prescribed initial
type of treatment (86.2%), whereas for long-term treatment 54.9%
received vitamin K antagonists (VKA) and 39.2% LMWH. The median treatment duration was 182 days (IQR 91365). Major bleeding
occurred in 3.9% of patients during anticoagulant therapy. Overall,
10.8% had recurrent VTE and 25.5% died. PTS signs of the arm were
reported by 36.1% of the interviewed patients.
Conclusion: The results of this study provide insight in the current
management and outcome of UEDVT. Patients are treated mostly for
6 months, and in parallel with leg DVT, PTS signs are common after
UEDVT. Moreover, UEDVT appears to carry a substantial risk of
serious consequences like recurrent VTE and early mortality.
Atherosclerosis: progression and

development
AS198
Endothelial dysfunction, inflammation and the
initiation of atherosclerosis
Cybulsky M1,2
1
Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto;
2
Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network,
Toronto, Canada
Disturbed laminar blood flow in arterial regions predisposed to atherosclerosis promotes low-grade inflammation and recruitment of
blood monocytes, which adopt features of dendritic cells (DCs) in the
intima. The function of intimal DCs in normal arteries remains
unknown. Recently, we observed that systemic stimulation of Toll-like
or NOD-like receptors induces CCR7-dependent reverse transmigration of intimal DCs through the endothelial monolayer into the arterial blood. This process protects the artery wall, since it is critical for
transporting intracellular pathogens from the intima of infected normocholesterolemic mice. Upon initiation of dietary hypercholesterolemia in Ldlr/ mice, intimal DCs rapidly accumulate intracellular
lipid and transform into the initial foam cells of nascent atherosclerotic
lesions. This is the earliest stage of lesion formation. Deletion of intimal DCs immediately prior to the initiation of hypercholesterolemia
results in a marked reduction of foam cells within the first week, and
diminished intimal lipid accumulation. Persistent deletion of intimal
myeloid cells in the setting of hypercholesterolemia results in abrogation of monocyte recruitment to early atherosclerotic lesions. This suggests that intimal myeloid cells are required for inflammation in the
early stages of atherosclerosis, and that retention of lipoproteins in a
myeloid cell-depleted intima is insufficient. Reduced local production
of chemokines and endothelial cell adhesion molecules was found in
mice with deleted intimal myeloid cells, which suggests that cross-talk
between lipid-loaded intimal myeloid cells and the overlying endothelium promotes inflammation.
71
AS199
Platelet-derived matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2
contributes to atherosclerosis progression in
hypercholesterolemic mice
Momi S, Falcinelli E, Manni G and Gresele P
Background: MMPs participate in atherosclerosis, inflammatory cell
recruitment, neointima formation and plaque rupture. Platelets contain and release MMP-2. Activated platelets participate in atherogenesis but the mechanisms are not fully understood.
Aims: Aim of the present study was to evaluate if platelet-released
MMP-2 plays a role in atherogenesis in vivo.
Methods: We generated double knockout mice lacking the LDL receptor and MMP-2 (dKO), and mice lacking the LDL receptor plus only
platelet MMP-2 (chimera). Moreover, LDLR/ mice rendered
thrombocytopenic were transfused with thrombin-activated platelets
from control or MMP-2/ mice every 4 days for 8 weeks. All mice
were fed an atherogenic diet for 12 weeks. Damage-induced femoral
artery intimal hyperplasia and lipid-rich plaques in the aortic arch
were measured. In vitro co-incubation experiments with mouse platelets and human endothelial cells (EC) were also conducted.
Results: Femoral artery intimal hyperplasia was significantly lower in
dKO and in chimeric mice compared with LDLR/ mice (IM ratio:
LDLR/ = 1.6 0.4; dKO = 0.42 0.2, chimeras = 0.12 0.02,
P < 0.001). Similarly, aortic arch area covered by lipid lesions was
lower in dKO and in chimeric mice than in LDLR/ mice
(29 3.2%, 21 7.3% vs. 72 5%, P < 0.01).
Aortic atherosclerotic area of LDLR/ mice infused with activated
platelets from MMP-2/ mice was strikingly reduced (LDLR/not
infused: 15.2 2%; LDLR/-control platelets = 23 5%; LDLR/

-MMP2/platelets: 4.8 0.71%). Thrombin-activated platelets
from LDLR/ mice, but not from MMP-2/ mice, induced EC activation (VCAM-1 expression: 4.4 and 1.7 fold increase vs. baseline,
P < 0.001).
Conclusion: MMP-2 expressed/released by activated platelets plays a
central role in hyperlipydemia-induced atherogenesis by a mechanism
that involves EC activation. The interference with the expression/
release of MMP-2 by platelets may represent a new target for anti-atherogenic therapy.
AS200
Macrophage M2 differentiation induces PAI-1
expression via a STAT6 dependent pathway
Hohensinner P1, Thaler B1, Kaun C1, Ebenbauer B1, Fischer M2,
Maurer G1, Huber K3, Speidl W1 and Wojta J1
1
Department of Cardiology; 2Department of Blood Group
Serology Transfusion Medicine, Medical University of Vienna;
3
3rd Medical Department, Wilhelminenhospital, Vienna, Austria
Background: Macrophages are a heterogeneous cell population.
Depending on their priming they can be separated into proinflammatory M1 and anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages.
Aims: To determine if macrophage subsets have different proteolytic
capacity via the expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI1).
Methods: Monocytes were cultivated for 7d with MCSF to generate
M0 macrophages. Macrophages were polarized by LPS and interferon-gamma to generate M1 and by interleukin-4 (IL4) and IL13 to
generate M2 macrophages. PAI-1 expression was determined by qPCR
and specific ELISA.
Results: Polarization of macrophages was determined by measuring key
markers for macrophage differentiation. After polarization M1 showed
72
ABSTRACTS
a signature of high CD80, TNF, IL1 and IL6 expression whereas M2

were identified by high levels of CD206 and IL10. We observed different
capability of matrix degradation indicating different level of proteolytic
activity. Whereas M1 degraded 8.8% of gelatin matrix, M2 only
degraded 1.5% (P = 0.003). In comparison, M0 showed 1.3% degradation capacity. The different proteolytic activity could stem from a differential availability of PAI-1. We therefore measured PAI-1 protein
levels 48 h after polarization. M2 had the highest PAI-1 levels
(34.8 ng mL1) compared to M1 (4.9 ng mL1) and M0 (2.2
ng mL1). This PAI-1 induction was already detectable after 2 h at the
mRNA level (2 fold upregulation vs. M0 and M1). Time course experiments revealed the maximum protein induction was already reached
after 24 h. The main signal transduction pathway of IL4 and IL13 is the
activation of STAT6. A bioinformatics analysis of the PAI-1 promoter
found an undescribed STAT6 element. Inhibiting STAT6 abrogated
IL4 and IL13 induced PAI-1 expression. In addition, M2 were the only
subset to upregulate PAI-1 expression after IL1 stimulation.
Conclusion: M2 polarized macrophages display reduced proteolytic
activity associated with a STAT6 dependent induction of PAI-1 and
remain active PAI-1 producing cells under inflammatory conditions.
AS201
M1 and M2 macrophage proteolytic and angiogenic
profiles analysis in atherosclerotic patients reveals a
distinctive profile in type 2 diabetes
Roma C1, Tagzirt M1, Zawadzki C1, Lorenzi R1, Vincentelli A1,
Haulon S2, Juthier F1, Staels B1, Jude B1, Belle EV1, ChinettiGbaguidi G1, Susen S1 and Dupont A1
1
Inserm U1011, Univ Lille Nord de France, Institut Pasteur de
Lille, EGID; 2Cardiovascular and pulmonary, and haematology
Departement, CHRU, Lille, France
Background: Diabetics present high risk of cardiovascular morbi-mortality, associated to more extensive and vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques. Two macrophage subpopulations, M1 (classically activated
macrophages) and M2 (alternatively activated macrophages), have
been identified in human atherosclerotic plaques. The mechanisms that
promote accelerated atherosclerosis in diabetes are poorly understood.
Aims: To investigate the expression levels of atherosclerotic mediators
in M1 and M2 macrophages and to focus on the influence of diabetes
on M1/M2 profiles.
Methods: Monocyte-derived macrophages from 36 atherosclerotic
patients (19 diabetics and 17 non-diabetics) were cultured with IL-1b
(10 ng mL1) or IL-4 (10 ng mL1) to induce the M1 or M2 phenotype, respectively. The expression of atherosclerotic mediators was
evaluated by quantitative RT-PCR. Carotid plaques from these
patients were histologically characterized.
Results: M1 and M2 macrophages differentially expressed mediators
involved in proteolysis and angiogenesis processes. The proteolytic
balance (MMP-9/TIMP-1, MMP-9/PAI-1 and MMP-9/TFPI-2 ratios)
was higher in M1 vs. M2, whereas M2 macrophages presented higher
angiogenesis properties (increased VEGF/TFPI-2 and TF/TFPI-2
ratios). Moreover, our results revealed that M1 macrophages from
diabetics compared to non-diabetics displayed more important proangiogenic and proteolytic activities. These new findings may explain
increased neovascularization in diabetics (increased microvessels content and VEGF staining). Finally, diabetes was not associated to
changes in plaque content of M1 and M2 macrophages.
Conclusion: The present study reveals that M1 and M2 macrophages
could differentially modulate major atherosclerosis-related pathological processes. Moreover, M1 macrophages from diabetics display a
deleterious phenotype that could explain the higher plaque vulnerability observed in these subjects.
AS202
Identification of cardiovascular disease specific genes
and their regulating miRNAs
Deshpande V1, Ghatge M2, Mundkur L1 and Kakkar V1,3
1
Molecular Immunology; 2Tata Proteomics and Coagulation Unit,
Thrombosis Research Institute, Bangalore, India; 3Thrombosis
Research Institute, London, UK
Background: Identification of differentially expressed genes in diet
induced atherosclerosis using mouse model facilitates the understanding of the progressive disease development. We used
Apobtm2Sgy Ldlrtm1Her/mice to study the gene expression at different
stages of lesion progression. Classification of genes based on their function and identification of specific genes related to cardiovascular disease
is crucial for understanding their role in atherosclerosis pathology.
Aims: To study the differentially regulated genes involved in early and
intermediate stage of the cardiovascular disease, to identify disease
related genes and gene-miRNA interaction.
Methods: Global gene expression was performed with RNA extracted
from ascending aorta with atherosclerotic lesion at 4, 8, 14 and 20week time points. Samples were hybridized in Agilent 8 9 60K mouse
gene expression array slides and scanned. Enrichment of gene clusters
based on the early and intermediate stage was done using DAVID
annotation tool. CVD specific genes were picked up using RGD database. The TF-gene-miRNA network was constructed using cytoscape.
Results: We clustered the genes expressed in Early and Intermediate
stage of the disease. The main clusters enriched were MMPs, Proliferation differentials, ECM differentials and Adhesion differentials. About
16 genes were shortlisted and network was constructed with their interacting miRNAs. MicroRNAs mmu-miR-484 and mmu-miR-335-5p
were found to interact with maximum number of genes. The genes targeting mmu-miR-484 are LRAT, CSF2RB2, SAA4, NACAN, MEFV,
BST1, FCGR4 and SLC6A13. The genes targeting mmu-miR-335-5p
are LRAT, HHIP, CSF2BR2, CYP1a1, CCL7, SAA4, NCAN and
MEFV. Five genes LRAT, CSF2RB2, SAA4, NCAN and MEFV are
targeting both miRNAs rendering these genes to be important ones.
Conclusion: This data identifies two novel miRNA interacting with
cardiovascular disease specific genes which could be potential targets
for cardiovascular therapy.
Fibrinolysis in health and disease

AS203
Roles of Plg-Rkt in health and disease
Miles LA1 and Parmer RJ2
1
Cell and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La
Jolla; 2Medicine, University of California San Diego and Veterans
Administration San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, USA
When plasminogen binds to cells its activation is markedly enhanced
compared to the reaction in solution. Arming cells with the proteolytic
activity of plasmin is a key feature in physiological and pathological
processes in which cells must degrade extracellular matrices in order to
migrate. We have identified Plasminogen Receptor KT (Plg-RKT), a
novel transmembrane plasminogen receptor, which binds plasminogen
via a carboxyl-terminal lysine. Plg-RKT is broadly expressed on leukocytes, epithelial cells, neuroendocrine tissue, the vasculature, epidermis
and liver. In order to evaluate the role of Plg-RKT in vivo we generated
Plg-RKT/ mice using homologous recombination and backcrossed
the mice into the C57BL/6J background. Plasminogen binding to PlgRKT/ macrophages was only 20% of that of Plg-RKT+/+ macrophages. Furthermore, when plasminogen was incubated with PlgRKT/ cells the rate of plasminogen activation was markedly reduced.
These results suggest that Plg-RKT is a major regulator of cell surface
ABSTRACTS
plasminogen activation. Additional spontaneous phenotypes observed
in Plg-RKT/ mice and results of disease models will be discussed.
Disclosure of Interest: L. Miles Grant/Research Support from:
NHLBI, NCI, R. Parmer Grant/Research Support from: Department
of Veterans Affairs.
AS204
Plasminogen localizes to distinct caps on
phosphatidylserine-exposing platelets and promotes
thrombus lysis under flow
Whyte CS1, Swieringa F2, Mastenbroek T2, Lionikiene AS1,
Lance MD2, van der Meijden PE2, Heemskerk JW2 and
Mutch NJ1
1
Medicine & Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK;
2
Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM),
Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
Background: Plasminogen interacts with both platelets and fibrin, but
its localization and distribution in thrombi during fibrinolysis under
flow is not well defined.
Aims: To characterize plasminogen on platelets and in thrombi and
examine fluctuations during lysis under flow.
Methods: We established a novel model of whole blood thrombus formation to analyze fibrinolysis using fluorescence microscopy. Plasminogen binding and localization on the platelet surface was analyzed by
flow cytometry and confocal microscopy.
Results: Thrombus lysis was accelerated by flow, irrespective of the
shear rate, and was dependent on the plasminogen activator and its concentration. Heparin enhanced fibrinolysis indicating concurrent fibrin
formation and degradation. Fibrin fibers distal to platelet aggregates
were degraded first, whilst fibrin adjacent to platelet aggregates showed
increased resistance to tPA-mediated lysis. Fluorescently-labeled plasminogen radiates from platelet aggregates at the base of thrombi, primarily co-localizing with fibrin. In line with this, hirudin attenuates, but
does not abolish, plasminogen binding. Activation of washed platelets
with thrombin/convulxin significantly augments plasminogen binding
which is primarily associated with phosphatidylserine (PS)-exposing
platelets. Binding is down-regulated by tirofiban and Gly-Pro-Arg-Pro
amide, emphasizing a key role for fibrin in anchoring plasminogen to
PS-exposing platelets. Binding of plasminogen and fibrin(ogen) colocalized with PAC-1 antibody, a marker of active aIIbb3, in the center
of spread platelets. In contrast, PS-exposing platelets were PAC-1 negative, but demonstrated bound plasminogen and fibrinogen in a distinct
protruding cap on their membrane surface.
Conclusion: Different subpopulations of platelets harbor plasminogen
by diverse mechanisms and provide a vital platform for accrual of
fibrinolytic proteins that subsequently mediate fibrinolysis under flow.
AS205
Inhibition of TAFI affects AAA formation and rupture in
the angiotensin II model of abdominal aortic aneurysm
Bridge KI1,2, Revill C3, Bailey M1,2, Yuldasheva N1, Wheatcroft S1,
Butlin R3, Foster R3, Scott J1,2, Gils A4 and Ariens R1
1
Department of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research,
University of Leeds; 2Leeds Vascular Institute, Leeds Teaching
Hospitals NHS Trust; 3School of Chemistry, University of Leeds,
Leeds, UK; 4Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological
Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
Background: Thrombin-Activatable Fibrinolysis Inhibitor (TAFI) is
an inhibitor of fibrinolysis and inflammation. Mice deficient in TAFI
73
develop larger abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) after elastase infusion than controls. The monoclonal antibody (MA-TCK26D6), selectively inhibits plasmin-mediated TAFI activation and TAFIa activity
on fibrin only.
Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of clot-based
vs. systemic TAFI inhibition on AAA formation in-vivo.
Methods: Male, ApoE/ mice were infused with Angiotensin II (AngII) using subcutaneous mini-osmotic pumps, in combination with
either MA-TCK26D6, which has its main effect on TAFI in thrombus,
or UK-396082, a direct small molecule inhibitor of the active site of
TAFIa. Incidence of AAA rupture was recorded. After 28 days, blood
was collected from the IVC, and aortas photographed in situ. Aortic
size was measured using Image J. Fibrin clot structure in mice receiving AngII was analysed using turbidity-lysis and confocal microscopy.
Results: There were no differences in ex-vivo fibrin clot structure in
mice treated with AngII compared with saline controls. All mice had
normal phenotype, without increases in blood pressure or heart rate.
Administration of MA-TCK26D6 and UK396082 led to a decrease in
mortality secondary to aortic rupture (from 36.8% to 10.0% and
8.3% respectively). MA-TCK26D6 led to a decrease in AAA incidence
(58.333.0%), whereas UK396082 resulted in an increase (58.3
81.8%). Where AAA did occur, neither inhibitor resulted in a change
in AAA size.
Conclusion: Infusion of AngII did not alter ex-vivo fibrin clot structure.
Inhibition of plasmin-mediated activation of TAFI in-vivo resulted in
a decrease in the incidence of AAA likely due to localised fibrinolysis
with unaltered inflammatory activity, whereas inhibition of all TAFI
activity resulted in an increase in AAA formation likely due to
increased inflammatory response.
AS206
Role of DNA methylation in candidate genes regions
on tissue plasminogen activator levels
Zwingerman N1, Kassam I1, Truong V1, Assi D2, Dennis J1,
egou
et D-A2 and
Wilson M3, Wells P4, Morange P-E5, Tr
1
Gagnon F
1
Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto,
Toronto, Canada; 2UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics &
Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, INSERM, Paris,
France; 3Genetics and Genome Biology Program, SickKids
Research Institute, Toronto; 4Department of Medicine, Faculty of
Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; 5UMR_S
1062, Nutrition Obesity and Risk of Thrombosis, INSERM,
Marseille, France
Background: Tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA) is a serine protease
that mediates the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin, the major
enzyme responsible for endogenous fibrinolysis. In some populations,
elevated tPA levels are associated with thrombotic outcomes. tPA
plasma levels are highly heritable, with estimates as high as 67%. A
GWAS identified three genes involved in tPA regulation. Collectively,
these genes explain only ~1% of tPA variance. DNA methylation can
regulate gene transcription and may account for variation in tPA
levels.
Aims: To identify DNA methylation levels, in candidate genes regions,
associated with tPA plasma levels.
Methods: In discovery sample of 140 individuals from 5 extended
French-Canadian families ascertained on a single proband with venous
thromboembolism, a linear mixed regression model adjusted for relatedness and covariates was used, to test for association between DNA
methylation levels and tPA plasma levels. DNA methylation sites
located within 150 kb of PLAT, STXBP5, and STX2 gene regions
were tested. Sites with FDR < 0.1 were tested for replication in a study
sample of 186 venous thromboembolism cases.
74
ABSTRACTS
Results: A total of 304 sites were tested for association. Significant

associations with tPA levels were identified for 5 sites within PLAT
region, 1 site within STXBP5 region, and 7 sites within STX2 region.
Associations for 3 sites (2 in PLAT and 1 in STX2) were replicated in
an independent study sample (P < 0.03). In PLAT region, both sites
are located upstream of the gene and in active genomic regulatory
regions (transcription factor binding sites). The third site is located
within the STX2 gene, which has been previously shown to be associated with tPA release. Collectively, these methylation sites explain
5.7% of tPA level variation.
Conclusion: Inter-individual variation in DNA methylation levels in
PLAT and STX2 genomic regions contribute to the variation in tPA
plasma levels, providing new mechanistic insights on tPA regulation.
Protein C and sepsis

AS207
Protein C (APC) pathway functions in inflammatory
diseases
Esmon CT
Coagulation Biology Laboratory, Okla Med Res Foundation,
Oklahoma City, OK, USA
Abstract Body: Activated protein C has been shown to reduce complications in a variety of disease models including sepsis, diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, kidney and heart reperfusion injury, asthma
and stroke. Thrombomodulin is involved not only in protein C activation but in down regulating complement activation. Mutations in
thrombomodulin have been identified that eliminate its ability to inhibit complement activation. Patients with these mutations appear to be
susceptible to atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, the onset of which
is often linked to some inflammatory stimulus. The endothelial protein
C receptor is involved in binding protein C and increasing protein C
activation rates. It also binds activated protein C and that complex
enhances endothelial barrier function and decreases elaboration of
adhesion molecules on endothelium, processes that involve activation
of protease activated receptors. EPCR also serves as a binding site for
malaria infected red cells. This interaction appears to contribute to
stroke in infected children. In many inflammatory diseases, cells
release DNA histone complexes. The histones activate toll like receptors 2, 4 and 9 thereby triggering an inflammatory response. Activated
protein C can cleave the most active histones and thereby block their
pro-inflammatory activity. Thus, the pathway serves many functions
in modulating inflammatory diseases.
AS208
Silencing antithrombin and protein C in ApoE knockout
mice causes severe coagulopathy but not
atherothrombosis
Ouweneel AB1, Heestermans M2, Van Vlijmen BJM2 and Eck MV1
1
Division of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug
Research/Leiden University; 2Department of Thrombosis and
Hemostasis, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The
Netherlands
Background: Atherothrombosis is a major cause of cardiovascular
events. Unfortunately, mouse models rarely develop atherothrombosis
due to their strong anticoagulation activity and relatively stable atherosclerotic plaques. In models for atherothrombosis often the latter
obstacle is overcome by physically inducing plaque rupture. However,
it has not been studied whether reducing anticoagulation activity leads

to atherothrombosis in mice.
Aims: Recently, a novel mouse model was developed in which spontaneous venous thrombosis was induced by siRNA targeting of the anticoagulation factors Serpinc1 (antithrombin) and Proc (protein C). We
have used this model to study the role of anticoagulation in arterial
and venous thrombosis in dyslipidemic and atherosclerotic Apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE/) mice.
Methods: ApoE/ mice were fed Western Type Diet for 8 weeks, followed by injection with siRNA targeting Serpinc1, Proc, or both.
Results: Combined knockdown of Serpinc1 (98.7 0.4%) and Proc
(95.4 0.4%) led to severe coagulopathy, including a massive
decrease in circulating platelets (94.3 0.8%), severe weight loss
(16.6 3.2%), microscopically visible venous thrombi and subsequent hepatic ischemia within 48 h post injection. Single gene targeting (Serpinc1: 96.0 1.2%, Proc: 90.8 0.6%) caused no
macroscopically visible signs of coagulopathy, but circulating platelets
were decreased (Serpinc1: 36 11%, Proc: 53 21%), albeit to a
lesser extent than when both genes were targeted. Atherothrombosis
was not observed upon either single or double gene knockdown.
Conclusion: In conclusion, combined silencing of Serpinc1 and Proc
causes severe coagulopathy in ApoE/ mice. Furthermore, this study
shows that atherothrombosis cannot be induced in ApoE/ by combined or individual silencing of Serpinc1 and Proc. Nonetheless, this
model is valuable for future research on the interplay between hyperlipidemia and thrombosis.
AS209
E-WE thrombin activates protein C on the platelet
surface and rapidly interrupts experimental thrombus
progression in primates
Tucker E1,2, Wallisch M1,2, Verbout N1,2, Markway B1,
McCarty O2 and Gruber A1,2
1
Aronora, Inc; 2Biomedical Engoneering, Oregon Health &
Science University, Portland, USA
Background: E-WE thrombin is a protein C activator thrombin analog
that is currently in preclinical development for treating acute thrombosis.
Aims: We evaluated whether E-WE thrombin can interrupt thrombus
propagation in a baboon vascular graft thrombosis model and
explored a mechanism by which E-WE can activate protein C in the
absence of an intact endothelium.
Methods: The ability of E-WE thrombin to interrupt thrombus formation was compared with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in
baboons. Thrombosis was initiated in collagen coated teflon vascular
grafts (2 or 4 mm ID) within a chronic arterio/venous shunt. Radiolabeled fibrinogen and platelet deposition were monitored to quantify
thrombus growth for up to 90 min. E-WE or tPA were injected IV 15
or 30 min after thrombus initiation. For in vitro studies, purified
platelets were stimulated with collagen and incubated with E-WE
thrombin and protein C to measure generation of activated protein C
(APC).
Results: In the 4 mm grafts, tPA (1 mg kg1) reduced platelet accumulation by 13% at 90 min after thrombus initiation, compared to
untreated controls (n = 6 each). E-WE thrombin (1.510 lg kg1)
rapidly and dose-dependently interrupted platelet deposition by 46
71% (n = 14) compared with controls. In the 2 mm grafts, all 8/8 control devices occluded within 30 min. E-WE thrombin (2.510 lg kg1)
interrupted and prevented occlusive thrombus formation, with only 4/
12 devices occluding within 60 min. E-WE treatment did not alter
bleeding times or volumes. In vitro, activated platelets significantly
enhanced APC generation by E-WE, which was blocked by an antithrombomodulin antibody.
ABSTRACTS
Conclusion: E-WE thrombin effectively interrupts experimental occlusive thrombus formation in primates, likely by platelet-mediated targeting of APC generation to the thrombus surface. E-WE may
therefore provide a safe and effective treatment for acute thrombotic
cardiovascular emergencies such as heart attack and stroke.
Disclosure of Interest: E. Tucker Shareholder of: Aronora, Inc,
Employee of: Aronora, Inc, M. Wallisch Employee of: Aronora, Inc,
N. Verbout Employee of: Aronora, Inc, B. Markway Employee of: Aronora, Inc, O. McCarty: None Declared, A. Gruber Shareholder of:
Aronora, Inc, Employee of: Aronora, Inc.
AS210
Impact of the endothelial protein C receptor in
coagulation, inflammation and hematopoiesis
Pepler L1, Yu P2, Dwivedi DJ3, Trigatti BL2 and Liaw PC3
1
Department of Medical Sciences; 2Department of Biochemistry
and Biomedical Sciences; 3Department of Medicine, McMaster
Background: The endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) binds to protein C (PC) and increases the rate of activated protein C (APC) generation by the thrombin-thrombomodulin complex. APC exerts
anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective effects, which
are EPCR-dependent. In addition to the endothelium, EPCR is highly
expressed on hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) although the biological
role for EPCR on HSCs is unknown.
Aims: In order to study the role of EPCR independent of PC interaction we generated an EPCR point mutation knock-in mouse
(EPCRR84A/R84A) which lacks the ability to bind PC/APC. We hypothesize that impaired PC/APC binding to EPCR will result in a procoagulant and pro-inflammatory phenotype, and will modulate
hematopoiesis.
Methods: Blood collected from mice after thrombotic or inflammatory
challenge was analyzed for markers of coagulation and inflammation.
Neutrophil infiltration was assessed by myeloperoxidase activity.
Fibrin deposition was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Bone marrow transplant (BMT) experiments were performed on irradiated wildtype (WT) and EPCRR84A/R84A. Spleen and bone marrow cells were
collected 6 months post BMT and analyzed by flow cytometry.
Results: EPCRR84A/R84A mice infused with factor Xa generate less
APC, and more thrombin-antithrombin complexes, and show
increased fibrin deposition in lungs compared to WT controls.
EPCRR84A/R84A mice challenged with lipopolysaccharide generate less
APC, more IL-6 and show increased neutrophil infiltration in the
lungs compared to WT controls. Interestingly, EPCRR84A/R84A mice
develop a splenic disorder characterized by splenomegaly and extramedullary hematopoiesis. BMT experiments suggest that the splenomegaly is due to bone marrow failure.
Conclusion: These results show that impaired PC binding to EPCR not
only has procoagulant and pro-inflammatory effects, but also impairs
bone marrow function, suggesting a role for EPCR in hematopoiesis.
75
Chronic kidney disease and

coagulation
AS211
Chronic kidney disease as a risk factor for thrombotic
and bleeding events
Sood M
Medicine: Nephrology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute,
Ottawa, Canada
With the increasing worldwide prevalence of chronic kidney disease, it
is anticipated that medical complications will rise in parallel. Patients
with chronic kidney disease and requiring dialytic therapies are getting
older, with more co-morbid medical conditions, interventions and
polypharmacy all leading to increases in the risk of venous thromboembolism and bleeding events. In this session we will review the epidemiological risk of venous thromboembolism and bleeding events
among those with kidney disease. Risk will be exmained across the
kidney disease spectrum (chornic kidney disease, dialysis and renal
transplantation) and among specific subgroups (the elderly, antithrombotic medications). Lastly mechanisms for the increased risk and an
overview for harm reduction will be discussed.
AS212
GRP78 injection ameliorates haemolytic uraemic
syndrome (HUS) phenotype in a subab toxin induced
mouse model
Kamel S1, Freddi S1, Selan C1, Samudra A1, Sharma A1, Cowan P2
and Nandurkar H1
1
Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne;
2
Immunology Research Centre, St Vincents Public Hospital,
Melbourne, Australia
Background: Haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) presents with
thrombocytopenia, red cell fragmentation and renal failure. Shiga
toxigenic Escherichia coli (STEC) causes HUS by Shiga toxin elaboration. Recently, Subtilase cytotoxin (SubAB) has also been implicated.
SubAB single handedly recapitulates a mouse model of HUS. The A
unit is internalised intracellularly and selectively cleaves GRP78, an
endoplasmic reticulum chaperone protein. Depletion of GRP78 triggers induction of the unfolded protein response and cell death. Treatment of HUS is supportive with often disastrous consequences,
including chronic renal failure and death.
Aims: 1)To see if GRP78 used as a decoy molecule can ameliorate the
HUS phenotype in a mouse model. 2)To assess whether a mutant
GRP78, D416, which is resistant to cleavage by SubAB, can further
ameliorate the HUS phenotype.
Methods: A 5 wk old male BALB/c mice received intraperitoneal (IP)
injection of SubAB and either concurrent intravenous (IV) injection of
wild type GRP78 (WT GRP78) or GRP78 D416. Mice were sacrificed
at 72 h.
Results: SubAB alone caused severe thrombocytopenia in 50% of mice
(8/16) at 72 h. IV administration of WT GRP78 (8 lg g1) or GRP78
D416 (8 lg g1) concurrently with SubAB (2.5ug) prevented thrombocytopenia in 100% of the mice (11/11 and 4/4 respectively). Delaying
GRP78 administration until 3 h post SubAB injection did not prevent
this. Mice lost weight in all groups treated with SubAB, however in the
groups treated with concurrent WT GRP78, weight loss at 72 h was
less severe. There was no detectable difference in degree of red cell
fragmentation or haemoglobin. Renal damage at 72 h was too mild to
detect a difference.
76
ABSTRACTS
Conclusion: Concurrent injection of GRP78 with SubAB resulted in

amelioration of HUS phenotype, manifest as preservation of spleen
size and less weight loss. Exogenous GRP78 acts as a decoy for SubAB, but given SubAB depletes constitutive intracellular GRP78, the
improvement was minimal.
AS213
Tumor necrosis factor suppresses the glomerular
endothelial cell surface protein CD141
(thrombomodulin) and stimulates expression of C3
and factor B: implications for renal injury and
thrombosis in the atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome
Sartain S1,2, Turner NA3 and Moake JL3
1
Baylor College of Medicine; 2Pediatric Hematology and
Oncology, Texas Childrens Hospital; 3Bioengineering, Rice
University, Houston, TX, USA
Background: Alternative complement pathway (AP) dysregulation and
kidney injury characterize atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
(aHUS). CD141 (thrombomodulin) is an endothelial cell (EC) surface
protein that prevents complement-mediated injury and serves as a natural anticoagulant. Differences in the production of complement regulatory proteins and AP components by glomerular microvascular
endothelial cells (GMVECs), compared to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), may explain the renal injury of aHUS. These
differences may be augmented during inflammation.
Aims: Quantify complement regulatory protein and AP component
gene expression in GMVECs and HUVECs, and quantify surface
complement regulatory proteins on both cell types, with and without
tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin 1-beta (IL1-b) stimulation.
Methods: HUVEC and GMVEC RNA for CD55, CD46, CD59,
CD141 and AP components were analyzed by real-time PCR. The fold
changes in gene expression were calculated in control cells and cells
exposed to TNF or IL1-b for 48 h. HUVECs and GMVECs stimulated for 48 h with TNF or IL1-b were also labeled with FITC- or PEconjugated antibodies to CD55, CD46, CD141 and CD59 or with isotype controls, and analyzed by flow cytometry.
Results: Thrombomodulin gene (THBD) expression was 2-fold higher
and CD141 surface presence was 7-fold higher in GMVECs as compared to HUVECs. Gene expression of C3 increased 32-fold in TNFincubated HUVECs and 153-fold in TNF-incubated GMVECs. Gene
expression of CFB increased 16-fold in TNF incubated HUVECs and
59-fold in TNF-incubated GMVECs.
Conclusion: THBD gene expression in GMVECs is extensively downregulated by TNF, decreasing CD141 presence and leading to renal
microvascular vulnerability to complement-mediated injury and
micro-thrombi formation. AP components C3 and CFB are extremely
up-regulated in GMVECs by TNF. Augmented AP activity plus
decreased GMVEC protection explain the susceptibility of the kidney
to injury during inflammation, and in aHUS.
AS214
Long-term tinzaparin versus warfarin for treatment of
venous thromboembolism (VTE) in cancer patients
analysis of renal impairment (RI) in the catch study
Bauersachs R1, Lee AYY2, Kamphuisen PW3, Meyer G4,
Janas MS5, Jarner MF5, Khorana AA6 and on behalf of the CATCH
Investigators
1
Department of Vascular Medicine, Darmstadt Hospital,
Darmstadt, Germany; 2Division of Hematology, University of
British Columbia and Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver,
Canada; 3Department of Vascular Medicine, University Medical
Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; 4Respiratory
Unit, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris, France; 5LEO
Pharma, Ballerup, Denmark; 6Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland
Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
Background: Cancer patients receiving anticoagulation for VTE have
elevated risks for recurrent VTE (rVTE) and bleeding. RI also
increases rVTE and bleeding risk.
Aims: To assess the impact of RI on rVTE or clinically relevant bleeding (CRB; major or clinically relevant non-major bleeding) in cancer
patients receiving anticoagulation.
Methods: CATCH, a Phase III PROBE trial (NCT01130025), compared tinzaparin (T) 175 IU kg1 once daily for 6 months vs. initial T
175 IU kg1 once daily for 510 days and warfarin (W) for 6 months
in patients with active cancer and acute symptomatic VTE. Dose of T
was not adjusted for renal function. Risk of rVTE and CRB was compared in patients with CrCl 60 mL min1 vs. CrCl < 60 mL min1.
Patients were followed up to 6 months or death for rVTE and up to
24 h after last dose of study drug for CRB.
Results: A total of 862 subjects had a central lab CrCl value at randomization; 733 had CrCl 60 mL min1 and 129 had CrCl
< 60 mL min1. Mean age was 59 years; 41% were male. rVTE
occurred in 8% of patients with CrCl 60 mL min1 vs. 14% of
patients with CrCl < 60 mL min1 (relative risk [RR] 0.57; 95% CI
0.350.93). Corresponding rates were 6% (22/355) vs. 13% (9/67; RR
0.46; 95% CI 0.220.96) among those treated with T and 10% (36/
378) vs. 15% (9/62; RR 0.66; 95% CI 0.331.29) among those on W.
There were no statistically significant differences in rVTE between T
and W within each renal group.
CRB occurred in 15% of patients with CrCl 60 mL min1 vs. 20%
of patients with CrCl < 60 mL min1 (RR 0.75; 95% CI 0.511.10).
Corresponding rates were 13% (46/355) vs. 16% (11/67; RR 0.79;
95% CI 0.431.44) among those on T and 17% (65/378) vs. 24% (15/
62; RR 0.71; 95% CI 0.431.16) among those on W. There were no
statistically significant differences in CRB between T and W within
each renal group.
Conclusion: RI leads to a significant increase in the risk of rVTE but
not CRB in cancer patients on anticoagulation for VTE. Long-term T
therapy in RI patients did not increase CRB compared with W.
Disclosure of Interest: R. Bauersachs: None Declared, A. Y. Lee
Grant/Research Support from: Bristol-Myers Squibb, Consultant for:
Bayer; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Pfizer: LEO Pharma; Daiicho Sankyo;
Boehringer Ingelheim; Sanofi, Aviva, P. W. Kamphuisen Grant/
Research Support from: LEO Pharma; Pfizer; Boehringer Ingelheim,
Consultant for: LEO Pharma, G. Meyer Grant/Research Support
from: Bayer; Boehringer Ingelheim; LEO Pharma; Sanofi-Aventis, M.
S. Janas Employee of: LEO Pharma, M. F. Jarner Employee of: LEO
Pharma, A. A. Khorana Grant/Research Support from: LEO Pharma,
Consultant for: Sanofi; LEO Pharma; AngioDynamics; Daiichi Sankyo; Genentech; Johnson & Johnson.
ABSTRACTS
Endothelial cell-VTE models

AS215
The role of GAS6 in the pathophysiology of venous
thrombosis
Blostein M
Medicine, Jewish General Hospital/Lady Davis Institute for
Medical Research, Montreal, Canada
Gas6 is a vitamin K dependent protein that is homologous to protein
S but has no role in thrombin generation and fibrin formation. Rather,
it is a soluble ligand for the TAM receptor tyrosine kinases with protean roles in several different cellular systems. Gas6 has a role in both
venous and arterial thrombosis as demonstrated in gas6 null mice.
These mice, lacking gas6, were protected from both arterial thrombosis and lethal venous thromboembolism through a defect in platelet
signalling.
To investigate other possible contributions to thrombus formation by
Gas6, we employed a bone marrow transplantation strategy to generate mice with selective ablations of Gas6 in the vascular or hematopoietic compartments. This approach successfully allowed us to observe a
contribution by vascular Gas6 to thrombus formation, through the.
promotion of tissue factor upregulation in endothelial cells.
Based on recent evidence that (i) Gas6 regulates the expression of tissue factor during venous thrombosis and (ii) cancer promotes a procoagulant milieu, we hypothesized that Gas6 may be involved in cancer-induced coagulopathy. We demonstrate that gas6 null mice were
protected from cancer-induced coagulopathy in a murine model of
Cancer-associated thrombosis. Whole genome microarray analysis of
differential gene expression in WT and Gas6/ endothelial cells cocultured with M27 murine lung carcinoma cells reveal that Gas6
increased prostaglandin E synthaseexpression in endothelial cells,
resulting in augmented PGE2 production. PGE2 activates platelets
after binding to its receptor, EP3. In vivo, EP3 receptor antagonism
reversed the effect of cancer-induced thrombosis in WT mice. These
results show that Gas6, through upregulation of PGE2, contributes to
cancer-induced venous thrombosis.
In summary, the above findings suggest a potential novel mechanism
for thrombus formation and aid in the understanding of the pathophysiology of venous thrombosis..
AS216
Correlation between deep vein thrombosis and
pulmonary embolism using an in vivo mouse model of
venous thromboembolism: effect of thrombin
inhibition
Shaya SA1, Saldanha LJ1, Vaezzadeh N1, Ni R1, Zhou J2 and
Gross PL2
1
Medical Sciences; 2Medicine, Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis
Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
Background: Whether a patient presents with deep vein thrombosis
(DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE) varies based on clinical factors.
Patients with factor V Leiden typically present with DVT while cancer
patients present with PE. The role of DVT stability in the progression
of DVT to PE is not known. Clinical trial data suggest an increase in
thrombotic events when patients were treated acutely with a direct
thrombin inhibitor (DTI) compared to low-molecular-weight-heparin
(LMWH).
Aims: To develop a model to assess thrombus stability and its link to
PE burden, and whether DTIs, as opposed to LMWH, alters this correlation.
77
Methods: Platelets were fluorescently labelled using CD41 fab fragments conjugated to an Alexa Fluor 488. The femoral vein of C57BL/
6 female mice was subjected to ferric chloride injury to initiate thrombus formation. Treatment with saline, dalteparin (0.2 IU g1 mouse
body weight (mbw)), or dabigatran (33 mg g1 mbw), was administered 12 min after thrombus formation. Intravital videomicroscopy
recorded embolic events (EEs) leaving the thrombus, and thrombus
sizes (TSs) every 10 min for 2 h. Lungs were harvested, sectioned and
stained for the presence of PE.
Results: Total and large EEs were highest after dabigatran treatment
compared to saline or dalteparin. Between the 1st and 2nd hour after
treatment, dabigatran-treated mice showed the highest increase in EEs
over time. Variations in amounts of EEs were not attributed to variations in TSs since TSs was similar between the groups. The number of
emboli per lung slice was higher in dabigatran-treated mice. Large EEs
correlated positively with the number of emboli per lung slice independent of treatment.
Conclusion: We have developed a mouse model of venous thromboembolism that can quantify emboli and PE burden. Consistent with clinical data, dabigatran, a DTI, was shown to acutely decrease thrombus
stability and increase PE burden compared to LMWH or saline.
AS217
Inhibition of platelet function with the novel 12-LOX
inhibitor ML355 impairs thrombus growth, stability
and vessel occlusion in vivo
Adili R1, Yeung J1, Holman TR2 and Holinstat M1
1
Department of Medicine, Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic
Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia;
2
Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of
California, Santa Cruz, USA
Background: Platelet activation is a key step in hemostasis; however
excessive level of reactivity can lead to occlusive thrombi. While current treatments limit platelet function, they often result in an increased
risk of bleeding. 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX), an oxygenase highly
expressed in the platelet, has been demonstrated by our lab and others
to regulate PAR4 and GPVI-mediated platelet reactivity. The ability
to target 12-LOX in vivo has not been established to date.
Aims: To determine how 12-LOX regulates thrombus formation
in vivo. 12-LOX deficient (12-LOX/) mice or wild-type (WT) mice
treated with or without with the 12-LOX inhibitor, ML355, were
assessed for effects on platelet activation and thrombus formation.
Methods: In vivo thrombus formation was studied in 12-LOX/, WT
mice, and mice treated with ML355 using intravital microscopy using
the FeCl3 injury model. Additionally, whole blood was tested ex vivo
following incubation with ML355 for platelet adhesion in real time.
Results: Platelet aggregation and thrombus growth was impaired in
response to FeCl3 injury in 12-LOX/ mice in the mesenteric or carotid artery thrombosis model. Thrombi in 12-LOX/ mice were unstable and frequently form emboli which resulted in impaired vessel
occlusion or re-opening. Additionally, thrombus formation and vessel
occlusion was impaired in ML355 treated WT mice. In the ex vivo flow
chamber assay, platelet adhesion and thrombus formation at high
shear was attenuated in both mouse and human blood after incubation
with ML355.
Conclusion: Thrombus growth, stability, and vessel occlusion is
impaired in mice deficient for 12-LOX. The highly selective 12-LOX
inhibitor ML355 attenuates thrombus formation and prevents vessel
occlusion in vivo. Further, platelet function at high shear in ex vivo
conditions in both mice and human was attenuated in the presence of
ML355. Our data strongly indicates that inhibition of platelet 12-LOX
may represent a new target for anti-platelet therapeutics.
78
ABSTRACTS
AS218
Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI): an endogenous
substrate for factor VII activating protease (FSAP)
in vivo
Subramaniam S1, Thielmann I2, Morowski M2, Pragst I3,
Sandset PM4, Nieswandt B2, Etscheid M5 and Kanse SM6
1
Centre for Thrombosis and haemostasis, Johannes Gutenberg
Universitat Mainz, Mainz; 2Rudolf Virchow Center, University of
rzburg, Wu
rzburg; 3Pharmacology, CSL Behring GmbH,
Wu
Marburg, Germany; 4Oslo University Hospital, Oslo University,
Oslo, Norway; 5Paul Ehrlich Institute, Langen, Germany;
6
Department of Biochemistry, Oslo University, Oslo, Norway
Background: Factor VII activating protease (FSAP) is a serine protease in plasma. Genetic epidemiological studies have implied a role for
FSAP in thrombosis, carotid stenosis and stroke.
Aims: To date, no in vivo evidence is available to support these claims.
In our present study, we have used FSAP/ mice to define its role in
thrombosis and haemostasis in vivo and to characterize the molecular
mechanisms involved.
Methods: Wild type (WT) and littermate FSAP/ mice were compared in various in vivo and ex-vivo model systems. To study the arterial system, we performed FeCl3induced carotid artery and
mesenteric arteriole models. We also performed pulmonary embolism
model to study the function of FSAP in venous system. To evaluate
the haemostasis tail-bleeding assay was performed. All the downstream ex-vivo analysis (coagulation factor, platelet function, TFPI,
etc.) was performed using the samples from above models.
Results: FeCl3induced arterial thrombosis revealed that the occlusion
time was significantly increased in FSAP/ mice (P < 0.01) and that
some FSAP/ mice did not occlude at all. Lethal pulmonary thromboembolism induced by collagen/epinephrine infusion was delayed in
FSAP/ mice (P < 0.01). Although no spontaneous bleeding was evident, in the tail-bleeding assay, a re-bleeding pattern in FSAP/ mice
was observed. Thus, a lack of endogenous FSAP impaired the formation of stable, occlusive thrombi. To explain these observations at a
mechanistic level we then determined how haemostasis factors and
putative FSAP substrates were altered in FSAP/ mice. Similarly,
when reconstitute the FSAP, the phenotype of FSAP/ mice was
reversed and significantly reduced the TFPI level. Interestingly, we
could not find any evidence for altered activation of factor VII in
FSAP/ mice.
Conclusion: Thus, we conclude TFPI is likely to be a substrate for
FSAP, rather than FVIIa, which accounts for its effects in thrombosis
and haemostasis.
AS219
Intrinsic and extrinsic coagulation pathways both
contribute to ligation-induced deep vein thrombosis in
rats
Zhou J1,2, Liao P1,2, Leslie BA1,2, Vu TT1,3, Ni R1,3, Stafford AR1,2,
Fredenburgh JC1,2, Monia BP4, Gross PL1,2 and Weitz JI1,2,5
1
The Thrombosis & Atherosclerosis Research Institute; 2Medicine;
3
Medical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; 4Isis
Pharmaceuticals INC., Carlsbad, USA; 5Biochemistry and
Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
Background: Previously we showed rapid tissue factor expression after
inferior vena cava (IVC) ligation-induce deep vein thrombosis in rats
implicating the extrinsic pathway in this process. However, it is
unknown whether the intrinsic pathway also contributes because of
activation by nucleic acids.
Aims: To determine the relative contribution of the extrinsic and

intrinsic pathways to ligation-induced DVT in rats, and to investigate
the role of DNA or RNA in this process.
Methods: Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) were used to lower the
levels of factor (f) VII or fXII prior to ligation, and some rats given
the fVII-directed ASO received concomitant corn trypsin inhibitor
(CTI) at the time of ligation to inhibit fXIIa. The effect of CTI alone
also was examined. Intravenous DNase or RNase was administered
prior to ligation to determine their role in DVT. Thrombi were harvested and subjected to immunohistochemical analysis.
Results: Compared with saline, fVII- and fXII-directed ASOs reduced
fVII and fXII activities to 0.1 0.2% and 3 1%, respectively, and
reduced IVC thrombus mass to 25 15% and 20 13%, respectively. Whereas CTI alone reduced thrombus mass to 35 27% relative to saline, CTI administration to rats given the fVII ASO reduced
thrombus mass to 3 7%; a value significantly (P < 0.05) lower than
that with fVII ASO or CTI alone. DNA, but not RNA, was seen in
thrombi, and prior administration of DNase, but not RNase, reduced
thrombus mass to 18 21% relative to the saline control. DNA particles were abundant throughout the thrombi, but neutrophil extracellular traps were rare. Leukocytes in the thrombi stained for DNA,
cleaved caspase-3, and hypoxia inducible factor-1a.
Conclusion: The intrinsic and extrinsic pathways play independent but
cooperative roles in ligation-induced DVT in rats. DNA contributes to
thrombosis in this model and stasis and hypoxia may induce cell apoptosis, netosis, and DNA release.
Disclosure of Interest: J. Zhou: None Declared, P. Liao: None
Declared, B. Leslie: None Declared, T. Vu: None Declared, R. Ni:
None Declared, A. Stafford: None Declared, J. Fredenburgh: None
Declared, B. Monia Shareholder of: Isis Pharmaceuticals Inc.,
Employee of: Isis Pharmaceuticals Inc., P. Gross: None Declared, J.
Weitz: None Declared.
Inhibitors clinical
AS220
Factor VIII inhibitors in patients with non-severe
hemophilia
Kempton CL
Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Emory University
School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA
Although neutralizing antibodies (inhibitors) that bind factor (F) VIII
most commonly occur in the setting of severe hemophilia A, they can
also be a devastating complication of FVIII replacement therapy in
5.3% of patients non-severe hemophilia A. When compared with
severe hemophilia A, they tend to occur at an older age (median age of
46 years vs. 15 months) and after greater FVIII exposure (28 vs. 14
exposure days). Furthermore, the risk increases up to 100 exposure
days. Over the past 5 years, a greater understanding of risk factors for
inhibitor development in this population has developed. Important
risk factors include intensive exposure to FVIII, particularly in adult
patients, and specific F8 mutations such as Arg593Cys, Trp2229Cys,
and Arg2159Cys mutation. Other risk factors that have been postulated but are less well understood include surgery as the indication for
intensive replacement therapy and the method of delivery of intensive
FVIII replacement. Once inhibitors develop in persons with nonsevere hemophilia A, they often cross-react with native FVIII leading
to a reduction in circulating FVIII activity and marked change in
bleeding phenotype. The bleeding phenotype more closely corresponds
to that seen with acquired hemophilia A with muscle and soft-tissue
bleeding rather than spontaneous joint bleeding. For treatment of
bleeding episodes a variety of approaches have been proposed. The
best approach to inhibitor eradication remains a matter of debate.
Immune tolerance induction (ITI) as is carried out in patients with
severe hemophilia is typically not useful or necessary likely because of
ABSTRACTS
the tolerogenic effect of continued circulating endogenous FVIII. Rituximab continues to be considered a first line approach by many,
though its benefit over observation alone is unclear. Once the inhibitor
has resolved, recurrence rates are unknown, though re-introduction of
FVIII replacement therapy has been reported even in the absence of
prior ITI therapy.
AS221
State-of-the-art analysis of FVIII-binding antibodies
reveals IGA as a prognostic biomarker for poor
treatment outcomes in acquired hemophilia A
Hofbauer CJ1, Werwitzke S2, Knoebl P3, Gottstein S4, Scharf RE5,
Heinz J6, Gross J7, Holstein K8, Dobbelstein C2, Scheiflinger F1,
Reipert BM1 and Tiede A2
1
Baxter BioScience, Vienna, Austria; 2Hannover Medical School,
Hannover, Germany; 3Vienna Medical University, Vienna,
Austria; 4Vivantes Clinic Friedrichshain, Berlin; 5Heinrich Heine
University Medical Center, Duesseldorf; 6Freiburg University
Hospital, Freiburg; 7Saarland University Hospital, Homburg/Saar;
8
University Hospital Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
Background: Acquired hemophilia A (AHA) is a serious autoimmune
disorder caused by neutralizing autoantibodies against factor VIII
(FVIII). Remission can be achieved by immunosuppressive therapy
and time to remission ranges from a few days to several months. The
GTH-AH 01/2010 study included patients treated according to a uniform protocol and established that baseline FVIII and FVIII inhibitor
titers are predictors of the time to partial remission (PR) or complete
remission (CR) (Tiede et al. Blood 2015).
Aims: To assess the potential prognostic value of state-of-the art
analysis of FVIII-binding antibodies.
Methods: Antibody titers and apparent affinities of FVIII-binding
antibodies, differentiated for IgM, IgG 14 and IgA, at time of diagnosis from 81 patients were analyzed as described by Whelan et al.
(Blood 2013) and Hofbauer et al. (Blood 2015). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were used to determine hazard ratios
(HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the prognostic impact of
these markers on time to PR, CR, and overall survival (OS), and were
adjusted for confounding factors.
Results: Patients positive for FVIII-binding IgA (46%) at time of diagnosis achieved CR less often (HR 0.35, CI 0.180.68) and had a higher
mortality (HR 2.6, CI 1.16.2). Effects on PR were of borderline significance, as were any effects of the presence or absence of other antibody subclasses. Furthermore, patients with IgA titers > 1:80 (median)
had a worse prognosis than those with lower titers. Of note, IgA titers
did not correlate with FVIII inhibitor titers, whereas IgG subclass
titers did. Apparent affinities of FVIII-binding antibodies did not
appear to have an impact on outcomes except for effects of marginal
significance on PR.
Conclusion: FVIII-binding IgA autoantibodies at time of diagnosis are
a prognostic biomarker associated with poor prognosis in AHA, as
positive patients achieved CR less often and showed decreased OS in
an IgA titer-dependent manner.
Disclosure of Interest: C. Hofbauer Employee of: Baxter BioScience, S.
Werwitzke: None Declared, P. Knoebl Grant/Research Support from:
Baxter, Novo Nordisk, CSL Behring, Consultant for: Baxter, Novo
Nordisk, CSL Behring, S. Gottstein: None Declared, R. Scharf: None
Declared, J. Heinz: None Declared, J. Gross: None Declared, K. Holstein: None Declared, C. Dobbelstein: None Declared, F. Scheiflinger
Employee of: Baxter BioScience, B. Reipert Employee of: Baxter BioScience, A. Tiede: None declared.
79
AS222
Predictors of success of immune tolerance induction in
hemophilia a patients with high-responding inhibitors.
A prognostic score from the Italian profit registry
Coppola A1, Margaglione M2, Rocino A3, Mancuso ME4,
Tagliaferri A5, Zanon E6, Santoro R7, Schinco P8, Linari S9,
Castaman G9,10, Messina M11, Cultrera D12, Santoro C13,
Biasoli C14, Santagostino E4, Minno GD1 and on behalf of the
AICE PROFIT Study Group
1
Regional Reference Center for Coagulation Disorders, Federico II
University Hospital, Naples; 2Department of Medical Genetics,
University of Foggia, Foggia; 3Hemophilia and Thrombosis
Center, S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Naples; 4A. Bianchi Bonomi
Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, IRCCS Ca Granda
Foundation, Maggiore Hospital Policlinico, Milan; 5Regional
Reference Centre for Inherited Bleeding Disorders, University
Hospital, Parma; 6Hemophilia Center, University Hospital,
Padova; 7Hemophilia Center, Pugliese Ciaccio Hospital,
Catanzaro; 8Thrombosis and Bleeding Disorders Unit, University
Hospital, Turin; 9Hemophilia Center, Careggi University Hospital,
Florence; 10Hemophilia Center, S. Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza;
11
Hemophilia and Transfusion Center, Regina Margherita
Children Hospital, Turin; 12Hemophilia Center, University
Hospital, Catania; 13Department of Hematology, La Sapienza
University, Rome; 14Hemophilia and Transfusion Center, Bufalini
Marconi Hospital, Cesena, Italy
Background: Predictors of success of immune tolerance induction (ITI)
in patients with hemophilia A and high-responding inhibitors are still
debated.
Aims: To analyze predictors of outcome from 137 first ITI courses in
the Italian retrospective-prospective Registry.
Methods: ITI outcome was centrally reviewed (success: undetectable
inhibitor, in vivo recovery > 66%, FVIII half-life > 6 h; partial success:
inhibitor titre < 5 BU mL1 and/or abnormal pharmacokinetics, clinical response to FVIII treatment). A multivariate analysis of predictors was adjusted for patient- and treatment-related potential
confounders.
Results: ITI was started at -median (range)- 4.8 years (0.358.5), with
pre-ITI inhibitor titer of 4.5 BU mL1 (< 0.5200), 19 months (0
332) after inhibitor diagnosis. Historical inhibitor peak titer was 64
BU mL1 (6920). VWF-containing products were used in 24% of
cases and recombinant FVIII in the remaining ( 100 IU kg1 per d
in 33% and 75% and daily regimens in 48% and 83%, respectively,
P < 0.01). Inhibitor peak titre during ITI was 64 BU mL1 (5
16,384). Success was achieved by 70 patients (51.1%), partial success
by 21 (15.3%). Success rates were similar (53% vs. 49%) in good-risk
and poor-risk patients (Hay & Di Michele, Blood 2012). Pre-ITI
inhibitor titre (< 5 BU mL1, adjusted OR [95% CI] 6.5 [1.811.2],
P < 0.001), historical peak titre (< 200 BU mL1, 2.6 [1.26.5],
P < 0.05) and peak titre during ITI (< 100 BU mL1, 8.2 [3.122.8],
P < 0.001) were significant predictors of success, as well F8 mutation
class (non-null vs. null genotypes 79% vs. 45%, 11.1 [2.7644.7],
P = 0.001). A prognostic score, assigning 1 point in the absence of
each favourable predictor, was inversely related (P < 0.001) with success rate (0: 91%; 1: 79%; 2: 43%; 3: 24%; 4: 8%) and time to achieve
success (median, mo, 0: 7; 1: 11; 2: 16; 3: 23).
Conclusion: These data suggest that definitions of good-risk and
poor-risk patients should be revisited, and contribute to identify a
prognostic profile useful for optimizing clinical choices in ITI management.
80
ABSTRACTS
AS223
Risk for inhibitor development in severe hemophilia a
pups is not associated with class of FVIII concentrates
nor by high von-Willebrand factor or by type of viral
inactivation procedure
Hashemi SM1, Oldenburg J2, Platokouki H3, Liesner R4, van den
Berg HM1 and on behalf of PedNet Study Group
1
Julius Center for Health Sciences, University Medical Center
r Experimentelle
Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; 2Institut fu
Hamatologie und Transfusionsmedizin, Universit
atsklinikum,
Bonn, Germany; 3Haemophilia-Haemostasis Unit, St. Sophia
Childrens Hospital, Athens, Greece; 4Department of
Haematology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for children,
London, UK
Background: Most studies have demonstrated a higher risk of inhibitor
development for class recombinant vs. class plasma-derived concentrates. Debate is ongoing what the impact is of high von-Willebrand
factor (vWF) containing plasma-derived concentrates and whether different viral inactivation procedures might be associated with a different risk for inhibitors.
Aims: To investigate the association of plasma-derived vs. recombinant FVIII concentrates, vWF content and type of viral inactivation
procedure on inhibitor development in previously untreated patients
(PUPs) with severe hemophilia A.
Methods: A total of 883 PUPs with severe hemophilia A (FVIII < 1%)
born in 19902009 were included. Patients were followed until 50
exposure days. Risk of inhibitor development was assessed for classes
plasma-derived vs. recombinant concentrates. Furthermore the impact
of high vWF content and the method of viral inactivation for plasmaderived concentrates on inhibitor development were investigated. Cox
regression with time-varying covariates was used as analysis technique;
hazard ratios were adjusted for known genetic and treatment-related
variables.
Results: The risk of all and high titer inhibitor development in plasmaderived (n = 225) and recombinant concentrates (n = 658) was similar
with adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) of 0.78 (95% CI 0.561.07) for all
and 0.80 (0.55 1.14) for high titer inhibitors. Low vWF containing
concentrates (n = 41) had aHR of 0.77 (0.34 1.76) for all inhibitors
and 0.85 (0.34 2.12) for high titer inhibitor development compared
with high vWF concentrates (n = 184). Lastly, no effect of different
viral inactivation methods on inhibitor development was demonstrated.
Conclusion: The risk of classes plasma-derived and recombinant concentrates for inhibitor development was similar. Low vWF containing
concentrates had the same risk comparing with high vWF containing
concentrates. No effect of different viral inactivation methods on
inhibitor development was observed.
AS224
Mutation analysis of swedish hemophilia B families
high frequency of unique mutations
Martensson A1, Letelier A2 and Ljung R1
1
Department of Pediatrics; 2Department of Clinical Chemistry,
, Lund University,
Department of Clinical Sciences Malmo
, Sweden
Malmo
Background: Hemophilia B (HB) is caused by a heterogeneous spectrum of mutations. Characterization of the mutations is important in
genetic counseling, prenatal diagnosis and as a determinant to predict
risk of inhibitor development.
Aims: To study the spectrum of mutations, the true frequency of
unique recurrent mutations and the genotypephenotype association
in the Swedish HB population.
Methods: The study included, due to centralized DNA diagnostics, the

whole registered Swedish HB population (113 families: 47 severe, 22
moderate and 44 mild), each represented by one patient in the study.
Characterization of mutation was performed by conventional sequencing of all exons and haplotyping by single nucleotide polymorphisms
and microsatellites. The study was approved by the regional ethical
review board and informed consent was obtained from participating
individuals.
Results: A mutation was found in every family: eight had large deletions, three small deletions (< 10 basepair [bp]) and 102 single bp substitutions (69 missense, 26 nonsense, four splice site and three
promotor). Eleven mutations had not previously been reported. The
113 families had 66 different mutations. Sixteen mutations (one total
gene deletion, 14 single bp and one acceptor splice site) were present in
more than one family, accounting for mutations in 60 of the 113 families. In a subsample of 47/60 of these families haplotyping revealed
that 51% (24/47) were identical by descent (i.e. related) and 49% (23/
47) were recurrent mutations. Inhibitors developed in 9/47 (19%)
patients with severe HB.
Conclusion: We found eleven unreported mutations in the Swedish HB
population. Haplotyping of families with identical mutations revealed
the frequency of true unique mutations, based on a subsample, to be
at least 79%. The high frequency of inhibitors is probably caused by
many null mutations.
Stroke
AS226
Pre-event CHA2DS2-VASc score and severity of acute
stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation: findings from
the RAF study
Paciaroni M, Becattini C, Agnelli G, Acciarresi M and on behalf of
RAF study Investigators
Stroke Unit Department of Medicine, University of Perugia,
Perugia, Italy
Background: Current guidelines recommend CHA2DS2-VASc score to
assess the risk of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). The
association between pre-event CHA2DS2-VASc score and the severity
of acute stroke has never been defined.
Aims: We investigated the association between CHA2DS2-VASc score
and the severity of acute stroke in a prospective multicentre study
which enrolled consecutive patients with acute stroke and AF (RAF
study).
Methods: Severity of stroke was evaluated on admission by the
National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, that was
considered both as a continuous and dichotomized variable (severe
stroke = NIHSS > 10). Correlations between severity of stroke and
pre-event CHA2DS2-VASc was evaluated using multiple logistic
regression after adjustment for other risk factors.
Results: Of the consecutive patients enrolled in the study, 598 patients
had an admission NIHSS score greater than 10 and 399 patients lower
than 10. The mean NIHSS scores for CHA2DS2-VASc score of 08/9
were: 5.18, 8.30, 8.31, 8.86, 9.12, 9.67, 9.70, 10.30, 12.09, respectively.
A linear correlation was found between severity of stroke and
CHA2DS2-VASc score (r2 = 0.010, P = 0.001). On multivariate analysis, CHA2DS2-VASc score correlated with the severity of stroke (OR
1.084, P = 0.041, for each point increase).
Conclusion: In patients with AF, CHA2DS2-VASc score is a predictor
of severity of stroke in addition to be a predictor of risk of stroke. This
observation increases the value of the assessment of CHA2DS2-VASc
score when considering the use of anticoagulant treatment.
ABSTRACTS
AS227
Early recurrence and cerebral bleeding in patients with
acute ischemic stroke and atrial fibrillation: effect of
anticoagulation and its timing. The (RAF) study
Paciaroni M, Becattini C, Agnelli G and on behalf of RAF study
Investigators
Stroke Unit Department of Medicine, University of Perugia,
Perugia, Italy
Background: Anticoagulation timing in acute cardioembolic stroke
remains controversial.
Aims: In a prospective cohort of patients with acute stroke and atrial
fibrillation (AF), we evaluated: 1) the risk of recurrent ischemic event
and severe bleeding; 2) the risk factors for recurrence and bleeding; 3)
the risk of recurrence and bleeding associated with anticoagulant therapy and its starting time after the acute stroke.
Methods: The primary outcome of this multicenter study was the composite of stroke, transient ischemic attack (TIA), symptomatic systemic embolism, symptomatic cerebral bleeding and major extracranial bleeding within 90 days from acute stroke.
Results: Of the 1029 patients enrolled, 123 had 128 events (12.6%): 77
(7.6%) ischemic stroke or TIA or systemic embolism, 37 (3.6%) symptomatic cerebral bleeding and 14 (1.4%) major extra-cranial bleeding.
High CHA2DS2-VASc score, high NIHSS, large ischemic lesion and
type of anticoagulant were predictive factors for primary study outcome. Patients treated with oral anticoagulants alone had a better
prognosis compared to those treated with low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) alone or followed by oral anticoagulants. At adjusted
Cox regression analysis, initiating anticoagulants 4 to 14 days from
stroke onset was associated with a significant reduction in primary
study outcome, compared to initiating treatment before 4 or after
14 days: Hazard Ratio 0.53 (95% CI 0.300.93).
Conclusion: Acute stroke in AF patients is associated with high rates
of ischemic recurrence and major bleeding at 90 days. Anticoagulant
treatment administered between 4 and 14 days from the acute event
was associated with improved functional outcome.
AS228
Magnesium transporter MagT1 plays a critical role in
thrombo-inflammatory diseases and hemostasis in
mice
gtle T1, Kraft P2, Stritt S1, Stoll G2,
Gotru SK1, Wolf K1, Vo
1
Nieswandt B and Braun A1
1
Department of Experimental Biomedicine - Vascular Medicine;
2
rzburg, Wu
rzburg,
Department of Neurology, University of Wu
Germany
Background: Altered Mg2+ homeostasis has been described in many
cardiovascular diseases, especially in patients with coronary heart disease, arrhythmias and stroke. Elevated Mg2+ concentrations in the
blood or inside of the cells inhibit aggregation responses and thrombus
formation in vivo. Although Mg2+ influx has been described in platelets, the molecular composition of the Mg2+ transport system in general remains elusive. Genetic ablation of magnesium transporter 1
(MagT1) has been shown to reduce the cytoplasmic Mg2+ concentration in in lymphocytes and results in X-MEN syndrome in males.
Aims: We aim to elucidate the role of MagT1 in thrombo-inflammatory diseases.
Methods: MagT1 knockout mice (Magt1/) were analyzed using a
wide range of in vitro and in vivo assays.
Results: Deletion of MagT1 function in platelets resulted in decreased
levels of free Mg2+ in the cytoplasm. Upon platelet activation,
enhanced ATP release, increased Ca2+ responses, and slightly elevated
integrin activation and degranulation were observed in Magt1y/ plate 2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997
81
lets. Consequently, Magt1y/ mice displayed faster thrombotic occlusion of FeCl3injured carotid and mesenteric arteries. Additionally,
reduced bleeding times and enhanced clot retraction were observed in
the blood of Magt1y/ mice. In the tMCAO model of ischemic stroke,
Magt1y/ mice displayed increased cerebral infarct volumes 24 h after
induction of a 30 min ischemia. Using bone marrow chimeric mice, we
demonstrated that blood cells, including platelets are responsible for the
increased susceptibility of t Magt1y/ mice to focal cerebral ischemia.
Conclusion: These results indicate that altered Mg2+ transport through
MagT1 in males may be a risk factor for thrombo-inflammatory diseases such as stroke.
Atherosclerosis, inflammation and

cancer
AS229
Receptors for plasminogen activators: role in
inflammation, atherosclerosis, and cancer
Gonias SL
Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La
Jolla, USA
Tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) are the principal mammalian activators of the
fibrinolysis system. By activating plasminogen or by directly cleaving
alternate substrates, tPA and uPA have been implicated in the
response to injury and tissue remodeling. In addition to fibrin and
fibrinogen, targets for plasmin and the plasminogen activators include
extracellular matrix proteins, membrane-anchored proteins, and
growth factors. tPA and uPA are both multidomain gene products.
Binding sites have been identified in the structure of uPA and tPA for
receptors with cell-signaling activity. These binding sites are distinct
from the serine protease domains. Major receptors for the plasminogen activators include but are not limited to the uPA receptor, uPAR,
and the tPA receptors, Annexin A2 and LDL Receptor-related Protein-1 (LRP1). This presentation focuses on uPAR and LRP1. Because
each of these receptors responds to proteases that are active at the cell
surface and in surrounding tissues, LRP1 and uPAR may serve as
radar systems for the cell, facilitating responses to changes in the cellular microenvironment. Robust cell-signaling responses are generated
downstream of uPAR and LRP1. These responses control cell survival, cell migration, gene expression, differentiation, and in cancer,
stem cell-like properties. Emerging questions regarding the function of
uPAR include its role in the development of resistance to targeted anticancer drugs. LRP1, which is expressed by numerous cell types including macrophages, may play a major role controlling innate immunity.
Understanding the potential to target plasminogen activator receptors
for drug discovery is an exciting question.
AS230
CM-352, a new matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor, is a
potent and safe antifibrinolytic agent for the
prevention and treatment of hemorrhage
Orbe J1, Rodriguez JA1, Sanchez JA2, Salicio A1, Belzunce M1,
Ugarte A2, Chang HC3, Rabal O2, Oyarzabal J2 and Paramo JA1,4
1
Atherothrombosis Laboratory; 2Small Molecule Discovery
Platform; 3Experimental Hepatology, CIMA; 4Hematology
Service, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
Background: New therapeutic strategies are required for the prevention
of hemorrhaging and blood transfusions, associated with increased
82
ABSTRACTS
morbidity and mortality in different clinical settings, such as surgery,

trauma and brain haemorrhage. Tissue damage and hyperfibrinolysis
constitute important contributors to major bleeding events. It has been
challenging to discover potent and safe agents that improve upon currently available antifibrinolytics (e.g., tranexamic acid/TXA). Matrix
metalloproteinases (MMP) participate in thrombus dissolution
through direct fibrin targeting or by enhancing tissue plasminogen
activator-induced fibrinolysis.
Aims: MMPs inhibition might constitute a new, effective and safe therapeutic strategy for the prevention of bleeding. Therefore, we designed
and synthesized a novel series of optimized inhibitors.
Methods: Following initial biochemical profiling (MMPs activity), prioritized molecules underwent a phenotypic screening process consisting of functional thromboelastometry assays (ROTEM) in vitro and
bleeding tests in vivo (tail bleeding and hepatectomy) in mice.
Results: We have identified a lead compound, CM-352 as an effective
and safe small molecule with antihemorrhagic properties. CM-352
(1.4 h half life), inhibits fibrinolysis in human whole blood functional
assays and is significantly more effective than TXA in the tail-bleeding
model (P < 0.001). Moreover, CM-352 reduces blood loss during liver
hepatectomy (25% reduction, P < 0.05), while TXA and aprotinin
had no effect. CM-352 displays optimal pharmacokinetic and safety
profiles with no evidence of thrombosis or hemostatic impairment.
Conclusion: We provide evidence that fibrinolysis can be inhibited by
targeting MMP and this novel mechanism of action defines a new class
of antihemorrhagic agents. Furthermore, CM-352 represents a promising clinical candidate for the acute treatment of bleeding
AS231
Inhibition of complement C3 and fibrinogen
interaction: a potential novel therapeutic target to
reduce fibrin-related thrombosis risk
King R1, Tiede C2, Simmons K3, Fishwick C3, Schuett K4,
Kearney K1, Tomlinson D2 and Ajjan R1
1
Leeds Institue for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine;
2
Bioscreening Technology Group; 3School of Chemistry,
Univeristy of Leeds, Leeds, UK; 4Internal Medicine, University
Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
Background: Impaired fibrin clot lysis is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Complement C3 incorporation into fibrin networks
compromises fibrinolysis and therefore modulation of C3-fibrinogen
interactions may have therapeutic implications.
Aims: Develop new strategies to improve the fibrinolytic process by
interfering with fibrinogen-C3 binding.
Methods: To modulate C3 interaction with fibrinogen, we used a novel
technique by screening fibrinogen with a phage display library of
30 billion random, conformational constrained 9 amino-acid (AA)
loops in a scaffold protein termed Adhiron. The effect of high affinity
fibrinogen binding Adhirons, released by the addition of excess C3, on
fibrin clot lysis was assessed in turbidimetric assays. Fibrinogen-C3
interactions were further studied by peptide microarray techniques
and molecular modelling.
Results: Following multiple rounds of panning, 48 high affinity fibrinogen binding Adhirons, released by C3, were sequenced, revealing 10
different Adhirons, one of which had sequence homology with C3
(Adhiron A6). In a purified system and in the absence of C3, Adhiron
A6 failed to modulate fibrin clot lysis time (mean SEM time to 50%
clot lysis was 644 13 and 620 14 s, without and with A6, respectively; P > 0.1). However, A6 abolished C3-induced prolongation of
clot lysis, reducing lysis time from 728 25 to 632 24 s (P = 0.01).
The peptide microarray screening of C3 identified two peptide motifs
within the b-chain of fibrinogen (residues 424433 and 435445 AA)
that bound to C3. Molecular modelling, using PepSite2, predicted adhiron A6 binding to similar areas on the b-chain of fibrinogen.
Conclusion: Using a novel phage display system, we isolated one Adhiron that shared sequence homology with C3 and abolished C3induced prolongation of fibrin clot lysis, possibly through interference
with C3 interaction with the b chain of fibrinogen. This technique
offers the potential to identify new therapeutic targets to improve fibrinolytic efficiency and reduce vascular risk.
AS232
Modulation of recombinant antigenic constructs
containing multi-epitopes towards effective reduction
of atherosclerotic lesion in B6;129S-LDLR(tm1Her)
Apob(tm2Sgy)/J mice
Xia M1, Endresz V2, Chen D3, Lantos I2, Szabo A4, Mundkur L5,
Kakkar V1 and Lu X1
1
Medical Microbiology and Immunobiology, University of Szeged,
Szeged, Hungary; 3Kings College London, London, UK; 4Institute
of Surgical Research, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary;
5
Thrombosis Research Institute, Bangalore, India
Background: Atherosclerosis is increasingly recognized as a complex
chronic inflammatory disease. Many more studies have extended vaccination against atherosclerosis by using epitopes from self-antigens or
beyond and demonstrated that vaccination with antigens or derivatives could reduce the extent of the lesions in atherosclerosis-prone
mice.
Aims: To investigate whether AHHC (Apolipoprotein B 100688707 +
human heat shock protein [hHSP] 60303312 + hHSP60153163 + Chlamydia pneumoniae protein derived peptide [C]) can be modulated
towards increased lesion reduction in mice by creating other two derivatives with a sequential epitope-substitution named RHHC in which A
131
was replaced by an R (complement component 5a receptor ) and
303312
) conversion into P (proteaseRPHC with a further H (hHSP60
activated receptor-14255) in mice.
Methods: Antigenic epitopes were incorporated into a dendroaspin
scaffold. Immunization of B6;129S-Ldlrtm1HerApobtm2Sgy/J mice with
three constructs. Two weeks after the first immunization, mice were
placed on a high-fat diet for 10 weeks.
Results: Immunization of B6;129S-Ldlrtm1HerApobtm2Sgy/J mice with
three constructs elicited production of high levels of antibodies against
each epitope (apart from hHSP60153163 and P which induced a low
antibody response). Histological analyses demonstrated that the mice
immunized with either RPHC or RHHC showed significant reductions
in the size of atherosclerostic lesions compared to those with AHHC
(69.5 1.1% vs. 55.7 3.4%, P < 0.01 or 65.6 1.3% vs.
55.7 3.4%, P < 0.01). Reduction of plaque size in the aortic sinus
and descending aorta correlated with alterations in cellular immune
responses when compared with controls.
Conclusion: We conclude that all recombinant constructs are highly
antigenic, among them RPHC may provide new antigenic and structural features which are favorable for significant reduction in atherosclerotic lesion formation. This approach offers a novel strategy for
developing anti-atherosclerotic agents.
ABSTRACTS
LATE BREAKING ABSTRACT

SESSION
Thrombosis and Anticoagulation
LB001
Screening for occult malignancy in patient with
unprovoked venous thromboembolism: an open
randomized controlled trial using a comprehensive
abdomen/pelvis computed tomography (some trial)
Carrier M1, Lazo-Langner A2, Shivakumar S3, Tagalakis V4,
Zarychanski R5, Solymoss S4, Routhier N6, Douketis J7,
Danovitch K1, Lee AY8, Gal GL1, Wells PS1, Ramsay T1, Coyle D1,
Chagnon I6, Kassam Z9, Taves D9, Rodger MA1, Tao H10 and On
behalf of SOME investigators
1
Medicine, Univ of Ottawa, Ottawa; 2Medicine, University of
Western Ontario, London; 3Medicine, Dalhousie University,
Halifax; 4Medicine, McGill University, Montreal; 5Medicine,
University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg; 6Medicine, Universite de
Montreal, Montreal; 7Medicine, MacMaster University,
Hamilton; 8Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver;
9
Diagnostic imaging, University of Western Ontario, London;
10
Diagnostic imaging, Univ of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) may be the earliest sign
of cancer. There is presently no standard of care and great diversity in
practices regarding occult malignancy screening after unprovoked
VTE.
Aims: We sought to assess the efficacy of an occult malignancy screening strategy using a comprehensive abdomen/pelvis computed tomography (cCT) in patients with a first unprovoked VTE.
Methods: Multicenter open-label randomized controlled trial in 9
Canadian sites (NCT00773448). Patients were randomized to undergo
limited occult cancer screening (basic blood work, chest X-ray and
breast/cervical/prostate cancer screening) only, or limited occult cancer screening in combination with a cCT. The cCT includes: 1) a virtual colonoscopy and gastroscopy: 2) a biphasic enhanced CT; 3)
parenchymal pancreatogram; and 4) a uniphasic enhanced CT of distended bladder. Patients were followed for 12 months. The primary
outcome measure is previously undiagnosed malignancy missed by the
screening strategy and defined as biopsy-proven malignancy confirmed
between the time of malignancy screening completion and the end of
the follow-up period.
Results: Of the 862 randomized patients, 67% were males and the
mean age was 54 years old. Patients presented with symptomatic deep
vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism or both in 55%, 32%, and
13%, respectively. Forty eight percent of patients had a prior smoking
history (15% current smoker). Ninety two percent of patients randomized to the cCT arm underwent the procedure. To date, the 1-year incidence of malignancy is 4.3%, with 122 patients continuing follow-up.
Conclusion: The SOME trial is the largest randomized controlled trial
assessing the efficacy of extensive occult malignancy screening in
patients with unprovoked VTE. The final follow-up of the last
included patient is scheduled for April 15th 2015. Final analyses will be
submitted to the Congress Office of the ISTH prior to May 19th 2015.
83
LB002
Bridging anticoagulation in patients who require
temporary interruption of warfarin therapy for an
elective invasive procedure or surgery (the bridge trial)
Douketis J1, Spyropoulos A2, Kaatz S3, Caprini J4, Dunn A5,
Garcia D6, Jacobson A7, Jaffer A8, Kindzelski A9, Schulman S10,
Turpie AG11, Becker R12, Clark NP13, Conti B14, Ellsworth S15,
Harrison RW16, Kong D16, Johnson G17, Krishnamoorthy A16,
Palmeri S18, Parker W16, Saucedo J19, Schoch P20, Tallman D21,
Witt D22, Hasselblad V16, Ortel TL2,3 and On behalf of for the
BRIDGE Study Investigators
1
St Josephs Healthcare and McMaster University, Hamilton,
Canada; 2North Shore-LIJ Health System at Lenox Hill Hospital,
Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine, New York City;
3
Hurley Medical Center, Flint; 4North Shore University Health
System; 5Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York City;
6
University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle; 7VA Loma
Linda Healthcare System, Loma Linda; 8Rush University Medical
Center, Chicago; 9NHLBI, Bethesda, USA; 10Hamilton Health
Science Center; 11University of McMaster, Hamilton, Canada;
12
University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati;
13
Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Lafayette; 14Owen Sound Family
Health Team, Owen Sound; 15Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit;
16
Duke University, Durham; 17University of Minnesota,
Minneapolis; 18Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New
Brunswick; 19NorthShore University HealthSystem, New York
City; 20U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC;
21
Albuquerque, NM, Albuquerque; 22University of Utah, Salt
Lake City; 23Duke Univ Med Ctr, DURHAM, USA
Background: The management of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF)
on warfarin who need treatment interruption for surgery/procedure is
a common clinical problem. Bridging with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) has been used to minimize the time that patients are not
anticoagulated to mitigate the risk for arterial thromboembolism
(ATE). The efficacy of bridging has not been validated, and bridging
may increase bleeding.
Aims: We aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of bridging anticoagulation.
Methods: BRIDGE is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled
trial comparing bridging vs. no bridging in adults with non-valvular/
valvular AF or atrial flutter who required warfarin interruption for
elective surgery/procedure. Patients with a mechanical heart valve or
creatinine clearance < 30 mL min1 were excluded. After stopping
warfarin 5 days pre-procedure, patients received dalteparin,
100 IU kg1, or matching placebo, both subcutaneous twice daily, for
3 days pre- and 59 days post-procedure. Dalteparin/placebo was
resumed 1224 h after minor and 4872 h after major surgery/procedure. Warfarin was resumed 24 h post-procedure. Follow-up was
for 30 7 days post-procedure. Primary outcomes were ATE and
major bleeding; secondary outcomes were minor bleeding, death, myocardial infarction, and venous thromboembolism.
Results: We enrolled 1884 patients: median age was 72.7 (IQR 65.8
78.2) years; 73.4% were male; median CHADS2 score = 2.0 (IQR 2.0
3.0); and 336 (17.7%) had prior stroke or transient ischemic attack.
Protocol adherence occurred in pre- and post-procedure periods in
1432 (81.0%) and 1669 (94.5%) patients, respectively. We lost 5
(0.3%) patients to follow-up. Trial enrollment ended in Dec. 2014,
with results to be presented at the Congress.
Conclusion: BRIDGE is the first randomized trial comparing the efficacy and safety of LMWH bridging vs. no bridging in patients with
AF who require warfarin interruption for an elective surgery/procedure.
Disclosure of Interest: J. Douketis: None declared, A. Spyropoulos:
None declared, S. Kaatz Consultant for: Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol
Myers Squibb/Pfizer, Janssen/Johnson and Johnson, Daiichi Sankyo,
84
ABSTRACTS
Speaker Bureau of: Janssen, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Bristol Myers

Squibb/Pfizer, CSL Behring, J. Caprini Paid Instructor at: Sanofi
Poland, Speaker Bureau of: Janssen R & D, Pfizer, BMS, A. Dunn:
None declared, D. Garcia Consultant for: Daiichi Sankyo, BMS, Pfizer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Portola, Genzyme, A. Jacobson Grant/
Research Support from: Eisai Co., Ltd, Pfizer, Inc., A. Jaffer Consultant for: Boehringer-Ingelheim, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Pfizer, BMS,
Medtronic, Daiichi Sankyo, Astra Zeneca, Employee of: Rush University Medical Center, A. Kindzelski Employee of: Employee of U.S.
Federal Government, S. Schulman: None declared, A. Turpie: None
declared, R. Becker Speaker Bureau of: Portola, Daiichi-Sankyo, Boehringer -Ingelheim, Janssen, N. Clark: None declared, B. Conti: None
declared, S. Ellsworth: None declared, R. Harrison: None declared, D.
Kong Grant/Research Support from: International Business
Machines, Cardiovascular Systems, Inc; OrbusNeich Medical, Consultant for: Allmed Healthcare, American College of Cardiology Foundation, Speaker Bureau of: The Medicines Company, G. Johnson: None
declared, A. Krishnamoorthy Grant/Research Support from: Novartis, Medtronic, S. Palmeri: None declared, W. Parker: None declared,
J. Saucedo: None declared, P. Schoch: None declared, D. Tallman:
None declared, D. Witt: None declared, V. Hasselblad: None declared,
T. Ortel Grant/Research Support from: Eisai Co., Ltd; Pfizer, Inc.
LB003
Raps (rivaroxaban in antiphospholipid syndrome): a
prospective randomised controlled phase II/III clinical
trial of rivaroxaban vs. warfarin in patients with
thrombotic antiphospholipid syndrome, with or
without SLE
Cohen H1,2, Hunt B3,4, Efythymiou M2, Arachchillage D2,
Ruiz M5,6, Clawson S7, Muirhead N7, Sylvestre Y7, Machin S2,
Bertolaccini ML5,6, Dore C7, Mackie I2, Isenberg D8,9,
Khamashta M5,6 and On behalf of the RAPS Trial Collaborators
1
Haematology, University College London Hospitals NHS
Foundation Trust; 2Haematology, University College London;
3
Haematology, Guys and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust;
4
Haematology; 5Rheumatology, Kings College London;
6
Rheumatology, Guys and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust;
7
Comprehensive Clinical Trials Unit; 8Rheumatology, University
College London; 9Rheumatology, University College London
Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
Background: Rivaroxaban has been shown to be effective and safe
compared with warfarin for the treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in major phase III prospective randomised controlled trials
(RCT), but the results may not be directly generalisable to patients
with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS).
Aims: The primary aim of RAPS (http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN68222801) is to demonstrate, in patients with APS and previous
VTE, that the intensity of anticoagulation achieved with rivaroxaban
is not inferior to that of warfarin. Secondary aims are to compare rates
of recurrent thrombosis and bleeding, and the quality of life in patients
on rivaroxaban with those on warfarin.
Methods: RAPS is a phase II/III prospective, non-inferiority RCT in
which eligible patients with APS, who are on warfarin, target International Normalised Ratio (INR) 2.5 for previous VTE, are randomised
either to continue warfarin (standard of care) or to switch to rivaroxaban 20 mg daily. Intensity of anticoagulation is assessed using thrombin generation (TG), with the endogenous thrombin potential (ETP)
as the key parameter. The primary outcome is the percentage change
in ETP from randomisation to day 42. Markers of in vivo coagulation
activation, prothrombin fragment 1.2, thrombin-antithrombin complex and D-dimer, will also be measured.
Results: Results will be submitted as soon as available, and presented

at the meeting.
Conclusion: If RAPS demonstrates that i) that the anticoagulant effect
of rivaroxaban is not inferior to that of warfarin using the TGT; and
ii) the absence of any adverse effects that cause concern with regard to
the use of rivaroxaban, this would provide sufficient supporting information to make rivaroxaban a standard of care for the treatment of
APS patients with previous VTE, requiring a target INR of 2.5.
Funding: Arthritis Research UK (grant 19708); Supporting funding:
University College London Comprehensive Clinical Trials Unit; Bayer
plc; LUPUS UK
Disclosure of Interest: H. Cohen Grant/Research Support from: Bayer,
Speaker Bureau of: Bayer, B. Hunt: None declared, M. Efythymiou:
None declared, D. Arachchillage: None declared, M. Ruiz: None
declared, S. Clawson: None declared, N. Muirhead: None declared, Y.
Sylvestre: None declared, S. Machin: None declared, M. Bertolaccini:
None declared, C. Dore: None declared, I. Mackie: None declared, D.
Isenberg: None declared, M. Khamashta: None declared.
LB004
ANNEXATM-A PART 2: A phase 3 randomized, doubleblind, placebo-controlled trial demonstrating sustained
reversal of apixaban-induced anticoagulation in older
subjects by andexanet ALFA (PRT064445), a universal
antidote for factor XA (FXA) inhibitors
Crowther M1, Gold A2, Lu G2, Leeds JM2, Wiens BL2, Mathur V3,
Castillo J2, Conley PB2, Connolly S4 and Curnutte JT2
1
McMaster University and St Josephs Hospital, Hamilton,
Canada; 2Portola Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco;
3
MathurConsulting, Woodside, USA; 4McMaster University,
Hamilton, Canada
Background: Direct FXa inhibitors appear to have superior or comparable anticoagulant efficacy and safety relative to warfarin. However,
a specific antidote for these agents is lacking in case of major bleeding.
Andexanet alfa (AnXa) is a modified, recombinant human FXa molecule under clinical development as a specific antidote for FXa inhibitors. We have recently reported data for Part 1 of the Phase 3
registration study in older subjects anticoagulated with apixaban,
where an AnXa IV bolus rapidly and significantly reversed anti-FXa
activity and restored thrombin generation. Here we report data from
Part 2 of this study where AnXa was administered as a bolus plus an
infusion regimen in a similar study population.
Aims: To demonstrate immediate and sustained reversal of apixaban
anticoagulation following administration of AnXa.
Methods: ANNEXATM-A is a Phase 3, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of AnXa in older subjects treated with apixaban. Part 2
investigated a bolus of AnXa followed by a 2-hr continuous infusion.
In Part 2, 34 subjects age 50 to 75 were randomized to receive either
AnXa or placebo in a 3:1 ratio. All subjects received apixaban 5 mg
PO BID for 4 days to achieve steady state plasma levels. AnXa
(400 mg IV bolus followed by a 2-hr infusion at 4 mg min1) or placebo was administered on Day 4, 3 h after the last apixaban dose (~
apixaban Cmax). Safety data were collected through Day 43. The primary efficacy endpoint is the percent change from baseline in antiFXa activity at its nadir between 10 min prior to and 5 min after the
end of the continuous infusion. Additional efficacy endpoints included
reduction in plasma free fraction of apixaban and restoration of
Results: Part 2 of the study has been completed. Efficacy and safety
results will be presented and discussed.
Conclusion: This study continues our investigations of AnXa as an
antidote for reversing the anticoagulant effects of apixaban and other
FXa inhibitors.
ABSTRACTS
Disclosure of Interest: M. Crowther Grant/Research Support from: the
Heart and Stroke Foundation of Ontario, Leo Pharma, Consultant
for: Janssen, Leo Pharma, Portola, AKP America, Speaker Bureau of:
Leo Pharma, Bayer, Celgene, Shire and CSL Behring, A. Gold
Employee of: Portola Pharmaceuticals, Inc., G. Lu Employee of: Portola Pharmaceuticals, Inc., J. Leeds Employee of: Portola Pharmaceuticals, Inc., B. Wiens Employee of: Portola Pharmaceuticals, Inc., V.
Mathur Consultant for: Portola Pharmaceuticals, Inc., J. Castillo
Employee of: Portola Pharmaceuticals, Inc., P. Conley Employee of:
Portola Pharmaceuticals, Inc., S. Connolly Consultant for: Portola
Pharmaceuticals, Inc., J. Curnutte Shareholder of: 3-V Biosciences,
Consultant for: Sea Lane Biotechnologies, Employee of: Portola Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
LB005
Initial results of the re-verse AD trial: idarucizumab
reverses the anticoagulant effects of dabigatran in
patients in an emergency setting of major bleeding,
urgent surgery, or interventions
Pollack C1, Reilly PA2, Verhamme P3, Bernstein R4, Dubiel R2,
Eikelboom J5, Huisman MV6, Hylek E7, Kam C-W8,
Kamphuisen PW9, Kreuzer J10, Levy JH11, Sellke F12, Steiner T13,
Wang B2 and Weitz J5
1
Emergency Medicine, Pennsylvania Hospital, Philadelphia, PA;
2
Boehringer-Ingelheim, Ridgefield, CT, USA; 3University of
Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; 4Northwestern University, Chicago, IL,
USA; 5McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; 6LUMC,
Leiden, Netherlands; 7Boston University School of Medicine,
Boston, MA, USA; 8Tuen Mun Hospital, NT, Hong Kong, Hong
Kong; 9UMCG, Groningen, Netherlands; 10Boehringer-Ingelheim,
Ingelheim, Germany; 11Duke University, Durham, NC;
12
Lifespan, Providence, RI, USA; 13University of Heidelberg,
Heidelberg, Germany
Background: Dabigatran, an oral thrombin inhibitor, is widely used
for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation. Idarucizumab, a humanized
Fab fragment directed against dabigatran, demonstrated immediate,
complete and sustained reversal of the anticoagulant effect of dabigatran, without promoting thrombin generation, in human volunteers.
Aims: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of idarucizumab to rapidly
reverse the anticoagulation effects of dabigatran in critical clinical situations.
Methods: RE-VERSE AD is an ongoing multinational, open-label,
single cohort study with a target size of 250300 patients. It is designed
to study the reversal of dabigatrans anticoagulant effect by 5 g idarucizumab given as two 2.5 g IV bolus infusions, in patients who experience life-threatening or uncontrolled bleeding (Group A) or who
require emergency surgery or procedure (Group B). The primary endpoint is the maximum reversal of the anticoagulant effect of dabigatran, based on central laboratory determination of the dilute thrombin
time or ecarin clot time. Drug levels and other measures of dabigatran
activity are also performed. Clinical outcomes, including cessation of
bleeding, thrombotic events, and other safety measures, are assessed.
Results: Over 50 patients have been enrolled to date; about half in each
group. A pre-specified interim analysis has been performed as part of
the regulatory approval process. In the first 26 patients, idarucizumab
restored and sustained clotting times in the normal range in over 90%
of patients. Updated results will be reported.
Conclusion: Idarucizumab is a promising specific reversal agent for dabigatran that rapidly and safely reverses its anticoagulant effects in the
most emergency situations.
Disclosure of Interest: C. Pollack Consultant for: Boehringer-Ingelheim, Janssen, BMS/Pfizer, Daiichi-Sankyo, P. Reilly Employee of:
Boehringer-Ingelheim, P. Verhamme Grant/Research Support from:
85
Boehringer-Ingelheim, Consultant for: Boehringer-Ingelheim, R.

Bernstein Grant/Research Support from: Boehringer-Ingelheim, Medtronic, Consultant for: Boehringer-Ingelheim, Medtronic, Speaker
Bureau of: Boehringer-Ingelheim, Pfizer/BMS, Medtronic, R. Dubiel
Employee of: Boehringer-Ingelheim, J. Eikelboom Consultant for: Bayer, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Janssen, BMS/Pfizer, Daiichi-Sankyo, M.
Huisman Consultant for: Boehringer-Ingelheim, E. Hylek Consultant
for: Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Daiichi Sankyo, Janssen, Medtronic, Pfizer, Roche, C.-W. Kam: None Declared,
P. Kamphuisen Consultant for: Boehringer-Ingelheim, Daiichi-Sankyo, LeoPharma, J. Kreuzer Employee of: Boehringer-Ingelheim, J.
Levy Consultant for: Jansen, Portola, Roche, The Medicines Company, F. Sellke Consultant for: Boehringer-Ingelheim, T. Steiner Consultant for: Boehringer-Ingelheim, Speaker Bureau of: BoehringerIngelheim, B. Wang Employee of: Boehringer-Ingelheim, J. Weitz
Consultant for: Boehringer-Ingelheim.
Bleeding disorders, TTP

LB006
Additional data from the titan trial with the anti-VWF
nanobody caplacizumab in the treatment of acquired
TTP
bl P3, Kremer Hovinga JA4, Wu H5,
Peyvandi F1, Scully M2, Kno
6
Cataland S and Tersago D7
1
Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center,
Fondazione IRCCS Maggiore Hospital Foundation, University of
Milan, Milan, Italy; 2Department of Haematology, University
College London Hospital, London, UK; 3Division of Hematology
and Hemostasis, Department of Medicine, Medical University of
Vienna, Vienna, Austria; 4University Clinic of Hematology &
Central Hematology Laboratory, Inselspital, Bern University
Hospital and the University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland;
5
Department of Pathology; 6Department of Internal Medicine,
Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; 7Clinical
Development, Ablynx NV, Zwijnaarde, Belgium
Background: Caplacizumab (CAP) is an anti von Willebrand Factor
(vWF) Nanobody that is in development for the treatment of acquired
thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). CAP binds to the A1
domain of vWF preventing vWF-mediated platelet aggregation characteristic of TTP. The efficacy and safety of CAP in conjunction with
standard of care (plasma exchange (PE) and immunosuppressants)
was evaluated in the TITAN study in acquired TTP.
Aims: Primary endpoint: time to confirmed platelet response (platelets
150,000 lL, confirmed after 48 h).
Methods: Treatment in TITAN consisted of one intravenous bolus
injection of CAP or placebo (PLC) prior to first on-study PE, followed
by daily subcutaneous administrations of 10 mg CAP or PLC after
each PE session and for 30 days following the last PE.
Results: The intent-to-treat population consisted of 36 CAP and 39
PLC subjects. The median time to platelet response for the non-stratified population was significantly faster in the CAP (2.97 days) vs PLC
group (4.79 days). The overall hazard ratio was 2.2. The relevance of
achieving the primary endpoint with CAP in terms of more rapid curtailment of tissue ischemia is currently being analysed (analysis of
organ damage marker normalisation, e.g. LDH, troponin, . . .),
together with other additional analysis on PE outcome (e.g. number of
consecutive days PE and plasma volumes) and 1-month follow-up
data.
Conclusion: These additional results will be submitted as soon as available, and will be presented at the meeting.
Disclosure of Interest: F. Peyvandi Grant/Research Support from: Ablynx NV - Investigator fees, M. Scully Grant/Research Support from:
86
ABSTRACTS
Ablynx NV - Investigator fees, P. Kn

obl Grant/Research Support
from: Ablynx NV - Investigator fees, J. A. Kremer Hovinga Grant/
Research Support from: Ablynx NV - Investigator fees, H. Wu Grant/
Research Support from: Ablynx NV - Investigator fees, S. Cataland
Consultant for: Ablynx NV, D. Tersago Employee of: Ablynx NV
LB007
Timing of plasma transfusion and maternal mortality
and severe maternal morbidity in women with
persistent postpartum haemorrhage: the Tempoh-1
study
Henriquez DD1,2,3, Bloemenkamp KW1, le Cessie S4,5, Zwart J6,
van Roosmalen J1,7, Eikenboom J8, So-Osman C9, van de
Watering L2,3,Zwaginga JJ2,3,10, van der Bom JG2,3,5 and On
behalf of the TeMpOH-1 study group
1
Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Leiden University
Medical Center; 2Center for Clinical Transfusion Research,
Sanquin Research; 3Jon J van Rood Center for Clinical
Transfusion Science; 4Department of Medical Statistics & Bioinformatics; 5Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden
University Medical Center, Leiden; 6Department of Obstetrics &
Gynaecology, Deventer Ziekenhuis, Deventer; 7Department of
Medical Humanities, EMGO Institute for Health and Care
Research, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam;
8
Department of Thrombosis & Haemostasis, Leiden University
Medical Center; 9Department of Transfusion Medicine, Sanquin
Blood Bank; 10Department of Immunohematology and Blood
Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden,
Netherlands
Background: In the treatment of major bleeding, correction of coagulopathy by administering plasma is eventually inevitable. For women
with persistent postpartum haemorrhage (PPH), however, it is unclear
at which point in treatment is indicated plasma transfusion to prevent
adverse maternal outcomes.
Aims: To assess whether early plasma transfusion leads to a decrease
in maternal mortality and severe maternal morbidity in women with
persistent PPH, compared to plasma transfusion later on in treatment.
Methods: This cohort study comprised women from 62 Dutch hospitals that, in 2011 and 2012, received either 4 units of red blood cells
or a multicomponent transfusion within 24 h following delivery due to
PPH ( 1000 mL). For this analysis, we selected women with persistent PPH, defined as PPH refractory to first-line uterotonic or surgical
therapy. Depending on cause of bleeding, baseline was defined as time
of first-line therapy or time of delivery. Primary endpoint was a composite of maternal mortality, arterial embolisation, hysterectomy and
intensive care unit admission. To account for both time-fixed and
time-dependent prognostic factors (i.e. rate of blood loss), we will construct marginal structural models with inverse probability of treatment
weighting to quantify the difference in maternal outcomes between an
early and a late start of plasma transfusion in women with persistent
PPH.
Results: Detailed information has been collected on the course of bleeding and timing of interventions in 1192 women with persistent PPH:
median bleeding rate at baseline was 1.1 L h1 (interquartile range 0.6
2.2), median total blood loss was 3.0 L (IQR 24.5) and primary endpoints were seen in 33.4% of the study population. With the ongoing
statistical modelling, we will answer our research question without the
survival bias previously encountered by other authors, whilst dealing
with time-dependent confounding according to the latest methodological insights. Results will be submitted as soon as available.
Conclusion: NA.
LB008
RVIII-Singlechain, results of the pivotal phase I/III PK,
efficacy and safety clinical trial in adults and
adolescents with severe hemophilia A
Mahlangu J1, Kuliczkowski K2, Stasyshyn O3, Skotricki A4,
Kasinova M5, Kennedy DB6, France N6, St.Ledger KSt6,
Pabinger I7 and On behalf of for the AFFINITY Study Group
1
Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital,
Johannesburg, South Africa; 2Samodzielny Publiczny Szpital
Kliniczny, Wroclaw, Poland; 3Institute of Blood Pathology and
Transfusion Medicine of National Academy of Medical Sciences
of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine; 4Krakowskie Centrum Medyczne,
Gdansk, Poland; 5Regional Clinical Hospital, Kemerovo, Russia;
6
CSL Behring, King of Prussia, USA; 7Universitaetsklinik fuer
Innere Medizin I, Vienna, Austria
Background: rVIII-SingleChain is a novel B-domain truncated recombinant Factor VIII (rFVIII), with a covalent bond between the FVIII
heavy and light chains. rVIII-SingleChain has a higher binding affinity
to von Willebrand Factor (vWF), a lower clearance, longer half-life,
higher mean residence time and larger area under the curve compared
to rFVIII (octocog alfa).
Aims: This Phase I/ III study investigated the PK, safety and efficacy
of rVIII-SingleChain in patients with severe Hemophilia A in the treatment and prevention of bleeding episodes.
Methods: The study was approved by the relevant Ethics committee
and national authorities and conducted according to ICH-GCP and
the Declaration of Helsinki. 175 patients with severe Hemophilia A
were enrolled, 173 entered the treatment period. Patients underwent
on-demand or prophylaxis treatment with dosing guided by the WFH
recommendations.
Results: Final results will be presented in the late breaking clinical trial
submission in May. Preliminary: The study accumulated more than
14293 exposure days in 146 patients on prophylaxis and 27 patients
that have been treated on demand. 120 patients were treated for more
than 50 and 54 for more than 100 exposure days. Of the 830 bleeds
that have been treated and evaluated by the investigator, the efficacy
of rVIII-SingleChain was rated excellent or good in 94%. Of the
patients receiving prophylaxis therapy, 6% were dosed every other
day, 54% were dosed 3 9 week, 32% were dosed 2 9 week and 8%
followed other dosing regimens. The median ABR in the prophylaxis
group was 1.66. No inhibitor development was observed in the study.
Conclusion: rVIII-SingleChain is a novel rFVIII without glycopegylation or fusion to antibody fragments, showing superior pharmacokinetics compared to octocog alfa, excellent efficacy and a positive
safety profile in a large clinical study.
Disclosure of Interest: J. Mahlangu: None declared, K. Kuliczkowski:
None declared, O. Stasyshyn: None declared, A. Skotricki: None
declared, M. Kasinova: None declared, D. Bensen Kennedy Employee
of: CSL Behring, N. France Employee of: CSL Behring, K. St.Ledger
Employee of: CSL Behring, I. Pabinger: None declared.
ABSTRACTS
87
LB009
Safety, efficacy and pharmacokinetics of recombinant
factor IX FC fusion protein in children with
haemophilia B (KIDS B-LONG)
LB010
Update on a phase 1/2 open-label trial of BAX335, an
adeno-associated virus 8 (AAV8) vector-based gene
therapy program for hemophilia B
Fischer K1, Kulkarni R2, Nolan B3, Mahlangu J4, Rangarajan S5,
Gambino G6, Diao L6, Cristiano LM6, Pierce GF6 and Allen G6
1
Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University
Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands; 2Michigan State
University, Lansing, USA; 3Our Ladys Childrens Hospital,
Dublin, Ireland; 4University of the Witwatersrand Faculty of
Health Sciences, Johannesburg, South Africa; 5Basingstoke and
North Hampshire Hospital, Basingstoke, UK; 6Biogen Idec,
Cambridge, MA, USA
Monahan P1, Walsh CE2, Powell JS3, Konkle BA4, Josephson NC5,
Escobar M6, McPhee SJ7, Litchev B8, Cecerle M9,
Ewenstein BM10, Rottensteiner H11, Rosa MDl12, Reipert BM13,
Samulski RJ14, Orloff J15 and Scheiflinger F16
1
PEM Harold R. Roberts Comprehensive Hemophilia Treatment
Center, Gene Therapy Center, University of North Carolina,
Chapel Hill; 2CEW, Mt. Sinai Medical Center, New York; 3JSP
CSL Behring, University of California, Davis Comprehensive
Cancer Center, Sacramento; 4BAK; 5NCJ, Puget Sound Blood
Center, Seattle; 6ME, The Gulf States Hemophilia and
Thrombophilia, Houston; 7SWJM, Asklepios BioPharmaceutical,
Inc, Chapel Hill; 8BL, Baxter Healthcare Corporation, Westlake
Village, USA; 9MC, Baxter Innovations GmbH, Vienna, Austria;
10
BE, Baxter Healthcare Corporation, Westlake Village, USA;
11
HR; 12MD; 13BMR, Baxter Innovations GmbH, Vienna, Austria;
14
Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina,
Chapel Hill; 15Baxter Healthcare Corporation, Westlake Village,
USA; 16Baxter Innovations GmbH, Vienna, Austria
Background: Early prophylactic replacement of factor IX (FIX)

improves long-term clinical outcomes in children with haemophilia B.
Due to the relatively short half-lives of conventional FIX products,
intravenous injections up to 3 times/week are often necessary; children
may require more frequent dosing, as age has been shown to contribute to variability in factor clearance and half-life. The frequency of
administration can be a barrier to prophylaxis. In the B-LONG study
recombinant FIX Fc fusion protein (rFIXFc) had a prolonged half-life
(82.1 hr) compared with rFIX in adults and adolescents with haemophilia B, allowing for reduced infusion frequency.
Aims: Kids B-LONG was an international, multicenter, open-label
prospective phase 3 study that evaluated the safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetics (PK) of rFIXFc in previously treated patients aged
< 12 years with severe haemophilia B ( 2 IU dL1 endogenous FIX).
Methods: Inclusion criteria were 2 IU dL1 endogenous FIX, 50
prior exposure days (EDs) to FIX, and absence of a history of inhibitors to FIX. Planned enrolment was approximately 26 subjects (~13
aged < 6 years and ~13 aged 6 to < 12 years) dosed with rFIXFc, to
achieve a minimum of 10 subjects in each age cohort with at least 50
EDs and adequate data for sequential PK evaluations with pre-study
FIX (50 IU kg1), followed by rFIXFc (50 IU kg1). Prophylactic
treatment was started at a dose of 5060 IU kg1 rFIXFc weekly, with
dose and interval adjustments based upon PK data and bleeding frequency. The primary endpoint was development of inhibitors (neutralizing antibodies). Key secondary endpoints included PK, annualized
bleeding rate (ABR), and number of infusions required to control a
bleed.
Results: Safety, efficacy and PK results will be submitted when available as a late-breaking clinical trial.
Conclusion: The final analysis of the Kids B-LONG study will provide
further PK information and evaluate the safety and efficacy of rFIXFc
in children.
Disclosure of Interest: K. Fischer Grant/Research Support from: Bayer, Baxter, Wyeth/Pfizer, Novo Nordisk, Consultant for: Bayer, Baxter, Biogen Idec, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, Speaker Bureau of: Bayer,
Baxter, CSL Behring, Pfizer, Novo Nordisk, R. Kulkarni Grant/
Research Support from: Biogen Idec, Novo Nordisk, Octapharma,
Consultant for: Biogen Idec, Novo Nordisk, Baxter, Bayer, Pfizer,
Cangene, B. Nolan Grant/Research Support from: Biogen Idec, J.
Mahlangu Grant/Research Support from: Biogen Idec, Bayer, CSL
Behring, Novo Nordisk, Consultant for: Amgen, Bayer, Genentech,
Novo Nordisk, S. Rangarajan Grant/Research Support from: Pfizer,
Grifols, Baxter, Consultant for: Grifols, Biogen Idec, G. Gambino
Shareholder of: Biogen Idec, Employee of: Biogen Idec, L. Diao
Shareholder of: Biogen Idec, Employee of: Biogen Idec, L. Cristiano
Shareholder of: Biogen Idec, Employee of: Biogen Idec, G. Pierce
Shareholder of: Biogen Idec, G. Allen Shareholder of: Biogen Idec,
Employee of: Biogen Idec.
Background: Hemophilia B is a bleeding disorder due to a deficiency of

coagulation factor IX (FIX). About 40% of patients have < 1% of
normal plasma FIX levels, with recurrent bleeding episodes. Gene
therapy, by enabling persistent endogenous production of FIX, may
provide long-term benefit with a single administration. Non-integrating adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors have shown to induce stable
transgene expression with an excellent safety profile. Baxter Healthcare has developed a gene therapy product BAX335 (AAV8.sc-TTRFIXR338Lopt): a codon optimized hyperactive FIX transgene
(FIXR338Lopt), driven by the liver-specific transthyretin (TTR) promoter in an AAV8 capsid.
Aims: Evaluate plasma FIX activity and its relationship to vector dose;
determine dose to achieve stable plasma FIX activity between 10%
and 40% of normal; evaluate systemic immune responses to FIXR338Lopt and the AAV8 capsid.
Methods: Up to 16 male adults with severe hemophilia B are to be
given a single intravenous dose of BAX335 in up to 4 sequentially
ascending dose cohorts. Pharmacodynamic (eg. plasma FIX activity)
and safety data (eg. immune response, adverse events [AEs]) are to be
collected.
Results: We report data available from the first 6 subjects dosed with
BAX335: 2 at 2 9 1011 vg kg1 (Cohort 1), 3 at 1 9 1012 vg kg1
(Cohort 2), and 1 at 3 9 1012 vg kg1 (Cohort 3), with follow-up
ranging from 7 weeks to 2 years. None of the subjects developed FIX
inhibitors. A dose-dependent immune response with variable neutralizing antibody titers to the AAV8 capsid was observed 2 weeks post
gene transfer in all subjects. No product-related AEs were reported.
Therapeutic FIX levels of 3% were achieved in Cohort 1, sustained
levels of 0.5 to 20% were observed 6 months post dosing in Cohort 2,
and sustained levels above 25% were observed in Cohort 3.
Conclusion: BAX335 appears to be well-tolerated in the 6 subjects
dosed to date and hemostatically effective plasma FIX levels were
achieved in two dosing cohorts.
88
ABSTRACTS
NURSE AND ALLIED HEALTH

SESSION
Bleeding
NUR001
When 2N VWD should be considered a differential
diagnosis
Mcgregor C1 and Gamble-Williams N2
1
Haemophilia and Haemostasis Centre, Fiona Stanley Hospital;
2
Haemophilia Treatment Centre, Princess Margaret Hospital,
Perth, Australia
Background: Type 2N von Willebrands disease is a rare bleeding disorder, inherited recessively. It is often mistaken for mild haemophilia A
on basic laboratory investigations. However given the inheritance pattern is vastly different, it is a condition that should be considered when
a new case of mild haemophilia A presents.
Aims: This collection of case studies aims to highlight how type 2N
vWD can be overlooked with patients and their families diagnosed
with mild haemophilia A.
Methods: A review of pathology and genetic results together with
patient and family histories was undertaken on those with a diagnosis
of 2N vWD.
Results: The Haemophilia Centre of WA identified 4 families who had
had a diagnosis change and another where investigations were continuing. In some cases failure to respond to treatment as predicted
sparked a reassessment of the bleeding disorder. In others the laboratory results were not consistent with a definitive diagnosis of haemophilia and lead to binding assays being performed. In one case it was
the family bleeding history and inheritance pattern that was not in
keeping with a diagnosis of haemophilia, even though on first examination the laboratory results were indicative of haemophilia A and
was diagnosed as such. In some families the change in diagnosis is
made with 12 months however in the majority of these families the
re-diagnosis was years after the initial diagnosis, for some more than
35 years. In most of these families this change in diagnosis has affected
multiple generations of family members, leading to a re-examination
of possible affected family members and perhaps those that are unlikely to now be affected.
Conclusion: Type 2N vWD should be considered as an alternative
diagnosis and excluded when a new case of mild haemophilia A presents. It should also be considered when the family inheritance pattern
does not correlate with a diagnosis of haemophilia or when treatment
outcomes do not correlate with the predicted outcome of haemophilia
management.
NUR002
The DDAVP challenge an audit to assess practice in a
UK haemophilia centre
George DW1, Uprichard J2 and Wareing A3
1
St Georges University of London; 2The Centre for Haemostasis
and Thrombosis, St Georges University Hospitals NHS
Foundation Trust; 3The Centre for Haemostasis and Thrombosis,
St Georges University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London,
UK
Background: Administering and managing DDAVP (desmopressin)
therapy is an important duty for haemostasis nurses. The UKHCDO
has issued guidelines on DDAVP usage in patients with von Willebrand disease (VWD) and haemophilia A (HA). An audit was carried
out on adult patients at St Georges Haemophilia Centre (SGHC) who
had received DDAVP from 20112014. Standard DDAVP dosing at
SGHC is with a capped dose of 15 lg (1 ml) given subcutaneously.
Aims: 1. To assess efficacy of a capped dose (15 lg g) of DDAVP in
patients with VWD and HA in terms of laboratory and clinical parameters. 2. To obtain views on patient experience with DDAVP.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 25 patients who
received a capped dose of DDAVP for VWD or HA. Diagnosis, dose
given, pre and post administration levels, clinical efficacy and side
effects of DDAVP were analyzed. A postal questionnaire about
knowledge level, benefits and drawbacks of DDAVP was sent to 89
patients who had received DDAVP for any indication; the response
rate was 34%.
Results: 18 of 25 patients (72%) achieved FVIII:C and VW activity
levels > 50 iu dL1 after DDAVP. Regression analysis showed no correlation between weight and responsiveness; a T Test found a nonsignificant difference (P = 0.32) in weights between responders and
non-responders. The questionnaire indicated that patients were more
familiar with the benefits of DDAVP than the drawbacks; only 57%
of respondents knew about fluid restriction. The most commonly
reported side effects were flushing and/or headaches. 90% of respondents were satisfied with the care and advice they received in relation
to DDAVP.
Conclusion: At SGHC, capped dosing of DDAVP is a clinically effective treatment for the majority of patients with VWD and HA. Patient
experience with DDAVP is positive but further education is needed
about fluid restriction post administration.
NUR003
Closing the GAP: a multidisciplinary approach
developing local services for rural and remote patients
with bleeding disorders
Slade J and on behalf of Haemophilia Outreach Working Group
Haematology, Canberra Hospital and Health Service, Garran,
Australia
Background: Patients with bleeding disorders in rural and remote areas
face well-known challenges to timely and appropriate emergency management. We identified common scenarios in these areas resulting in
avoidable transfers to our tertiary centre and developed an innovative
program to close this gap in service.
Aims: Our aim was to create a local platform of care to support
patients living in rural and remote locations. It included providing
professional health care education and support, routine supply of clotting factor concentrate, community awareness to facilitate local treatment by enabling local care partnerships through enhanced lines of
interagency communication.
Methods: Four rural areas with a high demand for our services or a
large population of patients were identified as pilot sites. In consultation with key local stakeholders, we formed a multidisciplinary outreach team to develop and trial the program consisting of education
and community information sessions, onsite in-services for medical,
nursing and allied health care professionals with ongoing patient communication and program evaluation.
Results: One pilot site has reached the final stage. The local General
Practitioners facilitate acute care coordination. Education of the hospital staff has been successfully completed with new policies and procedures implemented. Since implementation of the program at this site
there have been five recorded bleeds requiring intervention, three of
which were successfully treated locally. Two required transfer for specialist intervention however received factor prior to transfer. The three
remaining locations are well on track and initial activities have
ABSTRACTS
commenced. Local supply of coagulation factor has commenced in all
sites.
Conclusion: Rural and remote treatment can be successful. Overall the
program not only benefits the patients and their families, but also provides local health care professionals with the required resources, leading to reduced hospital admissions and its associated cost of
treatment.
Disclosure of Interest: J. Slade Grant/Research Support from: Novo
Nordisk: Changing Possibilities in Haemophilia.
NUR004
Non-adherence to prophylaxis in haemophilia: extent
and underlying reason
Schrijvers M1, van der Zande MB2, Peters M2, Peters M2, Lock J3,
Cnossen M3, Schuurmans M4,5 and Fischer K1,6
1
Van Creveldkliniek, Umc Utrecht, Utrecht; 2Haemophilia
Treatment Centre, Emma Childrens Hospital - Academical
Medical Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam; 3Department of
Paediatric Haematology, Erasmus Medical Centre - Sophia
Childrens Hospital, Rotterdam; 4Nursing Science, Faculty of
Health Care; 5Nursing Science; 6Julius Centre for Health Sciences
and Primary Care, Umc Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
Background: Given the lifelong prophylaxis in severe haemophilia,
insight in (non) adherence behaviour is important to understand
patients difficulties with following treatment recommendations and
optimize support.
Aims: To provide an overview of four studies leading to insight in the
extent and the reason for non-adherence to prophylaxis in haemophilia.
Methods: First, consensus on the definition of adherence was achieved
through a Delphi procedure. 23 experts (patients and health care providers) agreed (8495%) on the definition after three rounds. This definition was used to quantify adherence through a short interview
during the nursing consultation (n = 241). Insight in the underlying
reason of non-adherence was obtained through a systematic literature
review followed by a qualitative study (grounded theory). This study
included Individual in-depth interviews in 21 adults aimed at understanding experiences, perceptions and beliefs of adherence.
Results: The developed definition of adherence involved three aspects:
missed infusions (%), changes in dosage/dose changes (%) and infusions not administered at prescribed time point (%). This definition
was used to quantify the adherence levels: 66% of the parents administering their child vs. 43% of the patients were adherent. Furthermore,
29% of the parents and 37% of patients were defined as sub-optimally
adherent and 5% of the parents and 20% of the patients were nonadherent. The review about barriers and motivators of adherence
defined significant factors influencing adherence. The qualitative study
identified patterns in the previously identified factors, which led to a
consistent model. Adherence was determined by the positions of prophylaxis in life, which was influenced by the level of acceptance of haemophilia and self-management skills.
Conclusion: The present results serve as a baseline for an intervention
to improve adherence, focussed on self-management and acceptance
issues.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Schrijvers Grant/Research Support from:
Baxter Pharmaceutics, M. Beijlevelt - van der Zande: None declared,
M. Peters: None declared, M. Peters: None declared, J. Lock: None
declared, M. Cnossen: None declared, M. Schuurmans: None
declared, K. Fischer: None declared.
89
NUR005
Expanding the knowledge base: opportunities and
challenges for allied professionals in bleeding disorder
research in Canada
Smith N1 and Bartholomew C2
1
University of British Columbia; 2St. Pauls Hospital, Vancouver,
Canada
Background: Practice-based evidence is an important component of
allied health professionals knowledge base and is essential for providing best care to patients with bleeding disorders. According to the Society for Social Work and Research, from 19942014, social work
produced the fewest researchers and doctoral scholars among peer disciplines. Thus we need additional ways to encourage knowledge development.
Aims: Our aim is to understand the current capacity of social workers
at Canadian hemophilia treatment centres to initiate, participate in
and publish research.
Methods: There are 24 hemophilia treatment sites across Canada,
which employ 20 social workers on a part-time basis (0.1 to 0.6 FTEs)
to provide psychosocial support to individuals with bleeding disorders.
We polled these participants electronically. Open-ended questions
about the extent of, prospects for, and barriers to social work-led
research elicited responses which were analyzed qualitatively.
Results: We will describe the extent to which social workers currently
direct or participate in bleeding disorder-related research, their willingness to play a greater role and perceived benefits of so doing. Organizational barriers to this include the scarcity of psychosocial grants in
hemophilia, and lack of protected time/coverage to engage in research.
Individual-level barriers include comfort with subjects like research
design or data analysis.
Conclusion: Canadian hemophilia treatment centres and professional
organizations should address these identified barriers in order to
improve knowledge development and transfer related to bleeding disorders. An absence of social work and allied health perspectives eliminates important forms of practice-based evidence, to the detriment of
patient care and frustration of professionals career aims. Possible
actions for instance, having social work organizations lead in initiating projects and opportunities for skill development are suggested.
Thrombosis and Anticoagulation

NUR006
Developing a nurse led ultrasound scanning service to
confirm or exclude the diagnosis of lower limb deep
vein thrombosis - improving patient care and reducing
the risk of unecessary anticoagulants in a United
Kingdom primary care setting
Boyd J
Community Nursing, SEQOL, Swindon, UK
Background: SEQOL provide a nurse-led community deep vein thrombosis (DVT) service for patients within Wiltshire and surrounding
counties. An average of 1400 patients are assessed annually, only 14
17% of these are confirmed to have the condition. Between June 2012
and June 2013 20.4% of patients received an ultrasound scan (USS)
within 24 h of referral. Four scans were available daily from the secondary care providers with no capacity for peaks and troughs in attendance numbers; the DVT service had an average daily requirement of
4.4 resulting in long waits and the excessive use of LMWH while
awaiting definitive diagnosis.
Aims: To develop nurse practitioners as qualified sonographers who
can provide point of care duplex USS to confirm or exclude the diagnosis of DVT.
90
ABSTRACTS
Methods: Initial project work involved engagement with the secondary

care scanning department who provided mentorship. The University
of the West of England were approached concurrently and a 9 month
post graduate study program was devised. One practitioner was
trained initially to ensure a portfolio of > 250 supervised USS was
achieved.
Results: Since 28/10/14 324 patients have been scanned, 84% within
4 h of referral and 96% within 24 h. All patients receive an USS
regardless of clinical probability; blood tests are reserved for patients
following a positive diagnosis only. A locum vascular scientist was
employed to audit quality and ensure a high clinical standard is maintained. Two further nurse practitioners are currently training, the service will have a scanning capacity of 16 h a day 7 days a week on
completion of this training. An annual saving of 19,000 will be
achieved due to a reduction in the use of LMWH, further savings in
the region of 70,000 are estimated due to reduced staffing needs.
Conclusion: This improved service offers a streamlined patient journey
resulting in financial savings while improving safety by reducing the
risk of adverse events related to unnecessary anticoagulation.
NUR007
Overweight is a risk factor for venous
thromboembolism after total knee arthroplasty despite
rivaroxaban thromboprophylaxis
Cockhill C1, Mian O2, Rizzo M3, Seigal D4, Chan H4 and
McDonald E5
1
Thrombisis; 2Health Sciences, McMaster University;
3
Thrombosis, St. Josephs Healthcare Hamilton; 4Thrombosis;
5
Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
Background: The roles of rivaroxaban for patients undergoing total
knee arthroplasty (TKA) have been established by rigorous clinical trials. Pharmacokinetic data of rivaroxaban for obese persons are conflicting. Since obesity is an independent risk factor for venous
thromboembolism (VTE), we hereby evaluated whether body weight
was associated with VTE in post-TKA patients despite rivaroxaban
prophylaxis.
Aims: To assess whether the body mass index (BMI) in patients complicated by VTE after TKA was different from those uneventfully
recovered from the surgery.
Methods: This case-control study was conducted based on a database
of an academic thrombosis service from Jan 2013 to Dec 2014. We first
identified patients on rivaroxaban prophylaxis but developed VTE
within 14 days after TKA. These index patients were matched to randomly selected controls at a 1:3 ratio, who underwent the same type of
surgery and received the same prophylaxis. Patients being on other
thromboprophylaxis such as mechanical compression, antiplatelet
agents or heparins were excluded from both index and control groups.
Two investigators independently extracted the patients medical and
surgical data and discrepancy was resolved by consensus. A students
t-test was employed to compare the BMI between the case and the
control groups. A p value of < 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Within the 2 year study period, 9 index patients were identified. The BMI of these patients were 39.2 (7.75), which was significantly different from the BMI of the 27 matched controls
(33.3 6.22, P = 0.03). There was no fatality from VTE.
Conclusion: This study suggests overweight is a risk factor for VTE in
the immediate post-operative period after TKA despite rivaroxaban
prophylaxis. Our results are opposite to the subgroup analysis of
RECORD trials; thus, warrant further exploration. In particular, the
time to initiate rivaroxaban was longer in our patient population than
those in the RECORD trials.
NUR008
Managing anticoagulation therapy risk through the
multidisciplinary team (MDT) ward round at Kings
college hospital
Patel J1,2, Roberts LN2, Gee E2, Byrne R2, Czuprynska J2,
Kittoe K2, Brown A2, Patel RK2, Bonner L2 and Arya R2
1
Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Kings College London;
2
Kings Thrombosis Centre, Kings College Hospital, London, UK
Background: Anticoagulant therapy is frequently reported as causing
preventable patient harm. In 2008, the anticoagulation MDT established a thrice weekly ward round to manage this risk. A subsequent
review following its inception demonstrated significant improvements
on documentation of patients anticoagulation plans and addressing
queries regarding patients with complex anticoagulation needs.
Aims: To describe the activity of the MDT ward round in more recent
years (07/2012-12/2014), and assess its impact on patient care.
Methods: All patients referred and reviewed to the ward round were
recorded on a central database. In addition to demographic information, reasons for referral, any interventions made by the MDT, along
with specific advice given was documented. This information was retrospectively reviewed.
Results: Out of 1997 referrals received, 1508 (76%) patients were
reviewed by the MDT. The number of referrals and subsequent
reviews, has increased year on year, since 2008. The majority of referrals originate from general medicine, care of older adults and the cardiothoracic surgery specialities. A total of 3574 interventions were
made for patients reviewed (intervention mean score per patient 3.66);
these ranged from counselling patients regarding anticoagulant therapy (882), providing tailored written information (882), the provision
of anticoagulation dosing advice (485), in addition to advice for
patients prescribed triple therapy (141) and in the context of cancer
(31). In recent months, interventions around the commencement of
novel oral anticoagulants have increased; 1% (Jul 2013) to a mean of
17% (Dec 2014).
Conclusion: The MDT ward round is an effective way to educate and
answer questions for patients newly commenced on oral anticoagulant
therapy and ultimately manage anticoagulation risk. The MDT is a
great resource for non-specialists working in the hospital and seamlessly manages risk associated across the tertiary/secondary/primary
care interface.
Disclosure of Interest: J. Patel Grant/Research Support from: Investigator initiated grant from Bayer, L. Roberts Grant/Research Support
from: Investigator initiated grant from Covidien, Speaker Bureau of:
For Covidien and Bayer, E. Gee: None declared, R. Byrne: None
declared, J. Czuprynska: None declared, K. Kittoe: None declared, A.
Brown: None declared, R. Patel Speaker Bureau of: Bayer, L. Bonner:
None declared, R. Arya Grant/Research Support from: Investigator
initiated grant from Bayer, Grant/Research Support from: Investigator initiated grant from Covidien, Speaker Bureau of: Bayer.
NUR009
Safe discharge planning for patients on anticoagulants:
launch of a new quality improvement tool for nurses
Chung S1, Strulovitch C2, Emed J1 and Patel H1
1
Nursing; 2Thrombosis, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal,
Canada
Background: Anticoagulants (ACs) are commonly used high-alert
medications in the prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) or for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation.
Yet, they are not without risk: for example, warfarin is among the
medications with the most food and drug interactions, and it is also
among the leading medications implicated in ER visits related to
adverse drug events in older adults. More recently, new oral anticoag 2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997
ABSTRACTS
ulants (NOACs) have been approved, and their safety implications are
no less important given the lack of reversal agents available. It is wellknown that patient education is associated with a reduction in adverse
events and improved adherence with AC treatment. Thus, nurses have
an essential role to play, particularly at the time of hospital discharge
Aims: To ensure safe management and follow-up for patients discharged on ACs by standardizing the process and coordination of
planning and teaching.
Methods: Upon clinical observation of discharge challenges and nursing staff requests for greater support with discharge planning, a multidisciplinary team (pharmacist, nurses from thrombosis, medicine,
surgery and discharge-planning) was convened and an algorithm was
created. Teaching sessions were provided, using a multiple-choice preand post- quiz on ACs and discharge planning as well as the new algorithm.
Results: 98 nurses from medical-surgical units participated. The overall
mean score pre-test was 48%. At baseline, nurses were most knowledgeable regarding which ACs require follow-up at the Anticoagulation Clinic or in the community; staff were least comfortable regarding
which teaching materials were available for patients and families, and
when Anticoagulation Clinic teaching session for new patients is given.
Post-teaching mean scores were 82%.
Conclusion: Use of the algorithm led to increased knowledge regarding
safe discharges for patients on ACs.
NUR010
Direct-acting oral anticoagulants in the real world:
insights into appropriate prescribing and medication
use
Delaney J1, Schulman S1,2, Salib M1, Panju M1 and Pai M1,2,3
1
Department of Medicine; 2Thrombosis & Atherosclerosis
Research Institute; 3Hamilton Regional Laboratory Medicine
Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
Background: Direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are convenient because of fixed dosing without monitoring. There are instructions on avoidance of moisture, no crushing of capsules, and
administration with food for some DOACs. Whether patients adhere
to this and are prescribed appropriate doses is unknown.
Aims: To assess DOAC dosing and medication use.
Methods: Patients > 18 years old, receiving a DOAC for any diagnosis, were prospectively included. Nurses at our perioperative anticoagulation clinic helped patients complete a 15-item questionnaire on
creatinine clearance, DOAC type, dose, prescriber, and use (exposure
to moisture, administration with food, and pill crushing). We categorized appropriateness of dose based on primary diagnosis, age, and
creatinine clearance; and appropriateness of use based on administration instructions in the product monograph. Nurses concerns about
dose or use were communicated to patients and physicians.
Results: We recruited 93 consecutive patients 49 on dabigatran, 18 on
apixaban, and 26 on rivaroxaban. Mean age was 71 (33) years, 29%
were female, 97% had atrial fibrillation, and 3% had venous thrombosis. 64% of all patients had appropriate DOAC dosing and use; 19%
used the DOAC appropriately but at an inappropriate (mostly too
low) dose; 14% had an appropriate dose but used it inappropriately.
Ten patients removed dabigatran from its packaging well before
administration, exposing it to moisture; 2 did not take treatment doses
of rivaroxaban with food; and 1 crushed the dabigatran capsule. Multinomial logistic regression did not show that age, gender, creatinine
clearance and prescriber type influenced appropriateness of dose or
administration.
Conclusion: This pilot study demonstrates large variability in how DOACs are dosed, and how patients take them. Improved medication literacy around DOACs is needed. Our study highlights opportunities
91
that nurses have to improve patients medication literacy even during

a brief clinic visit and alert physicians to dosing errors.
Disclosure of Interest: J. Delaney: None Declared, S. Schulman Grant/
Research Support from: Boehringer Ingelheim, Octapharma, Baxter,
Consultant for: Boehringer Ingelheim, Merck, Bristol-Myers Squibb,
Medscape, M. Salib: None declared, M. Panju: None declared, M. Pai
Consultant for: Bayer.
NUR011
Novel oral anticoagulant checklists for front line
clinicians
Lowerison J1, Bolt J2, Bungard T3, Lamb D4 and On behalf of
Collaborative Learning On Thrombosis (CLOT) Group
1
Pharmacy Services, Alberta Health Services, Calgary; 2Pharmacy
Services, Regina QuAppelle Health Region, Regina; 3Division of
Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta,
Edmonton; 4Pharmacy Services, Saskatoon Health Region,
Saskatoon, Canada
Background: Based on their clinical efficacy, safety and ability to overcome many challenges associated with warfarin, apixaban, dabigatran,
and rivaroxaban have become accepted options for atrial fibrillation
and venous thromboembolism treatment and prophylaxis. With rapidly evolving literature surrounding these agents, it is paramount that
clinicians have access to up to date information to make informed
choices for the population they serve.
Aims: Succinct checklists titled Is [Generic name (Trade Name)] an
Option for Your Patient? were created for apixaban, dabigatran, and
rivaroxaban. The goal of the checklists was to enable clinicians to
make informed decisions regarding the appropriateness of therapy,
dose and management of commonly encountered scenarios.
Methods: Action: A group of 10 pharmacists with a clinical interest/
focus in thrombosis developed the checklists using primary literature,
product monographs, and clinical practice guidelines. The checklists
summarize indications, contraindications, advantages, limitations,
dosing recommendations, patient information, monitoring, switching
between anticoagulant agents and peri-procedural management. The
checklists were initially disseminated by various means (conference
presentations, peer to peer) and are now primarily accessed online
through the RxFiles website (rxfiles.ca).
Results: Evaluation: The developers review/revise the checklists at
minimum every 6 months or more frequently if warranted, based on
new and evolving literature. Each checklist is downloaded from the
RxFiles website on average 201 times per month (range: 139255).
Informal feedback from end users (pharmacists and physicians) has
been positive.
Conclusion: Front line clinicians require quick access to accurate information to make safe and effective decisions regarding new and evolving anticoagulant options for their patients. These checklists provide
an up to date summary of relevant information to prescribe and manage dabigatran, rivaroxaban and apixaban.
Disclosure of Interest: J. Lowerison: None declared, J. Bolt: None
declared, T. Bungard Consultant for: Speaking Engagements; no personal financial gain, D. Lamb: None declared.
92
ABSTRACTS
NUR012
A Cross-sectional registry on the incidence of
gastrointestinal associated symptoms with pradaxa
use (Gasp Registry)
Zondag MM1, Sardo L2 and Schulman S1
1
Medicine, McMaster University; 2Thrombosis Service, St.
Josephs Healthcare, Hamilton, Canada
Background: The incidence of gastrointestinal symptoms (GIS) on dabigatran was 15.5% in a phase III trial and 2.1% of subjects stopped
the drug due to this.
Aims: To study the incidence of GIS in patients on dabigatran. To
determine techniques they use to treat GIS and their effectiveness.
Methods: In a cross-sectional study for adult patients on/ever on dabigatran at Hamilton Health Sciences we administered a questionnaire
in person or via telephone. GIS included heartburn, indigestion, regurgitation, excessive burping, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, lower abdominal pain or bloating, and gas. We captured symptom type and severity
using a Likert grading scale. The validated Short Form Leeds Dyspepsia questionnaire (SF-LDQ) was used for accurate description of GIS
symptoms.
Results: We recruited 119 subjects with an average age of 74 11 years.
All subjects had atrial fibrillation, 38% were female, 50% took 110 mg
bid, 49% took 150 mg bid and one took 75 mg bid. 83% were currently
taking dabigatran; 2 had stopped due to GIS. 65% of patients reported
GIS at some point while taking dabigatran. The most troublesome
symptom reported most frequently on the SF-LDQ was indigestion
(18%) followed by heartburn (15%), nausea (10%) and regurgitation
(7%). A total score of the frequency and severity responses for each
symptom (maximum possible score 32) from the SF-LDQ was evaluated against confounding factors; no association between prevalence of
GIS and weight (P = 0.5), ulcer history (P = 0.18), aspirin use
(P = 0.2), dabigatran without meals (P = 0.4). History of reflux was
borderline significant (P = 0.047) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
was significantly associated with increased prevalence of GIS
(P = 0.024). 40% used antacids to manage GIS and reported that most
of symptoms resolved, 2% used food or milk with similar relief.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that a history of IBS predicts occurrence of GIS in the setting of dabigatran, and that antacid use is the
most common remedy for GIS and provides good relief of symptoms.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Zondag: None declared, L. Sardo: None
declared, S. Schulman Grant/Research Support from: Boehringer Ingelheim, Consultant for: Boehringer Ingelheim.
NUR013
Assessing oral anticoagulant use in long-term care
residents: evidence for ongoing suboptimal use in
2014.
Rojas-Fernandez C1,2, Zarrin A1, Warkentin M1, Bonneau J1,
Hartwick J3 and Brown S2
1
School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo; 2RIA, UW-Schlegel
Research Institute for Ageing; 3Schlegel Villages Support Office,
Schlegel Villages, Kitchener, Canada
Background: The safe and appropriate use of oral anticoagulants
(OACs) remains a challenge in older people. Use of OACs is common
for residents of long term care (LTC) facilities, yet contemporary studies demonstrate that OACs are underused, and in the case of warfarin,
residents spend ~50% of the time outside of the therapeutic range,
placing them at risk for adverse events.
Aims: To characterize current patterns of OAC use in LTC residents
and describe the quality of warfarin use.
Methods: Retrospective chart review (Aug 2013 to Sept 2014) of residents of 13 LTC facilities (census 3309) who had documented indica-
tions for OACs. The time in therapeutic INR range (TTR,

Rosendaals method) was the primary outcome. This project was
approved by the University of Waterloo Office For Research Ethics;
individual patient consent was not required.
Results: 564 residents (70% female) with an average age of 84 years
were identified. Participants had an average of 7.5 comorbidities and 9
medications. Indications for OAC use were atrial fibrillation (63%),
venous or pulmonary embolism (16%), cardiac valves (0.5%); 25%
did not have documented indications. OACs were not prescribed for
147 (26%) of residents with indications for OACs. Warfarin was prescribed for 275 (66%) residents; the remainder received novel OACs.
The TTR ranged from 56% to 75% (mean 63%) across 13 facilities;
the average TTR for the six facilities with the lowest TTRs was 59%.
The frequency of INR determinations ranged from every 7 to 19 days,
(mean every 13 days) with no apparent relationship between frequency
of testing and TTR.
Conclusion: The TTR for was higher (63.8%) than the literature average (50%), but is suboptimal given the expected benefits of TTRs
> 75% vs TTRs circa 60%. Documentation of indications for OACs
needs improvement, and it is possible that OACs are underused,
though reasons for this are presently unclear. Analyses are ongoing to
describe adverse events, co-prescribing of interacting medications and
other secondary outcomes.
Disclosure of Interest: C. Rojas-Fernandez Grant/Research Support
from: Research Grant From BMS, A. Zarrin: None declared, M. Warkentin: None declared, J. Bonneau: None declared, J. Hartwick: None
declared, S. Brown: None declared.
NUR014
Post-thrombotic panic: panic, positive outcomes
and the paradoxical impact of venous
thromboembolism (VTE)
Hunter R1, Bennett PD1, Lewis S2, Rance J1 and Noble S2
1
Psychology, Swansea University, Swansea; 2Haematology,
Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Wales, UK
Background: The long-term consequences of experiencing venous
thromboembolism extend beyond physical phenomena such as post
thrombotic syndrome and pulmonary hypertension. Previous research
suggests survivors of large volume symptomatic pulmonary emboli
later experience elevated levels of distress and anxiety that impact their
quality of life, with some demonstrating characteristics akin to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
Aims: To understand the psychosocial impact of VTE through participants own words.
Methods: Twelve patients with newly diagnosed VTE were recruited
through a hematology clinic. Semi structured qualitative interviews
were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) to identify
emergent themes identified.
Results: The content of themes varied according to gender, age at time
of VTE and participants experience of diagnosis and treatment. Emergent themes suggest a paradoxical duality and include: 1. Post-traumatic stress symptoms: Participants described significant symptoms of
anxiety and panic, intrusive thoughts and images, and fear of VTE
recurrence. 2. Positive outcomes: The experiences were life changing
for participants, leading to re-evaluation of life and subsequent
changes in self.
Conclusion: Our initial data demonstrates that the post-thrombotic
period can be a time of significant psychosocial distress including posttraumatic stress syptomology. It also highlights a duality of trauma
and growth after VTE, which suggests a potential role for health psychology in identifying and supporting individuals at risk of post-traumatic stress. Opportunities for impacting patient outcomes via
ABSTRACTS
targeted interventions to enhance psychological wellbeing and recovery are discussed.
Platelet Disorders
OR001
JAK2 V617F mutation and cardiovascular risk factors
discriminate young patients with high risk of
thrombosis in essential thrombocythemia
Fu R, Zhang L, Li H, Zhang L, Lv M, Hao Y and Yang R
Hematology & Hospital of Blood Disease Chinese Academy of
Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin,
China
Background: The median age at diagnosis of essential thrombocythemia (ET) is in the sixth decade of life, and patients younger than
40 years account for < 20% of the patients. Information on the outcome of young patients is limited, and whether the calreticulin
(CALR) mutations affect the outcome of these patients remains
unknown.
Aims: The objective of the study was to assess the clinical outcome of
young patients diagnosed with ET and to explore the risk factors for
major thrombosis.
Methods: A total of 188 young patients (age 40 years) with an initial
diagnosis of ET were enrolled. Mutations in JAK2 V617F, MPL exon
10 and CALR exon 9 were investigated.
Results: The median follow-up was 61 months (range 0217). The
median age was 35 years (range 1840). Mutational frequencies were
44.7% for JAK2 (n = 84), 27.1% for CALR (n = 51) and 1.6% for
MPL (n = 3). Twenty-six (13.8%) experienced major thrombotic
events. Cox proportional hazards regression revealed JAK2 V617F
(HR = 3.241; P = 0.008) and cardiovascular risk factors (CVF)
(HR = 3.646; P = 0.001) to be risk factors for thrombosis. Neither
CALR mutation nor previous thrombosis was a risk factor for thrombosis. KaplanMeier analysis revealed a worse thrombosis-free survival in JAK2-mutated patients than in patients with wild-type JAK2
(P = 0.006), and a worse thrombosis-free survival in patients with
CVF than those without (P = 0.001). The thrombosis-free survival
was much worse in patients with both JAK2 V617F and CVF than in
those only with JAK2 V617F or CVF or with neither (P < 0.001).
Transformation to myelofibrosis was observed in 4 patients (2.1%),
and none of the evaluated factors could predict fibrotic transformation
(P > 0.05).
Conclusion: Different form the general ET population, previous
thrombosis is not a risk factor for thrombosis in young patients. JAK2
V617F and CVF can discriminate a high-risk group of young patients,
while the CALR mutation is not a risk factor for thrombosis or for
fibrotic transformation.
93
OR002
First report of a new homozygous FLI1 mutation
unraveled by increased MYH10 expression in an
inherited platelet disorder
Morel-Kopp M-C1,2, Rabbolini D1,2, Gabrielli S1,2, Chen Q1,2,
Stevenson W1,2 and Ward CM1,2
1
Northern Blood Research Centre - Kolling Institute, The
University of Sydney; 2Department of Haematology and
Transfusion Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney,
Australia
Background: Inherited platelet disorders (IPD) comprise multiple diseases affecting platelet production, morphology and/or function. Standard laboratory investigations can only diagnose < 20% of IPD and
new approaches need to be implemented to help with diagnosis. We
report here the case of 2 Caucasian sisters who both presented with
thrombocytopenia (platelets 4090x109/L) and bleeding history. Platelet aggregation to ADP and adrenalin was mildly reduced but normal
to arachidonic acid and ristocetin. Collagen-induced platelet aggregation was absent. Collagen receptor genes were sequenced but no
abnormality was detected.
Aims: To use protein analysis and DNA sequencing to investigate this
uncharacterized platelet disorder.
Methods: Informed consent was obtained and blood collected for
platelet function testing, platelet lysate for western-blotting (WB), electron microscopy (EM) and DNA extraction. Massively parallel
sequencing (MPS) was performed using MiSeq Illumina instrument
and a 19 gene panel.
Results: WB was performed to quantitate granule and cytoskeleton
proteins. MYH10 expression was increased in platelets from both sisters in contrast to normal platelets where MYH10 is suppressed.
MYH10 has been described as a biomarker of RUNX1 and FLI1 gene
alterations. MPS didnt detect mutations in those genes although poor
coverage was observed for FLI1 exons 3 and 9. Sanger sequencing
detected a homozygous FLI1 mutation in exon 9 (c.970 C>T
p.Arg324Trp). Both parents were heterozygous for that mutation and
consanguinity was discovered in previous generation of the family.
EM showed organelle centralization, obscured microtubules, under
developed OCS and abnormally large and electron dense a-granules.
Conclusion: In a Caucasian family, after the detection of increased
MYH10 in platelets, we identified a homozygous FLI1 mutation
responsible for thrombocytopenia and severe platelet dysfunction.
MYH10 platelet protein detection has proven to be useful in identifying the genetic abnormality in this family.
OR003
A gain-of-function mutation in filamin-a potentiates
platelet integrin alpha-IIB/eta-3 activation
Berrou E1,2, Adam F1,2, Planche V1,2, Lebret M1,2, Fergelot P3,
Coupry I3, Nurden P4, Bonneau D5, Colin E5, Goizet C3,
Rosa J-P1,2 and Bryckaert M1,2
1
Unit
e 1176, Inserm; 2UMR_S 1176, Univ Paris-Sud, Le Kremlinen
etique et M
etabolisme,
Bic^
etre; 3Laboratoire Maladies Rares: G
Univ Victor Segalen; 4Plateforme Technologique dInnovation
^ pital Xavier Arnozan, Bordeaux; 5D
Biom
edicale, Ho
epartement
de Biochimie et G
en
etique, Chu Angers, Angers, France
Background: Dominant mutations of the X-linked filamin A (FLNA)
gene are responsible for filaminopathies A, rare disorders including
brain periventricular nodular heterotopia (FLNA-PVNH), skeletal dysmorphia or congenital intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO). We
showed that in female PVNH patients, FLNA mutations lead to
thrombocytopenia with giant platelets, exhibiting low adhesive and
94
ABSTRACTS
secretory functions, correlating with low residual FLNa from the normal allele, the mutant FLNa being undetected.
Aims: We wish to discover new FLNA mutations leading to platelet
defects.
Methods: Platelet functions (aggregation, secretion, adhesion) and
platelet signaling induced by various agonists were investigated.
Results: The unique X-linked FLNA allele of a male patient with
PVNH and CIPO, exhibited a stop codon mutation leading to an 100
amino acids-long FLNa C-terminal extension (NP_001447.2:
p.Ter2648SerextTer101). Platelet counts were normal, with few
enlarged platelets. Mutant FLNa was detectable in all platelets but at
30% of control level. Surprisingly, all platelet functions were significantly up-regulated: platelet aggregation and secretion, as induced by
ADP, collagen, or VWF in the presence of ristocetin, as well as thrombus formation in blood flow on collagen or on VWF. Most importantly, ADP induced an increase in aIIbb3 integrin activation
contrasting with normal Rap1 activation, strongly suggesting mutant
FLNa affected aIIbb3 directly and not through signaling pathways
upstream Rap1. Accordingly co-immunoprecipitation of FLNa with
aIIbb3 demonstrated a weaker interaction of mutant FLNa with b3 in
the patients platelets, compared to control.
Conclusion: We postulate that the decrease in the association of
mutant FLNa with b3, facilitates talin recruitment by b3, leading to
increased aIIbb3 activation and the ensuing gain-of-platelet functions
observed in this patients platelets.
OR004
Histone-associated thrombocytopenia: a new cause of
thrombocytopenia in critically ill patients
Alhamdi Y1, Abrams ST1, Welters I2, Wang G1 and Toh C-H1,3
1
Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, University of
Liverpool, Institute of Infection and Global Health; 2University of
Liverpool, Institute of Aging and Chronic Disease; 3Roald Dahl
Haemostasis & Thrombosis Centre, Royal Liverpool University
Hospital, Liverpool, UK
Background: Thrombocytopenia is common in critically ill patients
and is an independent predictor of prolonged intensive care unit (ICU)
stay and mortality. However, the underlying causes remain largely
unclear. More recently, extracellular histones could induce thrombocytopenia when injected into experimental mice.
Aims: Investigate the association between circulating histones and
thrombocytopenia in ICU patients.
Methods: A prospective, longitudinal study of ICU patients with
thrombocytopenia as defined by platelets (PLTs) < 150 9 109/L and/
or 25% PLT drop within first 4 days of admission.
Results: Among 160 ICU patients, 47 (29%) had thrombocytopenia
and their median histone levels were ~24 lg mL1. 7 of these 47
patients had no detectable histones with 6/7 surviving (mortality
14.2%). In the remaining 40 patients, median histone levels were
46.5 lg mL1 and the mortality rate was higher at 37.5%. Patients
with histones 30 lg mL1 on admission had more significant PLT
drops on 2nd (26.8% vs 0%, P = 0.012) and 3rd (35.9% vs 17%,
P = 0.005) ICU days. There was a significant inverse linear correlation
between histone levels on admission and PLT counts on 2nd
(r = 0.384, P = 0.009) and 3rd ICU days (r = 402, P = 0.006). In
addition, treating freshly isolated human PLTs with these patients
plasma caused significant PLT aggregation, which was abrogated by
anti-histone antibodies. Also, 29 of these 40 patients had disseminated
intravascular coagulation (DIC) by ISTH criteria with 19/29 (65.5%)
having histone 30 lg mL1 to suggest a link between very high histone levels and DIC (P = 0.0016). However, 11/40 patients had histone-associated thrombocytopenia without DIC or other known
causes and 28 day-mortality remained high in this group at 36.3%.
Conclusion: Histone-associated thrombocytopenia is a new cause of

thrombocytopenia that is associated with adverse clinical outcomes in
critical illness. Novel translational strategies to detect and neutralise
cytotoxic circulating histones are therefore exigent.
OR005
Platelet mitochondrial dysfunction in patients with
sepsis or cardiogenic shock
Artoni A1, Protti A2, Marca SL1, Lecchi A1, Fortunato F3, Comi G3
and Peyvandi F1
1
A. Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center;
2
Intensive Care Unit E. Vecla; 3Neurology, Fondazione Irccs C
a
Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
Background: The degree of platelet mitochondrial alterations during
human sepsis or cardiogenic shock is not well established, as it is not
studied if such alterations can influence platelet responsiveness to
aggregating agents.
Aims: Determining platelet mithochondrial alterations in septic shock
and establishing correlation with platelet function tests
Methods: A prospective, observational case- control clinical study on
sixteen patients affected with severe sepsis or septic shock and sixteen
patients with cardiogenic shock enrolled within 48 h from admission
to intensive care unit. Platelet mitochondrial biochemistry was studied
with spectrophotometry at 30 C and results were expressed relative to
citrate synthase activity, a marker of mitochondrial density. Platelet
function was studied by lumi-aggregometry and dense granules content measurement.
Results: platelets of patients with sepsis or cardiogenic shock similarly
showed to have a lower activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase (NADH) (P < 0.001),
NADH-ubiquinone 1 reductase (complex I) (P = 0.006), NADH-cytochrome c reductase (complex I and III) (P < 0.001) and cytochrome c
oxidase (complex IV) (P < 0.001) activities than controls. Platelets of
patients with sepsis were hyporesponsive to adenosine diphosphate,
collagen, U46619 and thrombin receptor activating peptide compared
to that of controls, both in terms of maximal aggregation (P < 0.001
for each agonist) and of secretion (P < 0.05 for each agonist). Primary
wave in response to ADP diminished in parallel with mitochondrial
NADH (R2 0.36; P < 0.001), complex I (R2 0.38; P < 0.001), complex
I and III (R2 0.27; P = 0.002) and complex IV (R2 0.43; P < 0.001).
Conclusion: Platelet mitochondria are altered during human sepsis and
cardiogenic shock. In platelets of patients with sepsis, mitochondrial
dysfunction is associated with general hyporesponsiveness to aggregating agents.
ABSTRACTS
Atherosclerosis
OR006
Swapping over two peptide epitopes derived from
APOB and C5AR located at terminuses of recombinant
proteins maintains the similar effective reduction on
atherosclerotic lesion in B6;129S-LDLR(TM1HER)
APOB(TM2SGY)/J mice
Xia M1, Endresz V2, Lantos I2, Szabo A3, Mundkur L4, Kakkar V1
and Lu X1
1
Medical Microbiology and Immunobiology; 3Institute of Surgical
Research, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; 4Thrombosis
Research Institute, Bangalore, India
Background: Atherosclerosis is increasingly recognized as a complex
chronic inflammatory disease. Vaccination against atherosclerosis by
using epitopes from LDL Apolipoprotein B (ApoB) protein, heat
shock protein (HSP) and from complement component 5a receptor
(C5aR) limited neointimal hyperplasia and inflammatory cell content.
Aims: To assess whether two terminuses of a recombinant protein can
be modulated by swapping over two peptide epitopes derived from
ApoB and C5aR protein located at different terminuses of the protein
through immunizing B6;129S-Ldlrtm1HerApobtm2Sgy/J mice for their
effective reduction on atherosclerotic lesions.
Methods: Antigenic epitopes derived from human ApoB (AA688-707)
designated as epitope A, human HSP60 (AA516-528) as epitope Hh,
mycobacterium HSP60 (AA253-268) as Hm and C5aR (AA1-31) as R
were incorporated into a dendroaspin scaffold to generate AHhHmR
and RHhHmA, containing same epitopes, but with a different epitope
at terminuses of the molecules.
Results: Histological analyses demonstrated that the mice immunized
with AHhHmR and RHhHmA showed equally significant reductions in
the size of atherosclerostic lesions (70.2% and 65.9%; P < 0.001,
respectively) compared with controls. These results were in agreement
with those in descending aortas showing significant decrease in lesion
area (50% for AHhHmR and 42% for RHhHmA, respectively,
P < 0.001). This effect on lesion reduction was correlated with the cellular responses towards decreased inflammatory cell and increased regulatory T-cell contents at local (lesion sites) and remote areas
(splenocytes).
Conclusion: Immunization of mice with these two constructs containing multiple epitopes effectively reduced early atherosclerotic lesions.
Two terminuses of the recombinant molecules are flexible for antigenic
effect after introduction either ApoB peptide or C5aR peptide. This
approach offers attractive opportunities for the design of proteinbased, multivalent vaccines against atherosclerosis.
OR007
Examining the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway in
hyperglycemia-induced accelerated atherosclerosis
Dang ViT1,2, Petlura C1, Beriault DR1, Shi Y1 and Werstuck GH1,3
1
Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute; 2Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; 3Department of Medicine,
Mcmaster University, Hamilton, Canada
Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is responsible for the
majority of deaths in people with diabetes. Our lack of understanding
of the biochemical mechanisms linking diabetes and CVD complicates
the development of effective treatment strategies. Elevated flux
through the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) is a notable
intracellular effect of hyperglycemia that is associated with the induc 2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997
95
tion of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. ER stress has been implicated in the development of accelerated atherosclerosis.
Aims: This study investigated the role of enhanced HBP flux and ER
stress on atherogenesis in hyperglycemic ApoE/ mice.
Methods: Hyperglycemia was induced in ApoE/ mice by introducing
a point mutation (C96Y) in one copy of the insulin 2 gene. Immunofluorescent imaging was used to quantify the level of ER stress markers
(CHOP and GRP78), O-linked glycosylation (O-GlcNAc) and the
expression of glutamine fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase
(GFAT, the rate-limiting enzyme of the HBP). MALDI-imaging was
used to measure the end product of the HBP, uridine diphosphate Nacetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc).
Results: ApoE/Ins2+/Akita mice develop both hyperglycemia
(FBG = 15.0 1.1 vs. 7.4 0.3 mM in ApoE/ mice) and accelerated atherosclerosis (3.4 fold increase in lesion area, P < 0.01) relative
to ApoE/ controls. Hyperglycemic mice showed ~2-fold increase in
the levels of vascular ER stress markers (P < 0.01) and O-GlcNAc
(P < 0.05). Enhanced expression of GFAT, UDP-GlcNAc and O-GlcNAc (P < 0.01) were also observed in hepatic tissues. These results are
consistent with an elevated flux through the HBP in hyperglycemic
mice. Treatment with the chemical chaperone 4-phenylbutyric acid significantly reduced ER stress levels (P < 0.05) and attenuated accelerated lesion development in hyperglycemic mice (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: These findings support the role of the HBP in hyperglycemia-induced accelerated atherosclerosis.
OR008
Tolerance to multiantigenic molecule expressing
peptides from APOB100, HSP60 and outer membrane
protein of chlamydia pneumonia reduces markers of
plaque instability and stabilizes advanced
atherosclerosis in APOBTM2SGY/LDLRTM1HER/J
mice
Philip S1, Ponnusamy T1, Rao LN1, Krishnan R1, Lu X2,
Deshpande V1, Kakkar VV1,2 and Mundkur L1
1
Molecular Immunology, Thrombosis Research Institute,
Bangalore, India; 2Molecular Immunology, Thrombosis Research
Institute, London, UK
Background: Immune modulation is gaining acceptance as an effective
therapy to attenuate disease pathology in atherosclerosis. The challenges of immune therapy are to identify specific antigens to activate
an atheroprotective immune response at different stages of disease and
to stabilize an unstable plaque. We have earlier shown that a oral tolerance to recombinant molecule expressing three peptides derived from
ApoB100, human HSP60 (hHSP60) and outer membrane protein
(OMP) of Chlamydia pneumonia (Cpn) (AHC) offers protection
against development of atherosclerosis in mice
Aims: To explore the effect of tolerance to three atherogenic peptides
expressed in AHC molecule in controlling advanced atherosclerosis
and inducing plaque stabilization in ApoBtm2Sgy/Ldlrtm1Her/J mice.
Methods: ApoBtm2Sgy/Ldlrtm1Her/J mice were fed a high-fat diet for
10 weeks, to establish lesion, orally dosed with AHC molecule or ovalbumin as control in the last 1.5 weeks, and continued this diet for the
next 12 weeks. Animals were sacrificed after 22 weeks HFD for the
assessment of plaque composition
Results: Histological analysis showed a comparable increase in lesion
area in the aortic sinus in both groups but the necrotic area reduced by
39.2% (P = 0.001) in AHC treated animals (16.5 1.2 vs.
10.5 0.5). We observed significant reduction in markers associated
with plaque instability in AHC treated animals. Expression of MMP9
(P = 0.006)), tissue factor (P = 0.001) and plaque apoptosis
(P = 0.035) were reduced while collagen content (P = 0.002) was sig-
96
ABSTRACTS
nificantly higher in AHC treated mice suggesting features of plaque

stabilization in these animals. Plaque stabilization was associated with
to decrease in adaptive immune response
Conclusion: Our results suggest that oral tolerance to three atherogenic
peptides derived from ApoB, HSP60 and Cpn outer membrane protein
can induce markers of stabilization in mice with advanced atherosclerosis. These results offer a novel therapeutic option for the stabilization of a vulnerable plaque.
OR009
Modulation of clinically relevant pathways by post
translation modification regulatory system in coronary
artery disease
Vangala RK, Sharma A and Ghatge M
Proteomics and Coagulation Unit, Thrombosis Research Institute,
Bangalore, India
Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the endemic diseases causing enormous social and economic loss however much
needed understanding of modulation of molecular pathways leading
to the disease are less understood.
Aims: In this study we tried to evaluate the post translational modification (PTM) regulatory mechanisms modulating the CAD associated
pathways and leading to identification of potential biomarkers and
drug targets.
Methods: CAD associated genes were extracted using manual curation
and most comprehensive datamining tools from clinical trials database
(clinicaltrials.gov), Uniprot, DrugBank, Ensembl, HPRD, CADgene
database MEDLINE and PUBMED. Further we have identified distribution of PTMs for CAD genes and the whole genome using Perl programming. Using PTMCODE2 database we have identified
significantly coevolving PTMs and constructed network of the same
using Cytoscape 3.0.1 and prioritized the PTMs based on network topological parameters degree distribution and betweenness centrality.
Using PhosphoPOINT database and based on frequency of specific PTM
inducing proteins we have identified potential biomarkers/ drug targets.
Results: We have identified 943 genes associated with CAD which had
a similar distribution of PTMs to that of whole genome. Further construction of network of PTMS suggested that serine phosphorylation,
threonine phosphorylation, acetylation and n-glycosylation are important regulatory PTMs. Based on the enzymes which modulate the network of above mentioned PTMs, we found 5 most important kinases
such as PRKCA, GSK3B, PRKCD, SRC and PRKACA to regulate
clinically relevant pathways associated to CAD.
Conclusion: We have identified 4 potential PTMs and the enzymes
which regulate theses PTMs in CAD. Further analysis of these kinases
may give important information regarding perturbation of these pathways in the disease onset and progression.
OR010
Gene centric analysis combined with network analysis
to identify genes associated with coronary artery
disease
Nair J1, Ghatge MK2, Shaker J1 and Kakkar VV3
1
Functional Genomics; 2Proteiomics and coagulation unit;
3
Thrombosis Research Institute, Bengaluru, India
Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is complex, influenced by
both genetic and environmental factors and causes perturbations
across multiple organ systems.
Aims: We prioritized genes for CAD using pathway and tissue specific
interaction network, supported by experimental validation in a casecontrol cohort.
Methods: We integrated the data obtained from CARDIoGRAMplusC4D consortium and global gene expression data sets derived from
GEO to identify genes associated with CAD. The prioritized genes
were then assigned pathways using ClueGO. Overlapping pathways
were used to construct Pathway Interaction Network (PIN), ranked
based on Jaccard index and visualised using Gephi. Genes within top
ranked pathways were used to construct the Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network. Further, a tissue specific PPI network was constructed to understand the interaction of these genes in different
tissues that are involved in the disease process. Expression of key genes
was experimentally validated in 50 CAD subjects and 50 controls.
Results: Analysis of GWAS and GEO data yielded 509 and 1459 genes
and belonged to 232 and 699 pathways, respectively. Top 23 pathways
having weighted degree > 4 included 208 genes that were used to construct a PPI network. Network analysis using topological parameters
like weighted degree, node degree and betweenness centrality helped in
identifying 16 key candidate genes (JUN, SMAD3, SMAD4, PTPN11,
VEGFA, FOS, VIM, EGF, FN1, SOS1, JAK1, MET, CDC42,
CDKN1A, MMP9 and NCK1). Tissue specific network analysis
showed that 80% of the key genes were expressed across all tissues,
signifying their contribution to CAD development. There was significant differential expression of these candidate genes in cases than in
the controls.
Conclusion: Pathway based interaction network is effective in identifying key genes for CAD and sheds light on their interaction across various tissues involved in the disease process.
Hemophilia clinical
OR011
Leopold trial results: correlation of von willebrand
factor antigen level with bay 81-8973 pharmacokinetic
parameters of patients with severe hemophilia A
Lalezari S1, Fuj Tii2, Kwong YL3, Delesen H4, Shah A5,
ckmantel C4, van Heerde W6 and Enriquez MM4
Tu
1
National Haemophilia Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center,
Tel-Hashomer, Israel; 2Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima,
Japan; 3Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong
Kong; 4Bayer Pharma AG, Wuppertal, Germany; 5Bayer
HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, Whippany, NJ, USA; 6Radboud
University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
Background: Increasing evidence suggests that endogenous von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF:Ag) levels have a significant effect on the
pharmacokinetics (PK) of factor VIII (FVIII) in patients with hemophilia A.
Aims: To evaluate the correlation of vWF:Ag level with FVIII PK
parameters in patients with severe hemophilia A receiving BAY 818973, Bayers new full-length recombinant FVIII
Methods: Analyses were performed using data from the open-label,
randomized LEOPOLD I and II trials, which evaluated PK, efficacy,
and safety of BAY 81-8973 in patients with severe hemophilia A. BAY
81-8973 PK parameters were measured using the FVIII one-stage clotting and chromogenic assays. Spearman rank correlations were used
to study the association between vWF:Ag level and BAY 81-8973 PK
parameters.
Results: A total of 28 patients (mean age, 31.6 years) from LEOPOLD
I (n = 25) and LEOPOLD II (n = 3) were evaluable for BAY 81-8973
PK correlation analyses. The median vWF level was 103.5%. A cutoff of 120% for high vWF was used similar to a previous study of
Lalezari et al (Haemophilia. 2014;20:e15-22). Geometric mean half-life
ABSTRACTS
was 1.5-fold higher in those with vWF:Ag levels 120% (17.9 h;
n = 9) vs < 120% (11.8 h; n = 19). Because the results were similar for
both assays, only one-stage assay results are reported here. vWF:Ag
level positively correlated with clearance-dependent BAY 81-8973 PK
parameters, including area under the curve (r = 0.73, P < 0.0001),
half-life (r = 0.77, P < 0.0001), mean residence time (r = 0.80,
P < 0.0001), and 48-h trough level (r = 0.81, P < 0.0001). vWF:Ag
level correlated negatively with BAY 81-8973 clearance (r = 0.79,
P < 0.0001). No significant correlation was observed with maximum
FVIII concentration.
Conclusion: BAY 81-8973 PK parameters significantly correlate with
vWF:Ag levels in patients with severe hemophilia A. High vWF levels
increased the half-life of BAY 81-8973 in circulation 1.5-fold compared with low vWF levels.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Lalezari Speaker Bureau of: Has been a
speaker for Bayer and has been reimbursed by Bayer and Pfizer for
meeting attendance, T. Fujii: None declared, Y. Kwong: None
declared, H. Delesen Employee of: Bayer Pharma AG, A. Shah
Employee of: Bayer HealthCare, C. T
uckmantel Employee of: Bayer
Pharma AG, W. van Heerde Consultant for: Bayer, M. Maas Enriquez Employee of: Bayer Pharma AG.
OR012
In haemophilic patients tfpi levels influence thrombin
generation profile and TFPI neutralization normalizes
thrombin generation potential
Tardy B1,2, Volot F3, Le Piot M1, Chapelle C1,2, Chambost H4,
Lienhart A5, Dutrillaux F6, Dargaud Y7, Morange P8, Mismetti P1
and Tardy B1,2
1
EA3065, Universite Jean Monnet; 2Inserm CIC1408, CHU Saint
egional Traitement de
Etienne, SAINT-ETIENNE; 3Centre R
lHempohilie, CHU Dijon, Dijon; 4Service dH
ematologie
e dH
ematologie
Pediatrique, CHU La Timone, Marseille; 5Unit
ematologie, CHU
Biologique, CHU Lyon, Lyon; 6Laboratoire dH
ematologie Biologique, CHU Lyon, Lyon;
Dijon, Dijon; 7Unite dH
8
INSERM UMR_S1062, Universit
e Aix Marseille, Marseille,
France
Background: TFPI is a potent direct inhibitor of factor Xa, inhibiting
the factor VIIa/TF complex in a factor Xa-dependent manner. TFPI
feedback inhibition of factor VIIa/TF is consistent with deficient factor Xa production in hemophilic plasma.
Aims: In this multicenter study, we evaluated the effect of TFPI on
thrombin generation (TG) parameters and the impact of TFPI neutralization on normalization of TG.
Methods: 101 hemophilic (H) patients (65 HA and 36 HB) were
included. TG was evaluated using the CAT system (Hemker, 2002) in
platelet-poor plasma (PPP) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) at low tissue factor (TF) concentration (1 pM) before and after adding antihuman TFPI antibody (A-TFPI Ab, R & D System) at 1 lg.mL1
final concentration. Blood was withdrawn into citrated Monovette
tubes (Sarstedt) containing corn trypsin inhibitor (CTI). Free TFPI
(fTFPI) levels were measured by ELISA (Stago). Correlations were
evaluated according to Spearmans R2 correlation coefficient and were
considered significant at P < 0.05 (*).
Results: In PPP, TG parameters endogenous thrombin potential
(ETP), thrombin peak (P) and velocity index (VI) were inversely correlated with fTFPI level irrespective of hemophilia severity. For ETP, P
and VI, R2 was respectively 0.299*, 0.312* and 0.318*. fTFPI levels
ranged from 5.3 to 26.5 ng.mL1 (Q1-Q3: 9.312.9). At fTFPI levels
above 12.9 ng.mL1, ETP and P were significantly lower than at levels
under 12.9. In PRP, LT was correlated with fTFPI irrespective of
hemophilia severity (R2 = 0.160*). This correlation was much stronger
for severe HA (R2 = 0.407*). In patients with severe HA, both ETP
97
and P were inversely correlated with fTFPI (R2 = 0.200* and

R2 = 0.247* respectively). A-TFPI Ab reduced LT by 65% in PRP.
Moreover, blocking TFPI by A-TFPI Ab led to complete normalization of TG profile both in PRP and in PPP, irrespective of hemophilia
severity.
Conclusion: fTFPI greatly influences TG potential in hemophilic
patients.
OR013
DDAVP in moderate hemophilia a patients: a treatment
strategy worth considering
Loomans J1, Van Velzen AS1, Peters M1, Kruip MJ2, McRae S3,
Carcao M4, Peerlinck K5, Jackson S6, Klamroth R7, Nijziel M8,
Keenan RD9, Mancuso ME10, Van der Bom JG11, Fijnvandraat K1
and On behalf of RISE consortium
1
Pediatric Hematology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam;
2
Department of Hematology, Erasmus Medical Center,
Rotterdam, Netherlands; 3Hematology Day Center, Royal
Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia; 4Department of
Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada;
5
Haemophilia Treatment Center, University Hospital Leuven,
Leuven, Belgium; 6Division of Hematology, St. Pauls Hospital,
Vancouver, Canada; 7Department of Hematology, Vivantes
Klinikum im Friedrichshain, Berlin, Germany; 8Hemophilia
Treatment Center, Maxima Medical Center Eindhoven/
Veldhoven, Eindhoven, Netherlands; 9Alder Hey Childrens
Hospital, Royal Liverpool Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK;
10
A. Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, IRCCS
Maggiore Hospital Foundation and University of Milan, Milan,
Italy; 11Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University
Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
Background: DDAVP increases factor VIII activity (FVIII:C) in
patients with nonsevere hemophilia A (HA). However, there is a large
inter-individual variation in the response to DDAVP. A peak FVIII:
C > 30 IU dL1 is considered to be adequate for treatment in case of
minor bleeding. Patients with a lower baseline FVIII:C show reduced
response rates compared to patients with a higher baseline FVIII:C.
Moderate HA patients (baseline FVIII:C 25 IU dL1) might therefore be less frequently tested for or treated with DDAVP. As DDAVP
is an important therapeutic modality in HA we evaluated the response
in moderate HA patients.
Aims: To describe the response to DDAVP in moderate HA patients.
Methods: The RISE study is an international cohort study including
data of 1210 nonsevere HA patients with known DDAVP response
that received DDAVP between 1980 and 2012. Patients were defined
as moderate if their baseline FVIII:C on the day of DDAVP administration was 25 IU dL1. Main outcome is the response to DDAVP,
based on the highest measured FVIII:C after administration, defined
as: complete (CR; FVIII:C > 50 IU dL1), partial (PR; FVIII:C 30
50 IU dL1) or no response (none of the above).
Results: In this analysis we included all 81 patients with moderate HA
among the patients of the RISE study. Median baseline FVIII:C was
4 IU dL1 (IQR 35). In the total group the median peak FVIII:C
after DDAVP administration was 18 IU dL1 (IQR 926). CR
occurred in 2 patients (2%), peak FVIII:C was 57 IU dL1 and
51 IU dL1 respectively. Fifteen patients (19%) showed a PR, median
peak FVIII was 35 IU dL1 (IQR 3242) while all other patients
(n = 64, 79%) did not show a response.
Conclusion: In 21% of the patients in this European/Australian/Canadian cohort of moderate hemophilia A patients, the DDAVP response
was adequate for treatment in case of minor bleeding or trauma.
98
ABSTRACTS
Therefore, it is important to perform a DDAVP test in patients with

moderate hemophilia A.
OR014
The impact of patient adherence on FVIII levels: a
comparison of RFVIII and RFVIII-FC regimens
Epstein J1, Schwartz E1, Xiong Y1, Reininger A2 and Gringeri A2
1
Baxter, Westlake Village, USA; 2Baxter, Vienna, Austria
Background: Because adherence is a multi-factorial behavior, it is
unknown how fewer infusions may or may not affect it. Therefore, it is
important to understand the impact of adherence to rFVIII and
rFVIII-Fc regimens on FVIII levels.
Aims: To evaluate time above and below specific FVIII levels for
patients missing 1 or 2 doses per month for rFVIII and rFVIII-Fc prophylactic regimens.
Methods: A literature-based model was developed. Factor levels were
estimated using a one-compartment pharmacokinetic model (Collins
2010). Half-life and incremental recovery were taken from a crossover
study of rFVIII and rFVIII-Fc (Young 2013). The following prophylaxis regimens were evaluated: 35 IU kg1 rFVIII, 3x/week;
50 IU kg1 rFVIII-Fc, Q4D; and 50 IU kg1 rFVIII-Fc, Q5D. The
model ran for 1 month and simulated the impact of missing one or
two doses per month on each regimen. Each scenario modeled was
compared on the following metrics: time below 1% and 3% and time
above 10% and 20% for the average week.
Results: A patient missing one or two doses on rFVIII was estimated
to have 11.6 and 23.2 fewer hours per week below 1% and 2.9 and
17 h fewer hours per week below 3% compared to missing one or two
doses on rFVIIIFc Q4D. This difference increased to 23.6 and 47.2
fewer hours below 1% and 30.1 and 46.1 fewer hours below 3% for a
patient missing one or two doses on rFVIIIFc Q5D. A patient would
also have 7.3 and 14.3 more hours above 10% and 1.7 and 7 more
hours above 20% factor levels when missing one or two doses per
month on rFVIII compared to rFVIIIFc dosed Q4D. This increased
to 24 and 31 more hours above 10% and 13.6 and 19 more hours
above 20% for a patient missing one or two doses on rFVIIIFc Q5D.
Conclusion: This model suggests that a patient who is not fully adherent on rFVIII may have less FVIII protection on rFVIII-Fc dosed
every four or five days. Physicians should consider this information
before prescribing rFVIII-Fc for a patient who is not fully adherent.
Disclosure of Interest: J. Epstein: None Declared, E. Schwartz Shareholder of: Baxter, Employee of: Baxter, Y. Xiong Shareholder of: Baxter, Employee of: Baxter, A. Reininger Shareholder of: Baxter,
Employee of: Baxter, A. Gringeri Shareholder of: Baxter, Employee
of: Baxter.
OR015
Functional effects of F8 missense mutations on
DDAVP response in nonsevere hemophilia A brothers
Loomans J1, Van Velzen AS1, Tanck MW2, Peters M1,
Santagostino E3, Santoro C4, Meijer K5, Beckers EA6,
Rangarajan S7, Yee TT8, Petrini P9, Castaman G10, Van der
Bom JG11, Fijnvandraat K1 and On behalf of RISE consortium
1
Pediatric Hematology; 2Department of Clinical Epidemiology
and Biostatistics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam,
Netherlands; 3A. Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis
Centre, IRCCS Maggiore Hospital Foundation and University of
Milan, Milan; 4Dipartimento di Biotechnologi Cellulari e
Ematologia Sezione Ematologia, La Sapienza Hospital, Rome,
Italy; 5Department of Hematology, Universitair Medisch Centrum
Groningen, Groningen; 6Hemophilia Treatment Center,
Academisch Ziekenhuis Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands;
7
Haemophilia Reference Centre, St. Thomas Hospital; 8Katharine
Dormandy Haemophilia Centre, Royal Free Hospital, London,
UK; 9Hemophilia Treatment Centre, Karolinska Hospital,
Stockholm, Sweden; 10Department of Cell therapy and
Hematology, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy; 11Department
of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center,
Leiden, Netherlands
Background: Large inter-individual variation in DDAVP response is
observed in nonsevere hemophilia A patients. Further analysis of
known determinants of the response may support understanding of
the exact mode of action and optimal clinical use of DDAVP. F8
mutation may influence the response to DDAVP in nonsevere hemophilia A patients.
Aims: To evaluate whether the functional effects of F8 missense mutations influence the response to DDAVP.
Methods: The RISE study is an international cohort study including
data of 1210 nonsevere hemophilia A patients from Europe, Canada
and Australia with known DDAVP test results. We defined absolute
response to DDAVP as the difference between baseline factor VIII
(FVIII:C) and the peak level of FVIII:C following DDAVP administration. Missense mutations are classified according to the domains of
the FVIII protein (respectively A1, A2, A3, B, C1 and C2) in which
they are located. We compared the association between genotype and
absolute response to DDAVP using linear regression with Generalized
Estimating Equations (GEE) to correct for the relatedness between
brothers.
Results: For this analysis, 76 patients from 37 families with known F8
missense mutations were included. They displayed 24 different missense mutations. Median FVIII:C before and after DDAVP was
respectively 18 (IQR 1025) and 57 (IQR 3988) IU dL1. Missense
mutations in the A1, A2, A3 and B domain were associated with an
absolute increase in FVIII:C upon DDAVP administration
(P 0.002). Missense mutations in the C1 and C2 domains were not
associated with an absolute increase in FVIII:C following DDAVP
(P > 0.05). As the functional effects of mutations in the C1 and C2
domain of the F8 gene mainly involve von Willebrand factor binding
this may influence DDAVP response.
Conclusion: Defects in the C1 and C2 domain of the F8 gene associate
with a lack of DDAVP response. This may be due to reduction in factor VIII binding to von Willebrand factor, caused by the underlying
mutation.
ABSTRACTS
Anti-platelets basic
OR016
Ticagrelor and clopidogrel attenuate the prothrombotic
state induced by bacterial endotoxemia
Thomas MR1, Ajjan RA2, Phoenix F2, Outteridge SN1, Judge HM1,
Dockrell DH3, Sabroe I3 and Storey RF1
1
Sheffield; 2Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic
Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds; 3Department of Infection
and Immunity, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
Background: In the PLATO study, the novel platelet P2Y12 inhibitor
ticagrelor was unexpectedly associated with fewer deaths following
pulmonary infections and sepsis than clopidogrel.
Aims: To determine whether greater P2Y12 inhibition by ticagrelor
compared to clopidogrel would result in greater reduction in plateletleukocyte interactions, thereby reducing inflammatory responses and
the prothrombotic state associated with systemic inflammation.
Methods: Thirty healthy volunteers were randomized to ticagrelor
90 mg bd (n = 10), clopidogrel 75 mg od (n = 10) or no antiplatelet
medications (controls; n = 10) for one week. E. coli endotoxin (LPS)
2 ng kg1 was then administered intravenously. Plasma fibrin clot
structure was assessed ex vivo using a validated turbidimetric assay
and D-dimer was measured using the INNOVANCE assay. Informed
consent was obtained. The study was approved by a medical ethics
committee and funded by the Medical Research Council (UK).
Results: In the control group, fibrin clot maximum absorbance (an
indicator of fibrin clot density), increased by 109 37% at 6 h after
LPS administration compared to baseline (P < 0.001). The percentage
increase in maximum absorbance was significantly lower in the ticagrelor group (33 19%; P = 0.02) compared to control, but was not significantly lower in the clopidogrel group (67 20%; P = 0.20). In the
control group, plasma levels of the fibrin degradation product D-dimer
increased from 192 36 lg L1 at baseline to a peak of
2217 447 lg L1 at 4 h after LPS (P < 0.001). Peak levels of Ddimer were 48% lower in the ticagrelor group (P < 0.001) and 19%
lower in the clopidogrel group (P = 0.01) compared to control.
Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first study to show that ticagrelor reduces prothrombotic changes in fibrin clot structure
induced by bacterial endotoxaemia in vivo. The greater potency of the
effects of ticagrelor compared to clopidogrel provides a potential
mechanism for the reduced mortality following sepsis observed in the
PLATO study.
OR017
Platelet signaling and endothelial FC gamma receptor
iib are both required for antibody-induced glycoprotein
VI ectodomain shedding in vivo
tting S1,2, Engelbert
Stegner D1,2, Popp M1,2, Lorenz V1,2, Du
Gessner J3 and Nieswandt B1,2
1
Chair of Vascular Medicine, University Hospital W
urzburg;
2
Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine,
rzburg, Wu
rzburg; 3Molecular Immunology
University of Wu
Research Unit, Clinic for Immunology and Rheumatology,
Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
Background: The activatory collagen receptor glycoprotein (GP) VI
contributes to normal hemostasis, but also to occlusive thrombus formation. The anti-GPVI antibody JAQ1 induces downregulation of the
receptor in circulating platelets through ectodomain shedding accompanied by a transient thrombocytopenia in vivo. JAQ1-injection into
99
mice lacking LAT or PLCc2 triggered GPVI-internalization without

affecting platelet counts. Fc gamma receptors (FccR) bind IgG antibodies and might thereby contribute to the in vivo effects of JAQ1.
Mice bear three different activating FccR (I, III and IV), which are
expressed on different immune cells. FccRIIb, the only inhibitory
FccR in mice, is present on various immune cells and some endothelial
cells, but not on platelets.
Aims: We speculated that FccRs on cells other than platelets might
contribute to JAQ1-triggered effects in vivo.
Methods: We studied the in vivo effects of JAQ1 in mice pre-treated
with the FccRIIb/RIII blocking antibody 2.4G2 and in genetically
modified mice.
Results: 2.4G2 pre-treatment or FccRIIb-deficiency, but not the lack
of FccRIII, prevented JAQ1-induced thrombocytopenia and the
appearance of soluble GPVI (sGPVI) in plasma. Histological analyses
revealed that the transient thrombocytopenia was caused by FccRIIbdependent platelet sequestration in the liver. Kupffer cell depletion did
not prevent the JAQ1-induced effects, indicating a contribution of
endothelial cells in this process. To assess the role of platelet GPVI signaling, mice lacking Syk only in platelets were challenged with JAQ1.
In the absence of Syk no sGPVI was detectable in plasma and the transient thrombocytopenia was abolished.
Conclusion: Our data demonstrate that anti-GPVI antibody triggered
transient thrombocytopenia and the release of sGPVI from circulating
platelets depend on 1) platelet GPVI signaling and 2) endothelial
FccRIIb.
OR018
Small molecule DCDBS84 regulates platelet thrombus
formation by targeting C-SRC SH3 domain
Long Z1, Zhu K2, Huang J1, Shi X1, Liu J2, Yang J1, Xiao B1, Li L2,
Ding H2, Wen Y2, Zhang N2, Jiang H2, Ruan Z1, Luo C2 and Xi X1
1
State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of
Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University
School of Medicine; 2Drug Discovery and Design Center, State
Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia
Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
Background: Selective inhibition of outside-in signaling is achieved by
disrupting the interaction of integrin b3 cytoplasmic tail with c-Src by
the RGT peptide through a binding site lying in the N-Src loop of
the SH3 domain. However, in vivo experimental data are needed to
assess the applicability of this strategy in antithrombotic therapy.
Aims: The present study aims to design and evaluate the small molecules mimicking the active structure of the RGT peptide that can selectively inhibit outside-in signaling-regulated platelet functions by
targeting c-Src and finally enable the in vivo experiments.
Methods: The small molecule DCDBS84 was selected by means of the
structure-based in silico screening approaches. The affinity of
DCDBS84 binding to the c-Src SH3 was measured by SPR, and its
binding site was mapped by NMR. Immunoprecipitation and pulldown assays were employed to determine whether DCDBS84 disrupts
the b3/c-Src interaction. The effect of DCDBS84 on the typical platelet
outside-in and inside-out signaling events was also tested. The in vivo
thrombotic and hemostatic potential in the presence of DCDBS84 was
evaluated in mice using the FeCl3-induced artery thrombosis model
and tail transection.
Results: DCDBS84 bound to the N-Src loop of the c-Src SH3
domain in NMR, with a Kd value at approximately 980 nM. This
small molecule unequivocally disrupted the b3/c-Src interaction both
in immunoprecipitation and pull-down assays. It also dose-dependently caused an inhibitory effect on platelet functions mediated by
outside-in signaling, but not those by inside-out signaling. of note,
DCDBS84 could effectively suppress occlusive thrombus formation
100
ABSTRACTS
after artery injury by FeCl3 without affecting bleeding time and blood
loss.
Conclusion: The present work provides the first in vivo evidence that
targeting the c-Src SH3 domain results in a phenotype that substantially compromises in thrombotic potential without bleeding diathesis
and may thus represent a rational choice for the future antithrombotic
therapy.
OR019
Congenital severe deficiency or pharmacological
inhibition of the platelet P2Y12 receptor for adenosine
diphosphate does not impair the capacity of platelet to
synthesize thromboxane A2
Scavone M1, Femia EA1, Caroppo V1 and Cattaneo M1,2
1
Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Universita Degli Studi Di
Milano; 2Medicina III, Ospedale San Paolo, Milano, Italy
Background: Patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) are treated with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and antagonists of the P2Y12 receptor (P2Y12R) for adenosine diphosphate. It was surmised that they
might be treated with P2Y12R-antagonists only, based on the demonstration that these drugs inhibit thromboxane-A2 (TxA2) production
(target of ASA). However, this demonstration contrasts with the
observation that platelets congenitally deficient of P2Y12R normally
synthesize TxA2.
Aims: To test whether P2Y12R-antagonists have off-target/indirect
inhibitory effects on TxA2 production.
Methods: Serum TxB2 (TxA2 metabolite immunoassay) levels were
measured in 3 patients with congenital P2Y12R deficiency and 7
healthy subjects (in presence/absence of P2Y12R-antagonists), and in
20 patients treated with prasugrel (10 mg q.i.d.) for 14 days. Arachidonic acid (AA, 1 mM) and collagen (0.510 lg mL1) induced platelet aggregation (PA, light transmission aggregometry) and TxB2
production were measured in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) of healthy
subjects in presence of P2Y12R-antagonists (alone or with ASA) or a
P2Y1R-antagonist (MRS2500).
Results: P2Y12R-deficient patients and healthy subjects have similar
serum TxB2 levels, not decreased by P2Y12R-antagonists in vitro.
Prasugrel treated patients showed normal serum levels of TxB2. AAand collagen-induced PA and TxB2 production in PRP were inhibited
by P2Y12R-antagonists. However, P2Y12R-antagonists did not inhibit
TxB2 production when PA was prevented by avoiding the stirring of
PRP in the aggregometer. MRS2500 had similar effects on PA and
TxB2 production as P2Y12R-antagonists. ASA inhibited TxB2 production more effectively than a P2Y12R-antagonist; only the combination
of ASA and a P2Y12R-antagonist inhibited PA induced
by 10 lg mL1 collagen.
Conclusion: Congenital deficiency or pharmacological inhibition of
P2Y12R does not affect the platelet capacity to synthesize TxA2. There
is no pharmacological evidence that ACS patients may be safely treated with P2Y12R-antagonists without ASA.
OR020
The P2Y12 antagonist act-246475 causes less blood
loss than ticagrelor at comparable antithrombotic
efficacy in a rat thrombosis model
Rey M1, Hess P2, Morrison K2, Weber E2, Clozel M2,
Riederer MA3 and Steiner B3
1
DD Pharmacology, Actelion Pharmaceuticals; 2DD
Pharmacology; 3DD Biology, Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd,
Allschwil, Switzerland
Background: The P2Y12 receptor is a validated target for prevention of
major adverse vascular events in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS), as shown by clopidogrel which leads to irreversible
receptor blockade. Reversible P2Y12 receptor antagonists have the
potential to further improve efficacy without increasing the bleeding
risk. Such a profile is considered critical since a post-hoc analysis of
several ACS trials revealed that major bleedings are associated with
increased long-term mortality.
Aims: To compare two reversible P2Y12 antagonists, ACT-246475 and
ticagrelor, in a thrombosis model by determining antithrombotic efficacy and effect on surgical blood loss.
Methods: Blood flow velocity in the rat carotid artery after FeCl3induced thrombus formation was quantified using a Doppler flow
probe. In parallel, blood loss after surgical wounding was quantified in
the same rats.
Results: ACT-246475 and ticagrelor prevented FeCl3-induced reduction of blood flow in a dose-dependent manner. At the highest doses
tested both antagonists completely abolished thrombus formation in
the carotid artery as evaluated by histology. At comparable antithrombotic efficacy, ACT-246475 caused about 3-times less surgical
blood loss than ticagrelor. To explain this surprising difference
between the two P2Y12 antagonists, their effects on the regulation of
vascular tone were compared. Ticagrelor, but not ACT-246475,
induced vasorelaxation of pre-contracted rat femoral arteries and
inhibited constriction induced by electrical field stimulation or by
phenylephrine.
Conclusion: ACT-246475 showed a 3-times wider therapeutic window
than ticagrelor in a rat thrombosis model. Both compounds are reversible P2Y12 antagonists but clearly differ in their off-target effects. As a
consequence, ACT-246475 at comparable antithrombotic efficacy
causes clearly less blood loss than ticagrelor probably because it does
not interfere with the regulation of vascular tone.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Rey Employee of: Actelion Pharmaceuticals
Ltd., P. Hess Employee of: Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd., K. Morrison Employee of: Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd., E. Weber Employee
of: Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd., M. Clozel Employee of: Actelion
Pharmaceuticals Ltd., M. Riederer Employee of: Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd., B. Steiner Employee of: Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
ABSTRACTS
VWD classification, subtypes I

OR021
Genotyping of VWD patients in the netherlands:
phenotype-genotype discrepancies and 27 novel VWF
gene mutations
Boender J1, Sanders Y1, van Heerde W2, Cnossen M3, van
Gorkom BL4, Fijnvandraat K5, Schoormans S2, Dors N6, van der
Bom J7,8, Meijer K9, Mauser-Bunschoten E10, Eikenboom J11,12,
Leebeek F1 and On behalf of WIN study group
1
Rotterdam, 2Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud
university medical center, Nijmegen; 3Department of Pediatric
Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center - Sophia
Childrens Hospital, Rotterdam; 4Department of Hematology,
Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen; 5Department of
Pediatric Hematology, Emma Childrens Hospital, Academic
Medical Center, Amsterdam; 6Department of Pediatrics,
Catharina Hospital Eindhoven, Eindhoven; 7Department of
Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center; 8Jon J
van Rood Center for Clinical Transfusion Medicine, Sanquin
Research, Leiden; 9Department of Hematology, University
Medical Center Groningen, Groningen; 10Van Creveldkliniek/
Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht,
Utrecht; 11Department of Thrombosis and Hemostasis;
12
Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine,
Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
Background: Genotyping von Willebrand factor (VWF) gene in von
Willebrand disease (VWD) patients is not yet routinely performed in
clinical practice, but may be indicated for improving diagnosis of
VWD, determining subtype and for genetic counseling.
Aims: To identify VWF gene mutations in a large cohort of moderate
and severe VWD patients in order to perform phenotype-genotype
analysis.
Methods: VWF gene mutation analysis was previously performed in
199 of 804 patients with moderate and severe VWD (VWF levels
30 IU dL1) included in the nationwide Willebrand in the Netherlands (WIN) study. Mutation analysis was performed using Sanger
sequencing of all 52 exons including exon-intron boundaries in 54
patients; 28 exons in 127 patients; a varying number of exons in 16
patients; and only exon 28 specific for type 2B VWD in 2 patients.
Genotyping was performed as routine practice in some hemophilia
treatment centers (n = 143), in case of diagnostic difficulty (n = 42) or
for research purposes (n = 14). Genotypes were compared with
patients phenotypic classification using the current ISTH criteria.
VWF:Ag, VWF:Act, VWF:CB, FVIII:C and multimers were determined in a central laboratory. Medical Ethics Committee approval
and informed consent were obtained.
Results: Mutations were identified in 36/60 type 1 patients, 110/111
type 2 and 25/28 type 3 patients. We observed phenotype-genotype
discrepancies for 10% of patients: 6 patients with a type 2 mutation
had a VWF:Act/VWF:Ag ratio > 0.7, 4 with type 2B mutations had
normal ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation tests, and the R1205H
Vicenza mutation was found in 5 phenotypic type 3 and 3 type 2A
VWD patients. of 75 mutations identified, 27 were novel: 4 in type 1,
11 in type 2, and 10 in type 3 patients. In 26 (22 type 1) patients no
causative mutation was found.
Conclusion: We provide further insight in the molecular background of
VWD and illustrate the difficulties of VWD classification using only
phenotype. Genotyping VWF may improve diagnosis and classification of VWD.
Disclosure of Interest: J. Boender: None Declared, Y. Sanders Paid
Instructor at: educational activities of Baxter, W. van Heerde Grant/
Research Support from: unrestricted educational grants from Bayer,
101
Baxter and CSL Behring, M. Cnossen Grant/Research Support from:

unrestricted research/educational funding for various projects from
the following companies: Bayer Schering Pharma, Baxter, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer and Novartis, B. Laros-van Gorkom Grant/Research Support from: unrestricted educational grants from Baxter and CSL
Behring, Speaker Bureau of: Sanquin, K. Fijnvandraat Grant/
Research Support from: unrestricted research grants from CSL Behring and Bayer, Employee of: member of the European Hemophilia
Treatment and Standardisation Board sponsored by Baxter, S.
Schoormans: None Declared, N. Dors: None Declared, J. van der
Bom Grant/Research Support from: unrestricted research/educational
funding for various projects from the following companies: Bayer
Schering Pharma, Baxter, CSL Behring, Novo Nordisk and Pfizer,
Consultant for: Baxter and Pfizer, Paid Instructor at: educational
activities of Bayer Schering Pharma, K. Meijer Grant/Research Support from: received research support from Bayer and Baxter,
Employee of: was a member of the Dutch hemophilia advisory board
of CSL Behring, E. Mauser-Bunschoten Grant/Research Support
from: received research support from CSL Behring, Bayer, Baxter,
Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, Sanquin and Griffols, J. Eikenboom Grant/
Research Support from: received research support from CSL Behring,
Paid Instructor at: educational activities of Roche, F. Leebeek Grant/
Research Support from: research support from the Dutch Hemophilia
Foundation (Stichting Hemophilia) and CSL Behring (unrestricted
grant) for performing the WiN-study, Consultant for: served on advisory boards of CSL Behring and Baxter.
OR022
Case study of two consanguineous brothers with type
3 von willebrand disease (VWD), inhibitors and
anaphylactoid reaction to VWF
Dangelo L1, Platt CD2,3, Broyles AD2,3, Neufeld EJ1,3 and
Croteau SE1,3
1
Hematology-Oncology; 2Allergy/Immunology, Boston
Childrens Hospital; 3Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
Background: Type 3 vWD is a rare bleeding disorder affecting only
0.30.5 per million persons. The development of alloantibodies against
vWF is an infrequent but serious complication of treatment of vWD
and can be complicated by severe or life-threatening anaphylactic/anaphylactoid reactions when reexposed to vWF.
Aims: To describe therapeutic strategies for bleed management, allergen tolerance, and inhibitor eradication.
Methods: Two sibs ages 9 and 5, born to first cousin parents, came to
our center in 2012 for treatment of Type 3 VWD. Diagnosed overseas
after an older sib died of bleeding, both sibs had > 15 infusions of Wilate before coming to the US and reported mild respiratory distress
with infusions, treated with albuterol. Despite attempted prophylaxis
first with Humate-P and then Wilate, bleeding symptoms persisted
and more severe anaphylactoid symptoms to both vWF products
developed for each boy.
Results: Hemostasis regimen of aminocaproic acid and rFVIIa was
moderately effective. Pre-procedure platelet infusion was successfully
used for the younger, with rationale of vWF stored in transfused platelet alpha granule protecting from the alloantibody. A desensitization
protocol was successfully developed for each brother and immune tolerance therapy (ITI) was initiated with daily mycophenolate mofetil
(MMF)/Wilate. Persistent high-titer inhibitor after 6 months
prompted change to Rituximab. Genetic evaluation revealed a shared,
homozygous deletion in VWF gene c.658_7887del (p.G220_L2629del).
Exons 7-47 of the VWF gene could not be amplified, indicating homozygous deletion of a large portion of the VWF gene.
Conclusion: Bleed management in patients with inhibitors and anaphylactoid symptoms to the missing protein is challenging. Use of antifibrinolytic agents, platelets, and rFVIIa provides hemostasis.
102
ABSTRACTS
Desensitization to vWF is possible. Regimens for inhibitor eradication

in type 3 vWD are poorly described. Our attempt with MMF failed;
response to Rituximab is pending.
Disclosure of Interest: L. Dangelo Consultant for: Baxter, Octapharma, Pfizer, C. Platt: None Declared, A. Dioun Broyles: None
Declared, E. Neufeld Grant/Research Support from: Octapharma,
Novo Nordisk, Novartis, and Baxter, Consultant for: Novo Nordisk,
Baxter, Biogen-Idec, Pfizer; Data Safety Monitoring Boards for Bayer,
Pfizer and rEVO Biologics, S. Croteau Grant/Research Support from:
2014 Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research Society/Novo Nordisk
Clinical Fellowship Award in Hemophilia and Rare Bleeding Disorders, supported by Novo Nordisk and a 2014-2016 National Hemophilia Foundation (NHF)-Baxter Clinical Fellowship, supported by
Baxter, Consultant for: Pfizer and Octapharma.
OR023
Abnormal angiogenesis in type 2A and 2B von
willebrand disease (VWD): comparative studies of
quantitative and qualitative VWD using blood
outgrowth endothelial cells
Casey L1, Bowman ML1, Selvam SN1 and James P2
1
Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine; 2Department
of Medicine, Queens University, Kingston, Canada
Background: Angiodysplasia of the gastrointestinal tract has been
associated with VWD. Recently, von Willebrand factor (VWF) has
been identified as a negative regulator of angiogenesis.
Aims: The current study explores the effect of VWF mutations on
angiogenic behavior using blood outgrowth endothelial cells (BOEC)
from patients with all types and subtypes of VWD.
Methods: Queens University provided ethical approval and patient
consent was obtained. BOEC were isolated from 5 healthy controls
and 8 VWD patients, comprising two type 1 (C633R and
D75_G178del mutations), one type 2A (2377fsX), one 2B (V1316M),
one 2M (L1383P), one 2N (R854Q) and two type 3 (C633R and
Q419X/S293 fs). BOEC were analyzed for angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2)
secretion via ELISA (n = 3 each) and storage using confocal immunofluorescence (IF). To explore angiogenic potential, proliferation at
144 h and matrix protein adhesion was assessed (n = 3 each).
Results: Ang-2 secretion was increased significantly compared to controls (6 ng mL1) in type 2A (11 ng mL1, P = 0.005), type 2B
(11 ng mL1, P = 0.002), one type 1 (16 ng mL1, P < 0.0001) and
one type 3 BOEC (12 ng mL1, P < 0.0001). Confocal IF demonstrated intact Ang-2 storage in Weibel-Palade bodies in all cells except
type 2B and 3 BOEC. Proliferation was increased in type 2A (52200
cells, P < 0.05) and 2B BOEC (55100 cells, P < 0.05) compared to the
control mean (40900 cells). However, a reduction in cell number
occurred in both type 1 BOEC (26600 and 25000 cells, P < 0.05).
Adhesion to collagen did not differ between BOEC, but VWF binding
was increased from controls (6% bound) in the type 2B (10% bound,
P < 0.05), 2M (11% bound, P < 0.05), 2N (15% bound, P = 0.0005),
both type 1 (18% and 11% bound, P < 0.02) and one type 3 (18%
bound, P < 0.0001) BOEC.
Conclusion: Despite great variability in BOEC angiogenic behavior
across and within VWD subtypes, types 2A and 2B BOEC were the
most abnormal compared with the controls. This may explain the
apparent increase in clinical prevalence of angiodysplasia in type 2A
and 2B VWD patients.
Disclosure of Interest: L. Casey: None Declared, M. Bowman: None
Declared, S. Selvam: None Declared, P. James Grant/Research Support from: CSL Behring, Bayer and Octapharma, Consultant for: CSL
Behring and Octapharma.
OR024
Type 2N von willebrand disease: one variant but more
than one disease
Goudemand J1,2, Zawadzki C1, Boisseau P3, Ternisien C4,
Caron C1, Volot F5, Pouymayou K6, Pan-Petesch B7, Castet S8,
Veyradier A9,10, Fressinaud E11, Susen S1,2 and On behalf of
French Reference Center for VWD
1
Hematologie Biologique, CHRU Lille; 2Hematologie, Universite
Lille2, Lille; 3Laboratoire de genetique moleculaire;
4
Hematologie Biologique, CHU Nantes, Nantes; 5Hematologie
Biologique, CHU Dijon, Dijon; 6Hematologie Biologique, APHM, Marseille; 7Hematologie Biologique, CHU Brest, Brest;
8
Hematologie, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux; 9Hematologie
Biologique, AP-HP Lariboisi
ere; 10Hematologie, Universite
11
etre, France
Paris7, Paris; U1176, INSERM, Le Kremlin-Bic^
Background: Type 2N von Willebrand disease (VWD2N) is a qualitative variant defined by a markedly decreased binding of VWF to FVIII
(VWF:FVIIIB) and a recessive inheritance.
Aims: To evaluate in a large cohort of patients (pts) identified as type
2N VWD by the French Reference center for VWD the relationship
between phenotypic and molecular features and the clinical expression.
Methods: Pts with VWF:FVIIIB severely reduced were enrolled. Genotypic analyses were centralized. The clinical data including the Tosetto
bleeding score (BS) were collected.
Results: 102 pts (88 families) were fully characterized. The F/M ratio is
1.7, the median (range) age is 38 (787) year, the BS is 5 (-2-27). VWF
gene analysis showed that the p.R854Q mutation is present in 93 pts
(91%) who are either homozygous (Hz) (A1; n:43) or compound heterozygous (CHz) for a silent allele (sa) (A2; 41) or for another type 2N
mutation (A3; 9). The 9 last patients (B) are Hz for a non p.R854Q 2N
mutation (4) or CHz for a non p.R854Q mutation and a sa (5). The
FVIII:C differs significantly among A1, A2, A3 and B: 23 (1245), 17
(735), 20 (436), 4 (27) % respectively. The BS increases gradually
from 2 (-212) in A1, 5 (014) in A2, 6 (211) in A3, 14 (627) in B.
These differences are statistically significant (except A2 vs A3). Taking
into account all available data, it is possible to classify the 102 pts into
3 categories (i) A1 pts (42%) have only a moderate FVIII:C deficiency,
few spontaneous bleeding symptoms, few therapeutic needs (42% were
never treated) (ii) B pts (< 10%) have very low FVIII levels, severe
bleeding symptoms, frequent needs for replacement therapy (iii) A2
and A3 pts (50%) constitute an intermediate category: compared to
A1 they have slightly lower FVIII rates (associated in some cases with
low VWF:RCo), more frequent bleeding symptoms and more therapeutic needs.
Conclusion: Type 2N VWD variant cannot be reduced to a single disease.
ABSTRACTS
OR025
Heterogeneity of von willebrand disease type 3 in a
french cohort of 75 patients
Boisseau P1, Fressinaud E2, Ternisien C3, Caron C4, BorelDerlon A5, Trossaert M3, Lavenu-Blombed C6, Rothschild C7,
Beziau S1,8, Susen S4,9, Veyradier A10,11, Goudemand J4,9 and On
behalf of French Reference Center for VWD
1
Laboratoire de Genetique Moleculaire, CHU Nantes, Nantes;
2
U1176, INSERM, Le Kremlin-Bic^
etre; 3Hematologie Biologique,
CHU Nantes, Nantes; 4Hematologie Biologique, CHRU Lille,
Lille; 5Hematologie Biologique, CHU Caen, Caen; 6Hematologie
Biologique, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bic^
etre; 7Hematologie, AP-HP
Necker, Paris; 8Genetique, Universite de Nantes, Nantes;
9
Hematologie, Universite LIlle2, Lille; 10Hematologie Biologique,
AP-HP Lariboisiere; 11Hematologie, Universite Paris7, Paris,
France
Background: von Willebrand disease type 3 (VWD3), inherited as an
autosomal recessive trait, is due to an almost complete deficiency of
von Willebrand factor (VWF).
Aims: The clinical, phenotypic and molecular features of VWD3
patients (pts) from the cohort of the French Reference center for
VWD were analyzed to better consider the heterogeneity.
Methods: Clinical data including the bleeding score (BS) and phenotypic data (FVIII, VWF:Ag levels and VWF multimer analysis) were
compared to whole coding sequence VWF gene analysis including
large genomic rearrangements screening.
Results: 75 pts (gender 31M/44F) were diagnosed VWD3. We found
72 distinct mutations (65% new). In 9 pts (12%), only one mutant
allele was characterized. We distinguished 2 groups. Group A included
61 pts (81%) exhibiting FVIII 5 UI dL1, undetectable VWF:Ag
levels, absence of whole range of plasma multimers; the median age at
diagnosis was 11 months (range birth-29 years); the median BS was 17
(range 234); 34 pts (55%) benefit of long term prophylaxis (LTP) and
4 (6.5%) developed an inhibitor. Group B included 14 pts (19%)
exhibiting FVIII > 5 UI dL1 (median 12, range 620), detectable
VWF:Ag levels (median 2.7 UI dL1, range 17), visible LMW multimers; the median age at diagnosis was 19 months (range 15 years);
the median BS was 13 (range 828); no pt had LTP and none developed an inhibitor.
Conclusion: In this large cohort with a high frequency of novel mutations, the molecular pathogenesis was completely elucidated in 88% of
pts, suggesting deep intronic mutations in 12%. In group B pts, tiny
amounts of VWF:Ag leading to higher FVIII levels seem to induce a
less severe bleeding profile and no risk of inhibitor; in this group, we
noted that the mutation p.R273W (listed in the LOVD2 database as
responsible for either VWD3 or recessive VWD2A) was detected at an
homozygous or compound heterozygous state in 5/14 pts. These data
underline the need for a large prospective study as 3WINTERS-IPS.
Acquired disorders treatment I

OR026
Acquired von willebrand syndrome and response to
desmopressin
Biguzzi E, Franchi F, Siboni SM and Peyvandi F
A. Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center,
Fondazione Irccs Ca Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico,
MILANO, Italy
Background: Desmopressin (1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin,
DDAVP) is a synthetic analog of vasopressin that stimulates the
endogenous release of von Willebrand factor (VWF) and factor VIII:C
103
(FVIII:C) from endothelial cells and platelets, increasing their levels in

plasma. Its use is described to treat bleeding episodes in patients with
Acquired Von Willebrand Syndrome (AVWS).
Aims: To describe the response of VWF and FVIII:C to DDAVP
administration in patients with AVWS.
Methods: Case-series of 17 patients with AVWS who underwent a test
administration of DDAVP.
FVIII:C and VWF levels were measured before DDAVP infusion and
after 1 h, 2 h and 4 h. Response to DDAVP was defined as: complete
(both FVIII:C and VWF:RCo 50 IU dL1 or higher); partial (FVIII:
C or VWF:RCo lower than 50 IU dL1 but increased at least 3-fold)
or absent.
Results: Sex: 7 males and 10 females. Median age at diagnosis was
54 years (range 2274). Underlying disorders were present in 16/17
patients: 10 monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance (6
IgGk, 3 IgGk, 1 double component), 1 Waldenstroms macroglobulinemia, 1 chronic lymphatic leukemia, 3 essential thrombocytemia, 1
inflammatory bowel disease. Response to DDAVP after 1 h was complete in 12 patients (70%), partial in 2 patients (12%) and absent in 3
patients (18%.) After 4 h, response was complete in 4/13 patients
(31%, data not available in 4 patients). DDAVP was used in 11
patients (65%) to prevent bleeding during minor surgery or to treat
minor bleeding events. Other therapeutic interventions were used in 9
patients (FVIII/VWF concentrate in 4 patients, high dosage immunoglobulins in 1 patients, both in 4 patients).
Conclusion: Only a minority of patients with AVWS (31%) showed a
complete and sustained response after DDAVP infusion (4 h). Nevertheless, DDAVP was used in the majority of patients to prevent bleeding in minor surgeries or to treat minor bleeding events.
OR027
Activated prothrombin complex concentrate in
acquired hemophilia A: an Italian registry-THE F.A.I.R.
study
Zanon E1, Milan M1, Gamba G2, Giuffrida G3, Falanga A4,
Federici AB5, Cantori I6, Siragusa S7 and Mazzucconi MG8
1
Haemophilia Centre, Department of Medicine, University
Hospital of Padua, Padua; 2Department of Internal Medicine and
Medical Therapy, Diseases of Hemostasis, Fondazione IRCCS
Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia; 3Division of
Hematology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine,
University of Catania, Ospedale Ferrarotto, Catania;
4
Department of Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine,
Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo; 5Hematology and
Transfusion Medicine, L. Sacco University Hospital, Milan;
6
Hematology, Hospital of Ancona, Ancona; 7Hematology and
Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Palermo University Hospital,
Palermo; 8Hemophilia Centre, Department of Hematology,
Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
Background: Bleeding is the main manifestation of acquired hemophilia (AH) and is often severe. First line treatment is based on the use
of bypassing agents; activated prothrombin complex concentrate
(aPCC, FEIBA) in particular showed high hemostatic efficacy, but the
management of treatment has not completely been standardized.
Aims: Objective of this study is to evaluate the dosage, efficacy and
safety of FEIBA in an Italian population of AH patients with acute
bleeding.
Methods: The study is a retrospective prospective national registry
begun in December 2012. The retrospective cases were examined over
the five previous years, while the prospective study is still ongoing. All
AH patients > 18 years treated with aPCC for a bleeding episode were
included after obtaining informed consent.
104
ABSTRACTS
Results: 13 centers are involved in the study and 8 of them entered at

least one patient. Data on 25 retrospective patients and 15 prospective
ones have been collected. Male patients were 20 (50%) whose median
age at diagnosis was 74 years (IQR 2888). AH was idiopathic in
52.5% of patients. 90 bleeding episodes requiring treatment were
reported, mostly occurring into muscles (45.5%) and skin (27.8%). Of
these, major bleeds were 55%. aPCC was administered in a median
bolus dose of 73.0 25.6 U kg1, with 12-h median dose frequency
(IQR 848) and a total mean number of doses of 12.03 3.4. Treatment was continued for a mean period of 6 4.9 days. FEIBA was
considered effective in 83/90 episodes (92.2%) and was associated with
antifibrinolytic in 11% of cases. No venous or arterial thrombotic
events were reported; nine patients died (22.5%) during the period of
observation: one because of uncontrolled bleeding, one of sepsis during immuno-suppressive therapy, two of malignancy, and the others
due to reasons unrelated to AH.
Conclusion: The data from the registry confirm the efficacy and safety
of APCC in bleeding management of AH patients. Further information on treatment schedule will be obtained with completeness of data.
OR028
Perioperative management of bleeds with recombinant
porcine FVIII in patients with acquired hemophilia A
Novack A1, St-Louis J2, Greist A3, Shapiro A3, Smith H4,
Chowdary P5, Drebes A5, Lozier J6, Bourgeois C7, Mo M1 and
Farin H1
1
BioScience, Baxter Healthcare, Westlake Village, USA; 2Division
^pital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, University of
of Hematology, Ho
Montreal, Montreal, Canada; 3Hemophilia and Thrombosis
Center, Indianapolis; 4Division of Hematology/Oncology, Tufts
New England Medical Center, Boston, USA; 5Katharine
Dormandy Haemophilia Centre and Thrombosis Unit, Royal Free
Hospital, London, UK; 6Department of Laboratory Medicine,
National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, USA;
7
BioScience, Baxter Innovations, Vienna, Austria
Background: Acquired hemophilia A (AHA) is a rare bleeding disorder
caused by inhibition of human factor VIII (hFVIII) by auto-antibodies. Surgical procedures in AHA patients are often delayed until
hFVIII inhibitors are suppressed. A recombinant FVIII, porcine
sequence (rpFVIII, OBIZUR), less susceptible to inhibition by antihFVIII antibodies, offers a new option to manage bleeds in AHA.
Aims: The report evaluates the response to peri- and post-operative
rpFVIII replacement therapy in AHA patients.
Methods: This phase 2/3 open-label clinical trial investigated the efficacy and safety of rpFVIII in the treatment of serious bleeds in 28
AHA subjects. Response to rpFVIII treatment at 24 h was the primary endpoint (e.g. effective, partially effective). Treatment began
with a 200 U kg1 dose of rpFVIII; further doses were based on the
subjects target FVIII levels, anti-pFVIII titer, and clinical status. Subjects informed consent and appropriate ethics committee approvals
were obtained.
Results: Recombinant pFVIII was applied perioperatively for 3 major
surgical interventions (1 hemicolectomy, 1 endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, 1 emergency tracheotomy) and up to 10 days
post-surgery for management of a limb compartment syndrome in 2
other patients. Immediately after the first dose, FVIII activity rose to
clinically significant levels in all subjects (baseline anti-hFVIII titer:
1780 BU); all had a positive response to treatment at 24 h post-infusion. Hemostasis was achieved in all subjects during rpFVIII treatment
(dose: 3003600 U kg1). One patient died of a re-bleed 10 days after
rpFVIII treatment ended, while receiving another hemostatic agent. A
4 BU baseline anti-pFVIII titer in the subject undergoing a tracheot-
omy did not affect treatment success. After treatment, 2 subjects developed anti-pFVIII inhibitors de novo. No SAEs or thrombotic events
related to rpFVIII treatment occurred.
Conclusion: Recombinant pFVIII was safe and effective for peri- and
post-operative use in AHA patients undergoing surgery.
Disclosure of Interest: A. Novack Employee of: Baxter, J. St-Louis
Grant/Research Support from: Baxter, A. Greist Grant/Research Support from: Baxter, A. Shapiro Grant/Research Support from: Baxter,
Consultant for: Baxter, H. Smith: None Declared, P. Chowdary
Grant/Research Support from: Baxter, Consultant for: Baxter, A.
Drebes: None declared, J. Lozier: None Declared, C. Bourgeois
Employee of: Baxter, M. Mo Employee of: Baxter, H. Farin Employee
of: Baxter.
OR029
Real world data on treatment with feiba in patients
with clotting factor inhibitors
Negrier C1, Voisin S2, Baghaei F3, Novack A4, Doralt J5, Crea R5
and Gringeri A5
1
^pital Edouard Herriot, Lyon; 2Ho
^pital Rangueil, Laboratoire
Ho
ematologie, Toulouse, France; 3Coagulation Centre,
d0 H
Department of Medicine/Hematology and Coagulation
Disorders, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden;
4
Baxter Healthcare Corporation, Westlake Village, USA; 5Baxter
Background: There is paucity of patients with FVIII or FIX treated
and followed in clinical trials or observational studies.
Aims: To collect real world data on safety and effectiveness of APCC.
Methods: A prospective, non-interventional, post-authorization safety
study (PASS) was carried out in patients with hemophilia A or B and
inhibitors treated with FEIBA - for 12 2 months.
Results: FEIBA was prescribed to 69 subjects (85.2%) with congenital
hemophilia A, 2 (2.5%) with congenital hemophilia B, and 10 (12.3%)
with acquired hemophilia A (AHA) at 40 sites in 10 countries in EU,
US and Canada. Forty-five (55.6%) subjects had FEIBA prescribed at
baseline for prophylaxis and 36 (44.4%) for on-demand treatment.
Nine out of 180 adverse events were deemed product-related: only 3 of
them were serious. One occurred in congenital hemophilia patients
(hemarthrosis) and 2 in AHA patients: a catheter-related infection and
a deep vein thrombosis in a patient treated concomitantly with FEIBA
and rFVIIa. Three unrelated deaths were reported during the 12month follow-up showing the still high incidence of mortality in
patients with inhibitors. At the end of the study, the hemostatic effectiveness was rated by the physician as excellent or good in 91% of total
subjects, with highest rates reported in subjects on regular prophylaxis
(97%). Interestingly, this study provided information on the mode of
administration of FEIBA: in particular, the mean infusion rate was
higher (3.8 U kg min1, min-max range: 0.923.5 U kg min1) than
that recommended in the Summary of Product Characteristics of FEIBA (2 U kg min1) without side effects.
Conclusion: This study highlights safety and effectiveness of FEIBA
and the importance of real world data in assessing in these rare
patients under routine clinical practice. Another non-interventional
cohort study has been initiated to evaluate FEIBA use and outcomes
in this population (FEIBA-GO).
Disclosure of Interest: C. Negrier Consultant for: Novo Nordisk, Baxter, Bayer, CSL Behring, LFB, and Pfizer, Speaker Bureau of: Novo
Nordisk, Baxter, Bayer, CSL Behring, LFB, and Pfizer, S. Voisin:
None declared, F. Baghaei: None declared, A. Novack: None
declared, J. Doralt: None declared, R. Crea: None declared, A. Gringeri: None declared.
ABSTRACTS
OR030
Short-term prophylaxis regimen with activated
prothrombin complex concentrate in the prevention of
bleeding relapse in acquired hemophilia
Zanon E1, Milan M1, Ambaglio C2, Saggiorato G3, Montani N2
and Gamba G2
1
Haemophilia Centre, Department of Medicine, University
Hospital of Padua, Padua; 2Department of Internal Medicine and
Medical Therapy, Diseases of Hemostasis, Fondazione IRCCS
Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia; 3Coagulation
Lab, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua,
Padua, Italy
Background: Acquired Hemophilia (AH) is characterized by bleeding
episodes which may often prove fatal. Antihemorrhagic therapy consists in using bypassing agents - activated prothrombin complex (FEIBA) and recombinant FVIIa - until bleeding is stopped. Relapses of
hemorrhage are reported in 25% of patients and no treatment protocols to prevent these recurrences have been recorded so far.
Aims: The aim of our study was to assess whether a prophylaxis regimen with FEIBA, following the acute phase treatment, could be effective in preventing hemorrhage relapse.
Methods: We retrospectively observed the management of hemorrhagic episodes in consecutive willing patients with AH admitted to
the Padua University Hospital and Pavia University Hospital from
2008 to 2014. Some of them received APCC only during the acute
phase of bleeding, while the others were maintained on a short-term
prophylaxis regimen after the acute phase. We compared these two
strategies in terms of safety and efficacy in preventing bleeding relapse.
Results: Eighteen AH patients (male 61.1%) with acute bleeding were
evaluated. Mean age was 64.7 16.4 years; 11 cases were treated with
the use of FEIBA limited to the acute phase, while in 7 cases the acute
phase treatment was followed by a short-term prophylaxis with
aPCC (mean dose of 77.3 33.7 Ukg-1 day for a mean period of
12.7 5.7 days in case of major bleeds, and mean dose of 28.5 9.3
Ukg-1 day for a mean period of 12.25 10.7 days in minor episodes).
Six relapses in patients treated with FEIBA only during the acute
phase and no bleeds in patients treated with the short-term prophylaxis strategy were observed. A 5-fold increase in the risk of hemorrhagic recurrences in individuals who did not receive the prophylaxis
was found (OR 5.73, IC 1.057.24). No thromboembolic complications or other adverse events were reported in either treatment.
Conclusion: A prophylaxis regimen with FEIBA was shown to be effective in reducing bleeding relapse in AH.
105
Reproductive Issues
OR031
Pathology of placenta in fetal and neonatal immune
thrombocytopenia: roles of TH17 immune responses,
anti-platelet antibodies and angiogenic factors
Yougbare I1,2, Tai W-S3, Zdravic D3, Vadasz B3, Marshall A3,
Chen P1,2, Zhu G3, Leong-Poi HxH2, Qu D4, Yu LX5,
Adamson LS6, Sled J7, Freedman J3 and Ni H1,2,8
1
Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Canadian Blood
Services; 2Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research
Centre for Biomedical Science; 3Toronto Platelet Immunobiology
Group and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research
Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michaels Hospital, University
of Toronto; 4Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount
Sinai Hospital; 5Mouse Imaging Centre, The Hospital for Sick
Children; 6Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount
Sinai Hospital, Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology;
7
Mouse Imaging Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children,
Departments of Medical Biophysics; 8Departement of Physiology
and Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
Background: Fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia
(FNAIT) is a life threatening disease often leading to severe bleeding
diathesis and/or miscarriage although the incidence of miscarriage has
not been adequately studied. FNAIT is due to a maternal immune
response against fetal platelet antigens. Antibodies and Th17 cytokines
may target antigen positive trophoblasts and cause miscarriage, but
this hypothesis has never been explored.
Aims: To investigate whether Th17 cytokines and platelet antibodies
impaired trophoblast invasion and placental function.
Methods: b3 integrin deficient female mice were immunized with wildtype (WT) platelets and bred with WT males. Placental vascularisation
and function were investigated by micro-computered tomography
(CT) and echography. Angiogenic and Th17 cytokines, placental
growth factor (PlGF) and fms-like tyrosine receptors (Flt-1) were
detected by ELISA.
Results: Growth restriction and fetal loss only occurred in immunized
mothers around embryo day E14.5. Placentae of affected fetuses had
significantly reduced vascularization and materno-placental perfusion
as demonstrated by ultrasound and biotin perfusion. CT scans also
confirmed a shadowy development of placental sponge capillaries.
Increased Th1 and Th17 responses were observed in immunized mice.
These pro-inflammatory responses may contribute to trophoblast Flt1 over-expression which decreases plasma PlGF/sFlt-1 ratio. E.14.5,
the end of organogenesis is concomitant with trophoblast invasion
into spiral arteries, the remodeling of which is critical for healthy pregnancy. Cytokeratin-7, a trophoblast marker was significantly
decreased in the placentas of immunized mice, suggesting poor invasion. Interestingly, maternal intravenous immunoglobulin therapy
ameliorated survival of FNAIT fetuses.
Conclusion: Th17 cytokines and b3 integrin antibodies impaired placental pro-angiogenic signalling and function. Reduced trophoblast
invasion may cause poor materno-placental perfusion and fetus loss in
FNAIT.
106
ABSTRACTS
OR032
Characteristics of venous thromboembolism in 3072
French women using combined or progestin-only
contraception
Hugon-Rodin J1,2,3, Horellou M-H3,4, Conard J4, Flaujac C4,
Scarabin P-Y2, Plu-Bureau G1,2,3,4 and On behalf of for the
COntraception and REcurrent Venous Event (COREVE)
investigators
1
^pital Port-Royal, Paris; 2Inserm,
Gynecology Endocrinology, Ho
UMR 1018, Villejuif; 3Facult
e de m
edecine Paris Descartes,
^pital universitaire Paris Centre; 4Service dH
ematologie
Ho
^pital Cochin, Paris, France
Biologique, Ho
Background: Information on the clinical and biological characteristics
of contraceptive users who develop venous thromboembolism (VTE)
is scarce. Whether the characteristics of women with a first documented VTE differ according to the type of hormonal contraceptives
including progestin-only contraceptives (POC) remain to be determined.
Aims: Using data from COREVE cohort, we assessed the characteristics of women with a first documented VTE by hormonal contraceptives. We also estimated the number of preventable VTE.
Methods: Consecutive outpatients with documented VTE who consulted at our haemostasis Unit between 2000 and 2009 were enrolled in
our study. Of the 3072 aged 45 years women, 30% (n = 923) were
non- users, 68% (n = 2079) combined hormonal contraceptives (CHC)
and 2% (n = 70) POC users.
Results: CHC users were younger (29.0 7.2 mean SD) as compared
to non-users (31.6 7.1) P < 0.0001 or POC users (33.6 7.6)
P < 0.0001. Body mass index was higher in POC users (25.5 5.8) as
compared with CHC users (23.0 4.4) P < 0.0001. No difference in
VTE familial history between the three groups was observed. CHC or
POC users experienced less proximal deep venous thrombosis as compared to non-users (respectively 21%, 18% and 37%; P < 0.0001).
CHC users had significantly more FV Leiden mutation than non-users
(respectively 17% and 13%; OR = 1.36 [1.091.70]). CHC users had
also significantly more associated VTE-precipitating factors such as
venous sclerotherapy, travel or plaster whereas surgery or bed rest were
significantly increased in non-users. Women using cyproterone-containing CHC were significantly younger (P < 0.0001), leaner (P = 0.0002)
and had more travel-related VTE (P = 0.002) as compared with other
types of CHC. Finally, more than 12% of CHC users had inadequate
prescription of pill because of known VTE risk factors.
Conclusion: CHC users with first VTE differ from non-users with
respect to clinical and genetic background. Our results highlight the
substantial number of preventable VTE in young women.
OR033
Characterising fibrin monomer complex and D-dimer
profiles in pregnancy
Lautmann K1, Akolekar R1 and Arya R2
1
Harris Birthright Centre for Fetal Medicine; 2Kings Thrombosis
Center, Kings College Hospital, London, UK
Background: Serum D-Dimers (DD) have a high negative predictive
value for excluding venous thromboembolism (VTE) outside of pregnancy but the use in pregnancy remains controversial. A higher cut-off
value has been proposed in pregnancy. Fibrin monomer complexes
(FM) have been considered as an alternative diagnostic tool for exclusion of VTE in pregnancy due to its different behaviour.
Aims: To establish normal ranges of maternal serum levels of DD and
FM in pregnancy and determine maternal characteristics and obstetric
factors that affect them.
Methods: This was a prospective study in 4464 singleton pregnancies

between 6 and 33 weeks of gestation. Serum DD and FMC was measured by STA-Liatest FM (Diagnostica Stago) and STA-Liatest
D-Di (Diagnostica Stago) assays on the STA-Compact coagulation
analyser by quantitative immunoturbidimetry. Multiple regression
analysis was used to determine maternal characteristics and obstetric
factors affecting measured DD and FM levels and the regression
model was used to convert each measurement into a multiple of the
median (MoM).
Results: Serum DD increased with gestational age and maternal weight
and were decreased in cigarette smokers.DD were higher in sickle cell
carriers and in women of African, Oriental and Asian racial origin
compared to Caucasians. Serum FM also increased with maternal
weight and gestational age and was affected by cigarette smoking and
a positive medical history.
Conclusion: This study provides normal ranges for DD and FM in
pregnancy and defines the maternal and pregnancy characteristics
which affect these coagulation parameters. Maternal serum DD and
FM concentrations reflect the hypercoagulable state in pregnancy and
should be adjusted by maternal and obstetric characteristics to
improve the utility of DD and FM as a diagnostic tool for VTE in
pregnancy
OR034
Pre-pregnancy BMI and delivery BMI as risk factors for
postpartum VTE: a population-based, case-control
study
Blondon M1,2, Harrington L2, Boehlen F1, Robert-Ebadi H1,
Righini M1 and Smith N2
1
Angiology & Haemostasis, Geneva University Hospitals and
Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland; 2Epidemiology,
University of Washington, Seattle, USA
Background: Women with a high pre-pregnancy BMI are at greater
risk of postpartum venous thromboembolism (VTE). Whether this is
true for BMI at delivery is unknown.
Aims: To evaluate the risk of postpartum VTE associated with prepregnancy BMI and with delivery BMI.
Methods: In a population-based, case-control study in Washington
State, we identified all females with ICD-9 codes for VTE in the postpartum period (up to 3 months after delivery) between 2003 and 2011.
Controls were women without VTE in the postpartum period,
matched by birth year to cases. Pre-pregnancy and delivery BMI and
covariates were abstracted from birth certificates. Logistic regression
models estimated relative risks between categories of BMI, adjusted
for maternal and obstetrical characteristics.
Results: Mean (SD) BMI increased from 29.8 (8.1) kg m2 pre-pregnancy to 34.7 (8.2) kg m2 at delivery (average gain = 13.1 kg) among
cases (n = 291), and from 26.3 (6.4) kg m2 pre-pregnancy to 31.4
(6.2) kg m2 at delivery (average gain = 13.6 kg) among controls
(n = 4275). All pre-pregnancy categories of overweight and obesity
were associated with a greater risk of postpartum VTE than the modal
BMI category of 18.525 kg m2: adjusted OR = 1.5 (95%CI 1.12.0)
for BMI 25.129.9; 2.1 (1.53.1) for BMI 3034.9; 1.8 (1.13.0) for
BMI 3539.9; and 4.0 (2.86.2) for BMI 40. At delivery, only women
with a BMI of 3539.9 or 40 were at greater risk than women with a
BMI in the modal category at delivery of 2530 kg m2: adjusted
OR = 1.7 (1.22.5) and 2.7 (1.94.0), respectively.
Conclusion: Higher BMIs at pre-pregnancy and delivery are associated
with greater risks of postpartum VTE. However, at delivery, only a
very high BMI appears to be an independent risk factor. Pre-pregnancy BMI, with a gradually stronger risk for overweight and obese
women, may be simpler to use for VTE risk stratification.
ABSTRACTS
OR035
Higher frequency of left-sided deep vein thrombosis in
postpartum period
Venemans-Jellema A1, Elbers L2,3, Middeldorp S3, Gerdes V2 and
Cannegieter S1
1
Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center,
Leiden; 2Internal Medicine, Slotervaart Hospital; 3Vascular
Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Background: The risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is 4- to 5-fold
increased during pregnancy and 20-fold increased during the postpartum period compared with non-pregnancy. During pregnancy, the preferred side is the left leg (88%), while a left-sided DVT is only slightly
more common (about 55%> 45%) outside pregnancy. It is not known
if this left-sided predominance is also present during the postpartum
period. This information may indicate whether postpartum DVT
results mainly from a thrombus that developed during pregnancy
(mechanical cause) or from other causes such as a hypercoagulable
state or vascular damage during childbirth.
Aims: To determine the left-right distribution of DVT in women up to
6 weeks postpartum, compared with that in pregnant and non-pregnant women.
Methods: We used data from the MEGA-study, a large case-control
study into risk factors for venous thrombosis (consent and ethical
approval obtained). We selected female participants younger than
50 years of age, who did not use oral contraceptives and had no cancer. As estimates of relative risks, odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated.
Results: 253 DVT patients (58 postpartum, 33 pregnant and 159 nonpregnant) were included. The left-right distribution was 6931% in the
first 6 weeks postpartum compared with 8515% during pregnancy
and 5545% in non-pregnant women. In week 13 postpartum, 71%
of the DVTs were left-sided, while this proportion decreased to 60% in
week 46. Compared with non-pregnancy, the risk of left vs. right
sided DVT was 1.8-fold (95%CI 1.03.5) higher in women in the postpartum period.
Conclusion: The left-sided predominance present during pregnancy
decreased somewhat in the postpartum period, but was still different
from that in non-pregnant women. These findings suggest that some
DVTs occurring during the postpartum period have developed already
before childbirth and have taken some time to cause clinical symptoms.
Disclosure of Interest: : None declared.
Animal models
OR036
Advanced imaging techniques show progressive
arthropathy following experimentally induced knee
bleeding in a factor VIII/ rat model
Srensen KR1, Roepstorff K2, Petersen M2, Wiinberg B1,
Hansen AK3, Skov S3 and Nielsen LN1
1
Translational Haemophilia Pharmacology; 2Histology &
Bioimaging, Novo Nordisk A/S, Maaloev; 3Veterinary Disease
Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Background: Joint pathology is most commonly assessed by radiography, but ultrasonography (US) is increasingly recognized for its accessibility, safety and ability to show soft tissue changes, the earliest
indicators of haemophilic arthropathy (HA). US, however, lacks the
ability to visualize the extent of bone deformation. Here advanced
radiography such as computed tomography (CT) may play an important part. Little is known about the early phases in the development of
HA. We recently developed a Factor VIII/ (FVIII) rat model and
107
combining micro-CT (lCT) with US in this model allows for studies

of early joint changes and progression of disease in vivo.
Aims: (i) Characterize joint changes in HA using US and lCT in a new
haemophilic FVIII/ rat and compare to human HA. ii) Establish the
potential of these techniques as tools for assessing progression of HA
in vivo.
Methods: 20 wild type and 40 FVIII/ rats received a single joint
injury to one knee on day 0 and were euthanized on day 14, or two
joint bleeds, on day 0 and 14, and euthanized on day 28. The injured
knee of each rat was examined by US for changes in the patella ligament and fat pad, oedema or bone and cartilage degeneration, and
in vivo lCT on day 0, 14 and 28. Post mortem, both legs were scanned
ex vivo by lCT and examined by histopathology.
Results: FVIII/ rats developed pathophysiological changes comparable to human HA. US changes were found in all parameters, and in
some cases with pathological progression from day 14 to 28. Likewise,
lCT scans revealed dramatic intra- and periarticular changes in the
bones.
Conclusion: Joint bleeding in FVIII/ rats led to joint deterioration
that was histopathologically comparable to human HA and evident on
both US and lCT. These new imaging techniques can be used to assess
soft tissue and bone deformation in the progression of HA in vivo and
are promising tools for studying cause and mechanisms driving the
pathological changes following haemarthrosis.
Disclosure of Interest: K. Rothaus Srensen Employee of: Industrial
PhD at Novo Nordisk A/S, K. Roepstorff: None declared, M. Petersen: None declared, B. Wiinberg: None declared, A. Hansen: None
declared, S. Skov: None declared, L. Nielsen: None declared.
OR037
Development of a mouse carotid artery thrombolysis
model for the evaluation of therapeutic approaches for
stroke
Schoenwaelder SM1,2, Samson AL3, Sturgeon S3, Lee JA1,2, Ju A1,2
and Jackson SP1,2
1
Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown,
NSW; 2Heart Research Institute, Newtown, NSW; 3Australian
Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne,
Australia
Background: Thrombolytic therapy to achieve reperfusion of occluded
blood vessels is the cornerstone therapy for the management of acute
ischemic stroke. Despite this, reperfusion is achieved in only 4050%
of patients, with a third of culprit vessels reoccluding, and intracerebral haemorrhage occuring in up to 5% of patients. The development
of safe, more efficacious approaches has been hampered by a paucity
of preclinical animal models enabling assessment of thrombolysis in
large vessels, end-organ damage, bleeding complications and overall
neurological deficit.
Aims: To develop an in vivo recovery mouse model of in situ carotid
artery thrombosis enabling assessment of thrombolytic efficacy, whilst
at the same time allowing for the evaluation of cerebral infarct volume
and neurological deficit.
Methods: We have established an in situ Carotid Artery Thrombosis
(iCAT) model with 9095% post-operative recovery rate. iCAT was
induced by electrolytic injury, that when paired with transient occlusion of the contralateral carotid artery, caused cerebral infarction and
commensurate neurological impairment (Bederson score, open field
analysis) in mice.
Results: Our studies reveal multi-focal lesions in the brain and reproducible neurological deficit following iCAT, similar to that observed
with the Middle Cerebral Artery occlusion (MCAo) model. Histological analysis of carotid arteries confirmed formation of platelet- and
fibrin-rich thrombi 24 h post-injury. These thrombi were partially
lyzed by administration of t-PA or integrilin post-carotid occlusion,
108
ABSTRACTS
leading to a partial decrease and brain injury and a mild reduction in

neurological impairment.
Conclusion: iCAT represents a distinct mouse recovery model that
enables assessment of arterial large vessel thrombolysis, brain injury,
neurological impairment and bleeding risk. The ability to monitor
each of these key variables in a single preclinical animal stroke model
should assist with the future development of safer and more effective
thrombolytic approaches.
OR038
Real time intravital imaging of thrombus formation in
the mouse femoral artery reveals critical differences
from events in the microvasculature
Welsh J1, Stalker TJ1, Diamond SL2 and Brass LF1
1
Medicine; 2Chemical Engineering, University of Pennsylvania,
Philadelphia, USA
Background: Although clinically-relevant thrombosis commonly
occurs in large arteries and veins, current techniques for imaging these
events by intravital microscopy have been limited to the microcirculation because they are unable to resolve events in larger vessels possessing thicker and more complex vascular walls.
Aims: Here we report the initial results obtained with a new technique
that allows for real time, high-resolution fluorescence imaging in
mouse femoral arteries.
Methods: We used confocal microscopy to image hemostatic thrombus
formation in surgically-exposed mouse femoral arteries, comparing
the results with those obtained previously in studies performed in the
cremaster muscle and mesenteric microcirculation.
Results: We observed that thrombi generated in femoral arteries form
a core of highly-activated, P-selectin(+) platelets and fibrin, covered by
an unstable shell of P-selectin(-) platelets, similar to what we and others have observed in the microvasculature. However, core formation
was much slower than in the microcirculation, suggesting a delay in
thrombin accumulation. When thrombin was blocked with hirudin, we
observed no fibrin accumulation and a 50% decrease in platelet activation, but no measureable effect on total platelet accumulation, unlike
the microvasculature where hirudin greatly limits platelet accumulation. Inhibition of ADP signaling caused a large reduction in platelet
accumulation, but had no effect on core formation or fibrin deposition.
Conclusion: Our results demonstrate the feasibility of performing real
time, high resolution fluorescence imaging in femoral arteries, and
indicate that there are critical differences in the hemostatic response in
micro- and macrovasculature. Those difference include the kinetics of
platelet activation within thrombi and the contribution of thrombin.
We propose that this technique will prove informative in understanding events in clinically-relevant vascular diseases, including atherothrombosis.
OR039
Genome editing of factor X in zebrafish reveals
unexpected early survival and late onset hemorrhage
Hu Z1, Huarng M1, Menegatti M2, Reyon D3, Liu Y1, Richter C1,
Keith Joung J3, Peyvandi F4 and Shavit J1
1
Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA;
2
Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Universit
a degli Studi di
Milano, Milan, Italy; 3Pathology, Massachusetts General
Hospital, Charlestown, USA; 4Angelo Bianchi Bonomi
Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca
Granda, Milan, Italy
Background: Factor X (F10) deficiency is a rare inherited bleeding disorder with a heterogeneous phenotype and limited therapeutic options.
Absence of F10 in mice is embryonic/neonatal lethal, and thus difficult
to study. The external development of zebrafish, its ability to generate
thousands of offspring at low cost, and optical transparency all make
it a powerful tool to study coagulation disorders.
Aims: Generate a model of severe hemorrhage using genome editing in
zebrafish.
Methods: Targeted knockout of the zebrafish f10 locus using TALENs.
Results: Although indistinguishable morphologically from f10+/+ and
f10+/ siblings at early stages, f10/ mutants demonstrated a bleeding phenotype with progressive lethality between 16 months of age
and extensive hemorrhage in multiple tissues, particularly brain. The
f10/ mutants did not develop thrombi in response to laser-mediated
venous endothelial injury, and this was rescued by transient expression
of wild type zebrafish f10. Known human F10 disease causing substitutions G222D and C350F were engineered into the orthologous positions in the zebrafish f10 cDNA, and each failed to rescue the bleeding
phenotype. We proceeded to screen sequence variants from 5 newly
identified patients with F10 deficiency, and were able to localize the
causative mutation in each individual.
Conclusion: We have produced a zebrafish model of human F10 deficiency that exhibits a spontaneous adult lethal bleeding phenotype, yet
early embryonic survival is unaffected, in contrast to mice. Further
study of this mutant may identify species specific factors enabling this
early survival. This platform may also be useful to screen variants
from patients with F10 deficiency and other coagulation disorders, as
well perform small molecule screens to identify novel therapeutics.
Disclosure of Interest: Z. Hu: None Declared, M. Huarng: None
Declared, M. Menegatti: None Declared, D. Reyon: None Declared,
Y. Liu: None Declared, C. Richter: None Declared, J. K. Joung Shareholder of: Editas Medicine, Consultant for: Transposagen, Horizon
Discovery, F. Peyvandi Grant/Research Support from: Alexion, Bayer, Biotest, Kedrion Biopharma, Novo Nordisk, Consultant for: from
Grifols, Kedrion Biopharma, LFB, Octapharma, Ablynx, Paid
Instructor at: Alexion, Baxter, Bayer, Biotest, CSL Behring, Grifols,
Novo Nordisk, J. Shavit Grant/Research Support from: Bayer Hemophilia Awards Program, Consultant for: Octapharma, Baxter, CSL
Behring.
ABSTRACTS
OR040
Antibody response to human recombinant factor VIII in
a new rat model of hemophilia A
Lovgren KM1,2, Soendergaard H3, Skov S2, Weldingh KN4 and
Wiinberg B1
1
Translational Hemophilia Pharmacology, Novo Nordisk A/S,
Maaloev; 2Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, University
of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg; 3Diabetes Complications
Pharmacology; 4Immunogenicity Assessment, Novo Nordisk A/S,
Maaloev, Denmark
Background: Neutralizing isoantibodies toward FVIII therapy in
hemophilia A (HA), i.e. inhibitors, is an unwanted complication that
affects around 30% of severe HA patients. A rat model of severe HA
(F8/) has recently been developed and the phenotype has previously
been described, but an immunological characterization is needed to
determine the value of using the model in inhibitor research.
Aims: To characterize the antibody response (binding and neutralizing) towards human coagulation factor VIII (hFVIII) in the HA rat
model following a human prophylactic dosing regimen.
Methods: Two identical studies were performed; including a total of 17
homozygous HA rats (0% FVIII activity), 12 heterozygous and 12
wild type littermates. All rats received intravenous injections of recombinant hFVIII (rhFVIII) at 50 IU kg1 twice weekly for 4 weeks.
Blood samples were obtained via the tail vein once weekly for 7 weeks.
Binding anti-rhFVIII antibodies were analyzed using a radioimmunoassay detecting binding anti-rhFVIII IgG in rat plasma. Neutralizing
anti-rhFVIII antibodies were analyzed using a Bethesda-like assay.
Results: In both studies, binding antibodies developed after 46
administrations of rhFVIII (23 weeks), with measurable neutralizing
antibodies emerging roughly 1 week later, reaching 1111 BU mL1
(mean 19 BU mL1) at end of study. There was no significant difference between the two studies (Mann-Whitney test, P < 0.05) or
between genotypes in time to response or levels reached for binding
and neutralizing antibodies (Kaplan-meier and Friedman test,
P < 0.05). Repeated intravenous injections and blood samplings via
the tail vein were well tolerated.
Conclusion: Following intravenous administration of human FVIII,
according to a clinical prophylaxis regimen, a robust and reproducible
antibody response is seen in this HA rat model, suggesting that the
model is useful for intervention studies with the aim of suppressing,
delaying or preventing the inhibitor response.
Disclosure of Interest: K. L
ovgren Employee of: University of Copenhagen, H. Soendergaard Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S, S. Skov
Employee of: University of Copenhagen, K. Weldingh Employee of:
Novo Nordisk A/S, B. Wiinberg Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S.
Endothelium and vessel wall

OR041
Autophagy regulates thrombus formation in mice
Yau JW-H, Hou Y, Lei X, Singh KK and Verma S
Cardiac Surgery, Keenan Research Centre/St. Michaels Hospital,
Toronto, Canada
Background: Endothelial cells (ECs) can trigger arterial thrombosis
through the release of prothrombotic molecules upon vascular injury.
However, the mechanism by which ECs cause thrombosis is not
entirely understood. Previous studies have shown that loss of autophagy, an intracellular catabolic process, results in decreased secretion
of von Willebrand factor in cultured ECs and in mice (Nat Med
2013;19:1281-1287). This finding demonstrates that autophagy may
play an important role in mediating the prothrombotic response.
Aims: To further explore the role of autophagy in thrombus formation, we used a Cre-Lox system to generate endothelial cell-specific
109
deletion of ATG7 (EC-ATG7/) in mice. ATG7 is a critical component of autophagy.

Methods: EC-ATG7/ mice were used to evaluate thrombus formation in a laser injury of the cremaster arteriole. In a separate set, blood
was collected to measure platelet count in a hemocytometer and platelet surface expression of P-selectin and b3-integrin (b3) by fluorescence-activated cell sorting.
Results: Thrombus formation was examined in 38 and 33 thrombi
from wild-type (WT) and EC-ATG7/, respectively. The time to
maximum intensity in EC-ATG7/ mice was significantly prolonged
compared with WT mice (1.0 0.6 and 2.3 1.2 min, respectively;
P < 0.001). Thrombi from WT mice were significantly larger than
thrombi from EC-ATG7/ mice, as demonstrated by platelet fluorescence intensity (8.2 2.9 and 1.8 0.7, respectively; x109;
P < 0.05). The platelet counts for 11 WT and 11 EC-ATG7/ mice
were not significantly different (768 86 and 715 125, respectively;
x106; P = 0.3). Surface expressions of P-selectin and b3 in WT and
EC-ATG7/ were also similar.
Conclusion: EC-ATG7/ mice demonstrate decreased thrombosis in
the cremaster thrombosis model whereas platelet count and expression
of P-selectin and b3 expression remained normal, suggesting that autophagy contributes to thrombosis in a platelet-independent manner.
OR042
Platelet activation and platelet-endothelial interactions
in the SIV-infected pigtail macaque model of HIVassociated CNS disease
Lyons CE1, Schneider H2, Engle EL3, Najarro KM3, Queen SE3,
Morrell CN4, Mankowski JL3 and Pate KM3
1
Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine,
North Grafton; 2Colorado State University, Fort Collins;
3
Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins
University School of Medicine, Baltimore; 4University of
Rochester, Rochester, USA
Background: Platelet decline is associated with increased risk for the
development of HIV-associated neurocognitive deficits. Interaction of
activated platelets with brain microvascular endothelium may contribute to platelet decline.
Aims: To determine whether activated platelet-endothelial interactions
are associated with CNS disease in the SIV-infected pigtailed macaque
model of HIV.
Methods: Platelet activation was monitored throughout infection for
SIV-infected macaques and uninfected controls. Brains were evaluated
to determine CNS disease status and for immunohistochemistry for
platelet-endoethelial binding and perivascular macrophage cuffs. Confluent monolayers of brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs)
were exposed to washed platelets or media in transwells and permeability quantified.
Results: Platelets harvested from infected macaques that went on to
develop CNS disease during terminal infection demonstrated less activation than macaques without CNS disease during acute (P = 0.04)
and asymptomatic (P < 0.0001) infection. Brains from SIV-infected
macaques were more likely than brains from uninfected controls to
have platelets bound to vascular endothelium during acute (RR 4.0,
P = 0.03) and terminal (RR 3.6, P = 0.04) infection. 6 of the 10 SIV+
macaques had CNS disease during terminal infection and resident
Mac387 + (RR 3.4, P = 0.0001) or CD163 + macrophages (RR 1.44,
P = 0.0005) but not non-resident CD68 + macrophages (RR 1.2,
P = 0.2) were observed in these animals with increased likelihood
around platelet-lined vessels. SIV-infected macrophages were similarly
observed with increased likelihood around platelet-lined vessels (RR
1.5, P = 0.007). Permeability of BMECs decreased two-fold following
110
ABSTRACTS
incubation with platelets from SIV infected macaques compared with

uninfected macaques (P = 0.01).
Conclusion: Activated platelet-endothelial interactions may represent a
protective mechanism against development of macrophage infiltrates
in CNS disease that is removed in the context of HIV-associated
thrombocytopenia.
OR043
Vascular endothelium dysregulation following
staphylococcus aureus infection: new insights for
sepsis
McDonnell C1, Bojenov E1,2, McLoughlin A3, Cummins P3 and
Kerrigan S4
1
Molecular and cellular therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons
In Ireland RCSI, Dublin, Ireland, 2Universit
e de Lorraine, Nancy,
France; 3School of biotechnology, DCU; 4Pharmacy, Royal
College of Surgeons In Ireland RCSI, Dublin, Ireland
Background: Sepsis is one of the major causes of mortality in critically
ill patients and is commonly caused by Staphylococcus aureus. The
endothelium is a major target of sepsis-induced events and vascular
endothelial damage accounts for much of the pathology of septic
shock. As a first line of defence, endothelial cells recognise invading
bacteria through specific interactions however the nature of these
interactions is not well defined.
Aims: The aim of this study was to develop a clinically relevant model
of infection to study the interactions between human vascular endothelial cells and S. aureus.
Methods: In order to mimic physiological conditions experienced in
sepsis human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) were sheared at
10dynes for 24 h followed by addition of TNFa and human blood
plasma. Fluorescently labelled bacterial adherence was measured over
a 1 hr time period and cellular response to infection was measured
over a 24 hr time period.
Results: S. aureus bound significantly more to HAECs when they were
subjected to physiological shear and were treated with TNFa and
human plasma (439% more binding than in the absence of shear,
TNFa or plasma, P < 0.05, n = 3). Clumping factor A (ClfA) is the
most abundant protein expressed on S. aureus and deletion of this protein significantly reduced adhesion to the HAECs (70% inhibition
compared to parent strain, P < 0.001, n = 3). ClfA binds fibrinogen to
bridge to host cells and removing fibrinogen from plasma resulted in a
significant reduction in binding (53% P < 0.05, n = 3). S. aureus infection dysregulates HAECs, HAEC proliferation was significantly
reduced (72% inhibition, P < 0.001, n = 3); apoptosis and permeability of HAECs was significantly increased (33% increase, P < 0.01,
n = 3, 67% increase, P < 0.01, n = 3, respectively), all consistent clinical signs of sepsis. Using a strain defective in ClfA reversed all of these
effects.
Conclusion: In conclusion, S. aureus ClfA is responsible for triggering
a number of events that result in endothelial dysfunction in sepsis.
OR044
Endothelial BAMBI (BMP and activin membrane bound
inhibitor) is important for fibrin generation and
thrombus stability
Salles-Crawley I, Monkman JH, Lane DA and Crawley JT
Medicine - Centre for Haematology, Imperial College London,
London, UK
Background: BAMBI is a transmembrane protein related to the transforming growth factor-b superfamily, and is highly expressed in platelets and endothelial cells (EC). Using Bambi-deficient mice, we recently
showed that BAMBI plays a role in haemostasis and also in thrombus
stability. Using chimeric mice, we also demonstrated that it is most
likely BAMBI present in the endothelium and not in platelets that
influences the haemostatic response and thrombus stability.
Aims: This study aims to delineate the mechanisms by which BAMBI
exerts its function on the endothelium and how these influence thrombus formation and stability.
Methods: Mouse plasma prostacyclin and nitric oxide (NO) levels were
determined using in vitro assays. Mouse lung endothelial cells (MLEC)
were isolated from Bambi+/+ and Bambi/ mice and expression of
adhesion molecules was assessed by flow cytometry. Mice were subjected to the laser-induced thrombosis model of the cremaster arterioles.
Results: While no difference in levels of prostacyclin could be
observed, plasma NO levels were significantly increased (~50%) in
Bambi/ mice compared to wild-type littermates. Results from separate MLEC isolations showed that Bambi/ MLEC expressed lower
levels of EC adhesion molecules PECAM1 and ICAM2 compared to
Bambi+/+ MLEC. Finally, after laser injury of the endothelium,
Bambi/ mice exhibited thrombus instability accompanied with a
defect in fibrin(ogen) accumulation compared to Bambi+/+ littermates.
Conclusion: We provide first evidence on how endothelial BAMBI may
influence thrombus stability and hemostasis by modulating NO
release, and the expression levels of EC adhesion molecules. We also
demonstrate that Bambi-deficient mice exhibit impaired fibrin deposition during thrombus formation potentially suggesting a defect in
thrombin formation. We are currently investigating the level of endothelial and platelet activation after laser injury of the endothelium in
Bambi-deficient mice as well as the effect of hirudin on thrombus formation and stability.
OR045
Validating A 3D tissue-engineered human blood vessel
model for use as a novel model system for the
assessment of thrombus formation
Musa FI, Harper AGS and Yang Y
Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele
University, Stoke-on-Trent, UK
Background: Thrombus formation is a complex process involving multiple factors that is commonly studied either ex vivo or in vivo animal
models. A 3D tissue engineered blood vessel (TEBV) could provide a
superior system to analyse blood clotting in a viable human blood vessel.
Aims: Here we have designed, constructed and validated a TEBV to
assess whether it could be used as a new model to study thrombus formation under physiologically relevant conditions.
Methods: TEBVs were constructed from an intimal layer consisting of
Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) grown upon
aligned nanofibers, and a medial layer composing of human coronary
artery smooth muscle cells (HCASMCs) grown in a collagen hydrogel.
ABSTRACTS
The confluencey of the HUVECs layer was assessed by tracking permeation of 150K fluorescein dextran. The physiological state of the
HUVECs was examined using immunohistochemistry of ICAM-1
expression. A new protocol was also developed to measure platelet
activation when exposed to the TEBV using fluorescence spectrophotometer. This allows in situ real-time monitoring of the state of platelets manifested as of changes in their cytosolic calcium concentration
([Ca2+]cyt) where the platelets have been dually-labelled with both
Fura-2/AM and DiOC6.
Results: The HUVECs layer in the cultured TEBV model possessed
high confluencey, anti-thrombogenicity and phenotype similar to that
found in vivo. The TEBV resists dextran permeation through the HUVECs monolayer with minimum expression of ICAM-1. Together, the
TEBV construct inhibit thrombus formation on the HUVECs layer.
As a result, the exposure of platelets to the multi-layered TEBV construct elicited a significant reduction in the thrombin-evoked rise in
[Ca2+]cyt (36.7 11.7% of control; n = 6; P < 0.05), when compared
to samples not exposed to the construct.
Conclusion: We have successfully created a TEBV that is able to replicate the functional properties of the native vessel and which may be
useful as a novel model to study human thrombus formation.
Tissue factor factor VII I

OR046
Cross-talk between tissue factor and EPHA2 in cancer:
potentiation of ligand-dependent EPHA2-signaling
in vitro and co-expression in human colorectal cancer
specimens
Eriksson O1, Thulin
A1, Asplund A2, Hedge G3, Navani S3 and
1
Siegbahn A
1
Dept of Medical Sciences; 2Dept of Immunology, Genetics &
Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, Sweden; 3Lab
SurgPath, Mumbai, India
Background: Tissue Factor (TF) forms a proteolytically active complex

with coagulation factor VIIa (FVIIa) and functions as the trigger of
blood coagulation or alternatively activates cell signaling. We recently
described that EphA2 of the Eph tyrosine kinase receptor family is
cleaved directly by the TF/FVIIa complex independently of PAR2 and
downstream coagulation proteases.
Aims: The aim of the present study was to further characterize the
cross-talk between TF/FVIIa and EphA2 using in vitro model systems
and a cohort of colorectal cancer specimens.
Methods: Cleavage and serine phosphorylation of EphA2 was studied
by Western blot. Subcellular localization of TF and EphA2 was investigated by a proximity ligation assay and confocal microscopy. Phalloidin staining of the actin cytoskeleton was used to study cell
rounding and retraction fiber formation in response to the EphA2
ligand ephrin-A1. Immunohistochemistry was used to examine expression of TF and EphA2 in human colorectal cancer specimens.
Results: FVIIa-stimulation resulted in serine-897 phosphorylation and
direct cleavage of EphA2 in MDA-MB-231 cells. TF and EphA2 colocalized constitutively in MDA-MB-231 cells at cell-cell contacts
together with polymerized f-actin. Transient overexpression of TF in
U251 glioblastoma cells lead to co-localization with EphA2 at the
leading edge and FVIIa-dependent cleavage of EphA2. FVIIa stimulation potentiated ephrin-A1-induced cell rounding and retraction fiber
formation in a RhoA/ROCK-dependent manner. TF and EphA2
expression correlated in colorectal cancer (Spearman Rho 0.48,
P < 0.001), where 90% of TF positive cases also expressed EphA2.
Conclusion: These results demonstrate that TF-EphA2 cross-talk potentiates ligand-dependent EphA2 signaling in human cancers, and provide initial evidence that it is possible for this interaction to occur
111
in vivo. Our results provide further evidence for a novel direct signaling
mechanism for the TF/FVIIa complex through cross-talk with the
EphA2 receptor
OR047
Antibody-based targeting of alternatively spliced
tissue factor impedes the growth and aggressiveness
of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Unruh D1, Qi X1, Chu Z1, Sturm R1, Keil R1, Ahmad SA2,
Sovershaev T3, Adam M4, Dreden PV4, Woodhams BJ5, Rak JW6,
Mackman N7, Versteeg HH8 and Bogdanov V1
1
Internal Medicine, Hematology/Oncology; 2Surgery, University
of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, USA; 3K. G. Jebsen
Thrombosis Research and Expertise Center TREC, Department of
Clinical Medicine, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway,
Troms, Norway; 4Research and Development, Diagnostica
Stago, Gennevilliers, France; 5Haemacon Ltd, Bromley, UK;
6
Pediatrics, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada;
7
Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel
Hill, USA; 8Internal Medicine, Section of Thrombosis and
Hemostasis, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden,
Netherlands
Background: Alternatively spliced Tissue Factor (asTF) is upregulated
in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). asTF is minimally
coagulant and signals non-proteolytically via b1/b3 integrins; asTFs
overexpression fuels PDAC growth, metastatic spread, monocyte
recruitment, and elevated pro-coagulant potential of PDAC cells.
Aims: To determine if monoclonal antibody-based targeting of asTF
slows PDAC progression and/or asTF release into circulation in an
orthotopic setting.
Methods: Nude and, in some experiments, SCID and SCID/lowTF
mice were transplanted with human PDAC cells Pt45P1 and tumor
growth monitored in vivo via SapC-DOPS imaging. Plasma asTF was
assessed using a prototype ELISA. 100 lg of anti-asTF monoclonal
antibody Rb1 was co-implanted with Pt45P1 cells and vessel density
(anti-CD31); monocyte/macrophage infiltration (anti-F4/80 & antiCD206); and collagen-rich tumor stroma (Masson-Trichrome) were
assessed. One-way ANOVA was used to assess significance, set at
< 0.05.
Results: PDAC cells co-implanted with Rb1 grew significantly smaller
tumors that were i) ~3 fold less vascularized, ii) had ~3.5 fold fewer
stromal macrophages compared to the cells co-implanted with vehicle
(PBS) and/or isotype control IgG, and iii) had ~30% reduction in collagen-rich stroma content. Mice in the Pt45P1/Rb1 cohort had a ~2
fold decrease in the levels of circulating asTF (0.27 ng mL1 vs
0.54 ng mL1 in the IgG cohort). Pt45P1 cells co-implanted with Rb1
in SCID mice also grew tumors significantly smaller compared to those
in the IgG control group; the effects of Rb1 on primary tumor growth
in SCID/lowTF mice were similar to those in SCID mice.
Conclusion: In the presence of Rb1 in nude as well as SCID mice,
Pt45P1 cells grow significantly smaller tumors with less stroma and
fewer monocytes/blood vessels that release less asTF protein in the systemic circulation. Antibody-based targeting of asTF may comprise a
novel strategy to fight PDAC with a low risk of bleeding.
Disclosure of Interest: D. Unruh: None Declared, X. Qi: None
Declared, Z. Chu: None Declared, R. Sturm: None Declared, R. Keil:
None Declared, S. Ahmad: None Declared, T. Sovershaev: None
Declared, M. Adam Employee of: Diagnostica Stago, P. Van Dreden
Employee of: Diagnostica Stago, B. Woodhams Shareholder of:
Haemacon Ltd, J. Rak: None Declared, N. Mackman: None
Declared, H. Versteeg: None Declared, V. Bogdanov: None Declared.
112
ABSTRACTS
OR048
Tissue factor inhibition attenuates neuronal damage
and behavioral deficit in a mouse model of ischemic
stroke
Wang S1, Reeves B1, Kirchhofer D2 and Pawlinski R1
1
Medicine, University of North Carolina At Chapel Hill, Chapel
Hill; 2Early Discovery Biochemistry, Genentech Inc, South San
Francisco, USA
Background: Astrocytes are the main source tissue factor (TF) in the
brain. Using mouse models of hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke, we
previously reported that astrocyte TF is essential for brain hemostasis
but also contributes to brain injury via a thrombo-inflammatory mechanism. Using mice with different levels of astrocyte TF expression, we
showed that astrocyte TF activity around 5% of the wild type level
was sufficient to limit bleeding in hemorrhagic stroke and at the same
time was low enough to reduce neuronal injury without increasing
hemorrhagic transformation.
Aims: Determine the effects of pharmacologic inhibition of TF in a
mouse model of ischemic stroke.
Methods: C56Bl/6J mice were subjected to middle cerebral artery
occlusion (MCAO) for 1 h followed by 24 h of reperfusion. Inhibitory
rat anti- mouse TF antibody (1H1) and control IgG were given as a
bolus intraperitoneal injection immediately after ischemia.
Results: 1H1 dose-dependently reduced brain infarct size in female
mice subjected to MCAO (36.6 1.4% of total brain volume in IgG
group [n = 19] vs 28.3 1.7% in 25 mg kg1 1H1 group [n = 9,
P < 0.01] and 18.5 2.3% in 75 mg kg1 1H1 group [n = 8,
P < 0.001]; mean SEM). Importantly, blocking TF did not exacerbate hemorrhagic transformation during the reperfusion phase. Compared to the IgG treated group, 1H1 significantly reduced levels of
inflammatory markers (IL-6, MCP-1 and KC levels analyzed by
ELISA) and microvascular thrombosis (analyzed by fibrin staining) in
the injured brain as well as attenuated behavioral deficit after ischemic
stroke. Male mice subjected to the same MCAO conditions experienced high mortality in the IgG treated group (4 out of 6 mice died
with 24 h) which was eliminated by 1H1 (25 mg kg1) treatment (0
out of 5, Log-rank test P = 0.031).
Conclusion: Our data demonstrate that during the reperfusion phase
following ischemic stroke, TF contributes to neuronal damage via
both pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic mechanisms. Blocking TF
did not increase hemorrhagic transformation.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Wang: None Declared, B. Reeves: None
Declared, D. Kirchhofer Employee of: Genentech Inc, R. Pawlinski:
None declared.
OR049
Low factor VII levels fail to reduce vascular graft
thrombus propagation in a baboon model
Wallisch M1,2, Crosby J3, Greisel J2, Murray S3, Tucker E1,2,
McCarty OJT2, Hinds M2, Monia BP3 and Gruber A1,2
1
Aronora, Inc.; 2Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health &
Science University, Portland, OR; 3ISIS Pharmaceuticals, Inc.,
Carlsbad, CA, USA
Background: The tissue factor/factor VII (TF/FVII) complex-dependent extrinsic pathway of thrombin generation has been considered
essential to the pathogenesis of thrombosis. Inhibition of the extrinsic
pathway was found to be antithrombotic in several animal models
over the past 3 decades, however, FVII- or TF-targeting drugs have
not been commercialized.
Aims: This study was designed to determine whether low circulating
FVII levels are safe and antithrombotic in a primate model of acute
vascular graft thrombosis.
Methods: Hemostasis impairment was assessed as increase in bleeding

time and volume. Reduction of FVII plasma levels was achieved by
parenteral generation 2.5 FVII antisense oligonucleotide (FVII ASO)
treatment of baboons. Thrombogenesis was quantified by measuring
platelet and fibrin deposition in collagen- and tissue factor-coated vascular grafts (4 mm ID, 20 mm long) that were deployed into arteriovenous shunts and exposed to 100 mL min1 pulsatile flow for 60 min.
Reduction of FVII levels to < 1% was not pursued due to a risk of
severe bleeding. Enoxaparin (1 mg kg1) was used as positive control.
Results: Enoxaparin anticoagulation was antithrombotic. FVII ASO
treatment increased prothrombin time to > 2-fold and reduced FVII
levels to 5% of baseline within 2 weeks. Platelet deposition was not
inhibited in collagen-coated grafts, while it was only marginally
delayed and reduced in TF-coated grafts by 20%. Fibrin deposition
was not inhibited. Bleeding time and volume were marginally
increased.
Conclusion: We conclude that if FVII contributed to thrombus propagation indeed, very low FVII levels (> 0% to < 5%) could be sufficient
to sustain thrombogenesis, regardless whether the initiating trigger is
collagen or TF, in primates. Our data do not support the hypothesis
that the extrinsic pathway substantially contributes to thrombus
growth in large vessels.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Wallisch Employee of: Aronora, Inc., J.
Crosby Employee of: ISIS Pharmaceuticals, Inc., J. Greisel: None
Declared, S. Murray Employee of: ISIS Pharmaceuticals, Inc., E.
Tucker Employee of: Aronora, Inc., O. McCarty: None Declared, M.
Hinds: None Declared, B. Monia Employee of: ISIS Pharmaceuticals,
Inc., A. Gruber Employee of: Aronora, Inc.
OR050
Genetic determinants of activated factor VIIantithrombin complex plasma concentration include
tissue factor, factor VII and endothelial protein c
receptor gene variants
Sartori F1, Lunghi B2, Tosi F1, Guarini P1, Scalet D2, Baroni M2,
Marchetti G2, Woodhams B3, Girelli D1, Olivieri O1, Bernardi F2
and Martinelli N1
1
Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona;
2
Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of
Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; 3HaemaCon Ltd, Bromley, Kent, UK
Background: Plasma concentration of activated factor VII (FVIIa)antithrombin (AT) complex has been proposed to be a thrombophilic
biomarker, potentially reflecting tissue factor (TF) exposure and TFFVIIa interaction. Endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) has been
shown to bind FVIIa, but the physiological significance of this interaction in hemostasis is unclear.
Aims: To reveal determinants of the FVIIa-AT plasma concentration
exploiting functional gene polymorphisms, known to modulate F7, TF
and EPCR levels.
Methods: We evaluated in 605 subjects (75.0% males, mean age
61.0 10.9 years, 80.0% with coronary artery disease) FVIIa-AT
plasma levels (ELISA assay) and genotypes for TF (-603 A>G and
+5466 A>G), F7 (-402 G>A, -323 A1/A2 and R353Q), and EPCR
(S219G).
Results: F7 -323A2 and 353Q allele carriers and TF -603GG-homozygotes had lower FVIIa-AT complex levels. Differently, EPCR 219G
minor allele carriers had higher levels. Including the polymorphisms in
a linear regression model, F7 -323A1/A2 (b = 0.226; P < 0.001), TF
-603 A>G (b = 0.126; P = 0.001) and EPCR S219G (b = 0.080;
P = 0.044) polymorphisms remained significant predictors of FVIIaAT concentration. They explained an overall level variability (6.7%)
similar to that (7.1%) of other major determinants, i.e. renal function
(b = 0.194; P < 0.001) and plasma lipids (HDL-cholesterol:
b = 0.195; P < 0.001; triglyceride: b = 0.117; P = 0.011). The genetic
ABSTRACTS
contribution was virtually unchanged after adjustment for sex, age,
CAD diagnosis, as well as renal function and plasma lipids.
Conclusion: Our results show the interplay of several genetic components as independent determinants of FVIIa-AT plasma concentration, and indicate for the first time the contribution of EPCR gene
variants. Since the investigated polymorphisms modulate proteins
directly involved in FVIIa-AT complex formation and potentially
influence their interaction, our study may add novel elements to understand the regulation in vivo of the FVII-TF pathway.
Disclosure of Interest: F. Sartori: None Declared, B. Lunghi: None
Declared, F. Tosi: None Declared, P. Guarini: None Declared, D. Scalet: None Declared, M. Baroni: None Declared, G. Marchetti: None
Declared, B. Woodhams: None Declared, D. Girelli: None Declared,
O. Olivieri: None Declared, F. Bernardi: None Declared, N. Martinelli
Grant/Research Support from: This study was supported by Diagnostica Stago, Asnieres, France with financial support and by providing
reagents.
Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
OR051
Dynamic mechanical thromboprophylaxis is a major
heparin-independent risk factor for the formation of
anti-platelet factor 4/heparin antibodies in patients
undergoing total knee or HIP arthroplasty
Miyata S1, Bito S2, Migita K3, Nakamura M4, Shinohara K5,
Sato T6, Tonai T7, Shimizu M8, Shibata Y9, Kishi K10, Kubota C11,
Nakahara S12, Mori T13, Ikeda K14, Ota S15, Minamizaki T16,
Yamada S17, Shiota N12, Kamei M1 and Motokawa S3
1
National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka; 2NHO
Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo; 3NHO Nagasaki Medical Center,
Nagasaki; 4Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie;
5
NHO Kochi Hospital, Kochi; 6NHO Nagoya Medical Center,
Aichi; 7NHO Shikoku Medical Center for Children and Adults,
Kagawa; 8NHO Utano Hospital, Kyoto; 9NHO Toyohashi
Medical Center, Aichi; 10NHO Higashihiroshima Medical Center,
Hiroshima; 11NHO Fukui Hospital, Fukui; 12NHO Okayama
Medical Center, Okayama; 13NHO Sagamihara Hospital,
Kanagawa; 14NHO Kanazawa Medical Center, Ishikawa; 15NHO
Shizuoka Medical center, Shizuoka; 16NHO Yonago Medical
Center, Tottori; 17NHO Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
Background: Spontaneous or fondaparinux-associated heparininduced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is caused by platelet-activating antibodies (Abs) against platelet factor 4 (PF4)/heparin (H) complexes
without H exposure, mostly in orthopedic surgery patients (pts). This
implies that surgery itself could trigger this immune response, although
the mechanism is unclear.
Aims: We aim to investigate how surgery could trigger an immune
response against PF4/H complexes.
Methods: In a multicenter, prospective study of 2069 pts undergoing
total hip or knee arthroplasty (TKA or THA), approximately half
were treated with unfractionated H (UFH), low-molecular-weight H
(LMWH), or fondaparinux. The other half received only mechanical
prophylaxis [dynamic: intermittent plantar compression or intermittent pneumatic compression device, static: graduated compression
stocking (GCS), or both]. We measured anti-PF4/H IgG/A/M before
and 10 days after surgery using an immunoassay.
Results: Multivariate analysis revealed that the dynamic mechanical
prophylaxis (DMP), in addition to female sex and TKA (vs. THA),
was an independent risk factor for the seroconversion (odds ratio 2,
95% CI 1.33, P = 0.001), which was confirmed with propensity score
matching. For TKA, the seroconversion rate in pts treated with DMT
and no anticoagulant (15.3%) and pts treated with UFH (14.8%) or
113
LMWH (13.7%) without DMP were similar, and it was higher than
that in pts treated with fondaparinux without DMP (5.7%) or only
GCS (6.4%). The proportion of pts with > 1.4 optical density was
higher among those treated with any anticoagulant and DMP than
among those not treated with DMP, suggesting that DMP may also
act as a co-stimulator in the immune response.
Conclusion: We propose a novel hypothesis that DMP is involved in
the immune response against PF4/H independent of H, probably due
to stimulation of PF4 release and production of polyanions such as
glycosaminoglycans and nucleic acids with tissue damage, which is
presumably associated with the risk of developing HIT.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Miyata Grant/Research Support from: Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd (Tokyo, Japan), Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation (Osaka, Japan), and CSL Behring K.K. (Tokyo, Japan),
Speaker Bureau of: Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd (Tokyo, Japan), Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation (Osaka, Japan), and CSL Behring
K.K. (Tokyo, Japan), S. Bito: None Declared, K. Migita: None
Declared, M. Nakamura: None Declared, K. Shinohara: None
Declared, T. Sato: None Declared, T. Tonai: None Declared, M. Shimizu: None Declared, Y. Shibata: None Declared, K. Kishi: None
Declared, C. Kubota: None Declared, S. Nakahara: None Declared,
T. Mori: None Declared, K. Ikeda: None Declared, S. Ota: None
Declared, T. Minamizaki: None Declared, S. Yamada: None
Declared, N. Shiota: None Declared, M. Kamei: None Declared, S.
Motokawa: None declared.
OR052
Is the incidence trend of heparin-induced
thrombocytopenia decreased by the increased use of
low-molecular-weight-heparin?
Aleidan F
College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for
Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Background: The increasing trend of using low-molecular-weight-heparin (LMWH) vs. unfractionated heparin (UFH) in hospitalized adult
patients is raising concerns about the incidence of heparin-induced
thrombocytopenia (HIT)
Aims: To assess the effect of prescribing UFH and LMWH on the
annual incidence of HIT, with additional analysis of the annual lab
requests for HIT antibodies and confirmed positive HIT tests at a single teaching center
Methods: A retrospective study analyzed the requests for heparininduced antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
among adult hospitalized patients during the period from January
2011 to December 2013. These patients received either UFH or
LMWH for prevention or therapeutic indications. Those with positive
immune-mediated HIT were identified and considered as case patients
Results: The main clinical demographic characteristics of the 116
patients who developed HIT were detrmined. In patients receiving
UFH and those receiving LMWH, the annual incidence rate of HIT
per one thousand patients was 4.42 and 0.46 in 2011 (P < 0.0001); 4.19
and 0.47 in 2012 (P < 0.0001); 3.48 and 0.50 in 2013 (P < 0.0001),
respectively, with an over 3-year incidence of 4.09 and 0.48
(P < 0.0001) respectively. The patients who received UFH were 8.5
times more likely to develop HIT than those who received LMWH. A
decrease in the total annual incidence rate of HIT, UFH and LMWH,
was observed: 3.24 in 2011, 2.62 in 2012 and 1.72 in 2013.The difference between the incidence in 2011 and 2013 was statistically significant (difference = 1.53, 95%CI 0.36 to 2.71, P = 0.006). The annual
number of patients receiving LMWH inversely correlated with annual
number of HIT assays performed, while the annual number of patients
receiving UFH correlated very closely with the annual numbers of
HIT assays performed
114
ABSTRACTS
Conclusion: In this three-year study period, we identified a decreasing

incidence rate of HIT in hospitalized adults patients which may be
attributed to the increasing use of LMWH over UFH
OR053
The impact of optical density cut-off on sensitivity and
specificity for the diagnosis of heparin induced
thrombocytopenia: a systematic review and metaanalysis
Duffett LD1,2, Carrier M1,2, Gal GL1,2, Rodger M1,2 and
Gandara E1,2
1
Hematology, University of Ottawa; 2Epidemiology, Ottawa
Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
Background: The current diagnostic approach to heparin induced
thrombocytopenia (HIT) relies on screening suspected patients with
immunological tests for the presence of anti-platelet factor 4 antibodies. These assays are limited by poor specificity, leaving many patients
with clinically suspected HIT to await results of less readily available
but more specific functional platelet activating assays. It has been suggested that increasing the cutoff for interpreting immunological assays
can increase the specificity without significantly compromising false
negative rate.
Aims: We performed a prospectively registered systematic review and
meta-analysis to estimate the sensitivity and specificity of immunological at varying optical density (OD) cutoff points.
Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and CENTRAL databases as well as abstracts from major scientific conferences and hand
search of references. Studies were included if they contained consecutive patients with clinically suspected HIT and underwent both immunological and functional HIT testing. Quality of included studies was
assessed by the QUADAS-2 criteria.
Results: A total of 19 studies met our inclusion criteria with a combined patient population of 13,485 patients. The effect of varying the
OD cut-off was such that as the OD threshold increases from 0.4 to
2.0 the sensitivity of the test decreases from 0.93 (95% CI 0.850.98)
to 0.56 (95% CI 0.210.87) and the specificity increases from 0.78
(95% CI 0.720.48) to 0.98 (95% CI 0.960.99). The best compromise
between sensitivity and specificity appears to be with an OD cutoff
threshold of between 0.60.99, which results in a sensitivity of 0.92
(95% CI 0.900.95), specificity of 0.88 (95% CI 0.840.92). Significant
heterogeneity between studies limits the interpretation of theses pooled
results.
Conclusion: Although promising, future prospective diagnostic studies
would be required before firm recommendations on changing the diagnostic approach to HIT can be made.
OR054
HIT or PIT- clinical relevance of the zymutest HIA IGG
(hyphen biomed) in a routine laboratory setting
ning A and Bergmann F
Czwalinna A, Steggewentz B, Arndt B, Gro
amedes group, Hannover, Germany
Background: A second pathomechanism due to antibodies against
protamine-heparin-complex (PIT) resulting in the clinical picture of
heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) was discovered and clinical
data have been published (Bakchoul T. 2013). Platelet activation is
similar via Fc gamma IIa receptor. The presence of platelet-activating
anti-protamine-heparin antibodies prior cardic surgery is associated
with early postoperative thrombocytopenia and an increased risk of

arterial thrombosis.
Aims: To investigate the clinical relevance of the Zymutest HIA IgG
(HYPHEN BioMed) in our cohort of patients, to determine prevalence of anti-protamin/heparin antibodies.
Methods: Samples sent to our laboratory (4008 in 21 months) to rule
out HIT were tested the same day with a functional assay (mod. aggregometry) and Zymutest HIA IgG (Hyphen Biomed; pos result OD
> 0.5). Heparin-neutralization procedure (HNP) was performed in
positive samples to rule out unspecific antibody (ab)-binding. HPN
was performed in patients with high likelyhood of previously exposure
to protamine sulfate (n = 96). When the HNP revealed specific ab
binding, we further differentiated if anti-protamine sulphate-heparin
ab were present (assay without platelet lysate).
Results: 91.6% (3672 samples) were tested as HIT negative, 2.9%
(n = 118) weak positive (OD > 0.5) and 3.0% (n = 122) were positive
(OD > 0.8). Out of 96 HPN-procedures 70 remained positive (specific
HIT ab). In 9 samples we could detect ab against protamine-heparincomplex, 17 revealed unspecific binding.
Conclusion: We found ab against protamine-heparin-complex in 9/201
(4.5%) positive samples. Even in patients pre-exposed to protamine,
PIT frequency is low in our cohort of patients. With the assumed
increase in diabetics, cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular surgery in the population this pathomechanism may become more important.
OR055
Evaluation of flow cytometric assay in the diagnosis of
HIT
Tardy B1,2, Montmartin A1, Piot M2, Chapelle C1,2, Akrour M1,
Alhenc-Gelas M3, Maistre ED4, Elalamy I5, Fontana P6,
Greinacher A7, Horellou M-H8, Lasne D9, Lecompte T10,
Legal G11, Lillo-LeLouet A12, Mullier F13, Nguyen P14,
Pouplard C15, Toussaint-Hacquard M16, Tomer A17, Tardy B1,2
and On behalf of HIT score study group
1
Inserm CIC 1408, Chu Saint-Etienne; 2EA3065, Universit
e Jean
ematologie Biologique,
Monnet, Saint-Etienne; 3Service H
^pital Europ
Ho
een Georges Pompidou, Paris; 4CRTH et centre des
^pital du Bocage, Dijon; 5Service H
ematologie
coagulopathies, Ho
^pital Tenon, Paris, France; 6Laboratoire
Biologique, Ho
^pitaux Universitaires de Geneve,
dh
emostase sp
eciale, Ho
Gen
eve, Switzerland; 7Immunologie und Transfusionsmedizin,
Ernst-Moritz-Arndt Universit
at, Greifswald, Germany;
8
^ pital COCHIN;
Laboratoire dh
emostase sp
eciale, Ho
9
^pital Necker Enfants Malades,
Laboratoire dh
ematologie, Ho
^pitaux Universitaires
ematologie, Ho
Paris, France; 10Service dH
de Gen
eve, Gen
eve, Switzerland; 11Ottawa hospital research
institute, university of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; 12Centre
^pital Europ
r
egional de pharmacovigilance, Ho
een Georges
ematologie-hemostase,
Pompidou, Paris, France; 13Laboratoire h
CHU Dinant Godinne UcL Namur, Yvoir, Belgium; 14Laboratoire
^pital R. DEBRE, Reims; 15Laboratoire
central dh
ematologie, Ho
ematologie
H
emostase, Facult
e de M
edecine, Tours; 16Service dH
Biologique, CHU de Nancy, Nancy, France; 171Institute of
Hematology and Blood Bank, Soroka University Medical Center,
Beer-Sheva, Israel
Background: Ready access to a rapid and reliable functional assay, not
requiring the use of radioactive reagents, is one of the major desires of
clinicians faced with a suspicion of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
(HIT).
ABSTRACTS
Aims: Our objective was to evaluate the performance of a functional
flow cytometric assay (FCA), compared to that of a serotonin release
assay (SRA), with regard to HIT diagnosis.
Methods: This was a multicenter study HIT score (NCT00748839)
in which the diagnosis of HIT was established by two independent
experts (three in the case of discordance) on the basis of clinical and
laboratory data. Plasma from 297 patients, randomly selected from
the total study population, was analyzed. Of these patients, 139 had a
positive HIT diagnosis and 158 were negative for HIT. SRA and FCA
were performed centrally. In accordance with published FCA methodology (Tomer, 1997), 10 ll of control fresh platelet-rich plasma were
incubated with 10 ll of patient plasma in the presence of heparin (0.3
or 100 IU mL1) or saline. Each sample was incubated with a mixture
of a platelet marker (PE-conjugated anti-CD41) and an activation
marker (FITC-CD62P mAb). Platelet suspensions were analyzed using
a BD Accuri C6 flow cytometer. Moreover, in order to evaluate labto-lab variability, samples from 10 patients were sent to five laboratories for analysis according to the FCA protocol.
Results: The sensitivity and specificity of the FCA were respectively
88% (95% CI: 8491) and 78% (95% CI: 7383), the sensitivity and
specificity of the SRA being respectively 79% (95% CI: 7484) and
90% (95% CI: 8693). The FCA was therefore more sensitive than the
SRA. The specificity of both assays was greatly improved by coupling
to IgG ELISA.
Conclusion: The FCA gave results similar to those of the SRA with
respect to HIT diagnosis. Taking into account its potential advantages, FCA seems to represent a promising method for routine practice.
Mechanical circulatory support and

devices
OR056
Acquired von willebrand syndrome is a common and
progressive condition among pediatric ECMO patients
Hui S-KR1,2, Pelkey GR3, Kostousov VV3, Nguyen TC2, Loftis LL2,
Thomas JA2 and Teruya J2,3,4
1
Pathology & Immunology; 2Pediatrics, Baylor College of
Medicine; 3Pathology, Texas Childrens Hospital; 4Medicine,
Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
Background: Hemorrhagic complications on ECMO are overall more
common in pediatrics than their adult counterparts. Acquired von
Willebrand syndrome (aVWS) can increase bleeding risk in ECMO
patients. However, the prevalence and severity of aVWS among pediatric patients on ECMO has not been well described.
Aims: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalent and characteristics of aVWS in pediatric ECMO patients.
Methods: Thirty three pediatric ECMO patients (age 1 day to 17 year
old) were included in this study. Plasma samples were collected on
ECMO day 1 and every 5 +/3 day until patients were off ECMO.
Studies performed included von Willebrand factor (VWF) antigen
(VWF:Ag), VWF ristocetin co-factor activity (VWF:RCo), VWF collagen binding assay (VWF:CBA), VWF propeptide (VWF:PP), and
ADAMTS13.In addition, VWF CBA to VWF:Ag ratio (CBA/Ag),
VWF:RCo to VWF:Ag ratio (RCo/Ag) and VWF:PP to VWF:Ag
ratio (PP/Ag) were calculated.
Results: VWF:Ag and VWF:RCo remained > 30% for all patients
which indicates quantitatively adequate VWF. However, mean RCo/
Ag was 0.5 (normal > 0.7) on day 1 and decreased significantly
(P < 0.05) to 0.3 on day 12. By day 20 all patients RCo/Ag were <0.7.
Similarly CBA/Ag was decreased at 0.5 (normal > 0.7) and remained
< 0.5. The decreased RCo/Ag and CBA/Ag were indicative of qualitative aVWS secondary to loss of high molecular weight VWF secondary
115
to high sheer in ECMO circuit. Mean PP/Ag and ADAMTS13 levels

remained within the normal ranges.
Conclusion: This study demonstrated that progressive aVWS was a
common finding among pediatric ECMO patients. The lack of
increased PP/Ag could be suggestive of decreased VWF production
response to ongoing destruction. Overall, the data suggest that the risk
of bleeding may increase during ECMO and supplementation of VWF
may be beneficial.
OR057
Comparison of the effect of dabigatran and warfarin on
mechanical heart valve-induced thrombin generation
Jaffer I1,2, Stafford AR2, Fredenburgh JC2, Whitlock RP1,3 and
Weitz JI2,4
1
Department of Surgery; 2Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis
Research Institute; 3Population Health Research Institute;
4
Departments of Medicine, Biochemistry, and Biomedical
Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
Background: Patients with mechanical heart valves (MHVs) require
lifelong warfarin therapy to prevent thromboembolism. Dabigatran is
at least as effective as warfarin for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation. The RE-ALIGN trial comparing dabigatran with warfarin in
patients with MHVs was stopped early because of more strokes and
bleeding with dabigatran.
Aims: To determine why dabigatran was less effective than warfarin,
we compared their effects on thrombin generation (TG) induced by
MHVs.
Methods: TG was quantified in the absence or presence of valve leaflets, or sewing ring segments (SRS). Studies were done in recalcified
plasma containing varying concentrations of dabigatran, or from
patients on warfarin with varying international normalized ratio
(INR) values.
Results: Mean endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) increased from a
background of 4401 192 nMmin to 5170 90, 7951 204, and
6675 463 in the presence of leaflets, Dacron SRS, and Teflon SRS,
respectively. In the presence of leaflets or SRS, ETP in factor (F) VIIdepleted and control plasma were similar. In contrast, ETP was
reduced to background levels in FXII-depleted plasma and was even
lower in FXI-depleted plasma. Dabigatran had little effect on ETP at
concentrations below 400 ng mL1, while warfarin suppressed ETP
when INR values exceeded 1.5. Therefore, warfarin attenuates TG
induced by MHVs more effectively than dabigatran and dabigatran
concentrations of 260 and 480 ng mL1 would be required to suppress
ETP to the same extent as warfarin at INR values of 2 and 3.5, respectively.
Conclusion: MHVs induce TG via the intrinsic pathway and generate
thrombin in concentrations that overwhelm clinically relevant concentrations of dabigatran. In contrast, by lowering the levels of FIX, FX
and prothrombin, warfarin is more effective than dabigatran at suppressing TG induced by MHVs. Our data suggest that strategies that
target FXII or FXI would suppress the root cause of thrombosis in
such patients.
Disclosure of Interest: I. Jaffer Grant/Research Support from: Hamilton Health Sciences New Investigator Fund, CCS-Bayer Grant, Boehringer-Ingelheim, A. Stafford: None Declared, J. Fredenburgh: None
Declared, R. Whitlock: None Declared, J. Weitz Grant/Research Support from: Boehringer-Ingelheim, Consultant for: Boehringer-Ingelheim.
116
ABSTRACTS
OR058
Assessment of platelet function and hemostasis in
neonates undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass
Brenner MK1, Bercovitz RS2, Cole R3, Niebler RA4, Scott J5,
Stuth E5, Mitchell M6, Tweddell J6, Woods R6, Woodrow
Benson D3 and Newman DK1
1
Blood Research Institute; 2Medical Sciences Institute, Blood
Center of Wisconsin; 3Herma Heart Care Center, Childrens
Hospital of Wisconsin; 4Pediatrics, Critical Care; 5Pediatrics,
Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin; 6Cardiothoracic
Surgery, Childrens Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA
Background: Excessive bleeding is a significant problem in pediatric
patients undergoing surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).
Thrombocytopenia and platelet function defects contribute to bleeding
with CPB in adults and older pediatric patients. Comparable data for
neonatal patients is lacking because of the large blood volume requirements of conventional platelet function tests.
Aims: To define changes in platelet count and function in neonates
during CPB.
Methods: Neonatal (< 30 day old) patients undergoing cardiac surgery
at Childrens Hospital of Wisconsin were enrolled. Blood was drawn
before surgery (baseline), while on CPB, upon removal from CPB, and
upon admission to the cardiac intensive care unit (CICU). Blood product transfusion was begun prior to removal from CPB, but after the
second blood draw. Platelet counts and fibrinogen levels were assessed
in the clinical diagnostic laboratory. Platelet receptor expression levels
and agonist-induced platelet activation were measured by flow cytometry. Rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) was performed at the
point of care.
Results: Platelet counts, fibrinogen levels, and agonist-induced platelet
activation decreased significantly on CPB relative to baseline, coincident with significant decreases in ROTEM EXTEM-MCF (maximum
clot firmness) and FIBTEM-MCF. Platelet counts, fibrinogen levels
and platelet responses to some agonists rose upon removal from CPB
and returned to baseline by the time of admission to the CICU, as did
ROTEM EXTEM-MCF. FIBTEM-MCF rose following removal
from CPB and at the time of admission to CICU but remained significantly lower than baseline values.
Conclusion: Thrombocytopenia, decreases in fibrinogen, and platelet
function defects are associated with CPB in neonatal cardiac surgery
patients and are corrected by transfusion following removal from
bypass. These changes are reflected by ROTEM. ROTEM and flow
cytometry are useful small volume assays of hemostasis and platelet
function in neonatal cardiac surgery patients.
OR059
Use of fibinolytic therapy in treatment of ventricular
assist device thrombosis
Dobesh P1,2, Trevarrow BJ1,2, Varnado SL1,2, Schenk AR1 and
Rome ET3
1
Pharmacy Practice, University of Nebraska Medical Center
College of Pharmacy; 2Pharmaceutical Care and Nutrition
Services, Nebraska Medicine; 3Internal Medicine, University of
Nebraska Medical Center College of Medicine, Omaha, USA
Background: A major complication of left ventricular assist device
(LVAD) placement includes pump thrombosis, resulting in device failure, stroke, need for emergent LVAD exchange or transplant, and
death. Fibrinolytic therapy is the only class of drugs to actively break
down thrombus. Pump exchange is preferred to fibrinolytic therapy,
but is not always feasible. In May 2012 our hospital standardized an
approach to use of t-PA for LVAD thrombosis.
Aims: To describe our cases of HeartMate II thrombosis treated with

t-PA.
Methods: Medical record review of patients with LVAD thrombosis
who received endoventricular t-PA. Data collection included patient
demographics, medical history, medications, laboratory values, LVAD
and hemodynamic measurements, and dates on any adverse outcomes
(bleeding, stroke, transplant, pump exchange, or death). Statistics are
descriptive and presented as mean with standard deviation.
Results: We identified 6 episodes of LVAD thrombosis treated with tPA into the left ventricle at a rate of 1 mg min1 for 30 min. All episodes involved Caucasian males with a mean age of 52.8 5.0 yrs
and a BMI of 35.3 4.4. All presented on aspirin and warfarin, with
4/6 presenting with an INR < 2.0. 50% were on dipyridamole. Time
from LVAD placement to thrombosis ranged from 52352 days (mean
161 days). All episodes had major hemolysis with a mean LDH of
1745 443 U L1. 4/6 episodes (66%) had a successful outcome from
t-PA therapy with no adverse outcomes for 6 months post therapy. In
the successful cases LDH returned to 762 239 U L1 within 5 days,
pulsatile index improved from 4.7 1.3 to 3.4 1.2, flow improved
from 6.4 1.1 to 7.8 2.0 L min1, and power improved from
7.3 0.9 to 6.6 0.5 watts. Of the 2 failures, 1 went into polymorphic VT and died the day after t-PA. The other had ischemic stroke
within 1 h of t-PA, followed by pump exchange, but had full recovery.
Conclusion: Using t-PA is a viable treatment option for LVAD thrombosis, but significant complications still remain a limitation.
OR060
Application of a microfluidic flow-based thrombosis
assay for post-operative pediatric cardiovascular
surgery patients
Othman N1, Gao X2, Walters H3 and Hines P2
1
Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, USA;
2
Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine; 3Department of
Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Wayne State University School
of Medicine, Detroit, USA
Background: Systemic-to-pulmonary shunts are surgically placed conduits that provide a stable source of pulmonary blood flow in infants
with single ventricle physiology. The high-shear environment inside
the shunt can activate platelets and cause thrombosis. Shunt obstruction is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in these patients;
therefore the infants are given prophylactic aspirin to prevent thrombosis. Current platelet function assays (whole blood aggregometry,
WBA) dont incorporate shear and may underestimate platelet activity. Platelet function tests which incorporate physiologic shear may
better predict the risk of shunt thrombosis
Aims: Determine whether a microfluidic thrombosis (MT) assay can
detect a change in whole blood platelet function in aspirin-treated
infants following shunt placement. Compare the kinetics of thrombus
formation obtained from the MT assay vs. the WBA assay
Methods: Baseline samples from 5 infants were obtained before, 24 h,
and 48 h post aspirin therapy. MT and WBA assays were performed
on blood samples with and without the addition of exogenous aspirin.
Lag time, slope, maximum amplitude, and area under curve (AUC)
were analyzed
Results: The MT assay detected a larger range in lag times and slope.
The WBA assay detected a larger range in maximum amplitude and
AUC. The addition of exogenous aspirin uniformly increased lag time,
and decreased slope, maximum amplitude, and AUC. After aspirin
administration in the pediatric intensive care unit, two patterns
emerged: 3 patients displayed a uniform increase in thrombosis
throughout the assay and 2 patients displayed an accelerated initial
increase to their maximum intensities followed by minimal changes in
thrombotic activity
ABSTRACTS
Conclusion: The MT assay detects a difference in platelet function in
post-operative patients before and after treatment with aspirin. The
MT assay may have potential to differentiate between thrombotic
states in these patients. Larger studies are necessary to determine clinical significance
NOACs in clinical practice

OR061
Adherence to anticoagulant treatment with dabigatran
and rivaroxaban in a real-world setting
m C2, Schulman S3 and
Khalili FA1,2, Suryanarayan D3, Lindstro
Majeed A4
1
Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd
Hospital; 2Stockholm Heart Center, Cardiology, Stockholm,
Sweden; 3Department of Hematology and Thromboembolism,
McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; 4Department of
Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Background: The non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are effective in stroke prevention in non-valvular atrial fibrillation and in the treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE).
Although adherence was excellent in the clinical trials with NOACs,
there is scarce data on this in clinical practice.
Aims: To compare adherence levels between the one-dose regimen of
rivaroxaban and the two-dose regimen of dabigatran among patients
in different clinical settings.
Methods: In a prospective cohort study data was collected on patients
treated with dabigatran and rivaroxaban for at least 3 months at four
different centers (two cardiology clinics, one family medicine clinic,
and one anticoagulation clinic) in Canada and Sweden. Information
on dabigatran and rivaroxaban prescriptions and refills was obtained
from pharmacies, from the time point of the first prescription by any
physician. We calculated the adherence from pharmacy refills.
Results: Data on 474 consecutive patients (205 on dabigatran, 269 on
rivaroxaban) was collected from the participating centers (49% female,
median age 73 years, range: 3695), of which 97% had atrial fibrillation, 3% had VTE. There were no significant differences between the
two treatment groups in age or sex. Patients on dabigatran and rivaroxaban were followed for a median (min-max) of 382 (981448) and
449 (95908) days, respectively (p-value 0.16). The median (interquartile range) estimated adherence was 100% (97100) on dabigatran and
100% (100100) on rivaroxaban with 93% and 96% of patients,
achieving adherence levels higher than 80%. None of the latter comparisons was statistically significant.
Conclusion: Our study shows high estimated adherence levels to dabigatran and rivaroxaban in clinical practice. There was no significant difference in the adherence level between the two-dose regimen of
dabigatran and the one-dose regimen of rivaroxaban.
Disclosure of Interest: F. Al Khalili: None Declared, D. Suryanarayan:
None Declared, C. Lindstr
om Employee of: Boehringer Ingelheim, S.
Schulman: None Declared, A. Majeed: None Declared
117
OR062
The impact of the introduction of dabigatran on
anticoagulant management in New Zealand
Harper PL, Pollock D, Chen L and Fong SC
North, New Zealand
Background: In New Zealand (NZ), dabigatran became available on
1st July 2011. It was expected that it would lead to a reduction in the
number of patients taking warfarin but an increase in the total number
of patients on anticoagulants for atrial fibrillation (AF).
Aims: To audit warfarin usage and the growth of dabigatran in NZ
since July 2011.
Methods: The change in anticoagulant use was evaluated from (1) prescribing data collected from the National Pharmaceutical database
(NPD) and (2) using INR data from a cohort of patients on warfarin
managed in the Central North Island of NZ (pop. 310,000). Data were
collected from 1/4/11 to 30/9/14. Ethics approval was obtained.
Results: Before July 2011, 7000 INR tests were performed per month
on 3400 patients in the central region of NZ. During the first
3 months following the introduction of dabigatran the INR test rate
dropped to 6300/mth on 3000 patients and plateaued at this rate over
the next 30mths. The proportion of patients with AF on warfarin fell
from 64% to 59% and median age increased from 76.8 to 78.4 yrs over
30 months. Data from the NPD showed 21,000 prescriptions/month
were issued for warfarin before July 2011 for 42,000 patients. This
dropped to 17,000 prescriptions for 38,000 patients within
3 months and has remained constant since. The number of patients
starting warfarin in NZ fell from 800 to 650/mth over 3 yrs. Since July
2011 the number of patients on dabigatran has grown steadily; within
3 months 8000 patients were taking dabigatran and this has gone
up to 16,000; 600 start and 300 stop dabigatran each month.
Conclusion: The introduction of dabigatran led to an initial 12% fall in
the number of patients taking warfarin. The stable numbers since with
an increased median age suggests that established patients remain on
warfarin with a small number changing to dabigatran. The majority of
dabigatran patients are new to anticoagulants. The total number of
patients on anticoagulants in NZ has increased 30% (42,000 to 55,000)
mainly for AF.
Disclosure of Interest: P. Harper Shareholder of: INR Online Ltd (warfarin Management software), D. Pollock: None Declared, L. Chen:
None Declared, S. C. Fong: None declared.
OR063
Real-world rivaroxaban levels from Kings college
hospital
Lang K, Patel J, Chitongo P, Czuprynska J, Roberts L, Patel R and
Arya R
Haematology, Kings College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust,
London, UK
Background: Routine monitoring is not recommended for direct-acting
anticoagulants, however as clinical experience grows there are circumstances in which it is desirable to measure drug levels: in patients with
bleeding or recurrent thrombosis; suboptimal renal function; and,
where absorption is in question. In considering the relevance of rivaroxaban levels for a given time post-dose, a peak and trough approach
has been proposed. Currently there is no available data on how drug
levels correlate with clinical outcomes.
Aims: To describe real-world rivaroxaban levels from patients at King
College Hospital.
Methods: Rivaroxaban levels taken from patients treated for all indications in 373 samples were evaluated. All were performed between
March 2013 and September 2014. Drug level analysis was using a calibrated anti-Xa assay. All patients were on once daily dosing regimens.
118
ABSTRACTS
Results: Mean values showed statistically significant correlation

between time from dose and drug level using Spearmans one-tailed
test (P < 0.01) for grouped quartiles of known sample times:
208.65 ng L1 at < 3 h (n = 98), 219.66 ng L1 at 312 h (n = 93),
114.45 ng L1 between 1219 h (n = 93) and 73.48 ng L1 after
> 19 h (n = 89). Taken alone, respective mean levels for the 15 mg
and 20 mg dosing regimens were similar at peak, 196.56 ng L1
(SD = 117.41) and 213.82 ng L1 (SD = 137.95) and at trough,
93.79 ng L1 (SD = 70.19) and 64.18 ng L1 (SD = 64.01). Wide
standard deviations demonstrate significant interindividual variability
in rivaroxaban levels at given time from dose.
Conclusion: Mean rivaroxaban value by time since dose show relatively
predictable levels with 15 mg and 20 mg dosing in real-world patients.
Our results compare favourably with the peak of 223 ng L1 (range
160360) proposed by original pharmacokinetic studies of rivaroxaban
and given as the reference range for levels in 2014 BCSH guidelines.
Work should now focus on validating how the current recommended
targets translate to clinical outcomes.
Disclosure of Interest: K. Lang: None Declared, J. Patel Grant/
Research Support from: Bayer PLC, P. Chitongo: None Declared, J.
Czuprynska: None Declared, L. Roberts Grant/Research Support
from: Covidien, Speaker Bureau of: Bayer PLC, Covidien, R. Patel
Speaker Bureau of: Bayer PLC, R. Arya Grant/Research Support
from: Bayer PLC, Covidien.
OR064
Prospective survey of adverse effects of non-vitamin k
oral anticoagulants in two UK hospital trusts
Myers O1, Pavord S2, Hagan M3 and Myers B1,4
1
Haematology, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester;
2
Haematology, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford;
3
Haematology, Lincoln County Hospital, Lincoln; 4Haematology,
Lincoln County Hospital;, Lincoln; Leicester, UK
Background: Non vitamin K oral anticoagulants (NOACS) have
increased in use over the last few years in the UK. Three are currently
available: Apixaban (A), Rivaroxaban (R) and Dabigatran (D). As
they are still new to the UK market, we prospectively monitore the
side-effect profile at two hospital trusts.
Aims: The aims were to determine the percentage, type and duration
of side-effects experienced by patients on NOACS by prospective monitoring of real world data.
Methods: Data was recorded at 12 weeks and 36 months after starting a NOAC. The data recorded includsed the following: age, gender,
indication, type/duration of adverse effect, and if continued,
Results: A total of 493 patients were included. The average age was 71
(range 2096). The male:female ratio was equal with 246 females and
247 males. 346 patients were on a NOAC for stroke prevention in
atrial fibrillation, and the remainder for venous thrombo-embolism
(VTE). Side-effects were reported in 20% on A, 31% on R and in 40%
on D. Gastro-intestinal disturbance occurred in 6.5% on A, 13% on R
and in 24% on D.Both fatigue and headache occurred in about 5%
across each group, and dizziness in 2.7% on A, 6% on R and 11% on
D. Minor bleeding was common in all groups but did not cause
patients to discontiue. Major bleeding was very rare, with one episode
in A and R groups. Menorrhagia was reported more commonly in the
R group, but this was likely due to use of R preferentially in younger
patients for VTE treatment. Patients on D appeared to be more likely
to have multiple side-effects. The symptoms of headache and dizziness
were often temporary, and resolved if patients continued.
Conclusion: In conclusion, side-effects were common, but many were
transitory and patients were able to continue. apixaban had the best
profile across all side-effects, and dabigatran the worst, the latter often
causing multiple side-effects in individuals affected. Major bleeding
events were very rare with all the drugs, despite the largely elderly population.
OR065
Dabigatran but not rivaroxaban or apixaban reduces
fibrinolytic resistance in patients with atrial fibrillation
Ammollo CT1, Semeraro F1, Incampo F1, Dellanoce C2,
Paoletti O2, Testa S2 and Colucci M1
1
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology,
University Aldo Moro, Bari, 2Haemostasis and Thrombosis
Center, Department of Clinical Pathology, AO Istituti Ospitalieri,
Cremona, Italy
Background: Most anticoagulants stimulate fibrinolysis in vitro
through TAFI-dependent and TAFI-independent mechanisms.
Aims: We evaluated the effect of dabigatran, rivaroxaban and apixaban treatment on plasma fibrinolysis in patients with non-valvular
atrial fibrillation.
Methods: Three groups of 2125 patients, receiving therapeutic doses
of dabigatran etexilate, rivaroxaban or apixaban were studied. Plasma
was obtained in the morning just before (trough) and 2 h after drug
intake (peak). Median concentrations (ng mL1) at trough and peak
were, respectively, 58 and 152 for dabigatran, 26 and 194 for rivaroxaban, and 115 and 240 for apixaban.
Results: Fibrinolytic resistance, measured as the lysis time of plasma
clots exposed to 30 ng mL1 t-PA, was significantly lower in peak
than in trough samples in dabigatran group (P = 0.0001) but not in
rivaroxaban and apixaban groups (P > 0.15). Accordingly, drug concentration correlated with lysis time in dabigatran group only (rho 0.55, P = 0.0002). The median lysis time was shorter in dabigatran
group as compared to the other two groups, both at trough (P = 0.05)
and peak (P = 0.0002). This difference, however, disappeared
(P > 0.5) if the fibrinolytic assay was performed in the presence of
PTCI (TAFIa inhibitor), suggesting that the profibrinolytic effect of
dabigatran treatment was largely TAFI-mediated. Thrombin generation (ETP) and TAFI activation were markedly lower in peak than in
trough samples in all three groups (P 0.0001). However, TAFIa levels in trough and peak samples were significantly lower in dabigatran
group than in rivaroxaban and apixaban groups (P < 0.001), indicating a stronger inhibition of thrombin-mediated TAFI activation by dabigatran.
Conclusion: Dabigatran treatment reduces fibrinolytic resistance
because, contrary to rivaroxaban and apixaban, it is able to decrease
TAFIa generation below the threshold level required to halt the fibrinolytic process. Fibrinolysis stimulation may contribute to the antithrombotic activity of dabigatran.
Management of bleeding
OR066
Role of tranexamic acid in reducing bleeding episodes
and requirement of platelet support in patients with
aplastic anemia
Mishra P, Kumar S, Mahapatra M and Seth T
Hematology, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
Background: Patients with aplastic anemia require frequent admissions
and suffer both mortality and morbidity on account of bleeds. Tranexamic acid has been found to be useful in patients with acute leuke-
ABSTRACTS
mia undergoing chemotherapy. We studied its beneficial effects in
patients with aplastic anemia.
Aims: To study the benefit of adding oral tranexamic acid as prophylaxis in patients with aplastic anemia.
Methods: We enrolled 80 patients > 18 years with acquired aplastic
anemia. Group 1 received oral tranexamic prophylaxis at 500 mg TDS
throughout the study period of 3 months and group 2 patients
received tranexamic acid along with platelet support only during
bleeding episodes. The student test/Mann Whitney test was applied to
compare quantitative data between the two groups. Chi square test /
Fisher exact test was applied to compare qualitative data. P value
< 0.05 was considered as significant.
Results: Of the 80 patients enrolled, 6 died and 10 were lost to followup. The baseline data in group 1 and group 2 was as follows: median age 20 years (range 1855) and 23 years (range 1955), 28 and 33
males respectively, median total leukocyte counts 2000/mm3 and
1800/mm3, media platelet counts 9000/mm3 in both groups, sever
aplastic anemic 35 and 36, very severe aplastics 5 and 4 respectively.
The average requirement of pooled paltelets in group 1 during study
period was 14.06 5.29 units and in group 2 it was 11.55 6.03
units. The average requirement of packed RBCs was 10.61 2.18
units in group 1 and 10.91 2.40 units in group 2 patients. The average numbers of major bleeding episodes were 0.18 0.39 in group 1
and 0.40 0.50 were in group 2 patients and average numbers of
minor bleeding episodes were 3.18 1.74 in group 1 patients and
4.13 1.76 was in group 2 patients. These differences were not statistically different.
Conclusion: Tranexamic acid did not reduce the bleeding episodes or
requirement of blood component support in this cohort of patients
with aplastic anemia.
OR067
Effects of idarucizumab, given as a split dose, in a
blunt liver double trauma model in pigs receiving
dabigatran
Honickel M1, van Ryn J2, Rossaint R1, Cate Ht3, Spronk H3 and
Grottke O1
1
Anesthesiology, RWTH University Hospital, Aachen;
2
CardioMetabolic Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim,
Biberach, Germany; 3Clinical Thrombosis and Haemostasis,
Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
Background: Reversal of dabigatran with idarucizumab together with
other resuscitation measures may become first line treatment in bleeding, traumatized patients on dabigatran anticoagulation.
Aims: This study tested the effect of the antibody fragment (Fab), idarucizumab, given once or as a split dose, on blood loss (BL) and coagulation after double trauma using a blunt liver injury in pigs
anticoagulated with dabigatran.
Methods: Dabigatran etexilate (30 mg kg1 bid) was given to 18 male
pigs for 3 days after ethical approval. On day 4, pigs were anesthetized
and given a dabigatran infusion before blunt liver injury. Animals
were randomized to receive, 60 + 0, 60 + 60 or 120 + 0 mg kg1 idarucizumab 1 h apart (120 mg kg1 Fab is equimolar to the dabigatran
dose). Prior to the 2nd dose, a 2nd liver injury was made on a different
lobe. BL, hemodynamic and coagulation parameters were monitored
for 5 h or until death.
Results: Dabigatran levels were 1128 160 ng mL1 prior to the 1st
trauma. BL was ~800 mL 12 min after trauma but before treatment
with 60 + 0, 60 + 60 or 120 + 0 Fab and similar among groups
(P > 0.05). BL increased from ~800 mL to 990 109 mL,
988 84 mL or 964 75 mL 1 h after treatment, respectively
(P > 0.05 between groups). Treating with vehicle after the 2nd injury
(60 + 0) resulted in total BL of 4167 550 mL with 83% mortality
119
(P < 0.001 vs other groups). 120 + 0 Fab resulted in total BL of

1659 346 mL and 100% survival 4 h after a 2nd injury. Splitting
the Fab dose (60 + 60) resulted in a comparable BL (1426 106 mL)
and also 100% survival. Dabigatran anticoagulation, measured as
dTT, aPTT or ECT was partially reversed after 60 + 0, but completely
reversed with 60 + 60 and 120 + 0.
Conclusion: Idarucizumab rapidly reduced continuous bleeding
induced by 2 traumatic injuries in animals under dabigatran anticoagulation and improved survival in this lethal porcine model. Equimolar
inhibition of dabigatran resulted in anticoagulation reversal and
restored hemostasis, regardless of whether given as a single or split
dose.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Honickel: None Declared, J. van Ryn
Employee of: Boehringer Ingelheim, R. Rossaint Consultant for: CSL
Behring, Novo Nordisk, H. ten Cate Grant/Research Support from:
Bayer Healthcare, Leo Pharma, Boehringer Ingelheim, Pfizer, Consultant for: Bayer Healthcare, Boehringer Ingelheim, H. Spronk Grant/
Research Support from: Boehringer Ingelheim, Consultant for: Bayer
Healthcare, O. Grottke Grant/Research Support from: CSL Behring,
Novo Nordisk, Biotest, Boehringer Ingelheim, Consultant for: Bayer
Healthcare, Portola, Boehringer Ingelheim.
OR068
Hemodialysis for the treatment of dabigatranassociated bleeding: a systematic review of the
literature
Chai-Adisaksopha C, Hillis C, Lim W, Boonyawat K and
Crowther M
Haematology and Thromboembolism, Mcmaster University,
Hamilton, Canada
Background: Dabigatran, a direct thrombin inhibitor, is effective for
the treatment of venous thromboembolism and prevention of stroke
and systemic embolism from atrial fibrillation. The most effective
means of reversing the anticoagulant effect of dabigatran in patients
who have bleeding complications is unclear. We describe a case and
review the literature assessing the efficacy of hemodialysis for the elimination of dabigatran.
Aims: To evaluate the efficacy of hemodialysis for dabigatran removal
in patients with bleeding.
Methods: We performed literature search of MEDLINE and EMBASE up to October 2014. Articles were selected if the patients presented with dabigatran-associated bleeding, underwent hemodialysis
for dabigatran removal and reported the effect on bleeding.
Results: The search yielded 135 citations; 15 studies involving 20
unique cases were included in a qualitative systematic review. Median
patient age was 77.5 years (range: 5894), 9 (45%) were female and
90% of patients received dabigatran for atrial fibrillation. All patients
had renal impairment (creatinine clearance < 80 mL min1). Fourteen
patients (70%) underwent intermittent hemodialysis, 5 patients (25%)
underwent continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) and 1
patient underwent both intermittent hemodialysis and CRRT. Following hemodialysis, there were significant reductions in dabigatran levels
(P-value = 0.01). Rebound of the dabigatran level was reported in 6 of
8 patients following cessation of dialysis . Hemostasis was reportedly
achieved in 14 patients (70%) and 4 patients (20%) died due to bleeding.
Conclusion: Hemodialysis appears to be effective in reducing the anticoagulant effect of dabigatran in patients with dabigatran-associated
bleeding but a rebound in levels may be seen following withdrawal of
dialysis. This finding suggests that prolonged dialysis exposure may be
more effective than shorter courses.
120
ABSTRACTS
OR069
Optimal timing of warfarin resumption after warfarin
related upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Majeed A1, Eriksson J2, Wallvik N2 and Schulman S3
1
Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital and Institute,
Stockholm; 2Department of Internal Medicine, SUndsvalls
Hospital, Sundsvall, Sweden; 3Department of Medicine,
McMaster University, and Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis
Research Institute, Hamilton, Canada
Background: The outcome and optimal timing of warfarin resumption
after warfarin-related upper gastrointestinal bleeding (WUGIB) is not
well studied.
Aims: To describe the risk of recurrent gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding
or thromboembolic events in relation to warfarin resumption status
after WUGIB.
Methods: Retrospective review of medical journals of patients who suffered WUGIB between 2004 and 2010 in one center in Canada and
three centers in Sweden. Data on the timing and occurrence of recurrent GI bleeding or thromboembolic events before and after warfarin
resumption were collected.
Results: In total, 207 patients with WUGIB were included in the study
(median age 77 years, women 37%). The majority of patients had cardiac indication for warfarin treatment (atrial fibrillation 63%, mechanical heart valves 14%). Patients were followed for a median
(interquartile range [IQR]) of 124 (45224) weeks, during which 27%
suffered recurrent GI bleeding. Fifty percent of the patients died during follow-up after a median (IQR) of 84 (18152) weeks. Warfarin
was resumed in 58% of the patients after a median (IQR) of 1.0 (0.2
4.0) weeks. Warfarin resumption earlier than 3 weeks after WUGIB
was associated with a significant increase in the risk of recurrent GI
bleeding (log-rank p-value 0.014), with no such difference seen when
warfarin was resumed after 3 weeks (log rank P-value = 0.52). Four
patients with atrial fibrillation suffered thromboembolic events within
3 weeks after WUGIB as compared to 17 events occurring after
3 weeks (including 5 events in patients who resumed warfarin, all
occurring after 85 weeks after warfarin resumption).
Conclusion: WUGIB is associated with high recurrence and mortality
rates. Warfarin resumption later than 3 weeks after WUGIB seems to
be associated with lowest thromboembolism/ GI bleeding recurrence
rates.
OR070
Fibrinogen concentrate improves fibrin network
structure during orthotopic liver transplantation
Groeneveld D1, Adelmeijer J1, Hugenholtz G1, Porte R2 and
Lisman T1,2
1
Surgical Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery;
2
Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation,
Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen,
Groningen, Netherlands
Background: Optimal coagulation management remains a challenge in
orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) due to impaired synthesis and/
or catabolism of hemostatic proteins and decreased platelet counts in
patients with liver disease. Fibrinogen concentrates are increasingly
used, but the use of these concentrates to correct the perioperative
bleeding is based on empirical evidence and arbitrary thresholds of
fibrinogen levels. Studies on clot structure are lacking.
Aims: We aimed to determine the haemostatic efficacy of fibrinogen
concentrate in correcting fibrin structure.
Methods: Plasma samples were obtained at the start of surgery, in the
anhepatic phase, after reperfusion, and at the end of surgery. Plasma
samples of 15 patients and 15 controls were spiked with 1 g L1 of

fibrinogen concentrate. Fibrin polymerization was monitored by
changes in turbidity. Fiber density was determined by measuring fibers
crossing a line using confocal microscopy. The average pore size of the
fibrin clot (Ks) was assayed in permeation studies.
Results: Fibrin polymerization was significantly decreased at the start
of the surgery compared with controls and decreased even further during surgery. Addition of fibrinogen increased polymerization significantly for all time points, but did not normalize it. Fibrin density was
significantly reduced after reperfusion compared with fiber density at
the start of surgery and with healthy controls. Fibrin density improved
significantly after addition of fibrinogen. The severely impaired polymerization and decreased density after reperfusion was accompanied
with significantly increased permeability of the clot compared with the
start of surgery and controls. Addition of fibrinogen completely
restored the permeability of the clots at the start of surgery and after
reperfusion.
Conclusion: Ex vivo addition of fibrinogen concentrate during OLT
substantially improved structural properties of the fibrin clot, which,
particularly after reperfusion, displayed hypocoagulable features.
Disclosure of Interest: D. Groeneveld: None Declared, J. Adelmeijer:
None Declared, G. Hugenholtz: None Declared, R. Porte: None
Declared, T. Lisman Grant/Research Support from: This work was
supported in part by grants from The Netherlands Organization for
Scientific Research (VIDI, 917.11.304).
Venous thromboembolism
epidemiology I
OR071
Impact of incident myocardial infarction on future risk
of venous thromboembolism
Rinde LB1, Sm
abrekke B1, Lind C1,2, Njlstad I1,3,
1,3,4
, Hald EM1,2,5, Brkkan SK1,2,5 and
Mathiesen EB
1,2,5
Hansen J-B
1
Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of
Norway, K. G. Jebsen Thrombosis Research and Expertise Center;
2
Norway, Hematological Research Group HERG; 3UiT The Arctic
University of Norway, Department of Community Medicine;
4
Norway, Brain and Circulation Research Group; 5University
Hospital of North Norway, Division of Internal Medicine,
Troms, Norway
Background: Recent studies have demonstrated an association between
venous thromboembolism (VTE) and arterial thrombotic diseases.
Results from a large registry-based cohort study suggest that the opposite interrelation exists between myocardial infarction (MI) and future
risk of VTE. Data from registry-based studies should, however, be
interpreted with caution due to lack of validation of outcomes and
ability to adjust for confounders.
Aims: To study the association between incident MI and VTE in a
large prospective cohort recruited from a general population.
Methods: Participants from the Troms study (n = 29 506) without a
previous history of VTE and MI were followed from baseline to the date
of an incident VTE, death, migration or the end of the study period.
Cox regression models with age as time scale and MI as a time-dependent variable were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) adjusted for sex,
BMI, diabetes, smoking, blood pressure, HDL-cholesterol, physical
activity and education. The study was approved by the regional ethical
committee and all subjects gave their informed written consent.
Results: There were 1924 cases of first-time MI with 48 subsequent
VTEs during a median follow-up of 15.7 years. MI was associated
ABSTRACTS
with a 51% increased risk of VTE (HR 1.51; 95% CI, 1.082.10) and
70% increased risk of pulmonary embolism (PE) (HR 1.70, 95% CI
1.052.75), but there was no significant association with deep vein
thrombosis (DVT). MI explained 6.2% of the PEs in the population
(population attributable risk) and 78.5% of the PE risk in MI patients
(attributable risk). The highest risk estimates were observed during the
first sixth months after MI (HR 8.49; 95% CI, 4.0018.77).
Conclusion: Our findings indicate that MI is associated with increased
risk of VTE independent of traditional cardiovascular risk factors.
The risk estimates was particularly high for PE, and 6.2% of the PEs
in the population was attributed to MI.
OR072
Development and validation of a patient selfadministered villalta scale for patient self-assessment
of the post-thrombotic syndrome
Utne K1, Ghanima W1, Sandset PM2, Kahn S3 and Wik HS2
1
Hematology, Ostfold Hospital Trust, Fredrikstad; 2Hematology,
Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; 3Centre
for Clinical Epidemiology, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal,
Canada
Background: Post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) is a long-term complication of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The Villalta scale is the recommended tool for diagnosing PTS, but requires a clinicians assessment
in addition to patient self-assessment.
Aims: To validate a self-administered tool for patient reporting of leg
symptoms and signs as a mean to assess the post-thrombotic syndrome.
Methods: The first part of the study involved validation of a simple
form for patient-reported Villalta (PRV1). PTS diagnosed using
PRV1 scale showed low concordance with PTS diagnosed by the original Villalta scale. Consequently, we developed a visually-assisted form
for patients reporting of signs and symptoms of the Villalta scale
(PRV2), which was based on a visual guide developed by Kahn et al.
(J Thromb Haemost 2009; 7: 879). The validity of PRV1 and PRV2
was assessed in patients diagnosed with DVT between 2004 and 2012.
Mean time from DVT to inclusion was 5.1 and 4.3 years for PRV1
and PRV2, respectively. Patients were requested to complete the PRV
form before a scheduled visit. At the visit PTS was diagnosed by the
original Villalta scale, which served as the reference method.
Results: PRV1 showed only moderate agreement for diagnosing PTS
compared to the original Villalta scale (kappa agreement 0.61, 95% CI
0.490.73). Among 94 patients (median age 61 years, IQR 51
70 years) who participated in the validation of PRV2, PTS was diagnosed in 54 (57%) patients according to original Villalta scale and 61
(65%) by PRV2. The kappa agreement between the two assessments
was 0.82 (95% CI 0.700.94; very good agreement). The sensitivity of
PRV2 was 99% and the specificity was 83%.
Conclusion: The visually assisted form for PRV is a valid and sensitive
tool for diagnosing PTS. Such a tool could be applied in further clinical studies of PTS, making studies less resource demanding by reducing the need for in-person clinic visits.
121
OR073
Outcomes from the national venous thromboembolism
prevention programme in England
Roberts L1, Morrison H2, Abbott T3, Healey F2, Durkin M2 and
Arya R1
1
Kings Thrombosis Centre, Department of Haematological
Medicine, Kings College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust;
2
Patient Safety, NHS England, London; 3Harvey Walsh Solutions,
Cheshire, UK
Background: The National Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) Prevention Programme was launched in England in 2010 to reduce avoidable
death, disability and ill health as a consequence of hospital-associated
thrombosis (HAT). The programme encompassed mandatory VTE
risk assessment (RA) using a national RA tool, national guidance on
thromboprophylaxis and requirements for audit and root cause analysis. Supporting resources include the national VTE exemplar network,
a national VTE prevention website, e-learning and patient information.
Aims: To determine the impact of the National VTE Prevention Programme.
Methods: VTE RA rates were retrieved from the UNIFY database and
expenditure data on prophylactic heparin from NHS information centre. Hospital Episode Statistics were examined to determine the incidence of HAT defined as any VTE occurring within 90 days of
discharge.
Results: VTE RA rates increased significantly from 46.7% (July 2010)
to 91.3% (November 2011) and now maintained at 96%. Weighted
hospital expenditure on prophylactic heparin increased by 23.8% from
2009 to 2011 and then stabilised. The VTE e-learning module has been
completed by > 20000 individuals with 1054 website visits/month. The
incidence of HAT overall remains unchanged. Within elective admissions, there was a reduction in the incidence of deep vein thrombosis
(DVT), particularly in high VTE risk patients (18.2 vs 15.6 per 1000
readmissions in 2006 vs 2013 respectively) with marked reduction in
high risk surgical patients (22.1 vs 17.2), and a reduction in mortality
due to VTE from 3.5 to 2.6. Of note, within low VTE risk groups, the
incidence of VTE increased over this time period suggesting increased
diagnostic rates, which may be a reflection of raised VTE awareness.
Financial incentives driving improved coding may be an additional
contributor.
Conclusion: The National VTE Prevention Programme has significantly improved VTE RA and prescription of thromboprophylaxis
with a reduction in DVT incidence associated with elective hospital
admissions.
Disclosure of Interest: L. Roberts Grant/Research Support from: Covidien, Speaker Bureau of: Bayer PLC & Covidien, H. Morrison: None
Declared, T. Abbott: None Declared, F. Healey: None Declared, M.
Durkin: None Declared, R. Arya Grant/Research Support from:
Bayer PLC & Covidien.
122
ABSTRACTS
OR074
Risk stratification of patients with acute symptomatic
pulmonary embolism based on presence or absence of
deep vein thrombosis: systematic review and metaanalysis
Becattini C1, Cohen AT2, Agnelli G1, Howard L3, Castejon B4,
Trujillo-Santos J5, Monreal M6, Perrier A7, Yusen RD8 and
Jimenez D9
1
University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy; 2Guys and St Thomas NHS
Foundation Trust; 3Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust,
London, UK; 4Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Irycis, Madrid; 5Santa
Lucia Hospital, Cartagena; 6Germans Trias I Pujol Hospital,
Badalona, Spain; 7Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of
Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland; 8Washington University School
of Medicine, St. Louis, USA; 9Respiratory Department, Ramon y
Cajal Hospital, Irycis, Madrid, Spain
Background: The prognostic significance of concomitant deep vein
thrombosis (DVT) in patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE)
lacks clarity.
Aims: In patients with acute symptomatic PE, we compared the risk of
death in those with and those without concomitant DVT.
Methods: We performed a systematic review and a meta-analysis of
studies in patients with acute PE to assess the prognostic value of concomitant DVT for 30-day all-cause mortality and 90-day PE-related
adverse outcomes (PE-related death or non fatal venous thromboembolic recurrences). We conducted unrestricted searches of Medline and
Embase from 1980 through September 30, 2014 and used the terms
deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and prognos*. We
used a random-effects model to pool study results; funnel-plot inspection to evaluate for publication bias; and I2 testing to assess for heterogeneity.
Results: The analyses included data from 10 studies (8859 patients).
Two hundred seventy two of 4379 patients with concomitant DVT
died (6.2%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.5 to 7.0) compared with
133 of 3489 without DVT (3.8%; 95% CI, 3.2 to 4.5). Concomitant
DVT had a significant association with 30-day all-cause mortality in
all patients (7 studies; odds ratio [OR], 1.9; 95% CI, 1.5 to 2.4;
I2 = 0%) and in the subgroup of hemodynamically stable patients (2
studies; OR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.2 to 2.8; I2 = 0%). Concomitant DVT was
not significantly associated with 90-day PE-related adverse outcomes
(5 studies; OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 0.8 to 3.4; I2 = 75%).
Conclusion: In patients diagnosed with acute symptomatic PE, whether
or not stratified by hemodynamic stability, concomitant DVT was significantly associated with an increased risk of death.
OR075
Regular physical activity and future risk of myocardial
infarction and venous thrombosis the troms study
Braekkan S1,2, Brodin EE1, Vik A1, Wilsgaard T3, Njlstad I3,
Mathiesen EB4,5 and Hansen J-B1,2
1
Thrombosis Research and Expertise Center TREC, Department of
Clinical Medicine, Uit - The Arctic University of Norway;
2
Norway; 3Department of Community Medicine; 4Brain and
Circulation Research Group, Department of Community
Medicine, Uit - The Arctic University of Norway; 5Department of
Neurology, University Hospital of North Norway, Troms,
Norway
Background: Arterial and venous thrombosis are reported to be interrelated, potentially through shared risk factors. Physical activity is
known to have a beneficial impact on the risk of myocardial infarction

(MI), whereas the relationship between physical activity and venous
thromboembolism (VTE) is less clear.
Aims: To assess and compare the associations between the weekly
duration of high-intensity physical activity and risk of MI and VTE,
respectively, in a cohort recruited from the general population.
Methods: The study included 25980 subjects enrolled in the 4th (1994/
95) survey of the Troms study. Self-reported weekly hours of hard
physical activity (activity associated with sweat/breathlessness) were
assessed in four categories (none, < 1 h, 12 h and 3 or more
hours) at baseline, and 5296 subjects were re-measured at the fifth
survey (2001/02). All validated incident events of MI and VTE were
recorded up to study end (Dec 2010). Cox-regression models with
physical activity as a time-varying exposure were used to calculate hazard ratios for MI and VTE adjusted for age, sex and BMI.
Results: There were 1846 MIs and 576 VTEs during a median of
15.8 years of follow-up. Increasing hours of physical activity were
associated with reduced risk of MI (p for trend across categories
< 0.001), and subjects who reported 3 h/week had 35% lower risk
than those who reported no activity (HR 0.75, 95% CI: 0.620.89).
There was no gradient across increasing categories of physical activity
and risk of VTE (p for trend 0.7) and the HR for 3 h/week vs. no
activity was 1.00 (95%CI: 0.731.37). However, subjects who reported
< 1 h/week of physical activity had a 22% lower risk of VTE (HR
0.78, 95% CI: 0.611.00).
Conclusion: Physical activity had differential impact on MI and VTE
risks. Moderate amounts of physical activity protected against VTE,
whereas an inverse dose-response relation appeared between the
weekly amount of physical activity and MI risk.
Thrombophilia
OR076
Antithrombin dublin (P.VAL30GLU): a polymorphism
with moderate risk of thrombosis that causes a
transient antithrombin deficiency by intracellular
folding into the latent conformation
Navarro-Fernandez J1, de la Morena-Barrio ME1, Padilla J1,

~ano A1, Bohdan N1, Aguila
S1, Martnez-Martnez I1,
Min
2
3
andez-Mosteirin N4, Llamas P5,
Sevivas T , de Cos C , Fern
6
7
Asenjo S , Medina P , Souto JC8, Overvad K9, Kristensen SR10,
Vicente V1 and Corral J1
1
Servicio de Hematologa y Oncologa M
edica. Universidad
n. Imib, Murcia, Spain;
Murcia, Centro Regional Hemodonacio
2
Servico de Hematologia, Centro Hospitalar e Universit
ario de
Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; 3Servicio Hematologa, Hospital
n,
Universitario Puerta del Mar, C
adiz; 4Unidad de coagulacio
Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza; 5Servicio
n Jim
Hematologa y Hemoterapia, Fundacio
enez Daz; 6Hospital
Universitario Clnico San Carlos, Madrid; 7Instituto de
n Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia; 8Institute of Biomedical
Investigacio
Research of Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona,
Spain; 9Department of Cardiology, Center for Cardiovascular
Research, Aalborg University Hospital; 10Department of Clinical
Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
Background: The key role of antithrombin (AT) in hemostasis explains
the high risk of thrombosis associated with its deficiency but makes
difficult to understand the low incidence of AT deficiency among
patients with venous thrombosis.
Aims: To find out and characterize transient defects of AT that might
be underdiagnosed by functional methods.
ABSTRACTS
Methods: SERPINC1, the gene encoding AT, was sequenced in 162
subjects with a positive test for AT deficiency. Recombinant AT was
expressed in HEK-EBNA cells. Biochemical (Edmans sequencing, calorimetry and electrophoresis) and functional analysis of purified proteins were also done. Thrombotic relevance was tested in a case
control study including 1593 patients with venous thrombosis and
2592 controls from 2 populations.
Results: p.Val30Glu, responsible for the Dublin variant, was identified
in 7/162 cases, 2 with double heterozygosity. The 5 cases carrying only
this mutation had AT activity within the normal range in the sample
delivered to our laboratory. In our recombinant system this mutation
did not significantly affect the secretion of the variant, which lacks the
2 amino-terminal residues as does the variant purified from carriers
plasma. However, both intracellular and secreted recombinant variant
folded into a latent non-inhibitory conformation. Genotyping of
p.Val30Glu revealed that it is a low prevalent polymorphism (0.3%)
that moderately increased the risk of venous thrombosis (OR:2.7; 95%
CI:1.046.96; P = 0.02) and identified one homozygous patient with
an early thrombotic event.
Conclusion: p.Val30Glu is a new mild prothrombotic polymorphism
that has transient functional consequences in AT. By affecting the
cleavage of ATs signal peptide, the variant AT lacks the N-terminal
dipeptide, a defect with no significant functional consequences in normal conditions, but that allows the intracellular folding into a latent
conformation under certain conditions, with loss of function and
increased risk of thrombosis.
OR077
Age-dependent factor IX activity in association with
the A/A-genotype of F9 G32023A -polymorphism
(RS440051) and consequent risk of venous
thromboembolism (VTE)
Zotz RB1, Szafarczyk D2, Scharf RE2 and Gerhardt A3
1
Center for Blood Coagulation and Transfusion Medicine (CBT);
2
Department of Hemostasis and Transfusion Medicine, Heinrich
Heine University Medical Center, Duesseldorf; 3Department of
Hemostasis and Transfusion Medicine, Blutgerinnung Ulm, Ulm,
Germany
Background: In animal experiments, an age-related increase element
(AIE) in the factor 9 gene has been found to elevate factor IX activity
with age (Kurachi et al. 2005).
Aims: We investigated whether there are genetic variants in the factor
9-associated age element in humans associated with a higher than proportional increase of factor IX activity with age, constituting a risk
factor of VTE.
Methods: We recruited VTE patients (n = 187) and controls (n = 200)
matched for age, sex and estrogen therapy and sequenced their AIE in
the factor 9 gene. We then tested a larger cohort of female patients for
one polymorphism found to be associated with VTE in females.
Results: We identified six polymorphisms in the AIE, one of which
(genotype AA of F9 G32023A polymorphism [rs440051]) was associated
with an age-dependent increased risk of VTE in females, but not in males
(> 50 years of age: 15/167 [9.0%] vs. 8/222 controls [3.60%], OR 2.64
[95% CI 1.096.38]). In a multivariate model, factor IX activity increased
significantly in the presence of genotype AA (P = 0.033) and with age
(P = 0.004). Furthermore, the polymorphism showed a significant interaction (P = 0.033) with age leading to increased factor IX activity.
Conclusion: The genotype AA of F9 G32023A polymorphism
(rs440051) is associated with an age-dependent increase in factor IX
activity and risk of VTE in females. Our results may be explained by
findings of a heterogeneous, age-dependent incomplete inactivation of
the X chromosome in females.
123
OR078
The incidence of VTE in asymptomatic carriers of a
deficiency of at, PC OR PS: a prospective cohort study
Tormene D, Guerra L, Gavasso S, Bulato C, Sartorello F,
Campello E, Valle FD, Spiezia L and Simioni P
Padova University, padova, Italy
Background: Deficiency of antithrombin, protein C, and protein S are
associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism.
Aims: The objective of this study was to prospectively assess the incidence of venous thromboembolism in non treated asymptomatic subjects with such a deficiency.
Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study in asymptomatic
family members of patients who presented with a venous thromboembolic event, a family history positive for venous thromboembolism
and who were found to have a deficiency of antithrombin, protein C
or protein S. No anticoagulant prophylaxis was given to the study participants, except during risk periods for venous thromboembolism
(surgery, trauma, immobilization, pregnancy). All venous thromboembolic events were diagnosed by objective diagnostic tests.
Results: A total of 252 individual carriers of thrombophilia were
included in the study and compared with 249 asymptomatic family
members no carriers of thrombophilia. A total of 3196 patient observation years was obtained in the first group and 4099 patient observation years in the second group. A total of 68 venous thromboembolic
events occurred, resulting in an annual incidence of 2.1% (95% CI, 1.6
to 2.7) for the 3 deficiencies combined. Thirty-nine of these events
occurred spontaneously, resulting in an annual incidence of spontaneous venous thromboembolism of 1.2% (95% CI, 0.9 to 1.7). No spontaneous events occurred in the control group. OR 50.0% (95% CI 6.9
to 364) A total of 99 risk periods occurred in the carriers group, during
which 29 subjects developed a venous thromboembolic event (21.2%;
95%CI, 13.1 to 32.4).
Conclusion: We conclude that during risk periods for venous thromboembolism, adequate prophylaxis is necessary. Further studies are
needed to asses the adequate dose and the optimal duration. The use
of continuous anticoagulant prophylaxis seems not warranted in
asymptomatic individuals with a deficiency of antithrombin, protein C
or protein S.
OR079
Antithrombin heparin binding site deficiency: a
challenging diagnosis of a not so benign
thrombophilia
Orlando C1, Heylen O1, Lissens W2 and Jochmans K1
1
Department of Haematology; 2Centre for Medical Genetics,
Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Vrije Universiteit
Brussel (VUB), Brussel, Belgium
Background: Hereditary antithrombin (AT) deficiency is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterised by a decreased AT activity in
plasma and a predisposition to recurrent venous thromboembolism
(VTE). Thrombotic risk is thought to vary according to the subtype of
deficiency, with Heparin Binding Site (HBS) deficiencies being the less
thrombogenic.
Aims: This study aimed to investigate the genetic background of AT
HBS deficiency, to assess sensitivity of commercial AT activity assays
for HBS mutations and to study the associated clinical picture.
Methods: The study population consisted of 81 genetically confirmed
HBS deficient patients. Plasma samples of 35 of these patients were
used for the evaluation of 4 commercial activity assays (3 Xa-based
and 1 IIa-based) in their ability to diagnose HBS deficiency. Mutationspecific prevalence of venous and arterial thrombosis and the contribu-
124
ABSTRACTS
tion of additional thrombophilic risk factors were evaluated in the

whole study population.
Results: Six different mutations were identified in the studied patients.
In one patient, a novel mutation, p.Asn77His, was identified, a quite
exceptional finding given the restricted number of causal mutations in
AT HBS deficiency. Only one assay (Xa-based) showed 100% sensitivity for all HBS mutations. The others failed mainly in identifying
patients with p.Pro73Leu and p.Arg79His mutations. The overall
prevalence of VTE in the studied subjects, 36%, was higher than previously reported in patients with this subtype. Arterial thrombosis
occurred in 19% of the patients, mainly in carriers of the p.Pro73Leu
and p.Arg79His mutations. VTE occurred in 8 out of 10 patients with
additional Factor V Leiden or PT G20210A mutation, justifying complete thrombophilia screening in these patients.
Conclusion: Our data proof the limited sensitivity of commercial assays
in the identification of patients with AT HBS deficiency, while this
subtype seems more prevalent and less benign than previously
assumed.
OR080
High neutrophil and basophil blood counts are
associated with increased factor II plasma coagulant
activity and may be predictors of mortality in patients
with stable coronary artery disease
Martinelli N1, Girelli D1, Tosi F1, Sartori F1, Marchetti G2,
Corrocher R1, Bernardi F2 and Olivieri O1
1
2
Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of
Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
Background: White blood cell (WBC) count is widely available in clinical practice and has been proposed to provide prognostic information
in coronary artery disease (CAD), with elevated levels of WBC predicting adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Recently, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been demonstrated to be a scaffold and
stimulus for thrombus formation.
Aims: To investigate i) the correlation between WBC counts and factor
II plasma coagulant activity (FII:c), and ii) WBC prognostic significance in the setting of secondary prevention of CAD.
Methods: Within the framework of the angiographically-controlled
Verona Heart Study, WBC count and FII:c were analyzed in 750 subjects (554 CAD and 196 CAD-free, 77.6% males, mean age
60.0 10.5 years) not taking anticoagulant drugs. Moreover, WBC
count was assessed as predictor of total and cardiovascular mortality
in 823 stable CAD patients (80.2% males, mean age 61.8 9.7 years).
Subjects with overt leukocytosis (> 10,000 lL1) or leukopenia
(< 4000 lL1) were excluded.
Results: Neutrophils (b = 0.085; P = 0.021) and basophils (b = 0.073;
P = 0.042) were significant predictor of FII:c variability in a linear
regression model adjusted for all blood cell counts, age, sex, hs-CRP,
and CAD diagnosis. In the longitudinal study, after a median followup of 61 months, 160 (19.4%) subjects died, 107 (13%) of whom for
cardiovascular causes. High levels of neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils were associated with an increased mortality rate
in the CAD population. However, in multi-adjusted Cox regression
models only neutrophils and basophils remained predictors of total
[the highest vs. the lowest quartile HRs: 2.87 (1.545.34) and 1.71
(1.062.75), respectively] and cardiovascular mortality [HRs: 3.31
(1.427.71) and 1.85 (1.023.35), respectively].
Conclusion: High neutrophil and basophil blood counts are associated
with an enhanced FII:c and may be independent predictors of total
and cardiovascular mortality in patients with stable CAD.
Megakaryocytes and
thrombopoiesis I
OR081
Genetic ablation of trpm7 alters magnesium
homeostasis and induces macrothrombocytopenia in
mice
Stritt S1, Gotru SK1, Chubanov V2, Gudermann T2, Schulze H1,
Nurden P3, Nieswandt B1 and Braun A1
1
rzburg,
Department of Vascular Medicine, University of Wu
W
urzburg; 2Walther-Straub-Institute for Pharmacology and
Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany;
3
^pital
Plateforme Technologique dInnovation Biom
edicale, Ho
Xavier Arnozan, Pessac, France
Background: TRPM7 is a ubiquitously expressed bi-functional protein
comprising a non-selective Mg2+ and Ca2+ channel segment (TRP)
linked to a a-type serine/threonine protein kinase domain. Abnormal
channel activity of TRPM7 has been shown to interfere with many cellular processes, such as cell adhesion, migration, proliferation and cell
survival. The a-type serine/threonine protein kinase domain of
TRPM7 phosphorylates annexin I and non-muscle myosin IIA heavy
chain in mammalian cells, thus interfering with cytoskeletal rearrangements. The importance of the channel and kinase function of TRPM7
in megakaryopoiesis and platelet function is unknown.
Aims: We aimed to elucidate the role of TRPM7 in cation homeostasis
of megakaryocytes (MKs) and platelets.
Methods: We analysed a MK- and platelet-specific TRPM7 knock-out
mouse strain (Trpm7 fl/fl-PF4Cre). Mutant MKs and platelets were analyzed using a wide range of in vitro and in vivo assays.
Results: Trpm7 fl/fl-PF4Cre mice develop macrothrombocytopenia due
to impaired platelet production by MKs. In line with this, increased
MK number in the femur, abnormal ploidy and ultrastructure of the
invaginated membrane system were observed. Ultrastructure of
Trpm7 fl/fl-PF4Cre platelets showed aberrant organization of microtubules and abnormal distribution of organelles. Trpm7 fl/fl-PF4Cre platelets displayed abnormal Mg2+ and Ca2+ homeostasis in resting and
activated states. In Trpm7 fl/fl-PF4Cre platelets, a markedly impaired agranule secretion was observed upon stimulation of both ITAM- and
GPCR-coupled receptors. Surprisingly, Trpm7 fl/fl-PF4Cre platelets
showed enhanced aggregation responses and ATP release to GPCR
agonists, indicating multiple roles of the channel and kinase activity of
TRPM7 in platelet physiology.
Conclusion: These results suggest TRPM7 as a key regulator of Mg2+
homeostasis in platelets, and point to a possible involvement of intracellular hypomagnesaemia in platelet disorders.
OR082
Of men and mice: divergence effect of HDAC6 on
proplatelet formation
Messaoudi K1, Ashfaq A1, Palazzo A1, Bluteau O1, Rameau P2,
Raslova H1, Plo I1, Vainchenker W1 and Debili N1
1
INSERM U 1170; 2Cell imaging and flow cytometry core facility,
Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
Background: Pan HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) are used to treat malignancies. Unfortunately they can induce a profound thrombocytopenia,
due to a defect in megakaryocyte (MK) differentiation and proplatelet
formation (PPF). Selective HDAC6 inhibitors such as Tubastatin or
ACY-1215 (Ricolinostat) are in development. ACY-1215 is currently
in clinical trials and induced a minimal thrombocytopenia (Raje et al,
Blood [ASH Annual Meeting Abstracts] 2012 120: 4061)
ABSTRACTS
Aims: The aim if this study is to decipher the role HDAC6 during
PPF.
Methods: CD34+ or Lin- cells, ACY1215 and Tubastatine as well as
sh HDAC6 and HDAC6 KO mice were used for this study.
Results: HDAC6 is an HDAC that shuttles between the cytoplasm and
the nucleus and regulates a variety of cellular processes. Here we show
that HDAC6 was exclusively localized in the cytoplasm of human
MKs. Tubastatin A and ACY-1215 mediated inhibition and of 2 shRNAs against HDAC6 induced a strong decrease in PPF. The defect in
PPF was related to an increase in p53 acetylation and in RhoA activity. Use of a p53 shRNA and a ROCK inhibitor, Y27632, rescued the
HDAC6-induced PPF decrease. Surprisingly murine HDAC6
(mHDAC6) was found to be mainly nuclear and its knock down did
not affect PPF in vitro, and in vivo. Furthermore HDAC6 KO mice
displayed a normal platelet level. The human HDAC6 differs from
murine HDAC6 by the presence of NES1 and a NES2 domain. By targeting these domains, we constructed a hHDAC6 mutant that was
retained in the nucleus. In accordance to our previous results we demonstrate that wild type but not HDAC6 mutant, restored the PPF
decrease after shHDAC6 treatment.
Conclusion: Together our results suggest that unlike mHDAC6,
hHDAC6 is cytoplasmic and regulates PPF in vitro by regulating Rho
activity and p53 acetylation. The fact that HDAC6 and pan HDACi
have in common to inhibit PPF, and that only pan HDACi affect
hematopoietic progenitors suggest that the profound thrombocytopenia induces by pan HDACi is a consequence of the hematopoietic progenitor toxicity.
OR083
Glycoprotein VI interactions with collagen type I
selectively inhibit proplatelet formation
Schulze H1, Stegner D2, Semeniak D1, Eckes B3, Nieswandt B2 and
Kulawig R1
1
Lehrstuhl f
ur Experimentelle Biomedizin, Universit
atsklinikum
rzburg; 2Lehrstuhl fu
r Experimentelle Biomedizin, Universit
Wu
at
r Dematologie und
rzburg, Wu
rzburg; 3Klinik und Poliklinik fu
Wu
ln, Ko
ln, Germany
Venerologie, Uniklinik Ko
Background: Platelets express two major collagen receptors, the integrin a2/b1 and GPVI. After vessel injury, collagen present in subendothelial tissue is exposed to platelets and induces their activation,
mediated by Syk-derived signaling. Interestingly, collagen type I is
known to inhibit proplatelet formation (PPF), while collagen IV is
reported to support thrombopoiesis. The underlying receptors are
poorly characzterized.
Aims: We aimed to elucidate the interaction between different collagen
types and their receptors on megakaryocytes to understand how platelet formation is orchestrated at the vascular niche.
Methods: We used MKs of mice lacking either collagen receptor GP
VI or integrin a2 and performed proplatelet assays. In addition, we
developed a system of mixed matrix proteins to study which matrix
proteins and which receptors are involved. These results were corroborated by blocking these receptors with specific antibodies.
Results: Collagen I-mediated inhibition of PPF is selectively mediated
by GPVI, while mice lacking integrin a2 were virtually unaffected.
These results were phenocopied when GPVI was blocked by JAQ1
antibody or integrin a2 by LEB/B. Vascular niche proteins like collagen type IV and laminin-111 had no effect on PPF. Using mixed substrates we found that the inhibitory signal by GPVI is dominating.
Unexpectedly, collagen-related peptide (CRP) that concentrates the
relevant GPO-motif and which is a strong inductor of Syk-LAT signaling, cannot trigger this inhibition, while it competes for binding with
collagen I. Also, we could not detect Syk phosphorylation of MKs plated on collagen I.
125
Conclusion: Our results show for the first time that the inhibitory effect
on PPF is selectively mediated by GPVI. Adhesion assays indicate that
MKs binding on collagens is mostly mediated by integrin a2/b1 and
that collagen IV at the vascular niche might thus compete with binding
and finally displaces collagen I from MKs and allows the directed
release of platelets into the blood.
OR084
Rapid rupture-type thrombopoiesis processes from
bone marrow megakaryocyte in response to acute
platelet needs is regulated by IL-1ALPHA
Nishimura S1,2, Sakata A1, Seo K1, Ohmori T1 and Eto K3
1
Jichi Med Univ, Tochigi; 2the Univ of Tokyo, Tokyo; 3Kyoto
Univ, Kyoto, Japan
Background: Blood platelets are generated in the bone marrow (BM)
from their precursors, megakaryocytes (MK). Although we know that
MKs produce platelets throughout life, precisely how platelets are produced in vivo remains uncertain.
Aims: We revealed the regulating mechanisms of acute platelet supply
from bone marrow MK, and approached to unanswered questions:
How large number of platelets are produced from limited numbers of
MKs?.
Methods: To clearly understand the nature of thrombopoiesis in BM
MKs, we optimized an in vivo imaging technique based on two-photon
microscopy.
Results: By visualizing living bone marrow in vivo, we observed that a
second thrombopoietic process, rupture-like MK fragmentation, can
be ongoing simultaneously with previously identified proplatelet formation in the same mouse BM. Short proplatelets predominated in
the steady state, but highly elongated proplatelets were apparent when
thrombopoietin (TPO) levels were high (e.g., after BM transplantation). Conversely, following blood loss, 5-FU administration, antibody-based platelet depletion or acute inflammation, there was
accelerated release of larger platelets from mature MKs mediated by
novel rupture type MK behaviors. Rupture was regulated by the
interleukin-1 (IL-1)alpha-type1 IL-1 receptor axis and MK apoptosis.
The custom software analysis elucidated that the number of produced
platelets from one MKs by rupture is larger than that by proplatelet
formations, and the platelets are released preferentially into vessel
lumens. It is known that proper microtubule assembly is vital for proplatelet formations in TPO-stimulated MKs, but did not in IL-1alphastimulated MKs due to uncoordinated expression of alpha- and betatubulin.
Conclusion: These findings support the ideas that IL-1alpha acts
acutely as a platelet releasing factor, coordinating with TPO to dynamically modulate the cellular programming of MKs that regulates platelet counts.
126
ABSTRACTS
OR085
Synthesis of marcks in the late stages of
megakaryocyte maturation drives proplatelet formation
Machlus K1, Wu SK2, Stumpo DJ3, Campbell RA4, Weyrich AS4,
Blackshear PJ3 and Italiano JE1
1
Brigham and Womens Hospital and Harvard Medical School;
2
Brigham and Womens Hospital, Boston; 3Laboratory of Signal
Transduction, National Institute of Environmental Health
Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park;
4
University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USA
Background: Thrombocytopenia is a major clinical problem. Megakaryocytes (MKs) generate platelets by extending long branching processes, proplatelets, into blood vessels. While platelet production has
been studied extensively, very little is known about what regulates proplatelet formation.
Aims: Identify and study proteins and corresponding signaling pathways that power proplatelet formation. We hypothesize proteins that
aid in cytoskeletal reorganization are upregulated during proplatelet
formation.
Methods: To identify dynamically changing proteins, we compared the
proteome and transcriptome of round v. proplatelet-producing MKs
by 2D DIGE and polysome profiling. To study MARCKS in MKs, we
used a fluorescent inhibitory peptide and confocal microscopy. We
used MARCKS KO mice to uncover MARCKSs role in proplatelet
formation.
Results: The MARCKS protein was up-regulated 3.4 and 5.7-fold in
proplatelet-producing MKs in both 2D DIGE and polysome profiling,
respectively. MARCKS is a PKC substrate that binds PIP2 in its
dephosphorylated form and regulates actin polymerization. In MKs,
MARCKS is localized to the demarcation membrane, a membrane
reservoir for proplatelet formation. To examine MARCKS in the
PKC pathway, we treated MKs with PMA; proplatelet formation was
attenuated 84%, suggesting dephosphorylated MARCKS promotes
proplatelet formation. This is supported by data that MARCKS
increased over 3-fold in proplatelet MKs while pMARCKS decreased
1.8-fold. Consistently, pMARCKS, pWASP and pARP2/3 were significantly decreased in MKs making proplatelets. MARCKS inhibition
by peptide or using KO mice decreased proplatelet formation 53 and
48%, respectively.
Conclusion: MARCKS expression and signaling in MKs is novel. We
propose MARCKS binds PIP2 in the demarcation membrane,
obstructing PKC signaling that inhibits proplatelet formation. A better understanding of mechanisms regulating proplatelet formation will
result in targeted therapeutics to increase platelet counts in vivo and
make platelets ex vivo for transfusion.
Von Willebrand Disease

OR086
Detection of large exonic and intergenic deletions in
the VWF locus of VWD patients using array
comparative genomic hybridisation (ACGH)
Webster SJ1, Hampshire DJ1, Schneppenheim R2, Bellissimo D3,
James P4, Theophilus B5, Peake IR1, Goodeve AC1 and on behalf
of on behalf of the EU-VWD and ZPMCB-VWD study groups
1
Sheffield, UK; 2Department of Paediatric Haematology and
Oncology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf,
Hamburg, Germany; 3Blood Research Institute, Blood Center of
Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA; 4Departments of Medicine and
Pathology & Molecular Medicine, Queens University, Kingston,
Canada; 5Department of Blood Sciences, Birmingham Childrens
Hospital NHS Foundation, Birmingham, UK
Background: von Willebrand disease (VWD) is caused by mutations in
von Willebrand factor (VWF), a large multimeric glycoprotein, essential for platelet dependent primary haemostasis and binding and transporting factor VIII. Mutations in the VWF gene (VWF) result in
qualitatively defective (type 2), or quantitatively deficient (types 1 and
3) VWD. In type 1 VWD, ~35% of patients have no causative VWF
mutation following exon and intron-exon boundary sequencing. Copy
number variation (CNV) consisting of large exonic deletions/duplications within VWF has been reported, but little is known about the
pathogenicity of CNV in VWF non-coding regions. We hypothesise
that deep intronic and flanking untranslated region (UTR) CNV contribute to VWD.
Aims: To use aCGH to identify novel CNV across the VWF locus,
including introns, 50 and 30 UTR that may contribute to VWD pathogenesis.
Methods: Custom 8x15K and 8x60K microarrays were designed (Agilent Technologies) containing ~1800 probes spanning the VWF locus.
18 patients with known CNV were selected for validation including
whole-gene deletions, 6 pseudogene region deletions (exons 28, 3234,
3334), deletions of exons 3, 45, 1718 and a duplication of exons 9
10. 20 test patients (no identified CNV) were selected to check for
novel CNV. Data were analysed using Agilent CytoGenomics software
and CNV frequencies checked against the database of genomic variants (DGV).
Results: Known CNV were detected in 16/18 patients, where array
breakpoints mapped to within a minimum of ~26 bp and a maximum
of ~1.3 kb of known breakpoints. In 2 patients, a novel ~4 kb 50 UTR
deletion was also detected. In 2/20 test patients, a further novel 5.1 kb
50 UTR deletion was detected.
Conclusion: Custom aCGH is an effective strategy for CNV screening
in VWF. In addition to known CNV, two novel 50 UTR deletions of
~4 kb and ~5 kb, approximately 11 kb and 23 kb upstream of VWF
were detected. These findings could have important implications for
our understanding of VWF levels in VWD and in the normal population.
ABSTRACTS
OR087
Long-term expression of von willebrand factor VIA
sleeping beauty sandwich transposon-mediated gene
therapy
Portier I1, Vanhoorelbeke K1, Verhenne S1, Pareyn I1,
Deckmyn H1, Izsvak Z2 and De Meyer SF1
1
Laboratory for Thrombosis Research, KU Leuven Kulak, Kortrijk,
ck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin,
Belgium; 2Max Delbru
Germany
Background: Gene therapy is a promising treatment option for severe
von Willebrand disease given the long-term therapeutic potential.
Using a non-viral Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon, we previously
achieved long-term but insufficient levels of VWF expression in VWFdeficient mice (33% of wild-type levels 6 months after gene transfer).
Aims: To achieve long-term supraphysiological expression of VWF
using a sandwich-design SB transposon specifically created to efficiently transpose larger transgenes.
Methods: Both the SB-sandwich transposon containing VWF under
control of a liver-specific promoter and the transposase plasmid encoding SB100x transposase were targeted to the liver of VWF-deficient
mice via hydrodynamic gene delivery. After gene transfer, long-term
VWF expression and tail-clip bleeding were assessed.
Results: Use of the sandwich SB transposon dramatically increased
VWF expression after gene transfer. Four months after gene delivery,
VWF-plasma levels remained 310.6 101.5% of wild-type levels
(n = 11), which is ten times higher than experiments with the classic
design SB transposon. As expected, bleeding phenotype was corrected
1 week after gene delivery. Surprisingly, despite high VWF levels
3 months after gene transfer, bleeding was still not totally corrected.
Blood loss of treated mice was 1150 360 x106 RBC (n = 5), in comparison to 205 92 x106 RBC (n = 28) in wild-type mice and
1868 278 x106 RBC (n = 22) in VWF-deficient mice. Interestingly, a
decrease in VWF high molecular weight (HMW) multimers over time
was observed, which might influence long-term phenotypic correction.
Conclusion: The powerful sandwich SB transposon system permits
robust and long-term supraphysiological VWF-expression essential
for VWD gene therapy. Why long-term HMW VWF multimerization
is impaired in hepatocytes is currently under investigation.
OR088
Safety, efficacy and pharmacokinetics of a recombinant
von willebrand factor in patients with severe von
willebrand disease: a prospective clinical trial
Gill J1, Castaman G2, Windyga J3, Kouides P4, Ragni M5,6,
Leebeek F7, Obermann-Slupetzky O8, Chapman M8, Fritsch S8,
Pavlova BG8, Presch I8 and Ewenstein B9
1
Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA;
2
Hematology Division, San Bortolo Hospitalo, Vicenza, Italy;
3
Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw,
Poland; 4Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, New York;
5
University of Pittsburgh; 6Hemophilia Center of Western
Pennsylvania, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; 7Erasmus MC,
Rotterdam, Netherlands; 8Baxter, Vienna, Austria; 9Baxter,
Westlake Village, California, USA
Background: Recombinant von Willebrand factor (rVWF) could provide an alternative replacement therapy for treatment of von Willebrand disease (VWD).
Aims: Assess the safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetics (PK) of rVWF
in severe VWD, defined as type 3 (VWF:Ag 3 IU dL1), 1 (VWF:
RCo< 20 IU dL1), 2A (VWF:RCo< 20 IU dL1), 2N (FVIII:
C < 10%), 2B or 2M.
127
Methods: Bleed control with rVWF:rFVIII [1.3:1] for the first infusion,
and rVWF alone after a hemostatic FVIII:C level was achieved, was
rated on a nominal 4-point scale (none = 4 to excellent = 1). PK was
assessed in a crossover (rVWF vs. rVWF:rFVIII) and a repeated PK
design. Subjects gave informed consent and the trial was approved by
independent ethics committees.
Results: The treatment success rate (mean efficacy score of < 2.5) was
100% (90% CI: 87.3 to 100.0) (n = 22: 17 type 3, 4 type 2A, 2 type 2N;
192 bleeds: 122 minor, 61 moderate, 7 major, 2 unknown). Treatment
was good (3.1%) or excellent (96.9%) in all bleeds, with excellent ratings for 5/6 gastrointestinal, 57/59 joint, 103/106 mucosal (including
31 menorrhagia, 41 epistaxis, 26 oral) and 36/37 bleeds in other locations. A single infusion of rVWF together with rFVIII for 94.8% was
effective to control 81.8% of all bleeds (range: 14), and a median of 2
infusions (range 13) were required to control major bleeds. rVWF
induced rapid and sustained stabilization of FVIII:C. The rVWF PK
profile was unaffected by rFVIII (mean VWF:RCo terminal halflife = 21.9 h [rVWF] and 19.6 h [rVWF:rFVIII]). No inhibitors, antiVWF binding antibodies or antibodies against host cell proteins were
detected, and no severe allergic reactions or thrombotic events
occurred. Two serious adverse events (AEs) (chest discomfort and
increased heart rate concurrently in a subject with cryoprecipitate
allergy) and 6 non-serious AEs were related to rVWF.
Conclusion: rVWF was effective and safe for bleed control in severe
VWD and stabilized FVIII:C thereby eliminating the need for rFVIII
after initial infusion.
Disclosure of Interest: J. Gill Grant/Research Support from: Baxter,
G. Castaman Grant/Research Support from: Baxter, J. Windyga
Grant/Research Support from: Baxter, P. Kouides Grant/Research
Support from: Baxter, M. Ragni Grant/Research Support from: Baxter, Biogen, Bayer, CSL, Novo Nordisk, OPKO, Pfizer, SPARKS,
Consultant for: Biogen, Tacere, F. Leebeek Grant/Research Support
from: Baxter, O. Obermann-Slupetzky Employee of: Baxter, M. Chapman Employee of: Baxter, S. Fritsch Employee of: Baxter, B. Pavlova
Employee of: Baxter, I. Presch Employee of: Baxter, B. Ewenstein
Employee of: Baxter.
OR089
No difference in VWF levels NOR VWF survival in
index cases and family members with and without
P.Y1584C enrolled in zimmerman program for the
molecular and clinical biology of VWD (ZPMCB-VWD)
Christopherson PA1, Bellissimo DB2, Flood VH1,3, Friedman KD2,
Gill JC2,3, Montgomery RR1, Haberichter SL1 and On behalf of
Zimmerman Program Investigators
1
Blood Research Institute; 2Blood Center of Wisconsin; 3Medical
College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA
Background: p.Y1584C has been reported in mild VWD type 1 and is
associated with reduced VWF survival and mildly increased ADAMTS13 degradation in blood group O subjects. It was identified in 14%
and 8% of Index Cases (IC) from Canadian type 1 and MCMDM-1
VWD studies.
Aims: To report the prevalence and survival effect of p.Y1584C in
ZPMCB-VWD subjects.
Methods: VWF:Ag and VWFpp levels were measured and VWFpp/
VWF:Ag (pp/Ag) ratio calculated as a marker of clearance. Sequencing of 636 IC and 240 Healthy Controls (HC) and targeted sequencing
of affected and unaffected family members (AFM and UFM) identified p.Y1584C in 28 IC, 24 AFM, 16 UFM and 1 HC for a prevalence
of 4.4% in IC.
Results: In blood group O subjects (O), there was no difference in
mean ratio between p.Y15984C and type 1, but there was a significant
difference (P < 0.0001) between p.Y1584C and type 1C (clearance)
(ratio 1.7 vs. 6.0). A similar finding was observed in non-O sub-
128
ABSTRACTS
jects. The ratio in p.Y1584C O (1.7) vs. non-O (1.4) was statistically
significant (P = 0.001), but in the normal range (0.52.0). To eliminate
influence of other sequence variants, 19 families with only p.Y1584C
were further examined. Their phenotype was mild, regardless of the
presence or absence of p.Y1584C with mean VWF:Ag (IU dL1) of 48
in IC, 45 in p.Y1584C AFM, 38 in p.Y1584 AFM, 85 in p.Y1584C
UFM, and 83 in p.Y1584 UFM. Mean pp/Ag ratios in AFM with and
without p.Y1584C were 1.6 and 1.7, and differences were not significant from IC (P = 0.44; 0.54) nor each other (P = 0.89). UFM with
and without p.Y1584C had mean ratios of 1.2 and 1.1, and were not
significantly different from each other (P = 0.75) but were significantly
different from AFM (P = 0.003; 0.007).
Conclusion: p.Y1584C does not appear to have a substantial effect on
VWF survival as evidenced by a pp/Ag ratio within the normal range.
Low VWF:Ag levels seen in IC and AFM cannot be explained by the
presence of p.Y1584C alone; additional studies are needed to determine the cause of mild type 1 phenotype in these families.
OR090
Prevalence and risk factors associated with
hypertension in von willebrand disease
Apostolova M1, Seaman CD2, Comer D3, Yabes JG3 and Ragni M2
1
Medicine, Division Hematology/Oncology, West Penn
Allegheny Hospital; 2Medicine, Division Hematology/Oncology;
3
Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
Background: Increasingly, hypertension (HBP) is being recognized in
individuals with congenital bleeding disorders, but little is known in
those with von Willebrand disease (VWD). HBP is a risk factor for
atherosclerotic heart disease (ASHD), which increases with von Willebrand factor (VWF) levels; and together with dyslipidemia and insulin
resistance, contributes to metabolic syndrome. Whether VWD protects
against HBP, ASHD or metabolic syndrome, is unknown.
Aims: The aim was to determine the prevalence and risk factors for
HBP in VWD.
Methods: We evaluated discharge data, 20092011, from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) of the Healthcare Cost and Utilization
Project (HCUP), which collects a 20% sample of U.S. inpatient discharges. Discharges among adults with and without VWD were evaluated by age, race, year, severity of illness. The odds ratio for HBP was
estimated by univariate and multivariate logistic regression.
Results: The prevalence of HBP in VWD patients (n = 7556), was
37.4%, significantly less than in non-VWD patients (n = 19,918,970),
49.4%, P < 0.001. Associated co-morbidities were also less common
in VWD than non-VWD: ASHD, 21.42% vs 30.8%, hyperlipidemia,
33.8% vs 41.5%, and diabetes, 24.4% vs 36.4%, all P < 0.001. VWD
with HBP were more likely younger, 63 vs 68 year, Caucasian, 83.5%
vs. 69.8%, and female, 68.8% vs. 54.0%, than non-VWD all
P < 0.001. Compared with VWD without HBP, VWD with HBP were
older, 63 vs. 42 year, male, 31.2% vs 21.6%, with greater comorbidity: ASHD, 21.4% vs 4.7%, diabetes, 24.4% vs 7.0%, and hyperlipidemia, 33.8% vs 7.4%, all P < 0.001. The odds of HBP in patients with
VWD was significantly less than in non-VWD, OR = 0.61 (CI 0.58
0.64), P < 0.001, and after adjustment for ASHD, OR = 0.91 (CI
0.890.92) and gender, OR = 0.34 (CI 0.340.35).
Conclusion: The risk of HBP is significantly lower in VWD than nonVWD patients, and associated with lower risk of ASHD, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these
findings.
Antiphospholipid antibodies I
OR091
Effects of antiphospholipid antibodies on vascular
smooth muscle cells
Rouillon C, Makhoul S, Lacolley P, Regnault V and Wahl D
DCAC, U1116, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France
Background: Activation of platelets, monocytes and endothelial cells
antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) has been proposed as one of the
pathogenic mechanisms contributing to the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS).
Aims: We determined effects of aPL on characteristic functions of
human vascular smooth muscle cells (hVSMCs).
Methods: Total IgG were purified from sera of 10 patients with APS
by chromatography on protein G. Thrombin generation was monitored using calibrated automated thrombography (CAT) at the surface
of adherent cultured normal hVSMCs incubated with IgG
(250 lg mL1) from APS patients or healthy controls, and with or
without activated protein C (APC). Proliferation of hVSMCs in
response to stimulation by IgG from patients or controls was studied
in medium without fetal bovine serum (FBS). Negatively-charged
phospholipids were quantified in the cell supernatant. hVSMC microparticles (MPs) release was measured by flow cytometry in medium
without FBS.
Results: Thrombin generation was markedly increased after incubation
with IgG from all patients irrespective of the aPL concentrations in
sera compared to control IgG or to medium without IgG. The increase
ranged from 2-fold to 4-fold for triple positive patients (anti-b2GPI
antibodies, anticardiolipin and lupus anticoagulant). In addition, IgG
from the majority of APS patients induced a resistance to APC. For
all patients, procoagulant activity increase without FBS in parallel
with increased apoptosis (75%) compared with unstimulated cells or
cells stimulated with IgG control. IgG of all patients induced significant increase of MPs released from hVSMCs (from 200% to 300%).
Conclusion: The results show the activating effects of aPL on hVSMCs:
thrombin generation increased and this hypercoagulability depends on
aPL antibody profiles. The aPL-induced release of MPs and apoptotic
cells induction may represent crucial mechanisms driving increased
OR092
Impact of hydroxychloroquine treatment on pregnancy
outcome in patients with antiphospholipid antibodies
Sciascia S1, Hunt B1, Talavera E1, Lliso G1, Khamashta M2 and
Cuadrado M2
1
Centre for Thrombosis and Haemostasis; 2Lupus Research Unit,
Guys and St Thomas Nhs Foundation Trust, London, UK
Background: Obstetric morbidity in antiphospholipid syndrome (APS)
includes recurrent first trimester loss, stillbirth, intrauterine death, preeclampsia, premature birth and fetal growth restriction.Low dose aspirin and low molecular weight heparin have improved pregnancy outcome, but reduction in pregnancy loss remains sub-optimal. The
antimalarial hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has been used for decades in
patients with SLE.
Aims: To assess the pregnancy outcome in women with aPL treated
with HCQ during pregnancy.
Methods: This observational, retrospective, single centre clinical study
included 170 pregnancies in 96 women with persistent aPL. Sixty-five
consecutive pregnancies occurred in 31 women treated with HCQ for
at least 6 months prior to pregnancy. HCQ was continued throughout
gestation (group A). One-hundred nineteen consecutive pregnancies
ABSTRACTS
occurred in 65 women with aPL who had not been treated with HCQ
prior to conception acted as controls (group B).
Results: HCQ treatment was associated with a significantly higher rate
of live births (66.7% in group A vs. 57.1% in group B, P = 0.05) and a
lower rate of pregnancy morbidity (47.1% in group A vs. 63.0% in
group B, P = 0.004). We observed a higher prevalence of spontaneous
vaginal labour in HCQ-treated women compared to group B (37.3%
vs. 14.3%, P = 0.01). Pregnancy duration was longer in group A than
B (27.6 [640] weeks vs. 21.5 [640], P = 0.03). Fetal losses beyond
10 weeks gestation were less frequent in group A than B (2% vs
10.9%, P = 0.05). Placenta mediated complications (pre-ecplampsia,
abruption placenta and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)) were
less prevalent in HCQ treated women compared to controls (2% vs.
10.9%, P = 0.05).The association of HCQ with the absence of any
complications in pregnancy was confirmed after multivariate analysis
(OR 2.2; 95%CI[1.2136.1]; P = 0.04).
Conclusion: Women with aPL may benefit of treatment with HCQ during pregnancy. The addition of HCQ to conventional treatment is worthy of further assessment.
OR093
Thrombin generation in patients with
antiphospholipids antibodies
Valle PD1, Novelli C2, Pradella P3, Morelli B2 and DAngelo A1
1
Coagulation Service and Thrombosis Research Unit, Scientific
Institute San Raffaele, Milano; 2Transfusion Center and
Haematology Laboratory, Legnano Hospital, Legnano;
3
Transfusion Center, Cattinara Hospital, Trieste, Italy
Background: Scarce information is available on thrombin generation
in patients with antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). A calibrated automated thrombogram (CAT) assay modified to simulate the clotting
status within the microcirculation was developed and validated
(Thromb Res 2014;134(Suppl2):S97).
Aims: To evaluate the sensitivity of the modified CAT according to
aPL reactivity in patients with aPL.
Methods: Platelet poor plasma samples from 112 anticoagulation-free
patients, (28 M/84 W, mean age 57.4 16.4 yrs) with at least one
abnormal test results for aPL (aCL IgG/M, a2-GPI IgG/M, lupus
anticoagulant, LA), and from 105 apparently healthy controls (HC,
50 M/55 W, mean age 44.0 9.3 yrs) were tested in a modified CAT
using an intermediate tissue factor concentration (3 pM) in the presence of 5 nM thrombomodulin and 116 nmol fondaparinux. Lag time
(LT), peak velocity (PK), acceleration (peak/(time to peak-lag time),
ACC), true tail (starttail-time to peak, TT), and endogenous thrombin
potential (ETP) were normalized according to the results obtained in
normal platelet poor plasma, with ratios > 1.0 indicative of hypercoagulability.
Results: In the overall aPL population, compared to HC, significant
differences were observed for LT (0.57 0.20 vs 0.95 0.17,
P < 0.0001), PK (1.41 0.98 vs 1.07 0.55, P = 0.02), and ACC
ratios (1.69 1.56 vs 1.05 0.58, P = 0.001). In LA+ patients
(n = 77), the LT ratio was the only abnormal parameter (0.45 0.24,
P < 0.0001), irrespective of the association with either aCL-reactivity
(n = 2), a2-GPI-reactivity (n = 8) or both (n = 27; P 0.13). LT was
also prolonged in the 35 LA- patients (0.83 0.19, P < 0.01), especially in patients with double reactivity (0.75 0.18, P = 0.04). ACC
and PK ratios were increased only in LA- patients (P < 0.0001), irrespective of aPL reactivity (P 0.56).
Conclusion: In the modified CAT assay, an isolated, marked prolongation of the LT parameter is the hallmark of lupus anticoagulants.
129
OR094
Inflammation and cardiovascular risk factors are
associated with recurrent thrombosis in
antiphospholipid syndrome
dio IF1, Mazzeto BM1, Collela MP1, de
Saraiva SS1, Custo
2
Paula EV , Appenzeller S2, Annichino-Bizzacchi J2 and Orsi FA3,4
1
Hematology and Hemotherapy Center, University of Campinas;
2
Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medical Sciences of
the University of Campinas; 3School of Medical Sciences,
University of Campinas; 4Hematology and Hemotherapy Center,
School of Medical Sciences of the University of Campinas,
Campinas, Brazil
Background: Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a pro-thrombotic
autoimmune disease that affects different vascular beds, with potential
risk for recurrence. Yet, factors associated with thrombosis recurrence
are not completly elucidated.
Aims: To determine possible demographic, clinical and laboratory
markers associated with thrombosis recurrence in APS
Methods: Retrospective evaluation of a cohort of APS patients with
previous thrombosis, by medical records and specific questionnaires
Results: One hundred patients were included, 63% had primary
APS.The first thrombotic event was venous (VT) in 69% and arterial
(AT) in 31%. History of recurrent thrombosis was positive in 41% of
patients, the mean number of thrombotic episodes was 2.5 (24) per
patient and of them were on oral anticoagulants at the time of recurrence. Recurrence rate was similar between patients with AT and VT
(53% and 40%, respectively, P = 0.2). In more than 80% of cases, the
further thrombotic episodes occurred in the same type of vessel (arterial or venous) of the first episode. Age, gender, diagnosis of lupus, antiphospholipid antibodies profile were not associated with recurrence.
Among AT patients, higher levels of LDL cholesterol
(> 107 mg dL1) were associated with recurrent events (OR = 15,
95% CI = 1.1218.3, P = 0.04, ROC area = 0.813). Among VT
patients, the conditions associated with recurrency were: hypertension
(OR = 4.5, 95% CI = 1.117.6; P = 0.03), higher neutrophils (OR 4.4,
95% CI = 1.413.3, P = 0.008) and monocytes counts (OR 4.5, 95%
CI = 1.413.9, P = 0.009) and higher serum levels of complement C4
(OR 3.3, 95% CI = 0.9811.1, P = 0.05).
Conclusion: The results suggest that, in APS, factors associated with
thrombosis recurrence differ according to the site of the first thrombosis. Comorbidities that confer cardiovascular risk may be associated
with AT and VT recurrence. However, VT recurrence was also associated with inflammatory response, since neutrophils and monocytes
counts, as well as C4 levels, were higher in patients with multiple
thrombosis
OR095
Obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome: high
comparative prevalence of common mental disorders
during follow-up
Gris J-CR1, Lavigne G1, Bouvier S1, Nouvellon E1, Mercier E1,
er
e I3, Mar
es P4 and On behalf of
Chauleur C2, Galanaud J-P3, Qu
NOHA network
1
Haematology, University Hospital Caremeau, N^mes;
2
Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital, Saint-Etienne;
3
Internal Medicine and Vascular Medicine, University Hospital
Saint-Eloi, Montpellier; 4Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University
Hospital Caremeau, N^mes, France
Background: Neurological manifestations are described in the thrombotic antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), but the occurrence of psychi-
130
ABSTRACTS
atric disorders is uncertain in obstetric APS (oAPS) and there is no

comparative study on women sharing initial clinical manifestations.
Aims: To study the comparative prevalence of common mental disorders in oAPS; to look for an association with the antiphospholipid
antibody (aPLAb) subtypes.
Methods: The NOH-APS cohort (Blood 2012; 119: 262432) recruited
women with no vascular antecedent but significant unexplained obstetrical wastage (3 abortions or one fetal death), categorized according to
the results of laboratory screening: oAPS (n = 517), thrombophilia (F5
rs6025 or F2 rs1799963: n = 279) and controls (negative screening;
n = 796). We assessed the prevalence of common mental disorders
using the diagnostic psychiatric questionnaire MINI 5.0.0 (Sheehan
DV, Lecrubier Y, J Clin Psychiatry 1998) 10 years after inclusions.
The prevalence of disorders was compared between groups and
adjusted risk models were computed.
Results: 1539 patients could be evaluated. No difference was evidenced
between thrombophilic and control women. The oAPS women had
more mood disorders (recent depressive episodes, recurrent depressive
episodes), more anxiety disorders (general anxiety, panic disorders,
agoraphobia, social phobia, post-traumatic stress) but no more psychotic disorders. Lupus anticoagulant (LA) and anti-b2-Gp1 IgG
(ab2GP1-G) increased the risk of mood disorders detection while anticardiolipin IgG (aCL-G) was protector. LA and aCL-G increased the
risk of anxiety disorders detection. ACL-G was associated with the
presence of psychotic disorders.
Conclusion: Women with oAPS are at increased risk of psychiatric
symptoms during follow-up. Early specific medical coverage is needed
and studying the effects of aPLAbs on brain biology is warranted.
Vitamin K antagonists
OR096
Quality of vitamin k antagonist control and 1-year
outcomes: a global perspective from the garfield-af
registry
Cate Ht1, Haas S2, Accetta G3, Angchaisuksiri P4, Camm J5,
Corbalan R6, Eikelboom J7, Fitzmaurice DA8, Goldhaber SZ9,
Goto S10, Jacobson B11, Kayani G3, Turpie AG7, Kakkar AK3 and
On behalf of GARFIELD-AF Investigators
1
Cardiovascular Research Institute Masstricht, Masstricht,
Netherlands; 2Technical University, Munich, Germany;
3
Thrombosis Research Institute, London, UK; 4Ramathibodi
Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; 5St Georges
University of London, London, UK; 6Catholic University,
Santiago, Chile; 7McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada;
8
University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; 9Harvard Medical
School, Boston, USA; 10Tokai University School of Medicine,
Isehara, Japan; 11University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg,
South Africa
Background: Optimal international normalized ratio (INR) levels are
hard to achieve in patients on vitamin K antagonists (VKA). Time in
therapeutic range (TTR) estimated by Rosendaal method is an indicator of quality of VKA control.
Aims: To study TTR of INR in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation in relation to demographics, care settings and
1-year outcomes, using the target INR range of 2.03.0.
Methods: GARFIELD-AF enrolled 17,168 prospective patients. 8445
received VKA. TTR was estimated for patients with 3 INR values
during 1-year follow-up. TTR> 60% and > 70% were explored as
indicators of acceptable or good control. Hazard ratios (HRs) for outcomes were adjusted for CHA2DS2-VASc. Informed consent from
patients and ethics committee approval were obtained.
Results: 4967 patients with TTR were analyzed. The median number
of INR/patient was 12 (interquartile range 719). 49.6% and 29.0% of
patients had TTR> 60% and > 70%, respectively. Using a 60% TTR
cut-off ( 60% vs > 60%), heavy alcohol consumption was more frequent in patients with poor control (3.1% vs 1.5%). Fewer patients
diagnosed at a hospital had TTR> 60% (46.2%) vs patients diagnosed
at an outpatient office (57.3%) or anticoagulation clinic/thrombosis
center (57.1%). Patients with poor control had higher risk of death
(HR 2.87, 95% confidence interval, 1.974.19) and stroke/systemic
embolism (SE) (1.98, 1.133.47) than those with TTR> 60%. The
equivalent HR for major bleeding was 1.31 (0.782.20). All results
were similar with a 70% cut-off. The HR for stroke/SE increased from
1.98 (1.133.47) to 2.83 (1.385.78) when the TTR cut-off was
increased from 60 to 70%. We also analyzed 3478 patients with missing TTR, who had a similar mortality risk to those with TTR 60%,
but lower risk of stroke/SE and major bleeding; these results need further investigation.
Conclusion: These data show that poor VKA control is associated with
increased risk of mortality and stroke/SE. Also, increasing TTR from
60 to 70% may reduce the risk of stroke/SE.
Disclosure of Interest: H. ten Cate Grant/Research Support from: Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, AstraZeneca, Consultant for: Philips,
Speaker Bureau of: Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, GSK, Leo, Roche,
Stago, S. Haas Consultant for: Bayer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Daiichi
Sankyo, Pfizer, Sanofi, Speaker Bureau of: Bayer, Bristol-Myers
Squibb, G. Accetta: None Declared, P. Angchaisuksiri: None
Declared, J. Camm Consultant for: Bayer, Biotronik, Boehringer Ingelheim, Boston Scientific, Bristol Myers Squibb, Cardiovascular
Therapeutics, ChanRx, Daiichi, Medtronic, Menarini, Mitsubishi,
Novartis, Richmond Pharmacology, Sanofi Aventis, Servier, St Jude
Medical, Takeda, Xention, Speaker Bureau of: Pfizer, R. Corbalan:
None Declared, J. Eikelboom Consultant for: AstraZeneca, Bayer
HealthCare, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Corgenix,
Daiichi Sankyo, Eisai, Eli Lilly, GlaxoSmithKline, Haemoscope,
Johnson & Johnson, McNeil, Pfizer, Portola and Sanofi-Aventis, D.
Fitzmaurice Consultant for: Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Sanofi
Aventis, Bristol-Myer Squibb, Daiichi, Janssen, Portola, S. Goldhaber
Grant/Research Support from: Bristol-Myers Squibb, BTG, Daiichi,
NHLBI, Consultant for: Boehringer-Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb,
Daiichi, Janssen, Portola, S. Goto Grant/Research Support from: Sanofi Aventis, Pfizer, Consultant for: Bristol-Myers Squibb, BristolMyers Squibb/Pfizer, Bayer, Daiichi Sankyo, Sanofi Aventis, Medtronics, Speaker Bureau of: Bristol-Myers Squibb/Pfizer, B. Jacobson
Consultant for: Bayer HealthCare, Sanofi Aventis, G. Kayani: None
Declared, A. Turpie Consultant for: Janssen, Bayer Healthcare, Boehringer Ingelheim, Pfizer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Speaker Bureau of:
Janssen, Bayer Healthcare, Boehringer Ingelheim, Pfizer, BristolMyers Squibb, A. Kakkar Grant/Research Support from: Bayer
Healthcare, Boehringer-Ingelheim Pharma, Bristol-Myers-Squibb Co,
Eisai Inc, Pfizer Inc, Sanofi SA, Consultant for: Bayer Healthcare, Boehringer-Ingelheim Pharma, Bristol-Myers-Squibb Co, Daiichi Sankyo Europe, Eisai Inc, Pfizer Inc, Sanofi SA.
OR097
Independent predictors of poor vitamin k antagonist
control in venous thromboembolism patients: data
from the einstein-dvt and pe studies
Kooistra HA1, Gebel M2, Sahin K3, Lensing AW2 and Meijer K1
1
Division of Haemostasis and Thrombosis, Department of
Haemotology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen,
Netherlands; 2Bayer HealthCare, Wuppertal; 3ClinStat GmbH,
Cologne, Germany
Background: Vitamin K antagonists (VKA) are used to prevent recurrent disease in patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE). Their
ABSTRACTS
efficacy and safety depend on individual time in therapeutic range
(iTTR) and variability of International Normalised Ratios.
Aims: We aimed to identify independent predictors of poor VKA control > 28 days.
Methods: In a prospective cohort of 3825 VTE patients, separate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of low
iTTR ( lower quartile) and instability (iTTR <median and variability
>median). Subsequently, the correlation between these predictors and
clinical outcome was investigated in Cox models. The EINSTEIN
studies were approved by the institutional review board of each centre,
and written informed consent was obtained from all patients.
Results: Fragility (odds ratio [OR] = 1.53), age > 75 years
(OR = 0.58), malignancy (OR = 1.48), secondary VTE (OR = 1.42),
and INR < 2.0 at stop of double therapy (OR = 1.35) were independent predictors of low iTTR. Only the first three were also predictive
for instability (OR = 1.50, OR = 0.59 and OR = 1.90, respectively).
Predictive values of early ( 28 days) low iTTR and instability
depended on type of VKA. In acenocoumarol users, only early low
iTTR was an independent predictor of subsequent low iTTR
(OR = 1.93) and instability (OR = 1.54). In warfarin users, early low
iTTR (OR = 1.35) and instability (OR = 1.25) were additionally predictive for low iTTR, but only the latter was predictive for instability
(OR = 1.92). Many predictors of VKA control predicted also premature discontinuation, but few were prognostic for thrombotic or bleeding events.
Conclusion: We identified several independent predictors of low iTTR
and instability, which showed some similarities but did not fully overlap. Early VKA control was of additional value for prediction of both,
but had to be interpreted in the context of VKA type.
Disclosure of Interest: H. Kooistra: None Declared, M. Gebel Shareholder of: Bayer Pharma AG, Employee of: Bayer Pharma AG, K. Sahin: None Declared, A. Lensing Employee of: Bayer HealthCare, K.
Meijer Grant/Research Support from: Bayer, Baxter and Sanquin.
OR098
Bleeding risks are high in elderly persons who use
vitamin k antagonists combined with platelet
aggregation inhibitors
Rein NV1,2,3, Heide-Jrgensen U1, Lijfering WM2,3,4, Pedersen L1,
Dekkers OM1,4, Srensen HT1 and Cannegieter SC4
1
Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University
Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; 2Department of Thrombosis and
Hemostasis; 3Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular
Medicine; 4Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden
University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
Background: Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) frequently require
vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) and at times additional platelet aggregation inhibitors. Combining platelet aggregation inhibitors and
VKAs increases the risk of major bleeds two- to fourfold. This risk
combined with the age-related increase in baseline bleeding risk may
be a contraindication for combination therapy in elderly. However,
data are lacking on absolute bleeding risks stratified by age.
Aims: To examine the bleeding risk for VKAs and/or platelet aggregation inhibitors in AF patients stratified by age.
Methods: This nationwide cohort study focused on Danish patients
aged 50 years or older diagnosed with incident AF between 1995 and
2013. Seven exposure categories (based on a prescription database
data) were considered: VKAs, aspirin, clopidogrel, dipyridamol, a
combination of two platelet aggregation inhibitors, a platelet aggregation inhibitor combined with a VKA, and triple therapy. Incidence
rates (IRs) of major bleeds per 100 patient-years and 95% confidence
intervals (CIs) were stratified by 10-year age categories.
Results: 207,085 (87%) of 238,555 AF patients filled at least one prescription for an anticoagulant. 35,399 major bleeds occurred during a
131
follow-up of 1,015,511 patient-years. For monotherapy, the overall IR

for bleeds was 1.78 (95%CI 1.641.92) among patients aged 50
60 years. IRs increased to 4.79 (95%CI 4.295.34) and 4.45 (95%CI
4.204.72) for patients aged over 90 years taking VKAs and aspirin
respectively. Overall IRs during triple therapy were three to five times
higher (IR range: 9.02 to 20.27) compared with VKA monotherapy.
IRs for triple therapy were 14.18 (95%CI 11.9416.72) and 20.27
(95%CI 11.7832.68) for patients aged above 80 and 90 years, respectively.
Conclusion: Major bleeding rates are high in AF patients aged 80 years
or older who receive triple therapy. To judge whether triple therapy is
contraindicated in particular age groups, data are needed on its preventive effect on ischemic stroke.
OR099
The effect of CYP2C9 polymorphism on inr decline in
patients stopping warfarin before surgery
Abohelaika S1, Wynne H2, Avery P3 and Kamali F1
1
Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University;
2
Department of Older Peoples Medicine, NHS Foundation Trust,
Freeman Hospital; 3School of Mathematics and Statistics,
Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Background: Patients on warfarin scheduled for elective surgery are
normally required to stop treatment for 5 days prior to the procedure
taking place in order to minimise the risk of per-operative bleeding.
However, the anticoagulant activity of warfarin subsides at different
rates among different patients which can lead to postponements or
cancellations of surgery. The variable rate of fall in INR could be
explained by variability in warfarin clearance influenced by patient
genetics.
Aims: To investigate the potential influence of CYP2C9 polymorphism
on the rate of fall in INR in patients withdrawing from warfarin prior
to elective surgery.
Methods: 152 patients on chronic warfarin therapy (aged 4393 years)
who were scheduled for elective surgery were recruited. A single blood
sample was taken for CYP2C9 genotyping after obtaining informed
consent. INR was measured on days 1 and 5 of warfarin withdrawal.
Information about patients comorbidities, concurrent use of drugs,
weight and height were recorded.
Results: For patients with two CYP2C9 variant alleles (*2*2 or *2*3),
the odds of having an INR 1.5 before the planned day of surgery
were 8.64 times greater (95% CI = 2.25, 33.25) than for other patients.
Multiple regression analysis revealed that the rate of INR decline is
reduced in the presence of two CYP2C9 variant alleles as well as
increasing patient age, weight and number of comorbidities and is
increased with increasing initial INR [F(5, 132) = 242.9, P < 0.0001],
all of which accounted for approximately 90% of the inter-individual
variability in INR decline.
Conclusion: A genotype-guided protocol to tailor warfarin withdrawal
according to individual patients CYP2C9 genotype could reduce costs
through a reduction in cancellation or delays of planned procedures
and could also be beneficial when transitioning patients from warfarin
to one of the new oral anticoagulants.
132
ABSTRACTS
OR100
Impact of vitamin k antagonists (VKA) on quality of life
(QOL) in a prospective cohort of 807 atrial fibrillation
(AF) patients
Kooistra HA1,2, Piersma-Wichers M1,2, Kluin-Nelemans HC2,
Veeger NJ3 and Meijer K2
1
Certe Thrombosis Service Groningen; 2Division of Haemostasis
and Thrombosis, Department of Haemotology; 3Department of
Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical
Centre Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
Background: VKA reduce the risk of ischemic stroke in AF patients,
but many patients are reluctant to take it. One of the reasons is the
expected burden of complex dosing, blood monitoring and food and
drug interactions. However, it is unclear to what extent VKA use influences QoL.
Aims: Analyzing the impact of VKA initiation on QoL, and the influence of changes in patient and treatment characteristics on VKA perception.
Methods: In a prospective cohort of 240 new and 567 long-term VKA
users, generic QoL and VKA perception (satisfaction and convenience) were measured at inclusion and at 3 months by the validated
SF-36 and PACT-Q questionnaires (scores range 0100). Effect sizes
[ES] were determined according to Cohen (small = 0.20,
medium = 0.50). Data on age, sex, comorbidity, comedication, time in
therapeutic range (TTR), monitoring frequency, no. of tablets, bleeding and thromboses were collected. According to Dutch law, no
approval by the institutional review board was needed. All patients
gave written informed consent.
Results: In new patients, treatment convenience (median: 95) increased
with age, and was lower after bleeding in patients <65 years (regression coefficient [RC] -12). Satisfaction (median: 64) was not related to
any factor. Six out of 8 SF-36 domains improved after 3 months (ES
0.270.37). Then, scores were comparable to the long-term patients
and the general Dutch population. The latter had only slightly higher
scores for physical role (ES 0.19) and general health (ES 0.17). In longterm patients, increase in convenience was associated with improved
TTR (RC 0.03; r2 0.01). Satisfaction decreased in case of more comedication (RC 7.0; r2 0.02).
Conclusion: The initially lower QoL improved 3 months after VKA
initiation to a level that was comparable to long-term patients and
even the general population. Convenience was overall high, but lower
in younger patients. Satisfaction was moderate. Changes in patient
and treatment characteristics were either not or only weakly related to
VKA perception.
Hemophilia prophylaxis
OR101
Spinart trial 3-year results with bayers sucroseformulated recombinant factor VIII: relationship
between bleeding frequency and joint health in adults
with severe hemophilia A using prophylaxis
Reding MT1, Kempton CL2, Funk S3, Engelen S4, Walker D4 and
Hong W4
1
University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; 2Emory University,
Atlanta; 3University of Colorado Denver, Aurora; 4Bayer
HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, Whippany, USA
Background: The 3-year, open-label, randomized, controlled, parallelgroup SPINART study compared prophylaxis vs on-demand treatment with Bayers sucrose-formulated recombinant factor VIII
(rFVIII-FS) in adults and adolescents with severe hemophilia A.
Aims: To examine the relationship between bleeding frequency and

joint health at year 3 of SPINART
Methods: SPINART included males aged 1250 years with severe
hemophilia A, 150 exposure days to FVIII, 624 bleeding events or
treatments in the previous 6 months, and without an inhibitor or prophylaxis for > 12 months during the past 5 years. Patients received
rFVIII-FS either on demand for treatment of bleeding events or
25 IU kg1 3 times/wk as prophylaxis. Study outcomes included
bleeding frequency (primary) and changes in the Colorado Adult Joint
Assessment Scale (CAJAS; secondary endpoint), with increases from
baseline indicating worse joint health. Data for the intent-to-treat population (n = 84, 42 per group) are presented.
Results: Change from baseline to year 3 in CAJAS total score was 0.63
for on demand and 0.31 for prophylaxis (least squares [LS] mean difference, 0.94; 95% CI, 1.61 to 0.26; P = 0.0072 by constrained
longitudinal data analysis). LS mean change from baseline at years 1
and 2 was 0.19 and 0.34 for on demand and 0.46 and 0.57 for prophylaxis, respectively. For patients on prophylaxis with no bleeds
(n = 14), 110 bleeds (n = 18), 1150 bleeds (n = 6), and > 50 bleeds
(n = 1) during the study, mean change from baseline CAJAS total
score at year 3 was 0.89, 0.37, 0.08, and 1.17, respectively, using
last observation carried forward (postbaseline CAJAS scores were not
available for 3 patients on prophylaxis).
Conclusion: Patients with severe hemophilia A who received secondary
prophylaxis with rFVIII-FS during SPINART experienced significant
reduction in bleeding frequency and improvement in joint health as
measured by CAJAS at 3 years compared with patients treated on
demand.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Reding Grant/Research Support from: Bayer, Consultant for: Bayer, Baxter, Biogen Idec, and Novo Nordisk,
Speaker Bureau of: Baxter, Biogen Idec, and Novo Nordisk, C. Kempton Consultant for: Bayer, S. Funk Consultant for: paid consultant on
the Bayer-sponsored SPINART study, S. Engelen Employee of: Bayer
HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, D. Walker Employee of: Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, W. Hong Employee of: Bayer HealthCare
Pharmaceuticals.
OR102
Discontinuing early prophylaxis in young adults with
severe haemophilia A: deterioration of joint status
after 10 years despite low bleeding rates
Nijdam A1, Foppen W2, de Kleijn P1,3, Mauser-Bunschoten E1,
Roosendaal G1, van Galen K1, Schutgens R1 and Fischer K1,4
1
Van Creveldkliniek; 2Department of Radiology; 3Department of
Rehabilitation, Nursing Science and Sports; 4Julius Center for
Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center
Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
Background: Although the efficacy of early prophylaxis in haemophilia
is well established, up to 35% of patients switch to on demand treatment in adulthood while maintaining a low bleeding frequency and
similar joint status. However, so far follow-up after stopping was limited ( 4.6 years).
Aims: This study assesses the long-term consequences of discontinuing
prophylaxis started in early childhood.
Methods: Single centre cohort study in patients with severe haemophilia A, born 19701988, without inhibitors. Self-initiated changes in
prophylaxis were recorded from starting self-infusion to last evaluation. All switches to on demand treatment for a minimum of two consecutive weeks were considered. Subjective outcome was measured by
self-reported joint bleeds in the last 3 years and the Haemophilia
Activities List (HAL, range 1000). Objective outcome of the elbows,
knees and ankles was measured by the Haemophilia Joint Health
Score (HJHS version 2.1, range 0124 points) and the radiological Pet-
ABSTRACTS
tersson score (range 078 points). Differences in outcome parameters
were analysed using log-linear regression adjusted for age.
Results: Out of 66 patients, evaluated at a median age of 32.4 years
and follow up of 16.6 years, 27 (41%) patients discontinued prophylaxis at least once: 10 interrupted and 17 patients stopped prophylaxis
permanently. Self-reported and objective outcome for patients who
stopped prophylaxis were compared to outcome in patients who continued prophylaxis. At a median of 10.1 years (IQR:5.913.8) after
stopping prophylaxis, patients who stopped showed worse arthropathy
(HJHS: 23 vs. 14; Pettersson: 16 vs. 5; P < 0.01), while self-reported
outcome was similar in both groups (1.2 joint bleeds/year; HAL: 84).
Conclusion: In spite of good self-reported outcome, significant deterioration of joint status was seen ten years after stopping early prophylaxis. These results support the need for continued prophylaxis in
adults with severe haemophilia and careful monitoring of joint status
using objective tools.
OR103
Retrospective 28-year long term follow-up of
prophylaxis in a cohort of 49 patients with severe
haemophilia A
Oldenburg J, Kramer L, Goldmann G, Marquardt N and
Brackmann H-H
Institute of Experimental Haematology and Transfusion
Medicine, University Clinic Bonn, Bonn, Germany
Background: Prophylaxis in children with severe haemophilia A represents the gold standard treatment regimen to prevent bleeding and
subsequent joint disease. This treatment regimen became the therapy
standard at the Bonn haemophilia Center at the mid 70ies.
Aims: Long-term evaluation of an intensive prophylaxis regimen in
children with severe haemophilia A.
Methods: Retrospective analysis of 49 patients with severe haemophiia
A who started a prophylactic regimen in 1978 between the age of 1
16 years were evaluated in 2006. Petterson scores were available from
X-rays from ankle, knee and elbow joints taken every 35 years. Gilbert scores were assessed annualy. Concentrate consumption as well as
number of total bleeds and joint bleeds were taken from the patients
records.
Results: After 28 years only 13% of the patients had normal Petterson
scores for an ankle joint, 42% for a knee joint and 53% for an elbow
joint. The ankle joint was the first to develop pathological Petterson
scores (defined as score > 1) after a median time of 10 years, followed
by the knee joint and elbow joints with median times of 20 and
25 years, respectively. The Gilbert scores became pathologic about
one decade after the Petterson scores. The number of total bleeds were
6.1/year and 0.2/year for joint bleeds.
Conclusion: Current prophylaxis regimens can not prevent joint disease
in a life time perspective, Ankle joints are the first joints developing
arthropathy in patients on a prophylactic regimen. Therefore ankle
joints may serve a an indicator of early joint disease and worthwhile to
follow by MRI between age 710 years.
133
OR104
Prophylaxis in children with severe and moderate
haemophilia: a survey of UK practice
Rodgers R1, Alamelu J2, Collins P3, Mathias M4, Payne J5,
Richards M6, Tunstall O7, Williams M8, Young D9, Biss T10,
Thomas A11, Chalmers E1 and On behalf of On behalf of the
Paediatric Working Party of UKHCDO
1
Haematology, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Glasgow;
2
Haematology, Evelina London Childrens Hospital, London;
3
Arthur Bloom Haemophilia Centre, School of Medicine Cardiff
University, Cardiff; 4Haemophilia Centre, Great Ormond Street
Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London;
5
Haematology, Sheffield Childrens Hospital, Sheffield;
6
Haematology, Leeds Childrens Hospital, Leeds; 7Haematology,
Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Bristol; 8Haematology,
Birmingham Childrens Hospital, Birmingham; 9Statistics,
University of Strathclyde, Glasgow; 10Haematology, Newcastle
upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle;
11
Haematology, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Edinburgh, UK
Background: Prophylaxis reduces the risk of joint damage in severe
haemophilia A (HA) and is recommended for all severely affected children. Uncertainty persists regarding optimal regimens and there are
few data on its use in non-severe haemophilia.
Aims: To assess prophylaxis in severe and moderate haemophilia in
UK children born between 19952013 and to compare this to published guidelines.
Methods: Questionnaire survey of UK paediatric haemophilia centres.
Results: 32 centres replied including 22 Comprehensive Care Centres
(CCCs). 1009 children were identified, 82% HA (84% severe), 18%
haemophilia B (HB) (66% severe). Overall 86% severe HA and 76%
HB children were on prophylaxis, increasing to 96% and 80% respectively in those age > 3 years. Overall 2% were not on prophylaxis due
to inhibitors. Prophylaxis in moderate haemophilia was 22% in HA
and 9.6% in HB. 12 (55%) of CCCs use pharmacokinetic (PK) dosing
(trough > 1 iu dL1) while 10 (45%) dose adjust on clinical criteria.
10 CCCs provided detailed information. From 19952010 age and
exposure days at prophylaxis onset reduced for both HA and HB. 135/
242 (56%) and 22/43 (51%) of children with HA and HB respectively
commenced prophylaxis for haemarthrosis +/soft tissue bleeding. In
HA 36% started prior to a first joint bleed and 78% had 2 joint
bleeds, compared with 41% and 77% in HB. 6% and 2% of
cases started for ICH. The initial prophylaxis regimen in HA varied
from x1 per week to alternate days. In HA 60% of children are currently on alternate day prophylaxis, while 20% are on x3 per
week. Median dose is 30 iu kg1 (range 1096). In HB 77% receive
prophylaxis x2 per week with a median dose of 45 iu kg1 (range 18
69). 192/338 (57%) non-inhibitor cases used a portacath at some
stage. In HA a previous inhibitor and PK dosing are associated with
higher FVIII use.
Conclusion: In keeping with current guidelines the majority of children
in the UK with severe haemophilia receive prophylaxis. There is however evidence of variation in how this is prescribed and monitored.
Disclosure of Interest: R. Rodgers: None Declared, J. Alamelu: None
Declared, P. Collins Grant/Research Support from: CSL, Consultant
for: Baxter, Novo, Bayer, CSL, Biogne Idec, Speaker Bureau of: Baxter, Novo, Bayer, CSL, M. Mathias: None declared, J. Payne: None
declared, M. Richards: None declared, O. Tunstall: None declared, M.
Williams: None declared, D. Young: None declared, T. Biss: None
declared, A. Thomas: None declared, E. Chalmers: None declared.
134
ABSTRACTS
OR105
Prophylaxis in adult patients with severe hemophilia A
or B without inhibitors
Aledort L1, Avila ML2, Blanchette V2, Lambert T3 and On behalf
of Factor Utilization Expert Working Group of the International
Prophylaxis Study Group (IPSG) and other Survey Investigators
1
The Mary Weinfeld Professor of Clinical Research in
Hemophilia, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USA;
2
Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada;
3
Centre de Traitement des Hemophiles, Hopital de Bicetre APHP, Le Kremlin Bicetre, France
Background: Long-term prophylaxis is recommended as standard of
care in children with severe hemophilia A (HA) and B (HB) without
inhibitors. However, long-term prophylaxis is used less frequently in
adults with severe hemophilia.
Aims: To understand the use of long-term prophylaxis (and prophylaxis regimens) in adults with severe hemophilia.
Methods: We surveyed (as of Dec 2013) hemophilia treatment centers
(HTCs) in countries where long-term prophylaxis in children is routinely used.
Results: 112 HTC from 14 countries in North America, Australasia,
and Western Europe reported on 3497 severe HA and 648 severe HB
adults. A significantly higher proportion of HA patients were on prophylaxis (HA: 60% vs HB: 50%; 2 P < .001). This was particularly
true in the age group of 1830 y [73% (HA) vs 60% (HB)]. For HA
patients the use of prophylaxis was progressively less in older age
groups: 3140 y (55%), 4150 y (46%), 5170 y (38%) and > 70 y
(27%). Surprisingly there was little drop in the proportion of HB
patients on prophylaxis with increasing age (between 39 and 49% of
patients in all age groups were on prophylaxis).
Most HA patients on prophylaxis (61%) were receiving 3 infusions/
wk while most HB patients on prophylaxis (76%) were receiving 2
infusions/wk. Once/wk prophylaxis was reported in 3% of HA
patients on prophylaxis and by 19% of HB patients on prophylaxis
while daily prophylaxis was rarely reported in both groups: 5% (HA)
and 2% (HB).
Conclusion: This survey captured information on 4145 adults with
severe HA/HB and represents current prophylaxis use in adults with
hemophilia in Western countries. Given the well documented benefits
of prophylaxis in children it is reassuring to observe that HTCs are
extrapolating from their experience in children to adults and that prophylaxis in adults is more prevalent than previously reported.
Factor VIII I
OR106
Transgene expression under the control of FVIII
promoter for hemophilia A targeted therapy
Zanolini D, Merlin S, Bruscaggin V and Follenzi A
Health Science, Universit
a del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
Background: Liver is considered the main organ producing FVIII,
although other cell sources were identified and little is still know about
FVIII promoter regulation. FVIII promoter (pF8) was initially
described in 1995 but a fine characterization is still required
Aims: To evaluate pF8 activity in cells and tissues and to assess if this
promoter is suitable for FVIII in gene therapy application
Methods: In silico analysis to predict transcriptional factor (TF) consensus sequences on pF8 was performed by the software PROMO 3.0.
Short and Long FVIII promoter (SpF8: 1175 and LpF8: 2350)
sequences were amplified by PCR and cloned in LV carrying GFP or
FVIII as transgene. GFP distribution was analyzed by FACS and
immunofluorescence in cells and tissues. FVIII activity was measured

by aPTT
Results: In silico analysis of TF consensus sequences predicted the
presence of several myeloid-specific TF, in addition to hepatocytesand endothelial-specific TF. In vitro LV-transduction showed GFP
expression mainly in several myeloid and endothelial cells and a feeble
expression in hepatic cell lines. Since no differences in GFP expression
between long and short pF8, we used the SpF8 for further studies.
After LV injection in mice GFP expression was restricted to hepatic
non-parenchymal cells, meanwhile hepatocytes were barely detected
(< 1%). In particular, by costaining of GFP and liver sinusoidal endothelial (LSEC) or Kupffer cell-specific markers revealed pF8 was predominantly active in LSEC. Instead, in hematopoietic organs, such as
spleen and bone marrow, GFP expression was virtually restricted to
myeloid cells. We injected LV.SpF8.hFVIII in hemophilia A mice. So
far, aPTT assay demonstrated FVIII activity in therapeutic range
without antibody formation
Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that pF8 is differentially active in
cell-subpopulations of several organs contributing to identify the
FVIII producing cells and targeting FVIII expression in these cells by
LV produce FVIII in therapeutic range
OR107
Role of the IGG backbone in B cell depletion and
inhibitor reversal in hemophilia A WITH anti-CD20
antibodies
Rogers GL1, Sherman A1, Markusic D1, Jiang H2 and Herzog R1
1
Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville; 2Hematology,
Biogen Idec, Cambridge, USA
Background: Inhibitor formation against factor VIII (FVIII) is a major
complication in the treatment of hemophilia A (HA). Current immune
tolerance induction (ITI) regimens are not universally effective. Rituximab, a B cell-depleting antibody against CD20, has shown mixed
results for inhibitor reversal in patients. Few pre-clinical data are
available.
Aims: 1) To extensively characterize the depletion and recovery of B
cells in multiple immune compartments with IgG2a or IgG1 antibodies
against murine CD20. 2) To assess the ability of these antibodies to
reverse pre-existing inhibitors in HA mice.
Methods: Inhibitors (ave. ~70 BU) were generated by weekly IV injections of FVIII in BALB/c-HA mice (n = 7/group). Subsequently, antimCD20 (18B12) with IgG2a or IgG1 backbone was injected IV
(250 lg) at day 0 and 21 (n = 5/group). One day and 2 months later,
spleen, lymph nodes, bone marrow, and peripheral blood were harvested and the frequency and absolute number of B cell subsets were
assessed by flow cytometry.
Results: Overall, B cell depletion was more complete using IgG2a antimCD20. Particularly, minimal depletion of B-10 cells (which produce
IL-10), marginal zone and B-1b cells (innate-like B cells involved in Tindependent humoral immunity) was observed with IgG1 antimCD20. Plasma cells were largely unaffected by either treatment.
Recovery was mostly complete after 2 months. Both antibodies
reduced inhibitor titers to ~33 BU during maximum B cell depletion.
However, inhibitors eventually rebounded over a 2-month period,
albeit delayed by 1 month when using IgG2a anti-mCD20 (the murine
equivalent to Rituximab).
Conclusion: Although IgG1 anti-mCD20 spared potentially tolerogenic B cell subsets, IgG2a directed longer-lasting hyporesponsiveness.
This reduction is promising in that it may facilitate inhibitor reversal
in combination with other tolerogenic therapies. In order to also target
the T cell compartment, we are currently testing this therapy in combination with other drugs.
ABSTRACTS
Disclosure of Interest: G. Rogers: None Declared, A. Sherman: None
Declared, D. Markusic: None Declared, H. Jiang Shareholder of: Biogen Idec, Employee of: Biogen Idec, R. Herzog Grant/Research Support from: Biogen Idec.
OR108
High throughput amino acid sequence epitope
mapping of inhibitory antibodies in severe hemophilia
A
Batty P1, Skelton S1, Shepherd AJ2, Mancuso ME3,
Santagostino E3, Peyvandi F3 and Hart DP1
1
The Royal London Hospital Haemophilia Centre, Barts and The
London School of Medicine and Dentistry; 2Institute of Structural
and Molecular Biology, Birkbeck, University of London, London,
UK; 3Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis
Center, Milan, Italy
Background: Inhibitory antibodies complicate a third of severe hemophilia A (HA) cases. A high throughput epitope mapping technology
could characterise inhibitors in patient cohorts to gain insight into
their inhibitory mechanism.
Aims: To epitope map inhibitor samples from patients with severe HA
using a novel, high throughput, ELISA based, reusable peptide microarray (Pepscan).
Methods: Samples from 13 severe HA patients with known inhibitors
were analysed. The mapping platform consists of parallel peptide
microarrays with overlapping 20 (linear) or 15-mer (looped) libraries,
providing an in-vitro mimic of primary and secondary structure. The
sequence coverage is 98.2% (12290) with a cut-off defined by monoclonal antibody data.
Results: The median inhibitor titre was 26.0 BU mL1 (range 0.8
750). There were 77 regions of positive binding (linear and looped),
with a median of 6 per patient (range 39). Binding was seen in the A1
(n = 12), a1 (n = 11), A2 (n = 7), a2 (n = 6), B (n = 10), a3 (n = 4), A3
(n = 7) and C2 (n = 1) domains (patients). 17 epitopes recurred in 2
patients. All of the epitopes represented within the FVIII crystal structure (2R7E) demonstrated solvent accessible residues for antibody
interaction. 11/13 patients demonstrated binding within an A1/a1
region (316365), containing the Factor X interaction site (337372), a
sulphated tyrosine residue (Tyr346) important for FVIII activation
and the Activated Protein C inactivation site (Arg336). Binding was
also seen in regions associated with von Willebrand Factor (1646
1670), activated Factor IX (701730) interaction and sites of structural
importance: disulphide bond formation (231255, 316365); calcium
ion (96125); zinc ion (231255 and 316365) and a sulphated tyrosine
residue (701730).
Conclusion: A high throughput peptide microarray offers a novel, low
sample volume approach for epitope mapping in clinical studies. The
sequence epitopes described present putative mechanisms of action for
inhibitors to FVIII.
Disclosure of Interest: P. Batty Grant/Research Support from: Octapharma, Bayer and Baxter, S. Skelton: None Declared, A. Shepherd:
None Declared, M. Mancuso: None Declared, E. Santagostino: None
Declared, F. Peyvandi: None Declared, D. Hart Grant/Research Support from: Octapharma, Bayer and Baxter, Speaker Bureau of: Pfizer,
Novo Nordisk, Baxter.
135
OR109
Adoptive transfer of in vitro expanded FVIII-specific
regulatory T cells to mediate tolerance in hemophilia A
mice
Smith B1, Lyle MJ1 and Miao CH1,2
1
Seattle Childrens Research Institute; 2Department of Pediatrics,
Background: The current standard of care for Hemophilia A (HemA)
is protein replacement therapy, but complications arise in one-third of
patients from the development of inhibitory antibodies to factor VIII
(FVIII). The immune response also hinders the long-term potential for
gene therapy treatments.
Aims: We have pursued development of a protocol to expand regulatory T (Treg) cells specific to FVIII for modulating anti-FVIII immune
responses. Antigen-specificity could reduce the risk of off-target suppression without compromising long-term tolerance.
Methods: Treg cells are isolated from FVIII-sensitized mice, sorted on
CD25high marking, and subsequently expanded specifically with FVIII,
APCs and IL-2. Afterwards, Treg cells are further expanded with antiCD3/anti-CD28 beads, anti-Crry, and IL-2. Adoptive transfer experiments into HemA mice are performed to test in vivo suppressive function of expanded Treg cells.
Results: After a 1020 fold overall expansion of activated Treg cells,
in vitro FVIII-specific suppressive assays of non-specifically expanded
cells indicate that FVIII-sensitized Treg cells are 100% suppressive at
a ratio of 1:2 responder T cells, compared to 65% suppression with
naive Treg cells. In vivo adoptive transfer results show expanded Treg
cells from both FVIII sensitized and nave mice are able to regulate
anti-FVIII immune responses. Encouragingly, Treg cells expanded
FVIII-specifically are 80% CD25 + Foxp3 + and have 100% FVIIIspecific suppressive activity at a ratio of 1:16 responder T cells, compared to < 20% activity in non-specifically expanded FVIII-sensitized
Treg cells.
Conclusion: Our data demonstrate that Treg cells can be successfully
expanded in vitro and effectively suppress anti-FVIII inhibitor
response in HemA mice after FVIII challenge. The FVIII-specific
expansion protocol yields even more potent Treg cells to induce longterm tolerance to FVIII, thus significantly increasing the translational
potential of adoptive Treg cell therapy.
OR110
Hepatocellular distribution of FVIII in ex vivo perfused
rat liver: liver sinusoidal endothelial cells are the cells
primarily responsible for uptake of FVIII
Roepstorff K1, Loftager M2, Clausen JT3, Kjalke M4, Rode F5,
Haaning J6 and Appa RS1
1
Histology and Bioimaging; 2Haemophilia Research Bioanalysis;
3
Antibody Technology; 4Haemophilia Translational Biology;
5
Pharmacokinetics; 6Research Projects, Novo Nordisk A/S,
M
alv, Denmark
Background: It is well established that FVIII is primarily cleared by
the liver.
Aims: To determine which liver cells are responsible for uptake and
degradation of FVIII, the hepatocellular distribution of FVIII was
investigated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) of rat livers perfused
ex vivo with recombinant FVIII (turoctocog alfa) with or without coadministration of a molar excess of a fragment of von Willebrand Factor (VWF) containing the FVIII binding site (DD3A1).
Methods: Rat livers were isolated and cannulated via the portal vein
and vena cava to generate an ex vivo recirculating model. FVIII
(2 nM) was added to a Krebs Henseleit/BSA perfusate buffer with or
136
ABSTRACTS
without VWF-DD3A1 (35 nM). Thereafter, histological liver sections

were stained for FVIII and either CD31 (staining liver sinusoidal
endothelial cells (LSECs)) or CD68 (staining Kupffer cells).
Results: Brightfield microscopy of FVIII stained rat livers showed that
FVIII was taken up by both hepatocytes and by non-parenchymal
cells, consisting of LSECs and Kupffer cells. Non-parenchymal cells
stained significantly stronger than hepatocytes. Since hepatocytes are
the most abundant cells in the liver, FVIII clearance via these cells
may still be significant. The FVIII staining pattern was identical in livers perfused for 20 min and 80 min, demonstrating that FVIII is steadily degraded by all FVIII-uptaking cell types within this time span.
Co-formulation of FVIII with VWF-DD3A1 reduced the liver uptake
of FVIII, but the relative distribution of FVIII between cell types was
not altered. Double staining for FVIII and non-parenchymal cells
revealed that the majority of FVIII was found in CD31-positive
LSECs, with weaker staining of Kupffer cells.
Conclusion: FVIII is internalized by all major cell types in the liver,
with the strongest FVIII staining detected in LSECs as compared to
Kupffer cells and hepatocytes. This suggests that LSECs, in addition
to hepatocytes, have a primary role in FVIII clearance.
Disclosure of Interest: K. Roepstorff Shareholder of: Novo Nordisk,
Employee of: Novo Nordisk, M. Loftager Shareholder of: Novo Nordisk, Employee of: Novo Nordisk, J. Clausen Shareholder of: Novo
Nordisk, Employee of: Novo Nordisk, M. Kjalke Shareholder of:
Novo Nordisk, Employee of: Novo Nordisk, F. Rode Employee of:
Novo Nordisk, J. Haaning Employee of: Novo Nordisk, R. Appa
Shareholder of: Novo Nordisk, Employee of: Novo Nordisk.
Platelets kinases-I
OR111
Distinct pathways regulate SYK activation downstream
of itam and HEMI-ITAM receptors in platelets
Manne B1, Badolia R1, Dangelmaier C2, Ellmeier W3, Kahn M4 and
Kunapuli SP1
1
Department of Physiology; 2Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research
Center, Temple University, Philadelphia, USA; 3Center for
Pathophysiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria;
4
Department of Medicine and division of Cardiology, University
of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
Background: Tyrosine kinase pathways are known to play an important role in the activation of platelets. In particular, GPVI and CLEC2 receptors are known to activate Syk upon tyrosine phosphorylation
of an Immune Tyrosine Activation Motif (ITAM) and hemi-ITAM,
respectively. However, unlike GPVI, the CLEC-2 receptor contains
only one tyrosine motif in the intracellular domain. The mechanisms
by which this receptor activates Syk are not completely understood.
Aims: In this study, we identified a novel signaling mechanism of Syk
activation downstream of CLEC-2 hemi-ITAM receptor
Methods: We used pharmacological and genetical approach to evaluate the role of PI3-Kinase and Tec-family kinases downstream of
CLEC-2 in platelets. We used pharmacoloical inhibitors such as
LY294003, pan PI3-Kinase inhibitor and Ibrutinib, a Tec-family
kinase inhibitor to evaluate the role of these molecules in Syk activation. We also used Btk/, Tec/, Btk/ and Tec/ double
knockouts to evaluate the role of Tec kinases in CLEC-2 signaling and
Syk activation.
Results: CLEC-2-mediated, but not GPVI-mediated, platelet activation and Syk phosphorylation were abolished by inhibition of PI3Kinase and Tec-family, which demonstrates that PI3-Kinase and Tefamily kinases regulate Syk downstream of CLEC-2. To address the
role of Tec family kinases downstream of CLEC-2 in vivo we analyzes
Btk/, Tec/ and Btk/;Tec/ double-deficient mice embryos
to the vascular phenotype that can be usually seen in embryos with
CLEC-2/ or Syk/. Animals lacking Btk or Tec alone exhibited

no vascular phenotype, but Btk/;Tec/ double-deficient embryos
exhibited cutaneous edema associated with blood-filled vessels in a
typical lymphatic pattern similar to CLEC2/ deficient embryos.
Conclusion: Thus our data show, for the first time, that a PI3-Kinase
and Tec-family kinases play a crucial role in regulation of platelet activation and Syk phosphorylation downstream of the CLEC-2 receptor.
OR112
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 phosphorylation prevents
pathological GPVI-mediated platelet activation and
thrombosis
Moore SF, Blair TA and Hers I
School of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Bristol,
Bristol, UK
Background: Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) is a constitutively
active kinase. Its activity is negatively regulated by phosphorylation
of a serine residue near its NH2-terminus (GSK3a/b: Ser21/9). We previously demonstrated that PAR-mediated GSK3 phosphorylation supports platelet function. However, the role of GSK3 phosphorylation in
GPVI-mediated platelet activation and thrombosis is presently
unknown.
Aims: The aim of our study is to identify the role of GSK3 phosphorylation in platelet activation and thrombus formation by the collagen
receptor GPVI.
Methods: GPVI-mediated platelet function (aggregation, ATP-secretion, integrin activation (JON/A binding) and P-selectin exposure) and
thrombosis (in vitro flow studies) were examined using platelets from
wild-type (WT) and GSK3a/b knock-in (KI) mice. GSK3 KI mice
express a non-phosphorylatable form (GSK3aSer21Ala/GSK3bSer9Ala)
of GSK3.
Results: Stimulation of platelets with a range of agonists resulted in
phosphorylation of GSK3a/b at Ser21/9, which was absent in platelets
from GSK3 KIs. Expression of total GSK3a/b was unchanged.
Thrombin-mediated platelet activation was reduced in GSK3 KI platelets, confirming our previous findings. In contrast collagen-related
peptide (CRP-XL)-mediated platelet activation was dramatically
enhanced in GSK3 KI platelets. This occurred with a parallel increase
in GPVI signalling, but without significant alterations in platelet GPVI
surface expression. Furthermore thrombus formation on a collagencoated surface was increased when using blood from GSK3 KI mice.
Intriguingly inhibition of GSK3 activity with potent and selective
ATP-competitive inhibitors (CHIR-99021 and LY2090314) did not
significantly alter CRP-XL-mediated platelet activation in both WT
and KI.
Conclusion: Collagen-mediated GSK3a/b phosphorylation prevents
pathological platelet activation and thrombus formation in a manner
that is independent of GSK3a/b kinase activity.
OR113
MEKK3 controls the ERK1/2- and JNK2-mediated
platelet activation and arterial thrombosis
Fan X, Wang C, Chen X, Dai J, Wu X, Wang K and Liu J
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology,
Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai,
China
Background: Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) play important roles in platelet activation and function. It is well known that
ABSTRACTS
MAPKs are activated through three-tiered kinase cascades classically
including a MAP3K, a MAP2K and a MAPK. Although MEKK3, a
member of the MAP3K family, is an important activator of MAPK
pathways, its functions in platelet activation and thrombosis remain
unknown.
Aims: To reveal the roles of MEKK3 in platelet activation and thrombus formation.
Methods: Platelet specific MEKK3 deletion mice were developed to
study the functions of MEKK3 in platelet activation and thrombosis.
FeCl3-induced carotid artery thrombosis model was used to evaluate
the role of MEKK3 in arterial thrombosis in vivo. The functions of
MEKK3 in platelet activation were assessed by flow-cytometry and
aggregometry in vitro.
Results: We found that ablation of MEKK3 in platelets resulted in
delayed the FeCl3-induced carotid artery occlusion in vivo. Aggregation and degranulation of MEKK3-deficient platelets in response to
low levels of thrombin, ADP and Thromboxane A2 receptor agonist
U46619 were markedly reduced. At the molecular levels, MEKK3deficiency led to severely impaired activation of extracellular signalregulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase 2
(JNK2), but not the MAPKs p38 or ERK5. Using chemical inhibitors
for JNKs, ERK1/2, p38 and ERK5, we found that the MEKK3
dependent platelet aggregation in response to ADP, U46619 and proteinase-activated-receptor 4 agonist peptide differentially require
ERK1/2 and JNK2, but not ERK5 or p38. However, ERK5 and p38
synergize with the MEKK3 mediated platelet activation, and full activation of platelets requires both the MEKK3-mediated signals and the
alternative activation of ERK5 or p38.
Conclusion: Our results unravel a previously undocumented critical
role of MEKK3 in platelet activation and thrombus formation. Our
study also provides mechanistic support for MEKK3 and ERK5 as
new promising antiplatelet targets.
OR114
Casein kinase 2 is critical player in platelet activation,
arterial thrombosis and ischemic stroke
nzer P2, Walker B2, Langhauser F3, Chatterjee M1,
Borst O1, Mu
Fotinos A1, Kleinschnitz C3, Lang F2 and Gawaz M1
1
Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine;
2
Department of Physiology, University Tuebingen, Tuebingen;
3
Department of Neurology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg,
Germany
Background: Intracellular signaling upon platelet activation is crucial
to development of acute arterial thrombotic occlusions. Casein kinase
2 (CK2) is an ubiquitous expressed tetramer composed of two a and
two regulatory b subunits. CK2 is expressed in platelets and becomes
activated upon platelet stimulation, but the impact of CK2-dependent
signaling on platelet activation is unclear.
Aims: The present study aimed to elucidate the impact of CK2 regulatory b subunit on platelet activation and arterial thrombosis.
Methods: CK2b-floxed mice were crossed with PF4-Cre mice to generate platelet-specific CK2b deficient mice (ck2bcre/+) and wildtype littermates (ck2b+/+); FACS analysis; luminescence measurements;
aggregometry; spectrofluorometry; flow chamber; FeCl3-induced
injury of mesenteric arterioles; occlusion of the middle cerebral artery
(MCAO); phospho-proteomics.
Results: Activation-dependent platelet secretion as well as integrin
aIIbb3 activation and platelet aggregation were severely impaired in
ck2bcre/+ platelets in response to activation with CRP or thrombin.
Ca2+ measurements pointed to a significant reduction in activationdependent cytosolic Ca2+ increase due to defective Ca2+ influx in
ck2bcre/+ platelets upon stimulation with CRP or thrombin. In vitro
thrombus formation on a collagen-coated surface under high arterial
137
shear rates (1700 s1) and thrombotic vascular occlusion in vivo following were significantly diminished in ck2bcre/+ mice. Furthermore
ck2bcre/+ mice are protected against cerebral ischemia when subjected
to MCAO. Ck2bcre/+ mice displayed drastically reduced cerebral
infarct volumes and developed significantly fewer neurological deficits
(grip test, Bederson score) following MCAO while tail bleeding time
was only mild prolonged in ck2bcre/+ mice. Finally, we identified
potential downstream targets of CK2 in platelet activation by phospho-proteomic approaches.
Conclusion: The present observations unravel CK2b as a novel powerful regulator of platelet activation and arterial thrombosis.
OR115
The focal adhesion kinase PYK2 mediates CA2+dependent activation of the SRC family kinases FYN
and LYN in thrombin-stimulated platelets
Canobbio I1, Cipolla L1, Guidetti G1, Manganaro D1, Kim S2,
Okigaki M3, Falasca M4, Kunapuli S2 and Torti M1
1
Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia,
Pavia, Italy; 2Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology and
Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center, Temple University
School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA; 3Department of
Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto,
Japan; 4School of Biomedical Sciences, CHIRI Biosciences, Curtin
University, Perth, Australia
Background: In blood platelets, thrombin stimulates the Ca2+-dependent activation of Src family kinases (SFKs), resulting in the tyrosinephosphorylation of multiple substrates, but the mechanism underlying
this process is still poorly understood.
Aims: We investigated the involvement of the Ca2+-dependent focal
adhesion kinase Pyk2 in SFKs activation by thrombin.
Methods: Thrombin- and Ca2+-ionophore-induced protein tyrosine
phosphorylation was evaluated in platelets from selective knock out
(KO) mice.
Results: We found that the time-dependent protein-tyrosine phosphorylation triggered by thrombin in human or murine platelets was totally
suppressed only upon concomitant chelation of intracellular Ca2+ and
inhibition of SFKs. Thrombin-induced activation of SFKs was regulated by intracellular Ca2+, and accordingly, the Ca2+ ionophore
A23187 was sufficient to stimulate SFKs. A23187 also triggered the
phosphorylation and activation of Pyk2, and Pyk2 activation by
thrombin was Ca2+-dependent. Interestingly, stimulation of SFKs by
thrombin or A23187 was strongly reduced in platelets from Pyk2 KO,
as it was the overall pattern of protein-tyrosine phosphorylation. By
immunoprecipitation experiments, we demonstrate that Lyn and Fyn,
but not Src, were activated by Pyk2. Inhibition of SFKs by PP2 also
reduced the phosphorylation of Pyk2 in thrombin- or A23187-stimulated platelets. Analysis of KO mice demonstrated that Fyn, but not
Lyn, was required for maximal Pyk2 phosphorylation by thrombin.
Finally, PP2 reduced aggregation of murine platelets to a level comparable to that of Pyk2-deficient platelets, but did not have further
effects in the absence of Pyk2.
Conclusion: These results indicate that in thrombin-stimulated platelets, stimulation of Pyk2 by intracellular Ca2+ initiates SFK activation, establishing a positive loop that reinforces the Pyk2/SFK axis
and allows the subsequent massive tyrosine phosphorylation of multiple substrates required for platelet aggregation.
138
ABSTRACTS
Stroke
OR116
CM352, a new antifibrinolytic, reduces hematoma
growth and improves functional recovery in a
collagenase-induced rat model of intracerebral
hemorrhage
Orbe J1, Sobrino T2, Rodriguez JA1, Campos F2, Oyarzabal J3,
Castillo J2 and Paramo JA1,4
1
Atherothrombosis laboratory, Center for Applied Medical
Research CIMA, Pamplona; 2Clinical Neuroscience Research
Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela
IDIS
, Santiago de Compostela; 3Small Molecule Discovery
Platform, Center for Applied Medical Research CIMA;
4
Hematology Service, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona,
Spain
Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is an acute neurological
disorder with high mortality and no effective treatment. In addition to
the initial bleeding event, rebleeding and hematoma expansion are
associated with poor outcome in these patients.
Aims: We have studied the effectiveness of the novel antifibrinolytic
agent CM352, a short half-life (1.4 h) matrix metalloproteinase
(MMP) inhibitor, to achieve early hemostasis and improve functional
outcome in a rat model of collagenase-induced ICH.
Methods: ICH was induced by striatal injection of collagenase and, at
1 h later, rats received an intravenous injection of saline (n = 6) or
CM-352 (1 mg kg1, n = 6). Hematoma (basal, 3 h and 24 h) and
lesion (14 days) volumes were quantified on T2-weighted magnetic resonance images (MRI). In order to estimate functional recovery, neurological deficit was evaluated using Bederson score and motor
impairment was assessed using the cylinder test, quantified by laterality index (basal, 24 h and 14 days).
Results: CM352 was efficient reducing hematoma expansion early at
3 h (310 62 vs 200 86%; P < 0.01) and, more markedly, at 24 h
(305 51 vs 133 63%; P < 0.001). Less bleeding after antifibrinolytic treatment was associated to smaller lesion volume at 14 days
(27.8 4.1 vs 14.4 2.4 mm3; P < 0.001). CM352 drastically
reduced sensorimotor impairment after ICH in rats from 73% to 16%
(P < 0.01) at 24 h, and from 49% to 6% (P < 0.01) at 14 days. Interestingly, it also attenuated neurological deficit at 24 h (71 vs 14%;
P < 0.01) and 14 days (43 vs 0%; P < 0.01).
Conclusion: CM-352, a new antifibrinolytic agent and MMP inhibitor,
effectively prevents hematoma growth and reduces lesion size, associated to better functional and neurological recovery, in a rat model of
collagenase-induced ICH.
OR117
Assessment of the diagnostic value of plasma levels,
activities and their ratios of von Willebrand factor and
ADAMTS13 in patients with cerebral infarction
Zhao Y, Qu L, Jiang M and Ruan C
Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of
Soochow University, Suzhou, China
Background: Cerebrovascular disease (CVD) is a high morbidity and
mortality disease worldwide and cerebral infarction is the most common CVD manifestation. Raised levels of VWF and reduced levels of
ADAMTS13 activity are associated with thrombosis.
Aims: Our aim is to investigate the relationships between plasma levels
of VWF and ADAMTS13, their ratios, and the occurrence of cerebral
infarction.
Methods: Ninety-four cerebral infarction patients and 103 controls

were analyzed. Plasma levels of VWF antigen (VWF:Ag), VWF ristocetin cofactor activity (VWF:Rcof), and VWF collagen binding activity (VWF:CB) were measured by ELISA. ADAMTS13 activity
(ADAMTS13) was measured with FRETS-VWF73.
Results: The levels of VWF:Ag and VWF:Rcof in cerebral infarction
patients (median [IQR], 176% [114% > 293%] and 197%
[105% > 381%]) were significantly higher compared with controls
(105% [61% > 145%] and 100% [60% > 175%], P < 0.001). Levels
of ADAMTS13 and ratios of VWF:CB/VWF:Ag, ADAMTS13/VWF:
Ag and ADAMTS13/VWF:Rcof in patients (109% [80% > 132%],
0.43 [0.280.90], 0.54 [0.320.99] and 0.57 [0.290.91], respectively)
were significantly lower compared with controls (117%
[103% > 146%], 1.13 [0.721.81], 1.23 [0.792.16] and 1.18 [0.71
1.79], P < 0.01, respectively). However, there were no statistical differences between cerebral infarction and controls in VWF:CB, VWF:
Rcof/VWF:Ag or ADAMTS13/VWF:CB. The highest quartile of
VWF:Ag (OR = 5.11, 95% CI, 1.4917.50), VWF:Rcof (OR = 5.04,
95% CI, 1.6215.66), and the lowest quartile of VWF:CB/VWF:Ag
(OR = 5.91, 95% CI, 1.9517.93), ADAMTS13/VWF:Ag (OR = 9.11,
95% CI, 2.4933.33), ADAMTS13/VWF:Rcof (OR = 3.73, 95% CI,
1.3910.03) have been found to have an association with cerebral
infarction.
Conclusion: Our data suggest that the joint analysis of VWF:Ag,
VWF:Rcof, VWF:CB/VWF:Ag, ADAMTS13/VWF:Ag, ADAMTS13/VWF:Rcof are useful to predict the risk of cerebral infarction.
OR118
Is anemia a risk factor for cerebral venous thrombosis?
Coutinho JM1, Zuurbier SM1, Stam J1, Middeldorp S2 and
Cannegieter SC3
1
Neurology; 2Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center,
Amsterdam; 3Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical
Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Background: Anemia is sometimes considered a risk factor for cerebral
venous thrombosis (CVT), but evidence for this assumption is mainly
based on small and uncontrolled studies.
Aims: To determine the association between anemia and CVT.
Methods: Casecontrol study. Cases were adult patients with CVT
included a prospective database of consecutive patients admitted to
the Academic Medical Center from July 2006 to December 2014. Controls were healthy subjects included in the Dutch MEGA study (Multiple Environmental and Genetic Assessment of risk factors for venous
thrombosis). Anemia was defined according to WHO criteria: nonpregnant women Hemoglobin (Hb) < 7.5 mmol L1; pregnant women
Hb < 6.9 mmol L1; men Hb < 8.1 mmol L1. We used logistic
regression analysis to adjust for: age, sex, malignancy, oral contraceptive use, and pregnancy/puerperium.
Results: We included 152 cases and 2916 controls. Four patients with
CVT were excluded because of missing baseline Hb. Patients with
CVT were younger (mean age 40 vs. 48 years), more often female
(74% vs. 53%) and more often had been diagnosed with cancer (9%
vs. 4%) compared to controls. Oral contraceptive use was higher
among cases (70% vs. 21%). Mean Hb concentration was lower in
cases than in controls (8.06 vs. 8.68 mmol L1, P < 0.001). Anemia
was more frequent in cases (41/152, 27.0%) than in controls (189/
2916, 6.5%, P < 0.001). Anemia was associated with CVT, both in
univariate analysis (OR 5.33, 95% CI 3.627.85) and after adjustment
for potential confounders (adjusted OR 4.40, 95% CI 2.826.85). Hb
(as a continuous variable) was inversely associated with CVT (adjusted
OR per 1 mmol L1 change in Hb 0.52, 95% CI 0.410.65). Stratification by sex showed a stronger association between anemia and CVT in
ABSTRACTS
men (adjusted OR 9.92, 95% CI 4.1323.82) than in women (3.52,
95% CI 2.115.86).
Conclusion: Cerebral venous thrombosis is associated with anemia.
Whether this is a causal relation remains to be investigated.
OR119
Risk profiles and 1-year outcomes of patients with
newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation: results from
GARFIELD-AF
Kakkar AK1, Accetta G1, Agnelli G2, Angchaisuksiri P3,
Bassand J-P4, Chiswell K5, Cools F6, Fitzmaurice DA7, Gibbs H8,
Goldhaber SZ9, Goto S10, Haas S11, Jacobson B12, JerjesSanchez C13, Kayani G1, Mantovani LG14, Misselwitz F15, ten
Cate H16, Turpie AG17, van Eickels M15, Verheugt FW18,
Camm J19 and on behalf of GARFIELD-AF Investigators
1
Thrombosis Research Institute, London, UK; 2University of
Perugia School of Medicine, Perugia, Italy; 3Ramathibodi
Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; 4University of
Besancon Franche-Comt
e, Besancon, France; 5Duke Clinical
Research Institute, Durham, USA; 6AZ Klina, Brasschaat, Belgium;
7
University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; 8Alfred Hospital,
Melbourne, Australia; 9Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA;
10
Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan;
11
Technical University, Munich, Germany; 12University of the
Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; 13Clinical Research
of Instituto de Cardiologia y Medicina Vascular, Tecnologico de
a degli Studi di
Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico; 14Universit
Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; 15Bayer HealthCare
Pharmaceuticals, Berlin, Germany; 16Cardiovascular Research
Institute Masstricht, Masstricht, The Netherlands; 17McMaster
University, Hamilton, Canada; 18University Medical Centre,
Nijmegen, The Netherlands; 19St Georges University of London,
London, UK
Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common cardiac
arrhythmia, is associated with a high risk of ischemic stroke, systemic
thromboembolism, heart failure, and mortality.
Aims: To study risk profiles, anticoagulation (AC) control, and 1-year
outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular AF.
Methods: Of 17,168 prospective patients were enrolled in 20102013 in
the GARFIELD-AF global registry. All patients provided written
informed consent. Independent ethics committee and hospital-based
institutional review board approvals were obtained, as necessary, for
the registry protocol. We analyzed 1-year data for baseline characteristics, antithrombotic therapy, and incidence of stroke/systemic embolization (SE), death, and major bleeding.
Results: At diagnosis, 60.8% of patients received AC therapy, 27.4%
antiplatelet therapy alone, and 11.8% no antithrombotic therapy.
Rates of death, stroke/SE, and major bleeding were 4.1, 1.4, and 0.8
per 100 person-years, respectively. The baseline characteristics associated with increased mortality and stroke/SE, respectively, were age
( 75 vs. < 65 year hazard ratio [HR] 4.3, 2.3), prior stroke/transient
ischemic attack (HR 1.6, 1.8), presence of diabetes (HR 1.3, 1.3),
CHA2DS2-VASc score (69 vs. 01 HR 7.4, 4.5), and HAS-BLED
score (39 vs. 01 HR 3.9, 3.1). In patients with CHA2DS2-VASc 2,
poor vitamin K antagonist (VKA) control (time in therapeutic range
< 60%; HR 2.2, 1.9), missing international normalized ratio (HR 3.4,
1.6), and no AC therapy (HR 3.2, 2.4) were associated with a higher
risk of mortality and stroke/SE than patients with adequate VKA control or on a non-VKA AC.
Conclusion: One-year mortality and stroke/SE in newly diagnosed AF
are associated with high CHA2DS2-VASc score, high HAS-BLED
139
score, advanced age, no AC use, poor AC control, prior stroke/transient ischemic attack, and diabetes.
Disclosure of Interest: A. Kakkar Grant/Research Support from: Bayer Healthcare, Boehringer-Ingelheim Pharma, Bristol-Myers-Squibb
Co, Eisai Inc, Pfizer Inc, Sanofi SA, Consultant for: Bayer Healthcare,
Boehringer-Ingelheim Pharma, Bristol-Myers-Squibb Co, Daiichi Sankyo Europe, Eisai Inc, Pfizer Inc, Sanofi SA, G. Accetta: None
declared, G. Agnelli Consultant for: Bayer Healthcare, Boehringer Ingelheim, Pfizer and Bristol-Myers Squibb, P. Angchaisuksiri: None
declared, J.-P. Bassand: None declared, K. Chiswell: None declared,
F. Cools Consultant for: Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, BMS, D. Fitzmaurice Consultant for: Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Sanofi Aventis,
Bristol-Myer Squibb, Daiichi, Janssen, Portola, H. Gibbs Consultant
for: Pfizer, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, S. Goldhaber Grant/
Research Support from: Bristol-Myers Squibb, BTG, Daiichi,
NHLBI, Consultant for: Boehringer-Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb,
Daiichi, Janssen, Portola, S. Goto Grant/Research Support from: Sanofi Aventis, Pfizer, Consultant for: Bristol-Myers Squibb, BristolMyers Squibb/Pfizer, Bayer, Daiichi Sankyo, Sanofi Aventis, Medtronics, Speaker Bureau of: Bristol-Myers Squibb/Pfizer, S. Haas Consultant for: Bayer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Daiichi Sankyo, Pfizer,
Sanofi, Speaker Bureau of: Bayer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, B. Jacobson
Consultant for: Bayer HealthCare, Sanofi Aventis, C. Jerjes-Sanchez
Consultant for: Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Speaker Bureau of: Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, G. Kayani: None declared, L. Mantovani
Grant/Research Support from: Boehringer Ingelheim, Pfizer, BMS,
Daiichi Sankyo, Consultant for: Bayer, F. Misselwitz Employee of:
Bayer HealthCare, H. ten Cate Grant/Research Support from: Bayer,
Boehringer Ingelheim, AstraZeneca, Consultant for: Philips, Speaker
Bureau of: Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, GSK, Leo, Roche, Stago, A.
Turpie Consultant for: Janssen, Bayer Healthcare, Boehringer Ingelheim, Pfizer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Speaker Bureau of: Janssen, Bayer
Healthcare, Boehringer Ingelheim, Pfizer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, M.
van Eickels Employee of: Bayer HealthCare, F. Verheugt Consultant
for: AstraZeneca, Lilly, Daiichi Sankyo, Bayer HealthCare, Boehringer Ingelheim, BMS/Pfizer, J. Camm Consultant for: Bayer, Biotronik,
Boehringer Ingelheim, Boston Scientific, Bristol Myers Squibb, Cardiovascular Therapeutics, ChanRx, Daiichi, Medtronic, Menarini,
Mitsubishi, Novartis, Richmond Pharmacology, Sanofi Aventis, Servier, St Jude Medical, Takeda, Xention, Speaker Bureau of: Pfizer.
OR120
Red cell distribution width is associated with future
risk of incident stroke: the Troms Study
Lappegard J1, Ellingsen TS1, Skjelbakken T2, Mathiesen E1,
Njlstad I1, Wilsgaard T3, Brox J1, Brkkan S1 and Hansen J-B1
1
Norway, K. G. Jebsen Thrombosis Research and Expertise
Center (Trec); 2Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital
of North Norway; 3Department of Community Medicine, UiT The
Arctic University of Norway, Troms, Norway
Background: Red cell distribution width (RDW), an easy measure of
variability in size of circulating erythrocytes, is associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, the association between
RDW and stroke has never been explored in a general population.
Aims: To investigate whether RDW was associated with incident
stroke and case fatality in a large prospective cohort with subjects
recruited from the general population.
Methods: Baseline characteristics, including RDW, were obtained
from 25,992 subjects participating in the Troms Study. Incident
stroke was registered from inclusion (1994/95) until December 31st
2010. Cox regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR)
with 95% Confidence Intervals (95% CI) for stroke, adjusted for age,
sex, body mass index, smoking, hemoglobin level, white blood cell
140
ABSTRACTS
count, thrombocyte count, hypertension, total cholesterol, triglycerides, self-reported diabetes, and red blood cell count. The study was
approved by the regional ethical committee, and informed written consent was obtained from all participants.
Results: There was 1152 participants that experienced a first-ever
stroke during a median follow-up of 15.8 years. A 1% increment in
RDW yielded a 13% higher risk of stroke (multivariable HR: 1.13,
95% CI: 1.071.20). Subjects with RDW in the highest quintile
(RDW > 14.3%) compared to the lowest (RDW 10.712.3%) had a
37% higher risk of stroke in multivariable analysis (HR: 1.37, 95% CI:
1.111.69). Subjects with RDW above the 95-percentile had 55%
higher risk of stroke compared to those in the lowest quintile (HR:
1.55, 95% CI: 1.162.06). All risk estimates remained unchanged after
exclusion of subjects with anemia (n = 1102). RDW was not associated
with increased risk of death within one year or during the entire follow-up after an incident stroke.
Conclusion: RDW is associated with incident stroke in a general population, independent of anemia and traditional atherosclerotic risk factors.
Innate and Acquired Immunity

OR121
Neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation in
patients with post-burn sepsis
Dinsdale RJ1,2, Hampson P1,2, Wearn C1,2, Hazeldine J2, Brill A3,
Lord J1,2, Moiemen N1 and Harrison P1,2
1
Healing Foundation Centre for Burns Research, Queen Elizabeth
Hospital Birmingham, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS
Foundation Trust; 2Centre for Translational Inflammation
Research; 3Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Institute of
Biomedical Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences,
University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
Background: Major thermal injury results in immune dysfunction
increasing the risk of infection and sepsis. Central to host defence and
innate immunity are neutrophils. An emerging concept in neutrophil
biology is neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETosis is the extrusion of nuclear material to the exterior of the cell resulting in a network
of fibres that ensnare bacteria. NETosis results in post translational
modifications of multiple proteins which are potential novel biomarkers
of the onset of infection e.g. citrullinated histone H3 (Cit H3).
Aims: As NETosis is important both in infection and sepsis we hypothesized that NETs are involved in either the host immune response to
burn injury and/or during the pathogenesis of sepsis.
Methods: Blood samples were routinely collected from 39 patients with
burn injury (day 112 months following injury). Sepsis was defined as
an American Burns Association Sepsis Score 3 with evidence of
microbiological infection. Plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) levels were
analysed using a Sytox Green fluorometric assay. Cit H3 was analysed by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting in plasma samples (n = 15).
Results: Septic patients (n = 19) have elevated cfDNA levels
(P < 0.0001) during septic episodes compared to healthy controls
(n = 10). Maximal change in cfDNA levels from baseline were significantly elevated in septic patients (P < 0.0001, n = 19, median change
in DNA 809.28 ng mL1) compared to non-septic patients (n = 20,
median change 45.94 ng mL1). Cit H3 was detectable in septic
patients plasma corresponding with elevated cfDNA levels thus confirming NETosis. Cit H3 was absent from non-septic patients and
healthy controls. Preliminary data suggests that isolated neutrophils
from septic patients (n = 5) have reduced ex vivo NET generation compared to neutrophils from healthy controls.
Conclusion: NETosis occurs following human thermal injury and elevated levels of cfDNA are associated with septic episodes. Addition-
ally, sepsis results in neutrophil dysfunction resulting in reduced

ex vivo NET generation.
OR122
Compared to B220/CD45R+ B lymphocytes, splenic
dendritic cells and macrophages have limited
propensity to bind factor VIII and demonstrate downregulation of co-stimulatory molecules
Lai J1, Cartier D1, van Velzen A2, Hough C1 and Lillicrap D1
1
Pathology & Molecular Medicine, Queens University, Kingston,
Canada; 2Pediatric Hematology, Emma Childrens Hospital,
Background: Hemophilia A treatment is severely complicated in 25
30% of patients by the formation of neutralizing antibodies against
infused factor VIII (FVIII). The fate and cellular interactions of FVIII
remain unclear. A previous study identified that FVIII accumulates in
the marginal zone of the spleen, a region abundant in professional
antigen-presenting cells (APCs).
Aims: To assess the binding and maturation of splenic antigen presenting cells in response to FVIII.
Methods: Hemophilia A C57Bl/6 mice were intravenously infused with
30 IU recombinant human FVIII (FVIII). Splenic co-stimulatory molecule expression was assessed by flow cytometry. To assess binding,
nave splenocytes were cultured in the presence of 1 IU mL1 FVIII
for 1 h and labeled for flow cytometry.
Results: In a mouse with a near 100% inhibitor risk, the percentage of
CD11c+ myeloid dendritic cells (DCs) expressing co-stimulatory molecules CD40, CD80, and CD86 were shown to decrease by 2.6%, 3.3%,
and 3.6% respectively (P = 0.01, 0.06, 0.02, n = 3) 48 h following
FVIII infusion. Similarly, we observed a 6.4%, 7.2% and 7.3%
decrease in CD40, CD80, and CD86 respectively (P = 0.01, 0.01, 0.02,
n = 3) in CD11b+ macrophages and monocytes. Cell association
assays indicated that approximately 5% of splenic lymphocytes bind
FVIII in vitro (n = 3). DCs and macrophages showed limited binding
capacity for FVIII, with only 2.1% and 2.8% co-localization with
FVIII respectively. More intriguingly, we detected substantial co-localization of FVIII with B220 + cells (4.5%).
Conclusion: Decreases in maturation and co-stimulatory molecules, as
well as minimal FVIII binding suggest that DCs and macrophages do
not contribute to the initiation of the anti-FVIII immune response. In
contrast, significant levels of FVIII co-localization with B220 + cells
suggests that this population, predominantly splenic B cells, may play
a significant role in FVIII processing and immunity.
Disclosure of Interest: J. Lai: None declared, D. Cartier: None
declared, A. van Velzen: None declared, C. Hough Grant/Research
Support from: Bayer, D. Lillicrap Grant/Research Support from: Bayer, Biogen-Idec, Baxter and Octapharma.
OR123
Mitochondrial DNA and toll-like receptor 9 are
associated with mortality in critically ill patients
Ruhittel S1, Krychtiuk K1, Hohensinner PJ1, Koller L1, Kaun C1,
Lenz M1, Bauer B1, Wutzelhofer L1, Draxler DF1, Maurer G1,
Huber K2, Wojta J1, Heinz G1, Niessner A1 and Speidl WS1
1
Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of
Vienna; 2Wilhelminenhospital, Vienna, Austria
Background: Despite underlying pathologies leading to ICU admittance are heterogeneous, many patients develop a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) often in the absence of microbial
ABSTRACTS
pathogens. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) showing similarities to bacterial DNA, may be released after tissue damage activating the innate
immune system by binding to toll-like receptor- (TLR)-9 on immune
cells.
Aims: The aim of this study was to analyze whether levels of mtDNA
are associated with 30-day survival and whether this predictive value is
modified by TLR-9 expression.
Methods: In this single-center, prospective, observational trial, 228
consecutive patients admitted to a medical ICU at a tertiary care center were enrolled. Blood was taken within 24 h after ICU admission
and levels of circulating mtDNA were quantified by rtPCR and TLR9 expression on monocytes was measured by FACS.
Results: Median APACHE II was 20 (1325) and 30-day mortality
was 25%. Median mtDNA levels at admission were significantly
higher in non-survivors as compared to survivors (26.9 IQR 11.2
60.6 ng mL1 vs. 19.7 IQR 9.534.8 ng mL1, P < 0.05). Patients
with plasma levels of mtDNA in the highest quartile
(mtDNA > 38.2 ng mL1) had a 2.6-fold higher risk (P < 0.001) of
dying, independently of age, gender, diagnosis and APACHE II score.
mtDNA improved the c-statistic of APACHE II (P < 0.05) and
showed enhancement in individual risk prediction indicated by a net
reclassification improvement of 32.3% (P < 0.05). Stratification of
patients according to TLR-9 expression above/below median demonstrated that only patients with high expression of TLR-9 showed an
increased risk associated with increased mtDNA levels (OR 2.7;
P < 0.01) whereas circulating mtDNA was not associated with mortality in patients with low TLR-9 expression (OR 1.1; P = 0.98).
Conclusion: Circulating levels of mtDNA at ICU admission predict
mortality in critically ill patients. This association was in particular
present in patients with elevated TLR-9 expression.
OR124
AKI development upon SIRS is associated with platelet
activation, possibly triggered by mitochondrial DNA
derived from damaged cells
Jansen MPB1, Pulskens WP1, Butter LM1, Claessen N1, Emal D1,
Florquin S1, Juffermans NP2, Roelofs JJTH1 and Leemans JC1
1
Pathology; 2Intensive care medicine, Academic Medical Center,
Background: Multiple inflammatory pathways are activated by noninfectious agents during systemic inflammatory response syndrome
(SIRS) leading to collateral damage, including the development of
acute kidney injury (AKI). Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) of
the innate immune system sense Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs) leading to an immune response. Components of mitochondria e.g. unmethylated CpG-enriched mitochondrial DNA
(mtDNA) that leak upon cell injury, are a source of DAMP. Platelets
express several PRRs and play an important role in innate immunity.
To date, it is unclear which intrinsic factors trigger the onset of SIRS
and associated AKI.
Aims: We investigated the role of mtDNA during systemic inflammation and AKI and the role of platelets herein.
Methods: Human platelets were stimulated with mitochondrial DNA,
genomic DNA or unmethylated CpG-enriched oligonucleotides (CpG
ODN). Platelet activation was measured with FACS. In a single centre
prospective observational study we included 37 patients diagnosed and
classified for the onset of SIRS with or without the development of
AKI that were admitted to the ICU. As a control we included (n = 25)
patients after elective major surgery without a diagnosis of either SIRS
or AKI. Blood and urine samples were isolated and processed. Free
circulating plasma and urinary mtDNA was determined by RT-PCR.
Inflammatory mediators and PF4 in urine were measured using specific ELISA.
141
Results: Mitochondrial DNA, but not genomic DNA triggered platelet

activation. Unmethylated CpG ODN, dose dependently stimulated
platelet activation. Compared to ICU-controls, critically ill patients
with SIRS demonstrated elevated levels of plasma and urinary
mtDNA and proinflammatory cytokines. Compared to SIRS patients
without AKI, the patients with AKI displayed elevated levels of urinary PF4 indicative of platelet activation.
Conclusion: The development of AKI in critically ill patients is associated with platelet activation, possibly triggered by mitochondrial
DNA.
OR125
Diphosphorylated lipid A triggers tissue factor mRNA
splicing in human platelets
Krauel K, Thorack U, Schumacher A and Schwertz H
r Immunologie und Transfusionsmedizin,
Institut fu
Universit
atsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
Background: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a known agonist for platelet
messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) splicing such as processing of tissue factor (TF) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) pre-mRNA. However, it is
uncertain which molecular component of LPS might be important in
inducing splicing processes.
Aims: Investigating which structural LPS component is critical for
platelet mRNA splicing.
Methods: Isolated and CD45-depleted platelets were treated with LPS,
its derivatives lipid A di- and monophosphate or 3-deoxy-D-manno-2octulosonic acid (KDO). As a control, platelets were incubated with
PBS or dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) as vehicle. In addition, platelet
mRNA processing was analyzed at baseline in quiescent platelets.
Platelet RNA was isolated, converted into cDNA, and mRNA splicing
of TF and IL-1 was assessed using PCR and subsequent separation
by agarose gel electrophoresis.
Results: LPS and lipid A diphosphate but not lipid A monophosphate
or KDO triggered efficient mRNA splicing. Whereas TF mRNA was
not processed at baseline and was not or only slightly spliced after
incubation with PBS or DMSO, expression of spliced IL-1 mRNA
was already detectable without any further treatment.
Conclusion: Platelets seem to be more susceptible in processing IL-1
mRNA as compared to TF mRNA splicing. Analyzing TF mRNA
splicing provides an appropriate tool to investigate which LPS component mediates platelet mRNA splicing. The diphosphorylated lipid A
moiety of LPS is sufficient to trigger splicing processes. In summary,
this study supports the role of platelets in bridging innate immunity
and thrombosis.
Cancer and thrombosis clinical I

OR126
Risk of cardiovascular events associated with BCR-ABL
TKIs: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Douxfils J1, Haguet H1, Mullier F2, Chatelain C3, Graux C3 and
Dogn
e J-M4
1
Pharmacy, University of Namur, Courri
ere; 2Hematology
3
laboratory; Hematology, CHU Dinant Godinne UcL Namur;
4
Pharmacy, University of Namur, Yvoir, Belgium
Background: Clinical trials have demonstrated a high incidence of vascular occlusive events associated with the use of ponatinib. Peripheral
arterial occlusive events were also reported with nilotinib. To date, no
142
ABSTRACTS
vascular safety signals were found with imatinib, dasatinib and bosutinib.
Aims: To assess the link between tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and
vascular occlusive events to recommend, if needed, risk minimization
measures concerning their use.
Methods: Studies were selected by two independent reviewers from the
PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane Library databases. Selected studies
include all randomized controlled trials (RCTs), whatever the disease,
comparing a BCR-ABL TKI vs. the reference therapy. Two investigators independently extracted data on study design, patient characteristics, primary efficacy endpoints, overall survival and vascular occlusive
events. The meta-analysis was performed using both the random-effect
and the fixed-effect model. Odd ratios with 95% confidence intervals
were computed.
Results: Seventeen RCTs were selected for the meta-analysis. Risk of
vascular occlusive events was increased with nilotinib (ORPETO: 3.51;
95% CI 2.095.89) and ponatinib (ORPETO: 3.47; 95% CI: 1.23
9.78) compared to imatinib in patients with Ph+ chronic myeloid leukemia. No significant difference was found with bosutinib (ORPETO:
7.48; 95% CI: 0.15376.94) and dasatinib (ORPETO: 2.65; 95% CI
0.888.03) compared to imatinib. Novel generation TKIs increased the
rate of major molecular response at 1 year compared to imatinib in
the treatment of Ph+ chronic myeloid leukemia. However, there was
no statistical difference in term of overall survival at 1 year.
Conclusion: Nilotinib and ponatinib increase the risk of vascular occlusive events. Risk minimizations should be proposed for these two compounds. Novel generation TKIs improve major molecular response at
one year but not the overall survival.
Protocol registration number: PROSPERO 2014:CRD42014014147
OR127
Differences in venous thromboembolic events in
subjects enrolled in standard phase I clinical trials and
those on phase I hepatic dysfunction clinical trials
Mansfield A1, Tafur AJ2, Vulih D3, Smith GL4, Harris PJ5 and Percy
Ivy S5
1
Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester; 2Vascular Medicine,
OUHSC, Oklahoma City; 3Theradex, Princeton; 4Clinical Trials
Monitoring Branch, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program;
5
Investigational Drug Branch, Cancer Therapy Evaluation
Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, USA
Background: Venous thromboembolic events (VTEs) are a significant
cause of death in patients with cancer and they significantly reduce
short-term prognosis. The incidence of VTEs is not well characterized
in patients in early phase clinical trials of novel antineoplastic agents
or in hepatic dysfunction studies test escalating doses of antineoplastic
agents in patients with varying degrees of hepatic abnormalities.
Patients with hepatic dysfunction may have limited ability to synthesize coagulation factors and accordingly may experience fewer VTEs.
Aims: We sought to evaluate the incidence of VTEs in phase I clinical
trials and hepatic dysfunction trials sponsored by the National Cancer
Institute of the United States.
Methods: We reviewed the records of 1896 subjects: 1359 subjects
enrolled on 42 separate phase I clinical trials, and 537 subjects enrolled
on 9 separate hepatic dysfunction clinical trials. Symptomatic VTEs
that were diagnosed while on study were abstracted and compared
between the groups using a two-sided Fishers exact test. The Common
Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events was used to report severity
of VTEs.
Results: There were 43 VTEs identified amongst the 1896 subjects
(2.3%). There were significantly more VTEs in the subjects on phase I
clinical trials (n = 38, 2.8%) than in the subjects on hepatic dysfunction studies (n = 5, 0.9%; P = 0.015). For subjects on phase I clinical
trials, VTEs usually occurred on the second cycle (median) of treatment [interquartile range (IQR) 14], were grade 3 (median; IQR 34)
in severity, and were associated with the final cycle 42% of the time.
For subjects on hepatic dysfunction studies, VTEs usually occurred on
the second cycle of treatment (median; IQR 15), were grade 3 (median, IQR 23) in severity, and were associated with the final cycle 60%
of the time.
Conclusion: VTEs are less common in patients on hepatic dysfunction
studies than those on standard phase I clinical trials.
OR128
Risk factors for incident venous thromboembolism in
active cancer patients: a population based casecontrol
study
Ashrani AA1, Gullerud RE2, Petterson TM2, Marks RS3, Bailey KR2
and Heit JA1
1
Internal Medicine; 2Health Sciences Research; 3Oncology, Mayo
Clinic, Rochester, USA
Background: Independent risk factors for cancer-associated incident
venous thromboembolism (VTE) are uncertain.
Aims: To identify non-cancer and cancer-specific risk factors for cancer-associated incident VTE.
Methods: Using Rochester Epidemiology Project resources, we identified all Olmsted County, MN residents with active cancer identified
between 1973 and 2000 who had objectively diagnosed incident VTE,
excluding arm DVT (cases; n = 570), and matched controls on age,
sex, duration of active cancer, date of and duration cancer (n = 604).
We reviewed their complete medical records for non-cancer baseline
characteristics previously identified as independent VTE risk factors
and cancer-specific characteristics. Using conditional logistic regression, we tested non-cancer and cancer-specific variables, including the
effect of cancer site on VTE using a previously-published score, for
association with VTE.
Results: Compared to controls, VTE cases had a higher cancer site
score, cancer grade, stage and liver metastasis prevalence, more often
received chemotherapy, radiation therapy and progesterone, were hospitalized, underwent surgery or received anesthesia more frequently,
and had a higher prevalence of neurological disease, renal disease,
autoimmune connective tissue disease, immobilization, trauma/fracture, pacemaker/central venous catheter (CVC), prior superficial vein
thrombosis, and infection. On multivariate analysis, higher cancer site
score (OR = 1.4 per 2-fold increase), higher cancer stage (OR = 2.1),
liver metastasis (OR = 2.6), stage progression (OR = 1.6) and chemotherapy (OR = 1.7) were independently associated with VTE, as were
hospitalization (OR = 7.2), nursing home confinement (OR = 6.7),
CVC (OR = 6.3) and any recent infection (OR = 1.6).
Conclusion: Cancer site, advanced cancer stage, liver metastasis, stage
progression, chemotherapy, hospitalization/nursing home confinement, CVC, and infection are independent risk factors for incident
VTE in cancer patients.
ABSTRACTS
143
OR129
Cohort profile: the Scandinavian Thrombosis and
Cancer (STAC) Study
OR130
Prediction of venous thromboembolism in lung cancer
patients receiving chemotherapy
Jensvoll H1,2, Severinsen MT3,4, Hammerstrm J5, Brkkan SK1,2,

Kristensen SR4,6, Cannegieter SC7, Blix K1,2, Tjnneland A8,
Rosendaal FR7, Dziewiecka O1, Overvad K9,10, Nss IA11 and
Hansen J-B1,2
1
K.G. Jebsen Thrombosis Research and Expertise Center (TREC),
Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Artic University of
Norway; 2Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of
North Norway, Troms, Norway; 3Department of Hematology,
Aalborg University Hospital; 4Department of Clinical Medicine,
Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark; 5Department of Cancer
Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of
Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; 6Department of
Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg,
Denmark; 7Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden
University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; 8Diet,
Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center,
Copenhagen; 9Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University
Hospital, Aalborg; 10Department of Public Health, Section for
Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark;
11
Department of Hematology, Trondheim University Hospital,
Trondheim, Norway
Noble S1, Robbins A2, Alikhan R3, Hood K4 and Macbeth F1

1
Oncology; 2School of Medicine, Cardiff University;
3
Haematology, Cardiff and the Vale UHB; 4South East Wales
Trials Unit, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common complication in cancer patients, and further knowledge about high-risk patients
who may benefit from thromboprophylaxis is needed. We have established the prospective Scandinavian Thrombosis and Cancer (STAC)
Study by merging individual data from three large Scandinavian
cohorts (The Troms Study, the HUNT Study and the Danish Diet,
Cancer and Health Study).
Aims: To explore the cohort profile of the STAC Study, provide agespecific incidence rates of cancer and VTE and compare the cancer
incidence rates with national figures.
Methods: The STAC Study includes 14,4952 subjects aged 19
101 years without previous cancer or VTE. Baseline information
including physical examination, self-administered questionnaires and
blood samples was collected in 19931997, and cancer and VTE were
registered up to 20072012. Cancer information was obtained from
complete national cancer registries. Only objectively confirmed symptomatic VTEs were included. Regional committees of research ethics
approved the study, and participants gave their informed written consent.
Results: In total, 19,757 subjects developed cancer during follow-up
(9.76 per 1000 person-years), and the 5-year age-specific incidence
rates of cancer were comparable with corresponding rates from the
Norwegian Cancer Registry. There were 2444 VTE events (1.45 per
1000 person-years) during follow-up, and the incidence rate increased
from 0.28 per 1000 person-years in subjects aged 2029 years to 6.44
per 1000 person-years in subjects aged 80+. Overall, 51% of the VTE
events were provoked, and cancer was the most common provoking
factor (19%), followed by immobilization and surgery (both 15%).
Conclusion: The STAC Study is a large cohort with validated events of
cancer and VTE and with age-specific incidence rates similar to
national figures. Future studies will provide a unique opportunity to
explore genetic and environmental risk factors for cancer-related VTE
in the general population.
Background: There is a clear association between cancer and venous

thromboembolism (VTE). However, primary thromboprophylaxis is
challenging as VTE risk varies with type of cancer, patient co-morbidity, and chemotherapy; and in some patients may do more harm than
good. The Khorana VTE risk score has been validated for use in a heterogeneous cancer population but has not been evaluated in a single
cancer primary.
Aims: To evaluate the utility of the Khorana score in predicting the
risk of developing VTE in lung cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.
Methods: Patients with primary non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) within 6 weeks of diagnosis and
prior to commencing anticancer treatment were enrolled in the
FRAGMATIC study. Patients were randomised in a 1:1 fashion to
active thromboprophylaxis (dalteparin 5000 IU daily, 24 weeks) or no
thromboprophylaxis (control group). All patients were risk assessed
using the Khorana score and evaluated against VTE outcome data.
Results: The control group was comprised of 910 lung cancer patients
that received chemotherapy. Mean age 65% and 60% were male.
Eighty-five percent of patients had an ECOG performance status of 0
1. Of the NSCLC patients 94% were stage III and IV and 64% of
SCLC had limited disease. A total of 108/910 (11.9%) lung cancer
patients receiving chemotherapy developed VTE during the 52 week
study period. The rate of VTE for Khorana risk score 1, 2, 3 and 4
were 44/342 (12.9%), 35/322 (10.9%), 26/225 (11.6%) and 3/21
(14.3%) respectively.
Conclusion: In a large population of lung cancer patients receiving chemotherapy, the current components of the Khorana score are unable
to discriminate between patients at high and low risk of VTE. There is
a need to further develop cancer specific thrombosis risk assessment
tools to help guide targeted thromboprophylaxis.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Noble Grant/Research Support from: Pfizer,
Leo Pharma, Consultant for: Pfizer, BMS, Leo Pharma, Boheringer
Ingelheim, A. Robbins: None declared, R. Alikhan Consultant for:
Pfizer, BMS, Leo Pharma, Boheringer Ingelheim, K. Hood: None
declared, F. Macbeth: None declared.
epidemiology II
OR131
Risk of venous thrombosis in individuals using vitamin
supplements: a casecontrol study
Vuckovic B1, van Rein N2, Cannegieter S3, Rosendaal F3 and
Lijfering W3
1
Department of Thrombosis, Haemostasis and Hematology
Diagnostics, Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia;
2
Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine;
3
Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical
Background: Whether vitamin supplements decrease venous thrombosis risk is controversial. Previous reports did not all take confounding
fully into account, either by randomization or extensive adjustment.
Aims: The aim of our study was to determine whether vitamin supplementation decreases the risk of venous thrombosis.
144
ABSTRACTS
Methods: A large casecontrol study included 2506 patients with

venous thrombosis, 2506 partner controls and 2684 random digit dialing controls (RDD). When patients were compared with RDD controls, unconditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds
ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). When patients were
compared with partner controls, conditional logistic regression was
used, providing further adjustment for unmeasured confounding.
Results: Vitamin use yielded a 37% lower risk of venous thrombosis
than no vitamin use (OR 0.63; 95% CI 0.57,0.70), when comparing
patients with RDD controls. Adjustment for several putative confounders did not change the estimate (OR 0.68; 95% CI 0.61, 0.77).
The fully adjusted ORs for vitamin A, vitamin B-6, vitamin B-12, folic
acid, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, and multivitamin use were in
the same range. However, when patients were compared with partner
controls, ORs attenuated to unity. Results were similar for provoked
and unprovoked events, and for deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary
embolism.
Conclusion: After extensive adjustments, vitamin supplementation was
no longer associated with a decreased risk of venous thrombosis in this
study. Previous positive results may have been spurious due to uncontrolled confounding.
Disclosure of Interest: B. Vuckovic Grant/Research Support from: Dr
Biljana Vuckovic was supported by ISTH Reach the World Fellowship for year 2013., N. van Rein: None declared, S. Cannegieter: None
declared, F. Rosendaal: None declared, W. Lijfering: None declared.
OR132
The incidence of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary
hypertension and the predictive value of residual
arterial pulmonary obstruction: results from a large,
multicentre, prospective cohort study
Pesavento R1, Filippi L1, Palla A2, Frigo A3, Vison
a A4, Bova C5,
Cuppini S6, Porro F7, Villalta S8, Ciammaichella MM9,
Bucherini E10, Nante G11, Battistelli S12, Beltramello G13,
Prisco D14, Prandoni P3 and on behalf of SCOPE Investigators
group
1
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Padua, Padova;
2
University of Pisa, Pisa; 3Department of Cardiothoracic and
Vascular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua; 4Civic Hospital,
Castelfranco Veneto; 5Department of Internal Medicine,
University of Cosenza, Cosenza; 6Civic Hospital, Rovigo; 7IRCSS
Ca Granda Maggiore Hospital, Milan; 8Civic Hospital, Treviso;
9
San Giovanni Hospital, Rome; 10Civic Hospital, Faenza;
11
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Padua, Padua;
12
Department of Surgery, University of Siena, Siena; 13Civic
Hospital, Bassano del Grappa; 14University of Florence, Florence,
Italy
Background: The true incidence of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) after an acute episode of pulmonary
embolism (PE) is still not well known. A high 3.8% incidence was
observed in a previous cohort study. Whether residual arterial pulmonary obstruction (RPO) increases the risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) and CTEPH is unknown.
Aims: To determine the risk of recurrent VTE and CTEPH over a 3year follow-up in a wide cohort of PE patients.
Methods: In a nationwide, multicentre, prospective cohort study, consecutive patients with first, objectively confirmed acute PE were prospectively followed for up to 3 years. Patients with severe
cardiopulmonary diseases, low expected survival or refusal to provide
informed consent were excluded. A perfusional lung scan was performed after 6 months and an echocardiogram was performed after
6 week and 6 months. RPO was assessed using a residual perfusion
defects index. Recurrent VTE and CTEPH were assessed locally and
an independent central adjudication will follow.
Results: Six hundred and fivety-two out of 706 pts enrolled in the study
were followed for 3 years and received a lung scan at 6 months. The
duration of anticoagulant therapy was 20.8 12.8 months. Pulmonary perfusion defects were found in 326 patients (50%). Recurrent
VTE developed in 49 patients (7.5%), 32 (9.8%) in the group with
RPO and 17 (5.2%) in that without RPO (P = 0.0259). The value for
CTEPH was 10 (1.5%), all belonging to the group with RPO (3.1%) (
P = 0.0014).
Conclusion: The incidence of CTEPH after first acute PE is lower than
that observed in previous studies. RPO, as assessed by lung scan
6 months after an episode of PE, is a predictor of CTEPH and recurrent VTE.
OR133
Cross-sectional associations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D
with hemostatic and inflammatory biomarkers in the
Multi-Ethnic Study of atherosclerosis
Blondon M1, Cushman M2, Jenny N2, Michos E3, Smith N4,
Kestenbaum B4 and de Boer I4
1
Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland; 2Medicine
University of Vermont, Colchester; 3Johns Hopkins Medicine,
Baltimore; 4University of Washington, Seattle, USA
Background: Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with the risk of
arterial cardiovascular disease (CVD) and venous thrombosis (VT).
Aims: As mechanisms may include an influence of vitamin D on hemostasis and inflammation, we hypothesized that serum concentrations
of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) would be associated with biomarkers of both.
Methods: In the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, 9 hemostatic
biomarkers (D-dimer, fibrinogen, factor VIII, Plasmin-antiplasmin
[n = 6443]; von Willebrand factor, soluble tissue factor, PAI-1, total
TFPI and soluble thrombomodulin [n = 814]) and 3 inflammatory biomarkers (IL-6, CRP [n = 6443]; TNF-alpha soluble receptor
[n = 3802]) were measured among U.S. adults free of CVD. We estimated cross-sectional associations of 25-OHD with log-transformed
biomarker concentrations using linear regression, adjusting for age,
race/ethnicity, site, education, income, physical activity, BMI, waist
circumference, diabetes, renal function, use of statin, hormone therapy
and aspirin.
Results: Our sample comprised 6443 subjects (46.6% men, mean age
and BMI of 62.1 years and 28.3 kg m2), of White (37.8%), Black
(27.2%), Asian (12.2%) or Hispanic (21.8%) race/ethnicity. Mean 25OHD levels were 25.3 ng mL1 (SD 10.9). After adjustment, 25-OHD
was strongly associated with IL-6 and marginally with PAI-1 and
TFPI [per 10 ng mL1 decrement in 25-OHD: increment of 5.1% of
IL-6 (95% CI 3.46.9, P < 0.001); increment of 7.0% of PAI-1 (95%
CI 0.913.6, P = 0.025); increment of 2.1% of TFPI (95% CI 0.04.2,
P = 0.047)], without racial/ethnic effect modification. No associations
were observed for other hemostatic and inflammatory biomarkers.
Conclusion: Our findings do not suggest a meaningful influence of 25OHD deficiency on hemostasis, apart from a possible inhibition of
fibrinolysis as reflected by increased PAI-1 levels. Increased inflammation through IL-6 levels may represent a mechanism linking vitamin D
deficiency to greater risks of arterial CVD and possibly VT.
ABSTRACTS
145
OR134
Unprovoked deep vein thrombosis is associated with
future risk of disability pension
OR135
Sex difference in the risk of venous thrombosis: a
detailed analysis in four European cohorts
Braekkan S1,2, Grosse S3, Okoroh EM4, Tsai J4, Cannegieter SC5,
Naess IA6, Krokstad S7, Hansen J-B1,2 and Skjeldestad F-E8
1
Thrombosis Research and Expertise Center (TREC), Department
of Clinical Medicine, Uit The Arctic University of Norway;
2
Norway, Troms, Norway; 3National Center on Birth Defects and
Developmental Disabilities; 4National Center for Chronic Disease
Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention, Atlanta, USA; 5Department of Clinical
Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The
Netherlands; 6Department of Hematology, Trondheim University
Hospital, Trondheim; 7HUNT Research Centre, Department of
Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of
Science and Technology, Levanger; 8Research Group
Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, Department of Community
Medicine, Uit The Arctic University of Norway, Troms,
Norway
Roach R1, Lijfering W1, Tait RC2, Baglin T3, Kyrle P4,
Cannegieter S1 and Rosendaal F1
1
Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; 2Department of Haematology,
Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow; 3Department of
Haematology, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, UK;
4
Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna,
Vienna, Austria
Background: The burden of venous thromboembolism (VTE) related

to permanent work-related disability has never been assessed among a
general population.
Aims: To estimate the risk of work-related disability in subjects with
incident VTE compared with those without VTE in a cohort recruited
from the general population.
Methods: From the Troms Study and the Nord-Trndelag Health
Study (HUNT), Norway, 66 005 individuals aged 2065 years were
enrolled in 19941997 and followed to December 31, 2008. Incident
VTE events among the study participants were identified and validated, and information on work-related disability was obtained from
the Norwegian National Insurance Administration database. Coxregression models using age as time-scale and VTE as a time-varying
variable were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) adjusted for age, sex, BMI, smoking, education
level, marital status, history of cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease
and self-rated general health.
Results: During follow-up, 384 subjects had a first VTE and 9862 participants were granted disability pension. The crude incidence rate of
work-related disability after VTE was 37.5 (95% CI: 29.747.3) per
1000 person-years, vs. 13.5 (13.213.7) per 1000 person-years among
those without VTE. Subjects with unprovoked VTE had a 52% higher
risk of work-related disability than those without VTE (HR 1.52, 95%
CI 1.092.14), after multivariable adjustment; the association
appeared to be driven by deep vein thrombosis.
Conclusion: VTE was associated with subsequent work-related disability in a cohort recruited from the general working-age population. Our
findings suggest that indirect costs due to loss of work time may add
to the economic burden of VTE.
Background: Previous analyses reported a higher risk of recurrent

venous thrombosis in men than in women.
Aims: We aimed to assess the recurrence risk in men compared with
women whilst taking female reproductive risk factors (i.e. oral contraception, postmenopausal hormone therapy and pregnancy) into
account. In addition, we hypothesized that the sex-difference in venous
thrombosis risk was related to F9 Malm
o: an X-linked prothrombotic
factor.
Methods: In four pooled European cohort studies (the AUREC study,
Vienna, Austria; CVTE study, Cambridge, United Kingdom; CARROT study, Glasgow, United Kingdom; and LETS follow-up study,
Leiden, the Netherlands), the risk of recurrent venous thrombosis was
calculated in men, women with reproductive risk factors and women
without reproductive risk factors at the time of their first venous
thrombosis. F9 Malm
o was genotyped, and carriers and non-carriers
contrasted.
Results: A total of 2185 patients with a first venous thrombosis, 1043
men and 1142 women, were included in this study. Overall, men had a
2.8-fold (95% CI, 2.23.4) higher risk of recurrent venous thrombosis
than women. This risk was 5.2-fold (95% CI, 3.57.7) higher in men
than in women with reproductive risk factors, and 2.3-fold (95% CI,
1.73.2) higher in men than in women without reproductive risk factors. No difference in recurrence risk was found for carriers vs. noncarriers of F9 Malm
o.
Conclusion: In this study of four European cohorts, men experienced a
recurrent venous thrombosis twice as often as women without reproductive risk factors. These findings indicate that men have a higher
intrinsic risk of venous thrombosis than women which is partly
masked by female reproductive risk factors. The sex difference cannot
be explained by the X-linked prothrombotic factor, F9 Malm
o.
Immune thrombocytopenia basic

OR136
The defective IL-21/IL-21R pathway in the B
lymphocytes of patients with immune
thrombocytopenia
Zhang D, Wenjie L, Huiyuan L, Xian Z, Feng X and Renchi Y
China
Background: Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease accompanied by skewed T1 polarization and auto-reactive B lymphocytes. IL-21 can regulate the activation, proliferation
and differentiation of human B cell and immunoglobulin production
as well as isotype switching of plasma cell.
Aims: This study aimed to investigate the role of IL-21/IL-21R pathway played in ITP.
146
ABSTRACTS
Methods: Serum IL-21 concentrations were measured by ELISA. The

percentages of IL-21R and activation-associated surface markers
(CD25 and CD69) expression on B cells, and the frequency of circulating IL-21 producing T-cells in peripheral blood (PB) were analyzed by
flow cytometry. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were
stimulated by rhIL-21, and changes of IL-21R, activation-associated
surface markers, the proliferation and apoptosis of B cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Production of IgG in the culture supernatants
was determined by ELISA.
Results: The results showed that the serum IL-21 levels in ITP patients
were significantly higher than that of healthy controls (HC), and it had
correlation with disease status. IL-21R, CD25 and CD69 expression
on B cells and the frequency of circulating CD4 + IL-21 + and
CD8 + IL-21 + T-cells were significantly higher in ITP patients. In vitro cultures, exogenous IL-21 downregulated IL-21R expression, upregulated activation-associated surface markers on B cells, promoted
more B cell proliferation and apoptosis in ITP patients than healthy
controls. This IL-21-mediated effect could be reversed by IL-21R-specific neutralizing antibody. Meanwhile, IL-21 promoted higher levels
of IgG production in ITP patients than healthy controls.
Conclusion: The defective IL-21/IL-21R pathway in the B lymphocytes
may be involved in the pathogenesis of ITP.
OR137
Soluble costimulatory factors SB7-H2, SB7-H3 in
relation to platelet autoantibodies in patients with
immune thrombocytopenic purpura
Shen W1, He Y2 and on behalf of Jiangsu Institute of Hematology,
the First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University
1
Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital,
Soochow University; 2Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Suzhou,
China
Background: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a common bleeding
disorder, which is mainly attributed to immunopathogenic processes
including platelet auto-antibodies mediated platelet destruction and
impared platelet production. The B7 family molecules expressed
mainly on B cell are critical for T cell regulation and antibody production.
Aims: This paper aims to investigate whether the plasma levels of
platelet autoantibodies in ITP patients are related to that of co-stimulatory molecules sB7-H2 and sB7-H3.
Methods: A total of 61 ITP patients and 25 healthy controls from the
First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University during June 2012 and
August 2013 were enrolled. The expression levels of platelet auto-antibodies against five glycoproteins (GPIX, GPIb, GPIIIa, GPIIb and Pselectin) in plasma were detected by flow cytometric immuno-beads
array, and the expression of soluable co-stimulatory molecules sB7-H2
and sB7-H3 was measured by ELISA.
Results: Plasma levels of five auto-antibodies against platelet membrance glycoproteins were higher in ITP patiens (P < 0.01). Compared
with healthy controls, sB7-H2 levels increased (P < 0.05), while there
was no significant difference with sB7-H3. In ITP patients, platelet
counts were negatively correlated to sB7-H2 (r = 0.3907, P < 0.01),
but had no correlation with sB7-H3. However, The level of sB7-H3
was significantly negatively correlated to that of platelet P-selectin
auto-antibody (r = 0.46, P < 0.05).
Conclusion: Soluble costimulatory molecules sB7-H2 was elevated in
ITP patients, and the level of sB7-H3 was associated with auto-antibodies against P-selectin, which suggests that costimulatory molecules
B7-H2 and B7-H3 may be involved in the pathogenesis of immune regulation of ITP.
OR138
High-dose dexamethasone corrects impaired myeloidderived suppressor cell functions via positive crosstalk
between glucocorticoid receptor and Ets1 in immune
thrombocytopenia
Hou Y1, Xu M2, Feng Q1, Yu Y1, Liu X1, Hou M1 and Peng J1
1
2
Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Toronto,
Toronto, Canada
Background: Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are heterogeneous immature cells and natural inhibitors of adaptive immunity.
Aims: To define MDSCs role in immune thrombocytopenia (ITP).
Methods: In this study, the MDSCs population was determined in
patients with primary ITP before and after high-dose dexamethasone
(HD-DXM) treatment.
Results: Our data demonstrated that both the numbers and suppressive functions of CD33+CD11b+HLA-DR MDSCs were impaired
in peripheral blood and the spleen of ITP patients compared with
healthy controls. HD-DXM promoted suppressive functions of
MDSCs induced from human PBMCs and splenocytes, exerting optimal inhibition of CD4+ T cell proliferation at a concentration of
20 nM. Moreover, the expression of IL-10 and TGF-b was up-regulated significantly in DXM-modulated MDSCs compared with the
unmodulated systems. After HD-DXM treatment in ITP patients,
MDSC-induced autologous T regulatory cells Tr1 increased significantly. When co-cultured with MDSC-primed CD8+ T cells, the platelet apoptosis level became lower, suggesting the enhanced control over
CTL-mediated platelet lysis. Elevated expression of glucocorticoid
receptor (GR) and transcription factor Ets1 was demonstrated in
DXM-modulated MDSCs. Transfection of Ets-1 siRNA efficiently
suppressed MDSC functions, which almost offset the effect of HDDXM. Splenocytes from CD61 knockout mice immunized against
CD61(+) platelets were transferred into severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) (C57/B6 background) mouse recipients to induce a murine model of severe ITP within 3 weeks. At the same time we passively
transferred the DXM-modulated MDSCs induced from bone marrow
of WT C57/B6 mice into the SCID mouse recipients, which showed
significantly raised platelet counts compared with mice receiving nonmodulated MDSCs or the blank ITP model.
Conclusion: These findings suggested that impaired MDSCs may be
involved in the pathogenesis of ITP, and that HD-DXM could correct
their functions via positive crosstalk between GR and Ets1.
OR139
Suppression of cell-mediated immune
thrombocytopenia (ITP) by B cell depletion therapy in a
murine model
Guo L1, Speck ER2, Aslam R2, Kapur R3, Ni H1 and Semple JW1,2
1
University of Toronto; 2St. Michaels Hospital; 3Canadian Blood
Service, Toronto, Canada
Background: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a bleeding disorder
that is mediated by both anti-platelet antibodies (Ab+) and CD8 + T
cells (Ab-). One therapy for ITP is B cell depletion (Bdep) by Rituximab, an anti-CD20 antibody which appears to prevent Ab+ platelet
destruction. Recently, however, studies have shown that Ab- ITP
patients also respond to Bdep, indicating an Ab-independent mechanisms may exist.
Aims: To investigate the effects of anti-CD20 Bdep therapy in murine
ITP.
Methods: To establish murine Ab- ITP, splenocytes from CD61
knockout mice (b3-) immunized against b3 + platelets were collected,
ABSTRACTS
depleted of CD19 + B cells in vitro, and 3 9 104 cells were transferred
into b3+ severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice and weekly
platelet counts monitored. For Bdep in vivo, anti-mouse CD20 was
administered to b3- mice before immunization (250 lg per mouse, iv).
In vitro proliferation of purified CD8 + T cells was assessed after 72 h
anti-CD3/anti-CD28 stimulation. In vivo proliferation was assessed by
CD8 + T percentages in SCID mouse spleens three weeks after T cell
injections into SCID mice.
Results: Anti-CD20 induced significant Bdep in the blood (> 98%),
spleen (> 90%) and lymph nodes (> 80%) of b3- mice. Compared with
immunized non-depleted mice, splenocytes from Bdep mice could not
induce ITP in SCID mice. Similarly, purified CD8 + T cells from the
Bdep b3- mice showed decreased proliferation in vitro and could not
induce ITP in vivo as compared with T cells from the non-depleted
mice.
Conclusion: Bdep by aCD20 showed a therapeutic effect in Ab- ITP
that correlated with suppressed proliferation of CD8 + T cells suggesting that B cell depletion therapy may significantly affect CD8 + T
cell responses.
OR140
STAT1 single nucleotide polymorphisms and
susceptibility to immune thrombocytopenia
Chen Z1, Guo Z2, Ma J1, gao C1 and Wu R1
1
Hematology Oncology Center, Beijing Childrens Hospital,
Capital Medical University; 2Department of Hematology/
Oncology, First Hospital of Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
Background: Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an acquired
autoimmune bleeding disorder. In ITP patients, IFN-c is significantly
up-regulated as a result of Th1 polarization. One of the key mediators
of IFN-c signaling is the Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 1 protein (STAT1).
Aims: To evaluate the relationship between STAT1 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the associated risk of ITP in a prospective casecontrol study.
Methods: A total of 548 children were recruited: 328 children with ITP
and 220 healthy children as sex- and age-matched normal controls. Sequenom MassArray system was used to detect three SNPs genotypes
in the STAT1 gene: rs10208033, rs12693591 and rs1467199.
Results: There is a statistically significant difference in STAT1
rs1467199 allele frequencies with comparison of each of the four clinical subgroups of ITP patients to the normal controls (P = 0.0432).
Also, newly diagnosed ITP patients and chronic ITP patients demonstrate significant different genotypes (v2 = 8.511, P = 0.0142) and allelic frequency (P = 0.0055). Although a positive STAT1 rs1467199
genotype subgroups to STAT1 mRNA expression level cannot be
established, there is a weak correlation between STAT1 mRNA level
and the activity ratio of Type 1 T helper lymphocyte and Type 2 T
helper lymphocyte (Th1/Th2 ratio) (P = 0.0544); Correlation with
IFN-c alone did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.1715). Si Also,
there is no significant difference of platelet count among the 3 subgroups: rs10208033, rs12693591 and rs1467199 (P = 0.1646,
P = 0.7524, P = 0.0731, respectively).
Conclusion: The findings in our study suggest STAT1 rs1467199 SNP
plays a potential role in the IFN-c dependent development of autoimmunity in children with ITP. The important clinical implication of
STAT1 SNPs testing as a predictor of pediatric chronic ITP will be
validated in future molecular and protein functional analysis.
147
Hemophilia Inhibitors
OR141
Do vaccinations influence the risk of inhibitor
development in patients with severe hemophilia A?
Hashemi SM1, Fischer K2, Gouw SC3, Rafowicz A4, Carcao M5,
Platokouki H6, Kenet G7, Liesner R8, Kurnik K9, Rivard G10, van
den Berg HM1 and on behalf of PedNet Study Group
1
Julius Center for Health Sciences; 2Van Creveldkliniek,
University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht; 3Department of
Pediatric Haematology, Emma Childrens Hospital, Academic
Medical Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
4
Centre de R
ef
erence pour le Traitement des Maladies
^pital Bic^
H
emorragiques (CRTH), Ho
etre, Paris, France; 5Division
of Haematology/Oncology, Department of Paediatrics and
Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada;
6
Haemophilia-Haemostasis Unit, St. Sophia Childrens Hospital,
Athens, Greece; 7National Hemophilia Center, Ministry of
Health, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel;
8
Department of Haematology, Hemophilia Center, Great
Ormond Street Hospital for children, London, UK; 9Dr. v.
Haunersches Kinderspital, University of Munich, Munich,
^pital St.
Germany; 10Division of Hematology/Oncology, Ho
Justine, Montreal, Canada
Background: Inhibitor development in previously untreated patients
(PUPs) with severe hemophilia A is a multifactorial event. However, it
is unknown whether pediatric vaccinations given in combination with
FVIII can increase the risk for inhibitors.
Aims: To investigate whether vaccinations given around the time of
FVIII exposure increases inhibitor development in PUPs with severe
hemophilia A.
Methods: Out of 604 PUPs with severe hemophilia A (FVIII < 1%),
we included the 375 patients who had data on any vaccinations
between the first and 75th exposure day (ED) to FVIII and before
inhibitor development. 229 PUPs were excluded because no data
regarding vaccinations between the 1st and 75th ED was available.
Inhibitor risk was compared between patients who did and did not
receive vaccinations in close proximity to FVIII (48 h before to 24 h
after). Both the associations between inhibitor development and any
vaccinations and the number of vaccinations were assessed. Unadjusted and adjusted hazard ratios (HR) were calculated using Cox
regression.
Results: Inhibitors developed in 79 out of 375 patients (21.1%), high
titer inhibitors in 46 (12.3%), after a median of 7.4 months (interquartile range 4.311.6). This was different from the entire cohort, where
inhibitors developed in 30.6% (20.4% high titer) after 3.6 months
(IQR 1.27.6). There were 1662 vaccinations given and 232 PUPs
(61.9%) received at least one vaccination concomitant with FVIII. No
association between vaccinations in combination with FVIII exposure
and inhibitor development was found: adjusted HR 0.74 (95% CI
0.581.16) for all inhibitors, 0.88 (0.481.59) for high titer inhibitors.
This association was independent of the number of vaccinations.
Conclusion: We found no significant association between vaccinations
given in close proximity to FVIII exposure and inhibitor development.
Our study suggests that there is no reason to time vaccinations to be
given far apart from FVIII exposure.
148
ABSTRACTS
OR142
Estimation of APTT improvement due to MC710
administration in hemophilia patients with inhibitors
Nakano H1, Hayashida K2, Imamura M2, Tomokiyo K1, Ohashi Y3
and Shirahata A4
1
Blood Plasma Division, Business Promotion Department;
2
Clinical Development Department, Kaketsuken, Kumamoto;
3
Integrated Science and Engineering for Sustainable Society,
Chuo University, Tokyo; 4Kitakyushu Yahata Higashi Hospital,
Kitakyushu, Japan
Background: MC710, a mixture product of human plasma-derived
activated factor VII (FVIIa) and factor X (FX) at a protein weight
ratio of 1:10, is a novel bypassing agent for hemostasis in hemophilia
patients with inhibitors. MC710 contains both FVIIa and its substrate
FX for greater potency than FVIIa alone, and is long acting due to the
long half-life of FX. We had completed 3 clinical trials (Phase I-III)
targeting hemophilia patients with inhibitors and MC710 was
approved in Japan in July, 2014 (brand named Byclot ).
Aims: There is no standardized objective index for hemostasis monitoring in bypassing agent treatment at present. It is important to find
an index related to MC710 administration.
Methods: We re-analysed the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) parameters of MC710, obtained in the Phase I clinical
trial, and estimated the dose-response of MC710 and the correlation
of the PK/PD parameters.
Results: Both the AUC and Cmax of FVIIa and FX increased in a
dose-dependent manner after administration of MC710, and indicated
linearity in the range of 20120 lg kg1. Under the PD parameters,
APTT showed a dose-response from 10 min to 24 h after administration. However, PT and each parameter of clot waveform analysis and
the thrombin generation test did not indicate a dose-response to
MC710. Therefore, we performed linear regression analysis with a
curve fitting on three parameters (APTT, administration dosage and
elapsed time from administration) and found an approximate equation. The estimated APTT value calculated from this approximate
equation was compared with the actual measured APTT value from
the Phase II clinical trial, and showed little difference.
Conclusion: These results suggest that approximate APTT can be predicted from the administration dosage of MC710 and elapsed time
from administration. As further treatment evidence by MC710 is accumulated, it will become possible to predict treatment with MC710
using APTT as an objective index.
Disclosure of Interest: H. Nakano Employee of: Kaketsuken, K. Hayashida Employee of: Kaketsuken, M. Imamura Employee of: Kaketsuken, K. Tomokiyo Employee of: Kaketsuken, Y. Ohashi
Consultant for: Kaketsuken, A. Shirahata Consultant for: Kaketsuken.
OR143
Plasma-derived factor VIII products and inhibitor
development in previously untreated boys with severe
hemophilia A: report of the FranceCoag Network
Goudemand J1,2, Rothschild C3, dOiron R4, Demiguel V5,
Dalibard V1,5, Micheau M6, Lutz P7, Gruel Y8,9,
Vinciguerra C10,11, Chambost H12,13, Calvez T14,15 and on behalf
of FranceCoag Network
1
Haematology Unit, University Hospital; 2Universit
e Lille2, Lille;
3
Hemophilia Center, AP-HP, Necker, Paris; 4Hemophilia Center,
AP-HP, Bic^
etre, Le Kremlin Bic^
etre; 5French Institute for Public
Health Surveillance, Saint Maurice; 6Hemophilia Center,
University Hospital, Bordeaux; 7Pediatric Hematology Oncology
Unit, Hautepierre University Hospital, Strasbourg; 8Haematology
e Francois Rabelais, Tours;
Unit, University Hospital; 9Universit
10
Haematology Unit, Hospices Civils; 11EA 4174, Universit
e
Lyon1, Lyon; 12Pediatric Hematology Oncology Unit, la Timone
University Hospital; 13Aix-Marseille University, Marseille;
14
Sorbonne Universit
es, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie 06,
UMR 1136; 15INSERM, UMR 1136, Institut Pierre Louis
dEpidemiologie et de Sant
e Publique, Paris, France
Background: It has been suggested that inhibitor risk is greater in
severe hemophilia A (HA) patients first treated with recombinant (r)
products than in those treated with plasma derived (pd) concentrates.
In most studies it is postulated that rFVIII constitutes an homogeneous group. Recently 3 independent studies reported an increased
inhibitor risk in previously untreated patients (Pups) treated with second (2nd)-generation vs. third (3rd) generation full-length rFVIII
products. On the other hand, pdFVIII concentrates have also distinct
features precluding global analysis.
Aims: To compare the inhibitor incidence rates in Pups treated with a
pdFVIII concentrate and those treated with 2nd or 3rd generation
FVIII concentrates in the FranceCoag (FC) Pups cohort.
Methods: The FC network has been funded by the public health
authorities and comprises a prospective national multicenter Pups
cohort (34 centers). Parents approve their childs enrollment in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Baseline data comprised
demographic characteristics, HA-related medical history from birth,
F8 gene defect, family history of H and inhibitor, ethnic origin.
Detailed H treatments and major events were collected at each followup visits such as the results of FVIII inhibitor assays. Only the first 75
exposure days were considered for this analysis. Three outcomes were
considered: inhibitor development (> 0.6 Bethesda Unit), high titer
inhibitor ( 5 BU) and the use of by passing agents or immune tolerance induction.
Results: Among the 508 eligible Pups with severe HA (FVIII < 1%)
enrolled on January 26th 2015, 376 were first treated with rFVIII (1rst
generation: 72, 2nd generation: 170, 3rd generation: 134) and 116 were
first treated with pdFVIII (including 106 treated with the same
pdFVIII concentrate). The inhibitor incidence in Pups treated with
pdFVIII compared to the different generation of rFVIII will be presented.
Conclusion: Will be presented later.
ABSTRACTS
OR144
Determinants of inhibitor development in previously
treated hemophilia A patients
Iorio A1,2, Barbara A3, Castaman G4, Fischer K5, Gilman E6,
Goudemand J7, Kavakli K8, Kubicek-Hofmann C9, Lambert T10,
Lissitchkov T, Makris M6, Matthew P12, Castelano MEM13,
Ozdemir N, Parra R, Peerlinck K, Rivolta G16, Romanov V17,
Roussel-Robert V18, Tagliaferri A19, Windyga J20 and Zanon E21
1
Department of Clinical Epidemiology; 2Medicine; 3Clinical
Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton,
Canada; 4Azienda Ospedaliera Policlinico Careggi, Florence,
Italy; 5Van Creveld Clinic, Utrecth, The Netherlands; 6University
of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK; 7University of, Lille, France;
8
Unviersity of Izmir, Izmir, Turkey; 9University, Berlin, Germany;
10
University, Paris, France; 12Bayer, USA; 13Spain; 16Policlinico
Universitario, Parma, Italy; 17Baxter Healthcare, Los Angeles,
USA; 18France; 19Policlinico Unviersitario, Parma, Italy;
20
University, Warsaw, Poland; 21Policlinico Universitario, Padua,
Italy
Background: The development of inhibitors, or neutralizing alloantibodies, is the most serious complication in hemophilia A treatment.
The assessment of the risk for inhibitor formation in new or modified
factor concentrates is traditionally performed in previously treated
patients (PTPs). Inhibitor development is a complex process affected
by multiple issues and risk factors, including non-modifiable risks (e.g.
genetics) and environmental risks (e.g. treatment and trigger events
such as surgery, immunologic challenge, trauma).
Aims: The purpose of this study is to examine cases of de novo inhibitors in PTPs reported in the scientific literature and to the EUropean
HAemophilia Safety Surveillance (EUHASS) program and explore
determinants of inhibitor development.
Methods: We used a case-series study design. We identified cases via:
a) a systematic review of prospective or retrospective cases in the published literature; b) a survey of cases reported to the EUHASS project.
We used a case report form (CRFs) to extract the relevant patient level
data; including details of inhibitor detection and testing, inhibitor
course and treatment, factor VIII products used, and details of events
that can trigger inhibitor development (surgery, vaccination, immune
disorders, malignancy, product switch).
Results: We identified 19 publications that reported 39 new inhibitors
in PTPs with hemophilia A and 26 qualifying inhibitor cases from 19
EUHASS centers. Individual patient data has been collected for 46/65
(70%) inhibitor cases: 13 from CRFs completed by study investigators
and 16 extracted from patient-level information available in the published literature and 17 from EUHASS. Data collection will be completed by March and analysis by April 2015. Descriptive analyses of
the case series will be presented.
Conclusion: This is the largest cohort of inhibitor development in PTPs
assembled to date. Our findings will allow us to explore factors related
to inhibitor development in PTPs.
Disclosure of Interest: A. Iorio: None declared, A. Barbara: None
declared, G. Castaman: None declared, K. Fischer: None declared, E.
Gilman: None declared, J. Goudemand: None declared, K. Kavakli:
None declared, C. Kubicek-Hofmann: None declared, T. Lambert:
None declared, T. Lissitchkov: None declared, M. Makris: None
declared, P. Matthew Employee of: Bayer, M. E. Mingot Castelano:
None declared, N. Ozdemir: None declared, R. Parra: None declared,
K. Peerlinck: None declared, G. Rivolta: None declared, V. Romanov
Employee of: Baxter Healthcare, V. Roussel-Robert: None declared,
A. Tagliaferri: None declared, J. Windyga: None declared, E. Zanon:
None declared.
149
OR145
ITI for inhibitory antibodies in boys with severe
haemophilia A at eight UK childrens centres 2003
2013
Mathias M1, Alamelu J2, Collins P3, Payne J4, Richards M5,
Tunstall O6, Williams M7, Biss T8 and Chalmers E9
1
Haemophilia Centre, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children
NHS Foundation Trust; 2Haemophilia Centre, Evelina London
Childrens Hospital, London; 3Arthur Bloom Haemophilia Centre,
School of Medicine University of Cardiff, Cardiff; 4Haematology,
Sheffield Childrens Hospital, Sheffield; 5Haematology, Leeds
Childrens Hospital, Leeds; 6Haematology, University Hospital
Bristol, Bristol; 7Haematology, Birmingham Childrens Hospital,
Birmingham; 8Haematology, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals
NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne; 9Haematology,
Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Glasgow, UK
Background: Inhibitory antibodies to FVIII arise in approximately a
third of boys with severe haemophilia A and are difficult and costly to
manage.
Aims: To document ITI outcome in an unselected consecutive cohort
of boys with severe haemophilia A managed at 8 UK centres and to
compare these historical data with an on-going audit against recently
published UKHCDO guidelines.
Methods: Data were collected by 8 centres from all boys with inhibitors diagnosed between 2003 and 2013.
Results: Sixty-four inhibitor patients with severe haemophilia A
received ITI in this period. At detection 44 (68.8%) were< 10BU, 15
(23.4%) were > 10BU and in 5 (7.8%) the inhibitor titre was unknown
due to inhibitor evolution occurring outside the UK. At detection
median exposure days and inhibitor titre were 15.5 (3100) and 2.8BU
(0.6119) respectively, historical peak titre 6.5BU (0.6256) and inhibitor titre at start of first ITI 3.3BU (0.695). Ethnicity of the cohort:
Caucasian 45 (70.3%), Afro-Caribbean 13 (20.3%), Asian 4 (6.3%)
and Other 2 (3.1%). Outcome: tolerance (negative Bethesda, normal
recovery and measureable trough FVIII with < 50 IU kg1 every
48 h) in 31 (48.4%), partial tolerance (negative Bethesda, normal
recovery and a measureable trough FVIII with > 50 IU kg1 every
48 h) in 24 (37.5%) and failure in 9 (14.1%). Tolerance/partial tolerance was achieved with first line ITI in 49 of 64 boys (76.5%), 2nd line
in 3 of 14 (21.4%) and 3rd line in 3 of 11 (27.3%). 43/45 (95.6%) of
Caucasian boys tolerised compared with 7/13 (53.8%) of Afro-Caribbean boys. 2/44 (4.5%) with < 10BU at diagnosis and 7/15 (46.7%)
with > 10BU at presentation failed ITI. This failed group had between
2 and 4 attempts at ITI before switching to prophylaxis with bypassing
agents. 42/64 (65.7%) started first line ITI according to the intensity
advised by current UKHCDO guidelines.
Conclusion: Tolerance was achieved in 85.9% of this cohort, poor outcome being associated with presenting titre > 10BU and Afro-Caribbean race.
150
ABSTRACTS
Risk factors for venous

thrombosis I
OR146
Risk factors of residual perfusion defects after a first
episode of unprovoked PE: results from the PADIS PE
multicenter, double-blind, randomized trial
Sanchez O1, Tromeur C2, Leroux PY3, Presles E4, Mismetti P5,
Jego P6, Pernod G7, Duhamel E8, Provost K9, Castellant P10,
Parent F11, Salaun PY3, Nonent M12, Girard P13, Lacut K2,
Melac S14, Guegan M14, le Marhic G14, Laporte S4, Leroyer C2,
Decousus H5, Mottier D2, Meyer G1 and Couturaud F2
1
Service de Pneumologie, INSERM UMR S 970, GIRC thrombose,
^pital Europeen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP; Universit
Ho
e Paris
epartement de M
edecine
e, Paris; 2D
Interne et Pneumologie, EA 3878, CIC INSERM 1412, GIRC
edecine Nucl
eaire, EA 3878 GIRC
Thrombose; 3Service de M
Thrombose, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Brest, Universit
e
e de recherche clinique,
de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest; 4Unit
Innovation et pharmacologie, EA3065, GIRC Thrombose; 5Service
de Medecine et Therapeutique, Unit
e de Pharmacologie
Clinique, EA3065, GIRC Thrombose, Centre HospitaloUniversitaire Saint-Etienne, Universit
e Jean Monnet, Saint
edecine Interne, Centre HospitaloEtienne; 6Service de M
Universitaire de Rennes, Universit
e de Rennes 1, Rennes; 7CNRS/
TIMC-IMAG UMR 5525/Themas, Service de M
edecine
Vasculaire, GIRC Thrombose, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de
Grenoble, Universite Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble; 8Service de
Medecine Interne, GIRC Thrombose, Centre Hospitalier G
en
eral
de Saint-Brieuc, Saint Brieuc; 9Service de Cardiologie, Centre
Hospitalier General de Lannion, Lannion; 10Service de
Cardiologie, EA 4324, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Brest,
Universite de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest; 11Service de
Pneumologie, INSERM 999, GIRC Thrombose, Centre HospitaloUniversitaire de Kremlin Bic^
etre, Paris; 12Service de Radiologie,
EA 3878, GIRC Thrombose, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de
epartement
Brest, Universite de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest; 13D
Thoracique, GIRC thrombose, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris,
Paris; 14EA 3878, CIC INSERM 1412, GIRC Thrombose, Centre
Hospitalo-Universitaire de Brest, Universit
e de Bretagne
Occidentale, Brest, France
Background: After a first episode of unprovoked pulmonary embolism
(PE), the presence of residual perfusion lung defects may be associated
with a high risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) after
anticoagulation is discontinued. Risk factors for unresolved PE remain
unknown.
Aims: To identify risk factors of residual perfusion defects after a first
unprovoked PE.
Methods: In the PADIS-PE multicenter, randomized, double-blind,
controlled trial, 371 patients who had completed 6 months of anticoagulation for a first unprovoked PE were allocated to receive an additional 18 months of warfarin or placebo. At the time of inclusion, all
patients had a systematic ventilation perfusion (V/Q) lung scan. The
pre-determined cut-off for residual perfusion defects was the presence
of an altered perfusion in at least 10% of the pulmonary vascular bed.
The influence of clinical, biochemical and morphological variables at
the diagnosis of PE was determined in univariate and multivariate
analyses using logistic regression.
Results: After 6 months of anticoagulation, 124 of 371 patients (33%)
had residual perfusion defects. In the multivariate analysis, the Odds
Ratio for residual perfusion defects was 3.44 (95% Confidence Interval
[CI], 1.975.99) for age > 65 years, 2.15 (95% CI, 1.124.11) for
patients with a chronic respiratory disease, 1.78 (95% CI, 1.003.14)

for a systolic pulmonary arterial pressure > 50 mmHg or a right ventricular/left ventricular ratio > 0.9 at the diagnosis of PE and 0.56
(95% CI, 0.320.97) for patients who received initial treatment with
low molecular weight heparins (LMWH) as compared to unfractionated heparins or pentasaccharide.
Conclusion: Age > 65 years, chronic respiratory disease, and initial
right ventricular dysfunction were significantly associated with an
increased risk of residual perfusion lung defects, whereas the initial use
of LMWH was associated with a decreased risk of residual defects.
(ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT00740883).
OR147
Evolutionary conservation of autoinhibitory B-domain
regions in blood coagulation factor V of the suborder
Serpentes
Verhoef D1, Cheung KL1, Vos HL1, McCleary RJR2, Kini MR3,
Reitsma PH1 and Bos MHA1
1
Division of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Einthoven Laboratory
for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical
Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; 2Department of Biological
Sciences; 3Department of Biological Science, National University
of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
Background: The factor V (FV) B-domain negatively regulates FV
activity through conserved autoinhibitory regions. The single snake
FV sequence identified thus far lacks these inhibitory segments, suggesting a divergent molecular mechanism of FV regulation. Whether
this unique feature is limited to the Elapidae or hallmarks the entire
Serpentes suborder is unclear.
Aims: We aimed to uncover the identity of the FV B-domain from 18
distinct snake species belonging to 5 snake families and representing
different geographical origins and venomous states.
Methods: For 13 species, cDNAs were generated from fresh-frozen
liver tissue, and B-domain fragments were amplified employing oligonucleotides complementary to conserved FV-specific sequences. For 5
species, the FV transcripts were compiled from deposited gDNA/
cDNA fragments.
Results: Sequence analysis revealed that the regulatory B-domain elements are preserved with high sequence identity in all snake species.
All B-domains comprise a proteolytic site homologous to human
Arg1018 that likely facilitates removal of the autoinhibitory regions
during FV activation. In addition to the ~2 kbp fragment encoding a
regular B-domain, the amplification reactions also generated a shorter
~600 bp fragment, corresponding to a truncated FV B-domain that
lacks the autoinhibitory regions and is homologous to that found in
snake venom FV of several elapids. Alignment with the compiled
snake FV transcripts uncovered two intra-exonic splice sites within the
B-domain-encoding exon that may be the basis of the truncated Bdomain transcript. Preliminary quantitative analysis indicated that
while in most snakes the regular B-domain is more abundant (40
1000-fold) than the short version, they are almost equally expressed in
snake venom FV-comprising elapids.
Conclusion: Taken together, B-domain-specific structural elements
important to FV function occur in all Serpentes families. Alternative
splicing events may account for distinct FV B-domain transcripts that
vary in composition and abundance.
Disclosure of Interest: D. Verhoef: None declared, K. L. Cheung: None
declared, H. Vos: None declared, R. McCleary: None declared, M.
Kini: None declared, P. Reitsma: None declared, M. Bos Grant/
Research Support from: Bayer Hemophilia Awards.
ABSTRACTS
OR148
Identification of new genetic risk factors for recurrent
venous thrombosis
de Haan HG1, Germain M2, Baglin TP3, Deleuze J-F4,
Tregouet D-A2, Rosendaal FR1,5,6 and van Hylckama Vlieg A1
1
e et la
Leiden, The Netherlands; 2Institut National pour la Sant
Recherche Medicale (INSERM), UMR_S 937, ICAN Institute,
Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France; 3Cambridge
Haemophilia and Thrombophilia Centre, Addenbrookes
Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals National Health Service
enomique,
Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK; 4Institut de G
Centre National de Genotypage, Evry, France; 5Einthoven
Laboratory of Experimental Vascular Medicine; 6Thrombosis and
Hemostasis, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The
Netherlands
Background: Previous studies have shown that the established genetic
risk factors for a first venous thrombosis (VT) have little effect on the
risk of recurrence. So far, genome wide genetic studies on recurrence
are lacking.
Aims: Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify genetic determinants of recurrent VT.
Methods: We performed a genome wide association scan in 1279
patients with venous thrombosis from the MEGA follow-up study;
832 patients with a first VT without recurrence, and 447 patients who
experienced a recurrent VT during 8 years of follow-up. Genotypes
for single nucleotide variants (SNVs) were imputed using the sequencing data of the Genome of the Netherlands (GoNL) project as a reference. We analysed dosages of about 8.6 million SNVs with a minor
allele frequency 1% and an imputation quality I 0.5 for an association with recurrent venous thrombosis assuming an additive model of
inheritance and adjusted for age and sex.
Results: One region exceeded genome-wide significance (P 5*108),
which mapped to the well-known FV Leiden locus. Conditional association analyses on FV Leiden did not yield secondary association signals at this locus. We also identified 71 highly suggestive association
signals (P < 1*105) at 18 additional loci. None of these loci were previously implicated in VT risk. We are currently genotyping the sentinel
SNVs at these loci in 360 recurrent VT patients and 1891 patients with
a single VT event from MEGA, THE VTE study, and LETS. Results
of the replication efforts will be available at time of the conference.
Conclusion: This is the first large genetic study on recurrent venous
thrombosis. Our results reconfirm the association of FV Leiden with
recurrent VT. In addition, we identified several new candidate loci that
may be associated with the risk of recurrent VT. For these loci replication and further studies are warranted.
151
OR149
Risk factors of recurrent venous thromboembolism in
patients with a first episode of unprovoked pulmonary
embolism: results from the PADIS PE multicenter,
double-blind, randomized trial
Couturaud F1, Sanchez O2, Presles E3, Salaun PY4, Pernod G5,
Mismetti P6, Jego P7, Duhamel E8, Provost K9, Solier CBD10,
Castellant P11, Parent F12, Bressollette L13, Girard P14, Lacut K1,
egan M16, Laporte S3, Leroyer C1, D
ecousus H17,
M
elac S15, Gu
Meyer G2 and Mottier D1
1
D
epartement de M
edecine Interne et Pneumologie, EA 3878,
CIC INSERM 1412, GIRC Thrombose, Centre HospitaloUniversitaire de Brest, Universit
e de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest;
2
Service de Pneumologie, INSERM UMR S 970, GIRC Thrombose,
^pital Europ
Ho
een Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Universit
e Paris
e de recherche
e, Paris; 3Unit
clinique, Innovation et pharmacologie, EA3065, GIRC
Thrombose, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Saint-Etienne,
edecine
Universit
e Jean Monnet, Saint Etienne; 4Service de M
Nucl
eaire, EA 3878, GIRC Thrombose, University Hospital Center
of Brest, Brittany Occidental University, Brest; 5CNRS/TIMCIMAG UMR 5525/Themas, Service de M
edecine Vasculaire,
GIRC Thrombose, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Grenoble,
edecine et
Universit
e Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble; 6Service de M
Th
erapeutique, Unit
e de Pharmacologie Clinique, EA3065, GIRC
Thrombose, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Saint-Etienne,
edecine
Universit
e Jean Monnet, Saint Etienne; 7Service de M
Interne, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Rennes, Universit
e de
edecine Interne, GIRC
Rennes 1, Rennes; 8Service de M
Thrombose, Centre Hospitalier G
en
eral de Saint-Brieuc, Sainten
eral de
Brieuc; 9Service de Cardiologie, Centre Hospitalier G
Lannion, Lannion; 10Clinique des Anticoagulants DIle de France
C.R.E.A.T.I.F.
, Centre hospitalo-Universitaire de Lariboisi
ere, Paris;
11
Service de Cardiologie, EA 4324, Centre HospitaloUniversitaire de Brest, Universit
12
Service de Pneumologie, INSERM 999, GIRC Thrombose,
Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Kremlin Bic^
etre, Paris;
13
Service dEcho-doppler Vasculaire, EA 3878, CIC INSERM
1412, GIRC Thrombose, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Brest,
epartement
Universit
e de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest; 14D
Thoracique, GIRC thrombose, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris,
Paris; 15EA 3878, CIC INSERM 1412, GIRC Thrombose; 16EA
3878, CIC INSERM 1412, GIRC Thrombose, Centre HospitaloUniversitaire de Brest, Universit
17
Service de M
edecine et Th
erapeutique, Unit
e de Pharmacologie
Clinique, EA3065, GIRC Thrombose, Centre HospitaloUniversitaire Saint-Etienne, Universit
e Jean Monnet, Saint
Etienne, France
Background: Patients with a first episode of unprovoked pulmonary
embolism (PE) have a high risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism
(VTE) after anticoagulation is discontinued.
Aims: To identify risk factors for recurrent VTE after a first episode of
unprovoked PE.
Methods: In the PADIS-PE multicenter, randomized, double-blind,
controlled trial, 371 patients who had completed 6 months of anticoagulation for a first episode of unprovoked PE were allocated to
receive an additional 18 months of warfarin or placebo and were followed during two years after study treatment had been stopped. At the
time of inclusion, all patients had biochemical testing, a V/Q lung scan
(altered perfusion in 10% of the pulmonary vascular bed), an echocardiography and a leg ultrasound. The influence of clinical, biochemical and morphological variables was determined using univariate and
multivariate analyses adjusted on treatment allocation (Cox model).
152
ABSTRACTS
Results: During a median study period of 41 months, recurrent VTE

occurred in 67 of 371 patients (20.0%; 6.8 events per 100 personyears). In the multivariate analysis, the Hazard Ratio for recurrence
was 2.23 (95% Confidence Interval [CI], 1.184.21) for age > 65 years,
3.36 (95% CI, 1.169.75) for patients who had previous cancer
resolved for > 2 years before the diagnosis of PE (none had recurrent
cancer at the time of recurrent VTE), and 2.30 (95% CI, 1.224.33) for
the presence of residual perfusion defects on V/Q scans. Patients with
at least one of these factors represented 76% of all recurrences. There
was no detectable influence of sex, post-thrombotic syndrome at inclusion, right heart dysfunction at diagnosis of PE or at inclusion, Ddimer level at inclusion and thrombophilia.
Conclusion: In patients with first unprovoked PE, age > 65 years, persistent lung perfusion defects at 6 months of anticoagulation and a
previous history of cancer were associated with an increased risk of
recurrent VTE. (ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT00740883).
OR150
Lipid levels and risk of venous thrombosis: results
from the MEGA study
Morelli VM1,2, Lijfering WM2,3, Rosendaal FR2,3,4 and
Cannegieter SC2,3
1
Departamento de Oncologia Clnica e Experimental,
Universidade Federal de S~
ao Paulo, S~
ao Paulo, Brazil;
2
Department of Clinical Epidemiology; 3Einthoven Laboratory for
Experimental Vascular Medicine; 4Department of Thrombosis
and Haemostasis, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The
Netherlands
Background: Studies on the association between lipids and venous
thrombosis (VT) are inconsistent, and the pathophysiology behind this
possible link is unclear.
Aims: To assess whether lipids are associated with VT and to explore
the mechanism with particular attention to confounding by common
risk factors and mediation via hemostatic factors and C-reactive protein (CRP).
Methods: From a casecontrol study (MEGA study), 2234 patients
with a first VT and 2873 controls were included. Total cholesterol
(TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL),
non-HDL, triglycerides (TG), and apolipoproteins A1 (apo A1) and B
(apo B) were assessed. Consent and ethical approval were obtained for
this study.
Results: In age and sex-adjusted models, low levels (< 10th percentile
of controls) of apo A1 and HDL increased VT risk as compared with
levels > 90th percentile of controls: odds ratios (OR) 2.06 (95% CI
1.582.67) and OR 1.64 (95% CI 1.262.13), respectively. With further
adjustment for body mass index (BMI), the effect of apo A1 on VT
risk was attenuated (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.232.12), and the effect of
HDL disappeared (OR 1.09, 95% CI 0.831.45). Full adjustment (age,
sex, BMI, estrogen-, statin- use, and diabetes) did not further change
either OR. High levels (> 90th percentile) of apo B decreased VT risk
as compared with levels < 10th percentile, even after full adjustment
(OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.420.71). TC, LDL, non-HDL, and TG were not
associated with VT. Although apo A1 and apo B were strongly associated with several hemostatic factors and CRP, their inclusion in the
logistic model did not affect the ORs for apo A1 or apo B.
Conclusion: Low apo A1 increased VT risk, and high apo B seemed to
protect against VT, which was unexpected as apo B is a risk factor for
arterial thrombosis. We were unable to clarify the mechanism by
which apo A1 and apo B affect VT risk, but the association of both
apolipoproteins with hemostatic factors and CRP may support further
studies.
TTP and PNH from Basic Science to

Clinical Practice
OR151
Recombinant ADAMTS13 as an effective therapy for
acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura in rats
Tersteeg C1, Schiviz A2, Plaimauer B2, De Meyer SF1,
Scheiflinger F2, Vanhoorelbeke K1 and Rottensteiner H2
1
Laboratory for Thrombosis Research, KU Leuven Kulak, Kortrijk,
Belgium; 2Baxter Innovations GmbH, Vienna, Austria
Background: The metalloprotease ADAMTS13 regulates the size of
von Willebrand factor (VWF) multimers. A deficiency in ADAMTS13
activity is associated with the life-threatening disorder thrombotic
thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). The vast majority of patients suffer
from acquired TTP, where circulating anti-ADAMTS13 autoantibodies are causative for the decreased ADAMTS13 activity. Current treatment consists of plasma exchange, but improved therapies are highly
warranted.
Aims: To establish a rat model for acquired TTP and to investigate the
therapeutic efficacy of recombinant human (rh)ADAMTS13.
Methods: Rats (Sprague-Dawley) were injected with polyclonal goat
anti-ADAMTS13 IgG to inhibit endogenous rat ADAMTS13 activity.
Rats were subsequently challenged with recombinant human VWF
(rhVWF) to trigger TTP symptoms. The efficacy of rhADAMTS13 to
treat acquired TTP in these rats was studied by subsequent injection
rhADAMTS13.
Results: Although anti-ADAMTS13 antibodies completely blocked
endogenous rat ADAMTS13 activity, the rats did not spontaneously
develop TTP. Only when these rats were triggered with rhVWF, the
animals developed acquired TTP displaying severe TTP symptoms
such as thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia and VWF-rich thrombi
in kidney and brain. Treatment of acquired TTP was subsequently
done by injection of 400, 800 or 1600 U kg1 rhADAMTS13. Analysis of plasma samples demonstrated the formation of circulating antiADAMTS13/rhADAMTS13 immune complexes. However, rhADAMTS13 was able to override circulating anti-ADAMTS13 inhibitory antibodies, resulting in a restoration of ADAMTS13 activity and
degradation of ultra-large VWF multimers. As a consequence, rats
were rescued from acquired TTP.
Conclusion: We have established a small laboratory animal model for
acquired TTP. We demonstrate that rhADAMTS13 is an effective
therapy for acquired TTP in rats and holds promising value for future
clinical use for the treatment of this severe and life-threatening disease.
Disclosure of Interest: C. Tersteeg: None declared, A. Schiviz
Employee of: Baxter Innovations GmbH, B. Plaimauer Employee of:
Baxter Innovations GmbH, S. De Meyer: None declared, F. Scheiflinger Employee of: Baxter Innovations GmbH, K. Vanhoorelbeke:
None declared, H. Rottensteiner Employee of: Baxter Innovations
GmbH.
ABSTRACTS
OR152
Hereditary TTP a young patient population with high
prevalence of arterial thromboembolic events: first
results from the hereditary TTP registry
Mansouri M1, Matsumoto M2, Cermakova Z3, Friedman KD4,
bl PN7, Kokame K8, von
George JN5, Hrachovinova I6, Kno
9
10
Krogh AS , Schneppenheim R , Vesley SK5, Fujimura Y2,
Lammle B1 and Kremer Hovinga JA1
1
University Clinic of Hematology, Central Hematology
Laboratory and Department of Clinical Research, University of
Bern, Bern, Switzerland; 2Department of Blood Transfusion
Medicine, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan; 3Department of
Biomedical Sciences, Medical Faculty, University of Ostrava,
Ostrava, Czech Republic; 4Blood Center Wisconsin, Milwaukee;
5
Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health
Sciences Center, Oklahoma, USA; 6Coagulation Laboratory,
Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech
Republic; 7Division Hematology and Hemostasis, Department of
Medicine 1, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria;
8
Department of Molecular Pathogenesis, National Cerebral &
Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan; 9Department of
Hematology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University,
Trondheim, Norway; 10Department of Pediatric Hematology and
Oncology, University Medical Center, Hamburg Eppendorf,
Germany
Background: Hereditary TTP or Upshaw-Schulman syndrome is a
rare, recessively inherited thrombotic microangiopathy due to congenital ADAMTS13 deficiency caused by ADAMTS13 mutations.
Aims: To increase the knowledge on hereditary TTP and eventually
improve patient care we initiated an international ongoing cohort
study for patients diagnosed with hereditary TTP and their family
members (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01257269).
Methods: All patients diagnosed with hereditary TTP are eligible for
study. Medical data are recorded retrospectively up to enrollment and
then prospectively during follow-up visits and/or at every acute TTP
event. Available for study were the validated data sets of 90/106 (85%)
patients enrolled until the end of 2014.
Results: As of January 20th 2015, 83/90 (92%) hereditary
TTP patients from 82 families were alive. Their median age was
18.7 years (range 066.9) and the female to male ratio 1.1. In the 82
families, we identified 79 different ADAMTS13 mutations [type of
mutation: missense 45; nonsense 9; frameshift due to small deletions or
insertions 18; large deletion 1; splice site 6) with 4143insA being the
most frequent (29 alleles), followed by R193W (10) and R1060W (6)].
Thirty patients were homozygous and 60 compound heterozygous
mutation carriers.
A total of 195 TTP events were recorded in 57 patients and occurred
in 61% in the presence of recognized triggers, e.g. infections or pregnancy. Fifty of 195 (26%) events were reported in 15 patients on regular plasma prophylaxis. Despite the young age of the study
population, 21/83 (25%) patients had experienced at least one arterial
thromboembolic event (TIA, stroke, myocardial infarction, etc.) and
one a venous thromboembolic event.
Conclusion: Analysis of the first 90 patients revealed a high prevalence
of arterial thromboembolism in hereditary TTP. More than half of
TTP events occurred in the context of recognized triggers and the high
proportion of events under plasma prophylaxis calls for optimization
of current preventive therapy.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Mansouri: None declared, M. Matsumoto
Consultant for: Baxter Healthcare, Z. Cermakova: None declared, K.
Friedman: None declared, J. George: None declared, I. Hrachovinova:
None declared, P. Kn
obl Grant/Research Support from: Baxter
Healthcare, Ablynx, Archemix, K. Kokame: None declared, A. S. von
Krogh: None declared, R. Schneppenheim: None declared, S. Vesley:
None declared, Y. Fujimura Shareholder of: Alfressa Pharma, Grant/
153
Research Support from: Alexion Pharma, B. Lammle Grant/Research

Support from: Baxter Healthcare, J. Kremer Hovinga Grant/Research
Support from: Baxter Healthcare.
OR153
Endogenous plasmin levels control the development of
acute episodes of thrombotic thrombocytopenic
purpura in mice
Tersteeg C1, Deforche L1, Gils A2, Deckmyn H1, Declerck PJ2,
Rottensteiner H3, Maas C4, De Meyer SF1 and Vanhoorelbeke K1
1
Laboratory for Thrombosis Research, Ku Leuven Kulak, Kortrijk;
2
Laboratory for Therapeutic and Diagnostic Antibodies, KU
Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; 3Baxter Innovations GmbH, Vienna,
Austria; 4Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology,
UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Background: A deficiency in ADAMTS13 activity is associated with
the life-threatening disorder thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
(TTP), where patients suffer from episodes of thrombotic microangiopathy. We previously demonstrated that exogenous plasmin is able to
rescue Adamts13/ mice from TTP implying that plasmin may act as
a backup mechanism for ADAMTS13 mediated digestion of VWF.
Aims: Elucidation of the role of endogenous plasmin in the control of
TTP episodes in mice.
Methods: ADAMTS13 or PAI-1 activity was blocked using monoclonal
antibodies in either uPAR/, a2-antiplasmin/ or wild type (WT)
mice. TTP was triggered using recombinant human (rh)VWF. In vivo
cleavage of platelet decorated VWF strings was visualized in FeCl3
injured mesenteric venules, after labeling platelets with Rhodamine 6 G.
Results: WT mice with blocked ADAMTS13 activity developed
acquired TTP when triggered with 500 U kg1 rhVWF, demonstrated
by
severe
thrombocytopenia
(158 77 9 103 plt lL1;
685 42 9 103 plt lL1 at baseline, n = 15), while 250 U kg1
rhVWF
did
not
induce
TTP
in
these
animals
(541 67 9 103 plt lL1, n = 10). Interestingly however, uPAR/
mice without ADAMTS13 activity did developed TTP when triggered
with 250 U kg1 rhVWF (209 44 9 103 plt lL1, n = 10). Furthermore, VWF string cleavage in these mice was strongly delayed to
18.9 2.7 s compared to 8.8 0.9 s in WT mice. In contrast, VWF
string cleavage was accelerated to 5.1 0.2 s in a2-antiplasmin/
mice with inhibited PAI-1 and ADAMTS13 activity. In addition, the
latter mice did not develop TTP upon triggering with 500 U kg1
rhVWF (569 267 9 103 plt lL1, n = 16).
Conclusion: Endogenous plasmin is able to cleave VWF. Blocking
plasmin generation via uPAR render mice more susceptible to TTP,
whereas unrestrained endogenous plasmin is able to prevent acute
TTP episodes. Therefore, endogenous plasmin levels control the development of acute TTP episodes in mice and interventions to increase
plasmin generation may be beneficial during acute episodes.
OR154
Coversin, a novel complement C5 inhibitor and
potential therapeutic agent, prevents C5 activation in
patients with C5 polymorphisms
Mackie IJ1, Chitolie A1, Nunn M1, Weston-Davies W2 and
Machin S1
1
Haematology, University College London; 2The Doctors
Laboratory, London, UK
Background: The monoclonal antibody eculizumab which prevents
cleavage of complement C5 by C5 convertase, is extensively used to
154
ABSTRACTS
treat paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH), atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome (aHUS) and thrombotic microangiopathies.
Patients with p.R885H and probably, p.R885C heterozygous C5 polymorphisms are resistant to treatment with eculizumab, causing an
increased thromboembolic risk. p.R885H has an incidence of about
3.5% in Japanese, 1% in Han Chinese and is rare in other populations.
Coversin, a small protein inhibitor of C5 binds to a different site on
C5 than eculizumab and is a potent inhibitor of C5 activation in a wide
range of mammals, we therefore hypothesised it might block C5 cleavage in patients with polymorphisms to p.R885.
Aims: To compare the ability of Coversin and eculizumab to prevent
activation of human C5 in patients with C5 p.R885 polymorphisms.
Methods: Serum from six normal controls and two Caucasian patients
proven (p.R885H) or believed (p.R885C), to be resistant to eculizumab, was tested using a CH50 ELISA (Quidel). Serial therapeutic
concentrations of eculizumab and Coversin were used to spike patient
and normal control sera in vitro.
Results: Eculizumab completely inhibited normal control serum at
concentrations above 35 lg mL1 (the expected threshold), but it only
inhibited CH50 activity in serum from patients with both the p.R885
polymorphisms by 75% even at concentrations up to 100 lg mL1. In
contrast, Coversin inhibited complement activity equally well in resistant patients and normal controls, completely ablating activity at
approximately 10 lg mL1.
Conclusion: Coversin, but not eculizumab, totally inhibited complement activation in sera from two Caucasian patients with C5 polymorphisms within the same codon. Near 100% inhibition is necessary for
optimal clinical control of conditions such as PNH and aHUS, so
Coversin might provide a useful alternative to eculizumab in patients
where no other prophylaxis option is available.
Disclosure of Interest: I. Mackie Grant/Research Support from: Volution Immunopharmaceuticals, A. Chitolie Grant/Research Support
from: Volution Immunopharmaceuticals, M. Nunn Grant/Research
Support from: Volution Immunopharmaceuticals, Consultant for:
Volution Immunopharmaceuticals, W. Weston-Davies Consultant for:
Volution Immunopharmaceuticals, S. Machin Grant/Research Support from: Volution Immunopharmaceuticals.
OR155
Long-term gene therapy for thrombotic
thrombocytopenic purpura using the Sleeping Beauty
transposon system
Verhenne S1, Vandeputte N1, Pareyn I1, Izsvak Z2,
Rottensteiner H3, Deckmyn H1, De Meyer SF1 and
Vanhoorelbeke K1
1
Laboratory for Thrombosis Research, Ku Leuven Kulak, Kortrijk,
Belgium; 2Max Delbr
uck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin,
Germany; 3Baxter Innovations GmbH, Vienna, Austria
Background: Congenital deficiency of ADAMTS13 may cause the lifethreatening disease thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). The
current treatment of choice is plasma infusion. However, infusion of
plasma exposes patients to several risks.
Aims: To use the non-viral Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon system
to obtain long-term correction of TTP in Adamts13/ mice triggered
with recombinant human VWF (rhVWF).
Methods: Both the SB transposon and transposase (Tase)-expression
plasmids were hydrodynamically injected in Adamts13/ mice to
obtain stable murine (m) ADAMTS13 expression. Injection of the single SB transposon (no Tase) or 0.9% NaCl were used as controls.
Transgene mADAMTS13 present in plasma was measured using
ELISA and its proteolytic activity was assessed by analysis of the
VWF multimer pattern. Mice were challenged with rhVWF to trigger
TTP.
Results: Injection of both SB plasmids resulted in high, stable and

long-term expression of transgene mADAMTS13 [184 17%, n = 7,
25 weeks post injection (wpi)]. In contrast, when the single SB plasmid
(no Tase) was injected, mADAMTS13 expression was initially high
but transient as only low antigen levels were detected 25 wpi
(10 2%; n = 7). Interestingly, circulating high molecular weight
(HMW) VWF multimers were significantly reduced in mice expressing
high and stable mADAMTS13 levels (31.7 13% HMW; n = 4,
P < 0.001) but not in mice with low and transient levels (39.9 1.2%
HMW; n = 5; P = ns) at 25 wpi compared with Adamts13/ mice
(42.6 1.5% HMW; n = 5). Moreover, at 20 wpi stable expression
protected Adamts13/ mice from TTP as they did not develop severe
thrombocytopenia (581 35 9 103 PLT lL1; n = 7) after challenge
with rhVWF. In contrast, mice treated with only the transposon plasmid (no Tase: 216 37 9 103 PLT lL1; n = 7) or with 0.9% NaCl
(118 10 9 103 PLT lL1; n = 6) were not protected from TTP.
Conclusion: We successfully used the non-viral SB transposon system
to realize long-term expression of active transgene mADAMTS13 in
order to prevent the onset of TTP in Adamts13/ mice.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Verhenne: None declared, N. Vandeputte:
None declared, I. Pareyn: None declared, Z. Izsvak: None declared,
H. Rottensteiner Employee of: Baxter Innovations GmbH, H. Deckmyn: None declared, S. F. De Meyer: None declared, K. Vanhoorelbeke: None declared.
Pediatric Thrombosis
OR156
Childrens Hospital-Acquired Thrombosis database
(CHAT): a multi-institutional database for prospective
identification of independent risk factors
Branchford BR1, Jaffray J2, Mahajerin A3, Goldenberg NA4 and
Young G5
1
Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/Bone Marrow Transplant,
University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora; 2Pediatric
Hematology/Oncology/Bone Marrow Transplant, Childrens
Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck
School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA; 3Pediatric Hematology,
Chidrens Hospital Orange County Childrens Specialists,
University of California Irvine, Orange, CA; 4Pediatric
Hematology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and
All Childrens Research Institute, All Childrens Hospital Johns
Hopkins Medicine, St. Petersburg, FL; 5Pediatric Hematology/
Oncology/BMT, Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, University of
Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA,
USA
Background: Pediatric hospital-acquired venous thromboembolism
(HA-VTE) incidence is rising, but is low overall, requiring risk stratification to reduce unnecessary thromboprophylaxis exposure in low risk
patients. Large sample sizes are needed for prospective epidemiologic
studies, necessitating collaboration.
Aims: We formed the multi-institutional Childrens Hospital-Acquired
Thrombosis (CHAT) database to identify pertinent HA-VTE risk factors for future risk scoring.
Methods: This IRB-approved, retrospective chart review reveals HAVTE risk factors from patients aged 021 years with diagnosticallyvalidated VTE more than 48 h after hospital admission at 3 pediatric
hospitals from January, 2012 to December, 2014.
Results: Three hundred and twenty-one patient records were analyzed.
57% were male, with a median age of 4 years, though most were younger than 1 year (32%) or over 12 (33%). VTE locations included upper
(36%) and lower extremity (36%), jugular (9%), abdominal (6%),
cerebral sinus (6%), pulmonary (6%) and cardiac (4%). 70% of sub-
ABSTRACTS
jects had a central venous catheter (CVC) with anatomic/temporal
relation to the VTE: PICC (62%), Femoral (25%), IJ (8%), surgicallyimplanted (8%), or other (8%). 61% of subjects were admitted to a
pediatric, neonatal or cardiac intensive care unit. Common past medical history items were congenital heart disease (26%), cancer (19%
[leukemia/lymphoma 12%, solid tumor 7%]), metabolic disease (8%),
autoimmune conditions (6%), other (26%) and none (20%). Analysis
of association with various acute co-morbid conditions (surgery, infection, etc.) is ongoing.
Conclusion: These risk factors reveal increased prevalence of male sex,
infant or adolescent age, CVC, and ICU admission in HA-VTE cases,
and co-morbidities of infection/inflammation, congenital heart disease,
and cancer. Subsequent retrospective analysis will incorporate cases
and controls from 4 additional institutions to obtain odds ratios that
will inform a risk score and be subsequently prospectively validated in
a third group of hospitals.
OR157
Correlation between activated partial thromboplastin
time (APTT) and anti-FXa assay in children on
unfractionated heparin (UFH) therapy: an institutional
experience
Woods G1, Harrison S2, Texter K3, Stanek J4, Dunn A1, Kerlin B1
and Kumar R1
1
Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Nationwide
Childrens Hospital, The Ohio State University; 2QI Project
Specialist, Nationwide Childrens Hospital; 3Division of Pediatric
Cardiology, Nationwide Childrens Hospital, The Ohio State
University; 4Division of Biostatistics, Nationwide Childrens
Hospital, Columbus, USA
Background: The American College of Chest Physicians recommends
that a therapeutic APTT range in children should reflect an anti-FXa
level of 0.350.7 IU mL1. Recent studies have shown a poor correlation between APTT and anti-FXa assays in children receiving UFH
therapy.
Aims: A quality improvement (QI) initiative to retrospectively evaluate
the correlation between anti-FXa and APTT drawn simultaneously in
children receiving UFH at a single institution.
Methods: This QI project was deemed exempt by the Institutional
Review Board. All pediatric patients (aged 021 years.) on UFH who
had both APTT and anti-FXa assays drawn simultaneously over a
4 year period (20112014) were included. Patient data was collected
using the institutions electronic enterprise data warehouse. Anti-FXa
and APTT assays were performed on the STA-R Evolution Analyzer
using the STA-liquid Anti-FXa reagents and the STA-PTT reagent,
respectively. Standard statistical methods were used to summarize data
(mean [SD]). Spearman rank test (rs) was used to assess correlation.
Results: Between 2011 and 2014, 14,207 APTTs were performed at our
institution. Of these, there were 561 observations (42 distinct patients;
male:female 1:1) where APTT and anti-FXa assays were drawn simultaneously. Mean patient age at the time of laboratory draw was 3.9 (5.8)
yrs. We saw an increasing trend of anti-FXa levels being drawn with
APTT over the study duration (20 in 2011, 42 in 2012, 251 in 2013 and
248 in 2014). Weak correlation between APTT and anti-FXa assays was
noted for the entire study cohort (rs: 0.48). The correlation was weaker
for patients < 1 year than those 1 year (rs: 0.44 vs. 0.51) and was
weakest in the neonatal intensive care unit (ICU) (rs: 0.41) compared to
the pediatric ICU (rs: 0.53) and non-ICU patients (rs: 0.49).
Conclusion: We confirm that APTT is not a reliable predictor of antiFXa activity in children. Based on the above data, we are changing
our institutional UFH nomogram to an anti-FXa based guideline.
155
OR158
Age is main clinical risk factor for venous
thromboembolism within a large cohort of children
with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Lauw MN1,2, Klaassen IL3, Van de Wetering MD4, Van der
Sluis IM5, Pieters R6 and Heleen Van Ommen C7
1
Department of Vascular Medicine; 2Department of Hematology,
Academic Medical Center Amsterdam; 3Department of Pediatric
Hematology; 4Department of Pediatric Oncology, Emma
Childrens Hospital, Academic Medical Center Amsterdam,
Amsterdam; 5Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology,
Erasmus MC-Sophia Childrens Hospital, Rotterdam; 6Princess
Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht; 7Department of
Pediatric Hematology, Emma Childrens Hospital, Academic
Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is rare in children, but
relatively common in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
(ALL). Reported risk factors for VTE with ALL are asparaginase and
steroid treatment. However, within the ALL population, risk factors
for VTE are less clear.
Aims: To identify clinical risk factors for VTE in a large cohort of
pediatric ALL patients, using a nested casecontrol study.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed VTE events in 780 children with
newly diagnosed precursor-B lineage or T-lineage ALL in the ages of
118 years, treated in the Dutch Childhood Oncology Group (DCOG)
ALL-10 protocol in 6 Dutch pediatric cancer centers between October
2004 and April 2013. To identify clinical risk factors for VTE, a nested
casecontrol study was conducted (1:2; total n = 177).
Results: Fifty-nine of 780 children with ALL suffered from VTE
(7.6%). Events occurred during induction treatment in 35 patients
(59.3%) and during medium risk intensification in 24 (40.7%). 26 of
59 children (44.1%) experienced cerebral vein thrombosis (CVT), 12
(20.3%) deep-vein thrombosis of the leg, 3 (5.1%) pulmonary embolism, and 18 (30.5%) upper limb vein or catheter-related thrombosis.
A multivariate logistic regression analysis including age, sex, ALL subtype, ALL risk group and cerebral involvement of ALL showed that
only age was significantly associated with VTE (OR 1.2; 95% 1.11.3
with age as continuous variable; OR 3.0; 95% CI 1.56.1 with age < 7
or 7 years). An expanded analysis also including baseline leukocyte
and platelet count, baseline % of blasts in peripheral blood or bone
marrow, sepsis, and extramedullary disease did not alter this result. In
a subanalysis for CVT, age remained the only significant risk factor
for VTE (OR 1.2; 95% 1.11.3 with age as continuous variable; OR
3.1; 95% CI 1.27.8 with age < 7 or 7 years).
Conclusion: Within this large pediatric ALL cohort, older age at diagnosis was the main risk factor for VTE and CVT, and should be considered in preventive strategies.
OR159
Outcomes of lower limb deep vein thrombosis and
predictors of lower limb post-thrombotic syndrome in
pediatric patients
Avila ML, Gordanpour A, Said H, Rotz H, Williams S, Kahr W and
Brandao LR
Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
Background: Pediatric lower limb deep vein thrombosis (LL-DVT) can
lead to post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) and other adverse outcomes.
The characterization of pediatric LL-DVT is lacking.
Aims: To study the outcomes of LL-DVT in children.
Methods: Children who had one PTS assessment 6 months after
DVT diagnosis were included. PTS (main outcome) was determined
156
ABSTRACTS
by the Modified Villalta Scale. Three groups were compared: unprovoked DVT (G1), provoked DVT in neonates (G2A) and in non-neonates (G2B). Ethics approval was obtained.
Results: One hundred and sixty-five children (G1 n = 21/G2A n = 49/
G2B n = 95), M:F ratio: 1.1, median age [interquartile range (IQR)]:
G1 16.3 year (2.6 year), G2A 9 day (12 day), G2B 0.6 year (3.6 year)
were included. The most common underlying condition and risk factors were: G2A cardiac 63%, central venous line (CVL) 86%, G2B
cardiac 43%, CVL 87%. DVT treatment included: G1 anticoagulant
drugs (ACD) 76%, directed lysis 24%; G2A ACD 96%; G2B ACD
98%.
Outcomes:
-Recurrent DVT: G1 19%, G2A 0%, G2B 2%, P < .001
-Complete DVT resolution (end of treatment): G1 24%, G2A
31%, G2B 26%, P = .76
-DVT extension: G1 5%, G2A 2%, G2B 8%, P = .33
-Pulmonary embolism: G1 29%, G2A 0%, G2B 3%, P < .001
-PTS: At last f/u, PTS was seen in G1: 75% (mild 87%, moderate
13%); G2A 33% (mild 94%, moderate 6%); G2B 54% (mild 92%,
moderate 8%), P = .01. The highest scores seen throughout f/u
were: G1 12, G2A 4, G2B 5
PTS prediction model: Multivariable logistic regression showed that
only sex and age at DVT diagnosis were independent predictors of
PTS score 2, [odds ratio 2.4 (95% CI 1.15.2, P = .03) for males vs.
females, and 1.1 (95% CI 1.11.2, P < .001) for age in yrs]. Other predictors considered in univariable analysis were: group, treatment modality/duration/delay to start-, number of segments affected, degree
of occlusion, ilio-femoral involvement, end of treatment resolution,
DVT recurrence and extension.
Conclusion: Overall, CVL-related LL-DVT has more benign outcomes,
especially in younger patients. Pediatric LL-PTS frequency and severity depend on patients age and sex.
OR160
Diagnosis and management of venous
thromboembolism (VTE) in children: a prospective 22year registry from a single tertiary center in Argentina
Sciuccati G, Hepner M, Cervio C, Pieroni G, Annetta E, Torres AF,
Ponce NF, Frontroth J and Bonduel M
Laboratorio de Hemostasia y Trombosis Servicio de Hematologa
y Oncologa, Hospital de Pediatra Prof Dr Juan P Garrahan,
Buenos Aires, Argentina
Background: There has been a dramatic increase of VTE in children
related to medical progress in the management of critically and chronically ill patients(pt). Risk factors, imaging, thrombophilia(TB), antithrombotic therapy(AtT) and complications have been the subject of
research in the last 25 years.
Aims: To describe diagnosis and management of a pediatric prospective cohort with VTE registered during 22 years at a single tertiary
center.
Methods: From May 1992 to Apr 2014, consecutive children
< 18 years of age with objectively confirmed VTE were prospectively
registered. Demographic and clinical data, family history of VTE,
imaging, TB, AtT and outcomes were recorded. Neonates and pt with
cerebral or organ specific VTE were excluded.
Results: 914pt were recruited, 525 males (57%), median age (range):
2 years (0.118). One or more risk factors were found in 909pt (99%),
58% also had catheters. Lower/upper/both venous systems were
involved in 590pt (65%)/279pt (31%)/45pt (4%). Family history of
VTE: 45pt (5%).
434pt (48%) were available for TB. Prothrombotic disorders were
found in 120pt (28%): inherited disorders in 61pt (FVL:24,
PT20210A:18; deficiency of PC:10, PS:7 and AT:2) and acquired disor-
ders in 59pt (AT deficiency: 29; persistently positive APA: 30). Seven
pt (1.6%) had combined disorders. The AtT used was: UFH: 93pt; enoxaparin 809pt, VKA:675pt, tPA:28pt, vena cava filters, 6pt. The
duration of the AtT was based on the persistence of risk factors and
thrombophilia.
Recurrence or death related to VTE occurred in 11pt (1.2%) and 2pt
(0.21%), respectively. Six pt (0.7%) receiving enoxaparin had major
bleeding. Post-thrombotic syndrome was assessed in 325pt, 52
(16%) were severe.
Conclusion: This is the largest prospective cohort reported of pediatric
VTE with long-term follow-up. Close management by specialized professionals of in and out-patients has allowed to achieve excellent
results concerning short and long-term outcomes. Multicenter RCT
are required to obtain stronger evidence-based recommendations on
different aspects of VTE.
Factor VIII II
OR161
Hematopoietic cells a novel target for hemophilia A
cell therapy
Zanolini D1, Merlin S1, Stevano A1, Zaffaroni M2, Valente G3,
Prat M1 and Follenzi A1
1
Health Sciences, Universit
a Del Piemonte Orientale; 2Azienda
Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carit
a, SCDU Pediatria;
3
Translational Medicine, Universit
a del Piemonte Orientale,
Novara, Italy
Background: Identification of cells capable of synthesizing and releasing factor (F) VIII is critical for developing therapeutic approaches in
hemophilia A (HA). Endothelial cells (EC), particularly liver sinusoidal EC, express FVIII most in the body. However, recent studies of
bone marrow (BM) transplantation suggested additional cell types
could synthesize and release FVIII, correcting bleeding phenotype in
HA mice.
Aims: To establish the ability of murine and human hematopoietic
cells (HCs) to express FVIII.
Methods: Monocytes were obtained by adhesion from peripheral
blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and then differentiated in macrophages or dendritic cells (DC) by adding M-CSF or GM-CSF and
Flt3-L to medium, respectively. Megakaryocytes (MK) were differentiated from cord blood (CB) CD34 + cells through IL-6, IL-11, TPO
stimulation. For xenotransplantation, 36 9 105 CD34+ cells were
transplanted by tail vein injection in busulfan conditioned NODSCID-cNull-HA mice (NSG-HA). FVIII activity was evaluated by
aPTT 12 weeks after injection.
Results: By immunostaining FVIII was present in HCs isolated from
PBMC, BM and CB. The identity of these cell types was verified by costaining for FVIII and markers for monocytes, macrophages, DC and
MK. Moreover, FVIII expression was verified by RT-PCR. We
detected FVIII expression in mononuclear cells or EC in other organs,
e.g., spleen, lungs and kidneys. Finally, we performed transplantation
studies in NSG-HA mice with CD34 + cells from hCB. FACS analysis showed engraftment higher than 40% in mice up to 3 months later.
aPTT performed on plasma of treated mice showed FVIII levels 25%
of normal, sufficient to ameliorate the bleeding phenotype; indeed 8
out 12 mice survived to tail clip assay. Similar results were obtained in
short term experiments (1w) injecting hCD11b+ cells in NSG-HA
mice.
Conclusion: Besides EC, FVIII is expressed in HCs, offering further
opportunities for understanding mechanisms in FVIII synthesis and
replenishment.
ABSTRACTS
OR162
Relations between factor activity level and joint
bleeding in a large cohort of males with mild and
moderate hemophilia in the United States
Soucie M1, Monahan PE2, Mazepa M2, Kulkarni R3, Konkle BA4
and on behalf of U.S. Hemophilia Treatment Center Network
1
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta; 2University
of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; 3Michigan State University, East
Lansing; 4Puget Sound Blood Center, Seattle, USA
Background: The availability of longer acting treatment products
raises the possibility of maintaining higher trough factor activity (FA)
levels in prophylaxis to further decrease bleeding. Data are needed on
target trough levels and possible differences in these targets by hemophilia type.
Aims: To assess joint bleeding according to FA level using longitudinal
data collected on males with moderate or mild hemophilia receiving
episodic care only.
Methods: Data were collected from annual clinic visits over a 12-year
period from participants of a surveillance system established in the US
HTCN. All patients or parents gave informed consent. Data on baseline FA level, age, race, health insurance, body mass index and hemophilia type (HA vs. HB) were obtained from the clinic record. The
number of joint bleeds in the previous 6 months was obtained at each
visit from bleed logs or patient/parent recall. Patients with inhibitors
were excluded. Data from all visits were used in regression models to
evaluate associations between FA and bleed rates.
Results: During the study period, data were collected on 4771 patients
(3315 HA; 1456 HB) from a total of 19,979 clinic visits (mean 4.2 visits/patient). Patient age ranged from 2 to 91 years (mean 22.7, median
16 years) and baseline FA level ranged from 1% to 49% with a mean
of 9.4%. The overall mean number of joint bleeds per patient was 1.2
bleeds per 6 months and was greater for patients with HA than for
those with HB after adjustment for FA level (1.4 vs. 0.7 bleeds;
P < 0.001). After adjustment for all of the studied variables, joint
bleeding rates were significantly greater for patients with HA than for
patients with HB. The regression models predicted 1.4 bleeds/year for
HA patients and 0.6 bleeds/year for HB patients at a FA level of 15%.
Conclusion: Joint bleed rates for any given FA level were higher among
HA than HB patients and target FA levels of 15% are unlikely to prevent all joint bleeding in US hemophilia patients.
OR163
Characterization of interactive sites of activated
coagulation factor VIII and low-density lipoprotein
receptor-related protein 1
Kurasawa JH, Shestopal SA, Lee TK and Sarafanov AG
CBER, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, USA
Background: Clearance of blood coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) was
shown to involve the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1
(LRP) (Saenko E. et al, 1999; Bovenschen N. et al, 2005). In LRP, the
ligand-binding moiety is represented by complement-type repeats
(CRs) grouped in clusters II, III and IV. In purified system, FVIII and
its light chain (LCh) were found to interact with specific CRs of clusters II and IV (Meijer A. et al, 2007). Recently, we showed that LRP is
involved in clearance of the activated form of FVIII (FVIIIa). We
found that FVIIIa and its heterodimer (HDa, comprising the LCh),
bind LRP cluster III, and identified the clusters specific CRs responsible for the binding (Kurasawa J. et al, 2014). In present work, we further characterized the interaction of FVIIIa and LRP.
Aims: Identify all LRP CRs responsible for binding FVIIIa and the
interactive site on FVIIIa.
157
Methods: LRP fragments were expressed in a baculovirus system and

tested for binding FVIII, FVIIIa and HDa using surface plasmon resonance. Specificity of the interactions was tested by site-directed mutagenesis of the LRP fragments and in a competitive binding assay using
an anti-FVIII antibody fragment, specific to FVIII LCh.
Results: LRP clusters II and IV were found to interact with FVIII,
FVIIIa and HDa. As a minimal binding site of LRP for its ligands is
formed by a CR doublet (Fisher C. et al, 2006), a set of doublets that
systematically overlap clusters II and IV was generated and tested with
the FVIII fragments. The interactions specificity was confirmed in a
competitive binding assay and the mutagenic study. We found that
CRs 34 and 59 of cluster II, and CRs 2426 and 2829 of cluster IV
form the binding sites for all FVIII fragments.
Conclusion: In LRP clusters II and IV, specific CRs to bind FVIIIa
were identified. The interactive site of FVIIIa was found to involve its
HDa. These results finalize mapping of LRP CRs responsible for the
binding of FVIII and FVIIIa.
OR164
AccuCopy quantification combined with preamplification of long-distance PCR for fast genotyping
of int22 h-related inversions in haemophia A
Liang Q1, Ding Q1, Wu X1, Jiang Z2 and Wang X1
1
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai
Jiaotong University School of Medicine; 2Genesky
Biotechnologies Inc., Shanghai, China
Background: Int22 h-related inversions (Inv22) were found in almost
one half of patients with severe haemophia A (HA). Both LD-PCR
and IS-PCR methods are used in the laboratories worldwide to detect
all types of Inv22. However, a new approach for Inv22 analysis based
on advanced techniques should be particularly desirable.
Aims: The aim of this study is to develop a novel method to identify all
known types of Inv22 and the carrier mosaicisms.
Methods: A genotyping test with two multiple LD-PCR is designed to
detect Inv22. AccuCopy technique is used to quantify the products of
pre-amplification of LD-PCR (AQ-PLP) with 12 or 16 cycles. A carrier mosaicism test is designed to only amplify the Inv22 allele rather
than the wild-type int22 h allele. For validation of the new method for
Inv22 genotyping, 50 pedigrees with severe HA previously analyzed by
LD-PCR were detected by AQ-PLP.
Results: The patterns of PCR products in the genotyping test can diagnose and distinguish all known types of Inv22. AccuCopy detection is
sensitive enough to represent the patterns of PLP products. The limit
of detection (LOD) of AQ-PLP is 0.2% for female carrier mosaicisms.
Consistent results were obtained in the 50 pedigrees between the AQPLP and LD-PCR.
Conclusion: The AQ-PLP is confirmed to be a rapid, reliable and automatic method for identification of all known types of Inv22, and is sensitive for carrier mosaicism detection. It could be a first choice for
genetic counselling in severe HA patients.
158
ABSTRACTS
OR165
In vivo studies of efficacy and potential
immunogenicity of human factor VIII pace-furin
deletion variants
Nguyen GN1,2, Greene LA1,2, Davidson RJ2 and Sabatino DE1,2,3
1
Division of Hematology; 2Center for Cellular and Molecular
Therapeutics, The Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia; 3Perelman
School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia,
USA
Background: During intracellular processing B-domain deleted human
factor VIII (hFVIII) is predominantly cleaved at a Paired basic Amino
acid Cleaving Enzyme-Furin (PF) site (1645-RHQR-1648) to yield two
polypeptide chains that are secreted as a heterodimer.
Aims: Based on studies of R1645H, we hypothesized that deletion(s) of
the PF site may have higher biological activity without increased
immunogenicity.
Methods: A series of hFVIII-PF deletion variants were purified (D45,
D1645-6(D2), D1645-7(D3), D1645-8(D4), or D48) or introduced into
AAV8-hFVIII to assess hemostatic efficacy.
Results: In vitro these PF variants were secreted mostly as single chain
with 2-fold higher activity than hFVIII in 2-stage aPTT. Before tail
clip assay hemophilia A (HA) mice were infused with protein
(10 lg kg1). Blood loss after infusion of D3 (77 lL) and D4 (50 lL)
was similar to wild type mice (68 lL) and was significantly reduced
compared to hFVIII (180 lL) and PBS (393 lL). Upon delivery of
AAV8-hFVIII-PF in HA mice, D45, D3, and D4 showed a 24 fold
increase in protein expression compared to hFVIII. To determine if
these variants may break tolerance to hFVIII, we delivered the AAV8hFVIII-PF variants to HA/phFVIII transgenic mice that express
hFVIII in platelets and are tolerant to hFVIII. No anti-hFVIII IgG
were detected after AAV while injection of AAV-canine FVIII
(cFVIII) induced anti-cFVIII IgG. Upon challenge of these AAV-treated HA/phFVIII mice with the respective variant protein (5 lg) in
Complete Freunds adjuvant (CFA) at 20 weeks post vector administration, mice injected with cFVIII had anti-cFVIII IgG (63 lg mL1)
while all hFVIII-PF variants had anti-hFVIII IgG levels similar to
hFVIII protein (2 lg mL1). When untreated HA/phFVIII mice were
challenged with 5 lg of variant protein in CFA, none of the variants
broke tolerance.
Conclusion: These data suggest that hFVIII-PF variants have
enhanced hemostatic function both in vitro and in vivo, while are not
more immunogenic than hFVIII. (Supported by Pfizer ASPIRE
Award).
Disclosure of Interest: G. Nguyen: None declared, L. Greene: None
declared, R. Davidson: None declared, D. Sabatino Grant/Research
Support from: Pfizer.
Inflammation
OR166
Platelet factor 4 regulates B cell differentiation
Morrell C1, Field DJ2 and Ture S2
1
Aab CVRI; 2University of Rochester, Rochester, USA
Background: Platelets are not only the cellular mediator of thrombosis,
but platelets are also the most numerous blood cells with immune regulatory functions. We have shown that platelets have an important
role in acquired immune development and responses, including a central role for platelets in T-helper cell homeostasis. This is in large part
mediated by the chemokine platelet factor 4 (PF4). We have now
found that PF4 is needed for B cell maturation in the bone marrow
compartment.
Aims: Our studies demonstrate a major role for PF4 in B cell differentiation and maturation in the bone marrow.
Methods: These studies utilize wild-type (WT) and PF4 deficient

(PF4/) mice to determine the role of PF4 in B cell differentiation.
Bone marrow was isolated from mice and B cell precursors enumerated by flow cytometry. B cell differentiation was examined in vitro
using hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) isolated from mice. B cell
responses were determined by ovalbumin (OVA) immunization.
Results: PF4/ mice have approximately 50% fewer B cells compared
to WT mice both in the spleen and bone marrow. PF4/ mice have
slightly more bone marrow HSCs and equal numbers of common lymphoid progenitor (CLP) cells compared to WT mice. However, beginning at a very early Pre-Pro-B cell stage, PF4/ mice have
significantly fewer B cell progenitors. STAT5 phosphorylation (PSTAT5) is needed for early B cell differentiation and marrow B cells
from PF4/ mice have less P-STAT5 that is normalized to WT status
by incubation with recombinant PF4 (rPF4). Differentiation of HSC
into B cells in vitro is reduced by PF4 blocking and increased by addition of rPF4. Finally, WT mice have increased B cell and plasma
immunoglobulin responses to ovalbumin challenge compared to
PF4/ mice.
Conclusion: Together our data demonstrates that PF4 increases B cell
differentiation in the bone marrow compartment beginning at the
early post-CLP stage by increasing STAT5 activation.
OR167
Extracellular RNA induces venous thrombosis through
TLR3
Lemarie CA, Sidhu M, Angela LN, Laurance S, Bertin F-R and
Blostein MD
Medicine, Lady Davis Institute, Montreal, Canada
Background: Vascular and circulating cells sense pathologic ligands
in the circulation via toll-like receptors (TLRs) and translate signals
into a pro-thrombotic state possibly leading to venous thrombosis.
More specifically, TLR3 recognizes self-molecules, such as extracellular RNA (eRNA), generated during tissue damage and inflammation.
Aims: We hypothesize that eRNA and TLR3 are involved in the development of venous thrombosis after vessel injury.
Methods: The ferric chloride (FeCl3) model was used to induce thrombosis. WT or TLR3 deficient (/) mice received an intravenous injection of either vehicle, a specific fluorescent probe for RNA (Syto RNA
Select), RNase1, poly(I:C) or RNA extracted from murine endothelial
cells (eRNA) prior to thrombosis induction.
Results: Injection of RNase1 decreased the size of thrombi after FeCl3induced inferior vena cava injury (IVC) compared to mice treated with
vehicle control. Using Syto RNA Select, we found that FeCl3 induced
RNA release and increased RNA content of thrombi of WT mice. In
WT mice, but not TLR3/ mice, thrombus size was increased by
eRNA or poly(I:C). Poly(I:C) treatment was associated with a recruitment of neutrophils to thrombi of WT but not TLR3/ mice. More
importantly, poly(I:C) induced NET formation within thrombi of WT
but not TLR3/ mice. Injection of eRNA also promoted the recruitment of neutrophils in WT but not TLR3/ mice. In vitro, eRNA
induced the expression of CXCL5, a murine isoform of human IL-8,
in WT but not TLR3/ endothelial cells. Conditioned media from
HUVEC transfected with control siRNA and treated with poly(I:C)
induced neutrophil migration. Transfection with a TLR3 siRNA
blocked neutrophil migration. Co-incubation of conditioned media
with an IL-8 receptor (CXCR2) antagonist inhibited neutrophil migration.
Conclusion: These results suggest that eRNA and TLR3 participate in
thrombus formation, in part, by inducing IL-8 expression from endothelial cells leading to the recruitment of neutrophils during venous
thrombosis.
ABSTRACTS
OR168
Circulating histones disturb intracellular calcium
homeostasis and cause calcium overload to induce
cardiovascular abnormalities in sepsis
Alhamdi Y1, Abrams ST1, Zi M2, Welters I3, Cartwright EJ2,
Wang G1 and Toh C-H1,4
1
Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, University of
Liverpool, Institute of Infection and Global Health, Liverpool;
2
University of Manchester, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences,
Manchester; 3University of Liverpool, Institute of Aging and
Chronic Disease; 4Roald Dahl Haemostasis & Thrombosis Centre,
Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, UK
Background: Cardiac complications during severe sepsis are common
and frequently lethal but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive.
Recent discovery of the cytotoxicity of extracellular histones suggests
that this mechanism might be relevant.
Aims: To investigate whether circulating histones contribute to sepsisinduced myocardial injury and dysfunction.
Methods: In vitro model of cultured cardiomyocytes. Histones intravenous infusion into mice and septic peritonitis mouse model (intraperitoneal injection of E. coli). A cohort of 65 severely septic patients and
27 healthy volunteers (control group).
Results: We demonstrate that histones bind to cardiomyocyte membrane to induce profound calcium influx. The consequent calcium
overload activated adverse signaling pathways including the protein
kinase Ca-cardiac troponin I axis with detrimental effects on contraction force and rhythm. In vivo, injecting histones into mice caused significant increases in circulating cardiac troponins and left ventricular
(LV) dysfunction with arrhythmias, including atrio-ventricular (AV)
blocks and ectopic beats. In a mouse model of septic peritonitis, high
circulating histone levels were observed and linearly correlated with
circulating cardiac troponins (r = 0.655, P < 0.001). LV depression
and arrhythmias including AV blocks were also identified. In both
mouse models, cardiac complications were alleviated by anti-histone
antibodies. Of clinical relevance is that in 65 patients with severe sepsis, circulating histone levels were significantly elevated and linearly
correlated to cardiac troponins (r = 0.585, P < 0.001), noradrenaline
doses to achieve haemodynamic stability (r = 0.455, P < 0.001) and
mortality (P = 0.008). Furthermore, patients sera directly induced histone-specific cardiomyocyte death ex vivo, which was abrogated by
anti-histone antibodies.
Conclusion: These findings demonstrate a novel mechanism of sepsisinduced cardiomyopathy mediated by circulating histones which could
be potentially targeted by anti-histone intervention.
OR169
Platelet granule release is crucial for vascular integrity
in the ischemic brain but not in the inflamed skin or
lung
Deppermann C1, Kraft P2, Wolf K1, Nurden P3, Stoll G2,
Stegner D1 and Nieswandt B1
1
Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital
and Rudolf Virchow Center; 2Department of Neurology,
rzburg, Wu
rzburg, Germany; 3Plateforme
University of Wu
^pital Xavier
Technologique et dInnovation Biom
edicale, Ho
Arnozan, Pessac, France
Background: Recent studies have shown that platelets prevent inflammatory bleeding through (hem) ITAM-dependent mechanisms independently of aggregation and thrombus formation. While the exact
mechanisms underlying this process remain unknown, it was specu-
159
lated that mediators released from platelet granules might play an

important role.
Aims: We aimed to investigate the role of platelet granule release in
maintaining vascular integrity in the course of inflammation in different organs.
Methods: Mice deficient for both Nbeal2 and Munc13-4 were generated and subjected to in vivo models of inflammation (inflammation of
the skin/lung tissue: reverse passive Arthus reaction and LPS-triggered
lung inflammation; thrombo-inflammation of the brain following
ischemic stroke) and vascular integrity was assessed.
Results: Platelets from mice deficient for both Nbeal2 and Munc13-4
lack alpha-granules and are unable to secrete their dense granule content. These platelets showed impaired aggregation and adhesion to collagen under flow ex vivo, which translated into infinite tail bleeding
times and severely defective arterial thrombus formation in vivo.
When subjected to in vivo models of skin or lung inflammation, the
double mutant mice showed no signs of hemorrhage. In contrast, however, lack of platelet granule release resulted in impaired vascular
integrity in the ischemic brain following transient middle cerebral
artery occlusion (tMCAO) leading to increased mortality. The survivors, however, displayed reduced infarct sizes and better neurological
outcomes.
Conclusion: Our data shows that deficiency in both major platelet
granule types results in impaired vascular integrity in the course of
thrombo-inflammatory brain infarction but not experimental inflammation of the skin or lung. This indicates that the mechanisms by
which platelets maintain vascular integrity under conditions of acute
inflammation differ between organs.
OR170
Dual action of platelets and glycoprotein-VI in immune
complex-mediated inflammation
le Gros A1, Lamrani L1, Ollivier V1, Syvannarath V1, Loyau S1,
Goerge T2,3, Nieswandt B4, Jandrot-Perrus M1 and Ho-Tin-No
e B1
1
UMRS 1148 -Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science,
Bichat Hospital, Inserm-University Paris Diderot, Paris, France;
2
Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF), University
nster; 3Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of
of Mu
M
unster, M
unster; 4Department of Vascular Medicine, University
rzburg, Germany
Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, Wu
Background: Platelets maintain vascular integrity during inflammation. Evidence suggests that this protective function is independent of
thrombus formation and involves platelet immunoreceptor tyrosine
activation motif signalling. However, it remains unclear how platelets
prevent inflammatory bleeding. Our hypothesis is that platelets could
dampen or repair neutrophil-inflicted vascular damage.
Aims: Our objective was to determine how platelets and glycoprotein
VI (GPVI) contribute to maintain vascular integrity during inflammation.
Methods: In models of immune complex (IC)-mediated inflammation
combined with immunodepletion of platelets and/or neutrophils in
wild-type and/or GPVI deficient mice, we investigated the contribution
of platelets to the regulation of neutrophil recruitment, infiltration,
and injurious activities. Also, using intravital microscopy, we analyzed
the contribution of GPVI to platelet recruitment and the interactions
between platelets and neutrophils at the reaction site.
Results: Depletion of neutrophils prevented skin bleeding observed in
thrombocytopenic and GPVI-deficient mice subjected to dermatitis,
indicating that platelets counter the deleterious effect of neutrophils.
However, during dermatitis and peritonitis, neutrophil infiltration,
degranulation, and oxidative stress were reduced in GPVI-deficient
and thrombocytopenic mice as compared to wild-type mice. Intravital
microscopy revealed that in inflamed vessels, platelets interact directly
160
ABSTRACTS
with both neutrophils and the vascular wall. Furthermore, during ICmediated dermatitis, intravascular binding sites for GPVI were
exposed by neutrophils, and GPVI supported the recruitment of platelets to these spots.
Conclusion: Our results indicate that platelets and GPVI play a dual
role in inflammation by enhancing neutrophil recruitment and damaging activities while ensuring sealing of neutrophil-inflicted vascular
injury through GPVI-dependent binding of single platelets.
Microparticles I
OR171
The role of breast cancer cell microvesicles in
thrombogenicity, angiogenesis and apoptosis
following chemotherapy
Aharon A1,2, Barsela G2,3, Loven D4 and Brenner B1,2
1
Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation,
Rambam Health Care Campus; 2Bruce Rappaport Faculty of
Medicine, Technion; 3Oncology, Rambam Health Care Campus,
Haifa, Israel, Haifa; 4Oncology, Haemek Medical Center, Afula,
Israel
Background: Chemotherapy administration is associated with
increased shedding of microvesicles (MVs) that are involved in thrombosis and metastasis.
Aims: Characterization of MVs obtained from breast cancer (BC)
patients and from human BC cell lines prior to and post exposure to
chemotherapy, and evaluation of MV effects on BC cell lines and
endothelial cells (EC).
Methods: Twenty one pre-surgery and post-surgery BC patients
received chemotherapy with 4 cycles of adriamycin and cyclophosphamide (AC) plus 12 weekly doses of paclitaxel. Blood samples were
taken at 5 time points: before and 24 h after the 1st AC; before and
24 h after the 1st dose of paclitaxel and before the last dose of paclitaxel. MV cell origin (FACS), protein content (protein array) and
thrombogenicity (FACS, FXa chromogenic assay) were analyzed.
MVs were isolated from BC cell lines after exposure to chemotherapy
and their thrombogenic, migration and apoptotic effects on EC and
BC cell lines were assessed.
Results: The BC marker, EPCAM, was found at higher levels (715%)
in MVs of pre-surgery patients compared to post-surgery patients
(< 2%). The TF/TFPI ratio was higher (> 4) in MVs obtained prior to
surgery compared to those isolated post-surgery (< 1). In both groups,
the MV TF/TFPI ratio significantly increased (> 10) following chemotherapy administration. Similar results were obtained in coagulation
activity assay. Patient MVs induced EC proliferation and thrombogenicity. MVs of BC- cell lines obtained after high-dose chemotherapy
presented a > 5-fold increase in procoagulant activity compared to
MVs isolated after low-dose chemotherapy. BC-MVs adhered to EC
and penetrated into the cells. Unlike untreated cells, BC-MVs
increased EC thrombogenicity and apoptosis.
Conclusion: MVs of BC patients could serve as potential markers of
disease status and efficacy of therapeutic modalities. Increased
thrombogenicity of MVs may indicate the need for thromboprophylaxis after chemotherapy.
OR172
Circulating microparticles in deficiency of the natural
anticoagulants
Campello E1, Spiezia L1, Radu CM1, Bulato C1, Gavasso S1,
Tormene D1, Woodhams B2 and Simioni P1
1
2
Background: We have recently showed that high levels of circulating
microparticles (MP) were significantly associated with increased risk
of VTE in factor V Leiden (FVL) and prothrombin gene mutation
(PTM) carriers, suggesting a possible contribution of MP in triggering
the global prothrombotic state found in mild genetic thrombophilia.
Aims: To further elucidate the prothrombotic state linked to genetic
thrombophilia, we extended this study to carriers of natural anticoagulants deficiency states [severe thrombophilia antithrombin (AT), protein C (PC) and protein S (PS) defect].
Methods: The plasma level of annexin V-MP, endothelial-derived MP
(EMP), platelet-derived MP (PMP), tissue factor-bearing MP (TF+)
and the MP procoagulant activity (PPL) was measured in 132 carriers
of natural anticoagulant deficiencies (25 AT, 63 PC 64 PS defects) and
in 132 age and gender-matched healthy individuals.
Results: Carriers of natural anticoagulants deficiencies had higher
median levels of annexin V-MP, EMP, PMP, TF+MP and PPL activity than healthy controls (P < 0.001, < 0.001, < 0.01, 0.025 and 0.03,
respectively). The carriers of AT and PC defects had significantly
higher levels of annexin V-MP, EMP and PMP than controls. Carriers
of PS defects had significantly higher levels of annexin V-MP, EMP
and TF+MP than controls. The carriers with high levels of annexin VMP, EMP and PMP had an adjusted OR for VTE of 3.36 (95% CI,
1.597.11), 9.26 (95% CI, 3.5524.1) and 2.72 (95%CI, 1.166.38),
respectively.
Conclusion: We showed higher levels of MP in AT, PC and PS defects
compared to controls. We confirm a role of circulating MP in the
development of VTE in severe hereditary thrombophilia, possibly by a
mechanism of endothelial dysfunction (the highest OR for VTE was
seen in EMP). Further studies are needed to better define the role of
MP as triggering factors for the thrombotic complications characterizing hereditary thrombophilic defects.
Disclosure of Interest: E. Campello: None declared, L. Spiezia: None
declared, C. Radu: None declared, C. Bulato: None declared, S. Gavasso: None declared, D. Tormene: None declared, B. Woodhams
Shareholder of: Haemacon Ltd, P. Simioni: None declared.
OR173
Cellular microparticles as predictive markers for
thrombosis and other clinical events in patients with
implanted LVADs
Walenga JM1, Menapace B1, Jeske W1, Coglianese E2,
Escalante V1, Kumar E1, Schwartz J1, Heroux A2 and Bakhos M1
1
Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery; 2Cardiology Heart
Failure, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, USA
Background: Current methods that identify left ventricular assist
device (LVAD)-associated adverse events have low sensitivity hindering early prediction and timely clinical intervention. Microparticles
(MP), formed upon cellular activation or exposure to altered shear
stress, may mediate hemostatic or inflammatory alterations.
Aims: To determine whether changes in blood MP levels are observed
prior to the occurrence of adverse events in LVAD patients.
Methods: Blood samples collected peri-operatively and during post-op
clinic visits from patients implanted with a HeartMate II LVAD (Thoratec) were centrifuged to platelet poor plasma and then ultracentrifuged to pellet the MP. MP rich samples were stained with a
ABSTRACTS
membrane dye and either: CD41 (platelets), CD45 (WBC), CD146
(endothelium) or CD235 (RBC) then analyzed by flow cytometry. Six
healthy individuals served to establish normal MP levels.
Results: From 21 patients studied, thrombosis (confirmed or suspected
based on elevated LDH) occurred 9 times in 7 patients (mean
155 111 days post-implant; range 34350 days). Months prior to
the diagnosis of thrombus, elevated CD41 + (26 SD above normal),
CD45+ (35 SD) and CD146+ (58 SD) MP were observed. CD41+
(36 SD), CD45+ (25 SD), CD146+ (18 SD) and CD235+ (25 SD)
MP were increased 2 months prior to LDH elevation. Elevations > 6
SD above normal in all MP were noted in one patient 3 days prior to
hemolysis, but were not observed in a separate patients sample collected 43 days prior to hemolysis. All patients had MP within 1 SD of
normal for the first 2 months following implant; patients without
events remained within or near normal range.
Conclusion: Quantitation of MP may be useful to identify thrombosis
in patients with implanted LVADs in a timely manner (hemolysis and
bleeding events may not be as clearly associated with sustained elevations of MP) allowing for early intervention and correction. Further
evaluation of MP in a larger population is warranted.
OR174
Analysis of exosome-like membrane microparticles
released from TRAP-activated platelets
De Paoli SH, Tegegn TZ, Strader M, Tarandovskiy I, Orecna M,
Elhelu O, Ovanesov MV, Alayash A and Simak J
Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug
Administration, Silver Spring, USA
Background: Elevated counts of platelet membrane microparticles
(PMPs) in circulation are associated with various diseases. PMPs are
also released from platelets (PLTs) during processing and storage of
PLT transfusion products.
Aims: To characterize different populations of PMPs released from
TRAP-activated PLTs.
Methods: Flow cytometry (FC), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA),
confocal microscopy (CM), electron microscopy (SEM and TEM),
and atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used. Proteome and lipid
composition were analyzed by mass spectrometry (MS) and thrombin
generation (TG) activity of PMPs was assayed.
Results: CM showed that PMPs were formed in TRAP-activated PLTs
from both plasma as well as internal membranes; the mitotracker
labeling detected mitochondria within PMP populations. NTA showed
that PMP sizes range from 80 nm to 700 nm. The larger PMPs
(PMV20) were sedimented at 20,000 9 g followed by 100,000 9 g
centrifugation for isolation of exosome-like PMPs (PMV100); PMP20
and PMP100 contained 61% and 94% of PMPs < 300 nm, respectively. Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylserine (PS)
content in PMP100 was approximately twice higher than in PMP20;
the cholesterol ester (CE)/phospholipid ratio was 2.7 times higher in
PMP100 compared to PMP20. Proteome analysis revealed the presence of PLT marker CD41 and exosome markers CD9 and Hsp70 in
both PMP20 and PMP100. Both PMP populations were pro-coagulant in vitro; TG activity (thrombin peak height 109 PMPs) was 1.8
times higher for PMP20 compared to PMP100.
Conclusion: Activated PLTs release heterogeneous populations of
PMPs differing in size, protein and phospholipid composition. TG
activity of PMPs was observed, including small exosome-like PMP
population, rich in PS. Analysis of exosome-like PMPs requires high
resolution methods, such as NTA, AFM, and TEM. These findings
and conclusions have not been formally disseminated by FDA and
should not be construed to represent any Agency determination or
policy.
161
OR175
Peptidyl-prolyl isomerase 1 (PIN1) preserves the
phosphorylation state of tissue factor and prolongs the
release of TF within microvesicles
Ettelaie C1, Maraveyas A2 and Collier ME3
1
School of Biological, Biomedical and Environmental Sciences,
Universtity of Hull; 2Division of Cancer, Hull York Medical
School, Hull; 3Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University
of Leicester, Leicester, UK
Background: Control of the surface activity and release of tissue factor
(TF) is critical for correct haemostasis. The exposure and release of
TF is regulated by post-translational modifications of its cytoplasmic
domain and particularly the phosphorylation of serine residues 253
and 258. Double-phosphorylation of TF generates a possible binding
site for the enzyme peptidyl-prolyl isomerase 1 (Pin1).
Aims: To examine the potential of Pin1 to interact with the cytoplasmic domain of TF and explore the outcome on TF function.
Methods: MDA-MB-231 cells were incubated with Pin1 inhibitor Juglone, or its analogue control Plumbagin. Furthermore, Pin1 expression
was suppressed using specific siRNA to Pin1. TF release into microvesicles as well as the phosphorylation state of cellular TF was assessed
following cell activation. Finally, the ability of an HRP-conjugated
recombinant Pin1 to bind to peptides of the C-terminus of TF, synthesised in non-phosphorylated, single-phosphorylated and doublephosphorylated forms was examined by binding assays, as well as
spectroscopically using pNA-labelled peptides, and the relative dissociation constants (Kd) determined.
Results: Inhibition of Pin1 using Juglone, or siRNA-mediated suppression of Pin1 expression resulted in the early dephosphorylation of TF
at serine 253 and premature termination of TF release as microvesicles
compared to cells pre-incubated with Plumbagin, cells transfected with
control siRNA or untreated cells. Recombinant Pin1 was able to interact with both 258-phosphorylated and double-phosphorylated TF
peptides with high affinities, while exhibiting lowest affinity for the
253-phosphorylated peptide.
Conclusion: Pin1 is a fast-acting enzyme which is utilised by cells to
protect the phosphorylation state of TF in activated cells. This in turn
prevents the premature termination of TF activity and release and
therefore regulates blood coagulation ensuring adequate haemostasis.
Rare Platelet Disorders

OR176
Diagnosis of inherited bleeding, thrombotic and
platelet diseases by next generation sequencing
Simeoni I and on behalf of the SSC in Thrombosis and
Haemostasis
Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
Background: Most monogenic inherited bleeding, thrombotic and
platelet disorders (BTPD) except Haemophilia and von Willebrands
diseases are extremely rare. Reaching a conclusive laboratory diagnosis remains challenging in the routine health care settings. Next generation sequencing (NGS) will change their laboratory diagnosis bringing
benefits to patient care.
Aims: We aim to deliver an NGS platform and a robust bioinformatics
analysis pipeline for cheaper, faster and more accurate diagnosis for
the above group of patients. To achieve good sensitivity and specificity
we continue to develop and maintain a stable and sustainable freely
accessible database with pertinent findings to support the generation
of clinic reports based on NGS results.
Methods: An NGS platform was developed to pull down exons, UTRs
and the 1500 bp upstream region of nearly 100 genes known to be
162
ABSTRACTS
causative of BTPD. Gene-specific knowledge was provided by experts

and combined with accurate information about transcripts in blood
cell progenitors and hepatocytes, and germline variant of ~80,000 control DNA samples. This annotation supports the automatic generation
of genotype reports rich in clinically relevant information.
Results: Genes and transcripts in the capture array were annotated
and submitted to the publicly accessible Locus Reference Genomic
database (http://www.lrg-sequence.org/). DNA samples from patients
with BTPDs of known (n = 178) and unknown (n = 122) molecular
aetiology were sequenced resulting in 99.2% coverage of the 1 Mb target region at 509 fold or higher. Variants were confirmed in all samples with known mutations.
Conclusion: An NGS platform is now available for the genetic diagnosis of BTPDs. The accuracy of assigning pathogenicity scores to rare
variants in BTPD genes will greatly improve because of the continued
increase in the number of publicly accessible genome sequencing files
from control individuals.
OR177
Antithrombin reduction improves coagulation in rare
bleeding disorder plasma
Sehgal A, Qian K, Hettinger J, Sorensen B and Akinc A
Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, USA
Background: We are currently investigating the use of RNA interference (RNAi) to target the natural anticoagulant antithrombin (AT) as
strategy to improve thrombin generation, and therefore hemostasis, in
hemophilia. ALN-AT3, a subcutaneously administered investigational
RNAi therapeutic targeting AT, is currently being evaluated in persons with hemophilia in a Phase 1 study (NCT02035605). Based on its
mechanism of action, AT reduction could potentially offer benefit in
other rare bleeding disorders (RBDs) arising from insufficient thrombin generation.
Aims: RBDs associated with deficiencies in procoagulant factors (e.g.
FV, FVII, and FXI) result in abnormal profiles in various coagulation
assays, such as thrombin generation, prothrombin time (PT), and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). The aim of the work was to
explore the effect of reducing AT in different RBD settings, modeled
using plasma samples with reduced levels of different individual procoagulant factors.
Methods: Human plasma samples deficient in specific factors (FV,
FVII, or FXI) were immunodepleted of AT. The coagulation profile
of these plasma samples was analyzed by thrombin generation (calibrated automated thrombogram [CAT] method), PT and aPTT.
Results: AT reduction led to an increase in thrombin generation and
normalization of coagulation parameters for FV, FVII and FXI deficient plasma samples. CAT measurements showed an increase in peak
thrombin and endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) after AT depletion for FV, FVII and FXI deficient plasma samples. Moreover, AT
depletion also decreased the prolonged PT for FVII deficient plasma
and decreased the prolonged aPTT for FXI deficient plasma.
Conclusion: These data suggest that AT reduction may offer potential
benefit in RBDs, in particular those associated with FV, FVII, or FXI
deficiencies.
Disclosure of Interest: A. Sehgal Employee of: Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, K. Qian Employee of: Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, J. Hettinger
Employee of: Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, B. Sorensen Employee of: Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, A. Akinc Employee of: Alnylam Pharmaceuticals.
OR178
Long-term correction of canine FVII deficiency using
AAV-mediated expression of zymogen FVII
Marcos-Contreras OA1, Smith SM1, Bellinger DA2, Merricks E2,
Faella A1, Pavani G1, Zhou S1, Nichols TC2, High KA1,3 and
Margaritis P1
1
The Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia;
2
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; 3The Howard Hughes
Medical Institute, Philadelphia, USA
Background: Factor VII deficiency (FVII) is a bleeding disorder that is
currently treated by protein replacement. Based on clinical data, a mild
elevation of plasma FVII levels (15% normal, 75 ng mL1) results in
mostly asymptomatic disease, suggesting that FVII deficiency is a
good target for gene therapy.
Aims: To study the efficacy and safety of continuous expression of
canine FVII (cFVII) mediated by Adeno-associated viral (AAV) vector delivery in dogs with < 4% FVII activity, the only available large
animal model.
Methods: Dogs received an AAV serotype 8 expressing cFVII from a
liver specific promoter at escalating doses (vector genomes kg1): high
(4.95E13, HD), middle (2E12, MD), low (6E11, LD) and very low
(2E11, VLD). Efficacy was measured using an antigen ELISA and a
prothrombin time (PT) clotting assay sensitive to FVII. Safety was
monitored with hemostatic, biochemical and overall animal physiology parameters.
Results: We confirmed that dogs with < 4% FVII activity have < 4%
FVII antigen [normal: 1040 380 ng mL1]), thus representing the
majority of human patients. After AAV delivery in these dogs, we
observed a PT reduction to normal or near normal levels as a result of
cFVII transgene expression, in a vector dose-dependent fashion. At
the expression plateau, cFVII antigen levels were 7280 1800,
320 68, 170 62 and 17 16 ng mL1 (HD to VLD). This corresponded to 800%, 30%, 16% and 2% of normal (HD to VLD) and
has been stable for over 2.6, 1.7, 1.3 and 0.8 years (ongoing, HD to
VLD). Complete blood counts, serum chemistries, D-dimer and fibrinogen levels remained normal, indicating the lack of hemostatic or
organ toxicity, even for the highest expressing dog.
Conclusion: For the first time in an animal model representing the
majority of human patients, we demonstrate that AAV-mediated FVII
gene transfer is efficacious, safe and long-term with a very wide window of cFVII expression. Importantly, a dose of 6E11 vg kg1 (considered immunologically safe in humans) results in clinically
therapeutic expression.
OR179
Engineered transcription factors (TALE-TF) as potential
therapeutic strategy for coagulation factor deficiencies
caused by promoter mutations
Barbon E, Pignani S, Branchini A, Bernardi F, Pinotti M and
Bovolenta M
Life Sciences and Biotechnology Department, University of
Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
Background: Transcription impairment by mutations represents a
small but considerable cause of severe coagulation factor defects and
of other genetic diseases. Transcription activator-like effectors fused
with transcriptional activator domains (TALE-TFs) targeting promoter regions have shown their efficacy in enhancing gene expression.
Aims: To exploit engineered TALE-TFs for the rescue of coagulation
factor gene expression impaired by promoter mutations. As model we
chose two F7 promoter mutations (94C>G; 61T>G) causing severe
factor VII deficiency.
ABSTRACTS
Methods: We created four plasmids expressing TALE-TF (TF1-4) targeting SP1/HNF4 F7 promoter regions. Reporter gene assays were
conducted by using plasmids expressing luciferase under the control of
FVII promoter variants (wt, 94G and 61G) in HepG2 cells. HepG2
and Hek293 were transfected with TALE-TFs alone to evaluate FVII
endogenous expression through RT-PCR and qPCR analyses.
Results: Transcriptional activity in reporter gene assays was abolished
by the 94G and 61G changes, thus confirming their causative
effect. Co-transfection with the different TALE-TFs demonstrated
that TF4, targeting a sequence between the mutations, induced a
robust increase of gene expression (2050 fold) for both F7 mutants.
Besides, TF4 had no effect on transcription of an unrelated (Slug) promoter, and its activity was abolished by three changes in the F7 promoter target sequence, thus supporting TF4 specificity. Moreover,
TF4 appreciably increased the endogenous F7 transcription and
mRNA levels in HepG2 cells (2.3 0.2 fold), and induced F7 expression in Hek293 cells that do not virtually express FVII.
Conclusion: These data with reporter genes and in the chromatin context, provide the first proof-of-principle that a unique appropriately
designed TALE-TF restores gene expression in the presence of two
severe promoter mutations, which might lay the foundation for the
development of an innovative therapeutic approach for coagulation
disorders as well as other genetic disorders.
OR180
Studies of MCFD2 knockout mice suggest alternative
pathways for FV, FVIII and alpha-1-antitrypsin
secretion
Zhang B1, Zheng C1, Zhu M1, Everret L2 and Ginsburg D2
1
Genomic Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland; 2Life
Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
Background: Mutations in LMAN1 and MCFD2 cause a bleeding disorder called combined deficiency of factor V (FV) and factor VIII
(FVIII). LMAN1 is a transmembrane lectin that forms a stable complex with MCFD2. The LMAN1-MCFD2 complex is a cargo receptor
for efficient ER-to-Golgi transport of FV and FVIII. However, FV
and FVIII are still present (530% of normal) in patients with either
LMAN1 or MCFD2 mutations, indicating reduced secretion. No
humans with both LMAN1 and MCFD2 mutations have been
reported.
Aims: We aim to investigate whether the LMAN1-MCFD2 pathway is
solely responsible for FV/FVIII secretion.
Methods: We generated a MCFD2-knockout (KO) mouse from a vector designed to delete both exons 2 and 3 from the 4-exon Mcfd2 gene,
and characterized phenotypes of both single and LMAN1/MCFD2
double knockout (DKO) mice.
Results: MCFD2 and DKO mice are viable and fertile. FV and FVIII
levels are lower in MCFD2 KO mice compared to the previously
reported LMAN1 KO mice, consistent with the human observations
and suggesting a more direct role of MCFD2 in cargo receptor function. Surprisingly, FV and FVIII in DKO mice match the higher levels
found in LMAN1 KO mice, not the lower levels found in MCFD2
mice. This observation could be explained by a compensatory increase
in an alternative FV/FVIII secretion pathway due to complete ablation of the LMAN1-MCFD2 pathway in DKO mice. RNA-seq studies
suggest candidate proteins in such pathways. In addition, we also
observed alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) accumulation in the ER of liver
hepatocytes in both single KOs and DKO mice in vivo, suggesting that
both LMAN1 and MCFD2 are involved in the ER-Golgi transport of
AAT. However, intracellular accumulation of AAT is not accompanied by a decrease in plasma AAT level, suggesting that plasma AAT
is subject to additional levels of control.
163
Conclusion: Taken together, our results suggest that, in addition to the

LMAN1-MCFD2 pathway, alternative secretion pathways exist for
FV/FVIII and AAT.
Platelets Signal Transduction I

OR181
A novel knock-in mouse reveals an essential role for
the CLEC-2 hemITAM in development
Haining E, Stegner D and Nieswandt B
Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University of
W
urzburg, W
urzburg, Germany
Background: The hemITAM containing receptor C-type lectin-like
receptor 2 (CLEC-2), which signals as homodimer, is important for
platelet function in development and haemostasis. CLEC-2 knockout
mice show embryonic bleeding and defective lymph development. Loss
of CLEC-2 also causes destabilisation of haemostasis and impaired
thrombosis. The mechanisms behind these phenotypes are incompletely understood.
Aims: To investigate the requirement of CLEC-2 signalling in haemostasis and development.
Methods: We have generated a knock-in mouse (CLEC-2KI) in which
the critical tyrosine in the CLEC-2 hemITAM is replaced by an alanine. This mutation was previously demonstrated to abolish the signalling of CLEC-2 in vitro without affecting receptor surface expression.
This is the first approach to specifically target the hemITAM of
CLEC-2 in vivo.
Results: CLEC-2KI/KI embryos show bleeding, blood-filled lymphatics
and die perinatally, phenocopying CLEC-2 knockout mice. CLEC2KI/+ mice appear healthy; have normal platelet counts, platelet size
and unaltered tail bleeding times. Despite normal CLEC-2 levels
CLEC-2KI/+ platelets show abolished responses to a CLEC-2 activating antibody and rhodocytin in aggregometry and flow cytometry
which can be overcome by secondary antibody crosslinking and
increased agonist concentrations respectively.
Conclusion: As predicted by in vitro experiments, loss of the hemITAM
prevents CLEC-2 signalling. We could confirm that CLEC-2 signalling
is required for lymph-vessel separation. The normal lymphatics in
CLEC-2KI/+ mice suggest either that 25% of signal-competent CLEC2 dimers are sufficient for this process, or that clustering of CLEC-2
occurs during lymph-vessel separation which overcomes the dominant
negative effect of the hemITAM mutation as seen in vitro. Work is
continuing to assess the role of CLEC-2 in haemostasis in these mice.
Disclosure of Interest: None declared. This work was funded by the
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB 688).
OR182
Apolipoprotein A-I enhances protease-activated
receptor 1-dependent cytoprotective signaling by
activated protein C
Gleeson EM1, Smith OP2, ODonnell J2 and Preston R1
1
Clinical Medicine; 2Haematology, Trinity College Dublin,
Dublin, Ireland
Background: Activated protein C (APC) signaling via protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1) is vasculoprotective, anti-inflammatory and
of therapeutic benefit in models of inflammatory disease. However,
PAR1 activation by APC is extremely inefficient and only occurs in vitro at supra-physiological APC concentrations. Consequently, we
164
ABSTRACTS
hypothesized unidentified plasma-based cofactors exist that potentiate

cytoprotective PAR1 signaling by APC.
Aims: To identify novel cofactors that enhance PAR1 proteolysis by
APC.
Methods: We assessed PAR1 proteolysis and signaling using assays of
endothelial cell (EC) barrier integrity and PAR1 reporter proteolysis
on transfected HEK293T cells.
Results: PAR1-dependent EC barrier protection by APC from thrombin-induced leakage was dramatically enhanced by the presence of
apolipoprotein A-I (Apo A-I), the major protein constituent of highdensity lipoprotein. Apo A-I enabled half-maximal maintenance of EC
barrier integrity at 30-fold lower APC concentration (250 pM) than
when Apo A-I was absent. Moreover, Apo A-I dose-dependently
increased PAR1 proteolysis on PAR1 reporter transfected cells. Notably, Apo A-I obviated the normal requirement for endothelial protein
C receptor (EPCR) binding by APC for PAR1 signaling, enabling EC
barrier protection by APC in the presence of anti-EPCR antibodies
and with an APC mutant with no EPCR affinity (APCL8F). In contrast, EC barrier protection by APC in the presence of Apo A-I was
blocked by a PAR1 antagonist and did not occur in the presence of an
APC mutant unable to cleave PAR1 (APCE330A), indicating Apo A-Ienhanced APC signaling remained wholly PAR1-dependent. Remarkably, combination of Apo A-I with the APC-b glycoform (APCN329Q)
invoked half-maximal EC barrier protection at 90-fold less APC
(80 pM) than when wild type APC was used alone.
Conclusion: This study identifies Apo A-I as a novel endogenous mediator of PAR1 activation by APC and highlights molecular elements
that enable APC cytoprotective signaling with thrombin-like potency.
OR183
Regulation of integrin alphaIIbbeta3-mediated platelet
spreading by the receptor-like tyrosine phosphatases
PTPRA and PTPRE
Mori J1, Boothman L1, Hughes C1, Correia J2, Heising S1,
Hertog JD3, Canobbio I4, Torti M4, Sap J5, Varon D6, Elson A7 and
Senis Y1
1
School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; 2School of
Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK;
3
Molecular Developmental Zoology, Hubrecht Institute, Utrecht,
The Netherlands; 4Department of Biology and Biotechnology,
University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; 5Epigenetics and Cell Fate,
University Paris Diderot, Paris, France; 6Department of
Hematology, Hadassah University Medical Center, Jerusalem;
7
Arnold R. Meyer Institute of Biological Sciences, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
Background: Platelet adhesion and thrombus formation at sites of vascular injury is dependent on bi-directional signaling by the integrin
aIIbb3. The structurally-related receptor-like protein-tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) PTPRA and PTPRE are established regulators of Src
family kinases (SFKs) downstream of integrins in other cell types;
however, their functions in platelets have yet to be determined.
Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the functions of PTPRA
and PTPRE in regulating aIIbb3-dependent platelet function and signaling.
Methods: Platelets from PTPRA and PTPRE single and double knockout (KO) mouse models were analysed for functional and signaling
defects using standard assays.
Results: PTPRA and PTPRE were both detected in human and mouse
platelets by western blotting. Platelet counts and volumes were normal
in PTPRA, PTPRE and double KO mice. PTPRA-deficient platelets
aggregated normally in response to low and high concentrations of the
GPVI-specific agonist collagen-related peptide (CRP), anti-CLEC-2
antibody and thrombin. PTPRE-deficient platelets aggregated normally in response to all agonists tested, except anti-CLEC-2 antibody,
exhibiting a minor delay in aggregation that was exacerbated in
PTPRA/E double-deficient platelets. Tyrosine phosphorylation was
marginally reduced at early time points following CRP-stimulation in
PTPRE and double KO platelets, which was corrected at later time
points. Platelets from all three KO mouse models exhibited marked
reductions in filopodia and lamellipodia formation on a fibrinogencoated surface, suggesting attenuated outside-in aIIbb3 signaling.
Conclusion: Findings from this study demonstrate that PTPRA and
PTPRE play specialized roles in regulating aIIbb3-mediated platelet
spreading on fibrinogen, most likely through the regulation of SFK
activity. Future studies will investigate the ability of PTPRA/E-deficient platelets to form stable thrombi under pathological conditions.
This work was funded by the British Heart Foundation.
OR184
G protein-coupled receptor kinase 6 regulates platelet
activation and thrombus formation through selective
GPCR desensitization
Bhavanasi D1, Badolia R1,2 and Kim S1
1
Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center; 2Physiology, Temple
Background: Many platelet agonists mediate their cellular effects
through GPCRs to induce platelet activation. Considering the crucial
roles of GPCR kinases (GRKs) in GPCR functions, little is known
regarding the regulation of GPCR signaling by GRKs in platelets.
Aims: To identify the molecular basis for regulation of specific GPCR
desensitization by GRK6 in platelets.
Methods: We used mice lacking GRK6 to evaluate the functional role
of GRK6 in platelet activation.
Results: Platelet aggregation, dense- and a-granule secretion, and
fibrinogen receptor activation induced by ADP, U46619, thrombin,
and AYPGKF were significantly potentiated in GRK6 / platelets
compared to WT platelets. However, CRP-induced platelet aggregation and secretion were not affected in GRK6 / platelets. Interestingly, platelet aggregation induced by co-stimulation of serotonin and
epinephrine which activate Gq-coupled 5HT2A and Gz-coupled a2A
adrenergic receptor, respectively, was not affected in GRK6 /
platelets, suggesting GRK6 is involved in specific GPCR regulation. In
addition, platelet aggregation was restored in response to second challenge of ADP, U46619, thrombin, and AYPGKF in GRK6 / platelets whereas re-stimulation of agonist failed to induce aggregation in
WT platelets, indicating GRK6 contributes to P2Y1, P2Y12, thromboxane A2, and PAR receptor desensitization. The surface expression
level of PAR4 upon AYPGKF stimulation in GRK6 / platelets
was higher than WT platelets, indicating a crucial role of GRK6 in
internalization of activated PAR4 receptor. Furthermore, AYPGKFinduced Akt, ERK, and PKCd phosphorylations were significantly
potentiated and sustained in GRK6 / platelets. Finally, GRK6
/ mice show an enhanced and stable thrombus formation after
FeCl3 injury to the carotid artery, indicating GRK6 is critical for
thrombus formation in vivo.
Conclusion: GRK6 plays an important role in regulating platelet functional responses through selective GPCR desensitization.
ABSTRACTS
OR185
Procoagulant platelets are undergoing cyclophilin D
mediated necrosis with differential involvement in
occlusive vs. non-occlusive models of thrombosis
Hua M1, Abeynaike L1, Lindeman R2, Hogg P1 and Chen V1
1
Lowy Cancer Research Program, University of New South Wales;
2
SEALS Haematology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney,
Australia
Background: A subset of platelets fulfils a procoagulant role in haemostasis and thrombosis, enabling thrombin burst required for fibrin formation & clot stability at sites of vascular injury. Excess procoagulant
activity is linked with pathological thrombosis. The identity of procoagulant platelets is controversial & study of its functional role hampered by lack of specific & sensitive markers.
Aims: Use synthetic dithiol alkylator GSAO to image & explore the
role of procoagulant platelets.
Methods: FACS, Co-Ip, Calibrated Automated Thrombogram, Confocal intravital microscopy.
Results: GSAO specifically & rapidly enters a subset of agonist-stimulated, cyclophilin D-dependent necrotic platelets & is retained in cytoplasm via covalent reaction with thromboxane A synthase-1. This
subset is measurable by FACS & visualised by fluorescent microscopy.
GSAO+ platelets are generated ex vivo within seconds of agonist stimulation; membrane compromise coincident with mitochondrial depolarisation. GSAO+ platelets are phenotypically procoagulant shown
by surface colocalisation with FXa & phosphatidylserine, & functionally procoagulant with capacity to support thrombin generation in vitro. Real time intravital confocal microscopy show GSAO+ platelets
in occlusive platelet thrombi after 8% FeCl3 stimulation, few GSAO+
platelets seen in non-occlusive thrombi after 6% FeCl3 or laser injury
murine models of thrombosis. GSAO+ platelets are spatially associated with sites of fibrin formation, demonstrating its procoagulant role
in vivo. Aspirin did not affect procoagulant platelet function via global
thrombin generation assays. Cyclophilin D blockade reduced procoagulant function & addition of aspirin enhanced this reduction.
Conclusion: Necrotic platelets are functionally procoagulant in vitro, &
generated after strong thrombotic stimuli in vivo, providing the surface
for fibrin formation. Procoagulant platelets can be targeted via cylophilin D. GSAO can be a probe used to study the role of platelet
necrosis in haemostasis & thrombosis.
165
Antiphospholipid antibodies II
OR186
Activated protein C resistance determined by thrombin
generation is predictive of thrombosis in
antiphospholipid-positive patients and associated
auto-immune diseases: a multicenter prospective
cohort study
Zuily S1, Regnault V2, Mohamed S3, Lamboux-Matthieu C1,
Rat A-C4, Ninet J5, Magy-Bertrand N6, Pasquali J-L7, Lambert M8,
Lorcerie B9, Kaminsky P3, Guillemin F10, Wahl D1 and on behalf of
TAC(I)T investigators
1
Vascular Medicine Division, Nancy University Hospital; 2Inserm
U1116; 3Orphan Disease Unit; 4Rheumatology Department,
Nancy University Hospital, Nancy; 5Department of Internal
Medicine, CHU de Lyon, Lyon; 6Internal Medicine Department,
CHRU de Besancon, Besancon; 7Internal Medicine and Clinical
Immunology Department, CHU de Strasbourg, Strasbourg;
8
Department of Internal Medicine, CHRU de Lille, Lille; 9Internal
Medicine and Clinical Immunology Department, CHU de Dijon,
Dijon; 10Clinical Epidemiology and Evaluation Department,
Nancy University Hospital, Nancy, France
Background: Activated protein C resistance (APCr) has been described
in antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) positive patients, however it is
uncertain whether it can identify high risk patient for thrombosis.
Aims: To investigate the validity of APCr determined by Thrombin
Generation (TG) to predict thrombosis in patients with autoimmune
diseases.
Methods: This multicenter prospective cohort study included consecutive patients with aPL or Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Blood was
drawn at baseline for aPL assays and Platelet-Rich Plasma was prepared for TG using Calibrated Automated Thrombography. TG curve
was recorded in absence and presence of APC to assess the overall
response to APC using APC concentration needed to decrease by 50%
the initial area under the TG curve (IC50-APC). APCr was defined by
an IC50-APC above the 3rd quartile of patients. A Cox proportional
hazards model assessed the validity of APCr and identified other
potential independent predictors of thrombosis.
Results: One hundred and thirty-seven patients (mean age:
43.5 15.4 year-old; 107 women) were followed for a mean duration
of 43.1 20.7 months (491.5 patient-years). Sixty one had a history
of one or several thrombotic manifestations. During follow-up, 16
patients experienced a thrombotic event. In univariate analysis, APCr
was significantly associated with an increased risk for thrombosis during follow-up [HR = 3.14 (95% CI; 1.138.76)]. Furthermore, IC50APC values were highly correlated with titers of both IgG antibodies
directed against domain I of b2-glycoprotein I and IgG anti-phosphatidylserine/prothrombin antibodies. In multivariate analysis, when
hypertension and history of arterial thrombosis were added to the
model, APCr remained a significant predictor of thrombosis
[HR = 3.0 (CI 95%; 1.058.54)].
Conclusion: This study demonstrates for the first time that APCr determined by TG is a significant predictor of thrombosis in patients with
aPL and associated auto-immune diseases.
166
ABSTRACTS
OR187
Effects of new (direct) oral anticoagulants on lupus
anticoagulant assays
Antovic J1, Antovic A2, Norberg E-M1, Berndtsson M1 and
Skeppholm M3
1
Department of Coagulation Research, Institute for Molecular
Medicine and Surgery, Department of Clinical Chemistry,
Karolinska University Hospital; 2Deptartment of Medicine Solna,
Rheumatology Unit & Rheumatology Clinic, Karolinska
University Hospital; 3Department of Medicine, Clinical
Pharmacology Unit, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine &
Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Background: Laboratory diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome
(APS) is based on prolongation of at least one coagulation assay
[diluted Russels viper venom (dRVVT) or activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT)] which normalizes after addition of phospholipids
lupus anticoagulant (LA). New oral anticoagulants [NOAC dabigatran (DAB), rivaroxaban (RIV) and apixaban (API)] may be used in
the treatment of APS and may influence LA testing.
Aims: We have tested the effects of NOAC on LA in patients treated
with these drugs in real life settings.
Methods: Plasmas from patients with atrial fibrillation treated with
DAB (n = 30), RIV (n = 20) and API (n = 17) and known not to have
LA were tested with dRVVT (LA screen and LA confirm Life Diagn)
and APTT (PTT LA Diagn. Stago and Actin FS Siemens Healthcare
Diagn). The ratio < 1.2 was considered negative, > 1.4 positive, while
if 1.21.4 LA could not be ruled out. Plasma conc. were DAB:8
172 lg L1, RIV:8437 lg L1 and API:36178 lg L1.
Results: Eight out of 30 samples with DAB were negative, 4 plasmas
were LA positive. In all but 2 samples confirmation tests were also prolonged. DAB conc. correlated with dRVVT (r = 0.75 P < 0.0001) and
APTT (r = 0.55, P < 0.005) assays, while ratio > 1.2 was observed even
with the lowest conc. Negative LA was only in 1 sample with RIV
(conc. 8 lg L1), while 50% of samples were LA-positive. Confirmation tests were prolonged with RIV conc. > 100 lg L1. RIV conc. correlated with dRVVT assays (r = 0.86 P < 0.0001) and dRVVT and
APTT ratio (r = 0.56 P = 0.01). LA was positive in 7 (41%) samples
with API. Correlation between API conc. and dRVVT confirm test was
observed (r = 0.83, P < 0.001) and a conc. > 100 lg L1 was associated with prolongation of confirm assay.
Conclusion: The risk of overestimation of LA detection is present in
samples from patients treated with NOAC, particularly RIV. Therefore LA testing should not be performed during the treatment with
NOAC. Prolongation of confirmation assays may be helpful for the
recognition of false positivity, especially in the case of DAB.
OR188
Obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome: early LMWHinduced variations of angiogenic factors predict
placenta-mediated pregnancy complications
Gris J-C1,2, Bouvier S1, Lavigne G1, Nouvellon E1, Mercier E1,
e I3, Chauleur C4, Mar
es P5 and on behalf of
Galanaud J-P3, Quer
NOHA network
1
Haematology, University Hospital Caremeau, Nimes; 2EA2992,
University of Montpellier; 3Internal Medicine and Vascular
Medicine, University Hospital St Eloi, Montpellier; 4Gynaecology
and Obstetrics, University Hospital, Saint-Etienne; 5Gynaecology
and Obstetrics, University Hospital Caremeau, Nimes, France
Background: Late pregnancy complications are still frequent in treated
pregnant women with the obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome
(oAPS). LMWH can mobilise angiogenic factors, among which placental growth factor (PGF) and the inhibitor soluble VEGF receptor
(sFlt1). Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLAbs) can impair the endometrial angiogenesis and trophoblatic functions through the modulation of angiogenic factors.
Aims: To study the LMWH-induced early variations of angiogenic factors and their prognostic value in newly pregnant oAPS women.
Methods: The study was performed in the 513 oAPS women included
into the NOH-APS cohort, who began a new pregnancy treated with
enoxaparin 40 mg + aspirin 100 mg daily (Blood 2014; 123: 40413).
Frozen plasma aliquotes from blood sampled on EDTA, obtained just
before and 4 days after the begining of LMWH injections (platelet
count checks), were tested for PGF and sFlt1 concentrations (ELISA,
R&D Systems, Abingdon, UK). Clincal outcomes were the occurrence
of placenta mediated complications (PMC: preeclampsia, placental
abruption, small for gestational age neonate) and of PMC + stillbirths
(PMC-Still). Multivariate logistic regression analysis models and ROC
curves were computed.
Results: Enoxaparin induced significant and correlated PGF and sFlt1
increases. Variations in PGF were lower, and variations in sFlt1
higher, in women who developped PMC or PMC-Still. The ratio
between variations of PGF and of sFlt1 were lower in case of complications, with a dose-effect relationship between quartiles and clinical
risk. This ratio remains an independent risk factor after adjustment
for all covariates (pregnancy loss type, aPLAb triple positivity,. . .).
The AUC under the ROC curve is 0.74 (0.680.80) for PMC and 0.73
(0.680.79) for PMC-Still.
Conclusion: In newly pregnant women with oAPS, the early LMWHinduced mobilisation of angiogenic factors can indicate the clinical risk
of late complications. The imbalance in angiogenic factors might be a
clinically-relevant therapeutic target.
OR189
Increased risk for pulmonary hypertension associated
with antiphospholipid antibodies in patients with
systemic lupus erythematosus: a meta-analysis of
echocardiographic studies
Zuily S1, Domingues V2 and Wahl D1
1
Vascular Medicine Division, Nancy University Hospital, Nancy,
France; 2Medicine Department, New York Presbyterian Hospital,
New York City, USA
Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is present in patients with
systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and the role of antiphospholipid
antibodies (aPL) is controversial.
Aims: To estimate the risk of PH, including pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) (i.e. without history of pulmonary embolism), associated with aPL in patients with SLE.
Methods: Studies were selected if they investigated the association
between aPL and PH in SLE patients and if aPL-negative patients
were included for comparison. Data sources were Pubmed, Embase,
Cochrane Library, hand search, congress abstracts, and reference lists
of studies, without language restrictions. Risk estimates were independently extracted by 2 investigators. Pooled effect estimates were
obtained by using the Mantel-Haenszel method (random effects).
Results: Of 734 identified abstracts, 36 primary studies (5 cohorts, 15
casecontrol, 16 cross-sectional) met inclusion criteria, including 4190
SLE patients and 478 cases of PH. Prevalence of PH in aPL-positive
vs. aPL-negative SLE patients was 16% (n = 231/1443) vs. 9%
(n = 247/2747), respectively. Compared with SLE patients without
aPL, the overall pooled odds ratios (OR) for PH in aPL-positive SLE
patients were 2.46 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.843.28]. The risk
of PAH associated with aPL in SLE patients was also significantly
increased [OR = 3.06 (95% CI, 1.665.63)]. The risk of PH was the
ABSTRACTS
highest for lupus anticoagulant (LA) [OR = 2.43 (95% CI, 1.533.87)]
and IgG anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) [OR = 3.12 (95% CI, 2.03
4.81)] while IgM aCL and antib2-glycoprotein I antibodies were not
significantly associated with PH [OR = 1.83 (95% CI, 0.913.67) and
OR = 1.85 (95% CI, 0.556.27), respectively].
Conclusion: In SLE patients, aPL-positivity is associated with a dramatically increased risk for PH and PAH suggesting that an aPLrelated mechanism other than venous thromboembolism can contribute to PAH. These findings warrant implementation of effective
screening and treatment strategies.
OR190
Obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome: early lmwhinduced variations of angiogenic factors predict
pregnancy loss
Gris J-C1,2, Bouvier S1, Lavigne G1, Nouvellon E1, Mercier E1,
Galanaud J-P3, Quere I3, Mar
es P4 and on behalf of NOHA
network
1
University of Montpellier; 3Internal Medicine and Vascular
Medicine, University Hospital St Eloi, Montpellier; 4Gynaecology
and Obstetrics, University Hospital Caremeau, Nimes, France
Background: Pregnancy loss can still occur in treated pregnant women
with the obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome (oAPS). LMWH can
mobilise angiogenic factors, among which placental growth factor
(PGF) and the inhibitor soluble VEGF receptor (sFlt1). Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLAbs) can impair the endometrial angiogenesis
and trophoblatic functions through the modulation of angiogenic factors.
Aims: To study the LMWH-induced early variations of angiogenic factors and their prognostic value in newly pregnant oAPS women.
Methods: The study was performed in the 513 oAPS women included
into the NOH-APS cohort, who began a new pregnancy treated with
enoxaparin 40 mg + aspirin 100 mg daily (Blood 2014; 123: 40413).
Frozen plasma aliquotes from blood sampled on EDTA, obtained just
before and 4 days after the begining of LMWH injections (platelet
count checks), were tested for PGF and sFlt1 concentrations (ELISA,
R&D Systems, Abingdon, UK). Clinical outcomes were the occurrence of pregnancy loss subtypes (embryonic loss before 10 weeks, foetal loss, stillbirth). Multivariate logistic regression analysis models
were computed.
Results: Enoxaparin induced significant PGF and sFlt1 increases.
Variations in PGF were lower, and variations in sFlt1 higher, in
women who developped foetal loss and in women who developped
stillbirth. The ratio between variations of PGF and of sFlt1 were lower
in case of foetal loss or stillbirth, with a dose-effect relationship
between quartiles and clinical risk. This ratio remains an independent
risk factor after adjustment for all covariates (previous pregnancy loss
type, aPLAb triple positivity,. . .).
Conclusion: In newly pregnant women with oAPS, the early LMWHinduced mobilisation of angiogenic factors can indicate the risk of subsequent foetal loss or stillbirth, not of embryonic loss.
167
Venous thromboembolism diagnosis

OR191
Withholding anticoagulation after normal CTPA is safe
in patients with a high clinical probability of PE in the
absence of a prior episode of VTE
Van Der Hulle T1, van Es N2, den Exter P1, van Es J2, Mos I1,
Douma R2, Kamphuisen P3, B
uller H2, Huisman M1 and Klok F1
1
Thrombosis and Hemostasis, LUMC, Leiden; 2Vascular
Medicine, AMC, Amsterdam; 3Vascular Medicine, UMCG,
Groningen, The Netherlands
Background: In patients with a low clinical probability (Wells clinical
decision rule (CDR) score 4 points) of pulmonary embolism (PE)
and normal D-dimer level, PE is safely excluded without computed
tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA). In the remaining
patients with either a high CDR score (> 4 points) or an abnormal
( 500 ng mL1) D-dimer level, CTPA is indicated and in case of a
normal CTPA PE is considered to be excluded and anticoagulation is
withheld. However, in the 2014 ESC guideline (Konstantinides et al.
Eur Heart J 2014;35:3045-3047) on acute PE, the safety of excluding
PE in patients with a high CDR score and normal CTPA alone is considered to be unclear and whether these patients should be further
investigated remains controversial.
Aims: To determine the safety of withholding anticoagulation in
patients with a high CDR score in whom PE is excluded by normal
CTPA alone and whether the safety is modified by the existence of a
prior VTE.
Methods: Patient-level data from 4 prospective diagnostic management
studies. Failure rates, defined as the 3-month incidence of venous
thromboembolism (VTE) after PE was excluded, were pooled using a
random-effects model for all patients, those with a high CDR score
and patients with and without prior VTE and a high CDR score separately.
Results: Of 6148 patients were included with a pooled PE prevalence
of 25%. The failure rate in all 4694 patients in whom PE was excluded
was 1.2% (95%CI 0.52.6). In patients with high CDR score, the failure rate was 2.4% (n = 1090; 95%CI 1.14.9). For patients with a high
CDR score without prior VTE, the failure rate was 1.8% (n = 772;
95%CI 1.13.1) and for those with prior VTE 3.6% (n = 318; 95%CI
2.06.4).
Conclusion: Withholding anticoagulation in patients with a high CDR
score in whom PE is excluded by normal CTPA alone is safe for those
without a prior episode of VTE. Whether patients with a high CDR
score and a prior episode of VTE should be further investigated could
be debated.
168
ABSTRACTS
OR192
Reproducibility of clinical events adjudications in a
trial of venous thromboembolism prevention
OR193
DNA in plasma indicates disease extent and predicts
mortality in patients with venous thromboembolism
Girard P1, Parent F2,3, Gable B4, Sanchez O5, Durieux P6,
Hausfater P7, Penaloza A8, Dambrine S4, Armand-Perroux A9,
Beziaud M9, Nguyen J-P9, Meyer G5 and Roy P-M10
1
Departement Thoracique, LInstitut Mutualiste Montsouris,
^pital Bic^
etre, AP-HP, Le
Paris; 2Service de pneumologie, Ho
e Paris-Sud, Facult
e de
Kremlin Bicêtre; 3INSERM U999, Universit
Medecine, Kremlin-Bic^
etre; 4D
epartement de M
edecine
dUrgence, CHU Angers, LUNAM Universit
e, Angers; 5Service de
^pital Europ
Pneumologie, Ho
een Georges Pompidou, Universit
e
e publique,
Paris Descartes; 6Departement dinformatique et sant
^pital Europeen Georges Pompidou Universit
Ho
e Paris Descartes;
7
Service des Urgences, CHU La Piti
e Salp^
etri
ere, Universit
e Paris
06 UPMC, Paris, France; 8D
epartement de M
edecine dUrgence,
Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Universit
e Catholique de
epartement de M
edecine
Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; 9D
dUrgence, CHU Angers, LUNAM Universit
e; 10D
epartement de
Medecine dUrgence, Angers, LUNAM Universit
e EA 3860 eVASion, Angers, France
Fuchs T1,2, Jim

enez-Alc
azar M2, Limacher A3, M
ean M4,
ammle B5
Renn
e T1,2, Aujesky D4 and L
1
Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska
Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; 2Clinical Chemistry and
Laboratory Medicine, Universit
atsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf,
Hamburg, Germany; 3Department of Clinical Research and
Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern;
4
r
Universit
atsspital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; 5Centrum fu
Thrombose und H
amostase, Universit
atsmedizin Mainz, Mainz,
Germany
Background: In many trials using clinical endpoints, an independent

Clinical Events Committee (CEC) is in charge of adjudicating all clinical events relevant to the study endpoints according to predetermined
criteria, to homogenize the interpretation of investigators data. However, very few data exist regarding the reproducibility of such adjudications.
Aims: To assess the reproducibility of CEC adjudications in a clinical
trial.
Methods: The PREVENU study (NCT01212393) is a multicenter randomized trial of venous thromboembolism (VTE) prevention that
included 15,182 medical patients. The main endpoint was the composite of symptomatic VTE, major bleeding, or unexplained sudden death
at 3 months. A total of 2168 clinical events had to be adjudicated. The
CEC comprised a chairman and 4 pairs of adjudicators. A random
selection of 183 events (125 deaths, 40 bleeding events and 18 VTE
events) that had been already adjudicated was blindly resubmitted to
another pair of adjudicators. Adjudication agreement was measured
by calculating Kappa values and their 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Results: Four events were excluded (incomplete adjudication forms).
In the remaining 179 events, the overall Kappa value for the 3 components of the main endpoint was very good (0.84, CI: 0.770.91). When
analyzed separately, Kappa values were very good for VTE (1, CI:
NA), good for major bleeding (0.74, CI: 0.530.95), and moderate for
deaths (0.60, CI: 0.400.81). The rates of disagreements in the causes
of deaths were 0% (1 event) for fatal PE, 12% (1/8) for fatal bleeding,
56% (5/9) for unexplained sudden deaths and 7% (7/103) for other
causes of death.
Conclusion: The reproducibility of adjudications for the composite
endpoint, VTE and bleeding events was good or very good. The moderate reproducibility for unexplained sudden deaths, despite using
strict predetermined criteria, reflects the limited availability of reliable
information when fatal events occur after hospital discharge.
Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) affects up to 5% of the

population during their lifetimes and the incidence of VTE rises exponentially with age. Extracellular DNA may provide a target to improve
the diagnosis and therapy of VTE. DNA enhances the activity of clotting factors and contributes to thrombus formation in vitro and in vivo.
Aims: We and others have previously identified elevated levels of DNA
in plasma from patients or animals with deep vein thrombosis. The
diagnostic and prognostic value of plasma DNA in VTE is not known.
We hypothesized that levels of plasma DNA or DNase1, the predominant DNA-degrading enzyme in plasma, correlate with the extent of
VTE at diagnosis and are indicative of the clinical outcome.
Methods: To test our hypotheses we analyzed 863 patients of the SWITCO65 + cohort, a multicenter cohort study that prospectively enrolled
consecutive patients aged 65 years with acute, symptomatic VTE. We
quantified extracellular DNA using specific probes and DNase1 activity
by zymography in patient plasma. Data was analyzed in competing risk
and Cox-regression models, adjusting for relevant risk factors and periods of anticoagulation as a time-varying co-variant.
Results: Plasma DNA and DNase1 were positively (P < 0.001) and
negatively (P < 0.022) correlated with the extent of VTE at enrollment, respectively. The median DNA/DNase1 ratio increased with
VTE extent as indicated by distal DVT (231 ng mU1; n = 71), proximal DVT (410 ng mU1; n = 195), non-massive PE (667 ng mU1;
n = 589) and massive PE (1546 ng mU1, n = 8). Neither DNA nor
DNase1 were associated with the clinical outcomes VTE recurrence or
major bleeding, but high DNA levels (top quartile) were predictive for
mortality within 12 months post VTE diagnosis (adjusted HR 2.40,
95% CI 1.533.75, P < 0.001).
Conclusion: Increased DNA and decreased DNase1 in plasma are associated with the extent of VTE at time of diagnosis. Quantification of
DNA in plasma may help identifying patients at risk of dying within
months after acute VTE.
OR194
Low end-tidal CO2 significantly increases pretest
probability of pulmonary embolism
Kline J1, Verschuren F2, Hogg K3, Roy P-M4, Penaloza A5 and
Prentice D6
1
Emergency Medicine and Physiology, Indiana University,
Indianapolis, USA; 2Emergency Medicine, Cliniques
Universitaires St. Luc, Brussles, Belgium; 3Emergency Medicine,
e
McMasters, Hamilton, Canada; 4Emergency Medicine, Universit
dAngers, Anger, France; 5Emergency Medicine, Cliniques
Universitaires St-Luc, Brussls, Belgium; 6School of Nursing,
Barnes Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, USA
Background: A meta-analysis found that alveolar deadspace from capnography as a test for pulmonary embolism had an area under the
ABSTRACTS
summary receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) of 0.84. However, alveolar deadspace calculation requires problematic arterial
blood gas measurement. Limited data have been published on endtidal CO2 as a diagnostic test.
Aims: We hypothesized that etCO2 would have a significant odds ratio
(OR) for PE diagnosis in a multivariate model containing numerous
known predictors of PE.
Methods: Secondary analysis of data from 6 individual studies of emergency department patients with suspected PE undergoing standardized
diagnostic evaluation, including pulmonary vascular imaging and follow-up. Researchers prospectively collected etCO2 and 16 other predictor variables (age, RR, HR, SBP, SaO2, hemoptysis, smoking, lung
disease, recent surgery, immobility, no prior cardiac disease, prior
VTE, estrogen use, malignancy, suspected DVT, alternative diagnosis
less likely). Parametric predictors (etCO2, age, vital signs) were dichotomized after locating the optimal cutoff on ROC analysis. The diagnostic power of etCO2 was tested with multivariate logistic regression
to generate ORs and 95% CIs.
Results: From 2101 patients, 303 (14.4%) had PE. Of six parametric
predictors, etCO2 had the highest area under the ROC [0.72, (95% CI
0.690.75)] with optimal cutoff of 32.5 torr yielding a likelihood ratio
(+) of 2.3 (2.02.5). Logistic regression revealed significant ORs for five
predictors: etCO2 < 32.5 torr 3.5 (2.45.1), suspected DVT 3.5 (2.1
5.9), alternative diagnosis less likely 3.4 (2.35.2), SaO2 < 94.5% 2.2
(1.43.4), no prior cardiac disease 2.4 (1.15.9).
Conclusion: An end-tidal CO2 < 32.5 torr significantly increases the
probability of PE, independently of other predictor variables. As a
non-invasive, inexpensive, widely available measurement, etCO2
should be added to future predictive models for PE.
OR195
A prospective algorithm incorporating limited and
whole- leg assessment of the deep venous system in
symptomatic outpatients (the Palladio study)
Ageno W1, Camporese G2, Riva N1, Ghirarduzzi A3, Bucherini E4,
Righini M5, Kamphuisen P6, Verhamme P7, Douketis J8,
Tonello C2 and Prandoni P2
1
University of Insubria, Varese; 2University of Padua, Padua;
3
Ospedale di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia; 4Azienda USL,
Ravenna, Italy; 5University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland;
6
University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; 7Leuven
University, Leuven, Belgium; 8McMaster University, Hamilton,
Canada
Background: Compression ultrasonography (CUS) is the mainstay for
the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the lower limbs. CUS
can be extended to the entire venous system or limited to the proximal
veins only. Extended CUS does not require repeat testing, limited
CUS is simpler and easily available. The two approaches have been
shown to be substantially equivalent.
Aims: We aimed to assess the accuracy of an algorithm combining
extended and limited CUS.
Methods: In a multicenter, prospective cohort study, consecutive outpatients with clinically suspected DVT underwent D-dimer (DD) measurement and pre-test clinical probability (PTP) assessment. DVT was
ruled out with no further testing in patients with PTP unlikely and
negative DD (group 1). Patients with PTP likely or positive DD underwent limited CUS only (group 2), patients with PTP likely and positive
DD underwent extended CUS (group 3). Patients in group 1 and
patients with a negative CUS underwent a 3-month follow-up. Primary outcome was the incidence of objectively documented DVT or
pulmonary embolism (PE) in patients in whom DVT was ruled out. A
sample of 1100 patients was calculated on the assumption that the primary outcome would not exceed 1%, and the upper limit of the 95%
169
confidence intervals (CI) would not exceed 2%. Reported results are
based on local adjudication only.
Results: Of 1162 eligible patients (median age 66 years, 60% females),
351 were in group 1, 401 in group 2, and 410 in group 3. Limited CUS
was positive in 12 patients in group 2; extended CUS was positive in
200 patients in group 3. After the exclusion of 18 patients with protocol violations, the rate of the primary outcome in the whole cohort
was 1.0% (95% CI, 0.51.9). The incidence of the primary outcome
was 1.1% (95% CI, 0.32.9) in group 2 and 2.0% (95% CI, 0.65.2) in
group 3.
Conclusion: An algorithm combining limited and extended CUS safely
simplifies the approach to suspected DVT and reduces the diagnoses
of low risk distal DVT.
NOAC Bleeding Risk Factors and

Management
OR196
Influence of ABCB1 genotype and of a P-gp drug
inhibitor, clarithromycin, on dabigatran and
rivaroxaban pharmacokinetic profiles in healthy
volunteers
Gouin-Thibault I1,2, Delavenne X3,4, Blanchard A5, Siguret V2,6,
Gaussem P2,7, Funck-Brentano C8,9, Azizi M5, Mismetti P4,10 and
Loriot M-A11,12
1
^pital Cochin;
Laboratoire dH
ematologie, AP-HP Ho
2
UMR_S1140 INSERM, Universit
e Paris Descartes, Sorbonne
Paris Cit
e, Paris, France, Paris; 3Laboratoire de Pharmacologie
Toxicologie, CHU Saint-Etienne; 4Groupe de Recherche sur la
Thrombose, EA3065, Universit
e Jean Monnet, Saint-Etienne;
5
^pital Europ
Centre dInvestigation Clinique, AP-HP, Ho
een
^pital
Georges Pompidou; 6Laboratoire dH
ematologie, AP-HP, Ho
^pital
ematologie, AP-HP, Ho
Lariboisi
ere; 7Laboratoire dH
Europ
een Georges Pompidou; 8Centre dInvestigation Clinique
^pital Piti
Paris Est, AP-HP, Ho
e-Salp^
etri
ere; 9Pharmacologie,

Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris; 10M
edecine
Th
erapeutique, CHU de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne;
11
^pital Europ
Biochimie, Pharmacog
en
etique, AP-HP, Ho
een
e Paris
Georges Pompidou; 12UMR_S1147 INSERM, Universit
e, Paris, France
Background: Drug interactions and inter-individual variations have
been reported in healthy volunteers and patients receiving dabigatran
etexilate and rivaroxaban. We hypothesized that genetic factors relating to their transport by P-glycoprotein (encoded by ABCB1), could
affect their pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles.
Aims: The main objective was to evaluate the influence of the ABCB1
genotype, on the PK profile of dabigatran and rivaroxaban in healthy
volunteers. The secondary aim was to study the influence of a P-gp
inhibitor, clarithromycin, on the PK of these drugs.
Methods: Sixty healthy Caucasian males selected on the basis of the
ABCB1 genotype (haplotype 2677-3435) i.e. 20 wild-type homozygous,
20 heterozygous and 20 mutated homozygous subjects were included
in a randomised, open, crossover study comprising 3 single dose treatment periods: dabigatran 300 mg, rivaroxaban 40 mg, then combination of clarithromycin with dabigatran or rivaroxaban. Blood samples
were taken between 0 and 24 h. Plasma concentrations of dabigatran
and rivaroxaban were measured using a validated liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method. PK parameters, including area under
the concentrationtime curve from time 0 to infinity (AUC) were
derived from concentrationtime data. A multivariate analysis using a
170
ABSTRACTS
general linear mixed-effect model on log transformed AUC was performed to estimate the genotype and clarithromycin effects.
Results: Inter-individual variability CVs for AUC were of 77% for dabigatran and 63% for rivaroxaban. AUC increased by 1.25 and 1.28
(P = 0.61) with dabigatran and by 1.24 and 1.15 (P = 0.15) with rivaroxaban in ABCB1 heterozygous and homozygous mutated subjects.
Clarithromycin increased dabigatran AUC by 2 (P = 0.00018) and rivaroxaban AUC by 1.94 (P < 0.0001).
Conclusion: The high inter-individual variability and the marked effect
of a P-gp inhibitor on both drug PK found in healthy volunteers suggest that the management of patients receiving rivaroxaban or dabigatran and multiple comedications may be challenging.
Disclosure of Interest: I. Gouin-Thibault Speaker Bureau of: Bayer,
BMS-Pfizer, X. Delavenne: None declared, A. Blanchard: None
declared, V. Siguret Speaker Bureau of: Bayer, BMS-Pfizer, P. Gaussem: None declared, C. Funck-Brentano: None declared, M. Azizi:
None declared, P. Mismetti Speaker Bureau of: Boehringer Ingelheim,
Bayer, BMS-Pfizer, Daiichi, M.-A. Loriot: None declared.
OR197
New oral anticoagulants in patients affected by high
risk atrial fibrillation with history of intracranial
hemorrhage
Arioli D1, Romagnoli E2, Cocchi V1, Casella M1, Muoio A1,
Sanchez MDMJ1, Pizzini A1, Casali A1, Iori I1 and on behalf of
Thrombosis and Haemostasis Reggio Emilia Study Group
1
Internal Medicine, Reggio Emilia Hospital, Reggio Emilia;
2
Internal Medicine, Hospital, Pavullo nel Frignano (Modena),
Italy
Background: Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is the most devastating
complication of anticoagulant therapy. Once ICH occurs, the decision
of whether to resume anticoagulation or not is a therapeutic dilemma
that requires balancing the risk of ICH recurrence against the risk of
thromboembolic events.
Aims: To obtain a reliable estimate of the risks and benefits of New
Oral Anticoagulants (NOACs) resumption in high risk Atrial Fibrillation (AF) patients with a history of ICH in order to design a wide
national register.
Methods: Patients affected by high risk AF (CHADS Vasc 3) who
presented to our centre in the last 16 months with a previous ICH were
evaluated for resuming anticoagulant therapy. To all the patients with
a favorable clinical and radiological evolution without other contraindications it was proposed to start NOACs. After one month a clinical
reassessment was performed: in that occasion physicians could decide
whether to perform a brain Computer Tomography to exclude hematoma growth or recurrent ICH, even in asymptomatic patients.
Results: Currently 13 patients have started Dabigatran, 15 Rivaroxaban and 10 Apixaban at the dose suggested by European Heart
Rhythm Association guidelines. Of them 6 had a previous subarachnoid hemorrhage, 14 a subdural hematoma, 11 a deep hemispheric
hemorrhage and 7 a lobar hemorrhage. At the time when ICH
occurred 27 patients were being treated with Warfarin, 3 with Warfarin+AcetylSalicylic Acid (ASA), while 5 with ASA alone. The mean
age at the baseline visit was 77.9 (SD 8.0) with a mean CHADS
VASC of 5.0 (SD 1.3) and a mean Creatinine Clearance of
61.5 mL min1 (SD 17.7). Up to February 5th 2015 the mean follow up period has been 10 months: no intracranial event and major
bleeding has been reported. 34 patients (89%) are on treatment. The
rate of clinical relevant bleeding has been 19.0% per year.
Conclusion: Resumption of NOACs after ICH with a favorable evolution appears to be a reasonable alternative in frail high risk AF population.
OR198
Intracranial bleeding with the new oral anticoagulant
drugs
Hogg K1, Bahl B2, Castellucci L3 and Stiell I4
1
Thrombosis Department, Mcmaster University, Hamilton;
2
Emergency Department, Scarbourgh Hospital, Scarbourgh;
3
Thrombosis Department; 4Emergency Department, The Ottawa
Hospital, Ottawa, Canada
Background: Dabigatran, rivaroxaban and apixaban were approved
for stroke prevention and treatment of venous thrombosis in the past
4 years. Phase 3 studies reported a lower risk of intracranial bleeding
compared to warfarin however there is little real-life data to show this.
Aims: We assessed time trends in oral anticoagulant-associated atraumatic intracranial bleeding from 2009 to 2013, and compared this to
provincial oral anticoagulant (OAC) prescription trends.
Methods: ICD-10 codes were used to identify all atraumatic intracerebral bleeds presenting to our neurosurgical centre (covering a population of 1.3 million). Provincial prescription data for oral
anticoagulants was obtained from IMS Brogan CompuScript Market
Dynamics. The primary outcome was trend analysis of incident OACassociated intracranial bleeding events per year. The secondary outcomes were comparisons between rate of OAC related bleeding and
provincial prescription rates.
Results: Two thousand and fifty patients presented with atraumatic
intracranial bleeds, median age 72, 51.5% male. Subdural and intracerebral hemorrhages accounted for 73% of all bleeds. 371 (18%)
patients were prescribed OAC. There was an increasing trend over
time in the rate of OAC-associated bleeding (P = 0.009) and nonOAC associated bleeding (P = 0.063). By the end of 2013, dabigatran,
rivaroxaban and apixaban accounted for 16%, 17% and 3% of all
provincial OAC prescriptions respectively. Warfarin consistently
accounted for a disproportionately large number of OAC-associated
bleeds compared to prescription prevalence. Dabigatran, rivaroxaban
and apixaban each accounted for a non-significantly smaller proportion of OAC-associated bleeds when compared to prescription prevalence. There was no time trend in antiplatelet/anticoagulant coprescription, and no association with renal impairment.
Conclusion: We found an increasing number of patients with OAC-associated intracranial bleeding over time, however there was a trend towards
fewer intracranial bleeds associated with the new oral anticoagulants.
OR199
Clinical impact and course of major bleeding with
edoxaban vs. vitamin K antagonists
ller H1,
Brekelmans M1, Bleker S1, Bauersachs R2, Boda Z3, Bu
4
5
4
4
Choi Y , Gallus A , Grosso M , Mercuri M , Middeldorp S1,
Oh D6, Raskob G7, Schwocho L4 and Cohen A8
1
Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center Amsterdam,
Amsterdam, The Netherlands; 2Vascular Medicine, Klinikum
Darmstadt GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany; 3Thrombosis and
Haemostasis Center, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary;
4
Pharma Development, Daiichi-Sankyo, Edison, USA; 5SA
Pathology, Flinders Medical Centre & Flinders University,
Adelaide, Australia; 6Hematology-oncology, CHA University,
Gyeonggi-do, Korea; 7College of Public Health, University of
Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, USA;
8
Haematological Medicine, Guys and St Thomas Hospitals,
Kings College, London, UK
Background: Edoxaban is a direct acting oral anticoagulant (DOAC)
that can be prescribed in a fixed dose regimen. The Hokusai VTE
study revealed that, after initial treatment with heparin, edoxaban was
ABSTRACTS
as effective as and safer than vitamin K antagonists (VKA) in the
treatment of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. There is
little data about the clinical impact of bleeding events with edoxaban.
Aims: We blindly classified all major bleedings from the Hokusai VTE
study for the severity of presentation and their clinical course.
Methods: All major bleeding events were classified blindly by three
investigators, first separately and afterwards together. Pre-defined criteria were used. The first classification assessed the severity of clinical
presentation. Category one comprised presentation without medical
emergency, category three great medical emergency and category four
fatal or almost fatal events. Category two was reserved for all other
events. The second classification assessed clinical course. Category one
consisted of only measures to treat discomfort, category two standard
measures, category three elaborate measures to avoid death and category four was assigned when no lifesaving attempts were undertaken
(death was unavoidable).
Results: Major bleeding occurred in 56 patients treated with edoxaban
and 65 patients treated with VKA. The worst categories (three or four)
of the clinical presentation were assigned to 46% of the major bleeding
episodes in edoxaban recipients vs. 58% of the major bleeds in VKA
recipients (odds ratio 0.62, 95% CI 0.301.27). Clinical course was
classified as severe (category 3 or 4) in 23% of the edoxaban and 27%
of the VKA associated bleeds (odds ratio 0.79, 95% CI 0.351.80).
Conclusion: Edoxaban associated major bleeding showed a trend
towards a milder presentation and a milder course when compared to
major bleeding events with VKA in patients treated for venous thromboembolism in the Hokusai VTE study.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Brekelmans: None declared, S. Bleker: None
declared, R. Bauersachs: None declared, Z. Boda: None declared, H.
B
uller Consultant for: Daiichi Sankyo for steering cie activities, Y.
Choi Employee of: Daiichi-Sankyo, A. Gallus Paid Instructor at:
BMS and Pfizer, M. Grosso Employee of: Daiichi-Sankyo, M. Mercuri Employee of: Daiichi-Sankyo, S. Middeldorp Grant/Research
Support from: GSK/Aspen, BMS/Pfizer, Sanquin and Bayer, Consultant for: Bayer, BMS/Pfizer, Boehringer Ingelheim and Daiichi Sankyo, Paid Instructor at: Bayer, GSK BMS/Pfizer, Boehringer
Ingelheim and Daiichi Sankyo, D. Oh Consultant for: Daiichi-Sankyo,
G. Raskob Consultant for: Daiichi Sankyo, Bayer Healthcare, BMS,
Boehringer Ingelheim, Isis Pharmaceuticals, Janssen, and Pfizer, L.
Schwocho Employee of: Daiichi-Sankyo, A. Cohen Consultant for:
Bayer, Boheringer-Ingelheim, BMS, Daiichi, GSK, Johnson and Johnson, Mitsubishi Pharma, Pfizer, Portola, Sanofi, Schering Plough,
Takeda, XO1, Paid Instructor at: Bayer, Boheringer-Ingelheim, BMS,
Daiichi, GSK, Johnson and Johnson, Mitsubishi Pharma, Pfizer, Portola, Sanofi, and Schering Plough.
OR200
Characteristics and reversal strategies of real-world
anticoagulation-related hemorrhage in the non-vitamin
K antagonist oral anticoagulant era: preliminary data
from a multicentre chart review
Xu Y1, Schulman S2, Dowlatshahi D3, Holbrook A2, Simpson C4,
Shepherd L5, Wells P3, Giulivi A6, Frymire E7 and Johnson AP8
1
School of Medicine, Queens University, Kingston; 2Department
of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton; 3Department of
Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; 4Department of
Medicine; 5Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine,
Queens University, Kingston; 6Department of Pathology and
Laboratory Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; 7Centre for
Health Services and Policy Research; 8Department of Public
Health Sciences, Queens University, Kingston, Canada
Background: Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs)
have expanded the options for antithrombotic therapy. While clinical
171
trial data demonstrate their favorable clinical outcomes following

major hemorrhage, vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) were reversed in
< 40% of cases, raising concerns on real-world applicability of this
finding.
Aims: To describe baseline characteristics of patients presenting with
NOAC- and VKA-related bleeding in routine care and the reversal
and transfusion strategies associated with these bleeds.
Methods: We screened records of patients 66 years admitted to three
tertiary care hospitals in Ontario, Canada who were discharged with
hemorrhagic diagnoses, for association with use of an oral anticoagulant. Bleeds involving NOACs or VKA were compared with chi-square
and t tests.
Results: A total of 12,988 charts from Oct 2010 to June 2014 were
screened; 941 of those met criteria of anticoagulant-associated bleeding and were abstracted. Baseline characteristics between NOAC and
VKA patients were similar across age (mean 81.1 vs. 80.8 for NOAC
and VKA, respectively), sex (63% male vs. 59%) and CHA2DS2-VASc
scores (mean 4.7 vs. 4.6). Proportion of bleeding which was gastrointestinal was higher for NOACs (69% vs. 42%, P < 0.01), but lower
for intracranial causes (15% vs. 33%, P < 0.01) Red blood cell transfusions occurred in 61% and 39% of NOAC- and VKA-related bleeds,
respectively. Among VKA bleeds, vitamin K (75%), PCC (41%) and
FFP (22%) were the most commonly used reversal agents.
Conclusion: In this real-world cohort of hospital inpatients with oral
anticoagulant-related hemorrhage, we observed similar baseline characteristics between NOAC- and VKA-bleed patients. While the distribution of anatomical site of bleeding was consistent with those
reported in clinical trials, higher rates of VKA reversal attempts were
observed when compared to trial data. Mortality rates and healthcare
costs for this cohort will provide important future insights.
Disclosure of Interest: Y. Xu: None declared, S. Schulman Consultant
for: Boehringer Ingelheim, Bayer Healthcare and Bristol-MyerSquibb, D. Dowlatshahi Grant/Research Support from: Octapharma,
Consultant for: Boehringer Ingleheim, A. Holbrook: None declared,
C. Simpson: None declared, L. Shepherd: None declared, P. Wells:
None declared, A. Giulivi: None declared, E. Frymire: None declared,
A. Johnson: None declared.
Von Willebrand disease clinical

OR201
von Willebrand disease: does von Willebrand factor
deficiency decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease?
Seaman C1, Ragni M1, Yabes J2 and Comer D2
1
Medicine; 2Center for Research On Healthcare Data Center,
University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
Background: von Willebrand factor (VWF) plays a critical role in
platelet adhesion and aggregation after vascular injury and at sites of
high shear rates. Elevated VWF levels are associated with an increased
risk of ischemic cardiovascular events. Furthermore, animal studies
indicate VWF deficiency is protective against atherosclerosis; however,
it is unclear if this is the case in humans.
Aims: To compare the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD)
among patients with and without von Willebrand disease (VWD).
Methods: We performed a retrospective database analysis using discharge data among adults from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample
(NIS) between the years 2009 and 2011. CVD was defined as ischemic
heart disease (IHD), myocardial infarction (MI), ischemic cerebrovascular disease, or peripheral vascular disease. Prevalence calculations
and statistical analyses used discharge-level weights provided by NIS
to reflect national estimates. CVD was compared across groups using
Rao-Scott chi-square test. Multivariable logistic regression was used
to estimate the odds of CVD in patients with VWD after adjustment
for age, gender, and CVD related risk factors (hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus).
172
ABSTRACTS
Results: The prevalence of CVD in patients with VWD (unweighted

n = 7556) was less than the prevalence of CVD in patients without
VWD (unweighted n = 19,918,970), 15.0% vs. 26.0%, P < 0.001.
IHD, 11.57% vs. 20.63, P < 0.001, and MI, 3.38% vs. 7.24%
P < 0.001, were less common in patients with VWD than patients
without VWD. VWD was associated with a decreased risk of CVD
given age, gender, and CVD related risk factors, odds ratio
(OR) = 0.84, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.78, 0.90. The risk of
IHD, OR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.79, 0.92, and MI, OR = 0.68, 95% CI:
0.60, 0.77, was less following adjustment for age, gender, and CVD
related risk factors.
Conclusion: These findings indicate the risk of CVD is decreased
among patients with VWD and VWF deficiency may be protective
against CVD. Prospective observational studies are warranted.
OR202
Qualitative and quantitative modifications of von
Willebrand factor in essential thrombocythemia: the
role of platelets and non-ADAMTS13-dependent
proteolytic processing
Lancellotti S1, Dragani A2, Ranalli P2, Petrucci G3, Basso M1,
Tartaglione R4, Rocca B3 and De Cristofaro R1
1
Center for Haemorrhagic and Thrombotic Diseases, Department
of Medical Sciences, Catholic University School of Medicine, A.
Gemelli Hospital, Rome; 2Center for Haemorrhagic, Thrombotic
and Rare Hematologic Diseases, Spirito Santo Hospital, Pescara;
3
Institute of Pharmacology, Catholic University School of
Medicine, A. Gemelli Hospital; 4Institute of Haematology,
Complesso Integrato Columbus and Catholic University School of
Medicine, Rome, Italy
Background: Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is characterized by
increased platelet generation and thrombosis. Major bleeding are more
rare and associated with extreme thrombocytosis. An acquired von
Willebrand disease has been hypothesized based on a putative VWF
consumption at extremely-high platelet count. However, whether and
how VWF is modified in ET, even in patients with controlled platelet
counts, remains poorly characterized.
Aims: We studied different VWF and platelet-associated parameters in
ET patients treated according to current recommendations.
Methods: Sixty-nine ET patients, 69 matched controls and 10 reactive
thrombocytosis (RT). VWF:antigen (Ag), activity (act), VWF multimers (VWFm), VWF:propeptide, plasma glycocalycin (GC), glycoprotein-V (GpV), ADAMTS-13, elastase and serum thromboxane (TX)
B2 were measured.
Results: In ET, VWF:Ag was increased by 31 13% vs. controls
(P < 0.01) and was not influenced by blood group, while VWF:act was
reduced by 21 12% vs. controls and by 50 24% vs. RT
(P < 0.01). The ratio VWF(Act:Ag) was studied as an index of VWF
integrity, and in ET were reduced by 35 17% vs. controls and RT
(P < 0.001) and significantly associated with immature or total platelet
counts, GC, GpV, and TXB2. In multivariable analysis, only GC
inversely predicted ET VWF(Act:Ag) ratios (qs = 0.42, P = 0.01).
High-molecular-weight VWFm were variably reduced with atypical
cleavage bands in ET only. The VWF proteolytic pattern of ET
patients was incompatible with cleavage by ADAMTS-13 alone, at
variance with RT. Platelet-associated ADAM-10 and ADAM-17
hydrolyzed VWFm in vitro showed patterns similar to ET samples.
Conclusion: In ET patients with controlled platelet counts, the VWF
(Act:Ag) is decreased and predicted by GC, a product of platelet activation. In vivo platelet activation, which characterizes ET, might contribute to VWF alterations by ADAM-10 and ADAM-17 proteolytic
activity.
OR203
Impact of annexin A2 SNP on von Willebrand factor
levels in patients with moderate and severe von
Willebrand disease
Van Heerde W1, van Puffelen J1, Kloots I1, Boender J2,
Sanders Y2, Cnossen M3, Laros-van Gorkom B4, Fijnvandraat K5,
Schoormans S1, van der Bom J6, Meijer K7, MauserBunschoten E8, Eikenboom J9, Kiemeney L10, Leebeek F2 and on
behalf of WIN study group
1
Deptartment of Lab Med, Lab of Hematology, Section TH,
Radboudumc, Nijmegen; 2Department of Hematology, Erasmus
University Medical Center; 3Department of Pediatric
Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center-Sophia
Childrens Hospital, Rotterdam; 4Department of Hematology,
Radboudumc, Nijmegen; 5Department of Pediatric Hematology,
Emma Childrens Hospital, Academic Medical Center,
Amsterdam; 6Department of Clinical Epidemiology, 8Jon J van
Rood Center for Clinical Transfusion Medicine, Leiden University
Medical Center, Sanquin Research, Leiden; 7Department of
Hematology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen;
8
Van Creveldkliniek/Department of Hematology, University
Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht; 9Department of Thrombosis and
Hemostasis and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular
Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden;
10
Department of Health Evidence, Radboudumc, Rotterdam, The
Netherlands
Background: von Willebrand Factor (VWF) is stored in Weibel Palade
Bodies (WPB) present in endothelial cells. Exocytosis of WPB is regulated by the phospholipid binding protein Annexin A2 (AnxA2).
Recently a common AnxA2 SNP (rs17845226, c.346G>T) was identified, which causes a Valine to Leucine amino acid change and affects
plasma vWF levels in controls. The frequency of the minor T allele in
controls was 0.09.
Aims: In this study the prevalence of the minor T allele, associated
with lower vWF levels in controls, and its effect on VWF plasma levels
was analyzed in the nation-wide cross-sectional Willebrand in the
Netherlands (WiN) population.
Methods: Plasma and DNA was collected from 745 type 1 and 2 VWD
patients. rs17845226 was genotyped by Sanger sequencing. VWF Antigen (VWF:Ag), VWF activity (VWF:act) and vWF collagen binding
activity levels (VWF:CB) were measured centrally. SNP data of a genome-wide association study (GWAS) control population (n = 1502) of
the Nijmegen Biomedical Study (NBS) was used to calculate the Odds
ratio (OR) with its 95% confidence interval for the WiN patients.
Results: The prevalence of the minor c.346 T-allele was shown to be
increased in the WiN population compared to controls (OR = 1.49,
1.201.85), especially in patients with type 1 (n = 409; OR = 1.57,
1.202.02) and type 2B (n = 39; OR = 2.36, 1.164.61). In patients
with type 1 VWD significant lower levels of VWF:Ag (TT:
35.8 IU Ll1, GT: 34.7 IU dL1, GG: 42.2 IU dL1; P = 0.014) and
VWF:act (TT: 43.6 IU dL1, GT: 43.0 IU dL1, GG: 52.4 IU dL1;
P = 0.043) were determined in homozygous and heterozygous carriers
of the SNP as compared to non-carriers. vWF:CB levels (TT:
42.4 IU dL1, GT: 40.5 IU dL1, GG: 48.9 IU dL1; P = 0.054)
showed a trend to lower levels.
Conclusion: The AnxA2 c.346 T-allele is associated with lower VWF
among VWD patients in the WiN population and has an increased
prevalence. This indicates that the severity and laboratory phenotype
of VWD may be partly determined by the Annexin2 polymorphism.
Disclosure of Interest: W. Van Heerde Grant/Research Support from:
unrestricted educational grants from Bayer, Baxter and CSL Behring,
J. van Puffelen: None declared, I. Kloots: None declared, J. Boender:
None declared, Y. Sanders Paid Instructor at: instructor at educational activities of Baxter, M. Cnossen Grant/Research Support from:
unrestricted research/educational funding for various projects from
ABSTRACTS
the following companies: Bayer Schering Pharma, Baxter, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer and Novartis, B. Laros-van Gorkom Grant/Research Support from: unrestricted educational grants from Baxter and CSL
Behring, and speaker fees from Sanquin, K. Fijnvandraat Grant/
Research Support from: unrestricted research grants from CSL Behring and Bayer; member of the European Hemophilia Treatment and
Standardisation Board sponsored by Baxter, S. Schoormans: None
declared, J. van der Bom Grant/Research Support from: unrestricted
research/educational funding for various projects from the following
companies: Bayer Schering Pharma, Baxter, CSL Behring, Novo Nordisk and Pfizer, Consultant for: Baxter and Pfizer, Paid Instructor at:
educational activities of Bayer Schering Pharma, Consultant for:, Consultant for: Baxter and Pfizer, Paid Instructor at: Paid Instructor at:
educational activities of Bayer Schering Pharma, K. Meijer Grant/
Research Support from: received research support from Bayer and
Baxter and was a member of the Dutch hemophilia advisory board of
CSL Behring, E. Mauser-Bunschoten Grant/Research Support from:
received research support from CSL Behring, Bayer, Baxter, Novo
Nordisk, Pfizer, Sanquin and Griffols, J. Eikenboom Grant/Research
Support from: received research support from CSL Behring and he
has been a teacher on the educational activities of Roche, L. Kiemeney: None declared, F. Leebeek Grant/Research Support from:
received research support from CSL Behring for performing the WiN
study, Consultant for: advisory boards of CSL Behring and Baxter.
OR204
Variability in von Willebrand factor antigen (VWF:Ag)
levels in prospective studies of the Zimmerman
Program for the molecular and clinical biology of von
Willebrand disease (ZPMCB-VWD) subjects
Friedman KD1,2, Christopherson PA3, Flood VH2,3, Gill JC1,2,
Haberichter SL3, Montgomery RR3 and on behalf of Zimmerman
Program Investigators
1
Blood Center of Wisconsin; 2Medical College of Wisconsin;
3
Blood Research Institute, Blood Center of Wisconsin,
Milwaukee, USA
Background: VWF levels vary over time, complicating the diagnosis of
type 1 von Willebrand disease (VWD).
Aims: To determine the fidelity of the diagnosis of type 1 VWD, subjects in the ZPMCB-VWD are being re-evaluated over time.
Methods: We examined 173 subjects enrolled in ZPMCB-VWD in
whom a family member was diagnosed with VWD at the referring center, including 113 Index Cases, 51 affected family members and 9 unaffected family members. At study entry, all subjects had factor VIII,
VWF:Ag, VWF:RCo, VWF propeptide and VWF multimer analyzed
at the clinical core lab. Phenotypic diagnosis was assigned using these
entry labs as either quantitative VWF deficiency (VWF:Ag 50,
n = 89), type 2 or 3 VWD (n = 43), type 1H (historic diagnosis, but
entry labs did not confirm VWD, n = 20), or non-VWD (n = 21).
Median age at enrollment was 19 (range 072) and at follow-up (FU)
was 24 (range 377). Baseline levels were drawn from 2006 to 2013 and
FU samples in 20122014; historic levels at referral centers were collected between 1982 and 2012.
Results: For the entire group, mean historic VWF:Ag was 38.2
U dL1, entry 45.6 IU dL1 and FU 42.0 IU dL1. Of the 45 patients
with VWF:Ag 30, at FU, 6 (13%) had VWF:Ag in the low VWF
range (VWF:Ag 3150) and 1 (2%) had a level > 50. Of the 40 subjects
with VWF:Ag 3150 at entry, 6 (15%) had FU levels > 50 and 1 (3%)
had a level 30. Of subjects with VWF:Ag 5170 (n = 20), 8 (40%)
had FU levels of 3150 and no FU level was 30. Finally, of subjects
with entry VWF:Ag > 70 (n = 27), only 1 had a FU level in the 3150
range.
Conclusion: In this selected group of patients, the fidelity of a diagnosis
of quantitative VWF deficiency is a function of the VWF:Ag at the
173
time of study entry, with 95% of patients continuing to show type 1

VWD if the entry level was 30, but some patients with levels between
51% and 70% showing deficiency upon repeat study. For patients in
whom quantitative VWF deficiency is being considered, the initial
VWF:Ag level may serve as a guide to whether repeated studies will
assist in diagnosis.
OR205
Characterization of a new genetically-engineered von
Willebrand disease type 2B mouse model
re C1,2, Legendre P1,2,
Adam F1,2, Casari C1,2, Kauskot A1,2, Loubie
1,2
3,4
1,2
Reperant C , Baruch D , Rosa J-P , Bryckaert M1,2,
Christophe OD1,2, Lenting P1,2 and Denis CV1,2
1
U1176, Inserm; 2University Paris Sud, Le Kremlin-Bic^
etre;
3
U1140, Inserm; 4University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
Background: von Willebrand disease-type 2B (VWD2B) is characterized by gain-of-function mutations localized in Von Willebrand factor
(VWF) A1 domain. We engineered the first knock-in murine model for
type 2B VWD in the murine Vwf gene leading to the p.V1316M/VWF
mutation.
Aims: To characterize the hemostatic phenotype of this VWD2B
mouse model.
Methods: Hematological parameters were determined for heterozygous
(HET) and homozygous (KI) VWD2B mice. Platelet function was
assessed in vivo in a tail bleeding assay and in a thrombosis model, and
in vitro in thrombus formation over collagen under flow conditions
and in platelet aggregation. Platelet adhesion to secreted VWF by
endothelial cells was also evaluated in vivo.
Results: Platelet count was decreased for HET (10%) and KI (50%)
mice, and KI platelets exhibited a 44% increase in size. In tail bleeding
assays, bleeding time was variable for HET mice (45% over 10 min),
while infinite for KI mice. In a FeCl3-induced in vivo thrombosis
model, vessel occlusion was variably delayed in HET mice, while no
occlusion ever occurred in KI mice. In vitro, HET and KI platelets displayed a defective thrombus formation in a whole-blood perfusion
assay. Aggregation was decreased at low doses of agonists in HET
platelets and abolished in KI platelets. At high doses, aggregation of
HET platelets was normal, but still defective in KI platelets.
Finally, surprisingly after in vivo stimulation of endothelial cells, platelet-decorated VWF strings were enhanced in KI mice. Moreover, the
lifetime of VWF strings was prolonged, suggesting resistance against
ADAMTS13-mediated proteolysis.
Conclusion: Our genetically-engineered VWD2B mice represent a new
and useful model to study the consequences of spontaneous VWFplatelet interactions and the physiopathology of the human disease.
174
ABSTRACTS
Platelets I
OR206
Single cell tracking reveals autonomous locomotion as
a platelet function facilitating thrombus reorganization
Gaertner F and on behalf of Z. Ahmad, G. Yavuz, M. Lorenz, S.
Chandraratne, I. Schubert, R. Hennel, L. Nicolai, M. Janko, K.
ttcher, C. Leon, C. Gachet, T. Gudermann, M.
Stark, R.T. Bo
Mederos y Schnitzler, Z. Pincus, K. Lauber, M. Sixt and S.
Massberg
Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Ludwig-Maximiliansnchen, Germany
Universitat, Mu
Background: Platelets are anucleated cells that circulate in mammalian
blood relentlessly scanning the vasculature for damage of the endothelial surface. Once recruited from the blood stream, platelets are generally considered to be immotile, attaching firmly and spreading on
whatever subendothelial matrix or plasma protein they first encounter.
However due to the high platelet density within a thrombus and the
small platelet size, we actually know only very little about the exact
behavior of individual platelets within a forming thrombus.
Aims: Here we aimed to identfy the dynamic behavior of individual
platelets during thrombus formation.
Methods: Using 2-photon intravital microscopy we identified and
tracked single multicolored platelets during thrombus formation following vascular injury in vivo. Live cell imaging of isolated platelets was
used to quantify the morphodynamics of platelet locomotion in vitro.
Results: By single cell tracking we demonstrate autonomous locomotion of activated platelets within their physiological environment.
Platelets polarize, become motile and migrate while undergoing the
typical cycles of cell migration established for other cell types. We
show that the major intra- and extracellular factors governing platelet
migration include actin-mediated protrusion and integrin-dependent
adhesion formation at the leading edge, balanced by calcium-mediated
myosin IIa-dependent contraction and adhesion release at the trailing
edge to maintain polarization and forward movement. Governed by
the local adhesiveness of the microenvironment, platelet migration
facilitates the redistribution of individual platelets towards regions of
higher adhesiveness, thereby reorganizing thrombi in vivo.
Conclusion: Here we identify anucleated platelets as motile cells and
demonstrate autonomous platelet migration as a platelet function regulating thrombus formation.
OR207
More than just red cells: how do hemostatic thrombi
prevent the loss of plasma-borne molecules?
Welsh JD1, Muthard RW2, Stalker TJ1, Taliaferro J1, Diamond SL2
and Brass LF1
1
Medicine; 2Chemical Engineering, University of Pennsylvania,
Philadelphia, USA
Background: Hemostatic thrombi formed after penetrating injuries
have a structure in which a core of fully-activated, densely-packed
platelets is overlaid with a shell of less-activated, loosely-packed platelets. Past studies show that this structure is able to halt red cell loss at
a time when only small numbers of platelets and little fibrin have accumulated.
Aims: Based on the hypothesis that escape of plasma-borne and platelet-derived molecules affects wound healing and inflammatory
responses to injury, we examined the relationship between thrombus
structure and the formation of a seal sufficient to limit the delivery of
bioactive molecules into surrounding tissues.
Methods: Mice were infused with albumin linked to caged fluorescein

(cAlb) prior to laser injury in cremaster muscle venules. Intravital
microscopy tracked thrombus formation and plasma loss.
Results: cAlb extravasation continued well after red cell loss ended,
decreasing with time, but still detectable after 20 min. During this period fibrin accumulated and thrombus core-and-shell architecture
emerged. Inhibition of platelet accumulation via infusion of eptifibatide resulted in enhanced plasma loss. Hirudin had little effect despite
abolishing fibrin deposition. Blocking ADP receptors stripped away
the thrombus shell, increasing cAlb loss by 40% 3 min after injury,
while introduction of Gi2 gain of function mutation increased the size
of the shell without significantly affecting plasma loss. Finally,
thrombi formed in mice with a defect in clot retraction showed
reduced packing density in the core and a 30% increase in plasma
leak.
Conclusion: These results show that the hemostatic seal formed after
penetrating vascular injuries is initially much less effective in limiting
the loss of plasma than red cells, and suggests that in this model the
entire core-and-shell architecture is needed for maximal control of
plasma loss. Fibrin accumulation, in contrast, appears to play only a
minor role in this aspect of hemostasis.
OR208
Dicer, the key enzyme of RNA interference, is
regulated by thrombin stimulation in human platelets
Manni G, Bury L, Piselli E and Gresele P
Deptartment of Internal Medicine Section of Internal and
Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Perugia, perugia, Italy
Background: Although anucleate, circulating platelets contain messenger RNAs (mRNA) and microRNAs (miRNA) and synthesize new
proteins upon activation. Platelets contain functional Dicer and Argonaute 2, able to process miRNA precursors (pre-miRNA) and to control the expression of specific transcripts. miRNAs of human platelets
can be up or down-regulated upon thrombin stimulation.
Aims: Our aim was to evaluate whether de novo synthesis of Dicer
occurs in platelets upon thrombin stimulation and to show if this may
modify miRNAs and mRNAs profile.
Methods: Platelets from healthy human volunteers were purified by immunomagnetic beads, resuspended at 0.5 9 106 lL1 and activated
with thrombin for different intervals. Dicer protein expression was
analysed by western blotting in lysed platelets and by flow cytometry
in permeabilized platelets. The translational inhibitor puromycin and
radiolabelling of proteins by S35-methionine were used to confirm de
novo protein synthesis. Radioactive Dicer isolated by immunoprecipitation was quantified by liquid scintillation counting. Expression of
mRNA for P2Y12 was quantified by RT-PCR to evaluate the activity
of Dicer because it is a target of the most aboundant miRNA present
in platelets, mir-223.
Results: Dicer protein and mRNA are present in resting human platelets. Activation with thrombin induces a rapid increase in the expression of Dicer protein in platelets, already evident at 5 min and steadily
increasing until 60 min. The increase of Dicer was blocked by pretreatment with puromycin. S35-methionine was incorporated into
Dicer in activated platelets, confirming de novo synthesis. Thrombin
induced a down-regulation of P2Y12 which correlated with Dicer
increase.
Conclusion: Thrombin induces a rapid and marked de novo synthesis
of Dicer in human platelets. Newly synthesized Dicer is functional
because it modifies the expression of a target platelet mRNA (P2Y12
mRNA). Our results add an additional level of complexity to the control of gene expression in human platelets.
ABSTRACTS
OR209
Replication of platelet reactivity genome-wide
association single nucleotide polymorphisms in the
Caerphilly Prospective Study
Eicher JD1,2, Xue L3, Ben-Shlomo Y4, Beswick A5 and
Johnson AD1,2
1
The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham; 2Cardiovascular
Epidemiology and Human Genomics, National Heart, Lung, and
Blood Institute; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda;
3
Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public
Health, Boston, USA; 4School of Social and Community
Medicine; 5School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol,
Bristol, UK
Background: Recently, our group completed the largest genome-wide
association study (GWAS) on platelet reactivity. We showed associations of many single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in or near
PEAR1, MRVI1, RGS18, ARHGEF3, JMJD1C, among others.
Aims: Our goal was to replicate the association of 13 SNPs in our prior
GWAS in the Caerphilly Prospective Study (CaPs), a UK populationbased cohort of middle-aged men.
Methods: Platelet reactivity was measured by shear-stress, ADP in
whole blood, ADP in platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and thrombin in
PRP. Platelet count (PLT) and mean platelet volume (MPV) were also
collected. 13 SNPs, with genome-wide or suggestive associations in
our prior GWAS, were genotyped using KASP and called with SNPViewer. Approximately 1350 subjects had both platelet-related and
SNP data. Platelet reactivity and count measures were analyzed for
additive and recessive genetic associations, correcting for exam and
age.
Results: The strongest platelet reactivity associations were seen
between PEAR1 SNP rs12566888 and reactivity to thrombin
(P = 1.8 9 106) and ADP (P = 9.2 9 106). There were also associations of RGS18 SNP rs4128880 with ADP reactivity (P = 1.9 9 104).
These SNPs, as well as other platelet reactivity specific SNPs, did not
show association with PLT or MPV. However, we did replicate associations of rs10761741 in JMJD1C (P = 2.0 9 108) and rs12485738 in
ARHGEF3 (P = 1.1 9 104) with MPV.
Conclusion: We replicated associations of SNPs in PEAR1 and RGS18
with platelet reactivity as well as SNPs in JMJD1C and ARHGEF3
with MPV. We report the first genetic associations with thrombin reactivity at the PEAR1 locus, now genetically linked to ADP, epinephrine, thrombin, and anti-platelet therapeutic response. Strikingly,
platelet reactivity SNPs did not show associations with PLT or MPV,
suggesting these traits are influenced by distinct genetic factors. We
will examine these genetic factors further by completing a GWAS of
platelet function and count in CaPS.
OR210
Vps33b regulates VWF positive vesicles transportation
to proplatelet
Dai J1,2, Lu Y1,2, Wang C1, Chen X1, Shi P1, Fan X1, Wu X1,
Wang K1, Wang X2 and Liu J1
1
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology,
Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; 2Department
of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong
University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Background: Vacuolar protein sorting protein 33b (Vps33b) mutations
cause ARC syndrome with a common feature of lack of a-granules in
the patients platelets. Although a putative mechanism of Vps33b
mostly comes from the study of yeast homologue Vps33, the precise
175
function of Vps33b involvement in a-granule formation remains

unknown.
Aims: To study the mechanisms of Vps33b involved in a-granule formation.
Methods: Conditional Vps33b knockout mice were developed to investigate the function(s) of Vps33b in platelet a-granule formation. CoIP, MS and immunoblotting were used to identification the Vps33b
complex. IF images were obtained to illustrate the localization of
Vps33b complex with a-granule related vesicles.
Results: We found that early embryonic deletion of Vps33b was lethal.
PF4-Cre driven megakaryocytic Vps33b deletion significantly eliminated Vps33b expression in platelets, but had no effect on platelet agranule formation. Tamoxifen induced HSC-specific Vps33b deletion
completely depleted Vps33b in platelets and caused the absence of agranules and increased numbers of vacuoles in platelets. Vps33b association with Vps16b, a-tubulin and Sec22b was identified by coIP, MS and immunoblotting. Also, pull-down experiments revealed
that Vps16b bound to intact Vps33b; in contrast, a-tubulin and Sec22b
interacted with the sec1-like domains of Vps33b. Furthermore, vWF
positive vesicles obviously spread along the Vps33b complex in differentiated MEG-01 cells. Transportation of the vWF positive vesicles to
proplatelets was arrested in the differentiated primary Vps33b deficient
megakaryocyte, suggesting that Vps33b complex regulates a-granule
formation by the incorporation of the vWF-positive vesicles into the
proplatelets.
Conclusion: The results demonstrate the previously undocumented
new mechanisms of Vps33b in platelet a-granule formation. Vps33b
apparently regulates vWF-positive vesicles transportation to proplatelet in differentiated megakaryocyte, thus plays an essential role in
platelet a-granule biogenesis.
Hemophilia novel Treatments

OR211
Personalization of treatment regimens for active
patients: a comparison of factor VIII and extended halflife treatment regimens
Schwartz E1, Xiong Y1, Epstein JD1, Ewenstein B2 and
Valentino LA2
1
Medical Outcomes Research and Economics, Baxter Healthcare,
Westlake Village; 2Global Medical Affairs, Baxter Healthcare,
Deerfield, USA
Background: Personalizing FVIII treatment includes matching infusions with patient lifestyle. With new extended half-life (EHL) FVIII
products, it is important to identify which patients may be most appropriately treated on different treatment products/regimens.
Aims: Estimate relative bleeding risk between prophylaxis regimens
using recombinant FVIII (rFVIII) and BAX 855, an investigational
EHL-rFVIII, among different patient physical activity profiles.
Methods: A literature-based model was developed with FVIII levels
estimated from a one-compartment pharmacokinetic model (Collins
2010). Half-life and incremental recovery for rFVIII and EHLFrFVIII were taken from the BAX 855 pivotal trial. Three prophylaxis
regimens were used: rFVIII 30 IU kg1 every other day (EOD),
rFVIII 35 IU kg1 39 per week, and BAX 855 45 IU kg1 29 per
week. Activity categories were from the NHF Playing It Safe brochure. Three hypothetical activity profiles were evaluated: Consistently
Active (M-Sun: Type 2), Regular Exerciser (M-F: Type 2, Sat-Sun:
Type 1), and Weekend Warrior (M-F: Type 1, Sat-Sun: Type 3).
Bleeding risk by activity category and FVIII was calculated using odds
ratios from Broderick 2012. For each regimen, the infusion schedule
with the lowest bleeding risk for the activity profile was used. The relative bleeding risks were compared between regimens.
176
ABSTRACTS
Results: For the Regular Exerciser, rVIII 39 per week was estimated
to have a 2% and 8% lower relative bleeding risk than BAX 855 and
rFVIII EOD respectively. For the Weekend Warrior, BAX855 was
estimated to have a 12% and 13% lower relative bleeding risk for
rFVIII 39 per week and rFVIII EOD respectively. For the Consistently Active patient rFVIII EOD was estimated to have a 5% and 8%
lower relative bleeding risk for both rFVIII 39 per week and BAX 855
respectively.
Conclusion: The model suggests different patient types may be better
suited for rFVIII while others for BAX 855 29 per week. Physicians
should consider personalizing treatment using different products and
regimens for different patient types.
OR212
Clinical evaluation of novel recombinant
glycopegylated FVIII (turoctocog alfa pegol, N8-GP):
efficacy and safety in previously treated patients with
severe hemophilia A results of pathfinderTM2
international trial
Giangrande P1, Chowdary P2, Enhrenforth S3, Hanabusa H4,
Leebeek FW5, Lentz SR6, Nemes L7, Poulsen LH8,
Santagostino E9, You CW10, Clausen WHO3, Oldenburg J11 and
on behalf of for the pathfinderTM2 Investigators
1
Churchill Hospital, Oxford; 2KD Haemophilia Centre and
Thrombosis Unit, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK; 3Novo
Nordisk A/S, Sborg, Denmark; 4Ogikubo Hospital, Tokyo,
Japan; 5Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The
Netherlands; 6The University of Iowa, Iowa, USA; 7State Health
Center, Budapest, Hungary; 8Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus,
Denmark; 9Maggiore Hospital Policlinico, Milan, Italy; 10Eulji
University Hospital, Seongnam-si, Korea; 11University Clinic
Bonn, Bonn, Germany
Background: N8-GP (turoctocog alfa pegol) is a novel glycoPEGylated
long-acting rFVIII product developed for safe and effective prophylaxis and treatment of bleeding episodes in patients with hemophilia
A, with less frequent dosing in comparison to regular FVIII products.
Aims: This phase 3 trial (NCT01480180 [www.clinicaltrials.gov]) was a
multi-national, open-label trial evaluating safety, pharmacokinetics
and clinical efficacy of N8-GP when administered for prophylaxis and
treatment of bleeds in previously treated patients (PTP) ( 12 years)
with severe hemophilia A (FVIII < 1%).
Methods: Patients were allocated (non-randomized) to receive N8-GP
for prophylaxis (PPX) at 50 U kg1 every 4th day, or for on-demand
treatment (OD). Bleeds were to be treated with doses between 20 and
75 U kg1 in both treatment arms.
Results: In the trial, 175 patients received N8-GP for PPX and 12
patients received OD when bleeds occurred (one patient changed treatment regimen, and is included in both the prophylaxis and on-demand
arm). Patients were treated for up to 21 months, resulting in median
annualized bleeding rates of 1.3 for patients treated prophylactically
and 30.9 for patients on OD. A total of 40% of the patients treated
prophylactically did not experience any bleeds. N8-GP was used to
treat a total of 968 bleeds in 117 patients across treatment arms, of
which 95.5% were resolved with 2 injections of N8-GP. The pharmacokinetic analysis documented a single dose half-life of 18.3 h for
N8-GP. Treatment with N8-GP was found to be safe and well tolerated. One out of 186 patients developed FVIII inhibitors after 93 N8GP exposure days, revealing a frequency in line with expectations in a
population of PTP.
Conclusion: N8-GP was effective in the treatment of bleeds and in prophylaxis of bleeding and appeared safe and well tolerated.
Disclosure of Interest: P. Giangrande Grant/Research Support from:

Novo Nordisk, Consultant for: Novo Nordisk, P. Chowdary Grant/
Research Support from: Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, CSL Behring, Consultant for: Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, CSL Behring, Baxter, Biogen Idec, Bayer, S. Enhrenforth Employee of: Novo Nordisk, H. Hanabusa Paid
Instructor at: Baxter Healthcare, Novo Nordisk, Bayer, Pfizer, Biogen
Idec and KaketsuKen, Speaker Bureau of: Baxter Healthcare, Novo
Nordisk, KaketsuKen and Biogen Idec, F. Leebeek: None declared, S.
Lentz Grant/Research Support from: Novo Nordisk, Consultant for:
Novo Nordisk, L. Nemes: None declared, L. Poulsen Consultant for:
Bayer Health Care, Speaker Bureau of: Bayer Health Care, Pfizer, E.
Santagostino Grant/Research Support from: Pfizer, Bayer, Baxter,
Novo Nordisk, CSL Behring, Grifols, Biotest, Consultant for: Pfizer,
Speaker Bureau of: Biotest, Octpharma, C. You: None declared, W.
H. Clausen Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S, J. Oldenburg Grant/
Research Support from: Baxter, Bayer, Biogen Idec, Biotest, CSLBehring, Grifols, Novo Nordisk, Octapharma, Swedish Orphan Biovitrum and Pfizer, Paid Instructor at: Baxter, Bayer, Biogen Idec, Biotest, CSL-Behring, Grifols, Novo Nordisk, Octapharma, Swedish
Orphan Biovitrum and Pfizer, Speaker Bureau of: Baxter, Bayer, Biogen Idec, Biotest, CSL-Behring, Grifols, Novo Nordisk, Octapharma,
Swedish Orphan Biovitrum and Pfizer.
OR213
A subcutaneously administered investigational RNAi
therapeutic (ALN-AT3) targeting antithrombin for
treatment of hemophilia: interim phase 1 study results
in patients with hemophilia A or B
Sorensen B1, Mant T2, Georgiev P3, Rangarajan S4, John Pasi K5,
Creagh D6, Bevan DH7, Austin S8, Hay C9, Brand B10, Simon A1,
Melton L11, Lynam C1, Strahs A1, Sehgal A1, Hutabarat R1,
Chaturvedi P1, Barros S1, Garg P1, Vaishnaw A12, Akinc A1 and on
behalf of ALN-AT3 Investigators
1
Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA, USA; 2Quintiles,
London, UK; 3Division of Hematology, Medical University of
Plovdiv, Bulgaria; 4Southern Hemophilia Network, Basingstoke;
5
Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry,
London; 6Cornwall; 7Guys and St Thomass Hospital; 8St Georges
Hospital, London; 9Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS
Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; 10Department of
Hematology, Zurich University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland;
11
Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MY; 12Alnylam
Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge MA, USA
Background: Hemophilia A and B are characterized by defect thrombin generation (TG) and in the presence of normal levels of endogenous anticoagulants, a deficiency of factor VIII or IX results in
hemostatic imbalance and a bleeding phenotype.
Aims: ALN-AT3 is a subcutaneous (S.C.) investigational RNAi therapeutic targeting antithrombin (AT) with the purpose of increasing TG
and thereby restoring hemostatic balance in hemophilia.
Methods: A Phase 1 study (NCT02035605) in healthy volunteers and
subjects with severe or moderate hemophilia A or B. Part A is a single
ascending dose study in healthy volunteers. Parts B and C are multiple
ascending dose studies in hemophilia patients with weekly and
monthly dosing. Primary endpoints are safety and tolerability. Secondary endpoints are PK, AT knockdown (KD) and change in TG and
whole blood (WB) clot formation. Bleed pattern and control are
exploratory endpoints.
Results: Part A enrolled 4 subjects, randomized to 30 lg kg1 ALNAT3 or placebo (3:1). No SAEs or injection site reactions were
observed. A total of 5 mild AEs were recorded. The maximum AT KD
was 28% with mean maximum AT KD of 19 4.4% (mean SEM,
P < 0.01). This led to up to 152% increase in peak TG with mean
ABSTRACTS
maximum increase in peak TG of 138 8.9% (P < 0.01). The AT
KD was stable and durable for over 60 days. In Part B, several cohorts
of 3 hemophilia patients will receive 3 weekly doses of ALN-AT3.
Three weekly doses of 15 and 45 lg kg1 ALN-AT3 have been generally safe and well tolerated, and resulted in up to ~80% AT KD with
increased TG and improved WB clot formation. Updated results from
Parts B and C will be presented.
Conclusion: Emerging clinical data suggest that targeting AT could be
a promising approach for restoring hemostatic balance in hemophilia.
The potential for low volume S.C. administration, infrequent dosing,
and applicability to persons with hemophilia who have inhibitors,
make ALN-AT3 a particularly encouraging investigational therapy.
OR214
BAY 81-8973 prophylaxis efficacy in patients with
severe hemophilia A: analyses of annualized bleeding
rate outcomes in the LEOPOLD I trial
Mancuso ME1, Beckmann H2 and Enriquez MM2
1
Fondazione IRCCS Ca Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico,
Milan, Italy; 2Bayer Pharma AG, Wuppertal, Germany
Background: BAY 81-8973 is Bayers new full-length recombinant factor VIII (rFVIII) manufactured with technologies to improve consistency in glycosylation and expression for optimal clinical performance
in treating hemophilia A.
Aims: To examine dose, dosing regimens, annualized bleeding rate
(ABR), and time to bleed after prophylaxis infusion in subgroups of
patients receiving BAY 81-8973 prophylaxis in the open-label, randomized LEOPOLD I trial.
Methods: Patients meeting LEOPOLD I eligibility criteria (aged 12
65 years, severe hemophilia A, 150 exposure days to FVIII, no
inhibitors) received BAY 81-8973 prophylaxis (2050 IU kg1 239
per week per investigator decision) for 12 months.
Results: Patients treated 29 per week (n = 18) vs. 39 per week
(n = 44) during the study (mean age, 37 vs. 29 years) experienced a
median of 2.0 vs. 4.0 joint bleeds in the last 12 months; 89% vs. 77%
were previously treated with prophylaxis, and 56% vs. 77% had a target joint at baseline. Patients with 0 (n = 16) vs. 1 bleed (n = 46) during the study (mean age, 37 vs. 30 years) had a median of 2.0 vs. 7.0
bleeds in the last 12 months, and 63% vs. 74% had a target joint at
baseline; median annual dose was 4550 vs. 4886 IU kg1 year1 during the study, and 38% vs. 26% were treated 29 per week. Median
ABR was 1.0 for 29 per week prophylaxis vs. 2.0 for 39 per week; 2.0
for study months 06 vs. 0.0 for months 712 (all patients); 2.3 for
low-dose (2030 IU kg1 infusion1; n = 38) vs. 1.0 for high-dose
prophylaxis (3550 IU kg1 infusion1; n = 24); and 2.0 for
< 80 IU kg1 (n = 14) vs. 1.0 for 80 IU kg1 (n = 48) weekly prophylaxis dose. Median dose per infusion (IU kg1 infusion1) was
31.5 vs. 33.9 for patients treated 29 per week vs. 39 per week. Mean
time to bleed after infusion was 2.3 days for 29 per week vs. 1.8 days
for 39 per week treatment.
Conclusion: BAY 81-8973 prophylaxis 2939 per week improved outcomes across several subgroups of patients with severe hemophilia A.
Prestudy bleed rate was the best predictor for an on-study ABR of 0.
Disclosure of Interest: M. E. Mancuso Consultant for: acted as a consultant and member of advisory boards for Bayer, Baxter, Pfizer, and
CSL Behring, Speaker Bureau of: Bayer and Novo Nordisk, H. Beckmann Employee of: Bayer Pharma AG, M. Maas Enriquez Employee
of: Bayer Pharma AG.
177
OR215
Factors influencing the pharmacokinetics of pegylated
recombinant factor VIII (BAX 855) administered for
prophylaxis in previously treated patients with severe
hemophilia A
Stasyshyn O1, Engl W2, Abbuehl BE2, Empson VG2 and
Ewenstein B3
1
Institute of Blood Pathology and Transfusion Medicine under
the Ukrainian National Academy of Medical Sciences, Lviv,
Ukraine; 2Baxter Innovations GmbH, Vienna, Austria; 3Baxter
Healthcare Corporation, Westlake Village, USA
Background: BAX 855 is a novel polyethylene glycol (PEG)ylated fulllength recombinant factor VIII, built on the PEG-rAHF-PFM (ADVATE) protein, that has been developed to offer a safe and efficacious
option in treating hemophilia A while extending the half-life (T1/2).
The pharmacokinetics (PK) of FVIII exhibit considerable inter-patient
variability, thus determination of the patient factors influencing the
PK of BAX 855 may assist in individualized dosing.
Aims: To assess the PK of BAX 855 at initial administration and after
50 exposure days (EDs).
Methods: Adolescent (12 to < 18 years) and adult (1865 years) previously-treated male patients with severe hemophilia A received BAX
855 as prophylaxis (45 5 IU kg1 twice weekly), or on-demand (10
60 IU kg1). PK was assessed at the initial dose and after 50 EDs in
a subgroup on prophylaxis (n = 25 planned, including 6 adolescents). Subjects informed consent and appropriate ethics committee
approvals were obtained.
Results: The PK analysis included 26 subjects; median doses were
45.04 IU kg1 (initial infusion) and 45.83 IU kg1 (repeat PK infusion). T1/2, mean residence time (MRT), and area under the concentration curve from 0 to infinity (AUC0-) of BAX 855 were positively
correlated with VWF:Ag concentration (Spearman coefficients after
initial treatment: 0.72, 0.73 and 0.78). T1/2 was slightly shorter in adolescents than in adults (mean [SD] after the first dose: 13.43 h [4.051]
vs. 14.69 h [3.793]), as was MRT (17.96 h [5.490] vs. 20.27 h [5.234]).
Overall, the circulating time of BAX 855 was slightly longer after
50EDs than after the initial dose, as shown by the mean [SD] ratios
for T1/2 (1.181 [0.4730]) and MRT (1.101 [0.2567]). All results shown
were determined using the one-stage clotting assay; similar trends were
observed with the chromogenic assay.
Conclusion: The PK of BAX 855 is influenced by VWF:Ag levels, age
group and possibly by length of exposure.
Disclosure of Interest: O. Stasyshyn Grant/Research Support from:
Baxter Healthcare Corporation, W. Engl Employee of: Baxter Innovations GmbH, B. Abbuehl Employee of: Baxter Innovations GmbH, V.
Empson Employee of: Baxter Innovations GmbH, B. Ewenstein
Employee of: Baxter Healthcare Corporation.
Acquired disorders Clinical II

OR216
Comparative analysis of von Willebrand factor profiles
in left ventricular assist device and total artificial heart
recipients
Reich HJ1,2, Arabia FA1, Czer L1, Moriguchi J1, Ramzy D1,
Esmailian F1, Lam L3, Dunhill JA4 and Tcherniantchouk O5
1
Heart Institute; 2Surgery; 3Pharmacology; 4Hematology and
Oncology; 5Pathology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los
Angeles, USA
Background: Bleeding remains a significant clinical challenge during
mechanical circulatory support & underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. Functional impairment in von Willebrand Factor
178
ABSTRACTS
(vWF) due to loss of high molecular weight multimers (MWM) produces acquired von Willebrand syndrome (vWS) & has been reported
with left ventricular assist devices (LVADs). Little is known about
vWF multimers with total artificial hearts (TAHs).
Aims: We compare vWF profiles in patients with LVADs & TAHs
using a comprehensive vWS panel.
Methods: Hospitalized LVAD & TAH patients with vWS workup at
our center from 2013 to 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. vWS
workup included vWF activity (Ristocetin Cofactor, R:CO), vWF
antigen (VWF Ag), ratio of R:CO to vWF Ag, & quantitative vWF
multimer analysis. The relationships between type of multimer loss &
type of device were tested for significance using Fishers exact test.
Results: Twenty-one patients underwent vWS workup: 11 with continuous flow LVADs & 10 with TAHs. All had either normal (48%) or
elevated (52%) R:CO, normal (38%) or elevated (62%) vWF Ag, &
the majority (85%) were disproportional (ratio < 1: relative qualitative defect). Quantitative vWF multimer analysis showed abnormal
patterns in 10/11 (91%) of patients with LVADs: 6 with high MWM
& 4 with highest MWM loss. With TAH, 9/10 patients had abnormal
patterns: all with highest MWM loss. There were significant relationships between high MWM loss in LVAD patients (P = 0.01) & highest
MWM loss in TAH patients (P = 0.02). Increased low MWM were
detected in 20/21 (90%) patients (mean 29 3%; normal range, 16
24%).
Conclusion: Using quantitative vWF multimer analysis, we detected
abnormalities after LVAD or TAH that would be missed with measurements of vWF level alone: loss of high MWM predominantly in
LVAD, loss of highest MWM in TAH, & elevated levels of low MWM
in both. This is the first study to describe TAH-associated highest
MWM loss, which may contribute to bleeding.
Disclosure of Interest: H. Reich: None declared, F. Arabia Consultant
for: Syncardia, L. Czer: None declared, J. Moriguchi: None declared,
D. Ramzy: None declared, F. Esmailian: None declared, L. Lam:
None declared, J. Dunhill: None declared, O. Tcherniantchouk: None
declared.
OR217
Relapse pattern and long term outcomes in 111
subjects with acquired hemophilia A
Mizrahi T1, Doyon K2, Bonnefoy A1, Warner M3, Demers C4,
Cloutier S4, Castilloux J-F5, Rivard G-E1 and St-Louis J6
1
^pital Sainte-Justine,
Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Ho
^pital Sacr
euniversite de Montreal; 2Hematology Oncology, Ho
Coeur; 3Hematology Oncology, McGill University Health Centre,
^ pital de lEnfant Jesus,
Montreal; 4Hematology Oncology, Ho
Universite Laval, Quebec; 5Hematology Oncology, Centre
Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Universit
e Sherbrooke,
^pital MaisonneuveSherbrooke; 6Hematology Oncology, Ho
Rosemont, Montreal, Canada
Background: Acquired haemophilia A (AHA) is a rare autoimmune
bleeding disorder caused by antibodies against factor VIII. Despite significant morbidity and mortality, most patients achieve remission with
immunosuppressive therapy. Little is known about patterns of relapse
and outcomes.
Aims: Long-term follow-up data from the Quebec Reference Centre
for Inhibitors (QRCI) were analyzed to describe factors predictive of
relapse and their influence on survival in AHA.
Methods: The QRCI was created by the Health Ministry to oversee the
use of bypassing agents and to report on health outcomes in patients
receiving these agents. Diagnostic criteria for active AHA were: FVIII:
C < 0.30 UI mL1 and FVIII inhibitor 0.6 Bethesda Unit (BU).
Complete remission (CR) was defined as FVIII:C > 0.50 UI mL1
and/or FVIII inhibitor < 0.6 BU while not on immunosuppression.
Paired-sample t-test was used to compare patients characteristics.
Results: Between 2000 and 2012, 100/111 registered patients (90%),

median age 73 years, achieved CR within a median of 45 days and
were followed up for a median time of 25.6 months. Of those, 14%
presented one or more relapses (median time to first relapse
13.4 months [4.153.3 months]). Patients with relapse were older
(P = 0.054), mostly male (P = 0.083) and more frequently suffering
from auto-immune or lymphoproliferative disease (P = 0.008). Baseline factor VIII and inhibitor titres did not differ between the 2 groups
(P = 0.637). The initial immunosuppressive regimen was not predictive
of the risk of relapse. Among patients achieving remission at presentation, the overall survival (OS) was the same (P = 0.541), with or without relapse. All but one relapsing patients achieved a subsequent
remission and only one patient had a fatal bleed during an episode of
relapse.
Conclusion: Relapse of AHA is infrequent once CR is achieved and
not associated with a worse OS. Subsequent CR can be obtained in
most cases. Our study shows the importance of a long-term follow-up.
OR218
Thrombin generation varies with fibrosis score in
patients with well-compensated liver cirrhosis of
mixed aetiology
Egan K1, Dillon A2, Galvin Z2, Kevane B1,3, Neary E4, Stewart S2
and Ainle FN1,3
1
School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University College
Dublin; 2Centre for Liver Disease; 3Haematology, Mater
Misericordiae University Hospital; 4Neonatology, Rotunda
Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
Background: Fibrosis is a hallmark of chronic liver disease. Liver fibrosis can progress to cirrhosis; nodule formation, reduced liver cell
regeneration, and loss of liver cell function. Until recently, there was
no non-invasive method of staging cirrhosis. Now, transient elastography (FibroScanTM), a liver stiffness measurement (LSM) can be generated in compensated cirrhotic patients and associates with portal
hypertension and clinical outcomes. While decompensated cirrhosis is
associated with coagulation abnormalities that increase the risk of
thrombosis and bleeding, it is unclear if or when coagulation abnormalities appear in compensated cirrhosis.
Aims: Measure and compare thrombin generation with disease severity
in patients with cirrhotic liver disease of mixed aetiology.
Methods: Compensated cirrhotic patients were recruited at the Mater
Hospital, Dublin. FibroScanTM imaging was used to calculate LSM.
Thrombin generation in platelet poor plasma (1 pM TF) was measured using a Fluoroskan Ascent plate reader with Thrombinoscope
software.
Results: Thrombin generation was compared between patients with a
LSM below and above 35 kPa (16 1, n = 47 vs. 53 5, n = 10).
Higher LSMs reflect more fibrosis and portal hypertension. A cutoff
of 35 kPa was chosen as it predicted short term liver decompensation.
Despite comparable clotting times, thrombin generation was impaired
in patients with a LSM > 35 kPa. There was a decrease in peak thrombin generation (194 9 vs. 133 18 nM, P < 0.05), reduced rate of
generation (46 4 vs. 26 5 nM min1, P < 0.05), and prolonged
time to peak (11 1 vs. 13 1 min, P < 0.05). Overall, there was a
modest but significant inverse correlation between degree of fibrosis
and peak thrombin generation (r = 0.4, P < 0.05).
Conclusion: In a cohort of well compensated cirrhotic patients of
mixed aetiology, thrombin generation is impaired as liver disease progresses before PT becomes prolonged. This may act as a marker of
future decompensation or serve as a future therapeutic target.
Disclosure of Interest: K. Egan: None declared, A. Dillon: None
declared, Z. Galvin: None declared, B. Kevane: None declared, E. Ne-
ABSTRACTS
ary: None declared, S. Stewart: None declared, F. Ni Ainle Grant/
Research Support from: Leo Pharma.
OR219
Early von Willebrand factor degradation upon acute
exposure to high shear stress under continuous-flow
circulatory assist devices
Rauch A1,2, Van Belle E2,3, Vincentelli A2,4, Jeanpierre E1,
Legendre P5, Juthier F2,4, Rousse N4, Banfi C4, Godier A6,
Caron C1, Annabelle D1,2, Zawadski C1,2, Corseaux D2, Staels B2,
Goudemand J1,2, Jude B1, Lenting P5 and Susen S1,2
1
Haematology Transfusion, Lille University Hospital; 2INSERM
UMR 1011, Univ Lille 2, Institut Pasteur de Lille; EGID;
3
Cardiology; 4Cardiac Surgery, Lille University Hospital, LILLE;
5
INSERM U770 & UMR S770, University Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin
Bicetre; 6INSERM UMR 1140, Paris, France
Background: Left Ventricular Assist Devices (LVAD) are associated
with a high rate of early surgical bleedings. An acquired deficiency of
von Willebrand factor (VWF), characterized by a loss of high molecular weight multimers (HMWM) was reported within days following
implantation of LVADs. In-vitro studies inferred that unfolding and
cleavage of VWF in-vivo could occur within 200 s under high shear
conditions. We hypothesized that VWF degradation could occur
within minutes at initiation of LVAD-therapy, when blood is instantaneously exposed to high shear stress.
Aims: To investigate the time course of HMWM defect under LVAD
and the potential underlying mechanisms.
Methods: Anticoagulated human blood from healthy donors was perfused in a HeartMate-II (HM-II) mock circulatory system. A timecourse of VWF analysis was performed setting the rotor speed to
9000 rpm (n = 10), as in HM-II-patients, and to 3000, 6000 and
12,000 rpm (n = 3 each). Three more runs were performed at
9000 rpm with EDTA. A similar time-course analysis was performed
in 8 HM-II patients at initiation of LVAD-support. Samples were collected before (T0) and after initiation of HM-II support (T5, T30 and
T180 min) for VWF antigen, propeptide (VWFpp), proteolytic fragments, multimeric analysis, and PFA-CADP.
Results: A time-dependent loss of HMWM was observed in LVADpatients (P < 0.01) along with an acute increase in VWFpp, already
significant at 5 min (P = 0.01). PFA-CADP was also significantly
increased 5 min after initiation of LVAD-support (P = 0.01).
HMWM loss was more pronounced in-vitro than in LVAD-patients
and was complete after 180 min (P < 0.0001). VWF degradation in-vitro was dependent from LVAD-speed (12,000 > 9000 > 6000 rpm)
and inhibited when spiking EDTA before pump start. A time-dependent increase in VWF proteolytic fragments was observed in LVADpatients.
Conclusion: An acquired VWF deficiency, mainly related to an excessive VWF proteolysis, occurs at initiation of LVAD-therapy, a condition prone to early surgical bleedings.
179
OR220
Hemostatic disorder of uremia: patients with terminal
chronic renal failure (CRF) have increased platelet
tissue factor derived intravascular clotting activation
with delayed clot lysis time in platelet rich plasma
(CLT-PRP)
Panes O1, Gonz
alez C2, Macarena Ruiz M1, Sandoval C1,
Cayuleo M1, Rojas A1, Soto M1, Peralta M3, Pereira J1, Ortiz M3
and Mezzano D1,2
1
Hematology-Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia
lica de Chile; 2Hematology-Oncology, School of
Universidad Cato
lica De Chile; 3Nephrology, School
Medicine, P. Universidad Cato
lica de Chile, Santiago,
of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Cato
Chile
Background: Co-existence of circulating markers of hemostatic activation, inflammation, and oxidative stress in CRF configures a picture of
mild, protracted, subclinical DIC. These processes are risk factors for
atherothrombosis, major complication of terminal CRF.
Aims: To study the platelets role in the pathogenesis of the hemostatic
defect of CRF, by testing a global fibrinolytic assay (CLT-PRP) in
patients with CRF on peritoneal dialysis (CRF-PD).
Methods: We studied 22 age, sex-matched CRF-PD patients and controls. We measured platelet aggregation (LPA) and 5-HT secretion
(PS) with sub-threshold agonist concentrations, CLT-PRP (Panes
et al. Platelets 2012; 23:36), plasma D-dimer, tPA, PAI-1, platelet Tissue Factor-dependent procoagulant activity (TF-PCA), thrombin generation in PRP (TG), F1 + 2, us-PCR, TNFa, advanced oxidation
protein products (AOPP) and VWF:Ag.
Results: Compared with Controls, patients with CRF-PD had
enhanced TF-PCA (44 vs. 20.8 nM FXa x 2*107platelets, P = 0.009)
and delayed normalized CLT-PRP (2.6 0.8 vs. 1.4 0.5,
P < 0.0001, expressed as time patient/time standard PPP). Interestingly, CLT-PRP and TF-PCA were not correlated in patients whereas
in Controls they showed a strong negative association (r = 0.80,
P < 0.0001). Patients had higher plasma F1 + 2 and D-Dimers than
Controls (P < 0.05), and these were correlated with CLT-PRP
(P < 0.005). Significantly higher us-PCR, TNFa, VWF:Ag, and
AOPP, but lower tPA and velocity index of TG-PRP were found in
patients than in Controls. LTA, PS and plasma PAI-1 did not differ in
both groups.
Conclusion: Patients with CRF-PD course with mild inflammation,
increased oxidative damage, endothelial dysfunction, and activated
clotting. Increased D-dimers reflect better fibrin generation than activated fibrinolysis. Our results denote a disturbed hemostatic balance
with an exacerbated platelet-derived TF-PCA and a delayed fibrin lysis
in CRF-PD. Globally, these findings may be prominent pathogenetic
factors in the atherothrombotic complications of CRF. (FONDECYT
1030853).
180
ABSTRACTS
Pediatric hemostasis
OR221
Role of the G proteins and SYNTAXIN-11 in the
differences of platelet reactivity and secretion between
neonates and adults
Caparros-Perez E1, Torregrosa JM1, Teruel-Montoya R1,
Blanco JE2, Rivera J1, Vicente V1, Martnez C1 and Ferrer-Marn F1
1
edica, Hospital
n, Universidad De Murcia, Imib-Arrixaca; 2Servicio
Hemodonacio
De Ginecologa y Obstetricia, Hospital Clnico Universitario
Virgen de la Arrixaca, Universidad De Murcia, Imib-Arrixaca,
Murcia, Spain
Background: Compared to adult platelets (APs), neonatal platelets
(NPs) are hyporreactive in response to most agonists and show
impaired granule release despite number and content of NPs and APs
granules are similar. The molecular bases of this hyporreactivity are
not completely known.
Aims: To compare the expression levels of (i) G proteins, crucial transducers of platelet reactivity and (ii) elements of the fusogenic complex,
essential for platelet secretion, between NPs and APs.
Methods: Platelets from umbilical cord or adult peripheral blood
(n 12/group) were purified by filtration and magnetic cellular separation from platelet-rich plasma. Gaq, Gai2, Gas, and Gaz, SNAP23,
VAMP8, SYNTAXIN-11 (STX11), and MUNC18b mRNA and protein levels were quantified by qRT-PCR and western blot, respectively.
Results: NPs showed significant lower Gaq (40%) and Gaz (60%) and
higher Gas (40%) and Gai2 (70%) mRNA levels than APs. Accordingly, we detected higher Gas (30%) and Gai2 (25%) and significant
lower Gaq (20%) and Gaz (30%) protein levels. Regarding the
SNARE proteins, NPs in comparison with APs, had ~30% (P = 0.01)
and ~25% (P < 0.05) decrease in STX11 and Munc18b protein levels,
respectively, and a 3-fold reduction in STX11 mRNA levels
(P < 0.01). We did not find differences in the other SNARE proteins.
Conclusion: We show that NPs and APs exhibit differences in the G
proteins expression which likely contribute to NPs hyporreactivity.
The underexpression of Gaq in NPs may influence to their poor
response to TxA2, ADP or thrombin and lower Gaz may promote the
poor response to epinephrine. As Gas increases and Gai2 inhibits
cAMP synthesis, their simultaneous increase in NPs may constitute a
mutually compensatory mechanism. We also show that NPs display
lower STX11 and Munc18b protein levels than APs. Since STX11 performs an essential role in a and d granule release reaction and
Munc18b regulates its function, our findings provide new elements to
explain differences in platelet secretion and reactivity between neonates and adults.
OR222
Disseminated intravascular coagulation contributes an
independent mortality risk in critically ill children
Ford JB1,2, Kittelson J3 and Manco-Johnson MJ4
1
Pediatrics, University of Nebraska; 2Childrens Hospital &
Medical Center, Omaha; 3Biostatisics; 4Pediatrics, University of
Colorado Denver|Anschutz, Aurora, USA
Background: Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) occurs frequently in gravely ill children. Clinical trials for DIC in the pediatric
intensive care unit (PICU) have not shown improved survival and the
role of DIC in mortality is unclear.
Aims: to determine mortality attributed to DIC in children in the
PICU.
Methods: De-identified records were extracted on all children admitted

to Childrens Hospital Colorado PICU from January 1, 2011 through
December 31, 2013 including pediatric risk of mortality score
(PRISM), mortality, days of ventilator, vasopressor, or PICU support
and blood products administered. ISTH DIC score (Taylor FB,
Thromb Haemost 2001) was calculated for tests obtained within 48 h
of admission.
Results: Three hundred and fifty-two (6.2%) of 5693 PICU patients
had DIC testing within 48 h of admission. 294 (84%) tested had DIC
score < 5 (negative or non-overt DIC), while 58 (16%) had DIC score
5 (overt DIC). Tested and non-tested children were similar in age,
gender and ventilator days. Mortality, PRISM score, circulatory support and blood product usage were lower in untested children. DIC
testing conveyed an increased risk of death (ROD) with an odds ratio
(OR) of 7.37 (confidence intervals, (CI) 5.21, 10.4), P < 0.0001). DIC
score as a continuous or categorical variable increased ROD (OR 2.11,
CI 1.69, 2.63, P < 0.0001; OR 9.8 (CI 5.05, 19.03, P < 0.0001 respectively). When adjusted for PRISM score: 1) DIC testing no longer
independently predicted death (OR 1.33, CI 0.77, 2.32, P = 0.307); 2)
DIC score as a continuous variable approached significance for ROD
(OR 1.31, CI 0.99, 1.73, P = 0.058); and 3) DIC score as a categorical
variable ( 5) remained significant in predicting ROD (OR 2.6, CI
1.06, 6.35, P = 0.036).
Conclusion: Overt DIC using ISTH score conveys a modest independent risk of death for children in the PICU. PRISM score accounts for
the major mortality risk of critically ill children and may explain why
DIC treatment trials have not improved survival in this population.
OR223
Impaired collagen response in neonatal platelets: the
balance between activation and inhibition pathways
Israels SJ1,2, McMillan-Ward E2 and McNicol A3
1
Department of Pediatrics and Child Health; 2Manitoba Institute
of Cell Biology; 3College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba,
Winnipeg, Canada
Background: Platelet activation by collagen involves the glycoprotein
VIFcc receptor complex, and subsequent recruitment of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) to the phosphorylated linker for activation
of T cells (LAT)-based signalosome. This pathway is negatively regulated by phosphorylated platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1
(PECAM-1), which inhibits the association of the PI3K-p85 subunit
with the LAT signalosome. When compared to platelets from adult
controls (AC), neonatal platelets from umbilical cord blood (UCB)
show decreased collagen-induced LAT phosphorylation, calcium
mobilization and aggregation.
Aims: To determine the contribution of PECAM-1 to the decreased
collagen response in neonatal platelets.
Methods: Washed suspensions of UCB platelets and AC platelets, stirred in an aggregometer, were stimulated with collagen (10 lg mL1;
2060 s), lysed and immuno-precipitated with specific antibodies to
PECAM-1 or LAT, then immunoblotted with the precipitating antibody or anti-phosphotyrosine antibody, 4G10. Immunoblot band
intensities were quantitated by scanning densitometry.
Results: Comparison of mean band intensities of LAT and PECAM-1
in immunoblots of platelet lysates showed no difference between UCB
and AC platelets. Following stimulation, the ratio of phospho-LAT to
total LAT was lower in UCB platelets [p-LAT/LAT = 0.42 0.24]
than in AC platelets [p-LAT/LAT = 0.82 0.2; P < 0.05]. In contrast, the ratio of phospho-PECAM-1 to total PECAM-1 did not differ between UCB platelets [p-PECAM-1/PECAM-1 = 0.75 0.24]
and AC platelets [p-PECAM-1/PECAM-1 = 0.85 0.26; n.s.].
Conclusion: Phosphorylation of PECAM-1 is comparable in UCB and
AC platelets. These data are consistent with the impaired collagen acti-
ABSTRACTS
vation in neonatal platelets resulting from a negative balance between
the activation of LAT (decreased in UCB platelets) and inhibition of
the signalosome assembly by activated PECAM-1 (not decreased in
UCB platelets). The net effect is inhibition of downstream signaling
and platelet activation.
OR224
The contribution of pro- and anticoagulant processes
to thrombin generation in the course of maturation
Kremers R1,2, Wagenvoord R2, de Laat B1,2, Monagle P3,4,5,
Hemker C1,2 and Ignjatovic V4,5
1
Department of Biochemistry; 2Synapse, CARIM, Maastricht
University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; 3Department of Clinical
Hematology, Royal Childrens Hospital; 4Department of
Paediatrics, University of Melbourne; 5Murdoch Childrens
Research Institute, Parkville, Australia
Background: Coagulation factors undergo quantitative and qualitative
changes with age and haemostatic tests show different results in children and adults. Thrombin generation (TG) is known to be decreased
in children, but it is not yet known which processes mediate these agespecific differences in TG capacity.
Aims: Using a new approach to analyze the underlying processes of
TG separately, we aimed to determine the contribution of pro- and
anticoagulant processes to the overall effect on TG.
Methods: Plasma samples were collected from 44 healthy subjects in
the range of 0.659.2 years of age. Antithrombin (AT), a2Macroglobulin (a2M), and prothrombin levels were determined. TG was measured at 1 and 5 pM tissue factor and the TG curves were split into
prothrombin conversion and thrombin inactivation curves, using a
validated algorithm.
Results: TG quantified as ETP was reduced in children
(1095 313 nM min vs. 1583 352 nM min). Prothrombin levels
were lower (0.90 0.13 lM vs. 1.09 0.18 lM; P = 0.002) and a2M
levels were higher (5.28 0.87 lM vs. 3.48 1.15 lM; P < 0.001) in
children than adults. In children, less prothrombin was converted during TG (734 225 nM vs. 1038 179 nM; P = 0.001), and the maximum rate of prothrombin conversion (i.e. prothrombinase activity)
was reduced (204 142 nM min1 vs. 282 49 nM min1;
P = 0.001). Less thrombin-AT complexes are formed during TG in
children (P < 0.001). While the absolute amount of formed thrombina2M was comparable to adults, proportionally a2M plays a larger role
in children. Further in silico experimentation showed that normalization of prothrombin conversion and a2M levels in children to adult
levels increased TG to the level observed in adults.
Conclusion: Young age has a dual effect on thrombin generation: Prothrombin conversion is reduced due to lower plasma prothrombin levels and lower prothrombinase activity, and the balance between
thrombin inhibitors AT and a2M shifts towards a2M in children.
Disclosure of Interest: R. Kremers Employee of: Synapse, R. Wagenvoord Employee of: Synapse, B. de Laat Employee of: Synapse, P.
Monagle: None declared, C. Hemker Employee of: Synapse, V. Ignjatovic: None declared.
181
OR225
Pediatric reference values of thrombin generation
measured by the Calibrated Automated Thrombogram
(CAT)
Appel I1, Henniphof T2, van Oerle R3, Cnossen M1,
Beishuizen A1,2 and Spronk H3
1
Deptartment Pediatrics; 2Lab of Pediatric Haemostasis, Erasmus
MC Sophia Childrens hospital, Rotterdam; 3Laboratory of
Clinical Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Department of Internal
Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht,
Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
Background: Developmental haemostasis is characterized by deficiencies of pro- and anticoagulants in young children, suggesting a disturbed balance in coagulation. Thrombin generation assessed by the
Calibrated Automated Thrombogram (CAT) reflects the overall capability of plasma to generate thrombin.
Aims: Aim: To use CAT in pediatric research in the field of haemostasis, we now determined thrombin generation reference values for
healthy children and adults.
Methods: After informed consent citrated full blood samples were
obtained from 199 children, age groups: 26 months (n = 25); 7
12 months (n = 18); 15 years (n = 52); 610 years (n = 54), 11
18 years (n = 50) and adults > 19 years (n = 52). The study was
approved by the medical ethical committee of the Erasmus MC.
Thrombin generation was assessed by means of the CAT method using
40 lL platelet-poor plasma triggered with 1 pM tissue factor and
4 lM phospholipids (final concentrations), with and without thrombomodulin.
Results: Peak height (112 34 nM) and ETP (654 177 nM min)
were significantly lower in the youngest group compared to adults
(peak height: 158 72 nM, ETP: 1059 331 nM min). Thrombin
generation increased gradually from 2 to 6 months to adolescents of
1118 years (Pearson correlation 0.97 for ETP). In plasma from
adults, thrombomodulin addition induced a near normal reduction in
ETP (35%), whereas attenuation of thrombin generation was reduced
at younger age (26 months: 20%). Levels of protein C and S were
approximately 30% lower at the age of 26 months compared to
adults (own reference values JTH 2012;10:2254-63).
Conclusion: Lower ETP levels and less ETP reduction in the presence
of thrombomodulin point towards diminished thrombin generation in
the youngest children, most likely related to less effective inhibition of
thrombin generation by the protein C pathway.
Cancer and thrombosis

clinical II
OR226
Longterm cancer risk after venous thromboembolism
Eischer L1, Kyrle PA2, Kammer M3 and Eichinger S1
1
Department of Hematology and Hemostasis, Medical University
of Vienna; 2Department of Hematology and Hemostasis; 3Core
Unit for Medical Statistics and Informatics, Medical University of
Vienna, Wien, Austria
Background: A venous thromboembolic event (VTE) may indicate an
underlying cancer. In population based studies the likelihood of cancer
is highest during the first year but a persistent increase has been
reported also in the years thereafter. Data on the risk in patients who
completed anticoagulant treatment and recommendations regarding
screening are lacking.
Aims: To evaluate the long-term risk of cancer in a well-defined cohort
of patients with an unprovoked VTE.
182
ABSTRACTS
Methods: We prospectively followed patients with a first unprovoked

VTE after discontinuation of anticoagulation and excluded those with
long-term antithrombotic therapy, major thrombophilia or pregnancy.
Study endpoint was diagnosis of cancer. The ratio of the observed
cases and the number of cases expected based on national cancer incidence rates was calculated and expressed as standardized incidence
ratio (SIR). The study was approved by the local ethics committee and
all patients consented.
Results: Forty-three (3.6%) of 1188 patients (mean age 48 years, 638
women, median duration of anticoagulation 7.2 months) were diagnosed with cancer (colon 8, breast 7, lung 6, hematologic 6, prostate 4,
skin 1, brain 1, others 10) during a median follow up of 70 months
(range 3216). Cancer patients were significantly older (57 vs. 48 years,
P < 0.001) but did not differ from non-cancer patients regarding proportion of women (49% vs. 54%), blood cell counts (hemoglobin 14.2
vs. 14.2 g dL1; platelets 232 vs. 238 G L1; leukocytes 6.5 vs.
6.8 G L1), body mass index (both 27 kg m2) or D-Dimer (469 vs.
463 lg mL1). The probability of cancer was 0.7% (95% CI 0.1
1.3%), 1.7% (95% CI 0.92.5%) and 3.0% (95% CI 1.84.2%) after
1, 2 and 5 years. The corresponding SIR did not significantly differ
from expected rates in an age- and sex-matched general population
(1.2, 1.3 and 1.0).
Conclusion: In patients with unprovoked VTE the long-term incidence
of cancer after anticoagulation is low. Cancer types are heterogeneous
and specific screening strategies do not seem to be warranted.
OR227
Hypercoagulability, venous thromboembolism and
death in patients with cancer: a multi-state model
Posch F, Reitter E-M, Riedl J, Pabinger I and Ay C
Clinical Division of Haematology & Haemostaseology,
Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna,
Austria
Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a frequent complication in patients with cancer.
Aims: To study outcomes in cancer patients at risk of VTE using
multi-state modeling.
Methods: We formulated a unidirectional illness-death model with 3
transitions (transition#1: alive without VTE to VTE, transition#2:
alive without VTE to death without VTE, transition#3: VTE to
death). The risks of all 3 transitions were analyzed with Semi-Markov
multi-state models.
Results: One thousand seven hundred and twenty-nine cancer patients
with newly-diagnosed cancer or progressive disease after remission
were followed for a median interval of 2 years. Of these, 125 patients
(7.3%) developed VTE, 72 patients (57.6%) died after developing
VTE, and 594 patients (34.4%) died without developing VTE, respectively. Incident VTE was associated with a more than threefold
increase in the risk of transition to death (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.4,
95% CI: 2.64.3, P < 0.001). The adverse impact of VTE on survival
was highly dependent on the time point of VTE occurrence. Whereas a
VTE event at 3 months after baseline increased the risk of death by a
factor of 3.2 (HR = 3.2, 95% CI: 2.54.2, P < 0.001), a VTE event
after 1 year was associated with a more than 5-fold increase in the risk
of death (HR = 5.4, 95% CI: 3.28.5, P < 0.001). Elevated baseline
D-Dimer levels were associated with higher transition risks towards
VTE (HR per 1 lg mL1 increase = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.041.10,
P < 0.001), death without VTE (HR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.051.08,
P < 0.001), and death after VTE (HR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.111.22,
P < 0.001). This finding prevailed after adjusting for tumor type, and
implies that patients with elevated D-Dimer not only have a higher
risk of VTE and death, but also die faster after developing VTE than
patients with VTE and lower baseline D-Dimer levels.
Conclusion: Multi-state models provide a statistically efficient representation of the clinical course of cancer patients at risk of VTE, and
yield insights into the disease process beyond what can be observed
with single-endpoint analyses.
OR228
Characteristics and risk factors of major and clinically
relevant non-major bleeding in cancer patients
receiving anticoagulant treatment for acute venous
thromboembolism the CATCH study
Kamphuisen PW1, Lee AYY2, Meyer G3, Bauersachs R4,
Janas MS5, Jarner MF5, Khorana AA6 and on behalf of the CATCH
Investigators
1
Department of Vascular Medicine, University Medical Center
Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; 2Division of
Hematology, University of British Columbia and Vancouver
Coastal Health, Vancouver, Canada; 3Respiratory Unit, Georges
Pompidou European Hospital, Paris, France; 4Department of
Vascular Medicine, Darmstadt Hospital, Darmstadt, Germany;
5
LEO Pharma, Ballerup, Denmark; 6Taussig Cancer Institute,
Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, USA
Background: Cancer patients with acute venous thromboembolism
(VTE) receiving anticoagulant treatment have a substantial risk of
bleeding complications.
Aims: To assess the rate, site and risk factors of clinically relevant
bleeding (CRB; major or clinically relevant non-major bleeding) in
cancer patients receiving anticoagulation for VTE.
Methods: CATCH is a randomized, open-label, multicenter, Phase III
trial (NCT01130025) comparing tinzaparin 175 IU kg1 once daily
for 6 months vs. initial tinzaparin 175 IU kg1 once daily for 5
10 days and warfarin (target INR 2.03.0) for 6 months in patients
with active cancer and acute, symptomatic VTE. Tinzaparin dose was
not reduced for renal impairment (creatinine clearance [CrCl]
< 60 mL min1). All patients were followed for bleeding until 24 h
after the last dose of anticoagulant up to 6 months. Blinded central
adjudication was performed for all bleeding events.
Results: Among 900 randomized patients, 145 (16%) patients had 189
CRBs and 42 (4.7%) died within 30 days after CRB. Common bleeding sites were gastrointestinal (38%), genitourinary (22%), nose (10%)
and intracranial (2%). In univariate analysis, risk of CRB was
increased with metastatic disease (relative risk [RR] 1.62; 95% CI
1.142.31); age > 75 years (RR 1.78; 95% CI 1.202.66); and 1 or 2
intracranial malignancy (RR 1.99; 95% CI 1.133.49). Of the 29
patients with intracranial lesions, 9 (31%) had a CRB, of which 1 was
intracranial. In the tinzaparin group, bleeding risk was not increased
in patients with CrCl < 60 mL min1 (n = 67), compared with those
with CrCl 60 mL min1 (n = 355; RR 1.27; 95% CI 0.692.32). In
the warfarin group, INR was a poor predictor of bleeding, with 42%
of CRBs occurring with an INR 3.0.
Conclusion: CRB occurs in 16% of cancer patients with symptomatic
VTE during anticoagulant treatment and is associated with metastatic
disease, older age and intracranial lesions. Treatment with full-dose
tinzaparin seems safe in patients with renal impairment.
Disclosure of Interest: P. W. Kamphuisen Grant/Research Support
from: LEO Pharma; Pfizer; Boehringer Ingelheim, Consultant for:
LEO Pharma, A. Y. Lee Grant/Research Support from: Bristol-Myers
Squibb, Consultant for: Bayer; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Pfizer; LEO
Pharma; Daiicho Sankyo; Boehringer Ingelheim; Sanofi; Aviva, G.
Meyer Grant/Research Support from: Bayer; Boehringer Ingelheim;
LEO Pharma; Sanofi-Aventis, R. Bauersachs: None declared, M. S.
Janas Employee of: LEO Pharma, M. F. Jarner Employee of: LEO
Pharma, A. A. Khorana Grant/Research Support from: LEO Pharma,
ABSTRACTS
Consultant for: Sanofi; LEO Pharma; AngioDynamics; Daiichi Sankyo; Genentech; Johnson & Johnson.
OR229
Thrombin generation and venous thromboembolism
among multiple myeloma patients receiving
lenalidomide and prednisolone maintenance following
autologous stem cell transplantation
Tran H, McFadyen J, Kalff A and Spencer A
Clinical Haematology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
Background: Lenalidomide, used in the treatment of multiple myeloma
(MM) is associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism
(VTE). Thrombin generation (TG) might be a useful surrogate marker
of thrombosis risk.
Aims: To sequentially monitor TG in MM patients receiving lenalidomide and alternate day prednisolone (RAP) following ASCT and correlating it with objectively confirmed VTE.
Methods: The LEOPARD study was a phase II, open label, single
arm, multi-centre study of RAP maintenance therapy commencing 6
8 weeks after a single MEL200 ASCT for patients with MM. RAP
was continued until toxicity or relapse/progression. Plasma samples of
participants were collected and frozen pre-ASCT, post-ASCT prior to
commencing RAP maintenance and at six months post ASCT. TG
was measured using calibrated automated thrombography (CATTM)
blinded to symptomatically confirmed VTE following completion of
the study.
Results: Twenty-eight of 60 study participants had available all three
predetermined plasma samples for analysis and remained on RAP at
6 m post ASCT. Female = 14, male = 14 with a median age of
61 years (range, 4171). 44 and 6 patients received aspirin and enoxaparin post ASCT respectively. 3 out of 60 patients (5%) had objectively
confirmed symptomatic VTE.
Endogenous thrombin generation (mean ETP) did not differ significantly between pre-ASCT (1682 nM), post-ASCT (pre RAP maintenance, 1645 nM) and 6 months post ASCT (1537 nM). Similarly,
there was no significant difference between peak thrombin (mean
PTG) at each of the time points, 376 nM, 388 nM and 367 nM respectively. No apparent difference in TG between the 3 patients with VTE
and the remainder of the cohort was evident at pre RAP maintenance
& 6 months post ASCT (3 VTE patients mean ETP, 1396.8 nM and
1385.8 nM; mean peak PTG 216.5 nM and 221.7 nM).
Conclusion: The risk for VTE was low in this cohort of MM patients
receiving maintenance RAP following ASCT, with no significant difference in TG (both ETP and PTG) at pre-ASCT, post-ASCT (pre
RAP maintenance) and 6 months post ASCT.
Disclosure of Interest: H. Tran Grant/Research Support from: research
support, J. McFadyen: None declared, A. Kalff: None declared, A.
Spencer Grant/Research Support from: research support.
OR230
Incidental venous thromboembolism at
thoracoabdominal staging CT in colorectal cancer
Nordholm-Carstensen A1, Rasmussen MS1, Hansen H2,
Harling H1 and Jorgensen LN1
1
Digestive Disease Center; 2Department of Radiology, Bispebjerg
Hospital, Copenhagen NV, Denmark
Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a well-recognized
cause of mortality in patients with colorectal cancer.
183
Aims: To analyse 1) the prevalence and natural history of incidental

VTE detected at primary thoracoabdominal staging CT scans in
patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), and 2) clinicopathological factors associated with VTE.
Methods: All primary staging CT scans with intravenous contrast performed at our Center between 2006 and 2011 were reviewed by an
expert radiologist for manifest VTE. Potential confounders were
obtained from the Danish Colorectal Cancer Group database, the
National Patient and Pathology Registries. Multivariable logistic- and
extended Cox-regression analyses were used to adjust for confounders.
Results: In 810 of 1287 patients assessed for inclusion, a staging CT
scan and data on clinicopathological factors were available. Twentythree patients (2.8%) had a manifest VTE on the scan. Pulmonary,
splanchnic and iliofemoral VTE were detected in 15 (1.9%), 6 (0.7%)
and 4 (0.5%) patients, respectively. Two patients had VTE at multiple
sites. VTE was associated with synchronous metastatic disease (SMD),
adjusted odds ratio 2.70 (95% confidence interval (CI):1.156.27,
P = 0.020), but not statistically associated with gender, age, index
tumour location or comorbidity. VTE was associated with an impaired
30-day survival (adjusted Hazard Rate [aHR] = 7.20, 95% CI:2.04
25.47, P = 0.002), but had no significant impact on long-term survival
beyond 30 days (aHR = 1.56, 95% CI:0.793.09).
Conclusion: Incidental VTE can be detected at routine thoracoabdominal CT scan in the primary staging of nearly 3% of CRC patients and
is associated with SMD. The radiologist should endeavour to detect
VTE, as they have major impact on 30-day survival.
Megakaryocytes and
Thrombopoiesis II
OR231
Syndromes with gray platelets: NBEAL2 expression is
regulated by transcription factor GATA1
Wijgaerts A1, Wittevrongel M-C1, Devos T2, Tijssen M3,
Peerlinck K1, Van Geet C4 and Freson K1
1
Cardiovascular Sciences; 2Center for Molecular and Vascular
Biology, Department of Haematology, UZ Leuven, University of
Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; 3Department of Haematology,
University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; 4Center for Molecular
and Vascular Biology, Department of Pediatrics, UZ Leuven,
University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
Background: Gray Platelet Syndrome (GPS) is named after the gray
appearance of platelets due to absence of a-granules. GPS is caused by
recessive mutations in the NBEAL2 gene, resulting in macrothrombocytopenia and myelofibrosis. Gray platelets have also been described
due to X-linked GATA1 and dominant GFI1B mutations. We identified mutations in NBEAL2, GATA1 (Freson, Blood, 2001; HMG,
2002) and GFI1B (Chen, Science, 2014) in patients with enlarged platelets with paucity of a-granules.
Aims: Because the patients have similar platelet phenotypes, we
hypothesize that GATA1 and GFI1B regulate NBEAL2 expression,
which is important for a-granule formation.
Methods: Immunoblots were performed on patients platelet extracts.
ChIP-sequencing revealed 3 GATA binding sites (BS1, BS2, BS3) in a
regulatory region 31 kb upstream of NBEAL2 (Tijssen, Dev Cell,
2011). This region is a predicted long-range enhancer for the NBEAL2
promotor. By cloning this region into a luciferase reporter construct
and measuring the luciferase activity we studied the regulatory activity
of this region. Similar expression studies were obtained after mutagenesis of the 3 GATA-bindingsites. Binding of GATA1 to GFI1B was
studied with a GST pull-down assay.
184
ABSTRACTS
Results: GATA1, but not GFI1B deficient platelets expressed very low
levels of NBEAL2 protein. We showed that the regulatory region with
GATA binding sites is a strong enhancer that further increases expression upon GATA1 overexpression. Mutagenesis of BS1 resulted in
higher promoter activity while mutagenesis of BS2 or BS3 resulted in
lower activity compared to the wild type sequence. We showed a direct
interaction between GATA1 and GFI1B. Further studies will reveal if
this interaction is essential for NBEAL2 expression.
Conclusion: Our data confirm that the regulatory region upstream of
the NBEAL2 promoter acts as an enhancer via binding of GATA1.
Additional experiments are being performed to elucidate the exact
mechanism by which GATA1 stimulates NBEAL2 expression, potentially via GFI1B.
OR232
Dynein-dependent microtubule sliding drives
proplatelet elongation
Bender M1, Thon JN2, Ehrlicher AJ3, Wu S2, Mazutis L3,
Deschmann E4, Sola-Visner M4, Italiano JE2 and Hartwig JH1
1
Division of Translational Medicine; 2Hematology Division,
Brigham and Womens Hospital and Harvard Medical School,
Boston; 3School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard
University, Cambridge; 4Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston
Childrens Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
Background: Blood platelets are derived from bone marrow megakaryocytes (MKs). MKs extend long cytoplasmic protrusions (proplatelets) into the blood vessel, from which platelet intermediates and
platelets are sequentially released.
Aims: While microtubule forces are known to be essential for proplatelet and platelet production, details on how they interact to extend
proplatelets and release platelets are not defined.
Methods: We used chemicals that interfere with different aspects of
microtubule function and directly visualized microtubule movements
using two quantitative fluorescence techniques: fluorescence recovery
after photobleaching (FRAP) and fluorescence loss after photoconversion (FLAC). Finally, we capitalized on the recent development of a
microfluidic platelet bioreactor to study microtubule movements under
physiological shear stress and compared this to MKs in static culture.
Results: We show that proplatelet formation is a process that can be
divided into repetitive phases of motility: extension, pause and retraction. We quantified proplatelet elongation with time in static MK culture conditions and determined that proplatelets move in bursts and
the fastest unidirectional rates varied from 4 to 13 lm min1. However, incorporation of the pause time reduced the rate of elongation to
an average rate of ~0.85 lm min1. Proplatelets formed by MKs
within the platelet bioreactor elongated at an average rate of
30 lm min1 which is much higher than the rate measured for proplatelet formation in culture, and more accurately reproduces proplatelet extension rates in vivo. Furthermore we demonstrate that not
tubulin polymerization but microtubule sliding drives proplatelet elongation and is dependent on cytoplasmic dynein under static condition
and physiological shear stress by using FRAP in proplatelets with fluorescence-tagged b1-tubulin.
Conclusion: A refined understanding of the specific mechanisms regulating platelet production will yield strategies to treat patients with
thrombocythemia or thrombocytopenia.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Bender: None declared, J. Thon Shareholder
of: J.N.T. is founder of and have financial interest in Platelet BioGenesis. J.N.T. is inventor on this patent., A. Ehrlicher: None declared, S.
Wu: None declared, L. Mazutis Shareholder of: L.M. is founder of
and have financial interest in Platelet BioGenesis. L.M. is inventor on
this patent., E. Deschmann: None declared, M. Sola-Visner: None
declared, J. Italiano Shareholder of: J.E.I. is founder of and have
financial interest in Platelet BioGenesis. J.E.I. is inventor on this patent. J. Hartwig: None declared.
OR233
4galactosyltransferase 1 (4GalT1) is a key regulator
of hematopoietic stem cell function and
thrombopoiesis
Giannini S, Adelman M, Begonja AJ and Hoffmeister KM
Medicine, Brigham and Womens Hospital, Boston, USA
Background: Delayed platelet recovery following hematopoietic stem
cell (HSC) transplantation is associated with decreased survival. New
strategies may reduce the need for blood products and decrease the
risks associated with platelet transfusions. Glycans are key regulators
of platelet survival, specifically lactosaminoglycan (LacNAc or
bGal1,4 GlcNAc), but their role in thrombopoiesis is understudied.
Aims: Here we investigated the role of LacNAc structures, synthesized
by the galactosyltransferase b4GalT1 through the addition of galactose (Gal) to terminal N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), in the regulation of HSC function and thrombopoiesis.
Methods: Fetal liver cells (FLCs, E14.5) and bone marrow cells
(BMCs, 8 weeks) were transplanted into lethally irradiated WT mice
using non-competitive and competitive (10:1 ratio) approaches. Complete blood counts were obtained before and 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks after
transplant.
Results: Only 9% of b4GalT1/ mice survived until adulthood.
b4GalT1/ fetuses (E14.5) and adult mice had thrombocytopenia
(25% of normal), but increased white blood cells counts (by 115%).
b4GalT1/ mice had increased bone marrow megakaryocyte (MK)
numbers, but ~50% of the b4GalT1/ MKs failed to localize at sinusoids. In vitro cultured MKs had highly impaired proplatelet production capacity (10%). We next investigated the capacity of b4GalT1/
HSC to restore hematopoiesis in lethally irradiated mice. b4GalT1/
FLCs had normal, whereas BMCs had increased (by 40%) in vitro colony forming capacity. However, b4GalT1/ FLCs and BMCs were
unable to restore hematopoiesis when non-competitively transplanted
into lethally irradiated WT mice, severely decreasing mouse survival
(< 2 weeks). Competitive b4GalT1/ HSC transplants restored normal white and red blood cells numbers, but not platelets, despite the
presence of b4GalT1/ MKs in the bone marrow.
Conclusion: b4GalT1 activity is a key player of hematopoiesis and
thrombopoiesis, specifically restoring platelet recovery post HCS
transplantation.
OR234
Type 2B von Willebrand disease (VWD) is
characterized by a cytoskeletal desorganization in
megakaryocytes leading to macrothrombocytopenia
Kauskot A1,2, Poirault-Chassac S3,4, Casari C1,2, Adam F1,2,
Pietrzyk-Nivau A3,4, Berrou E1,2, Bryckaert M1,2, Rosa J-P1,2,
Christophe OD1,2, Lenting PJ1,2, Denis CV1,2 and Baruch D3,4
1
U1176, Inserm; 2University Paris Sud, Le Kremlin-Bic^
etre;
3
U1140, Inserm; 4University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
Background: Type 2B VWD patients display macrothrombocytopenia
and defective platelet formation in vitro from megakaryocytes (MKs).
However, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown.
Aims: To determine the molecular mechanisms in the type 2B VWD
leading to macrothrombocytopenia.
Methods: We generated a knock-in mouse expressing the von Willebrand factor (VWF) p.V1316M mutation (2B mice).
ABSTRACTS
Results: We first investigated MK differentiation in bone marrow. MK
numbers, MK progenitor differentiation and ploidy were identical in
wild type (WT) and 2B mice. Strikingly, 2B MKs spread over fibrinogen displayed decreased number of stress fibers with disorganized actin
filaments that localized in a thick peripheral zone from which a-granules were excluded. Interestingly, platelet recovery following antibodymediated depletion in vivo was slower (30% of control) in 2B mice,
suggesting abnormal platelet kinetics. Proplatelet formation in mouse
bone marrow samples and in vitro was drastically decreased in 2B mice
(80% inhibition). Also, in a flow model at high shear rate, proplatelet
formation and platelet release were impaired. Proplatelet formation is
associated with cytoskeletal reorganization, and LIM kinases are
known to control the dynamic assembly of actin and microtubules.
Therefore, LIMK were studied and a 4-fold increase in phosphorylated LIMK1/2 in 2B MKs was seen. The roles of LIMK are the phosphorylation of cofilin, an actin turnover-regulating protein and the
regulation of microtubule stability. 2B MKs displayed a 2.5-fold
increase in the amount of the phosphorylated (inactive) form of cofilin,
thus keeping actin in polymeric states, and in acetylated a-tubulin, a
post-translational modification associated with microtubule stabilization.
Conclusion: Together, these data are consistent with an hyperactivation of LIMK in 2B MK leading to alteration of actin cytoskeleton
regulation, potentially explaining the defect in proplatelet generation.
The link between VWF2B and hyperactivation of LIMK remains to
be elucidated.
OR235
Receptor-mediated endocytosis is required for normal
megakaryocyte demarcation membrane system
formation and platelet production
Giannini S1,2, Pluthero FG3, Christensen H3, Leung R3, Lo RW3,4,
Kormann J5, Plomann M5, Kahr WH3,4, Hoffmeister KM1,2 and
Falet H1,2
1
Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; 2Division of
Hematology, Brigham and Womens Hospital, Boston, USA;
3
Program in Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children;
4
Departments of Paediatrics and Biochemistry, University of
Toronto, Toronto, Canada; 5Center for Biochemistry, University
of Cologne Faculty of Medicine, Cologne, Germany
Background: Blood platelets are produced in the bone marrow by
megakaryocytes (MKs) in a process that requires extensive intracellular membrane rearrangements. These include the formation of the
demarcation membrane system (DMS), the surface-connected membrane extension that provides membranes necessary for future platelets. Dnm2 fl/fl Pf4-Cre mice specifically lacking the housekeeping
GTPase dynamin 2 (DNM2) in MKs develop severe macrothrombocytopenia, MK hyperplasia, splenomegaly and myelofibrosis, due to
impaired receptor-mediated endocytosis (RME) in MKs. Specifically,
Dnm2 fl/fl Pf4-Cre MKs accumulate clathrin-coated profiles that
obstruct DMS formation in vivo, demonstrating that RME is required
for normal MK development.
Aims: Here we investigated the role of the F-BAR protein PACSIN2,
a DNM2 partner involved in caveolae-dependent RME, in DMS formation.
Methods: High-resolution structured illumination microscopy revealed
PACSIN2 as an internal component of a well-defined invagination
that characterizes the initiating DMS in MKs and of caveolae-like invaginations in platelets.
Results: Pacsin2/ mice developed mild thrombocytopenia and the
DMS appeared less well defined and platelet territories were not readily visualized in Pacsin2/ MKs. Pacsin2/ platelets had abnormal
morphology, with slightly enlarged volume and shallow shape. To
185
determine the contribution of PACSIN2 to the MK phenotype of

Dnm2 fl/fl Pf4-Cre mice, Pacsin2/ Dnm2 fl/fl Pf4-Cre mice lacking
both PACSIN2 and DNM2 in MKs were generated. Strikingly, additional PACSIN2 deletion rescued the severe thrombocytopenia, MK
hyperplasia, myelofibrosis and splenomegaly of Dnm2 fl/fl Pf4-Cre
mice. Specifically, PACSIN2 deletion abrogated the accumulation of
clathrin-coated profiles, which were replaced by elongated membrane
tubules in Pacsin2/ Dnm2 fl/fl Pf4-Cre MKs.
Conclusion: DNM2 and PACSIN2 regulate clathrin- and caveolaedependent RME in MKs in concert, thereby playing a critical role in
DMS formation and platelet production.
Tissue factor and factor VII II

OR236
Genome-wide serine protease knockdowns in
zebrafish: identification of prostasin in factor VII
activation pathway
Jagadeeswaran P and Khandekar G
University of North Texas, Denton, USA
Background: Human factor VII (f7) is a vitamin K dependent serine
protease zymogen that plays a pivotal role in the initiation of coagulation. Its activated form, factor VIIa (f7a), circulates at 1% of the levels
of total f7. The mechanism of the initial generation of f7a has been the
subject of controversy and continues to be elusive.
Aims: Our goal is to identify protease/s involved in the activation of
f7.
Methods: We used a piggyback knockdown method, kinetic Prothrombin Time (kPT) assay and f7 and f7a ELISA assays.
Results: We hypothesized that a knockdown of all proteases encoded
by the genome and subsequent estimation of f7a levels in zebrafish
plasma may identify any protease involved in f7 activation. As an initial step we performed piggyback knockdowns of 181 serine protease
genes in adult zebrafish. We then screened their plasma with kPT assay
to select only those genes involved in the extrinsic pathway of coagulation, which includes f7 gene. Knockdowns that yielded a prolonged
kPT were then tested for a reduction in f7a levels by the f7a assay. In
primary screens we found knockdown of 22 genes yielded prolonged
kPT. Secondary and tertiary screens cobfirmed 15 genes to have a prolonged kPT. These 15 genes were then subjected to knockdowns again
and then the plasmas were screened for f7a levels in order to elucidate
their role in f7 activation. Knockdown of 6 genes f2, f7, f10, hpn, prostasin, hgfl resulted in lower f7a levels. However, knockdowns of f7
and hgfl have yielded lower f7 levels compared to f7 levels in prostasin
knockdowns.
Conclusion: Taken together, these results suggested that prostasin participates in f7a generation rather than controlling f7 levels. From the
literature, we found matriptase activates prostasin and prostasin activates hepsin. Interestingly, hepsin has also been shown to activate prostasin. We have shown hepsin activates f7 in zebrafish. Thus, we
believe a membrane bound serine protease cascade may be responsible
for circulating f7a levels in zebrafish plasma.
186
ABSTRACTS
OR237
Tissue-factor induced allosteric enhancement of factor
VIIa activity by stabilization of segment 215219 and
taming of W215 flexibility
Sorensen AB1,2, Madsen JJ3, Svensson A4, Stennicke HR5,
stergaard H1, Overgaard MT2, Olsen OH1 and Gandhi PS1
1
Haemophilia Biochemistry, Novo Nordisk A/S, M
alv;
2
Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University,
Aalborg; 3Department of Chemistry, Technical University of
Denmark, Lyngby; 4Novo Nordisk A/S, M
alv; 5Novo Nordisk A/
S, Sborg, Denmark
Background: The complex of coagulation factor VIIa (FVIIa) and tissue factor (TF) initiates blood coagulation upon vascular injury. Previous work has shown that TF binding to FVIIa generates new exosites
for macromolecular substrates and induces allosteric changes in and
around the FVIIa active-site, leading to enhanced FVIIa catalytic efficiency. Structural studies have added detailed molecular insights into
the TF binding epitope, but have not elucidated the extensive and
long-range structural effects in FVIIa.
Aims: To understand the molecular basis of TF-mediated allosteric
regulation of FVIIa activity.
Methods: In the current study we have produced 3 FVIIa variants in
which the 170-loop has been replaced with the corresponding loop
from trypsin. The resulting variants have been investigated using a
combined approach of functional and biophysical characterization, xray crystallography and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations.
Results: The functional characterization and x-ray crystal structures of
these FVIIa variants suggest that stabilization of the segment 215219
leads to maturation of the primary specificity pocket and enhanced
catalytic efficiency, independent of protease domain N-terminus insertion. MD simulations support the experimental results and vouch for
the direct involvement of W215 in TF-induced allosteric changes in the
FVIIa protease domain. Our results are further corroborated by novel
tryptophan quenching studies and solvent accessible surface area calculations.
Conclusion: We propose that in the absence of TF, FVIIa exists in a
conformation where segment 215219 is highly flexible, capable of
occupying either a collapsed or an open conformation, functioning as
an activity regulating mechanism. In addition to other changes, the
binding of TF to FVIIa stabilizes segment 215219 in an open conformation leading to enhanced functional properties of FVIIa. Taken
together, our results shed new insights into molecular mechanism of
TF-induced allosteric enhancement in FVIIa activity.
Disclosure of Interest: A. Sorensen Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S, J.
Madsen: None declared, A. Svensson Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/
S, H. Stennicke Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S, H. stergaard
Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S, M. Overgaard: None declared, O.
Olsen Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S, P. Gandhi Employee of: Novo
Nordisk A/S.
OR238
Relationships of circulating coagulation factor VIIa
(FVIIa) with common single nucleotide polymorphisms
and risk of incident ischemic stroke: the Cardiovascular
Health Study
Olson NC1, Lange LA2, Reiner AP3 and Tracy RP1
1
Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont
College of Medicine, Burlington; 2Genetics, University of North
Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill; 3Epidemiology,
for FVIIc, (influenced by both FVIIa and total FVII), as a cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor has been inconsistent. To date, no
studies have evaluated the genetic and epidemiologic associations of
FVIIa.
Aims: Evaluate the associations of FVIIa with common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and incident CVD events in a prospective
population-based cohort of older adults.
Methods: FVIIa was measured by commercial clot-rate assay (Stago)
in citrated plasma of ~3500 men and women 65-years from the Cardiovascular Health Study. Associations of FVIIa with ~50K SNPs
were evaluated using the IBCv2 genotyping array. Cox proportional
hazards models were used to calculate associations with incident CVD
outcomes (median follow-up 14.5 years).
Results: FVIIa was correlated with FVIIc (Pearson r2 = 0.44;
P < 0.0001). Mean FVIIa was higher in women than men [57.9 vs.
45.9 mU mL1] (P < 0.0001) and in European-Americans (EAs) than
African-Americans (P < 0.05). In EAs, 15 SNPs located in the F7/F10
locus (chromosome 13) and 7 SNPs located in the PROCR locus
(chromosome 20) were significantly associated with FVIIa. The top F7
SNP, rs6046 (P < 4.9 9 1024), was associated with 23.8 mU mL1
lower FVIIa per minor allele; the top PROCR SNP, rs867186
(P < 1.7 9 1012), was associated with 7.5 mU mL1 higher FVIIa
per minor allele. After adjustment for CVD-risk factors, FVIIa was
associated with incident ischemic stroke (P = 0.03). Those in the highest FVIIa tertile [ 61 mU mL1] had a 29% increased risk vs. those
in the lowest tertile [< 42 mU mL1]. There were no significant associations of FVIIa with incident MI, CHD, or CVD-related mortality.
Conclusion: These results support the importance of the F7/F10 and
PROCR loci on variation in circulating FVIIa, and suggest FVIIa may
be a risk factor for ischemic stroke in older adults.
OR239
Epidermal tissue factor in wound healing
Chappell E1, Monroe DM1, Hoffman M2 and Mackman N1
1
McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at
Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill; 2Pathology, Duke University, Durham,
USA
Background: Healing of skin wounds relies on several biological processes, including hemostasis, inflammation, cell proliferation and tissue remodeling. It has been hypothesized that tissue factor (TF), an
initiator of coagulation and regulator of inflammation, plays a role in
the re-epithelialization of skin wounds. To investigate this function,
wound healing was studied in Keratin-14 Cre+ TFfl/fl mice, which do
not produce TF in their keratinocytes.
Aims: To confirm that a lack of epidermal tissue factor influenced
wound healing and to explore the mechanisms underlying this defect.
Methods: Full thickness dermal wounds were placed on the backs of
K14 Cre+ TFfl/fl mice and Cre- littermate controls using a 3-mm
biopsy punch. The wound areas and number of healed mice were
observed daily. Wound samples were collected during the course of
healing for histological analyses and primary keratinocyte cultures
were used to study signaling.
Results: Cre+ mice exhibited deletion of TF in the epidermis and the
leading edge of healing wounds but maintained TF expression around
blood vessels. Cre+ mice had larger wounds and slower healing times
than Cre- mice and were more prone to bleeding.
Conclusion: Epidermal tissue factor is required for normal wound healing and influences bleeding, wound size and healing time. Further
studies will investigate the cellular players underlying this phenotype.
Background: A small but variable fraction (~1%) of coagulation factor

VII circulates as an active protease (FVIIa) in human plasma. Data
ABSTRACTS
Platelets Signal transduction II

OR241
Glutamate receptor interacting protein 1 mediates
platelet adhesion and thrombus formation
Modjeski K1,2, Ture S1, Field D1, Cameron S1 and Morrell C1
1
Aab CVRI; 2Pharmacology, University of Rochester, Rochester,
USA
Background: Platelets and neurons share many molecules and proteins
that are best described in neurons but also have a role in platelet function. These include granule trafficking proteins, serotonin and serotonin receptors, and glutamate receptors. We have discovered that
platelets express proteins associated with glutamate receptor trafficking in neurons, but have a different role in platelets. This includes Glutamate Receptor Interacting Protein 1 (GRIP1).
Aims: Our study describes an important role for GRIP1 in platelet
adhesion.
Methods: Platelet-specific GRIP1/ mice were created to elucidate
GRIP1 function. Tail bleeding time and mesenteric thrombosis assays
were performed to determine hemostatic and thrombotic function.
Platelets were stimulated in vitro with platelet agonists (thrombin, 2meADP) and granule release and platelet activation was measured by
determining surface expression of CD62P and activated GPIIb/IIIa as
well as PF4 and ATP release by ELISA. Adhesion behavior was determined by vessel platelet rolling experiments. Protein interactions were
determined by mass spectrometry and confirmed with immunoprepitation and Western blots.
Results: Platelet-specific GRIP1/ mice have normal platelet counts
but prolonged bleeding times and delayed vessel thrombosis. WT and
GRIP1/ platelets show no difference in agonist induced granule exocytosis or GPIIb/IIIa activation. However, in vivo platelet rolling
velocity is significantly increased in GRIP1/ platelets indicating a
platelet adhesion defect. Potential GRIP1 interacting proteins were
identified and revealed GRIP1 binding with the GP1b-IX complex.
Further experiments have confirmed that GRIP1 interacts with
GP1ba, GP1bb, and 14-3-3. GRIP1/ platelets have altered GP1b-IX
complex and 14-3-3 interactions in resting and activated conditions
that may lead to reduced platelet adhesion.
Conclusion: We have found that GRIP1 is part of the GP1b-IX complex and may have an important role in platelet adhesion in vivo.
OR242
Unexpected role of platelets in lung development
depending on a platelet activation receptor, CLEC-2
Tsukiji N1, Inoue O2, Tamura S1, Shirai T1, Sasaki T1, Satoh K1,
Suzuki-Inoue K1 and Ozaki Y1
1
Department of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of
Medicine; 2Infection Control Office, University of Yamanashi
Hospital, Facaluty of Medicene, University of Yamanashi, Chuo,
Yamanashi, Japan
Background: We have previously identified CLEC-2 as a receptor for
platelet-activating snake venom rhodocytin and its endogenous ligand
Podoplanin. In recent years, we and other groups have revealed that
CLEC-2 on platelets has a lot of physiological functions other than
thrombosis and hemostasis, such as blood-lymphatic vessel separation,
inflammation and cancer metastasis. We have previously reported that
CLEC-2 null mice die shortly after birth. Therefore, we hypothesized
that CLEC-2 on platelets also plays important roles in lung development.
Aims: The aim of this study is to elucidate CLEC-2 functions during
lung development.
187
Methods: We conducted histological phenotypic analysis of the lung of

CLEC-2 null mice and platelet-specific CLEC-2-deficient mice (CLEC2 CKO, PF4-Cre CLEC-2flox/flox) during developmental stages. We
also injected anti-CLEC-2 antibody to pregnant female mice of
CLEC-2 CKO or generated PF4-Cre CLEC-2flox/ fetus to completely
deplete residual CLEC-2 expression from platelets and histologically
analyzed the lung of the fetus.
Results: We found that CLEC-2 null mice showed alveolar septum
malformation (thickened alveolar septum and narrow air spaces)
which may be caused by abnormal distribution of myofibroblasts. To
elucidate whether CLEC-2 on platelets are involved in lung development, we analyzed CLEC-2 CKO mice. The CKO mice showed similar
phenotypes to CLEC-2 null mice, but the phenotypes are milder and
they are viable. Because we found that CLEC-2 CKO fetal platelets
showed small residual expression of CLEC-2, we attempted the further
reduction of CLEC-2 expression in CLEC-2 CKO fetal platelets by
genetic procedure and antibody administration. Intriguingly, these
procedures enhanced phenotypic severity of the lung and lethality after
birth. We also found that Podoplanin expression was detected in bronchial epithelium, mesothelium and a part of lymphatic endothelial cells
during lung development.
Conclusion: CLEC-2 on platelets is essential for normal lung development.
OR243
Non-genomic activities of retinoic acid receptor alpha
control actin cytoskeletal events in human platelets
Schwertz H1,2,3,4, Freitag M4, Rowley JW1, Kraiss LW1,2,
Franks Z1, Zimmerman GA1,5, Weyrich AS1,5 and Rondina MT1,5,6
1
Molecular Medicine Program; 2Vascular Surgery, University of
Utah, Salt Lake City, USA; 3Lichtenberg-Professor; 4Transfusion
Medicine, Universit
atsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany;
5
Internal Medicine, University of Utah; 6Internal Medicine,
George E. Wahlen Salt Lake City VAMC, Salt Lake City, USA
Background: We previously demonstrated that anucleate human platelets are capable of performing nuclear functions, i.e. pre-mRNA splicing, progeny formation. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that
human platelets (and megakaryocytes) constitutively express the retinoic acid receptor (RAR)-a, classically considered a nuclear transcription regulatory receptor.
Aims: Decipher the function of RARa in human platelets.
Methods: RARa expression, and interactions were analyzed using
PCR and Co-IP techniques. Arp2/3 subunit 5 expression was studied
using RNA deep sequencing approaches, immunocytochemistry, and
duolink co-localization techniques. Actin branching was visualized
using an in vitro actin branching assay utilizing recombinant proteins
in conjunction with live microscopy experiments.
Results: We identify that in human platelets, RARa interacts directly
with Arp2/3 subunit 5, a component of the Arp2/3 complex. Arp2/3
subunit 5 is abundantly expressed in human platelets, co-localizes with
RARa, and regulates human platelet cytoskeletal functions. The highaffinity RARa ligand all-trans-reinoic acid (atRA) disrupts RARaArp2/3 interactions, inhibits platelet spreading, and blocks platelet progeny formation while preserving platelet activation responses. We further
show that RARa, when interacting with Arp2/3, acts as an inhibitory
factor for actin nucleation and complex actin branch formation.
Conclusion: Our findings identify a previously unknown mechanism by
which RARa regulates Arp2/3-mediated actin cytoskeletal dynamics
in human platelets through a non-genomic signaling pathway. These
findings have broad implications in both nucleated and anucleate cells
where actin cytoskeletal dynamics are integral to cell movement and
division.
188
ABSTRACTS
OR244
Leukemia-associated rhogef (LARG) plays a minor role
in rhoa activation, yet is critical for platelet activation
in mice
Williams CM1, Harper MT2, Goggs R3, Walsh TG1, Offermanns S4
and Poole AW1
1
School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol,
Bristol; 2Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge,
Cambridge, UK; 3Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell
University, Ithaca, USA; 4Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung
Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
Background: Platelets express multiple members of the Rho-family of
small GTPases whose role, as in other cell types, is to regulate actin
cytoskeletal rearrangements and membrane and granule trafficking.
RhoA is described as being an important Rho-family member in platelets, regulating platelet generation and function; however, much is still
not know about the regulation of RhoA in platelets. LARG (ARHGEF12) is a GPCR-regulated RhoGEF and is reported as being the
most highly expressed RhoGEF in platelets. We hypothesized that
LARG may therefore be an important regulator of RhoA activation
in platelets.
Aims: To characterize the role of LARG in platelets.
Methods: A LARG conditional knockout driven by the PF4 promoter
was used for analysis of platelet function and thrombosis.
Results: We have found that platelet-specific deletion of LARG results
in an attenuation of platelet aggregation and secretion responses in
response to the thromboxane receptor agonist, U46619, and the
PAR4-receptor agonist, AYPGKF, but not ADP. Similarly, reduced
thrombus formation was seen at low ferric chloride-injury levels
in vivo. Interestingly, RhoA activation was largely unaffected by the
absence of LARG. Haematological parameters and cell surface receptors were unchanged in the absence of LARG.
Conclusion: LARG is an important regulator of platelet function and
thrombus formation in vivo, but does not appear to be a critical regulator of RhoA. This suggests that RhoA could be regulated by other
RhoGEFs and/or LARG is also a GEF for other Rho-family members. The absence of any defect in haematological parameters or surface receptors suggests that, unlike RhoA, the absence of LARG does
not affect platelet generation.
OR245
Calpain-controlled detachment of major glycoproteins
from cytoskeleton regulates adhesive properties of
phosphatidylserine-positive activated platelets
Artemenko E1, Yakimenko A1, Pichugin A2, Ataullakhanov F3 and
Panteleev M1
1
Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Hemostasis, Center for
Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology;
2
Laboratory of Immunity Stimulation, Institute of Immunology
FMBA of Russia; 3Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Center for
Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology,
Moscow, Russia
Background: In resting platelets, adhesive membrane glycoproteins are
attached to the cytoskeleton. Upon strong activation, two platelet subpopulations are formed, phosphatidylserine(PS)-positive and PS-negative ones.
Aims: The objective of this study was to investigate the attachment of
the key adhesive glycoproteins to platelet cytoskeleton in platelet subpopulation and the relationship between the attachment/detachment
adhesive glycoproteins and adhesive properties of platelets.
Methods: We used a flow cytometry-based single-cell approach and

Western blotting to investigate the attachment of membrane glycoproteins to the cytoskeleton in platelet subpopulations. Protein electrophoresis was used to examine the status of cytoskeletal proteins.
Confocal microscopy was used for visualization of adherent platelets
in a flow chamber.
Results: In PS-negative activated platelets, adhesive glycoproteins integrin aIIbb3, glycoprotein Ib and, as shown for the first time, P-selectin
were associated with cytoskeleton. In contrast, this attachment was
disrupted in PS-positive activated platelets. It correlated with the degradation of talin and filamin observed only in PS-positive platelets as
detected by protein electrophoresis of pre-sorted platelet subpopulations. Calpain inhibitors significantly decreased the disruption of the
membrane glycoprotein attachment in PS-positive platelets, as well as
talin and filamin degradation. Suggesting that the detachment of key
glycoproteins from platelet cytoskeleton may affect adhesive properties of PS-positive platelets, we investigated the ability of PS-positive
platelets to resist shear-induced detachment from the immobilized
fibrinogen in a flow chamber. This resistance was very low, but it was
increased more than 10-fold by pretreatment of platelets with calpain
inhibitor MDL28170.
Conclusion: Our data suggest that calpain-controlled detachment of
membrane glycoproteins negatively regulates adhesive properties of
PS-positive activated platelets.
Coagulation factors, V, X and XIII

OR246
Macrophage-specific receptor SR-AI plays a crucial
protective role in the regulation of coagulation factor X
plasma levels
Muczynski V, Bazaa A, Harel A, Loubi
ere C, Cherel G, Lenting PJ,
Denis CV and Christophe OD
Inserm U1176 and UMR_S 1176 Universit
e Paris Sud, Le
Kremlin-Bic^
etre, France
Background: Factor X (FX) is known to have a long circulating halflife (40 h) compared to structurally related hemostatic factors such as
Factor VII (5 h). However, the mechanism regulating FX plasma levels remains poorly understood. Our laboratory demonstrated that FX
binds specifically to Kupffer cells, macrophages present in the liver.
Surprisingly, macrophage depletion in mice strongly reduced plasma
levels of FX, indicating that macrophages play a protective role in the
regulation of FX plasma levels.
Aims: To investigate the mechanism by which macrophages maintain
FX plasma levels.
Methods: Duolink-PLA and classical immuno-staining were used to
identify potential receptors for FX on macrophages (both primary and
THP1-derived). FX-receptor interactions were further characterized
using purified proteins, transfected cell lines and knock-out mice.
Results: Flow cytometry experiments using undifferentiated monocytes
vs. macrophages demonstrated that FX selectively binds to macrophages but not their undifferentiated precursors. Duolink-PLA and
immuno-confocal microscopy revealed that FX displays a high degree
of co-localisation (53 23%) with the Scavenger Receptor class AI
(SR-AI), a macrophage-specific receptor. Binding experiments using
purified proteins demonstrated a dose-dependent association of FX to
immobilized SR-AI, which could be blocked by SR-AI specific inhibitors. Furthermore, FX bound specifically to SR-AI-expressing
HEK293 cells but not to mock-transfected HEK293 cells. In addition,
no significant binding of FX to macrophages obtained from SR-AIdeficient mice could be detected. Finally, endogenous FX plasma levels
were decreased by 65 18% in SR-AI-deficient mice compared to
wild-type mice.
ABSTRACTS
Conclusion: Altogether, our study demonstrates that FX is a ligand for
macrophage-receptor SR-AI, and that binding to SR-AI is indispensable to maintain normal FX plasma levels.
Disclosure of Interest: V. Muczynski: None declared, A. Bazaa: None
declared, A. Harel: None declared, C. Loubiere: None declared, G.
Cherel: None declared, P. Lenting: None declared, C. Denis: None
declared, O. Christophe Grant/Research Support from: Novo Nordisk
A/S.
OR247
CB-FXa: an improved second generation FXa variant
Madison E, Thanos C, Fox M, McCluskie K, Gureasko J, Byun T
and Sloane D
Catalyst Biosciences, Inc., South San Francisco, USA
Background: Wild type (wt) human FXa, a key component of FEIBA, acts downstream in the coagulation cascade of Factors VIII
and FIX. Consequently, FXa variants have the potential to become
universal procoagulant agents that could be used to treat both hemophilia inhibitor and normal patients (e.g., surgical bleeding or
trauma).
Aims: To use structure-based rational design and molecular modeling
to create a novel variant of human FXa (CB-FXa) that exhibits a significantly enhanced therapeutic index and improved efficacy and duration of action in vivo.
Methods: We measured the co-factor dependence of procoagulant
activity (i.e., the ratio of catalytic efficiencies of a FXa protein for activation of prothrombin to thrombin in the presence or absence of
FVa), the rate of inhibition by ATIII, and the efficacy for inhibition of
bleeding (tail clip model) in FVIII/ mice. In addition, we performed single dose escalation toxicity/safety studies using wild type
mice.
Results: CB-FXa maintained full procoagulant activity in the presence
of co-factor (FVa) but displayed substantially decreased catalytic
activity in the absence of co-factor. Consequently, the co-factor dependence of CB-FXa is enhanced by more than 450-fold compared with
wt, human FXa and by more than 10-fold compared with FXa/I16L, a
FXa drug candidate that is currently being tested in clinical trials. CBFXa also exhibited more than 2000-fold resistance to inhibition by
ATIII, compared with wild type FXa, and 40-fold greater resistance
than FXa/I16L. In addition, data from murine efficacy and toxicity
models demonstrated that CB-FXa displayed both significantly greater
efficacy (14.525-fold) and therapeutic index (> 5-fold) in vivo than
either wild type FXa or FXa/I16L.
Conclusion: Based on these improved in vitro and in vivo properties,
CB-FXa appears to represent a novel second generation FXa variant
that is significantly differentiated from both wt FXa and other
advanced second generation FXa variants.
Disclosure of Interest: E. Madison Employee of: Catalyst Biosciences,
Inc., C. Thanos Employee of: Catalyst Biosciences, Inc., M. Fox
Employee of: Catalyst Biosciences, Inc., K. McCluskie Employee of:
Catalyst Biosciences, Inc., J. Gureasko Employee of: Catalyst Biosciences, Inc., T. Byun Employee of: Catalyst Biosciences, Inc., D. Sloane Employee of: Catalyst Biosciences, Inc.
189
OR248
Characterization of a novel FV mutation (A512V, FV
Bonn) associated with deep vein thrombosis and APC
resistance
Pezeshkpoor B1, Castoldi E2, Hamedani NS1, Biswas A1,
Oldenburg J1 and Pavlova A1
1
Institute of Experimental Haematology and Transfusion
medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; 2Department of
Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht
(CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
Background: Coagulation factor V (FV) has pro- and anticoagulant
functions that make it a key regulator of haemostasis. Inactivation of
FVa and FVIIIa by activated protein C (APC) is a major anticoagulant mechanism. FVLeiden (R506Q) and other mutations associated
with APC resistance are risk factors for venous thrombosis.
Aims: To characterise a novel F5 mutation (A512V, FVBonn), linked to
APC resistance and clinically associated with deep vein thrombosis.
Methods: The FVBonn mutation was detected in 3 unrelated patients
exhibiting APCR and deep vein thrombosis. The mutation was
expressed transiently in a mammalian expression system. APC resistance was evaluated by aPTT and thrombin generation assay (TGT).
The prothrombinase assay was performed to assess the APC inactivation rate of FVBonn. The cofactor activity of FV was analysed by a
FVIII degradation assay.
Results: FVBonn conferred marked APC resistance to FV-deficient
plasma, both in the aPTT (APCsr 1.98 for FVBonn vs. 1.59 for FVLeiden
and 4.31 for FVwt) and TGT (nAPCsr 5.41 for FVBonn vs. 9.00 for
FVLeiden and 1.00 for FVwt) assays. The APC-mediated inactivation of
FVaBonn was partially impaired due to delayed cleavage at Arg506, and
greatly stimulated by protein S. The APC-cofactor activity of FVBonn
in FVIIIa inactivation was ~80% of that of FVwt.
Conclusion: We have identified and characterized a novel F5 mutation
associated with APC resistance and deep vein thrombosis. Although
the FVBonn mutation does not directly affect an APC-cleavage site, it
is located close to the Arg506 cleavage site and causes APC resistance
with a mechanism similar to that of FVLeiden. Decreased susceptibility
to APC-catalysed inactivation and reduced APC-cofactor activity in
APC-catalysed FVIIIa inactivation both contribute to FVBonn associated APC resistance.
OR249
Platelet-derived factor V regulates arterial thrombosis
Wu J1, Ren M2, Li Y3, Pang N4, Chen N4, Deng X1, Yang Y1,
Xiao N1 and Sun H5
1
Drug Discovery Research Center, Luzhou Medical College,
China, Luzhou; 2Drug Discovery Research Center, Luzhou
Medical College, Luz; 3Drug Discovery Research Center; 4Drug
Discovery Rsearch Center, Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou,
China; 5Internal Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia,
USA
Background: Coagulation factor V (FV) plays a key role in hemostasis,
presents in plasma and platelets, and has a profound impact on thrombin formation. Patients with undetectable plasma FV seldom experience major bleeding, however, a causal role for FV in arterial
thrombosis has not been established.
Aims: Our aim was to determine the role of platelet-derived FV in the
regulation of arterial thrombosis.
Methods: Here, using transgenic mice with FV gene expression
restricted to either the liver or megakaryocyte/platelet lineage. Mice
were subjected to FeCl3 carotid artery injury, and the time required to
form an occlusive thrombus was measured.
190
ABSTRACTS
Results: We found that time to arterial thrombotic occlusion was

markedly prolonged in Tg+/F5/ mice (expressed approximately
15% of wild-type plasma FV level and undetectable platelet FV level).
We observed that FV is expressed in platelets from Tg/F5 + /+
(expressed approximately 100% of wild-type plasma FV level and
100% of wild-type platelet FV level) and Tg/F5 + / mice
(expressed approximately 65% of wild-type plasma FV level and 50%
of wild-type platelet FV level). Infusion of Tg/F5 + /+ mice platelets into Tg+/F5/ mice decreased the time to carotid artery occlusion after injury, indicating that platelet-derived FV directly
regulates thrombosis.
Conclusion: Our data identify a molecular pathway of thrombosis that
involves platelet FV and suggest that targeting FV has potential for
treating atherothrombotic disorders.
OR250
Development of a novel assay method of coagulation
factor XIII activity for the detection of its inhibitor in
plasma
Souri M, Osaki T and Ichinose A
Molecular Patho-Biochemistry & Patho-Biology, Yamagata
University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
Background: Autoimmune hemorrhagic factor XIII (FXIII) deficiency
(AH13) is a severe bleeding disorder due to anti-FXIII autoantibodies
(autoAbs), and diagnosed cases of AH13 have recently been on the
increase in Japan. We previously identified 40 AH13 cases and classified their anti-FXIII autoAbs into three types by their immunological
properties. Type Aa and Ab autoAbs were anti-FXIII-A subunit
(FXIII-A) IgGs and inhibited activation of FXIII and/or activity of
activated FXIII, respectively. Inhibition of FXIII activity by antiFXIII autoAbs was sometimes overlooked by either ammonia-release
or amine-incorporation assay using small molecule substrates.
Aims: We developed a novel FXIII assay based on cross-linking of
fibrin, to detect FXIII inhibitors much reliably.
Methods: Since incorporation of a2-plasmin inhibitor (a2PI) into fibrin
clot was markedly reduced in AH13 cases, a fusion protein of the Nterminal portion of a2PI with alkaline phosphatase (PI-AP) was constructed as a reporter substrate. Plasma supplemented with PI-AP was
reacted with thrombin and calcium, and AP activity incorporated into
the clot was measured using chromogenic AP substrate.
Results: AP activity could be detected in fibrin clot generated from a
complete reaction mixture of normal plasma but not that of FXIIIdeficient plasma. FXIII-dose-dependent incorporation of PI-AP into
the clot was confirmed by serial dilution of normal plasma with FXIIIdeficient plasma. A five-step mixing test revealed an inhibition pattern
of PI-AP incorporation in type Aa and Ab plasma where the inhibition
was ambiguous in amine-incorporation and ammonia-release assays.
This new assay allowed calculation of Bethesda units of inhibitors that
correlated to other inhibitory profiles as well as reactivity to antigen.
Conclusion: New FXIII assay could detect the presence of FXIII inhibitors more reliably than traditional methods, and may be applied to a
point-of-care-test of FXIII deficiency including AH13.
Arterial vascular disease

OR251
The effect of intracoronary stem cell injection on
markers of leukocyte activation in acute myocardial
infarction
Helseth R1, Opstad T1, Solheim S1, Lunde K2, Arnesen H1 and
Seljeflot I1
1
Department of Cardiology, Center for Clinical Heart Research,
Oslo University Hospital Ullev
al; 2Department of Cardiology,
Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
Background: Beneficial effects of stem cell treatment during ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) have been suggested, but the
effects on inflammation are controversial. The neutrophil cell markers
pentraxin 3 (PTX3) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) are both reported to
be elevated during STEMI.
Aims: To adress the effects of stem cell treatment in STEMI on circulating and gene expression levels of PTX3 and MPO.
Methods: Subjects with STEMI undergoing percutaneous coronary
intervention (PCI) were randomized to intracoronary injection of bone
marrow cells (mBMC) (n = 50) or controls (n = 50). Blood samples
were drawn one day before mBMC injection (baseline, median 6 days
after PCI), after one day, three days, 23 weeks and 3 months. ELISA
and RT-PCR were used for biochemical analyses. Myocardial necrosis
was quantified by SPECT and levels of CKMB. The study was
approved by the Regional Committee for Medical Research Ethics.
All patients gave written informed consent to participate.
Results: PTX3 and MPO levels did not differ between the groups at
any time point. Within the mBMC group, overall changes in both variables were observed (P < 0.01), with decreased levels from baseline
throughout. Within the control group, similar patterns were observed.
The relative reduction of PTX3 from baseline to Day 1 was significantly less pronounced in the mBMC group compared to controls
(P = 0.002), whereas no differences in relative changes from baseline
were observed for MPO. Plasma and gene expression levels of PTX3
in leukocytes correlated significantly at all time points (r = 0.379
0.448, P < 0.01, all). Plasma levels of MPO correlated significantly to
baseline LVEF (r = 0.229, P = 0.025) and peak CKMB (r = 0.200,
P = 0.05).
Conclusion: Stem cell treatment had limited effect on plasma levels of
PTX3 and MPO. The initially high PTX3 and MPO levels, the genetic
regulation of PTX3 and the association between MPO and myocardial
injury support the importance of neutrophil cell activation in STEMI.
OR252
Platelet neutrophil complex formation and infiltration
is regulated by peripheral serotonin in a mouse model
of myocardial infarction
Mauler M1,2, Witsch T2,3, Dorner L2, Blanz KD2, Koentges C1,2,
Stallmann D2, Bode C2, Bugger H2 and Duerschmied D2
1
Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg; 2Cardiology and
Angiology I, Heart Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg,
Germany; 3Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
Background: Reperfusion injury leads to platelet neutrophil complex
(PNC) migration into cardiac tissue which affects the extent of necrosis after myocardial infarction (MI). Local serotonin levels are elevated
during ischemia. Inflammatory response and neutrophil recruitment is
attenuated in mice lacking peripheral serotonin (tryptophan hydroxylase-1-deficient mice, Tph1/).
ABSTRACTS
Aims: Evaluate the effect of platelet serotonin on PNC formation and
infiltration after myocardial ischemia reperfusion and its effect on
necrosis and heart function.
Methods: WT and Tph1/ mice underwent surgery to induce MI.
Reperfusion was allowed after 30 min. Heart function was determined
by echocardiography after 24 h. Hearts were then excised to evaluate
infarct size. PNC content was determined by flow cytometry and histology. Heart function of healthy WT and Tph1/ mice was analyzed in a working heart model. Cardiomyocytes were isolated from
healthy WT and Tph1/ mice and survival was assessed over 48 h.
Results: Histology of frozen sections revealed a reduced number of
PNCs in Tph1/ mice (16 3) compared to WT (7 3*). This was
confirmed by flow cytometry of heart tissue (4 2 in Tph1/;
13 1 in WT*) and blood (24 8 in Tph1/; 41 15 in WT*).
Infarct size was 37 9% area at risk (AAR) in Tph1/ mice and
53 13% AAR in WT mice (*). Echocardiography showed better
heart function in Tph1/ compared to WT mice after surgery
(49 4%EF vs. 41 6%EF*) whereas cardiac power after no flow
in the ex vivo working heart assay was similar (33 4 vs.
31 3 mW gHW1). Isolated cardiomyocytes of Tph1/ and WT
mice showed equal survival after 48 h (11.5% vs. 8.8%). *: P < 0.05.
Conclusion: Lack of platelet serotonin does not influence heart function of isolated hearts or survivability of cardiomyocytes in vitro.
However, PNC formation and infiltration is reduced in Tph1/ mice
resulting in attenuated reperfusion injury in vivo. Serotonin appears to
account for up to 30% of myocardial reperfusion injury by promoting
PNC formation.
OR253
Post- PCI thrombin generation and cardiovascular
mortality in acute coronary syndrome patients
Attanasio M1,2, Marcucci R1,2, Gori A1,2, Paniccia R1,2, Priora R2,
Valente S1, Balzi D3, Barchielli A3, Abbate R1,2 and Gensini GF1,2
1
AOU Careggi; 2Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University
of Florence; 3Epidemiology Unit, ASF Tuscany Region, Florence,
Italy
Background: Thrombin generation (TG) is a central step of the coagulation system involved in hemostatic and thrombotic roles, from promotion and inhibition of clotting, to fibrinolysis, platelet activation,
and inflammation. No data are available on the possible role of
thrombin generation on the prognosis of acute coronary syndrome
(ACS) patients in the era of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)
and stenting with dual antiplatelet therapy.
Aims: Aim of our study was to evaluate the possible association
between the entity of thrombin generation and cardiovascular death in
ACS patients undergoing PCI and stenting.
Methods: We investigated thrombin generation in 294 ACS patients
(157 ST-elevation myocardial infarction [STEMI]; 137 Non-STEMI/
Unstable Angina). TG was assessed using the calibrated automated
thrombogram (CAT, Stago, France) and was expressed as endogenous
thrombin potential (ETP), peak, and velocity index. Venous samples
were obtained within 24 h from PCI.
Results: At one-year follow-up, 57 out of 294 patients (19.4%) died
from cardiovascular causes. Higher values of ETP [1115.9 (705
1441.3) vs. 940.2 (666.01253.1) P = 0.049], peak [176.1 (80.5259.4)
vs. 107.3 (59.9181.1) P = 0.002] and of velocity index [61.75 (21.03
97.88) vs. 25.64 (11.9550.90) P < 0.001] were detected in patients
dead during follow up compared to alive patients. At the multivariate
model adjusted for the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events
(GRACE) risk score, the association between TG and cardiovascular
death remained significant for peak [OR (95% CI): 2.341 (1.095.04)
P = 0.030] and velocity index [OR (95% CI): 2.159 (1.014.63)
P = 0.048].
191
Conclusion: In conclusion, high entity of thrombin generation, despite

antithrombotic treatment and stent implantation, is an independent
predictor of cardiovascular death and may be useful in improving risk
stratification for ACS patients. Future prospective studies to evaluate
the role of TG in determining cardiovascular events are warranted.
OR254
Repeated measures of modifiable atherosclerotic risk
factors over time and risk of myocardial infarction and
venous thrombosis
Smabrekke B1, Rinde LB1, Hald EM1,2, Vik A1,2, Wilsgaard T3,
Njlstad I3, Mathiesen E4, Brkkan SK1,2 and Hansen J-B1,2
1
North Norway; 3Department of Community Medicine, UiT The
Arctic University of Norway, Troms, Norway; 4Brain and
Circulation Research Group, Department of Community
Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Troms,
Norway
Background: Modifiable risk factors may influence the reported associations from cohort studies, especially when follow-up time is long.
Aims: To investigate whether changes in cardiovascular risk factors
during follow-up affected the risk estimates for myocardial infarction
(MI) and venous thromboembolism (VTE) in a population-based
cohort with repeated measures.
Methods: The study included 6275 subjects enrolled in the fourth survey of Troms study (1994/95). Blood pressure, lipid levels, body mass
index (BMI), diabetes and smoking status were measured at baseline,
and subjects still alive at the fifth (2001/02, n = 5376) and sixth (2007/
08, n = 4391) surveys were re-measured. Incident events of MI and
VTE were recorded from enrollment to study end (December 2010).
Conventional and time-varying Cox regression models were used to
calculate hazard ratios (HR) for VTE and MI adjusted for age, sex
and BMI. The study was approved by the research ethics committee
and all subjects gave informed written consent.
Results: There were 848 incident MIs and 266 incident VTEs during
follow-up. Variables that changed considerably over time were associated with the greatest changes in risk estimates when the time-varying
model was compared to the conventional model. For MI, risk estimates associated with diabetes, smoking and physical activity changed
from 2.55 (95% CI 1.963.32) to 1.91 (95% CI 1.502.43), from 1.80
(95% CI 1.572.08) to 2.07 (95% CI 1.792.39) and from 0.77 (95%
CI 0.650.92) to 0.66 (95% CI 0.550.79), respectively. Variations in
blood pressure and lipid levels were small over time, and did not alter
the risk estimates in the time-varying model. BMI was the only factor
associated with VTE, and the HR associated with obesity changed
from 2.14 (95% CI 1.533.01) to 1.83 (95% CI 1.322.53) in the timevarying model.
Conclusion: For MI and VTE, risk estimates based on baseline and
repeated measures corresponded well. Cardiovascular risk factors,
except BMI, were not associated with VTE in time-varying analyses.
192
ABSTRACTS
OR255
Recurrence and mortality in young women with
myocardial infarction or ischemic stroke: 19-year
follow-up of the risk of arterial thrombosis in relation
to oral contraceptives (RATIO) study
1
treatment I
5
Maino A , Siegerink B , Algra A , Peyvandi F and Rosendaal FR

1
Thrombosis and Heamostasis, Angelo Bianchi Bonomi
Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Fondazione Irccs C
a Granda
Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; 2Department of
Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden;
3
Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; 4Angelo
Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, Fondazione
IRCCS Ca Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano,
Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy; 5Department of
Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Leiden University Medical Center,
Leiden, The Netherlands
Background: Data on long term follow-up of cardiovascular diseases
in the young are scarce. Moreover, it is unknown if prothrombotic
state affects the risk of recurrences.
Aims: To investigate the long term mortality and cardiovascular recurrences in young women who survived myocardial infarction (MI) or ischaemic stroke (IS).
Methods: Young women (< 50 years) with either MI (n = 226) or IS of
noncardioembolic origin (n = 160) or no history of arterial thrombosis
(i.e. healthy control subjects, n = 782) were followed between 1995
and 2012. Incidence rates (IR) and their ratios (IRR) for patients vs.
controls were calculated for vascular events (MI or IS) and mortality.
We used Cox regression to obtain hazard ratios (HR) adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors. A prothrombotic score summarising acquired
and inherited procoagulant markers was used in a quartile analysis to
determine the relationship between hypercoagulability and the risk of
recurrence.
Results: During the median follow-up of 19 years, 83 deaths occurred.
Mortality rates per 1000 person-years were 8.8 (95% Confidence Interval 6.212.3) in MI patients, 4.4 (95% CI 2.47.6) in IS patients, and
2.4 (95% CI 1.73.4) in controls. Cardiovascular events occurred in 44
MI patients (IR 12.1 per 1000 person-years; 95% CI 8.716.2), 37 IS
patients (IR 14.1; 95% CI 9.919.4) and 13 controls (IR 0.9; 95% CI
0.51.5). Compared with controls, fully-adjusted HRs for cardiovascular events were 9.8 (95% CI 5.019.4) in MI patients and 12.9 (95% CI
6.725.0) in IS patients. Analysis of the score suggested that a prothrombotic state is associated with an increased risk of recurrence in
IS patients (highest vs. lowest quartile adjusted HR 1.9, 95% CI 0.6
6.3), but not in MI patients (highest vs. lowest quartile HR 0.7, 95%
CI 0.31.8).
Conclusion: Young women who survived MI or IS have a high long
term mortality and morbidity. A prothrombotic tendency may
increase the risk of cardiovascular recurrence after IS, but not after
MI.
OR256
Residual vein thrombosis and the incidence of
subsequent serious complications in patients treated
with conventional anticoagulation
Prandoni P1, Lensing AW2, Prins MH3, Villalta S4 and Noventa F5
1
Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy;
2
Vascular Medicine, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam;
3
Clinical Epidemiology, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The
Netherlands; 4Medicine, University of Treviso, Treviso;
5
Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
Background: Deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) places a substantial number
of patients at risk for long-term complications, such as recurrent
venous thromboembolism (VTE), (severe) post-thrombotic syndrome
(PTS), cancer and arterial thrombotic events. Whether residual vein
thrombosis (RVT) can help identify patients at higher risk of these
events is unknown.
Aims: To assess whether the ultrasound assessment of RVT can help
predict serious adverse events occurring in patients with proximal
DVT after the first three months.
Methods: We followed up for up to three years 869 consecutive
patients with proximal DVT in a 7-year period. They received unfractionated or low-molecular-weight heparin followed by warfarin for 3
24 months. The assessment of RVT (defined as the incompressibility
of at least 4 mm in the common femoral and/or the popliteal vein),
was performed after three months. RVT was detected in 429 (49.4%)
patients. Patients were censored after the uneventful completion of follow-up, at the time of death, loss to follow-up or development of
events which we regarded as having comparable severity, i.e., recurrent
VTE, severe PTS (skin ulcer or Villalta score > 14), overt cancer, acute
myocardial infarction or ischemic stroke, whichever came first.
Results: Serious complications developed in 142 (33.1%) patients with
and in 68 (15.5%) without RVT: recurrent VTE in 76 (17.7%) and 39
(8.9%); PTS in 26 (6.1%) and 15 (3.4%); cancer in 18 (4.2%) and 7
(1.6%); arterial disorders in 22 (5.1%) and 7 (1.6%), respectively.
After adjusting for age, gender, extent of thrombosis, previous VTE,
type of DVT (idiopathic or secondary) and duration of anticoagulation, the HR for serious complications in patients with as compared
with those without RVT was 2.51 (95% CI, 1.873.36; P < 0.001).
Conclusion: In patients with proximal DVT, RVT increases the risk of
serious long-term complications remarkably. Repeating ultrasonography after 3 months can help stratify the risk of patients and provide
guidance for management decisions.
ABSTRACTS
OR257
Efficacy and safety of outpatient treatment based on
the hestia clinical decision rule with or without ntprobnp testing in patients with acute pulmonary
embolism: a randomized trial
1
den Exter PL , Zondag W , Klok FA , Brouwer R , Dolsma A ,

Eijsvogel M4, Faber LM5, Grootenboers MJ6, Heller-Baan R7,
Hovens MM8, Jonkers GJ9, van Kralingen KW10, Mairuhu R11,
Melissant CF12, Peltenburg H13, Post J14, van de Ree MA15,
Vlasveld T16, de Vreede MJ17 and Huisman MV1
1
Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden; 2Reinier de Graaf
Hospital, Delft; 3Diaconessenhuis, Leiden; 4Medisch Spectrum
Twente, Enschede; 5Rode Kruis Hospital, Beverwijk; 6Amphia
Hospital, Breda; 7Ikazia Hospital, Rotterdam; 8Rijnstate Hospital,
Arnhem; 9Rijnland Hospital, Leiderdorp; 10Van Weel Bethesda
Hospital, Dirksland; 11Haga Hospital, The Hague; 12Spaarne
Hospital, Hoofddorp; 13Groene Hart Hospital, Gouda; 14VU
Medical Center, Amsterdam; 15Diakonessenhuis, Utrecht;
16
Bronovo Hospital; 17Medisch Centrum Haaglanden, The
Hague, The Netherlands
Background: Outpatient treatment of acute pulmonary embolism (PE)
may lead to improved patient satisfaction and reduced health care
costs. However, large scale trials to assess its safety and the optimal
method for patient selection are scarce.
Aims: To investigate the safety of selecting PE patients for outpatient
treatment by clinical criteria alone compared to clinical criteria combined with NT-proBNP testing.
Methods: Randomized non-inferiority trial conducted in 17 Dutch
hospitals. Patients with proven acute PE were screened for outpatient
treatment eligibility based on the Hestia criteria (Zondag et al., JTH
2011). Patients without any of the Hestia criteria were randomized to
direct discharge or additional NT-proBNP testing. The latter patients
were discharged as well if NT-proBNP was 500 ng L1 or admitted
if NT-proBNP was > 500 ng L1. Primary endpoint was 30-day
adverse outcome defined as PE or bleeding-related mortality, cardiopulmonary resuscitation or IC admission. Secondary endpoints were
recurrent VTE, major bleeding and all-cause mortality.
Results: Between 2010 and 2013, 550 patients were randomized. In the
NT-proBNP group, 34/275 (12%) had elevated NT-proBNP values
and were managed as inpatients. The primary endpoint occurred in
none of these 275 patients (0%; 95% CI 01.3%), vs. in 3/275 (1.1%;
95% CI 0.23.2%) of the patients in the direct discharge group
(P = 0.08). These 3 patients all had normal NT-proBNP levels measured post-hoc. During 3-month follow-up, recurrent VTE occurred in
2 patients (0.73%; 95% CI 0.12.6%) in the NT-proBNP group vs. 3
patients (1.1%; 95% CI 0.23.2%) in the direct discharge group
(P = 0.65). The rates of major bleeding were 0.4% vs. 1.1% (P = 0.62)
and of all-cause mortality 1.5% vs. 1.1% (P = 0.70), respectively.
Conclusion: Outpatient treatment of PE patients selected by the Hestia
criteria alone is safe. Additional prognostic assessment based on NTproBNP levels would only change therapeutic management in 12% of
patients, without affecting the 30-day prognosis.
193
OR258
Comparison of ultrasound assisted catheter-directed
thrombolysis (CDT) and CDT alone for treatment of
proximal deep vein thrombosis
Tichelaar V1, Brodin E1, Vik A1,2, Isaksen T1, Skjeldestad F-E3,
Singh K4 and Hansen J-B1
1
K.G. Jebsen TREC, Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic
University of Norway; 2Division of Internal Medicine, University
Hospital of North Norway; 3Community Medicine, UiT The
Arctic University of Norway; 4Radiology, University Hospital of
Background: Recent studies suggested that catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) reduces development of postthrombotic syndrome (PTS).
Experimental studies suggest that ultrasound-assisted CDT (USCDT)
might enhance the efficiency of the thrombolytic process. However,
the effect of USCDT on efficacy, PTS and quality of life (QOL) has
not yet been studied well.
Aims: We compared USCDT with CDT on efficacy, safety, development of PTS and quality of life after long term follow-up.
Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients
admitted with ileofemoral or inferior vena cava thrombosis to the University Hospital of Northern Norway from 2002 to 2011, who were
treated with either CDT or USCDT. Participants alive were invited for
a follow-up visit at the hospital from April 2013 until January 2014.
Venography was performed to measure the degree of residual luminal
obstruction of the affected veins. Each patient completed the generic
Short-Form 36-item (SF-36) health survey assessment and the diseasespecific Venous Insufficiency Epidemiological and Economic Study
Quality of Life/Symptoms questionnaires. PTS was assessed using the
modified Villalta scale.
Results: We included 94 patients. Mean age was 45 years (SD 17) and
31% were male. Baseline and risk factors for VTE were equally distributed between groups. In the USCTD group, we observed a significant
decline in duration of thrombolytic treatment (< 48 h 27% vs. 6%),
shortened hospital stay (mean 9.8 [SD 6.5] days vs. 7.1 [SD 2.9]), and
less implantation of stents (30% vs. 55%). There was no difference in
patency (76% vs. 79% patent) after follow-up (median 65 months
range [15141]). USCDT led to non-significant less severe-PTS (5%
vs. 11%) and no differences in QOL. A non-significant incline in nonfatal major bleeding was observed (9% vs. 3%).
Conclusion: USCDT lead to shortened treatment, hospital stay, and
less stenting. Trends of less severe-PTS and of increased major bleeding were observed with USCDT.
194
ABSTRACTS
OR259
Long-term anticoagulation with rivaroxaban for the
prevention of recurrent deep venous thrombosis and
pulmonary embolism: a benefitrisk analysis on the
EINSTEIN EXTENSION trial
Wells PS1, Prins MH2, Levitan B3, Yuan Z3, Katz EG4, BeyerWestendorf J5, Brighton TA6, Bounameaux H7, Cohen AT8,
Davidson BL9, Raskob GE10 and Lensing AW11
1
University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; 2Maastricht University
Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands; 3Janssen
Pharmaceutical Research & Development LLC, Titusville;
4
Janssen Research & Development LLC, Raritan, USA; 5University
Hospital Carl-Gustav Carus, Department of Vascular Medicine,
Technische Universit
at Dresden, Dresden, Germany; 6Department
of Haematology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia;
7
Division of Angiology and Hemostasis, University Hospitals of
Geneva and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland;
8
Hospitals, Kings College Hospital, London, UK; 9University of
Washington School of Medicine, Seattle; 10University of
Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, College of Public Health,
Oklahoma, USA; 11Bayer HealthCare, Wuppertal, Germany
Background: Clinicians balance the long-term risks of recurrent venous
thromboembolism (VTE) once anticoagulation is stopped against the
burden and risks of ongoing therapy.
Aims: To assess the benefit-risk tradeoff of continued rivaroxaban
treatment in symptomatic VTE patients who completed 612 months
of anticoagulation and in whom physicians had equipoise for needing
continued anticoagulation.
Methods: In the EINSTEIN EXTENSION randomized, double-blind
study, patients were assigned to rivaroxaban (20 mg once daily) or
matching placebo for 6 or 12 months. Crude rates and risk differences
(ITT population) of recurrent VTE and major bleeding were calculated using MantelHaenszel stratification and exact methodology,
respectively. Benefits and risks were assessed using differences in rates
in a hypothetical population of 10,000 patients and numbers needed to
treat (NNT) and harm (NNH).
Results: In the rivaroxaban (N = 602) and placebo (N = 594) groups,
recurrent VTE occurred in 8 and 42 patients (rates 1.3% and 7.1%).
In a population of 10,000 patients, rivaroxaban treatment would have
resulted in 574 (95% CI 349800) fewer recurrent VTEs than placebo
(NNT = 17). Major bleeding was observed in 4 (none fatal or in a critical organ) and 0 patients (rates 0.7% and 0). Rivaroxaban treatment
would have resulted in 66 (95% CI 2175) more major bleeds than
with placebo (NNH = 151). Subgroup analyses showed a consistent
pattern. KaplanMeier analysis showed that reduction in recurrent
VTE with rivaroxaban started early and continued to improve
throughout treatment, while major bleeding increased gradually and
plateaued at 100 days.
Conclusion: In patients with symptomatic VTE who completed 6
12 months of anticoagulant therapy and in whom physicians did not
deem continued anticoagulation necessary, a clinically important benefit and a favorable benefitrisk profile of continued anticoagulation
with rivaroxaban was observed and would result in an important population benefit in recurrent VTE.
Disclosure of Interest: P. Wells Grant/Research Support from: BMS
and Pfizer, Consultant for: Bayer, Pfizer, Boehringer Ingelheim and
Biomerieux, M. Prins Grant/Research Support from: Bayer, SanofiAventis, Boehringer Ingelheim, GSK, Daiichi Sankyo, LEO Pharma,
ThromboGenics and Pfizer, Consultant for: Bayer, Sanofi-Aventis,
Boehringer Ingelheim, GSK, Daiichi Sankyo, LEO Pharma, ThromboGenics and Pfizer, B. Levitan Shareholder of: Johnson & Johnson,
Baxter International and Zimmer Holdings, Employee of: Janssen
Research & Development, Z. Yuan Employee of: Janssen Research &
Development, E. Katz Shareholder of: Johnson & Johnson, Employee
of: Janssen Research & Development, J. Beyer-Westendorf Consultant

for: Bayer, Daiichi Sankyo, Pfizer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Novartis
and LEO Pharma, T. Brighton Consultant for: Bayer HealthCare, Boehringer Ingelheim, Daiichi Sankyo, Pfizer, Amgen Australia and
GSK, H. Bounameaux Grant/Research Support from: Swiss National
Foundation, Daiichi Sankyo and Bayer, Consultant for: Pfizer and Bayer, A. Cohen Consultant for: Bayer, BMS, Daiichi Sankyo, Johnson
& Johnson, Pfizer, Portola and Sanofi, B. Davidson Consultant for:
Bayer and Daiichi Sankyo, G. Raskob Consultant for: Daiichi Sankyo, Bayer, Johnson & Johnson, Janssen, Takeda, Quintiles, Pfizer,
Sanofi Aventis, BMS, Boehringer Ingelheim and Isis, A. Lensing
Employee of: Bayer HeathCare.
OR260
A network meta-analysis comparing the efficacy and
safety of anticoagulants for the treatment of venous
thromboembolism in cancer patients
Posch F1, Koenigsbruegge O1, Zielinski C2, Pabinger I1 and Ay C1
1
Clinical Division of Haematology & Haemostaseology,
Department of Medicine I; 2Clinical Division of Oncology,
Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna,
Austria
Background: Current guidelines recommend low-molecular-weight
heparin (LMWH) and vitamin-K-antagonists (VKA) for the treatment
of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in cancer patients. Recently, nonvitamin-K-antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOAC) were approved as
novel VTE treatment. However, their role in the cancer setting, particularly in comparison with the current standard of care, which is
LMWH, remains unclear.
Aims: In this network meta-analysis we compared the relative efficacy
and safety of LMWH, VKA, and NOACs for the treatment of VTE in
patients with cancer.
Methods: We identified 10 randomized controlled trials including 3242
cancer patients. Recurrent VTE and major bleeding were defined as
the primary efficacy and safety endpoint, respectively. Relative risks of
these endpoints were pooled using a frequentist random-effects metaregression model.
Results: In comparison to VKA, LMWH was associated with a significant reduction in the risk of recurrent VTE (RR = 0.60, 95% CI:
0.450.79, P < 0.001). Risks of major bleeding were comparable
between LMWH and VKA (RR = 1.08, 95% CI: 0.701.66,
P = 0.74). For the NOAC vs. VKA efficacy and safety comparison,
the relative risk estimates were in favor of NOAC, but had confidence
intervals that still included equivalence (RR for recurrent VTE = 0.65,
95% CI: 0.381.09, P = 0.10; RR for major bleeding = 0.72, 95% CI:
0.391.37, P = 0.32). In the indirect network comparison between
NOAC and LMWH, the results indicated comparable efficacy
(RR = 1.08, 95% CI: 0.591.95, P = 0.81), and a non-significant relative risk towards improved safety with NOAC (RR = 0.67, 95% CI:
0.311.46, P = 0.31). These results prevailed after adjusting for clinical
heterogeneity between LMWH vs. VKA and NOAC vs. VKA studies.
Conclusion: This network meta-analysis suggests that the efficacy and
safety of LMWH and NOACs for the long-term treatment of VTE in
cancer patients may be comparable.
ABSTRACTS
ITP Clinical
OR261
All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) corrects the imbalance of
macrophage polarization in patients with immune
thrombocytopenia
Feng Q1, Xu M2, Hou Y1, Yu Y1, Li X1, Sun Y1 and Peng J1
1
2
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology,
University of Toronto, ON, Canada
Background: Macrophages (M) can polarize into pro-inflammatory
M1 or anti-inflammatory M2 phenotypes in response to different environment signals. Some autoimmune diseases are characterized by the
impairment of macrophage polarization. However, there is no report
referred to immune thrombocytopenia (ITP).
Aims: Our study aimed to investigate the imbalance of M1/M2 in ITP.
Methods: Human spleens and peripheral blood were obtained from
ITP patients and healthy control. Splenocytes and peripheral blood
mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated. Human monocyte-derived
macrophages were polarized to M1 or M2 in vitro by LPS plus IFNgamma or IL-4 with or without the addition of ATRA.
Results: An elevated M1/M2 ratio in splenocytes was observed in ITP
patients compared with healthy control. Monocyte-derived macrophages induced from ITP patients showed higher expression of M1
surface markers (CD80, CCR7 and IL-12) and lower expression of M2
surface markers (IL-10, CD206 and CD36) than those from healthy
control. For patients and control, the presence of ATRA potentiated
the macrophage phenotype towards M2 by reducing CD80 and IL-12
expression and increasing CD206 and IL-10 expression. Macrophages
obtained from ITP patients displayed a higher ability to promote both
CD4+ T cell and CD8+ T cell proliferation and a lower ability to
induce CD4+CD49b+LAG3+ regulatory T (Tr1) cells than those
from healthy control, which could be corrected by ATRA. The concentration of IL-10 increased and IL-12 decreased in the co-culture supernatants of ATRA-modulated macrophages and T cells.
Macrophages induced from ITP patients showed an elevated phagocytic capability, but no significant difference was observed between
ATRA-modulated and unmodulated macrophages.
Conclusion: These findings demonstrated an imbalance of macrophage
polarization towards M1 in patients with ITP, which could be corrected by ATRA. The study may shed lights on new mechanisms of
ITP and provide basis for the therapeutic potential of ATRA in ITP
patients.
OR262
Retrospective analysis of rituximab therapy in
childhood chronic and refractory immune
thrombocytopenic purpura
Ay Y1, Karapinar TH2, Oymak Y2, Toret E2, Demirag B2, Ince D2,
Ozcan E2, Moueminoglou N2, Koker SA2 and Vergin C2
1
Pediatric Hematology; 2Dr Behcet Uz Childrens Hospital, Izmir,
Turkey
Background: Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) results from
accelerated platelet destruction mediated by autoantibodies to platelet
glycoproteins. Some patients with chronic ITP are refractory to all
therapies (steroids, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), anti-D and
immunosuppresive drugs) and have chronic low platelet counts and
episodic bleeding.
Aims: We retrospectively evaluated the efficacy and safety of rituximab
treatment and splenectomy in pediatric patients diagnosed with
195
chronic and refractory ITP who were unresponsive to steroids, IVIG,

cyclosporine, and mycophenolate mofetil.
Methods: Rituximab (Mabthera, Hoffmann-La Roche, GrenzachWyhlen, Germany) was administered in doses of 375 mg m2 week1
for four consecutive weeks, intravenously through a peripheral venous
catheter in an inpatient setting. The responses were defined as follows:
complete response, if the platelet count were > 100.000 mm3; partial
response, if the platelet count were 50.000100.000 mm3; minimal
response, if the platelet count were lower than 50.000 mm3 and
higher than 30.000 mm3, and no response if there were no increase in
the platelet count. The responses to Rituximab therapy were evaluated
in the 1st, 3rd, and 6th month after the treatment.
Results: Eight children and adolescents, with a median age of 12 years,
with severe ITP were treated from January 2011 to December 2014.
None of the 8 patients achieved a response. A splenectomy was performed in 6 of the 8 patients who had been treated with rituximab.
Complete and partial responses were achieved in 67% and 33% of the
patients, respectively. We evaluated the clinical characteristics and
responses of chronic ITP patients who did not receive rituximab therapy and underwent a splenectomy. The success rate was 100% in the
eight patients with chronic ITP.
Conclusion: Rituximab therapy might not be beneficial for some children with severe chronic ITP and AIHA who are refractory to standard agents. A splenectomy might be useful and preferable to
rituximab.
OR263
Occurrence of methemoglobinemia in immune
thrombocytopenia patients treated with dapsone
Colella MP, Orsi FA, Annichino-Bizzacchi JM and de Paula EV
Hematology and Hemotherapy Center, University of Campinas,
Campinas, Brazil
Background: Dapsone has been used in our center for the last 20 years
as a second-line treatment for immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), with
good results. There is limited experience with this agent in the medical
literature, but dapsone is well tolerated and has low costs. The most
recognized dapsone side effect is hemolysis, and it is also the first cause
of drug-induced methemoglobinemia (MHb).
Aims: To evaluate the prevalence and clinical significance of MHb in
ITP patients treated with dapsone.
Methods: MHb levels were measured by venous blood gas analysis. In
15 patients we measured MHb levels before the initiation of dapsone,
and the maximum level found (1%) was used as the cut-off to define
the MHb cases. Associations between MHb, dapsone dosage, hemolysis markers and platelet counts were analyzed by Spearmans correlation coefficient.
Results: Thirty-one patients were included in the study, with median
age of 49 years. The study cohort consisted of: 87% primary and 13%
secondary ITP; 90% chronic and 10% persistent ITP. Dapsone was
prescribed as a fixed dose of 100 mg day1, dose alterations were
made due to platelet responses or side effects. 97% of the patients
developed MHb, but only 22% presented symptomatic MHb. The
median MHb level found was 2.6% (0.818.2%). Among symptomatic
cases, median MHb level was 6.8% (1.618.2%). None of the symptomatic patients required treatment, in 5 patients the drug was suspended and in one the dose was reduced with acceptable tolerance.
MHb levels were associated with the drug dosage (P = 0.002; r = 0.5).
We also found a significant negative correlation between platelet
counts and MHb levels (P = 0.007; r = 0.5). There were no associations between MHb levels and hemolysis markers.
Conclusion: MHb is present is almost all ITP patients treated with dapsone and is usually asymptomatic. The consequences of chronic MHb
in ITP patients treated with dapsone are unknown. The occurrence of
196
ABSTRACTS
MHb has no association with the occurrence of hemolysis, but has a

negative effect on platelet counts.
OR264
Effect of CD72 on B cells in chronic primary immune
thrombocytopenia
Yating H, Mingen L, Yang L, Rongfeng F, Wenjie L, Donglei Z,
Xian Z, Cuicui l, Tiantian S, Huiyuan L and Renchi Y
China
Background: CD72, belonging to the C-type lectin family, is a coreceptor on B cells that can modulate the thresholds for signaling through
the BCR for proliferation and differentiation. CD72 regulates BCR
signaling both positively and negatively and exhibits some association
with autoimmune diseases. However, the effect of CD72 on B cells in
chronic primary ITP remains unclarified.
Aims: The aim of the study was to explore the effect of CD72 on B
cells in chronic primary ITP.
Methods: Frequencies of B cell subsets were determined by flow
cytometry in patients with chronic ITP before treatment (n = 19), after
treatment (n = 19) and age-matched healthy individuals (n = 20).
Expression of CD72 on B cells in ITP patients and controls was
detected by flow cytometry. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells
(PBMCs) were separated from patients and controls and labeled with
CFSE. PBMCs were cultured in complete RPMI 1640 medium with or
without anti-CD72 and meanwhile stimulated with IL-4, IL-10 and
CD40 ligand. Proliferation of B cells was determined by flow cytometry. The cell culture supernatants were collected. Levels of secreted
IgG were measured by ELISA.
Results: The frequency of naive B cell was significantly decreased in
pre-treatment compared with post-treatment and controls (P < 0.001).
However, there were significant increases in conventional memory B
cell and pre-switched memory B cell in pre-treatment (P = 0.018,
P < 0.001, respectively). Expression of CD72 on naive B cell increases
both in chronic ITP patients and normal controls. The difference
reached a statistical significance. Proliferation of B cells significantly
increases in chronic ITP patients and can be inhibited by CD72. Level
of IgG was decreased with anti-CD72 but the difference was not statistical.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest CD72 may be involved in class switch
of B cell subsets. Moreover, CD72 has an inhibitive effect on proliferation and secreted antibody of B cells in chronic ITP. We conclude
CD72 plays an important role in the B cells pathogenesis of chronic
ITP.
OR265
The effect of danazol and a new treatment strategy in
primary immune thrombocytopenia an analysis of
412 cases from a single center in China
Liu W1, Gu X2, Li Y1, Lv M1, Sun T1, Lv C1 and Yang R1
1
Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese
Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College,
Tianjin; 2Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
Background: Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an acquired
autoimmune disease. The current ITP treatment are limited by side
effects, high relapse rate, or high costs. Danazol is an attenuated
androgen and used as the second line treatment of ITP. There isnt a
long-term and large-scale research about the effect of danazol in Chinese ITP patients till now.
Aims: This study aimed to assess the long-term benefit and side effects
of danazol therapy, and determine the appropriate dose and duration
of danazol.
Methods: This retrospective analysis includes 412 ITP patients in our
center. 366 cases received danazol (50300 mg) as initial therapy or
added to the previous therapy. Glucocorticoids (GC) were tapered or
discontinued. And 46 newly diagnosed ITP patients received danazol
plus GC (n = 25) or GC alone (n = 21) in the early treatment. Clinical
outcome and tolerance were assessed in all patients.
Results: Among the 366 cases of ITP, the overall response and complete response rate was 61.9% and 27.3% respectively. The median
time to response was 1.8 3 months. Age, phase of the disease, the
time before danazol treatment, and the duration of danazol therapy
influenced the response (P < 0.05). The median duration of remission
was 18 10 months, and 50.9% patients got sustained remission
without danazol. The rate of relapse was 21.9%. A total of 20.1%
patients experienced side effects, 4 cases discontinued due to side
effects, others were well-tolerated with mild side effects. Among 46
newly diagnosed ITP patients, the response rate and response time
between two groups were similar; but the rate of relapse was significant
lower in the danazol plus GC group (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: Our study shows that low to medium dosage danazol is
effective and better tolerated, but long-term therapy is necessary to
maintain remission. Instead of being the second line treatment, low
dosage danazol can be combined with GC in the initial stage, which
can reduce the dosage and duration time of GC to achieve well-tolerated and long-term remission.
ABSTRACTS

thrombosis II
OR266
Meta-analysis of 65,734 individuals identifies
TSPAN15 and SLC44A2 as two new susceptibility loci
for venous thromboembolism
Morange P-E1,2, Germain M3,4,5, Tang W6, Kabrhel C7,
Reitsma P8, Heit J9, Chasman D10, Tregouet D3,4,11,
Rosendaal F12, Smith N13,14,15 and on behalf of INVENT
consortium
1
INSERM, UMR_S 1062, Nutrition Obesity and Risk of
Thrombosis, Aix-Marseille University; 2Laboratory of
Haematology, La Timone Hospital, Marseille; 3Institute for
es,
Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN); 4Sorbonne Universit
Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 06), UMR_S
1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular
Diseases; 5Institut National pour la Sant
e et la Recherche
Medicale (INSERM), Unit
e Mixte de Recherche en Sant
e
(UMR_S) 1166, Paris, France; 6University of Minnesota, Division
of Epidemiology and Community Health, Minneapolis;
7
Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General
Hospital, Channing Network Medicine, Harvard Medical School,
Boston, USA; 8Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular
Medicine, Department of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Leiden
University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; 9Division of
Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester; 10Division of
Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Womens Hospital and
e Mixte de
Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; 11Unit
Recherche en Sante (UMR_S) 1166, Paris, France; 12Department
of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Leiden University Medical
Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; 13Group Health Research
Institute, Group Health Cooperative; 14Seattle Epidemiologic
Research and Information Center, VA Office of Research and
Development; 15Department of Epidemiology, University of
Washington, Seattle, USA
Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE), including deep vein
thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, is the third leading cause of cardiovascular disease deaths. Although genetic variants have been found
associated with VTE, they explain only 5% of the heritability of the
disease.
Aims: To identify additional VTE susceptibility genes by conducting a
meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS).
Methods: Twelve GWAS totaling 7507 VTE cases and 52,632 controls
were included in the discovery phase in which 6,751,884 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were tested for association with VTE.
New SNP associations exceeding the genome-wide significance level of
5 9 108 were selected for replication in 3 independent casecontrol
studies totaling 3009 VTE patients and 2586 controls.
Results: Nine loci reached the pre-specified genome-wide significance
in the discovery scan. Six mapped to genes already known to be associated with VTE (ABO, F2, F5, F11, FGG and PROCR) whereas three
had not been previously reported to be associated with VTE:
TSPAN15, SLC44A2 and ZFPM2. By contrast to ZFPM2, the associations observed at TSPAN15 and SLC44A2, were robustly replicated.
For TSPAN15, the lead risk allele was associated with an odds ratio
(OR) of 1.31 for VTE (P = 5.74 9 1011 in the discovery and
P = 2.21 9 107 in the replication study). In SLC44A2, the lead risk
allele was associated with an OR of 1.21 for VTE (P = 5.59 9 1010
in the discovery and P = 2.64 9 107 in the replication cohort). In
four cohorts totaling up to 15,249 individuals, there was no association
between the two lead SNPs and 25 plasma biomarkers known to be
associated with hemostasis and thrombosis.
197
Conclusion: We identified 2 loci (TSPAN15 and SLC44A2) that had

novel associations with VTE yet do not belong to canonical pathways
leading to thrombosis and have not been associated with other cardiovascular endpoints. These findings may provide etiologic and mechanistic insights into VTE pathophysiology.
OR267
Associations between atrial fibrillation and causespecific risks of pulmonary embolism and stroke
Rye-Holmboe I1,2, Hald EM1,2, Vik A1,2, Mathiesen EB1,3,4,
Njlstad I1,5, Lchen M-L1,5, Brkkan SK1,2 and Hansen JB1,2
1
K.G Jebsen Thrombosis Research and Expertise Center (TREC),
North Norway; 3Brain and Circulation Research Group,
Norway; 4Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology,
University Hospital of North Norway; 5Department of
Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway,
Troms, Norway
Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a well-known risk factor for
stroke. Recently, AF has also been identified as a risk factor for pulmonary embolism (PE), but the impact of AF on risks of stroke and
PE in the same populations has previously not been evaluated.
Aims: To investigate the association between AF and future risks of
PE and stroke in a population-based cohort.
Methods: Subjects (n = 29 975) were recruited from three surveys of
the Troms study and followed from enrollment (19941995, 2001
2002 and 20072008) to end of 2010. Incident events of AF, PE and
stroke during follow-up were identified and validated. Information on
potential confounders was obtained at baseline. Subjects were censored after the date of first event. Cox-regression models with age as
time scale and atrial fibrillation as time-dependent variable were used
to calculate cause-specific hazard ratios (HRs) for PE and stroke with
95% confidence intervals (CIs). The study was approved by the regional committees for research ethics and all subjects gave their informed
written consent.
Results: There were 1356 subjects with AF, 234 with incident PE, and
1261 with incident stroke during a median of 15.5 years of follow-up.
The risk of PE (HR 10.61; 95% CI, 5.8419.28) and stroke (HR 4.98;
95% CI, 3.566.97) was substantially increased during the first
6 months after the AF diagnosis with crude incidence rates of 29.8 per
1000 person-years (PY) for PE and 19.1 for stroke, respectively. The
risk remained elevated for both PE (HR 2.06; 95% CI, 1.213.35) and
stroke (HR 2.40; 95% CI, 2.012.87) throughout the study period.
Conclusion: We found that AF is associated with increased risk of both
stroke and PE, particularly during the first 6 months after the AF
diagnosis. Both the absolute and relative risk estimates of PE were
higher than for stroke. Our findings suggest that the risk of PE should
be considered when assessing thromboembolic risk in AF patients.
198
ABSTRACTS
OR268
Glucocorticoid receptor gene and risk of venous
thromboembolism
Elbers L1,2, van Zaane B1,2, Gerdes VE1,2, Dekkers OM3,4, van
Hylckama Vlieg A3 and Cannegieter S3,5
1
Department of Internal Medicine, Slotervaart Hospital;
2
University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam; 3Department of Clinical
Epidemiology; 4Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic
Diseases; 5Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular Medicine, Leiden
University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Background: The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) gene haplotype 3,
which entails the polymorphism GR-9b, is a common genetic variant
with decreased cortisol sensitivity and is related to a more active proinflammatory system. This haplotype is associated with an increased risk
of cardiovascular disease.
Aims: Since inflammation is also involved in the pathogenesis of
venous thrombosis (VT) we questioned whether haplotypes of the GR
gene with different cortisol sensitivities are associated with an
increased risk of VT.
Methods: Using data from a large casecontrol study on VT (MEGA
study, n = 11.253, consent and ethical approval obtained), polymorphisms in the GR gene which have previously been associated with
altered glucocorticoid sensitivity (BclI, N363S, 23EK, and GR-9b)
were determined and combined into 5 preexisting haplotypes (obtained
in n = 7.899). Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for
the risk of VT were calculated by logistic regression analysis.
Results: Persons heterozygous for the GR gene variant 23EK (404
cases, 370 controls) had a 1.3-fold increased risk of VT (OR 1.29; 95%
CI 1.111.49), compared with patients without this variant. The OR
for the risk of VT in persons homozygous for this variant (8 cases, 4
controls) was 2.36 (95% CI 0.717.84). Persons homozygous or heterozygous for haplotype 5, which entails the polymorphisms 23EK
and GR-9b, had a 1.2-fold increased risk of VT (OR 1.21; 95% CI
1.011.45), compared with patients with no copies of haplotype 5. No
associations were found for the other polymorphisms and haplotypes.
Conclusion: The polymorphism 23EK in the GR gene in haplotype 5 is
associated with an increased risk of VT. Our findings suggest that genetically determined cortisol sensitivity might be involved in the pathogenesis of VTE, possibly due to its effect on inflammatory profile.
OR269
F11 is associated with recurrent event of VTE in
women: a prospective cohort study
Bruzelius M1,2, Ljungqvist M3, Bottai M4, Bergendal A5,
Strawbridge RJ1, Silveira A1, Kieler H5, Hamsten A1, L
arfars G3
and Odeberg J1,2,6
1
Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine Solna,
Karolinska Institutet; 2Coagulation Unit, Hematology Centre,
Karolinska University Hospital Solna; 3Department of Clinical
dersjukhuset;
Science and Education, KaroIinska Institutet So
4
Unit of Biostatistics, Institute of Environmental Medicine;
5
Centre for Pharmacoepidemiology, Department of Medicine
Solna, Karolinska Institutet; 6Affinity Proteomics, School of
Biotechnology, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute
of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
Background: The knowledge about genetic association on recurrence
with venous thromboembolism (VTE) is sparse.
Aims: Our aim was to investigate if common genetic variants, previously shown to contribute to the prediction of first time thrombosis in
women, were associated with risk of a recurrent event.
Methods: The Thromboembolism Hormone Study (TEHS) is a Swedish nationwide casecontrol study on first-time VTE conducted in
20022009 in women 1864 years of age (n = 2835). TEHS was
approved by the regional medical ethics committees and all participants signed an informed consent. A cohort of 1010 women was followed up until a recurrent event or 31/12/2011. The genetic variants
F5 rs6025, F2 rs1799963, ABO rs514659, FGG rs2066865, F11
rs2289252, PROC rs1799810 and KNG1 rs710446 together with clinical variables and family history of VTE were assessed. Incidence rate
of recurrent event was calculated as the number of events over the
accumulated patient-time. Cumulative incidence was calculated by
KaplanMeier survival analysis. Cox proportional-hazard model was
used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95 percent confidence intervals (95% CI) between groups of women.
Results: One hundred and one recurrent events occurred during a
mean follow-up time of 5 years accumulating a volume of 5094 person-years. The overall incidence of recurrence was 20 per 1000 personyears (95% CI; 1624). The incidence was highest in women with
unprovoked first event and obesity with a rate of 33 and 30 per 1000
person-years. Carriers of F5 rs6025 and F11 rs2289252 had significantly higher rates with HR = 1.7 (95% CI; 1.12.6) and 1.8 (95% CI;
1.13.0), respectively, independently of family history of VTE. The
cumulative risk of recurrence was 2.5-fold larger in carriers of both F5
rs6025 and F11 rs2289252 than in non-carriers at 2 and 5 years into
the study.
Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first time F11 rs2289252 was
found to be associated with risk of recurrent event with VTE in
women.
OR270
Role of apolipoprotein(a) kringle-IV type 2 copy
number variation in venous thromboembolism
Sticchi E1, Giusti B2, Magi A2, Kamstrup PR3, Prisco D2,
Martinelli I4, Mannucci PM4 and Abbate R1
1
Department Experimental and Clinical Medicine; 2Department
Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence,
Florence, Italy; 3Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev
Hospital Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark;
4
Fondazione Ca Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan,
Italy
Background: An association between high lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] concentrations and venous thromboembolism (VTE) is being evidenced.
Lp(a) is controlled by genetic variants in LPA gene, coding for the
apolipoprotein(a) moiety of Lp(a).
Aims: Aim of this study was to investigate the role of LPA gene kringle-IV type 2 (KIV2) size polymorphism and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs1853021, rs1800769, rs3798220, rs10455872) in
modulating the susceptibility to venous thromboembolism.
Methods: Five hundred and sixteen patients with idiopathic VTE without trombophilic risk factors [median age 44 (980) years, 39%males]
and 1117 healthy control subjects, comparable for age and gender,
were investigated. LPA KIV2 polymorphism, rs3798220 and
rs10455872 SNPs were genotyped by real time PCR TaqMan technology. Concerning rs1853021 and rs1800769 SNPs, PCR-RFLP assay
was used.
Results: LPA KIV2 repeat number has been found to be significantly
lower in patients than in controls [11 (0116) vs. 15 (1118),
P < 0.0001]. In the VTE patients group, a significantly higher percentage of subjects with KIV2 repeat number 9 was observed with
respect to controls (38% vs. 18%, P < 0.0001). KIV2 repeat number
was independently associated with VTE (P = 3.06 9 1011), as evidenced by general linear model analysis adjusted for traditional risk
factors. No significant difference in allele frequency for all SNPs inves 2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997
ABSTRACTS
tigated was evidenced. Haplotype analysis showed that LPA haplotypes rather than individual SNPs influenced disease susceptibility.
Conclusion: In conclusion, our data indicate that LPA genetic variants,
known to contribute to Lp(a) concentrations, are significant and independent susceptibility factors to VTE.
Platelets II
OR271
The direct dengue virus-platelet interaction: generation
of infectious progeny
Sutherland MR1,2, Simon AY1,2 and Pryzdial ELG1,2
1
UBC, Center for Blood Research, Canadian Blood Services,
Center for Innovation; 2Pathology and Laboratory Medicine,
University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
Background: Dengue virus (DENV), a positive stranded RNA virus,
causes ~200 million cases of severe flu-like illness annually, with
~500,000 escalating to life-threatening hemorrhagic fever or shock syndrome. The molecular basis of DENV disease involves many links to
hemostasis, including thrombocytopenia.
Aims: To help understand DENV infection and contributions to
pathology, we hypothesized that translation-competent platelets may
serve as a replication center for DENV. The platelet-DENV interaction, platelet-dependent amplification of the DENV genome, and generation of infectious DENV associated with platelets were evaluated.
Methods: DENV serotype 2 was propagated in Vero cells and purified
by differential ultracentrifugation. Leukocyte-free washed platelets
were quantified and characterized for activation by flow cytometry.
DENV2-platelet binding, genome replication and viral antigen production were quantified by qRT-PCR and immunoblots. Viable
DENV2 progeny generation was determined using standard plaque
assays.
Results: After correction for internalization and non-specific binding,
DENV2 was found to have ~800 specific surface sites per platelet at
37 C and was temperature dependent. Binding was partially inhibited
by anti-DC-SIGN or low molecular weight heparin (~80%) alone,
while their combination caused complete inhibition. Non-immune
IgG, Fc and chondroitin sulfate had no effect. Platelets replicated the
genome of DENV2 by up to ~5-fold after 7 days and produced virusencoded NS1 protein. Infectious DENV2 was propagated by platelets,
which was inhibited using the translation elongation inhibitor, cycloheximide.
Conclusion: For the first time, these data show saturable DENV-platelet association leading to viral genome replication, translation and production of viable progeny, adding to the pathogen-induced mechanism
contributing to thrombocytopenia.
OR272
The PH-domain adaptor Bam32/DAPP1 restrains
GPVI-mediated platelet activation and thrombus
formation
Hutchinson JL, Durrant TN, Moore SF and Hers I
Bristol, UK
Background: Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are required for
physiological platelet adhesion and activation, acting downstream of
several platelet receptors to generate 3-phosphoinositide messengers.
Although the underlying mechanism by which PI3Ks regulate platelet
199
function is still largely unknown, it likely involves recruitment of PH

domain-containing proteins to the membrane. We recently identified B
cell adaptor molecule of 32 kDa (Bam32/DAPP1) as a major PH
domain-containing PI(3,4)P2- and PI(3,4,5)P3-binding protein in
human platelets.
Aims: To determine the contribution of the PH domain adaptor
Bam32 to thrombosis and its regulation in platelets.
Methods: Human and murine platelet Bam32 expression and phosphorylation were assessed by immunoprecipitation and Western blotting. Platelet function was examined using flow cytometry,
aggregometry and in vitro thrombus formation using platelets from
wild-type and Bam32/ mice.
Results: Human and murine platelets express Bam32. The platelet agonists thrombin and collagen-related peptide (CRP) stimulated rapid
serine phosphorylation in a PKC-dependent manner. Tyrosine phosphorylation of Bam32, which is responsible for Bam32-mediated
effects in other blood cells, was slower and occurred downstream of
PI3 kinase and Src kinases. Platelets from Bam32/ mice showed a
marked increase of surface expression of both P-selectin and activated
integrin aIIbb3 in response to CRP, but not to a PAR4 thrombin receptor peptide. Furthermore, CRP-mediated aggregation of Bam32/
platelets was significantly enhanced compared to wild type. Finally,
whole blood from Bam32/ mice showed significantly enhanced
thrombus formation in vitro when flowed over a collagen-coated surface.
Conclusion: Bam32 is a negative regulator of GPVI-mediated platelet
function and thrombosis. Our results suggest that PI3 kinase-mediated
tyrosine phosphorylation of Bam32 attenuates GPVI signalling,
thereby limiting the extent of thrombus formation.
OR273
Impaired platelet activation but intact hemostasis in
mice expressing low levels of the Rap-GEF, CALDAGGEFI
Piatt R1, Cooley B2, Cowley D3 and Bergmeier W1
1
McAllister Heart Institute; 2Rodent Advanced Surgical Models
Core Lab; 3Animal Models Core, University of North Carolina
Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
Background: The tight regulation of platelet adhesiveness, mediated
by the aIIbb3 integrin, is critical for hemostasis and the prevention of
thrombosis. We recently demonstrated that integrin affinity in platelets
is controlled by the guanine nucleotide exchange factor, CalDAGGEFI (CD-GEFI), and its target Rap1. Mice deficient in CD-GEFI
were protected from thrombosis but also exhibited a significantly
impaired hemostatic response.
Aims: In this study, we investigated whether low-level expression of
CD-GEFI leads to protection from thrombosis without pathological
bleeding in mice.
Methods: CD-GEFIlow mice were generated by knock-in of human
CD-GEFI cDNA into the mouse locus. Integrin activation response to
various platelet agonists was assessed by flow cytometry and standard
aggregometry. Hemostasis in mice was assessed by standard tail-clip
assay and a novel saphenous vein laser injury model recently described
by our group. Thrombosis was assessed in the ferric chloride carotid
artery injury model.
Results: CD-GEFI expression in platelets from CD-GEFIlow mice was
reduced by ~90% when compared to controls. Integrin activation in
CD-GEFIlow platelets, measured by JON/A-PE binding, was abolished at low agonist concentrations and partially inhibited at high agonist concentrations. Consistent with this observation, the aggregation
response of CD-GEFIlow platelets was weaker than that of WT platelets, but more efficient than that observed in CD-GEFI/ cells.
200
ABSTRACTS
Importantly, CD-GEFIlow mice were protected from arterial thrombosis, with only minimal impact on primary hemostasis.
Conclusion: Together, our studies suggest partial inhibition of CDGEFI function as a powerful new approach to safely prevent thrombotic complications.
OR274
The calcium-binding protein S100A1 negatively
regulates collagen-dependent platelet activation and
thrombosis in mice
Boulaftali Y1,2, Paul D2, Piatt R2, Feng D3, Cooley B4, Most P5 and
Bergmeier W6
1
Laboratoy for Vascular Translational Science, Inserm 1148, Paris,
France; 2Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry; 3University
of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA; 4Pathology, University of
North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA; 5Center for Cardiovascular
Research, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany;
6
Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Mc Allister Heart
Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA
Background: S100A1 is a member of the S100 family of calcium-binding proteins. S100A1 controls Ca2 + dynamics in cardiomyocytes and
plays an important role in heart failure. S100A1 is also expressed in
mouse platelets, but its role in platelet biology has not been investigated.
Aims: To determine the role of S100A1 in platelet activation and
thrombosis.
Methods: Platelet activation was measured by flow cytometry and
aggregation in whole blood or washed platelets from wild-type (WT)
or S100A1-deficient (SKO) mice. Thrombus formation was evaluated
by flow chamber studies and by the in vivo FeCl3 carotid artery thrombosis model.
Results: Platelet activation in response to threshold levels of convulxin,
a specific agonist for the collagen receptor GPVI, showed significantly
increased activation of aIIbb3 integrin and a-granule release in SKO
platelets compared with WT platelets. Consistently, SKO platelets also
showed a more robust aggregation response to convulxin and collagen.
In contrast, SKO platelets responded normally to stimulation with
PAR4 receptor-activating peptide or ADP. Adhesion of SKO platelets
to collagen under flow conditions was not significantly different to that
of WT platelets. However, we observed a ~3-fold increase in phosphatidylserine positive SKO platelets bound to the collagen surface. We
also observed increased coated platelet formation and more sustained
calcium transients in SKO platelets compared to controls. The
increased reactivity of SKO platelets to GPVI agonists is explained by
a ~1.5-fold increase in GPVI receptors expressed on the surface of
these cells. A similar increase in GPVI expression was also found in
bone marrow-derived megakaryocytes. When subjected to the FeCl3
carotid artery thrombosis model, the time to vessel occlusion was significantly shorter in SKO mice compared to WT controls.
Conclusion: We here identify S100A1 as a negative regulator of GPVI
expression and collagen-dependent platelet activation and thrombosis
in mice.
OR275
Dissecting roles for the SNARE-associated protein,
SNAP29, in mouse platelets
Williams C1, Savage JS1,2, Harper MT1,3, Moore SF1, Hers I1 and
Poole AW1
1
Bristol; 2Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, University of
Birmingham, Birmingham; 3Department of Pharmacology,
University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
Background: Secretion of platelet granule cargo is critical for efficient
platelet function. Understanding the regulation of the processes underlying secretion is therefore essential for our understanding of thrombotic and hemostatic disease processes and for the development of
effective therapeutics. It has been previously demonstrated that
SNARE complex members such as SNAP23, VAMP8 and syntaxin
11, etc., play significant roles in platelet secretion. Of other SNARE
complex members expressed in platelets, a role for the tSNARE
SNAP29 has yet to be described, despite being the second most highly
expressed SNAP-family member in platelets. We hypothesized that
SNAP29 may play an important role in regulating granule secretion in
platelets.
Aims: To characterize the role of SNAP29 in platelets.
Methods: A SNAP29 conditional knockout driven by the PF4 promoter was used for analysis of platelet function and thrombosis.
Results: We have found that platelet-specific deletion of SNAP29 does
not result in an attenuation of platelet aggregation or secretion
responses in response to thrombin or collagen-related peptide (CRP).
Intracellular signalling was also not perturbed in the absence of
SNAP29. Primary thrombus formation was unaffected in vivo and in vitro, however there was an increased number of emboli observed
in vivo, suggesting increased thrombus fragility. Static adhesion to
CRP was also diminished in the absence of SNAP29.
Conclusion: SNAP29 does not appear to be a critical regulator of
platelet secretion, however, it does regulate thrombus stability in vivo.
This could be due to regulation of adhesion to collagen, signifying that
SNAP29 could modulate collagen-dependent signalling in a contextspecific manner in certain pathophysiological settings.
Platelets kinases II
OR276
A comparison of Btk/Tec kinases in platelets using
ibrutinib and knockout mice
Hughes CE1, Laudat MI1, Tomlinson MG2, Ellmeier W3 and
Watson SP1
1
College of Medical and Dental Sciences; 2School of Biosciences,
University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; 3Center for
Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Immunology,
Background: Ibrutinib is an irreversible inhibitor of the Btk/Tec family
protein tyrosine kinase Btk, which is currently in use in the clinic for
the treatment of several B-cell malignancies. Btk has previously been
shown to play a redundant role with Tec downstream of the collagen
receptor, GPVI, and a non-redundant role downstream of the VWF
receptor, GPIb.
Aims: We have used ibrutinib, and knockout platelets, to investigate
the role of these kinases downstream of the podoplanin receptor,
CLEC-2. We subsequently used ibrutinib to identify Btk substrates.
Methods: Btk/Tec-deficient mice were analysed for developmental and
platelet function defects using standard assays. Signalling in platelets
ABSTRACTS
treated with ibrutinib was studied by Western blotting using several
phospho-specific antibodies.
Results: Btk/Tec-deficient mice show characteristic blood-lymphatic
mixing in the intestinal vasculature, suggestive of a role downstream
of CLEC-2. The platelets from these mice show defective aggregation,
P-selectin exposure, and spreading in response to CLEC-2
ligands. Pre-treatment of platelets with ibrutinib inhibited platelet
aggregation to both CLEC-2 and GPVI agonists, in association with
loss of phosphorylation of PLCc2 at Y1217. Ibrutinib inhibited the
Btk auto-phosphorylation site (Y223) confirming activity and specificity of the drug. Paradoxically, we found that ibrutinib treatment
resulted in hyper-phosphorylation of several proteins, namely Syk
(Y352 + Y525/6), LAT (Y171), SLP-76 (Y145), and interestingly, Btk
itself on the Src phosphorylation site (Y551).
Conclusion: These results demonstrate that Btk/Tec kinases play a role
in platelets downstream of CLEC-2, as they do for GPVI, and are
involved in the development of the lymphatic system. They also show
that targeting Btk with ibrutinib results in platelet inhibition, most
likely due to a decrease in the activation of the Btk substrate PLCc2.
The associated hyper-phosphorylation of several other signalling proteins is unexpected and will be further investigated.
OR277
PP1c alpha negatively regulates platelet thrombus
formation via MAPK p38
Pradhan S, Da Q, Khatlani T and Vinod Vijayan K
Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
Background: Signal transduction mediated by kinases and phosphatases are critical for platelet activation. The contribution of serine/threonine phosphatases to platelet function have lagged behind kinases.
Our understanding of how the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1c) contributes to platelet biology has largely been confined
to studies with pharmacological agents. While a useful tool, inhibitors
often lack specificity to discriminate PP1c isoforms. PP1ca is a major
platelet expressed isoform and its role in platelets remains unexplored.
Aims: To clarify the contribution of PP1ca in platelet functions using a
genetic approach.
Methods: By crossing the PP1ca flox/flox mice with PF4 Cre mice, we
generated the platelet specific PP1ca/ mice and analyzed platelet
function.
Results: Characterization studies confirmed that platelets from these
mice only lack the PP1ca but retained PP1cb and PP1cc. PP1ca/
platelets displayed decreased aggregation to low doses of agonists,
including thrombin, ADP, collagen, convulxin and U46619. These
studies suggest that PP1ca positively regulates integrin aIIbb3 insideout signaling. Biochemical studies revealed that PP1ca co-immunoprecitated with p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK). PP1ca/
platelets showed enhanced fibrin clot retraction and adhesion to
immobilized fibrinogen under static conditions. Interestingly, whole
blood from PP1ca/ mice perfused over collagen at a shear rate of
1000 s1 revealed increased thrombus formation. Importantly, p38
inhibitor blocked the increased functional phenotypes (clot retraction
and thrombus formation) of PP1ca/ platelets. These studies suggest
that loss of PP1ca in platelets upregulates p38 MAPK, which contributes to the enhanced outside-in aIIbb3 signaling dependent functions.
Conclusion: Unlike the generic Ser/Thr phosphatase inhibitors block
all platelet functions, we show that PP1ca positively regulates insideout signaling and negatively regulates outside-in aIIbb3 signaling via
p38 MAPK.
201
OR278
DUSP3 phosphatase deficiency or inhibition limit
platelet activation and arterial thrombosis
Rahmouni S1, Musumeci L1, Kuijpers M2, Gilio K2, Alexandre H1,
Th
e^
atre E1, Senis Y3, Heemskerk J2, Thiry M1, Tautz L4 and
Oury C1
1
University of Li
ege, Li
ege, Belgium; 2University of Maastricht,
Maastricht, The Netherlands; 3University of Birmingham,
Birmingham, UK; 4Sanford-Burnham, La Jolla, USA
Background: A limitation of current antiplatelet therapies is their
inability to separate thrombotic events from bleeding occurrences.
Recently, protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) have emerged as critical regulators of platelet function.
Aims: 1/To Investigate the function of DUSP3 in thrombosis and hemostasis. 2/To develop DUSP3 specific inhibitor towards the generation of novel antiplatelet agents.
Methods: Platelet functions were performed using DUSP3-KO and
wild mice-type platelets. Aggregate formation on collagen surface was
analyzed under flow conditions. Arterial thrombosis was assessed in a
model of pulmonary embolism and upon ferric chloride induced carotid artery injury. To identify DUSP3 inhibitors, high-throughput
screening (HTS) was employed using a colorimetric phosphatase assay
with p-nitrophenolphosphate (pNPP) as substrate, and screened
291,018 drug-like molecules.
Results: We show that the dual-specificity phosphatase 3 (DUSP3) is
highly expressed in human and mouse platelets. Platelets from
DUSP3-deficient mice displayed a selective impairment of aggregation
and granule secretion mediated through GPVI and CLEC-2 receptors.
DUSP3-deficient mice were more resistant to collagen- and epinephrine-induced thromboembolism, compared to wild-type mice, and
showed severely impaired thrombus formation upon ferric chlorideinduced carotid artery injury. DUSP3 deficiency impaired Syk tyrosine
phosphorylation, subsequently reducing phosphorylation of PLCg2
and calcium fluxes. To investigate DUSP3 function in human platelets,
a novel small-molecule inhibitor of DUSP3 was developed. This compound specifically inhibited collagen and CLEC-2-induced human
platelet aggregation, thereby phenocopying the effect of DUSP3 deficiency in murine cells.
Conclusion: DUSP3 plays a selective and essential role in collagen- and
CLEC-2-mediated platelet activation and thrombus formation in vivo.
Inhibition of DUSP3 may prove therapeutic for arterial thrombosis.
OR279
Class III PI3K positively regulates platelet activation
and thrombus formation via PtdIns3P directed function
of the NADPH oxidase
Hu H1, Luo D1, Yang Y1, Yue M1, Hu M1, Wang S1, Huang Q1
and Yang Z2
1
Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou; 2Nanjing
University, Nanjing, China
Background: Class III PI3K, also known as Vps34, is a highly conserved enzyme in eukaryocytes. By synthesizing the messenger lipid
product PtdIns(3)P, Vps34 is involved in biological functions such
as membrane trafficing and autophagy. We have previously shown
that platelet is equipped with a set of autophagic proteins including
Vps34.
Aims: To investigate the function and mechanism of Vps34 in platelet
activation and thrombosis.
Methods: By platelet specific Vps34 deficiency mice and using a Vps34
antagonist 3-methyladenine in human platelets, phenotype and signaling alterations of Vps34 deficiency were characterized.
202
ABSTRACTS
Results: Platelet-specific Vps34 deficient mice exhibited a prolonged

vessel occlusion times upon ferric chloride-induced mesenteric arteriole
injury, while the tail bleeding time was not altered. Thrombus formation on a collagen matrix under arterial shear conditions was significantly reduced for Vps34/ platelets. Vps34-deficient platelets also
displayed an impaired aggregation and dense granule secretion in
response to collagen and thrombin stimulation. Spreading on immobilized Fg and the rate of clot retraction in platelet-rich plasma were
both reduced for Vps34/ platelets. Characterization of signaling
events revealed that Vps34 deficiency reduced PtdIns(3)P production
upon platelet activation, which subsequently hampered the phosphorylation (Thr154) of a key component of NADPH oxidase p40phox
and decreased reactive oxygen species generation. Furthermore, Vps34
deficiency leads to a decreased phosphorylation levels of Akt (Ser473),
but not Akt (Thr 308) upon collagen and thrombin stimulation. The
phenotype and signaling defects of Vps34 deficiency in murine platelets
were confirmed by using a Vps34 antagonist 3-methyladenine in
human platelets.
Conclusion: The data presented here reveal that Vps34-dependent
NADPH oxidase activity is an important regulator for platelet activation and thrombus formation in vivo. Targeting Vps34 may be a new
strategy for the prevention of arterial thrombosis.
OR280
AADACL1 regulation of PKC-dependent secretion in
human platelets
Holly S1, Wang P1, Majumder R1, Blake D2 and Parise L1,3
1
Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at
Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC; 2College of Science, Virginia
Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA;
3
McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at
Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
Background: We previously discovered a novel lipid hydrolase named
arylacetamide deacetylase-like 1 (AADACL1) in human platelets that
regulates signaling downstream of multiple agonists, especially collagen. Our work and that of others suggests that lipid substrates of AADACL1 such as 2-acetyl monoalkylglycerol ether (2-acetyl MAGE)
and its deacetylated product, MAGE, modulate PKC function.
Aims: We hypothesize that AADACL1 regulates platelet secretion and
activation via direct interactions between 2-acetyl MAGE and/or
MAGE with lipid-binding C1 domains of platelet PKC isoforms.
Methods: Lipid monomers or small unilamellar vesicles (SUV) were
assayed for binding to PKC peptides using intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence. Lipid modulation of purified PKC kinase activity was also
tested and PKC activation status in platelets was measured with phosphorylation site-specific antibodies. Platelet secretion was determined
by lumi-aggregometry.
Results: Both 2-acetyl MAGE and MAGE SUV bound the PKCd C1b
domain with high affinity, similar to diacylglycerol, a known PKC
activator. Although MAGE displayed tighter binding to PKCd compared to 2-acetyl MAGE, MAGE did not affect PKCd kinase activity,
whereas 2-acetyl MAGE inhibited kinase activity in vitro. Consistent
with this, exogenous 2-acetyl MAGE and an AADACL1-selective
inhibitor, JW480, each reduced dense granule secretion in stimulated
platelets, but MAGE did not. Addition of exogenous ADP bypassed
JW480-mediated aggregation defects, strongly suggesting that AADACL1 regulates ADP release from platelet granules. Inhibition of
AADACL1 also correlated with decreased PKCd but not PKCh phosphorylation in platelets.
Conclusion: AADACL1 deacetylates an inhibitory lipid that may compete with endogenous lipid activators of PKC. Thus, AADACL1 promotes efficient and irreversible platelet activation at low agonist
concentrations by removing a previously unrecognized constraint on
PKC activity and subsequent dense granule secretion of agonists such

as ADP in human platelets.
Non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants

and surgery
OR281
Impact of oral anticoagulation on time to procedure in
patients admitted for hip fracture
Tran T1, deWit C2, Delluc A3, Petrcich W2, Gal GL2 and Carrier M2
1
University of Ottawa; 2Ottawa Hospital Research Institute,
epartement de M
edecine Interne et
Ottawa, Canada; 3D
Pneumologie, CHRU de la Cavale Blanche, Brest, France
Background: Hip fracture is associated with significant morbidity and
mortality particularly if surgical repair is delayed. Current guidelines
recommend performing surgery within 48 h of admission. Patients
with hip fractures frequently receive oral anticoagulation (vitamin K
antagonists (VKA) or direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), which may
complicate perioperative management. Reversal strategies for VKA
are well-established (vitamin K and/or prothrombin complexes (PCC))
while they are controversial for DOACs.
Aims: To determine whether the time to surgery for hip fracture is different in patients receiving anticoagulation (VKA and/or DOACs).
Methods: Casecontrol study of consecutive patients on oral anticoagulation (VKA or DOACs) admitted to hospital for surgical repair of
hip fracture (n = 260) between January 2005 and March 2014. Controls (n = 260) were matched for age and gender. The primary outcome was the time from admission in the emergency room to surgery.
Secondary outcome measures included: 1) venous thromboembolism
(VTE); 2) major bleeding; and 3) in-hospital overall mortality.
Results: Of 260 patients on oral anticoagulation included in the study,
233 (90%) were on VKA whereas the others were on a DOAC.
Patients receiving any form of anticoagulation experienced a longer
median delay in hip surgery. (40.1 vs. 26.2 h (P < 0.001)) compared to
controls. Similarly, patients on DOACs experienced a longer median
wait time as compared to patients on VKA or no anticoagulation. (66.
9, 39.4 and 26.2 h respectively (P < 0.001)). There were no differences
in the rates of VTE, major bleeding episodes or in-hospital overall
mortality between the different groups.
Conclusion: Despite the availability of reversal methods (vitamin K or
PCC), patients receiving anticoagulation seem to experience significant
delays in surgical repair of their hip fracture. Patients on DOACs seem
to experience longer delays compared to patients on VKAs. However,
no increases of adverse events were observed in the post-operative period.
ABSTRACTS
OR282
Perioperative management of dabigatran: a
prospective cohort study
Schulman S1, Carrier M2, Lee AY3, Shivakumar S4, Blostein M5,
Spencer FA1, Solymoss S6, Barty R7, Wang G7, Heddle N7 and
Douketis JD1
1
Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton;
2
Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital Research
Institute at the University of Ottawa, Ottawa; 3Division of
Hematology, University of British Columbia and Vancouver
Coastal Health, Vancouver; 4Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie
University, Halifax; 5Department of Medicine, Jewish General
Hospital, McGill University; 6Department of Medicine, McGill
University, Montreal; 7McMaster Transfusion Research Program,
McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
Background: The perioperative management of dabigatran in clinical
practice is heterogeneous.
Aims: We performed this study to evaluate the safety of perioperative
management of dabigatran using a specified protocol.
Methods: Patients treated with dabigatran and planned for an invasive
procedure were eligible for inclusion. The timing of the last dose of dabigatran before the procedure was based on the creatinine clearance
and procedure-related bleeding risk. Resumption of dabigatran was
prespecified according to the complexity of the surgery and consequences of a bleeding complication. Patients were followed for 30 days
for major bleeding (primary outcome), minor bleeding, arterial thromboembolism and death.
Results: We included 542 cases; 324 procedures (60%) with standard
risk of bleeding and 218 procedures (40%) with increased risk of bleeding. The last dose of dabigatran was at 24, 48, or 96 h before surgery
according to the protocol in 46%, 37% and 6%, respectively, of the
cases. Dabigatran was resumed a median of 1 day (interquartile range,
02) after the procedure. Resumption was timed according to protocol
in 77% with 75 mg as the first dose on the day of procedure in 40% of
the cases. Ten patients (1.8%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.73.0)
had major bleeding and 28 patients (5.2%; 95% CI, 3.37.0) had
minor bleeding events. The only thromboembolic complication was
transient ischemic attack in 1 case (0.2%; 95% CI, 00.5), and there
were 4 deaths unrelated to bleeding or thrombosis. Bridging was not
used preoperatively but was administered in 9 cases (1.7%) postoperatively.
Conclusion: Our protocol for perioperative management of dabigatran
appears safe, effective and feasible.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Schulman Grant/Research Support from: Boehringer Ingelheim, Octapharma, Baxter, Consultant for: Boehringer
Ingelheim, Bayer, Bristol-Myer-Squibb, M. Carrier Grant/Research
Support from: Bristol-Myer-Squibb, Leo Pharma, Consultant for: Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myer-Squibb, Leo Pharma, Pfizer, Bayer,
A. Lee Consultant for: Boehringer Ingelheim, Bayer, Bristol-MyerSquibb, Leo Pharma, Pfizer, Sanofi, S. Shivakumar: None declared,
M. Blostein Consultant for: Boehringer Ingelheim, Bayer, BMS, Pfizer, CSL Behring and Novartis, F. Spencer: None declared, S. Solymoss
Consultant for: Boehringer Ingelheim, Bayer, Pfizer, R. Barty: None
declared, G. Wang: None declared, N. Heddle: None declared, J. Douketis Consultant for: Boehringer Ingelheim, Bayer, Bristol-MyersSquibb, Biotie, Portola, The Medicines Co., and Sanofi.
203
OR283
An observational cohort study to evaluate the safety
and efficacy of dabigatran etexilate in patients with
moderate renal impairment undergoing elective total
hip or knee replacement surgery
Frostick SP1, Rosencher N2, Kleine E3, Feuring M3,
Brueckmann M3, Clemens A3, Gullberg J4 and Samama C-M2
1
Musculoskeletal Science Research Group, Institute of
Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK;
2
^tel
Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Ho
Dieu and Cochin University Hospitals, Assistance Publique^pitaux de Paris, Universit
Ho
e Paris Descartes, Paris, France;
3
Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH & Co KG, Ingelheim am Rhein,
Germany; 4Boehringer Ingelheim AB, Stockholm, Sweden
Background: In clinical trials, dabigatran etexilate (DE) 220 or 150 mg
once daily (qd) was as effective as enoxaparin for prevention of venous
thromboembolism (VTE) in patients undergoing elective total hip/
knee replacement (THR/TKR) with a similar safety profile. The usual
recommended dose is 220 mg qd. A lower dose (150 mg qd) is recommended for patients with moderate renal impairment (RI), although
trial experience in this group is limited.
Aims: To assess the safety and efficacy of DE 150 mg qd in patients
with moderate RI undergoing THR/TKR in clinical practice.
Methods: This open, prospective, uncontrolled, observational cohort
study included adult patients with moderate RI (creatinine clearance
[CrCL] 3050 mL min1) in 7 EU countries. In accordance with the
European label, patients were to receive DE 75 mg 14 h after surgery
and 150 mg qd from day 2 to day 10 (TKR) or day 35 (THR). Primary safety outcome was major bleeding events (MBEs) and efficacy
outcome was symptomatic VTE and all-cause mortality, from the 1st
dose until 24 h after the last intake of DE. Ethics committee approval
and patients informed consent were obtained ahead of the studies.
Results: Four hundred and twenty-eight patients with moderate RI
received DE (221 THR; 207 TKR; median treatment duration 31 and
28 days, respectively; median CrCL 43.4 [3049.9] mL min1; median
age 80 [3296] years). Ten MBEs occurred in 9 patients overall (2.1%
of patients with MBE; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04.0); none
were fatal or involved a critical organ. MBE rates in the THR/TKR
groups were 1.8%/2.4%, respectively. Symptomatic VTE and all-cause
mortality occurred in 3 patients overall (0.7%; 95% CI 0.12.0): 2 in
the THR group (0.9%) and 1 in the TKR group (0.5%).
Conclusion: The real-world data obtained in this 1st observational
study of DE 150 mg qd in an elderly, fragile population, complement
previous clinical trial results indicating that DE 150 mg qd is an
appropriate dose for patients with moderate RI undergoing THR/
TKR.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Frostick Grant/Research Support from: DePuy, Johnson & Johnson, Consultant for: Biomet, Boehringer Ingelheim, DePuy, Speaker Bureau of: Boehringer Ingelheim, Biomet,
Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pfizer, N. Rosencher Consultant for: Bayer,
BMS, Boehringer Ingelheim, Pfizer, Sanofi, GSK, E. Kleine Employee
of: Boehringer Ingelheim, M. Feuring Employee of: Boehringer Ingelheim, M. Brueckmann Employee of: Boehringer Ingelheim, A. Clemens Employee of: Boehringer Ingelheim at the time of study design, J.
Gullberg Employee of: Boehringer Ingelheim, C.-M. Samama Consultant for: Bayer, BMS, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Daiichi-Sankyo, Portola,
Speaker Bureau of: Bayer, BMS, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Daichii.
204
ABSTRACTS
OR284
Efficacy of rivaroxaban for prevention of venous
thromboembolism after knee arthroscopy: a
randomized double-blind trial (ERIKA study)
Camporese G1, Bernardi E2, Noventa F3 and on behalf of ERIKA
Working Group
1
Unit of Angiology, Cardiac-Thoracic-Vascular Department,
University Hospital of Padua, Padua; 2Emergency and Accident
Medicine, Hospital of Conegliano, Conegliano; 3Department of
Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
Background: Without thromboprophylaxis knee arthroscopy (KA)
carries a definite risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Despite the
huge number of KA procedures worldwide per year, the latest ACCP
guidelines do not recommend routine prophylaxis in this setting. Efficacy of rivaroxaban for VTE prevention after major orthopaedic surgery is well established. No randomized clinical trials employing
rivaroxaban for VTE prevention after KA are available.
Aims: To assess efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban for VTE prevention
after KA.
Methods: Multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled
trial. Written informed consent was obtained from all patients.
Patients were randomized to rivaroxaban (10 mg od) or placebo for
7 days. All patients underwent bilateral whole-leg color-coded Doppler ultrasonography at day 7 (+1), or earlier in case of symptoms/signs
of VTE. A 3-month follow-up visit was planned. Primary efficacy outcome (PEO) was the combined incidence of all-cause mortality, symptomatic VTE and asymptomatic proximal deep-vein thrombosis.
Primary safety outcome was major bleeding.
Results: Overall 241 patients were randomized (122 rivaroxaban, 119
placebo). The 3-month cumulative incidence of PEO was 0.8% in the
rivaroxaban group vs. 6.1% in the placebo group (ARR: 5.3%; 95%
CI 11.3 to 0.4; crude RR 0.13; 95% CI 0.021.1; P = 0.03;
NNT = 19). No major bleeding observed. Minor peri-surgical site
bleeding incidence 3.3% in the rivaroxaban group vs. 5.3% in the placebo group (ARR: 2.0%; 95% CI 8.0 to 3.7; crude RR 0.7; 95%
CI 0.22.3; P = 0.53; NNH = 52).
Conclusion: Oral rivaroxaban 10 mg od for 7 days is effective and safe
for VTE prevention in patients undergoing KA. (ClinicalTrials.gov Id:
NCT01629381).
Disclosure of Interest: G. Camporese Grant/Research Support from:
Bayer, Daiichi Sankyo, Aspen, Alfa Wassermann, Consultant for:
Daiichi Sankyo, Bayer, E. Bernardi Consultant for: Bayer, F. Noventa: None declared.
OR285
Assays to measure direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC):
data from UK Neqas multicentre studies
Jennings I1, Kitchen S1, Kitchen DP1, Munroe-Peart S1, Jones R2,
Lowe A2, Woods TAL1 and Walker ID1
1
Uk Neqas (Blood Coagulation); 2Sheffield Haemophilia and
Thrombosis Centre, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK
Background: Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) Dabigatran, Rivaroxaban and Apixaban are increasingly used in preference to Coumadin, and routine monitoring is not required. However, there are
circumstances in which specific DOAC assays are indicated, and many
laboratories are establishing or modifying assays to measure DOACs.
Information on between-centre precision for these assays is limited.
Aims: We describe here a multicentre study assessing performance of
assays for DOACs.
Methods: Three lyophilised plasma samples were prepared for each
DOAC, 1 containing no drug, and 2 spiked with different concentrations of drug, kindly provided by the manufacturers. UK NEQAS cen-
tres were asked to perform their routine assay for each DOAC.
Median, coefficient of variation (CV) and range were determined for
each method and reagent group.
Results: Ten different methods were employed to assay Dabigatran
and Rivaroxaban, with 6 methods reported for Apixaban assay. 79%
of centres used a single source of calibrator for Dabigatran assays. For
Rivaroxaban and Apixaban, calibrator source was split between Stago, Technoclone and Hyphen. Medians (ranges) for the 3 Dabigatran
samples were 0 ng mL1 (040), 34 ng mL1 (575) and 158 ng mL1
(80250) respectively. High CVs were observed for the two samples
with lower levels of Dabigatran, at or below limits of detection for
these assays. Medians (ranges) for the 3 Rivaroxaban samples were
8 ng mL1 (0102), 37 ng mL1 (12.980) and 140 ng mL1 (94473)
respectively. For Apixaban, medians (ranges) were at 4 ng mL1 (0
60), 45 ng mL1 (2170) and 180 ng mL1 (131221) respectively.
Between-method variability was not marked, but large between-centre
differences were observed.
Conclusion: Despite variability in methods and calibrators, measurement of therapeutic levels of DOACs showed generally good precision
in this study; however, marked variation in results reported by individual laboratories highlights the need for quality assurance of these
assays.
Contact System I
OR286
Arterial thrombosis is accelerated in histidine-rich
glycoprotein deficient mice
Vu TT1,2,3, Zhou J2,4, Leslie BA4,5, Stafford AR4,5,
Fredenburgh JC4,5, Ni R3,5, Qiao S4,5, Vaezzadeh N3,5, JahnenDechent W6,7, Monia BP8, Gross PL4,9 and Weitz JI4,5,10
1
Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto; 2Thrombosis &
Atherosclerosis Research Institute; 3Medical Sciences; 4Medicine,
McMaster University; 5Thrombosis & Atherosclerosis Research
Institute, Hamilton; 6Biomedical Engineering, HelmholtzInstitute, Aachen, Canada; 7Biointerface Laboratory, HelmholtzInstitute, Aachen, Germany; 8Isis Pharmaceuticals, Carlsbad,
USA; 9Thrombosis & Atherosclerosis Research Institute;
10
Background: Polyanions, such as nucleic acids, have been identified as
potent activators of the contact system. However, natural mechanisms
to limit the contact system have not been elucidated. Previously, we
showed that the plasma protein, histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG)
binds factor (F) XIIa with high affinity and attenuates its capacity to
propagate coagulation.
Aims: To test the hypothesis that HRG attenuates nucleic acid driven
arterial thrombosis in a murine model.
Methods: The effects of HRG on DNA- and RNA-mediated activation of coagulation were assessed in human and mouse plasma and the
time to occlusion (TTO) after FeCl3-induced carotid artery injury in
HRG-deficient mice was compared with that in wild-type mice. Mice
were also injected with DNase or RNase, or FXII or FVII was selectively depleted using antisense oligonucleotides prior to FeCl3-injury.
Blood loss after tail amputation was used to assess hemostasis.
Thrombi were subjected to immunohistochemical analysis to detect
HRG, fibrin and platelets.
Results: RNA- and DNA-mediated activation of coagulation was
accelerated in plasma from HRG-deficient mice, and returned to normal with HRG addition. The TTO after FeCl3-induced injury was
shorter in HRG-deficient mice than wild-type mice (7.2 2.6 and
> 30 min, respectively; P < 0.001); a difference abrogated by administration of human HRG. HRG was detected in thrombi and localized
with platelets and fibrin. Neither DNase nor selective depletion of
ABSTRACTS
FVII had an impact on thrombosis. In contrast, RNase or selective
depletion of FXII abrogated FeCl3-induced occlusion, indicating that
in this model, thrombosis is triggered by RNA in a FXII-dependent
fashion. Blood loss in HRG-deficient and wild-type mice was similar.
Conclusion: HRG is a potent inhibitor of nucleic acid-driven coagulation, suggesting that it is a regulator of the intrinsic pathway of coagulation.
Disclosure of Interest: T. Vu: None declared, J. Zhou: None declared,
B. Leslie: None declared, A. Stafford: None declared, J. Fredenburgh:
None declared, R. Ni: None declared, S. Qiao: None declared, N.
Vaezzadeh: None declared, W. Jahnen-Dechent: None declared, B.
Monia Shareholder of: Isis Pharmaceuticals Inc., Employee of: Isis
Pharmaceuticals Inc., P. Gross: None declared, J. Weitz: None
declared.
OR287
Phosphate polymers and factor XI activation
Matafonov A1,2, Ivanov IS2, Sun M-F2, Serebrov VY3 and
Gailani D2
1
Department of Biotechnology and Organic Chemistry, Tomsk
Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia; 2Department of Pathology
Microbiology Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical
Center, Nashville, USA; 3Department of Biochemistry and
Molecular Biology, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk,
Russia
Background: Factor XI (fXI) is the zymogen of a protease (fXIa) that
contributes to thrombosis and inflammation. Phosphate polymers
such as inorganic phosphate (polyP), DNA and RNA enhance fXI
activation. PolyP-enhanced fXI activation by thrombin (IIa), factor
XIIa (fXIIa) or autoactivation requires Zn2+ ions, and anion-binding
sites on the fXI A3 (ABS1) and catalytic (ABS2) domains.
Aims: To compare fXI activation by IIa, fXIIa and autoactivation in
the presence of polyP, DNA and RNA; and determine the importance
of ABS1, ABS2, and Zn2+ to the reactions.
Methods: The effects of polyP, leukocyte DNA or liver RNA on fXI
activation were studied with chromogenic and thrombin generation
assays. Wild type fXI (fXI-WT) was compared to fXI lacking ABS1
(fXI-ABS1) or ABS2 (fXI-ABS2).
Results: PolyP, DNA and RNA had minimal effect on fXI (30 nM)
activation by IIa, fXIIa or autoactivation in the absence of Zn2+.
With 10 lM Zn2+ and optimal DNA (5 lg mL1) or RNA
(1 lg mL1), complete activation was induced within 3060 min. In
comparison, polyP (200 lM) was a weak inducer of autoactivation
with 10 lM Zn2+ under physiologic [NaCl]. IIa increased the rate of
fXI activation ~6-fold with DNA and 2-fold with RNA. FXIIa
increased activation ~2-fold with DNA, and had little effect with
RNA. In comparison, IIa increased activation ~20-fold with polyP.
With DNA and RNA, fXI-ABS2 failed to autoactivate, while fXIABS1 was activated ~10-fold slower than fXI-WT. Addition of DNA
to normal plasma initiated thrombin generation that was entirely
dependent on fXI, and partially dependent on fXII.
Conclusion: At physiologic Zn2+ and NaCl concentrations DNA and
RNA are more potent enhancers of fXI activation than polyP. In contrast to polyP, DNA and RNA primarily enhanced autoactivation in a
reaction requiring fXI ABS2, with some contribution of ABS1. The
results support the notion that fXI ABSs mediate interactions with
polyanions, and are critical for the recruitment of fXI for thrombotic
and inflammatory processes. (1994).
205
OR288
Factor XII activation by activated factor XI
Ivanov I1, Matafonov A1,2, Sun M-F1 and Gailani D1
1
Department of Pathology Microbiology Immunology, Vanderbilt
University Medical Center, Nashville, USA; 2Department of
Biotechnology and Organic Chemistry, Tomsk Polytechnic
University, Tomsk, Russia
Background: Phosphate polymers such as inorganic phosphate (polyP),
DNA and RNA in cell-free forms may induce contact activation at
sites of vascular injury, inflammation or infection. During contact activation, factor XII (fXII) is converted to the protease fXIIa by kallikrein and by autoactivation. FXIIa then contributes to thrombin
generation by converting factor XI (fXI) to fXIa, a protease structurally similar to kallikrein. There is evidence that fXIa, like kallikrein,
activates fXII, but this has not been studied in detail.
Aims: To study the effects of DNA, RNA and Zn2+ ions on fXII activation by kallikrein, fXIa and autoactivation.
Methods: FXII activation was studied in the presence of leukocyte
DNA or mouse liver RNA, and different Zn2+ concentrations using
chromogenic assays and SDS-PAGE.
Results: FXII (200 nM) autoactivation was minimal in the presence of
DNA (5 lg mL1) or RNA (5 lg mL1) in the absence of Zn2+, but
was markedly enhanced by 1025 lM Zn2+. RNA gave a slightly larger effect than DNA. In the absence of DNA or RNA, fXII activation
by fXIa (2 nM active sites) was ~2-fold faster than activation by kallikrein (2 nM). In the presence of 10 lM Zn2+, DNA or RNA
enhanced fXII activation by fXIa ~25-fold, and by kallikrein ~2-fold.
Conclusion: The homologs fXIa and kallikrein activate fXII similarly
in the absence of polyanions. DNA or RNA have a larger effect (~10fold) on Zn2+-dependent fXII activation by fXIa than by kallikrein.
In classic contact activation, fXIIa converts fXI to fXIa, which then
contributes to thrombin generation by activating fIX. However, fXI is
activated independently of fXIIa during coagulation. The results raise
the possibility that fXIa generated during tissue factor-initiated thrombin generation may activate the contact system, and support the
hypothesis that fXI/XIa forms a bidirectional interface between
thrombin generation and contact activation, allowing the two systems
to influence each other.
OR289
An allosteric disulfide bond is involved in enhanced
activation of factor XI by protein disulfide isomerase
Mor-Cohen R1, Yeheskel A2, Seligsohn U1 and Zucker M1
1
The Amalia Biron Research Institute of Thrombosis and
Hemostasis, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, and
Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University; 2Bioinformatics
Unit, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University,
Tel Aviv, Israel
Background: Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) was shown to reduce
factor XI (FXI) and to enhance its ability to cleave its chromogenic
substrate. Three disulfide bonds in FXI (118-147, 362-482 and 321321) were shown to be involved in this augmented activation.
Aims: To characterize the mechanisms by which PDI enhances FXI
activity.
Methods: The ability of PDI-reduced FXI to cleave its chromogenic
substrate, S2366 or its physiologic substrate, factor IX (FIX) were
measured after thrombin activation. The rate of conversion of reduced
FXI to FXIa was assessed by immunoblotting. To assess the involvement of each of the three disulfide bonds in FXI enhanced activation,
FXI harboring mutations that disrupt these bonds (C147S, C482S or
C321S) or wild type (WT) FXI were expressed in baby hamster kidney
206
ABSTRACTS
(BHK) cells. Antigenicity of secreted FXI was measured by ELISA

and its activity was assessed using a chromogenic substrate. The effect
of disulfide bond reduction on FXI structure was analyzed by molecular dynamics (MD).
Results: FXI reduction by PDI enhanced cleavage of both its chromogenic and its physiologic substrates. Incubation with PDI increased
the conversion of FXI to FXIa as shown by immunoblotting. C147SFXI expressed in BHK cells was not secreted to the medium. C321SFXI and C482S-FXI were secreted in smaller amounts than WT-FXI.
WT and C321S-FXI exhibited similar rates of chromogenic substrate
cleavage, while C482S-FXI cleaved it faster than WT. Configuration
analysis of the disulfide bonds in FXI revealed that the 362-482 bond
has an allosteric configuration. MD analysis showed that disruption of
the 362-482 bond gave rise to a broader thrombin binding site in FXI.
Conclusion: Reduction of FXI by PDI enhances its ability to cleave its
physiologic substrate, FIX, probably by faster conversion of FXI to
FXIa. The allosteric disulfide bond 362-482 is involved in the increased
FXI activation upon its reduction possibly by increasing thrombin
accessibility to FXI.
OR290
DNA and RNA activate the contact pathway of
coagulation by promoting reciprocal activation of
factor XII and prekallikrein
Dang JS1,2, Vu TT1,2, Leslie BA2,3, Stafford AR2,3,
Fredenburgh JC2,3 and Weitz JI1,2,3
1
Department of Medical Sciences, McMaster University;
2
of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
Background: The contact system, which consists of factor XII (FXII),
prekallikrein (PK), and high-molecular weight kininogen (HK), initiates the intrinsic pathway of coagulation. Studies suggest that DNA
and RNA activate the contact system by serving as physiological surfaces onto which the contact factors assemble.
Aims: To determine the extent to which DNA and RNA activate the
contact system, and to identify the mechanism.
Methods: Thrombin generation was quantified in platelet poor plasma
in the absence or presence of 40 lg mL1 DNA or RNA. In buffer
systems, the effect of DNA or RNA on (a) FXII activation in the
absence or presence of PK and/or HK, and (b) PK activation in the
absence or presence of FXIIa and/or HK was determined using chromogenic assays.
Results: Nucleic acids enhanced thrombin generation in platelet poor
plasma; DNA and RNA significantly (P < 0.05) increased the endogenous thrombin potential by 19% and 14% (from 3124 283 nM*min
to 3715 138 and 3558 68 nM*min), shortened the lag phase by
80% and 35% (from 27 5 min to 5 0.5 and 18 2 min), and
increased peak thrombin concentration by 2- and 1.5-fold (from
71.5 17 nM to 146 7 and 112 11 nM), respectively. In a purified system, DNA augmented FXII autoactivation by 3-fold, whereas
RNA had no effect. Both DNA and RNA promoted FXII activation
by 7-fold in the presence of PK, and by 11-fold in the presence of PK
and HK. DNA or RNA alone enhanced FXIIa-mediated activation of
PK by 2-fold, whereas in the presence of HK, they augmented activation by 10- and 8-fold, respectively. Therefore, nucleic acids promote
contact activation.
Conclusion: DNA and RNA promote thrombin generation by augmenting reciprocal activation of FXII and PK in the absence or presence of HK, likely by serving as a template onto which the contact
factors assemble. This phenomenon may contribute to thrombosis at
sites of tissue damage.
Cancer and thrombosis

clinical III
OR291
Thrombotic burden and the risk of subsequent
manifest cancer
Prandoni P1, Villalta S2, Lensing AW3, Prins MH4, Noventa F5 and
Piccioli A1
1
Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Padua, Padua; 2Medicine,
University of Treviso, Treviso, Italy; 3Vascular Medicine,
University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam; 4Clinical Epidemiology,
University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands;
5
Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
Background: Whether the extension of initial thrombosis and the persistence of residual trombosis predict the development of subsequent
cancer in patients with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is unknown.
Aims: To correlate the extension of initial thrombosis and the persistence of residual trombosis with the development of cancer in patients
with proximal DVT.
Methods: In 1081 consecutive cancer-free patients who were followed
up for up to three years, the extension of thrombosis and the simultaneous presence of PE were recorded, as was the ultrasound assessment of residual vein thrombosis (RVT), defined as the
incompressibility of at least 4 mm in the transverse section after three
months.
Results: Subsequent cancer developed in 15/458 (3.3%) patients with
extensive thrombosis (involvement of both the common femoral and
the popliteal vein) and in 35/623 (5.6%) with more limited DVT; in 3/
154 (1.9%) patients with and in 47/927 (5.1%) without simultaneous
PE. After adjusting for age, sex, previous thromboembolism and the
modality of DVT presentation (idiopathic vs. secondary) the OR of
subsequent cancer in patients with extensive as compared to those with
more limited thrombosis was 0.57 (95% CI, 0.311.1); and was 0.31
(95% CI, 0.091.1) in patients with as compared to those without PE.
RVT was detected in 510 of the 985 cancer-free patients (51.8%) in
whom this determination could be done. Subsequent cancer developed
in 21 (4.1%) patients with and in 8 (1.7%) without RVT. The adjusted
OR of subsequent cancer in patients with as compared to those without RVT was 2.6 (95% CI, 1.16.1). Patients with unprovoked DVT
and RVT had the highest risk of developing subsequent cancer.
Conclusion: In cancer-free patients with proximal DVT, the development of subsequent cancer is not correlated with the extension of initial thrombosis, nor is it with the simultaneous presence of PE. In
patients who do not develop cancer in the first three months, the
assessment of RVT is an independent predictor of subsequent overt
malignancy.
ABSTRACTS
OR292
Recurrent venous thromboembolism and mortality in
cancer patients with upper extremity deep vein
thrombosis
Bleker S1, van Es N1, Kleinjan A1, B
uller HR1, Kamphuisen PW2,
Aggarwal A3, Beyer-Westendorf J4, Camporese G5, Cosmi B6,
Gary T7, Ghirarduzzi A8, Kaasjager K9, Lerede T10, Marschang P11,
Meijer K2, Otten H-M12, Porreca E13, Righini M14, Verhamme P15,
van Wissen S16 and Nisio MD13
1
Amsterdam; 2Department of Vascular Medicine, University
3
Department of Veterans Affairs, George Washington University,
Washington, DC, USA; 4Center for Vascular Diseases and
Medical Clinic III, Dresden University Hospital, Dresden,
Germany; 5Department of Angiology, University Hospital of
Padua, Padua; 6Department of Angiology and Blood Coagulation,
S Orsola Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy; 7Abteilung
r Angiologie, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria; 8Instituto
fu
di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Azienda Arcispedale
Santa Maria Nova, Reggio Emilia, Italy; 9Department of Internal
Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The
Netherlands; 10USC Immunoematologia e Medicina
Tansfusionale, Emostasi e Trombosi, Azienda Ospedaliera Papa
Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy; 11Department of Internal
Medicine III, Cardiology und Angiology, Medical University of
Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; 12Department of Internal
Medicine, Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
13
Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, G.
DAnnunzio University, Chieti, Italy; 14Division of angiology and
hemostasis, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland;
15
Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, University Hospital
Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; 16Department of Internal Medicine,
Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Background: Cancer is a common risk factor for upper extremity deep
vein thrombosis (UEDVT). Data on the risk of recurrent venous
thromboembolism (VTE) and mortality of cancer patients after a diagnosis of UEDVT are scarce.
Aims: To evaluate the risk of recurrent VTE in cancer patients after a
diagnosis of UEDVT, and to assess survival vs. cancer patients without UEDVT.
Methods: Follow-up data were collected from patients with suspected
UEDVT who were enrolled from January 2010 to June 2012 in an
international diagnostic management study (Kleinjan et al., Ann
Intern Med, 2014). Between August 2014 and January 2015, patients
were interviewed by telephone and questioned about recurrent VTE
and mortality. We compared the risk of recurrent VTE between cancer
and non-cancer patients with UEDVT and the risk of mortality
between cancer patients with and without confirmed UEDVT using a
Cox proportional hazards model.
Results: Out of 177 patients, UEDVT was diagnosed in 42 cancer and
62 non-cancer patients. Thrombosis was ruled out in 73 cancer
patients. Follow-up was completed for 174 of 177 patients (98.3%)
with a median follow-up of 3.0 years (IQR 2.23.8). Recurrent VTE
after UEDVT occurred approximately twice as often in patients with
cancer (12.2%) relative to those without cancer (6.5%; HR 1.68, 95%
CI 0.515.55). Of the cancer patients with UEDVT 51.2% died vs.
43.1% of the cancer patients without UEDVT (HR 1.47, 95% CI
0.842.58); when adjusted for age and presence of metastases, the HR
was 1.26 (95% CI 0.692.30).
Conclusion: Cancer patients with UEDVT seem to have a higher risk
of recurrent VTE than non-cancer patients. A diagnosis of UEDVT
does not appear to be associated with worse survival in cancer
207
patients, however, this may be due to the small number of patients in

this study.
OR293
Interrelation between cancer and myocardial infarction
in the general population
Rinde LB1, Sm
abrekke B1, Jensvoll H1,2,3, Blix K1,3, Njlstad I1,4,
1,4,5
, Vik A1,2,3, Brkkan SK1,2,3 and Hansen J-B1,2,3
Mathiesen EB
1
2
University Hospital of North Norway, Division of Internal
Medicine; 3Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic
University of Norway, Hematological Research Group (HERG);
4
UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Department of Community
Medicine; 5Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic
University of Norway, Brain and Circulation Research Group,
Troms, Norway
Background: The association between venous thromboembolism
(VTE) and cancer is well known, but there is limited data on the association between cancer and myocardial infarction (MI). Results from a
registry-based study suggest that cancer is associated with increased
risk of MI. Data from registry studies should, however, be interpreted
with caution due to lack of validation of outcomes and ability to
adjust for confounders.
Aims: To study the association between cancer and MI in a large prospective cohort recruited from the general population.
Methods: Subjects (n = 28 740) without a history of MI and cancer
were included from the Troms Study and followed from baseline to
the date of cancer, death, migration or study end. Cox regression models with age as time scale were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) for
cancer-related MI adjusted for sex, BMI, diabetes, smoking, blood
pressure, HDL-cholesterol, physical activity and education. The regional ethical committee approved the study and all participants gave
their informed written consent.
Results: There were 1858 incident MIs and 2677 incident cancers during a median follow-up of 15.7 years. Subjects with MI had increased
risk of subsequent cancer compared with subjects without MI (HR
1.60, 95% CI 1.152.21 in women and 1.28, 95% CI 1.021.61 in
men). The risk was highest the first 6 months after the MI (HR 3.11,
95% CI 1.486.61 in women and 1.74, 95% CI 0.903.36 in men), and
remained elevated after one year in women (HR 1.58, 95% CI, 1.00
2.49), but not in men (HR 1.34, 95% CI, 0.971.85). After 5 year was
the association not longer significant (HR 1.39; 95% CI, 0.762.53 in
women and 1.24, 95% CI 0.861.79 in men). Likewise, cancer patients
had increased risk of MI the first 6 months after the cancer diagnosis
(HR 2.11, 95% CI 1.054.25 in women and 1.79, 95% CI 1.073.00 in
men), but declined rapidly thereafter and were no longer significant.
Conclusion: Our results imply that cancer and MI are interrelated, and
that MI may be the first sign of occult cancer.
208
ABSTRACTS
OR294
Epidemiology of first venous thromboembolism in
patients with active cancer
Cohen A1, Katholing A2, Rietbrock S2 and Martinez C2
1
Hospital, London, UK; 2Institute for Epidemiology, Statistics and
Informatics GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany
Background: Population studies on the epidemiology of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with active cancer are limited. The frequency of cancer in VTE cohorts has been well described but there are
no published data for the incidence rates (IR) for VTE among patients
with active cancer.
Aims: n/a.
Methods: A population based observational cohort study was undertaken to estimate the incidence of first VTE in patients with active cancer. The source population consisted of all patients in the UK Clinical
Practice Research Datalink, with additional linked information on hospitalisations and cause of death. The 90 days before and after a cancerrelated clinical diagnosis or therapy defined the period of an active cancer (at-risk period). Between 2001 and 2011 all first VTE events during
the at-risk period were identified using a validated algorithm. IR of first
cancer-associated VTE were provided by age, gender and VTE type,
deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE).
Results: In a total of 139,467 patients with cancer contributing 112,738
active cancer-associated person-years of observation, 6592 incident
VTEs, 46.3% DVTs and 53.7% PE with or without DVT, were
observed. The mean age of VTE was 68.8 years. The most common
types of cancer among VTE cases were prostate cancer in men
(18.2%), breast cancer in women (16.7%), lung cancer (14.7%) and
colon cancer (13.5%). IRs of VTE were 5.8 (CI 5.76.0) per 100 person
years, 2.7 for DVT and 3.1 for PE. The IR of first VTE was highest in
the elderly population, and peaked for men in the 6th decade (6.3 per
100 person-years) and for women in their 8th decade (7.6 per 100 person-years). Similar increases with age were seen for first DVT and first
PE.
Conclusion: VTE in patients with active cancer is common. Efforts are
needed to reduce the high incidence.
Disclosure of Interest: A. Cohen Consultant for: Bayer, Boheringer-Ingelheim, BMS, Daiichi, GSK, Johnson and Johnson, Mitsubishi
Pharma, Pfizer, Portola, Sanofi, Schering Plough, Takeda, XO1, UK
Government Health Select Committee, the Department of Health, the
NHS, Lifeblood and the Coalition to Prevent Venous Thromboembolism, A. Katholing Grant/Research Support from: IfESI has received
grants for investigator-initiated studies from Bayer Pharma AG,
BMS-Pfizer and CSL Behring., S. Rietbrock Grant/Research Support
from: IfESI has received grants for investigator-initiated studies from
Bayer Pharma AG, BMS-Pfizer and CSL Behring., C. Martinez
Grant/Research Support from: IfESI has received grants for investigator-initiated studies from Bayer Pharma AG, BMS-Pfizer and CSL
Behring., Consultant for: Bayer Pharma AG and Boehringer Ingelheim.
OR295
The risks and benefits of thromboprophylaxis (TP)
among hospitalized medically ill cancer patients
Carrier M1, Wu C2, Peterson E3, de Wit C1, Ma M3, Tien J2,
Polley G2 and Lee AY3
1
Medicine, Univ of Ottawa, Ottawa; 2Medicine, University of
Alberta, Edmonton; 3Medicine, University of British Columbia,
Vancouver, Canada
Background: Pharmacological TP for all cancer patients hospitalized
for acute medical illness is considered standard practice and strongly
recommended in clinical guidelines. However, cancer patient-specific

data are lacking to help estimate net risk-benefit of TP.
Aims: To assess the incidence of major bleeding (MB] and venous
thromboembolism (VTE) among hospitalized medically-ill cancer
patients.
Methods: Retrospective cohort study of consecutive hospitalized medically-ill cancer patients admitted between January and June 2010 in
three academic centers. The primary efficacy and safety outcome measures were symptomatic VTE (SSC recommended definition) and MB
(ISTH definition). Anticoagulant TP was defined as prophylactic doses
of low-molecular-weight-heparin or unfractionated heparin.
Results: A total of 2030 patients were included and 217 (11%) were
deemed to have a contraindication to anticoagulant TP. Mean age was
63 years old and 51% were male. The most frequent tumor types were
non-small cell lung carcinoma (13%) and lymphoma (11%). The median length of stay in hospital was 7 days (range 0131). The most frequent reasons for admission were infections (8%) and chemotherapy
delivery (10%). Of the 1813 patients without a contraindication, 734
(41%) patients received TP during their hospitalization. Among these
patients, the rate of VTE was 3% (95% CI 1.94.5), compared with
3.4% (95% CI 2.44.7) in those who did not receive TP. The rate of
MB was 1.9% (95% CI: 1.13.2) and 1.2% (95% CI: 0.62.1), respectively. Among those given TP, 71% had at least one additional risk
factor for VTE and 58% had one or more risk factors for bleeding.
Among those not given TP, 63% and 47% had risk factors for VTE
and bleeding, respectively.
Conclusion: Rates of VTE were similar for medically-ill cancer patients
receiving anticoagulant TP or not. The risk of MB was low in both
groups. Decision to provide TP does not appear to be based on riskbenefit assessment.
Factor VIII and IX

OR296
A unique exon specific U1snRNA rescues different
haemophilia B causing splicing-defective factor IX
variants in mice
Balestra D1, Scalet D1, Pagani F2, Bernardi F1 and Pinotti M1
1
Ferrara, Ferrara; 2International Centre for Genetic Engineering
and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
Background: Exon-skipping causing mutations, frequent causes of
human disease, have been corrected by engineered spliceosomal
U1snRNA targeting specific intronic sequences downstream of donor
splice sites (Exon Specific U1, ExSpeU1). However, ExSpeU1s have
been poorly investigated in vivo and never in coagulation factor
defects, which benefit from tiny increases of functional protein levels.
We have identified an ExSpeU1 (ExSpeU1sh9) able to correct in vitro
a panel of F9 exon 5 exon-skipping mutations, which affects several
severe Haemophilia B (HB) patients.
Aims: To assess in mice the ExSpeU1sh9-mediated rescue of the F9
c.520-2A>G (IVS5-2A>C) and c.392-8T>G (IVS5-8T>G) mutations at
donor (5ss) and acceptor splice sites.
Methods: HB mouse models, created by hydrodynamic injection of
plasmids for the human hFIX splicing-competent cassettes (pF9IVS52c; pFIVS4-8 g) in wt BALB/c mice, were co-injected with vectors for
ExSpeU1sh9, U1wt or the first generation U1F9wt targeting the
F9IVS5-5ss. hFIX expression was evaluated by human-specific RTPCR, ELISA and Western Blotting.
Results: Mice injected with both pF9IVS5 variants expressed trace
plasma levels of a truncated FIX arising from the exon 5-skipped F9
transcript. Co-delivery with a 1.5 molar excess of pExSpeU1sh9
resulted in remarkable increase of plasma hFIX (IVS2-2c,
ABSTRACTS
450 89 ng mL1; IVS5-8 g, 920 300 ng mL1; ~31% and ~64%
of the pF9IVS5wt, respectively) and, most importantly, restoration of
the full-length hFIX protein form. This was consistent with an appreciable rescue of correct hFIX transcripts (IVS2-2c, 85 5%; IVS58 g, 72 4%) in liver of both HB models. Comparable results were
obtained with the pU1F9wt whereas the pU1wt was ineffective, to
indicate a specific ExSpeU1-mediated rescue.
Conclusion: We provide the first in vivo proof-of-principle that a
unique ExSpeU1 efficiently rescues different exon-skipping mutations
causing HB, which further strengthen the therapeutic potential of this
approach for coagulation disorders and other genetic diseases.
OR297
Suppression of leaky nonsense mutations by
ribosome readthrough accounts for residual factor IX
levels in haemophilia B patients
Branchini A1, Ferrarese M1, Baroni M1, Campioni M1, Burini F1,
Nicolosi F1, Castaman G2, Radossi P3, Bernardi F1 and Pinotti M1
1
Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara;
2
Center for Bleeding Disorders, Department of Heart and Vessels,
Careggi University Hospital, Florence; 3Transfusion Service and
Hematology Department, Castelfranco Veneto Regional Hospital,
Castelfranco Veneto, Italy
Background: Nonsense mutations, relatively frequent in Haemophilia
(> 10%), are considered null mutations. However, they have been
found also in moderate/mild Haemophiliacs and, as compared with
large gene deletions, are associated with lower risk for developing
inhibitors. This observation point to the presence of residual expression levels arising from ribosome readthrough over nonsense triplets,
as we have shown in a very small cohort of Haemophilia B (HB)
patients. Drugs inducing readthrough such as aminoglycosides are
proposed as potential therapy.
Aims: To investigate residual levels of factor IX (FIX) produced by an
extended panel of HB nonsense mutations.
Methods: Expression of nonsense FIX variants in HEK293 cells, evaluation of intracellular and secreted FIX levels (ELISA, Western Blotting, fluorogenic functional assays).
Results: We investigated nine F9 mutations (R75X, L103X, R162X,
R294X, R298X, Y330X, Q370X, R379X, R384X) associated to
severe/moderate HB. Appreciable levels of secreted FIX were detected
for the R162X, R294X, R298X, Y330X mutants, with a large predominance of truncated forms. Truncated forms for Q370X, R379X and
R384X were observed in cell lysates only, which suggests misfolding.
Noticeably, the full-length FIX form was appreciable for the R162X,
R294X and R298X and indicated the occurrence of spontaneous readthrough, which was significantly increased by the use of aminoglycosides. Moreover, aminoglycosides promoted the synthesis of fulllength FIX in the presence of the R75X, Y330X, Q370X, R379X,
R384X mutations, not undergoing appreciable spontaneous readthrough. Preliminary functional assays revealed a residual activity for
the R162X mutant.
Conclusion: These data demonstrate that nonsense mutations can be
associated to residual FIX levels through a mechanism of productive
readthrough. The identification of leaky nonsense mutations, and
thus of patients with trace FIX levels and potentially high responders
to readthrough-inducing drugs, might help diagnosis and treatment.
209
OR298
F8 and F9 gene variants, CADD scores, and
hemophilia severity: in the my life, our future
genotyping project
Johnsen J1,2, Fletcher SN1, Huston H1, Kircher M3, Aschman DJ4,
Bias V5, McAlister S6, Shendure J3 and Konkle BA1,2
1
Research Institute, Puget Sound Blood Center (PSBC);
2
Department of Medicine; 3Department of Genome Sciences,
University of Washington, Seattle; 4American Thrombosis and
Hemostasis Network (ATHN), Chicago; 5National Hemophilia
Foundation (NHF), New York; 6Biogen Idec, Weston, USA
Background: My Life, Our Future (MLOF), a partnership of PSBC,
ATHN, NHF, and Biogen Idec, is conducting U.S.-wide hemophilia
genetic testing and building a research repository. This effort will identify genetic variants of unknown function, which pose challenges to
interpretation.
Aims: To study a genomic computational tool, the scaled-CADD score
(C score), which integrates diverse annotations into a single measure,
for prediction of functional impact of F8 and F9 gene variants in
MLOF.
Methods: Initial screening for DNA variants was by targeted F8 and
F9 next generation sequencing (NGS). Candidates were independently
validated in the PSBC CLIA-certified laboratory prior to clinical
reporting. In 1052 patients, we obtained a C score for all DNA variants identified by NGS (except large structural variants). We analyzed
scores with regard to gender, disease, baseline factor level, clinical
action (reporting), and frequency.
Results: NGS identified one or more non-structural gene variants in
99% of patients. There were 404 discrete variants (299 in F8; 105 in
F9). Most (96%) gene variants were rare, found in < 1% of patients. C
scores were higher (P < 1 9 10e-17) for clinically reported variants
(25.9 + /7.7 in F8; 27.3 7.5 in F9) than unreported variants
(7.7 7.5 in F8; 3.4 4.3 in F9). Reported variant C scores averaged
> 20 regardless of severity of hemophilia A [mild (22.9 5.3), moderate (25.0 5.3), severe (27.6 7.8)] or hemophilia B [mild
(22.2 8.9), moderate (26.6 5.2), severe (28.9 7.3)]. However,
3.8% of reported variants had C scores < 10 and 6.6% of unreported
variants had C scores > 20.
Conclusion: Overall, C score correlated well with independent assessments of F8 and F9 gene variant function, with higher scores generally
corresponding with deleterious variants. We propose the C score as a
useful and evolving research tool, but caution against over-interpretation of individual scores until further studies can be done.
OR299
CB-FIX: an improved second generation FIX drug
candidate
Madison E, Thanos C, Blouse G, Fox M, Overbeck R, Ly H,
McCluskie K and Sloane D
Catalyst Biosciences, Inc., South San Francisco, USA
Background: Wild type (wt), recombinant human FIX (e.g., BeneFIX) is routinely used as enzyme replacement therapy to treat hemophilia B patients. Due to a relatively short duration of action,
however, prophylactic use of wt FIX to prevent spontaneous bleeding
requires very frequent dosing (i.e., 23 times/week).
Aims: To use structure-based rational design and molecular modeling
to create a novel variant of human FIX (CB-FIX) that exhibits a significantly longer duration of action than wt FIX and allows less frequent prophylactic dosing.
Methods: We measured the procoagulant activity (i.e., catalytic efficiency for activation of FX to FXa in the presence of FVIIIa) of Bene-
210
ABSTRACTS
FIX and CB-FIX, affinity for FVIIIa, rate of inhibition by ATIII,

efficacy and duration of action for inhibition of bleeding (tail clip
model) in FIX/ mice, and duration of aPTT correction in nonbleeding FIX/ mice. Finally, we performed single dose escalation
toxicity/safety studies using wild type mice.
Results: Compared with BeneFIX, CB-FIX exhibited approximately
2.8-fold enhanced procoagulant activity, approximately 8-fold greater
affinity for FVIIIa, and more than 20-fold enhanced resistance to inhibition by ATIII. In vivo, CB-FIX exhibited approximately 4-fold
enhanced efficacy in inhibiting blood loss (tail clip model) and an
approximately 8-fold prolonged duration of action in both this acute
bleeding model and also for correction of aPTT activity in non-bleeding hemophilia B (FIX/) mice. Finally, comparing data from murine efficacy and toxicity/safety studies suggested that CB-FIX also
exhibited a modestly enhanced therapeutic index compared with BeneFIX.
Conclusion: Based on these improved in vitro and in vivo properties,
CB-FIX appears to represent a novel second generation FIX variant
that is significantly differentiated from both BeneFIX and other
advanced second generation FIX variants.
Disclosure of Interest: E. Madison Employee of: Catalyst Biosciences,
Inc., C. Thanos Employee of: Catalyst Biosciences, Inc., G. Blouse
Employee of: Catalyst Biosciences, Inc., M. Fox Employee of: Catalyst
Biosciences, Inc., R. Overbeck Employee of: Catalyst Biosciences,
Inc., H. Ly Employee of: Catalyst Biosciences, Inc., K. McCluskie
Employee of: Catalyst Biosciences, Inc., D. Sloane Employee of: Catalyst Biosciences, Inc.
OR300
Correction of aberrant splicing causing haemophilia B
through the combination of compensatory U1snRNAs
and antisense oligonucleotides
Scalet D1, Balestra D1, Barbon E1, Cavallari N1, Perrone D2,
Bernardi F1 and Pinotti M1
1
Life Sciences and Biotechnology; 2Chemical and Pharmaceutical
Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
Background: Modulation of mRNA splicing is emerging as a promising approach for the therapy of genetic diseases, with advantages
(maintenance of gene regulation in physiological tissue only; small
therapeutic transgene) over replacement gene therapy. Mutations
affecting splicing are relatively frequent in severe coagulation factor
disorders, which would benefit even from tiny increase of functional
protein levels.
Aims: To exploit the knowledge of aberrant splicing mechanisms
caused by a panel of Haemophilia B (HB)-causing mutations at the
donor splice site (5ss) of F9 exon 2 to develop a new potential therapeutic approach.
Methods: Expression of splicing-competent FIX cDNA cassettes harboring c.252 + 3G>C, c.252 + 5G>A, c.252 + 5G>C, c.252 + 5G>T
and c.252 + 6T>C mutations in mammalian cells. Creation of modified U1snRNAs and design of antisense oligonucleotide (AON). Evaluation of FIX mRNA (RT-PCR).
Results: Expression studies demonstrated that all mutations lead to a
deleted F9 mRNA form (F9del) due to the usage of an exonic cryptic
5ss, which is down-regulated by a highly conserved exonic splicing
silencer (ESS). Interestingly, HB-causing missense changes at the ESS
also promote synthesis of the F9del aberrant form.
Antisense oligonucleotides masking the cryptic 5ss failed to re-direct
usage of the authentic 5ss in the presence of 5ss mutations, and promoted exon 2 skipping. On the other hand, small nuclear RNA U1
(U1snRNA) variants with increased complementarity to the defective
5ss, a strategy exploited to rescue splicing, were also ineffective.
Noticeably, the combination of the modified U1snRNAs with AONs
produced appreciable amounts of correctly spliced transcripts (from

0% to 2040%) for virtually all 5ss mutants.
Conclusion: For the first time we demonstrated that 5ss mutations
inducing usage of a cryptic 5ss, not uncommon in human disease, can
be effectively counteracted by the synergistic combination of compensatory U1snRNAs and antisense molecules, thus proposing a novel
RNA-based therapeutic approach.
Blood coagulation tests I

OR301
Simultaneous measurement of thrombin generation
and fibrin formation in whole blood applying
continuous flow is indicative for the amount of blood
loss during/after cardiothoracic surgery
Pelkmans L1,2, Kelchtermans H1,2, Bouwhuis A3, Schurgers E1,2,
e MD3 and de
Lindhout T1,2, Huskens D1,2, Hemker C1,2, Lanc
1,2,4
Laat B
1
Department of Biochemistry, CARIM, Maastricht University
Medical Centre; 2Synapse BV; 3Department of Anaesthesiology,
CARIM, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht;
4
Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University
Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Background: Thrombin generation (TG) and fibrin formation (FF) do
not always go hand in hand as factor XIIa independently of thrombin
influences the crosslinking of fibrin. Flow has been shown to profoundly influence TG and FF.
Aims: The validation of an assay that is able to simultaneously measure TG and FF in whole blood under conditions of flow.
Methods: We have redesigned an air-bearing rheometer, rendering it
sensitive to measure FF based on changes in viscosity. Introduction of
a fluorescence detector allowed the measurement of TG based on the
conversion of a thrombin-sensitive substrate, while applying laminar
flow within the range of 1001200 s1.
Results: For all variables the intra-/inter-assay variation was below
15% in platelet-poor plasma (PPP) and whole blood. For the endogenous thrombin potential (ETP), peak and maximum clot strength (viscosity) we demonstrated an inverse relationship with increasing flow
rates in PPP. The addition of increasing concentrations of fibrinogen
to defibrinated plasma resulted in an increase in ETP, peak and maximum clot strength. In 70 patients undergoing cardiothoracic surgery,
TG parameters in blood samples taken pre-bypass correlated with traditional calibrated automated thrombinography parameters, whereas
FF parameters correlated with fibrinogen content and rotational
thromboelastometry parameters. Upon dividing patients into two
groups based on the median clot strength, a significant difference in
perioperative/total blood loss was established.
Conclusion: We clinically validated a method capable of simultaneously measuring TG and FF in plasma/whole blood under continuous flow, rendering our method one step closer to physiology. Our
method was sensitive enough to detect differences in fibrinogen content and revealed an effect of different flow rates on both TG and FF.
Importantly, in contrast to the traditionally used methods, our test
was indicative for the amount of blood loss during/after cardiothoracic surgery.
ABSTRACTS
OR302
A novel substrate for use in a point of care thrombin
generation assay
Qiao S, Kim PY, Ni R, Weitz JI and Gross PL
Medicine, Thrombosis and Athererosclerosis Research Institute,
Background: The uses of small molecule substrates of thrombin, such
as S2238, in whole blood are limited because of their poor specificity
and inability to distinguish thrombin inhibited by alpha-2-macroglobulin (a2M).
Aims: To develop a thrombin substrate for use in whole blood.
Methods: When thrombin cleavable sequences, such as LVPRGVNL,
were inserted between two coral proteins, cleavage, monitored by loss
of fluorescence resonance energy transfer, was slow. Sequences predicted to form an anti-parallel b-sheet added to both sides of the cleavage sequence increased the kcat/Km for thrombin by 29,000-fold
(protein termed T13). The Km of T13 for human thrombin was
5.5 lM; activated protein C cleaved T13 with 82,000-fold lower efficiency.
Results: Anion binding exosite (ABE) II RA-thrombin cleaved T13 as
well as it cleaved S2238; gamma-thrombin did not cleave T13. ABE Idirected aptamer HD1 inhibited thrombin cleavage of T13, but ABEII aptamer HD22 did not. These findings suggest an interaction
between T13 and ABE-I of thrombin. Soluble thrombomodulin
increased the Km of thrombin for T13 by 5-fold, and decreased the
kcat 5-fold. Addition of a2M inhibited the ability of thrombin to clot
plasma and to cleave T13 but not S2238.
When unanticoagulated blood, obtained from a finger-prick from a
healthy volunteer, was added to T13 in a polystyrene vessel, cleavage
of T13 was observed; with simple calculations a typical thrombin generation curve is obtained. Additions of rivaroxaban (550 lg mL1)
or apixaban (251000 lg mL1) delayed the time to peak, and reduced
the peak height and the area-under-the-curve, with higher doses blocking thrombin generation. Addition of dabigatran (25400 lg mL1)
reduced peak height and area-under-the-curve; higher doses blocked
Conclusion: We have developed a novel thrombin substrate that can
monitor thrombin generation in whole blood without a2M correction.
This allows for point-of-care determination of the presence of anticoagulants.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Qiao: None declared, P. Kim: None declared,
R. Ni: None declared, J. Weitz: None declared, P. Gross Shareholder
of: 12 Squared Diagnostics.
OR303
Factor XIa and tissue factor activity in trauma patients
Butenas S1, Gissel M1 and Park MS2
1
Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, Colchester;
2
Division of Trauma, Critical Care, and General Surgery, Mayo
Background: It has been observed that trauma patients have an elevated procoagulant activity in their plasma. To some extent, this
increased activity could be assigned to an elevated concentration of tissue factor (TF). However, in many instances there is a discrepancy
between the levels of TF measured in trauma patient plasma and
procoagulant activity observed. We hypothesized that factor (F)XIa
could be responsible for an additional procoagulant activity.
Aims: To evaluate several groups of trauma patients for the presence
of FXIa and TF in their plasma and to establish relationships between
FXIa and TF and trauma severity.
Methods: Citrate plasmas from 98 trauma patients (47 blunt, 17 penetrating and 34 thermal) were evaluated in a clotting assay for the con-
211
centration of FXIa and TF using inhibitory antibodies against FXIa

and TF.
Results: At admission (day 0), 23 patients (23%) had active TF and 46
(47%) and active FXIa in their plasmas. 19 of 23 patients (83%) with
TF activity had active FXIa as well. Some patients without FXIa or
TF activity at day 0 developed those activities in following days (days
15). A delayed occurrence of TF activity was observed in 18 patients
(18%) and that of FXIa in 17 (17%) trauma patients. There was direct
correlation between the severity of trauma and FXIa occurrence. 35 of
57 (61%) patients with the injury severity score (ISS) > 25 and only 11
of 41 (27%) with the ISS 25 had active FXIa in their plasmas.
Conclusion: The majority of trauma patients have detectable FXIa
activity in their plasma, with a significant fraction of them having TF
activity as well. The frequency of FXIa correlates with the severity of
trauma.
OR304
DRVVT as simple method for monitoring patients with
FXa inhibitors
Siegemund A, Scholz U and Siegemund T
Centre for Coagulation Disorders, Mvz Dr. Reising-Ackermann
and Partners, Leipzig, Germany
Background: Prothrombin time and aPTT are not suitable to monitor
fXa inhibitors like rivaroxaban or apixaban. Different reagents give
different results and the sensitivity is, especially at low inhibitor levels,
not sufficient. The determination of anti Xa levels is not available in
all labs, while thrombin generation measurements (TG) are expensive
and time consuming. On the other site, DRVVT (Diluted Russell
Viper Venom Time), known from Lupus anticoagulant testing, measures the conversion from fX to fXa and shows low inter-individually
differences and high sensitivity to Xa inhibition.
Aims: Aim is the description of the relationship between fXa inhibitors
and DRVVT.
Methods: The relationship between fXa inhibitors and DRVVT was
investigated in ex vivo mixing experiments as well as patients
(N = 500) with fXa inhibitor therapy. DRVVT was measured in comparison to PT, aPTT and anti Xa measurements. Additionally we calculated the thrombin concentration based on clot wave form analysis
(CWFA) from aPTT and DRVVT measurements.
Results: There is a linear relation between DRVVT and rivaroxaban
levels. DRVVT is more sensitive than TG and global routine testing
especially in low ranges. Even at levels lower than 20 ng mL1 the
DRVVT is slightly prolonged, whereas all the other tests are negative.
We observe this constellation at 2430 h after rivaroxaban application. The sensitivity of DRVVT is higher for rivaroxaban than for
apixaban. Ex vivo and in vivo results are in agreement. Thrombin concentrations calculated from CWFA can be used for direct comparison
of most anticoagulants.
Conclusion: DRVVT measurements are more sensitive than other
coagulation methods to exclude fXa inhibitors; is cost effective and
can be done to exclude rivaroxaban also in emergency units. The
reagent is very stable and has a high robustness. Further investigations
are necessary to investigate the differences in the sensitivity between
apixaban and rivaroxaban.
212
ABSTRACTS
OR305
Efficacy and mechanism of clot contraction are
determined by blood composition
Tutwiler V1,2, Litvinov RI1, Lozhkin AP3, Peshkova AD3,
Lebedeva T1, Ataullakhanov FI4, Cines DB1 and Weisel JW1
1
University of Pennsylvania; 2Drexel University, Philadelphia,
USA; 3Kazan Federal University, Kazan; 4HemaCore Ltd.,
Moscow, Russia
Background: The contraction of blood clots remains one of the least
understood aspects of hemostasis and thrombosis, despite its potential
clinical importance.
Aims: To investigate the kinetics of clot contraction and the mechanistic interplay between platelets, red blood cells (RBCs), fibrin(ogen),
factor XIIIa, and thrombin.
Methods: A novel automated optical analyzer was used to follow the
size of contracting clots.
Results: The rate and degree of clot contraction were critically
affected by variation of platelet count, RBC volume fraction, fibrinogen concentration and fibrin crosslinking, thrombin activity, and
platelet-fibrin interactions. Increasing platelet count above 250 k lL1
revealed a switch from monophasic to biphasic contraction kinetics,
reflecting complex platelet contractile machinery. Modifying the fibrin
structure through fibrinogen levels revealed that denser fibrin was
more resistant to contraction as the ability of the network to propagate the platelet contractile force was impaired. Inhibition of Factor
XIIIa-mediated crosslinking also made clots contract less. Decreasing
thrombin concentration resulted in weaker contraction, which can be
attributed to reduced myosin phosphorylation and cytoskeleton
remodeling within platelets. Comparison of clot contraction in DVT
patients untreated and treated with warfarin revealed that, in addition
to thrombin added, endogenous thrombin generation is required for
clots to contract in a normal manner. Lastly, increasing the volume
fraction of RBCs resulted in changes in the initial phase of contraction
and the final degree of contraction due to the deformable mechanical
nature of RBCs and their influence on the overall force balance of the
contracting system.
Conclusion: Collectively, these results reveal the complementary and
antagonistic roles of varying blood components in the multifactorial
mechanism of clot contraction, as well as providing a basis for understanding of the clinical significance of contraction.
Heparin and Heparinoids

OR306
In vivo characterization of anti-thrombotic and antiinflammatory properties of new synthetic, protaminereversible low molecular weight heparin
Chandarajoti K1, Sparkenbaugh E1, Key NS1, Xu Y2, Cooley B3,
Liu J2 and Pawlinski R1
1
School of Medicine; 2School of Pharmacy; 3McAllister Heart
Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill,
USA
Background: Low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) are widely
used to treat thrombotic disorders however clearance by kidney and
lack of full reversibility limit treatment options. Previously we developed an innovative chemoenzymatic method to synthesize a new synthetic polysaccharide (dodecasaccharide; 12mer) with high anti-factor
Xa (FXa) activity fully reversible with protamine.
Aims: To characterize the pharmacokinetic, anti-thrombotic and antiinflammatory properties of 12mer in vivo.
Methods: Pharmacokinetic of 12mer was determined in time course

(0.58 h, n = 4) and dose response (0.52 mg kg1, n = 4) studies
using C57Bl/6J mice. Effect of 12mer (0.6 mg kg1), unfractionated
heparin (UFH 150 U mg1), and enoxaparin (1 mg kg1) on fibrin
accumulation was analyzed in femoral vein thrombosis model induced
by electrolytic injury. We also investigated if 12mer inhibits thrombotic and inflammatory effect mediated by FXa in mouse model of
sickle cell disease. Sickle mice received s.c. injection of saline (n = 6) or
12-mer (n = 6; 2 mg kg1) every 8 h for 7 days.
Results: The half-life of the 12mer (1.5 mg kg1; s.c.) was 3 h and
12mer was cleared from the circulation by 8 h. Fibrin accumulation
was similarly reduced by 12mer (1.63 0.48), UFH (1.26 0.35) and
enoxaparin (1.39 0.85, P < 0.05 for all) compared to vehicle treated
mice (2.99 1.16; P < 0.05; relative fluorescent intensity
mean SD). Protamine reversed the anti-thrombotic effect of 12mer
and returned fibrin accumulation to normal levels (2.69 0.87;
P < 0.05 vs.12mer alone).
Finally, compared to saline, 12mer reduced plasma levels of thrombin
anti-thrombin complexes (8.2 1.4 vs. 4.4 1.3 ng mL1; P = 0.07,
mean SEM), IL-6 (5.5 1.5 vs. 1.1 0.4 pg mL1, P < 0.05) and
sVCAM1 (1.1 0.2 vs. 0.6 0.07 lg mL1, P < 0.05) in sickle mice
and blocked histone mediated ECs injury in vitro.
Conclusion: Our data indicates that chemoenzymatic synthesis offers a
promising approach to obtain new, protamine-reversible LMWHs
with high anti-coagulant and anti-inflammatory properties.
OR307
Partially desulfated heparin modulates the interactions
between anti-protamine/heparin antibodies and
platelets
llner H1, Khadour A1, Wesche J1, Fuhrmann J1,
Jouni R1, Zo
Grotevendt A2, Krauel K1, Greinacher A1 and Bakchoul T1
1
Institute for Immunology Und Transfusion Medicine; 2Institute
for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Ernst-MoritzArndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
Background: Protamine (PRT) is the standard drug to neutralize heparin. PRT/heparin complexes induce an immune response similar to
that observed in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). Partially
desulfated heparin (ODSH) was shown to interfere with anti-platelet
factor 4/heparin antibodies (Abs), which are responsible for HIT.
Aims: To analyze the impact of ODSH on the interactions between
anti-PRT/heparin IgG Abs and platelets (PLTs).
Methods: The impact of ODSH on anti-PRT/heparin Ab-induced
PLT-activation was assessed using modified heparin-induced PLT
aggregation (mHIPA) test. The ability of ODSH to prevent anti-PRT/
heparin Ab-induced PLT-destruction in vivo was investigated using the
NOD/SCID mouse model. The interaction between PRT/heparincomplexes and PLTs in the presence of ODSH was analyzed using flow
cytometry (FC).
Results: In mHIPA, PLT-activation by anti-PRT/heparin Abs was largely inhibited at a concentration higher than 16 lg mL1 (P < 0.001).
In vivo studies showed that ODSH improved PLT-survival in the presence of PRT, heparin and anti-PRT/heparin Abs (median PLT-survival with 20 lg mL1 ODSH: 75%, range 7081 vs. without ODSH:
49%, range 4459, P = 0.006). Interestingly, even when ODSH was
administrated into the mice 1 h after Abs injection PLT-survival was
higher compared to buffer (median PLT-survival with 20 lg mL1
ODSH: 83%, range 7793% vs. without ODSH: 59%, range 2961%,
p = 0.02). FC studies showed that ODSH not only inhibits complex
binding to PLTs (mean fluorescence intensity [MFI] without ODSH:
85 14 vs. 4 lg mL1 ODSH: 15 0.6, P = 0.013) but also displaces
pre-bound complexes from PLT surface (complex binding: without
ODSH: 324 43 vs. 32 lg mL1 ODSH: 53 9, P = 0.0007).
ABSTRACTS
Conclusion: Our studies demonstrate that ODSH is able to prevent
anti-PRT/heparin IgG Ab-mediated PLT-activation and -destruction
suggesting a therapeutic benefit of combining ODSH with heparin to
reduce anti-PRT/heparin Ab-mediated complications.
OR308
Thermal stability of platelet factor 4 and its complexes
with heparins studied by differential scanning
calorimetry
Delcea M, Kreimann M and Greinacher A
University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
Background: Heparins are sulfated glycans clinically used to treat
thrombotic disorders. They bind to endogenous protein platelet factor
4 (PF4) forming PF4/heparin complexes which may cause immunemediated adverse drug reactions (e.g. heparin-induced thrombocytopenia). This adverse drug reaction is likely a misdirected bacterial host
defense mechanism with platelets covered with heparin and PF4 mimicking PF4-coated bacteria. Recently, we have shown that heparins
induce changes in PF4, resulting in PF4/heparin antibody binding
(Blood 2014).
Aims: We characterize here the thermal stability of PF4 and its complexes with unfractionated heparin and heparins of defined chain
length (5-, 6-, 8-, and 16-mers).
Methods: Differential scanning calorimetry was used to investigate the
thermal stability of PF4 and PF4/heparin complexes by heating the
protein and protein/heparin complexes and measuring the temperature
dependent heat capacity of the solution. The antigenicity of PF4/heparin complexes was assessed by enzyme immunoassay with sera of
patients known to contain anti-PF4/heparin antibodies.
Results: We found that PF4 behaves as a heat-stable protein unfolding
at a melting temperature (Tm) of 96 C. Interestingly, Tm rises with
increasing PF4 concentration, indicating that PF4 unfolds in tetrameric form. A similar rise in Tm is induced when PF4 complexes with
heparin. Heparins stabilize PF4 against unfolding, resulting in increasing melting temperatures of PF4/heparin complexes. The complexes
formed by PF4 with longer heparins are antigenic (bind anti-PF4/heparin antibodies) and are more stable than those formed with non-antigenic shorter heparins. However, although very high heparin
concentrations reduce PF4/heparin antibody binding, they do not
result in a decrease of the melting temperature.
Conclusion: Thermal stability of PF4/heparin complexes is associated
with their antigenicity. Our observations are important for designing
new non-antigenic heparin-derived drugs.
OR309
Comparison of bleeding complications between AntiXa and aPTT monitoring in patients receiving
unfractionated heparin
Belk KW1, Laposata M2 and Craver CW3
1
Health Data Analytics, Medassets, Mooresville; 2Department of
Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch-Galveston,
Galveston; 3Health Data Analytics, Medassets, Huntersville, USA
Background: Antifactor Xa monitoring (Anti-Xa) has been shown to
be a more precise monitoring tool than activated partial thromboplastin (aPTT) for patients administered unfractionated heparin
(UFH) anticoagulation therapy.
Aims: The study aim was to compare bleeding complications (BC)
between Anti-Xa and aPTT monitored UFH patients.
213
Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on

patients diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome (ACS, N = 14,822),
ischemic stroke (STK, N = 1568) or with primary diagnosis of venous
thromboembolism (VTE, N = 4414) in the MedAssets data from January 2009 to December 2013. Anti-Xa and aPTT cohorts were identified
from hospital billing detail using both brand and generic name as
search criteria. Propensity score techniques were used to match AntiXa cases to aPTT controls. BCs were evaluated using protamine sulfate (PS) administration and red blood cell transfusions (RBCT) identified from hospital billing data. Multivariable logistic regression was
used to identify significant drivers of BCs.
Results: Anti-Xa patients had fewer RBCTs than aPTT patients in
ACS (7.0% vs. 24.6%, P < .0001), STK (13.8% vs. 21.9%,
P < .0001), and VTE (3.9% vs. 8.6%, P < .0001). After controlling
for patient age and gender, diagnostic risks (e.g. anemia, renal insufficiency, trauma) and invasive procedures (e.g. cardiac catheterization,
hemodialysis, coronary artery bypass graft) Anti-Xa patients were less
likely have a RBCT in ACS (OR = 0.16, CI = 0.140.18, P < .0001),
STK (OR = 0.41, CI = 0.290.57, P < .0001), and VTE (OR = 0.35,
CI = 0.260.48, P < .0001). No differences were seen in PS use
between Anti-Xa and aPTT patients in STK or VTE. In ACS, AntiXa patients had fewer PS administrations (15.5% vs. 19.8%,
P < .0001) even after controlling for patient age and gender, diagnostic risks and invasive procedures (OR = 0.60, CI = 0.520.70,
P < .0001).
Conclusion: Anti-Xa was associated with fewer complications of bleeding as manifested by a significant reduction in RBCTs when compared
to patients monitored by aPTT alone.
Disclosure of Interest: K. Belk Grant/Research Support from: Instrumentation Laboratory, M. Laposata Consultant for: Instrumentation
Laboratory, C. Craver Grant/Research Support from: Instrumentation Laboratory.
OR310
Prophylactic enoxaparin in critically ill patients with
severe renal insufficiency
Castellucci LA1,2,3, Shaw J3, Acres S2, Porteous R2, Gomes B1,
Watpool I2, Edwards C1, Giulivi A1, Carrier M1,2,3 and Patel R1,2
1
The Ottawa Hospital; 2Ottawa Hospital Research Institute;
3
University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
Background: In patients with severe renal insufficiency, enoxaparin
30 mg daily is the recommended dosing regimen to avoid potential
bio-accumulation. To date, no study has evaluated the safety of using
enoxaparin 30 mg daily in critically ill patients with severe renal insufficiency.
Aims: To determine whether the use of enoxaparin prophylaxis at
30 mg daily in critically ill patients with severe renal insufficiency (creatinine clearance (CrCl) 30 mL min1) is associated with clinically
significant bio-accumulation.
Methods: In this prospective single-center cohort study, we included
patients > 18 years who were expected to be admitted to intensive care
(ICU) for 72 h with a CrCl of 30 mL min1. The primary outcome was bio-accumulation defined as a trough anti-Xa level above
0.40 IU mL1. Trough anti-Xa levels were measured on days 14, 7,
and 10. Secondary outcome measures included major bleeding episodes and venous thromboembolic events.
Results: Twenty patients with median age of 62 years (range 4186)
and median APACHE II score of 30 (range 1745) were enrolled. The
median CrCl was 25 mL min1 (range 830 mL min1) at enrolment.
Fifteen patients received dialysis during ICU stay. Trough anti-Xa levels were measured on 75 occasions. No bio-accumulation of enoxaparin was detected and 95% of anti-Xa levels were undetectable
(< 0.10 IU mL1). One patient received blood transfusion on study
day 10 for progressive anaemia associated with rectal bleeding and
214
ABSTRACTS
bleeding at dialysis catheter site; the trough anti-Xa level was

0.26 IU mL1. There were no thrombotic events.
Conclusion: Our study suggests that a thromboprophylactic dose of enoxaparin 30 mg daily in critically ill patients with severe renal insufficiency does not seem to bio-accumulate. The clinical efficacy and
safety profile remains to be assessed.
Microparticles II
OR311
Leucocytes MPs promote clot dissolution in a uPA/
uPAR dependant manner
Cointe S, Lacroix R, Robert S, Judicone C, Panicot-Dubois L,
Dubois C and Dignat-George F
Inserm 1076, Marseille, France
Background: Microparticles (MPs) are small vesicles well known for
their procoagulant properties. We recently reported a profibrinolytic
function of MPs supported by circulating leukocytes derived MPs
(Leu-MPs), able to generate plasmin (MP-PGC) via the urokinase
(uPA) system.
Aims: Therefore, we hypothesized that Leu-MPs may promote clot dissolution. To that aim, using fibrinolysis models, we investigated the
lytic capability of MPs derived from myeloid cells, in vitro and ex vivo.
Methods: MPs generated in inflammatory conditions were purified
from 1/linear myeloid human cells (myel-MPs), 2/bacterial endotoxinstimulated blood (tox-MPs), 3/plasma from sepsis patients (seps-MPs)
with three levels of MP-PGC. Their lytic effect on a clot formed in vitro
was investigated using 1/a fluorescent clot lysis test and 2/a lysis front
retraction assay by video fluorescent microscopy.
Results: Compared to a negative control, we observed that myel- and
tox-MPs induce a significant dose- and time-dependent increase of
fluorescent release from clot (2100 1600 a.u. vs. 520 120 a.u. at
5.106 MPs per 24 h, respectively, P < 0.05). These MPs also promote
a significant MP-dependent retraction of lysis front (63 42%
vs. 9 4% lysed area, at 106 MPs per 48 h, P < 0.05). Interestingly,
seps-MPs also promote clot dissolution according to the level of MPPGC. This effect was mediated by Leu-MPs, as demonstrated by specific MPs subpopulations depletion experiments. Moreover, this lytic
activity was significantly decreased in presence of inhibitors such as
a2-antiplasmin or an anti-uPA antibody. Interestingly, the lytic effect
was amplified when uPA receptors on the MP surface were saturated
by exogenous uPA (1750 600 lm2 min1 vs. 930 300 lm2 min1,
at 48 h, P < 0.05).
Conclusion: Altogether, this work demonstrated that Leu-MPs promote clot dissolution in a uPA/uPAR-dependent manner. Although
these results need to be confirmed in vivo, this MP-dependent fibrinolytic activity may counterbalance their well- described procoagulant
activity.
OR312
The change of the amount of circulating microparticles
and their association to the general atherosclerotic
burden after acute coronary syndrome
Christersson C1, Jonelid B1, Thulin A2 and Siegbahn A2
1
Cardiology; 2Clinical Chemistry, Department of Medical
Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
Background: Circulating microparticles (MPs) are formed upon activation and might be used as biomarkers for risk stratification in coronary
artery disease but little is known of the change of the MPs concentrations after an acute coronary syndrome (ACS).
Aims: To evalute the change of MPs up to 2 years after ACS.
Methods: One hundred and five patients with ACS were included in an
observational platelet study and followed for 2 years. MPs were evaluated in whole blood by flow cytometry at inclusion, after 12 weeks,
3 months, 1 and 2 years. The general atherosclerotic burden was
examined by coronary angiogram, ultrasound of the carotid arteries
and ankle-brachial index for determination of peripheral atherosclerosis.
Results: The mean age was 68 10 years in the ACS group and 48%
had a non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction as the index event. 97%
and 95% were treated with aspirin and P2Y12-receptor blocking
agent, respectively. The type of ACS was not related to the concentrations of platelet, endothelial or monocyte derived MPs. The majority
of the circulating MPs, 2894 (22623950)/10,000 platelets, expressed
CD41 and their concentration did not change during the first year
after the ACS. The concentrations of CD62P+, CD144 + and
CD14 + MPs were low and did not change significantly during the
first year. 2 years after the ACS the levels of CD41 + and
CD62P+MPs were increased compared to the other time-points
(P < 0.0001). Patients with manifest atherosclerosis in the coronary,
carotid and peripheral arteries had higher concentrations of platelet
derived MPs (P = 0.010.03) despite treatment with double platelet
inhibition after the ACS.
Conclusion: In an ACS population the majority of MPs are platelet
derived and there is no dynamic change of concentrations during the
first year after the acute event. Patients with an increased general atherosclerotic burden have higher amounts of circulating platelet derived
MPs and further research regarding optimal antithrombotic treatment
in this group of patients is warranted.
OR313
Decreased microparticle-associated tissue factor
activity in morbid obese patients after bariatric surgery
Thaler J1, Ay L2, Brix JM2, Schernthaner G1, Ay C1,
Schernthaner G2 and Pabinger I1
1
Medizinische Universit
at Wien; 2Rudolfstiftung, Wien, Austria
Background: Tissue factor (TF) is the main in vivo initiator of the
blood coagulation cascade. Active circulating TF was detected on
small negatively charged membrane vesicles, so called microparticles
(MPs), which are released upon cell activation and apoptosis from a
variety of cells. Increased coagulation activation was found in morbid
obese patients and elevated levels of TF-bearing MPs may contribute
to the prothrombotic state in these patients.
Aims: To determine MP-associated TF activity levels in morbid obese
patients before and after weight loss due to bariatric surgery.
Methods: MP-TF activity was measured with a factor Xa generation
assay in morbid obese patients before and 2 years after bariatic surgery. In addition, clinical parameters were determined.
Results: Seventy-four morbid obese patients (mean age: 42 (11)
years; 61 female) were included in this study. After bariatic surgery the
body mass index decreased from (mean SD) 47 6 to
32 7 kg m (P < 0.001) and a significant improvement of metabolic parameters was observed. Postoperatively the mean MP-TF
activity decreased significantly from 0.32 0.43 pg mL1 to
0.18 0.41 pg mL1 (P = 0.042). Preoperative MP-TF activity correlated with CRP levels (r = 0.3; P = 0.02).
Conclusion: We could demonstrate a significant decrease of MP-TF
activity after weight loss in morbid obese patients. Decreased MP-TF
activity might contribute to an improved coagulation profile of morbid
obese patients after weight loss.
ABSTRACTS
OR314
Proteolytic activity of circulating microparticles from
ischemic stroke patients revealed by single particle
laser scanning confocal microscopy
Lizarrondo SMD1, Briens A1, Parcq J1, Montaner J2, Vivien D1 and
Gauberti M1
1
Serine Proteases and Pathophysiology of the neurovascular unit,
INSERM UMR-S 919, Caen, France; 2Vall dHebron Institute of
Research (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
Background: Cell-derived microparticles (MPs) are released as a
response to cell-activation in all body fluids. Recently, the presence of
proteases at the MPs surface has been described in several diseases.
Given the suspected roles of these MPs in vascular biology, their characterization in patients with thrombosis-related disorders may be of
diagnostic and prognostic values.
Aims: Since classical methods of MPs detection are unable to measure
the proteolytic activity of protease-bearing MPs, we developed a laserscanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) method that allows in situ
detection and quantification of the individual MPs proteolytic
potential. Then, in order to investigate its feasibility in pathological
conditions, we studied fibrinolytic-MPs in ischemic stroke patients
during the acute phase: before, during and after tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) infusion.
Methods: MPs were purified from different cultured cell-lines and
plasma samples by sequential ultra-centrifugation, as previously
reported and then, fluorescently labelled, surface-immobilised and
detected using high-resolution LSCM.
Results: There was a linear relationship between surface-immobilized
MPs number, concentration and size, confirming the feasibility to
quantify MPs in fluids over a wide concentration. Then, we detected
tPA and plasmin activity (by specific fluorogenic substrates) at the surface of purified MPs from different cultured cell-lines overexpressing
tPA. Lastly, we purified MPs from plasma samples from a cohort of
ischemic stroke patients. We demonstrated that i) a low concentration
of tPA-bearing MPs is present in ischemic stroke patients during the
acute phase, ii) this concentration transiently increases after tPAinduced thrombolysis and iii) tPA-bearing MPs display proteolytic
activity and are able to generate active plasmin.
Conclusion: Therefore, this novel method unveils tPA-bearing MPs as
potential fibrinolytic players during acute ischemic stroke and after
thrombolysis.
215
OR315
Detection of procoagulant and profibrinolytic epcampositive microparticles in pleural fluid: a new approach
for the diagnosis of the tumoral origin of pleural
effusions
Roca E1,2,3, Lacroix R1,4, Judicone C5, laroumagne S2, Robert S1,
Cointe S1,6, Muller A7, Kaspi E8, Roll P8, Brisson A9, Tantucci C3,
Astoul P2 and Dignat-George F1
1
VRCM, UMR-S1076, Aix-Marseille University; 2Division of
Thoracic Oncology, Pleural Diseases, and Interventional
^pital Nord, Marseille, France; 3Cattedra
Pulmonology, APHM, Ho
di Malattie dellApparato Respiratorio, Universit
a degli Studi di
Brescia, Brescia, Italy; 4Haematology and vascular biology
^pital de la Conception; 5R and T
department, APHM, ho
department, BioCytex; 6Haematology and Vascular Biology,
^pital de la Conception; 7R et T Department, BioCytex;
APHM, Ho
8
^ pital de la Timone;
Service de Biologie Cellulaire, APHM, Ho
9
UMR-CBMN, University of Bordeaux-CNRS-IPB, Marseille,
France
Background: Non-invasive biomarkers for discriminating benign from
malignant pleurisies are needed. Tumor cells produce microparticles.
Aims: Therefore, we hypothesized that tumor-derived microparticles
could be present in the pleural liquid and could help to identify
patients with malignant pleural effusions by a non-invasive method.
Methods: Fifty patients with pleural effusions were included in this
study. Among them, 39 consecutive patients had a histologically confirmed tumor (adenocarcinoma (ADK), n = 17 or non-ADK neoplasia, n = 22) and 11 patients with a non-tumoral pleural effusion.
Microparticles were enumerated by high sensitive flow cytometry and
ELISA. MP-dependent tissue factor activity and the MP-dependent
plasmin generation capacity of these MP was evaluated according to
their cellular origin.
Results: Using highly sensitive flow cytometry and cryo-electron
microscopy, this study showed the presence of large amount of microparticles in pleural effusions. Among them, we demonstrated the presence of tumor-derived microparticles expressing EpCAM (epithelialcell-adhesion-molecule) in the pleural fluids from ADK patients. In
our cohort, no benign pleurisies (0/11) contained EpCAM+ MPs. In
contrast, EpCAM+ MPs were found in 11/39 malignant pleurisies.
These EpCAM+MPs were both highly procoagulant and profibrinolytic. Interestingly 3 of the ADK patients were negative by cytology.
Thus, the detection of procoagulant and profibrinoytic EpCAM-positive microparticles was shown to be useful as a tool to complement
cytology for better diagnoses of malignant pleurisies.
Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first work to directly identify
tumoral microparticles in pleural liquids using EpCAM associated
with coagulolytic functional assays. This study establishes the basis for
a potential biomarker for diagnosing and monitoring malignant pleurisy.
Disclosure of Interest: E. Roca: None declared, R. Lacroix Grant/
Research Support from: Diagnostica Stago, C. Judicone Employee of:
BioCytex, S. laroumagne: None declared, S. Robert: None declared, S.
Cointe: None declared, A. Muller Employee of: BioCytex, E. Kaspi:
None declared, P. Roll: None declared, A. Brisson: None declared, C.
Tantucci: None declared, P. Astoul: None declared, F. Dignat-George:
None declared.
216
ABSTRACTS
Non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants

and reversal
OR316
Thrombotic safety of a four-factor prothrombin
complex concentrate (Beriplex P/N) for edoxaban
reversal in a rabbit model
Herzog E1, Kaspereit F1, Krege W1, Doerr B1, Morishima Y2 and
Dickneite G1
1
CSL Behring GmbH, Marburg, Germany; 2Daiichi Sankyo,
Tokyo, Japan
Background: In vivo animal data have shown four-factor prothrombin
complex concentrate (4F-PCC) to be effective in preventing bleeding
induced by excessive plasma levels of the new oral anticoagulants
(NOAC) including the target specific FXa inhibitor edoxaban.
Aims: This study was designed to determine the risk of thrombosis
associated with administration of a 4F-PCC within the context of edoxaban reversal.
Methods: The thrombogenicity of a 4F-PCC (Beriplex P/N) was
assessed in female New Zealand White rabbits using a modified Wessler stasis model. Animals received the maximum clinical dose of 4FPCC (50 IU kg1) or multiples thereof (300 IU kg1) followed by
intravenous administration of the direct factor Xa inhibitor edoxaban
(300, 600 lg kg1) into the contralateral ear vein. Administration of
isotonic saline was used as negative control. FEIBA NF 500 E
(50 U kg1) served as the positive control. Shortly after infusion,
venous stasis was induced in an isolated jugular vein segment over
30 min followed by determination of thrombosis score and wet
weight.
Results: Following venous stasis, no clotting was observed after isotonic saline infusion or 50 IU kg1 4F-PCC, whereas fully occlusive
clots formed after FEIBA treatment. Non-occlusive clots developed
after treatment with supratherapeutic 4F-PCC doses of 300 IU kg1.
Co-administration of edoxaban (600 lg kg1) fully inhibited clot formation in all animals tested (P < 0.01).
Conclusion: This study indicates no thrombogenic signal after treatment with the 4F-PCC studied when dosed within the clinical dose
range. The presence of edoxaban reduced the thrombogenicity of
supra-therapeutic 4F-PCC doses confirming similar data previously
generated for dabigatran co-administration. Therefore, the risk of
thrombosis appears to be constrained both by residual NOAC levels
present and the composition of the 4F-PCC evaluated.
Disclosure of Interest: E. Herzog Employee of: Employee of CSL Behring GmbH, F. Kaspereit Employee of: Employee of CSL Behring
GmbH, W. Krege Employee of: Employee of CSL Behring GmbH, B.
Doerr Employee of: Employee of CSL Behring GmbH, Y. Morishima
Employee of: Employee of Daiichi Sankyo, G. Dickneite Employee of:
Employee of CSL Behring GmbH.
OR317
Reversing the effect of rivaroxaban an in-vitro study
Schultz N1, Tran HTT1, Henriksson C2, LeBlanc M3, Bjoernsen S1,
Sandset PM1,4 and Holme PA1,4
1
Research Institute of Internal Medicine; 2Department of med
Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital; 3Department of
Biostatistics, University of Oslo; 4Department of Haematology,
Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
Background: Specific antidotes to reverse the anticoagulant effect of
non-Vit K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are not available,
and prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC), activated PCC (aPCC)
and recombinant factor VIIa (rVIIa) are variously used as surrogate in

case of bleeding.
An increasing numbers of patients are treated with DOACs, but the
optimal way to reverse their effect in case of bleeding is not known.
Aims: To detect the most effective haemostatic agent and appropriate
dose for reversal of the anticoagulant effect of rivaroxaban.
Methods: Blood added with CTI from 29 patients on rivaroxaban were
spiked with PCC, aPCC and rVIIa at concentrations imitating 80%,
100% and 125% of the recommended therapeutic doses (40 IU, 50 IU
and 90 lg kg1). The reversal effect was assessed by thrombin generation assay in platelet poor plasma and thrombelastography in whole
blood. Healthy subjects (n = 33) were used as controls.
Results: Clotting time in whole blood and lag time in plasma were significantly prolonged in rivaroxaban patients compared to controls
(1142s vs. 739s and 2.9 min vs. 8.9 min). ETP and peak height in
plasma were reduced (1344 nM min1 vs. 659 nM min1 and
157.4 nM vs. 24.2 nM). Other measured parameters were not affected.
All tested haemostatic agents improved coagulation measurements at
least to the level of the controls. The maximum effect was obtained by
aPCC at 100% of the recommended dose where CT, LT, ETP and
peak exceeded the control values. Reducing the aPCC dose to 80%
diminished the difference in CT and ETP significantly, but it was still
more effective than the other haemostatic agents. Increasing the dose
to 125% did not improve the effect.
Conclusion: aPCC reversed the parameters affected by Rivaroxaban
more effectively than PCC and rFVIIa. These data may suggest that
an aPCC dose corresponding to 3050 IU kg1 is the preferred treatment option in case of life-threatening bleeds.
Disclosure of Interest: N. Schultz Grant/Research Support from: Bayer, H. T. T. Tran: None declared, C. Henriksson: None declared, M.
LeBlanc: None declared, S. Bjoernsen: None declared, P. M. Sandset:
None declared, P. A. Holme: None declared.
OR318
Andexanet alfa but not four-factor prothrombin
complex concentrate reverses rivaroxaban-induced
anticoagulation as measured by reduction in blood loss
in a rabbit liver laceration model
Pine P1, Hollenbach SJ2, DeGuzman F1, Tan S1, Malinowsky J1,
Pratikhya P3, Lu G3, Curnutte JT4 and Conley PB3
1
Pharmacology, Portola Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San
Francisco; 2Research and Development, Novan Therapeutics, Inc.,
Durham; 3Biology; 4Research and Development, Portola
Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, USA
Background: Andexanet alfa (AnXa) is a modified recombinant Factor
Xa (fXa) derivative that reverses fXa inhibitor-mediated anticoagulation in animals and humans by binding direct fXa inhibitors. AnXa
reduces anti-fXa activity and the plasma free fraction of fXa inhibitors, restoring hemostasis as evidenced by normal thrombin generation
and correction of PT and aPTT (Lu et al., Nat. Med 2013). As the use
of direct fXa inhibitors has increased, so has the need for an antidote
to reverse bleeding as none is currently approved.
Aims: The objective of these studies was to compare the activity of
Kcentra, a 4-factor prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) to
AnXa in reversing rivaroxaban (riva) anticoagulation in a rabbit
model of bleeding, as assessed by coagulation markers and blood loss
(BL). While Kcentra has been approved by the FDA for use in warfarin-treated patients with over-anticoagulation or bleeding, the potential use of PCCs in the reversal of bleeding in fXa inhibitor-treated
patients is less clear and likely pro-coagulant.
Methods: NZW rabbits were treated with riva (IV, 1 mg kg1) and
30 min later, either PCC (25 or 50 IU kg1) or AnXa (75 mg per rabbit) was administered IV. Liver injury was then induced with 10 1-cm
incisions following laparotomy, and BL was measured for 15 min.
ABSTRACTS
Plasma levels of AnXa, riva, and anti-fXa activity, and PT, and aPTT
were determined.
Results: AnXa reduced BL by > 80% in riva-anticoagulated rabbits,
similar to what was observed in previous studies. Significant reversal
of BL, anti-fXa activity, PT and aPTT was observed in rabbits treated
with AnXa (P < 0.05 vs. riva), and riva was redistributed from the
extravascular to the intravascular compartment. Therapeutic doses of
PCCs had no effect on any of these markers in riva-anticoagulated
rabbits (P > 0.05 vs. riva).
Conclusion: Andexanet alfa was shown to be a highly effective antidote
to address bleeding due to riva anticoagulation. In contrast, Kcentra
showed no reversal activity in this model as assessed by BL or pharmacodynamics markers.
Disclosure of Interest: P. Pine Shareholder of: Portola Pharmaceuticals,
Inc., Employee of: Portola Pharmaceuticals, Inc., S. Hollenbach: None
declared, F. DeGuzman Employee of: Portola Pharmaceuticals, Inc., S.
Tan Employee of: Portola Pharmaceuticals, Inc., J. Malinowsky
Employee of: Portola Pharmaceuticals, Inc., P. Pratikhya Employee of:
Portola Pharmaceuticals, Inc., G. Lu Shareholder of: Portola Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Employee of: Portola Pharmaceuticals, Inc., J. Curnutte
Shareholder of: Portola Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Employee of: Portola
Pharmaceuticals, Inc., P. Conley Shareholder of: Portola Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Employee of: Portola Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
OR319
Reversal of targeted anticoagulants by complexes of
alpha-2-macroglobulin with thrombin and factor Xa
Monroe DM and Chang J-Y
Hematology/Oncology, University of North Carolina, Chapel
Hill, USA
Background: Drugs to reduce coagulation function are a mainstay of
antithrombotic therapy. Recently developed therapies have used oral
anticoagulants that target the active sites of thrombin (FIIa) or factor
Xa (FXa). Existing coagulation tests are being adapted to measure
plasma levels of these drugs but have not settled on a defined standard
test.
Aims: The aim of these studies is to test the ability of complexes of
FIIa and FXa with alpha-2-macroglobulin to bind to these targeted
anticoagulants.
Methods: Rivaroxaban, which targets FXa, was isolated from tablets
by ethanol extraction. The active form of dabigatran (BIBR 953),
which targets FIIa, was purchased from Selleck (Houston, TX).
Alpha-2-macroglobulin (a2M) was purified from plasma; FIIa and
FXa were also plasma derived. a2M complexes with FIIa (a2M-IIa)
and FXa (a2M-Xa) were made by incubating the enzymes with a2M.
The complex was purified away from uncomplexed molecules by ion
exchange chromatography. Bleeding was assessed in mice by injury to
the saphenous vein.
Results: a2M-IIa and a2M-Xa cleaved their respective synthetic substrates. a2M-IIa cleavage of synthetic substrate was blocked by dabigatran, but not by rivaroxaban or antithrombin/heparin. a2M-Xa
cleavage of synthetic substrate was blocked by rivaroxaban, but not by
dabigatran, TFPI, or antithrombin/heparin (LMWH). Dabigatran
binding to a2M-IIa and rivaroxaban binding to a2M-Xa, as measured
by competition with substrate cleavage, was dose dependent with a dissociation constant similar to that observed for the uncomplexed
enzyme. Bleeding was induced in mice by administration of dabigatran
or rivaroxaban. a2M-IIa corrected bleeding induced by dabigatran
and a2M-Xa corrected bleeding induced by rivaroxaban.
Conclusion: Complexes of thrombin and factor Xa with alpha-2-macroblobulin can assay for the presence and level of targeted oral anticoagulant agents, even in the presence of heparin. These complexes can
reverse bleeding associated with the targeted anticoagulants.
217
OR320
Idarucizumab does not have prothrombotic effects:
assessment of coagulation markers in healthy
volunteers
Stangier J1, Schmohl M1, Glund S1, Harada A2, Imazu S2, De
Smet M3, Moschetti V4, Ramael S5, Ikushima I6, Gruenenfelder F4
and Reilly P7
1
Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KG, Biberach,
Germany; 2Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan;
3
SCS Boehringer Ingelheim Comm. V, Clinical Operations,
Brussels, Belgium; 4Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co
KG, Ingelheim, Germany; 5SGS Life Science Services, Clinical
Pharmacology Unit, Antwerp, Belgium; 6Sumida Hospital, LTA
Medical Corp, Tokyo, Japan; 7Boehringer Ingelheim
Pharmaceutical Inc., Ridgefield, USA
Background: Idarucizumab, a specific dabigatran reversal agent, has
shown immediate, complete, and sustained reversal of dabigatraninduced anticoagulation in healthy volunteers including in the elderly
and in those with renal impairment.
Aims: There is evidence that certain reversal agents for anticoagulants
can exhibit prothrombotic effects during use, which may lead to complications. An optimal reversal agent should therefore not exhibit this
effect. For this reason we assessed the effect of idarucizumab on the
following biomarkers, indicative for a possible prothrombotic state:
thrombin generation (TG), D-dimer, and prothrombin fragment 1.2
(F1.2) levels. Samples from two phase I, placebo-controlled clinical trials in Caucasian and Japanese subjects were used.
Methods: The effect of 4 g and 8 g of idarucizumab or placebo on TG
in plasma was measured by calibrated automated thrombogram before
and after the infusion in 8 volunteers per dose group. TG over time
was characterized by lag time, time to peak, peak height and area
under the curve (AUC). Levels of D-dimer and F1.2 were assessed up
to 72 h after the end of infusion of 18 g idarucizumab using validated
ELISA methods. Ethics committee approval and subjects0 informed
consent were obtained.
Results: There were no differences in TG (lag time, time to peak, peak
height and AUC) vs. baseline and placebo, at 15 min, 4 h and 8 h
after the end of idarucizumab infusion. In both the Japanese and the
Caucasian group, D-dimer and F1.2 levels measured over 72 h after
infusion of up to 8 g idarucizumab did not change significantly compared to placebo. Levels in samples from the Caucasian study were
more variable than in the Japanese study.
Conclusion: Administration of idarucizumab to healthy volunteers did
not show any effect on prothrombotic biomarkers, suggesting that idarucizumab does not have a prothrombotic effect. RE-VERSE AD,
an ongoing clinical trial, may provide the clinical data to support this
finding.
Disclosure of Interest: J. Stangier Employee of: Boehringer Ingelheim,
M. Schmohl Employee of: Boehringer Ingelheim, S. Glund Employee
of: Boehringer Ingelheim, A. Harada Employee of: Boehringer Ingelheim, S. Imazu Employee of: Boehringer Ingelheim, M. De Smet
Employee of: Boehringer Ingelheim, V. Moschetti Employee of: Boehringer Ingelheim, S. Ramael Employee of: SGS Life Science Services,
I. Ikushima Employee of: Medical Co. LTA Sumida Hospital, F.
Gruenenfelder Employee of: Boehringer Ingelheim, P. Reilly
Employee of: Boehringer Ingelheim.
218
ABSTRACTS
epidemiology III
OR321
Prognostic significance of asymptomatic deep vein
thrombosis in patients presenting with acute
symptomatic pulmonary embolism
Jimenez D1, Castejon B1, Lobo JL2, Portillo AK1, Nieto R1,
Yusen RD3 and on behalf of The PROTECT investigators
1
Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Irycis, Madrid; 2Hospital Universitario
Araba, Vitoria, Spain; 3Washington University School of
Medicine, St. Louis, USA
Background: Concomitant deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in patients
with acute pulmonary embolism (PE) has a higher short-term risk for
all-cause death, PE-related death, and recurrent VTE than patients
solely diagnosed with PE.
Aims: To assess whether PE patients with concomitant asymptomatic
DVT have an increased risk of short-term complications.
Methods: We prospectively examined 820 normotensive patients with
PE enrolled in the multicenter PROTECT study. Patients underwent
bilateral lower extremity venous compression ultrasonography
(CCUS) to assess for concomitant DVT. The primary study outcome,
all-cause mortality, and the secondary outcome of PE-specific mortality were assessed during the first month of follow-up after PE diagnosis. Multivariate logistic regression adjusted for significant covariates.
Results: Of 820 patients diagnosed with PE, 46% (375/820) had concomitant DVT, and signs or symptoms of DVT were absent in 51%
(193 of 375 patients) of these patients. Overall, 37 out of 820 patients
died (4.5%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.1% to 5.9%). Eleven
patients (11 of 820 patients; 1.3%; 95% CI, 0.6% to 2.1%) died from
PE, and 26 (26 of 820 patients; 3.2%; 95% CI, 2.0% to 4.4%) died
from other causes. Other causes of death consisted of cancer (1.2%; 10
of 820 patients), congestive heart failure (0.5%; 4 of 820 patients),
respiratory failure (0.4%; 3 of 820 patients), major bleeding (0.4%; 3
of 820 patients), and miscellaneous diseases (0.7%; 6 of 820 patients).
Patients with concomitant asymptomatic DVT had an increased allcause mortality (odds ratio [OR] 2.77; 95% CI, 1.355.67; P = 0.005)
and PE-specific mortality (OR 7.11; 95% CI, 1.4235.53; P = 0.02).
No variables showed evidence of confounding for the effect of asymptomatic DVT on the outcome undergoing analysis.
Conclusion: In stable patients with an episode of acute symptomatic
PE, the presence of concomitant asymptomatic DVT is an independent
predictor of death in the ensuing month after diagnosis.
OR322
The increased risk of arterial cardiovascular disease in
patients with prior venous thrombosis is not explained
through elevated levels of procoagulant factors
Yap ES1, Timp JF2, van Hylckama Vlieg A2, Rosendaal FR2,
Cannegieter SC2 and Lijfering WM2
1
Haematology-oncology, National University Cancer Institute,
Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; 2Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden
Background: Patients with venous thrombosis (VT) are at increased
risk of subsequent arterial cardiovascular disease (CVD) which is at
least in part explained by common etiological risk factors.
Aims: We aimed to explore whether common etiological risk factors
are associated with levels of procoagulant factors (factor VIII[FVIII],
von Willebrand factor [vWF] and fibrinogen), and whether therela-
tionship between these risk factorsand subsequent CVD could be

explained through procoagulant factors in patients with VT.
Methods: We used data from the MEGA follow up study in which
patients with VT were followed for an average of 5.5 years, completed
detailed questionnaires on risk factors for VT and CVD and had blood
taken. Linear and Cox regression analyses were used to analyze the
relations between risk factors (malignancy, raised BMI, smoking,
chronic illnesses, dyslipidemia, impaired kidney function and diabetes), procoagulant factor levels and risk of CVD.
Results: In 2178 VT patients, 50 CVD events occurred for an incidence
rate of 3.8 per 1000 person years (95% CI, 2.85.0). The presence of
all tested risk factors, except for smoking, was associated with elevated
levels of FVIII, vWF and fibrinogen. There was a stepwise increase in
risk of CVD with increasing procoagulant factor levels, with the highest hazard ratios in the > 97.5th percentile:2.2 (95% CI: 0.85.6) for
FVIII, 5.8 (95% CI: 1.325.3) for vWF and 11.8 (95% CI: 3.639.3)
for fibrinogen compared with patients with levels of these factors at
the 25th percentile. Additionally, every common risk factor was (as
expected) associated with an increased risk of CVD but adjustments
for procoagulant factors in a mediation analysis did not attenuate the
aforementioned relationship.
Conclusion: In patients with previous VT, common risk factors were
associated with increased procoagulant factor levels. However, these
were not causally related with CVD but may be markers of resultant
endothelial damage and inflammation.
OR323
Incidence of venous thromboembolism in western
france: comparison between 1998 and 2013
Delluc A1, Tromeur C1, Le Moigne E1, Couturaud F1, Le Gal G2,
Bressollette L1, Gouillou M2, Lacut K2, Mottier D2 and on behalf
of EPI GETBO 3 Study group
1
EA 3878 D
epartement de m
edecine interne et pneumologie;
2
INSERM CIC 1412, CHRU de Brest, Brest, France
Background: In 1998, in a well-defined geographic area of Western
France, we estimated the overall annual incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) [Oger E. Thromb Haemost 2000]. Since then, population characteristics and VTE management have changed.
Aims: To estimate the incidence of VTE in 2013, and to compare it to
that of 1998.
Methods: Using the same diagnostic criteria in the same geographic
area than in 1998, we prospectively recorded all cases of pulmonary
embolism (PE) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the lower limbs
diagnosed between March 1st, 2013 and February 28th, 2014 in hospitals and in the community. The 2013 incidence rates of VTE were compared with those of 1998 using age- and sex-specific standardized
incidence ratios (SIRs).
Results: In 2013, we recorded 576 VTE cases (279 isolated DVT and
297 PE DVT). Among 367,911 inhabitants, the incidence of VTE
was 1.57 per 1000 (95% Confidence Interval (CI), 1.441.69); the incidence of isolated DVT was 0.76 per 1000 (95% CI, 0.670.85) and that
of PE (DVT) was 0.81 per 1000 (95% CI, 0.720.90). In 1998, incidences per 1000 inhabitants were 1.83 (95% CI, 1.691.98) for VTE,
1.24 (95% CI, 1.121.36) for DVT and 0.60 (95% CI, 0.520.69) for
PE. Standardization showed that the overall VTE incidence was significantly lower in 2013 as compared with 1998 (SIR 0.72 (95% CI 0.67
0.79)) as well as the incidence of isolated DVT (SIR 0.53 (95% CI
0.470.60)); conversely, the incidence of PE (DVT) was unchanged
(SIR 1.10 (95% CI, 0.981.23)) but the incidence of isolated PE was
increased (SIR 1.29 (95% CI, 1.101.52)). In 1998, 4.4% of PE cases
were diagnosed using CT scan, 31.9% based on the association of
proximal DVT and clinical signs of PE, and 62.7% using V/Q scan as
ABSTRACTS
compared with 73.7%, 11.5%, and 14.9% in 2013, respectively
(P < 0.001).
Conclusion: Between 1998 and 2013, we observed a reduction in the
incidence of VTE related to lower rates of DVT; PE incidence
remained unchanged.
OR324
Risk factors for venous thromboembolism in women
under combined oral contraceptive: the pill genetic risk
monitoring (PILGRIM) study
Suchon P1,2, Frouh FA2, Henneuse A1,2, Ibrahim M1, Brunet D1,
et DA3,4,5 and
Barthet M-C1, Aillaud M-F1,2, Alessi M-C1,2, Tregou
1,2
Morange P-E
1
^pitaux
Service dhematologie biologique, Assistance publique Ho
de Marseille; 2UMR 1062 NORT, Aix-Marseille University,
Marseille; 3Unite Mixte de Recherche en Sant
e (UMR_S) 1166,
Institut National pour la Sant
e et la Recherche M
edicale
(INSERM); 4UMR_S 1166 Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of
Cardiovascular Diseases, Sorbonne Universit
es, Universit
e Pierre
et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 06); 5Institute for
Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Paris, France
Background: Identifying women at risk of venous thromboembolism
(VTE) under combined oral contraceptives (COC) is a major public
health issue.
Aims: To identify determinants of VTE risk in a large cohort of
women under COC and to evaluate the accuracy of a Family History
Score (FHS) to detect inherited thrombophilia.
Methods: All women with a personal history of VTE under COC and
all women under COC with no personal history of VTE addressed to
the referral center for thrombophilia in Marseille, France, from 2003
to 2013 were included. Environmental risk factors for VTE were
recorded and a thrombophilia screening was performed together with
ABO blood group assessment. The FHS was calculated by dividing
the number of first-degree relatives who had had an episode of VTE by
the total number of first-degree relatives.
Results: One thousand and two cases and 884 controls were included.
After adjusting for age, family history, type and duration of COC use,
tobacco consumption and Body Mass Index (BMI) were associated
with VTE. Odds ratio (OR) was 1.34 (95% confidence interval 1.03
1.76) when consuming 114 cigarettes a day (cig day1), 1.50 (1.03
2.22) between 15 and 24 cig day1, 2.33 (0.5812.46) between 25 and
34 cig day1 and 9.03 (1.9865.54) beyond. OR was 1.65 (1.232.22)
for a BMI 25 and < 30 kg m2, 2.90 (1.814.79) for a BMI 30 and
< 35 kg m2, and 4.12 (2.188.34) for a BMI > 35 kg m2. In addition, severe heritable thrombophilia (OR = 2.23 [1.393.66]) and nonO blood groups (OR = 1.85 [1.492.29]) were genetic risk factors for
VTE. The FHS had a very low sensitivity (12%) and didnt discriminate severe thrombophilia (% of cases with severe thrombophilia 6.9;
7.3 and 9.3 in FHS 0.1; 0.1 < FHS 0.3 and FHS > 0.3 respectively; P = 0.46).
Conclusion: A linear relation exists between tobacco consumption,
BMI and VTE. This study shows for the first time the impact of ABO
blood group on the risk of VTE in women under COC and confirms
the inaccuracy of the family history to detect heritable thrombophilia,
even using a family history score.
219
OR325
Splenectomy and risk of venous thrombosis in patients
with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA)
Wun T, Brunson A, Rosenberg A and White R
Internal Medicine, Uc Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento,
USA
Background: Splenectomy is efficacious for many patients with AIHA.
However, there are concerns about venous thromboembolism (VTE:
deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism) and splanchnic vein
thrombosis (SVT). Data regarding the incidence and risk factors for
these complications has typically been from relatively small studies.
Aims: Determine the effect of splenectomy on the risk VTE and SVT
in patients with AIHA.
Methods: We identified a cohort of patients with a diagnosis of AIHA
from 1991 to 2011 in the California Discharge Dataset. All records
with a procedure code for splenectomy (Spl), or principal or secondary
diagnosis of VTE or SVT (portal, hepatic, mesenteric) were identified.
Multivariate Cox analysis was performed with VTE or SVT as the outcomes; and age, race, presence of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)
or lupus (SLE), and splenectomy (time-dependent) as covariates.
Results: There were 4658 cases of AIHA. The 5-year cumulative incidences (CI) of VTE and SVT in Spl (n = 554) patients were 7.5% and
2.4%, respectively; for non-Spl (n = 4104) cases it was 4.9% and
1.0%. Spl was associated with increased risk of both early (< 90 day
after operation, hazard ratio [HR] 3.9 CI 2.27) and late (> 90 day,
HR 2.6 CI 1.83.7) VTE; but only early SVT (HR 9.2 CI 3.822). Age,
CLL, and SLE increased risk and Asian race decreased the risk of
VTE. SLE increased the risk of SVT.
Conclusion: In this large cohort of cases with AIHA, splenectomy was
associated with significantly increased hazard for both early (within
90 days of operation) and late VTE, whereas splenectomy only
increased the short-term risk of SVT. Age, CLL, and SLE increased
the risk of VTE. Asians had decreased risk of VTE, but not SVT.
These data suggest that increased SVT risk is short-term and related to
surgery, whereas there is long-term increased risk for VTE after splenectomy. These data help inform discussions regarding treatment
alternatives for AIHA.
Postthrombotic syndrome,
thrombophilia
OR326
Post thrombotic syndrome in patients treated with
rivaroxaban or enoxaparin/vitamin K antagonists for
acute deep vein thrombosis
Cheung W1, Middeldorp S1, Prins MP2, Pap AF3, Lensing AW4,
Hoek-ten Cate AJ5, Milan M6, Prandoni P6 and on behalf of the
EINSTEIN PTS Investigators Group
1
Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam;
2
Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Maastricht University,
Maastricht, The Netherlands; 3Department of Epidemiology;
4
Bayer HealthCare, Wuppertal, Germany; 5Laboratory for
Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Maastricht University, Maastricht,
The Netherlands; 6Department of Cardiovascular Sciences,
University of Padua, Padova, Italy
Background: Post thrombotic syndrome (PTS) occurs in 2050% of
patients with deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Low quality treatment with
vitamin K antagonists (VKA) is one of the risk factors for PTS. Nonvitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) have a more predictable pharmacologic profile and stable intensity of anticoagulation
220
ABSTRACTS
than VKA. Hence, we hypothesized that treatment with NOACs may

lead to a lower incidence of PTS than VKA.
Aims: To assess the incidence of PTS in rivaroxaban treated patients in
comparison to enoxaparin/VKA treated patients.
Methods: Post hoc subgroup analysis of the EINSTEIN DVT trial that
compared the efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban vs. enoxaparin/VKA
for acute DVT. Participating centers were invited to assess PTS after
completion of treatment. PTS was defined as a Villalta score of 5.
Use of elastic compression stockings (ECS) was scored by means of a
questionnaire. A chi-square test was performed to compare the PTS
incidence between the two treatment groups.
Results: We included 335 patients with a mean age of 58 16 years,
59% male and a median follow-up after index DVT of 57 months (interquartile range 4864). Of these, 161 (48%) had been treated with
rivaroxaban and 174 (52%) with enoxaparin/VKA. Compliance to
assigned treatment was > 80% in 152 (94%) rivaroxaban treated
patients vs. 169 (97%) enoxaparin/VKA treated patients and INR was
21% of the time below 2 in the VKA group. PTS occurred in 45 (28%)
rivaroxaban treated patients and 66 (38%) enoxaparin/VKA treated
patients (RR 0.74; 95% CI 0.541.01). ECS were used by 110 (69%)
rivaroxaban treated patients vs. 134 (80%) enoxaparin/VKA treated
patients.
Conclusion: Rivaroxaban treatment of acute DVT may lower the risk
of PTS compared to enoxaparin/VKA treatment. Extrapolating these
findings to clinical practice must be done with caution since this was a
hypothesis generating post-hoc subgroup analysis. Our findings should
be confirmed in adequately sized and designed future studies.
Disclosure of Interest: W. Cheung: None declared, S. Middeldorp
Grant/Research Support from: GSK/Aspen, BMS/Pfizer and Sanquin,
Consultant for: Bayer, BMS/Pfizer, Boehringer Ingelheim and Daiichi
Sankyo, Paid Instructor at: Bayer and GSK, M. Prins Grant/Research
Support from: Bayer HealthCare, Sanofi-Aventis, Boehringer Ingelheim,
GlaxoSmithKline, Daiichi Sankyo, LEO Pharma, ThromboGenics and
Pfizer, Consultant for: Bayer HealthCare, Sanofi-Aventis, Boehringer
Ingelheim, GlaxoSmithKline, Daiichi Sankyo, LEO Pharma, ThromboGenics and Pfizer, A. Pap Employee of: Bayer HealthCare, A. Lensing
Employee of: Bayer HealthCare, A. Hoek-ten Cate: None declared, M.
Milan: None declared, P. Prandoni: None declared.
OR327
Impact of primary venous insufficiency on the
prevalence and risk of post-thrombotic syndrome
Galanaud J-P1, Ducruet T2, Kahn S3 and on behalf of for the SOX
trial investigators
1
Internal Medicine, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier,
^pital Sainte Justine; 3Clinical
France; 2Centre de Recherche, Ho
Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital,
Montreal, Canada
Background: Post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) refers to clinical manifestations of venous insufficiency following a deep vein thrombosis
(DVT). The ISTH recommends diagnosing PTS with the Villalta score
(VS), which was specifically developed for that purpose. However,
studies reported that up to 40% of patients with PTS had also a high
(> 4) VS in the contralateral leg (cl VS) that could reflect the presence
of pre-existing primary venous insufficiency (PVI) rather than a true
PTS. Importantly, in those studies, cl VS was not assessed at time of
the DVT event (baseline) and/or patients had a history of previous
DVT.
Aims: To estimate the proportion of PTS that could be attributable to
pre-existing PVI and the impact of baseline cl VS on the risk of PTS.
Methods: Sub-analysis of the SOX multicentre double-blind RCT of
patients with a first symptomatic proximal DVT, no history of DVT
and a cl VS assessment at baseline. Patients underwent a bilateral VS
assessment at baseline and every 6 months for 2 years. PVI was
defined as a baseline cl VS > 4 and PTS as a VS > 4 in the leg ipsilateral to DVT from 6 months after DVT. We assessed prevalence of
PVI in patients who developed PTS and the influence of baseline cl VS
on the risk of developing PTS.
Results: Seven hundred and sixty-seven patients were eligible. Mean
age was 55 years and 60% were men. During follow-up, 49.1%
(n = 335) of patients developed PTS, of whom 12.8% (n = 43) had a cl
VS > 4 (i.e. PVI) at baseline. Baseline PVI and PTS were significantly
correlated (P < 0.0001). Among 56 patients with PVI at baseline,
76.8% (n = 43) developed PTS. The risk of developing PTS increased
with increase in cl VS (PTS occurred in 39.6%, 60.4%, 74.1% and
82.4% in patients with a cl VS of respectively 0, 14, 58, > 8
P < 0.0001).
Conclusion: In patients with a first proximal DVT without previous
DVT, the proportion of PTS that could in fact reflect pre-existing PVI
is modest, but presence and severity of PVI strongly influences the risk
of being diagnosed a PTS.
OR328
A simple pediatric post-thrombotic syndrome
classification algorithm for the general practitioner
Avila ML1, Brandao LR1, Williams S1, Kiss A2, Stinson J3,
Montoya M1 and Feldman BM1
1
Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children; 2Research Design and
Biostatistics, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre; 3Nursing
Research, Centre for Nursing, The Hospital for Sick Children,
Toronto, Canada
Background: A simple algorithm for classifying children with or without post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) can assist general practitioners
(GP) determine if patients at risk of PTS require referral to a specialist.
Aims: To develop an algorithm for evaluating children at risk of PTS.
Methods: Four simple methods to measure clinical manifestations
[pediatric PTS symptoms questionnaire (PTS_SQ), arm/thigh circumference difference, endurance questionnaire, and Boulden Scale (BS)
for collateral veins] were tested in a cross-sectional study of children
with upper or lower limb (UL/LL) deep vein thrombosis. A pediatric
thrombosis expert independently determined PTS status (PTS+,
PTS-). Conditional inference trees (CIT) were developed using unbiased recursive partitioning to assess the predictive value of these four
methods for PTS diagnosis. Model performance for classification of
PTS+ and PTS- cases was evaluated comparing the predicted (model)
vs. actual (expert) PTS diagnosis. Ethics approval and informed consents were obtained.
Results: One hundred and eighteen participants aged 119 years were
assessed; actual PTS+ frequency was 44% (24/55) for UL and 54%
(34/63) for LL.
The UL CIT classified the data according to PTS_SQ and BS. Most
children with PTS_SQ score > 2 will be classified as PTS+, whereas
most children PTS_SQ score 2 and BS score = 0 will likely be PTS-.
The LL CIT classified the data using PTS_SQ and thigh circumference
difference. Most children with PTS_SQ score > 1 will be classified as
PTS+, whereas most cases with PTS_SQ score 1 and thigh difference < 0.9 cm will likely be PTS-.
Both models performed relatively well for classifying PTS+ children:
916% of PTS+ children would be misclassified as PTS- (4/24 UL, 3/
34 LL). The PTS_SQ alone performed very well for classifying PTSpatients: only 3% of PTS- patients (1/31 UL, 1/29 LL) would be misclassified as PTS+.
Conclusion: The PTS_SQ alone correctly classified 97% of PTS- children. This tool along with the BS and thigh circumference can aid GP
caring for children at risk of PTS.
ABSTRACTS
OR329
Hereditary risk factors of thrombophilia and the
individual probability of first venous
thromboembolism (VTE) in pregnancy and puerperium
Gerhardt A1, Scharf RE2 and Zotz RB3
1
Department of Hemostasis and Transfusion Medicine,
Blutgerinnung Ulm, Ulm; 2Department of Hemostasis and
Transfusion Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Medical Center;
3
Center for Blood Coagulation and Transfusion Medicine (CBT),
Duesseldorf, Germany
Background: VTE is a leading cause of obstetric morbidity and mortality.
Aims: The aim of our study was to determine the individual probability of thrombosis based on the relative and absolute risk associated
with hereditary risk factors of thrombosis.
Methods: In 243 women with first VTE in pregnancy and 243 agematched women with no history of VTE, RR for hereditary thrombophilic risk factors and the individual probability of thrombosis were
determined. Based on epidemiological data, an incidence of VTE of
approx. 1:500 deliveries in women > 35 years (approx. 1:750 deliveries
in women < 35 years) was assumed.
Results: RR of VTE was 4.6 for heterozygous factor V Leiden (FVL),
20 for homozygous FVL, 3.1 for heterozygous prothrombin gene
mutation (PTM), 44 (estimated) for combined heterozygous FVL and
PTM, 2.0 (P = 0.083) for antithrombin (AT) deficiency < 90% (10th
percentile) and 49 for < 60%, 2.3 for protein C deficiency < 76% (10th
percentile) and 5.5 for < 50%, 4.1 for protein S deficiency < 40%
(P = 0.089), and 9.7 for free protein S deficiency < 40% (P < 0.05 for
all unless noted otherwise).
In women > 35 years/< 35 years, the probability of pregnancy-related
thrombosis was 0.73%/0.48% for heterozygous FVL, 3.9%/2.6% for
homozygous FVL, 0.58%/0.38% for heterozygous PTM, 7.8%/5.3%
for combined heterozygous FVL and heterozygous PTM, 0.36%/
0.26% for AT deficiency < 90%, and 9.1%/6.1% for < 60%, 0.49%/
0.26% for protein C deficiency < 76%, and 1.1%/0.75% for < 50%,
0.72%/0.54% for protein S deficiency < 40%, and 2.02%/1.3% for
free protein S deficiency < 40%. 7 of 17 women with VTE and homozygous or combined heterozygous FVL/PTM had no first-degree relatives with a history of VTE.
Conclusion: We could show that women with homozygous or combined heterozygous FVL/PTM or with AT deficiency have a high risk
of pregnancy-associated thrombosis, particularly women aged
> 35 years. This subgroup should be considered for routine antepartal
thromboprophylaxis even with a negative family history of VTE in
future guidelines.
OR330
Clinical and genetic features of antithrombin
deficiency in 13 Taiwanese patients
Chen Y-C1, Gau J-P2 and Chao T-Y3
1
Division of Hematology/Oncology, Tri-Service General
Hospital, National Defense Medical Center; 2Division of
Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veteran
General Hospital; 3Division of Hematology/Oncology,
Department of Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical
University, Taipei, Taiwan
Background: Inherited antithrombin (AT) deficiency accounts for 0.5
4.9% in patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) and is associated with a 550 fold increased risk for VTE. There were very limited
cases reported from Taiwan previously.
221
Aims: This study was to analyze the clinical presentations and genetic
defects of 13 patients with inherited AT deficiency associated VTE and
thrombophilia.
Methods: Thirteen patients from eleven unrelated families were diagnosed to have inherited AT deficiency associated VTE from August
2009 to April 2014. There were 9 male and 4 female patients. Their
median age was 40 years old with a range of 1646 years. Their clinical manifestations were recorded and peripheral blood DNA was
extracted. The 6 encoded exons of AT gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction, followed by direct sequencing.
Results: The median age of first VTE onset was 25 years old with a
range of 544 years old. The mean AT activity of these patients was
43.03 5.88%. Seven of the 13 (54%) had developed deep venous
thrombosis (DVT) of lower extremities as initial presentation, Seven
patients (54%) had experienced pulmonary embolism (PE), There were
each two patients with mesenteric vein thrombosis, portal venous
thrombosis events and CNS thrombosis, respectively. The genetic
defects of the 11 unrelated families were all heterozygous mutations,
including 6 missense, 3 deletion and 2 insertion. Eight of them are
novel and have not been reported before.
Conclusion: Our study demonstrates one half of anti-thrombin (AT)
deficiency patient presented with deep vein thrombosis as initial presentation. One half patients experienced PE and 20% of patients had
portal vein thrombosis and mesenteric venous thrombosis, respectively. Eight novel AT gene defects were found.
Venous Willebrand factor I

OR331
Phage display and next generation DNA sequencing
enables high resolution mapping of VWF functional
domains and alloantibody epitopes
Yee A1, Dai M2, Pipe SW3, Shavit JA3, Meng F2,4 and
Ginsburg D1,3,5,6,7
1
Life Sciences Institute; 2Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience
Institute; 3Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Disease;
4
Department of Psychiatry; 5Department of Internal Medicine;
6
Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan;
7
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ann Arbor, USA
Background: von Willebrand factor (VWF) is a large multimeric protein composed of multiple, distinct functional domains. The substructures of these domains are important in regulating VWF function and
for epitope recognition by anti-VWF inhibitors.
Aims: Fine map the VWF platelet-binding domain and characterize
epitopes recognized by an acquired VWF inhibitory antibody.
Methods: An M13 filamentous phage library was constructed, expressing random VWF cDNA fragments and consisting of ~2.8 9 106 independent clones. The library was screened for binding to formalin-fixed
platelets or to plasma immunoglobulins isolated from a type 3 von
Willebrand disease patient with acquired an inhibitor. In both screens,
bound phage were eluted following a single round of selection and
analyzed by next generation DNA sequencing (NGS). Approximately
106107 reads were processed for alignment to VWF and peptide identification.
Results: Analysis of aligned reads mapped the platelet binding segments to two regions in VWF. Maximally enriched residues (A1250A1461) spanned the A1 domain. Fragments spanning the A1 domain
all encompassed C1272-C1458, indicating that disulfide bridging of
these cysteines optimizes platelet binding. A weaker signal in the D4
domain (D1983-I2126) suggested a potential, secondary adhesive
region. Surveying for epitopes of the patients VWF inhibitors by
immunoprecipitation and NGS found strongly enriched clusters of residues that spanned the A3 (collagen binding) domain (maximally,
222
ABSTRACTS
I1677-C1872) and encompassed the C1686-C1872 disulfide bridge. A

cluster of residues (A751-H874) with weaker signals was also detected
in the VWF D (FVIII binding) domain; these residues encompassed
all of D (S764-A865). The absence of smaller fragments suggests that
this alloantibody recognized only these two conformational epitopes.
Conclusion: Phage display combined with NGS provides a versatile
and powerful tool for defining functional domains and antibody epitopes within VWF.
OR332
Scavenger receptor class A member 5 (SCARA5) binds
and internalizes VWF in vitro: a novel candidate VWF
clearance receptor
Ogiwara K1, Swystun L1, Brown C1, Notley C1, Ojala J2,
Tryggvason K2,3 and Lillicrap D1
1
Kingston, Canada; 2Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics,
Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; 3Cardiovascular and
Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical
School, Singapore, Singapore
Background: Details of the VWF clearance mechanism are still unresolved. A recent genome-wide association study (GWAS) revealed the
locus for the scavenger receptor class A member 5 (SCARA5) as being
a significant genetic modifier of VWF levels. SCARA5 is a cell surface
receptor having similar domain structure to SCARA1 (SR-A) or
SCARA2 (MARCO). Previous studies of SCARA5 have documented
its expression on interstitial fibroblasts but not on endothelial or blood
cells, while SR-A and MARCO were expressed on macrophages.
Aims: To explore if SCARA5 is a candidate clearance receptor for
VWF through complementary molecular and cell biology studies.
Methods: Binding of VWF to SCARA5 was assessed using a surface
plasmon resonance assay (SPR) and a solid phase binding assay. Binding of VWF to SCARA5-expressing HEK 293 cells was evaluated with
immunofluorescence (IF). Association of SCARA5-expressing cells
with VWF in the spleen and liver was evaluated in VWF/ mice
infused with human VWF by immunohistochemistry (IHC).
Results: The binding of human plasma-derived VWF to immobilized
SCARA5 was dose-dependent and saturable with an apparent Kd of
~1 nM. Ca2+ chelation with EDTA impaired the binding of VWF to
SCARA5 (> 90%), while preincubation of VWF with the polyanion
PolyI attenuated VWF binding to SCARA5 by ~10% suggesting the
Ca2 + -dependent binding property. Recombinant human FVIII
bound SCARA5 in the presence, but not the absence, of VWF.
IF demonstrated that human VWF was bound and internalized by
transfected HEK 293 cells expressing SCARA5 but not by untransfected cells. IHC confirmed that infused human VWF was mostly associated with endothelial cells and macrophages in the liver and spleen.
However, co-localization of SCARA5-expressing cells and infused
human VWF has not been observed with current experimental conditions.
Conclusion: SCARA5 is an adhesive and endocytic receptor for VWF
in solid phase and cell based assays. However, the mechanism by
which SCARA5 and VWF may interact in vivo remains to be investigated.
Disclosure of Interest: K. Ogiwara: None declared, L. Swystun: None
declared, C. Brown: None declared, C. Notley: None declared, J. Ojala: None declared, K. Tryggvason: None declared, D. Lillicrap
Grant/Research Support from: Bayer, Biogen-Idec, Baxter and Octapharma.
OR333
New in vitro and in vivo strategies to modulate von
Willebrand factor gene mutations with dominantnegative effect
Casari C1, Campioni M2, Legendre P1, Loubi
ere C1, Lunghi B2,
Pinotti M2, Christophe OD1, Lenting PJ1, Denis CV1 and
Bernardi F2
1
UMR_S1176, INSERM, Le Kremlin-Bic^
etre, France; 2Life
Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
Background: von Willebrand factor (VWF) is a multimeric protein that
undergoes dimerization and multimerization processes during its biosynthesis. Dominant-negative mutations are associated with severe
von Willebrand disease phenotypes but remain difficult to identify.
Aims: To study dominant-negative mutations and their molecular
mechanisms.
Methods: We created in vitro and in vivo transient models to express
VWF carrying the p.P1127_C1948delinsR (del) and p.C2773R dominant-negative mutations affecting multimerization and dimerization
processes, respectively. COS-1 cells were transiently co-transfected
with plasmids for wild-type (wt) and mutant VWF expression. Similarly, Vwf-deficient mice were subjected to hydrodynamic gene transfer
of both plasmids. VWF multimers were evaluated in conditioned
media and mouse plasma.
Results: As expected, co-expression of pC2773R- with wt-VWF was
associated with absence of high molecular weight multimers but normal VWF antigen levels in conditioned media.
Co-expression of del- & wt-VWF also resulted in severe reduction of
VWF multimers and high-resolution gel enabled the separation of heteropolymers formed by wt- and del-VWF subunits. We next created
plasmids for the expression of VWF carrying both gene defects (p.del/
C2773R) in cells and mice. Noticeably the double-mutant VWF was
unable to interact with wt monomers leading to abolition of the dominant-negative effect of the single defects and rescue of the multimer
profile.
The detrimental effect of the large deletion was also challenged in vivo
by the administration of siRNA selectively directed against del-VWF.
By interfering with the dominant-negative mechanism, the silencing
treatment improved VWF antigen levels and multimer profile.
Conclusion: We established the first in vivo heterozygous mouse model
of VWD associated with dominant-negative mutations. The association of other VWF mutations with del-VWF can be employed to investigate/antagonize their dominant-negative effect.
OR334
Role of calcium in regulating the intra- and extracellular cleavage of von Willebrand factor by the
metalloprotease ADAMTS13
Neelamegham S, Gogia S, Dayananda KM and Kelkar A
Chemical and Biological Engineering, State Universtiy of New
York, Buffalo, USA
Background: The metalloprotease ADAMTS13 cleaves a scissile bond
in the von Willebrand Factor (VWF) A2-domain in a calcium dependent manner. The physiological relevance of this calcium dependence
remains unknown.
Aims: Since VWF and ADAMTS13 are co-expressed in endothelial
cells (EC), we hypothesized that the low intra-cellular calcium levels
(Ca2+ = 80400 lM) may promote VWF cleavage prior to protein
secretion.
Methods: A panel of recombinant VWF proteins were expressed in
HUVECs (Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells) and control
HEK cells, sometimes over-expressing ADAMTS13. VWF proteolysis
ABSTRACTS
was measured using western blot; A2-domain conformation change
was quantified using FRET constructs where Venus and Cerulean
flanked VWF-A2; and platelet string cleavage under shear was studied
using microfluidic flow cells.
Results: The results demonstrate the partial perinuclear colocalization
of VWF with ADAMTS13 in HUVECs, and the presence of VWF
proteolysis products in both HUVEC lysates and culture-supernatant
following EC stimulation. Both wild-type multimeric VWF (WTVWF) and VWF with a disulfide link bridging the N- and C-terminus
of VWF-A2 (Lock-VWF) displayed equal intracellular cleavage when
expressed in HUVECs. Thus, ADAMTS13 mediated proteolysis
occurs prior to disulfide bond formation. Two constructs that have
defective calcium binding epitopes, the VWD type 2A mutant
R1597W and D1498A, displayed enhanced intracellular proteolysis in
HUVECs compared to WT-VWF. The FRET studies demonstrate
strong Ca2+ dependent VWF-A2 conformation changes at concentrations< 500 lM, with unfolding rates being ~40-fold higher for the
monomeric VWF A2-domain compared to multimeric, full length
VWF. Further, VWF-platelet string cleavage under shear proceeded
with equal efficiency in the absence and presence 1.5 mM Ca2+.
Conclusion: Low Ca2+ may promote intracellular VWF proteolysis.
Extracellular VWF-platelet string proteolysis is Ca2+ independent.
OR335
Role of protein disulfide isomerase pdi in von
Willebrand factor dimerization
Brehm MA1, Lippok S2, Kolsek K3, Eggert D4, Obser T1,
Schneppenheim R1, Gr
ater F3, Baldauf C5 and R
adler J2
1
Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center
Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg; 2Faculty of Physics and Center
for NanoScience, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich;
3
Molecular Biomechanics Group, Heidelberg Institute for
Theoretical Studies, Heidelberg; 4Microscopy and Image Analysis
Technology Platform, Heinrich Pette Institute - Leibniz Institute
for Experimental Virology, Hamburg; 5Fritz-Haber-Institut, MaxPlanck-Gesellschaft, Berlin, Germany
Background: Von Willebrand factor (VWF) is a multimeric glycoprotein essential for primary hemostasis. The biosynthesis of VWF high
molecular weight multimers requires spatial separation of each step
due to varying pH value requirements. The multimerization occurs in
the acidic environment of the trans-Golgi apparatus. VWF is dimerized by disulfide bonds between the CK domains of two VWF monomers, formed at neutral pH in the ER. Which protein catalyzes this Cterminal disulfide bond formation has not been elucidated yet.
Aims: The protein disulfide isomerase PDI has previously been used to
visualize colocalization of VWF with the ER. However, if these two
proteins are indeed binding partners and the reason for this putative
direct interaction have never been investigated in detail.
Methods: We used STORM and confocal microscopy, Microscale
Thermophoresis (MST), Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy
(FCS) and protein-protein docking studies to characterize PDI-VWF
interaction and postulate a dimerization mechanism for VWF.
Results: Excitingly, we were able to visualize the interaction of PDI
with VWF employing high-resolution STORM microscopy. MST and
FCS clearly showed direct binding of PDI to VWF. The dissociation
constants were determined to be KD = 236.0 66 nM and
KD = 282.4 123 nM by MST and FCS, respectively. Since the interaction of PDI and the isolated CK domain exhibits a similar KD value
(258 104 nM), our data indicate that PDI binds exclusively to the
CK domain. Fluorescence microscopy studies of VWF mutants associated with von Willebrand disease 2A/IID, that exhibit a disturbed
VWF dimerization, revealed altered PDI interaction depending on the
position of the mutation.
223
Conclusion: Combined with protein docking studies we postulate the

mechanism of VWF dimerization by PDI. Our data indicate that
Cys2771 is the essential initiation point of dimerization that begins
with the formation of the two disulfide bonds 2771-2773 and 27712773. Subsequently, the third bond 2811-2811 is formed.
Platelet disorders bleeding

OR336
Defective alphaIIbbeta3 activation causes platelet
dysfunction in von Willebrand disease platelet-type
(PT-VWD)
Bury L, Falcinelli E, Mezzasoma AM and Gresele P
Background: PT-VWD is an autosomal dominant hemorrhagic disorder with mucocutaneous bleeding and macrothrombocytopenia, due
to gain-of-function mutations in GP1BA conferring to platelet glycoprotein Iba (GPIba) enhanced affinity for von Willebrand factor
(VWF). The bleeding tendency is generally considered to be due to
thrombocytopenia and reduction of high molecular weight VWF multimers for the clearance of VWF-platelet complexes from the circulation. On the other hand, the binding of VWF to GPIba is known to
trigger intracellular signaling leading to aIIbb3 activation. Defective
aIIbb3 activation was described in a mouse model of PT-VWD.
Aims: Aim of this work was to shed new light on the effects of the
enhanced GPIba-VWF interaction on aIIbb3 activation and platelet
function in PT-VWD.
Methods: Platelets from a PT-VWD patient carrying the Met239Val
GP1BA mutation were studied for aggregation and shape change by
light transmission aggregometry; for aIIbb3 expression and activation
(PAC-1 binding), Ca2+ store release and a-granules secretion by flow
cytometry; for d-granules secretion by lumiaggregometry; moreover,
platelet spreading on fibrinogen and VWF was assessed, and Rap-1b
activation (Rap-1b-GTP), a crucial step for aIIbb3 activation, was measured by Western blotting.
Results: Platelets from PT-VWD show defective aIIbb3 activation after
stimulation with ADP or TRAP-6. Platelet aggregation in response to
TRAP-6 was strongly reduced, second wave of aggregation after stimulation with epinephrine was absent and shape change triggered by
several agonists was absent. Granules secretion was normal but platelet spreading was impaired, suggesting defective aIIbb3-mediated outside-in signaling. Ca2+ store release, required for aIIbb3 activation,
was normal but Rap-1b activation was reduced.
Conclusion: Our data show for the first time that aIIbb3 activation and
function are impaired in human PT-VWD. These data set the basis for
a full understanding of the bleeding tendency in PT-VWD.
OR337
Comprehensive evaluation of mechanisms associated
with hyper-responsive platelet GPIb and the role of
protein inhibition in securing hemostasis
Kaur H1, Corscadden K1 and Othman M1,2
1
Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queens University;
2
School of Baccalaureate Nursing, St Lawrence College, Kingston,
Canada
Background: Platelet defects due to hyper-responsive GPIba causing
an enhanced VWF interaction, counter-intuitively result in bleeding
rather than thrombosis. The historical explanation of platelet/VWF
224
ABSTRACTS
clearance fails to explain mechanisms of impaired hemostasis particularly in light of reported poor platelet binding to fibrinogen. Platelet
transfusion carries risk for developing alloantibodies.
Aims: To study the pro-coagulant capacity of platelets with hyperresponsive GPIba, kinetics of thrombus formation including clot quality and the effect of GPIba inhibition on securing hemostasis.
Methods: Platelets from PT-VWD mouse model were compared to
control mice. Global hemostasis and clot kinetics were assessed invitro
using thromboelastography (TEG) and invivo using intravital microscopy. ADP and thrombin-induced whole blood platelet aggregation
were tested. P-selectin and PS exposure were analyzed using flowcytometry. Fibrin clot quality was evaluated in standard fibrin polymerization technique and fibrin structure was examined using confocal
microscopy. 6B4; monoclonal antibody that blocks interaction with
VWF was used for GPIba inhibition.
Results: TEG showed 23% increase in R-time, 39% reduction in MA,
74% reduction in CI in Mut compared to WT mice. Ex-vivo inhibition
of GPIba normalized R and MA by 33% and 41% respectively and
invivo inhibition enhanced clot formation in intravital data. Annexin
V expression was reduced by 76, 42 and 57% when PRP was stimulated with thrombin, collagen and ristocetin respectively. P-selectin
expression was markedly reduced in response to thrombin. Platelets
aggregated normally to thrombin but showed long lag phase. Turbidity assay showed delayed fibrin formation which was of low density
under confocal microscope.
Conclusion: Platelets with hyper-responsive GPIba have complex procoagulant properties that reflect intrinsic impairment beyond the previously described mechanisms. Abnormal signaling through GPIba
and potential therapy using inhibitors require investigation.
OR338
Oxidative stress accelerates platelet receptor
glycoprotein GPIb and GPVI shedding during nonsurgical bleeding in heart failure patients supported by
continuous-flow left ventricular assist device
Mondal N1, Sorensen E2, Slaughter M1, Pham S3, Griffith B3 and
Wu Z1
1
Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery,
Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, University of Louisville,
Louisville; 2Department of Clinical Engineering, University of
Maryland Medical Center; 3Department of Surgery, University of
Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
Background: Understanding the role of oxidative stress in modifying
platelet functionality contributing to non-surgical bleeding (NSB) in
heart failure (HF) patients after continuous-flow left ventricular assist
device (CF-LVAD) implantation is crucial for prevention of this
adverse event.
Aims: To examine the role of oxidative stress in mediating platelet
receptors shedding on the incidence of NSB after CF-LVAD implantation.
Methods: We recruited 25 HF patients implanted with CF-LVADs
and 11 healthy volunteers as control. Eight HF patients developed
non-surgical bleeding (bleeder group) within one month after implantation while others were considered non-bleeder group (n = 17). Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in leukocytes and platelets,
status of antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) in erythrocyte, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) and the surface expression of platelet receptor
glycoproteins GPIba and GPVI were measured.
Results: Generation of ROS, depletion of SOD and TAC, and elevated
oxLDL were found to be pre-existing conditions in baseline samples of
both groups of HF patients when compared to healthy controls. Platelet receptors GPIba and GPVI were found to be significantly lowered
in bleeder group prior to CF-LVAD implantation in comparison to

non-bleeder group indicating shedding. Significant increase in intraplatelet ROS and decrease in GPIba and GPVI were noticed in postimplant bleeder group in comparison to non-bleeder group. Significant
decrease in post-implant GPIba and GPVI in bleeder group were positively associated with ROS and oxLDL, and negatively associated with
SOD and TAC suggesting the potential role of oxidative stress in
platelet receptor shedding and mediating NSB after CF-LVAD
implantation.
Conclusion: In conclusion, persistent oxidative stress may play a potential role in accelerating platelet receptor glycoprotein GPIba and
GPVI shedding leading to platelet dysfunction during NSB in HF
patients supported by CF-LVADs.
OR339
Methods for identifying rare genetic variants affecting
the formation and function of platelets
Turro E1,2, Greene D1,2 and on behalf of BRIDGE Bleeding and
Platelet Disorder Consortium
1
Haematology, University of Cambridge; 2MRC Biostatistics Unit,
Cambridge, UK
Background: The BRIDGE-BPD consortium is a multi-centre collaboration working to identify novel genetic causes of inherited bleeding
and platelet disorders (BPD). We have performed detailed phenotyping, pedigree building and genome sequencing of approximately 1000
cases. The extensive but often subtle clinical heterogeneity of cases has
been encoded using Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) terms.
Aims: The discovery of novel causal variants affecting the formation
and function of platelets.
Methods: Detailed phenotyping, pedigree building and genome
sequencing of approximately 1000 cases in combination with the development of new statistical methods to aid gene discovery.
Results: We have developed new statistical approaches to perform
inference using genetic and HPO data. First, we have developed a
method to assess the phenotypic distinctness of an arbitrary group of
cases based on their HPO terms. If the groupings are based on genotypes, highly distinct groups are likely to share a common disease aetiology. Second, we have used HPO and Mouse Phenotype Ontology
(MPO) terms from the literature to prioritise candidate genes based on
small lists of filtered variants. Third, we have developed a novel similarity regression algorithm to find associations between rare variants
and a BPD whilst inferring the primary phenotypic features of the particular disease. With the aid of the above approaches, we have discovered and subsequently confirmed genes causative of BPDs at 20q11
and 5q31. In addition, these approaches have helped replicate recent
discoveries by others that variants in RASGRP2 (11q13.1) and
ACTN1 (14q24.1) can be causative of BPD. Such discoveries improve
our understanding of the molecular basis of this class of disorders and
the newly discovered genes have been included on the ThromboGenomics diagnostic sequencing platform.
Conclusion: The development of new methods that exploit the rich
structure of HPO and MPO empowers gene discovery in heterogeneous case collections with diverse molecular aetiologies.
ABSTRACTS
OR340
Severe bleeding tendency and impaired platelet
function in a patient with CalDAG-GEFI deficiency
Kato H1, Nakazawa Y2, Kashiwagi H1, Tadokoro S1, Morikawa Y1,
Morita D2, Kurokawa Y2, Kanakura Y1 and Tomiyama Y3
1
Hematology-Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of
Medicine, Suita; 2Pediatrics, Shinshu University School of
Medicine, Matsumoto; 3Blood transfusion, Osaka University
Hospital, Suita, Japan
Background: Platelets are essential in normal hemostasis and pathological thrombosis, and their function is tightly regulated in circulation.
Study of patients with bleeding disorders of platelet function provides
quite important clue to find a signaling pathway and molecules
required for platelet activation.
Aims: To investigate the cause of bleeding problem in 15-year-old Japanese girl.
Methods: The proband has been suffering from repeated severe spontaneous nasal bleeding which required transfusions since she was
1 year old. The initial laboratory assessment indicated normal platelet
count, normal PT/APTT, markedly prolonged bleeding time, and
reduced platelet aggregation responses to ADP and collagen. Recently
she started suffering from menorrhagia and she was referred to our
hospital. Peripheral bloods obtained from the proband and her parents were analyzed by flow cytometry, Western blotting, and sequencing. Written informed consent was obtained from all subjects.
Results: Expression levels of her platelet surface glycoproteins were
comparable to those of control. Although PMA-induced integrin
aIIbb3 activation was normal, aIIbb3 activation induced by various
agonists was impaired. Platelet granule release was also decreased. In
addition, slower aIIbb3 activation kinetics was observed by initial
velocity assay. These results, along with normal calcium mobilization
and impaired Rap1 activation, suggest impaired activation process of
aIIbb3. Western blotting revealed the deficiency of CalDAG-GEFI,
but normal talin and Kindlin-3 expression in her platelets. Sequencing
results revealed compound heterozygous mutation, R360del and
K309X, in CalDAG-GEFI. Introduction of expression vector for
mutant CalDAG-GEFI into 293T cells confirmed that these mutations
are responsible for the deficiency of CalDAG-GEFI.
Conclusion: We identified new mutations of CalDAG-GEFI causing
severe bleeding problem. Our results indicate the essential role of CalDAG-GEFI in aIIbb3 activation as well as hemostatic function of
platelets.
Platelets and cancer

OR341
15(S)-HETE is a pro-angiogenic factor produced by
platelets through COX-1
Rauzi F1,2, Kirkby N1, Edin M3, Zeldin D3, Whiteford J2, Mitchell J1
and Warner T2
1
National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College; 2William
Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of
Medicine, London, UK; 3National Institute of Environmental
Health Sciences, Triangle Research Park, USA
Background: Thromboxane A2 (TXA2) is a potent pro-thrombotic
hormone produced at high concentrations by platelets through the
activity of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1). Aspirin, by inhibiting COX-1,
reduces TXA2 levels which explains its use for secondary prevention of
vascular thrombotic events. Epidemiological and observational analyses also demonstrate that chronic use of low-dose aspirin is associated
225
with a reduction in risk for certain types of cancer, consistent with the
anti-angiogenic properties of this drug.
Aims: Here we have identified 15-hydroxyeicosatetraeinoic acid (15(S)HETE) as a major COX-1 product of platelets and investigated its role
in angiogenesis.
Methods: Blood from healthy volunteers was incubated with aspirin
either intact or as platelet rich plasma (PRP) prior to stimulation with
thrombin receptor-activating peptide-6 (TRAP-6) or vehicle. Plasmas
were separated and the levels of TXB2 (TXA2 marker) and 15-HETE
were determined by LC-MS/MS, and those of the 15(S)-HETE stereoisomer by EIA assay. The angiogenic properties of 15(S)-HETE were
studied by assessing tube formation of HMEC-1 cells and sprout formation by rat aortas incubated with plasmas obtained from TRAP-6stimulated platelets pre-treated with or without aspirin.
Results: TRAP-6 caused marked increases in the platelet productions
of TXA2 and 15-HETE both of which were strongly inhibited by aspirin. Treatment of platelets with aspirin also strongly reduced the proangiogenic effects of platelet plasmas in both the endothelial tube formation and rat aorta sprouting models. Angiogenic responses were
fully restored by addition of exogenous 15(S)-HETE.
Conclusion: 15(S)-HETE is a major platelet COX-1 product which, in
association with other growth factors, has strong pro-angiogenic
effects. Thus, 15(S)-HETE represents a potential target for the development of novel anti-angiogenic therapeutics.
OR342
Platelets engineered to store interleukin-24 inhibited
melanoma growth in mice
Fang J1, Yao M2, Jing W1, Sun B2, Johnson BD1 and Wilcox DA1
1
Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA;
2
Liver Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing
Medical University, Nanjing, China
Background: Activated platelets secrete agents (e.g., cytokines) that
can promote solid tumor growth & cancer metastasis. Previous studies
showed hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) can be genetically modified to
induce platelets to express & secrete proteins to establish hemostasis in
animal models of bleeding disorders. Interleukin-24 (IL-24) is a cytokine (normally produced by activated monocytes, macrophages & T
helper cells) with cytotoxic & anti-angiogenic activity preferentially
towards cancer cells. Thus, we hypothesized it may be feasible use
HSC gene transfer to target platelet synthesis, storage & secretion of
IL-24 to inhibit tumor growth.
Aims: To investigate if HSC gene transfer targeting IL-24 synthesis,
storage & secretion from platelets can inhibit melanoma in mice.
Methods: C57BlL/6 mice were transplanted with bone marrow transduced with a lentiviral construct encoding a megakaryocytespecific
ITGA2B gene promoter driving synthesis of IL-24 gene. Four weeks
after transplant, IL-24 protein was characterized in platelets by flow
cytometry. Murine melanoma cells (1 9 106) were implanted in mice
at 5 weeks after transplant. Tumor size was measured in IL24 & control groups using a digital caliper periodically for 4 weeks. Then mice
were sacrificed to record tumor mass.
Results: Flow cytometry showed that HSC gene transfer of murine
bone marrow led to synthesis & storage of IL-24 in platelets. At
30 days after implant of melanoma cells, platelet IL24 mice displayed
significantly smaller (50%) tumor size (550 101 mm3) & weight
(599 120 mg) compared to control mice with larger tumor size
(1120 114 mm3) & weight (1391 134 mg) n 5 mice/group
(P < 0.05) indicating that platelet IL24 inhibited tumor growth
in vivo.
Conclusion: HSC gene transfer can be utilized to induce synthesis &
storage of anti-oncogenic agent IL24 in platelets. Melanoma tumor
challenge in mice with platelet IL24 showed a significant decrease in
226
ABSTRACTS
tumor growth suggesting that platelets may serve as a therapeutic vehicle to treat cancer.
OR343
CLEC-2 facilitates hematogenous tumor metastasis
and in vitro tumor growth, but not in vivo tumor
growth
Shirai T1, Inoue O2, Hirayama K3, Endo H4, Sato-Utida H5,
Fujii H3, Suzuki-Inoue K1 and Ozaki Y1
1
Department of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of
Medicine, University of Yamanashi; 2Infection Control Office,
Yamanashi University Hospital; 3First Department of Surgery,
Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo-shi,
Yamanashi; 4Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School
of Human Cultures, University of Shiga prefecture, Hikone City,
Shiga; 5Department of Clinical Nursing, Faculty of Medicine,
University of Yamanashi, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi, Japan
Background: We reported that a platelet activation receptor, C-type
lectin like receptor-2 (CLEC-2) facilitates hematogenous metastasis by
binding to podoplanin, a membrane protein of tumor cells in ISTH
2013. We also reported that hematogenous metastasis of podoplaninpositive B16F10 melanoma, but not tumor growth, was inhibited in
CLEC-2 / bone marrow chimeric mice, although tumor cell proliferation in vitro was facilitated by platelets depending on CLEC-2.
Aims: The aim of this study is to investigate why tumor growth in vivo
is not inhibited in the absence of CLEC-2, although in vitro proliferation is increased by platelets depending on CLEC-2.
Methods: CLEC-2-depleted mice were generated by injection of antiCLEC-2 antibody, 2A2B10 every 7 days. 1 9 106 cells of B16F10 was
inoculated into the dorsal skin of mice 4 days after 2A2B10 or control
IgG injection. Tumor growth was evaluated by measuring the size of
tumors. Intra-tumor angiogenesis and thrombosis were analyzed by
immunohistochemistry. Intra-tumor functional vessels were determined by injection of FITC-dextran from the tail vein before sacrifice.
Survival was analyzed by KaplanMeier method.
Results: Tumor growth was not inhibited in CLEC-2-depleted mice
and the number of intra-tumor vessels did not differ between CLEC-2depleted and control mice. However, the number of functional vessels
in tumors significantly increased in CLEC-2-depleted mice. Intratumor thrombus formation was decreased in CLEC-2 depleted mice.
Unexpectedly, CLEC-2-depleted mice exhibited prolonged survival.
Conclusion: We suggest that CLEC-2 depletion results in decrease in
intra-tumor thrombus formation, which leads to increase in intact
tumor vessels and efficient supply of oxygen and nutrition to tumor
cells in vivo. As a result, the growth-stimulating effect of platelets via
CLEC-2 observed in vitro is canceled. Less thrombotic tendency may
be related to prolonged survival, although the cause for this finding is
now under investigation.
OR344
Identification of a novel C-type lectin-like receptor 2
inhibitor that suppresses podoplanin-induced platelet
aggregation and cancer metastasis
Chang Y-W1, Hsieh P-W2, Cheng J-C3 and Tseng C-P1,4,5
1
Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences; 2Graduate Institute of
Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan; 3Department
of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, China
Medical University, Taichung; 4Department of Medical
Biotechnology and Laboratory Science; 5Molecular Medicine
Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
Background: The binding of podoplanin (PDPN) to C-type lectin-like
receptor 2 (CLEC-2) is crucial in platelet activation, lymphagenesis
and cancer metastasis. Blockage of CLEC-2 signaling is a rationale
scheme for development of anti-cancer metastasis and anti-thrombosis
regimens.
Aims: We aim to identify synthetic compound to intervene CLEC-2
signaling. The mechanistic insight and the potential application of the
compound were investigated.
Methods: A pool of synthetic compounds was examined for their
effects on agonists-induced platelet aggregation. The compound that
shows specific inhibition on PDPN-induced platelet aggregation were
selected for characterizing the mechanistic insight using phospho-specific antibodies, protein kinase profiling, molecular modeling and surface plasmon resonance analyses. The anti-cancer metastasis efficacy
of the compound was evaluated by tumor cell-induced platelet aggregation (TCIPA) assay and measuring tumor metastasis in a xenograft
mouse model.
Results: A compound 2CP was identified to selectively inhibit PDPNbut not other agonists-induced platelet aggregation (IC50 = 12.1 lM).
The activities of all CLEC-2 downstream signaling proteins examined,
including the newly identified mediators Akt1/PDK1 and PKCl, were
all affected by 2CP. Nevertheless, 2CP did not inhibit the activities of
25 selected protein kinases that play a role in platelet signaling. 2CP
thereby does not appear to directly act on the cytoplasmic signaling
proteins. Instead, 2CP bound CLEC-2 (Kd = 33.2 lM) and competed
for the same PDPN binding residues of R107, R118, R152 and R157
in CLEC-2. 2CP was further defined to possess anti-cancer metastatic
activity by impeding PDPN-mediated TCIPA and augmented the therapeutic efficacy of cisplatin. Pulmonary tumor foci formation and the
body weight loss associated with the increase in tumor burden were
both attenuated by cotreatment of 2CP and cisplatin.
Conclusion: 2CP is the first defined CLEC-2 inhibitor with potential
for developing anti-cancer metastasis regimens.
ABSTRACTS
OR345
Survival after cancer-associated venous thrombosis:
results from the Scandinavian Thrombosis and Cancer
(STAC) study
Crobach M1, Jensvoll H2, Severinsen M3, Hammerstrom J4,
Braekkan S2, Blix K2, Kristensen S5, Tjonneland A6, Rosendaal F7,
Overvad K8, Hansen J-B2, Naess I9 and Cannegieter S7
1
Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Department of
Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden,
The Netherlands; 2K.G. Jebsen Thrombosis Research and
Expertice Centre (TREC), Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT
The Artic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway; 3Department
of Haematology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark;
4
Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine,
Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim,
Norway; 5Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg; 6Diet, Genes and
Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center,
Copenhagen, Denmark; 7Department of Clinical Epidemiology,
Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands;
8
Department of Public Health, Section for Epidemiology, Aarhus
University, Aarhus, Denmark; 9Department of Hematology,
Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
Background: Cancer patients have an increased risk of venous thrombosis. Those cancer patients who develop a venous thrombotic event
(VTE) are reported to have poor survival.
Aims: To investigate the impact of venous thrombosis on survival of
cancer patients in a general population.
Methods: We used data from the Scandinavian Thrombosis and Cancer (STAC) cohort, a population-based cohort including 144,952 subjects without previous VTE or cancer. During follow-up, incident
cancer and VTE were registered. Cancer-related VTE was defined as
VTE diagnosed in patients with overt or occult cancer (i.e., cancer
diagnosed within 1 year after VTE). Survival of subjects without cancer or VTE was compared with survival of subjects diagnosed with
cancer and cancer-related VTE during follow-up. Cox-regression models with cancer and VTE as time-varying exposure were performed to
calculate hazard ratios (HR) for death. Sub-analyses were performed
across various cancer types and stages and type of VTE [i.e., deep vein
thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE)].
Results: During follow-up (mean 11.6 years) 14,621 subjects developed
cancer and 2444 VTE. There were 567 cancer-related VTEs (454 with
overt, 113 with occult cancer). The mortality rates (per 100 person
years) for patients without VTE and without cancer, with VTE only,
with cancer only and with cancer-related VTE were 0.63 (95% CI
0.620.64), 5.0 (95% CI 4.55.5), 11.6 (95% CI 11.311.9) and 45.3
(95% CI 41.050.0), respectively. Compared with subjects without
VTE and cancer, the HR of death for patients with cancer only was
9.4 (95% CI 9.19.8), while it was 25.9 (95% CI 23.428.6) for patients
with cancer and VTE. This association was seen across all cancer
types. Cancer patients with related DVT had a higher risk of death
than cancer patients with PE (HR 28.7, 95% CI 25.232.7 vs. 22.4,
95% CI 18.826.7).
Conclusion: In a general population, cancer patients with VTE had a
much higher risk of death than patients with cancer only.
227
Hemophilia B
OR346
Efficacy, pharmacokinetics (PK) and safety results of a
phase 3 clinical study of recombinant fusion protein
linking coagulation factor IX with albumin (RIX-FP) in
previously treated children with hemophilia B

Kenet G1, Chambost H2, Male C3, Lambert T4, AlvarezRom
an M5, Halimeh S6, Chan A7, Barnes C8, Chernova T9,
Blatny J10, Mancuso ME11, Meunier S12, Komrska V13, Laws HJ14, Morfini M15, Curtain J16, Blazek B17, Voigt C18, Jacobs I18 and
Santagostino E11
1
The Israeli National Haemophilia Center, Chaim Sheba Medical
Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; 2Pediatric Hematology Oncology
Department, Children Hospital La Timone, APHM, Aix Marseille
University, Marseille, France; 3Department of Paediatrics,
Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; 4Centre de
^pital Bicetre, Paris, France;
Traitement des H
emophilies, Ho
5
Hospital la Paz, Madrid, Spain; 6CRC Coagulation Research
Centre GmbH, Duisburg, Germany; 7McMaster Childrens
Hospital, Hamilton, Canada; 8The Royal Childrens Hospital,
Melbourne, Australia; 9Kirov Research Institute of Hematology
and Blood Transfusion, Kirov, Russia; 10Childrens University
Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; 11Angelo
Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, IRCCS Ca
Granda Foundation, Maggiore Hospital Policlinico, Milan, Italy;
12
^pital cardiologique, Lyon,
Hospitalier Universitaire Est, Ho
France; 13University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic;
14
Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical
Immunology, University of Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany;
15
Associazione Italiana Centri Emofilici, Florence, Italy; 16The
Childrens Hospital at Westmead, Sydney Childrens Hospital,
Sydney, Australia; 17University Hospital Ostrava, OstravaPoruba, Czech Republic; 18CSL Behring, King of Prussia, PA, USA
Background: A fusion protein genetically linking recombinant human
coagulation FIX with recombinant human albumin (rIX-FP) has been
developed with an improved PK profile, thus improving hemophilia B
treatment by allowing less frequent dosing.
Aims: In this study in the PROLONG-9FP program, the long-term
safety and efficacy of rIX-FP were evaluated for both prophylaxis and
on-demand treatment of bleeding episodes in children for 12 months
and 50 exposure days (EDs).
Methods: Subjects were previously treated male patients < 12 years (y)
old with hemophilia B (FIX 2%) and they received weekly prophylaxis and on-demand treatment for bleeding episodes. Annualized
spontaneous bleeding rates (AsBR) were calculated. Treatment efficacy was evaluated by number of injections to achieve hemostasis and
Investigator assessment. PK of rIX-FP and previous FIX product
were conducted at the start of the study.
Results: A total of 27 subjects enrolled; 12 were < 6 years. rIX-FP had
an improved PK profile including > 5-fold longer half-life compared
with previous FIX products, supporting a prophylaxis treatment interval of every 714 days. The median (Q1, Q3) AsBR was 0.00 (0.00,
0.91) and was similar between < 6 and 6 years age groups, with
weekly median prophylaxis dose of 46 IU kg1. Overall 97% of bleeding episodes were successfully treated with 1 or 2 injections of rIX-FP
(95% CI: 92% to 99%), and 96% of the treatments were rated effective (excellent or good) by the Investigator. A total of 25/27 subjects
achieved 50 EDs. No subjects developed inhibitors to FIX or antibodies to rIX-FP. There were no related AEs and no withdrawals from
the study.
Conclusion: This phase 3 study demonstrated the clinical efficacy of
rIX-FP for weekly routine prophylaxis and treatment of bleeding epi-
228
ABSTRACTS
sodes in children. A prophylaxis interval of 14-days is viable option

and will be offered in the extension study. In addition, rIX-FP had a
favorable long-term safety and tolerability profile, with no inhibitors
detected.
Disclosure of Interest: G. Kenet Grant/Research Support from: BPL,
Baxter, Prolor Biotech, Consultant for: Prolor Biotech, Bayer, Paid
Instructor at: Pfizer, Novo Nordisk, Speaker Bureau of: Bayer, H.
Chambost Grant/Research Support from: CSL Behring, Novo Nordisk, LFB, Consultant for: CSL Behring, Novo Nordisk, Baxter, Bayer, Pfizer, Speaker Bureau of: Novo Nordisk, LFB, C. Male Speaker

Bureau of: CSL Behring, T. Lambert: None declared, M. AlvarezRom
an Consultant for: Baxter, Bayer, NovoNordisk, Pfizer, S. Halimeh: None declared, A. Chan: None declared, C. Barnes: None
declared, T. Chernova: None declared, J. Blatny Consultant for: Baxter, Speaker Bureau of: Baxter, Bayer, NovoNordisk, M. E. Mancuso
Consultant for: CSL Behring, S. Meunier: None declared, V. Komrska: None declared, H.-J. Laws Consultant for: CSL Behring, Paid
Instructor at: GSK, AstraZeneca, Pfizer, NovoNordisk, M. Morfini
Grant/Research Support from: Bayer, Pfizer, Baxter, Consultant for:
Bayer, Baxter, NovoNordisk, Pfizer, Speaker Bureau of: CSL Behring,
Biotest, Bayer, NovoNordisk, J. Curtain Grant/Research Support
from: CSL Behring, Consultant for: CSL Behring, Baxter, Biogen
Idec, NovoNordisk, B. Blazek: None declared, C. Voigt Employee of:
CSL Behring, I. Jacobs Employee of: CSL Behring, E. Santagostino
Grant/Research Support from: Pfizer, Consultant for: CSL Behring,
Grifols, Bayer, Baxter, Speaker Bureau of: Kedrion, Octapharma, Biotest.
OR347
Efficacy and safety results of a phase 3 pivotal clinical
study of recombinant fusion protein linking
coagulation factor IX with albumin (RIX-FP) in
previously treated patients with hemophilia B
Santagostino E1, Martinowitz U2, Lissitchkov T3, Pan-Petesch B4,
Hanabusa H5, Oldenburg J6, Boggio L7, Negrier C8, PabingerFasching I9, von Depka Prondzinski M10, Altisent C11,

an M14, Voigt C15,
Castaman G12, Yamamoto K13, Alvarez-Rom
15
Jacobs I and on behalf of PROLONG-9FP Investigators
1
IRCCS Ca Granda Foundation, Maggiore Hospital Policlinico,
Milan, Italy; 2The Israeli National Haemophilia Center, Chaim
Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; 3Department of
Coagulation Disorders and Anemia, SHAT Joan Pavel, Sofia,
egional Universitaire de Brest,
Bulgaria; 4Centre Hospitalier R
^pital A. Morvan, Brest, France; 5Ogikubo Hospital, Tokyo,
Ho
Japan; 6Institute of Experimental Haematology and Transfusion
Medicine, University Clinic Bonn, Bonn, Germany; 7Pediatric
^pital
Hematology Oncology, Rush University, Chicago, USA; 8Ho
Edouard Herriot, University Claude Bernard, Lyon, France;
9
Division of Haematology and Haemostaseology, Medical
University of Vienna, Wien, Austria; 10Werlhof Institut,
Hannover, Germany; 11Unitat Hemofilia, Hospital Vall d Hebron,
Barcelona, Spain; 12Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre,
Department of Haematology, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza,
Italy; 13Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan; 14Hospital la
Paz, Madrid, Spain; 15CSL Behring, King of Prussia, PA, USA
ously treated male patients (1261 years) with hemophilia B

(FIX 2%) for 1218 months.
Methods: Subjects in the on-demand arm received only ODT for
6 months and then switched to 7-day PT. Subjects in the prophylaxis
arm received 7-day PT for 6 months, and eligible subjects switched to
10- or 14-day PT interval. Annualized spontaneous bleeding rates
(AsBR) were compared between ODT and PT periods (on-demand
arm), and between 7-day PT and 10- or 14-day PT (prophylaxis arm).
Treatment efficacy was evaluated by the number of injections to
achieve hemostasis.
Results: A total of 63 subjects were enrolled from Europe, Japan,
Israel and US. In the on-demand arm, 19/23 subjects switched to 7day PT after completing 6 months ODT. The median (Q1, Q3) AsBR
during ODT and PT was 15.43 (7.98, 17.96) and 0.00 (0.00, 0.96),
respectively, a reduction of 100% (P < 0.0001). Twenty-one subjects
extended their treatment interval to 14-day PT. All PT subjects
(n = 40) on 7-, 10- and 14-day PT had a median AsBR of 0.00. Subjects on 14-day PT (5075 IU kg1) reduced consumption by 50%
over their prior FIX product. A total of 98.6% of bleeding episodes
were successfully treated with 2 injections of rIX-FP, 93.6% with 1
injection. No subjects developed inhibitors to FIX or antibodies to
rIX-FP and there were no related serious adverse events during the
study.
Conclusion: This phase 3 study demonstrated the clinical efficacy of
rIX-FP for routine prophylaxis once 7-, 10- and 14-days and ondemand treatment of bleeding episodes. In addition, rIX-FP demonstrated favorable long-term safety and tolerability.
Disclosure of Interest: E. Santagostino Grant/Research Support from:
Pfizer, Consultant for: CSL Behring, Grifols, Bayer, Baxter, Speaker
Bureau of: Kedrion, Octapharma, Biotest, U. Martinowitz: None
declared, T. Lissitchkov: None declared, B. Pan-Petesch: None
declared, H. Hanabusa: None declared, J. Oldenburg Grant/Research
Support from: Baxter, Bayer, Biotest, CSL Behring, Grifols, Novo
Nordisk, Octapharma, Swedish Orphan Biovitrum, Pfizer, Consultant
for: Baxter, Bayer, Biogen Idec, Biotest, CSL Behring, Grifols, Novo
Nordisk, Octapharma, Swedish Orphan Biovitrum, Pfizer, Speaker
Bureau of: Baxter, Bayer, Biogen Idec, Biotest, CSL Behring, Grifols,
Novo Nordisk, Octapharma, Swedish Orphan Biovitrum, Pfizer, L.
Boggio: None declared, C. Negrier Consultant for: CSL Behring, I.
Pabinger-Fasching Grant/Research Support from: CSL Behring, Consultant for: CSL Behring, M. von Depka Prondzinski: None declared,
C. Altisent: None declared, G. Castaman Consultant for: CSL Beh
ring, K. Yamamoto: None declared, M. Alvarez-Rom
an Consultant
for: Baxter, Bayer, NovoNordisk, Pfizer, C. Voigt Employee of: CSL
Behring, I. Jacobs Employee of: CSL Behring.
Background: A fusion protein genetically linking recombinant human

coagulation FIX with recombinant human albumin (rIX-FP) has been
developed with an improved PK profile, thus improving hemophilia B
treatment by allowing less frequent dosing.
Aims: In the PROLONG-9FP program, safety and efficacy of rIX-FP
were evaluated for prophylaxis treatment (PT) of every 7-, 10- and 14days and on-demand treatment (ODT) of bleeding episodes in previ 2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997
ABSTRACTS
OR348
Perioperative hemostatic management of major
surgery in hemophilia B with long-acting recombinant
glycopegylated factor IX: results from the paradigmTM3
clinical trial
Escobar M1, Colberg T2, Karim F3, Caliskan U4, Chowdary P5,
Giangrande P6, Giermasz A7, Mancuso ME8, Serban M9,
Tsay W10, Zak M2 and Mahlangu J11
1
University of Texas Health Science Center and the Gulf States
Hemophilia and Thrombophilia Center, Houston, TX, USA;
2
Novo Nordisk A/S, Sborg, Denmark; 3National Blood Centre,
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; 4Meram Faculty of Medicine,
Department of Pediatric Hematology, Konya, Turkey; 5Katharine
Dormandy Haemophilia Centre and Thrombosis Unit, Royal Free
Hospital, London; 6Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK; 7University of
California, San Francisco, CA, USA; 8Fondazione IRCCS Ca
Granda, Milan, Italy; 9IIIrd Paediatric Clinic, Timisoara, Romania;
10
National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan;
11
Johannesburg, South Africa
Background: Current challenges in hemophilia B patients undergoing
major surgery are the need for frequent monitoring of factor IX (FIX)
levels and the risk of postoperative bleeding. Nonacog beta pegol, a
recombinant glycoPEGylated FIX with a prolonged half-life offering
high trough levels (Blood 2011;118:2695), has the potential to improve
perioperative management of hemophilia B patients.
Aims: To evaluate efficacy and safety of nonacog beta pegol in hemophilia B patients undergoing major surgical procedures.
Methods: A surgery trial was conducted in 13 previously treated hemophilia B patients (FIX 2%). The trial was approved by independent
ethics committees and patients provided written informed consent. All
patients received a preoperative bolus injection of 80 IU kg1. Postoperatively, the patients received a fixed dose of 40 IU kg1 repeated at
the investigators discretion. Efficacy was assessed intra- and postoperatively. Safety assessments included monitoring of adverse events and
immunogenicity.
Results: Apart from the preoperative injection, none of the patients
needed additional doses on the day of surgery. The median (range)
number of postoperative doses was 2.0 (04) from Day 1 to 6 and 1.5
(03) from Day 7 to 13, which compares well with previously modelled
PK results (J Thromb Haemost 2012;10:2305). The mean total consumption was 241 IU kg1 from Day of surgery to Day 14+. Intraoperative hemostatic effect was excellent/good in all 13 cases. Based on
the type and extent of the surgeries, no unexpected intra- or postoperative bleeding or other complications were observed. No patients developed inhibitors. No thromboembolic events were observed.
Conclusion: The results indicate that nonacog beta pegol was safe and
effective for surgery. Perioperative consumption and number of injections were considerably lower than reported for any other FIX products offering distinct advantages over currently used frequent bolus
injections and continuous infusion.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Escobar Grant/Research Support from: Pfizer, Paid Instructor at: Baxter, Bayer, Biogen, CSL Behring, Novo Nordisk, T. Colberg Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S, F. Karim: None
declared, U. Caliskan: None declared, P. Chowdary Grant/Research
Support from: Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, CSL Behring, Consultant for:
Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, CSL Behring, Baxter, Biogen Idec, Bayer, P.
Giangrande Grant/Research Support from: Novo Nordisk, Consultant for: Novo Nordisk, A. Giermasz: None declared, M. Mancuso
Consultant for: Baxter, Bayer Healthcare, Pfizer, Novo Nordisk, CSL
Behring and SOBI, Speaker Bureau of: Baxter, Bayer Healthcare, Pfizer, Novo Nordisk, CSL Behring and SOBI, M. Serban: None declared,
W. Tsay Grant/Research Support from: Novo Nordisk, Paid Instructor at: Novo Nordisk, M. Zak Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S, J.
Mahlangu Grant/Research Support from: Novo Nordisk, Bayer, Bio-
229
gen and CSL Behring, Paid Instructor at: Bayer, Biogen and CSL Behring.
OR349
Improved health-related quality of life (QoL) of
haemophilia B patients treated with a weekly
40 IU kg1 dose of a new long-acting recombinant
factor IX (FIX) product, nonacog beta pegol
Chowdary P1, Kearney S2, Yee D3, Meunier J4, Slothuus U5 and
Hoxer CS5
1
KD Haemophilia Centre and Thrombosis Unit, Royal Free
Hospital, London, UK; 2CHCMN Hemophilia and Thrombosis
Center, Childrens Hospital and Clinics of Minnesota,
Minneapolis; 3Texas Childrens Hemophilia & Thrombosis
Center, Houston, USA; 4HEOR and Straegic Market Access, Mapi,
Lyon, France; 5Novo Nordisk A/S, Soborg, Denmark
Background: Haemophilia B is an X-linked recessive disorder in which
bleeding can occur in joints, muscles and soft tissues, potentially
affecting patients QoL. Management includes injection of FIX 23
times/week to prevent bleeds [prophylaxis (PPX)] or as on-demand
treatment (OD) of bleeds. Nonacog beta pegol is a long-acting FIX
product enabling less frequent injections.
Aims: To assess QoL of haemophilia B patients treated with nonacog
beta pegol.
Methods: Patients aged 1370 years with FIX activity level 2% were
included in a single-blind, multi-national phase 3 trial evaluating safety
and clinical efficacy of nonacog beta pegol. Patients were treated OD
for 28 weeks or randomised to once weekly PPX (10 IU kg1 or
40 IU kg1) for 52 weeks. Questionnaires were completed at baseline
(BL) and at end-of-trial (EOT) visit. Adults (1770 years) completed
the Haemophilia-Adults-Quality of life (HAEM-A-QOL) questionnaire. For children (1316 years), parent and children versions of the
Haemophilia-Quality of life questionnaire (HAEMO-QOL) were completed. Changes from BL to EOT visit in each treatment arm were
tested using the Wilcoxon signed rank test.
Results: There were 59 adults (13 in OD, 24 in PPX 10 IU kg1 and 22
in PPX 40 IU kg1) and 15 children (2 in OD, 6 in PPX 10 IU kg1
and 7 in PPX 40 IU kg1) in the trial, mean age 33 and 14 years
respectively. The PPX 40 IU kg1 adult arm reported significant
improvements (negative change) for the HAEM-A-QOL domains:
Feeling (-15.2 18.3, P = 0.0098), Sport (15.3 19.0, P = 0.0195),
Partnership (-9.6 15.5, P = 0.0313) and total HAEM-A-QOL score
(6.4 8.5, P = 0.0166). No significant changes were reported in the
OD or PPX 10 IU kg1 adult arm, or for children in any treatment
arm.
Conclusion: Adults treated with 40 IU kg1 nonacog beta pegol once
weekly PPX reported significant improvements in several key HAEMA-QOL domain scores and in the overall HAEM-A-QOL score. For
adults on the 10 IU kg1 week1 PPX or OD and for children, QoL
was unchanged.
Disclosure of Interest: P. Chowdary Grant/Research Support from:
Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, CSL Behring, Consultant for: Novo Nordisk,
Pfizer, CSL Behring, Baxter, Biogen Idec, Speaker Bureau of: Bayer,
S. Kearney Grant/Research Support from: Local PI for Novo Nordisk, Bayer and Biogen Studies, Consultant for: Biogen Ad Board Participant, D. Yee: None declared, J. Meunier Employee of: Mapi, U.
Slothuus Employee of: Novo Nordisk, C. Hoxer Employee of: Novo
Nordisk.
230
ABSTRACTS
OR350
Population pharmacokinetics (PK) of recombinant
fusion protein linking coagulation factor IX with
recombinant albumin (RIX-FP) in adult and pediatric
patients with severe hemophilia B
Limsakun T1, Zhang Y1, Sidhu J2, Bensen-Kennedy D1,
Feussner A3, Voigt C1, Jacobs I1, Santagostino E4 and
Massimo M5
1
R&D Clinical Development, CSL Behring, King of prussia, USA;
2
R&D Clinical Development, CSL, Parkville, Australia; 3PRD, CSL
Behring GmbH, Marburg, Germany; 4IRCCS Ca Granda
Foundation, Maggiore Hospital Policlinico, Milan; 5Tuscany
Association Hemophilia Patients, Tuscany, Italy
Background: rIX-FP was developed to extend the half-life of FIX,
improving hemophilia B treatment by allowing less frequent dosing
than the standard FIX products. Four trials in the PROLONG-9FP
clinical program were completed in previously treated adult and pediatric patients with hemophilia B (FIX 2%). To our knowledge, no
population PK (PPK) model has been undertaken for FIX products to
simultaneously analyze FIX activity data from patients aged 1
61 years (y).
Aims: A PPK model was developed to characterize rIX-FP PK, to
describe and identify demographic and clinical covariates of rIX-FP
PK variability and to simulate FIX activity-time profiles for various
dosing regimens.
Methods: Blood PK samples from 104 patients were collected to determine the plasma FIX activity using a validated one-stage clotting
assay. PPK modeling was performed using NONMEM 7, including
the assessment of potential covariates on rIX-FP PK. Visual predictive
check (VPC) was used for model evaluation.
Results: A 2-compartmental model appropriately described the rIXFP PK. Body weight was a significant covariate on clearance and both
central and peripheral volumes of distribution, and weight-adjusted
dose was a significant covariate on central volume. The VPC results
confirmed model stability, and the PK parameters were estimated with
good precision. For the respective age groups of 12 years, 6 to
< 12 years and < 6 years, simulations based on the final PPK model
predicted a median trough activity of 5%, 2% and 1% after
50 IU kg1 rIX-FP once every 14 days, and 8, 4, 3% after 25 IU kg1
once weekly. Time to 1% after a single dose was also estimated.
Conclusion: The PPK model adequately characterized rIX-FP PK. The
PK parameters estimated by the PPK model were consistent with those
by the non-compartmental approach, and results of the prediction
support FIX activity measured in clinical studies. This model can be
utilized as a tool to simulate FIX activity-time profiles for various dosing scenarios of rIX-FP.
Disclosure of Interest: T. Limsakun Employee of: CSL Behring, Y.
Zhang Employee of: CSL Behring, J. Sidhu Employee of: CSL, D.
Bensen-Kennedy Employee of: CSL Behring, A. Feussner Employee
of: CSL Behring GmbH, C. Voigt Employee of: CSL Behring, I.
Jacobs Employee of: CSL Behring, E. Santagostino Consultant for:
CSL Behring, M. Massimo Consultant for: CSL Behring.
Contact System II
OR351
Role of FXIIa, FXIa, and platelet-derived polyphosphate
in thrombin generation using human whole blood
perfused over a collagen/tissue factor surface
Zhu S1, Travers R2, Morrissey J2 and Diamond S1
1
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering,
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; 2Department of
Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign,
Urbana, USA
Background: FXII and FXI contribute to thrombosis in animal models. Platelet derived polyphosphate serve as FXII activator and mediator for thrombin activation of FXI, while attenuating fibrinolysis by
enhancing fibrin structure. However, these pathways have not been
well quantified with human blood under defined flow conditions over
defined surfaces.
Aims: To develop a microfluidic assay of platelet deposition and coagulation on collagen/tissue factor (TF) surfaces that can trigger thrombin generation via contact and/or extrinsic pathway and to
differentiate the relative contribution of FXIIa, FXIa, and polyphosphate in clot formation, stability, and function under flow.
Methods: Human blood was anticoagulated with low [CTI] (corn trypsin inhibitor, 4 lg mL1) and was labeled with fluorescent anti-CD 61
antibody and fluorescent fibrinogen. Blood was treated with FXI antibody 14E11 (blocks FXI activation by FXIIa), O1A6 (blocks FIX
activation by FXIa) or PPXbd (polyphosphate binding protein) and
perfused over collagen/TF surface at 100 s1 in 8-channel microfluidic
device within 5 min of phlebotomy. Platelet deposition and fibrin formation were monitored by fluorescent microscopy for 400 s (or 1600s
if tPA was added to study fibrinolysis).
Results: 14E11 and O1A6 blocked fibrin formation under null TF condition. At low TF level (< 0.1 molec lm2), both antibodies reduced
fibrin formation. In contrast, at high TF level (> 0.5 molec lm2),
fibrin formation was normal. Inhibiting polyphosphate only delayed
fibrin formation at low TF level. Thrombi formed with PPXbd were
more susceptible to lysis and experienced more contraction. Platelet
deposition was not affected by the two antibodies or PPXbd.
Conclusion: Contact pathway was indispensable for thrombin generation under null TF condition. Polyphosphate modulates clotting under
flow primarily through: (i) potentiating thrombin activation of FXI,
(ii) enhancing fibrin structure, (iii) attenuating contraction.
OR352
Antithrombotic effect of ONO-8610539, a new, potent
and selective small molecule factor XIa inhibitor, in a
monkey model of arteriovenous shunt
Sakai M, Hagio T, Koyama S, Gohda M, Suzuki K, Ono T,
Kondo T, Nishiyama T, Tanaka K, Matsuya H, Imagawa A,
Hirota Y and Kawabata K
ONO Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
Background: Patients with severe factor XI (FXI) deficiency have a
low risk of deep vein thrombosis. In addition, FXI antisense oligonucleotide prevented venous thrombosis in human and seems to be safe
in terms of bleeding risk (N Engl J Med 2015;372:232-240). Thus, FXI
is considered to be a promising drug target.
Aims: ONO-8610539 is a new, potent and highly selective small molecule inhibitor of activated human FXI (FXIa), and inhibited venous
thrombosis in rabbits without increasing bleeding risk [Gohda et al.
ABSTRACTS
Blood 2014;124(21):1542]. We evaluated in vitro anticoagulant and
in vivo antithrombotic effects of ONO-8610539 in monkeys.
Methods: Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT) were measured in vitro, and the APTT-doubling
concentration (APTT2) was calculated. The saphenous artery and vein
of the hind leg of cynomolgus monkey were connected by an arteriovenous (AV) shunt in which a copper wire was placed. Blood was perfused to the AV shunt for 15 min to form a thrombus, followed by
measurement of thrombus weight on the wire. ONO-8610539 intravenous infusion was started 60 min before blood perfusion. Blood samples were collected just before blood perfusion to measure plasma
ONO-8610539 concentration, APTT, and PT.
Results: ONO-8610539 showed an anticoagulant effect in monkey
plasma with APTT2 of 130 nmol L1, which is almost equal to human
APTT2 (98 nmol L1), however, it barely prolonged PT at
33 lmol L1. ONO-8610539 significantly inhibited thrombus formation in monkeys at doses of 6 lg kg1 h1 or higher. ONO-8610539 at
6 lg kg1 h1 produced a plasma concentration of 39.4 nmol L1
and 1.4-fold APTT prolongation over control. We are assessing the
hemorrhagic effect in monkeys and will show the result at the presentation.
Conclusion: ONO-8610539, a new, potent and selective small molecule
FXIa inhibitor, showed potent anticoagulant and antithrombotic
effects in monkeys, hence is expected to be a promising anticoagulant
drug without increasing bleeding risk.
OR353
Platelet polyphosphate accelerates the inhibition of
TFPI by factor XIa
Puy C1, Tucker EI1, Gruber A1, Gailani D2, Smith SA3, Choi SH3,
Morrissey JH3 and McCarty OJ1
1
Oregon Health & Science University, Portland; 2Vanderbilt
University School of Medicine, Nashville; 3University of Illinois,
Urbana, USA
Background: Alpha tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPIa) can be
neutralized by activated factor XI (FXIa), accelerating plasma clotting
time and fibrin generation, although this reaction is slow and requires
relatively high concentrations of FXIa. Activated platelets secrete
polyphosphate (polyP), which accelerates the activation of FXI by
thrombin and the activation of FV by FXIa. PolyP is also able to inhibit the anticoagulant effect of TFPIa in plasma but the mechanism for
this reaction is still uncertain.
Aims: The aim of the present study was to determine whether platelet
polyP is a cofactor for the inhibition of TFPIa by FXIa.
Methods: To measure the binding of polyP to TFPI, biotinylatedpolyP was added to TFPIa-coated wells. Binding was detected with
HRP-streptavidin. Activated FX (FXa) inhibition by TFPIa was measured in the FXa-initiated clotting time of FX-depleted plasma. TFPIa
inhibition of FXa generation by the tissue factor (TF)-FVIIa complex
was measuring using a FXa chromogenic substrate.
Results: We found that polyP was able to bind to TFPIa in a concentration-dependent manner. In the absence of polyP, the pretreatment
of TFPIa (5 nM) with 1 nM FXIa for 1 h abrogated the anticoagulant
effect of TFPIa in the FXa-initiated clotting time of FX-depleted
plasma. In the presence of polyP (10 lM), the pretreatment of TFPIa
(5 nM) with 0.25 nM FXIa for 30 min was enough to completely
abrogate the anticoagulant effect of TFPIa in plasma. Also, the presence of polyP potently accelerated the effect of FXIa to inhibit the
capacity of TFPIa to block the generation of FX by the TF-FVIIa
complex.
Conclusion: Our study provides a novel molecular link between hemostatic activation of platelets and FXI. The results suggest that the hemostatic role of FXIa may be attributed not only to activation of FIX
231
but also to promoting the extrinsic pathway of thrombin generation

through inactivation of TFPIa by FXIa, which is significantly
enhanced by platelet-derived polyP.
OR354
Binding of polyphosphate to contact pathway enzymes
is dependent on transition metals
Smith SA, Collins JN, Ito B and Morrissey JH
Biochemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, USA
Background: Inorganic polyphosphates (polyP) are linear phosphate
polymers that are secreted from platelet dense granules and modulate
blood clotting and inflammation. We previously reported that polyP
enhances autoactivation of factor (F) FXII and FXI, activation of
FXI by thrombin, and activation of FV by FXIa. Zinc ions have been
reported to contribute to the activities of enzymes and cofactors in the
contact pathway of blood clotting. PolyP is known to bind to many
divalent metal ions, but the role of transition metals bound to polyP in
blood clotting is not understood. In particular, it is likely that previous
studies from our lab and others of the interactions of polyP with blood
clotting proteins included unknown amounts of various trace metal
ions already bound to polyP.
Aims: Evaluate the role of transition metal ions in the interaction of
polyP with FXIIa, FXIa and kallikrein.
Methods: FXIIa, FXIa, and kallikrein were exhaustively depleted of
trace divalent metal ions, as were buffers. Biotinylated polyP was captured on streptavidin-coated microplates, then incubated with FXIIa,
FXIa, or kallikrein with 10 mM EDTA or various concentrations (0
30 lM) of CoCl2, CuCl2, NiCl2 or ZnCl2. After washing, bound
enzymes were quantified using appropriate chromogenic substrates.
Results: FXIIa, FXIa and kallikrein did not bind polyP in the presence
of EDTA. Binding of FXIIa to polyP was greatly stimulated by 1 lM
Co2+, Cu2+, Ni2+ or Zn2 + . FXIa binding to polyP was greatly
stimulated by 5 lM Cu2+, less so with Ni2+ or Zn2+, and not at all
with Co2+. Kallikrein binding to polyP was minimal with Co2+,
Cu2+ or Ni2+, but increased in a concentration-dependent manner
with Zn2 + . Binding of none of these enzymes to polyP was enhanced
by Ca2+ or Mg2+.
Conclusion: Interactions between polyP and enzymes of the contact
pathway are highly dependent on transition metal ions, with FXIIa,
FXIa and kallikrein displaying different metal ion-dependences.
OR355
Coagulation factor XII binding to apoptotic cells
initiates thrombin generation
Yang A1, Colman RW2 and Wu Y2
1
Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou,
China; 2Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center, Temple
Background: Apoptosis occurs in a variety of pathological conditions
and it has been well known that apoptotic cells are procoagulant and
are associated with thrombotic disorders. However, the mechanisms
underlying procoagulant activity of apoptotic cells remain poorly
understood. We recently found that factor XII (FXII) binds to apoptotic cells and becomes cleaved, suggesting that the activation of the
contact system contributes to procoagulant activity of apoptotic cells.
Aims: In this study, we determined the role of FXII in thrombin generation mediated by apoptotic cells.
232
ABSTRACTS
Methods: The binding of FXII to apoptotic cells and FXII activation

were measured by flow cytometry, Biacore and FXIIa chromogenic
assay respectively. The contribution of FXII in clotting time and
thrombin generation on apoptotic cells was further characterized.
Results: (1)FXII bound to apoptotic cells in a concentration-dependent manner, PS liposome significantly inhibited the binding. The sensorgrams showed an increase in response units that was reflective of
PS binding, and the binding response was concentration dependent.
Incubation of FXII with apoptotic cells, but not viable cells, resulted
in its rapid cleavage and activation. (2) Compared with viable cells,
apoptotic cells significantly shortened clotting time of recalcified citrated plasma. However, FXII-deficient plasma exhibited markedly-prolonged clotting time mediated by apoptotic cells of normal plasma,
which was reversed by the reconstitution of FXII. In a thrombin generation assay, apoptotic cells significantly increased thrombin generation, however blocking of PS by annexin V, inhibition of FXII or the
deficiency of FXII diminished apoptotic cells-induced thrombin generation. Addition of 375 nM FXII to FXII-deficient plasma recovered
thrombin generation near to the normal plasma level.
Conclusion: FXII binds to apoptotic cells via PS leading to thrombin
generation. Our observations reveal a novel mechanism underlying
apoptotic cells-mediated procoagulant activity.
Cancer and thrombosis basic I

OR356
Synergistic anti-tumor effects with dabigatran etexilate
and cisplatin in a murine ovarian cancer model
Alexander E1, Hayes C1, Minton A1, Jain KB1, Goss A2, Van Ryn J3
and Gilmour S1
1
Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA;
2
Department of CardioMetabolic Disease Research, Boehringer
Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, CT, USA;
3
Department of CardioMetabolic Disease Research, Boehringer
Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KG, Biberach an der Riss,
Germany
Background: Cancer is often associated with an increased risk of
thrombotic events which can be exacerbated by treatment with standard chemotherapeutic agents. Both coagulation factors and thrombin
are increased in tumors. Thrombin can drive cancer progression
directly through the activation of protease-activated receptors and
platelets or indirectly by generating fibrin matrices.
Aims: To investigate the extent and the mechanism by which treatment
with the oral thrombin inhibitor, dabigatran etexilate (DE), acts synergistically with cisplatin to block tumor spread in a murine ovarian
tumor model.
Methods: The effect of combined treatment with cisplatin and DE was
evaluated following i.p. injection of ID8 ovarian adenocarcinoma cells
in C57BL6 mice. Peritoneal tumor spread of ID8 tumor cells expressing the luciferase reporter gene was monitored by bioluminescence
imaging. Treatment was initiated when ID8 bioluminescence was elevated at 5 weeks past ID8 tumor cell injection. Mice were treated once
a week with low dose cisplatin (1 or 2 mg kg1, i.p.) with or without
DE (oral gavage, 80 mg kg1, bid or supplemented in the chow).
Results: Although low dose cisplatin alone or DE alone did not inhibit
peritoneal tumor spread, co-treatment with both DE and cisplatin significantly (P 0.05) decreased ID8 tumor spread as measured by bioluminescence. The number of circulating tissue factor+ microparticles
(TF+ MPs) (particularly of MPs of platelet origin) in DE-treated
tumor-bearing mice was decreased to levels found in non-tumor bearing mice. Analyses of ascites fluid collected from tumor-bearing mice
revealed that levels of cytokines (including IL-6, MCP-1, IL-10, and
TGF-b) were decreased by ~75% in mice treated with DE with or

without cisplatin.
Conclusion: These results suggest that dabigatran may be beneficial in
not only preventing thrombotic events in cancer patients, but also as
adjunct therapy to treat malignant ovarian tumors. (Supported by
funds from Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma).
Disclosure of Interest: E. Alexander Grant/Research Support from:
Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma, C. Hayes Grant/Research Support
from: Boehringer Ingelheim Pharm, A. Minton: None declared, K.
Jain: None declared, A. Goss Employee of: Boehringer Ingelheim
Pharma, J. Van Ryn Employee of: Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma, S.
Gilmour: None declared.
OR357
Podoplanin expression and intravascular platelet
aggregates: the missing link between cancer and
thrombosis in primary malignant brain tumors
Riedl J1, Preusser M1, Posch F1, Marosi C1, Birner P2, Thaler J1,
Hainfellner J3, Pabinger I1 and Ay C1
1
Medicine I; 2Clinical Institute of Pathology; 3Institute of
Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common clinical
problem in patients with primary malignant brain tumors, and underlying mechanisms are unclear.
Aims: We explored the association of podoplanin, a sialomucin-like
gylycoprotein that has the ability to induce blood platelet activation
and aggregation, with VTE in primary malignant brain tumors.
Methods: Immunohistochemical staining against podoplanin and
platelet surface protein CD61 was performed in primary brain tumor
specimens of 213 adult patients (mostly high-grade gliomas [89%])
included in the Vienna Cancer and Thrombosis Study (CATS), a prospective observational cohort study of patients with newly diagnosed
cancer or progressive disease. Primary endpoint was symptomatic
VTE.
Results: During 2-year-follow-up, 29 (13.6%) patients developed VTE.
In total, 151 (70.9%) tumor specimens stained positive for podoplanin
(33 high expression, 47 medium expression, 71 low expression).
Patients with podoplanin positive tumors had a lower blood platelet
count (Median [25th75th percentile], G/l: 227 [186285] vs. 286 [241
355]; P < 0.001) and higher D-dimer levels (mg mL1: 0.85 [0.461.92]
vs. 0.42 [0.230.79]; P < 0.001). Increasing podoplanin staining intensity was associated with increasing levels of CD61-positive intravascular platelet aggregates in tumor specimens (P < 0.001).
In Cox regression analysis, high podoplanin expression was associated
with an increased risk of VTE (hazard ratio [HR] for high vs. no podoplanin expression: 5.75, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.7119.27;
P = 0.005). This association was independent of age, sex and tumor
grade (HR 5.71, 95% CI: 1.5221.26; P = 0.010).
Conclusion: High podoplanin expression in primary malignant brain
tumors, which correlates with intravascular platelet aggregates, lower
blood platelet counts and hypercoagulability, is associated with
increased risk of VTE. Our study might provide a novel mechanistic
insight into the pathogenesis of VTE in patients with primary malignant brain tumors.
ABSTRACTS
OR358
The gene encoding vitamine K-dependent
anticoagulant protein S: a positive regulator of lung
cancer cell migration and invasion
Suleiman L
Onco-hematology, Inserm, Lyon, France
Background: Cancer is often associated with venous thrombosis, a phenomenon that was described by Trousseau. However the molecular
basis of this interaction is not well understood. Protein S (PS) is now
emerging as a key anticoagulant protein at the crossroads of multiple
biological processes. Following binding to a unique family of protein
tyrosine kinase receptors referred to as Tyro-3, Axl and Mer (TAM)
receptors, PS can lead to regulation of coagulation, phagocytosis of
apoptotic cells, cell survival, activation of innate immunity, angiogenesis, and cancer progression.
Aims: The aim of this study is to address the role of PS in cancer developement and progression.
Methods: We used adenoviral overexpression of PS and generated stable knock-down cell lines expressing shRNA targeting PS.
Results: We now demonstrate that PS is overexpressed in clinical lung
tumor samples. Using a panel of lung carcinoma cell lines derived from
tumors of all major histologic subtypes, we also showed that PS is significantly upregulated in all cell lines compared to normal human
bronchial epithelial cells (NHBE) or nontumorigenic human bronchial
epithelial cell line derived from normal bronchus. Regulating PS
expression using either a replication-incompetent adenovirus or PS
shRNA lentiviral particles expressing sense PS or antisense PS, respectively, modifies the transformed phenotypes (i.e. migration and invasion) and alters colony formation and tumor growth ability in vivo. A
direct relationship is observed between PS expression and increased
phosphorylation between of ERK1/2, JNK, and p38/MAPK pathways. Treatment of lung cancer cells with TAM receptors shRNA lentiviral particles decreased Tyro-3 and Mer-induced PS signaling
pathways.
Conclusion: The present finding uncover a new role of PS as an important anticoagulant protein that initiates through TAM receptors multiple signaling pathways and leads to cancer progression. PS may
provide a promising new focus to the management of thrombotic complications associated with cancer.
OR359
Anti-tumor role of antithrombin by inhibition of
enteropeptidase through a novel mechanism

Aguila
S1, Luengo-Gil G1, Martn-Villar E2, Bohdan N1,
n AI1, Espn S1, Ayala F1, Vicente V1,
Quintanilla M2, Anto
1
Corral J and Martnez-Martnez I1
1
edica, Hospital
n, Universidad De Murcia, Imib-Arrixaca, Murcia,
Hemodonacio
Murcia; 2Carcinogenesis Epitelial, Instituto de Investigaciones
Biom
edicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Madrid, Spain
Background: Antithrombin (AT) is a key inhibitor of the coagulation
cascade, whose deficiency increases the risk of thrombosis. However,
AT may also function as anti-inflammatory, anti-viral and anti-apoptotic.
Aims: To explore the potential anti-tumor effect of AT by characterizing its ability to inhibit a protease involved in metastasis, enteropeptidase (EP).
Methods: Characterization (electroproretic and chromogenic assays)
of the interaction between EP and AT using purified proteins and AT
mutants (R47C and DelR393), and using cells expressing EP on their
233
surface (LoVo, SK-BR-3 and U-87MG). Angiogenesis of endothelial

cells, experiments of wound healing and degradation of a gelatin
matrix mediated by invadopodia using U-87MG cells. Immunohistofluorescence of EP and AT in tumors surgically removed from carcinoma cell xenografts in nu/nu mice by confocal microscopy.
Results: AT was able to inhibit EP in vitro and on the cells membrane
surface. This process required the activation of AT by heparin, being
low molecular heparin the most efficient cofactor in comparison with
pentasaccharide and unfractionated heparin. Characterization of this
inhibition revealed that both functional domains of AT, the reactive
centre loop and the heparin binding site, are required. Interestingly,
the mechanism of inhibition of EP by AT is slightly different than that
used on procoagulant proteases, as it exerts a non-covalent inhibition
of this target. The addition of AT-heparin to U-87MG cells reduced
cell migration and invasion. Finally, carcinoma cell xenografts in nude
mice cells revealed the co-localization of EP and AT in vivo. Moreover,
as a consequence of the EP inhibition, AT is cleaved and in such conformation has anti-angiogenic effects reducing the vessel formation of
endothelial cells.
Conclusion: AT inhibits EP by a novel mechanism that may have a
double anti-tumor effect, as a protease involved in metastasis is inhibited and an anti-angiogenic molecule is generated.
OR360
Expression of coagulation proteases from the APC
pathway in tumours from gynaecological cancer
patients with and without venous thrombosis
Martin F1, OToole SA2,3, Long JC1, OLeary JJ3, Gleeson N2,4,
Saadeh FA4 and Norris LA1
1
Coagulation Research Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and
Gynaecology; 2Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology;
3
Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin;
4
Department of Gynaecology-oncology, St. James Hospital,
Dublin, Ireland
Background: Gynaecological malignancies have been associated with
high rates of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Thrombus formation
is complex in cancer and may be explained by release of procoagulant
material from malignant tumours.
Aims: The aim of this study was to compare gene expression of proteases of the APC pathway in tumours from gynaecological cancer
patients with and without VTE complications compared with benign
tumours.
Methods: RNA was extracted from 78 stored fresh frozen tumour samples. All patients gave informed consent and the study was approved
by the local ethics committee. 27 cases of gynaecological cancer complicated by VTE were identified (ovarian n = 19, endometrial n = 8)
and matched to 27 malignant cases without VTE (ovarian n = 20;
endometrial n = 7) and compared with 24 benign cases. mRNA
expression of endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR), protein S (PS),
protein C (PC), thrombomodulin (TM), Factor V (FV) and VIII
(FVIII) was measured using TaqMan Low Density Arrays.
Results: When compared with benign tumours, mRNA expression of
EPCR (P < 0.004; P < 0.02), PS (P < 0.001; P < 0.001) and FVIII
(P < 0.013; P < 0.004) were significantly down-regulated and FV was
significantly up-regulated (P < 0.001; P < 0.002), in tumours from
patients with malignancies complicated by VTE and malignancies who
were VTE free respectively. TM was downregulated in malignant
tumours from both groups but this did not reach statistical significance. Low levels of PC expression was found in some tumours but
this was inconsistent across all tissues. There was no significant differences in mRNA expression from patients with gynaecological malignancies complicated by VTE compared with those who were VTE free.
234
ABSTRACTS
Conclusion: Changes in tumour mRNA expression of proteins in the

APC pathway does not explain the VTE associated with gynaecological malignancy. Reduced expression of key proteins associated with
activation of protein C combined with increased expression in FV may
contribute to local thrombin production and tumour progression.
ADAMTS 13
OR361
Exosite interactions uncover a broad substrate
recognition profile for ADAMTS13
Kretz CA1, Tomberg K2, Yee A1 and Ginsburg D2
1
Life Sciences Institute; 2Human Genetics, University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
Background: The metalloprotease ADAMTS13 (Ats13) cleaves von
Willebrand Factor (VWF), reducing multimer length and controlling
platelet binding activity. Ats13 is secreted as an active protease, has no
known natural inhibitors, and VWF is its only known substrate. These
unique features suggest that Ats13 exhibits a narrow substrate specificity profile.
Aims: Define the breadth of Ats13 substrate specificity.
Methods: A substrate phage display library (6N) consisting of random
6 amino acid (AA) peptides inserted between the PIII protein and a
FLAG tag was screened by proteolysis with Ats13 or thrombin (IIa)
to define their substrate sequence requirements. A second library (6NVWF73) was also constructed with random 6 AA peptides substituted
for the P3-P30 residues in VWF73 (a 73 AA fragment of VWF).
Cleaved phages were recovered and the sequences determined using
high throughput DNA sequencing (HTS).
Results: The 6N library (2.3 9 108 independent clones) accounted for
all 6.4 9 107 possible AA combinations at the 6 positions. Selection
by IIa revealed 6722 cleaved peptides, 99.7% of which contained Arg.
As expected, P-R-S was the dominant motif, validating our method.
Selection of the 6N library by Ats13 yielded 96 cleaved peptides. V, W,
M, and L were enriched among cleaved peptides, but no clear motif
emerged. By contrast, Ats13 cleaved 1670 unique peptides from 6NVWF73. L-V-Y-M-V-T (the native P3-P30 sequence in VWF) was
among the top 100 enriched peptides. ~75% of peptides contained L,
with 568/1670 containing L at P3. Analysis of depleted peptides (representing consistently uncleaved peptides) revealed enrichment of E, D,
and P, suggesting that these AA discouraged Ats13 substrate recognition.
Conclusion: Exosite interaction uncovers a broader substrate recognition profile for Ats13, and appears to be a strong requirement for
novel substrate recognition. Ats13 exhibits strong preference for AA
near the scissile bond, a feature that is unique among metalloproteases.
OR362
Timely formation of ULVWF multimers and reduction
of ADAMTS13 activity precede clinical events of TTP
relapse
Wu H1, Yang S1, Witkoff B1, Jin M1, Cataland SR2 and Wu HM1
1
Pathology; 2Internal Medicine, Ohio State University,
Columbus, USA
Background: VWF function and ADAMTS13 (AD13) activity are critically involved in TTPs pathogenesis but the time-course relationship
between reduction of AD13 activity, formation of ULVWF, and clinical event of TTP relapse is unclear.
Aims: Studying the biomarkers predictive of TTP relapse.
Methods: The OSU-TTP program has been following all TTP patients
throughout clinical remission with samples collected quarterly up until
the event of relapse. VWF multimer and AD13 activity were studied in
97 quarterly samples, including 43 pre-relapse (PR) samples that were
collected within 3 months prior to TTP relapse, 33 samples from
relapsers (R) that were collected in the quarters without a relapse in
the subsequent 3 months, and 21 controls from nonrelapsers.
Results: The normal range of ULVWF was defined by 40 donors. ULVWF was present in 74% of PR samples, 52% of R group, and 14%
of NR controls. When ULVWF was quantified as a % of the total
VWF protein in the sample, median ULVWF levels were significantly
higher in both PR (7.8%, P < 0.05) and R (5.9%, P < 0.05) groups
than NR controls (1.6%). In contrast, AD13 activities were significantly lower in both PR (5%, P < 0.05) and R (19%, P < 0.05) groups
than NR group (70%). Overall, the increase of ULVWF density was
correlated with a reduction in AD13 in these 97 quarterly samples
(r = 0.46, P < 0.05). For patients that showed a < 20% AD13 activity, ROC analysis indicated that a presence of ULVWF in PR samples
would predict a relapse in > 60% of cases. When the data was analyzed as a time-course to relapse (i.e. 812 weeks, 48 weeks, 2
4 weeks, and < 2 weeks), the PR samples showed an increasing trend
in ULVWF toward the time point of relapse, with ULVWF present in
> 90% of the samples collected within < 2 weeks prior to relapse.
Conclusion: Patients with a history of relapse exhibit a baseline
increase in ULVWF and a decrease in AD13 throughout remission. A
substantial increase in ULVWF along with a large reduction of AD13
is a significant risk factor predicting TTP relapse.
OR363
The predictive value of ADAMTS13 activity for
treatment monitoring of patients with acquired TTP:
data from the phase II TITAN trial with caplacizumab
Callewaert F1, Ulrichts H1, Kremer Hovinga JA2, De Swert K1 and
Tersago D1
1
Ablynx NV, Zwijnaarde, Belgium; 2University Clinic of
Hematology & Central Hematology Laboratory, Inselspital, Bern
University Hospital and the University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Background: ADAMTS13 activity (ATS13) is increasingly used to
guide therapy in patients with acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic
purpura (TTP). Results from the phase II TITAN trial demonstrated
that the anti-von Willebrand Factor Nanobody, Caplacizumab (CAP)
significantly reduced the incidence of exacerbations. In some patients
relapses occurred shortly after CAP stop, suggesting that underlying
disease activity was not yet resolved and that longer CAP treatment
could maintain the treatment benefit in these patients and prevent
these relapses.
Aims: The predictive value of ATS13 as marker of underlying disease
activity and for exacerbation or relapse was evaluated, using prospective data from the TITAN trial.
Methods: ATS13 was measured by the FRET-VWF73 assay. Subjects
with missing data or ATS13 10% at screening were excluded from
the analysis. ATS13 < 10% was considered as indicative for active disease.
Results: ATS13 was < 10% at screening in 77% of patients in the placebo (PLC) arm and 78% of CAP subjects (8% and 17% missing),
respectively. The prognostic value of ATS13 was shown in the PLC
arm: 94% of subjects without exacerbation or relapse showed a recovery of ATS13 10% one week post daily plasma exchange (PE). Conversely, ATS13 was < 10% in 88% of PLC subjects around the time of
exacerbation.
ABSTRACTS
Similar trends were observed in the CAP arm: ATS13 was 10% near
the end of the treatment period in 81% of CAP subjects without exacerbation or relapse. Seven subjects had a relapse within 410 days of
stopping CAP; all had continuous ATS13 < 10% during CAP treatment. Four subjects with relapses occurring 30 days after stopping
CAP had ATS13 values 10% near treatment stop, but ATS13 was
again < 10% around the time of relapse.
Conclusion: Our data highlight that ATS13 identifies acquired TTP
patients at risk for exacerbation or relapse and may be considered as
guide to extend duration of caplacizumab treatment for the prevention
of recurrences of the presenting TTP episode.
Disclosure of Interest: F. Callewaert Employee of: Ablynx NV, H. Ulrichts Employee of: Ablynx NV, J. A. Kremer Hovinga Paid Instructor at: Investigator during Phase II TITAN study; central lab analysis
of ADAMTS13 activity, K. De Swert Employee of: Ablynx NV, D.
Tersago Employee of: Ablynx NV.
OR364
Low ADAMTS13 activity and the risk of coronary heart
disease: a prospective cohort study the Rotterdam
Study
Sonneveld MAH1, Kavousi M2, Ikram MA2,3,4, Scheiflinger F5,
Hofman A2, Leebeek FW1, Franco OH2 and de Maat MP1
1
Hematology; 2Epidemiology; 3Radiology; 4Neurology, Erasmus
University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; 5Baxter
Background: The metalloprotease ADAMTS13 cleaves high molecular
weight von Willebrand factors (VWF) multimers into smaller, less
procoagulant forms. Lower ADAMTS13 activity is associated with an
increased risk of ischemic stroke, but whether individuals with low
ADAMTS13 activity also have a higher risk of coronary heart disease
(CHD) is unknown.
Aims: To determine the association between ADAMTS13 activity and
the risk of coronary heart disease in a large prospective populationbased cohort study.
Methods: Five thousand six hundred and eighty-eight participants of
the Rotterdam Study, a population-based cohort study among individuals 55 years without a history of CHD were included. ADAMTS13
activity was measured by the FRETS-VWF73 assay, and VWF:Ag levels by ELISA. We assessed the association between ADAMTS13 activity, VWF:Ag levels and coronary heart disease by Cox proportional
hazard regression analysis. Informed consent was obtained and the
study was approved by a recognised medical ethics committee.
Results: Over a median follow-up time of 9.7 years, 453 individuals
suffered from a coronary event. Individuals with the lowest ADAMTS13 activity had a higher risk of CHD than those in the reference
highest quartile (HR 1.42, 95% CI 1.071.89). Models that include
both ADAMTS13 activity and VWF:Ag levels suggests a stronger role
for ADAMTS13 than for VWF in CHD risk prediction.
Conclusion: This first large prospective cohort study shows that low
ADAMTS13 activity is associated with an increased risk of coronary
heart disease in the elderly, independently of established cardiovascular risk factors.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Sonneveld: None declared, M. Kavousi:
None declared, M. Ikram: None declared, F. Scheiflinger Employee
of: Baxter Innovations GmbH, A. Hofman: None declared, F. Leebeek Grant/Research Support from: Unrestricted research grant of
Baxter, Consultant for: CSL Behring and Baxter, O. Franco: None
declared, M. de Maat: None declared.
235
OR365
Evolutionary variation in the allosteric properties of
ADAMTS13
Muia J1, Zhu J1, Gupta G1, Westfield LA1, Greco S1, Deforche L2,
Vanhoorelbeke K2 and Evan Sadler J1
1
Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA;
2
Laboratory for Thrombosis Research, IRF Life Sciences, KU
Leuven Kulak, Kortrijk, Belgium
Background: Human ADAMTS13 is allosterically activated by low
pH, monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against distal T-CUB domains, or
binding to VWF. Animals have been used extensively in studies of
thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, but whether their endogenous
ADAMTS13 behaves similarly is not known.
Aims: Determine whether ADAMTS13 is allosterically regulated in
other vertebrates.
Methods: Plasma ADAMTS13 was assayed with FRETS-rVWF71
without or with human VWF D4 or MAbs 7C4 (anti T67), 19H4 (anti
T8), and 12D4 (anti CUBs).
Results: At physiological pH, plasma ADAMTS13 activity was
< 0.5% (guinea pig), ~1.9% (rat), ~10% (marmoset, horse, FVB
mouse), ~25% (baboon, pig, C57Bl/6 mouse), ~60% (X. laevis),
~100% (macaque), ~300% (rabbit) and ~400% (dog) compared to
human. Rat and guinea pig plasma also had ~1.9% and ~1% activity
towards a rat variant of FRETS-rVWF71, indicating that human
VWF sequence did not markedly impair cleavage. Except for guinea
pig, frog, dog and rabbit, ADAMTS13 from all species showed robust
3- to 18-fold activation by MAbs 7C4, 19H4 and 12D4 that activate
human ADAMTS13. Human ADAMTS13 is activated ~400% at pH
6 but dog ADAMTS13, which lacks the T3 domain, was strikingly
inhibited at pH 6 with 25% activity compared to pH 7.4. Frog and
rabbit ADAMTS13 were insensitive to activation by low pH. FVB
mouse full length ADAMTS13 was activated by MAbs, but C57Bl/6
mouse ADAMTS13, which is truncated after T6, was not activated by
low pH or MAbs against distal T-CUB domains. Furthermore, human
VWF D4 activated mouse, horse and human plasma ~200% to
~300%. These results are consistent with stringent allosteric regulation
of ADAMTS13 by distal T-CUB domains in most species.
Conclusion: Allosteric regulation of ADAMTS13 is broadly conserved
in vertebrates, with some potential exceptions. The apparent lack of
ADAMTS13 regulation in guinea pigs, rabbits, dogs, and mice with
truncated ADAMTS13 needs further study but suggests they may
behave differently in models of thrombotic microangiopathy.
Natural anticoagulants
OR366
Development of a novel protein S-based
antithrombotic agent
Majumder R1, Testen A2, Fried H1 and Simioni P3
1
Biochemistry; 2Pathology, University of North Carolina at
Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA; 3Medicine, University of Padova,
Padova, Italy
Background: Protein S (PS) is a robust, negative regulator of blood
coagulation whose importance is revealed dramatically by a catastrophic purpura fulminans in rare newborns homozygous for PS
mutations; heterozygous individuals have an elevated risk for other
serious thrombotic events.
Aims: Thrombophilia is a disorder that occurs when platelets inappropriately aggregate and/or a fibrin clot forms in an intact blood vessel
or heart chamber. PS inhibits factor IXa (FIXa), the rate-limiting and
sole catalyst for generation of FXa on the activated platelet surface.
236
ABSTRACTS
Thus, we seek to use PSs FIXa inhibitory function as a preventive

agent for thrombophilia.
Methods: Plasma-based clotting assays, thrombin generation assays,
and isolated factor assays.
Results: As a test case, we determined whether the 8-fold increase in
activity of a mutant FIXa (R338L, identified in a human patient by
Simioni and co-workers) that causes thrombosis could be controlled
by PS. In vitro (plasma and isolated factor studies) and ex vivo data
(flow cytometry with mouse platelets) indicated that FIXa binds
tightly to PS in the presence of phosphatidylserine-containing membranes and the generation of FXa by FIXa FVIIIa is inhibited by
PS. We also found that the EGF1 domain and the heparin binding
exocite region in FIXa are contact points between FIXa and PS.
Finally, in an aPTT assay, the clotting activity of the proband plasma
containing FIXa-R338L reverted back to the normal range with added
PS. Dr. Arrudas lab maintains mice with different levels of hyperactive FIX, and we have found that addition of PS to hyperactive mouse
plasmas prolongs their short aPTT clotting times.
Conclusion: PS is a potential therapy for hyperactive FIXa-induced
thrombosis. We have isolated recombinant FIXa-R338L, and work is
underway to characterize binding of the mutant with PS to determine
an appropriate dose of PS to control hypercoagulability.
OR367
Avathrin: a novel fast and tight binding competitive
inhibitor of thrombin from Amblyomma variegatum
Iyer J1, Kazimirova M2, Chako J1, Nuttall P3, Kunchithapadam S1
and Kini M1,4,5,6
1
Department of Biological Sciences, National University of
Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; 2Institute of Zoology, Slovak
Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia; 3Natural Environment
Research Council Centre for Ecology and Hydrology;
4
Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK;
5
School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South
Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia; 6Department of Biochemistry
and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia
Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
Background: While attempting to feed on the host blood, ticks face the
barriers of host hemostasis and host defense. To counter the host haemostatic and immune response, these blood-sucking parasites have
evolved a magic potion in their saliva that comprises of a diverse
array of compounds with antithrombotic and immunomodulatory
activities. Cardiovascular disorders are the number one cause of death
globally and account for about 25% of the deaths worldwide. Therefore, there is an ever increasing demand for novel anticoagulants.
Aims: We aim to structurally and functionally characterize a novel
anticoagulant, Avathrin, from the tick- Amblyomma variegatum. We
aim to show the in-vivo safety and efficacy of avathrin and develop it
as an anticoagulant drug.
Methods: Avathrin was synthesized by solid phase peptide synthesis
and inhibition kinetics were studied using a chromogenic thrombin
substrate. The structure of avathrin-thrombin complex was solved by
X-ray crystallography. Thrombosis, bleeding model and pharmacokinetics experiments are being conducted in mice and rats.
Results: Avathrin is a fast tight binding competitive inhibitor of
thrombin with picomolar affinity. Avathrin shows about 40%
sequence identity with another thrombin inhibitor- s-variegin. Avathrin is more than 4 orders of magnitude selective to thrombin than
other plasma serine proteases. Avathrin is cleaved by thrombin and
the cleaved product remains bound to the thrombin exosite and inhibits thrombin. We have solved the crystal structure of avathrin-thrombin complex and identified that the cleaved C-terminal part of
avathrin binds to the thrombin exosite-I. This exosite-I binding dis-
rupts the charge relay system of the catalytic triad of the thrombin
active site. Avathrin retains its inhibitory effect on thrombin for upto
36 h.
Conclusion: We have characterized avathrin, a novel thrombin inhibitor and are conducting animal experiments to demonstrate its effects
in-vivo. We finally plan to take avathrin to the market as an anticoagulant.
OR368
Increased half-life and selective function of a
glycoengineered antithrombin variant
Aguila S, Martinez-Martinez I, Bohdan N, Garcia-Barbera N,
Vicente V, Rivera J and Corral J
Servicio de Hematologa y Oncologa M
edica, Hospital
Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de
n, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia,
Hemodonacio
Spain
Background: N-Glycosylation is a key post-translational modification
crucial for folding, function and clearance of proteins. Thus, the glycoengineering is a tool used to increase half life and modulate function of
therapeutic proteins, which include hemostatic proteins such as FIX
and APC. Antithrombin (AT), the main endogenous anticoagulant, is
administered to patients with sepsis, heparin resistance, and AT-deficiency under risk conditions. Limitations of this treatment are the frequency required and potential bleedings.
Aims: To develop recombinant ATs with increased half life.
Methods: We created new N-glycosylation consensus sequences in the
reactive center loop, a functional domain (G392N) and a neutral
region (N73T). Expression of these variants and a and b ATs was carried out in HEK-EBNA cells. After their purification, we performed
the biochemical characterization: thermal denaturation, heparin affinity and kinetics of inhibition. Proteins were radiolabeled with 125I and
kinetic clearances were evaluated upon injection in mice.
Results: Mutant ATs were efficiently glycosylated and secreted. N73T
variant presented a normal function. In contrast, G392N variant did
not react with FIIa in absence of heparin, and had severely affected its
inhibition when activated. Surprisingly, the rates of FXa inhibition
were very similar to control AT, as well as the heparin affinity. Thermal denaturation assays did not show instability of these molecules. In
vivo, AT had a biphasic clearance. N73T mutant showed a clearance
faster than controls. However, G392N variant had a slow rate of clearance at long time, leading to 2.5-fold higher levels in circulation compared to control AT at 24 h.
Conclusion: We created an AT variant with increased half-life, reduced
FIIa reactivity and normal FXa inhibition as compared to AT. These
properties might provide potential therapeutic advantages might
reduce the frequency of administrations and bleeding complications of
AT treatments.
ABSTRACTS
OR369
Amino acid residues in the laminin G domains of
protein S involved in tissue factor pathway inhibitor
interaction
Somajo S1, Ahnstrom J2, Gierula M2, Fernandez-Recio J3,
Villoutreix BO4 and Dahlb
ack B1
1
, Sweden;
Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Malmo
2
Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK;
3
Protein Interactions and Docking Life Sciences Department,
Barcelona Supercomputing Centre, Barcelona, Spain; 4Inserm
Unit U973, Therapeutic molecules in silico (MTi), Paris, France
Background: Protein S functions as a cofactor for tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) and activated protein C (APC). The sex hormone
binding globulin (SHBG)-like region of protein S, consisting of two
laminin G-like domains (LG1 and LG2), contains the binding site for
C4b-binding protein (C4BP) and TFPI. Furthermore, the LG-domains
are essential for the TFPI-cofactor function and for expression of full
APC-cofactor function.
Aims: The aim of the current study was to localise functionally important interaction sites in the protein S LG-domains using amino acid
substitutions.
Methods: Four protein S variants were created in which clusters of surface-exposed amino acid residues within the LG-domains were substituted. Binding of protein S variants to C4BP, FVa and APC and TFPI
cofactor functions were evaluated using previously established assays.
Results: All variants bound normally to C4BP, FVa and were fully
functional as cofactors for APC in plasma and in pure component
assays. Two variants, SHBG2 (E612A, I614A, F265A, V393A,
H453A), involving residues from both LG-domains, and SHBG3
(K317A, I330A, V336A, D365A) where residues in LG1 were substituted, showed 5060% reduction in enhancement of TFPI in FXa inhibition assays. For SHBG3 the decreased TFPI cofactor function was
confirmed in plasma based thrombin generation assays. Both SHBG
variants bound to TFPI with decreased affinity in surface plasmon resonance experiments. The TFPI Kunitz 3 domain is known to contain
the interaction site for protein S. Using in silico analysis and protein
docking exercises, preliminary models of the protein S SHBG/TFPI
Kunitz domain 3 complex were created.
Conclusion: Based on a combination of experimental and in silico data
we propose a binding site for TFPI on protein S, involving both LGdomains.
OR370
Splicing mutations on antithrombin deficiency:
diagnostic relevance and unexpected consequences
De La Morena-Barrio ME1, Martnez-Martnez I1, Asenjo S2,
~ ano A1, Toderici M1, Lo
pez-G
alvez R1,
Sevivas TS3, Padilla J1, Min
1
1
1
Navarro-Fernandez J , Vicente V and Corral J
1
edica, Hospital
n, Universidad De Murcia, Imib-Arrixaca Murcia,
Hemodonacio
Murcia; 2Servicio de Hematologa, Hospital Clnico San Carlos,
Madrid, Spain; 3Servico de Hematologia do Centro Hospitalar e
Universitario de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
Background: Mutations in splicing signals are increasingly recognized
as responsible for human genetic disease. In antithrombin (AT) deficiency only 16 mutations affecting intron sequences (IVS) have been
described (5.8% of mutations identified in SERPINC1, but representing up to 8% of the mutation profile of SERPINC1).
Aims: To characterize splicing mutations in SERPINC1 responsible
for AT deficiency.
237
Methods: SERPINC1 was sequenced in 109 cases with AT deficiency.

Plasma AT was studied by functional and western blot assays, purified
by FPLC and characterized by proteomic analysis.
Results: We identified 12 mutations leading to aberrant splicing. P1-P8
had IVS point mutations affecting acceptor or donor sequences, 4 not
previously described. P9, from a thrombophilic family, carried a 31 bp
deletion affecting the final nucleotide of intron 6 and 30 bp of exon 7.
P1-P9 had type I deficiency and mutations were easily detected using
exon flanking primers. By contrast, P10-P11 carried more distant intronic mutations (IVS2 + 26 and IVS5-14). The IVS5-14G>A mutation was identified in a thrombophilic family with disulphide linked
dimers in plasma. In silico prediction suggested that IVS5-14G>A creates a new acceptor sequence potentially generating a variant protein
with the insertion of four residues at position 384. Purification of disulphide linked dimers from plasma of carriers and proteomic analysis
confirmed the predicted splicing. Finally, P12 carried the first duplication of 193 bp comprising exon 6 and part of introns 5&6. Surprisingly, P12 had a moderate AT deficiency (75%) that can be explained
by an alternative splicing of the duplicated exon.
Conclusion: Aberrant splicing underlies high numbers of cases with AT
deficiency with different consequences: type I, type II or even moderate
deficiency. Our data encourage exploring other aberrant splicing as a
mechanism involved in AT deficiency, such as mutations affecting exonic splicing enhancers or silencers, and those activating new cryptic
exons in intronic regions.
Fibrinogen and Fibrin I

OR371
Interaction of fibrin with the VLDL receptor on
endothelial cells: localization of the fibrin-binding site
and identification of its inhibitors
Medved L and Yakovlev S
Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases and Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland
Baltimore, School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
Background: Besides its prominent role in hemostasis, fibrin(ogen) participates in various processes including inflammation. We found that
fibrin interacts with endothelial VLDL receptor (VLDLR) through its
bN-domains and this interaction promotes transendothelial migration
of leukocytes. This discovery suggests a novel fibrin-VLDLR-dependent pathway of leukocyte transmigration and thereby inflammation
in which fibrin-VLDLR interaction plays a key role and which may
contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammation-related cardiovascular
diseases.
Aims: The major aims of this study were to localize fibrin-binding sites
in VLDLR and develop efficient inhibitors of this interaction that may
be potent anti-inflammatory agents.
Methods: VLDLR fragments were expressed in Drosophila and E. coli
expression systems. Their interaction with fibrin and the (b15-66)2
dimer corresponding to a pair of fibrin bN-domains was tested by
ELISA, SPR, and fluorescence spectroscopy.
Results: We prepared soluble extracellular portion of VLDLR
(sVLDLR) and its sub-fragments, VLDLR (18) and des (18)
VLDLR, containing eight CR-domains and the rest of the extracellular portion, respectively. Binding experiments revealed that only
sVLDLR and VLDLR (18) interact with fibrin bN-domains, indicating that the fibrin-binding site is located within the CR-domains. To
further localize this site, we prepared recombinant fragments containing CR-domains 14 and 58, as well as 12, 23, 34, and 24, and
tested their interaction with the bN-domains. Among these fragments,
only those containing CR-domains 14, 23 and 24 exhibited interaction with the bN-domains with Kd of 3.7, 9.5, and 4.6 nM, respec-
238
ABSTRACTS
tively. These fragments also efficiently inhibited binding of sVLDLR

to fibrin.
Conclusion: The results obtained indicate that the fibrin-binding site is
located within the 2nd and 3rd CR-domains of VLDLR, the presence
of 4th CR-domain increases its affinity, and recombinant fragments
containing these domains are potent inhibitors of fibrin-VLDLR interaction.
OR372
Characterizing reactive glutamines in fibrinogen alpha
C (233425) and probing factor XIII substrate
specificity
ns R2, Philippou H2 and
Mouapi KN1, Bell J1, Smith K2, Arie
1
Maurer M
1
Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, USA; 2Division of
Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, University of Leeds,
Leeds, UK
Background: The C-terminal portion of the Fibrinogen Aa chain contains the aC region (221610). Within Fibrinogen aC (233425), there
are three reactive glutamines (Q) that can be crosslinked by Factor
XIIIa to reactive lysines (K) located in the more C-terminal aC
domain on another fibrin molecule. Crosslinking of the aC region
modifies fibrin clot structure by enhancing lateral aggregation and
increasing resistance to fibrinolysis. A greater understanding of the
reactivity and substrate specificity of Fbg aC (233425) will aid in
developing new strategies to control fibrin clot architecture and help
explain the consequences of genetic truncations or substitutions.
Aims: This study was aimed at characterizing the ability of FXIIIa to
cross-link reactive glutamines (Q237, Q328 and Q366) in Fbg aC
(233425) to a set of lysine mimics. The kinetic consequences of replacing selective glutamines with non-reactive residues were explored.
Results obtained with this Fbg aC segment were then compared with
other FXIIIa substrates.
Methods: A MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry assay and 2D 15N-1H
HSQC NMR spectroscopy methods were applied to rank each reactive
glutamine in aC (233425). Lysine mimics included glycine ethyl ester
and NH4Cl. SDS-PAGE coupled with fluorescent probes were used to
examine FXIIIas substrate specificity.
Results: The most reactive glutamine Q237 was completely crosslinked
to the lysine mimic in < 5 min, followed by Q366 and Q328. The transglutaminase reaction was not dependent upon Q237 and the remaining
reactive glutamines Q328 and Q366 could still exhibit independent
effects. Fluorescently labeled dansylcadaverine and a2-antiplasmin (1
15) show unique and comparable crosslinking events for intact human
fibrinogen vs. Fbg aC (233425).
Conclusion: Reactive glutamines in Fbg aC (233425) can be ranked as
Q237 > Q366 Q328. Factor XIIIa is not reliant on crosslinking
Q237 before proceeding to Q328 and Q366. Fbg aC serves as a valuable model system for exploring FXIIIa substrate specificity.
OR373
Development and validation of a Java-based computer
program for image analysis of fibrin ultrastructure
Chan F1, Gantioqui J2, Stevic I3, Kwan C4, Lau KK5, Chan AK2,6
and Chan HH2,7
1
Faculty of Engineering & Applied Science, Queens University,
Kingston; 2TAARI, McMaster University, Hamilton; 3Clinical
Biochemistry and Genetics, Diagnostic Services of Manitoba,
University of Manitoba, Winnipeg; 4Health Sciences, McMaster
University, Hamilton, Canada; 5Pediatrics, The Hong Kong
University-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China; 6Pediatrics;
7
Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
Background: Quantitation of fibrin clot (CLOT) images obtained from
scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is tedious and operator-dependent. We previously reported that the ultrastructure of CLOT could
be quantitated by 3 parameters: porous size, fibril diameter and number (#) of fibrils. Hereby, we further automated this process by computing.
Aims: To develop a computer program analyzing SEM images of
CLOT.
Methods: Gold sputter-coated CLOT was prepared according to the
standard protocol for SEM examination. Images were taken at
20,0009.
Each image was enhanced for full 16-bit tonal range with Adobe
Photoshop (PS). The porous size of CLOT was computed by PS as the
proportion of black pixels at a predefined threshold. The remaining
non-black pixels of the image were adjusted with filters in PS to augment the fibril edges. We developed a Java-based program to scan the
image, pixel wise, to find the transition from black to white, which represented the fibril edge. Along those edges, the fibril diameter was
computed by the # of pixels across the fibril in the direction with the
shortest distance. Then, the # of overlapping fibrils at each scanning
line was analyzed by the image structure of overlapping fibrils, from
which the fibril # was estimated by the adding the fibril edge # to the
double of interacting fibrils #.
The accuracy of computing data was validated by three sets of images:
(1) pilot images to compare with manual analysis, (2) positive control
images from experiments known to form different CLOT ultrastructure and (3) negative control images.
Results: There was no significant difference between computing and
manual data in pilot images. For positive controls, the software identified significant differences in all 3 parameters, but no difference was
detected in the negative controls.
Conclusion: The newly developed, stand-alone software, combined
with PS can objectively quantitate the SEM images of CLOT. Results
are comparable to those obtained from manual analysis, but the process takes less than a second.
OR374
Effect of fibrinogen gamma peptide on factor XI
activation by thrombin
ns R3, Bertina R4, Rosing J5 and
Omarova F1, de Willige SU2, Arie
6
Castoldi E
1
Biochemistry, Maastricht University, Maastricht; 2Erasmus
University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
3
University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; 4Leiden University Medical
Center, Leiden; 5Maastricht University; 6Maastrich University,
Background: Elevated coagulation factor XI (FXI) is a risk factor for
venous thrombosis, while FXI deficiency is a mild bleeding disorder.
This makes FXI(a) a promising target for anticoagulant therapy.
ABSTRACTS
Thrombin contributes to FXI activation, particularly at low procoagulant stimuli. FXI activation by thrombin is enhanced by negatively
charged surfaces, such as platelet polyphosphate (PolyP), which binds
to thrombin exosite II. Since the C-terminus of fibrinogen c chain also
binds to exosite II and inhibits thrombins procoagulant activities, we
hypothesized that the fibrinogen c peptide could interfere with FXI
activation.
Aims: To study the effect of the fibrinogen c peptide on FXI activation by thrombin.
Methods: FXI activation by thrombin in the presence of 0250 lM
doubly sulfated peptides with the wild-type (WT-S12) or scrambled
(SCR-S12) c sequence was studied in model systems by determining
chromogenic FXIa activity in timed subsamples. Thrombin-triggered
thrombin generation was measured in contact activation-free plateletrich and platelet-poor plasma in the absence and presence of anti-FXI
antibodies.
Results: In the model system, FXI was activated by thrombin at a very
slow rate, which was greatly increased by dextran sulfate or PolyP.
The fibrinogen c peptide inhibited thrombin-mediated FXI activation
in a specific and dose-dependent manner, both in the absence of surface (IC50 0.43 lM for WT-S12 vs. 458.52 lM for SCR-S12) and in
the presence of 100 nM PolyP (IC50 4.05 lM for WT-S12 vs.
95.72 lM for SCR-S12). Thrombin-triggered thrombin generation
was almost fully FXI-dependent and only observed in platelet-rich
plasma, suggesting an essential role of platelets in thrombin-mediated
FXI activation in plasma. Peptide experiments in plasma are still
ongoing.
Conclusion: The fibrinogen c peptide inhibits FXI activation by
thrombin both in the presence and in the absence of negatively charged
surfaces. This is yet another anticoagulant property of this peptide.
OR375
Fibrin(ogen) engagement of integrin MAC-1 (alpha-M
beta-2) limits chronic liver fibrosis induced by a bile
duct toxicant in mice
Joshi N1, Kopec AK2, Fedewa HC2, Flick MJ3 and Luyendyk JP2
1
Pharmacology & Toxicology; 2Pathobiology & Diagnostic
Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing; 3Division
of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati
Childrens Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, USA
Background: Chronic liver disease and fibrosis in humans and animal
models is associated with activation of the blood coagulation cascade
and deposition of cross-linked fibrin in the liver. Previous studies from
our laboratory suggest that fibrin inhibits liver fibrosis caused by
chronic experimental biliary injury. However, the mechanisms mediating this protective effect are not fully understood.
Aims: The aim of this study is to understand the mechanism underlying the protective effects of fibrin in liver fibrosis. Here, we tested the
hypothesis that fibrin inhibits biliary fibrosis through a mechanism
requiring its binding to the leukocyte integrin aMb2.
Methods: Biliary injury and fibrosis were induced in Fibc390-396A mice
which express a mutant form of fibrinogen that has full clotting function but is incapable of binding integrin aMb2, by feeding chow containing the bile duct toxicant a-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)
(0.025%) for 4 weeks.
Results: Liver fibrosis was significantly increased in ANIT-treated
Fibc390-396A mice compared to control ANIT-treated wild-type mice,
as indicated by increased COL1A1 mRNA levels and increased peribiliary collagen deposition. Interestingly, this increase in liver fibrosis
occurred without an associated increase in hepatic parenchymal cell
injury. In separate studies, treatment of ANIT-treated wild-type mice
with leukadherin-1 (LA-1) (0.4 mg kg1 day1, i.p, bid), a small molecule integrin agonist that allosterically enhances aMb2-dependent cell
239
adhesion to fibrin, significantly reduced COL1A1 mRNA levels and

reduced peribiliary collagen deposition. In contrast, LA-1 treatment
had no effect on established liver fibrosis in Fibc390-396A mice.
Conclusion: Collectively, the results indicate that fibrin engagement of
integrin aMb2 inhibits experimental xenobiotic-induced biliary fibrosis.
Fibrinolytic system I
OR376
Nanoparticle-based, molecular control of the plasmin
active site to achieve direct fibrinolysis in a novel invitro system of pulmonary embolism
Kline JA, Alves NJ, Shah A and Beam DM
Emergency Medicine and Physiology, Indiana University,
Indianapolis, USA
Background: Direct fibrinolysis by plasmin has potential for controlled
intravascular clot digestion. Protection from neutralization by a2 antiplasmin (AP) prior to arrival to clot surface remains a barrier to effective clinical use of plasmin. a2AP binds to plasmins serine protease
active site.
Aims: We hypothesize that a plasmin congener can lyse clots when
delivered using a nanoparticle displaying a ligand specific to the plasmin active site to block a2AP binding.
Methods: A deletion mutant of plasmin, d-plasmin, lacking kringles 2
5, but retaining the fibrin-binding kringle 1, was synthesized in an e
coli expression vector and purified by affinity chromatography. Dixon
plots of 5 analogues of the serine protease inhibitor benzamidine,
revealed suitable Ki values of 4 carboxybenzamidine (4CB,
301 192 lM) for d-plasmin (PMID 25576865). 4CB was conjugated
with lipids (DSPE-PEG 2000, Avanti) and sonicated to yield micelles
of 9 2 nM diameter. d-plasmin (10 mg, activity standardized
against S2251 chromogenic substrate) was added in 1:2 molar ratio relative to 4CB. Fibrinolysis was then tested in novel in-vitro lung model
comprising a reservoir, pump, heater, inflow manometer and a 3-D
printed, transparent polycarbonate 32-channel parallel circuit, recirculated with human plasma. This lung was pre-embolized with 4 g of
type-matched whole blood thrombi (4 9 20 mm), and net % lysis was
assessed at 60 min by change in clot mass. Positive controls included
perfusion with excess tPA to activate all plasminogen in plasma and dplasmin in PBS crystalloid buffer devoid of all neutralizing proteins.
Results: Time controls with no d-plasmin yielded 25 4% lysis, naked
d-plasmin in plasma produced 52 5% lysis, whereas tPA in plasma
produced 72 7% lysis, similar to the 72 2% lysis produced by dplasmin in PBS. The 1:2 d-plasmin:DSPE-PEG 2000-4CB micelles
yielded 48 4% lysis.
Conclusion: Direct fibrinolysis with d-plasmin can be achieved using a
nanoparticle-bound small molecule inhibitor.
OR377
Effect of Quebec platelet disorder on leukocyte
urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) levels
2, Waye J1 and Hayward CC1

Tasneem S1, Soomro A1, Rivard G-E
1
Pathology and Moleculer Medicine, Mcmaster University,
^te SainteHamilton; 2CHU Sainte-Justine, Chemin de la Co
Catherine, Montreal, Canada
Background: Quebec Platelet Disorder (QPD) is an inherited bleeding
disorder with a unique gain-of-function defect in fibrinolysis, associated with marked overexpression of PLAU by megakaryocytes, with-
240
ABSTRACTS
out systemic fibrinolysis. The molecular cause is a tandem duplication

mutation of a large region of chromosome 10 containing PLAU.
Aims: To determine if QPD markedly increases uPA levels in the leukocytes in blood, namely granulocytes, monocytes and T-lymphcytes.
Methods: Leukocytes were affinity purified from QPD (n = 6) and control (C; n = 7) subjects using immunomagnetic techniques. Enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to assess uPA and
von Willebrand factor (VWF) in each donors leukocyte and platelet
lysates, using VWF levels in these cells to determine the degree of
platelet uPA contamination. After excluding samples with 20%
platelet uPA contamination, fold increases (based on means), medians
and ranges were determined. To correct for increases from one extra
gene copy, results of QPD samples were compared to both 1.0 and 1.5
times the data for control samples, using Mann-Whitney t-tests.
Results: In all subjects, granulocytes contained more uPA than monocytes. Although there were marked increases in uPA in QPD platelets
(fold increase > 500; pg 106 cells: Q: median 150, range 38390; C:
median 0.083, range 0.130.41; P values: 19 < 0.004, 1.59 < 0.004),
QPD granulocytes and monocytes showed only modest increases in
uPA (granulocytes 2.4 fold increase; pg 106 cells: QPD: median 1200,
range 7702000; controls: median 700, range 2401400; P values:
19 < 0.02, 1.59 = 0.45)(monocytes 4.6 fold increase; pg 106 cells: Q:
median; 560, range; 2601100; C: median 80, range 50110; P values:
19 < 0.002, 1.59 < 0.01). Much lower levels of uPA were detected in
T-lymphocytes from all donors (ranges: undetectable 65 pg 106
cells).
Conclusion: QPD has much more striking effects on platelet than leukocyte uPA levels, further implicating megakaryocyte/platelet-specific
mechanisms in the pathogenesis of QPD.
OR378
Assessment of fibrinolytic parameters in patients with
hemophilia A
Milos M1, Herak DC1, Zupancic-Salek S2 and Zadro R1,3
1
Department of Laboratory Diagnostics; 2Department of
Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb; 3Faculty of
Pharmacy and Biochemistry Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Background: The idea that fibrinolysis plays a role in the bleeding phenotype of hemophilia A (HA) patients is not new, but the mechanism
of enhanced fibrinolysis has not been fully elucidated.
Aims: The aim was to examine the possible increased fibrinolysis in
HA patients compared to healthy controls by measuring plasma activities/concentrations of most important fibrinolytic parameters.
Methods: We measured activities of FXIII (Berichrom FXIII), plasminogen (Plg, Berichrom Plasminogen), plasmin inhibitor (Berichrom
Antiplasmin), plasminogen activator inhibitor1 (Berichrom PAI-1,
Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics) and thrombin-activable fibrinolysis
inhibitor (TAFI, Stachrom TAFI, Diagnostica Stago) in plasma samples of 81 HA patients (37 severe and 44 non-severe) and 101 healthy
male controls. In addition, activated and inactivated TAFI antigen
concentrations (TAFIa/ai, Asserachrom, Diagnostica Stago) were
determined.
Results: Statistically significantly lower Plg (median 99.7%, range
60.3206.9%, P = 0.004) and TAFIa/ai (median 22.9 lg L1, range
10.556.5 lg L1, P = 0.010) were observed in HA patients compared
to healthy controls (Plg mean SD 108.9 18.5%; median TAFIa/
ai 24.5 lg L1, range 14.755.1 lg L1). Significantly lower FXIII
was identified in severe (mean SD 90.0 21.5%, P = 0.014) than
in non-severe HA patients (mean SD 103.8 27.2%). Regarding
TAFI, lower activities were observed in HA patients than in healthy
controls, as well as in severe compared to non-severe HA patients,
although this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.082 and
0.072, respectively).
Conclusion: Lower TAFIa/ai suggests impaired TAFI activation due

to seriously impaired thrombin generation, suggesting enhanced fibrinolysis in HA patients that may contribute to the bleeding tendency.
Additionally, observed lower FXIII activities in severe HA patients
can possibly contribute to accelerated fibrin clots lysis, rendering hyperfibrinolysis more pronounced in severe as compared to non-severe
HA patients.
OR379
Defibrotide improves fibrinolysis efficiency in tPAresistant arterial thrombosis
De Lizarrondo SM1, Guettier S1,2, Rubio M1, Gakuba C1,
Touz
e E1,2, Vivien D1 and Gauberti M1
1
Serine Proteases and Pathophysiology of the neurovascular unit,
INSERM UMR-S 919; 2Department of neurology, Caen University
Hospital, Caen, France
Background: Recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA)
remains the only approved treatment for acute ischemic stroke. Defibrotide, a polydisperse mixture of single stranded DNA, is an antithrombotic and profibrinolytic drug successfully used in hepatic venoocclusive disease.
Aims: To evaluate if defibrotide could enhance tPA fibrinolytic efficiency in vitro and in vivo, using experimental stroke models in mice.
Methods: We studied in vitro the effect of defibrotide on plasmin and
tPA activities, and performed clot-lysis and binding assays. Later, we
assessed defibrotide efficiency in two ischemic stroke models involving
either tPA-sensitive or tPA-resistant thrombi. We also explored the
effect of defibrotide in diabetic mice. Then, we studied defibrotide
potential pro-haemorrhagic side effects in vivo.
Results: In vitro, defibrotide dramatically accelerated fibrinolysis in the
presence of tPA, by enhancing plasmin activity. Interestingly, defibrotide protected neurons from the pro-excitotoxic effect of tPA. Binding
studies revealed a strong affinity of defibrotide for tPA
(KD = 23.8 3.2 nM) and plasminogen (KD = 4050 139 nM). In
vivo, defibrotide did not further enhance tPA efficiency when the
thrombi were already sensitive to tPA alone (in situ thrombin-induced
stroke model). However, defibrotide made tPA highly effective in
stroke models involving tPA-resistant thrombi. Indeed, defibrotide
improved outcome in a FeCl3induced stroke model and in the thrombin model performed in diabetic mice (in terms of recanalization and
lesion size reduction). Importantly, defibrotide did not show significant pro-haemorrhagic effect in a intracranial haemorrhage model
(collagenase).
Conclusion: Defibrotide accelerates tPA-mediated fibrinolysis via an
enhancement of plasmin activity and makes tPA effective in mouse
stroke models resistant to fibrinolysis. Defibrotide is a promising
adjunct treatment for stroke patients presenting tPA-resistant
thrombi, such as diabetic patients.
ABSTRACTS
OR380
Valproic acid selectively increases endothelial, but not
brain, t-PA production and reduces thrombus
formation in mouse
Larsson P1, Alwis I2,3, Niego B4, Sashindranath M4, Lu E1,
Daglas M4, Au A4, Bergh N1, Jackson S2,3, Medcalf R4 and Jern S1
1
The Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular Research,
Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of
Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; 2Heart Research Institute and
Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney;
3
Australian Centre for Blood Diseases Monash University;
4
Australian Centre for Blood Diseases and Molecular
Neurotrauma and Haemostasis, Monash University, Melbourne,
Australia
Background: The endogenous fibrinolytic system has rarely been considered as a target to prevent thrombotic disease. Tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) is potently increased by histone deacetylase
(HDAC) inhibitors in endothelial cells in vitro, but whether this translates into increased vascular t-PA production and an enhanced fibrinolytic capacity in vivo is unknown. t-PA is also expressed and regulated
in most cell types in the central nervous system (CNS), where it performs many roles unrelated to classical fibrinolysis.
Aims: In this study we explored the effect of the clinically used HDAC
inhibitor valproic acid (VPA) on t-PA production in the mouse vasculature and brain, and investigated whether VPA affected fibrin deposition and clot formation after mechanical vessel injury.
Methods: Mice were treated with VPA for 96 h after which t-PA
mRNA in aorta and brain cortex as well as plasma t-PA levels were
measured using real-time PCR and ELISA, respectively. High resolution intravital confocal microscopy was used to quantitate fibrin accumulation and thrombus size following mechanical vessel injury.
Results: We found that low doses of VPA stimulate production of vascular t-PA in vivo in mouse and the newly produced t-PA is retained in
storage pools in endothelial cells. Further, our findings indicate that,
following VPA treatment, this increase of releasable t-PA translates
into an antithrombotic effect characterized by reduced fibrin accumulation and smaller thrombi in response to vascular injury. Furthermore, our data suggest that considerably higher concentrations of
VPA are required to stimulate t-PA production in the brain compared
to the vascular compartment.
Conclusion: Taken together these data suggest that VPA is profibrinolytic and antithrombotic in the vasculature and confers a minimal risk
for adverse effects arising from t-PA stimulation in the CNS.
241
therapy
OR381
Patients with cancer associated thrombosis: long-term
VTE recurrences and bleedings according to cancer
site; data from the RIETE Registry
Mahe I1, Bertoletti L2, Chidiac J3, Trujillo-Santos J4, Moustafa F5,
Bounameaux H6, Font L7, Adarraga MD8, Marchena PJ9,
Monreal M10 and on behalf of RIETE Registry
1
Internal Medicine, Louis Mourier Hospital, APHP, Paris 7
^pital Nord CHU
University, Colombes; 2Internal Medicine, Ho
Saint Etienne, Saint Etienne; 3Internal Medicine, Louis Mourier
Hospital, APHP, Colombes, France; 4Internal Medicine, Hospital
General Universitario Santa Luca, Murcia, Spain; 5Emergency,
Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France;
6
Internal Medicine, Division of Angiology and Haemostasis,
University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland;
7
Hematology, Hospital de Tortosa Verge de la Cinta, Tarragona;
8
rdoba; 9Internal
Internal Medicine, Hospital de Montilla, Co
Medicine, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu-Hospital General,
Barcelona; 10Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari Germans
Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
Background: LMWH are recommended by international guidelines for
a period of 36 months in patients with cancer associated venous
thromboembolism (VTE). The optimal therapeutic option beyond
6 months is not clearly defined. Long-term anticoagulation is most
often suggested because of the persisting risk of recurrent VTE but
data are very sparse and comprise all types of cancer.
Aims: To assess according to the type of cancer the rate of recurrent
VTE, major bleeding and death at 12 months in patients who experienced VTE in a context of active cancer (breast, prostate, colo-rectal,
lung) and receiving anticoagulation for at least 3 months.
Methods: We used data from the Registro Informatizado de Enfermedad TromboEmb
olica (RIETE) registry, an ongoing international,
multicentred, real-life prospective registry of consecutive patients presenting with symptomatic, acute VTE. All patients provided written
or oral consent for participation in the registry. Outcome measures
included symptomatic VTE, major bleeding, death, type of cancer,
and antithrombotic medication.
Results: Up to November 2013, 938, 629, 1189, 1191 patients with
respectively breast, prostate, colo-rectal, lung cancer met the inclusion
criteria. The highest risk of recurrent VTE occurred in the first
3 months (respectively 1.9%, 1.7%, 2.9%, 6.6%) and decreased thereafter. However the risk of major bleedings at 3 months was almost
high (respectively 2.3%, 4.8%, 5.0%, 3.2%) and kept stable thereafter.
In terms of mortality, the risk was again highest in the 3 months following the index VTE (respectively 11%, 12%, 19%, 39%) and
remained quite stable over time thereafter.
Conclusion: We provide real life data about long-term events in four
populations of patients with cancer. We confirm that the long-term
recurrence is quite different according to the site of cancer. In addition, our results outline the highest risk of VTE recurrence in the
3 months following the VTE index and the similar risk for VTE recurrence and major bleeding thereafter whatever the cancer.
242
ABSTRACTS
OR382
Duration of anticoagulation following acute venous
thromboembolism in routine care in England: an
observational study using CPRD-HES databases
Lacoin L1, Ridha E1, Lefevre C2, Moorthy V3, Vasudev M4,
Lister S5, Bird A6, Minns I1, Bakhai A7 and Alikhan R8
1
Medical, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Uxbridge, UK; 2Center for
Observational Research and Data Sciences, Bristol-Myers Squibb,
Paris, France; 3Mu Sigma Business Solutions Pvt. Ltd,
Lawrenceville, USA; 4Mu Sigma Business Solutions Pvt. Ltd,
Bangalore, India; 5HEOR, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Uxbridge;
6
HEOR, Pfizer, Surrey; 7Cardiology, Barnet General Hospital NHS, London; 8Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, University
Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
Background: Current UK (NICE) and International (ACCP) guidelines recommend a minimum of 3 months anticoagulation (AC) following acute venous thromboembolism (VTE). Several models have
been proposed to identify patients at high risk of VTE recurrence who
should be considered for long-term AC, but these are not widely used
in the UK and require external validation.
Aims: This observational study describes AC treatment patterns following acute VTE in England.
Methods: We undertook a retrospective cohort study of all VTE events
identified in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink linked to
Hospital Episode Statistics database (CPRD-HES) from April 1st
2008 to March 31st 2012. VTE occurrence [including pulmonary
embolism (PE) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT)] was defined by a
VTE code (read or ICD-10 code) with AC prescription within 45 days
following the event or hospital discharge. We calculated the cumulative incidence of discontinuation following VTE (accounting for death
as a competing event).
Results: Of 11,353 VTE events identified, 62.5% were unprovoked and
37.5% were provoked, including 16.8% in patients with active cancer.
Patients mean age was 63.9 years and 48.5% of VTE events occurred
in men. 45.0% of VTE events were PE. Median AC duration was
213 days (95%CI: 212215). Median AC durations for PE and DVT
were 231 (227234) and 195 (191198) days, respectively. The cumulative incidence of discontinuation at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months was 7.2%,
26.9%, 73.6%, and 83.5% for PE; and 13.8%, 45.9%, 82.8% and
90.1% for DVT.
Conclusion: Although a minimum of 3 months AC following acute
VTE is recommended, our results suggest that clinicians prefer to manage VTE for a minimum of 6 months (~ of DVT and ~ of PE
patients remained anticoagulated at this point). The majority of VTE
patients discontinued AC within 12 months of diagnosis. The
observed variation in AC treatment behavior shows the current variability in adherence to clinical VTE guidelines in England.
Disclosure of Interest: L. Lacoin Employee of: Bristol-Myers Squibb,
E. Ridha Employee of: Bristol-Myers Squibb, C. Lefevre Employee of:
Bristol-Myers Squibb, V. Moorthy Consultant for: Bristol-Myers
Squibb, M. Vasudev Consultant for: Bristol-Myers Squibb, S. Lister
Employee of: Bristol-Myers Squibb, A. Bird Employee of: Pfizer, I.
Minns Employee of: Bristol-Myers Squibb, A. Bakhai Consultant for:
Bayer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pfizer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Daiichi
Sankyo, R. Alikhan Consultant for: Bayer, Bristol-Myers Squibb,
Pfizer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Daiichi Sankyo.
OR383
No beneficial effect of statins in reducing recurrent
disease in a meta-analysis of 21,587 patients with
acute symptomatic venous thromboembolism treated
in phase 3 trials comparing direct oral anticoagulants
with vitamin K antagonists
Lauw MN1, Schulman S2, Gebel M3, Zhang G4, Lin M4,
Grosso MA4 and Buller HR1
1
Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center
Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; 2Department of
Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; 3Bayer
Healthcare, Wuppertal, Germany; 4Daiichi Sankyo Pharma
Development, Edison, USA
Background: Recent studies have suggested a reduced risk of recurrent
venous thromboembolism (VTE) with statins.
Aims: To confirm the beneficial effect of statins on recurrent disease in
a large homogeneous cohort, by conducting a meta-analysis of statins
in phase 3 trials comparing a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) with
standard vitamin K antagonist (VKA) therapy in patients with acute
symptomatic VTE.
Methods: Statin use at baseline was analyzed in all patients in the RECOVER I+II (dabigatran etexilate), EINSTEIN-DVT and -PE (rivaroxaban), and HOKUSAI trials (edoxaban). Outcomes were similarly
defined across studies and centrally adjudicated. Effect of statins was
analyzed in all patients pooled using cumulative incidences and the
Mantel-Haenszel method with random effects, and per individual
study.
Results: Statin use at baseline was retrieved for 21,587 of 21,726
included patients; 2754 (12.8%) used statins and 18,833 (87.2%) did
not. Statins had no effect on the risk of recurrent VTE or VTE-related
death in the pooled analysis (odds ratio [OR] 1.03; 95% confidence
interval [CI] 0.741.44). Results were similar for recurrent DVT (OR
1.15; 0.811.64) and recurrent PE (OR 1.04; 0.741.46). Analyses of
the individual studies were consistent with the pooled analysis. Hazard
ratios in the individual studies, adjusted for age, sex, creatinine clearance < 50 mL min1, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, prior VTE, and
aspirin use, remained similar. A sub-analysis in patients with DOAC
or VKA therapy separately showed more benefit of statins with DOACs (OR 0.78; 0.491.22) than with VKAs (OR 1.36; 0.961.93) on
the risk of recurrent VTE or VTE-related death. This was similar for
recurrent DVT (OR 0.67; 0.331.38 vs. OR 1.68; 1.112.54) and recurrent PE (0.91; 0.551.52 vs. OR 1.22; 0.781.91).
Conclusion: We could not confirm the beneficial effect of statins on
recurrent disease in 21,587 patients treated in phase 3 acute VTE trials.
Further analyses on discrepancies between DOAC and VKA-treated
patients are ongoing.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Lauw: None declared, S. Schulman Grant/
Research Support from: Boehringer Ingelheim, Octapharma, Baxter,
Consultant for: Boehringer Ingelheim, Bayer, Bristol-Myer-Squibb,
M. Gebel Shareholder of: Bayer Healthcare, Employee of: Bayer
Healthcare, G. Zhang Employee of: Daiichi Sankyo Pharma Development, M. Lin Employee of: Daiichi Sankyo Pharma Development, M.
Grosso Employee of: Daiichi Sankyo Pharma Development, H. Buller:
None declared.
ABSTRACTS
OR384
Net clinical benefit of hospitalization vs. outpatient
management of patients with acute pulmonary
embolism
Roy P-M1, Corsi D2, Theogene AM3, de Wit C4, Dennie C5, Le
Gal G4, Rodger M4, Wells P4, Carrier M4 and Gandara E4
1
Emergency Department, CHU Angers LUNAM Universit
e
EA3860 e-VASion, Angers, France; 2Clinical Epidemiology
Program, University of Ottawa and Ottawa Hospital Research
Institute; 3Medical study, University of Ottawa; 4Department of
Medicine, Division of Haematology Thrombosis Program;
5
Department of Medical Imaging, University of Ottawa and
Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
Background: The decision to hospitalize or not patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is controversial. To consider outpatient treatment, numerous studies have focused on identifying patients who are
at low risk of adverse events. However, the hospitalization on itself
may lead to in-hospital complications and potentially worsen the prognosis of PE patients.
Aims: To determine the net clinical benefit of hospitalization vs. outpatient management of patients with acute PE.
Methods: Retrospective cohort study of patients presenting with PE,
from 1 January 2007 to 31 December 2012, at the Ottawa Hospital
where usual practice is to consider outpatient treatment for most of
the patients who do not need specific in-hospital care. Patients treated
as outpatient or inpatient were propensity score matched to balance
out differences for 25 patient characteristics and known risk factors of
adverse events including PESI criteria, troponin level and right ventricular dilatation. The primary outcome was the rate of adverse events at
14 days including recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE), major
bleeding or death.
Results: Among 1143 eligible patients, 556 were included in the
matched cohort, 278 in each group. The 14-day rate of adverse events
was 1.1% for outpatients and 12.5% for inpatients: adjusted OR: 17.9
(95%CI: 4.965.2). The rates of recurrent VTE, major bleedings and
deaths were: 0.4% vs. 2.2% (P = 0.03), 0% vs. 4.3% (-) and 0.7% vs.
7.5% (P < 0.001), respectively.
The 3-month rate of adverse events was 5.4% for outpatients and
21.3% for inpatients: OR 5.5 (95%CI: 2.910.4). In the subgroup of
patients with simplified PESI > 0 (n = 115), the 14-day rate of adverse
events was 3.4% vs. 14.3%: OR 4.7 (0.9623.4) and the 3-month rate
was 10.2% vs. 29.1%: OR 3.6 (1.310.1) among outpatients and inpatients.
Conclusion: Outpatient treatment of PE patients seems associated with
a lower rate of adverse events than hospitalization and may be consider as first-line management.
OR385
Extended durations of anticoagulation and mortality
following incident venous thromboembolism in the QVTE cohort
Klil-Drori A1,2, Coulombe J1, Suissa S1,2 and Tagalakis V1,3
1
Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish
General Hospital; 2Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics,
and Occupational Health; 3Department of Medicine, McGill
University, Montreal, Canada
Background: Extended duration of anticoagulation following incident
venous thromboembolism (VTE) may impact patient survival, however, data are limited.
Aims: To determine the effect of anticoagulant treatment duration on
all-cause mortality in patients with first acute VTE.
243
Methods: Using the linked healthcare administrative databases of the

province of Quebec, Canada, we identified all patients with incident
VTE between 2000 and 2009. Patients who died or were not dispensed
an anticoagulant in the 14-day period following the incident VTE were
excluded. Treatment duration was determined for continuous anticoagulant use. All-cause mortality was defined as any death occurring
14 days or more following VTE. Time-dependent Cox proportional
hazards models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HR)
with 95% confidence intervals (CI) of all-cause mortality associated
with extended durations of anticoagulant use compared with shortterm use (03 months).
Results: A total of 30,366 patients met inclusion criteria and 27.2%
had active cancer. During a mean follow-up of 3.4 years, 8278 deaths
occurred. Vitamin K antagonists (VKA) were dispensed to 90.9% of
patients. Median duration of continuous anticoagulant use was
61 days (interquartile range, 36119 days). Short-term users comprised 64.8% of the patients, whereas durations of use for 36, 612,
and > 12 months were less frequent (20.7%, 10.7% and 3.9%, respectively). Compared with short-term use, extended durations of continuous anticoagulant use were associated with reduced all-cause mortality
(HR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.750.84; HR: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.650.76; HR:
0.82, 95% CI: 0.730.92, for 36, 612, and > 12 months, respectively).
Conclusion: In this large population-based cohort of incident VTE,
anticoagulant therapy for periods longer than three months was associated with a mortality benefit.
Hemophilia joint disease and

clinical
OR386
Intracranial haemorrhage in children with inherited
bleeding disorders in the UK 20032013
Chalmers E1, Alamelu J2, Collins P3, Mathias M4, Payne J5,
Richards M6, Tunstall O7, Williams M8, Palmer B9, Mumford A10
and on behalf of the Paediatric and Rare Disorders Working
Parties of UKHCDO
1
Haematology, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Glasgow;
2
Haematology, Guys & St Thomas Trust, London; 3Arthur Bloom
Haemophilia Centre, School of Medicine Cardiff University,
Cardiff; 4Haemophilia Centre, Great Ormond Street Hospital for
Children NHS Foundation Trust, London; 5Haematology,
Sheffield Childrens Hospital, Sheffield; 6Haematology, Leeds
Childrens Hospital, Leeds; 7Haematology, Bristol Royal Hospital
for Children, Bristol; 8Haematology, Birmingham Childrens
Hospital NHS Trust, Birmingham; 9National Haemophilia
Database, UK Haemophilia Centre Doctors Organisation,
Manchester; 10Haematology, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, UK
Background: Intracranial haemorrhage (ICH) is an uncommon but
potentially life-threatening complication of inherited bleeding disorders (IBDs).
Aims: To define the clinical characteristics and management of ICH in
children with IBDs attending UK haemophilia centres between 2003
and 2013.
Methods: Questionnaire survey of paediatric haematology specialists
at UK haemophilia centres.
Results: Fifty-five cases with ICH were reported from 16 centres. 42
(76%) had haemophilia (41 severe), 2 (4%) vWD and 11 (20%) a rare
coagulation disorder. No cases had a platelet function disorder. Haemophilia A (HA) was the most commonly reported disorder and the
incidence of ICH in HA children registered with UKHCDO was 6.0
per 1000 patient years at risk (95% CI 4.148.60). The median age at
244
ABSTRACTS
presentation was 4 months (0 days4.5 years). 31% presented as neonates and 91% at < 2 years of age. In 29 (53%) bleeding was subdural,
22 (40%) intracerebral and 4 (7%) subarachnoid. In neonatal ICH the
mode of delivery was spontaneous vaginal in 9; forceps/ventouse in 4;
caesarean section in 3 and unknown in 1. Trauma prior to ICH in children age 1 month-2 years occurred in 7/33 (21%) compared to 3/5
(66%) in those aged > 2 years. 4/24 (17%) cases with HA had an
inhibitor. 51/55 (95%) of cases were not receiving any form of prophylactic therapy at the time of the event. 18/55 (33%) had surgical treatment of ICH in addition to replacement therapy. The median
duration of replacement therapy was 19 days (range 542 days). There
were 5 reported deaths. Of survivors 20/50 (44%) had neurological
sequelae. Overall 17/34 (50%) of surviving children with HA developed an inhibitor following treatment for ICH, including 6/10 (60%)
of those treated as neonates.
Conclusion: ICH in children with IBDs occurs most frequently during
the first 2 years of life in children with severe disorders not receiving
prophylaxis and often occurs in the absence of documented trauma.
OR387
Perioperative treatment of hemophilia A patients:
blood group O patients are at risk of bleeding
complications
^ t RA2, Meijer K3, Peters M4,
Hazendonk HC1, Lock J1, Matho
Laros-van Gorkom BA5, van der Meer FJ6, Driessens MH7,
Fijnvandaat K4, Leebeek FW8, Cnossen MH1 and on behalf of
OPTI-CLOT
1
Department of Pediatric Hematology, Erasmus University
Medical Centre Sophia Childrens Hospital, Rotterdam;
2
Hospital Pharmacy Clinical Pharmacology, Academic Medical
Center, Amsterdam; 3Department of Hematology, University
Medical Center, Groningen; 4Department of Pediatric
Hematology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam;
5
Department of Hematology, Radboud university medical center,
Nijmegen; 6Department of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Leiden
University Medical Center, Leiden; 7Netherlands Hemophilia
Patient Society, NVHP, Nijkerk; 8Department of Hematology,
Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Background: Perioperative administration of clotting factor VIII concentrate in hemophilia A may result in both underdosing and overdosing, associated with the risk of bleeding complications or unnecessary
costs, respectively.
Aims: To identify the extent and the predictors of underdosing and
overdosing in perioperative management of (moderate) severe hemophilia A.
Methods: Hundred-nineteen hemophilia A patients with FVIII levels
< 0.05 IU mL1 undergoing 198 elective, low or medium risk surgical
procedures from five Hemophilia Treatment Centers in the Netherlands between 2000 and 2012 were included (median age 40 years,
median body weight 75 kg). Perioperative management was evaluated
by quantification of perioperative infusion of FVIII concentrate and
achieved FVIII levels. Predictors of underdosing in the first 24 h after
surgery and (excessive) overdosing were analyzed by logistic regression
analysis. Excessive overdosing was defined as target level plus a deviation of above 0.20 IU mL1. This study was not subject to the Medical Research Involving Human Subjects Act and approved by the
Medical Ethics Committee.
Results: Depending on postoperative day, 745% of achieved FVIII
levels were under and 3375% were above predefined target ranges as
stated by the National Hemophilia Consensus. An overall reduction of
FVIII consumption of 44% would have been attained if target levels
had been maintained. Blood group O was predictive of underdosing
(OR = 3.3 95%CI [2.05.5]) and these patients had more bleeding
complications in comparison to patients with blood group non-O
(OR = 2.02 95%CI [1.004.09]). Patients with blood group non-O
were at higher risk of overdosing (OR = 1.6 95%CI [1.32.1]). In addition, patients treated with bolus infusions were at higher risk of excessive overdosing (OR = 1.7 95%CI [1.32.2]).
Conclusion: Quality of care and cost-effectiveness can be improved by
refining of dosing strategies based on the predictors blood group, age
and mode of infusion.
OR388
Spinart 3-year analyses: patient- and joint-level
changes in colorado adult joint assessment scale and
magnetic resonance imaging scores with Bayers
sucrose-formulated recombinant factor VIII in
adolescents and adults
Funk S1, Lundin B2 and Hong W3
1
University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, USA; 2Lund University
and Sk
ane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden; 3Bayer HealthCare
Pharmaceuticals, Whippany, USA
Background: Efficacy and safety of routine prophylaxis vs. on-demand
treatment with Bayers sucrose-formulated recombinant factor VIII
(rFVIII-FS) in patients with severe hemophilia A were evaluated in
the randomized, controlled SPINART study.
Aims: Patient- and joint-level changes at year 3 in magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI) and Colorado Adult Joint Assessment Scale (CAJAS)
scores were compared to investigate if individual joint data revealed
results that may have been obscured in previously reported patientlevel analyses.
Methods: SPINART included males aged 1250 years with severe
hemophilia A, 150 exposure days to FVIII, no inhibitors, and no
prophylaxis for > 12 months in the past 5 years. Patients were randomized 1:1 to rFVIII-FS on demand or prophylaxis (25 IU kg1 39
per week). Changes from baseline to year 3 were evaluated for 6 index
joints (knees, ankles, elbows) using the Extended MRI (eMRI) scale
and CAJAS. Percentages of patients or joints with improved,
unchanged, or worsened scores were evaluated.
Results: Of the 84 patients in SPINART, eMRI and CAJAS change
from baseline data were available for 62 (prophylaxis, n = 32; on
demand, n = 30) and 76 patients (n = 39; n = 37) and for 386
(n = 197; n = 189) and 446 joints (n = 224; n = 222). Categoric analysis of CAJAS data at year 3 showed a higher percentage of patients
treated prophylactically vs. on demand with improved scores (64.1%
vs. 43.2%) and a lower percentage with worsened scores (28.2% vs.
51.4%); with eMRI, the percentage improved was smaller (12.5% vs.
6.7% improved; 75.0% vs. 73.3% worsened). At individual joints,
improved, unchanged, and worsened CAJAS scores in patients treated
with prophylaxis vs. on demand were 46.0% vs. 33.3%, 22.3% vs.
24.3%, and 31.7% vs. 42.3%; eMRI values were 8.1% vs. 3.7%,
61.9% vs. 69.8%, and 29.9% vs. 26.5%.
Conclusion: These data suggest that in patients with severe hemophilia
A, joint function as measured by CAJAS is more likely to improve
after 3 years of adult routine prophylaxis with rFVIII-FS than joint
structure as measured by MRI.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Funk Consultant for: Bayer-sponsored SPINART study, B. Lundin Consultant for: Bayer HealthCare (has been
under contract to Bayer HealthCare for work performed for the crosssectional study 12,948 and is under contract for work performed for
SPINART), Employee of: Center for Medical Imaging and Physiology
at the University Hospital of Sk
ane, W. Hong Employee of: Bayer
HealthCare.
ABSTRACTS
OR389
Bleeding phenotype and baseline FVIII level in patients
with nonsevere hemophilia A: results from the
INSIGHT study
Gouw SC1, Stokhuijzen E1, van Velzen AS1, de GrootEckhardt CL1, Hay CR2, Astermark J3, Smiers FJ4, Hermans C5,
Liesner R6, Morfini M7, Peters M1, van der Bom JG8,9,10,
Fijnvandraat K1 and on behalf of the INSIGHT Study Group
1
Department of Pediatric Hematology, Academic Medical Center
Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; 2Royal Infirmary
,
Hospital, Manchester, UK; 3Skane University Hospital, Malmo
Sweden; 4Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The
Netherlands; 5St-Luc University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium;
6
Great Ormond Street NHS Trust, London, UK; 7Azienda
University Hospital Careggi, Florence, Italy; 8Center for Clinical
Transfusion Research, Sanquin Research; 9Jon J. van Rood Center
for Clinical Transfusion Research; 10Department of Clinical
Netherlands
Background: In order to explore which prophylactic through levels
should be targeted for optimal joint protection in patients severe
hemophilia A,
Aims: we assessed the annual (joint) bleeding rate according to the
endogenous FVIII level (FVIII:C) in patients with nonsevere hemophilia A.
Methods: We performed these analyses in data obtained from the
INSIGHT study, an international cohort study including pediatric
and adult patients with nonsevere hemophilia (FVIII:C 0.02
0.40 IU mL1). Within this cohort a nested case control study was
conducted (73 inhibitor patients and 234 controls). Data on every
FVIII exposure were collected until inhibitor development in cases and
up to the same number of exposure days in controls. The annual joint
bleeding rates calculated over a life-time period were compared
according to the endogenous FVIII:C. Both joint bleeds that occurred
after (minor) trauma as well as spontaneously were considered.
Results: A total of 307 patients (214 mild, 93 moderate HA) were
included. Patients were followed for a median of 21 exposure days
(IQR 1138) until a median age of 31.0 years (IQR 13.354.1). Half of
the patients (50%) had experienced at least one joint bleed and 83% at
least any type of bleed. The median annual bleed rate was 0.013 per
year (IQR 0.000.13) for joint bleeds and 0.13 per year (IQR 0.029
0.51) for any bleed. The lifetime cumulative incidence of joint bleeds
and median (IQR) annual joint bleed rate according to endogenous
FVIII:C was 59.1% and 0.052 (0.000.22) for FVIII:C 0.020.05 IU
mL1; 48.4% and 0.00 (0.000.16) for FVIII:C 0.050.10 IU mL1);
43.4% and 0.00 (0.000.082) for FVIII:C 0.100.20 IU mL1; 44.8%
and 0.00 (0.000.065) for FVIII:C 0.200.30 IU mL1; 54.5% and
0.014 (0.000.19) for FVIII:C 0.300.40 IU mL1.
Conclusion: There was an impression towards a more severe bleeding
phenotype in patients with FVIII:C 0.020.05 IU mL1, as compared
to patients with FVIII:C > 0.05 IU mL1, however, among patients
with FVIII:C > 0.05 IU mL1 bleeding phenotypes did seem to not
depend on endogenous FVIII:C.
245
OR390
Novel imaging technique for assessment of early
cartilage changes in haemophilic knees and ankles
Ahmed H1, Wang J2, Amirabadi A1, Sussman M3, Man C1,
Blanchette V4 and Doria AS1
1
Diagnostic Imaging, Hospital for Sick Children; 2University of
Toronto, Toronto, Canada; 3Medical Imaging, University of
Toronto; 4Haematology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto,
Canada
Background: In hemophiliacs suboptimally treated, the resultant cartilage degeneration increases morbidity and decreases quality of life.
Quantitative T2 maps hold potential for detecting early structural
changes of cartilage; this is useful in prophylaxis follow-up.
Aims: (i) To determine correlations between T2 maps obtained in different regions-of-interest (ROIs) of ankles and knees; (ii) To determine
correlations between single- and multi-echo T2 maps at a single timepoint and International Prophylaxis Study Group (IPSG) MRI scores;
(iii) To assess intra-/inter-reader reliability of T2 map analysis.
Methods: Twenty-five hemophilic boys (ages 718) with different
severity levels of chronic arthropathy (16 ankles; 9 knees) were
scanned at 3T MRI. Sagittal T2 maps were obtained (TE = 13,19,28
ms). For ankles and knees, respectively 5 and 8 ROIs (weight-bearing
[WB] and non-weight-bearing [NWB] areas) were examined using single- and multi-echo maps. Semi-quantitative assessment of cartilage
was performed with the IPSG MRI scale. The Canadian Hemophilia
Society funded the study.
Results: IPSG score range was 07 in ankles, and 011 in knees. In
ankles substantial correlations were noted between single-echo WB T2
maps and osteochondral (OC) (r range,0.600.68, P < 0.05) IPSG
scores, and moderate/substantial correlations between multi-echo WB
T2 maps and OC (r range,0.570.76, P < 0.05) scores. In knees substantial correlations were found between single-echo WB T2 maps and
total (r = 0.65, P < 0.05)/OC (r = 0.63, P < 0.05) scores. No such correlations were noted in NWB areas with any technique in any joint.
Whereas intra-reader reliability of map analysis was substantial/excellent (ICC = 0.710.97) for ankles, inter-reader reliability was variable
(ICC = 0.270.89). In knees intra- and inter-reader reliability were
also variable.
Conclusion: Correlations between T2 maps and IPSG scores with
either single or multi-echo T2 maps show potential for the technique
as a surrogate of cartilage damage. Further longitudinal research on
the value of T2 maps is warranted.

thrombosis III
OR391
Ageing of the venous valves as a new risk factor for
venous thrombosis in the elderly the BATAVIA study
Karasu A1, Sramek A2, Rosendaal FR1,3 and van Hylckama
Vlieg A1
1
Clinical Epidemiology; 2Radiology; 3Thrombosis and
Haemostasis Research Center, Leiden University Medical Center,
Background: Increasing age is the strongest risk factor for venous
thrombosis (VT). Increasing age has been related to a thickening of
the venous valves and a decreased valvular function. The association
between ageing of the venous valves and the risk of VT is not known.
Aims: To assess the effect of increased valve thickness on the risk of VT.
Methods: Analyses were performed in the BATAVIA study, including
76 patients aged 70+ years with a first deep vein thrombosis of the leg
246
ABSTRACTS
and 97 controls. We performed an ultrasound examination of the

venous valves in the popliteal veins. The non-affected leg represents
the stage of the ageing process of the venous valves in the affected leg
prior to the thrombotic event. The valves were imaged with a 9 MHz
linear probe using B-mode ultrasonography. Valve closure time (VCT)
was measured as an indicator for valve function using an automatic
inflatable cuff. To estimate the risk of VT, valve thickness was dichotomized at the 90th percentile as measured in controls. Informed consent
was obtained and the study was approved by the Medical Ethical
Committee of the Leiden University Medical Center.
Results: In 70 of the 76 (92%) patients (ipsi- or contralateral leg) and
93 of the 97 (96%) controls, valve parameters could be measured.
Mean valve thickness of the controls was similar in the left and right
leg, i.e., left: 0.36 mm (95%CI:0.340.37) and right: 0.37 mm (95%
CI:0.350.39). In 47 patients the non-affected leg could be measured:
mean valve thickness: 0.39 mm (95%CI:0.370.42). Patients had an
increased valve thickness compared with controls: mean difference
0.03 mm (95%CI:0.010.06). 11/47 Patients and 8/87 controls a valve
thickness exceeding the cut-off value (> 0.44 mm), resulting in an age
and sex adjusted OR of 4.1 (95%CI:1.412). Results were similar for
the ipsilateral leg (n = 37). There was no association between valve
thickness and VCT.
Conclusion: Increased valve thickness was positively associated with
the risk of VT in the elderly.
OR392
Impact of inherited risk factors of venous thrombosis
on the associations between family history of
myocardial infarction and risks of myocardial infarction
and venous thromboembolism
Smabrekke B1, Lind C1, Rinde LB1, Smith E2, Solomon T2,
Wilsgaard T3, Njlstad I3, Mathiesen EB3,4, Rosendaal F5,
Brkkan SK1,6, Frazer K2 and Hansen J-B1,6
1
K. G. Jebsen Thrombosis Research and Expertise Center,
Norway, Troms, Norway; 2University of California, San Diego,
La Jolla, CA, USA; 3Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; 4Brain and Circulation Research
Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic
University of Norway, Troms, Norway; 5Department of Clinical
Netherlands; 6Division of Internal Medicine, Troms, Norway,
University Hospital of North Norway, Troms, Norway
Background: A family history of myocardial infarction (FHMI) is
known to increase the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) and venous
thromboembolism (VTE) independent of traditional atherosclerotic
risk factors. Even though common mechanisms have not been displayed, it is likely to assume that shared genetic variants are involved.
Aims: To investigate the joint effect of genetic thrombotic risk factors
and FHMI on risk of VTE and MI in a case-cohort recruited from a
general population.
Methods: Cases with a first VTE (n = 489) and an age-weighted subcohort (n = 1343) sampled from the Troms 4 (19941995) and 6 (2007
2008) studies were included. DNA-samples obtained at baseline were
genotyped for FV-Leiden (rs6025), prothrombin 20210A (rs1799963),
and ABO blood type (rs8176719). Cox regression models were used to
calculate hazard ratios (HR) across categories of gene variants and
FHMI, and all analyses were adjusted for age, sex and body mass index.
The study was approved by the Regional Committee of Research Ethics, and all participants provided informed written consent.
Results: There were 276 and 489 incident MIs and VTEs during a median follow-up time of 16 years. Parental heritage of MI was signifi-
cantly associated with MI (HR 1.60, 95% CI 1.112.29), and the risk
increased with the numbers of affected relatives. In general, FHMI
increased the risk of VTE, particular for parental heritage (HR 1.26,
95% CI 1.021.56). The risk of MI and VTE by FHMI did not alter
when adjusted for factor V Leiden, prothrombin 20210A, and ABO
blood type. There was a moderately increased risk of VTE, but not
MI, when the genetic thrombotic risk factors were combined with
parental FHMI; HR of VTE associated with FV-Leiden increased
from 2.56 (95% CI 1.703.86) to 3.95 (95% CI 1.928.12).
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the risk of VTE and MI by
FHMI is not caused by FV-Leiden, prothrombin 20210A, and non-O.
However, parental FHMI and the genetic risk factors had joint effect
on VTE risk, but not MI risk.
OR393
Impact of variants in the factor 5 gene on the risk of
venous thromboembolism in cancer
Dziewiecka O1, Smith E2,3, Brkkan SK1,4, Jensvoll H1,4, Blix K1,4,
Solomon T5, Wilsgaard T6, Rosendaal FR7, Frazer KA2,3 and
Hansen J-B1,4
1
Norway, Troms, Norway; 2Department of Pediatrics, Radys
Childrens Hospital, San Diego; 3University of California, San
Diego, La Jolla, USA; 4Division of Internal Medicine, University
Hospital of North Norway, Troms, Norway; 5Biomedical
Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego,
La Jolla, USA; 6Department of Community Medicine, UiT The
Arctic University of Norway, Troms, Norway; 7Department of
Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden,
The Netherlands
Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common complication in cancer. Factor 5 (F5) acts as an important co-factor in the
coagulation system and variants in the F5 gene (rs6025 (FV-Leiden)
and rs4524) are independently associated with VTE risk. However,
information regarding the impact of these gene variants on VTE risk
in cancer patients is limited.
Aims: To investigate the joint effect of F5 SNPs (rs6025 and rs4524)
and active cancer on VTE risk in a case-cohort recruited from a general population.
Methods: Cases with a first VTE (n = 609) and an age-weighted subcohort (n = 1691) sampled from the Troms 4 (19941995) and 6
(20072008) studies were included. Baseline DNA-samples were genotyped. Validated VTEs and incident cancer were registered up to
December 31st, 2012. Hazard ratios for VTE were calculated across
categories of cancer and gene variants and compared to cancer-free
subjects without the risk alleles. Cancer was defined as active cancer
(i.e. six months before until one year following a cancer diagnosis).
The study was approved by the regional ethical committee, and
informed written consent was obtained from all participants.
Results: There were 524 cancer diagnoses and 93 cancer-related VTEs
during follow-up. The risk of a cancer-related VTE was 9.8-fold (95%
CI 7.812.3) higher and increased further in individuals with 1 or 2 risk
alleles at rs6025 (HR 19.6, 95%CI 11.234.1) or rs4524 (HR 21.1;
95%CI 12.535.4). Similarly, the risk of DVT was increased in subjects
with F5 rs6025 risk alleles (HR 28.8; 95%CI 15.254.6) and rs4524 risk
alleles (HR 29.9; 95%CI 13.666.1). Individuals with cancer and risk
alleles at both loci had a higher risk of VTE (HR 36.8; 95%CI 17.8
76.0) and DVT (HR 69.4; 95%CI 26.3183.0). The F5 rs4524 SNP
explained a higher proportion of the VTE risk in cancer patients than
rs6025 (66% vs. 47%).
ABSTRACTS
Conclusion: Our findings imply that cancer patients carrying the F5
rs6025 and/or rs4524 risk alleles are at substantially higher risk of
VTE than those carrying non-risk alleles.
OR394
Identification of new genetic risk factors for venous
thrombosis by targeted sequencing: results of the
MILES study
de Haan HG1, van Hylckama Vlieg A1, Lotta LA2, Gorski MM3,
Bucciarelli P2, Martinelli I2, Baglin TP4, Peyvandi F2,3 and
Rosendaal FR1,5,6
1
Leiden, The Netherlands; 2Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia
and Thrombosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca Granda Ospedale
Maggiore Policlinico; 3Pathophysiology and Transplantation,
University of Milan, Milan, Italy; 4Cambridge Haemophilia and
Thrombophilia Centre, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge
University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust,
Cambridge, UK; 5Einthoven Laboratory of Experimental Vascular
Medicine; 6Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Leiden University
Background: Although several genetic risk factors for venous thrombosis (VT) are known, almost all in the coagulation pathway, a large
unexplained genetic component remains.
Aims: We aimed to identify new genetic risk factors for VT using targeted sequencing.
Methods: In the Milan Leiden Sequencing (MILES) study, we selected
657 patients with a first VT and 599 controls from three populationbased casecontrol studies (MEGA, THE VTE, and the Milan study).
Individuals were selected using the following criteria: European ancestry, no surgery or malignancy, no natural anticoagulant deficiency,
and no factor V Leiden or prothrombin 20210A carriership. We performed targeted sequencing of the coding regions, 30 , and 50 UTRs of
740 genes involved in thrombosis and hemostasis or closely related
pathways. We performed single-variant association tests for all lowfrequency and common variants (minor allele frequency (MAF)
1%) and gene-based association tests for all rare variants (MAF
< 1%). All analyses were adjusted for age, sex, country, and multiple
testing was accounted for by calculation of the False Discovery Rate
(FDR).
Results: Single-variant association tests for 5218 common variants
showed 123 associations with VT risk (FDR < 0.20). Most of these
variants (89%) were located in F5, ABO, FGG/FGB/FGA, and the F11
region. In addition, we identified 14 VT-associated variants located in
10 genes that, except for STAB 2, have not been implicated in VT risk
before. The strongest candidates were a non-synonymous variant in
F2RL3 (rs2227376: OR 0.4, 95% CI 0.20.7), a non-synonymous variant in STAB 2 (rs17034433: OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.40.8) and a 30 UTR
variant in MASP1 (rs72549167: OR 3.4, 95% CI 1.67.3). Gene-based
analyses showed a burden of rare variants in 9 genes.
Conclusion: Using a targeted sequencing strategy we were able to identify new genetic risk factors for venous thrombosis. Replication and
functional studies are needed to confirm our findings and to unravel
the biological mechanisms involved.
247
OR395
Occurence and predictors of recurrence within 3 years
after a first episode of acute venous
thromboembolism: Worcester Venous
Thromboembolism Study
Huang W1, Goldberg R1, Anderson F1 and Spencer F2
1
University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, USA;
2
Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE), comprising deep vein
thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), has multiple risk
factors and tends to recur. Contemporary data from population-based
observational studies are limited.
Aims: To quantify the magnitude and identify predictors of recurrence
within 3 years after first-time VTE.
Methods: Population-based surveillance study with 3-year follow-up
among residents of central Massachusetts (MA), USA, diagnosed with
an acute first-time PE and/or lower-extremity DVT from 1999 to 2009
in hospital and ambulatory settings in all 12 central MA hospitals.
Medical records were reviewed by trained abstractors and validated by
clinicians.
Results: The 2989 study patients were followed for 5836 person-years;
mean follow-up duration 23.4 (median 30) months. Mean age was
64.3 years, 44% were men, and 94% were white. The proportions of
cancer-associated, provoked, and unprovoked VTE episodes were
17%, 43%, and 40%, respectively. During follow-up, 329 patients
developed a recurrent VTE; cumulative incidence rate of recurrent
VTE within 3 years after the index VTE was 15% overall, and 25%,
13%, and 13% among patients with active cancer, provoked, or
unprovoked VTE, respectively. Predictors (hazard ratios [95%CI]) of
recurrent VTE identified by multivariable Cox proportional hazard
regression were active cancer with (2.6 [1.93.6]) and without chemotherapy (1.6 [1.12.4]), hypercoaguable state (2.5 [1.34.8]), inferior
vena cava filter placement (2.0 [1.52.7]), varicose vein stripping (1.7
[1.12.7]), superficial thrombophlebitis (1.6 [1.12.4]), and surgery
within 3 months before the index event (0.7 [0.60.9]).
Conclusion: The cumulative incidence of VTE recurrence over 3 years
of follow-up remains high among residents of central MA diagnosed
with a first episode of VTE. Patients with active cancer are at higher
risk for developing a recurrent event compared to those with provoked
or unprovoked VTE.
Anti-platelets agents clinical

OR396
Platelet function as a predictor of ischemic and
bleeding events in pad patients undergoing pta: results
from Traiano study
Marcucci R1, Gori AM1,2, Valenti R3, Paniccia R1, Basili S4,
Grifoni E1, Naldini G1, Parodi G3, Napoleone L4, Antoniucci D3,
Violi F4 and Abbate R1
1
Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University
of Florence; 2Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS; 3Careggi
Hospital, Firenze; 4Clinica Medica I, University of Rome La
Sapienza, Rome, Italy
Background: Antiplatelet therapy is a key intervention to reduce vascular events in peripheral artery disease (PAD) patients, but literature
data demonstrate that standard antiplatelet therapy is less effective in
PAD.
Aims: To assess the degree of on-treatment platelet reactivity, and
evaluate its association with ischemic and hemorrhagic adverse events.
Methods: In 177 PAD patients (males 118, females 59; mean age
74.1 10.1) undergoing PTA on dual antiplatelet therapy, we investi-
248
ABSTRACTS
gated platelet aggregation (PA) by 10 lM L1 adenosine diphosphate

(ADP), and 1 mM arachidonic acid (AA) on a venous blood sample
obtained within 24 h from PTA. High platelet reactivity (HPR) by
ADP was defined as PA 70%, and HPR by AA as PA 20%.
Results: At a median follow-up of 24 months, we documented 23
(8.7%) deaths, 1 (0.4%) acute myocardial infarctions, 17 (6.5%) restenosis, and 24 (9.1%) TIMI-minor bleedings. At multivariate analysis
adjusted for age, sex and cardiovascular risk factors HPR by ADP and
AA were significantly associated with death [(HPR by ADP: HR 5.4,
95%CI 1.322.2; HPR by AA: HR 4.0, 95%CI 1.115.2]. PA by ADP
values were significantly lower in patients with bleedings [26.5 (IQR
22.039.3)% vs. 62.0 (IQR 44.574.0)%, P < 0.001]. At ROC curve
analysis, the cut-off value of PA by ADP associated with increased
bleeding risk was 41%. After adjustment for age, sex, body mass
index, and renal function, a low platelet reactivity (LPR) (PA by ADP
< 41%) was a significant predictor of bleeding.
Conclusion: 1) HPR by ADP and AA are predictors of death; 2) LPR
by ADP is predictor of bleeding. This suggests that on treatment platelet reactivity might be used as a clinical tool for optimizing antiplatelet
therapy in PAD patients.
OR397
Identification of candidate gene modulating platelet
reactivity in aspirin-treated patients using a novel
network-based approach
Zufferey A1, Ibberson M2, Reny J-L3, Nolli S1, Docquier M1,
Xenarios I2, Sanchez J-C1 and Fontana P4
1
University of Geneva, Geneva; 2Swiss Institute of
Bioinformatics, Lausanne; 3University Hospitals of Geneva;
4
University Hospitals Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
Background: Platelet reactivity (PR) in cardiovascular (CV) patients is
variable between individuals and modulates clinical outcome. However, the determinants of platelet reactivity are largely unknown. Integration of data derived from high-throughput omics technologies may
yield novel insights into the molecular mechanisms that govern platelet
reactivity.
Aims: The aim of this study was to identify candidate genes modulating platelet reactivity in aspirin-treated cardiovascular patients.
Methods: PR was assessed in 110 CV patients treated with aspirin
100 mg day1 by aggregometry using several agonists. CV patients
with extreme high or low PR were selected for further analysis. Quantitative proteomic of platelets and platelet sub-cellular fractions as well
as transcriptomic analysis were integrated with a network biology
approach. This allowed the identification of gene products differentially expressed in patients with extreme PR phenotypes. Since recent
data showed that circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are associated
with PR, we then specifically assessed the level of miRNAs that were
differentially expressed in these two groups of patients (Nanostring
technology). The predicted targets of these miRNAs were mapped
onto the network to identify the most relevant genes.
Results: We first constructed a network gathering platelet proteomic
and transcriptomic data associated to extreme PR phenotypes. It
yielded a network of 99 nodes and 309 edges, representing platelet activation pathways. Five miRNAs were identified as differentially
expressed and associated with platelet reactivity. Among these 5 miRNAs, 2 are predicted to have an identical gene target whose gene
expression is up-regulated in patients with extreme high PR compared
to patients with extreme low PR.
Conclusion: The integration of several omics datasets allowed the
identification of candidate genes that may be associated with the modulation of platelet reactivity in aspirin-treated cardiovascular patients.
OR398
Prasugrel monotherapy provides most effective
platelet inhibition without affecting fibrin clot
dynamics in individuals with diabetes
Storey R1, rice P2, Oxley N2, Phoenix F2, Kurdee Z2, King R2,
Zabczyk M3, Grant P2 and Ajjan R2
1
University of Sheffield, Sheffield; 2University of Leeds, Leeds,
UK; 3University Medical College and John Paul II Hospital,
Krakow, Poland
Background: The cellular and protein phase of coagulation contribute
to the formation of a platelet-rich fibrin clot. Diabetes is characterised
by an enhanced thrombotic environment secondary to tight fibrin networks, impaired fibrinolysis and increased platelet reactivity. Despite
the increased thrombosis risk in diabetes, long-term antiplatelet therapy remains similar to the non-diabetic population.
Aims: Compare monotherapy with aspirin, clopidogrel or prasugrel on
fibrin clot structure/fibrinolysis and platelet activation in type 2 diabetes (T2DM).
Methods: A total of 56 T2DM patients, on stable aspirin monotherapy, completed a placebo-controlled, double-blind cross-over study
using instead monotherapy with clopidogrel or prasugrel. Thrombosis
potential was assessed as fibrin clot final turbidity/lysis time and platelet aggregation response to different agonists.
Results: Clot maximum absorbance (mean SD) on aspirin, clopidogrel and prasgurel was 0.238 0.080, 0.230 0.086 and
0.236 0.083 au (P > 0.1) with no difference detected in clot lysis
time (520 112, 522 133 and 522 101 s).
Platelet aggregation induced by 5 lM ADP was lower during prasugrel (27.9 12.8) compared with clopidogrel therapy (49.2 16.8 au;
P < 0.001), and both were lower than aspirin (71.1 8.9 au; both
P < 0.001). Platelet aggregation induced by 2 lg mL1 collagen was
lower during prasugrel therapy (60.2 18.5) compared with clopidogrel (70.5 19.0 au, respectively; P < 0.01) and response to arachidonic acid stimulation was also reduced (52.6 31.1 and 61.1 36.1,
respectively; P < 0.01). P-selectin expression induced by 10 lM ADP
was reduced with prasugrel compared with clopidogrel (11.5 8.1
and 24.8 17.2, respectively, P < 0.001).
Conclusion: Monotherapy with prasugrel in diabetes is associated with
stronger inhibition of platelet function compared with clopidogrel and
a broader range of inhibition of platelet responses compared with aspirin. Outcome studies are warranted to investigate the role of long-term
monotherapy with prasugrel in diabetes.
OR399
Generation and characterization of a panel of
nanobodies towards human MMP-2: application to the
study of MMP-2 in cardiovascular pathophysiology
Marturano A1, Hendrickx M2, Bury L1, Falcinelli E1, Manni G1,
Malvestiti M1, Hassanzadeh-Ghassabeh G3,4, Muyldermans S3,4,
Declerck P2 and Gresele P1
1
Department of Medicine, Section of Internal and Cardiovascular
Medicine, University of Perugia, Italy, Perugia, Italy; 2Laboratory
for Therapeutic and Diagnostic Antibodies, KU Leuven, Leuven;
3
Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of
Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel; 4VIB, Department of
Structural Biology, Brussel, Belgium
Background: MMP-2, a member of the matrix metalloproteinases
(MMPs) family, is a zinc-dependent endopeptidase involved in cardiovascular disease and cancer. MMP-2 contributes to platelet adhesion
and aggregation by amplifying the platelet response to primary stim-
ABSTRACTS
uli. To date, no highly selective MMP-2 inhibitors have been identified
for potential use in humans.
Aims: Aim of our work was to create a panel of nanobodies highly
selective for human MMP-2 and to assess their effects on platelet function, and their applicability as conjugated nanobodies for use in flowcytometry or immunocyto/histochemistry.
Methods: We developed a library of 61 nanobodies by immunizing an
Alpaca with human recombinant active MMP-2, purified from culture
medium of transfected HEK293 cells. Each member of the library was
tested for its effect on MMP-2 gelatinolytic activity by reverse zymography, and on platelet aggregation by Light Transmission Aggregometry (LTA). One nanobody was conjugated with fluorescin
isothiocyanate (FITC) for evaluation in immunocyto/histochemistry
and flow-cytometry.
Results: Three MMP-2-inhibiting nanobodies were characterized.
Nanobody VHH-MMP-2-144 clone was a strong inhibitor of MMP-2
gelatinolytic activity. VHH-MMP-2-114 clone inhibited platelet aggregation induced by collagen 2 lg mL1 (% inhibition = 75 11%)
and by ADP 5 lM (% inhibition = 53 7.6%). VHH-MMP-2-171
blocked MMP-2 gelatinolytic activity and inhibited platelet aggregation induced by collagen 2 lg mL1 (% inhibition = 30 2.9%) and
by ADP 5 lM (% inhibition = 40 4.4%). FITC-conjugated VHHMMP-2-114 (4 lg per 100k cells) was able to highlight MMP-2 on the
surface of 93% of HeLa cells, both in flow-cytometry and immunocytochemistry.
Conclusion: We have developed a panel of nanobodies against human
MMP-2 and have identified 3 clones that are able to block the MMP-2
gelatinolytic activity and/or its potentiating effect on platelet aggregation. These nanobodies are a promising tool for the study of MMP-2
in cardiovascular pathophysiology.
OR400
High on aspirin platelet reactivity predicts cardiac
death in acute coronary syndrome patients undergoing
PCI (RECLOSE2-ACS study)
Marcucci R1, Gori AM1, Paniccia R1, Grifoni E1, Giusti B1,
Valenti R2, Parodi G2, Migliorini A1, Antoniucci D2, Gensini GF1
and Abbate R1
1
Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence;
2
Experimental and Clinical Medicine, AOU Careggi, Florence,
Italy
Background: High on clopidogrel platelet reactivity (HCPR) is associated with a higher risk for MACE in patients with ACS undergoing
PCI. Conflicting data are available on high on aspirin platelet reactivity (HAPR) and clinical outcome.
Aims: To evaluate the possible role of HAPR in aCS pts undergoing
PCI.
Methods: We performed a prospective study of 1789 patients with
ACS undergoing PCI in whom platelet reactivity was assessed by light
transmittance aggregometry (APACT4, Helena Laboratories, Milan,
Italy) using arachidonic acid (AA) as an agonist. HAPR was found in
20.3% of patients (364/1789).
Results: Patients with HAPR were significantly older, and with a
higher prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and reduced ejection fraction. Patients with three-vessel disease and multivessel PCI had a significantly higher prevalence of HAPR. In addition, total stent length,
number of stents per patient and use of DES were significantly higher
in HAPR patients. At a 24 month-follow-up, in 89 patients we registered a cardiac death; in 41 a myocardial infarction was documented,
in 22 an ischemic stroke, in 59 a stent thrombosis. Sixteen patients
underwent a urgent revascularization.
The prevalence of cardiac death was 9.7% in HAPR (35/362) and
3.8% in no-HAPR (54/1410) [HR 2.63 (1.724.02), P < 0.0001]; stent
249
thrombosis 6.1% in HAPR (22/362) vs. 2.6% in no-HAPR (37/1410)

[HR 2.4 (1.424.07), P < 0.001], whereas there were no significant differences in the other clinical end-points. At the multivariate analysis
adjusted also for HCPR, HAPR was confirmed as an independent risk
factor for cardiac death [HR 1.88 (1.212.93), P < 0.005, P < 0.0001]
and stent thrombosis [HR 1.91 (1.123.28), P 0.018]. Adding HAPR
to the model including clinical and procedural risk factors, and HCPR,
NRI improved significantly and was 39% for cardiac death and 34.7%
for stent thrombosis.
Conclusion: HAPR was found to be an independent risk factor for cardiac death and stent thrombosis in ACS patients undergoing PCI.
Disclosure of Interest: R. Marcucci Speaker Bureau of: Bayer; Merck;
Astra Zeneca; Pfizer; Eli Lilly, A. M. Gori: None declared, R. Paniccia: None declared, E. Grifoni: None declared, B. Giusti: None
declared, R. Valenti: None declared, G. Parodi: None declared, A. Migliorini: None declared, D. Antoniucci: None declared, G. F. Gensini:
None declared, R. Abbate: None declared.
Megakaryocytes and
Thrombopoiesis III
OR401
Mice lacking the inhibitory collagen receptor LAIR1
exhibit a mild thrombocytosis and hyperactive
platelets
M2, Bem D1,
Mazharian A1, Thomas SG1, Lordkipanidze
1
3
1
Heising S , Meyaard L , Senis YA and Watson SP1
1
Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; 2Institut de Cardiologie de
Montr
eal, Universit
e de Montr
eal, Montr
eal, Canada;
3
Department of Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht,
Utrecht, The Netherlands
Background: Inhibition of platelet activation is important for controlling pathological thrombosis. The leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor-1 (LAIR1) is an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based
inhibition motif (ITIM)-containing collagen receptor that inhibits signalling via the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif
(ITAM)-containing collagen receptor complex GPVI-FcRc-chain.
LAIR1 is expressed on hematopoietic cells and immature megakaryocytes (MKs), but is not detectable on platelets. Although the inhibitory
function of LAIR1 has been described in immune cells, its physiological role in MKs and platelets has not been explored.
Aims: We investigated the in vivo role of LAIR1 in MK development
and platelet production.
Methods: LAIR1 knockout (KO) mice were generated. MKs and
platelets were analysed using standard protocols.
Results: LAIR1 KO mice exhibit a significant increase in platelet
counts, prolonged platelet half-life in vivo, and increased proplatelet
formation in vitro. Platelets from LAIR1 KO mice exhibited a mild
enhancement of reactivity to collagen and the GPVI-specific agonist
collagen-related peptide (CRP), despite not expressing LAIR1. As a
result, platelets from LAIR1 KO mice formed larger aggregates on a
collagen matrix under arterial shear. Platelets from LAIR1 KO mice
exhibited an increased tyrosine phosphorylation of the FcRc-chain,
the activation loop of Src Family Kinases (SFKs), tyrosine kinase Syk
and its downstream target PLCc2 in response to CRP. Convulxinmediated SFK, Syk and PLCc2 activation was also enhanced in
LAIR1 KO MKs.
Conclusion: We show that LAIR1 is a negative regulator of platelet
production and reactivity to collagen. Absence of LAIR1 results in
increased SFK activity in MKs that gets transmitted to platelets, rendering them hyper-reactive to collagen. We show for the first time a
cellular phenotype associated with LAIR1 deficiency adding to the
250
ABSTRACTS
growing evidence that ITIM-containing receptors are critical regulators of platelet formation and function.
OR402
Identification of hox genes controlling thrombopoiesis
in zebrafish
Jagadeeswaran P and Sundaramoorthi H
Background: Thrombocytes are nucleated blood cells functionally
equivalent to mammalian platelets which play a central role in hemostasis. They also possess megakaryocyte features because thrombocytes and megakaryocytes have similar transcriptional machinery.
Hox genes have already been shown to play a role in megakaryocyte
development. However, a comprehensive genome-wide scan of all hox
genes that play a role in megakaryopoiesis has not been done.
Aims: The goal of this study is to comprehensively knockdown hox genes to identify specific hox genes involved in zebrafish
thrombopoiesis.
Methods: We performed flow cytometry to count thrombocytes using
white cell fraction of zebrafish blood fluorescently labeled with mepacrine. For knockdown of hox genes we injected adult zebrafish with a
control morpholino piggybacked with a standard oligonucleotide antisense to the cognate mRNA.
Results: We initially selected five hox genes, hoxa10b, hoxb2a, hoxc5a,
hoxc11b, and hoxd3a from our earlier microarray analysis. We tested
for the differential expression of these hox genes in both young and
mature thrombocytes by RT-PCR. We found that hoxc11b was
expressed only in young thrombocytes and that the remaining four
genes were expressed in both young and mature thrombocytes. We
then performed knockdown on all the five hox genes and counted
thrombocytes. We found that knockdown of hoxa10b, hoxb2a, hoxc5a,
and hoxd3a showed reduction in the thrombocyte counts while knockdown of hoxc11b increased thrombocyte counts. Using this strategy,
we then screened another 47 hox genes in the zebrafish genome and
found that knockdown of hoxa9a and hoxb1a also resulted in
decreased thrombocyte number.
Conclusion: In conclusion we found six hox genes that are positive regulators and one hox gene which is a negative regulator for thrombocyte development.
OR403
Proof of principle for efficiency in thrombosis of sheargenerated platelets from cultured megakaryocytes
Pietrzyk-Nivau A1,2, Poirault-Chassac S1,2, Kauskot A3,4,
Denis CV3,4 and Baruch D1,2
1
UMR_S1140, INSERM; 2Univ Paris Descartes, Paris;
3
UMR_S1176, INSERM; 4University Paris Sud, Le KremlinBicetre, France
Background: Platelets originate from megakaryocytes (MK) by intravascular fragmentation. Evidence for platelet production from human
MK exposure to high shear has already been demonstrated.
Aims: To assess whether platelets produced in vitro after exposure of
MK to high shear rates, were functional in in vivo models.
Methods: Microchannels were precoated with murine recombinant
von Willebrand factor (VWF), and mature murine MK were perfused
for 45 min at a shear rate of 1800 s1 via an electropneumatic pump
through a Bioflux200 microfluidic platform. In some experiments,
human MK were perfused on human VWF-coated microchannels.
Results: Murine bone marrow MK produced proplatelets and platelets

during high shear exposure. This was not accompanied by platelet activation since > 90% platelets released from MK were translocating on
VWF and < 5% were firmly adherent. Shear-generated platelets present hallmarks of functional platelets in vitro and in vivo. These sheargenerated platelets expressed normal glycoprotein levels, responded to
platelet agonists by reorganizing their cytoskeleton and by shifting the
conformation of the integrin aIIbb3 to an activated state. Using the
FeCl3 thrombosis model, these platelets specifically incorporated into
the growing thrombus in vivo. Finally, survival of human platelets in
an immunodeficient mouse model was assessed. Human shear-generated platelets infused into Rag2/cc/ mice were detected up to 16 h
in vivo.
Conclusion: These data indicate the potential functionality of platelets
generated in vitro following MK exposure to high shear rates. This
constitutes a proof of principle for the efficiency in thrombosis of
shear-generated platelets.
OR404
A novel function of CLEC-2 in megakaryopoiesis:
CLEC-2/PDPN microenvironment facilitates expansion
and maturation of megakaryocytes
Tamura S1,2, Suzuki-Inoue K1, Tsukiji N1, Shirai T1, Sasaki T1,
Osada M3, Satoh K3 and Ozaki Y1
1
Yamanashi, Chuo; 2Research Fellow of Japan Society for the
Promotion of Science, Tokyo; 3Division of Laboratory Medicine,
University of Yamanashi Hospital, Chuo, Japan
Background: C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC-2) is a novel platelet
activation receptor. Podoplanin (PDPN) was identified as an endogenous CLEC-2 ligand. The CLEC-2/PDPN axis plays crucial roles for
the vascular/lymphatic separation during embryonic development and
the integrity of high endothelial venules in lymph nodes. Interestingly,
CLEC-2 knockout (KO) and megakaryocyte (MK)/platelet-specific
conditional KO (cKO) mice show thrombocytopenic and mild anemic
phenotypes.
Aims: The aim of this study is to explore the new role of CLEC-2 for
megakaryo/thrombopoiesis.
Methods: Bone marrow (BM) cells were separated from femurs and
tibias. The number and ploidy of MKs were analyzed by FACS. BM
progenitor cells were isolated by lineage positive cells depletion.
Expansion of MKs was examined using MegaCult-C. Maturation of
MKs was estimated by proplatelet formation (PPF) ratio. To explore
PDPN positive BM stromal cells, immunohistochemistry (IHC) or
immunocytochemistry (ICC) was performed.
Results: The number of BM MKs was decreased in CLEC-2 cKO
mice. CFU-MK assay showed that recombinant PDPN stimulation
accelerated expansion of WT MK progenitors. Next, through the IHC
exploration in BM sections, we found PDPN+ BM stromal cells which
were of immunophenotypes similar to fibroblastic reticular cells
(FRCs) in lymph nodes. We also observed that subsets of MK colonies
located in the vicinity of these PDPN+ cells. In co-culture with MKs
and BM FRCs, we observed that expansion of CLEC-2 WT MK progenitors, but not that of cKO MK progenitors, was drastically accelerated. In addition, co-culture with MKs and BM FRCs promoted PPF
of CLEC-2 WT MKs, but not that of cKO MKs.
Conclusion: The thrombocytopenic phenotype in CLEC-2 cKO mice
could be attributed to the lack of CLEC-2/PDPN axis between MKs
and BM FRCs. These results have led us to a hypothesis that expansion and maturation of MK lineages are partly supported by CLEC-2/
PDPN microenvironment consisting of BM FRCs.
ABSTRACTS
OR405
The dense blood vessel network in the murine bone
marrow spatially limits megakaryocyte migration
Van Eeuwijk JMM1,2, Stegner D1,2, Angay O1,3, Pinnecker J1,3,
Friedrich M1,3, Brede C4, Beilhack A4, Nieswandt B1,2 and
Heinze KG1,3
1
Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine,
University of Wuerzburg; 2Chair of Vascular Medicine, University
Hospital Wuerzburg; 3Bio-Imaging Center, University of
Wuerzburg; 4Department of Medicine II and Interdisciplinary
Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF), University Hospital
Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
Background: Megakaryocytes (MKs) are derived from megakaryocyte
progenitors and mature under the influence of thrombopoietin, a process termed megakaryopoiesis. MK development is thought to progress spatially from the endosteal niche to the sinusoidal vascular
niche where terminal maturation and thrombopoiesis occur. However,
the location of MK maturation and the functional significance of MK
migration towards the vascular niche for thrombopoiesis remain illdefined. Previous studies on megakaryopoiesis were hampered by the
need to section bones, possibly resulting in cutting artefacts and an
underestimation of MK-to-vessel contacts and MK volumes. Therefore, we developed a new method to visualize MKs in their 3D environment using light-sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM), which
enables imaging of large tissue samples.
Aims: We aimed to visualize the spatio-temporal distribution and
responses of MKs in the intact murine bone marrow during acute
thrombocytopenia.
Methods: Megakaryopoiesis was induced by depleting circulating
platelets with a bolus injection of anti-GPIb antibodies. Sterna were
antibody-stained for MKs and endothelial cells, paraformaldehydefixed, chemically cleared and imaged by LSFM.
Results: We established a method for visualizing MKs in the intact
bone, at a resolution that enables the visualization of proplatelets. In
addition, thrombocytopenia was induced and the effects on megakaryopoiesis were monitored for several days. This approach allowed us
to quantify changes in MK volume, localization and number in the
bone marrow of the unsectioned sternum. Interestingly, we could identify an extremely dense network of blood vessels in the bone marrow,
revealing an unexpected spatial limitation for MK migration.
Conclusion: This novel method complements current in situ and ex vivo
techniques. The high quality 3D data challenge the current concept of
MK migration and give a more detailed insight into the environmental
regulation of MKs and the functional significance of MK migration
for thrombopoiesis.
Von Willebrand factor II

OR406
Single nucleotide variants C.2365A>G and C.2385T>C
are associated with increased VWF plasma levels
through an effect on mRNA half-life
Mufti A, Goodeve A, Peake I, Hampshire D and on behalf of on
behalf of the EU-VWD and ZPMCB-VWD study groups
Sheffield, UK
Background: von Willebrand factor (VWF) plasma levels vary considerably; between 50 and 200 IU dL1 in 95% of the general population. Several factors have been associated with this variation including
ABO blood group and VWF single nucleotide variants (SNV). Several
studies highlighted significant association between SNV rs1063856
251
(c.2365A>G; p.Thr789Ala) and rs1063857 (c.2385T>C; p.Tyr795=)

with VWF level.
Aims: To further investigate the association between SNV rs1063856
and rs1063857 with VWF level and elucidate the mechanism(s)
involved.
Methods: SNV were genotyped in healthy controls (HC) recruited by
the MCMDM-1VWD study. In vitro expression of VWF containing
SNV was performed in HEK293T cells, followed by measurement of
VWF mRNA expression using TaqMan quantitation and VWF:Ag
via ELISA. mRNA half-life was measured after inhibiting transcription using 5 lg mL1 Actinomycin D at 0, 2, 3 and 4 h post treatment.
Results: Genotype analysis of HC showed that both variants were significantly associated with increased VWF level (c.2365A>G AA:
96.4 IU dL1; AG: 99.6 IU dL1; GG: 114.3 IU dL1; P < 0.0001;
n = 1095; c.2385T>C TT: 96.4 IU dL1; TC: 99.5 IU dL1; CC:
113.9 IU dL1; P < 0.0001; n = 1109) and are in strong LD
(r = 99.01%). In vitro expression (n = 3) showed similar results
(c.2365A>G AA: 100%; AG: 115%; GG: 131%; P = 0.0009;
c.2385T>C TT: 100%; TC: 104%; CC: 128%; P = 0.006; both SNV in
trans WT: 100%; heterozygous: 113%; homozygous: 125%; P = 0.03).
mRNA expression (n = 3) was also increased (c.2365A>G AA: 100%;
AG:144%; GG: 153%; p0.005; c.2385T>C TT: 100%; TC: 134%; CC:
153%; P = 0.02; both SNV WT: 100%; heterozygous: 156%; homozygous: 174%; P < 0.001). RNA half-life (n = 1) increased by 18.3% for
c.2365A>G, 16.5% for c.2385T>C and 18.9% for both SNV in trans.
Conclusion: SNV c.2365A>G and c.2385T>C are associated with
increased VWF mRNA and protein expression levels. This observed
difference appears to be due to a longer mRNA half-life for the nonreference allele.
OR407
Type 2B von Willebrand disease: the biological
consequences of a prolonged embrace
Diacovo T1, Zhou H1, Diacovo A1, long Zheng X2, Emsley J3 and
Chen J1
1
Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York;
2
Laboratory Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, USA;
3
School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
Background: Type 2B mutations cluster near the termini of VWF-A1
domain where they support either an energetic contribution that augments binding or reduce a steric clash that impedes interactions with
GPIba. Such mutations can also prolong the GPIbaVWF-A1 bond
lifetime. However, it is unclear whether an alteration in bond lifetime
contributes to the defect in hemostasis associated with type 2B VWD.
Aims: To dissect the mechanism(s) by which the 2B mutation I1309V
disrupts hemostasis and thrombosis by studying the biophysical properties of mutant murine GPIbaVWF-A1 complexes and generating
mice with mutant A1 domains.
Methods: Bond lifetime was measured by high temporal resolution
video microscopy. Mice were generated with the following VWF-A1
mutations: (i) I1309V (minor binding site); (ii) R1326H (major binding
site) that supports human but not mouse GPIba binding; (iii) I1309V
and R1326H. PlateletVWF interactions were assessed by LTA, flow
chamber, tail bleeding, and laser-induced arterial injury.
Results: I1309V prolonged, R1326H shortened, and the combined
mutations yielded a GPIbaVWF-A1 bond lifetime comparable to the
native murine complex. The I1309V/R1326H substitutions did, however, augment interactions with human GPIba. In mice, I1309V produced a type 2B phenotype, with loss of HMW multimers and defects
in hemostasis and thrombosis. In contrast, the R1326H impaired
plateletVWF interactions, yielding a phenotype similar to VWF null
mice. In the context of R1326H, however, the I1309V could no longer
252
ABSTRACTS
induce type 2B VWD: hemostatic/thrombotic properties of VWF possessing the I1309V/R1326H double mutations were indistinguishable
from the native protein. However, infusion of human platelets resulted
in a type 2B like phenotype.
Conclusion: (i) I1309V mutation yields a type 2B phenotype only if it
can prolong the GPIba-VWF-A1 lifetime beyond that of the native
complex; (ii) lifetime of this interaction must be maintained within a
specific range to support effective hemostasis.
OR408
Pathological VWF fibers resist tPA and ADAMTS13
while facilitating the contact pathway and shearinduced platelet activation
Herbig BA and Diamond SL
Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of
Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
Background: Under severe stenotic conditions seen in pathologic coronary vessels, von Willebrand Factor (vWF) in plasma multimerizes
into large insoluble fibers at pathological shear rates. Due to the
importance of high shear stenotic anatomies in many cardiovascular
pathologies, it is essential to understand the behavior and properties
of high molecular weight, fibrous vWF and its interactions with platelets.
Aims: Implement a micropost-impingement microfluidic device to multimerize and capture fibrous vWF in order to examine the thrombolytic resistance of vWF fibers, procoagulant properties, and role in
platelet activation.
Methods: A stenosis-shaped microfluidic device with a micropost in
flow was used to shear and capture fibrous vWF from platelet-free
plasma (PFP).
Results: Captured vWF fiber thickness increased in a shear-dependent
manner between 5000 s1 and 10,000 s1. Stress-strain tests in flow
estimated the elastic modulus of fibrous vWF to be ~50 MPa. Insoluble vWF fibers were not amyloid since they rapidly dissolved in trypsin
or 2% SDS, but they were resistant to 50 nM ADAMTS13 or 100 nM
tPA in plasma. Following fiber formation, low corn trypsin inhibitor
(CTI)-treated (4 lg mL1) recalcified citrated plasma perfusion at
1500 s1 resulted in local fibrin formation on the vWF fibers, a result
not observed with purified type 1 collagen or a naked micropost. Since
fibrin formation did not occur on vWF fiber formed using EDTA/
PPACK/Apixaban/high CTI-treated PFP, it is thought that contact
pathway factors accumulated in the vWF fibers as they multimerized.
When PPACK-inhibited whole blood was perfused over vWF fibers,
platelets rolled and arrested on the surface of vWF, but only displayed
P-selectin at regions of pathological shear. Platelet arrest on vWF
fibers was blocked with the aIIbb3 antagonist GR144053.
Conclusion: These observations reveal vWF fiber-contact pathway
crosstalk during acute myocardial infarction and define a new mechanism of resistance of occlusive clots to thrombolytic therapy.
OR409
The scavenger receptor stabilin-2 (STAB-2) mediates
clearance of human von Willebrand factor and factor
VIII by liver sinusoidal endothelial cells
Swystun LL1, Notley C1, Georgescu I1, Sponagle K1,
Schledzewski K2, G
eraud C2, Goerdt S2, James PD3 and
1
Lillicrap D
1
Kingston, Canada; 2Department of Dermatology, Venereology
and Allergology, University Medical Center and Medical Faculty,
Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; 3Medicine,
Queens University, Kingston, Canada
Background: Plasma levels of von Willebrand factor (VWF) and factor
VIII (FVIII) influence the risk for bleeding and thrombosis. The mechanisms by which VWF and FVIII are cleared from the plasma are largely uncharacterized. Polymorphisms in stabilin-2 (STAB-2), a
scavenger receptor expressed by liver sinusoidal endothelial cells
(LSECs), were associated with plasma levels of VWF and FVIII in a
GWAS meta-analysis.
Aims: We investigated the ability of LSECs and STAB-2 to bind and
endocytose VWF and FVIII and regulate VWF-FVIII clearance.
Methods: Internalization of VWF and FVIII by LSECs was evaluated
in vivo using immunohistochemistry and ex vivo using isolated murine
LSECs by immunofluorescence. The clearance of VWF and FVIII by
STAB-2 was evaluated in VWF//STAB-2/ mice. Endocytosis of
VWF and FVIII by STAB-2 was observed using transfected HEK 293
cells.
Results: Human plasma derived (pd) and murine recombinant (r)
VWF infused into VWF KO mice was internalized by CD31 positive
cells (Kupffer cells and LSECs). Depletion of murine LSECs with
cyclophosphamide increased the half-life of infused human pdVWF
(1.8-fold, P = 0.009). Isolated LSECs expressing CD31 and STAB-2
bound and internalized human pdVWF, and murine recombinant (r)
VWF.
The half-life of infused human pdVWF was significantly longer in
VWF//STAB-2/ mice than in VWF/ controls (VWF-FVIII
complex: 2.3-fold, P = 0.0003; VWF (FVIII-free): 2-fold, P = 0.0005).
The half-life of human pdFVIII bound to VWF was significantly longer
in VWF//STAB-2/ mice (slow half-life = 1.2 fold, P = 0.002).
STAB-2 deficiency did not influence endogenous VWF levels or the
half-life of murine rVWF or pdVWF. Human and murine STAB-2
expressing HEK 293 cells bound and internalized human rVWF and
pdVWF-FVIII complex, but interacted weakly with murine rVWF.
Conclusion: LSECs mediate clearance of VWF and FVIII in a VWFdependent manner. STAB-2 is a novel clearance receptor for human
VWF-FVIII complex.
Disclosure of Interest: L. Swystun: None declared, C. Notley: None
declared, I. Georgescu: None declared, K. Sponagle: None declared,
K. Schledzewski: None declared, C. Geraud: None declared, S. Goerdt: None declared, P. James Grant/Research Support from: CSL Behring, Bayer and Octapharma, Consultant for: CSL Behring and
Octapharma, D. Lillicrap: None declared.
OR410
von Willebrand factor deficiency causes increased
angiogenesis following ischemic tissue damage
Starke RD1, Chillo O2, Smith K1, Deindl E2 and Randi AM1
1
Vascular Science, Imperial College London, London, UK;
2
Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, LudwigMaximilians-University, Munich, Germany
Background: Von Willebrand Factor (VWF) is multifunctional protein
synthesised by endothelial cells. Its deficiency or dysfunction causes
ABSTRACTS
Von Willebrand disease (VWD), the most common congenital bleeding disorder. VWD is associated with vascular malformations (angiodysplasia) which may lead to severe gastrointestinal bleeding. We
have shown that VWF regulates angiogenesis, providing a possible
mechanistic link to angiodysplasia.
Aims: To characterise the angiogenic defect in VWF/ mice during
physiological and pathological angiogenesis, and investigate the
molecular mechanism.
Methods: Signalling pathways were investigated in human umbilical
vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Physiological angiogenesis was studied using the mouse post-natal retina. Ischaemic induced angiogenesis
was studied with a murine model of hindlimb ischaemia, induced by
femoral artery ligation.
Results: In HUVEC, inhibition of VWF expression by siRNAs
resulted in increased VEGF Receptor (VEGFR) 2-dependent signalling to ERK1/2 (P < 0.001) leading to increase proliferation; this was
enhanced by cell adhesion, suggesting involvement of integrin b3. In
vivo, VEGFR2 and integrin b3 are of central importance in sprouting
angiogenesis in the mouse retina during development. VWF was
expressed throughout retinal vasculature, with levels increasing
towards the angiogenic front (P < 0.01), implicating VWF in the regulation of angiogenic sprouting. Supporting this model, retinas from
VWF/ mice showed increased vascular density (P < 0.05) and tip
cell numbers at the angiogenic front (P < 0.001). Hypoxia is a major
initiator of VEGF-dependent angiogenesis. Hindlimb ischaemia
caused increased tissue damage (P < 0.05) and angiogenesis
(P < 0.001) in VWF/ mice, supporting a role for VWF in the inhibition of hypoxia-induced pathological angiogenesis.
Conclusion: These data indicate that a deficiency in VWF promotes
physiological and pathological-induced angiogenesis through pathways involving VEGFR2.
Factor VIII III

OR411
Cell-specific FVIII expression in hemophilia A gene
therapy to overcome immunological responses
Merlin S, Cannizzo ES, Bruscaggin V, Bellofatto K and Follenzi A
Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte
Orientale, Novara, Italy
Background: Hemophilia A (HA) is a X-linked bleeding disorder due
to mutations in clotting factor (F) VIII gene. HA patients are treated
with recombinant or plasma-derived FVIII with high probability to
develop inhibitors. Despite the efforts aimed to cure HA the immune
response is still the main issue. Antigen-presentation occurring in the
liver by sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC) or Kupffer cells (KC)
induces tolerance rather than immunity to antigens locally presented
to T-cells.
Aims: To study the role of LSEC and KC in HA gene transfer using
lentiviral vectors (LV)-expressing FVIII driven by cell-specific promoters miRNA target sequences (miRTs).
Methods: We prepared LV containing GFP or hFVIII cDNA under
the control of PGK (ubiquitous), CD11b (monocyte/macrophage marker) and VEC (endothelial marker) promoter alone or with several
combination of miRTs, i.e. miRT142.3p (silencing in hemopoietic
cells), miRT126 (silencing in endothelial cells) or miRT122 (silencing
in hepatocytes), and injected HA mice.
Results: After LV characterization in vivo using GFP as transgene, we
injected HA mice with LV.PGK.FVIII 142, LV.CD11b.FVIII
126 and LV.VEC.FVIII 122142. In the group of LV.PGK antiFVIII antibodies were detected 2w after injection and the presence of
miRT142 halved the inhibitor titer. Mice injected with
LV.CD11b.FVIII-126 and LV.VEC.FVIII-122-142 reached long-term
phenotypic correction up to 1 year with an average of 56% FVIII
253
and absence of anti-FVIII antibodies. PCR on genomic DNA demonstrated LV integration and RT-PCR and tissue staining demonstrated
hFVIII expression in desired cell targets. Moreover, in these mice tolerance was obtained since we obtained FVIII activity in FVIII-immunized mice producing anti-FVIII antibodies.
Conclusion: LV expressing FVIII under control of cell-specific promoters combined with miRT-combinations were able to overcome FVIII
off-target expression limiting immune responses and providing phenotypic correction in treated HA mice.
OR412
Influence of VWF-FVIII binding on arterial thrombus
formation and stability in A murine model of severe
type 2N VWD
Swystun LL1, Georgescu I1, Mewburn JD2, Sponagle K1, Notley C1
and Lillicrap D1
1
Pathology and Molecular Medicine; 2Division of Cancer Biology
and Genetics, Queens University, Kingston, Canada
Background: von Willebrand factor (VWF) and factor VIII (FVIII)
circulate in the plasma as a non-covalent complex. VWF may influence
plasma FVIII activity by stabilizing FVIII levels and transporting
FVIII to the site of platelet thrombus formation. Type 2N von Willebrand disease (VWD) involves impaired binding of VWF to FVIII.
Aims: The influence of VWF-FVIII binding on thrombus formation
and stability was investigated in a murine model of severe type 2N
VWD.
Methods: Severe type 2N VWD (R816W) mice were generated by
hydrodynamic injection of murine VWF cDNA into VWF/ mice
(VWF:Ag = 2 U mL1). Intravital arteriole thrombus formation in
the murine cremaster was induced by hematoporphyrin.
Results: Hydrodynamic expression of wild-type (WT) VWF stabilized
plasma FVIII (FVIII:C = 100%) while R816W VWF did not (FVIII:
C = 20%). Time to vessel occlusion was slightly increased for R816W
VWF relative to WT (1.3-fold, P = 0.2). Thrombus volume (1.6-fold,
P = 0.008), average thrombus size (1.4-fold, P = 0.0007) and number
of thrombi (1.5-fold, P = 0.0001) were increased for mice expressing
WT VWF. R816W VWF was associated with a greater frequency of
small embolic events (1.51-fold, P = 0.05).
To assess VWF transportation of FVIII to the thrombus, plasma
FVIII stabilization was controlled by IV injection of VWF (FVIIIfree) into VWF/ mice (FVIII:C = 20%). For mice infused with
R816W VWF, time to occlusion was slightly delayed relative to mice
infused with WT VWF (1.3-fold, P = 0.26). Thrombus volume (1.65fold, P = 0.0008), and number of thrombi (1.3-fold, P = 0.01) were
increased for WT relative to R816W VWF-infused mice, however
average thrombus size and frequency of embolization were not significantly different.
Conclusion: Stabilization of plasma FVIII by VWF resulted in formation of larger, more stable thrombi. Impaired binding of VWF to
FVIII decreased total number of thrombi formed. Patients with type
2N VWD may have normal primary hemostasis but decreased stability
of formed thrombi.
Disclosure of Interest: L. Swystun: None declared, I. Georgescu: None
declared, J. Mewburn: None declared, K. Sponagle: None declared, C.
Notley: None declared, D. Lillicrap Grant/Research Support from:
Bayer, Biogen-Idec, Baxter and Octapharma.
254
ABSTRACTS
OR413
A FVIII/VWF chimeric protein with VWF independent
pharmacokinetic properties
Patarroyo-White S1, Drager D1, Liu T1, Ismail A1, Liu J1,
Holthaus A1, Chhabra ES1, Kulman J1, Schellenberger V2 and
Peters R1
1
Hematology Research, Biogen Idec, Cambridge, MA; 2Amunix
Operating Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA
Background: Recombinant FVIII-XTEN/VWF heterodimer is a
FVIII/VWF chimeric protein which does not associate with endogenous Von Willebrand Factor (VWF) and has demonstrated comparable potency and 4-fold prolongation on half-life and efficacy compared
to rFVIII in HemA mice. The half-life of rFVIII-XTEN/VWF is
expected to be independent from the amount and FVIII binding affinity of circulating VWF. This unique property of rFVIII-XTEN/VWF
may result in a more uniform pharmacokinetic profile in Haemophilia
A patients and makes it a potential candidate for the treatment of
bleeding disorders associated with low level of FVIII in patients with
Von Willebrand disease (VWD).
Aims: To determine the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics of rFVIII-XTEN/VWF in FVIII deficient (HemA) and FVIII/
VWF deficient (DKO) mice.
Methods: rFVIII-XTEN/VWF heterodimer comprises a FVIIIXTEN-Fc chain covalently associated with a VWF DD3-XTEN-Fc
chain via the two Fc-domains. Activity PK profiles were determined in
HemA and DKO mice in comparison to rFVIII; prolonged efficacy
was evaluated by ex vivo ROTEM.
Results: The half-life of rFVIII is dramatically decreased from 8 h in
HemA mice to 15 min in DKO mice; in contrast, the half-life of
rFVIII-XTEN/VWF is similar in HemA and DKO mice at 34 and
35 h respectively. In addition, similar MRT, Clearance and AUC were
also observed for rFVIII-XTEN/VWF in the two mouse strains. Correlated to the extended half-life, rFVIII-XTEN/VWF also demonstrated at least 30-fold extension on procoagulant activity compared
to rFVIII in DKO mice as measured by ex vivo ROTEM.
Conclusion: The PK profile of rFVIII-XTEN/VWF heterodimer is
independent from the circulating VWF, which may lead to a more uniformed dosing regimen if used in HemA patients. It has also demonstrated significantly extended procoagulant activity compared to
rFVIII in VWF deficient animals, thus could potentially be a good
candidate as prophylactic treatment for some types of VWD.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Patarroyo-White Shareholder of: Biogen Idec,
Employee of: Biogen Idec, D. Drager Shareholder of: Biogen Idec,
Employee of: Biogen Idec, T. Liu Shareholder of: Biogen Idec,
Employee of: Biogen Idec, A. Ismail Shareholder of: Biogen Idec,
Employee of: Biogen Idec, J. Liu Shareholder of: Biogen Idec,
Employee of: Biogen Idec, A. Holthaus Shareholder of: Biogen Idec,
Employee of: Biogen Idec, E. Chhabra Shareholder of: Biogen Idec,
Employee of: Biogen Idec, J. Kulman Shareholder of: Biogen Idec,
Employee of: Biogen Idec, V. Schellenberger: None declared, R. Peters
Shareholder of: Biogen Idec, Employee of: Biogen Idec.
OR414
FVIII-VWF interaction assessed by hydrogendeuterium exchange mass spectrometry and binding
affinity
Faber JH1, Lamberth K2, Hansen JJ2, Olsen OH2, Heitmann M2,
Bolt G2, Krogh TN1, Rode F2, Kjalke M2, Haaning J2 and Thim L2
1
Protein Characterisation; 2Global Research, Novo Nordisk A/S,
Maaloev, Denmark.
Background: FVIII binding site on VWF has been localised to the
DD3 domains,I with the N-terminus of D being essential for high
affinity binding.II The D3 domain can be divided into the subdomains

VWD3, C8-3, TIL-3 and E-3.III
Aims: To structurally investigate the interaction between human
blood-coagulation factor VIII and von Willebrand factor.
Methods: Monomeric VWF fragments were expressed in CHO cells,
containing C1099S/C1142S substitutions to prevent dimerization. The
binding of rFVIII (turoctocog alfa, NovoEight) to VWF fragments
was characterised for affinity by competitive ELISA and for structural
dynamics and interface mapping by hydrogen-deuterium exchange
mass spectrometry (HDXMS).
Results: The IC50 values for rFVIII binding to VWF fragments were
1015 nM for DD3A1 and DD3 and 2 lM for DVWD3 and D. In
comparison, the IC50 for rFVIII binding to plasma derived VWF was
1 nM.
The HDXMS analysis revealed several regions in rFVIII light chain
(LC) with lowered deuterium incorporation upon binding to DD3A1,
i.e., of residues within a3 1671-1680; A3 17421751 and 18561874; C1
20612074 and 21252148; C2 22602280. Identical observations were
found within the A3 and C1 domains upon DD3, DVWD3, and D
binding. In contrast, discrepancies for the residues 22852300 in the
C2 domain were observed upon binding to DVWD3 and D.
HDXMS analysis of rFVIII binding to plasma derived VWF in hypertonic solution (0.9 M NaCl) was comparable to rFVIII binding to
DD3A1.
Conclusion: The study shows that nM range binding affinity of rFVIII
to VWF required the full DD3 domain. Overall good structural agreement was found for the HDXMS analysis of rFVIII binding to VWF
fragments. However, structural discrepancies were indicated of the
FVIII C2 domain dependent on the length of the VWF fragments and
in agreement with binding affinity variations. These findings suggest a
complex binding of FVIII to VWF inducing conformational changes
of FVIII LC.
I
JBC 1987, 262, 8443
II
JBC 2013, 288, 393
III
Blood 2012, 120, 449
Disclosure of Interest: J. Faber Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S, K.
Lamberth Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S, J. Hansen Employee of:
Novo Nordisk A/S, O. Hvilsted Olsen Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/
S, M. Heitmann Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S, G. Bolt Employee
of: Novo Nordisk A/S, T. Nylandsted Krogh Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S, F. Rode Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S, M. Kjalke
Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S, J. Haaning Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S, L. Thim Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S.
OR415
Improved pharmacokinetics and in vivo efficacy of
platelet-targeted factor VIIa-XTEN in human alpha IIb
transgenic/hemophilia A mice
Van Der Flier A1, Salas J1, Liu Z1, Ashworth T1, Kistanova E1,
Smith S1, Chen K1, Rabinovich D1, Tan S1, Schellenberger V2,
Light DR1 and Peters R1
1
Hematology Research, Biogen Idec, Cambridge; 2Amunix
Operating Inc, Mountain View, USA
Background: Potent recombinant activated Factor VII (rFVIIa) variants with prolonged pharmacokinetic properties may allow for effective prophylaxis treatment for hemophilia patients with inhibitors and
provide improved treatment and protection from severe joint damage.
We combined recombinant XTEN and platelet targeting technologies
to improve both the pharmacokinetics and the activity of FVIIa. We
have previously shown that fusion of the XTENpolypeptide increases
the hydrodynamic radius of rFVIIa, improving its pharmacokinetic
properties, and that the clot formation activity of rFVIIa is significantly improved by targeting it to platelets, without affecting platelet
activity. The latter is achieved by the recombinant fusion of an antibody fragment, which binds the platelet receptor human alpha IIb.
ABSTRACTS
Aims: To evaluate the pharmacokinetics and efficacy of platelet-targeted rFVIIa-XTEN proteins in humanized alpha IIb transgenic/
hemophilia A mice (Tg/HemA).
Methods: We used Tg/HemA mice to assess the pharmacokinetics of
platelet-targeted rFVIIa-XTEN by both plasma activity and ELISA.
Clotting activity was determined by ex-vivo ROTEM assays and the
efficacy to stop bleeds was explored by tail-clip experiments.
Results: Our results show that platelet-targeted rFVIIa-XTEN has a
longer half-life in Tg/HemA mice compared to rFVIIa based on
plasma activity levels. ROTEM assays, using blood from dosed mice,
showed greatly enhanced ex-vivo clotting activity compared to rFVIIa
at various doses and over time, suggesting prolonged efficacy. Finally,
tail-clip experiments demonstrated improved efficacy in stopping
bleeds for platelet-targeted rFVIIa-XTEN.
Conclusion: Platelet-targeted rFVIIa-XTEN fusion proteins show,
compared to rFVIIa in Tg/HemA mice, improved efficacy in acute tail
clip experiments, improved ROTEM potency and decreased clearance;
setting the basis for a potential prophylaxis treatment option for
hemophilia patients with inhibitors.
Disclosure of Interest: A. Van Der Flier Shareholder of: Biogen Idec,
Employee of: Biogen idec, J. Salas Shareholder of: Biogen Idec,
Employee of: Biogen idec, Z. Liu Shareholder of: Biogen Idec,
Employee of: Biogen idec, T. Ashworth Shareholder of: Biogen Idec,
Employee of: Biogen idec, E. Kistanova Shareholder of: Biogen Idec,
Employee of: Biogen idec, S. Smith Shareholder of: Biogen Idec,
Employee of: Biogen idec, K. Chen Shareholder of: Biogen Idec,
Employee of: Biogen idec, D. Rabinovich Shareholder of: Biogen Idec,
Employee of: Biogen idec, S. Tan Shareholder of: biogen Idec,
Employee of: biogen idec, V. Schellenberger Shareholder of: Amunix,
Employee of: Amunix, D. Light Shareholder of: Biogen Idec,
Employee of: Biogen idec, R. Peters Shareholder of: Biogen Idec,
Employee of: Biogen idec.
Platelets III
OR416
Targeted downregulation of CLEC-2 occurs through
SRC family kinase dependent internalization in mouse
platelets
gtle T1, Kiefer F2, Witke W3,
Lorenz V1, Stegner D1, Stritt S1, Vo
4
5
Watson SP , Walzog B and Nieswandt B1
1
Department of Experimental Biomedicine, Rudolf Virchow
rzburg, Wu
rzburg; 2Department of Vascular Cell
Center Wu
Biology, Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Biomedicine,
nster; 3Institute of Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn,
Mu
Germany; 4Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Institute of
Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham,
UK; 5Department of Cardiovascular Physiology and
Pathophysiology, Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental
Medicine, M
unchen, Germany
Background: The C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC-2) plays an
important role in thrombosis, hemostasis and prevention of inflammatory bleeding. Ligation of CLEC-2 induces phosphorylation of the
hemITAM by Src family kinases (SFK) and Syk, initiating a signaling
cascade which culminates in the activation of phospholipase C gamma
2. We have previously shown that treatment of mice with the CLEC-2
specific antibody INU1 results in depletion of CLEC-2 in circulating
platelets, which is preceded by a severe transient thrombocytopenia.
Such CLEC-2 depleted mice are protected from arterial thrombosis,
but do not show a major bleeding defect. The mechanisms underlying
this targeted CLEC-2 downregulation are unknown.
Aims: We aimed to identify the mechanisms underlying INU1-induced
thrombocytopenia and receptor depletion in vivo by utilizing pharma-
255
cological inhibitors and mouse lines deficient in critical signaling molecules.

Methods: For depletion of CLEC-2 in circulating platelets, mice were
treated with the antibody INU1 (100 lg i.v.). Platelet counts and function were analyzed ex vivo for up to 10 days using flow cytometry, biochemical methods and functional assays.
Results: INU1-treatment induced a severe transient thrombocytopenia
in wild-type, but not CLEC-2 deficient mice, independently of FcRcmediated phagocytosis or integrin-mediated platelet aggregation. In
contrast, INU1-induced thrombocytopenia was strongly attenuated in
mice with a platelet-specific Syk deficiency, while CLEC-2 downregulation was fully preserved. Further studies revealed that INU1-induced
CLEC-2 downregulation occurred through internalization in vitro and
in vivo and was completely blocked by SFK inhibitors, as was the associated thrombocytopenia.
Conclusion: Our results show for the first time that CLEC-2 can be
downregulated from the platelet surface through SFK-dependent
internalization, and that this can be uncoupled from the undesired
antibody-induced thrombocytopenia thereby increasing its potential
clinical use.
OR417
Protein disulfide isomerase denitrosylase activity in
platelet activation
Bekendam R1, Gopal S1, Bendapudi P1, Cook K2, Dilks J1, Lin L1,
Bowley S1, Stopa J1, Huang M1, Croce K3, Furie B1, Hogg P2 and
Flaumenhaft R1
1
Hemostasis & Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical
Center, Boston, USA; 2University of New South Wales, Sydney,
Australia; 3Brigham and Womens Hospital, Boston, USA
Background: A role for PDI in thrombus formation is now established
and PDI antagonists are in clinical trials. Yet the mechanisms by
which PDI contributes to thrombus formation are unknown.
Aims: To determine whether the denitrosylase activity of PDI contributes to its role in platelet activation and thrombus formation.
Methods: We developed a series of PDI active site mutants and
screened for mutants with increased denitrosylase activity (denitrosylase-biased mutants) or increased reductase activity (reductase-biased
mutants).
Results: Screening PDI active site mutants identified a reductasebiased and a denitrosylase-biased mutant. Using differential cysteine
alkylation followed by mass spectroscopy to determine the redox
potential of active site cysteines, we showed that oxidase-biased
mutant had the highest redox potentials (Eo = 205 mV), while the
denitrosylase-biased mutant had the lowest redox potentials
(Eo = 268 mV). Incubation of platelets with a nitric oxide (NO)
donor resulted in total inhibition of platelet activation by multiple agonists. PDI reversed NO-induced platelet inhibition, while an enzymatically inert mutant had no effect. The denitrosylase-biased mutant
was even more effective than native PDI in reversing NO-induced inhibition. We next evaluated the effect of PDI on nitrosylation of a2bb3.
NO exposure resulted in a2bb3 nitrosylation. Subsequent exposure to
PDI resulted in denitrosylation of a2bb3. In thrombus formation studies performed in vivo, GSNOR/ mice lacking GSNO reductase, an
enzyme critical for metabolism of GSNO (the major physiologic NO
donor), demonstrated impaired platelet accumulation and fibrin formation. PDI reversed this inhibition, while inactive PDI did not.
Conclusion: These studies demonstrate that redox potential is a critical
determinant of PDI reductase vs. denitrosylase activity and show that
PDI denitrosylase activity functions in platelet activation and, potentially, in thrombus formation.
256
ABSTRACTS
OR418
PEAR1: a novel link between ige-mediated allergy and
cardiovascular disease
Sun Y1, Vandenbriele C2, Kauskot A2, Verhamme P2,
Hoylaerts MF2 and Wright GJ1
1
Cell Surface Signalling Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Sanger
Institute, Cambridge, UK; 2Center for Molecular and Vascular
Biology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Ku Leuven,
Leuven, Belgium
Background: Genome-wide association studies for platelet function
and cardiovascular disease repeatedly identified polymorphisms linked
to Platelet endothelium aggregation receptor 1 (PEAR1), an orphan
cell surface receptor involved in stabilizing platelet aggregates.
Aims: We sought to identify the extracellular ligand(s) of PEAR1.
Methods: We created a protein microarray representing the secretome
and receptor repertoire of the human platelet.
Results: One hundred and seventy-three Recombinant proteins were
expressed. Using an avid soluble recombinant PEAR1 protein and a
systematic screening assay designed to detect extracellular interactions,
we identified the high-affinity IgE-binding subunit FceR1a, as a
PEAR1 ligand. FceR1a and PEAR1 interacted with a strong affinity
(KD~30 nM). Pre-complexing FceR1a with IgE potently inhibited the
FceR1a-PEAR1 interaction. Oligomerised FceR1a potentiated platelet aggregation and led to PEAR1-phosphorylation, an effect that was
inhibited by IgE. This (shows how a protein microarray resource can
be used to gain important insight into the function of platelet receptors, and) provides a mechanistic basis for the initiation of PEAR1 signaling in aggregation. The identification of FceR1a as an activating
ligand for PEAR1 and the finding that IgE can inhibit this interaction
suggests a link between IgE and platelet function. The in vivo reduction
of circulating IgE by a clinical anti-IgE monoclonal antibody omalizumab, preventing IgE binding to FceR1a, showed that omalizumab
can relieve IgE-mediated inhibition of the FceR1a-PEAR1 interaction
and may provide an explanation for the increased risk of cardiovascular disease associated with omalizumab use.
Conclusion: We developed a platelet protein microarray resource to
gain new insights into the function of platelet receptors. We identified,
the FceR1a-PEAR1 interaction and its regulation by endogenous IgE,
which provides a mechanism to explain previously under-appreciated
interactions between allergy and cardiovascular disease.
OR419
Characterization of a novel integrin binding protein
that is essential for alphaIIbbeta3 outside-in signaling
and hemostasis
Xiang B1, Zhang G1, Ye S1, Huang C1, Liu J2, Tao M3, Ruan C4,
Smyth S1, Whiteheart S1 and Li Z1
1
University of Kentucy, Lexington; 2Mayo Clinic in Arizona,
Scottsdale, USA; 3The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow
University; 4Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Suzhou, China
Background: Integrins are heterodimeric (a/b) membrane proteins that
play fundamental roles in many biological processes, e.g. cell adhesion
and spreading, which are important for platelet function and hemostasis. Integrin function is modulated by bi-directional transmembrane
signaling: inside-out and outside-in, which is mediated through the
interactions between integrin cytoplasmic tails and intracellular, regulatory proteins.
Aims: To identify novel integrin binding proteins and gain insights into
aIIbb3 function.
Methods: Mass spectrometry, GST-Pull down assay, confocal microscopy, and co-immunoprecipitation were used for searching and con-
firming the integrin binding proteins. Recombinant integrin activation

model in CHO cells and megakaryocyte- and platelet-specific conditional knockout mice were used to investigate the function of the integrin binding proteins.
Results: We identified VPS33B, a member of the Sec1/Munc18 (SM)
family and component of the CORVET/HOPS sorting complexes, as a
direct binding protein of the integrin b subunits. We show that overexpression of VPS33B in CHO cells potentiated aIIbb3 outside-in signaling but not inside-out signaling. Platelets, from megakaryocyte- and
platelet-specific VPS33B conditional knockout mice we generated, had
normal morphology yet their spreading on fibrinogen was impaired
and they failed to support clot retraction. Platelet aggregation and
ATP secretion in response to low-dose thrombin were reduced in the
VPS33B knockout mice. aIIbb3-mediated endocytosis of fibrinogen
was also defective. Tail bleeding times were prolonged in the VPS33B
knockout mice. Furthermore, VPS33B acted upstream of the RhoAROCK-MLC and Rac1 dependent pathways that leads to clot retraction and cell spreading, respectively.
Conclusion: Our work demonstrates that VPS33B plays an important
role in hemostasis and that vesicular trafficking complexes are a novel
class of modifiers of integrin function.
OR420
GPVI interaction with polymerized fibrin boosts
thrombin generation and thrombus growth
Mangin P1,2,3, Mammadova-Bach E1,2,3, Dumont B4,5,6,
Loyau S4,5,6, Gachet C1,2,3, Ollivier V4,5,6 and JandrotPerrus M4,5,6
1
Universit
e de Strasbourg; 2F
ed
eration de M
edecine
Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS); 3UMR_S949, Inserm,
Universit
e de Strasbourg, Etablissement Francais du Sang-Alsace
e
(EFS-Alsace), Strasbourg; 4UMR_S1148, Inserm; 5Universit
Paris-Diderot; 6CHU Bichat, Paris, France
Background: Fibrin, the end product of the coagulation cascade, consolidates the platelet plug at site of vascular injury. Polymerized fibrin
supports platelet adhesion and aggregation through integrin aIIbb3,
GPIb in the presence of thrombin, and additional yet unknown platelet receptor(s).
Aims: To evaluate whether glycoprotein VI (GPVI) could be a functional fibrin receptor.
Methods: Thrombin generation was measured using a calibrated automated thrombogram. GPVI was blocked using the Fab of the monoclonal antibody 9O12. GPVI binding to fibrin was measured in vitro
using recombinant soluble GPVI (GPVI-Fc). Flow based adhesion
assays were performed in capillary chambers coated with polymerized
fibrin.
Results: Thrombin generation triggered by tissue factor, kaolin or low
doses of thrombin was impaired in the PRP of GPVI-deficient patients
or Fab 9O12-treated PRP. In a purified system, fibrinogen dose-dependently increased the thrombin peak, with a blunting effect of Fab
9O12. Blocking fibrin polymerization with GPRP reduced the thrombin peak in normal PRP, but not in Fab 9O12-treated PRP and the
PRP of GPVI-deficient patients. Binding assays showed a dose-dependent and specific (blocked by the Fab 9O12) binding of GPVI-Fc to
fibrin polymers. Platelets adhered to polymerized fibrin resulting in
platelet shape change and exposure of phosphatidylserine. Platelet
adhesion to a fibrin network was reduced with Fab 9O12 or when
GPVI was deficient at both low (300 s1) and high (1500 s1) wall
shear rates. Fibrin interaction with GPVI and aIIbb3 were not mutually exclusive. Finally when hirudinated blood was perfused at a shear
rate of 1500 s1 onto preformed fibrin-rich clots, the Fab 9O12
decreased the recruitment of platelets by up to 93%.
ABSTRACTS
Conclusion: Here we show for the first time that GPVI acts as a platelet
receptor for polymerized fibrin with two major functions: GPVI interaction with polymerized fibrin triggers (i) a new loop amplifying
thrombin generation and (ii) platelet recruitment at the clot surface.
Regulation of coagulation and

fibrinolysis
OR421
Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 partially protects
mice against cardiac fibrosis by inhibiting urokinasetype plasminogen activator-mediated plasminogen
activation
Gupta KK1, Donahue DL1, Sandoval-Cooper MJ1, Emge DJ1,
Castellino FJ1,2 and Ploplis VA1,2
1
W. M. Keck Center for Transgene Research; 2Department of
Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre
Dame, USA
Background: Cardiac fibrosis, a stiffening of the cardiac tissue with
resultant diminishment of heart function, leads to a variety of heart
diseases. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is known to protect mice against cardiac fibrosis. It is speculated that PAI-1 may regulate cardiac fibrosis by inactivating urokinase-type plasminogen
activator (uPA) and ultimately plasmin (Pm) generation. However, the
in vivo role of PAI-1 in inactivating uPA and limiting the generation of
Pm during cardiac fibrosis remains to be established.
Aims: To test the hypothesis that cardiac fibrosis phenotypes observed
in PAI-1/ mice will be alleviated in the absence of either uPA or
active Pm.
Methods: An Angiotensin(Ang)II-Aldosterone(Ald)-induced model of
cardiac fibrosis was utilized in wild-type (WT), PAI-1 deficient (PAI1/), uPA deficient (uPA/), PAI-1 and uPA deficient (PAI-1//
uPA/), PgS743A/S743A (a mouse line that expresses inactive plasmin but
normal levels of zymogen plasminogen), and PAI-1//PgS743A/S743A
mice. qRT-PCR and immunohistochemical analysis were used to determine the inflammation and cardiac fibrotic severity in heart tissues.
Results: Four weeks after AngII-Ald infusion, PAI-1/ mice developed severe cardiac fibrosis. However, a marked reduction in cardiac
fibrosis was observed in PAI-1//uPA/ double knockout mice that
was associated with reduced inflammation, lower expression levels of
TGF-b and proteases associated with tissue remodeling, and diminished Smad2 signaling. Moreover, similar ablation in cardiac fibrosis
was seen in PAI-1//PgS743A/S743A mice.
Conclusion: The present work provides in vivo evidence that the mechanism underlying PAI-1s cardioprotective effects is associated, at least
in part, by inhibiting the uPA-mediated activation of Pg. These observations also provide new insights into the mechanisms of cardiac fibrosis and will serve to identify new therapeutic approaches toward
regulating this disease.
OR422
Protective role of Protease Nexin-1 against lung
fibrosis in bleomycin-treated mice
Francois D, Bouton M-C, Venisse L, Jandrot-Perrus M and
Arocas V
Inserm U1148 LVTS, Paris Cedex 18, France
Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a devastating form
of interstitial lung disease associated with an accumulation of extracel 2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997
257
lular matrix deposition in lungs. Dysregulation of both coagulation

and fibrinolysis systems is known to be involved in the development of
IPF.
Aims: Since a tissue serpin, named serpinE2 or Protease Nexin-1 (PN1), exhibits both anticoagulant and antifibrinolytic properties and has
recently been shown to be overexpressed in lungs during IPF, we
examined the role of PN-1 in the development of IPF.
Methods: We compared bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis on the survival of Wild-Type (WT) and PN-1-deficient mice (KO). Collagen content was analyzed in lung tissue sections by Massons trichrome and
Picro-red Sirius staining, as well as in snap-frozen lung tissue using the
Sircol collagen assay. Collagen I and III and fibronectin were quantified by qRT-PCR and immunoblotting. Pro-inflammatory and profibrotic cytokines were measured by ELISA in the bronchoalveolar lavages of the mice.
Results: After bleomycin treatment, PN-1-KO mice displayed a higher
mortality rate than WT mice. PN-1 deficiency exacerbates bleomycininduced lung overexpression of collagen type I and III and fibronectin
at both messenger and protein levels. In addition, the aggravation of
bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis associated with PN-1-deficiency was
accompanied by significant increases in inflammatory cell recruitment
and in pro-inflammatory (IL-2 and IL-6) and pro-fibrotic (IL-4) cytokine levels, in their bronchoalveolar lavage fluids. Because PN-1 is the
most potent tissue inhibitor of thrombin, the direct thrombin inhibitor
argatroban was administered to the mice and led to a significant
improvement of the survival of PN-1-KO mice treated with bleomycin.
Conclusion: The presence of PN-1 in lungs plays a protective role indicating that PN-1 regulates the extent of pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting thrombin pleiotropic cellular functions.
OR423
An anti-staphylocoagulase monoclonal antibody
inhibits prothrombin activation and prolongs survival
in mice following Staphylococcus aureus infection
Begins K1, Church W1, Maddur A2, Panizzi P3 and Bock P2
1
Green Mountain Antibodies, Burlington; 2Pathology,
Microbiology, Immunology, Vanderbilt University,
Nashville3Drug Discovery and Development, Auburn University,
Auburn, USA
Background: Prothrombin and fibrinogen play important roles in pathogenesis of certain bacterial infections. Controlling host coagulation
might represent a new strategy for fighting infectious diseases. Staphylocoagulase (SC), a protein secreted by the human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus, activates prothrombin by insertion of the N-terminal
Ile1-Val2 residues of SC and formation of a salt bridge with Asp194
(chymotrypsinogen numbering) of prothrombin. This induces formation of the substrate binding site and the oxyanion hole required for
catalysis and fibrinogen cleavage. This activation mechanism is significantly different than prothrombinase activation of prothrombin which
results in proteolytic cleavage of the zymogen.
Aims: In the current study, we tested the hypothesis that blocking SC
activation of prothrombin could have therapeutic value for treatment
of coagulase positive S. aureus infections.
Methods: We produced a murine monoclonal antibody (GMA-2105)
directed against a peptide representing SC(110).
Results: Both full-length and Fab fragments of GMA-2105, inhibited
S. aureus plasma clotting, blotted native staphylocoagulase from cultures, and bound with nM affinity to recombinant SC(1246). In a
lethal sepsis murine model, GMA-2105 prolonged survival over control groups (buffer or isotype-matched irrelevant antibody) following
injection with coagulase- positive S. aureus strain Tager 104. The
recombinant chimeric antibody, consisting of murine variable and
258
ABSTRACTS
human constant regions, bound with indistinguishable affinity to SC

(1246) as the murine antibody measured by direct binding and inhibition of prothrombin activation assays.
Conclusion: Using an antibody to block the ability of S. aureus to form
fibrin could produce an important chink in the armor of this deadly
and widespread pathogen. This approach represents a new way to
combat dangerous S. aureus infections by eliminating this pathogens
ability to harness prothrombin activation.
Disclosure of Interest: K. Begins Employee of: Green Mountain Antibodies, W. Church Shareholder of: Green Mountain Antibodies,
Employee of: Green Mountain Antibodies, A. Maddur: None
declared, P. Panizzi: None declared, P. Bock: None declared.
OR424
Protein disulfide isomerase released during thrombus
formation cleaves a disulfide bond in plasma
vitronectin and enables its binding to alphavbeta3
integrin
Bowley SR, Furie BC and Furie B
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical
School, Boston, USA
Background: Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) catalyzes formation
and isomerization of protein disulfide bonds. It is secreted by platelets
and endothelial cells following vascular injury and is required for
thrombus formation. However, the mechanism by which PDI participates in thrombus generation is unknown. We hypothesize that PDI
plays a novel role in triggering the activation of critical components
required for thrombus formation by modification of disulfide bonds in
substrate proteins that leads to functional change.
Aims: Here, we identify PDI substrates in plasma and determine the
functional significance of PDI-catalyzed changes in the covalent structure of these substrate proteins.
Methods: Mechanism-based kinetic trapping was used to identify substrate proteins targeted by PDI reductase activity. We used active site
mutants of PDI that can form stable mixed disulfide complexes with
their substrates then employed mass spectrometry, two dimensional
SDS electrophoresis and Western blotting to identify PDI substrates
from plasma.
Results: We demonstrate that PDI has numerous reductase substrates
including vitronectin. Plasma derived- but not platelet vitronectin is a
substrate for PDI. ERp57, a close homolog of PDI, does not reduce
plasma vitronectin. Maleimide pegylation and gel shift assay show
PDI reduces a single disulfide bond on plasma vitronectin. We demonstrate by solid phase and cellular assays that plasma vitronectin
reduced by PDI binds to its receptor, aVb3 integrin, whereas native
plasma vitronectin does not.
Conclusion: Extracellular PDI triggers the reduction of an inert form
of vitronectin, leading to complex formation with avb3 and subsequent
assembly of additional vitronectin-binding proteins including antithrombin III and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. We propose that
PDI-catalyzed reduction is a general mechanism targeting multiple
proteins involved in thrombus formation for the rapid regulation of
the initiation of hemostasis.
OR425
Identification of alpha-1 proteinase inhibitor variants
with enhanced specificity for activated factor XI over
thrombin via combined phage display and bacterial
lysate screening
Bhakta V1 and Sheffield W1,2
1
Centre for Innovation, Canadian Blood Services; 2Pathology and
Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
Background: Alpha-1 proteinase inhibitor (API) is the most abundant
serpin in plasma. API variant M358R [P1 site of the reactive centre
loop (RCL)] inhibits factor XIa (FXIa) and thrombin, unlike wildtype API. The relationship between RCL structure and serpin target
protease specificity remains incompletely understood.
Aims: To identify API M358R variants reacting more rapidly with
FXI than with thrombin.
Methods: A library of API M358R variants randomized at residues
352356 (P7-P3) was constructed in T7 bacteriophage, fused to the 30
end of the capsid 10B gene. 109 plaque-forming units were screened
with 0.5 nM FXIa, and then captured using biotinylated anti-FXIa
IgG and streptavidin-coated magnetic beads. E. coli BLT 5403 was
directly infected with bead-captured phage. After 5 rounds of such biopanning, the RCL inserts of FXIa-selected phage were plaque-purified
and sequenced, or transferred en masse to plasmid pBAD-API for soluble bacterial expression. After lysis, API binding to immobilized
FXIa or thrombin was quantified via ELISA. Selected purified variants were characterized kinetically.
Results: Of 41 quintuply-selected phage, 13 encoded QSIIS and 7
CLEVE. Of 16 bacterial colonies, 5 encoded CLEVE and 2 QSIIS.
Both variants bound FXIa more avidly than thrombin in lysate capture assays. The second order rate constants (k2) of FXIa inhibition of
CLEVE, QSIIS and wild-type (FLEAI) API M358R variants were:
8.57 1.3 9 104; 2.01 0.35 9 105; and 1.92 0.14 9 105 M1 s1
(n = 11 SD). For thrombin, k2 values were: 3.3 0.1 9 103;
1.00 0.15 9 105; and 1.60 0.78 9 105 M1 s1 (n = 57).
CLEVE and QSIIS variants reacted 22- and 1.7-fold more rapidly with
FXIa than thrombin.
Conclusion: Combining phage display of API libraries with coagulation factor-specific capture assays identified API M358R (P7-P3
CLEVE), with markedly enhanced specificity for FXIa. Further
increases in specificity of API variants for FXIa over thrombin could
be achieved by incorporating negative selection steps.
Blood coagulation tests II

OR426
Analysis of factor XIa, factor IXa and tissue factor
activity in burn patients
Butenas S1, Jo DY2, Moffatt LT2 and Shupp JW2
1
2
MedStar Washington Hospital Center, MedStar Health Research
Institute, Washington, DC, USA
Background: An elevated procoagulant activity has been observed in
trauma patients. In part, this increased activity is related to tissue factor (TF) located on blood cells and microparticles. However, quantitated levels of TF in trauma patient plasma indicate that there are
other contributor(s) to the procoagulant activity. We hypothesize that
factor (F)XIa and FIXa are responsible for an additional activity in
burn patients.
Aims: To analyze plasma from burn patients for the presence of FXIa,
FIXa and TF and quantitate their concentrations.
Methods: Multiple time-point citrate plasma samples from 56 burn
patients (total number of samples analyzed was 463; up to 20 time 2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997
ABSTRACTS
point samples per patient collected in 3 weeks after admission) were
evaluated in a thrombin generation assay using anti-FXIa, FIXa and
TF monoclonal inhibitory antibodies.
Results: Most patients were male (43/56). The age of patients varied
between 18 and 77 years (median 37 years) and 8 patients did not survive their injuries. At the time of admission, 9 patients (16%) had
active TF, 54 (96%) had FXIa and 49 (87%) had FIXa in their
plasma. Twenty-four patients (43%) without TF activity at the 0 timepoint developed that activity in following days. As for FXIa and
FIXa, 100% of patients had FXIa and 96% had FIXa at one or more
time-points. Overall, TF activity was observed in 97 (21%), FXIa in
417 (90%) and FIXa in 245 (53%) plasma samples. The concentration
of TF was relatively low and varied between 0.1 and 2.1 pM, whereas
that of FXIa was significantly higher and in some plasma samples
exceeded 100 pM. The majority of samples with FIXa activity had that
protein at sub-nanomolar concentrations. No TF, FXIa and FIXa
activity was detected in plasma from healthy individuals.
Conclusion: The majority of plasma samples from burn patients have
detectable FXIa and FIXa activity, with significant fraction of them
having active TF as well. The concentration of all three proteins in
patient plasma varies in a wide range.
OR427
The whole blood thrombin generation test predicts
bleeding risk in patients taking vitamin K antagonists
Bloemen S1,2, ten Cate-Hoek A3, ten Cate H3 and de Laat B1,2
1
Department of Biochemistry; 2Synapse BV; 3Department of
Internal Medicine, Carim, Maastricht, The Netherlands
Background: Vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) have been the mainstay
of oral anticoagulant treatment for the past 60 years. Bleeding is the
most prevalent adverse effect of this therapy, with 14% of patients
subject to major bleeding episodes. Up to this point no laboratory
assays are available to predict patients at increased risk for bleeding.
Aims: We investigated whether thrombin generation (TG) tests might
detect bleeding risk in patients taking VKAs.
Methods: This prospective study included 129 patients taking VKAs
for over 3 months before blood collection and who signed informed
consent. TG was determined in whole blood (WB), platelet rich and
platelet poor plasma. Hematocrit (Hct) and hemoglobin (Hgb) concentration were determined. The International Normalized Ratio
(INR) was defined and fibrinogen levels were measured (Clauss
method).
Results: Forty four clinically relevant bleeding episodes were seen in 26
patients (20%), mean follow-up after blood collection: 15.5 months.
No differences were found in endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) or
peak height in plasma, nor did INR values differ. Interestingly, implementing TG in WB we did find a significantly lower ETP (P < 0.01)
and peak (P < 0.05) in patients with bleeding (median: 183 nM min
and 24 nM, respectively) compared to patients without bleeding (median: 256 nM min and 39 nM). The area under the curve (AUC) of the
Receiver Operating Curve (ROC) indicated that the ETP (AUC: 0.70)
and peak (AUC: 0.64) were significantly (P < 0.05) associated with a
bleeding tendency. We assessed whether these differences were associated with age, Hct, Hgb or fibrinogen levels, but these parameters did
not vary significantly between the two groups.
Conclusion: WB-TG is associated with an increased risk for bleeding in
patients on VKA treatment and has a predictive value (based on AUC
of ROC). INR and plasma-TG did not discriminate for bleeding risk.
There were no significant differences in age, Hct, Hgb or fibrinogen
levels that explained the difference in bleeding risk.
259
OR428
Comparative in vitro evaluation of thrombin
generation assay (TGA) after spiking fresh frozen
plasma (FFP) or prothrombin complex concentrate
(PCC) to samples from patients undergoing orthotopic
liver transplantation (OLT)
E3 and Gruel Y2
Perin M1, Ardillon L2, Delahousse B2, Salame
2
1
Anaesthesiology; Haematology Haemostasis; 3Digestive
Surgery and Liver Transplantation, University Hospital, Tours,
France
Background: The haemostatic management of patients during OLT is
not well defined. Despite some discrepancies between the bleeding risk
and results of standard coagulation assays, fresh frozen plasma (FFP)
is often transfused to correct observed biological anomalies. However,
this practice remains controversial, and infusion of prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) has recently been proposed.
Aims: In this context, the aim of this preliminary study was to comparatively evaluate the in vitro effects of PCC and FFP on thrombin generation assays (TGA) performed on plasma samples collected during
OLT.
Methods: Ten patients, 7H/3F, mean age 62 years, Child-Pugh score
min-max 813, prothrombin time (PT) minmax 3262%, were
included. Blood samples were taken before incision (P1), at the end of
hepatectomy (P2), before portal unclamping (P3) and 30 min after
reperfusion (P4). TGA (CAT-method FT 5 pm PLP 4 lM) were performed on platelet-poor plasmas before and after addition of FFP
(5 mL kg1) or PCC (12.5 UI kg1 or 25 UI kg1). Results obtained
were compared with those of healthy subjects (n = 29; 22H/7F) (Mann
and Withney test) and for each sample tested, before and after spiking
with FFP or PCC (Wilcoxon test).
Results: TGA parameters at P1 were similar in patients and controls:
ETP (minmax) = 9391584 nM*min vs. 10401914 nM*min in controls (P = 0.24) and did not vary at P2 and P3. However at P4, ETP
significantly decreased: minmax = 6781222 nM*min (P < 0.0001)
and was not corrected by the addition of FFP. In contrast, the lowest
dose of PCC induced a significant increase of ETP at P4: min
max = 12342587 nM*min (P = 0.002), Importantly, PCC also
induced a marked hypercoagulability when added to plasma collecetd
at P1: ETP (minmax) = 19203083 nM*min P = 0.002.
Conclusion: The failure of FFP to correct ETP in vitro argues for a
non-systematic use of this product during OLT. In contrast, the use of
PCC could be considered at the moment of reperfusion but not earlier
because of a potential thrombotic risk.
OR429
Effects of apixaban on PT and APTT as determined
with a full range of reagents: results of a UK NEQAS
exercise
Kitchen S1, Jennings I1, Lowe A2, Kitchen D1, Woods T1 and
Walker I1
1
UK NEQAS Blood Coagulation; 2Coagulation Deptartment,
Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK
Background: PT and APTT reagents vary in their sensitivity to apixaban. Guidelines recommend that laboratories should be aware of the
sensitivity of their coagulation screening tests to the presence of apixaban. Data are needed on the full range of PT/APTT reagents in routine use.
Aims: To assess the effects of a range of apixaban concentrations
within and above the expected clinical range on prothrombin time
(PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) as determined
260
ABSTRACTS
by all reagents in use by participants in UK NEQAS Blood coagulation.

Methods: The same pooled normal plasma was spiked with 0, 33,
164,398 and 737 ng mL1 apixaban (provided by Bristol-Myers
Squibb), lyophilised in 1 mL aliquots, and despatched to PT/APTT
participants in the UK National external Quality Assessment Scheme
(NEQAS) for Blood Coagulation, apixaban concentrations were determined by anti Xa/mass spectrometry. The median ratio of results for
each reagent group was calculated (test/mid point normal range).
Results were received from > 600 centres (~60% UK, 40% non UK).
Results: Twenty different PT and 18 different APTT reagents were
used. The sample containing no apixaban had normal PT and APTT
as expected. PT Results: 33 ng mL1 all reagent medians normal;
164 ng mL1 median PT ratios ranged from 1.08 to 1.46;
398 ng mL1 range 1.152.01; 767 ng mL1 range 1.252.91. Innovin and Thromborel S were the least sensitive reagents. Recombiplastin 2G was the most sensitive. APTT Results: 33 ng mL1 median
ratios ranged from 1.04 to 1.28; 164 ng mL1 range 1.161.43;
398 ng mL1 range 1.261.76; 767 ng mL1 range 1.331.90.
Conclusion: Prolongation of PT and APTT by apixaban concentrations of 398 and 767 ng mL1 varied markedly between reagents. At
164 ng mL1 PT/APTT were normal with Innovin/Actin FS and
showed very minor prolongation with Recombiplastin 2G/Synthasil.
Normal PT and APTT could occur at expected peak levels and interpretation of PT and APTT results in the presence of apixaban must
take account of the reagents used.
OR430
Prothrombotic mechanisms in a setting of perioperative bridging with low molecular weight heparins
in patients undergoing surgery
Eijgenraam PE1, ten Cate H1,2, Henskens Y3, van den Ham R4
and ten Cate-Hoek A1,2
1
Laboratory for Clinical Thrombosis and Haemostasis; 2Internal
Medicine; 3Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Maastricht
University Medical Center, Maastricht; 4Philips Group Innovation
Research, high tech campus Eindhoven, Eindhoven, The
Netherlands
Background: Bridging vitamin K antagonists (VKA) comprises periprocedural substitution by low molecular weight heparins (LMWH),
and is associated with a 3-fold increased bleeding risk.
Aims: To assess the effects of bridging on global and specific coagulation assays in relation to bleeding risk.
Methods: Blood was sampled daily from day 3 to day +5 in 13
patients on chronic VKA who were bridged for a planned intervention. In addition to INR and anti-Xa activity, thrombin generation
(TG) was quantified, with further assessment of resistance to activated
protein C (APC) as well as single clotting factor levels. The study was
ethically approved.
Results: The effect of VKA was absent at the time of intervention
(mean INR 1.0 (SD 0.1, range 0.91.2); the effect of LMWH was still
evident (mean anti-Xa at day 0; 0.19 units mL1 (SD 0.20 mL,
range < 0.050.60); 11/13 participants (84.6%) had residual anti-Xa
levels of 0.05 IU mL1, and 2/13 (15.4%) of > 0.5 IU mL1. In
spite of residual anti-Xa activity, the intervention caused a 23 fold
increase in TG at day 0, sustaining until day +5. Of all factors, FXI
had the strongest correlation with TG (r 0.6 for peak and endogenous thrombin potential). Thrombomodulin induced APC resistance
(reference 50%) increased from 10.0% (SD 9.2) at day 3 and to
18.2% (SD 9.5) at day 0, P = 0.02. After surgery, FVIII and fibrinogen were significantly increased (P < 0.001). Correlations between
INR and TG were moderate (r = 0.4, P = 0.21), and strong between
anti-Xa levels and TG (r = 0.8, P = 0.001). 4/13 patients experienced

a major bleed, and no TE.
Conclusion: In spite of residual anti-Xa activity, there was a marked
increase in TG related to surgery. 3 prothrombotic mechanisms are
exposed: FXI dependent TG, reduced activity of the APC pathway
and postoperative rise in FVIII and fibrinogen. For the complex perioperative hemostasis management the value of TG to monitor the hemostatic balance merits further study.
Fibrinogen and Fibrin II

OR431
Sequencing of FGA, FGB and FGG reveals both novel
and previously described mutations in patients with
congenital fibrinogen deficiencies
Smith N1, Noetzli L1, Adams T1, Minoldo S2, Guglielmone H3,
Manco-Johnson M1 and Paola JD1
1
University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, USA; 2Department of
Hematology, Sanatorium Allende; 3Department of Clinical
rdoba, Co
rdoba,
Biochemistry, National University of Co
Argentina
Background: Fibrinogen plays a critical role in the formation of the
final hemostatic clot. Mutations in three genes (FGA, FGB, FGG)
located continuously on chromosome 4q23 can lead to qualitative or
quantitative fibrinogen deficiencies. Intriguingly, the phenotype of
fibrinogen defects is variable from none to severe and includes symptomatic bleeding, clotting or both.
Aims: We sought to correlate genotype with phenotype in fibrinogen
defects to understand the effect of these mutations on fibrinogen activity and disease.
Methods: Perform Sanger sequencing of the three fibrinogen genes on
genomic DNA from 16 patients. Bleeding events were defined as excessive mucocutaneous, joint or intracranial bleeding. Clotting events
were defined as arterial or venous thromboembolism.
Results: In 16 patients, we identified 12 fibrinogen mutations: four
novel and eight previously described. Patients were either asymptomatic (N = 7), or had a history of bleeding (N = 4), thromboembolic
events (N = 2), or both (N = 3). Novel mutations identified were Aa
p.Met1Val, Aa p.Trp33Stop, Bb p.Gly272Arg, and c p.Ala289Asp.
The Aa p.Met1Val mutation disrupted the start codon resulting in
undetectable plasma fibrinogen levels and bleeding phenotype. Six
patients with mutations in the C-terminus region of FGG, which has
been proposed to be involved with c dimerization, had decreased functional fibrinogen levels (mean 77 mg dL1) and normal fibrinogen
antigen levels (mean 192 mg dL1), indicating a qualitative defect
[Mosesson MW, 1995]. Interestingly, these mutations (four Bergamo
II mutations [c p.Arg275His] and a novel mutation [two c
p.Ala289Asp]) resulted in variable phenotypes (aymptomatic, bleeding, clotting, or both).
Conclusion: Fibrinogen disorders are difficult to characterize due to
their phenotypic variability. Genetic characterization is essential to
understand the genotype/phenotype correlation. This study will contribute to the characterization of fibrinogen mutations and relationship to fibrinogen laboratory and clinical phenotypes.
ABSTRACTS
261
OR432
Hereditary afibrinogenemia long-term observation of
a highly thrombogenic condition and its management
OR433
Elevated fibrinogen but not fibrinogen gamma prime in
abdominal aortic aneurysmal disease
Nagler M1,2,3, Kremer Hovinga JA1,2, Alberio L1,2,4, PeterSalonen K1,2,5, von Tengg-Kobligk H6, Lottaz D2 and
Lammle B1,2,7
1
University Clinic of Haematology and Central Haematology
Laboratory, Inselspital Berne University Hospital; 2Department of
Clinical Research, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland;
3
Laboratory of Clinical Thrombosis and Haemostasis, and
Cardiovascular Research Institute, Maastricht University Medical
Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands; 4Haematology Service and
Central Laboratory, University Hospital of Lausanne CHUV,
Lausanne; 5Swiss Medical Assessment- and Business-Center
(SMAB) AG; 6Institute for Diagnostic, Interventional and
Pediatric Radiology, Inselspital University Hospital, Berne,
Switzerland; 7Center for Thrombosis and Haemostasis, University
Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
Macrae F1, Thomas T1, Johnson A1,2, Bridge K1,2, Philippou H1,
Scott DJ1,2 and Ariens R1
1
Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research LIGHT Labs
Leeds, University of Leeds; 2Leeds Vascular Insitute, Leeds
General Infirmary, Leeds, UK
Background: The high risk of arterial and venous thromboembolism in

patients with hereditary afibrinogenemia (HA) is neither understood,
nor is a safe and effective treatment established.
Aims: To report on long-term data of five HA patients with severe
thromboembolic complications, possibly due to lacking anti-thrombin
activity of fibrinogen (fbg)/fibrin.
Methods: Five patients were followed for 1054 years.
Results: HA was diagnosed in two brothers, their two cousins and one
unrelated female patient by plasma fbg determination. Levels of Ddimers were below 45 lg L1. A homozygous 11 kb deletion in the
FGA gene was detected in all patients, who had recurrent bleeding
complications and were treated with fbg concentrates every 46 weeks.
Four patients developed recurrent and extensive arterial and venous
thromboembolism, beginning at ages of 2538 years. In case of acute
thrombotic events, thrombin-antithrombin levels (TAT) were elevated
above 60 lg L1. In two patients, treatment was initiated to achieve
constant fbg trough levels of 0.5 g L1. It consisted of regular fbg
replacement in one patient (12 g two or three times a week) and
orthotopic liver transplantation performed in another patient. Fbg
trough levels rose to 0.5 g L1. Two to four hours after fbg replacement, D-dimer levels increased to 100200 lg L1, TAT decreased to
values between 5 and 15 lg L1. Radiological imaging documented
resolved arterial thrombi after 612 months. No new thromboembolic
events were observed for 79 years since initiating regular fbg replacement or liver transplantation, respectively.
Conclusion: Regular fbg replacement therapy or orthotopic liver transplantation seemed to effectively scavenge thrombin, generated during
acute phase reactions in vivo and reduced the high risk of thromboembolic complications. Our data suggest regular fbg replacement therapy
resulting in permanently measurable fbg levels to be a safe and effective treatment option in patients with HA and thromboembolic complications.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Nagler Grant/Research Support from: CSL
Behring, J. Kremer Hovinga Grant/Research Support from: Baxter
Bioscience, L. Alberio: None declared, K. Peter-Salonen: None
declared, H. von Tengg-Kobligk: None declared, D. Lottaz: None
declared, B. L
ammle Grant/Research Support from: Baxter Bioscience.
Background: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) represents a chronic

inflammatory disease with lethal implications. Elevated plasma fibrinogen concentrations associate with elevated risk of thrombosis, and in
a small study of 110 patients were found to be higher in AAA. A fraction of fibrinogen called the c0 chain differs from the cA chain due to a
unique 20-amino acid extension at its C-terminus. The c0 chain has
been shown to influence clot structure, causing thinner fibres,
increased branching and smaller pores.
Aims: Investigate levels of fibrinogen and fibrinogen c in AAA
patients and controls.
Methods: Six hundred and nine AAA patients and 559 age and sex
matched controls were recruited in the Leeds Aneurysm Development
Study (LEADS). Plasma fibrinogen levels were measured using the Fibri-prest automate assay (based on the Clauss method) and fibrinogen
c was measured by ELISA using an antibody specific to human fibrinogen c (2.G2.H9, Santa Cruz). Other clinical data was recorded for
each patient. Results are expressed as median (IQR).
Results: Fibrinogen levels were higher in patients than controls
(3.68 g L1 (3.184.31) vs. 3.50 g L1 (3.094.08), P = 0.001). There
was no difference in y levels between patients and controls
(334.53 lg mL1 (212.16508.02) vs. 331.00 lg mL1 (211.28510.54)
P = 0.747). There was a lower percentage of y in patients compared
with controls but this did not reach significance (9.26% (5.6413.74)
vs. 9.44% (6.0414.89), P = 0.173). y levels were positively correlated
with CO levels (r = 0.149, P = 0.002), homocysteine levels (r = 0.235,
P = 0.024) and negatively correlated with HbA1c (r = 0.124,
P = 0.004).
Conclusion: We found significantly raised levels of fibrinogen in AAA
patients in this large casecontrol study; these likely reflect the underlying inflammatory process associated with AAA. Furthermore, elevated fibrinogen levels in AAA patients may contribute to the
increased cardiovascular risk observed in this group of patients. There
was no association between AAA and fibrinogen c.
OR434
Role of fibrin(ogen) in hepatocyte proliferation after
acetaminophen overdose
Kopec A1, Joshi N2, Towery K1, Cline-Fedewa H1, Flick M3 and
Luyendyk J1
1
Pathobiology & Diagnostic Investigation; 2Pharmacology &
Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI; 3Cancer
and Blood Diseases Institute, Division of Experimental
Hematology & Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Childrens Hospital,
Cincinnati, OH, USA
Background: Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose is the leading cause of
drug-induced acute liver failure in the United States. APAP-induced
hepatotoxicity in humans and mice is associated with activation of
blood coagulation cascade and deposition of polymerized fibrin clots
in the liver.
Aims: Here, we sought to determine whether fibrin(ogen) contributed
to hepatocyte proliferation and liver repair after APAP overdose in
mice.
262
ABSTRACTS
Methods: Mice with genetically-imposed complete fibrin(ogen) deficiency (Fib/) and heterozygous control mice (Fib+/) were given a
hepatotoxic dose of APAP (300 mg kg1, ip) followed by analysis of
liver injury and hepatocyte proliferation at multiple time points.
Results: Hepatocyte proliferation was markedly reduced in APAPchallenged Fib/ mice compared to Fib+/ control mice, which paralleled elevated liver necrosis and hepatocellular damage (i.e., serum
alanine aminotransferase activity) at 48 and 72 h after APAP overdose
suggesting a defect in liver repair. Next, we tested the hypothesis that
fibrin(ogen) promotes hepatocyte proliferation after APAP overdose
through the leukocyte integrin Mac-1/aMb2 binding motif, as emerging
studies suggest macrophages are essential for liver repair. Here, we utilized Fibc390-396A mice, which express a mutant form of fibrin(ogen)
incapable of binding aMb2 integrin. Remarkably, molecular markers
of hepatocyte proliferation were nearly absent in APAP-treated
Fibc390-396A mice compared to APAP-treated wild-type mice, as early
as 24 h after APAP administration.
Conclusion: Overall, the results suggest that hepatic fibrin deposition
and engagement of the leukocyte aMb2 integrin by liver macrophages
is an important molecular trigger of hepatocyte proliferation and liver
repair after experimental APAP overdose.
OR435
Prothrombotic properties of fibrin clots in patients with
non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Potze W1, Siddiqui MS2, Boyett SL2, Adelmeijer J1, Daita K2,
Sanyal AJ2 and Lisman T1
1
Surgery, Umc Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; 2Internal
Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of
Medicine, Richmond, USA
Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most
frequent chronic liver disorder in Western countries, and is associated
with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The mechanisms
underlying this association are incompletely understood, but may
involve hypercoagulable changes. Alterations in fibrin clot structure
have recently been recognized as possible contributors to thrombotic
disease.
Aims: To study the fibrin clot structure in patients with NAFLD.
Methods: Blood was drawn from 68 patients with NAFLD (simple
steatosis n = 24, NASH n = 22, and NASH cirrhosis n = 22), 20 lean
controls, 20 overweight controls (BMI > 25 kg m2), and 15 patients
with alcoholic (ASH) cirrhosis. Clots were generated by mixing citrated plasma with thrombin in presence of calcium. Fibrin pore structure
was evaluated by permeation analyses, in which the flow rate of a buffer through a fibrin clot is measured. Fibrin density was assessed by
calculating the number of fibers/100 lm using confocal microscopy.
Results: Clot permeability was decreased in overweight controls and
patients with NAFLD, indicating more dense clots compared to lean
controls. Clot permeability was also decreased in patients with ASHrelated cirrhosis, although the decrease in permeability in NASHrelated cirrhosis was more extensive. The decreased clot permeability
was only to a limited extent explained by increased fibrinogen plasma
levels, suggesting structural changes in the fibrinogen molecule. Confocal microscopy revealed a stepwise increase in fiber density from lean
controls to overweight controls and patients with simple steatosis to
patients with NASH and NASH cirrhosis. Fiber density was also
increased in patients with ASH-related cirrhosis compared to lean controls.
Conclusion: Our results show decreased fibrin clot permeability and
increased clot density in patients with NAFLD, which may contribute
to their increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
Cancer and thrombosis basic II

OR436
Anti-tumorigenic effects are exerted by exosomes
derived from heparin treated human breast cancer cells
and persist even after heparin treatment has been
discontinued
Chen Y1, Scully M1, Goodwin C1 and Kakkar A1,2
1
Thromobsis Research Institute; 2University College London,
London, UK
Background: Numerous clinical studies have established that heparin
treatment prolongs the survival of cancer patients. In these studies it
was also noted that the beneficial effects persisted long after heparin
treatment had been discontinued. To date, no evidence has been provided to explain this prolongation of the effect of heparin. Exosomes,
stable vesicular structures released by cells are concentrated carriers of
genetic and proteomic information thought to play important roles in
intercellular communication. We hypothesised that exosomes released
from the heparin treated cells could influence cell function even after
heparin had been withdrawn.
Aims: To investigate the role of exosomes in contributing to the antitumorigenic activity of heparin.
Methods: Human breast cancer cells [MCF-7, MDA-MB231 and cancer enriched stem cell (CSCs)] were used. Exosomes were isolated by
ultracentrifugation from culture medium of heparin treated (2 days)
cells and also 2 days later after discontinuation of heparin treatment.
Exosomes from untreated cells were used as controls. The properties
of exosomes were assayed according to the expression profile of mirRNAs and pro-tumorigenic protein. The exosomes from heparin treated
cells were also used to treat different mammary epithelial cells lines
(MECs).
Results: Heparin exerted an anti-tumorigenic effect on exosomes by
modulating a number of miRNAs which is relevant to tumorigenesis
and cell cycle regulation proteins as well as by reduced expression of
pro-tumorigenic proteins in a similar way to our previous reports on
breast cancer cells. Exosomes alone exerted an anti-tumorigenic effect
when added to MECs which persisted after heparin removal, observed
as reduced cell proliferation and modulated the cell cycle profile as well
as 12 cell cycle regulatory proteins.
Conclusion: The anti-tumorigenic of heparin is mediated by exosomes
and able to persist even after heparin treatment has been discontinued.
OR437
Contribution of anti-GRP78 autoantibodies to prostate
cancer progression through tissue factor procoagulant
activity
Al-Hashimi A
Medicine, Mcmaster University, Hamilton, Canada
Background: Prostate cancer (PC) is the most frequently diagnosed
cancer in men. PC can increase the risk of thrombosis due to the
enhanced expression and/or procoagulant activity (PCA) of tissue factor (TF). We now have evidence that TF expression/PCA can be modulated in PC cancer cells by GRP78, an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)resident molecular chaperone. Unlike normal cells, we and others have
made the surprising discovery that GRP78 is expressed on the surface
of many human cancers, including PC, where it functions as a unique
signaling receptor to promote cell proliferation. Furthermore, exposure of GRP78 on the surface of PC cells stimulates the production of
anti-GRP78 autoantibodies (aGRP autoAB) in PC patients and correlate with accelerated cancer progression, enhanced metastatic potential
and reduced survival.
ABSTRACTS
Aims: To investigate the contribution of aGRP autoAB to accelerated
PC progression. To investigate aGRP autoAB as a viable target for
the treatment of advanced PC.
Methods: Wild type/TF knock-down DU145 PC cells were used. Protein expression was determined using western blotting/qRT-PCR. A
NOD/SCID mice were used to investigate the tumour growth model.
TF PCA was determined using the continuous assay. PC patient samples were obtained from the Ontario Tumour Bank and St. Josephs
Hamilton.
Results: Pre-prostatectomy patients demonstrated high levels of aGRP
autoAB, compared to patients 24 weeks post-op. aGRP autoAB upregulate TF PCA through a mechanism involving depletion of ER Ca2+
stores and activate the unfolded protein response (UPR). Further,
these autoantibodies were shown to accelerate tumour growth in the
NOD/SCID mouse model. Finally, we demonstrate that low molecular weight heparins (LMWH) can disrupt the aGRP autoAB binding
to cancer cells and reduce TF PCA.
Conclusion: High levels of aGRP autoAB correlate with cancer stage,
increase TF PCA in vitro, and promote cancer growth in the NOD/
SCID mouse model system. LMWH impairs this interaction and significantly reduces TF PCA on the PC cells.
OR438
Cancer cells BXPC3 and MCF7 differentially reverse
the inhibition of thrombin generation by apixaban,
fondaparinux and enoxaparin
Rousseau A1,2, Van Dreden P3, Elalamy I1,4 and Gerotziafas G1,4
1
INSERM U938, Facult
e de M
edecine Pierre et Marie Curie,
Universite Paris VI, Paris; 2Diagnostica Stago, Gennevilliers,
France; 3Clinical Research, Diagnostica Stago, Gennevilliers;
4
Haematology, Tenon University Hospital, Paris, France
Background: Cancer cells may alter the efficiency of the antithrombotic
agents.
Aims: To explore this possibility, we studied the influence of pancreas
adenocarcinoma cells (BXPC3) and human breast carcinoma cells
(MCF7) on the antithrombotic efficiency of apixaban, fondaparinux
and enoxaparin.
Methods: Samples of platelet poor (PPP) or platelet rich plasma (PRP)
spiked with apixaban, fondaparinux or enoxaparin were added in
micro wells carrying cancer cells and assessed for thrombin generation.
In the control experiment thrombin generation was triggered with tissue factor reagent.
Results: The three antithrombotics inhibited thrombin generation in a
concentration dependent manner. The BXPC3 and MCF7 cells
reversed in a different intensity the effect of the studied agents.
According to the histological type of the cancer the antithrombotic
efficiency of apixaban was preserved or partially reversed. Fondaparinux, was more vulnerable to the presence of cancer cells as compared
to apixaban. The effect of BXCP3 or MCF7 cells on the antithrombotic potency of enoxaparin was of similar magnitude as that on apixaban.
Conclusion: The type of cancer cells is determinant for the antithrombotic efficiency of the specific factor Xa inhibitors. In contrast it does
not significantly influence the potency of enoxaparin. The present
study shows that the impact of the type of cancer cells on the antithrombotic activity of the specific Xa inhibitors should not be
neglected. This has to be taken into consideration for the design of
dose-finding studies of the direct orally active FXa inhibitors in
patients with different histological types of cancer.
263
OR439
Inhibition of microparticle induced tumor cell
migration by LMWH tinzaparin
Gieseler F, Gamperl H, Plattfaut C, Theophil R and Quecke T
Experimental Oncology, University Hospital and Medical School,
beck, Germany
Lu
Background: Recent meta-analyses have shown that the survival benefit in cancer treatment studies is marginally in favor of an additional
LMWH treatment. However, some excellent clinical studies found a
clear and highly significant survival benefit. These divergent results
indicate a functional difference of tumor cell biology between the
patients. Retrospective analyses indicate that additional LMWH treatment improves outcome in non-metastatic stages, cancers with lower
proliferation and cancers responsive to chemotherapy.
The active formation of tissue factor-bearing microparticles (TFMPs)
is one cause of the systemic activation of the coagulation system in
cancer patients. TFMPs in turn can affect the biological behavior of
tumor cells by activating the PAR2/MAP kinase pathway via the TF/
FVIIa/FXa complex.
Aims: We present evidence that tinzaparin, a LMWH with particularly
high TFPI-releasing potency, is able to interrupt this fatal chain of
action.
Methods: We used malignant effusions from three cancer patients
(colorectal, breast, NSCL cancer) as a source for TFMPs and the
migration of human pancreas carcinoma cells as a surrogate parameter
for their metastatic potency.
Results: (1) Centrifuged cell-free effusions significantly promote tumor
cell migration, (2) tinzaparin significantly inhibits this effect, (3) effusions contain high amounts of TFMPs, (4) TF activity of TFMPs is
inhibited by TFPI, (5) tinzaparin induces TFPI release from tumor
cells, (6) rTFPI inhibits effusion-induced tumor cell migration, (7)
PAR2 inhibitor and ERK inhibitor suppress effusion-induced tumor
cell migration.
Conclusion: We present a possible molecular explanation for the survival benefit observed in some clinical cancer studies with LMWHs.
We used cellfree centrifuged malignant effusions as a source for microparticles, which excludes e.g. endothelial P-selectin as a target of heparin action. TFMPs might be a surrogate parameter for clinical studies
investigating a possible survival benefit of LMWHs.
OR440
Novel regulation of TFPI expression by oestrogens in
breast cancer cells through micrornas
Ali HO1,2,3, Arroyo AB4, Conejero RG4, Stavik B1,3, Iversen N5,
Sandset PM1,2,3, Martnez C4 and Skretting G1,3
1
Deptartment of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital;
2
Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo; 3Research
Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo,
edica, Hospital
Norway; 4Servicio de Hematologa y Oncologa M
Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de
n, IMIB-Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Murcia,
Hemodonacio
Spain; 5Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University
Hospital, Oslo, Norway
Background: Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) has been linked
with breast cancer pathogenesis. We have recently reported TFPI
mRNA levels to be downregulated by oestrogens in a breast cancer cell
line (MCF7) through the oestrogen receptor a (ERa). Accumulating
evidence indicates that activation of ERa signalling by oestrogens may
modulate the expression of target genes indirectly through microRNAs (miRNAs).
264
ABSTRACTS
Aims: To examine if miRNAs are involved in the oestrogenic regulation of TFPI.

Methods: Computational analysis of TFPI (NM_006287) 30 untranslated region (UTR) identified conserved binding sites for miR-27a/b
and miR-494. Transient miR-27a/b and miR-494 overexpression or
inhibition was achieved by mimic or inhibitor transfection, respectively. Direct targeting of TFPI 30 UTR by miR-27a/b and miR-494
was determined by a luciferase reporter assay in human colon cancer
cell line deficient for Dicer (DKO). Effect of 1100 nM 17a-ethinylestradiol (EE2) and 1 lM fulvestrant (ICI 182,780), an ERa antagonist,
on relative miR-27a/b and miR-494 levels in breast cancer cells
(MCF7) were determined by qRT-PCR.
Results: Oestrogens lead to a significant upregulation of relative miR27a/b and miR-494 levels in MCF7 cells following treatment with EE2
and this was successfully counteracted by fulvestrant. TFPI mRNA
levels were significantly downregulated or upregulated by miR-27a/b
and miR-494 mimics and inhibitors, respectively. Preliminary data
indicate impaired oestrogen mediated downregulation of TFPI in antimiR-27a/b and anti-miR-494 transfected cells prior to addition of oestrogens. Luciferase experiments showed direct targeting of miR-27a/b
on TFPI mRNA in DKO cells.
Conclusion: Our results strongly suggest a role of miR-27a/b and miR494 in modulating TFPI expression and their possible involvement in
oestrogenic regulation of TFPI. Studies on the clinical relevance of
miR-27a/b and miR-494 involvement in the oestrogenic regulation of
TFPI are in progress.
Fibrinolytic system II
OR441
Thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI)
peptides selectively modulate TAFI activation by
thrombin or the thrombin-thrombomodulin complex
Plug T1, Marquart A2, Marx P1 and Meijers J1
1
Academic Medical Center; 2Sanquin, Amsterdam, The
Netherlands
Background: Thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) is a
risk factor for coronary heart disease. TAFI is proteolytically activated by thrombin, the thrombin-thrombomodulin (T-TM) complex
or plasmin. In normal hemostasis, the activated form protects a blood
clot from premature lysis. Specifically targeting TAFI activation can
therefore be a powerful strategy for the treatment of both thrombosis
and bleeding.
Aims: The aim of this study was to generate TAFI peptides that specifically modulate TAFI activation.
Methods: Thirty-four overlapping peptides, based on the amino acid
sequence of TAFI, were synthesized. The enzyme kinetics were determined to quantify the effects of these peptides on TAFI activation by
thrombin or the T-TM complex.
Results: Four peptides (peptides 2, 18, 19 and 34) inhibited TAFI activation. Peptides 18 (Gly205-Ser221) and 19 (Arg214-Asp232) inhibited
TAFI activation by thrombin and the T-TM complex. Furthermore,
these peptides bound to thrombin, suggesting that Gly205-Asp232 of
TAFI is involved in the interaction with thrombin. Peptides 2 (Arg12Glu28) and 34 (Cys383-Val401) inhibited TAFI activation by the TTM complex with IC50 values of 41.9 9.1 and 6.1 0.9 lM, respectively. However, no inhibition was observed when TAFI was activated
by thrombin in the absence of TM. This suggests that amino acids
Arg12-Glu28 and Cys383-Val401 in TAFI interact with the T-TM
complex. Furthermore, substitution of Trp395 to alanine in peptide 34
led to an almost complete loss of its inhibitory effect, suggesting an
important role for Trp395 in TAFI activation by the T-TM complex.
Conclusion: We generated TAFI-derived peptides that can selectively

modulate TAFI activation by thrombin or T-TM and that can be used
for the design of more potent, specific inhibitors. Furthermore, since
the TM concentration varies throughout the vasculature (i.e. higher in
smaller vessels), such specific inhibitors provide an opportunity to
locally regulate TAFI activation.
OR442
Lysine residues 42, 43, and 44 of thrombin activable
fibrinolysis inhibitor contribute to its activation by the
thrombin-thrombomodulin complex in a cooperative
fashion
Wu C1, Gils A2, Declerck P2, Fredenburgh JC1,3, Weitz JI1,3,4 and
Kim PY1,3
1
Department of Medicine, Mcmaster University, Hamilton,
Canada; 2Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological
Sciences, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium;
3
of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Mcmaster University,
Hamilton, Canada
Background: The thrombin-thrombomodulin (TM) complex activates
thrombin activable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) more efficiently than
thrombin alone. Previously, the TM dependence of TAFI activation
was shown to involve three consecutive Lys residues (K42, K43 and
K44) in its activation peptide domain.
Aims: To determine the individual contribution of K42, K43 and K44
of TAFI to its activation by thrombin-TM.
Methods: Wild-type TAFI and variants with single, double or triple
Lys to Ala mutations in all possible combinations were generated and
their activation by thrombin-TM or thrombin alone were compared as
were their activities in a clot lysis assay performed in TAFI-depleted
plasma.
Results: Replacement of one, two, or three Lys residues with Ala
decreased the catalytic efficiency of TAFI activation by thrombin-TM
by 58%, 68%, and 79%, respectively, with the increase in Km exerting
the greatest overall effect. When activated by thrombin alone, the
TAFI variants had similar activation kinetics. These findings suggest
that the three Lys residues of TAFI contribute to its interaction with
thrombin-TM in a progressive and TM-dependent manner. In the clot
lysis assay, replacement of one, two, or three Lys residues with Ala
increased the TAFI concentration required to reach half-maximal prolongation of lysis times by 3-, 4- and 15-fold, respectively; findings consistent with a threshold-like effect on TAFI-mediated attenuation of
clot lysis.
Conclusion: The triple Lys cluster within the TAFI activation peptide
serves as an exosite for binding to thrombin-TM. The functional consequence of replacement of one, two or three Lys residues with Ala
demonstrates threshold-like behaviour, suggesting that each Lys residue contributes to efficient TAFI activation and attenuation of clot
lysis.
ABSTRACTS
OR443
Elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of two
nanobodies that inhibit TAFI activation and TAFIA
activity
Zhou X1, Weeks S1, Strelkov S1, Callewaert N2 and Declerck P1
1
Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Katholieke
Universiteit Leuven, Leuven; 2Molecular Biomedical Research,
Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
Background: Thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) is a
procarboxypeptidase. TAFI is activated to TAFIa, either by thrombin
(T), plasmin or most efficiently by the thrombin-thrombomodulin
complex (T/TM). TAFIa exerts antifibrinolytic properties. Our laboratory has previously generated and characterized nanobodies (Nbs) that
inhibit TAFI activation and/or TAFIa activity through different
mechanisms.
Aims: to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of inhibition using X-ray
crystallography.
Methods: Recombinant TAFI was expressed in a glycoengineered Pichia pastoris strain. Two Nbs with distinct inhibitory properties were
selected for structural studies. Nb-a204 interferes with all three modes
of TAFI activation, whereas Nb-i83 interferes only with T/TM-mediated activation but also inhibits TAFIa activity. Diffraction data of
crystals of the two TAFI/Nb complexes were obtained and the structures were solved by molecular replacement.
Results: The structure of TAFI/Nb-a204 reveals that a204 binds exclusively to the catalytic moiety (CM) of TAFI. The interface is small
and is stabilized by Trp102 in the CDR3 loop of a204 interact(658 A)
ing with a pocket on TAFI formed by helix 6 (Ala95-Glu99) and helix 8
(Trp163-Phe179). The Nb binding region is in close proximity to the
cleavage site (R92-A93). This provides a molecular basis for the mechanism of action of a204, i.e. by blocking accessibility to the cleavage
site. The structure of TAFI/Nb-i83 reveals that i83 binds to both the
activation peptide (AP) and the CM. i83 interacts with residues close
to the presumptive TM binding region in the AP, providing a molecular basis for T/TM-mediated activation interference. The structure also
suggests that the ability of i83 to inhibit TAFIa may be a result of i83
bridging the AP to the CM after TAFI activation.
Conclusion: Nanobody a204 and i83 merit further evaluation as potential profibrinolytic drugs. Analysis of these crystal structures may also
lead to opportunities for the rational design of small TAFI inhibitors.
OR444
The role of thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor
in human abdominal aortic aneurysms
Bridge KI1,2, Hesketh M2, Bollen L3, Macrae F2, Johnson A1,2,
Philippou H2, Scott J1,2, Gils A3 and Ariens R2
1
Leeds Vascular Institute, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust;
2
Department of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research,
University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; 3Department of Pharmaceutical
and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
Background: Intra-luminal thrombus is a key factor in Abdominal
Aortic Aneurysms (AAA) growth. We previously showed that patients
with AAA form dense clots which are resistant to fibrinolysis.
Aims: The aim of this study is to characterise the role of TAFI in
human AAA.
Methods: AAA Patients (n = 250) and controls (n = 210) were
recruited in the Leeds Aneurysm Development Study (LEADS).
Plasma levels of intact TAFI, TAFI activation peptide (TAFI-AP)
and activated/inactivated TAFI (TAFIa/ai) were measured by ELISAs. Clot lysis was measured in the presence and absence of potato-
265
carboxypeptidase inhibitor (PCI) to determine TAFI activity. TAFI

Thr325Ile genotype was determined using rtPCR.
Results: TAFIa/ai and TAFI-AP levels were higher in patients than
controls (mean SEM: 27.1 1.4 vs. 18.2 1.0 lg mL1,
P < 0.001 and 372.3 16.2 vs. 280.0 11.7 ng mL1, P < 0.001).
TAFIa/ai levels were positively correlated with TAFI-AP (r = 0.3,
P < 0.001). The change in lysis time with PCI was lower in patients
than controls (44.6 0.9 vs. 51.6 1.1 min, P < 0.001). Intact TAFI
levels were not different between patients and controls (13.5 0.2 vs.
13.3 0.3 lg mL1, P = 0.7). There was no difference in Thr325Ile
genotype distribution between patients and controls, but possession of
the Ile allele was associated with increased TAFI activity (50.0 1.1
vs. 45.7 1.0 min, P = 0.004). Blocking TAFI with PCI reduced clot
lysis times in patients to rates seen in controls (AAA:34.3 3.5
reduced to 28.1 1.3 vs. Control:27.8 1.1mins). Lysis across all
subjects was positively correlated with levels of TAFI-AP (r = 0.5
P < 0.0001) and intact TAFI (r = 0.3 P < 0.05).
Conclusion: The increase in TAFIa/ai and TAFI-AP, and decrease in
TAFI activity suggest increased TAFI turnover in patients with AAA.
The delay in lysis in patients with AAA can be attributed to TAFI.
Whether these changes reflect cause or effect remains to be established.
Prospective studies are required to fully elucidate the role of TAFI and
fibrinolysis in AAA pathogenesis.
OR445
Mechanistic studies and fibrin specificity of
streptokinase from Streptococcus pyogenes
Thelwell C, Huish-Williams S and Longstaff C
Biotherapeutics, NIBSC, Potters Bar, UK
Background: Therapeutic streptokinase (SK) is derived from a group
C strain of Streptococci and is not fibrin specific. However, SK molecules from group A Streptococci (GAS) are known to have different
mechanisms that involve bacterial cell surface receptors such as M1
and PAM, which bind fibrinogen (Fgn) and plasminogen (Pgn),
respectively.
Aims: To study the mechanism of SK from S. pyogenes (M1-type
GAS) and understand regulation of plasminogen activation by fibrinogen and fibrin.
Methods: Recombinant therapeutic SK (H46a-SK) and GAS-SK proteins were expressed in E. coli and recombinant tPA was expressed in
insect cells. Plasminogen activation assays were performed in solution,
with and without various fibrinolysis stimulators. Fibrinolysis assays
were performed in fibrin clots with ranges of tranexamic acid (TA).
Results: H46a-SK was active in solution against free Pgn, and very
poorly stimulated by Fgn or soluble fibrin analogues, including oxidised Fgn, CNBr Fgn fragments or fibrin degradation products
(FDP). GAS-SK required stimulation for activity, following a similar
pattern to tPA. More detailed analysis over a range of Pgn and Fgn
concentrations showed maximum stimulation of 2.5-, 12- and 30-fold
for H46a-SK, tPA and GAS-SK, respectively. A trigger and bullet
model was developed to explain the stimulation mechanism of GASSK by Fgn. In fibrin, the 3 activators had similar Km values for bound
Pgn, 82113 lM but the Vmax for GAS-SK was 15- and 24-fold
higher than H46a-SK and tPA, respectively. GAS-SK activity was
strongly inhibited by TA in the presence of Fgn (EC50 = 14.5 lM)
but less sensitive in fibrin (EC50 = 133 lM).
Conclusion: GAS-SK may be termed a fibrin-specific Pgn activator like
tPA because it demonstrates dramatic stimulation in the presence of
fibrin. However, GAS-SK is also strongly stimulated by Fgn, more so
than tPA. The response to TA suggests different interactions with Fgn
and fibrin for kringle domains of Pgn in complex with GAS-SK.
266
ABSTRACTS
POSTERS
ADAMTS13 I
PO001-MON
Protective effect of ADAMTS13 haplotype on coronary
artery disease
Lasom S1,2, Komanasin N2,3, Settasatian N2,3, Settasatian C2,4,
Kukongviriyapan U2,4, Senthong V2,4 and Intharapetch P2,5
1
Ph.D. Candidate in Biomedical Sciences Program, Graduate
School; 2Cardiovascular Research Group; 3Faculty of Associated
Medical Sciences; 4Faculty of Medicine; 5Queen Sirikit Heart
Center of the Northeast, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen,
Thailand
Background: A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13 (ADAMTS13) plays vital roles in preventing excessive spontaneous leukocyte adhesion and reducing vascular
inflammation as well as atherosclerotic plaque formation. In addition,
ADAMTS13 polymorphisms are related to reduce ADAMTS13 activity. Thus, they may in turn result in atherosclerosis progression.
Aims: This study aimed to assess the association of polymorphisms
and haplotypes of ADAMTS13 gene with coronary artery disease
(CAD) risk in Thais.
Methods: Seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of ADAMTS13 gene including Q448E, rs2073932, P618A, A900V, S903L,
rs652600 and rs4962153 were detected in 500 subjects. The subjects
were divided into 3 groups; 197 CAD, 136 non-CAD patients and 167
healthy controls. The SNPs were determined by polymerase chain
reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique. Haplotype analysis was performed by Arlequin version 3.5 and CAD risk
was assessed by using logistic regression analysis.
Results: The A900V polymorphism was associated with decreased
CAD risk compared to healthy controls (OR 0.1; 95% CI 0.0, 0.8).
Haplotype analysis indicated that the CAGA (H4) haplotype of
Q448E, rs2073932, rs652600 and rs4962153 polymorphisms was less
common in CAD compared to non-CAD and healthy controls. Moreover, frequencies of the CAAG (H5) and GGGG (H6) haplotypes
were also less frequent in CAD than those in the healthy controls.
Interestingly, the H4 haplotype was associated with reduced CAD risk
when the reference was either non-CAD (OR 0.2; 95% CI 0.1, 0.5) or
healthy controls (OR 0.2; 95% CI 0.1, 0.7). However, the associations
of the H5 and H6 haplotypes with CAD risk were not demonstrated.
Conclusion: This study indicated that the H4 haplotype had a protective effect against CAD risk. This finding suggests that investigating
the combination of ADAMTS13 SNPs is more effective than determining a single SNP for prediction of CAD risk.
PO002-MON
An unbalance between von Willebrand factor and
ADAMTS13 following a major partial hepatectomy
Groeneveld D1, Alkozai E1, Adelmeijer J1, Porte R2 and Lisman T1,2
1
Surgical Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery;
2
Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation,
Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen,
Background: Conventional coagulation tests are frequently prolonged
after liver surgery, suggesting a postoperative bleeding tendency. How-
ever, thrombotic complications following a major partial hepatectomy

(PH) are not uncommon and can have devastating consequences. Little information is available regarding changes in the platelet adhesive
protein von Willebrand factor (VWF) and its cleaving protease a disintegrin and metalloprotease with a thrombospondin type 1 motif (ADAMTS13) following a PH.
Aims: We assessed the status of the primary hemostatic system, specifically the balance between VWF and ADAMTS13 in patients undergoing PH.
Methods: We collected plasma samples from 17 patients who underwent a major PH and 24 healthy individuals. As a control, we collected
samples from 10 patients who underwent a pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy (PPPD), which is a procedure of a similar extent,
but without a decrease in postoperative synthetic capacity of the liver.
We measured plasma levels of VWF and ADAMTS13, VWF activity,
and VWF-dependent platelet adhesion.
Results: VWF levels increased following PH and PPPD and remained
high, even 4 weeks following PH. This increase in VWF levels was
accompanied by a decrease in ADAMTS13 activity, resulting in a substantially increased VWF/ADAMTS13 ratio which peaked at 7 days
following PH. VWF functional activity increased following both procedures, as did VWF-dependent platelet adhesion and aggregate size
under conditions of flow. Although similar changes in the VWF-ADAMTS13 axis were also present after a PPPD, changes in the VWFADAMTS13 axis were more extensive and more sustained following
PH compared to changes following PPPD.
Conclusion: We observed a hyperactive primary hemostatic system in
patients following PH as evidenced by highly elevated plasma levels of
functional VWF, combined with decreased ADAMTS13 activity.
These alterations in the balance between VWF and ADAMTS13 could
contribute to postoperative thrombotic complications, in particular
following PH.
Disclosure of Interest: D. Groeneveld: None Declared, E. Alkozai
Grant/Research Support from: This work was supported in part by
grants from The Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research
(Mozaiek grant), J. Adelmeijer: None Declared, R. Porte: None
Declared, T. Lisman Grant/Research Support from: This work was
supported in part by grants from The Netherlands Organization for
Scientific Research (VIDI, 917.11.304).
PO003-MON
The novel c.774_775 ins ccgcgcc mutation combined
with c.4085 T>A in the ADAMTS13 gene contributes to
thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)
Paiva J1, Kempfer AC2, Woods AI2, Casinelli MM1, SanchezLuceros A1,2 and Lazzari MA2
1
Hemostasia y Trombosis, Instituto de Investigaciones
gicas, Academia Nacional de Medicina; 2Laboratorio de
Hematolo
Hemostasia y Trombosis, IMEX-CONICET, Academia Nacional de
noma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
Medicina, Ciudad Auto
Background: PTT is a rare disease characterized by widespread intravascular platelet thrombosis.
Aims: We described a case of congenital TTP with presence of a known
(c.4085 T>A) and a novel (c.774_775 ins ccgcgcc) mutation, both in
heterozygous state.
Methods: The proband (P) is a male patient diagnosed TTP at the age
of 37, with manifestations of thrombocytopenia and impaired renal
function. ADAMTS13 activity (normal value: 40130%), antigen
(0.601.60 lg mL1)
and
IgG
anti-ADAMTS13
antibody
(< 15U mL1) were evaluated by ELISA and ultralarge von Willebrand factor (ULVWF) multimers ( 15%), by SDS-agarose gel electrophoresis. All exons were sequenced using ABI Prism 310 and in
silico analysis by ORF Finder and TRANSLATE TOOL. Informed
consent and ethical approval were obtained.
ABSTRACTS
Results: P: ADAMTS13 activity = 0%, antigen = 0 lg mL1, IgG
anti-ADAMTS13 antibody = 8 U mL1, ULVWF multimers = 58%
and c.4085T>A known mutation, SNP c.169C>T in region 50 UTR
and novel mutation c.774_775ins ccgcgcc, all in heterozygous state.
Father and sister: ADAMTS13 activity = 46% and 56% and antigen = 0.67 and 0.90 lg mL1 respectively; both of them IgG anti-ADAMTS13 antibody = 8 U mL1.
Both, heterozygous for c.774_775ins ccgcgcc, presented normal ULVWF multimers. None showed ICs. In silico for the new mutation predicted the formation of a premature stop codon during transcription
(p.G258PfsX133).
Conclusion: We observed (Calderazzo 2012) that c.4085A>T mutation
causing ADAMTS13 intracellular retention is accompanied by
c.169C>T in several patients (n = 4). It is described that SNPs or
mutations at 50 UTR region may affect transcription and translation of
proteins.
The reading frame shift caused by c.774_775ins ccgcgcc also produced
177 different amino acids prior to the stop codon and has the distinctive feature of being, in turn, a doubling. Pimanda2004 and Garagiola2008 concluded that the insertions are associated with low
ADAMTS13 activity. Therefore, the compound heterozygous state
would justify low levels of ADAMTS13 in the P.
PO004-MON
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) in a
member of a family with ADAMTS13 gene
abnormalities
Paiva J1, Kempfer AC2, Woods AI2, Casinelli MM1, Alberto F1,
Blanco A1, Lazzari MA2 and Sanchez-Luceros A1,2
1
Hemostasia y Trombosis, Instituto de Investigaciones
gicas, Academia Nacional de Medicina; 2Laboratorio de
Hematolo
Hemostasia y Trombosis, IMEX-CONICET, Academia Nacional de
Medicina, Ciudad Auto
Background: TTP is characterized by thrombocytopenic purpura, microangiopathic hemolysis and microvascular thrombosis.
Aims: We describe a congenital TTP with the presence of one known
(c.4085A>T) and two new mutations (c.2610 + 5G>C, c.2677C>G).
Methods: Patient (P) presented recurrent episodes of thrombocytopenia, headache, jaundice and abdominal pain since 14 years old. von
Willebrand factor antigen (VWF:Ag; normal value: 50150%) was
assessed by ELISA as well as ADAMTS13 activity (40130%), antigen
(0.601.60 lg mL1),
IgG
anti-ADAMTS13
antibody
(< 15 U mL1), detection of ADAMTS13-inmune complexes (ICs)
and anticardiolipin antibodies (ACA); genetic analysis using ABI
Prism. The mutations were analyzed by in silico tools to predict their
effect. Informed consent and ethical approval were obtained.
Results: Ps had VWF:Ag = 158%, ADAMTS13 activity = 2.1%,
antigen = 0.02 lg mL1
and
IgG
anti-ADAMTS13
antibody = 4.3U mL1. Parents and siblings had normal VWF:Ag and
ADAMTS13 activity and antigen, but the sister showed 27 U mL1 of
IgG anti-ADAMTS13 antibody. None of them was positive for ACA
or ICs. The genetic analysis revealed 3 mutations: c.2610 + 5G>C in
exon 20, c.2677C>G in exon 21 from the father and c.4085A>T in exon
29 accompanied by c.169C>T from the mother. Only the P had both
the mutation of the father and of the mother in heterozygous state.
The sister and one brother only had the fathers mutation, and the
other brother had no mutations at all.
Conclusion: Future studies of the Ps sister will probably show whether
the presence of the said antibodies precedes clinical onset in TTP. We
already knew that c.4085A>T (p.D1362V) causes intracellular retention of ADAMTS13 (Calderazzo2012). In silico predicted that
c.2610 + 5G>C causes the loss of the splice donor site with a gain of
43 amino acids before encountering a stop codon in retained intron 20.
267
Simulation for c.2677C>G (p.A893P), predicted that it would be a tolerable change.

Compound heterozygous state would justify the phenotype in the P.
PO005-MON
Congenital thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
(TTP) caused by compound heterozygosity of
c.1225C>T and a novel c.2321delG ADAMTS13 gene
mutations
Kempfer AC1, Paiva J2, Woods AI1, Sanchez-Luceros A1,2 and
Lazzari MA1
1
Laboratorio de Hemostasia y Trombosis, IMEX-CONICET,
Academia Nacional de Medicina; 2Hemostasia y Trombosis,
gicas, Academia Nacional
Instituto De Investigaciones Hematolo
De Medicina, Ciudad Auto
Background: Severe deficiency of ADAMTS13 may result in von
Willebrand factor ultralarge multimers (ULVWF) spontaneously
interacts with platelet receptors, resulting in recurrent attacks of
microvascular thrombosis.
Aims: We hypothesized that a compound heterozygous for both a
known mutation (c.1225C>T) and a novel mutation (c.2321delG) may
confer a more severe TTP phenotype.
Methods: Patient (P) presenting purpura and jaundice, with hemolytic
anemia, thrombocytopenia and reticulocytosis at birth followed by
several episodes during her first year of life. ADAMTS13 activity (normal value = 40130%), antigen (0.601.60 lg mL1), and IgG antiADAMTS13 antibody (< 15 U mL1) were assayed by ELISA kits.
ULVWF ( 15%) was evaluated by SDS-agarose gel electrophoresis
and genotyping was performed by sequencing on the ABI Prism 310.
Mutations were analyzed by in silico tools to predict their effect.
Informed consent and ethical approval were obtained.
Results: The P had undetectable activity of ADAMTS13, antigen:
0.04 lg mL1, IgG anti-ADAMTS13 antibody = 5U mL1 and ULVWF = 53%. The father and the mother showed no clinical manifestations and ADAMTS13 activity values of 53% and 52% respectively,
IgG anti-ADAMTS13 antibody = 2 U mL1 and normal ULVWF
while antigen was of 0.58 and 0.65 lg mL1 respectively. Two mutations were found in P c.1225C>T inherited from the father and a novel
mutation c.2321delG inherited from the mother.
Conclusion: The c.1225C>T (p.R409W) mutation affects the TPS1domain, abolishing ADAMTS13 secretion. In a family with P in homozygous state to this mutation found by Camilleri 2012, the parents, in
heterozygous state, showed normal activity and subnormal levels of
antigen, like our Ps father. On the other hand, in silico tools predicted
the novel mutation c.2321delG (p.G774AfsX3) produced the reading
frameshift with formation of a premature stop codon which would
result in a nonfunctional protein.
We conclude that the genotype of P, due to compound heterozygosity
of two mutations, would produce the TTP phenotype.
268
ABSTRACTS
PO006-MON
Quality assessment for ADAMTS-13 testing: a
Canadian experience
Bonnefoy A1, Keeney M2 and on behalf of the Canadian
ADAMTS-13 Cooperative Group
1
Onco-Hematologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire SainteJustine, Montreal; 2Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, London
Health Sciences Centre, London, Canada
Background: Clinical testing of plasma ADAMTS-13 activity and
inhibitors has become instrumental to distinguish and monitor congenital or acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura from other
forms of thrombotic microangiopathies including atypical hemolytic
uremic syndrome.
Aims: Evaluate the inter-laboratory variations for ADAMTS-13 activity and antibody measurements in Canada, propose recommendations
for testing, data reporting and interpretation of the results.
Methods: Eight laboratories accross Canada participated in the survey.
Three series of 4 samples were sent from 1 site to the other sites for
blinded measurement of ADAMTS-13 activity and anti-ADAMTS-13
antibodies. For activity testing, 6 sites used the Technozym ADAMTS-13 activity ELISA assay (Technoclone) and 1 site used a FRETSVWF73 substrate-based fluorescent assay (peptide International Inc.).
2 sites used ELISA antigenic assays (R&D Systems and Sekisui), in
addition to, or instead of, activity assays. For antibodies testing, 5 sites
used the Technozym ADAMTS-13 INH ELISA assay (Technoclone), 1 site used the IMUBIND ADAMTS13 Autoantibody
ELISA assay (Sekisui) and 1 site performed an in-house titration
ELISA assay using recombinant ADAMTS-13 (Baxter) and serial
plasma dilutions.
Results: There was a relatively good agreement between laboratories
for ADAMTS-13 activity, in particular for low ADAMTS-13 activity
levels. Results were reported as Units per mL or as percentage of normal plasma activity. Values below 10% activity were reported using
the cutoff < 10% or using the actual value. There was also a relatively good agreement between laboratories for antibody detection.
Results were either reported as Units per mL or as a titer. There was
wide variabilty in reporting comments by each laboratory.
Conclusion: While overall laboratories performed well in decting low
levels of ADAMTS-13, there is a need for harmonizing reporting units
and comments for both ADAMTS-13 activity and antibodies for
which we propose a series of recommendations.
Disclosure of Interest: A. Bonnefoy Grant/Research Support from: Alexion Pharmaceuticals, M. Keeney Grant/Research Support from: Alexion Pharmaceuticals.
PO007-MON
Portal vein thrombosis in liver cirrhosis: the role of
ADAMTS13
Cristofaro RD, Basso M, Veca V, Lancellotti S, Riccardi L and
Pompili M
Medical Sciences, Catholic University School of Medicine,
ROMA, Italy
Background: Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a rare complication that
dramatically changes the prognosis of cirrhotic patients expecially
those waiting for allogenic liver trasplantation. However, the possible
contribution of von Willebrand factor (VWF) and ADAMTS13 in
PVT is scarcely documented.
Aims: We evaluated the prevalence of PVT in cirrhotic patients as a
function of (a) classical thrombophilic risk factors; (b) alterations of
VWF and ADAMTS13 levels.
Methods: This study enrolled 60 cirrhotic patients > 18 year old referring to the Liver Unit of Gemelli Hospital during 2013 with liver cir-
rhosis of any etiology, diagnosed using sonographic and/or

histological criteria. The only exclusion criterion was the presence of a
neoplasm.
Results: The 60 enrolled patients were divided according to the ultrasound evidence of PVT. The group without PVT (group A) included
47 patients (m:f = 30:17) with different cirrhosis etiology (24 virusrelated; 15 alcohol-related; 8 other causes). Their Child-Pugh scores
were A (57.4%) and BC (42.6%). The PVT group (group B) included
13 patients (m:f = 8:5) with different etiologies (5 virus-related; 6 alcohol-related; 2 other causes) and Child-Pugh scores A (23.1%) and BC
(76.9%).
Mann-Whitney analysis showed not significant differences of the
Child-Pugh score between group A and B, while ADAMTS13 activity
results significantly lower in group B (Median [IQR], 67.45 [41.11
88.00]; 9.98 [1.6716.98], P < 0.0001). Interestingly, there are no statistical differences in the levels of VWF (antigen, RCo and RCo/Ag),
FVIII and classical thrombophilic factors between the two groups.
Furthermore, no correlation was found (P = 0.326) between the
Child-Pugh score and ADAMTS13 activity, suggesting that the reduction of enzyme level is not proportional to the loss of liver parenchyma
mass.
Conclusion: The obtained results show that ADAMTS13 can be considered an early independent risk factor for the development of PVT.
PO008-MON
Importance of monitoring activity and anti-ADAMTS13 antibodies levels in pregnancy with severe
preeclampsia history
Bitsadze V1, Akinshina SV2, Zhuravleva EV2 and Makatsaria AD3
1
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Medical
Prophylaxis Faculty; 2Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
of Medical Prophylaxis Faculty; 3Correspondent Member of the
Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Obstetrics
and Gynecology of Medical Prophylaxis Faculty, Vice-President
of Russian Association of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, I.M.
Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow,
Russia
Background: ADAMTS-13 plasma metalloprotease capable of cleaving a specific Tyr-Met bond in the A2 domain of von Willebrand factor (VWF). Increased synthesis During pregnancy syntesis of VWF
increases while activity of ADAMTS13 reduses.
Aims: In this study, we tried to establish a link between the presence of
severe PE in history and a possible reduction in the activity of ADAMTS-13 or the presence of antibodies to this metalloproteinases.
Methods: We analyzed the 3 cases of severe PE in history with oliguria/anuria, thrombotic complications and/or multiorgan failure. The
study was conducted 612 months after undergoing PE. Laboratory
Methods
determination of genetic thrombophilia, homocysteine levels, APA,
ADAMTS-13 activity and anti-ADAMTS-13 antibodies.
Results: In all patients outside of pregnancy levels of ADAMTS-13
activity is was not elevated while the antibod titers was increased
(28.5 U mL1; 57.0 U mL1 and 145 U mL1). In one patient homocysteine levels was increase up to 27 mmol L1. None of the patients
was not found thrombophilia. The patient with the level of anti-ADAMTS-13 145 U mL1 had history of severe PE, AFD, pulmonary
embolism and 3 cases of ischemic strokes, which were regarded by neurologists as Sneddon syndrome. In subsequent pregnancy with a diagnosis of seronegative APS patient received LMWH, she was delivery
at 38 weeks due to presented of emerging signs of intrauterine fetal
distress, PE did not develop. 2 years later, she became pregnant again:
from 32 weeks occured increase of ADAMTS-13 to 180 U mL1. She
ABSTRACTS
was delivered at 37 weeks Cesarean section due to decline fetal biophysical profile. PE has not developed.
Conclusion: Elevated levels of anti-ADAMTS-13- antibodies may be
the cause of severe PE. Control antibodies to ADAMTS-13 has a predictive value and allows to adjust anticoagulant therapy and to determine the time of delivery, taking into account the risks to the mother
and fetus.
Angiogenesis / vasculogenesis
PO009-MON
PAR1-stimulated platelets enhance angiogenic
activities of endothelial progenitor cells more potently
than PAR4-stimulated platelets
Huang Z1, Miao X1, Luan Y2, Kong F2 and Li N1
1
Department of Medicine-Solna, Clinical Pharmacology Unit,
Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; 2Central Laboratory,
The Second Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
Background: Cardiovasculature maintains endothelial homeostasis by
proliferation of adjacent endothelial cells (ECs) and recruiting circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). Platelets are closely involved
in angiogenesis, apart from their primary functions in thrombosis and
haemostasis. Platelets store both pro- and anti-angiogenic regulators,
which are selectively released upon stimulation by thrombin receptor
PAR1 and PAR4, respectively. The latter may be an important regulatory machinery of vessel regeneration and remodelling.
Aims: To investigate if PAR1-stimulated platelet releasate (PAR1-PR)
and PAR4-PR differently regulate angiogenic properties of EPCs.
Methods: EPCs were generated from peripheral mononuclear cell culture. Washed platelets (2 9 109 mL1) were stimulated by PAR1-activating peptide (PAR1-AP; 10 lM) or PAR4-AP (100 lM) to prepare
PAR1-PR and PAR4-PR, respectively.
Results: PAR1-PR or PAR4-PR had little influence on EPC proliferation. EPC migration experiments using a modified Boyden chamber
showed that both platelet releasates facilitated EPC migration. As for
in vitro tube formation on matrigel, PAR1-PR and PAR4-PR similarly
enhanced capillary-like network formation of EPCs in the complete
EPC medium containing 10% FBS and a cocktail of growth factors,
whilst PAR1-PR more profoundly increased EPC tube formation in
basal culture medium supplemented with only 0.5% FBS than PAR4PR. The latter was confirmed in the murine angiogenesis model of subcutaneous matrigel implantation. Moreover, blockade of VEGF,
SDF-1a, or MMPs attenuated EPC migration and tube formation,
suggesting a cooperation of these factors in the enhancements.
Conclusion: PAR1-PR enhances vasculogenesis more potently than
PAR4-PR, and the enhancements require a cooperation of multiple
platelet-derived angiogenic regulators.
PO010-MON
Development of an ex ovo chicken embryo model for
measuring traction forces during in vivo angiogenesis
lez A2, Trepat X2 and
Baker-Groberg S1, Zalvidea D2, Gonza
McCarty O1
1
Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University,
Portland, USA; 2Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia,
Barcelona, Spain
Background: Angiogenesis, which is the process of new blood vessel
growth, plays a key role in tissue development, wound repair, and vari 2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997
269
ous pathological states. During angiogenesis, endothelial cells interact

with and deform the extracellular matrix; however, much of the
mechanics and forces mediating this process in vivo are unknown.
Aims: To develop an ex ovo chicken embryo model that utilizes the
highly vascularized chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) in conjunction
with fluorescent scaffolds for measuring traction forces generated by
migrating angiogenic endothelial cells.
Methods: Fertilized Gallus gallus eggs were incubated for 3 days. On
day 3, eggs were broken and embryos were transferred to petri dishes.
Polylactic acid scaffolds with known elastic properties were added to
the CAM. Scaffolds contained 0.1% FITC or 0.1%, 0.01%, or
0.001% rhodamine and were cut into 2 9 2, 1 9 1, or 1 9 0.5 cm
rectangles in a planar or rolled orientation. Embryos were injected via
a CAM vein with 10 kDa Cascade Blue-dextran, 2MDa FITC-dextran, or FITC-lectin. To secure the scaffold to minimize movement
during imaging, embryos were placed in a custom 3D printed chamber.
To quantify traction forces, 3D time-lapse images of blood vessel
growth into scaffolds were acquired using multi-photon microscopy.
Embryos were sacrificed at day 13 and scaffolds were cryosectioned,
stained, and imaged via confocal microscopy.
Results: The use of FITC-lectin and 2MDa dextran resulted in the
greatest vessel fluorescence while the use of 0.001% rhodamine yielded
the optimal scaffold fluorescence for multi-photon imaging. Injection
of dextran increased embryo survival by 83% compared with lectin
injection. Confocal imaging revealed maximal blood vessel interactions for 1 9 0.5 cm scaffolds in the rolled orientation.
Conclusion: Use of this model will further understanding of the fundamental biophysical mechanisms of in vivo angiogenesis, possibly providing a foundation for the development of new medical interventions
for treating angiogenesis-associated diseases.
PO011-MON
Microrna-126 reduces blood-retinal barrier breakdown
in oxygen-induced retinopathy mouse model
Bai Y1, Bai X2 and Wang Z2
1
Medicine; 2Soochow University, Suzhou, China
Background: Retinopathy is a sort of disease associated with retinal
vascular dysfunction. Many reports have identified that microRNAs
act as critical post-transcriptional factors on regulating their target
genes and playing important roles in their functions in eye diseases.
Our publication suggested that microRNA-126 level was lower in retinas of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) than control mice. However,
it is unknown that microRNA-126 is crucial for blood-retinal barrier
(BRB) or not.
Aims: To evaluate the roles of miR-126 in regulating BRB function in
OIR mouse model.
Methods: We established OIR mouse model and measured the levels of
miR-126 in retinas with real-time PCR. After plasmid pCMV-MIR126 was injected to vitreous, VCAM-1 levels in retina were detected by
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and BCL2L11 were assessed by
real-time RT-PCR. Retinal vaso-obliteration was detected by Fluorescein angiography. Immuno-histochemistry was used for detecting
VCAM-1 expression or Albumin leakage in retinas. Albumin leaked in
retinas was detected by immunoblotting. The apoptosis of retinal
endothelial cells (RECs) was assessed by TUNEL Histology. The
blood-retinal vascular leakage was evaluated using Evans-blue dye
assay.
Results: Our results suggested that miR-126 was significantly decreased
in retinas from OIR mice. Restoration of miR-126 in retinas overcame
over-expression of VCAM-1 and BCL2L11, and then reduced retinal
vaso-obliteration area, retinal vascular leakage, RECs apoptosis or
retinal permeability in OIR model.
270
ABSTRACTS
Conclusion: It explored that miR-126 could reduce blood-retinal barrier dysfunction via regulating VCAM-1 and BCL2L11 expression in
OIR model.
PO012-MON
Stimulation of PAR-1 or PAR-4 promotes a similar
pattern of platelet-mediated angiogenesis
Etulain J, Mena A, Negrotto S and Schattner M
Laboratory of Experimental Thrombosis, Institute of Experimental
Medicine, Conicet-National Academy of Medicine, Ciudad
Auto
Background: Platelets mediate vessel formation though the secretion of
angiogenic-modulating factors from a-granules, including the proangiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the antiangiogenic endostatin. Initial findings indicated that these molecules
are packed into different a-granules and that they are selectively
released by the specific stimulation of protease-activated receptor
(PAR)-1 or PAR-4 using either platelet rich plasma (PRP) or washed
platelets (WPs). In contrast, recent evidences are against this hypothesis.
Aims: To clarify these controversies, here we evaluated the release of
VEGF and endostatin from WPs and PRP activated with PAR-1 activated peptide (AP) or PAR-4-AP and determined the angiogenic effect
of platelet-releasates.
Methods: The levels of VEGF and endostatin (ELISA) and endothelial
proliferation (enzymatic activity), wound healing (microscopy) and
tubule formation (microscopy) were determined using supernatants
from PAR-1- or PAR-4-stimulated platelets.
Results: We found that due to the high levels of plasmatic endostatin
vs. platelet-lysates content (83 5 vs. 2.5 0.3 ng mL1), the release
of endostatin induced by PARs activation was not detected using
PRP. In contrast, PAR-1 or PAR-4 platelet activation resulted in a significant release of VEGF (10 2 and 11 2 ng mL1 vs. resting
platelets P < 0.001) and the intra-platelet VEGF level was 10-fold
higher than that of plasma (12 1 vs. 1.3 0.2 ng mL1). The activation of WPs with PAR-1 or PAR-4 AP promoted the secretion of
VEGF and endostatin in a concentration-dependent manner being
PAR-1 1115-fold potent than PAR-4. Moreover, PAR-1- or PAR-4stimulated WPs triggered endothelial cell proliferation, wound healing
and tubule formation.
Conclusion: Our results support the notion that while circulating endostatin accounts for the maintenance of a systemic antiangiogenic
state, locally, the release of platelet a-granule content mediated by
PAR-1 or PAR-4 activation promotes angiogenesis.
PO013-MON
Platelet membrane glycoprotein CD151 promotes
endothelial progenitor cell angiogenesis
Huang Z1, Nilsson G2, Pernow J3, Miao X1 and Li N1
1
Department of Medicine, Clinical Pharmacology Unit;
2
Department of Medicine, Clinical Immunology and Allergy Unit;
3
Department of Medicine, Cardiology Unit, Karolinska Institute,
Stockholm, Sweden
Background: Platelets play an important role in angiogenesis, and promote angiogenesis of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). Understanding of the mechanisms of platelet angiogenic activities are, however,
still modest.
Aims: To investigate if platelets can regulate angiogenic property of

EPCs via mechanisms beyond platelet-released angiogenic regulators.
Methods: EPCs were generated by EPC-directed cell culture of peripheral mononuclear cells. Capillary-like tube formation of EPCs was
assessed using an in vitro Matrigel assay.
Results: Platelets promoted EPC tube formation in both basic and
complete EPC medium. The enhancement by platelets was more
marked than by platelet releasates. Thus, platelets increased branching
points of EPC tube formation from 30.5 9.0 per field of EPCs alone
to 95.5 17.6 per field (P < 0.01; n = 4), which were higher than
those by platelet releasates (58.2 8.3 per field; P < 0.05 vs. platelets), indicating that platelet membrane components also promoted
EPC tube formation. The latter was supported by that fixed platelets
also enhanced EPC tube formation. Further work revealed that the
enhancement involved platelet-expressed glycoproteins, because pretreatment of platelets with neuraminidase, which removes sialic acid
from platelet membrane glycoproteins, abolished the enhancement.
Moreover, platelet-expressed CD151 accounted for the enhancement,
as pre-treatment of platelets, but not EPCs, with the CD151 blocking
antibody (clone 50-6) reduced the enhancement. Platelet CD151 promoted the tube formation via Src-PI3K signaling pathway of EPCs.
Hence, platelet-promoted tube formation was almost abolished when
the Src-PI3K signaling pathway of EPCs was blocked by the Src-specific inhibitor PP2 and PI3K-specific inhibitor LY294002.
Conclusion: Platelets enhance EPC angiogenesis through membraneexpressed glycoproteins, apart from platelet-released angiogenic regulators. The enhancement is exerted via CD151-mediated Src-PI3K signaling of EPCs.
PO014-MON
Proangiogenic properties of fucoidan is associated
with recruitment and modulation of macrophage
polarization
Sapharikas E1,2, Mohamadi A1, Dizier B1, Lokajczyk A1,2, Galyfauroux I2, Helley D2,3, Fischer A-M2,3 and Boisson-Vidal C1
1
Inserm UMRS1140; 2Universite Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris
Cite; 3HEGP, AP-HP, Paris, France
Background: Cardiovascular diseases such as Peripheral Arterial Disease may evolve towards critical limb ischemia (CLI), requiring revascularization or amputation. Fucoidan, a marine sulphated
polysaccharide has shown promising angiogenic properties in vivo.
Intramuscular injections of fucoidan in a mouse CLI model lead to
protection of ischemic tissue against necrosis.
Aims: Since macrophages plasticity is known to play a key role in tissue remodelling after injury, we hypothesized that the improved healing is a result of a shift in macrophage polarization M1/M2 induced
by fucoidan.
Methods: Perfusion and Boyden chamber assays allowed to study fucoidan treatment on ex vivo monocytes adhesion and extravasation on
activated endothelium. The effect on macrophage polarization was
evaluated in vitro, on human monocytes cultured with or without fucoidan in the presence of IFN-g/M1 and IL4/M2 and characterized by
examining the expression of specific M1/M2 markers by flow cytometry. The angiogenic capacity of their secretomes was studied on endothelial progenitor cells by wound healing and Matrigel assays. Mouse
CLI model enabled us to probe the role of fucoidan treatment during
early (2 and 4 days) and late (14 days) stages disease on macrophage
recruitment and polarization in ischemic gastrocnemius.
Results: Monocytes stimulation with fucoidan resulted in a rapid
increase in cell adhesion to activated endothelium in flow conditions
and enhanced migration (3 and 5 times respectively P < 0.05). Fucoidan promotes macrophage polarization to M2-like subtype, increasing
the proangiogenic potential of pro-angiogenic cytokines. In vivo fucoi 2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997
ABSTRACTS
dan recruits 8 times more CD45+Ly6G+ at day 2 and twice the
CD45+F4/80+ at day 4 in ischemic gastronecmius compared to control, leading to accelerate M2 polarization. These results correlate with
the protective effect on muscle observed at day 14.
Conclusion: Our data shed new light on mechanisms by which fucoidan
stimulate muscle regeneration.
PO015-MON
Unaltered angiogenesis-regulatory activities of
platelets from mild type 2 DM patients despite a
marked platelet hyperreactivity
Miao X, Zhang W, Huang Z and Li N
Department of Medicine-Solna, Clinical Pharmacology Unit,
Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is linked to platelet dysfunction and impaired tissue regeneration. Platelets store and release
various angiogenic regulators that regulate angiogenesis and tissure
regeneration.
Aims: To investigate possible alternations of platelet angiogenic regulator release and platelet-regulated angiogenesis in T2DM.
Methods: Twelve T2DM patients (61 3 years; BMI 27.6 0.9;
blood glucose 8.6 0.7 mM; HbAc1 6.4 0.3%) and matched nondiabetic controls were studied. Platelet reactivity was monitored by
flow cytometry. Endothelial cell (EC) tube foramtion was assayed on
matrigel-covered plates.
Results: Basal platelet activation was similar between DM and control
subjects. However, the thrombin receptor activating peptide (TRAP;
4 lM) induecd a higher platelet P-selectin experssion in DM
(35.5 9.2% vs. 21.3 5.6% in control; P < 0.05). Dynamic platelet reactivity (to 10 lM TRAP; assessed by platelet annexin V binding)
was also enhanced in DM, i.e, a quicker surge of annexin V+ platelets
(21.5 5.7% vs. 16.8 3.4% in control at 2 min) and a sustained
elevation during 8 min. Platelet released pro-angiogenic PDGF BB
and VEGF and anti-angiogenic thrombospondin-1 and platelet factor
4 were measured by ELISAs. TRAP induced marked releases of platelet angiogenic regulators. The releases were, however, similar between
two groups. Thus, TRAP increased VEGF from 66.9 29.5 pg mL1
at basal to 466.5 166.4 pg mL1 in DM and from 58.7 38.9 to
465.5 229.3 pg mL1 in the controls. Platelet-enhanced capillarylike EC tube formation did not differ either. Thus, platelet supplementation (EC:platelet ratio 1:150) led to ~140% enhancements by platelets from both DM and control subjects, as assessed by the increases of
the branch points of EC tube formation.
Conclusion: Platelets are hyperreactive in T2DM. Platelet angiogenic
regulator release and platelet-enhanced angiogenesis are, however,
similar between mild T2DM and control subjects.
PO016-MON
Human platelet lysate gel (HPLG) supports and
stimulates endothelial progenitor cell-driven
vasculogenesis
Pula G, Fortunato T and DeBank P
Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, UK
Background: Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are circulating stemlike cells able to differentiate into mature endothelial cells and replenish the endothelial lining at the sites of vascular damage. Their utilization for cell therapies aiming to restore healthy endothelial lining of
271
blood vessels and stimulate neovascularization of ischemic tissues has

been the object of intense investigation.
Aims: In this study, we investigated the use of human platelet lysate
gel (hPLG) as an animal product-free and patient-specific tool to isolate, amplify, differentiate and deliver endothelial progenitor cells.
Methods: Anticoagulated human plasma was used to obtain hPLG by
sonication in the presence of calcium. Endothelial colony-forming cells
(ECFCs) were obtained from human peripheral blood. Colony formation rate (i.e. number of colonies per mL of peripheral blood), ECFC
adhesion/migration rate, proliferation/viability, endothelial marker
expression, substrate invasion and capillary network formation in 3D
cultures were analyzed on hPLG and compared with the same parameters on collagen type I, which is currently used as a substrate for ECFC
culture
Results: In our experiments, hPLG appeared to be a superior substrate
compared to collagen I for ECFC isolation (higher colony count),
amplification (higher viability and proliferation rate) and differentiation (expression of higher levels of VE-cadherin, vascular endothelial
growth factro receptor 2 and von Willebrand Factor). In addition,
hPLG appeared to stimulate the vasculogenic activity of ECFCs in vitro, as measured by the formation of an extended microvascular network in vitro when cells were embedded in hPLG but not when
embedded in collagen gels or MatrigelTM.
Conclusion: We propose the use of hPLG for ECFC isolation/delivery
and the stimulation of tissue revascularization for therapeutic purposes.
PO017-MON
TF-mediated positive feedback crosstalk between
endothelial cells and patrolling CD14+/CD16+
monocytes stimulates angiogenesis
Espinosa S1, Arderiu G1, Pena E1, Bogdanov VY2, Crespo J1 and
Badimon L1
1
Cardiovascular Research Center (CSIC-ICCC), Hospital de Sant
Pau (UAB), IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; 2Division of
Hematology/Oncology, University of Cincinnati College of
Medicine, Cincinnati, USA
Background: Angiogenesis after ischemia contributes to reduce organ
damage and preserve cell survival. We recently reported monocyte
(Mo)endothelial cell (ECs) crosstalk mediated by Wnt5-Fzz5 to
induce EC-tissue factor (TF) expression and promote angiogenesis.
However, the tentative role of inflammatory CD14+/CD16 and
patrolling CD14+/CD16+ monocytes is not known.
Aims: Here our objective was to investigate whether TF (as alternative
spliced [asTF] or as TF-rich-microparticles [TF-MPs]) can influence
monocyte polarization and signal ECs to form neovessels.
Methods: Angiotube formation was investigated using human microvascular-ECs (mECs) and human Mo-subsets. TF expression in mECs
was determined by qPCR and immunoblotting. TF-MPs were analyzed by FACS. Full length TF (flTF) or as TF were over-expressed in
mECs. Changes in CD16 and VE-Cadherin expression in monocytes
were analyzed by FACS and vWF by immunofluorescence.
Results: Mo-CD14+/CD16+, but not Mo-CD14+/CD16, significantly induced mECs to express flTF and asTF, to trigger Ets-1/CCL2
signaling, and to form angiotubes. ECs co-cultured with Mo-CD14+/
CD16+ increased TF-MPs secretion. Compared to supernatants
obtained from ECs not expressing TF, supernatants obtained from
flTF as well as TF overexpressing ECs promoted Mo-CD14+/CD16
polarization into Mo-CD14+/CD16+. Mo-CD14+/CD16+ differentiated into EC-like cells, identified by expression of the endothelial
markers VE-Cadherin and vWF.
Conclusion: Mo-CD14+/CD16+ induce mEC to express TF and form
angiotubes. TF released by ECs induce Mo-CD14+/CD16 polariza-
272
ABSTRACTS
tion into Mo-CD14+/CD16+, and further to differentiate into EClike cells, favoring microvessel formation. These results show a TFmediated positive feedback crosstalk between endothelial cells and
monocytes to stimulate angiogenesis.
PO019-MON
PAR2-dependent signaling via SMAD3 in TF-induced
angiogenesis
Arderiu G, Pena E, Espinosa S and Badimon L
Cardiovascular Research Center (CSIC-ICCC), Hospital Sant Pau
(UAB), IIB-SantPau, Barcelona, Spain
Background: Tissue factor (TF) signaling regulates gene expression
and protein synthesis leading to the modulation of cell function.
Recently, we demonstrated that in microvascular endothelial cells
(mECs) TF signaling induces activation of ETS1 that induces CCL2
secretion stimulating smooth muscle cell recruitment and stabilization
of neovessels. Because combinatorial control is a characteristic property of ETS family members, we hypothesized that such an interaction
could also be possible in TF signaling through ETS1.
Aims: Here we have investigated whether additional transcription factors are involved in TF-induced mature microvessel formation.
Methods: We used human microvascular endothelial cells and a murine hemangioma cell line (EOMA) to perform in vitro-3DBM and
in vivo-matrigel implants experiments.
Results: Data show that in addition to ETS1, SMAD3 contributes to
tube-like stabilization induced by TF. Moreover, while the signaling
TF/AKT/ETS1 pathway is PAR2 independent, PAR2 is required for
TF/SMAD3 signaling. PAR2-dependent activation of SMAD3 is mediated by PKC phosphorylation and independent of TGF-b. In addition, disruption of SMAD3 expression in mECs reduces ERK1/2
phosphorylation and decreases target gene promoter activity, reducing
CCL2 expression and angitube stabilization. EOMA cells that do not
express TF but express PAR2, proliferate in disorganized cell clusters;
transfection of TF into EOMA cells induces angiotube formation in vitro, and a well organized microvessel formation within the hemangioma reducing its size in vivo. EOMA-TF+ cells showed an increased
ETS1 and SMAD3 expression.
Conclusion: TF-induced angiogenesis results from two cooperative
pathways: TF-induced microvessel formation through b1-integrin/
AKT1/ETS1 and TF-induced microvessel stabilization through
PAR2/SMAD3. Angiogenesis is a complex process consequence of a
SMAD3/ETS1 transcriptional cooperation in response to TF signaling
in mECs.
PO020-MON
Increase of reactive oxygen species and senescence
down the proliferative rate of endothelial progenitor
cells from patients with venous thromboembolic
disease
pez JR1,2, Ch
Alvarado-Moreno JA1, Hernandez-Lo
avezandez-Ju
arez J1
Gonz
alez MA3, Yoder MC4, Isordia-Salas I5, Hern
1
and Majluf-Cruz A
1
n M
Unidad de Investigacio
edica en Trombosis, Hemostasia y
Aterogenesis, IMSS; 2Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana,
n M
edica en Enfermedades
Iztapalapa; 3Unidad de Investigacio
gicas, IMSS, M
Oncolo
exico D.F., Mexico; 4Department of
Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
n M
edica en Trombosis
IN, USA; 5Unidad de Investigacio
Hemostasia y Aterogenesis, IMSS, M
exico D.F., Mexico
Background: Endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) were described and
son after endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) were demonstrated. Our work group reported that ECFCs from patients with
venous thromboembolism (VT) show a dysfunctional state.
Aims: We investigated the potential of proliferation of long-life ECFCs associated with the presence of reactive oxygen species and senescence in patients with VT.
Methods: Mononuclear cells from peripheral blood of patients with
VT and blood donors (control) were obtained and ECFCs were identified by flow cytometry. ECFC-derived endothelial cells (ECs) from
patients VT and controls were serially passaged to determine their proliferative potential obtained over 120 days. Senescence was evaluated
by b-galactosidase reaction and reactive oxygen species (ROS) analyzed by flow cytometer. RNA isolated from ECFC-derived ECs was
evaluated by RT-PCR expression of ephrin 4 and ephrin 2. The study
protocol was reviewed and approved by the Human Ethical Committee of the IMSS, and conforms to the guidelines of the 1975 Declaration of Helsinki. Informed written consent was obtained from all
subjects before enrollment.
Results: None ECFC-derived ECs expressed antigens of hematopoietic
or mesenquimal cells however both groups expressed antigens of endothelial cells. The ability to proliferate in control cells was increased and
they could be expanded for at least 35 population doublings (PDs). In
contrast, proliferation was reduced in ECFC-derived EC from patients
with VT because they were passaged only during 20 PDs with an
increased senescence as evaluated from VT patients as compared with
those obtained from control. Ephrin 4 significantly was more
expressed in ECFCs from VT patients vs. controls.
Conclusion: Our data suggest an abnormality in the mechanisms
related with the cell cycle of ECFCs in VT patients resembling some
characteristics of dysfunctional ECs like ROS production and senescence. These findings may help to understand some pathophysiological
aspects of VT.
ABSTRACTS
Animal models I
PO021-MON
Plasmin, not thrombin, activates complement in
arterial and venous thrombosis
Foley JH1,2, Walton BL3, OByrne A1, Lei V1, Foley KA4,
Degen JL5, Wolberg AS3 and Conway EM1
1
Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia,
Vancouver, Canada; 2University College London, London, UK;
3
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University
of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA; 4Cancer care
and epidemiology, Queens University, Kingston, Canada;
5
Experimental Hematology and Cancer and Blood Diseases
Institute, Cincinnati Childrens Hospital Medical Center,
Cincinnati, USA
Background: Strong evidence indicates that there is cross-talk between
complement and coagulation. This is highlighted by reports that
thrombin (IIa) cleaves and activates complement C5. The physiologic
relevance of this interaction has not been fully tested in vitro or in
models of thrombosis.
Aims: To assess the efficiency of IIa, fXa and plasmin (Pn) in generating C3a and C5a in vitro and in murine models of arterial (AT) and
venous thrombosis (VT).
Methods: C3a, C5a, and thrombin-antithrombin (TAT) were quantified by ELISA in vitro and in murine FeCl3-induced AT and IVC-stasis
induced VT. Some arterial thrombi were thrombolysed with a plasminogen (Pg) activator.
Results: In AT (n = 33), C3a correlated strongly with C5a (r = 0.82,
P < 0.0001) but TAT did not (r = 0.04) suggesting that (complement) convertases, not IIa, generate C5a in AT. By contrast, C3a was
poorly correlated with C5a in VT (n = 14; r = 0.05). Interestingly,
clot weight (CW) was strongly correlated with C5a (r = 0.78,
P < 0.001) in VT, suggesting that processes triggered during VT drive
C5a generation. TAT and C5a were poorly correlated (r = 0.47,
P = 0.093) in VT, suggesting that IIa does not directly activate C5 in
VT. To establish a link between CW and C5a we used in vitro assays
and found that the catalytic efficiency of C5a generation by Pn
(2.3 9 104 M1s1) far exceeded that of IIa or fXa, and was similar to
that published for convertases. To characterize C5a generation by Pn
in vivo, we thrombolysed arterial thrombi and observed a ~2-fold
increase in C5a levels, suggesting that Pn generates C5a in vivo. C3a
was increased by a similar margin despite being poorly cleaved by IIa,
fXa and Pn in vitro. Unchallenged Pg/ mice had significantly lower
levels of C5a, lending further support for Pn as a convertase.
Conclusion: Our data are consistent with Pn (or a downstream substrate) being a bona fide convertase during thrombosis in vivo. Future
work will assess this interaction in human disease.
Disclosure of Interest: J. Foley: None Declared, B. Walton: None
Declared, A. OByrne: None Declared, V. Lei: None Declared, K. Foley: None Declared, J. Degen: None Declared, A. Wolberg: None
Declared, E. Conway Grant/Research Support from: Biogen Idec.
PO022-MON
Establishment of a vascular injury model
demonstrating different efficacies of antithrombotic
agents on thrombus formation in mice
Tang C1, Lei D2, Huang L2, Wang G2 and Zhu L1
1
The Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University,
Suzhou; 2Bioengineering College, Chongqing University,
Chongqing, China
Background: Several thrombosis models have been used to investigate
the mechanism of thrombus formation in live animals and they each
273
have advantages and disadvantages that include non-pathophysiological injury and impractically complicated manipulation.
Aims: The objective of this study was to develop a well-controlled
mouse model of mechanical injury that can be used to evaluate the efficacy of antithrombotic drugs in inhibiting thrombus formation in vivo.
Methods: The mechanical injury was exerted upon the abdominal
aorta by pinching with hemostatic forceps for either 15 (moderate
injury) or 60 (severe injury) seconds. Thrombus formation was monitored for 20 min in real time using a fluorescent microscope coupled to
a CCD camera.
Results: In the moderate injury, the mean maximal size of the thrombi
was 0.2954 0.01503 mm2, and the mean AUC (area under the
curve) was 165.2 17.29 mm2 with one typical peak of thrombus size.
Upon the severe injury, the mean maximal size of the thrombus was
0.7300 0.04043 mm2 and AUC was 600.5 37.77 mm2 with additional peaks of thrombus size. Interestingly, administration of clinical
drugs inhibited the formation of thrombi to different extent. Aspirin
reduced the thrombus size in the severe injury by 40% (P = 0.0016,
n = 5) compared to untreated animals, but had no significant effect on
the thrombus formation in the group upon the moderate injury
(P = 0.3623, n = 4). Drugs targeting GP IIb-IIIa (eptifibatide), ADP
receptor P2Y1 (MRS2500) and P2Y12 (clopidogrel), and thrombin
(hirudin) alleviated thrombus size by 94.1%, 64.7%, 67.6% and
55.9%, respectively upon the moderate injury, while the thrombus size
decreased by 79.7%, 62.7%, 66.1% and 49.1%, respectively in the
severe injury.
Conclusion: We have established a simple vascular injury model with
optimal reproducibility and feasibility that allows us to evaluate the
efficacy of anti-thrombotic drugs.
This study was funded by National Natural Science Fundation of
China (grant no. 31300781).
PO023-MON
Ferric chloride-induced venous thrombosis model in
rats: finding the optimal concentration of ferric
chloride
Alekseeva P1 and Pitukhina N2
1
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology; 2Laboratory of
Pharmacological Research, Saint Petersburg State Chemical
Pharmaceutical Academy, Saint Petersburg, Russia
Background: Experimental animal models remain the essential component in studies of venous thrombosis. One of the models that are
widely used in research is ferric chloride (FeCl3)-induced thrombosis.
However the protocols for the model vary greatly in terms of FeCl3
concentrations applied, favouring higher (up to 60%) concentration
that may lead to quick uncontrolled vessel occlusion resistant to antithrombotic agents.
Aims: This study was designed to determine the range of ferric chloride
concentrations adequate for consistent vessel occlusion all the while
sensitive to antithrombotics for better use of this model in both basic
thrombosis research and screening of new and potential anticoagulants.
Methods: All procedures involving laboratory animals were approved
by SPCPA Bioethical Committee. Outbred albino male rats (370
400 g, n = 30) were anesthetized (chloral hydrate 400 mg kg1 in saline, IP). Ferric chloride (FeCl3) in different concentrations (from
2.5% to 20%) was applied directly to the previously exposed inferior
vena cava (IVC) for 10 min to induce thrombosis. One minute prior to
FeCl3 application rats received either 100 U kg1 of heparin or 0.9%
saline intravenously. Ultrasound contact gel was applied directly to
the IVC. Thrombus formation was monitored by ultrasound system
with 22 MHz transducer.
274
ABSTRACTS
Results: Images of the IVC were obtained every 5 min (total time
75 min). Maximum surface area of the forming clot was measured in
axial and transversal view. Heparin completely suppressed clot propagation induced by 2.5% FeCl3, significantly inhibited it in groups
where clotting was induced by 5% and 10% FeCl3, but showed little
affect on 10% FeCl3 group and no influence on 20% FeCl3-group
compared to saline.
Conclusion: Our preliminary data suggests that the optimal range of
ferric chloride concentration for modeling venous thrombosis in rats
lies between 5% and 15%. The second series of experiments with smaller concentration intervals to narrow down and clarify the range is currently in progress.
PO025-MON
Thrombin generation in zebrafish
Schurgers E1,2, Moorlag M1,2, Kelchtermans H1,2, Hemker C1,2
and de Laat B1,2
1
Maastricht, University of Maastricht; 2Synapse BV, Maastricht,
The Netherlands
Background: Recently, whole blood (WB) calibrated automated
thrombogram (CAT) was miniaturized enabling the measurement of
thrombin generation (TG) in a limited volume (5 lL) of WB. Consequently, this approach may be used to determine TG in small lab animals. Zebrafish are readily available test animals for genetic research.
However, their small size has been a hurdle in thrombosis and hemostasis research since most assays require large amounts of plasma.
Aims: To verify the possibility to measure TG in zebrafish using our
newly developed miniaturized WB assay.
Methods: For TG, 5 lL of WB was mixed with 5 lL of buffer containing a rhodamin-based thrombin-sensitive P2Rho substrate (final concentration (fc) 300 lM). 5 lL of this mixture was put on a paper disk
and covered with mineral oil to prevent evaporation. Calibration was
done as described (Ninivaggi et al. Clin Chem 2012) by adding 5 lL of
WB to 5 lL of a mixture containing P2Rho (fc 300 lM), a2M-thrombin calibrator (fc 100 nM) and citrate (fc 9.8 mM). Fluorescence was
detected with a fluorometer (570 nm).
Results: Due to their limited blood volume, it is impossible to perform
both a TG and calibrator measurement on one fish. Since calibrator
measurements performed on blood from different fish demonstrated
variation < 20%, the average calibrator slope was used for calculations. TG measured in individual fish showed same amounts of interindividual variation as in humans. Striking differences with human
TG were the short lag time, high peak and high velocity index. Further
analysis of the fibrin network of the clot, by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), showed a much denser network compared to
humans.
Conclusion: These results demonstrate the feasibility of measuring TG
in WB collected from zebrafish. Consequently, zebrafish may be used
as a in vivo model to test the effect of (novel) therapeutics on TG and
serve as a model organism for mechanistical research in thrombosis
and haemostasis.
PO026-MON
Clot contraction and polyhedrocytes in clots formed
after saphenous vein puncture in the mouse
Weisel JW1, Nagaswami C1, Xu Y2, Chernysh IN1, de Lange Z1,
Kosolapova S1, Leong L2, Kauser K2 and Sim D2
1
Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of
Pennsylvania Sch of Medicine, Philadelphia; 2Hematology
Research, Bayer HealthCare, San Francisco, USA
Background: Little has been known about the structure and composition of contracted (retracted) blood clots or thrombi. During the contraction of blood clots in vitro, fibrin and platelets, initially
homogeneously arranged throughout the clot, are redistributed primarily to the exterior, and erythrocytes on the interior are compressed
to form a tightly packed array of polyhedra, called polyhedrocytes.
Although polyhedrocytes have been found in some coronary artery
thrombi, they are not a primary component.
Aims: The major objective was to study the composition of venous
clots formed during vascular injury, and to quantify their components,
including the presence of erythrocytes (normal, polyhedrocytes, intermediates), leukocytes, platelets, fibrin, and microparticles.
Methods: The saphenous vein of C57B6 mice was exposed and punctured with a 23G needle. The clots were dissected out together with the
vessel, washed, fixed, and prepared for and examined by scanning electron microcopy.
Results: The images of these venous clots were quantified, accounting
for all structures observed. We found that in the 18,348 structures
quantified, polyhedrocytes and intermediate forms of compressed erythrocytes were a major component of these clots, making up about
43% of the volume, with only 2% biconcave erythrocytes. Other components were: fibrin, 40%; platelets, 10%; microparticles, 4%; leukocytes, 1%. Clots very commonly contained closely packed
polyhedrocytes surrounded by fibrin and platelets, as observed in contracted clots in vitro.
Conclusion: These results demonstrate that polyhedrocytes are generated in vivo during hemostasis of large vein injury. Since polyhedrocytes surrounded by a meshwork of fibrin and platelets form a nearly
impermeable barrier, they could physically limit blood loss, and stabilize the clots by preventing access to fibrinolytic enzymes. Therefore,
polyhedrocytes could be used to assess bleeding or thrombotic risk
and response to therapy.
Disclosure of Interest: J. Weisel Grant/Research Support from: Bayer
Healthcare, C. Nagaswami: None Declared, Y. Xu Employee of: Bayer HealthCare, I. Chernysh: None Declared, Z. de Lange: None
Declared, S. Kosolapova: None Declared, L. Leong Employee of: Bayer Healthcare, K. Kauser Employee of: Bayer Healthcare, D. Sim
Employee of: Bayer Healthcare.
PO027-MON
Beneficial therapeutic properties of dietary alphalinolenic acid (ALA) in a mouse model of sickle cell
disease
scher TF3 and Beer JH1,2
Stivala S1,2, Gobbato S1, Reiner MF1, Lu
1
Laboratory for Platelet Research, Center for Molecular
Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren; 2Internal Medicine,
Cantonal Hospital Baden, Baden; 3Cardiology, University
Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic disease characterized
by complex manifestations and is associated with high morbidity and
mortality. Small trials in patients have shown potentially promising
results of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids.
Aims: Due to the risks and limited access related to the consumption
of fishery products, we hypothesized that the plant-derived omega-3
ABSTRACTS
ALA has therapeutic effects in SCD, since our earlier studies have
indicated its anti-thrombotic, anti-inflammatory and anti-platelet
effects.
Methods: Eight-week-old Berkeley mice were put on a diet with a low(0.03%) or a high- (7.3%) ALA content for 4 weeks. Blood was analysed for reticulocytes and reticulated platelets, neutrophils/RBC/platelet aggregates, platelet activation, neutrophils PSGL-1, sickle cells.
Endothelial VCAM-1, ICAM-1, P-selectin and vWF expression was
evaluated in sections form aorta. Spleen, liver, lungs and kidney were
stained with H/E and evaluated for necroses.
Results: Four-weeks feeding with a high-ALA diet did not change the
% of reticulocytes nor reticulated platelets compared to the low-ALA
group, but reduced the platelets/neutrophils aggregates (LA 83.5% vs.
HA 67.6%, n = 8, P = 0.03). Platelet P-selectin at basal level was significantly reduced in the high-ALA mice (MFI: 288 LA vs. 86 HA,
n = 8, P = 0.01), as well as activated integrin IIbIIIa (MFI: 298 LA vs.
90 HA, P = 0.06). Accordingly, PSGL-1 expression on neutrophils
was also reduced by ALA (MFI: 3629 LA vs. 2189 HA, n = 3,
P = 0.01). GpIb expression was higher on high-ALA platelets, confirming reduced activation (MFI: 884 LA vs. 1294 LA, n = 8,
P = 0.04). Endothelial VCAM and ICAM were also significantly
reduced in aortae form high-ALA mice (VCAM area: 1640 um2 LA
vs. 658 HA, P = 0.002; ICAM: 3599 um2 LA vs. 1170 HA, P = 0.01).
Conclusion: Dietary ALA inhibits platelets, neutrophils and endothelial cell activation in a murine model of SCD, thus representing a possible ubiquitous and readily available therapeutic agent for sickle cell
disease.
PO028-MON
Rabbit model of ferric chloride-induced carotid arterial
thrombosis optimized for translational drug discovery
Wang X, Kurowski S, Zhou X, Wu W, Wismer M, Chu L and
Seiffert D
Merck, Kenilworth, USA
Background: Animal models of thrombosis are important tools in
thrombosis research and drug discovery.
Aims: The purpose of this work is to establish a rabbit model of carotid arterial thrombosis suitable for drug discovery in comparison of
electrical injury and/or ferric chloride (FeCl3)-injury of the carotid
artery.
Methods: Male New Zealand White rabbits were subjected to electrically or FeCl3 induced carotid arterial thrombosis. A number of variables have been evaluated for electrical injury. A range of FeCl3
concentrations (1050%) has been assessed to demonstrate the consistent and complete occlusion of the carotid artery. Thrombus formation was measured by a Doppler blood flowmeter (quantitated by
means of area under the curve) and validated by thrombus weight.
Apixaban (a FXa inhibitor) and clopidogrel (a P2Y12 antagonist)
were applied to validate the utility of FeCl3 injury as an efficacy
model.
Results: Under the most optimal conditions of all the key variables for
the electrically induced carotid arterial thrombosis, this model failed
to deliver the consistent and complete occlusion of the vessel. In contrast, FeCl3 injury model was more consistent and easy to operate
after the optimization of FeCl3 at 50% concentration. Under our
refined conditions of FeCl3 injury, both apixaban and clopidogrel
dose-dependently inhibited arterial thrombus formation, with ED50 of
0.09 mg kg1 per h, i.v. and 1.27 mg kg1, p.o. for apixaban and
clopidogrel, respectively. Plasma drug exposure and activated partial
thromboplastin time (aPTT) and prothrombin time (PT) assays were
used to confirm drug effects for apixaban, and ADP-induced platelet
aggregation for clopidogrel.
275
Conclusion: The present study demonstrated the technical challenge of

the electrical injury thrombosis model and its inferior to the FeCl3
injury model in rabbit, and showed that the feasibility of FeCl3 injury
as an efficacy model for translational drug discovery research.
PO029-MON
Dissection of the therapeutic efficacy of fix-triple for
reducing haemophilic arthropathy in hemophilia B
using a blood-induced joint injury murine model
Zheng G-Y1, Yang S-J1, Chen C-Y1, Tao M-H2, Hsu Y-C3, Yu I-S4,
Yang S-F1 and Lin S-W1,3,4
1
Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical
Biotechnology, National Taiwan University; 2Institute of
Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica; 3Center for Genomic
Medicine; 4Laboratory Animal Center, College of Medicine,
National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
Background: Bleeding into joints that consequently develops into
haemophilic arthropathy (HA) is the most common morbidity of haemophilia, and impacts negatively on quality of life. Patients are treated
with factor IX, a clotting factor essential for hemophilia B. Despite
high quality plasma-derived and recombinant factor IX protein products having been readily available for several decades, many patients
still suffer from HA. This suggests that the current FIX products are
not protective against HA. We suspect that this may be due to the low
trough level of the FIX products currently used. We previously demonstrated that the activity FIX-Triple (FIX-V86A/E277A/R338A) is
superior to FIX-WT (wild-type) in gene therapy and in protein
replacement therapy for hemophilia B. Moreover, we found that
hemophilia B mice treated with FIX-Triple maintained 10 times higher
basal activity than those treated with FIX-WT.
Aims: We aim to test whether FIX-Triple will be more effective than
FIX-WT in the reduction of HA incidence.
Methods: Gene transfer with adeno-associated virus (AAV) was performed on hemophilia B mice. Joint injury was induced by inserting a
30 G needle into the right knee joint of mice to create the haemorrhage-induced joint injury. Fourteen days after injury, mice were sacrificed and the parameters including appearance of joint, joint
diameter, visual bleeding score (VBS), and microCT imaging were
assessed.
Results: Mice treated with AAV-FIX-Triple showed 5.4-fold higher
specific clotting activity than those treated with AAV-FIX-WT. At
14 days following injury, using microCT imaging and VBS analyses
we observed a great improvement in pathological changes in the joints
and bones of mice treated with FIX-Triple compared to those with
FIX-WT. Mice receiving low viral vector doses to mimic those in low
trough FIX levels will be tested.
Conclusion: We conclude that FIX-Triple is a potential therapeutic
substitute for FIX-WT.
PO030-MON
Standardizing enoxaparin dosing in mouse models of
deep vein thrombosis
Rainey JP, Krus K, Myers DD, Wrobleski SK, Farris DM,
Hawley AE, Wakefield TW and Diaz JAA
Surgery, Vascular Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
Background: There are limitations to investigating venous thrombosis
(VT) in humans. Thus, mouse models of VT are critical for studying
mechanisms and testing new treatments. Enoxaparin (Lovenox), an
276
ABSTRACTS
anticoagulant used as the standard in VT research, serves as a control

for the development of new antithrombotic drugs. However, there
exists no published dosage data showing enoxaparins effectiveness in
mouse models of VT, supported by anti-Xa levels.
Aims: The objective of this work was to find an enoxaparin dose that
produces anti-Xa levels in the therapeutic range (0.51.0 IU mL1)
and significantly reduces thrombus weight (TW) in a flow and stasis
VT model.
Methods: Male, 10 weeks old, C57BL/6 mice underwent either the
Electrolytic Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) Model (EIM), or the IVC Ligation Model. Groups: Non-VT (n = 9), VT controls no treatment
(n = 10) and VT enoxaparin groups (n = 5per group) given in doses of
3, 4, 5, or 6 mg kg1, once daily, subcutaneously, post-surgery.
Two days post-thrombosis blood was drawn for anti-Xa assays, and
the IVC/thrombus weighed.
Results: The 4, 5 and 6 mg kg1 EIM enoxaparin groups had average
therapeutic antiXa levels of: 0.56, 0.83 and 0.89 IU mL1, respectively, and in same ligation groups: 0.85, 0.81 and 0.83 IU mL1. In
the EIM, there was a significant decrease in TW of 6166% (P < 0.05)
for 5 and 6 mg kg1. The 3 and 4 mg kg1 enoxaparin group did not
yield significant TW reduction. The trend of the EIM experimental
groups showed an inverse relationship between dosing and TW. In the
ligation model, the therapeutic levels of anti-Xa levels were not
reflected in the TW. The maximum decrease of 29%, vs. VT control
group, was in enoxaparin 6 mg kg1 group.
Conclusion: These data reveal that for the EIM, 5 and 6 mg kg1 are
the proper doses to significantly reduce TW and reach therapeutic
anti-Xa levels. For the ligation model, 6 mg kg1 of enoxaparin is
indicated. This work standardizes the enoxaparin dosing in these two
mouse models of deep vein thrombosis.
PO031-MON
Generation of hemophilia B mice in NSG background
using CRISPR/Cas9 technology
Fan M-N1, Yu I-S2,3, Chang S-K3, Chou S-C4, Yen C-t1, Hsieh HW1, Lin S-W1,3 and Yang Y-L5
1
Graduate Institute of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical
Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University;
2
Laboratory Animal Center, College of Medicine, National
Taiwan University; 3Transgenic Mouse Model Core, Ministry of
Science and Technology; 4Department of Internal Medicine;
5
Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan
University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
Background: Hemophilia B is caused by mutations in the factor IX
gene. Approximately 35% of severe hemophilia B patients develop
inhibitors after treatment with factor IX protein products. The inhibitors disable the function of infused FIX and patients are thereafter difficult to treat with the same factor IX products. The cause and risk
factors for inhibitor development are not fully understood. A humanized mouse model will facilitate the investigation of mechanism(s) for
the development of inhibitors.
Aims: The aim of this study was to establish a factor IX deficient
mouse model in the NOD scid IL2rg/ (Hemo B-NSG) genetic background.
Methods: CRISPR/Cas9 technology was used in this study. An oligonucleotide of 20 residues was designed for generating gRNA that targets the exon 1 of factor IX. The oligo was ligated to a T7 promoter
sequence for in-vitro transcription to generate the gRNA. The
CRISPR/Cas9 RNA was also in-vitro transcribed from a commercially
available cDNA clone. The gRNA and the CRISPR/Cas 9 RNA was
microinjected into the NSG mice zygote to generate founders.
Results: A total of 14 founders (6 male and 8 female) were analyzed
for mutations in the factor IX gene. Of these, 3 contained mutations in
the factor IX gene. Two of the 3 were male and female containing the
same mutation that had an 8 nucleotide deletion (from the 6th to 14th
nucleotide after the A nucleotide of the 1st ATG) resulting in a premature stop codon at the 30th amino acid residue in exon 1. The other
was a female mouse that contained a 2-nucleotide deletion at the 14th
and 15th position that results in a premature stop codon at the 32nd
amino acid residue in exon 1 of factor IX.
Conclusion: CRISPR/Cas9 technology is a very efficient method to
generate hemophilia B disease model in a rare and difficult to breed
mice. Our hemophilia B NSG mice will be a very good model for
studying human immune response to factor IX products.
PO032-MON
Acute bone loss in FVIII and FIX but not VWF deficient
mice from joint injury
Bateman T1, Hanna WB2, Lau AG1, Livingston EW1, Sun J2,
Heymann D3 and Monahan PE2
1
Biomedical Engineering; 2Gene Therapy Center, University of
North Carolina At Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA; 3INSERM U957,
Universit
e de Nantes, Nantes, France
Background: While joint damage is the primary co-morbidity of hemophilia, osteoporosis and increased fracture risk are also observed. We
have previously shown that FVIII deficient mice develop an osteoporotic phenotype without hemarthrosis that is exacerbated 2 weeks
after an induced joint injury. For this study, the work is expanded to
include examination of FIX and vWF deficient mice. Reported here
are bone changes as examined by microCT, but serum chemistry and
histological analyses were also performed.
Aims: To examine the osteoporotic phenotype in three transgenic
strains of mice with coagulation disorders and determine the relative
contribution of reduced bone mass through development and induced
joint injury.
Methods: Three transgenic strains of mice were used in this study, with
each strain having corresponding littermate WT controls: FVIII/,
FIX/, and vWF/. Half of the mice from each group were subjected to a unilateral joint hemorrhage of the left knee at 22-weeks of
age (INJ), while the other half were uninjured (UINJ). All mice were
euthanized at 24-weeks of age. Hind limbs were processed for microCT; proximal tibia trabecular vBMD, and distal femur periosteal
surface roughness ratio (SRR) are reported.
Results: Both UINJ FVIII/ and UINJ FIX/ groups had lower
vBMD (28% and 16%, respectively P < 0.05), but not the UINJ
vWF/ group, when compared to UINJ WT groups. INJ did not
cause bone loss in any of the WT groups. For INJ FVIII/ and INJ
FIX/ groups, but not INJ vWF/, there was additional bone loss
in the INJ limb compared to the UINJ limb (vBMD 30% and
24%, respectively). For SRR analysis, WT or UINJ groups were
unaffected. INJ FVIII/, INJ FIX/ and INJ vWF/ groups had
significant changes in INJ limb SRR compared to UINJ limb (7%,
8%, 1%, respectively).
Conclusion: FVIII/ and FIX/ mice, but not vWF/ mice, developmentally have an osteoporotic phenotype. Unilateral induced hemarthrosis causes an acute loss of additional bone.
Disclosure of Interest: T. Bateman Grant/Research Support from: Baxter Pharmaceuticals and Novo Nordisk, W. Hanna Grant/Research
Support from: Baxter Pharmaceuticals and Novo Nordisk, A. Lau:
None Declared, E. Livingston Grant/Research Support from: Baxter
Pharmaceuticals and Novo Nordisk, J. Sun Grant/Research Support
from: Baxter Pharmaceuticals and Novo Nordisk, D. Heymann
Grant/Research Support from: Baxter Pharmaceuticals and Novo
Nordisk, P. Monahan Grant/Research Support from: Baxter Pharmaceuticals and Novo Nordisk.
ABSTRACTS
PO033-MON
Enoxaparin acutely worsens hemodynamic
measurements compared with tPA in a large animal
model of submassive pulmonary embolism
Beam DM, Kline JA and Neto-Neves EM
Emergency Medicine, Indiana University-School of Medicine,
Indianapolis, USA
Background: Our previous published swine model of autologous Pulmonary Embolism (PE) has proven to be similar to submassive PE in
humans. No model to date has compared treatments on the quantifiable hemodynamic parameters in an animal model of submassive PE
with autologous clot.
Aims: Test traditional therapies of a swine model of PE with autologous clot.
Methods: Sus scrofa were anesthetized and intubated. Invasive monitoring were placed in the femoral artery for ABP measurements and
Swan-Ganz catheter in the external jugular for pulmonary artery pressures (PAP), Cardiac Output (CO), and pulmonary vascular resistance
(PVR). Autologous clots were delivered via a large bore catheter in the
left external jugular until SBP< 90 mm Hg, PAP > 50 mm Hg or
EtCO2 < 40 torr. Treatment was either 1 mg kg1 of enoxaparin or
100 mg of tPA + enoxaparin. Measurements were recorded every
10 min. Clot was confirmed using echocardiography. Statistical tests
used were t-test with a Bonferroni correction.
Results: A total of 23 animals underwent experimentation. Average
clot burden was 20.21 g (SD 4.71) or 0.39% (SD 0.11). All animals showed similar increased in PVR (1617 192 dyne*S cm5),
RV:LV ratio (1.23 0.07), and PAP (53 1/27 1 mm Hg) after
clot induction. Interestingly, enoxaparin alone appeared to worsen the
hemodynamic measurements. Statistically significant heart rate
(77 21 vs. 66 9) and oxygen saturation (93 8 vs. 97 3) were
both higher with a subsequent lower etCO2 (40 8 vs. 46 4) compared to no treatment in the enoxaparin group. PVR (1075 186 vs.
1184 133) and RV:LV ratio (1.13 0.28 vs. 1.02 0.02) remained
comparable to no treatment with no statistical difference. In Contrast
tPA showed improved PAP (45 7/30 5), O2 sat (96 4), PVR
(813 378), and RV:LV ratio (0.89 0.04). No statistical difference
was seen in either group compared to controls in regards to CO, or
troponin.
Conclusion: Enoxaparin alone worsens while tPA + enoxaparin alleviate signs of RV strain in a controlled submassive swine model immediately after treatment.
PO034-MON
Genome-wide knockdowns in zebrafish to study
thrombocyte function
Jagadeeswaran P, Sundaramoorthi H and Khandekar G
Background: Thrombocytes are nucleated blood cells functionally
equivalent to mammalian platelets which play a primary role in hemostasis. A substantial amount of research has been done to study hemostasis in humans as well as in large animal models and has resulted in
the identification of more than two hundred hemostatic factors.
Despite these achievements, given the complexity of the vertebrate
genome, several hundred factors remain to be identified. We introduced zebrafish a vertebrate genetic model to study the genetics of hemostasis. However, the progress has been frustratingly slow due to the
lack of suitable technology. Therefore, we invented a novel piggyback
knockdown method that is both cost effective and germane to largescale knockdowns. We also designed a quantitative thrombocyte functional assay by the use of flow cytometry. Thus, it should be feasible to
277
perform genome-wide knockdowns and identify genes that affect

thrombocyte function.
Aims: The goal of this study is to perform genome-wide knockdowns
and to comprehensively identify most genes involved in thrombocyte
aggregation.
Methods: We used piggyback knockdown method and thrombcoyte
functional assay by flow cytometry in this study.
Results: Using this piggyback knockdown technology, and using
thrombocyte functional assay by flow cytometry, we have conducted
3000 gene knockdowns and have identified over 75 genes involved in
thrombocyte aggregation. Thus, by using the zebrafish model combined with the piggyback knockdown, it should be possible to establish a comprehensive list of genes involved in thrombocyte
aggregation.
Conclusion: This work marks the beginning of genome-wide screens to
study hemostasis by the rapid piggyback knockdown method.
Antiphospholipid syndrome I
PO035-MON
Brain white matter microscruture is altered in obstetric
antiphospholipid syndrome: evidences from diffusiontensor MRI in asymptomatic neurological patients
Gris J-CR1,2, Lavigne G1, Bouvier S1, Nouvellon E1, Mercier E1,
Pereira F3, Macri F3, Jackowski M3, Beregi J-P3 and Mekkaoui C3
1
University of Montpellier, Montpellier
Radiology, University Hospital Caremeau, Nimes, France: Background:
Various brain pathologies are described in the thrombotic antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). The impact of antiphospholipid antibodies
(aPLAbs) on brains of neurologically asymptomatic APS women with
only obstetric manifestations is however controversial. Brain Diffusion
Tensor MRI (DT-MRI) is a noninvasive method investigating neural
connectivity by means of the water diffusion through tissues: this
molecular 3D phenomenon reveals brain microstructural properties
such as the anisotropy or the diffusivity in local regions.
Aims: To study brain DT-MRI aspects in obstetric APS women, by
comparison to Control women sharing the same pregnancy loss antecedents. To analyse APS women after categorisation for aPLAb types.
Methods: We proposed brain DT-MRI to our regularly followed
cohort of non-thrombotic women with previous pregnancy loss
(NOH-APS), re-evaluated during a given month, with evidence of normal neuropsychiatric exams. Anisotropy level was accessed with fractional anisotropy (FA) index, diffusivity levels with mean and radial
diffusivity (MD, RD) indices. Results in APS women were analysed
according to the presence/absence of lupus-anticoagulant and/or antib2-glycoprotein I IgG antibodies.
Results: 148 APS and Control women were proposed DT-MRI, 66
APS and 17 Controls women accepted this exam. APS patients presented white-matter (WM) reduction of anisotropy, associated to WM
increase of diffusivity (MD and RD). The significance of these differences was more evident in APS women positive for lupus-anticoagulant (LA) and/or anti-b2-glycoprotein I IgG antibody (ab2GP1-G)
than in APS women negative for both.
Conclusion: In non-thrombotic women sharing pregnancy loss antecedents with a normal neuropsychiatric evaluation, APS women
showed DT-MRI aspects compatible with alteration of the axonal
structure and of the myelin which culminated in individuals positive
for LA and/or ab2GP1-G. These infraclinic abnormalities may pave
the way for future neuropsychiatric manifestations.
278
ABSTRACTS
PO036-MON
Thrombotic risk of reduced ADAMTS13 activity in
patients with antiphospholipid antibodies
Kim HK
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University,
Seoul, Korea
Background: Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disease in which antiphospholipid antibodies are generated. Previous
studies show concurrence of APS and thrombotic thrombocytopenic
purpura (TTP), therefore it is plausible to assume that anti-ADAMTS13 autoantibody is also involved in the pathophysiology of APS.
Aims: We investigated the clinical significance of ADAMTS13 activity
and anti-ADAMTS13 antibody in patients with antiphospholipid antibodies.
Methods: Two hundred sixteen patients with positive lupus anticoagulant and/or anticardiolipin antibody and twenty normal controls were
included in this study. ADAMTS13 activity and anti-ADAMTS13
antibody were measured using fluorescence resonance energy transfer
technology and ELISA, respectively.
Results: Reduced ADAMTS13 activity was observed in 40.3% (87/
216) of patients with antiphospholipid antibodies. Although 33.8%
(73/216) of patients were positive for anti-ADAMTS13 antibody, 41
of these 73 patients had normal levels of ADAMTS13 activity.
Reduced ADAMTS13 activity was a significant risk factor for
thrombotic events. Thrombotic events and age were independently
associated with the reduced level of ADAMTS13 activity. Presence of
anti-ADAMTS13 antibody did not show any association with the level
of ADAMTS13 activity. Patients with autoimmune diseases tended to
show higher levels of anti-ADAMTS13 antibody.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that reduced ADAMTS13 activity is
a significant thrombotic risk factor in patients with antiphospholipid
antibodies irrespective of the presence of anti-ADAMTS13 antibody.
Presence of anti-ADAMTS13 antibody is not seen with reduced activity and it tends to be increased in patients with autoimmune diseases.
PO037-MON
Mixing test specific cut-off is more sensitive at
detecting in vitro lupus anticoagulant inhibition than
the index of circulating anticoagulant
Moore GW1, Culhane AP1, Daw CR1, Noronha CP1 and
Kumano O2
1
Haemostasis and Thrombosis, Viapath at Guys and St. Thomas
Hospitals, London, UK; 2Hemostasis Product Engineering, Sysmex
Corporation, Kobe, Japan
Background: Recent guidelines for lupus anticoagulant (LA) detection
recommend assessing mixing tests for evidence of inhibition with either
a mixing test-specific cut-off ratio (MTC) or the index of circulating
anticoagulant (ICA). There are no studies directly comparing the diagnostic efficacy of both approaches.
Aims: To retrospectively apply MTC and ICA assessment to raw data
of 350 LA-positive plasmas from non-anticoagulated patients to compare detection rates of inhibition.
Methods: Screen and confirm dilute Russells viper venom time
(dRVVT) and dilute activated partial thromboplastin time (dAPTT)
assays were performed on undiluted plasma and 1:1 mixtures with normal pooled plasma on an automated, photo-optical clot detection
coagulation analyser. Coagulation screening excluded other causes of
elevated clotting times and undisclosed anticoagulation. Samples were
considered LA-positive if one or both screening test ratios were above
locally derived cut-offs and were corrected by 10% with the confirmatory test. Mixing tests were assessed against locally derived cut-offs
for MTC (dRVVT > 1.13, dAPTT > 1.15) and ICA (dRVVT
> 11.9%, dAPTT > 13.2%).
Results: One hundred five of 350 (30%) were positive in dRVVT and
dAPTT, 109/350 (31.1%) were dRVVT positive only and 136/350 were
dAPTT positive only (38.9%), from undiluted plasma results. Of the
214 dRVVT positive plasmas, 53 (24.8%) were negative for inhibition
by MTC and 65 (30.4%) negative by ICA. Of the 241 dAPTT positive
plasmas, 48 (19.2%) were negative for inhibition by MTC and 97
(40.2%) negative by ICA.
Conclusion: Whilst integrated testing often reveals the presence of LAs
without mixing tests they are useful in certain circumstances and
improve diagnostic specificity. Thus, it is valuable to maximise the
diagnostic potential of mixing tests in LA detection as the dilution
effect can lead to false-negative results. These data on a large cohort of
LA-positive plasmas reveal that MTC is superior to ICA in detecting
the in vitro inhibition of LA.
Disclosure of Interest: G. Moore: None Declared, A. Culhane: None
Declared, C. Daw: None Declared, C. Noronha: None Declared, O.
Kumano Employee of: Sysmex Corporation.
PO038-MON
A multicontrol kit for antiphospholipid and antiplatelet factor 4-heparin antibodies: nine different
analytes in a single vial
Puig J, Cavalcanti F, Torres R, Matilla S, Serra J and Marti T
R&D, Biokit R&D, Llic
a dAmunt, Spain
Background: At present, the quality control of antiphospholipid (aPL)
and anti-Platelet Factor 4 (PF4)-heparin antibodies measured with the
HemosIL AcuStar assay panel is carried out by assessing two controls (low and high) for each assay. It is necessary to use several control vials to confirm the quality of the assay panel. Including all of
these antibodies in the same preparation permits the use of a single vial
for each level of Quality Control thereby minimizing the number of
materials required.
Aims: To check the performance of the HemosIL AcuStar Multi-Ab
Controls (Instrumentation Laboratory, Bedford, MA, USA) kit in
terms of precision, real-time stability, on-board and daily/weekly use
stability, when used for the Quality Control of nine assays: anti-2GPI
IgM, anti-cardiolipin (aCL) IgM, anti-2GPI IgG, anti-2GPI
Domain 1, aCL IgG, anti-2GPI IgA, aCL IgA, HIT-Ab and HITIgG.
Methods: AcuStar Multi-Ab Controls are prepared by means of a dedicated process and contain different concentrations of human antiphospholipid antibodies (IgG, IgM, and IgA) and a humanized PF4Heparin monoclonal antibody. The performance has been assessed following Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute protocols.
Results: Total precision (% CV) of the different analytes has been
between 2.57.3% (low level) and 2.16.3%.(high level). Real-time stability at 28 C of the Control kit is 12 months. On-board stability of
the open vial continuously on-board of the ACL AcuStar analyzer is
10 h. Daily usage (1 session of 45 min per day), 11 uses over 14 days
and the weekly usage (1 session of 45 min per week), 11 uses over
10 weeks.
Conclusion: HemosIL AcuStar Multi-Ab Controls can be used for the
Quality Control of seven aPL assays and two anti-PF4-Heparin assays
on the ACL AcuStar analyzer with an equivalent performance to the
individual Quality Control materials.
Disclosure of Interest: J. Puig Employee of: Biokit R&D, F. Cavalcanti
Employee of: Biokit R&D, R. Torres Employee of: Biokit R&D, S.
Matilla Employee of: Biokit R&D, J. Serra Employee of: Biokit R&D.
ABSTRACTS
PO039-MON
Persistent lupus anticoagulant in clinical settings other
than antiphospholipid syndrome
Remotti L, Grosso SH, Ingratti MF, Vera Morandini MP,
Bermejo EI, Luceros AS, Meschengieser SS, Lazzari MA and
Blanco AN
Hemostasia y Trombosis, Academia Nacional De Medicina,
CABA, Argentina
Background: Lupus anticoagulant (LA) can be present in asymptomatic subjects or patients with clinical symptoms other than antiphospholipid syndrome (APS).
Aims: In order to assess the presence and persistence of LA in subjects
with or without clinical criteria for APS (APScc), a 3 year retrospective analysis (20142011) was done. Patients with APScc and subjects
with other pathologies or LA+ tests were included. All LA+ were reevaluated (after > 12 weeks).
Methods: Subjects: 263 individuals were included; 211 (APSC) had at
least one APScc, 52 (NO-APSC) were tested because they had pathologies possibly associated with LA (33) or LA+ results (19). Laboratory:
routine tests (PT,TT), sensitive APTT and dRVVT were done; mixing/
confirmatory tests were carried out on prolonged tests.
Results: LA+ (SSC-ISTH criteria) was detected in 185 subjects (142
APSC and 43 NO-APSC) (1st study). Among NO-APSC, LA+ was
seen in bleeders (10/43), asymptomatic subjects (family history of
bleeding or thrombosis) (9/43) and other pathologies (24/43) (infertility:15; chronic renal failure on haemodialysis:7; coronary arterial disease:2).
The 2nd study showed persistent LA in 100/211 APSC (47.4%) and
33/52 NO-APSC (63.5%), including 8/10 bleeders, 6/9 asymptomatic
and 19/24 subjects with other manifestation (infertility: 5 had transient LA). Interestingly 8/33 (24.2%) were bleeders; 5/8 had other
abnormal tests that maybe would explain their symptoms (platelets
dysfunction:2; hyperfibrinolysis:1; low FXI:1; low Fg + low platelet
count:1).
Among APSC, 42/142 became LA- in the 2nd study; 19/42 were considered transient LA (LA- in a 3rd study) and 23/42 require a 3rd evaluation in order to define persistence.
Conclusion: Persistent LA is a frequent finding in asymptomatic subjects and in patients with bleeding history. A careful analysis of laboratory results should be done, even if the diagnosis of an haemorrhagic
disorder is not always achieved.
PO040-MON
How appropriate is the antiphospholipid antibodies
testing at Siriraj Hospital?
Chinthammitr Y1, Thaweekhot T1, Tientadakul P2 and
Tantanate C2
1
Medicine; 2Clinical Pathology, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol
University, Bangkok, Thailand
Background: Diagnosis(Dx) of antiphospholipid syndrome(APS)
requires 1 clinical event (thrombosis/pregnancy morbidity) and 1
positive antiphospholipid antibodies(aPL) test on 2 times
12 weeks apart.
Aims: To evaluate how appropriate aPL tests were sent and identify
factors associated with the Dx of APS and positive aPL test
Methods: Retrospective chart review of 402 patients (292 women) with
aPL tests during Feb 2011 and Jan 2012 was done. The appropriateness of sending aPL tests according to the aPL Subcommittee of the
ISTH guidelines 2009, was categorized into three levels (low, medium
and high). Patients with clinical criteria with 1 positive aPL test on 1
occasion only was defined as possible APS.
279
Results: The median age was 41 years (range 1890). Clinical events
included thrombosis (58.4%), which comprised venous thromboembolism(VTE;36.6%) and/or arterial thrombosis(AT; 25.9%) and pregnancy morbidity (11.5%). The coexisting diseases included SLE
(28.9%), other autoimmune(27.9%) and malignancy(8.2%). Indication for aPL testing included Dx of APS(78%), Dx of SLE(15.9%)
and others(6%). Dx of APS was made in 66(16.4%) patients (31 definite and 35 possible APS). For the indication for Dx of APS, the level
of appropriateness of testing was mostly in high level(50%) while
33.1% and 16.9% was in low and medium levels. Compared to the low
level of appropriateness of testing, the high level significantly associated with definite APS (OR 11.5; 95% CI 2.649.6). In multivariate
analysis, AIHA (OR 11.8; 3.539.5) and thrombosis at age 45 years
(OR 3.3; 1.28.6) were associated with definite APS. In multivariate
analysis, factors significantly associated with a positive aPL test were
hemoglobin < 10 g dL1 (OR 5.6; 1.520.5) and ITP (OR 7.0; 1.0
47.6) whereas explained AT was negatively associated (OR 0.12; 0.03
0.43).
Conclusion: aPL testing at Siriraj hospital was mostly in high to medium appropriateness levels. AIHA and thrombosis at age 45 years
correlated with definite APS. Anemia and ITP associated with positive
aPL test.
PO041-MON
Thrombomodulin down-regulation is related to the
thrombosis risk in antiphospholipid syndrome patients
Kumano O1,2, Ieko M2, Naito S2, Yoshida M2, Takahashi N2,
Suzuki T1,2 and Aoki T2
1
Sysmex, Kobe; 2Health Sciences University of Hokkaido,
Ishikari-Tobetsu, Japan
Background: Antiphospholipid antibody (aPL) is associated with an
increased risk of thrombosis. Although tissue factor (TF) up-regulation in cultured endothelial cells and monocytes was reported, the
thrombosis mechanism remains unknown.
Aims: We focused on thrombomodulin (TM) to suppress thrombosis
and investigated whether the expression was affected by aPL.
Methods: IgG in normal and APS patient were purified by Protein G
column. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were incubated in
medium () IgG, 0.2 mg mL1 normal IgG, 0.2 mg mL1 aPL IgG,
respectively. Medium includes 5 mg mL1 b2GPI, 10 ng mL1 LPS
and 2% FBS, and HUVEC were incubated with each IgG for 4 h.
mRNA levels of TF and TM were measured by RT-PCR. In addition,
5 mM cAMP was added to the medium to investigate the effect. The
mRNA level in (-) IgG was defined as 100%.
Results: TF mRNA levels in () IgG, normal IgG and aPL IgG were
100%, 120% and 215%, respectively. In this situation, TM mRNA
levels were 100%, 72% and 43%, respectively. For 5 mM cAMP, TF
mRNA levels were 68%, 66% and 61%, respectively, and TM mRNA
levels were 161%, 112% and 74%, respectively.
Conclusion: TM mRNA level was decreased in medium with aPL, and
cAMP enhanced this effect. The decreasing of TM to suppress coagulation is related to thrombosis, and it was considered that one of the
thrombosis mechanism of APS was TM expression decreasing. Furthermore, TF expression was not increased in high cAMP concentration, while decreasing of TM expression was recognized. cAMP was
stimulated by several signals such as shear stress, and also relates to
the thrombosis risk. Thrombosis in Antiphospholipid syndrome
patients could be derived from not only TF up-regulation but also TM
down-regulation.
Disclosure of Interest: O. Kumano Employee of: Sysmex, M. Ieko
Grant/Research Support from: Sysmex, S. Naito: None Declared, M.
Yoshida: None Declared, N. Takahashi: None Declared, T. Suzuki
Employee of: Sysmex, T. Aoki: None declared.
280
ABSTRACTS
PO042-MON
Use of D Dimer in biological control of pregnancy
Otero AM, Lena AM, Lisa ED, Attarian D, Pons E, Pou R, Mota N,
Domnguez G, Santos SDL and Carrizo C
LABORATORIO, Ceaht (Centro Especializado en Enfermedades
de la Hemostasis y Trombosis, Montevideo, Uruguay
Background: Use of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) and lowdose aspirin has been accepted as the best treatment for pregnant
women with antiphospholipid syndrome since many years ago In spite
of this treatment being very effective, many patients present complications. Anti-Xa only gives information about the level of heparinemia.
Aims: Demonstrate that D-Dimer ELISA, as a marker of coagulation
activation, would be useful to detect pregnancy complications and
decide the increase of LMWH dose if necessary, in pregnant women
with antiphospholipid syndrome
Methods: A total of 220 pregnant women with antiphospholipid syndrome treated with LMWH.
D-dimer was determined monthly by ELISA methodology (Asserachrom D-DI (Diagnostica Stago, France).
It was considered an abrupt increase of DDimer, when the title
increased at least twice, comparing results from one month to the next
month.
We calculated the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of D-dimer ELISA to detect pregnancy complications in
pregnant women with antiphospholipid syndrome, treated with
LMWH.
Complications during pregnancy where confirmed by eco Doppler.
Results: The fifth part of women included in this study presented an
abrupt increase in D dimers, 88% of them presented pregnancy complications, 6% presented urinary infection and there were not causes
that explained the abrupt increase in 6%. Considering the remaining
4/5 parts of the patients, only 2% presented pregnancy complications,
in spite of not having presented an abrupt increase of D dimers.
Conclusion: D-dimer ELISA has a high sensitivity and specificity for
detecting complications during pregnancy in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome treated with LMWH, with a high positive and negative predictive value. Its use also allows to increase the dose of LMWH
if necessary to improve the effectiveness of the treatment.
PO043-MON
Anti-annexin V antibodies in patients with obstetric
morbility
~a S, Noya L and Palmer L
Maneyro A, Ouvin
Hematology, Hospital Churruca, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Background: Annexin-V (AnxV) is an anionic phospholipid-binding
protein with potent anticoagulant activity. It inhibits prothrombin
activation and can prevent thrombus formation under normal blood
flow conditions. It has been suggested that displacement of the AnxV
shield from the syncytiotrophoblast surface by anti-Annexin V antibodies (ab-AnxV) creates a thrombogenic environment responsible for
the subsequent fetal loss. So far, the laboratory criteria for the diagnosis of the Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS) includes Lupus Anticoagulant, anti-Cardiolipin antibodies and anti-beta2-glycoprotein I
determinations.
Aims: To evaluate if testing for ab-AnxV may help to the diagnosis in
patients with pregnancy morbility associated with APS.
Methods: We evaluated 117 patients (p) seen in our institution, for the
presence of antiphospholipid antibodies, following ISTH laboratory
criteria. Patients were divided in 2 groups: Group 1 (30p) with pregnancy complications suggestive of APS and Group 2 (87p) with venous
thromboembolic disease, colagenopathies and cardiovascular events.
All patients underwent Ab-AnxV tested by ELISA method.
Results: In Group 1 Ab-AnxV positivity was found in 6 p (20%); in 2

p (6.7%) Ab-AnxV was the only positive antiphospholipid antibody
found.
In Group 2 Ab-AnxV positivity was found in 11p (12.6%); in 4 p
(4.6%) Ab-AnxV was the only positive antiphospholipid antibody
found.
Conclusion: In spite of the small sample size, we think that Ab-AnxV
evaluation may be a useful diagnostic tool in p with clinically suspected APS, adding to the classical laboratory determinations, particularly in those women with pregnancy complications, and may identify
a subgroup of patients with a clinical picture highly suggestive of APS
but negative laboratory criteria. If these findings are confirmed in large
scale studies, we think that Ab-AnxV should be added to the laboratory criteria of APS.
PO044-MON
Interactions between rivaroxaban and antiphospholipid
antibodies in thrombotic antiphospholipid syndrome
Arachchillage DJ1, Mackie I1, Efthymiou M1, Isenberg D2,
Machin S1 and Cohen H1,3
1
Haemostasis Research Unit, University College London; 2Centre
for Rheumatology, Division of Medicine, University College
London; 3University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation
Trust, London, UK
Background: Rivaroxaban can affect lupus anticoagulant (LA) tests,
and antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) may interfere with rivaroxaban
anticoagulant action
Aims: To establish the influence of rivaroxaban on LA detection and
of aPL on rivaroxaban anticoagulant action
Methods: Rivaroxaban and 52 IgG preparations (20 LA positive, 12
LA negative thrombotic antiphospholipid syndrome [APS] patients,
20 normal controls [NC]), were spiked into pooled normal plasma
(PNP) for LA testing. aPL effects on rivaroxaban anticoagulant
action were studied by thrombin generation (TG) using a calibrated
automated thrombography and rivaroxaban anti-Xa assay. LA was
also studied in thrombotic APS patients receiving rivaroxaban 20 mg
once daily, at peak and trough levels.
Results: In vitro spiking of samples with rivaroxaban showed no false
positive LA with Textarin time, Taipan venom time/Ecarin clotting
time (TVT/ECT), dilute prothrombin time (dPT) and in-house dilute
Russells viper venom time (DRVVT); but false positives in the majority of NC and LA negative IgG (18/20 [90%] and 11/12 [92%] respectively) with two commercial DRVVT reagents, at 250 ng mL1 but
not 50 ng mL1 rivaroxaban (expected peak and trough levels respectively). Ex vivo studies: six LA positive patients on rivaroxaban
remained LA positive with TVT/ECT and both DRVVT reagents, at
peak (162278 ng mL1) and trough (3085 ng mL1) rivaroxaban
levels. Six LA negative patients became (apparently) LA positive with
both DRVVT reagents, test/confirm ratio median [CI]: 1.6 [1.31.8],
1.6 [1.41.9], but not by TVT/ECT (1.1 [0.81.2]) at peak rivaroxaban
levels; and remained LA negative with both DRVVT reagents and
TVT/ECT at trough levels. aPL positive IgG spiking of PNP had no
effect on rivaroxaban anticoagulant effects on thrombin generation or
rivaroxaban anti-Xa levels.
Conclusion: The TVT/ECT ratio and Textarin time were not affected
even at peak rivaroxaban levels, enabling detection of LA ex vivo. aPL
had no effects on rivaroxaban anticoagulant action in vitro.
ABSTRACTS
PO045-MON
Proposed trial: hypatia a prospective randomised
controlled trial of hydroxychoroquine versus placebo
during pregnancy in women with antiphospholipid
antibodies
Schreiber K1,2, Sciascia S1, Breen K1, Jacobsen S2, Farquharson R3,
Middeldorp S4, Regan L5 and Hunt BJ1
1
Centre for Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Guys and St Thomas
NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; 2Department of
Rheumatology, Copenhagen University Hospital at
Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; 3Department of
Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Liverpool Womens Hospital,
Liverpool, UK; 4Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic
Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The
Netherlands; 5Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology,
Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
Background: Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is defined by the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) with thrombosis and/or
obstetric morbidity. The obstetric morbidity includes recurrent first
trimester loss, stillbirth, intrauterine death, pre-eclampsia, premature
birth and fetal growth restriction.
Current treatment including low dose aspirin and low molecular
weight heparin have improved pregnancy outcome, but reduction in
pregnancy loss remains sub-optimal.
The antimalarial hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has been used for decades in patients with SLE and our retrospective single centre study
suggests that HCQ has a favourable effect on pregnancy outcomes and
thrombosis. HCQ is recognised to be safe in pregnancy. Therefore an
RCTof HCQ vs. placebo in women with antiphospholipid antibodies
is proposed.
Aims: To undertake a randomised controlled trial of HCQ vs. placebo
in addition to standard treatment in women with aPL in order to
improve pregnancy outcome.
Methods: We propose the first multicentre RCT of HCQ vs. placebo in
addition to standard treatment in pregnant women with aPL or APS.
A total of 328 women will be enrolled.
Results: The primary endpoints will include: miscarriage < 10 weeks
of gestation, miscarriage > 10 weeks, premature birth < 34 weeks due
to eclampsia, pre-eclampsia and/or intrauterine growth restriction
and/or placental abruption. Secondary endpoints will include gestational age at delivery, birth weight, mode of delivery, APGAR-score,
neonatal morbidity, bilateral uterine artery notching between 20 and
24 weeks, days to discharge from hospital following delivery (mother
and baby) and thrombotic events in the mother and the baby.
Conclusion: The proposed trial will address the issue of the utility of
hydroxychloroquine in improving pregnancy outcome in women with
aPL. We invite other centres to express interest in joining us.
PO046-MON
Rivaroxaban limits complement activation in patients
with thrombotic antiphospholipid syndrome
Arachchillage DJ1, Mackie I1, Efthymiou M1, Chitolie A1, Hunt B2,
Isenberg D3, Khamashta M2, Machin S1 and Cohen H1,4
1
Haemostasis Research Unit,University College London;
2
Department of Haematology and Rheumatology, Kings College
London and Guys and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust;
3
Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine,
University College London; 4University College London Hospitals
NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
Background: Complement activation has been shown to play a role in
the pathogenesis of thrombosis in antiphospholipid syndrome
281
(APS). We hypothesize that rivaroxaban, as a direct factor Xa inhibitor, could limit complement activation.
Aims: To assess the classical (C3a and C5a) and terminal complement
complex, SC5b-9, in patients with thrombotic APS treated with rivaroxaban compared to warfarin in a prospective randomised study.
Methods: Sixty APS patients with previous venous thromboembolism,
without systemic lupus erythematosus, on long term warfarin target
INR 2.5 (2.03.0), were studied: 30 remained on warfarin and 30
switched from warfarin to rivaroxaban (20 mg daily). EDTA plasma
samples were collected at baseline (all on warfarin) and day 42 (30 on
warfarin, 30 on rivaroxaban). Samples were also collected from 30
normal controls (NC). C3a, C5a and SC5b-9 were assessed using
ELISA assay kits (QUIDEL Corp).
Results: Normal ranges for C3a, C5a and SC5b-9 were 42.3
57.1 ng mL1, 4.97.8 ng mL1, 106128 ng mL1 respectively. APS
patients had significantly higher complement activation markers compared to NC at both time points irrespective of the anticoagulant
(P < 0.0001 for C3a, C5a and SC5b-9). There was no difference in
these markers between the two patient groups (all on warfarin) at
baseline. On day 42, in patients remaining on warfarin, median C3a,
C5a and SC5b-9 were similar to baseline: C3a (ng mL1) 81.4 vs. 88.5,
C5a (ng mL1) 11.2 vs. 11.7, SC5b-9 (ng mL1) 212 vs. 205. In
patients treated with rivaroxaban (day 42), median C3a, C5a and
SC5b-9 were significantly lower compared to warfarin (baseline): C3a
(ng mL1) 74.3 vs. 89.2 (P = 0.04), C5a (ng mL1) 8.2 vs. 10.3
P = 0.04, SC5b-9 (ng mL1) 162 vs197 (P = 0.02). However, there
was no correlation between rivaroxaban anti-Xa levels and C3a, C5a
and SC5b-9.
Conclusion: Rivaroxaban appears to inhibit activation of the complement pathway compared to warfarin. These data suggest that rivaroxaban has additional therapeutic modality in thrombotic APS patients
by limiting complement activation.
Disclosure of Interest: D. Jayakody Arachchillage: None Declared, I.
Mackie: None Declared, M. Efthymiou: None Declared, A. Chitolie:
None Declared, B. Hunt: None Declared, D. Isenberg: None
Declared, M. Khamashta: None Declared, S. Machin: None Declared,
H. Cohen Grant/Research Support from: Bayer, Speaker Bureau of:
Bayer.
PO048-MON
Analytical and clinical performance of a new
automated chemiluminescent assay (CIA)
ska-Lo
wenhoff M, Polan
ski S and
Iwaniec T, Kaczor MP, Celin
Musia J
Department of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical
w, Poland, Krako
w, Poland
College, Krako
Background: Laboratory classification criteria of antiphospholipid
syndrome (APS) include the presence of lupus anticoagulant together
with anticardiolipin (aCL) and antib2-glycoprotein I (ab2GPI) IgG
and IgM antibodies, detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays
(ELISA) containing human b2-glycoprotein I on a solid phase.
Aims: To assess the analytical performance and clinical utility of a
fully automated anticardiolipin (aCL) and anti-b2 glycoprotein I
(ab2GPI) chemiluminescent immunoassays (CIA) and their profiles in
comparison to the traditional ELISA tests.
Methods: The study included 220 samples from patients with primary
APS (n = 74), secondary APS (n = 47), and control sera from patients
with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) without APS (n = 99). All
samples were tested for IgG and IgM aCL and b2GPI antibodies using
the ELISA methods (QUANTA Lite aCL, ab2GPI ELISA; Inova
Diagnostics, USA) and the CIA methods (QUANTA Flash aCL,
ab2GPI; Inova Diagnostics, USA). Data were statistically evaluated
using Analyse-it for Microsft Excel 3.9 (Analyse-It Software, Leeds,
UK).
282
ABSTRACTS
Results: Good qualitative agreement was found between CIA and

ELISA methods, with overall agreements ranging from 81.8% (aCL
IgM assays) to 90.5% (aCL IgG assays). All assays showed good clinical performance, and strong correlation with APS-related clinical
symptoms. For aCL IgG, sensitivity and specificity were comparable.
For the IgM class, sensitivity of the ELISA test was higher (70.2%)
than of the CIA method (33.9%), but the specificity was higher for the
CIA (91.9% vs. 72.7% for ELISA). For ab2GPI IgG antibodies, the
sensitivity was lower for the ELISA test compared to the CIA (55.4%
vs. 71.1%) but the specificity was higher for ELISA (87.9% vs.
76.8%). For the IgM class of ab2GPI, sensitivity and specificity were
similar for both methods.
Conclusion: This study showed good clinical performance and strong
correlation of the new automated CIA aPL assays with the APS clinical symptoms.
PO049-MON
False positive results of platelet neutralization
procedure (PNP) in lupus anticoagulant (LA) testing of
patients with coagulation factor deficiencies
Wool GD, Mikrut K and Miller JL
Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
Background: Laboratory testing for LAs utilizes a phospholipid (PL)rich confirmatory phase reagent. ISTH 2009 guidelines state, Freeze/
thawed platelets are not recommended as the source of PL for the confirmatory tests because of poor batch-to-batch consistency. We
explored potential additional limitations of such reagent.
Aims: We investigated PNP assay specificity.
Methods: Instruments and reagents: STA-R Evolution/PTT-LA, Cryocheck Platelet Lysate (Precision BioLogic).
Results: Patient 1 presented with an AV fistula thrombosis, prolonged
aPTT (104), and normal PT. PTT-LA screen was markedly prolonged
(120.3, normal < 44) with a normal thrombin time. PTT-LA mix
was marginally prolonged (37.4, normal < 37.2). In the confirmatory
PNP, there was dramatic shortening (8.3 SD above the mean, normal
< 3.0 SD). DRVVT was negative for a LA. Subsequent analyses
revealed normal or high levels of factors (F) VIII, IX, XI, XII and high
molecular weight kininogen, while prekallikrein (PK) was severely
deficient (< 1%).
Patient 2 had a post-operative consumptive coagulopathy with prolonged PT (27.6) and aPTT (43.9), multiple factor deficiencies (FII
27%, FV 57%, FVII 19%, FX 30%, FXI 39%), decreased platelets
(111K), and D-Dimer > 20 lg mL1. PTT-LA screen was prolonged
at 76.7 with only partial correction in the mixing phase (47.6), and
highly abnormal PNP confirmatory phase (21.3 SD). DRVVT and
DPT testing was normal.
Utilizing FXI-deficient reagent substrate plasma in the PNP produced
an entirely normal result. In contrast, study of FV-deficient reagent
substrate plasma in the PNP produced a markedly abnormal shortening of clotting time in the presence of platelet lysate, exceeding 77 SD
above the mean.
Conclusion: Freeze-thawed platelet lysate reagents offer a relatively
physiologic PL source. However, such platelet lysates may not only
show lot-to-lot variation, but also produce false positive LA testing
results in patients with deficiencies of platelet-associated coagulation
factors, such as PK and FV.
PO050-MON
Frequency of clinically significant antiphospholipid
antibodies profile in patients with venous
thromboembolism, stroke, myocardial infarction,
peripheral arterial disease and pregancy morbidity
Cosmi B, Legnani C, Cini M and Palareti G
Department of Angiology and Blood Coagulation, S. OrsolaMalpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
Background: antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) frequency in patients
with thrombosis or pregnancy morbidity is uncertain for the lack of
standardized laboratory diagnostic criteria. The estimated aPL frequency is 6% for pregnancy morbidity (PM), 13.5% for stroke, 11%
for myocardial infarction (MI), and 9.5% for deep vein thrombosis
(DVT) (Arthritis Care & Research; 2013, 1869).
Aims: to evaluate the rate of clinically relevant aPL profile according
to Sydney international consensus (2006) in patients with arterial or
venous thromboembolim or PM.
Methods: patients referred to our specialized coagulation laboratory
from 2004 to 2014 with prior DVT, pulmonary embolism (PE), superficial vein thrombosis (SVT), stroke, transient ischemic attacks (TIA),
MI, peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and PM underwent testing for
lupus anticoagulant (LAC) according to criteria of the Subcommittee
for LAC/aPL of ISTH of 1995 updated in 2009, anti-cardiolipin antibodies (ACA) IgG/IgM and anti-beta2glicoprotein I (GPI) IgG/IgM,
according to the International Consensus Guidelines on ACA and
anti-beta2 GPI (Arthritis and Rheumatism, 2012).
Results: Table 1 shows the study results in the different populations.
Patients with isolated LAC were < 1% in all subgroups of patients,
while patients with LAC and one or both ELISA tests positive for
either ACA and/or anti-beta GPI-2 were similarly low except for
patients with proximal DVT (1.4%).
Patients
Prox DVT
Distal DVT
PE
SVT
Stroke
TIA
PAOD
Obstetrical
complications
No.
pats
No. with (%)

LAC (negative
ELISAs)
No. (%) with

LAC + positive
ELISAs
No.
(%)
with
LAC
4637
975
819
2247
1746
1566
1101
1371
34 (0.7)
7 (0.7)
2 (0.2)
21 (0.9)
14 (0.8)
11 (0.7)
11 (1.0)
7 (0.5)
64 (1.4)
7 (0.7)
3 (0.4)
7 (0.5)
12 (0.7)
11 (0.7)
10 (0.9)
4 (0.9)
98 (2.1)
14 (1.4)
5 (0.6)
28 (1.2)
26 (1.5)
22 (1.4)
21 (1.9)
11 (0.8)
Conclusion: A clinically significant aPL profile diagnosed according to

updated laboratory criteria has a much lower frequency than that
reported in subjects with thrombosis and pregnancy complications.
PO051-MON
Clinical assessment of antiphospholipid antibodies
against 2-glycoprotein domain I in antiphospholipid
syndrome
lez V2
Marco P1, Marco A1, Cabrera V1 and Gonza
1
Hematology Service, General Universitary Hospital, Alicante;
2
Werfen group, Barcelona, Spain
Background: The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is characterized
by thrombosis and positivity of at least one of antiphospholipid anti 2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997
ABSTRACTS
bodies (APL): anticardiolipin (ACL), anti2 glycoprotein I (anti2GPI) and lupus anticoagulant. The assessment of biological markers
of thrombosis is challenging in APS. In fact, a significative number of
patients with APLremain asymptomatic. Antibodies against 2glycoprotein IgG domain I (anti2GPIgG domain I) are prevalent in APS.
However, they are not performed in the routine laboratory and are not
included in the Sydney criteria.
Aims: To assess the clinical impact of anti2GPIgG domain I in APS:
Methods: Eighty-two positive-anti2GP IgG patients were included.
12% were asymptomatic (n = 10), 22% had autoimmune disease
(n = 18), and 66% with APS (n = 54). APL were carried out in a newfully automated chemoluminiscent analyser (ACL AcuStar IL). We
used the SPSS V20 program for statistical analysis and P < 0.05 had
significant value.
Results: Anti2GPIgG domain I were positive in 70% of APS, 28% of
autoimmune diseases and in 30% of asymptomatic patients. The sensitivity for thrombosis was 71% and the specificity was 70%. The positive predictive value (PPV) was 55% and the negative predictive value
(NPV) was 83%. ACLIgG were positive in 78% of APS, 55% of autoimmune diseases and 40% of asymptomatic patients. ACLIgG sensitivity was 78% and the specificity was 50%. The PPV was 75% and
the NPV was 54%. Forty patients had both anti2GPIgG domain I
and ACLIgG positivity, 82% of them with APS.
Conclusion: Anti2GPIgG domain I are more prevalent in patients
with thrombosis. The high NPV could identify patients at low risk for
thrombosis. Therefore, a negative anti2GPIgG domain I would be
considered a low thrombotic risk marker. Moreover, patients with triple positivity (ACLIgG, anti2GPIgG domain I and anti2GPI) could
be considered at high risk of APS. However, multicentric studies are
needed to obtain clinical relevant results.
PO052-MON
Multiple positivity and APA profile in women with
fetal loss syndrome
Makatsariya N, Stuleva N and Khizroeva J
Obstetrics and Gynecology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State
Medical University, Moscow, Russia
Background: As it is known pregnancy loss is a marker and the most
striking manifestation of APS. We wanted to evaluate the importance
of different antiphospholipid antibodies, especially antibodies to annexin V and anti-prothrombin antibodies that are not included in diagnostic criteria of APS.
Aims: The evaluation of APA profile in patients with fetal loss syndrome.
Methods: We have investigated anticardiolipin, antiannexin V, antib2-GPI, antiprothrombin antibodies using ELISA method and LA circulation in 146 women with history of recurrent miscarriage and 60
age matched healthy pregnant women. The study included 74 first trimester pregnant women (I group) and 72 s and third trimesters women
(II group) who had a history of unexplained recurrent miscarriage.
Results: About 34.2% women were diagnosed APS. LA circulation
14%, anticardiolipin 31.5%, anti-annexin V 31%, anti-b2-GPI
22.6, anti-prothrombin 10.3%. Combination of LA, anti-b2-GPI,
anticardiolipin was in 12.1%, LA, anti-annexin V and anti-b2-GPI
in 13.7%, anti-prothrombin and anti-b2-GP I in 8.9%, LA, annexin
V and b2-GPI in 7.9% and was associated with more severe complications. All APS patients received anticoagulant therapy. In women
treated before the pregnancy early miscarriage in the next pregnancy
occurred in 1.6%. There was no antenatal death or stillbirth. In II
group the frequency of obstetric complications was higher compared
with women of I group (P < 0.05) but still significantly lower compared their history without therapy.
Conclusion: In spite of the fact that antibodies to annexin V are not
included to the APS criteria, their level prevailed in the women with
history of fetal loss. We consider it as a risk factor of recurrent fetal
283
loss. Also the combination of various antibodies at the same time in

women with more severe obstetric history demonstrates the diagnostic
value of the determination of different groups of APA.
Antiplatelets agents I
PO054-MON
Impact of preanalytical delay on results of light
transmittance aggregometry in stemi patients
Vybivantseva A1, Demkova O1, Saraeva N1, Koryakina L1,
Andreeva E1, Lifshits G2,3 and Apartsin K1,3
1
Irkutsk Scientific Centre for Surgery and Traumatology, Irkutsk;
2
Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine of SB
of Russian Academy of Science in Novosibirsk, Novosibirsk;
3
Irkutsk Scientific Centre of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy
of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russia
Background: One explanation for the paradoxal laboratory response
(PR) to clopidogrel, in which the medication leads to an increase in
platelet aggregation (PA) compared with the initial value, is the preanalytical delay of assessment after blood withdrawal.
Aims: Whether delay in assessment of PA by light transmission aggregometry (LTA) after blood sampling in STEMI patients results in a
reduction rate of PA being false, which is regarded as PR to clopidogrel in the course of repeated examination.
Methods: Venous blood samples for the study of PA by LTA were
withdrawn from 6 pts with STEMI, who were admitted for urgent
PCI, prior to the intake of a loading dose of clopidogrel (600 mg).
Samples were stored at ambient condition, and PA was evaluated at 1,
4, 8 and 12 h. Repeated blood samples for PA were collected and
tested by the same method after 48 6 h after PCI. PR to clopidogrel
were recorded at Resistance Index (RI) < 0. The control group
included six volunteers of the same sex and age with no relevant medical history/concomitant medication.
Results: For STEMI pts, PA was significantly less than in control
group after 1, 4 and 8 h, P = 0.02;0.03 and 0.02. 48 6 h after PCI
the PA was 28.8% (11.2; 41.7), that is significantly < 1 h after the initial blood sample (P = 0.04) and is not different from the PA determined in the blood at 4, 8 and 12 h. Cross differences were significant
in determining the RI at 1, 4, 8 and 12 h: 54% (24.6; 84.3); 42.9% (8.6;
79.9); 62.9% (52.2, 71.1); 37.1 (60.9; 56.8), ANOVA P = 0.016.PR
to clopidogrel was registered for 1 of 6 pts when evaluating at 1 and
4 h after blood sample collection (17%); and for 2 of 5 pts at 8 h
(40%).
Conclusion: PA has decreased during storage of blood for more than
1 h, which can lead to an erroneous assessment of clopidogrel efficacy.
False PR is registered with samples for LTA deferred over 8 h. Correct
evaluation may be accomplished using personalized devices to assess PA.
This study was supported by the project RFMEFI60714X0025.
PO055-MON
Association of platelet response to cilostazol with
clinical outcome and CYP genotypes in patients with
cerebral infarction
Yamanouchi J1, Hato T2 and Yasukawa M1
1
Department of Hematology, Clinical Immunology and Infectious
Diseases; 2Division of Blood Transfusion and Cell Therapy, Ehime
University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
Background: Recent clinical trials have demonstrated that cilostazol, an
inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 3, is a more effective and safer alternative
284
ABSTRACTS
to aspirin for secondary prevention of cerebral infarction. Although the

platelet responses to aspirin and clopidogrel have been reported to be
associated with cardiovascular outcome, it is unclear whether the platelet
response to cilostazol has the similar clinical implication.
Aims: To assess whether low response to cilostazol is associated with
recurrence of cerebral infarction and with CYP genotypes.
Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study in 162
patients with cerebral infarction taking cilostazol. Cilostazol-induced
phosphorylation of vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) in
platelets was measured by a recently developed assay which was modified from a platelet VASP assay kit that has been widely used for monitoring the platelet response to clopidogrel (Platelets 22: 135142,
2011). CYP genotypes were determined by direct sequencing of the
CYP2C19 and CYP3A5 genes that were involved in the metabolism of
cilostazol. Recurrence of cerebral infarction during the follow-up period was determined by clinical symptoms and brain MRI imaging.
This study was approved by Ehime University ethics committee.
Results: The median duration of follow-up was 24 months. The recurrence of cerebral infarction occurred in 6 (4.1%) of 146 patients who
could define the clinical outcome. The patient group with recurrence
had a lower level of VASP phosphorylation than the patient group
without recurrence (P = 0.045). The genotypes of CYP2C19 and
CYP3A5 were not associated with the level of VASP phosphorylation
in 162 patients taking cilostazol.
Conclusion: This study suggests that low response to cilostazol
detected by VASP assay is associated with the recurrence of cerebral
infarction. The VASP assay for cilostazol may be useful to predict the
clinical outcome in patients with cerebral infarction.
PO056-MON
Platelet reactivity based risk assessment for patients
with coronary artery disease on P2Y12 inhibitors is not
consistent between different platelet function tests
Vries MJA1, Olie RH1,2, Veenstra LF3, Hoorntje JCA3, Ten CateHoek AJ1, Spronk HMH1, van der Meijden PEJ1,
Henskens YMC1,4 and Ten Cate H1,2
1
Biochemistry, Maastricht University; 2Internal Medicine;
3
Cardiology; 4Central Diagnostic Laboratory, Academic Hospital
of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
Background: Patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) requiring
P2Y12 inhibitors are at risk of bleeding as well as recurrent ischemia.
On-treatment platelet reactivity (PR) has been related to the risk of
these events, and for several platelet function tests (PFTs) therapeutic
windows of PR have been proposed.
Aims: To determine the consistency in PFT outcomes in frail CAD
patients.
Methods: PFTs were performed 12 months after percutaneous intervention in consecutive frail CAD patients to determine safety and efficacy of the prescribed P2Y12 inhibitors, in order to adapt therapy
when risk of adverse events was assessed too high. Patients were considered frail if they had 3 known risk factors for adverse events. The
therapeutic windows of the VerifyNow P2Y12, Multiple electrode
aggregometry (Multiplate) 6.5 M ADP (both Tantry, JACC 2013),
and the light transmission aggregometry (LTA) 20 M ADP (Kerneis,
JACC 2013) were used to classify patients as low, optimal or high PR.
Inter-test reliability analysis using the quadratic weighted Kappa
method was calculated to determine consistency in PR classification
by PFTs.
Results: Classifying 50 patients in platelet reactivity categories resulted
in consistent classification in 13 patients; 36 patients were classified in
2 PR categories and 1 patient in 3 categories. The inter-test reliability
analysis showed slight to moderate agreement. LTA vs. Multiplate
had a Kappa of 0.20; 52% were classified in the same category and
46% were classified in a higher PR group by the Multiplate. Verify-
Now vs. LTA had a Kappa of 0.27; 42% were classified in the same
category and in 58% the LTA found optimal PR but the VerifyNow
high or low PR. VerifyNow vs. Multiplate had a Kappa of 0.53; 56%
were classified in the same category and 38% were classified in a higher
PR group by the Multiplate.
Conclusion: Classifying CAD patients on P2Y12 inhibitors in predefined PR groups showed slight to moderate agreement between PFTs.
This hampers their usefulness in daily practice.
PO057-MON
Platelet function testing in ACS patients using
measurement of platelet P-selectin: comparison with
other commercial tests
May J, Dovlatova N, Radhakrishnan A, Heptinstall S and Fox S
Division of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Nottingham,
Nottingham, UK
Background: There are various platelet function testing methods available that can be used to monitor the effectiveness of antiplatelet agents
in patients with cardiovascular disease. These include Aspirin Kits and
P2Y12 Kits (Platelet Solutions Ltd, UK) which are based on measurement of P-selectin on appropriately activated platelets. Following
platelet activation in whole blood the test samples are treated with
PAMFix, a patented fixing solution, and sent to a central laboratory
for analysis by flow cytometry.
Aims: To compare the results of platelet function testing using different testing procedures in ACS patients treated with aspirin and clopidogrel (n = 102) or aspirin and prasugrel (n = 56) for at least 1 month.
Methods: We compared the kits from PSL with three other aspirin and
four other P2Y12 commercial tests: light transmission aggregometry
(LTA), Multiplate, VerifyNow and Biocytex VASP. PAMFix treated
P-selectin samples were analysed after storage for 3 and 28 days.
Results: Three of the aspirin tests used (P-selectin, LTA and VerifyNow) clearly identified 3 patients as being either non-responders to
aspirin or non-compliant with therapy. Multiplate identified only 1 of
these. All of the P2Y12 tests demonstrated variability in the effectiveness of clopidogrel to inhibit platelet function. Prasugrel treatment
resulted in significantly greater inhibition than clopidogrel. Three
patients with very high P-selectin values were subsequently found to
be not taking prasugrel and high values were also obtained using the
four other P2Y12 tests. Fixed P-selectin samples yielded identical
results when analysed after 3 and 28 days.
Conclusion: The P-selectin tests were at least as effective in determining
the inhibitory effects of antiplatelet therapies as compared with other
commercial tests. The stability of samples for 28 days extends the possibilities for use of the P-selectin approach for remote platelet testing.
Disclosure of Interest: J. May Shareholder of: Platelet Solutions Ltd,
N. Dovlatova Employee of: Platelet Solutions Ltd, A. Radhakrishnan:
None Declared, S. Heptinstall Shareholder of: Platelet Solutions Ltd,
S. Fox Shareholder of: Platelet Solutions Ltd.
PO058-MON
Efficacy of prasugrel administration immediately after
percutaneous coronary intervention in acute
myocardial infarction
Schafer A, Flierl U and Bauersachs J
Background: Prasugrel, a potent thienopyridine, achieves better platelet inhibition than clopidogrel. However, the onset of effect is significantly delayed in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial
ABSTRACTS
infarction (STEMI), as hemodynamic stability and morphine application seem to exhibit significant influence.
Aims: We assessed the efficacy of prasugrel loading immediately after
PCI for STEMI instead of preloading the unstable patient before
revascularization.
Methods: We investigated 29 consecutive patients with acute STEMI
(mean age 56 2 years) admitted to our department who underwent
primary PCI. Prasugrel efficacy was assessed by the platelet-reactivityindex (PRI; VASP assay) before and 1, 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24 h following
an oral loading dose of 60 mg immediately after primary PCI. High
on-treatment platelet reactivity (HTPR) was defined as PRI > 50%.
Results: During the observed period, prasugrel significantly and rapidly reduced platelet reactivity determined by PRI in acute STEMI
patients (P = 0.0002). In detail, mean PRI ( SD) was 70.5 12.4%
before (control) and 43.7 28.9% at 1 h (P < 0.001 vs. control),
24.6 27.4% at 2 h (P < 0.001 vs. control), 20.7 25.7% at 4 h
(P < 0.001 vs. control), 16.8 24.6% at 6 h (P < 0.001 vs. control),
11.1 14.7% at 12 h (P < 0.001 vs. control), and 8.8 8.9% at 24 h
(P < 0.001 vs. control) after loading. The HTPR rate was 48% at 1 h,
22% at 2 h, 15% at 4 h, 13% at 6 h, 4% at 12 h, and 0% at 24 h.
Conclusion: In contrast to previous reports describing a significant
delay in onset of prasugrel-mediated P2Y12 inhibition in acute STEMI,
we observed a rapid onset with low HTPR rates comparable to those
observed in stable non-STEMI or elective PCI patients. Prasugrel
administered directly after primary PCI might therefore be a useful
therapeutic strategy in patients with STEMI to provide strong and
effective P2Y12 inhibition.
Disclosure of Interest: A. Schafer Speaker Bureau of: lecture fees Daiichi-Sankyo, Eli Lilly, U. Flierl: None Declared, J. Bauersachs: None
declared.
PO059-MON
The antithrombotic effects of synthetic polypeptides
derived from snaclecs: involvement of platelet
glycoprotein VI antagonism
Chang C-H1, Chung C-H2, Hsu C-C1 and Huang T-F1
1
Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine,
National Taiwan University, Taipei; 2Department of Medicine,
Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
Background: Currently prescribed antiplatelet drugs including cyclooxygenase inhibitors, ADP receptor antagonists, and glycoprotein (GP)
IIb/IIIa receptor antagonists have one common side effect an
increased risk of hemorrhage and thrombocytopenia. On the contrary,
deficiency in glycoprotein VI (GPVI) expression does not lead to
severe bleeding.
Aims: To develop a series of novel hexpeptides (Troa6) and decapeptides (Troa10) derived from a subunit of trowaglerix, a potent specific
GPVI-targeting snaclec, to become GPVI antagonists.
Methods: Using reverse-phase HPLC to obtain the sequence of a subunit of trowaglerix. Functional effect of synthetic polypeptides were
examined by platelet aggregometer. In vivo studies include fluorescein
sodium-induced venules thrombosis and ferric chloride (FeCl3)induced artery thrombosis.
Results: We found that Troa6/Troa10 specifically inhibited collageninduced platelet aggregation through blocking platelet GPVI receptor,
but not GPIb or integrin a2b1 receptors. In fluorescein sodiuminduced platelet thrombus formation of mesenteric vunules and
FeCl3-induced carotid artery injury thrombosis model, Troa6/Troa10
displayed prominent inhibitory effect of thrombus formation. In addition, Troa6/Troa10 significantly inhibited the platelet aggregation in
response to collagen ex vivo without prolonging bleeding time. With
the aides from computational peptide design and molecular dynamic
simulations on the decapeptides and GPVI, possible binding site was
identified near D1/D2 domain surface.
285
Conclusion: Synthetic hexa-/decapeptide, which interacted with GPVI

and exhibited anti-thrombotic activity in vitro and in vivo, were identified as important peptide therapeutics for developing small-mass
GPVI antagonists for arterial thrombogenic diseases.
PO060-MON
Correlation between platelet MRP4 expression and
platelet function in patients under chronic aspirin
treatment
Massimi I, Temperilli F, Guarino ML, Maltese T, Lotti LV, Frati L
and Pulcinelli FM
Experimental Medicine, Sapienza- University of Rome, Rome,
Italy
Background: Aspirin does not exert an equal antiplatelet action on all
subjects. An important mechanism involved in drug resistances is
platelet overexpression of Multidrug Resistance Proteins 4 (MRP4).
We demonstrated that aspirin in vivo treatment (300 mg per die)
enhances platelet MRP4 expression, after 15 days.
It was also demonstrated that inhibition of MRP4 mediated transport
reduces platelet function.
Aims: To verify whether MRP4 expression increases in platelets
obtained from patients under chronic aspirin treatment
(100 mg per die) and whether these platelets are hyper-responsiveness.
Methods: We evaluated the changes on mRNA and protein MRP4
expression (Q-RT-PCR, Western blot, immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy) and platelet aggregation in 2 populations:
healthy volunteers (HV; n = 100) and aspirinated (100 mg per die)
patients for more than 1 month (ASA; n = 150).
Results: In platelets obtained from ASA patients, it was found a statistically significant MRP4 enhancement of both mRNA and protein
expression compared to HV (2.1 fold increase; P = 0.002 and 1.56 fold
increase; P = 0.025 respectively) and it appeared mainly localized in
plasma membrane.
Platelets obtained from ASA patients that present the highest levels of
MRP4, belonging to the 4th quartile (from 0.022 to 0.36 Ct), have
significantly higher platelet aggregation in comparison with those
belonging to the 1st3rd quartiles (from 0.001 to 0.022 Ct), in
response to both ADP (2 lM; 54 16 vs. 40 28% aggregation
after 4 min, respectively) and collagen (2 lg mL1; 51 20 vs.
41 20% aggregation after 4 min, respectively; 79 40 vs.
94 40 s for lag-phase, respectively).
Conclusion: We can assert that chronic aspirin treatment induces a
platelet MRP4 overexpression and platelet with higher MRP4 levels
are hyper-responsiveness.
These evidences suggest that platelet MRP4 overexpression identifies
patients less sensitive to aspirin action.
PO061-MON
Platelet function monitoring in patients on dual
antiplatelet therapy undergoing urgent HIP surgery:
preliminary results
Spiezia L, Vasques F, Behr A, Campello E, Maggiolo S and
Simioni P
Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
Background: In clinical practice, the number of patients on dual antiplatelet therapy (DAT) who undergo emergency surgery for femoral
fractures is increasing. DAT contraindicates locoregional anesthesia
because of an increased risk of bleeding. However, evidence of a resis-
286
ABSTRACTS
tance phenomenon to treatment with aspirin and/or clopidogrel raises

the possibility of ineffective inhibition of platelet adherence which
could have implications during surgery. Platelet function monitoring
with point-of-care methods opens new scenarios in the management of
anesthetic techniques in these patients
Aims: To analyze preoperative platelet function by impedance aggregometry in a group of patients on DAT undergoing urgent femoral
surgery.
Methods: Five patients (age 7096 years) on DAT who underwent
urgent femoral surgery at the Orthopedic Unit of the Padua University
Hospital between March and June 2014 were enrolled. All patients
gave informed consent. For each patient, a venous blood sample was
drawn and 3 mL were collected in EDTA-containing tubes for determination of platelet count, while 2.7 mL were collected into sodium
citrate 0.109 M-containing tubes for determination of PT, aPTT and
platelet function tests using impedance aggregometry (Multiplate
Analyser, Roche). ASPItest and ADPtest were used to evaluate the
effect of aspirin and clopidogrel on platelet function, respectively. The
parameter considered was the area under the curve (AUC).
Results: Mean SD AUC for ASPItest and for ADPtest were
26.4 17.6 (reference value 3979) and 50.4 30.1 (reference value
2978), respectively, while platelet count and coagulation times were
within normal limits.
Conclusion: The results of our preliminary study show that despite the
continued use of DAT, in vitro resistance was demonstrated in 4/5
patients, on clopidogrel and 1/5 on aspirin. In patients on DAT undergoing emergency femoral surgery, platelet function testing may be a
useful aid in establishing the actual bleeding risk.
PO062-MON
Platelet reactivity in patients with acute myocardial
infarction chronically treated with beta-blockers before
the onset of the acute event
A1, Latorre AM1, Madrid I2, Fuset MP2
Santos MT1, Moscardo
and Valles J1
1
Thrombosis, Hemostasis, Atherosclerosis and Vascular Biology,
IIS La Fe; 2Intensive Care Unit, La Fe Hospital, Valencia, Spain
Background: Catecholamines are known to increase during acute myocardial infarction (AMI) as well as the response to adrenergic stimuli.
This may have an impact on platelet reactivity and modify the effect of
the antiplatelet treatment.
Aims: a) To compare platelet reactivity of patients with AMI chronically treated with b-blockers before the onset of the acute event with
those without this treatment and b) to assess if b-blockers influence the
extension of myocardial damage.
Methods: We studied 526 patients with antiplatelet therapy within
48 h of the onset of AMI of which 96 were under chronic treatment
with b-blockers (Ct-bB). Citrate anticoagulated blood (3.8%) was
obtained at least 6 h after the administration of the antiplatelet therapy for platelet function studies: collagen (1 lg mL1), arachidonic
acid (AA, 1 mM), ADP (3.5 lM) and Epinephrine (5 lM)-induced
optical aggregometry (LTA); serotonin (14C-5HT) release and TXA2
synthesis in collagen (1 lg mL1)-stimulated whole blood and PFA100. Troponin and CPK were used as markers of myocardial damage.
Results: Ct-bB patients had a significant decrease of collagen
(P < 0.002) and AA-induced aggregation (P < 0.05), while no differences were found in LTA with ADP or Epinephrine. Collagen induced
14
C-5HT release and TXA2 synthesis were reduced (P < 0.05) while
the PFA-100 closure time was increased (P < 0.05) in patients under
Ct-bB. Interestingly, the number of patients with < 95% inhibition of
TXA2 (vs. aspirin-free normal subjects) was also lower in patients
under Ct-bB than in those without the chronic treatment: 14.6% vs.
29.8% (P < 0.002). Ct-bB patients had a significant reduction of troponin and CPK (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: Prior chronic treatment with b-blockers improves some
effects of the antiplatelet therapy shortly after the onset of AMI and
reduces the extension of myocardial damage.
Grants: IIS Carlos III. Fondos FEDER PI13/00016. Red Cardiovascular [RD12/0042/0003]. FETH
PO063-MON
Proteomic profiling of platelet response to antiplatelet
agents reveals a wide inter-individual variability and
distinct signatures of drugs alone and in combination
Marcone S and Fitzgerald DJ
School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College
Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
Background: Antiplatelet agents are a mainstay of therapy in acute
coronary syndromes, yet cardiovascular events continue to occur
despite the use of antiplatelet drugs alone or in combination, in part as
the pharmacological response is highly variable and difficult to titrate.
Proteomic profiling of platelet response to antiplatelet drugs provides
an integrated read-out of several factors that may explain this.
Aims: We examined the response to antiplatelet drugs alone and in
combination on platelet releasate following stimulation with thrombin
in 3 healthy donors.
Methods: A P2Y12 antagonist (PSB0739, 10 nM), a PAR-1 antagonist
(RWJ56110, 10 nM) and aspirin (10 mM) were used at concentrations
that blocked the platelet responses to their respective agonists assayed
by light transmission aggregometry. Thrombin (1 U mL1) was used
to stimulate secretion, a concentration that induced full aggregation of
washed platelets even in the presence of drug. This recapitulates a limitation with platelet aggregation assays in assessing the response to
drugs which makes it difficult to discriminate antiplatelet agents or
combinations of drugs. The platelet releasate profile was determined
by label-free quantitative mass spectrometry (nanoHPLC-Q Exactive
MS and MaxQuant software).
Results: The profile of all proteins (> 1000) following the addition of
the antiplatelet agents showed a strong donor clustering, indicating a
wide inter-individual variability (protein barcode), yet it was similar
for the same individual in samples obtained weeks apart. There were
also clear drug signatures with marked differences between individual
drugs and between combinations of 2 or 3 drugs (270 proteins) despite
no discernible differences in suppression of platelet aggregation.
Conclusion: Thus, profiling of platelet proteome better discriminates
the effects of antiplatelet drugs than is possible with platelet aggregation and may help to better understand drug effect, to monitor drug
response and possibly help to tailor therapy more effectively.
PO064-MON
Dual antiplatelet therapy combining aspirin and
ticagrelor in intracranial aneurismal embolization. A
13-month French experience
Narata AP1, Gruel Y2, Angoulvant D3 and Herbreteau D1
1
Neuroradiology, CHU Bretonneau; 2Hematology; 3Cardiology,
CHU Tours, Tours, France
Background: Aspirin + clopidogrel is the most common dual antiplatelet treatment prescribed in neuroradiology units, but clopidogrel efficacy is unpredictable.
ABSTRACTS
Aims: We thus evaluated the association aspirin+ticagrelor in a prospective group of 50 patients submitted to an intracranial stent procedure.
Methods: Fifty-one intracranial stent procedures for intracranial aneurysms (48 patients), intracranial arterial stenosis (1 patient) and venous
sinus stenosis (1 patient) were performed from 12/2014 to 01/2015 in
50 patients.
Aspirine 160 mg was started 1 week before procedure and continued
for 1 year. A charge dose of 180 mg ticagrelor was administered the
evening before and the morning of the intervention. 90 mg ticagrelor
were given the evening of the intervention, followed by 90 mg twice
per day for 3 months.
Results: Twelve stent assisted coiling procedures, 37 flow diverter
stents, 1 intracranial arterial stenosis and 1 venous stenosis treated by
intracranial stent were included.
No death or intracranial hemorrhagic event was observed. 2 patients
presented minor neurologic impairment in the first 24 h after intervention and MRI confirmed the presence of ischemic lesions. One patient
did not receive the two 180 mg doses of ticagrelor. Another patient
received one charge dose only the day of the intervention because the
stent procedure was urgent. 4 patients developed femoral hematomas
not requiring surgery.
Conclusion: Ticagrelor is a more efficient P2Y12 inhibitor than clopidogrel, with short half-life allowing quicker platelet function recovery
desirable in emergent interventions. However, little experience with ticagrelor in neurovascular procedures was available until now. In this
cohort of 50 patients, no severe neurologic impairment was observed
and only 2 cases presented small ischemic lesions with minor defect. In
addition, only 4 nonsurgical femoral hematomas were observed.
Further prospective trials are mandatory for confirming the good benefit/risk ratio of ticagrelor in this setting.
PO065-MON
Inhibition of thioredoxin inhibits GPVI-mediated
platelet activation
Metcalfe C1, Ramasubramoni A1, Pula G2, Harper M3, Mundell S4
and Coxon C4
1
Oxford Molecular and Pathology Institute, University of Oxford,
Oxford; 2Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath;
3
Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge;
4
Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
Background: The role of thiol reductases and isomerases in thrombus
formation is well-documented post platelet activation, and is dependent upon the NADPH/thioredoxin reductase/thioredoxin system.
Inhibitors of this system are of clinical interest with regards to the
treatment of inflammation and cancer, yet their effect on platelet activation is largely unknown. Considering the significant interest in using
NADPH/thioredoxin reductase/thioredoxin inhibitors in the clinic, we
thought it pertinent to determine their potential to affect haemostasis.
Aims: To evaluate the effects of thioredoxin reductase/thioredoxin
inhibitors on platelet function.
Methods: Light transmission aggregometry was used to assess
platelet aggregation in PRP. Fura-2-loaded washed platelets were
used to examine agonist-induced Ca2+ release. Receptor cell surface levels, granule secretion and integrin aIIbB3 activation were
measured by FACS. Free thiols were evaluated with DyeLight
800.
Results: The level of free thiols on the surface of platelets was high,
and was reduced by small molecule inhibitors of thioredoxin. These
inhibitors (PMX 464 and PX-12) selectively reduced platelet responses
to the GPVI-specific agonist, CRP-XL, while the protein disulphide
isomerase inhibitor rutin had no effect. ADP-, thrombin- and U46619induced platelet activation was unaffected by thioredoxin inhibitors.
287
Kinetics is a determining factor in the inhibition of GPVI-mediated

aggregation responses by PMX 464, with increased incubation times
leading to an enhanced inhibitory effect. In addition, early indications
are that the effects of thioredoxin inhibition on platelet function
extend to thrombus formation in whole blood under flow (type I collagen, Bioflux).
Conclusion: PMX 464 inhibits GPVI-mediated platelet activation and
the formation of thrombi on collagen under flow conditions. These
findings suggest that the use of thioredoxin inhibitors may affect haemostasis.
PO066-MON
Prediction of high on-treatment platelet reactivity in
clopidogrel-treated patients with acute coronary
syndromes, using advanced artificial neural networks
Podda GM1, Grossi E2, Palmerini T3, Buscema M4, Femia EA5,
Mariani A3, Riva DD3 and Cattaneo M1,5
1
Medicina III, Ospedale San Paolo; 2Centro Diagnostico Italiano,
Milano; 3Dipartimento cardiovascolare, Policlinico S. Orsola,
Bologna; 4Semeion Research Centre, Roma; 5Dipartimento di
Scienze della Salute, Universit
a Degli Studi Di Milano, Milano,
Italy
Background: The prospective GEPRESS (GEne Polymorphism, Platelet REactivity and the Syntax Score) study showed that in clopidogreltreated patients with acute coronary syndromes undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and a SYNTAX Score (SS) > 14, high
on-treatment platelet reactivity (HPR) at 1 month was an independent
predictor of adverse cardiac events. Traditional statistical methods
(TSM) do not predict HPR based on patients characteristics. Artificial
Neural Networks (ANNs) are computerized algorithms resembling
interactive processes of human brain, which analyse very complex
non-linear phenomena.
Aims: To evaluate 1) the correlation between platelet reactivity at
1 month and demographic, clinical and genetic variables of patients
enrolled in GEPRESS, using TSM and ANNs; 2) the accuracy of
ANNs in predicting HPR at 1 month.
Methods: A complete set of data was available from 603 patients.
Forty-eight demographic, clinical and genetic variables were analysed
by ANNs and TSM. Platelet reactivity was measured by the vasodilator stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) phosphorylation assay at 3
time points (before PCI, at hospital discharge and 1 month after PCI)
and expressed as platelet reactivity index (PRI). HPR was defined as
PRI > 50%.
Results: The platelet reactivity phenotype was very unstable, as it
changed in 43% of patients at the 3 time points. Using TSM, PRI at
1 month was inversely associated with diabetes mellitus and CYP2C19
681GG genotype, and directly associated with CYP2C19 681AA/AG
genotypes (Spearmans test). ANNs identified additional variables
associated with PRI at 1 month: SS, the number of diseased coronaries, history of coronary artery disease, CYP3A4, ITBG3, IRS-1 and
ABCB-1 polymorphisms. Despite its better performance, the accuracy
of ANNs in predicting HPR was only 53%.
Conclusion: Albeit superior to TSM, ANNs inaccurately predicted
HPR, likely because HPR proved to be a highly unstable phenotype
during the 1-month observation.
288
ABSTRACTS
PO067-MON
Aspirin resistance in medical inpatients on chronic
aspirin treatment
Fabbri A1, Grifoni E1, Pazzi M1, Paniccia R1, Gori AM1,2,
Bucherelli S1, Morettini A3, Marcucci R1 and Abbate R1
1
of Florence; 2Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS; 3Careggi
Hospital, Firenze, Italy
Background: High on clopidogrel platelet reactivity has been associated with an increased risk of major thrombotic complications in acute
coronary syndromes (ACS) patients, whereas high on aspirin platelet
reactivity is widely debated, and its definition and diagnosis are still
uncertain.
Aims: To evaluate the response to aspirin by both methods measuring
the entity of platelet inhibition and serum thromboxane B2 (TXB2)
production in hospitalized patients on chronic aspirin treatment.
Methods: A total of 118 patients, admitted to an Internal Medicine
Unit, and treated with aspirin (100300 mg daily) for at least
6 months for primary or secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease, were enrolled. Aspirin effect was assessed 3 days after admission
using two different Methods
serum TXB2 concentration measurement, and platelet aggregation
induced by arachidonic acid (VerifyNow aspirin reaction unit
(ARU); cut-off of aspirin resistance ARU 550).
Results: Thirty-two patients (27.1%) had ARU values 550. ARU
values were significantly related with TXB2 levels (r = 0.61,
P < 0.001). Patients with ARU 550 had significantly higher levels of
TXB2 with respect to those with ARU < 550 (9.9 [1.930] ng mL1
vs. 0.9 [0.62.2] ng mL1; P < 0.001). At linear regression analysis erithrocytes sedimentation rate (ESR) was the only variable significantly
associated with ARU values, whereas ESR, chronic kidney disease
and dyslipidemia were significantly associated with TXB2 levels.
Conclusion: A high prevalence of aspirin resistance was documented in
hospitalized patients on chronic aspirin treatment. The correlation
between the functional assay and measurement of the pharmacological
target demonstrates that platelet hyper-reactivity is related to an
impaired effect of the drug. Aspirin resistance, documented by high
levels of ARU and serum TXB2, might be associated with an inflammatory process not only in the acute phase of ACS, but also in other
acute illnesses.
PO068-MON
TXA2-binding proteins, dipetalodipin and triplatin,
block platelet-mediated nets formation in vitro and
inhibit thrombosis in vivo without impairing
hemostasis
Mizurini D1, Aslan JS1, Gomes T1, Ma D2, Francischetti I2 and
Monteiro R1
1
Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo De Meis, Federal
University of Rio De Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; 2National
Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of
Health, Bethesda, USA
Background: Thromboxane A2 (TXA2) is synthesized from membrane-released arachidonic acid during platelet activation and plays an
important role in thrombus formation. It was recently demonstrated
that platelet-derived TXA2 mediates the formation of neutrophil
extracellular traps (NETs). Dipetalodipin and triplatin are salivary
gland proteins that exhibit high affinity binding to prostanoids, such
as TXA2 which results in a potent inhibitory effect of platelet aggregation in vitro.
Aims: In this study we evaluated the ability of dipetalodipin and triplatin to block NET formation in vitro. We also investigated the in vivo
antithrombotic activity of TXA2 binding proteins by employing two
murine models of experimental thrombosis.
Methods: Clotting times were monitored in human PRP or in PPP
(supplemented with procoagulant phospholipids). Platelet-assisted
NET formation was identified by confocal microscopy using antibodies against citrulinated histone. The antithrombotic effect was
assessed, in vivo, by two models of arterial thrombosis.
Results: Dipetalodipin and triplatin abolished the collagen-mediated
acceleration of human platelet-rich plasma clotting. However this
effect was not observed in the absence of platelets. Remarkably, we
observed that both inhibitors abolished the platelet-mediated formation of NETs in vitro. Dipetalodipin and triplatin significantly
increased carotid artery occlusion time in a FeCl3-induced injury
model. Treatment with TXA2 binding proteins also protected mice
from lethal pulmonary thromboembolism. Effective antithrombotic
doses of dipetalodipin and triplatin did not increase blood loss.
Conclusion: Our results demonstrate for the first time that TXA2-binding proteins, dipetalodipin and triplatin, exhibit additional anti-hemostatic effect by decreasing NETs generation. Notably, both molecules
inhibit arterial thrombosis without impairing hemostasis.
Arterial vascular disorders

clinical I
PO069-MON
ADAMTS13 and the risk of myocardial infarction: an
individual patient data meta-analysis
Maino A1, Siegerink B2, Lotta LA3, Crawley JTB4, le Cessie S5,
Leebeek FW6, Lane DA7, Lowe GD8, Peyvandi F9 and
Rosendaal FR10
1
Thrombosis and Heamostasis, Angelo Bianchi Bonomi
Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Fondazione Irccs C
a Granda
Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; 2Department of
The Netherlands; 3Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and
Thrombosis Centre, Fondazione IRCCS Ca Granda Ospedale
Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Milano, Italy; 4Centre for
Haematology, Department of Experimental Medicine, Imperial
College London, London, UK; 5Department of Medical Statistics
and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden;
6
Department of Haematology, Erasmus university Medical
Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; 7Centre for Haematology,
Imperial College, London; 8Institute of Cardiovascular and
Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; 9Angelo
Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, Fondazione
IRCCS Ca Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano,
Universit
a degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy; 10Department of
Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Leiden University Medical Center,
Background: Low levels of ADAMTS13 have been repeatedly associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke but results for risk of
myocardial infarction (MI) are inconclusive.
Aims: To perform an individual patient data meta-analysis from observational studies investigating the association between ADAMTS13
levels and MI.
Methods: A one step meta-analytic approach with random effect was
used to estimate pooled odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) adjusted for confounding. Analyses were based
on dichotomous exposures, with the 5th and 1st percentile of ADAM 2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997
ABSTRACTS
TS13 antigen levels as cut off values. Quartile analyses, with the highest quartile as a reference category, were used to assess a graded association between levels and risk (dose response). Additionally, we
assessed the risk of the combined presence of low ADAMTS13 and
high von Willebrand Factor (VWF) levels.
Results: Five studies were included, yielding individual data of 1501
cases and 2258 controls. Low levels of ADAMTS13 were associated
with myocardial infarction risk, with an OR of 1.89 (95% CI 1.15
3.12) for values below the 5th percentile vs. above, and an OR of 4.21
(95% CI 1.7310.21) for values below the 1st percentile vs. above.
Additional adjustment for VWF levels did not affect the estimates
(OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.053.06 for the 5th percentile cut-off and OR
4.16, 95% CI 1.749.98 for the 1st percentile cut-off). Risk appeared
restricted to these extreme levels, as there was no graded association
between levels of ADAMTS13 and MI risk over quartiles. Finally,
there was only a minor synergistic effect for the combination of low
ADAMTS13 and high VWF levels (VWF levels above vs. below the
90th percentile OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.222.42; ADAMTS13 levels below
vs. above the 5th percentile OR 1.77, 95% CI 1.003.25; for the combination of the two risk factors OR 3.17, 95% CI 1.188.63).
Conclusion: Low levels of ADAMTS13 are associated with an
increased risk of MI.
PO070-MON
Diverse effects of PAI-1 On vascular smooth muscle
cells phenotype switch
Deng X, Luo M, Li R, Ren M, Chen N, Yan K, Zeng M and Wu J
Luzhou, China
Background: Pharmacological PAI-1 (plasminogen activator inhibitor1) has been shown to block both vascular smooth muscle cells
(VSMCs) proliferation and migration in cell culture and vessel neointimal formation following injury in vivo. However, role of PAI-1 in
VSMCs biology have not been investigated.
Aims: The purpose of this study was to determine molecular effects of
PAI-1 on VSMCs.
Methods: The expression of VSMC phenotypic switching gene markers
were measured by real-time PCR.
Results: We show that PAI-1 up-regulated the expression of serum
response factor (SRF), a transcription factor in regulating VSMCs
phenotypic modulation. Both the VSMCs differentiation marker genes
smooth muscle a-actin (SMA), smoothelin (SMTN) and synthetic
markers genes cyclin D1, 2 are all up-regulated by PAI-1 in VSMCs,
whereas using other recombinant PAI-1 mutants with selective lossof-function mutation we demonstrated that binding of PAI-1 to VN
down-regulates the VSMCs synthetic markers genes, and has no effect
on the VSMC differentiation marker genes. PAI-1 mutant with markedly reduced binding capacity for LDL receptor family members abrogate the effects of PAI-1 in the regulation VSMCs phenotype.
Furthermore, pretreatment of RAP (receptor associated protein) and
anti-LRP1 (LDL receptor-related protein 1) inhibited the phenotypic
modulation effects of PAI-1, suggesting receptor family is required for
PAI-1 regulation of VSMCs modulation.
Conclusion: Altogether, these data show diverse roles of PAI-1-VN
binding and LDL receptor family in the control of the differentiated
properties of VSMCs and suggest that the binding of VN is a key process for PAI-1 regulating phenotypic switch of VSMCs.
289
PO071-MON
Retinal vessel calibres and haemostasis in black and
white South Africans: the SABPA study
Lammertyn L1, Schutte AE1,2, Smith W1, Pieters M3 and
Schutte R1,2
1
Hypertension in Africa Team; 2MRC Research Unit for
Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease; 3Centre of Excellence for
Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
Background: Retinal arteriolar narrowing associates with hypertension
development and increased cardiovascular risk. Evidence on whether
the retinal vessel calibres are related to the haemostatic system is limited, especially in the black hypertension-prone population with a high
stroke incidence.
Aims: To investigate the relationships between haemostatic markers
and retinal vessel calibres in black and white South Africans.
Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study involving 71 black
(mean age, 58 years; 43% women) and 80 white (mean age,
51 years; 50% women) teachers with a central retinal artery calibre
smaller than 150.6 MU. We determined ambulatory blood pressures,
haemostatic factors (fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor, D-dimer,
plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and clot lysis time) and retinal
vessel calibres (arteriolar-to-venular ratio, central retinal artery and
vein equivalent).
Results: A total of 79% of the black, and 40% of the white teachers were hypertensive. The black population had higher fibrinogen
(P < 0.001), D-dimer (P = 0.039) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (P < 0.001) with narrower arterioles (P = 0.024) and wider
venules (P = 0.001). In the black population the central retinal
vein equivalent (CRVE) was positively (b = 0.293; P = 0.024) associated with fibrinogen, whereas in the white population the central
retinal artery equivalent (CRAE; b = 0.256; P = 0.016) was negatively and CRVE (b = 0.234; P = 0.021) positively associated with
von Willebrand factor. Furthermore, clot lysis time was negatively
associated with the CRAE (b = 0.390; P = 0.014) in the black
group and positively associated with the CRVE (b = 0.275;
P = 0.008) in the white group.
Conclusion: In individuals with possible arteriolar narrowing, fibrinogen may play a role in venular widening in the black population with
higher haemostatic and blood pressure levels, while vWF is linked to
both arteriolar narrowing and venular widening in the white population.
PO072-MON
Prognostic value of the CHA2DS2Vasc score in
patients experiencing a myocardial infarction
Conti S1, Vedovati MC2, Molle R1 and Maragoni G1
1
Division of Cardiology-UTIC-Cardiovascular Rehabilitation,
Usl 2 Umbria-Spoleto Hospital, Spoleto; 2Internal and
Cardiovascular Medicine and Stroke Unit, University of
Perugia, Perugia, Italy
Background: CHA2DS2Vasc score is an independent predictor for
adverse outcome in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) but its role in
patients experiencing a myocardial infarction (MI) is unknown.
Aims: To evaluate the role of the CHA2DS2Vasc score as predictor of
adverse outcome in long term follow-up after MI.
Methods: Patients with a recent IM and no evidence of mitral valve
disease admitted to a cardiac rehabilitation between July 2006 and
December 2014 were evaluated. Baseline characteristics, risk factors,
comorbidities, CHA2DS2Vasc score, exercise training risk class and
medications were recorded at admission and AF, heart failure (HF),
acute coronary syndrome (ACS), ischemic stroke (IS) and death in the
290
ABSTRACTS
follow-up. Statistical analyses were performed with Chi-square test,

students t-test and Cox regression.
Results: Overall, 319 patients were included in the study: mean age
63 11 years, 79% men. 289 patients underwent revascularization
procedures: 219 percutaneous technique and 70 surgery. One-hundredeighty-seven (57.7%) patients presented a CHA2DS2VASC score 3.
During the follow-up period (mean 3.2 2.4 years) 72 adverse event
occurred: 4.4% of patients developed HF, 8.8% AF, 3.1% IS, 7.8%
ACS and 1.6% died. 24 patients with a CHA2DS2Vasc 3 developed
AF (13%) and 4 with a CHA2DS2Vasc < 3 (2.9%): OR = 3.75, 1.29
10.86, P = 0.015. These outcomes more frequently developed in
patients with a CHA2DS2Vasc 3 (compared to CHA2DS2Vasc < 3):
HF 6.5% vs. 1.5%, IS 4.3% vs. 1.5%, death 2.7% vs. 0% and the
composite of death and cardiovascular events (IS and/or ACS) 13.0%
vs. 11.1% (not statistically significant). ACS recurrence occurred in
6.5% and 9.6% of patients with a CHA2DS2Vasc 3 and a
CHA2DS2Vasc < 3, respectively.
Conclusion: A CHA2DS2Vasc score 3 was a predictor of AF in long
term follow-up of patients experiencing a MI. A non significant association with other adverse outcome was also observed.
PO073-MON
Genetic risk factors on atherothrombotic disease:
comparison between two territories
Isordia-Salas I, Mendoza-Val
ez L, Alvarado-Moreno JA, SantiagoGerman D, Valades-Meja MG, Hern
andez-Ju
arez J, Jim
enezAlvarado RM and Majluf-Cruz A
Unidad de Investigacion Medica en Trombosis, Hemostasia y
Aterogenesis, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico, DF,
Mexico
Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke represent the most
important complications of thrombosis disease.
Aims: The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between
the PIA1/A2 polymorphism in the IIIa glycoprotein gen and C677T
polymorphism in the 5,10 methilenetetrahidrofolate reductase gen in
young Mexican patients with MI or stroke in two independent casecontrol studies.
Methods: A total of 297 patients 45 years old with MI and 297
healthy subjects in the control group were included. The diagnosis of
MI was based on an electrocardiogram, clinical data and laboratory.
They were admitted to the Intensive Coronary Care Unit of the Cardiology Hospital, CMN in Mexico City. In a second study, 235 patients
45 years old with stroke and 235 healthy subjects age-gender
matched were included. Diagnosis of stroke was considered after an
acute focal neurological deficit with duration greater than 24 h and
confirmed by brain-computed tomography or magnetic resonance.
The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Human Ethical
Committee of the IMSS, and conforms to the guidelines of the 1975
Declaration of Helsinki. Informed written consent was obtained from
all subjects before enrollment.
Results: Results: There was a difference in the PIA1/A2 genotype distribution (P = 0.001) between MI and control group, but not in the
PIA1/A2 genotype distribution (P = 0.67) between control and stroke
groups. In contrast, there was a significant difference in the C677T
genotype distribution (P = 0.001) between stroke and control group,
but not in the C677T genotype distribution (P = 0.60), between MI
and control group.
Conclusion: The allele PIA2 represented an independent risk for MI
but not for stroke. In contrast, the C677T polymorphism was associated with increased risk for stroke but not for MI. Our results suggest
a possible different role of genetics factors on atherothrombotic dis-
ease such as MI and stroke. In one territory may be associated,

whereas in other may be protector.
PO074-MON
Cardiological and thrombophilic risk profile in patients
with ocular arterial occlusion
Dropinski J1, Kubicka-Trzaska A2, Domagala TB1, Sanak M1,
Iwaniec T1 and Musial J1
1
II Department of Internal Medicine Collegium Medicum;
2
Department of Ophtalmology, Uniwersytet Jagieilonski,
Krakow, Poland
Background: Retinal vascular occlusion is common causes of blindness
and visual morbidity. The role of thrombophilia in the etiology of retinal artery occlusion has not been adequately clarified.
Aims: The aim of our study was to establish the prevalence of major
and potential inherited and acquired thrombophilic risk factors in 85
patients (49 females, 36 males; age: 56.6 years; range 2273) with ocular arterial occlusions. The control group consisted of 68 (36 females,
32 males; age: 55.8 years; range 2072) healthy subjects, without any
vascular, eye-related disease.
Methods: In all participants the prevalence of Leiden mutation (FV
Leiden), protrombin variant (20210 G/A mutation), Leu 34 polymorphism of the factor (F) XIIIA-subunit, deficiency of protein C, S, antithrombin and antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) were assessed. Also
intima-media thickness (IMT) in carotid arteries were measured using
ultrasonography.
Results:
Elevated
aPL
antibody
level
(IgG > 10 GPL;
IgM > 20 MPL) were detected in 15 of 65 patients (23%) and in 4 of
60 controls (6.6%). The incidence of FV Leiden, deficiency of protein
C were significantly more common in patients suffered from ocular
arterial occlusions (P < 0.05) compared to controls. Patients with ocular arterial occlusions had greater IMT than healthy subjects
(0.91 mm vs. 0.72 mm; P < 0.05). There was no significant difference
in the prevalence of deficiency of protein S, 20210 G/A mutation,
FXIII Val34Leu polymorphism and antithrombin level between
patients and healthy subjects. Among classic risk factors only hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia and cigarette smoking
were significantly more frequent in patients suffered from ocular arterial occlusions in comparison to controls.
Conclusion: These results show that thrombophilia plays a much
important role in the pathogenesis of retinal artery occlusions. According to these data, thrombophilia screening should be consider in preventing and treatment of such events.
PO075-MON
A novel assay demonstrates procoagulant platelets are
increased in patient undergoing coronary angiography
with differential effects by anti-platelet and anticoagulant therapy
Pasalic L1,2, Campbell H1, Wing-Lun E3, Hogg P1, Connor D4,5,
Muller D3,5 and Chen V1,6
1
Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales;
2
Haematology, ICPMR, Pathology West; 3Cardiology, St
Vincents Hospital; 4Haematology Research Laboratory, St
Vincents Centre for Applied Medical Research; 5St Vincents
Clinical School, University of New South Wales; 6SEALS
Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Background: Procoagulant platelets are a subset of activated platelets
that support thrombin generation and have been implicated in athero 2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997
ABSTRACTS
thrombosis. Study of procoagulant platelets is hampered by lack of
specific and sensitive marker. We have shown a novel marker GSAO
identifies necrotic/procoagulant platelets in whole blood flow cytometry assay.
Aims: We postulated that platelets from patients with coronary artery
disease (CAD) have heightened propensity to stimulus-induced procoagulant phenotype, which may be modified by antiplatelet agents
(APA).
Methods: After informed consent, blood samples from 60 patients were
collected during coronary angiography from radial/femoral and coronary arteries. Thrombin (T) or a combination of thrombin and collagen (T/C) were used to induce platelet procoagulant phenotype in
diluted whole blood. Previously, we established a normal response
profile in healthy controls. Linear mixed effects models were used to
explore the effect of modifying factors on procoagulant platelets.
Results: Compared to controls, subjects undergoing coronary artery
angiography had higher proportion of procoagulant platelets at baseline (4.1% vs. 0.4%, P < 0.0001) and in response to T/C (31.7% vs.
13.3%, P < 0.0001). Controls and patients without CAD showed a
marked synergistic increase in procoagulant generation with dual agonist (T/C). In contrast, patients with angiogram-confirmed CAD
reached maximal procoagulant potential with thrombin stimulation
alone. Aspirin alone had no effect, however patients on dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) demonstrated reduced T/C-induced procoagulant
platelets compared to no APA (OR 0.61, P = 0.0295). Patients on
UFH showed marked reduction in procoagulant platelets regardless of
the stimulus: T (OR 0.32, P < 0.0001) T/C (OR 0.38, P = 0.0001).
Conclusion: Platelets in patients undergoing coronary angiography
showed increased procoagulant potential, which was favourably modified by DAPT but not aspirin alone. Novel necrosis marker, GSAO
has potential as a biomarker in coronary disease.
PO076-MON
Relation between invasive central pulse pressure and
thrombogenicity
Chen G, Bliden K, Liu F, Tantry U and Gurbel P
Sinai Center for Thrombosis Research, Sinai Hospital of
Baltimore, Baltimore, USA
Background: Hypercoagulability according to high thrombin-induced
platelet-fibrin clot strength measured by thrombelastography (TEG)
has been associated with ischemic event occurrences in coronary artery
disease (CAD) patients. Aortic central pulse pressure (CPP) has been
independently associated with the occurrence and extent of CAD in
patients undergoing coronary angiography. The relation between hypercoagulability and CPP has not been demonstrated.
Aims: Our aim was to investigate the potential relation between
parameters of CPP using invasive hemodynamic techniques and
thrombogenicity in CAD patients.
Methods: In 371 consecutive patients, CPP waveform was captured at
the ascending aorta using a pigtail catheter during coronary angiography procedure. We calculated CPP, pulsatility index (PI, the ratio of
CPP to diastolic pressure) and fractional CPP (FPP, the ratio of CPP
to mean arterial pressure). Thrombogenicity was assessed by TEG
prior to angiography.
Results: Patients were divided into CAD with essential hypertension
(EH) group and without EH group. Patients with EH had significantly
higher thrombin induced platelet-fibrin clot strength (TIP-FCS) vs.
patients without EH (66.1 6.0 mm vs. 63.9 5.7 mm, P = 0.012).
Patients in the highest TIP-FCS quartile had higher CPP (P < 0.001),
PI (P < 0.001) and FPP (P < 0.007). TIP-FCS in patients with CPP
cutoff 50 mmHg was significantly higher than in patients with CPP
cutoff < 50 mmHg (66.4 5.8 vs. 63.9 5.0, P < 0.001). CPP
70 mmHg was identified as the matched point for hypercoagulability
291
(TIP-FCS > 69.0 mm) in female patients (area under curve: 0.70; 95%
CI: 0.61 to 0.78; P < 0.0001), and CPP 57 mmHg was identified as
the matched point for hypercoagulability in African-American
patients (area under curve: 0.67; 95% CI 0.61 to 0.72; P < 0.0001).
Conclusion: This study suggests that invasive CPP,PI and FPP are
associated with hypercoagulability measured by TEG. Clinical significance of this relation is unknown at this time and should be further
studied.
PO077-MON
Drug-eluting coronary stents generate lower level of
cellular activation compared to bare metal stents in
stable angina patients
nyi A1,
k T2, Debreceni IB1, Fejes Z1, Kere
Nagy B Jr1, Szu
Edes I2
1
and Kappelmayer J
1
Department of Laboratory Medicine; 2Department of
Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen,
Debrecen, Hungary
Background: Drug-eluting stents (DES) are considered as reliable tools
for coronary stenting, however, the direct effect of these stents on
platelet, leukocyte and endothelium function has not been fully
explored and compared to that of bare metal stents (BMS).
Aims: Here we analyzed the level of different mediators of cellular activation after elective DES or BMS stenting that may indicate the development of clinical complications.
Methods: We recruited 49 stable angina patients: 28 were treated with
BMS (Integrity, Medtronic), and 21 received everolimus-eluting
stents (Xience Prime, Abbott). Citrated plasma samples were collected at 3 different time points: (i) prior to stenting, (ii) after the procedure within 24 h, and (iii) after 1 month under dual anti-platelet
therapy. Platelet activation was followed via surface P-selectin by flow
cytometry with sCD40L and PDGF levels. Activation of leukocytes
was analyzed by sICAM-1. Levels of sVCAM-1, sE-selectin, sP-selectin and von Willebrand factor antigen (vWFAg) were measured to
evaluate the degree of endothelial injury. Response to aspirin and
clopidogrel treatment was also tested.
Results: Increased platelet activation was detected regardless of stent
type and anti-platelet medication even after 1 month. However, in DES
but not in BMS, PDGF level was significantly decreased during the time
period. Concentrations of activation markers of coronary endothelium
were more elevated after BMS compared to DES implantation.
Although stenting caused no stent thrombosis until the clinical end point
of 6 months, there were 6 BMS patients displaying restenosis with significantly increased sCD40L (645 358 vs. 355 177 pg mL1) and sICAM-1 (228 55 vs. 186 51 ng mL1) levels after 1 month vs.
those without complications. Finally, non-responsiveness to anti-platelet
drugs did not influence the alteration in these markers.
Conclusion: DES implantation seems to be a safer coronary intervention based on the changes in different cellular activation markers compared to BMS.
PO078-MON
Neutrophil extracellular traps in coronary artery
thrombi in patients with acute myocardial infarction
Autar A1, Kurata M1, Mensink D1, Regar E1, Valgimigli M1,
Leebeek F2, Zijlstra F1, Maat MD2 and Beusekom HV1
1
Cardiology; 2Hematology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The
Netherlands
Background: Patients with an acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction
(STEMI) routinely undergo primary coronary intervention (pPCI) with
292
ABSTRACTS
thrombus aspiration. We hypothesize that specific characteristics of the

arterial thrombus contribute to disease progression and impaired myocardial reperfusion after successful PCI. This is called no-reflow and is
an important determinant of prognosis of STEMI patients. Recent data
(including our own observations) indicate that thrombi often contain
highly thrombogenic neutrophil nuclear extra cellular traps (NETs).
Aims: We aimed to assess the appearance of NETs in the aspirated
coronary artery thrombi in STEMI patients.
Methods: Seventy-two STEMI patients were enrolled who underwent
a PCI and thrombectomy. Patients with past history of revascularization, kidney and liver failure, and known malignancies were excluded.
Thrombi, collected during pPCI, were stained using hematoxylin eosin
and resorcin fuchsin and by immunohistochemistry for myeloperoxidase (MPO) and DNA. NETs were defined as the co-localization of
extracellular MPO and DNA.
Results: About 37.5% of all thrombi showed co-localization of MPO
and DNA, indicating NETs. NETs were not observed in micro
thrombi (< 0.5 mm). Previous pilot data indicate that all thrombi larger than 0.5 mm show presence of NETs. There was no preferred
NETs location within the thrombus, varying from diffuse presence
throughout the thrombus, accumulation at the borders or clustered in
hotspots within the thrombus.
Conclusion: Coronary artery thrombi contain NETs that are randomly
distributed throughout the coronary artery thrombus, but are not
present in micro-thrombi.
PO079-MON
Association between glucometabolic control and
degree of hypercoagulability in patients with combined
type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease
Bratset V, Byrkjeland R, Solheim S, Arnesen H and Seljeflot I
Cardiology, Center for Clinical Heart Research, Oslo, Norway
Background: Patients with combined type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)
and coronary artery disease (CAD) represent a high risk population
regarding atherothrombotic events. Hyperglycemia with consecutive
hyperinsulinemia is associated with a prothrombotic milieu and endothelial activation with increased release of both tissue factor (TF) and
tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI).
Aims: To investigate whether haemostatic markers were associated
with glucometabolic control assessed by HbA1c, HOMA2 index, fasting glucose and insulin.
Methods: The study population (n = 137) consists of patients with
CAD and known T2DM, taking part in the EXCADI-trial, a study
primarily on the effect of exercise training on markers of atherosclerosis. The regional Ethics Committee approved the study and all patients
have given written informed consent to participate. Venous blood
samples were drawn in a fasting condition at study start and citrated
plasma was stored frozen at 80 C until analyzed. Levels of TF, freeand total TFPI Antigen, pro-thrombin fragment 1 + 2 and D-dimer
were determined by ELISA. The CAT assay was used to measure
ex vivo thrombin generation.
Results: HbA1c was significantly correlated to free- and total TFPI
(r = 0.198 and r = 0.186 respectively, P < 0.05, both). A significant
correlation was also seen between fasting glucose and free- and total
TFPI (r = 0.252 and r = 0.279, respectively, P < 0.01, both). Further,
the levels of free- and total TFPI were significantly correlated to TF
(r = 0.217, r = 0.308, respectively, P < 0.01, both). No significant correlations were observed between glucometabolic control and thrombin
generation.
Conclusion: The results demonstrate a positive association between
poor glycaemic control and levels of TFPI in patients with combined
CAD and T2DM, potentially due to endothelial activation. The significant relationship between TFPI and TF might also indicate a compen-
sating mechanism in order to inhibit activation of TF-dependent

pathway of coagulation.
Atherosclerosis I
PO080-MON
Association of ABCB1 C3435T polymorphism with
blood glucose levels and risk of coronary artery disease
in Thais
Jirungda S1,2, Komanasin N2,3, Settasatian N2,4, Settasatian C2,5,
Kukongwiriyapan U2,6, Intharapetch P2,7 and Senthong V2,8
1
Ph.D. candidate in Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School;
2
Cardiovascular Research Group; 3Department of Clinical
Microscopy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences;
4
Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Associated
Medical Sciences; 5Department of Pathology, Faculty of
Medicine; 6Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine;
7
Queen Sirikit Heart Center of the Northeast Hospital;
8
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen
University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
Background: ATP-binding cassette transporter 1 (ABCB1) is a transporter protein called P-glycoprotein (P-gp) that functions as the cellular efflux for transporting a variety of substances. Previous reports
have revealed that ABCB1 C3435T (rs1045642) polymorphism is
associated with alteration in P-gp expression among different populations and ethnicities. Lower expression of P-gp has been proposed to
reduce insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells of rat model, which is
the leading cause of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Moreover, DM is
in turn a risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD).
Aims: To investigate the relationship between ABCB1 C3435T polymorphism with blood glucose levels and the risk of CAD in Thai subjects.
Methods: A total of 252 Thai subjects were enrolled in the study
including 88 CAD, 63 non-CAD and 111 healthy controls. The polymorphism of ABCB1 C3435T was determined by polymerase chain
reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism techniques using 2
units of Sau3AI restriction enzyme.
Results: The genotype frequencies of CC, CT and TT genotypes
between CAD and healthy controls were significantly different (37.5
vs. 24.3, 48.9 vs. 47.7 and 13.6 vs. 9.9%, respectively, P = 0.024).
However, this was not observed when compared those between CAD
and non-CAD. Fasting blood glucose levels in CAD with TT genotype
were significantly higher than those in individuals with CT and CC
(P = 0.001 and 0.018 respectively). Interestingly, the TT genotype
revealed an increased risk for CAD compared to CC genotype in
healthy controls (OR=3.1; 95% CI 1.4, 7.3; P = 0.007).
Conclusion: These findings suggested that the association of the
ABCB1 C3435T polymorphism with an increased risk of CAD may be
modulated by its effect on blood glucose levels.
ABSTRACTS
PO081-MON
Understanding gene expression in coronary artery
disease through global profiling, network analysis and
independent validation of key candidate genes
Arvind P
Mary and Garry Weston Functional Genomics Unit, Thrombosis
Research Institute, Bengalore, India
Background: The molecular mechanism underlying the patho-physiology of coronary artery disease is complex, involving multiple biological pathways that interact with each other and can be visualized in the
form of a network.
Aims: The aim of the study is to analyze the global gene expression
pattern in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients and to identify significant differentially expressed genes and pathways associated with
the disease in a representative cohort of Asian Indians.
Methods: We initially performed blood transcriptomics profiling in 20
subjects, including 10 CAD patients and 10 healthy controls on the
Agilent microarray platform. Data was analyzed by Gene Spring
Gx12.5, followed by network analysis using David v.6.7 and Reactome
databases. The most significant differentially expressed genes from
microarray were independently validated by real time PCR in 97 cases
and 97 controls.
Results: A total of 190 gene transcripts showed significant differential
expression (fold change > 2, P < 0.05) between the cases and the controls of which 142 genes were up regulated and 48 genes were down
regulated. Genes associated with inflammation, immune response, cell
regulation, proliferation and apoptosis pathways were enriched while
inflammatory and immune response genes were displayed as hubs in
the network, having a greater number of interactions with the neighbouring genes. Expression of EGR1/2/3, IL8, CXCL1, PTGS2, CD69,
IFNG, FASLG, CCL4, CDC42, DDX58, NFKBID and NR4A2
genes were independently validated; EGR1/2/3 and IL8 showed > 8fold higher expression in cases relative to the controls implying their
important role in CAD development.
Conclusion: Global gene expression profiling combined with network
analysis can help in identifying key genes and pathways in CAD.
PO082-MON
Insights into the genetic architecture of coronary artery
disease in Asian Indians
Nair J, Aravind P, Shanker J and Kakkar VV
Functional Genomics, Thrombosis Research Institute, Bengaluru,
India
Background: Genetic approaches have helped in identifying a number
of loci associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). Given that
Asian Indians are highly predisposed to CAD at younger age could be
attributed to a unique genetic architecture in this population.
Aims: We aimed to study the pattern of genetic association of a wide
array of variants in a representative cohort of Asian Indians enrolled
in the Indian Atherosclerosis Research Study.
Methods: We surveyed published literature and internal discoveries to
prioritize single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that showed significant association with CAD. The selected variants were genotyped by
Taqman assay in 500 CAD patients (includes cases with chronic stable
angina [CSA] and myocardial infarction [MI]) and 500 age and gender
matched controls. Significant physical interaction among proteins
encoded by genes in these loci were analysed with DAPPLE (Disease
Association Protein-Protein Link Evaluator). Gene enrichment analysis
was performed using ClueGO to identify significant pathways.
Results: A total of 82 potential SNPs were selected. The most significant SNPs belonged to the well-established CAD risk locus, the 9p21.3
region (rs1333049, rs2383206, rs4977574), KIF6 (rs20455), CNNM2
293
(rs12413409) and CELSR2-PSRC1-SORT1 gene cluster (rs599839). In

subset analysis, in addition to 9p21.3 variants, there was significant
association of PLA2G2A (rs3753827) and PHACTR1 (rs9349379)
with MI and ZC3HC1 (rs11556924), HNF-1A (rs2259816) and
CELSR2-PSRC1-SORT1 variants with CSA condition. The network
generated by DAPPLE revealed 9 genes to be highly connected which
formed two main clusters representing the lipid associated genes and
cell-cycle regulating genes.
Conclusion: Genetic analysis on a representative Asian Indian cohort
confirmed the association of certain previously reported variants and a
distinct association pattern in CSA and MI cases. Network analysis
revealed an important role for lipids, inflammation and cell cycle regulation pathways in CAD.
PO083-MON
Circulating lymphocytes and monocytes as risk factors
for coronary artery disease in Indian population
Ponnusamy T1, Venkatachala SK2, Ramanjappa M3, Kakkar VV1,4
and Mundkur L1
1
Molecular Immunology, Thrombosis Research Institute;
2
Cardiology, narayana Institute of Cardiac Sciences; 3Clinical
research unit, Thrombosis Research Institute, Bangalore, India;
4
Molecular Immunology, Thrombosis Research Institute, London,
UK
Background: Inflammation and adaptive immune response is the key
feature of coronary atherosclerosis and its clinical manifestation. Circulating monocytes and lymphocytes are known to contribute to the
progression of atherosclerotic lesions from a stable to an unstable
state. The relationship and risk association between the circulating leukocyte subpopulation and acute coronary syndrome has not been
studied in detail.
Aims: We investigated the relationship between the circulating monocyte, and T lymphocyte subsets and patients with myocardial infarction compared to healthy controls in an Asian Indian population
Methods: The proportion of different monocyte population (CD14++
CD16, CD14+ CD16+ and CD14+ CD16++) and T helper cells
(CD3+ CD4+) with intracellular expression of IFN-c, IL17 were
assessed by Flow cytometry in the peripheral blood of patients with
myocardial infarction (n = 71) and healthy controls (n = 60). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 17.0 for Windows.
Results: The frequency of CD14++ CD16 inflammatory monocyte
population, and the CD4+ IL17+ (TH17) were significantly higher in
MI patients compared to control (69.04 1.25 vs.78.53 1.27
P < 0.001 and 3.91 0.19 vs. 4.69 0.3, P = 0.03 respectively),
While the frequency of CD16high monocytes with regulatory function
was lower in MI patients (5.78 0.46 vs. 4.10 0.38 P = 0.005) We
also observed a significant increase in the CD4/CD8 T cell ratio in the
patient population compared to control (4.09 0.28 vs. 4.55 0.36,
P = 0.037). Logistic regression analysis revealed an age, gender and
risk factor adjusted independent odds ratio of 1.35, 95% CI 1.051.74,
P = 0.018 for Th17 cells and 1.12, 95% CI 1.061.18, P < 0.001 for
inflammatory monocytes.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that inflammatory monocyte
(CD14++ CD16 and the Il17 secreting pro inflammatory Th17 cells
can be independent predictors of acute Myocardial infarction.
294
ABSTRACTS
PO084-MON
Translational informatics approach linking risk of
cornary artery disease, infection and inflammation
Vangala RK, Sharma A and Ghatge M
Bangalore, India
Background: Translational informatics approaches are needed for integrating diverse and ever accumulating data to enable translational
medicine. Herein, we implemented a novel approach for understanding
the link between infection and coronary artery disease (CAD) along
with potential biomarkers for clinical use.
Aims: To develop a translational informatics approach to link molecular mechanisms and identify potential biomarkers.
Methods: We searched the CAD-gene database, Uniprot database for
infection and inflammation, and Cytomegaloviruses (CMV) induced
genes published by Wang et al. (2010). Clinical phenotypes were
extracted from Unified Medical Language System and gene ontologies.
Microarray data was obtained from GEO-dataset: GSE48060. The
network construction was carried out using Cytoscape-3.0.2. Validation of results was performed in 200 patients with myocardial infarction (MI) compared with 200 unaffected controls from the Indian
Atherosclerosis Research Study Statistical analysis was carried out for
logistic regression, Hosmer Lemshow test and C-statistics using SPSS
version-17.
Results: We identified 55 Functional Communicator Ontologies
(FCOs) networking with 23 clinical phenotypes and 4 MI-specific
FCOs were found in global gene expression analysis in CAD patients
suggesting that, CMV infection can trigger xenobiotic mechanisms
resulting in oxidative stress, inflammation and immune modulation.
GGT-5 with all these molecular functions showed an odds ratio of
1.947 which improved to 2.889 after the addition of addition of CMVNeutralizing antibody titers and antibodies to Helicobactor pylori and
adjustment with conventional risk factors (CRFs). The C-statistics
improved from 0.503 for CRFs to 0.699 for GGT in combination with
above mentioned infections and CRFs.
Conclusion: Our translational informatics approach identified potential
molecular mechanism of CMV infection in atherosclerosis and linking
biomarker for risk prediction.
PO085-MON
Identification of novel genetic mutations in lowdensity lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene causing
familial hypercholesterolemia in Saudi Arab
homozygous children
Al-Allaf FA1,2,3, Athar M1,3, Abduljaleel Z1,3, Taher MM1,3,
Bouazzaoui A1,3, Abalkhail H4, Own R1, Al-Allaf AF5,
AboMansoor I1, Azhar Z1, Ba-hammam F3 and Alashwal A6
1
Medical Genetics, Umm-Al-Qura University; 2Department of
Laboratory Medicine and Blood Bank, King Abdullah Medical
City; 3Science and Technology Unit, Umm-Al-Qura University,
Makkah; 4Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Faisal
Specialist Hospital and Research Centre; 5Medicine, Al-Faisal
University; 6Pediatrics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and
Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Background: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal
dominant disease and is a major risk factor for the development of
coronary heart diseases (CHD). FH is predominantly caused by mutations in the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene. Mutations
in apolipoprotein B (ApoB) or proprotein convertase subtilisin kexine
9 (PCSK9) can also lead to FH phenotype. Herein, we describe genetic
analysis of severely affected homozygous FH patients who are mostly

resistant to statin therapy and are managed on an apheresis program.
Aims: To identify the genetic defects causing FH in Saudi population
and to develop a diagnostic test to detect the involved mutations.
Methods: Blood samples were collected from 22 severely affected rare
homozygous definite FH children patients. Additional 21 samples
from their first-degree blood relatives have also been collected. Genetic
screening for the LDLR, ApoB and PCSK9 gene mutations was performed by exon sequencing analysis using ABI 3500 genetic analyzer.
Results: We have identified two Novel mutations p.(D445*) and
p.(G676Afs*33) at exon 9 and 14 of the LDLR gene respectively. The
mutations are located in the EGF-precursor homology domain of the
LDLR protein. We have also identified two known mutations
p.(W577C) and p.(V806Gfs*11) at exon 12 and 17 of the LDLR gene
respectively, and one known mutation p.(A53V) in exon 1 of the
PCSK9 gene. Both the frameshift mutations and nonsense mutation
could probably lead to either mRNA degradation or to a truncated
protein that lacks important functional domains. Using a bioinformatics approach we theoretically explored the putative structure of the
wild type and mutant LDLR protein and the implication of structural
changes on the possibility of LDLR dimer formation.
Conclusion: This finding of common mutations causing FH in the
Saudi population could serve to develop a rapid genetic screening procedure for FH. In addition, these data contribute to the understanding
of the molecular basis of FH in Saudi Arabia.
Disclosure of Interest: F. Al-Allaf Grant/Research Support from:
National Science Technology Innovative Plan (NSTIP) of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (program number 09-BIO920-10), M. Athar:
None Declared, Z. Abduljaleel: None Declared, M. Taher: None
Declared, A. Bouazzaoui: None Declared, H. Abalkhail: None
Declared, R. Own: None Declared, A. Al-Allaf: None Declared, I.
AboMansoor: None Declared, Z. Azhar: None Declared, F. Ba-hammam: None Declared, A. Alashwal: None declared.
PO086-MON
Role of RS4988300 and RS3781590 LRP5 gene and
RS1466535 LRP1 gene polymorphisms in the cohort of
the prospective montignoso study
Sereni A1, Giusti B1, Sofi F1, Saracini C1, Galora S1, Cario RD1,
Latta DD2, Chiappino D2, Abbate R1 and Gensini GF1,3
1
Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence,
Florence; 2G.Monasterio foundation, CNR Regione Toscana, Pisa;
3
Don Gnocchi Foundation, Florence, Italy
Background: Atherosclerosis with its manifestations: coronary artery,
cerebrovascular, peripheral arterial occlusive disease and abdominal
aortic aneurysm (CAD, PAOD, CVD, AAA)] is a multifactorial conditions in which environmental and genetic factors are involved.
Polymorphisms in two members of the low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) family were demonstrated to be susceptibility factor for
AAA: rs4988300 and rs3781590 in LRP5 and rs1466535 in LRP1
gene.
Aims: We aimed to evaluate the role of rs4988300 and rs3781590
LRP5 and rs1466535 LRP1 polymorphisms as determinants of atherosclerotic manifestations in the cohort of the prospective Montignoso
study (n = 1514). In particular, we studied their association with
PAOD, CAD, and glucose levels.
Methods: Genomic DNA was isolated from venous peripheral blood.
We genotyped with TaqMan approach using the specific assays.
Results: At the multivariate logistic regression analysis, adjusted for
traditional cardiovascular risk factors, the status of rs3781580 LRP5
homozygous carrier was a significant and independent determinant of
PAOD (OR = 2.44 [95% CI = 1.115.37], P = 0.026), and the status
of rs3781580 LRP5 carrier (heterozygotes+homozygotes) was a significant and independent protective factor of acute myocardial infarction
ABSTRACTS
(AMI; OR = 0.54 [95% CI = 0.290.97], P = 0.039). Similar result
was observed for the status of carrier of the rs4988300 polymorphism
and AMI (OR = 0.55 [95% CI = 0.301.02], P = 0.057). Concerning
the rs1466535 LRP1 polymorphism, no association was observed with
atherosclerotic manifestations evaluated. Interestingly, the presence of
rs4988300 LRP5 was associated with significantly (P = 0.012) reduced
baseline glucose levels (GG = 100 [70242], GT + TT = 98 [58392]).
Conclusion: Our results indicated that LRPs polymorphisms might
have different role in different arterial districts affecting, at least in
part, the glucose metabolism.
295
Conclusion: Our patented substrate can be used in a stand-alone TG

method, as an assay on existing laboratory analyzers or in point-ofcare (POC) devices.
PO088-MON
Accurate recovery of pegylated and non-pegylated
therapeutic FVIII, using a specific aptt reagent, and
application on an automated coagulation analyzer
Doyle MJ, Khan A, DiStasio K, Sullivan A and Triscott M
Research & Development, Instrumentation Laboratory, Bedford,
USA
Blood coagulation tests I

PO087-MON
Active thrombin assay for improved treatment of
thrombosis
Ignjatovic V1,2, Berry L3,4, Chan A3,4 and Monagle P1,2,5
1
Haematology Research, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute
Melbourne; 2Department of Paediatrics, The University of
Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia; 3Thrombosis &
Atherosclerosis Research Institute (TaARI); 4Department of
Paediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada;
5
Department of Clinical Haematology, Royal Childrens Hospital,
Parkville, Vic., Australia
Background: Thrombin generation (TG) is a global assay of haemostasis that could monitor thrombosis risk, anticoagulation management, and guide therapy in bleeding disorders. However, TG
methods currently available are not able to specifically measure
active/free thrombin and rely on extrapolation from algorithms to
account for thrombin bound to inhibitors such as alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M).
Aims: To develop a substrate that measures true active thrombin.
Methods: Testing was performed using a patented substrate that allows
for exclusive measurement of true active thrombin and does not react
with thrombin bound to A2M and/or other thrombin inhibitors.
Results: Our substrate detects only free thrombin (Table) and functions in a chemiluminescent microplate assay, in plasma or whole
blood. The presence of anticoagulants such as heparin, dabigatran and
hirudin, inhibits the active thrombin generation. We have created luminogenic, fluorogenic and chromogenic versions of our substrate that
was covalently linked to macromolecules in microplate wells. Our substrate reacted with free thrombin but not thrombin-A2M.
Thrombin activity ( absorbance min1)
Substrate
Commercially available
substrate
Our Active Thrombin

Substrate
Thrombin
Thrombin-A2M
0.57
0.48
0.141
0.004
In summary, our microplate kit::

Uses a fluorimeter or luminometer to directly measure free
thrombin in plasma or whole blood.
Covers concentrations of 9 orders of magnitude (no sample dilutions).
Is amenable to change in detection substrates (i.e. electrogenic).
Is sensitive to the presence of anticoagulants.
Can be stored at room temp for rehydration at time of testing.
Is compatible with all typical activating reagents (e.g. calcium,
lipid, tissue factor).
Background: PEGylated FVIII shows longer half-life than non-PEGylated FVIII, providing a longer protective period to hemophiliac
patients. In previous publications, pegylation seemed to demonstrate
interference when assessed with APTT-based clotting assays, yielding
variable and inconsistent results. A commercial instrument test system, capable of yielding consistent accurate results with both PEGylated and non-PEGylated FVIII, is essential in monitoring its
therapeutic protection.
Aims: To demonstrate that Instrumentation Laboratory provides a
singular laboratory solution for FVIII monitoring based on the ACL
TOP Family automated instrument test system, utilizing SynthASil
reagent with its specific FVIII application, to reliably yield accurate
results for both PEGylated and non-PEGylated therapeutic FVIII in
patients plasma.
Methods: Samples were prepared spiking therapeutic FVIII into commercial FVIII-deficient plasma. Samples with PEGylated FVIII (N8GP; Novo Nordisk) and non-PEGylated FVIII (Advate; Baxter),
ranged from levels 0.01 to 1.1 U mL1. Additionally run were (SSC/
ISTH) Secondary FVIII Standards and known hemophiliac plasmas.
All samples were analyzed on the ACL TOP instrument using APTT
SynthASil reagent after having calibrated the FVIII assay with HemosIL Calibration Plasma. The specific FVIII application designed for
SynthASil was used throughout (Instrumentation Laboratory, Bedford, MA, USA).
Results: The ACL TOP FVIII SynthASil factor calibration was validated and saved. Results from all FVIII testing showed that for samples at all FVIII levels (0.01 U mL1 through 1.1 U mL1); the PEGFVIII (N8-GP) consistently recovered at 90 10%, comparable to
the non-PEG-FVIII which recovered at 98 7%.
Conclusion: Accurate results were seen for both therapeutic PEGylated
and non-PEGylated FVIII therapeutics, (N8-GP & Advate respectively) with excellent recovery, when analyzed on the ACL TOP instrument test system using the APTT-SynthASil reagent and its FVIII
application.
PO089-MON
Thrombin generation capacity and phenotypic
association in ABO blood groups
Kremers R1,2, Mohamed A3,4, Pelkmans L1,2, Hindawi S4,
Hemker C1,2, de Laat B1,2, Huskens D1,2 and Dieri RA1
1
Synapse; 2Department of Biochemistry, CARIM, Maastricht
University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; 3Department of
Pharmacology; 4Department of Hematology, King Abdulaziz
University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Background: Individuals with blood group O have a higher bleeding
risk than non-O blood groups, and non-O blood types are overrepresented in patients suffering from thrombosis. It has been shown that
296
ABSTRACTS
FVIII and von Willebrand Factor (vWF) are higher in non-O than in
O blood groups, which could increase the conversion of prothrombin
into thrombin and subsequently increase thrombin generation (TG).
Aims: We investigated the relationship between ABO blood group, TG
and its two constituent processes: prothrombin activation and thrombin inactivation.
Methods: Plasma levels of vWF, FVIII, antithrombin (AT), fibrinogen, prothrombin and a2Macroglobulin (a2M) levels were determined. TG was measured in platelet rich (PRP) and platelet poor
plasma (PPP) of 217 healthy donors. By a newly developed algorithm, prothrombin conversion and thrombin inactivation were
obtained from overall TG.
Results: vWF and FVIII levels were lower (75% and 78%, P < 0.001)
and a2M levels were higher (125%, P < 0.001) in the O group compared to the non-O group. Thrombin generation is 10% lower (ETP
and peak) in the O group in PPP and PRP (P < 0.05). Less prothrombin was converted in the O group than in non-O groups (86%,
P < 0.05). Thrombin decay capacity was lower in the O group as well
(0.652 min1 vs. 0.744 min1; P < 0.05), and the balance between
thrombin inhibitors AT and a2M was different between blood groups.
In the O group, a2M plays a significantly larger role in the inhibition
of thrombin than in the non-O group (126%, P < 0.01).
Conclusion: The lower TG in the O group is due to lower prothrombin
conversion, and a larger contribution of a2M to thrombin inactivation.
The former is unrelated to platelet function because it is similar in
PRP and PPP, but can be explained by the lower levels of FVIII.
Disclosure of Interest: R. Kremers Employee of: Synapse, A. Mohamed: None Declared, L. Pelkmans: None Declared, S. Hindawi: None
Declared, C. Hemker Employee of: Synapse, B. de Laat Employee of:
Synapse, D. Huskens Employee of: Synapse, R. Al Dieri Employee of:
Synapse.
PO090-MON
Haemostasis in cardiac arrest patients treated with
therapeutic hypothermia
Nielsen AKW1, Jeppesen AN2, Kirkegaard H3 and Hvas A-M1
1
Centre for Haemophilia and Thrombosis, Department of Clinical
Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N; 2Research
Centre for Emergency Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital,
Aarhus C; 3Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care
Medicine & Research Centre for Emergency Medicine, Aarhus
University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Background: Therapeutic hypothermia improves neurologic outcome
in patients resuscitated after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, but hypothermia is suspected to increase the risk of bleeding. Therefore,
patients with a suspected bleeding risk are not treated with hypothermia, although the influence on haemostasis is not fully investigated.
Aims: We aimed to investigate the haemostatic changes during therapeutic hypothermia. Our hypothesis was that clotting time was prolonged during hypothermia compared to normothermia.
Methods: We included cardiac arrest patients admitted to Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark, from January-August 2014. Informed consent was obtained from all patients or next of kin, and the Central
Denmark Region Committees on Health Research Ethics approved
the study. Patients were treated with hypothermia (33 1 C) for 24
48 h. Blood was sampled both during hypothermia and at normothermia. Haemostatic changes were investigated by thromboelastometry
(ROTEM) using a sensitive low-tissue-factor assay, and by standard
coagulation tests.
Results: We included 22 patients for data analysis. We compared samples
obtained after 22 2 h of hypothermia to samples obtained at normothermia approximately 48 h later. We found no significant changes in
clotting time, clot formation time, time to maximum velocity and maximum velocity (all P-values > 0.17). Fibrinogen (functional) was above
the lower limit of the reference interval in all patients. The maximum clot
firmness and fibrinogen (functional) were both significantly higher at normothermia compared to hypothermia (all P-values < 0.01). No significant differences were found in INR, aPTT or thrombin time comparing
hypothermia to normothermia (all P-values > 0.10).
Conclusion: The present study showed no substantial haemostatic
changes in cardiac arrest patients during therapeutic hypothermia
when compared to normothermia.
PO091-MON
Is TGA able to discriminate a different coagulation
profile in inhibitor patients with severe hemophilia a
as compared to non-inhibitor patients?
Mancuso ME1, Chantarangkul V1, Clerici M1, Fasulo MR1,
Padovan L1, Scalambrino E1, Peyvandi F1, Tripodi A2 and
Santagostino E1
1
Fondazione IRCCS Ca Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico;
2
Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health,
University of Milan, Milan, Italy
Background: Patients with hemophilia A (HA) have impaired thrombin generation (TG) capacity and TG assay (TGA) values are linearly
related to FVIII levels. A wide range of endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) values was reported in patients with the same FVIII activity.
In the presence of FVIII inhibitors (INH), possible differences in the
TG profile may exist but this has not been demonstrated so far.
Aims: This study was aimed at unravelling any difference in TG capacity in patients with severe HA with INH as compared to those without
INH and at identifying which determinants are involved.
Methods: Patients with severe HA, of any age, with or without current
INH, able to maintain a minimum wash-out period from treatment of
5 days were eligible. Blood samples were collected in a non-bleeding
state. TGA was performed in platelet-rich and platelet-poor
plasma corn trypsin inhibitor.
Results: TGA was performed in 102 patients with severe HA (median age 38 years; 87 without INH and 15 with high-responding
INH) and in 69 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. TG was
reduced in INH patients as compared to non-INH patients and the
difference was statistically significant for ETP and thrombin peak
under all experimental conditions. No correlation between TGA
parameters and INH titers was found. F8 mutations were known
in 88 patients (86%), being null in 50% and non-null in 36%. Null
mutations were more prevalent in INH than in non-INH patients
(80% vs. 45%; P = 0.006). TG was greater in patients with nonnull than in those with null mutations and the difference was statistically significant for ETP and thrombin peak under all experimental conditions.
Conclusion: This study showed a greater TG impairment of in INH
patients (irrespective of INH titers) and in patients with null mutations. Nonetheless, the ability of TGA to discriminate the presence of
inhibitors and, ultimately, the bleeding phenotype in severe HA
deserves further investigation.
ABSTRACTS
PO092-MON
Impact of edoxaban on a large panel of routine of more
specific coagulation assays
Douxfils J1, Bianco TD1, Baudar J2, Lessire S3, Chatelain B2,
Dogne J-M1 and Mullier F2
1
Pharmacy, University of Namur, Namur; 2Hematology
laboratory; 3Anaesthesiology, CHU Dinant Godinne UcL Namur,
Yvoir, Belgium
Background: Thanks to its predictable pharmacokinetics (PK) and
pharmacodynamics (PD), biological monitoring of edoxaban is not
required. Nevertheless, evaluation of plasma drug concentration may
be valuable in specific situations.
Aims: To assess and provide good laboratory practise for the accurate
estimation of edoxaban plasma concentrations using routine or more
specific coagulation assays.
Methods: Edoxaban was spiked at increasing concentrations (0
1000 ng mL1) in pooled citrated normal human platelet poor plasma
(PPP) to measure Prothrombin Time (PT), activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT), dilute Russell Viper Venom Time (dRVVT),
Thrombin Generation Assay (TGA) and anti-Xa chromogenic assays.
Results: Depending on the reagent, PT was not sensitive enough to
allow accurate quantitative measurement of plasma drug concentrations. Indeed, the 2xCT was 97 and 296 ng mL1 with the most and
the worst sensitive reagents, respectively. The mean Cmax obtained in
phase-III trials was around 150 ng mL1. Thus, depending on the
reagent, a normal PT cannot exclude the presence of edoxaban at therapeutic concentration. aPTT did not present a better sensitivity.
dRVVT could be useful to assess the PD of edoxaban at Cmax but is
not sufficiently sensitive(29CT of 70 and 82 ng mL1 for the screen
and the confirm reagent, respectively) for Cmin assessment which is
around 20 ng mL1. Chromogenic anti-Xa assays were very sensitive
(from 4 to 14 ng mL1). TGA may be useful to assess the PD of edoxaban but its turn around time and the lack of standardisation are limitations.
Conclusion: PT, depending on the reagent, and dRVVT could be used
as screening test to assess (supra)therapeutic levels of edoxaban. Chromogenic anti-Xa assays using calibrators should be recommended to
accurately estimate edoxaban concentrations.
PO093-MON
Modification of a thrombin generation test to identify
new cofactors of the protein C pathway in plasma
Martos L1, Deguchi H2, Bonet E1, Medina P1, Ramon LA1,
~a F1 and
Haya S3, Cid AR3, Bonanad S3, Griffin JH2, Espan
Navarro S1
1
Haemostasis, Thrombosis, Atherosclerosis and Vascular Biology
Research Group, La Fe Sanitary Research Institute, Valencia,
Spain; 2Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine,
The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA; 3Service of
Haematology, Hospital Universitario y Polit
ecnico La Fe,
Valencia, Spain
Background: Most of the known risk factors for venous thrombosis
(VT) are part of the anticoagulant protein C (PC) pathway or modulate its activity, although there may be unknown plasma factors that
modulate this pathway. The Automated Calibration Thrombogram
(CAT) is a test that measures the potential of a plasma to generate
thrombin.
Aims: To develop a modified CAT assay to make it sensitive to
changes in plasma concentration of new cofactors of the PC pathway
and to analyze its association with the risk of VT.
297
Methods: Thrombin generation was analyzed in plasma from 251

patients with an idiopathic VT history and 303 healthy controls in the
absence or presence of a mixture of activated PC (APC; 5 nM) and
protein S (PS; 50 nM). Five parameters were analyzed: lag time (TL,
min), endogenous thrombin potential (ETP, nM min), peak height
(PK, nM), time to peak (TTPK, min) and initial slope (V0).
Results: We observed higher values of PK (P < 0.001), ETP
(P = 0.0048) and V0 (P < 0.001) in patients than in controls. The addition of APC and PS increased the TL and TTPK values (P < 0.001),
and decreased the ETP, PK and V0 values both in patients and controls(P < 0.001). However, the increase in TL and TTPK and the
decrease in PK was greater in controls than in patients (P < 0.001).
Furthermore, 4 controls (2.6%) and 14 patients (7.2%) did not
respond to the addition of APC/PS, while 11 controls (7.2%) and 5
patients (2.6%) responded excessively to the effect of the addition of
APC/PS, taking as reference the average 1.5 SD (P < 0.001).
Conclusion: These results suggest that our modification of the CAT
assay may be useful to identify individuals with an increased VT risk,
and for the identification of new cofactors of the PC anticoagulant
pathway. ISCIII (PI12/00027, RD12/0042/0029, PI14/00512, PI14/
00079, FI14/00269, FIS-CP09/00065), FEDER, Generalitat Valenciana (Prometeo 2015), IIS La Fe (2012/0221). SN is an IIS La Fe
researcher. PM is a Miguel Servet researcher.
PO094-MON
Preliminary performance data of a new assay for the
quantitative determination of the activity of
unfractionated heparin (UFH) and low molecular
weight heparin (LMWH) using a single calibration
curve for both types of heparin*
Wilkens M, Becker-Scheidemann B, Borchert A, Halilovic S,
Hecker A, Hoffmann R, Jennemann-Watzka I, Muth M,
Neunziger R, Patzke J, Scheidler A, Schmidt S, Wecht B and
Lichte A
Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Products GmbH, Marburg,
Germany
Background: Heparin (UFH and LMWH) considerably accelerates the
inactivation of thrombin and coagulation factor Xa by antithrombin.
Therefore UFH and LMWH preparations are widely used as prophylactic and therapeutic anticoagulants. The quantitative determination
of the activity of UFH and LMWH usually requires heparin type specific calibration, increasing the risk of calibration curve mix-up in clinical practice, causing additional work for their establishment and
increasing material complexity.
Aims: Development of an automated chromogenic assay for the quantitative determination of the activity of UFH and LMWH in citrated
human plasma using a single calibration curve for both types of heparin.
Methods: A ready-to-use Factor Xa-dependent chromogenic assay,
a dedicated calibrator set and different levels of UFH- and
LMWH-containing controls have been developed. Calibrator
and controls are traceable to the International Standards for UFH
and LWMH. Applications have been developed for different analyzers.
Results: The heparin assay is calibrated from 0.10 to 1.50 IU mL1
and shows linearity over the entire range. Plotting the activities of
plasma samples spiked with the International Standards for UFH and
LMWH against their nominal activities and performing linear regression results in slopes between 0.90 and 1.10, demonstrating excellent
recovery. Equal nominal activities of different brands of UFH an
LMWH result in comparable raw values, showing suitability of the
298
ABSTRACTS
assay for a variety of heparins. Calibration stability is given for at least

3 months.
Conclusion: The new heparin assay in combination with calibrator and
controls offers a reliable method for the quantitative determination of
the activity of UFH and LMWH in citrated human plasma using a single calibration curve for both types of heparin.
*Under development. Not available for sale. Product availability may
vary from country to country and will be subject to varying regulatory
requirements.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Wilkens Employee of: Siemens Healthcare
Diagnostics Products GmbH, B. Becker-Scheidemann Employee of:
Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Products GmbH, A. Borchert
Employee of: Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Products GmbH, S. Halilovic Employee of: Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Products GmbH,
A. Hecker Employee of: Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Products
GmbH, R. Hoffmann Employee of: Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics
Products GmbH, I. Jennemann-Watzka Employee of: Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Products GmbH, M. Muth Employee of: Siemens
Healthcare Diagnostics Products GmbH, R. Neunziger Employee of:
Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Products GmbH, J. Patzke Employee
of: Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Products GmbH, A. Scheidler
Employee of: Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Products GmbH, S.
Schmidt Employee of: Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Products
GmbH, B. Wecht Employee of: Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Products GmbH, A. Lichte Employee of: Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics
Products GmbH.
PO095-MON
Provision of external quality assurance for
thromboelastography (TEG) and thromboelastometry
(ROTEM)
Kitchen DP1, Munroe-Peart S2, Jennings I2, Kitchen S2, Woods T2
and Walker I2
1
Point-of-Care; 2UK Neqas for Blood Coagulation, Sheffield, UK
Background: There has been a marked increase in Point of Care
testing (POCt) of haemostatic tests recently and one area showing
growth is Thromboelastography/Thromboelastometry. Thromboelastography is performed with the TEG device whilst Thromboelastometry is performed with the Rotem device. Both methods
measure the elasticity of a forming clot but measure different
parameters and cannot be directly compared. Devices are sited in
theatres and specialist wards and usually operated by non laboratory staff.
Aims: Following a pilot study UK NEQAS for Blood Coagulation has
launched a formal EQA programme with an aim to assess and improve
the quality of these tests
Methods: Two surveys have been performed by 33 TEG users and 24
Rotem users. For TEG the median values are calculated for R.K alpha
angle and MA using a plain cup to assess clotting and a heparinised
cup to detect the presence of heparin. For the Rotem median values
are calculated for CT, CFT, angle, A10, A15 and A30. Users have
been asked to perform inTEM, exTEM and hepTEM. These tests
assess the intrinsic and extrinsic clotting factors and the presence of
heparin. However only the R time for TEG and the CT for Rotem are
performance assessed (scored). Out of range results are derived by the
furthest 10% of results form the median value.
Results: For the first survey a normal sample was distributed and was
expected to give normal plasma values. Precision of these tests varied
between parameters with a range of 1073% for TEG and 237% for
Rotem. For the TEG method 10 users were out of range for the plain
cup and 9 for the heparinased cup. For the Rotem 4 centres were out
of range for the inTEM test and 3 for the exTEM test.
Conclusion: Our data demonstrates the need for EQA for these
devices.
PO096-MON
Anticoagulation assessment with prothrombin time
and anti-XA assays in real-world patients on treatment
with rivaroxaban
Konigsbrugge O1, Quehenberger P2, Belik S2, Weigel G3,
Seger C3, Griesmacher A3, Pabinger I1 and Ay C1
1
Clinical Division of Haematology and Haemostaseology,
Department of Internal Medicine I; 2Clinical Institute of Medical
and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of
Vienna, Vienna; 3Central Institute for Medical and Chemical
Laboratory Diagnostics, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck,
Austria
Background: Monitoring of anticoagulation with the direct factor Xa
inhibitor rivaroxaban is considered unnecessary in a routine clinical
setting. However, the assessment of its anticoagulant effect may be
desirable in certain clinical situations.
Aims: We aimed to compare prothrombin time (PT) reagents and antiXa assays to liquid-chromatography mass-spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)
measurements of rivaroxaban concentration in samples from patients
on treatment with rivaroxaban for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation (AF).
Methods: Citrate plasma samples were obtained from 30 randomly
selected AF patients on uninterrupted treatment with rivaroxaban for
a minimum of 1 month. The anti-Xa assays, Direct Xa Inhibitor
(DiXa-I) and Heparin LRT (both HyphenBiomed, Neuvillesur
Oise, France) were performed for both wide (0500 ng mL1) and low
(0100 ng mL1) calibrations of rivaroxaban. Two PT measurements
were taken (Thromborel S, Siemens, Marburg, Germany and Normotest, Technoclone, Vienna, Austria). Measurements were compared to
LC-MS/MS using correlation, linear regression, intra-class correlation
and Bland-Altman analysis.
Results: In 30 patients (9 female) of median age 71.5 years and BMI
26.5 kg m2, rivaroxaban concentrations between 2.4 and
625 ng mL1 (median 82 ng mL1) were measured by LC-MS/MS.
PT reagents were poorly sensitive for rivaroxaban concentrations
(r2 = 0.52 and 0.09). Anti-Xa assays DiXa-I (r2 = 0.95) and Heparin
LRT (r2 = 0.97) were sensitive to rivaroxaban in all concentrations,
but especially in low concentrations with low calibrations (r2 = 0.97
and 0.98, respectively). The highest agreement occurred between Heparin LRT and low rivaroxaban concentrations with a mean difference
of 5.3 ng mL1 (limits of agreement 12.9 to 2.4 ng mL1).
Conclusion: Anti-Xa assays can indirectly determine the concentration
of rivaroxaban for a wide range of concentrations in real-world
patients. An interpretation of anti-Xa and PT measurements in treatment with rivaroxaban requires knowledge of the local reagents.
ABSTRACTS
PO097-MON
Global hemostasis assays thromboelastography and
thrombodynamics evaluate hypercoagulation in
children with hemolytic anemia
Seregina EA1, Kuzminova JA1, Poletaev AV1, Sepoyan AM1,
Ataullakhanov FI1,2,3,4,5,6, Smetanina NS1,7 and Balandina AN1,2
1
Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology;
2
Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical
Pharmacology; 3National Research Center for Hematology;
4
HemaCore LLC; 5Department of Physics, Moscow State
University, Moscow; 6The Faculty of Biological and Medical
Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology,
Dolgoprudny; 7Pirogov Russian National Research Medical
University, Moscow, Russia
Background: Children with hemolytic anemia (HA) are characterized
by the 100-fold increased risk of thrombosis associated with high lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity. Yet, standard hemostasis assays
show no changes in the patients hemostatic state.
Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the hemostatic state in
children with HA using global hemostasis assays.
Methods: Forty four children (aged 6.3 4.1 years) with b-thalassemia major (n = 15), hereditary spherocytosis (HS) in steady-state
(n = 20) and during hemolytic crisis (n = 9) and 82 healthy children
(aged 7.4 4.3 years) as a control group were enrolled in this study.
The LDH activity and hemoglobin concentration (Hb) were measured
to evaluate the permanent hemolysis in patients (LDH > 200 IU L1,
Hb < 90 g L1). The angle a in thromboelastography (TEG), clot
growth rate V in thrombodynamics assay (TD), activated partial
thromboplastin time (aPTT) and prothrombin time (PT) were measured to evaluate hemostatic state.
Results: TEG and TD parameters were increased in children with HA
compared to control group (43 13 lm min1 vs. 31 9 lm min1,
P < 0.05 for a and 28 3 lm min1 vs. 24 2 lm min1, P < 0.05
for V) while aPTT and PT were not changed. TEG and TD parameters
were increased during hemolytic crisis compared to steady-state HS
(47 15 deg vs. 39 11 deg, P < 0.05 for a and 31 4 lm min1
vs. 27 3 lm min1, P < 0.001 for V). PT and aPTT were in reference range.
Conclusion: Global hemostasis assays TEG and TD are consistent with
clinical data for thrombosis risks of patients with HA and show hypercoagulation which increases in parallel with LDH activity.
Disclosure of Interest: E. Seregina: None Declared, J. Kuzminova:
None Declared, A. Poletaev: None Declared, A. Sepoyan: None
Declared, F. Ataullakhanov Shareholder of: HemaCore LLC,
Employee of: HemaCore LLC, N. Smetanina: None Declared, A. Balandina: None Declared.
PO098-MON
Clinically important differences in pharmacodynamic
effects of rivaroxaban and apixaban
Baker RI1,2, Szollosi R3 and McGregor SR2
1
Western Australian Centre for Thrombosis and Haemostasis
(WACTH) Murdoch University; 2Perth Blood Institute; 3Pathwest
Laboratory Medicine, Perth, Australia
Background: Rivaroxaban and apixaban are non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (NOACs) which exhibit inter-individual variation in pharmacokinetics (PK). However, it is uncertain whether this translates
into a significant alteration in pharmacodynamics (PD) in standard
laboratory measures used in clinical practice (aPTT, PT) or in thrombin generation as assessed by calibrated automated thrombogram
(CAT). This inconsistency may erroneously inform clinical decisions
in patients who experience NOAC related haemorrhage or prior to
urgent surgery.
299
Aims: To observe the PD changes in aPTT, PT and thrombin generation in patients taking rivaroxaban and apixaban.
Methods: Observational, retrospective study of patients with on rivaroxaban 20 mg daily or 15 mg bd (n = 210) and apixaban 2.55 mg
bd (n = 46) and predicted to have reached steady-state PK. Venous
blood samples were taken from 2 to 24 h after the last dose. Plasma
levels were assessed using a known calibrator (Hyphen Biomedical and
Diagnostica Stago) on the STAGO STA-R automated analyser. aPTT
(Actin FSL) and PT (ThrombotrolS) and CAT (Thrombinoscope
BV) were compared.
Results: NOAC levels varied between 5.3527.9 ng mL1 for rivaroxaban and 20331.2 ng mL1 for apixaban. There was a stronger correlation between rivaroxaban concentration and aPTT (R2 = 0.42) and
PT (R2 = 0.604) compared to apixaban (R2 = 0.07 and R2 = 0.24,
respectively). In patients with a NOAC level > 100 ng mL1, 113/127
(89%) patients taking rivaroxaban had a prolonged PT compared to
7/14 (50%) patients taking apixaban. Peak thrombin generation was
inhibited more strongly with rivaroxaban (R2 = 0.51) when compared
to apixaban (R2 = 0.17).
Conclusion: Direct measurement of NOAC concentration is more reliable than aPTT or PT measurement to guide clinical decisions. Peak
thrombin generation is the most sensitive measure on CAT of anti-Xa
inhibition by rivaroxaban and to a lesser extent apixaban. CAT could
be useful to assess thrombin generation in patients on NOACs requiring intervention.
Disclosure of Interest: R. Baker Grant/Research Support from: Dr.
Baker has received funding for clinical trials from Biogen Idec, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bayer, Baxter Healthcare, Pfizer, Daiichi Sankyo,
Astellas and CSL Behring, has participated in clinical advisory boards
for Amgen, Biogen Idec, Baxter Healthcare, Boehringer Ingelheim,
Bayer, Alexion Pharmaceuticals, and Pfizer, Research support from,
Baxter Healthcare, Bayer, Bristol Meyer Squibb and Alexion Pharmaceuticals has received conference travel support from Amgen, Novo
Nordisk, Baxter Healthcare and Alexion pharmaceuticals, R. Szollosi:
None Declared, S. McGregor: None declared.
PO099-MON
Monitoring new oral anticoagulants (NOACS) using
new-generation thrombelastography TEG6S System
Bliden K1, Muresan A2, Raviv G2, Cohen E2, Zaman F3, Saadin K1,
Mohammed N1, Chaudhary R1, Rafeedheen R1, Tantry U1 and
Gurbel P1
1
Baltimore, Baltimore; 2Coramed Technologies, Coramed
Technologies, Niles; 3Haemonetics Corp, Haemonetics Corp,
Barintree, USA
Background: New oral anticoagulants (NOACs) including direct
thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) and Xa inhibitors offer major advantages
over vitamin K antagonists. Although officially these agents do not
require monitoring, bleeding and ischemic events occur raising concerns for over or under inhibition during NOAC therapy. However,
no standardized test is currently available.
Aims: To evaluate the utility of new point-of-care thrombelastography
system (TEG 6S, Haemonetics Corporation, Braintree, MA, USA)
to quantify anticoagulant effects of NOACs.
Methods: Anticoagulant effect was assessed in healthy volunteers
(n = 26) on no medications and in patients with non-valvular atrial
fibrillation on Xa inhibitors (rivaroxaban and apixaban; n = 40), DTIs
(dabigatran; n = 24). Anticoagulant activity was measured using
TEG 6S (or CORA, Coramed Technologies, Niles, Il). Reaction
time (R) with an Ecarin and a Factor XA based reagent. The study
included both trough and peak concentrations as demonstrated by the
time from last dosage.
300
ABSTRACTS
Results: Compared to healthy volunteers, patients on Xa inhibitors

had significantly longer R times (1.3 0.3 min vs. 4.3 1.7 min,
P < 0.001). Patients on DTIs had longer R for both Ecarin
(1.5 0.2 min vs. 3.7 1 min, P < 0.001) and FXa (1.3 0.3 min
vs. 3.5 1.0 min, P < 0.001) levels. R-time of > 2.0 min accurately
identified patients on DTI and Xa inhibitors with 100% accuracy.
Conclusion: The automated TEG 6S system with its multichannel anticoagulant cartridge is a highly sensitive and specific test to assess the
anticoagulant effects of available NOACs. Further investigations
employing anticoagulation monitoring using this assay are warranted.
PO100-MON
In vitro models of thrombosis using human whole
blood under flow conditions
Hardy L, Hethershaw E, La Corte AC and Philippou H
Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, Leeds Institute
of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Leeds, UK
Background: In order to understand thrombotic mechanism various
in vitro and in vivo methods of thrombosis are employed. There are a
limited number of methods that are able to employ human whole
blood for the investigation of mechanisms of thrombosis and for
assessing efficacy of novel therapeutic agents.
Aims: The aim of this study is to develop an in vitro model of thrombosis that is able to investigate thrombosis in human whole blood under
physiological flow conditions.
Methods: To develop this model a BioFlux EZ was employed. Bioflux
200 (EZ), 48 well plates were coated with 100 mg mL1 collagen for
1 h at 37C and blocked with 5% (w/v) BSA in a TBS buffer for 1 h
at 37C followed by 16 h at 4C, before priming with TBS at 37C.
Whole blood is prepared (with the first 2 mL discarded) into 0.109M
sodium citrate (1/10). Alexa-488 labelled fibrinogen is added to a final
5% volume to the whole blood for 1 h at room temperature. As a control for small molecule work the same volume of vehicle is added (1%
DMSO). CaCl2 is added to a final concentration of 20 mM just prior
to the initiation of the experiment. The blood is passed through the
plate at a pressure of 10 dyne cm2. A lumascope-600 is employed for
visualisation of clot formation with two simultaneous channels. Videos
are prepared using the Bioflux 200 software. Time to occlusion is noted
from the video and still images.
Results: Using rivaroxaban at a final concentration between 0.1 and
50 lM we are able to demonstrate dose-dependent prolongation of
time to occlusion. These data demonstrate that this model may be suitable for screening novel anti-thrombotic agents prior to in vivo models
of thrombosis. It is also possible to use other forms of coating to initiate thrombus development.
Conclusion: This study shows that an in vitro model of thrombosis can
be employed for the screening of novel therapeutic agents and for
examining mechanism of thrombosis. Ultimately, this method may
reduce numbers of in vivo experiments required for thrombotic studies.
PO101-MON
FXII618, a new factor XII inhibitor: validation for
thrombin generation assay
Calzavarini S1, Baeriswyl V2, Quarroz C1, Heinis C2 and AngelilloScherrer A1
1
Department of Clinical Research, University Clinic of
Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory Bern, University
Hospital and University of Bern, Bern; 2Laboratory of Therapeutic
Proteins and Peptides, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
Background: Thrombin generation (THG) is a sensitive test for overall
assessment of the clotting potential. Despite its common use in
research labs, standardization of pre-analytic conditions is lacking preventing its use as clinical diagnostic test. A major drawback is the contact phase activation during blood collection and plasma processing
that deeply affects THG triggered at low dose of TF.
Aims: To test a new synthetic peptide (FXII618) against FXIIa and its
use in THG in comparison to CTI.
Methods: THG by means of the calibrated automated thrombogram
was performed on human normal plasma.
Results: In vitro, FXII618 inhibits hFXIIa (Ki 22 4 nM) and completely inhibits APTT and FXII activity in plasma at 40 lM. To evaluate the effectiveness of FXII618 in the FXII-inhibition in THG, we
used ellagic acid (EA) as thrombin trigger in normal plasma treated
with increasing FXII618 concentrations. FXII618 reduced the EAinduced THG in a dose-dependent manner, reaching a complete THG
inhibition at 7.5 lM (> 90% reduction of ETP and peak) similarly to
CTI. Both FXII618 and CTI did not affect the TGA, once induced by
high levels of TF, thus confirming their specificity for FXII. As the
contact activation could induce THG in the absence of an extrinsic- or
intrinsic-specific trigger, we evaluate the TGH in not triggered plasma
treated with/without FXII618 and CTI. FXII618 inhibited TGH significantly stronger than CTI (lag time: 55.8 3.7 and 38.7 1.9 min,
and peak: 60.3 0.8 and 78.0 6.8 nM, respectively). The addition
of FXII618 to whole blood soon after collection instead of on processed plasma completely block thrombin activation during 120 min.
In low-TF THG, FXII618 reduced the ETP to a similar extent as CTI,
but delayed the lag time more potently (lag time: 12.3 0.3 and
8.0 0.2 min, respectively).
Conclusion: The improved blockade of contact activation makes
FXII618 an attractive reagent for THG. Additional experiments using
pathologic plasma samples are on going in order to validate the use of
FXII618 in THG.
PO102-MON
PF4-R, a novel heparin neutralizing reagent suitable for
automated coagulometers: comparison with
heparinase in routine coagulation tests
Raynard S, Sadeghi-Khomami A and Hui Z
Precision BioLogic, Inc., Dartmouth, Canada
Background: A common source of pre-analytical error in the coagulation
laboratory is heparin contamination. Removal of the heparin effect is
essential for coagulation screening tests to be performed without interference. Methods for neutralizing heparin include cationic compounds such
as protamine and hexadimethrine, and extracorporeal removal devices,
each of which is associated with drawbacks that include treatmentinduced anticoagulation or hypercoagulabilty. Today, the heparindigesting enzyme heparinase is commonly used to remove heparin from
samples. However, this method also shows interferences in routine tests
and is not suited for automation on coagulometers.
Aims: To compare the performance of a novel, fast, automatable platelet factor-4 (PF4)-based heparin neutralizer (PF4-R) with heparinase
ABSTRACTS
in the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), prothrombin time
(PT) and Thrombin Time (TT).
Methods: Testing was performed on 100 clinical samples with elevated
aPTT and 50 samples from patients medicated with unfractionated
heparin. Samples were treated in parallel with PF4-R and heparinase
then tested. The difference in clot times (CT) between treatments for
each sample was calculated (PF4-RCT heparinaseCT). Results are
reported as the 95% confidence interval of the mean difference in CT.
Results: Both treatments gave similar aPTT and PT results with mean
differences of 0.4 0.6 s and 0.7 0.1 s, respectively. Heparinase
prolonged the TT by an average of 6.4 0.9 s relative to PF4-R. To
investigate the bias, samples that did not contain heparin were analyzed to determine the effect of each treatment compared to the
untreated sample (baseline). On heparin-free samples, heparinase prolonged the TT by 4.9 1.4 s relative to baseline, whereas the PF-R
gave a mean difference of 1.1 1.0 s.
Conclusion: PF4-R and heparinase show equivalent performance in
the aPTT and PT. However, heparinase treatment prolongs the TT
due to an interference that does not occur with the novel PF4-R neutralizer.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Raynard Employee of: Precision BioLogic,
Inc., A. Sadeghi-Khomami Employee of: Precision BioLogic, Inc., Z.
Hui Employee of: Precision BioLogic, Inc.
PO103-MON
Global assays do not predict bleeding phenotype in
hemophilia A
Manco-Johnson MJ1, Blades TA1, Kittelson J2, VillalobosMenuey E1 and Jacobson L1
1
Pediatrics; 2Biostatistics, University of Colorado Denver|
Anschutz, Aurora, USA
Background: There is a need for global assays to predict hemophilia
phenotype and guide therapy, owing to the wide variability in bleeding
rates among patients with similar factor VIII activity (FVIIIact).
Aims: The goal of this study was to determine the correlation between
baseline FVIIIact and parameters of three global assays, clot formation and lysis assay (CloFAL), thrombin generation assay (STP) and
thromboelastography (TEG), as well as the relationship of these test
parameters to bleeding phenotype.
Methods: Clinical and laboratory data were extracted from the database of a consented inceptional cohort study of bleeding disorders.
CloFAL and STP were performed as previously described (Goldenberg, Thromb Res 2005; Simpson, Thromb Res 2011). Whole blood
TEG was performed using kaolin activation according to manufacturers recommendations (Haemoscope, Niles, IL, USA) with the addition of TPA 50 nanogram mL1 whole blood. Individual global assay
parameters were correlated with FVIII act and bleeding rate.
Results: Thirty nine patients with FVIIIact between 0.5 and
30 IU dL1 were studied. Only CloFAL coagulability index (CI) and
TEG reaction (R) time were significantly correlated with FVIIIact
(P = 0.01, 0.029, respectively). Univariate associations with bleeding
rate in the previous year included FVIIIact (P = 0.048), STP time to
maximal thrombin (P = 0.037), TEG angle (P = 0.146) and TEG R
time (P = 0.194). After adjusting for baseline FVIIIact, no global
assay parameter significantly predicted bleeding rate and only STP
time to maximal thrombin approached significance (P = 0.101).
Results using a life-long annualized bleeding rate yielded equivalent
results.
Conclusion: Certain global assay parameters, namely CloFAL CI and
TEG R time, moderately predict FVIIIact. However, none of the global assays evaluated predicted bleeding rate. Further development of
existing global assays or novel laboratory approaches are required to
predict hemophilia phenotype.
301
PO104-MON
Testing an in vitro model of laminar flow for use in
large-scale aptamer screening
Sommerville L1, Pitoc G2, Sullenger B2 and Hoffman M1
1
Pathology; 2Surgery, Duke University, Durham, USA
Background: Anti-platelet drugs can effectively inhibit thrombosis, but
they present a bleeding risk and require extensive time to take effect.
Aptamers are single stranded nucleic acid molecules that directly inhibit protein function by binding to their targets. Antidotes rapidly
reverse aptamer activity by binding to and disrupting their structure,
thus allowing tight control of aptamer-induced protein inhibition.
Using aptamers to target platelet function is a promising alternative to
current anti-thrombotic therapies.
Aims: CellixTM is an in vitro model of laminar flow that assesses thrombus formation by measuring platelet binding to a substrate. The purpose of this study was to validate Cellix as a way to quickly and
affordably test the activity of three structurally related aptamers that
target Von Willebrand Factor. Data obtained with Cellix was compared to efficacy data obtained with a mouse model of FeCl3-induced
thrombosis.
Methods: In mice, aptamers were tested at doses of 0.093, 0.19, 0.38,
0.75, 1.5, and 3.0 mg kg1. In Cellix, equivalent concentrations were
added to human whole blood, which was then flowed through collagen-coated channels of a VenafluxTM microchip. Total surface area of
bound platelets was measured and expressed as a percentage of the
surface area of bound platelets from control blood.
Results: At least 0.38 mg kg1 of each aptamer was required to inhibit
thrombus formation in vivo. In Cellix 0.38 mg kg1 reduced platelet
binding > 60%. Additionally 0.093 mg kg1 reduced binding by 40%,
and 3.0 mg kg1 reduced binding > 98%. Our data show that Cellix is
an ideal model for determining aptamer efficacy because it allows generation of a complete dose-response curve, even with minimal doses.
Conclusion: Cellix has advantages over in vivo models because it uses
flowing human blood, requires less aptamer, and allows rapid screening of multiple molecules at multiple doses. Overall, our data show
that Cellix is a clinically relevant, time, and cost effective tool for aptamer screening.
PO105-MON
Polyhedrocytes in whole blood clots of patients with
type 2 diabetes
Siudut J1, Zaz bczyk M2 and Undas A2
1
John Paul II Hospital; 2Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian
w,
University Medical College and John Paul II Hospital, Krako
Poland
Background: Polyhedral erythrocytes (polyhedrocytes) have been
observed in whole blood clots and intracoronary thrombi (Cines DG
et al. Blood 2014). Platelets and fibrin(ogen) largely contribute to this
phenomenon in healthy people.
Aims: Since glycation of proteins, including those within cell membranes, affects thrombus structure, platelet function, and fibrin properties, we hypothesized that type 2 diabetes (DM) patients may form
less polyhedrocytes in blood clots possibly due to more rigid erythrocyte membranes and/or tighter fibrin networks, which might require
larger forces to contract blood clots.
Methods: We analyzed whole venous blood clots formed after 24 h at
22 C by adding 1 U mL1 human thrombin and 5 mM calcium chloride to citrated blood samples obtained from 25 DM patients on lowdose aspirin and statins (median HbA1c of 6.3%, range 5.57.9%).
The reference group represented apparently healthy volunteers. Clots
were fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde and prepared for scanning electron
microscopy. We calculated the area covered by various forms of ery-
302
ABSTRACTS
throcytes and the contraction ratio defined as a difference between the

area of native red blood cells (RBCs) and polyhedral erythrocytes
within the clot.
Results: In DM patients polyhedrocytes were detected in 23 (92%)
clots; a median surface of a native RBC within these clots was
26.6 lm2 and that of a polyhedrocyte 19.5 lm2. The contraction ratio
was 27% in diabetic patients and 35% in healthy controls (P < 0.05).
The area of the clot covered by polyhedrocytes > 10% (n = 19) in DM
patients was found to be associated with higher blood glucose, C-reactive protein, triglycerides, and RBC count (all P < 0.05), but not with
fibrinogen or HbA1c. The contraction ratio was inversely associated
with the RBCs distribution width (r = 0.53, P < 0.05).
Conclusion: Diabetic patients on aspirin are characterized by impaired
polyhedrocyte formation in blood clots, which contributes to high risk
of thromboembolism.
Cancer and thrombosis /

hemostasis I
PO106-MON
Activation of coagulation by antineoplastic drugs for
lymphoid tumors
Tsunaka M, Arai R, Ohashi A and Koyama T
Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and
Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
Background: Combining vorinostat (Vor), L-asparaginase (L-asp),
doxorubicin (Dox) led to improved response rates in the treatment of
lymphoid tumors. However, deep vein thrombosis (DVT) has been
noted as one of the most serious side effects with these drugs, and how
these regimens cause DVT is unclear.
Aims: We investigated the procoagulant effects of antineoplastic drugs
for lymphoid tumors, especially focusing on tissue factor (TF) and
phosphatidylserine (PS).
Methods: We examined the procoagulant effects of pharmacological
concentration of Vor, L-Asp and Dox, using a human vascular endothelial cell line EAhy926, a hepatocyte cell line HepG2, lymphoid neoplastic cell lines HUT78 (cutaneous T cell lymphoma), Molt4 (acute Tlymphoblastic leukemia) and Ramos (Burkitt lymphoma), respectively, as laboraqtory cell models.
Results: Vor, L-Asp and Dox induced exposure of PS and cell surface
procoagulant activity (PCA) on lymphoid tumor cells. Furthermore,
Vor and Dox induced PS exposure and PCA on EAhy926 cells.
Expression of TF antigen on cell surface was induced by Dox in each
cells, while TF mRNA remained unchanged. Secretion of antithrombin (AT) or protein C from HepG2 cells was reduced only by L-Asp.
Conclusion: Vor and Dox may induce PCA in vessels not only through
apoptosis of tumor cells but through PS exposure and/or TF expression on vascular endothelial cells. L-Asp induces thrombophilic state
by reducing secretion of anticoagulant proteins such as AT. Therefore,
surveying procoagulant markers such as D-dimers, prophylactic anticoagulant strategies should be considered in these antitumor drugscombination regimen.
PO107-MON
Procoagulant tumor microenvironment as target for a
TFPI-like molecule
Morais K1, Pacheco MTF1, Pasqualoto KFM1, Berra CM2,
Sciani JM1, Schmidt MCB1,3, Lamy MT4, Duarte EL4 and
Chudzinski-Tavassi AM1
1
Biochemistry and Biophysics Laboratory, Butantan Institute;
2
Biochemistry Mitochondrial Genetics Laboratory, Chemistry
Institute University of S~
ao Paulo; 3Biochemistry, Federal
University of S~
ao Paulo; 4Institute of Physics, University of S~
ao
Paulo, S~
ao Paulo, Brazil
Background: Tissue factor (TF) overexpression and phosphatidylserine
(PS) exposure on surface of tumor cells or in tumor stroma lead a
procoagulant microenvironment. In parallel, the endogenous FT pathway inhibitor (TFPI) has antitumor activity by inhibiting TF.
Recently, a TFPI-like molecule was identified through the transcriptome analysis of the salivary gland from the adult Amblyomma cajennense tick. The recombinant protein, named Amblyomin-X, is able to
inhibit the activation of FX through the extrinsic tenase complex or in
the presence of phospholipids. Also, this molecule has been shown
antitumor activity both in vitro and in vivo. In contrast, it has no cytotoxic effects on normal cells or healthy animals. Thus, a molecular recognition of this molecule by tumor cells or tumor stroma through
procoagulant features could be a reasonable hypothesis to explain differences in it cytotoxicity.
Aims: evaluate the role of the procoagulant tumor microenvironment
in the mechanism of action of Amblyomin-X.
Methods: PS-exposure detection was carried out by flow cytometry in
tumor cells (SK-MEL-28 and Mia-PaCa-2) and non-tumor cells
(human fibroblast). Differential scanning calorimety (DSC) was performed to verify the disturbance caused by Amblyomin-X in lipid vesicles with exposed PS. Western blot (WB) was performed to assess FT
and FVII protein levels.
Results: PS was more exposed on the membrane of the tumor cells
compared to human fibroblasts. A significant broadening of 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-[phospho-L-serine]
(DMPS)
transition was
observed in DSC, that clearly indicating Amblyomin-XDMPS interaction. Regarding WB analysis, FT protein levels were higher in tumor
cells than in non-tumor cells and FVII was detected only in tumor
cells. In Amblyomin-X-treated tumor cells, FT protein levels were
increased after 2 h of treatment.
Conclusion: Tumor cells display characteristics required for a procoagulant microenvironment, which could favor Amblyomin-X uptake by
these tumor cells or tumor stroma.
PO108-MON
Modelisation of the procoagulant properties of
adenocarcinoma pancreatic cells (BXPC3) and breast
cancer cells (MCF7) and analysis of their specific
interactions with the coagulation system
Rousseau A1,2, Dreden PV3 and Gerotziafas G1,4
1
INSERM U938, Facult
e de M
edecine Pierre et Marie Curie,
Universit
e Paris VI, Paris; 2Diagnostica Stago, Gennevilliers,
France; 3Clinical Research, Diagnostica Stago, Gennevilliers;
4
Haematology, Tenon University Hospital, Paris, France
Background: Cancer related hypercoagulability involves a complex
interplay between malignants cells and coagulation system but not all
mechanisms are entirely understood.
Aims: In the present study we dissected the mechanisms responsible
for the procoagulant activity of BXCP3 and MCF7 cells by thrombin
generation assay (TG) in different relevant conditions.
ABSTRACTS
Methods: Cells were cultured and adhered in 96-well plates. TG of normal platelet poor plasma (PPP) added in wells carrying cancer cells
was assessed by the CAT assay in different conditions of reagents. The
CAT was also performed in plasma samples selectively deficient in
coagulation factors, in the presence or absence of specific anti-tissue
factor antibody (anti-TF), or corn trypsin inhibitor (CTI). Furthermore alternatively spliced TF (asTF), TF activity (TFa) and cancer
procoagulant(CP) were also assessed.
Results: The TFa and asTF were found in abundant amounts in
BXCP3 cells compared to MCF7 cells. The CP levels were higher in
MCF7 cells. The BXPC3 had a higher effect than MCF7 cells on TG
enhancement. The anti-TF had more important inhibitory effect on
TG triggered by BXCP3. The CTI had more pronounced inhibitory
effect on TG triggered by MCF7. BXPC3 presented more procoagulant phospholipids than MCF7. TG enhancement by both BXPC3 and
MCF7 was mediated by FVII and intrinsic tenase. In contrast FXII
and FXI were more important for TG enhancement by MCF7 rather
than by BXPC3.
Conclusion: The two cancer cell lines (BXPC3 and MCF7) express substantially different procoagulant properties. The mechanism of activation of blood coagulation by the BXPC3 is dominated by the TF
pathway. MCF7 additionally to TF imply also FXII and CP in the
enhancement of TG. The modelisation of the procoagulant properties
of cancer cells and the analysis of the specific interactions with the
coagulation system could be a promising approach for the comprehension of cancer induced hypercoagulability.
PO109-MON
Effect of hypoxia on tissue factor pathway inhibitor
expression in breast cancer cells
Yan CX1,2,3, Stavik B1,3, Skretting G1,3, Dahm AEA2,3,4,
Iversen N5, Seidl S1,3,6, Kanse S3,7 and Sandset PM1,2,3
1
Haematology, Oslo University Hospital; 2Institute of Clinical
Medicine, University of Oslo; 3Research Institute of Internal
Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo; 4Haematology,
Akershus University Hospital, Lrenskog; 5Medical Genetics,
Oslo University Hospital; 6Institute of Basal Medical Sciences,
Oslo University; 7Institute of Basal Medical Sciences, University
of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Background: Venous thrombosis (VT) is associated with reduced survival of breast cancer patients. The abnormal coagulation is initiated
mainly by tissue factor (TF), and TF pathway inhibitor (TFPI) plays
an important regulatory role. Hypoxia is one of the most pervasive
physiological stresses in solid tumors and plays an important role in
malignant progression. Regulation of TF and TFPI by hypoxia may
contribute to the critical step that controls cancer-related hypercoagulation, but the underlying mechanisms are not known.
Aims: To explore the regulation of TFPI under hypoxic conditions in
breast cancer cells.
Methods: MCF-7 and SK-BR-3 cells were cultured in 1% oxygen tension. Quantitative RT-PCR, ELISA, Western blot, promoter-luciferase reporter assay and ChIP assay were applied in this study.
Results: In comparison with normoxia, a significant decrease of TFPI
mRNA and protein was detected under hypoxia along with an increase
of TF protein, which was paralleled by the induction of HIF-1a protein
in MCF-7 and SK-BR-3 breast cancer cells. The down-regulation of
TFPI was abolished when HIF-1a was inhibited by HIF1 inhibitor
(CAS 934593-90-5). A negative regulation of TFPI promoter (1223 to
+45 bp) luciferase activity was observed in response to hypoxia. Overexpression of HIF-1a strongly repressed the activity of the TFPI promoter.
We identified a HIF-1a responsive region between 1223 and 545 bp
of the TFPI promoter. ChIP assay indicated a direct binding between
the HIF-1a and the TFPI promoter, and further restricted the HIF-1a
responsive region to the region from 1157 to 1053 bp.
303
Conclusion: This study provides evidence that HIF-1a is involved in

the regulation of the procoagulant status of breast cancer cells through
transcriptional regulation of the TFPI gene. These results suggest that
thrombosis in breast cancer patients may correlate with local hypoxic
regulation of coagulation factors and their inhibitors.
PO110-MON
The thrombotic potential of circulating tumor
microemboli
Mitrugno A1,2, Phillips K1, King MR3, Chandrasekaran S3,
Newton PK4, Kuhn P5, Williams C6 and McCarty OJT1,2
1
Biomedical Engineering; 2Hematology and Medical Oncology,
Oregon Health & Science University, Portland; 3Biomedical
Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca; 4Aerospace and
Mechanical Engineering; 5Biological Science, University of
Southern California, Los Angeles; 6Pharmacy Practice, Oregon
Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
Background: Thrombotic events can herald the diagnosis of cancer,
preceding any cancer-related clinical symptoms. Patients with cancer
are at a 47 fold increased risk of suffering from venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, the physical biology underlying cancer-associated VTE remains poorly understood. Several lines of evidence
suggest that the shedding of tissue factor (TF)-positive circulating
tumor cells (CTCs) from primary tumors may serve as a trigger for
cancer-associated thrombosis.
Aims: To investigate the potential direct and indirect roles of CTCs
and circulating tumor microemboli (CTMs) in VTE and to characterize thrombin generation by CTCs; to evaluate the contributory effect
of platelet activation to the initiation and propagation of cancerinduced venous thrombus in vitro.
Methods: We performed clinical, biophysical and mathematical studies
of single CTC and CTC aggregates from a patient with breast and lung
cancer. We employed microfluidic devices to elucidate mechanism(s)
of CTC-endothelial cell and/or CTC-platelet interaction under fluid
shear flow.
Results: CTCs, ranging from single cells to aggregates comprised of 2
5 cells, were isolated using the high definition CTC assay and biophysically profiled using quantitative phase microscopy. Our numerical
model demonstrated that CTMs could potentiate occlusive events that
drastically reduce blood flow and serve as a platform for the promotion of thrombin generation in flowing blood. In microfluidic assays
we observed an upward trend in rolling velocity as the number of cancer cells/cluster increased. Current studies are focused on defining the
role of platelet activation in mediating CTM recruitment to EC and
subsequent cancer-driven thrombus formation.
Conclusion: These results provide a characterization of CTM dynamics
in the vasculature and enhance our understanding of CTCs and their
potential direct and indirect roles in VTE. Future efforts will determine how CTCs heterotypic interaction with platelets can contribute
to the vascular disease.
PO111-MON
Fibrin degradation by RTPA improve nanoparticle drug
delivery for tumors
Zhang B and Hu Y
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
Background: Nanoparticles drug delivery system based on enhanced
permeability and retention (EPR) effect for tumor drug delivery has
304
ABSTRACTS
achieved some success. However, the EPR effect is not unique in all
tumors and the EPR effect-dependent drug delivery is always complicated by the complex tumor microenvironment. As an important component of tumor extracelluar matrix, fibrin is always abundantly sited
near tumor vessels due to tissues factor highly expressed by tumor cells
and the arrival of other coagulation factor by the leaky tumor vessels.
Therefore, we propose fibrin in tumors might compress tumor vessels,
reducing tumor blood flow,and accordingly compromising drug delivery for tumor.
Aims: We try to use a clinical widely used anti-thrombus drug recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) to disrupt fibrin deposition
in tumors and assess the effect of fibrin depletion on tumor blood flow
and nanoparticles distribution in tumor.
Methods: Tumor-bearing mice models received i.p. administration of
rtPA for 2 weeks with the daily dose of rtPA 25 mg kg1. RtPA tolerance was tested by monitoring coagulation function analysis, appearance of petechia or ecchymosis and the body weight or tumor size of
mice models. Fibrin distribution was investigated by immunofluorescence staining. Blood flow in tumors was assessed by FITC-lectin
labeling experiment. Nanoparticles were developed by an emulsion/
solvent evaporation technique and nanoparticles accumulation in
tumors was evaluated by in vivo imaging.
Results: There were no obvious adverse effects associated with the
rtPA treatment in the present study. Fibrin was successfully disrupted
by rtPA treatment. Functional vessels reflecting blood flow in tumor
was increased about two fold more than control group. Results of
in vivo imaging showed nanoparticles distribution in tumor was
improved about 2.5 fold higher than control group.
Conclusion: RtPA treatment could destroy fibrin in tumors, improve
tumor blood flow and enhance nanoparticle accumulation in tumor.
PO112-MON
Human angiosarcoma cells express tissue factor and
generate thrombin in a tissue factor-dependent manner
Witter L1 and Stokol T2
1
Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Services,
Cornell Univeristy; 2Department of Population Medicine and
Diagnostic Services, Cornell University, Ithaca, USA
Background: Angiosarcoma (AS) is a rare, highly aggressive and metastatic endothelial cell tumor that is associated with increased incidence of
disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in people. Tissue factor
(TF) is a small transmembrane glycoprotein constitutively expressed on
perivascular fibroblasts. The primary role of TF is to activate coagulation. Aberrant expression of TF on cancer cells can manifest clinically as
paraneoplastic thrombosis in human patients with cancer.
Aims: To determine whether AS cells express TF and are procoagulant
in vitro.
Methods: A cell line derived from a cutaneous angiosarcoma on the
scalp (ASM-5), a kind gift from Dr. Antonescu, Memorial Sloan Kettering and non-neoplastic human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were examined for TF mRNA and antigen expression by
quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR and flow cytometric analysis
with a murine monoclonal TF antibody. Procoagulant activity was
measured as lag time and area under the curve (AUC) generated from
calibrated automated thrombography using human replete or specific
coagulation factor (F)-deficient plasma and enzymatic inhibitors.
Results: ASM-5 cells expressed more TF mRNA and surface antigen
than HUVECs. ASM-5 cells generated significantly more thrombin
than HUVECs in human replete plasma. Thrombin generation in
ASM5 cells was cell number dependent and was significantly reduced
and abolished in human FVII- and FX-deficient plasma, respectively.
Thrombin generation in ASM5 cells was unaltered by the addition of
corn trypsin inhibitor, a FXII inhibitor.
Conclusion: The human angiosarcoma ASM-5 cell line expresses

procoagulant functional TF. TF expression on tumor cells could
explain the high incidence of hemostatic dysfunction in patients with
angiosarcoma. TF on cancer cells could serve as a biomarker for
potential thrombotic disorders and potential therapeutic target for angiosarcoma.
PO113-MON
Role of autoantibodies to plasminogen at oncologic
diseases
Aisina R1, Goufman EI2, Yakovlev VN3, Mukhametova LI1,
Tikhonova NB3, Gershkovich KB4 and Gulin DA4
1
Lomonosov Moscow State University, Chemistry Facult;
2
Scientific Research Institute of Physical and Chemical Medicine;
3
Institute of Human Morphology, Russian Academy of Medical
Sciences; 4Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of Russian
Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Background: The binding of plasminogen (Pg) to cell receptors and
extracellular ligands facilitates its activation to plasmin, which stimulates the extracellular matrix degradation, neoangiogenesis and tumor
invasion. IgG associated with extracellular tissues, may also have the
potential for Pg surface localization.
Aims: Determining the level of autoantibodies to Pg in plasma of
patients with malignant new formations.
Methods: Methods of 2D-electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF mass-spectrometry were used for comparative research of proteins in plasma of
patients with the prostate cancer (PC, n = 25), benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH, n = 15), lung cancer (LC, n = 17), ovarian cancer (OC, n = 15)
and mammary gland cancer (MGC, n = 29). Plasma of healthy donors
(n = 29) was used as control. All patients signed informed consent for
participation in this study. The levels of IgG and IgA autoantibodies to
Pg were determined by ELISA. Affine chromatography on Pg-sepharose
was used for the quantification of antibodies. The program ATTESTAT
was applied for statistical treatment of results.
Results: 2D-electrophoresis revealed marker specific spots in the plasma
of patients with PC as compared to control plasma. These marker spots
were identified as pieces of Pg and immunoglobulin. When using ELISA
elevated levels of IgG autoantibodies to Pg in plasma were detected in
33% of patients with BPH, 68% of patients with PC, 59% of patients
with LC, 74% of patients with OC and 69% of patients with MGC, and
only 12% of healthy women and 10% of healthy men. The frequency of
occurrence of raised level of IgA autoantibodies to Pg was 72% for PC,
while in the control and other types of cancer do not exceed 20%. The
quantification of antibodies in plasma samples showed that the quantity
of IgG to Pg in patients with PC was 27% from the total amount of IgG,
and in healthy people 9%.
Conclusion: Autoantibodies to Pg can serve as a marker for early diagnostics of oncologic processes.
ABSTRACTS
PO115-MON
Prothrombotic risk associated with intravenously given
high dose vitamin C: another evidence warning against
the blind faith in vitamins?
Kim K1, Bae O-N2, Koh S-H1, Kang S1, Lim K-M3, Noh J-Y1,
Shin S4, Kim I5 and Chung J-H1
1
College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul; 2College
of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan; 3College of Pharmacy,
Ehwa Womans University; 4Department of Laboratory Medicine,
Boramae Hospital; 5College of Medicine, Seoul National
University, Seoul, Korea
Background: Potential risk of high-dose vitamin C consumption is
being frequently ignored. Recently, gram doses of vitamin C are being
used intravenously for cancer treatment, where extremely high concentration of vitamin C is directly exposed to red blood cells (RBCs) that
can actively participate in thrombosis through procoagulant activation.
Aims: Here we examined the procoagulant and pro-thrombotic risks
associated with intravenously given vitamin C.
Methods: We evaluated if vitamin C affects prothrombotic activation
of RBCs using freshly isolated human RBCs. To identify the underlying mechanism, we investigated the alteration of intracellular level of
reactive oxygen species, protein thiol, ATP and calcium. To evaluate thrombogenic effects of vitamin C, we introduced venous thrombosis animal model.
Results: Vitamin C (0.55 mM) increased procoagulant activity of
RBCs via externalization of phosphatidylserine to outer membrane.
Formation of PS-bearing microvesicles also increased. PS exposure
was induced by the dysregulation of key enzymes in the maintenance
of membrane phospholipid asymmetry, which was caused by vitamin
Cinduced oxidative stress, and resultant disruption of calcium and
thiol homeostasis. Indeed, the intravenous administration of vitamin
C (0.51.0 mg kg1) in rats in vivo significantly increased thrombosis.
Notably, the prothrombotic activation by vitamin C was more pronounced in RBCs isolated from cancer patients, who are with higher
risks of thrombotic events.
Conclusion: Vitamin C induced procoagulant and prothrombotic activation of RBCs, that lead to increased thrombosis in vivo. RBCs from
cancer patients showed more pronounced sensitivity to vitamin Cinduced prothrombotic activation, reflecting that intravenous gram
dose vitamin C therapy needs to be carefully revisited.
PO116-MON
Doxorubicin-induced MDR1/P-GP in MCF-7 breast
cancer cells was associated with tissue factor
overexpression and thrombin generation
Khaterchi A1, Karroum A1, Mbemba E2,3, Rousseau A4,
Dreden PV4, Gkalea V1, Elalamy I1,5, Hatmi M1,6 and
Gerotziafas G1,5
1
Haematology; 2Tenon University Hospital; 3Pierre and Marie
Curie University; 4Research and Development, Diagnostica Stago;
5
INSERM U938, Pierre and Marie Curie University; 6Infection and
epidemiology, Pasteur Institute, Paris, France
Background: Acquisition of properties rendering cancer cells resistant
to the chemotherapy agents is among the main causes of treatment
failure. Epithelial carcinoma breast cancer cells MCF7 are usually sensitive to several cheumotheurapetic agents, but they can develop
chemoresistance after prolonged exposure to cytostatic drugs, acquiring a more aggressive phenotype.
305
Aims: We investigate if the induction of chemo-resistance phenotype

by MCF7 cells, documented by MDR1-Pgp expression, is associated
with an enhancement of their procoagulant capacities.
Methods: Pre-treatment of MCF-7 cells for several weeks with increasing concentrations of doxorubicin, renders them chemo-resistant. Tissue factor (TF) and MDR1-Pgp expression by MCF7 cells were
assessed by flow cytometry and western blot assays. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for TFmRNA and electrophoretic analysis in agarose gels was also performed. TF activity
(TFa) from cancer cells was measured with a clotting based assay (Diagnostica Stago). Thrombin generation of normal platelet poor
plasma (PPP) in the presence of MCF7 cells was assessed with the
CAT assay (Diagnostica Stago).
Results: The acquisition of the chemo-resistance phenotype by MCF7
was correlated with a significant acceleration of thrombin generation.
Chemo-resistant MCF7 celles expressed higher amounts of TF and
showed marked TFa activity as compared to non resistant cells.
Expression of TF by chemo-resistant MCF7 was correlated with the
expression of the MDR1/P-gp.
Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that the acquisition of the chemoresistance phenotype by the breast cancer cells is associated with
enhancement of their procoagulant properties which are principally
mediated by the TF expression.
PO117-MON
Activated protein C upregulates the ovarian cancer
cell migration and promotes unclottability of cancer
peritoneal fluid
Althawadi H1,2, Alfarsi H1,2, Mirshahi S1, Chidiac J1, Besbes S1,
Therwath A1, Pocard M1, Soria J1 and Mirshahi M1
1
Oncology, Umr Universit
e Paris 7, Inserm U965, Paris, France;
2
Oncology, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
Background: We demonstrated previously the expression of EPCR in a
large number of cancer cell lines in solid tumors and malignant hemopathies.
Aims: Study of the role of aPC, known to be a physiological anticoagulant, in ovarian cancer cell activation as well as in loss of clotting of
cancer ascitic fluid.
Methods: The effect of aPC on ovarian cancer cell line (OVCAR-3)
was tested in (i) adhesion and cell migration using wound healing assay
and droplet test. (ii) cell signaling using protein phosphorylation- evaluated by Cyto-ELISA, (iii) cell cycle modification- assessed by flow cytometric DNA quantification, (iv) anti-coagulant activity- evaluated
by the prolongation of partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) of a normal plasma in the presence or absence of aPC-treated ovarian cancer
cells. In addition the soluble endothelial protein receptor (sEPCR), a
trap for protein C, was quantified by ELISA in ascitic fluid of patients
with ovarian cancer.
Results: In the ovarian cancer line OVCAR-3, aPC induces an increase
in cell migration, that is inhibited by adding anti EPCR in the culture
medium. The aPC activation of OVCAR cancer cells occurs via
MEK-ERK and Rho-GTPase pathways evidenced by an increase in
phosphorylation of threonine, and to a lesser extent in tyrosine phosphorylation, inducing cycle activation (G1 to S/G2). In addition, aPCbound to OVCAR induces a 2 to 3-fold time prolongation of aPTT of
normal plasma. It was also observed that in the peritoneal fluid of
patients with ovarian cancer, s-EPCR concentration was
71 23 ng mL1 which was below the level observed in plasma of
patients with ovarian cancer, that could explain the absence of fibrin
deposit in peritoneal fluids.
Conclusion: Free aPC binds to membrane EPCR in the ovarian cancer
cells, inducing cell migration via MEK-ERK and Rho-GTPase path-
306
ABSTRACTS
way. This binding could also explain the absence of clotting of peritoneal fluids.
PO118-MON
Estrogens upregulate TFPI-2 expression in MCF-7 cells
probably by promoter demethylation
Andresen MS, Ali HO, Iversen N, Stavik B, Myklebust CF,
Sandset PM and Skretting G
Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
Background: Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI)-2 is a matrixassociated protein inhibiting the activation of matrix metalloproteinases involved in tumor progression, invasion and metastasis. It is a
tumor suppressor gene and methylation of its promoter is associated
with reduced transcription of the gene. Estrogens have been shown to
regulate the expression of DNA methyltransferases (DNMT) in estrogen receptor (ER) positive cells.
Aims: To investigate whether estrogens affect the expression of TFPI2, and whether changes in methylation of the TFPI-2 promoter are
involved.
Methods: MCF-7 (ERa positive) and MDA-MB-231 (ERa negative)
breast cancer cells were treated with estrogens. TFPI-2 mRNA and
protein levels were measured using qRT-PCR and Western blotting.
The expression levels of DNMT1 and 3 were measured using qRTPCR. The methylation status in the TFPI-2 promoter was evaluated
using a bisulfite-sequencing PCR approach.
Results: The relative expression of TFPI-2 mRNA and protein was significantly upregulated after 6 h incubation with 17b-estradiol (E2) or
17a-ethynylestradiol (EE2) in MCF-7 cells, but not in MDA-MB-231
cells. This upregulation was reduced in the presence of fulvestrant, an
ER antagonist. When the MCF-7 cells were treated with 5-aza-20 -deoxycytidine (decitabine), an inhibitor of DNA methyltransferases, the
effect on TFPI-2 mRNA expression was similar to the effect of estrogens. Preliminary results suggest that estrogens and decitabine affect
the expression of DNMT1.
Conclusion: In this study we found that estrogens significantly upregulated TFPI-2 expression levels in MCF-7 cells by a process involving
ERa, possibly through regulation of DNA methyltransferases. Mapping of the methylation status of the TFPI-2 promoter before and after
estrogen stimulation is in progress and will be presented.
PO119-MON
Endothelial protein C receptor in breast cancer cells,
co-expressed with multidrug resistance protein,
inhibits fibrin formation in tumor micro environment
Alfarsi H1,2, Althawadi H1,2, Mirshahi S1, Ducros E1, Therwath A1,
Pocard M1, Soria J1 and Mirshahi M1
1
e Paris 7, Inserm U965, Paris, France;
2
Oncology, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
Background: Activation of protein C is critical to the negative regulation of blood fibrin formation. In pathological conditions, endothelial
protein C receptor (EPCR) is expressedin a large number of cancer
cells, but the implication of EPCR/aPC in tumor-related inhibition of
fibrin deposition in extra-cellular matrix is poorly detailed.
Aims: to analyze the role of EPCR in inhibition of fibrin deposition in
breast cancer and the relation between EPCR and glycoprotein 1
(multidrug resistance protein, 1 p-gp)expression on tumour cells.
Methods: Expression of EPCR in several breast cancer cell lines
(MDA-MB231PGp+, MCF-7PGp+ and MCF-7PGp) was tested by
RT-PCR, and by immuno analysis such as dot blot, immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry. Tissue gene array and DNA sequencing
was performed only in MDA-MB231PGp+. Role of protein C in cell
migration and cell reticulation was investigated by wound healing test
and matrigel assay. Cell proliferation was measured by MTT test. Soluble EPCR (sEPCR) in peritoneal fluid was quantified by ELISA.
Anti-coagulant activity of cancer cells incubated with active protein C
(aPC) was analyzed by the prolongation of partial thromboplastin
time (aPTT) of normal plasma.
Results: EPCR was detected in the great majority of breast cancer
biopsies and in all cancer ascitic cell clusters and fluids. It was also
expressed in breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB231PGp+ and MCF7PGp+ but not by MCF-7PGp. Therefore, its expression correlated
with chemoresistance and malignancy. aPC through EPCR binding,
promotes cancer cell migration in vitro via PAR-1 activation and
increases their survival. A 2 to 3-fold prolongation of aPTT of normal
plasma was observed when aPC was incubated with cancer cells.
Conclusion: EPCR is co expressed with Pgp in chemoresistant breast
cancer cells. aPC -EPCR binding induces cancer cell migration and by
promoting unclottability of cancer cell microenvironment, participates
in local matrix destabilization, thereby enhance cell dissemination.
PO120-MON
Changes in coagulation in acute promyelocytic
leukaemia
Dillon R1, Parmar K2, Grimwade D1 and Hunt B2
1
Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Kings College
London; 2Department of Haematology, Guys and St Thomas
Hospitals, London, UK
Background: Despite improved treatment of acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL) a significant minority of patients die from bleeding or
thrombosis before or during early treatment.
Aims: To understand the mechanisms underlying thrombosis in APL.
Methods: Serial plasma and RNA samples were obtained from 32
newly diagnosed APL patients & stored at 80 C. We measured
PAI-1 (Trinilize, Diagnostica Stago), PF 1 + 2 (Dade Behring), and
Tissue factor (TF) (Immubind TF, Invitech) by ELISA. We measured
PAI1 and TF mRNA levels by RT PCR. Whole transcriptome profiling was performed on samples from patients with thrombotic events
(n = 5), no thrombosis (n = 60) & healthy controls (n = 5). Genes with
known roles in coagulation were identified and validated using quantitative PCR (qPCR) on these samples and APL cell lines (NB4 and
PR9) before and after induction of PML-RARA and/or treatment with
all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA).
Results: Of 12 candidate genes we validated two: TF (9 fold,
P = 0.0001) and PAI-1 (2.8 fold P = 0.032) mRNA transcripts were
expressed at significantly higher levels in APL patients compared to
healthy controls and were modulated by ATRA treatment and induction of PML-RARA expression in the NB4 and PR9 cell lines.
Before treatment APL patients had markedly higher plasma levels of
PF 1 + 2 compared to controls (1577 pmol L1 vs. 482 P < 0.001),
TF (226 pg mL1 vs. 157 P = 0.0118) and PAI-1 (30.7 ng mL1 vs.
14.4). These levels did not change significantly during the first 5 days
of ATRA treatment.
Conclusion: Patients with APL have evidence of activation of coagulation which may account for the increased incidence of thrombosis.
Interestingly in this small ongoing study, plasma levels of TF and PAI1 did not reflect mRNA expression levels.
ABSTRACTS
PO121-MON
Fibrinolytic activation in acute promyelocytic
leukaemia
Dillon R1, Parmar K2, Grimwade D1 and Hunt B2
1
Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Kings College
London; 2Department of Haematology, Guys and St Thomas
Hospitals, London, UK
Background: The outcome of acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL)
has improved with the use of ATRA, but a significant minority of
patients still die from bleeding before and during treatment.
Aims: To understand the mechanisms underlying haemorrhage in
APL.
Methods: We collected serial plasma and RNA samples from 32 newly
diagnosed APL patients. We measured the expression of ANXA2,
S100A10 and PLAUR mRNA by real time PCR (RT PCR, TaqMan;
Invitrogen). We measured D-Dimer, PAI-1 (both Trinilize, Diagnostica Stago) and Plasmin-Antiplasmin (PAP, Oxford Biosystems) by
ELISA according to manufacturers instructions. We measured PT
(PT-Fib HS) and Clauss fibrinogen (FibC, Instrumentation Labs)
using the ACL300R analyser.
Results: ANXA2 (3.5 fold P = 0.002), S100A10 (7.6 fold P < 0.001),
PLAUR (4.9 fold P < 0.001) mRNA transcripts were expressed at
higher levels in APL samples compared with controls. Expression was
significantly higher in those who experienced bleeding (P = 0.021,
0.032 and 0.022 respectively) and was rapidly downregulated after
ATRA was initiated. These changes were confirmed in two APL cell
lines (NB4 and PR9) and were PML-RARA dependent. Before ATRA
treatment APL patients had increased plasma levels of PAP vs. controls (mean 3997 lg L1 vs. 461 P < 0.001). PAP > 2500 lg L1 was
present in all patients with thrombosis or haemorrhage (v2 P = 0.046).
PAP levels rapidly normalised following ATRA treatment and inversely correlated with Clauss fibrinogen levels(R2 = 0.26 P = 0.0035)
and platelet counts (R2 = 0.53 P = 0.0022) but positively with DDimer (R2 = 0.4 P = 0.0035) levels. ANXA2 (R2 = 0.33 P = 0.00253)
& S100A10 (R2 = 0.0.40 P = 0.0116) mRNA levels correlated strongly
with PAP levels. Additionally S100A10 mRNA levels correlated with
PT (R2 = 0.48 P = 0.0039).
Conclusion: At least three cell surface molecules involved in fibrinolytic
activation are upregulated by PML-RARA in APL and correlate with
bleeding and plasma markers of fibrinolysis. This ongoing study suggests PAP may be a useful biomarker for bleeding or thrombosis in
APL.
PO122-MON
Conditional inactivation of integrin av subunit in
vascular smooth muscle cells decreases thrombin
generation in vessels and blood
Mohamadi A1, Li Z2, Louis H1, Bourhim M1, Lacolley P1 and
Regnault V1
1
DCAC, U1116, Vandoeuvre-l
es-Nancy; 2Vieillissement, Stress,
Inflammation, UMR 8256, Paris, France
Background: Integrins are transmembrane receptors that mediate cellcell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions. Integrin avb3 is
expressed at high density in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs)
and weakly in platelets. It functions as a receptor for prothrombin in
VSMCs whose phenotypic modulation plays a pivotal role in atherothrombosis.
Aims: We investigated the role of integrin avb3 in thrombin-generating
capacity within the arterial wall or blood.
Methods: Conditional transgenic mice inactivated for integrin av subunit in VSMCs (avCMLV) were compared with their littermate controls.
307
Platelet reactivity was assessed by aggregation studies induced by

ADP, collagen or thrombin agonists. Glycoprotein expressions at the
surface of platelets were quantified by flow-cytometry. Thrombin generation was monitored using calibrated thrombography (CAT) in various conditions: in platelet rich (PRP) or poor (PPP) plasma but also in
whole blood or in PPP to which an aortic ring has been added.
Results: As expected, platelet response to agonists and glycoprotein
expressions were similar in avCMLV and control mice. Thrombin generation in whole blood, PRP and PPP was significantly decreased respectively by 20%, 10% and 14% in mutant mice compared with controls,
indicating that this decrease is independent of blood cell surfaces. The
addition of an aortic ring to PPP highly increased thrombin generation
in controls while only a modest increase was observed in mutant mice.
Conclusion: These findings highlight a hypocoagulable phenotype at
the surface of aortic rings and in blood compartment of avCMLV mice.
They demonstrate that VSMCs are able to generate thrombin involving avb3 integrin and also suggest that this integrin could influence the
conductance of coagulation factors such as tissue factor pathway
inhibitor (TFPI) or antithrombin from the arterial wall to the blood
compartment particularly in the presence of endothelium alterations
PO123-MON
Oestrogens regulate TFPI expression through
oestrogen response elements in TFPI 50 flanking region
Ali HO1,2,3, Stavik B1,2, Myklebust CF1,2, Drum E1,2, Iversen N4,
Sandset PM1,2,3 and Skretting G1,2
1
Research Institute of Internal Medicine; 2Department of
Haematology, Oslo University Hospital; 3Institute of Clinical
Medicine, University of Oslo; 4Department of Medical Genetics,
Oslo University Hospital
Background: Oestrogens influence the pathology and development of
hormone-sensitive breast cancers. Tissue factor pathway inhibitor
(TFPI) has been shown to be associated with breast cancer pathogenesis. Recently, we found TFPI mRNA levels to be significantly reduced
by oestrogens in a breast cancer cell line (MCF7), a process mediated
through the oestrogen receptor alpha (ERa).
Aims: To investigate the mechanism by which oestrogens may regulate
TFPI at the transcription level.
Methods: The TFPI 50 -flanking region contains three oestrogen
responsive elements (ERE) half sites at positions -845, -769 and -50.
Constructs containing the wild type ERE or mutated half sites of the
TFPI 50 -flanking region were generated in a luciferase reporter gene
vector and transiently co-transfected with an ERa expression vector
into HEK293 cells and subsequently treated with oestrogens. A dualluciferase reporter assay was used to assess luciferase activity. Electrophoresis mobility shift assay (EMSA) was used to study binding of
nuclear factors to the various ERE half sites.
Results: The luciferase activity was significantly downregulated with
the wild type construct after oestrogen stimulation and this effect was
abolished by mutation in either ERE half sites. EMSA analysis
revealed direct and specific interaction of ERa with the ERE half sites
at position -769 and -50 following stimulation with oestrogens. A
weaker, but specific binding of the ERE half site at position -845 was
also detected. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChiP) to verify binding of ERa is in progress.
Conclusion: Results from the luciferase reporter assay and EMSA indicate that all three half sites may be involved in the oestrogenic regulation of TFPI expression. Our results suggest that oestrogens regulate
TFPI transcription through ERE half sites in the TFPI 50 flanking
region in ERa positive breast cancer cells.
308
ABSTRACTS
PO124-MON
Monocytic leukemia cell lines possess enhanced
procoagulant activity, the role of FLT3-ITD mutation
Hudak R, Debreceni IB, G
al GS, Antal-Szalm
as P and
Kappelmayer J
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,
University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
Background: Monocytic leukemias with an unfavorable prognosis can
be associated with FLT3 (fms-like tyrosine kinase receptor-3) internal
tandem duplication (ITD). We utilized the wild-type THP-1, the heterozygous MOLM-13 and the homozygous ITD mutant MV4-11 cell
lines to investigate their fibrin and thrombin generating capacity.
Aims: We evaluated the procoagulant activity (PCA) of three monocytic leukemia cell lines and hypothesized that the FLT3-ITD mutation status may be associated with altered PCA.
Methods: All cell lines were grown in RPMI-1640 medium, supplemented with 15% fetal bovine serum. Cell viability was studied by trypan blue exclusion and propidium iodide staining. One-stage clotting
assay and thrombin generation test (TGT) were used to determine the
procoagulant potential of cell lines as well as magnetically separated
normal human monocytes. Tissue factor antigen (TF) and phosphatidyl-serine (PS) expression were examined by flow cytometry.
Results: There was no difference in PS expression (34%) of cell lines,
but THP-1 cell line expressed the most TF followed by the MV4-11
and MOLM-13 cells (87%, 75% and 4.7% respectively). The PCA
results were different in the cell lines resulting in 123 mU 5 9 106
THP-1 cells, 65 mU 5 9 106 MOLM-13 cells and 35 mU 5 9 106
MV4-11 cells. All three cell lines displayed a significantly faster thrombin generation (lagtime: 3.9-4.7 min) compared to normal human
monocytes (lagtime: 14.9 2.5 min). Factor VII deficient plasma and
anti-tissue factor antibody pretreatment abolished the thrombin generating potential of all cell lines, but MOLM-13 cells also showed FXIIdependent residual thrombin generation. All cell lines generated
microparticles (MPs) that showed the same thrombin generating tendency observed for intact cells.
Conclusion: TF is the primary contributor to the procoagulant potential of all cell lines that also generate MP with considerable PCA.
FLT3-ITD mutational status may modulate the expressed procoagulants.
PO125-MON
Thrombin drives pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
growth and dissemination through mechanisms linked
to fibrinogen and protease-activated receptor-1
Rewerts C1, Cruz C1, Palumbo J2, Luyendyk J3, Yang Y4,
Konieczny S4 and Flick M1
1
Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology;
2
Division of Hematology, Cincinnati Childrens Hospital Medical
Center, Cincinnati; 3Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic
Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing;
4
Department of Biological Sciences and the Purdue Center for
Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA
Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), which
accounts for greater than 85% of all cases of pancreatic cancer, is associated with extremely poor patient survival. High mortality is linked to
the aggressive and invasive nature of the malignancy and poor efficacy
of limited treatment options, which collectively highlight the need for
novel treatment strategies. Notably, analyses of pancreatic cancer in
patients and animal models have demonstrated that PDAC is associated with robust coagulation system activity driven in part by high tissue factor expression by the tumor cells (TF).
Aims: To determine the contribution of prothrombin, fibrinogen as

well as tumor cell derived-TF and protease-activated receptor (PAR)-1
to PDAC growth and metastasis.
Methods: A novel tumor cell line (termed KPC2) was derived from
mice in which PDAC tumorigenesis was induced by activation of two
key pancreatic cancer alleles, KrasG12D and Trp53R172H. In transplant
studies, tumor growth and experimental metastasis to the lung of
KPC2 cells were evaluated in mice with genetically imposed deficits in
coagulation system components. In addition, tumor growth and experimental metastasis were evaluated using KPC2 cells in which TF or
PAR-1 expression was suppressed by shRNA knockdown.
Results: Primary tumor growth and experimental metastasis of KPC2
cells were significantly reduced in fIIlow mice, which constitutively
express 10% of normal prothrombin. Fibrinogen deficiency in mice
significantly reduced tumor growth of KPC2 cells, but had little effect
on experimental metastasis. PAR-1 knockout mice displayed similar
growth and experimental metastasis of KPC2 cells. Notably, shRNAmediated knockdown of either TF or PAR-1 in KPC2 cells resulted in
significantly diminished tumor growth and experimental metastasis.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that thrombin can drive PDAC growth
and dissemination through mechanisms linked to fibrinogen and
tumor cell-derived PAR-1.
PO126-MON
Microcirculation thrombosis in bone: a possible
mechanism for bone pain
Peled E1, Assalia M2, Axelman E2, Norman D1, Brenner B2 and
Nadir Y2
1
Department of Orthopedic Division; 2Thrombosis and
Hemostasis Unit, Rambam Health Care Campus; the Rappaport
Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
Background: The blood supply of the bone and bone marrow are interconnected through a network of vessels. Arteries penetrating the bone
flow into the marrow cavity while blood from marrow sinuses and
veins leave the tissue via the bone.
Aims: The current study was designed to assess the presence of thrombosis in the small blood vessels of bone and bone marrow.
Methods: Bone biopsies of 40 patients were studied using specific staining to fibrin with martin scarlet blue (MSB) and by immune-staining
to tissue factor (TF), TF pathway inhibitor (TFPI) and heparanase
that is a pro-angiogenic and pro-coagulant protein. Biopsies included:
ten cases of bone metastasis of carcinoma origin, ten cases of avascular
necrosis (AVN) of the femur head and ten cases of osteoarthritis of the
femur head. Ten cases of diffuse large cell lymphoma without bone or
bone marrow involvement formed the control group.
Results: Vessel density was higher in the bone and bone marrow of
metastasis, AVN and osteoarthrosis biopsies compared to controls
(P < 0.001). Thrombi were documented in the bone and bone marrow
of metastasis (5/10), AVN (6/10) and osteoarthrosis (6/10) biopsies
and were absent in the controls. Staining of TF, TFPI and heparanase
were more prominent, mainly in the blood vessels, in the biopsies of
metastasis, AVN and osteoarthrosis compared to controls.
Conclusion: The present study demonstrates for the first time thrombosis in the microcirculation of bone and bone marrow that can potentially contribute to patients bone pain. Increased levels of TF and
heparanase may partially account for the procoagulant and pro-angiogenic state. Intervention with anticoagulant drugs to prevent bone
pain should be further evaluated.
ABSTRACTS
PO127-MON
Procoagulant effects of lung cancer chemotherapy
through release of microparticles and cell-free DNA
Lysov Z1, Dwivedi DJ2 and Liaw PC2
1
Health Sciences; 2Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton,
Canada
Background: Lung cancer is the second leading type of cancer with
venous thromboembolism (VTE) being the second leading cause of
death among cancer patients. Studies have demonstrated increased levels of microparticles (MPs) and cell-free DNA (CFDNA) in lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. However, the procoagulant
effects of chemotherapy-induced MPs and CFDNA in lung cancer
patients are unknown.
Aims: To study a) the effects of lung cancer chemotherapy-induced
generation of MPs and CFDNA, and b) to determine the procoagulant effects of chemotherapy-induced MPs and CFDNA in vitro and
in vivo.
Methods: MPs were isolated from monocytes, endothelial (HUVEC),
or cancer (A549) cells. Tissue factor (TF) and phosphatidylserine (PS)
expression was characterized and thrombin generation assays were
used to determine MP procoagulant activity. Murine xenograft model
of human lung carcinoma was used to quantify in vivo levels, and
determine the procoagulant potential of TF-bearing MPs and
CFDNA.
Results: Lung cancer chemotherapy increased TF levels and PS
exposure on A549 cell MPs, but not HUVEC or monocyte MPs.
Addition of A549 MPs to plasma enhanced thrombin generation.
We observed elevated levels of CFDNA in plasma of chemotherapy-treated mice as well as increased levels of TF positive MPs in
plasma of tumour-bearing mice treated with chemotherapy or saline. While both tumour-bearing and tumour-free mice treated with
chemotherapy express a procoagulant phenotype, the effect was
greater in tumour-bearing mice. Thrombin generation was not significantly attenuated by DNase treatment alone. However, removal
of MPs alone or in combination with DNase significantly attenuated thrombin generation.
Conclusion: Our studies are the first to investigate the lung cancer chemotherapy-induced generation of procoagulant MPs and CFDNA.
Our studies identify lung cancer MPs as the primary cell free initiator
of coagulation. However, chemotherapy-induced CFDNA also contributes to the procoagulant effects of chemotherapy.
PO128-MON
The Reed Sternberg cell coagulome
Cesarman-Maus GN1, Reichel J2, Roshal M3, Braggio E4,
Fonseca R4 and Cesarman E5
1
Hematology, National Cancer Institute, Mexico, Mexico,
Mexico; 2Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell
Medical College; 3Departments of Laboratory Medicine and
Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, NYC;
4
Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Arizona; 5Departments of Pathology
and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College,
NYC, USA
Background: Proteins involved in coagulation and fibrinolysis also
play a role in inflammation, tumor progression, and the generation of
tumor microenvironment. Classical Hodgkin0 s (cHL) is characterized
by sparsely distributed Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg (HRS) whilst the
bulk of the tumor mass is made up of a reactive host background,
complicating the acquisition of neoplastic DNA without extensive
background contamination.
309
Aims: The objective was to study the gene expression of enzymes and
receptors involved in coagulation and fibrinolysis (coagulome) of
highly purified HRS cells. We previously showed that tissue factor
gene (F3) is not expressed by T or B-cell non-Hodgkin0 s lymphomas,
but was expressed in variable degrees in Hodgkin0 s lymphoma samples. These samples include reactive lymphoid tissue and scattered
Hodgkin and Reed Sternberg (HRS) cells, which are the B-cell-derived
neoplastic cells. Thus we aimed to determine if neoplastic HRS cells
express or not F3.
Methods: We used flow-sorting of HRS and intra-tumor B cells with
optimized low-input RNA sequencingand differential expression
analysis of nine primary patient samples.
Results: As compared to tumor infiltrating B-cells, we found that TF is
not expressed by HRS cells, nor are coagulation cascade enzymes, natural anticoagulants or inhibitors of fibrinolysis. Interestingly, we
found overexpression of annexin 2A gene (ANXA2) by a mean of 8.8
fold (2 to 17.2) in HRS cells as compared to tumor infiltrating B-lymphocytes.
Conclusion: TF gene (F3) is not expressed by malignant HRS-cells,
thus confirming that no B or T-cell derived tumor expresses TF. In
contrast, of annexin family members, ANXA2 is highly expressed in
HRS cells. Annexin A2 protein is a receptor for plasminogen and tissue plasminogen activator, also known to be chemoattractant for
monocytes which are typically present in Hodgkin0 s. The latter suggests that a role for annexin A2 in the generation of tumor microenvironment should be further studied.
PO129-MON
Factor VII derived protein EGFP-EGF1 mediate drug
delivery system for human tumor
Wei S, Bo Z and Yu H
Hematology, Union hospital, Huzhong University of
Science&Technology, Wuhan, China
Background: Tumor stroma cells have been increasingly recognized to
interact with tumor parenchyma cells and promote tumor growth.
And therapeutics delivery to both parenchymacells and stroma cellssimultaneously might treat tumor more effectively.
Tissue factor (TF), an evolutionarily conserved protein, was extensively located in both tumor parenchyma cells and different types
of stroma cells, with the potential as a favorable target for drug
delivery to multiple cell types simultaneously.EGFP-EGF1 is a
fusion protein derived from rat factor VII with special affinity for
TF of rat derived C6 glioma cells, which might be utilized as a
multi-targeting moiety to mediate drug delivery for human tumor.
Aims: We modified nanoparticles with EGFP-EGF1 protein and evaluated its muti-targeting possibility for human tumor.
Methods: Nanoparticles (NP) were developed via an emulsion/solvent
evaporation technique and EGFP-EGF1 modified nanoparticles
(ENP)was developed by maleimide-thiol coupling reaction. Hunman
lung cancer cells A549 with high expression of TF was chosen as the
tumor cell models. The targeting ability of ENP was verified by cell
uptake experiment and in vivo imaging. The related multi-targeting
mechanism was investigated by immunofluorescence staining. Finally,
the pharmacodynamics of paclitaxel-loaded ENP (PTX-ENP) was also
assessed on tumor-bearing mice.
Results: The modification of EGFP-EGF1 significantly improve nanoparticles uptake by A549 cells. In vivo imaging showed ENP achieved
about 2.5 folder higher accumulation than NP. Results of immunofluorescence staining showed distribution of ENP in tumor parenchyma
cell and tumor stroma including tumor-associated fibroblasts, tumorassociated macrophages and neo-vascular cells were more significantly
than NP. Accordingly, ENP could destroy tumor more totally and
310
ABSTRACTS
achieved more obvious tumor inhibitive effect than NP and other

group.
Conclusion: The present study successfully established ENP as a multitargeting drug delivery system for human tumor.
PO131-MON
Hypoxia-independent tumor progression: activation of
transcription factor HIF 1 via PAR1 and PAR2 receptors
in breast cancer
Gomes T1, de Queiroz Monteiro R1 and Konig S2
1
Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis; 2Institute
of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio De Janeiro, Rio
de Janeiro, Brazil
PO130-MON
The role of M-components and immunoglobulins in
patients with multiple myeloma - procoagulant and
prognostic?
Nielsen T1, Gregersen H2, M
unster A-MB3, StausholmMller AK4, Kristensen SRKR1 and Pedersen S1
1
Department of Clinical Biochemistry; 2Department of
Haematology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg; 3Department
of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospitalunit West, Region Midt,
Herning and Holstebro; 4Novo Nordisk, Kalundborg, Denmark
Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a frequent complication in patients suffering from multiple myeloma (MM). The pathogenesis of the increased VTE-risk remains unclear. It is unknown
whether the excessive production of M-components has a role in relation to this risk, i.e. whether a procoagulant activity can be linked to
the M-components.
Aims: The aim was to investigate whether in vitro spiking effect of
serum-purified M-components compared to commercialized normal
immunoglobulins modifies the thrombogenic profile in patients with
MM, and if the isotypes of M-component are important for a potential
procoagulant shift.
Methods: Peripheral blood was collected from 5 patients with MM
(IgG or IgA isotypes) and matched with healthy donors (approved by
the local ethics committee). M-components were isolated using affinity
chromatography and verified through electrophoresis and immunofixation. Spiking was performed with purified M-components and normal immunoglobulins on plasma from both healthy donors and MM
patients adopting a thrombin generation assay (calibrated automated
thrombogram (CAT).
Results: Thrombin generation spiking of plasma from both patients
and controls with increasing amounts of purified M-component
showed an augmented peak height and endogenous thrombin potential
with shortened lag time and time to peak. A diminutive response was
observed when spiking with normal immunoglobulins. Slight differences was detected between isotypes (heavy chain: a, c; light chain: j,
k) spiking, but this may depend more on phenotypical differences for
individual donors.
Conclusion: Spiking plasma with purified M-components clearly demonstrate a dose-dependent link between thrombin generation and the
M-components. This indicates procoagulant properties of M-components, which, thus, may be important for the risk of VTE in patients
with MM.
Background: Hypoxia has been pointed out as a crucial event for cancer progression, mainly acting through hypoxia inducible factors
(HIF) activation. High levels of HIF1 are indeed frequently observed
in more aggressive tumors associated with worst prognosis. Interestingly, the expression of HIF1 has been reported even in tumors
unprovided with hypoxic areas, suggesting that oxygen deprivation is
not the only way to induce HIF1 in cancer.
Aims: The well-described contribution of inflammatory processes to
tumor progression has led us to investigate if HIF1 could be activated
by PAR1 and PAR2 members of the proteinase-activated receptors
family under normoxic conditions.
Methods: Human mammary carcinoma cell line MCF7 was treated
with PAR1 and PAR2 agonist peptides and the expression and
nuclear translocation of HIF was analyzed by confocal microscopy.
Tumor cell migration was evaluated, under these conditions, using
the boyden chamber. We used qtRT-PCR to quantify il8 and il1b
mRNAs.
Results: Treatment of MCF-7 with PAR1 or PAR2 agonist peptides
induces the expression and nuclear translocation of HIF-1a subunit.
Boyden chamber assays showed that factors released by MCF-7 cells,
in a HIF1-dependent manner, after treatment with APPAR1 and
APPAR2 agonists induces tumor cells migration. These migration
effects were correlated by qtRTPCR with the HIF1dependent transcriptional upregulation of il1b and il8 genes after treatment of MCF7
cells with PAR2 agonist.
Conclusion: We conclude that pro-tumoral events induced by PAR1/2
receptors in MCF7 cells can be mediated by HIF-1, pointing out a
possible new mechanism to breast cancer progression, independent of
oxygen tensions in tumor tissues.
PO132-MON
The photodynamic thrombi-specific nanoparticles
starve solid lymphoma to death
Wang Y, Shi W, Zhang B and Hu Y
Hematology, Union hospital, Huazhong University of
Science&Technology, wuhan, China
Background: As tissue factor(TF) is overexpressed on lymphoma,
newly formed tumor capillary blood vessels distribute abundant TF
because they lack tight junctions between endothelial cells.
Aims: In this study, EGFP-EGF1 protein-conjugated PEG-PLGA
nanoparticle(ENP) was employed as a TF targeting vehicle, the hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (HMME) was incorporated into it and
the resulting vectors were evaluated as a TF targeted photosensitizer
for activating the cascade and inducing tumors thrombosis.
Methods: Nanoparticles were developed via an emulsion/solvent evaporation technique. Rat brain microvascular endothelial cells(BMECs)
after transfection of TF expressed were chosen as the tumor vessels
endothelium cell models. The tumor models were the lymphoma-bearing mice that received i.v. administration of ENP-HMME or NPHMME and illumination at the tumor site. The targeting ability of
ENP-HMME was verified by cell uptake experiment and in vivo imaging. The related targeting mechanism including TF and reactive oxygen distribution was investigated by immunofluorescence staining,
ABSTRACTS
Western-Blot and RT-PCR. The thrombus distribution was assessed
by H&E staining.
Results: ENP-HMME uptake by BMECs was significantly more
than NP-HMME. The TF expression of the BMECs increased 10
times after 30 s illumination in the ENP-HMME group. More than
4.25 times of nanoparticles gathered in the illumination site of ENPHMME group than NP-HMME with illumination free group.
Results of immunofluorescence staining showed the same results of
nanoparticles accumulation with the distribution of TF and reactive
oxygen both consistent with this performance. And H&E staining
showed a marked increase of thrombi in the groups of ENP-HMME
group.
Conclusion: As a TF targeted photosensitizer, ENP-HMME could not
only enhance TF targeting ability but also selectively induce thrombosis in tumor vessels which might be a promising anti-tumor strategy.
PO133-MON
Neutrophil extracellular traps mediate arterial and
venous thrombus formation in a murine breast cancer
model
Monteiro RQ1, Leal AC1, Rochael NC2, Ortiz-Costa S3,
Wernek C4, Saraiva EM2, Vicente CP5 and Mizurini DM1
1
Institute of Medical Biochemistry; 2Department of Immunology,
es, Federal University of
Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Go
Rio De Janeiro; 3Augusto Motta University Center UNISUAM,
Rio de Janeiro; 4Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology,
Institute of Biology; 5Department of Structural and Functional
Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, S~
ao Paulo,
Brazil
Background: Cancer patients are at increased risk of developing
thromboembolic complications. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain cancer-associated thrombosis including activation of
host vascular cells. Recently it has been proposed that the release of
neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) contribute to the prothrombotic
phenotype in cancer.
Aims: We have employed a murine mammary carcinoma model as a
tool to evaluate the role of neutrophil extracellular traps in cancerassociated thrombosis.
Methods: The highly aggressive murine cell line, 4T1, was injected in
the mammary fat pad of female balc mice. Tumor-bearing and control
mice were subjected to either rose Bengal/laser-induced venous thrombosis model or FeCl3-induced arterial thrombosis model.
Results: Tumor-bearing mice exhibited accelerated thrombus formation in the venous and arterial models as compared to tumor-free animals. Tumor-bearing mice exhibited increased plasma levels of free
DNA and myeloperoxidase as well as significantly increased number
of circulating neutrophils. Histological analysis of thrombus harvested
from tumor-bearing animals exhibited a significant number of neutrophils. Remarkably, treatment with recombinant human DNAse
reversed the prothrombotic phenotype of tumor-bearing mice in both
models.
Conclusion: NETs mediate both venous and arterial thrombus formation in tumor-bearing mice. These observations offer new potential
targets for therapeutic intervention in cancer-associated thrombosis.
311
Coagulation factor V, X, II, XIII I

PO135-MON
Proteolytic inactivation of coagulation factor V by
OmpT from enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli
Samis JA1, Tilley D2, Premjani V2, Gruenheid S3, Moual HL3 and
Weitz J4
1
Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ontario Institute of
Technology, Oshawa; 2Faculty of Science, University of Ontario
Institute of Technology, Oshawa; 3Microbiology and
Immunology, McGill University, Montreal; 4Faculty of Medicine,
Background: In response to bacterial infection, the innate immune
response activates coagulation resulting in fibrin formation around the
pathogen to limit its survival and growth. Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) may interfere with coagulation and fibrin barrier formation to colonize in the intestine. OmpT is an outer membrane
protease of the Gram-negative bacteria omptin family of proteases that
may impact coagulation.
Aims: To determine the effect of EHEC OmpT on Factor V (FV)
structure and activity.
Methods: Wild type E. coli O157:H7 and an ompT deletion and
over-expressing strain were used to determine the effect of cell and
outer membrane vesicle (OMV) OmpT on FV activity in human
plasma by microplate assay. Immunoblotting was used to correlate
changes in FV activity with cleavage. The OmpT cleavage sites
were determined with cleavage products of purified human FV
incubated with the ompT over-expressing strain by automated Edman degradation.
Results: OmpT cleaved FV and inactivated its activity in human
plasma. Immunoblotting demonstrated that FV cleavage correlated
well with decreased activity. Wild type EHEC cells and OMVs inactivated FV in plasma by 60% after 2 h at room temperature and these
effects were abolished with the ompT deletion mutant. Complementation of the ompT deletion mutant which results in ompT over-expression increased FV inactivation by EHEC cells and OMVs to 95% after
2 h at room temperature. OmpT inactivated FV by cleavage at K345 in
the heavy chain and R1034, Q1236, Q1281, and Q1317 in the B domain
resulting in four fragments of Mr 250 kDa, 150 kDa, 100 kDa and
45 kDa.
Conclusion: EHEC OmpT inactivation of FV would be expected to
block fibrin barrier formation and induce an anticoagulant state
thereby enhancing bacterial survival and growth. Inactivation of coagulation by OmpT may contribute to bleeding during severe EHEC
infection which is associated with damage to intestinal mucosal cells
resulting in hemorrhagic colitis, diarrhea and disseminated intravascular coagulation.
312
ABSTRACTS
PO136-MON
Combined FV AND FVIII deficiency (F5F8D) in a
Chinese family with a novel missense mutation in
MCFD2 gene
Wang A, Liu X and Wu J
Department of Hematology, Anhui Provincial Hospital; Anhui
Provincial Hemophilia Treatment Center, Hefei, China
Background: Mutations in LMAN1 or MCFD2 genes cause a rare
autosomal recessive bleeding disorder, which was named combined
FV and FVIII deficiency (F5F8D). Encoded proteins by MCFD2 and
LMAN1 genes which may form a Ca2 + -dependent cargo receptor
complex have been confirmed to participate in the transport of FV and
FVIII from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi. We made a
diagnosis F5F8D by findings of decreased FV and FVIII levels in a
Chinese family.
Aims: Try to study the molecular mechanism of the disease and
observe the clinical features and treatment in this family.
Methods: We do a molecular genetic analysis in the family. All the exons of LMAN1 and MCFD2 genes were PCR amplified and
sequenced.
Results: We found a novel missense mutations p.Asp81Ala in MCFD2
gene in a Chinese family. The patient was homozygous missense mutation for Asp81Ala in exon 3 of MCFD2 gene, while his father and one
of his sisters were heterozygous. LMAN1 gene in this family was
revealed no additional mutations.
Conclusion: The presence of consanguineous marriage in the family
played an important role in the cause of this disease. The Asp81 missense mutations reported in MCFD2 to date was carried out from the
many patients, like Asp81Tyr and Asp81Asn, while the mutations
Asp81Ala have not previously been reported. Therefore, It seems
likely that the mutation in the Asp 81 is a hot region, The Asp81 residue replacement by Ala most likely disrupts the MCFD2LMAN1
cargo receptor complex.
PO137-MON
Successful abdominal operation without replacement
therapy in a patient with combined FV AND FVIII
deficiency due to novel homozygous mutation in
LMAN1
Wang A1, Duan Q2, Liu X1 and Wu J1
1
Department of Hematology, Anhui Provincial Hospital; Anhui
Provincial Hemophilia Treatment Center, Hefei, China; 2Anhui
Provincial Hospital, Hefei, China
Background: Surgical operations in congenital coagulation factor deficiencies patients will increase risk of perioperative bleeding if without
adequate replacement therapy. After adequate replacement therapy,
patients with hemophilias can have successful experience of surgical
operation. Patient with congenital combined FV and FVIII deficiency
(F5F8D) can also have successful percutaneous coronary intervention
after replacement therapy. There are rare reports about successful surgical operations in patients with F5F8D without adequate replacement
therapy.
Aims: We reported that a patient with combined FV and FVIII deficiency had successful abdominal operation without replacement therapy and analyzed the molecular mechanism of the disease for the
patient.
Methods: Before the diagnosis of the combined FV and FVIII deficiency, a 35 years old female patient was admitted for abdominal
operation due to hydrosalpinx and chocolate cyst of ovary. We do a
molecular genetic analysis in the family. Peripheral blood DNA was
extracted. All the exons of LMAN1 and MCFD2 genes were PCR
amplified and sequenced.
Results: Although with prolong activated partial thromboplastin
time and prothrombin time, the patient underwent successful
abdominal operation without replacement therapy. She tolerated
well for abdominal operation therapy without increase risk of perioperative bleeding. Molecular analysis showed that the patient has a
novel homozygous deletion mutation in exon 12 of LMAN1
(1456delGTG).
Conclusion: Our results suggest that a F5F8D patient with homozygous deletion mutation in exon 12 of LMAN1 (1456delGTG) can
safely undergo abdominal operation therapy for hydrosalpinx and
chocolate cyst of ovary without fresh frozen plama and recombinant
FVIII replacement therapy.
PO138-MON
Engagement of the active site of thrombin by
dabigatran or argatroban modulates its exositemediated interactions with fibrin and factor VA
Yeh C1,2, Stafford A2, Leslie B2, Fredenburgh JC1 and Weitz JI1
1
Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada;
2
Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster
Background: Thrombin is a highly plastic molecule whose activity and
specificity are regulated by exosites 1 and 2, positively-charged domains
flanking the active site. Exosite binding by substrates and cofactors regulates activity by a) localizing thrombin, b) guiding substrates and inhibitors, and c) inducing allosteric changes at the active site.
AimsAlthough exosite-to-active site allostery is well described, the
impact of active site occupation on exosite function has not been well
studied.
Methods: We examined the effects of the active site-directed inhibitors
dabigatran, argatroban, and dansylarginine N-(3-ethyl-1,5-pentanediyl)amide (DAPA) on thrombin binding to (a) immobilized yA- or
y-fibrin or factor Va using surface plasmon resonance (SPR), and (b)
three-dimensional fibrin clots.
Results: Using SPR, dabigatran decreased thrombin bound to immobilized yA- and y-fibrin, and factor Va in a concentration-dependent
manner with EC50 values of 184.6 4.3, 182.4 15.0, and
204.2 17.0 nM, respectively. At saturation, dabigatran decreased
thrombin binding to yA- and y-fibrin, and factor Va by 47.6 0.4,
28.4 1.6, and 37.9 3.2%, respectively. In contrast, argatroban
and DAPA increased thrombin binding to yA- and y-fibrin, and FVa
in a dose-dependent manner with EC50 values for argatroban of
62.4 4.8, 59.4 5.1, and 23.4 8.8 nM, respectively, and for
DAPA of 514.1 24.0, 515.9 31.0, and 565.1 200 nM, respectively. The effects of the inhibitors determined by SPR were confirmed
by measuring their effects on the binding of radiolabeled thrombin to
three-dimensional fibrin clots.
Conclusion: These findings highlight the bidirectional nature of thrombin allostery and suggest that active site-directed thrombin inhibitors
modulate exosite function. Therefore, active site-directed thrombin
inhibitors appear to operate at multiple mechanistic levels, and our
data suggest that dabigatran and argatroban may have divergent
effects on thrombin-substrate interactions.
ABSTRACTS
PO139-MON
Factor VA in synergy with protein s enhances activated
protein C binding to phospholipids
Gierula M, Salles-Crawley II, Crawley JTB, Lane DA and
m J
Ahnstro
Medicine/Centre for Haematology, Imperial College London,
London, UK
Background: Activated factor V (FVa), a cofactor in the prothrombinase complex, can be proteolytically cleaved/inactivated by activated
protein C (APC). The inactivation of FVa, which serves to inhibit
thrombin generation, is greatly enhanced by protein S. The molecular
mechanism(s) by which protein S enhances APC-mediated cleavage of
FVa has not yet been fully established. However, it has been hypothesised that protein S enhances the association of APC to phospholipid
surfaces. The role of FVa in the assembly of APC on phospholipid surfaces has not been defined.
Aims: To investigate how protein S and FVa (both individually and in
combination), influence the binding of APC to phospholipids.
Methods: Binding of active-site-labelled (FITC) APC to phospholipid
coated beads was evaluated using flow cytometry, in the presence and
absence of protein S and/or FVa.
Results: The binding of 50 nM APC to phospholipids was enhanced
by ~2-fold In the presence of protein S (100 nM). Whereas FVa
(25 nM) alone did not show any enhancement upon APC binding to
phospholipids, in combination with 100 nM protein S, it increased
APC binding to phospholipids by 3 to 6-fold. Unlike protein S alone,
however, the enhanced APC binding to phospholipids induced by FVa
and protein S in combination appeared to be time dependent, causing
a ~5.5-fold enhancement (by comparison to APC alone) after 1 min,
and ~3.8-fold after 3 min. The enhancement by protein S alone was
inhibited using anti-protein S antibodies. Interestingly, in the presence
of FVa and protein S in combination, both anti-protein S and anti-FV
antibodies were required to fully reverse the enhancement.
Conclusion: Protein S specifically augments the binding of APC to negatively-charged phospholipid surfaces. Moreover, FVa, in synergy
with protein S, further enhances APC association to these surfaces.
We hypothesise that through this mechanism, FVa increases the efficiency of its own APC-mediated inactivation in the presence of protein
S.
PO140-MON
Membrane cholesterol is a critical regulator of plateletassociated prothrombinase complex assembly
Haynes LM and Tracy PB
Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington,
VT, USA
Background: Activated platelets are a key site of prothrombinase complex assembly. They express distinct binding sites for factors Va and
Xa yet do not bind factor Xa in the absence of factor Va, and they support rapid thrombin generation despite low phosphatidylserine expression. The origin of these unique properties is not known.
Aims: To define the role of cholesterol in the assembly and function of
the platelet-associated prothrombinase complex.
Methods: Human platelets were isolated from consenting adults in
accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. To remove cholesterol,
platelets (1 9 109 mL1) were incubated with an optimal concentration of methyl-b-cyclodextrin (5 mM; MBCD) for 5 min at 37 C.
Cholesterol depletion was monitored by the loss of 3H-cholesterol.
Platelet activation with thrombin (5 U mL1) was assessed by P-selectin expression and factor Va release. Following activation, plateletassociated prothrombinase complex activity, the subpopulation of
313
platelets binding factor Xa, and the equilibrium binding of 125I-factor

Xa were determined.
Results: Treatment of washed human platelets with MBCD removed
4050% of membrane cholesterol. MBCD-treated platelets were fully
activated as indicated by P-selectin expression and factor Va release.
Removal of platelet cholesterol resulted in a 35% decrease in prothrombin (1.4 lM) activation rates. The KM for prothrombin was
unaffected, while the Vmax of the reaction was decreased two-fold from
15.6 2.2 to 8.5 1.5 nM s1. Although cholesterol-depletion did
not change the size of the platelet population that bound factor Xa, it
did decrease the average number of factor Xa molecules bound per
platelet from 1188 158 to 402 144.
Conclusion: Cholesterol plays an essential role in regulating the assembly of the platelet-associated prothrombinase complex. This result
challenges the paradigm that phosphatidylserine is the key lipid mediator of prothrombinase complex assembly.
PO141-MON
Reference value and stability of factor V
Dharma R1 and Rudianto R2
1
Clinical Pathology, Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital;
2
Scientific Marketing, PT Sysmex Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
Background: Factor V is a glycoprotein that function in the common
pathway of coagulation process as cofactor of factor Xa to activate
prothrombin. Up to now factor V and factor VIII are recognized as
labile coagulation factors. Generally monitoring of oral anticoagulant
therapy is done by testing prothrombin time (PT) because three out of
four vitamin K dependent factors (II, VII, IX, X) are assessed by this
test. However, the result of PT is also influenced by the level of factor
V and fibrinogen. As factor V is recognized as a labile factor, so the
reduced level of factor V in stored plasma may prolonged PT.
AimsThe aims of this study is to determine the reference value of factor V activity in Indonesian population and to know the stability of
factor V stored in cold condition.
Methods: Thirty five subjects consisted of healthy male and female,
aged 1865 year-old were recruited for determination of reference
value of factor V activity. Blood samples were collected in sodium citrate in 9:1 ratio, and then were centrifuged at 2000 g for 10 min to
obtain platelet poor plasma. Factor V activities were performed based
on PT test utilizing factor V deficient plasma from Siemens and
Thromborel S as a source of thromboplastin. The stability of factor V
were studied using pooled plasma consisted 10 normal and abnormal
plasma. Pooled plasma were aliquoting and divided into 4 groups. The
first group was carried out immediately as based line. The second
group were stored in 20o C, third group were stored in 4o C, and the
fourth group were stored in -20o C. The factor V activities for each
group were performed at 4 h, 12 h, and 24 h storage.
Results: The reference value of Factor V activities in Indonesian peoples were 80.4 to 160.3%.
Conclusion: Factor V was stable up to 4 h if stored at temperature of
20oC.
Disclosure of Interest: R. Dharma Grant/Research Support from: PT
Sysmex Indonesia, R. Rudianto: None declared.
314
ABSTRACTS
PO143-MON
Activated factor V inhibits the activation of factor IX by
tissue factor/factor VIIA complex
Huskens D1,2, Vries M1,3, Konings J1,2, Wagenvoord RJ2,
Bloemen S1,2, Dieri RA2, Roest M2, Hemker HC2, Lance M4,
Spronk HM3, Cate HT3, Henkens YM3,5 and de Laat B1,2
1
Biochemistry, MUMC; 2Synapse B.V.; 3Internal Medicine;
4
Anesthesiology; 5Central Diagnostic Laboratory, MUMC,
Maastricht, Netherlands
Background: In vitro experiments suggested that activated factor V
(FVa) inhibits the tissue factor (TF)/FVIIa complex to activate FX.
Aims: Investigate if FVa inhibits FIX activation by TF/FVIIa complex
and if this has an effect on thrombin generation (TG) in a large study
population.
Methods: The effect of FVa on the FIXa generation triggered with TF/
FVIIa or FXIa was measured in an in vitro reconstituted system using
fluorescent substrates. The effect of FVa on TG was measured in a
purified system triggered by TF (extrinsic) and by FIXa or FXIa
(intrinsic). Plasma levels of coagulation factors FII, FV, FVII, FX,
FVIII, FIX, FXI and FXII, as well as TG triggered with 1 pM or 5
pM TF, were determined in plasmas from 190 consecutive patients
(selected for preoperative screening for bleeding disorders). Informed
consent was obtained and study approval was obtained from the local
medical ethical committee. Potential influence of FV on TG was analyzed by multiple regression analysis.
Results: In the reconstituted system, FVa inhibited the activation of
FIX by TF/FVIIa in a dose-dependent manner, whereas FIX activation by FXIa was not affected. Furthermore, TF dependent TG in a
purified system was dose-dependently inhibited by FVa. The intrinsic
pathway, activated by FXIa or FIXa, was not inhibited by FVa. These
findings were confirmed in patient plasmas, showing that the ETP and
peak TG negatively correlated with FV levels (b between -0.31 and 0.45, P < 0.001), while the time to peak was positively associated with
FV (b=0.33 for 5 pM TF, b=0.28 for 1 pM TF, P < 0.001).
Conclusion: In a purified system FVa inhibits the activation of FIX by
TF/FVIIa complex. An inhibitory effect of FV on coagulation was
supported by a negative association between FV levels and thrombin
generation in plasmas from preoperative patients screened for bleeding
disorders. Whether the FV-dependent inhibition of FIX activation
occurs in vivo and the physiological relevance of this needs to be established.
PO144-MON
The C-domains of pseudonaja textilis venom factor V
contribute to cofactor stability but are dispensable for
lipid-independent prothrombinase function
Verhoef D1, Camire RM2, Reitsma PH1 and Bos MHA1
1
Division of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Einthoven Laboratory
for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical
Center, Leiden, Netherlands; 2Pediatrics/Hematology, The
Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA
Background: The essential cofactor Va (FVa; A1-A2-A3-C1-C2
domains) exclusively associates with the serine protease Xa (FXa) on a
negatively charged phospholipid surface through its lipid-binding Cdomains. Interestingly, FVa and FXa homologs from the venom of
the Australian snake Pseudonaja textilis bypass this surface requirement to achieve complexation.
Aims: Here, we investigated whether the C-domains of venom-derived
P.textilis factor V (ptFV) drive its lipid-independent cofactor function
and, if so, can sustain this unique property in the setting of human
FV.
Methods: To this end, we swapped the C-domains of constitutively

active B-domainless human FV (hFV) and ptFV and expressed and
purified the chimeric variants hFV-ptC and ptFV-hC. Using a purified
prothrombinase assay with the lipid-independent substrate prethrombin-1, FV cofactor activity was examined with both the human as well
as the venom-derived P.textilis FXa species in the presence or absence
of saturating amounts of lipids.
Results: Surprisingly, ptFV-hC displayed full cofactor activity, irrespective of the availability of anionic membranes, while hFV-ptC functioned equivalent to hFV without gain-of-function in the absence of
lipids. Consistent with this, the apparent affinity of the ptFV Cdomains for phospholipid vesicles with 255% anionic content is 10100-fold reduced compared to hFV. Interestingly, thermal stability
analysis showed that ptFV is significantly more heat-stable than hFV.
While the C-domain exchange adversely affected the thermal stability
of ptFV, it did not affect that of hFV.
Conclusion: Overall, we conclude that the ptFV C-domains are of little
relevance to its cofactor function and may have been evolutionary
adapted to reinforce ptFV cofactor stability in favor over lipid membrane association. As such, our findings imply an alternative mode of
macromolecular complex assembly in P.textilis venom that may have
little or no bearing on the molecular dynamics that govern human prothrombinase assembly on phospholipids.
Disclosure of Interest: D. Verhoef: None declared, R. Camire Grant/
Research Support from: Pfizer, Consultant for: Pfizer, P. Reitsma:
None declared, M. Bos Grant/Research Support from: Bayer Hemophilia Awards.
PO145-MON
Assessing the role of complex N-linked glycans on the
factor V light chain in endocytosis by megakaryocytes
Gertz JM, Jennings M2, Couperus C, Silveira J, Tracy P and
Bouchard B
Biochemistry2Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA
Background: Plasma-derived factor V is endocytosed by megakaryocytes via a two receptor system including low density lipoprotein
receptor related protein-1 and an unidentified binding site. Endocytosis is mediated by the light chain region of factor V (15462196), and
post-translational modifications are hypothesized to be involved in this
process.
Aims: The goal of this study was to determine if complex N-linked glycans at Asn1675 and Asn2181 are involved in factor V endocytosis by
megakaryocytes.
Methods: Native factor V was treated with glycosidases to selectively
trim glycan chains. Deglycosylation was confirmed and quantified by
tandem mass spectrometry. The effect of deglycosylation on factor V
cofactor activity was assessed in a prothrombin activation assay.
Endocytosis by megakaryocytes was subsequently determined by Western blotting.
Results: Mass spectrometry analyses indicated that treatment of factor
V with neuraminidase and b-1,4-galactosidase resulted in the quantitative removal of all sialic acid residues and ~60% of the galactose residues from Asn1675 and Asn2181, destroying potential lectin binding
sites. Prothrombinase assays indicated that factor Va cofactor activity
was unaffected by sugar removal. Endocytosis of factor V (30 nM,
3 h) was not affected by deglycosylation as measured by quantitative
Western blotting.
Conclusion: These combined observations indicate that trimming of
complex N-linked glycans at Asn1675 and Asn2181 of the factor V
light chain has no effect on factor V endocytosis by megakaryocytes or
factor Va cofactor activity. These findings suggest no involvement for
cellular lectins in factor V endocytosis.
ABSTRACTS
Coagulation factor VIII and IX I

PO146-MON
N9-GP overestimation in one-stage clot method due to
silica-mediated conversion to fixa during contact
activation
Rosen P1, Rosen S1, Ezban M2 and Persson E2
1
lndal, Sweden; 2Novo Nordisk A/S, M
Rossix AB, Mo
alv,
Denmark
Background The recovery of glycoPEGylated recombinant FIX (N9GP) in one-stage (OS) FIX clot method using silica-based aPTT
reagents is several-fold higher compared with that of plasma-derived
FIX.
Aims: To identify the cause of N9-GP overestimation in the OS FIX
clot method.
Methods: N9-GP and native FIX were incubated under conditions of,
or mimicking, the contact activation phase of the OS FIX clot method
using different aPTT reagents and deficient plasmas. Optionally, a
purified enzyme replaced plasma and free PEG was added. Quantification of FIXa, FXIa and plasma kallikrein vs. time was done by enzymatic activity measurements on samples collected during the various
incubations.
Results: Conversion of N9-GP, but not FIX, to FIXa occurred during
contact activation in the presence of a silica-containing aPTT reagent,
but not with two silica-free reagents. FXIa formation was similar with
all three aPTT reagents. Compared with the rate of contact phase activation of N9-GP added to FIX-deficient plasma, there was approx.
50% reduction in FXI-deficient plasma, and undetectable activation in
FXII- or prekallikrein-deficient plasma. Purified plasma kallikrein and
FXIa could activate N9-GP in the absence of Ca2+, also requiring the
presence of silica-containing aPTT reagent. This fits with the observed
normal kallikrein generation in FXI-deficient plasma, but no FXIa
formation in prekallikrein-deficient plasma. FXIIa on the other hand
did not activate any form of FIX. Thus silica appeared crucial for the
conversion of N9-GP to FIXa both in plasma during the contact activation phase and by purified enzymes (FXIa/kallikrein). The conversion was abolished by excess free PEG.
Conclusion: FXIa and kallikrein are responsible for the silica- and
PEGylation-dependent, precocious contact phase activation of N9-GP
in plasma, leading to overestimation in the OS FIX clot method. Conceivably, a silica surface mediates co-localisation of N9-GP (via the
PEG moiety) and its activators.
Disclosure of Interest: P. Rosen: None declared, S. Rosen: None
declared, M. Ezban Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S, E. Persson
Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S.
PO147-MON
In vivo effect of recombinant FVIIA (NOVOSEVEN)
and RFIX in a refined tail vein transection bleeding
model in mice with haemophilia A and B
Johansen PB1, Tranholm M2, Ley CD1, Elm T1, Haaning J3,
Ezban M4 and Knudsen T1
1
Haemophilia Pharmacodynamics; 2Haemophilia Pharmacology;
3
Research Projects; 4Haemophilia Biology, Novo Nordisk A/S,
M
alv, Denmark
Background: For in vivo effect studies, we have recently developed a
refined tail vein transection (TVT) bleeding model in haemophilia A
mice that has full anaesthetic coverage and avoids death/moribundity
as endpoints. As previously shown, the new model is sensitive to
replacement therapy with rFVIII.
Aims: To test the hypothesis that the new model would also be sensitive to rFVIIa bypass and rFIX therapies we examined the acute dose 2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997
315
responses of rFVIIa and rFIX in haemophilia A and B mice, respectively.

Methods: The refined tail vein transection (TVT) bleeding model was
applied with isoflurane anaesthetised F8-KO and F9-KO mice. Blood
was collected in 37 C saline and total blood loss quantified by haemoglobin.
Results: An inverse sigmoidal dose-response curve were fitted to
blood loss data for rFVIIa with an ED50 (mean and 95% CI) of
385 lg kg1 (252590 lg kg1) and full normalisation, i.e. bleeding
not different from wt controls, at 1080 lg kg1. For rFIX the ED50
was 6.1 IU kg1 (3.311 IU kg1) with full normalisation at
44 IU kg1. Thus, in line with previously presented data on rFVIII,
where the ED50 was 1.1 IU kg1 (0.092.0 IU kg1) with full normalisation at 5 IU kg1, the model was also sensitive to pharmacological intervention with rFVIIa and rFIX. In addition to using the
model acutely, it can also be employed in duration-of-effect experiments of rFVIIa, rFVIII, and rFIX and their potential analogues
and derivatives.
Conclusion: The refined tail vein transection model exhibits sensitivity
towards pharmacological intervention that is superior to the standard
tail clip model and on par with tail vein transection using death/neardeath as endpoint. Thereby, clinically relevant intervention with
rFVIII and rFIX, but importantly also rFVIIa, can be evaluated in the
refined model which eliminates the need for survival studies.
Disclosure of Interest: P. Johansen Shareholder of: Novo Nordisk A/S,
Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S, M. Tranholm Shareholder of: Novo
Nordisk A/S, Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S, C. Ley Shareholder
of: Novo Nordisk A/S, Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S, T. Elm
Shareholder of: Novo Nordisk A/S, Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S,
J. Haaning Shareholder of: Novo Nordisk A/S, Employee of: Novo
Nordisk A/S, M. Ezban Shareholder of: Novo Nordisk A/S, Employee
of: Novo Nordisk A/S, T. Knudsen Shareholder of: Novo Nordisk A/
S, Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S.
PO148-MON
Early immunological events in AAV-F9 mediated ITI for
hemophilia B mice with pathogenic fix inhibitors
Markusic D and Rogers G
Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
Background: Inhibitors for hemophilia B are difficult to eradicate
using conventional ITI due to pathogenic anaphylactic responses and
nephrotic syndrome. We have recently described a novel ITI therapy
based on factor IX (FIX) expression in hepatocytes mediated by
adeno-associated virus (AAV) F9 gene delivery in a inhibitor positive
hemophilia B mouse model that develops pathogenic responses to FIX
protein therapy.
Aims: The aims of the study were to determine early immunological
events following AAV8-F9 ITI liver gene therapy.
Methods: Hemophilia B mice received six weekly exposures of 1 IU
(40 IU kg1) FIX protein with antihistamine and PAF antagonist to
prevent fatal anaphylaxis. Plasma was collected by tail bleed for baseline measurements. Mice were divided into control (PBS) or treated
(AAV8-F9 1 9 1011 g) groups and followed for 10, 14, and 21 days
post AAV8-F9 gene delivery and plasma, spleen, and bone marrow
cells were collected for analysis. aPPT and Bethesda assays were run
on mouse plasma (Start4). FIX and anti-FIX IgG1 plasma levels were
determined by ELISA and anti-FIX secreting B and plasma cells in
splenocytes and bone marrow were determined by B cell ELISpot.
Results: Anti-FIX IgG1 levels were lowered as soon as day 10 following AAV8-F9 ITI, although we were able to detect plasma FIX by
ELISA, maximal correction of hemostasis was on day 14. We detected
anti-FIX IgG1 secreting B and plasma cells for all three time points
(days 10, 14, and 21), even though there was a noticeable absence of
inhibitors at the later time points (days 14 and 21) by IgG1 ELISA
and Bethesda assay.
316
ABSTRACTS
Conclusion: The rapid loss in plasma anti-FIX IgG1 levels observed in

our study is most likely due to sequestration by FIX protein expressed
from transduced hepatocytes followed by the suppression and not
elimination of the antibody producing cells by regulatory T cells.
These regulatory T cells most likely play a more prominent role in the
long-term suppression and eventual elimination of FIX specific B and
plasma cells.
PO149-MON
Recombinant long-acting glycopegylated factor IX
(nonacog beta pegol) in hemophilia B: assessment of
target joints in the multinational randomized phase 3
clinical trial
Negrier C1, Karim FA2, Hanabusa H3, Collins P4, Colberg T5,
Goldman B5 and Walsh C6
1
^pital Edouard Herriot, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1,
Ho
Lyon, France; 2Haemophilia Centre, National Blood Centre,
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; 3Ogikubo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan;
4
Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; 5Novo Nordisk A/S, Sborg,
Denmark; 6Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, USA
Background: The paradigmTM2 phase 3 trial demonstrated overall median annualized bleeding rates of 2.93 in the 10 IU kg1 and 1.04 in the
40 IU kg1 once-weekly prophylaxis (PPX) arms. Estimated mean
FIX trough activities during the trial were 8.5 IU dL1 in the 10 IU
kg1 arm and 27.3 IU dL1 in the 40 IU kg1 arm.
Aims: This post-hoc sub-group analysis investigated the outcome of
baseline-defined target joints in patients on PPX.
Methods: Patients were randomized to either 10 IU kg1 or
40 IU kg1 nonacog beta pegol once-weekly PPX for 52 weeks, or
included in on-demand treatment for 26 weeks. Patients on PPX with
target joints at baseline (defined as 3 or more bleeding episodes in a
particular joint within a period of 6 months prior to trial) were
included in this analysis. The trial was approved by independent ethics
committees and patients provided written informed consent.
Results: In the 10 IU kg1 and 40 IU kg1 arm, respectively, 13/30
(43%) and 15/29 (52%) patients had at least 1 target joint at baseline,
and of these 1/13 (7.7%) and 10/15 (67%) patients did not experience
a target joint bleed during trial. 24 target joints were registered in each
PPX arm at baseline, the majority being elbows (40%) and ankles
(29%). 7/24 (29%) target joints in the 10 IU kg1 arm and 17/24
(71%) target joints in the 40 IU kg1 arm did not bleed during the
trial.
By the recent ISTH definition (a target joint with 2 bleeds within
12 months is no longer considered a target joint), 58% of target joints
in the 10 IU kg1 arm and 90% of target joints in the 40 IU kg1 arm
had 2 bleeds during trial.
All target joint bleeds in the 40 IU kg1 arm were controlled with a
single injection of 40 IU kg1 nonacog beta pegol.
Conclusion: According to the recent ISTH definition, 90% of the target joints in the 40 IU kg1 arm would no longer be considered target joints at end of trial. The results support the potential of
nonacog beta pegol for routine PPX, prevention and treatment of
bleeding episodes, and for reducing target joints bleeds in patients
with hemophilia B.
Disclosure of Interest: C. Negrier Grant/Research Support from:
Novo Nordisk, Baxter, Bayer, CSL Behring, LFB and Pfizer, Consultant for: Novo Nordisk, Baxter, Bayer, CSL Behring, LFB and
Pfizer, Paid Instructor at: Novo Nordisk, Baxter, Bayer, CSL Behring, LFB and Pfizer, F. A. Karim: None declared, H. Hanabusa
Paid Instructor at: Baxter Healthcare, Novo Nordisk, Bayer, Pfizer,
Biogen Idec and KaketsuKen, Speaker Bureau of: Baxter Healthcare, Novo Nordisk, KaketsuKen and Biogen Idec, P. Collins
Grant/Research Support from: CSL Behring, Consultant for: Novo
Nordisk, Baxter, Bayer, CSL Behring, Biogen Idec, Paid Instructor

at: Novo Nordisk, Baxter, Bayer, CSL Behring, T. Colberg Shareholder of: Novo Nordisk A/S, Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S, B.
Goldman Shareholder of: Novo Nordisk A/S, Employee of: Novo
Nordisk A/S, C. Walsh Consultant for: Baxter, Bayer, Novo Nordisk, CSL Bering, Pfizer, Hoffman La Roche, Speaker Bureau of:
Novo Nordisk, Baxter.
PO150-MON
Assessment of recombinant factor IX-FC fusion protein
(RFIXFC) clotting activity in plasma samples at
canadian haemophilia treatment centres
Jon Geske F1, Sadeghi-Khomami A1, Chaudhry HR2,
Sholzberg M2 and Teitel J2
1
Precision Biologic, Dartmouth; 2St. Michaels Hospital, Toronto,
Canada
Background: A one-stage clotting assay using activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) is typically used to monitor factor IX (FIX)
activity in patient plasma samples. New therapies are becoming available to haemophilia patients, such as a recombinant FIX-Fc fusion
protein (rFIXFc). As these treatment options enter Canada, there is a
need to understand monitoring capabilities and potential variability of
these assays within local haemophilia treatment centres (HTCs).
Aims: The objective of this study was to assess the measurement of
FIX activity in laboratories in Canada by distributing uniformly prepared frozen plasma samples containing various levels of rFIXFc.
Methods: FIX-immunodepleted plasma was spiked with rFIXFc at
three different levels (0.80, 0.20, and 0.05 IU mL1) based on the
manufacturers labelled potency. Fourteen HTCs across Canada were
enrolled in the study and each tested the samples using their own onestage aPTT-based clotting assay and commercially available plasma
standards.
Results: Of the fourteen participating HTCs, there were seven different
aPTT reagent/instrument combinations which returned varying results
for each spiked sample. For the 0.80 IU mL1 sample, results ranged
from 0.41 to 0.95 IU mL1 (median = 0.72). Similarly, for the
0.20 IU mL1 sample there were a range of results from 0.11 to
0.35 IU mL1 reported (median = 0.21). Finally, results for the
0.05 IU mL1 sample varied between 0.03 and 0.12 IU mL1 (median
= 0.06).
Conclusion: The wide ranges show the variability among HTCs in the
measurement of FIX clotting activity of rFIXFc plasma samples. This
variability could be due to differences in sample handling and analytical factors such as the aPTT reagent and coagulometer used. Previous
studies have also revealed differences in FIX activity from other
replacement products, and local centres need to be cognizant of this
variability.
Disclosure of Interest: F. J. Geske Employee of: Precision BioLogic, A.
Sadeghi-Khomami Employee of: Precision BioLogic, H. Chaudhry:
None declared, M. Sholzberg: None declared, J. Teitel: None declared.
ABSTRACTS
PO151-MON
A case of severe hemophilia B associated with a large
insertion of SVA RETROTRANSPOSON in the
coagulation factor IX gene
Mizutani N1, Nakamura Y1, Murata M1,2, Takagi Y1, Hasebe R1,
Kozuka T1, Nakata Y1, Takagi A1, Kitazawa J-I3, Shima M4 and
Kojima T1
1
Pathophysiological Laboratory Science, Nagoya University
Graduate School, Nagoya; 2Research Fellow of Japan Society for
the Promotion of Science, Tokyo; 3Kuroishi General Hospital,
Kuroishi; 4Paediatric, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
Background: Hemophilia B (HB) is an X-linked recessive bleeding disorder caused by abnormalities of the coagulation factor IX gene (F9).
The phenotypic severity of HB seems to be related to the position and
type of the mutation. Insertion mutations in F9 ranging from a few to
more than 100 bp account for only a few percent of all causes of HB
case.
Aims: To identify the causative gene mutation in a Japanese patient
with severe hemophilia B, we investigated the abnormality in his F9.
Methods: The study was approved by the institutional committee for
research ethics. After obtaining informed consent, we prepared genomic DNA of the patient from his peripheral leukocytes. We next performed direct DNA sequencing of the F9-specific PCR products and
multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) analysis for
F9. We also performed a long-range PCR to identify the precise abnormality. In order to clarify complete sequence of the large insertion
observed in the patient, we cloned a part of his F9 containing the
inserted region into pBluescript KS+ vector. Then, we prepared nested
deletions of the insert using Exonuclease III and S1 nuclease, followed
by sequence determination. We also performed an exontrap experiment to analyze abnormality in mRNA splicing events.
Results: In the patient sample, no F9-specific PCR product was amplified for exon 6, but MLPA showed a normal gene dose of exon 6.
Long-range PCR revealed an approximately 2.5-kb SVA-F (SINEVNTR-Alu subfamily F) element flanking by 15-bp duplications in the
antisense orientation in exon 6, which causes a premature termination.
Exontrap analysis showed only aberrant splice events of F9 exons 5
and 6 in the SVA retrotransposition construct. No other causative
mutation for HB was found in his F9. These data suggest that abnormal FIX mRNA may be degraded by nonsense-mediated mRNA
decay leading to FIX deficiency in the patient.
Conclusion: We identified a large insertion of SVA retrotransposon
leading to severe HB in a Japanesesubject.
PO152-MON
Tissue distribution of RIX-FP after intravenous
application to rodents
Schenk S, Doerr B, May F, Herzog E, Dickneite G and Nolte MW
Pharmacology/Toxicology, Csl Behring Gmbh, Marburg,
Germany
Background: rIX-FP, a recombinant fusion protein linking coagulation
factor IX with albumin, is currently undergoing clinical trials in hemophilia B patients. Within a previously conducted QWBA (quantitative
whole body autoradiography) study in rats following intravenous (i.v.)
administration of radioactive-labelled rIX-FP, it was demonstrated
that rIX-FP exhibits equal biodistribution but a prolonged tissue
retention time compared to a marketed factor IX (FIX) product. However, rIX-FP tissue distribution on a protein and functionality level
was not addressed in this study.
Aims: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the rIX-FP protein
and activity levels in tissues following i.v. administration to rats and
317
FIX-deficient mice (hemophilia B mice), a commonly used model to

mimic the situation in hemophilia B patients.
Methods: rIX-FP was i.v. administered to rats and hemophilia B mice at
a dose of 2000 IU kg1. Thereafter, animals were euthanized at specific
time points up to 72 h post dosing. Subsequently, plasma and various
tissues were harvested and quantitatively analyzed for FIX antigen levels
(rats and mice) using an ELISA assay as well as for FIX activity levels
(mice only) using a chromogenic assay. For tissue samples, respective
assays were performed in supernatants of tissue homogenates.
Results: Following i.v. administration to rats, rIX-FP distributed into all
tissues analyzed (i.e. liver, kidney, skin and knee) with peak antigen levels
reached between 1 and 7 h post dosing, thereby matching initial QWBA
data. In hemophilia B mice, rIX-FP tissue distribution was comparable
to rats using FIX antigen, but also FIX activity levels as readouts.
Conclusion: Our data confirm initial QWBA data showing that rIX-FP
distributes into target tissues following administration. Importantly, it
was demonstrated that rIX-FP available in tissues retains its functional activity and can thus facilitate its therapeutic activity at the site
of potential injury.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Schenk Employee of: CSL Behring GmbH, B.
Doerr Employee of: CSL Behring GmbH, F. May Employee of: CSL
Behring GmbH, E. Herzog Employee of: CSL Behring GmbH, G.
Dickneite Employee of: CSL Behring GmbH, M. Nolte Employee of:
CSL Behring GmbH.
PO153-MON
The effects of a novel long-acting factor IX product
(N9-GP) on wound healing
Chappell E1, Ezban M2, Hoffman M3 and Monroe DM1
1
McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina At
Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA; 2Pharmacology, Novo Nordisk A/
S, Malov, Denmark; 3Pathology, Duke University, Durham, USA
Background: Hemophilia is a bleeding disorder caused by a lack of
active coagulation protein (factor VIII in hemophilia A, factor IX in
hemophilia B). To prevent uncontrolled bleeding, hemophilia B
patients receive replacement factor IX (either plasma-derived or
recombinant versions) as prophylaxis. Current standard therapies have
a relatively short half-life and must be dosed approximately once every
two to three days. A glycopegylated factor IX (N9-GP) in clinical
development has demonstrated a longer circulation half-life and has
shown to be well tolerated and efficacious when dosed weekly, which
has promising implications for patient compliance and ease of use.
Here, we evaluate N9-GP in a hemophilia mouse model of dermal
wound healing.
Aims: To compare hemophilia B (FIX/) mice treated with a single
dose of N9-GP (285 or 470 IU/kg) to assess whether treatment corrects the wound healing defect observed in untreated FIX/ mice.
Methods: Excisional dermal wounds were placed on the backs of wildtype, untreated FIX/ and N9-GP-treated FIX/ mice using a 3mm biopsy punch. The area of the wounds and number of healed mice
were observed daily. At days 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10, some mice were sacrificed and wound samples were fixed for histological analyses.
Results: There was a dose-dependent decrease in wound area with N9GP treatment. The healing times of the two N9-GP-treated groups
were not different; both healed faster than untreated FIX/ mice but
not as fast as wild-type mice. Paraffin-embedded wound samples were
immunohistochemically stained to compare macrophage infiltration,
iron deposition and angiogenesis between groups.
Conclusion: A single dose of N9-GP improved wound healing in hemophilic mice and decreased the iron accumulation and delayed macrophage influx associated with FIX/ wound healing. N9-GP also
proved to be more effective than a single dose of rFIX, which did not
affect the time to healing in this model.
Disclosure of Interest: E. Chappell Grant/Research Support from:
Novo Nordisk A/S, M. Ezban Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S, M.
318
ABSTRACTS
Hoffman Grant/Research Support from: Novo Nordisk A/S, D. Monroe Grant/Research Support from: Novo Nordisk A/S.
PO154-MON
Inherited factor VIII and IX deficiency in patients
reported to a tertiary care University hospital in India: a
retrospective cohort analysis
Babu B
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal University, Manipal,
India
Background: Coagulation factor disorders are rare and most commonly inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. These cases are largely asymptomatic and their adverse events get detected during
bruises, cut, gum bleeds and menorrhagia. Early diagnosis ensures the
patient with proper care and treatment.
Aims: To evaluate the clinico-pathological, therapeutic and economic
outcomes with coagulation Factor VIII and IX disorders (FVIII&IXD) [ICD-10 D66, D67].
Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis on patients admitted during
2012-13 was carried out with F-VIII&IXD at KMC hospital Manipal,
West coastal region of Southern India.
Results: Seventy-eight patients diagnosed with F-VIII&IXD. The median age of onset of bleeding was <1 year in which all were males. 67%
of patients were found to have a strong family history of which 58%
were offspring from consanguineous marriage. Religion-wise 60%
were Hindus, 36% Muslims and others were 5%. Bleeding complications (left knee hemarthrosis) were the most predominant seen in 71%
of the patients. Factor assays in 40% showed severe hemophilia presenting with 65% Grade III, 23%>Grade II and 13% Grade I anemia,
moderate hemophiliacs were 40% with 58% Grade III, 26%>Grade II
and 16% Grade I anemia and 20% with mild severity who had 81%
Grade III, 19% Grade II with no Grade I anemia. Management was
in accordance to Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality guidelines. F-VIII&IX concentrates; Tranexamic acid and Fresh Frozen
plasma/whole blood/Cryoprecipitate were used for symptomatic,
maintenance and supportive therapy respectively. Cost of therapy per
admission per patient was calculated to be US$350.
Conclusion: F-VIII&IXD are inherited in both sexes were it expresses
in males predominantly while offsprings from consanguineous marriage, common in India are at greater risk. Patients who can afford
standard treatment and follow-up show better symptom free period as
compared to those who couldnt, is an alarm for administrators and
policymakers.
PO155-MON
Protein S, a new agent in adjunct therapy of
hemophilia B
Majumder R1, Fried H1 and Arruda V2
1
Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,
Chapel Hill; 2Pedriatrics, The Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia,
Philadelphia, USA
Background: Current treatment of Hemophilia B consists of infusion
of factor IX (FIX) concentrates to substitute for deficient FIX, i.e.,
replacement therapy. Yet, replacement is only temporary, as infused
FIX is cleared rapidly from a patients plasma. We found that Protein
S (PS) inhibits FIX, and, importantly, anti-PS antibody increased FIX
activity in Hemophilia B plasma, implying that blocking PS activity
may achieve longer lasting replacement therapy.
Aims: To assess the effectiveness of anti-PS antibody in reducing clotting time.
Methods: Clotting, thrombin generation, isolated factor assays.
Results: We used a modified aPTT assay (clotting initiated with FIX)

with FIX-deficient plasma and varied the concentrations of added FIX
and anti-PS antibody. The aPTT clotting times in the presence and
absence of anti-PS antibody were measured for 2.5 (51 sec +Ab; 69 sec
Ab), 5 (43 sec +Ab; 59 s Ab),10 (38 sec +Ab; 51 sec Ab), and
20 nM FIXa (33 sec +Ab; 40 sec Ab). Results showed that in FIXdeficient plasma, an anti-PS antibody would make added FIXa ~3 fold
more active. We also performed a thrombin generation assay with the
same FIX-deficient plasma in the presence of 1, 2.5 and 5 nM FIXa
and measured peak thrombin formation in the presence of anti-PS
antibody. Both the thrombin generation assay and the clotting assay
gave similar results, i.e., addition of neutralizing anti-PS antibody
made FIX ~3 fold more active. In wild type mice we have found that
PS inhibited thrombin generation. Work is underway to assess hemostasis in Hemophilic B mice receiving a low dose of FIX and PS antibodies. Improved hemostasis in this mouse model would move anti-PS
antibody to the forefront as a possible adjunct in Hemophilia therapy.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that administration of anti-PS antibodies to hemophilia B patients may achieve the goal of longer lasting
replacement therapy. Antibody blocking PS activity towards FIXa is
the most straightforward approach and one most likely to succeed.
PO156-MON
In vivo efficacy of human recombinant factor IX
produced by the human hepatoma cell line HUH-7
Enjolras N, Perot E, Quellec SL, Indalecio A, Girard J, Negrier C
and Dargaud Y
Hemostase & Cancer, University of Lyon 1, LYON, France
Background: Post-translational modifications (PTM) of the CHO-cellderived-recombinant human factor IX (FIX) currently used for the
treatment of hemophilia B (HB) are different from plasma derived
FIX. Our previous results described a rFIX (HIX) produced by Huh-7
cells having better PTM profile than rFIX produced by CHO cells.
Aims: The study consisted to verify the improved PTM effect of HIX
in vivo. We hypothesized that the efficacity of HIX previously identified in vitro might be verified after injection in HB mice.
Methods: HIX has been produced in a bioreactor and then purified
from supernatants. In vitro activation and activity were evaluated,
measured by thrombin generation tests (TGT) and compared to commercial molecules, Benefix, Mononine. The three molecules were
then administrated (i.v.) to FIX-knockout mice (at the dosage of
10 lg FIX/20 mg body weight) and two min after injection, blood
samples were collected and subjected to human FIX-specific-ELISA
and TGT.
Results: The clotting function of HIX, activation courses of HIX by
FXIa and FVIIa-TF complex or by FXIa appear normal as did activation of Benefix, Mononine and TG constants of each FIX were
equivalent. After injection to HB mice, circulating HIX did not present
any significant difference in term of antigen value with Benefix.
Intriguingly, TGT were clearly exhibiting a better velocity and thrombin peak for HIX than Benefix and Mononine. These data suggested that HIX may improve in vivo coagulant efficacy in
comparison with the two commercial FIX injected at the same dose.
Conclusion: The study shows that HuH-7-derived-rFIX has better
in vivo haemostatic activity in hemophilia B mice compared to the reference rFIX molecule despite similar in vivo recovery rates, suggesting
that HuH-7 cells could represent an effective cellular system for production of rFIX.
ABSTRACTS
PO157-MON
Incorporation of mutations at E410 of factor IX
improves clotting activity in vitro and in vivo
Perot E, Enjolras N, Quellec SL, Girard J, Indalecio A, Negrier C
and Dargaud Y
Hemostase & Cancer, University of Lyon 1, Lyon, France
Background: Replacement therapy in severe Hemophilia B (HB) is
very effective but is limited by FIX concentrates injections frequency
and cost issues. Production of a recombinant FIX (rFIX) with
enhanced clotting activity and prolonged half-life is one of the current
challenges for HB treatment. We previously reported four modified
rFIX mutants with a substitution at glutamate E410 (E410H, E410A,
E410L and E410N) presenting a 3 to 5 higher specific activity in-vitro.
Aims: The study consisted to understand the causes contributing to the
increased clotting activity of FIXE410 by determining several functional parameters in vitro and in vivo.
Methods: Recombinant FIX molecules were produced by the Huh-7
cell line. Interaction of FIXE410 mutants with FX and FVIIIa, were
compared to FIXwt using FXa generation assays. HB mice were
injected with FIX molecules (10 lg FIX/20 mg body weight) for
kinetic parameter determination. Washed platelet suspensions were
prepared from pooled whole blood of five HB mice for ex-vivo FIX
binding assays.
Results: In the presence of FVIIIa, the apparent Kd of FIXE410 varying from 1.55 to 2.35 nM were lower than the Kd of FIXwt 3.50 nM.
The three variants FIXE410H, FIXE410L and FIXE410A exhibited
2.2-fold higher affinity for FVIIIa while FIXE410N had 1.5-fold
higher affinity compared to FIXwt. Finally, the Vmax of the
FIXE410H was increased by 3.9 fold in comparison with the FIXwt.
Two min after infusion to HB mice, the concentrations of FIXwt in
mice plasma were 4-fold higher than FIXE410H. However,
FIXE410H induced the highest clotting activity and thrombin generating capacity in vivo. We have demonstrated a rapid and increased
binding of FIXE410H to mice platelets compared to FIXwt explaining
the decrease in the in-vivo recovery.
Conclusion: We have engineered and characterized four improved FIX
proteins with enhanced in vitro and in vivo activity. These results suggest that these new molecules could optimize protein replacement therapy for HB treatment.
Disclosure of interest: None declared.
PO158-MON
The sleeping-beauty transposon technology for the
generation of cellular and animal models of
haemophilia B and the assessment of RNA-based
therapeutic approach
Barbon E1, Ferrarese M1, Ronzitti G2, Collaud F2, Pinotti M1 and
Mingozzi F2,3
1
Life Sciences and Biotechnology Department, University of
Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; 2Genethon, Evry; 3University Pierre and
Marie Curie, Paris, France
Background: Intervention at the mRNA level is emerging as therapeutic strategy for genetic disorders, which may overcome some limitations of gene replacement therapy. Variants of the spliceosomal
U1snRNAs have been exploited to correct splicing mutations, but
mainly in minigene assays. This highlights the need for appropriate
mutation-specific cellular and animal models.
Aims: To exploit the Sleeping Beauty Transposon (SB100X) for the
development of cellular/mouse models of Haemophilia B (HB) caused
by the FIXex5-2C splicing variant, in order to assess the U1-mediated
correction in a genomic context.
319
Methods: Co-transfection of Hek293 with plasmids (p) for the transposon/splicing competent-human FIX (SChFIX) variants and the
SB100X, and measurement of FIX mRNA (RT-PCR) and protein
(ELISA). Hydrodynamic injection of pSChFIX with the pSB100X in
wild-type C57BL/6J mice, and evaluation of hFIX expression by species-specific assays. Delivery of the therapeutic U1sh9 via adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors-mediated gene transfer.
Results: We created stable clones for the FIXex5-2C variant displaying
the FIX aberrant splicing pattern (exon 5 skipping), which was rescued
(from undetectable to ~45% of correct transcripts) by the U1sh9, and
resulted in significant increase of secreted FIX levels (from ~3 to
~45 ng mL1, P < 0.05). Mice injected with the hFIX cDNA and
pSB100X expressed high and stable protein levels (100 ng mL1
2.5 lg mL1), while low FIX expression was obtained with the SChFIX mutant cassette (<10 ng mL1 1 month post-injection). Rescue
of the FIXex5-2C mutant in vivo is ongoing, with evidence of efficacy
of the AAV-mediated delivery of the U1sh9.
Conclusion: The SB-Technology represents a useful platform for the
creation of mutation-specific HB models, which will be exploited in F9
KO mice to assess the impact of the U1snRNA-mediated FIX rescue
on coagulation efficiency and hemorrhagic phenotype. The approach
could be extended to other molecular defects to investigate alternative
therapeutic options.
PO159-MON
Comparison of factor IX glycosylation in different age
groups
Atkinson HM1,2, Berry LeslieR1,2 and Chan AKC1,2
1
Pediatrics; 2Thrombosis & Atherosclerosis Research Institute,
Background: Factor IX (FIX) is a critical coagulation factor, with deficiencies resulting in hemophilia B, a severe bleeding disorder. In children FIX levels are significantly reduced vs. adults. Human FIX
contains 2 potential N-linked glycosylation sites which are fully occupied in the adult molecule. Protein glycosylation is known to affect
pharmacodynamics and function, and previous research has shown
that glycosylation of some coagulation factors can differ in newborns
vs. adults.
Aims: To compare the N-linked glycosylation profiles of FIX in adults
and newborns.
Methods: Adult pooled plasma was purchased commercially. Newborn
plasma was obtained from umbilical cords after delivery of healthy
full-term babies and pooled ( 28 donors). FIX from adult or newborn
plasmas was partially purified by immuno-affinity chromatography.
FIX was deglycosylated with N-glycosidase F (PNGaseF) and apparent molecular weight (MW) determined by SDS-PAGE. To evaluate
sialic acid content, plasmas were treated with and without neuraminidase and subjected to native PAGE with immunoblotting for FIX
detection.
Results: Adult and newborn FIX had similar apparent MW on SDSPAGE (69.1 2.1 kDa and 68.7 2.5 kDa respectively, n = 3).
Treatment with PNGaseF caused a shift to a similarly lower apparent
MW for both molecules (57.5 2.0 kDa and 58.0 2.0 kDa, n = 3).
Native PAGE assessment indicated no major difference in migration
between adult and newborn FIX. After treatment with neuraminidase
migration decreased but again there was no apparent difference
between adult and newborn proteins.
Conclusion: There is no observed macroheterogeneity in total N-glycan
content between adult and newborn FIX and no clear difference in sialic acid content. Therefore, the trend towards altered glycosylation in
adult vs. newborn coagulation factors is not demonstrated in FIX,
which may indicate a critical role for these structures throughout life.
320
ABSTRACTS
To our knowledge this is the first study of FIX glycosylation in newborns.

PO160-MON
Investigations into anticoagulant resistance and
enhanced activation as putative molecular mechanisms
of the hyperactivity of factor IX Padua
Samelson-Jones B, Finn JD, Camire RM and Arruda VR
Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, The Childrens Hospital of
Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA
Background: The naturally occurring hyperactive Factor IX (FIX)
Padua, due to the Arg338Leu substitution, provides appealing possibilities to improve therapeutics for hemophilia B (HB). The eight-fold
increase in specific activity of this variant compared to wild type (WT)
allows for a decrease in the therapeutic dose while simultaneously
maintaining hemostatic efficacy. Indeed, there are ongoing and
planned clinical gene-therapy trials for HB utilizing this approach.
Despite these exciting therapeutic potentials, the molecular mechanism
responsible for the hyperactivity remains unknown.
Aims: To determine the mechanism of FIX Padua hyperactivity.
Methods: Recombinant factor expression, clotting, thrombin generation.
Results: In a complete twenty amino acid scan at position 338, we
observe that FIX-Padua is the most active variant, while FIX-WT is
one of the least functional. Moreover, more than two-thirds of substitutions result in FIX variants with at least equal activity compared to
WT. We see no evidence of spontaneous activation of FIX-Padua during recombinant expression and purification and in vitro kinetics of
FIX activation by activated FXIa are similar between FIX-Padua and
WT. We also observe the same increase in both clotting activity and
thrombin generation of the Padua variant compared to FIX-WT when
using either the zymogen or activated enzyme. Finally, the hyperactivity of FIX-Padua is not affected by decreasing the Protein S concentration.
Conclusion: The ability of the majority of substitutions to increase FIX
activity suggests that the hyperactivity is more likely due to a disruption of a molecular interaction, such as would occur if FIX-Padua was
resistant to endogenous anticoagulants. However, Protein S does not
seem to be involved. Most importantly, our data demonstrates that
the hyperactivity of FIX Padua is also not due to differences in FIX
activation. These initial results support the safety of FIX Padua as it
moves forward in clinical trials.
PO161-MON
Variety of F9 mutation identified in 43 Japanese
hemophilia B patients
Shinozawa K1, Inaba H2, Suzuki T2, Bingo M2, Seita I2,
Hagiwara T2, Amano K1,2 and Fukutake K1,2
1
Molecular Genetics of Coagulation Disorders; 2Laboratory
Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
Background: Hemophilia B is X-linked recessive inheritance bleeding
disorder caused by coagulation factor IX (FIX) gene (F9) mutations
resulting in an absence or reduced activity of FIX. The F9 is located at
Xq27.1 with 8 exons and encodes a 2.8 kb mRNA. In 1,095 kinds of
mutation of Factor IX Variant Database (http://www.factorix.org), a
point mutation was most common with 72.9%.
Aims: We performed F9 gene analysis to examine the relationship
between genotype and phenotype.
Methods: Informed consent was obtained from the patients who participated in the study. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan. Purified PCR
templates from genomic DNA were analyzed by direct sequencing and
MLPA .
Results: A total of 43 patients with hemophilia B were included in this
study. Twenty-eight patients were classified as severe hemophilia B
(FIX activity <1%). Among them, we observed 14 missense (50%), 8
nonsense (29%), 1 splice site (4%) mutations and 5 small deletions
(18%). In 15 moderate and mild patients, we observed 11 missense
(73%), 2 nonsense (13%) and 2 splice site (13%) mutations. Thirtythree distinct F9 mutations were identified, including 20 missense
(61%), 7 nonsense (21%), 3 splice site (9%) mutations and 3 small
deletions (9%). Duplication and large deletion were not detected by
MLPA. Novel 9 mutations, included 7 missense (p.Gly50Asp,
p.Ala74Pro, p.Asn80Thr, p.Gln96Lys, p.Pro239Arg, p.Leu346Pro,
p.Ala337Leu), 1 donor splice site (c.838 + 3A>C) and 1 frameshift
(c.1318 delA) mutations, were identified. Seven mutation hot spots
(p.Arg43Gln, c.159-160 delAG, p.Ala74Pro, p.Arg294*, p.Arg298*,
p.Arg384*, p.Gly413Glu) were identified. Therefore the p.Ala74Pro
was detected only in this study, the findings suggested that the novel
mutation was a founder-effect in Japanese.
Conclusion: As the first inclusive report, we demonstrated that a variety of mutations in F9 were causes of Japanese patients with hemophilia B.
Disclosure of Interest: K. Shinozawa Grant/Research Support from:
Baxter, Paid Instructor at: Bayer, Novo Nordisk, Speaker Bureau of:
Baxter, Bayer, Pfizer, Novo Nordisk, H. Inaba Grant/Research Support from: Baxter, Paid Instructor at: Bayer, Speaker Bureau of: Baxter, Bayer, Pfizer, T. Suzuki Grant/Research Support from: Novo
Nordisk, Consultant for: Pfizer, Novo Nordisk, Baxter, Paid Instructor at: Novo Nordisk, Bayer, Speaker Bureau of: Baxter, Bayer, Novo
Nordisk, Sekisui Medical, M. Bingo Consultant for: Bayer, NovoNordisk, Paid Instructor at: Bayer, Baxter, Speaker Bureau of: Bayer,
Baxter, I. Seita Consultant for: NovoNordisk, Paid Instructor at: Baxter, Bayer, Speaker Bureau of: Pfizer, Bayer, Baxter, T. Hagiwara
Consultant for: Baxter, Novo Nordisk, CSL Behring, Biogen Idec,
Paid Instructor at: Bayer, Speaker Bureau of: Pfizer, Baxter, K. Amano Consultant for: Baxter, Novo Nordisk, Bayer, Paid Instructor at:
Baxter, Bayer, Speaker Bureau of: Baxter, Bayer, Pfizer, Biogen Idec,
Novo Nordisk, Kaketsuken, K. Fukutake Grant/Research Support
from: Baxter, Bayer, Pfizer, Kaketsuken, Japan Blood Products Organization, CSL Behring, Novo Nordisk, Biogen Idec., Consultant for:
Baxter, Pfizer, Biogen Idec, Bayer, CSL Behring, Kaketsuken, SRL,
LSI Medience, Novo Nordisk, Paid Instructor at: Baxter, Bayer,
Speaker Bureau of: Baxter, Bayer, Pfizer, Biogen Idec, Novo Nordisk,
CSL Berring, Roche Diagnosics, Fujirebio Inc, Sekisui Medical.
PO162-MON
Location of two novellargegene deletions in Chinese
haemophilia B patients
Wang Q, Liu H, Tang L, Hu B, Hu Y and on behalf of
Hematology, Hubei Clinical and Research Center of Thrombosis
and Hemostasis, Wuhan, China
Background: Haemophilia B (HB) is a rare X-linked recessive bleeding
disorder by mutations in the coagulation factor IX (FIX) gene. Large
gene deletions occur in a minority of hemophilia B patients. Hitherto,
few partial gene deletions have had breakpoints defined.
Aims: The aim of the study was to identify the characterization of the
causative mutations in the FIX gene in HB patients from central China
and to localize the breakpoints of the partial FIX gene deletions.
Methods: For the propositi and suspicious carriers, all regions of FIX
gene, including all exons and the flanking sequences, were amplified
ABSTRACTS
by Polymerase Chain Reaction. Screening of the factor IX gene was
performed by direct sequencing. Using a 50 primer for the fragment
of exon before the exon that couldnt be amplified (Exon forward)
and a 30 primer for the fragmentof exon after it(Exon backward),
large gene deletion of the suspicious subject was approved in comparison to the normal controlby long distance-PCR and agarose gel electrophoresis. Several pair primers were designed to cover all areas
from Exon forward to the putative breakpoint and from theputative
breakpointtoExon backward, respectively, which were used to localize the breakpoint.
Results: Twenty different FIX gene mutations were identified in the
20 HB patients,3 had large gene deletions (1 total and 2 partial), 2
small deletions, and 15 single nucleotide substitutions.The two partial gene deletions are analyzed, they are g.10413_11363del953 and
g.12163_23369del11207,the coagulation activity of FIX (FIX:C) are
6% and 0.7%, respectively.We also discovered a homozygous missense mutation c.571C>T,with amino acid changing Arg191intoCys
in the exon 6 of a 3-year old mild HB (FIX:C -19.5%) subjects
FIX gene.
Conclusion: The FIX mutations were heterogenous and the missense
mutations were the most prevalent gene defects. The location of two
novel large gene deletions were defined.
PO163-MON
Quantitation and visualisation of nanosize protein
aggregates in RFIX and PDFIX concentrates
ller A1 and Kehrel B1
Brodde M1, Wiemann M2, Mu
1
Experimental and Clinical Hemostasis, University Hospital
Munster; 2IBE gGmbH, Munster, Germany
Background: Non-native protein aggregation is a prevalent problem
occurring in many biopharmaceutical manufacturing processes.
Changes in protein structure can expose internal hydrophobic regions
of the polypeptide chain, forming larger assembles of misfolded proteins. A discussion is currently ongoing between regulators, industry
and academia to determine whether sub-visible particles could pose a
significant risk (Den Engelsman et al. Pharm Res 2011).
Aims: As the presence of aggregates in biopharmaceutical formulations remains a quality and safety concern we analyzed the amount of
sub-visible protein particles in rFIX and pdFIX concentrates.
Methods: Subvisible particles < 400 nm were examined in 1 rFIX product (Benefix) and 7 pdFIX products (Alphanine, Berinine, Factor IX
Biotest, Immunine, Haemonine, Mononine, Octanine) using a NanoSight Nanoparticle tracking analysis system. The technique combines
laser light scattering microscopy with a charge-coupled device camera,
which enables the visualization and recording of protein aggregates in
solution, relating the degree of movement under Brownian motion to
the sphere equivalent hydrodynamic diameter particle size. The FIX
concentrates were diluted with nanoparticle-free water (negative control). To avoid potential external contamination preparation of samples was performed using a laminar flow hood.
Results: In Benefix only very few, small (<250 nm) sub-visible particles
were found. pdFIX concentrates contained a lot more particles with
different sizes. Many small particles and a few particles up to 480 nm
were found in Berinine and Haemonine. Immunine contained small
particles, but also particles with average sizes of 350 and 600 nm.
Conclusion: Hemophilia patients are treated for lifetime, and therefore
products for their treatments needs to be controlled to the greatest
possible extend.
Ex vivo studies should be initiated to measure the amount of injected
misfolded proteins / protein particles and the influence of these product impurities in vivo.
321
PO164-MON
Inhibitor development in relation to treatment duration
in severe hemophilia A in previously untreated
patients: results from the sippet trial
Peyvandi F1, Mannucci PM2, Garagiola I3, Anzoletti MB1, ElBeshlawy A4, El-Alfy M5, Madatha VR6, Eshghi P7,
Varadarajan R8, Hanagavadi S9, Karimi M10, Manglani MV11,
Ross C12, Young G13, Seth T14, Apte S15, Nayak D16,
Santagostino E1, Mancuso E1, Gonzalez ACS17, Tarek
Owaidah M18, Rosendaal FR19 and on behalf of SIPPET
Investigators
1
Fondazione IRCCS Ca Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico;
2
Scientific Direction, IRCCS Ca Granda Foundation Maggiore
Policlinico Hospital; 3Department of Pathophysiology and
Transplantation, Universit
a degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy;
4
Paediatric Haematology Department, University Pediatric
Hospital; 5Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University Department
Pediatrics, Cairo, Egypt; 6Jehangir Clinical Development Centre,
Department of Haematology, Jehangir Hospital Premises, Pune,
India; 7Comprehensive Care Center for Children with Hemophilia
Mofid Children Hospital, Tehran, Iran; 8Centre for Blood
Disorders, Chennai; 9Karnataka Hemophilia Care and
Hematology Research Center, Karnataka, India; 10Hemophilia
Center - Hematology & Oncology Department Shiraz University
of Medical Science Ayatollah Dastgheib Hospital, Shiraz, Iran;
11
Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College &General Hospital
Sion, Mumbai; 12St. Johns Medical College & Hospital,
Karnataka, India; 13Childrens Hospital Los Angeles CHLA, Los
Angeles, USA; 14All India Institute of Medical Sciences
Department of Haematology, New Delhi; 15Sahyadri Speciality
Hospital, Pune; 16Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University,
Karnataka, India; 17Hospital de Especialidades UMAE Istituto
Mexicano del Seguro Social IMSS, Monterrey, Mexico; 18Kinf
Faisal Specilist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi
Arabia; 19Department of Clinical Epidemiology and the
Department of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, University Medical
Center, Leiden, Netherlands
Background: The development of neutralising antibodies (inhibitors)
to FVIII is a serious complication of haemophilia treatment. The risk
is very high in the early phase of treatment (~25%), and declines sharply afterwards (~0.5% per year). It is unclear when patients can be
considered to have overcome the early high-risk phase, which is important for the design of trials of new coagulation products.
Aims: To correlate inhibitor development with the duration of treatment in previously untreated patients (PUPs) with severe hemophilia
A.
Methods: SIPPET is an ongoing randomized trial contrasting two classes of FVIII concentrates produced from human plasma or by recombinant DNA technologies, in previously untreated or minimally
treated (<5 EDs) children with severe haemophilia, who are 1:1 randomized to one of the two classes of concentrates. Patients are followed up until inhibitor development or until 50 EDs or 3 years from
enrolment, whichever occurs first. Total sample size is 300. The current
analysis was performed at the time of the planned interim analysis,
after 204 patients had been randomized. An outcome event is defined
as an inhibitor level 0.4 BU mL1. High responding inhibitor are
defined by peak levels >5 BU mL1. Positive inhibitor tests had to be
confirmed twice centrally. Analyses included time-to-event life-table
analysis and cross tabulation. All results presented here are for the two
treatment arms combined.
Results: Two hundred and four patients were included, aged 0
72 months (median 20 months), from 13 centres in four continents,
followed for a mean of 26 ED.54 patients developed an inhibitor, of
322
ABSTRACTS
which 32 were high-titred. Cumulative incidence of all inhibitors was

32%. Inhibitors developed at a mean of 9.5 ED. All inhibitors developed before 38 ED, and over 90% before 20 ED. All high-titre inhibitors had developed by 20 ED.
Conclusion: Results from this randomised and prospective study show
that neutralising antibodies in previously untreated patients with
severe haemophilia A develop before 2040 exposure days.
Disclosure of Interest: F. Peyvandi Grant/Research Support from: Alexion, Bayer, Biotest, Kedrion Biopharma and Novo Nordisk, Consultant for: Grifols, Kedrion Biopharma, LFB and Octapharma,
Speaker Bureau of: Alexion, Baxter, Bayer, Biotest, CSL Behring,
Grifols and Novo Nordisk, P. M. Mannucci Speaker Bureau of: Bayer, Grifols, Kedrion Biopharma and Novo Nordisk, I. Garagiola:
None declared, M. Boscolo Anzoletti: None declared, A. El-Beshlawy:
None declared, M. El-Alfy: None declared, V. Ramanan Madatha:
None declared, P. Eshghi: None declared, R. Varadarajan: None
declared, S. Hanagavadi: None declared, M. Karimi: None declared,
M. V. Manglani: None declared, C. Ross: None declared, G. Young:
None declared, T. Seth: None declared, S. Apte: None declared, D.
Nayak: None declared, E. Santagostino: None declared, E. Mancuso:
None declared, A. C. Sandoval Gonzalez: None declared, M. T. Owaidah: None declared, F. Rosendaal: None declared.
PO165-MON
Using HPSEC to quantify the effect of gammacarboxylation on divalent metal-induced compaction
of vkd-proteins and biological function
Vanderslice N1, Messer AS2, Vadivel K2, Paul Bajaj S2, Phillips M3,
Fatemi M1, Xu W1 and Velander WH1
1
Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska,
Lincoln; 2Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Molecular
Biology Institute; 3Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry,
UCLA, Los Angeles, USA
Background: Factor IX (FIX) and Prothrombin are members of the
vitamin K dependent (VKD) family of glycoproteins which have a
conserved c-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla) domain that contains four
Ca2+, three Mg2+, and one interchangeable divalent-metal binding
sites.
Aims: This study provides a quantitative solution phase perspective to
the metal dependent conformational attributes of the VKD holoprotein. In contrast to previous studies using protein fragments, this study
quantifies the compaction of Factor IX (FIX) and Prothrombin holoprotein by Ca2+ and Mg2+.
Methods: High pressure size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) was
used to separate high and low Gla content recombinant (r-) FIX. Analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC) was used to calibrate HPSEC size
change measurement and compared to predictions of size changes
made by molecular modeling of X-ray crystallography data on VKD
protein fragments.
Results: We observed a stark compaction of FIX and FII associated
with Ca2+ and Mg2+ binding. The compaction induced by Ca2+ at
physiological levels was equivalent to a change in the radius of hydration by AUC. The 56% compaction in the radius of gyration with
sensitivity of ~0.01 nm between metal free and physiological levels of
Ca2+ was equivalent to the predicted molecular modeling. In fully carboxylated FIX, compaction induced by physiologic levels of Ca2+
alone is greater than for Mg2+ alone. The presence of both divalent
metals provided an additive or greater increase in compaction. Much
less compaction was observed in low Gla r-FIX than in any other
higher Gla FIX species. This compaction enables the separation of rFIX species with high and low biological activity using HPSEC. FII
exhibited similar divalent metal dependent compaction phenomena.
Conclusion: The divalent metal-induced holoprotein compaction phenomenon observed here primarily arises from conformational changes
in the core Gla domain associated with VKD protein biological activity.
Disclosure of Interest: N. Vanderslice: None declared, A. Messer: None
declared, K. Vadivel: None declared, S. P. Bajaj: None declared, M.
Phillips: None declared, M. Fatemi: None declared, W. Xu: None
declared, W. Velander Shareholder of: ProGenetics, LLC.
PO166-MON
Increased immunogenicity of factor IX administered
subcutaneously versus intravenously demonstrated in
hemophilia B mice expressing a human major
histocompatibility complex II haplotype
Abajas Y1,2, Sun J1, Hu G1 and Monahan P1,2
1
Gene Therapy Center; 2Pediatrics Hematology/Oncology,
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA
Background: Although clinically challenging, factor IX inhibitors arise
rarely in severe hemophilia B, which complicates the effort to study
their pathogenesis and treatment.
Aims: To examine the association between inhibitor formation and the
context of exposure to FIX.
Methods: Factor IX knockout (FIX/) mice engineered to express the
common human MHC II DR B1*1501 allele instead of mouse MHC
II (n = 1011/group) were administered FIX weekly via one of three
routes: subcutaneous (SC), intravenous (IV via tail vein), or via the
retro-orbital venous plexus (RO) at a dose of 200 IU kg1 for 9 doses.
FIX Bethesda inhibitor antibody was assessed at weeks 2, 4, 6, 8, and
12. At week 12, all the mice were sacrificed and evaluated for FIX
binding immunoglobulins (IgG1 subclass).
Results: Totally 100% of mice that received weekly SC FIX replacement developed high titer FIX inhibitors by week 46 (>5 Bethesda
inhibitor units, BU). These inhibitors persisted through week 12 with a
mean titer of 25 BU mL1 (range 845 BU mL1). In contrast, weekly
FIX replacement IV led to the development of low titer inhibitors
(mean of positive values = 1.5 BU mL1, range 0.51.9 BU mL1);
38% developed inhibitors by week 4 and 75% by week 12. Twelve
weekly RO exposures led to inhibitors in only 44% of the mice, all of
which were near or below the lower level of sensitivity of the assay
(mean of positives = 0.6 BU mL1, range 0.40.8 BU mL1).
Mice treated with SC FIX had a mean FIX-binding IgG1 level of 718
mcg mL1 (range 502170 mcg mL1), while the mice treated via the
IV or RO route had a mean IgG1 level of 2 mcg mL1 and 0.05
mcg mL1, respectively.
Conclusion: Examined in mice humanized with respect to their MHC
II haplotype, SC delivery of FIX clotting factor replacement is
strongly immunogenic when compared to IV delivery, as shown by the
generation of high titer inhibitors and FIX binding immunoglobulins.
The observed timing of inhibitor development suggests that 34 weeks
of the SC FIX exposure will be informative for examining pro-inflammatory signaling.
PO167-MON
Pharmacokinetic (PK) and clinical data support for
effectiveness of once-weekly recombinant coagulation
factor IX (RFIX) dosing for prophylaxis in patients with
moderately severe or severe hemophilia B
Korth-Bradley J, Smith L, Fuiman J and Rendo P
Pfizer, Collegeville, USA
Background: Two studies showed that rFIX (nonacog alfa) administered 100 IU kg1 once per week is effective as prophylaxis against
ABSTRACTS
bleeding episodes in patients (pts) with moderately severe/severe
hemophilia B (FIX activity [FIX:C] 2 IU dL1). Powell et al (NEJM
2013) reported that the half-life of FIX:C after rFIX administration
was longer (33 h) than previously reported (18 h) when sampling
duration continued to 96 h postdose.
Aims: Assess presence and impact of residual FIX:C late in the dosing
interval during weekly prophylaxis dosing.
Methods: All available FIX:C data collected in 71 pts participating in
both studies (NCT00364182, NCT01335061) were pooled and samples
collected ~1 week (144192 h) after a previous dose were assessed.
Annualized bleed rate (ABR) was calculated per pt for each regimen.
A post hoc survival curve analysis was performed using the Kaplan
Meier method comparing 100 IU kg1 once per week and 50 IU kg1
twice per week. Prophylaxis data were pooled by regimen. Failure was
defined as 2 spontaneous joint bleeds during prophylaxis. If a second
spontaneous bleeding episode occurred, date of this episode was used;
otherwise, the pt was considered censored on date of the end of that
regimen treatment period. Prophylaxis periods were 4 months (first
study) and 12 months (second study).
Results: of 47 samples available, 30 showed FIX:C > 2 IU dL1 (median 4.0 IU dL1; min-max 2.0-11.4 IU dL1); consistent with a halflife of 33 h. Median ABR in 67 evaluable pts in the 100 IU kg1 once/
week regimen was 1. Survival curve analysis of time from start of regimen until second spontaneous joint bleed showed no significant difference between regimens (P = 0.42).
Conclusion: Residual FIX:C ~ 1 week post dose support effectiveness
of once-weekly prophylaxis rFIX in moderately severe/severe hemophilia B pts and that the half-life of rFIX is longer than previously
reported.
Disclosure of Interest: J. Korth-Bradley Employee of: Pfizer, L. Smith
Employee of: Pfizer, J. Fuiman Employee of: Pfizer, P. Rendo
Employee of: Pfizer.
PO168-MON
Evaluation of host cell protein immunogenicity of a
polished recombinant factor IX investigational product,
IB1001 in previously treated patients with hemophilia
B
Drobic B1, Hua Y1, Babinchak T2, Gomperts E3 and Hall C1
1
Clinical Research, Emergent BioSolutions, Winnipeg, Canada;
2
Medical Affairs, Emergent BioSolutions, Philadelphia; 3Edward
Gomperts Consultants Inc., Montrose, USA
Background: IB1001 (trenonacog alfa) is a recombinant factor IX
manufactured using Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells intended for
management of hemophilia B. During clinical development, residual
CHO protein (CHOP) antibody development (seroconversion) was
detected in 31% (23/77) of clinical trial subjects. There were no adverse
events associated with seroconversions or impact on efficacy in the
subjects who seroconverted. An additional chromatographic step
designed to further remove CHOPs was implemented and validated
for manufacturing IB1001 (polished IB1001). Ongoing clinical trial
subjects who provided informed consent were transitioned to polished
IB1001.
Aims: To assess CHOP immunogenicity potential of polished IB1001
in clinical trial subjects with hemophilia B.
Methods: Ongoing subjects [adult, adolescent and pediatric previously
treated patients with severe or moderately severe hemophilia B (factor
IX activity 2 U dL1)] from two clinical trials (n = 22) were transitioned to polished IB1001 and tested for anti-CHOP at 5 exposure
days (ED), 1 month, 3 months and every 3 months thereafter, after
receiving polished IB1001. Twenty one subjects received polished
IB1001 as prophylaxis (54 16 IU kg1, twice weekly) and one subject on-demand (30 3 IU kg1).
323
Results: All subjects who were negative for anti-CHOP (n = 14) or

indeterminate (non-specific assay binding; n = 1) prior to transition
to polished IB1001 remained negative/indeterminate after 3 months
or 6 months (n = 13 negative, n = 1 indeterminate) of polished
IB1001 treatment. Subjects, who were positive for anti-CHOP prior
to transition to polished IB1001 (n = 7), displayed decreasing antibody titers at 3 months (7/7) or 6 months (4/4) of polished IB1001
treatment.
Conclusion: Polished IB1001 immunogenicity is reduced as demonstrated by absence of new seroconversions and decrease in anti-CHOP
antibody titers in subjects who had previously seroconverted with former IB1001.
Disclosure of Interest: B. Drobic: None declared, Y. Hua: None
declared, T. Babinchak: None declared, E. Gomperts Consultant for:
Emergent BioSolutions, C. Hall: None declared.
PO169-MON
Factor IX immunogenicity in hemophilia B patients on
replacement therapy with a recombinant factor IX
investigational product (IB1001)
Drobic B1, Hua Y1, Babinchak T2, Gomperts E3 and Hall C1
1
Clinical Research, Emergent BioSolutions, Winnipeg, Canada;
2
Medical Affairs, Emergent BioSolutions, Philadelphia; 3Edward
Gomperts Consultants Inc., Montrose, USA
Background: IB1001 (trenonacog alfa) is a recombinant factor IX
manufactured using Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells intended for
management of hemophilia B. During clinical development of IB1001,
formation of binding antibodies (inhibitory and non-inhibitory) to factor IX (FIX) was monitored over time in previously treated patients
with hemophilia B who received IB1001.
Aims: To monitor development of inhibitory and non-inhibitory antiFIX antibodies in previously treated patients with hemophilia B who
received IB1001.
Methods: Adult, adolescent and pediatric previously treated patients
with severe or moderately severe hemophilia B (factor IX activity 2 U
dL1) from two clinical trials (n = 74) were monitored for development of inhibitory anti-FIX antibodies (inhibitors) and non-inhibitory
anti-FIX antibodies. Sixty five subjects received IB1001 as prophylaxis
(54 15 IU kg1, twice weekly) and 9 subjects received IB1001 ondemand (53 18 IU kg1). Eight subjects had <50 exposure days
(EDs), 59 had 50 EDs, while 49 reached 100 EDs. A subset of subjects
(n = 24) received polished IB1001 (manufactured with a modified process to reduce host cell proteins). Twenty two subjects received polished IB1001 as prophylaxis (54 16 IU kg1, twice weekly) and 2
subjects on-demand (34 8 IU kg1); 13 subjects had <50 EDs and
11 subjects reached 50 EDs.
Results: Inhibitors were not detected in any of the 74 subjects at any
time-point. Non-inhibitory anti-FIX antibodies were detected in 21/74
(28%) subjects. This antibody response was sporadic in all but three
subjects and was not linked to any adverse events or lack of efficacy in
any subject. Two (8%) subjects on polished IB1001 also displayed a
non-inhibitory anti-factor IX sporadic response with no link to
adverse events or lack of efficacy.
Conclusion: Hemophilia B subjects with long-term exposure to
IB1001 did not develop inhibitors. Some subjects developed sporadic non-inhibitory factor IX antibodies with no clinical significance.
Disclosure of Interest: B. Drobic: None declared, Y. Hua: None
declared, T. Babinchak: None declared, E. Gomperts Consultant for:
Emergent BioSolutions, C. Hall: None declared.
324
ABSTRACTS
PO170-MON
Indirect comparisons of factor consumption, bleeding
rates, and infusion frequencies during routine
prophylaxis with recombinant factor VIII FC fusion
protein and other recombinant factor VIII products
Iorio A1, Krishnan S2, Myr
en K-J3, Lethagen S3,4, McCormick N5
5
and Karner P
1
McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; 2Biogen Idec,
Cambridge, USA; 3Sobi, Stockholm, Sweden; 4University of
Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; 5Analysis Group, Boston,
USA
Background: There is a need to understand new long-acting recombinant factor VIII (rFVIII) treatments in the context of bleeding efficacy, infusion burden, and factor consumption (FC) during
prophylaxis in patients with hemophilia A.
Aims: We indirectly compared published clinical study results of
annualized bleed rates (ABRs), FC, and infusion frequencies with
rFVIII Fc fusion protein (rFVIIIFc) and conventional rFVIII products.
Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted to identify
clinical studies of routine prophylaxis with rFVIII in previously
treated adults and adolescents with severe hemophilia A for comparison with rFVIIIFc (Mahlangu 2014, individualized arm, 1.42.4
infusions/week). Weekly FC, mean ABRs, and the number of
weekly infusions were compared using simple differences between
rFVIIIFc and other identified rFVIII products. Statistical comparisons could be conducted for studies reporting mean FC (alternatively, we conducted descriptive comparisons based on median FC
reported or estimated from dose per infusion). Unreported standard
deviations (SDs) of FC were estimated from the ratio of the SD to
the mean in Mahlangu 2014.
Results: Six studies met the inclusion criteria (24 infusions/week): 3
reported mean FC; comparisons for other studies were based on median FC. Mean weekly FC with rFVIIIFc (85.4 IU kg1) was lower vs.
2 rFVIII studies (Tiede 2014, =21.8 IU kg1 [20%, P < 0.001]; Pollmann 2007, =15.5 IU kg1 [15%, P = 0.137]) and higher vs. Lentz
2013, =14.3 IU kg1 (20%, P < 0.001). Median weekly FC was
lower with rFVIIIFc in all comparisons (=12.729.8 IU kg1 [14
27%]). Mean ABR with rFVIIIFc was significantly lower vs. Tarantino 2004, Pollmann 2007, and Lentz 2013 (ABR=3.13.6, P < 0.001)
and comparable vs. other rFVIII studies.
Conclusion: Indirect comparisons of clinical study results suggest that
prophylaxis with rFVIIIFc may result in reduced FC with similar or
improved bleeding rates and fewer infusions compared with other
rFVIII products.
Disclosure of Interest: A. Iorio Consultant for: Biogen Idec, Employee
of: McMaster University, S. Krishnan Shareholder of: Biogen Idec,
Employee of: Biogen Idec, K.-J. Myren Employee of: Sobi, S. Lethagen Shareholder of: Sobi, Employee of: Sobi, University of Copenhagen, N. McCormick Consultant for: Biogen Idec, Employee of:
Analysis Group, P. Karner Consultant for: Biogen Idec, Employee of:
Analysis Group.
PO171-MON
Indirect comparisons of factor consumption, bleeding
rates, and infusion frequencies during routine
prophylaxis with recombinant factor IX FC fusion
protein and other recombinant factor IX products
Iorio A1, Krishnan S2, Myr
en K-J3, Lethagen S3,4, McCormick N5
and Karner P5
1
McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; 2Biogen Idec,
Cambridge, USA; 3Sobi, Stockholm, Sweden; 4University of
Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; 5Analysis Group, Boston,
USA
Background: For patients with hemophilia B, prophylactic therapy
with conventional factor IX (FIX) products requires 23 infusions/
week, placing a burden on patients that may lead to poor adherence
and suboptimal outcomes. There is a need to understand new long-acting recombinant FIX (rFIX) treatments in the context of bleeding efficacy, infusion burden, and factor consumption (FC) during
prophylaxis.
Aims: In the absence of head-to-head comparisons, FC, annualized
bleed rates (ABRs), and infusion frequencies during routine prophylaxis with recombinant FIX Fc fusion protein (rFIXFc) and conventional rFIX products were indirectly compared based on reported
clinical study results.
Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted to identify clinical studies of routine prophylaxis with rFIX in previously treated
adults and adolescents with severe hemophilia B for comparison with
rFIXFc (Powell 2013, weekly prophylaxis). Weekly FC, mean ABR,
and the number of weekly infusions were compared using simple differences between rFIXFc and conventional rFIX products from identified studies. FC comparisons were based on the mean, reported or
estimated from the dose per infusion. Unreported standard deviations
(SD) of FC were estimated from the ratio of the SD to mean in Powell
2013.
Results: Three studies met the inclusion criteria (1 to >3 infusions/
week). Mean weekly FC with rFIXFc (46.3 IU kg1) was significantly
lower vs. rFIX based on Roth 2001, Lambert 2007, and Windyga 2014
(difference=42.874.5 IU kg1, [4862%], P < 0.001]). The mean ABR
for rFIXFc of 3.1 was numerically lower vs. rFIX based on comparisons with Roth 2001, Lambert 2007, and Windyga 2014, but the differences (0.02.4 bleeds/year) were not statistically significant.
Conclusion: Based on indirect comparisons of clinical study results,
once weekly infusions with rFIXFc may be associated with significantly lower FC and similar bleeding rates compared with more frequently-infused rFIX products.
Disclosure of Interest: A. Iorio Consultant for: Biogen Idec, Employee
of: McMaster University, S. Krishnan Shareholder of: Biogen Idec,
Employee of: Biogen Idec, K.-J. Myren Employee of: Sobi, S. Lethagen Shareholder of: Sobi, Employee of: Sobi, University of Copenhagen, N. McCormick Consultant for: Biogen Idec, Employee of:
Analysis Group, P. Karner Consultant for: Biogen Idec, Employee of:
Analysis Group.
PO172-MON
Safety and efficacy of a novel AAV vector for treatment
of hemophilia B
Anguela X1,2, Toso R2, Couto LB2, Chen Y2, Hui D2, DiPietro M2,
Lee B1, Qu G2, Hauck B2, Corbau R1,2, Wright F2 and High KA2
1
The Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia; 2Spark Therapeutics,
Inc, Philadelphia, USA
Background: Liver-targeted delivery of AAV2/8 vectors encoding
human factor IX (hFIX) has achieved recent clinical success for the
treatment of hemophilia B (HB). However, significant challenges
ABSTRACTS
remain. While the clinical improvement in patients who achieved stable hFIX levels of around 5% of normal is indisputable, risk for excessive hemorrhage after trauma or surgery would be significantly
reduced if stable levels were closer to 50%. Also, at least 50% of
patients are not eligible for AAV8 treatment due to the presence of
neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) that will block hepatocyte transduction.
Aims: The goal of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of
a novel bioengineered capsid (AAV-Spark100) containing the high
specific activity hFIX-Padua variant.
Methods: FIX antigen and activity were monitored in non-human primates. NAb prevalence was measured in serum from HB patients.
Results: NAb prevalence against several AAV capsids was screened in
~60 patient sera. The % of samples with a NAb titer <1:1 was 58.9%
for AAV-Spark100 vs. 45.3% for AAV8, indicating that ~10% more
patients could potentially be treated with this novel capsid. Studies in
non-human primates comparing the potency of AAV8 and AAVSpark100 showed comparable hepatic expression of hFIX, as well as
similar biodistribution profiles. Using AAV-Spark100 expressing the
hFIX-Padua transgene at a dose of 1 9 1012g kg1, stable hFIX activity levels of up to ~35% of normal were achieved 3 months after treatment. There was no evidence of thrombosis in any animals, even those
injected with a five fold higher dose and expressing as much as 350%
normal hFIX activity, suggesting that this novel vector does not pose
significant thrombogenicity risks. No vector-related changes in the
hematology or clinical chemistry parameters were observed. Histopathological analysis revealed no gross or microscopic findings and no
evidence of thrombosis.
Conclusion: Results from this study support the safety and efficacy of
AAV-Spark100-hFIX-Padua hepatic gene transfer.
PO173-MON
Comparison of fix activity of select novel recombinant
fix replacement products in commonly used fda
approved one-stage clot assay systems
Robinson MM, Tiefenbacher S, Ross EL, Williams PT,
Cogswell CE, Wham TL and Adcock DM
Colorado Coagulation, Laboratory Corporation of America
Holdings, Englewood, USA
Background: Reagent dependent recoveries for novel rFIX replacement products have been described for FIX one-stage (OS) clotting
assays.
Aims: A side by side comparison of select novel rFIX replacement
products was performed utilizing the most common FDA-approved,
OS FIX assay systems employed in the U.S. The percent recoveries of
three novel rFIX products were compared to BeneFIX (Wyeth Pharmaceuticals Inc).
Methods: FIX OS activity was determined for each product (based on
labeled potency) at 80, 30, 15, 5 and 1% activity spiked into hemophilia B plasma (HRF, Inc.). Samples were tested in triplicate following manufacturer recommended protocols, calibration and QC, on
three separate occasions, in four FDA approved assay systems: STAR Evolution using PTT A and C.K. Prest (Diagnostica Stago Inc.),
BCS XP using Dade Actin FSL (Siemens Healthcare) and ACL
TOP using HemosIL SynthASil (Instrumentation Laboratory).
Recoveries were also assessed by chromogenic (CS) assay on the STAR Evolution using BIOPHEN Factor IX.
Results: With the exception of the BCS XP, all FIX OS assay systems
showed some degree of non-linearity (i.e. increasing recovery with
decreasing product concentration). Only two of the FIX products
(ALPROLIX and BeneFIX), recovered within 25% in at least one
of the FIX OS assay systems, across all concentrations tested. Recoveries for individual products across the four FIX OS assay systems
325
were highly variable. In the FIX CS assay, recoveries between rFIX

products were less variable, with all novel rFIX products recovering
within 20% at the 80% concentration and N9-GP recovering within
20% across all concentrations tested.
Conclusion: Factor recovery for individual FIX products (including
BeneFIX) was highly assay system dependent, with only one of the
three novel rFIX replacement products recovering within 25% in
one of the FIX OS systems. Clinical laboratories need to be aware of
the reagent dependent recovery of rFIX products.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Robinson: None declared, S. Tiefenbacher
Consultant for: Novo Nordisk, E. Ross: None declared, P. Williams:
None declared, C. Cogswell: None declared, T. Wham: None declared,
D. Adcock Consultant for: Novo Nordisk.
PO174-MON
Moyamoya syndrome in a hemophilia A patient with a
high-titre FVIII inhibitor
Hassenpflug WA1, Schrum J1, Albisetti M2, Khan N3 and
Schneppenheim R1
1
Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center
Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; 2Division of
Hematology; 3Moyamoya Center, University Children s Hospital,
Zurich, Switzerland
Background: The development of alloantibodies against factor VIII is
considered the most significant complication in patients with hemophilia A as it is associated with severe bleeding complications. The
majority of inhibitors develop at a young age that is not prone to
thromboembolic events in general. We present the unique case of a
2 years old boy with severe hemophilia A who developed an inhibitor
against factor VIII and experienced 3 strokes between 17 and
24 months of age.
Aims: We aimed to elucidate the mechanism of recurrent strokes in
our hemophilia A patient.
Methods: We carefully analysed thrombophilic risk factors and performed extensive neurovascular imaging. In addition we analysed the
FVIII gene in detail using Sanger sequencing and MLPA.
Results: Analysis of the patients data for stroke risk factors remained
inconclusive. Inhibitor tolerance induction treatment (ITI) used high
doses of FVIII/VWF concentrates according to the Bonn protocol.
One stroke ocurred during treatment with bypassing agents. Despite
careful dosing of bypassing agents and inhibition of platelet function
using salicylic acid 2 additional strokes occurred after one and
6 months, respectively.
Neurovascular imaging showed high-grade stenosis of both carotid
arteries at the T-junction and reduced vessel calibres of additional
medium size cerebral arteries resembling moyamoya-syndrome.
Genetic analysis revealed a complex intron 22-inversion with deletion
of the BRCC3 gene. Loss of BRCC3 is a known cause of Moyamoya
syndrome.
Conclusion: Complex rearrangments of intron 22 in the FVIII gene can
lead to a novel syndrome with association of hemophilia A and Moyamoya syndrome. The treatment of patients with this syndrome can be
extremly challenging. In our case conventional ITI failed. Neither
careful dosing of bypassing agents nor inhibition of platelet function
prevented additional cerebral insults. Despite a high risk for bleeding
complications, a surgical intervention might be necessary to prevent
further strokes.
326
ABSTRACTS
PO175-MON
Optimizing procoagulant activity for mutant
recombinant factor IX with resistance to heparin- and
antithrombin
Sheehan JP and Westmark PR
Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA
Background: Antithrombin (AT) is the primary plasma inhibitor of
FIXa and markedly accelerated by heparin. Mutations in the heparin(K126A or K132A) and AT-binding (R150A) exosites of FIXa selectively disrupt these interactions. FIX(a) K126A/R150A and K132A/
R150A demonstrate preserved plasma thrombin generation, reduced
AT-heparin inhibition, and prolonged in vitro plasma half-life.
Aims: The aim of these studies was to assess the impact of the R170A
mutation on pro-coagulant functions of FIX K126A/R150A and
K132A/R150A.
Methods: Human FIX cDNA constructs with alanine substitutions
(chymotrypsinogen #) in the heparin- (K126A, K132A, R170A) and
AT-binding (R150A) exosites were stably transfected into HEK293
cells and proteins purified from conditioned media. Proteins were
characterized in APTT-based coagulant and tissue factor or FIXa-initiated plasma thrombin generation assays (TGA).
Results: For APTT-based coagulant activity in FIX deficient plasma,
% clotting activities for FIXa (normalized to WT) were: FIX R170A
(659 32), R150A/R170A (520 14), K132A/R170A (359 24),
K126A/R170A (331 15), R126A/R150A/R170A (166 8), WT
(104 9), pFIXa (106 7), R150A (62 4), and R132A/R150A/
R170A (17 2). Coagulant activity for the zymogens demonstrated a
similar trend. For the FIXa-initiated TGA, % peak thrombin values
(normalized to WT) were: R150A/R170A (322 24), R170A
(298 27), K126A/R170A (189 17), K132A/R170A (140 20),
R126A/R150A/R170A
(134 9),
WT
(100 13),
pFIXa
(88.9 20), and K132A/R150A/R170A (1.6 0.9). Peak thrombin
values for the zymogens followed a similar trend.
Conclusion: The R170A mutation enhanced plasma coagulant activity
and TGA for FIX K126A/R150A. In contrast, addition of R170A to
FIX K132A/R150A significantly reduced plasma coagulant activity
and dramatically disrupted plasma TG. Optimization of pro-coagulant
activity for FIX proteins with reduced AT- and heparin inhibition
should enhance therapeutic efficacy in hemophilia B.
Disseminated intravascular
coagulation
PO176-MON
To evaluate the utility of ISTH scoring system, aptt and
schistocytes as markers of severity in cases of
disseminated intravascular coagulation
Kelkar AJ, Nisal AR, Shelke PD and Nimbargi RC
Pathology, Bharati Vidyapeeth University Medical College and
Hospital, Pune, India
Background: Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) is an
acquired disorder with intravascular activation of coagulation, excessive thrombin formation, fibrin deposition in microcirculation and
consequent ischemic organ damage. The ISTH scoring system provides a quantitative indicator of severity and prognosis while aPTT,
detection of Schistocytes form important part of laboratory investigations.
Aims: To evaluate the utility of ISTH DIC scoring system, aPTT and
Schistocytes as markers of severity in cases of DIC.
Methods: Eighty-seven cases of clinically suspected DIC were studied
over a period of 18 months. Complete blood counts with study of
peripheral blood smear for presence of Schistocytes, Platelet count,

PT, aPTT, D-dimer, Plasma Fibrinogen were analysed. Impact of
ISTH DIC scores, derangement of aPTT values and presence of Schistocytes on patient outcome was studied. Chi square and Fishers exact
tests were used for analysis of the data.
Results: There was a significant association of ISTH score with outcome of the patients (P <0.05). 58 (66.7%) patients had ISTH DIC
score of 5 suggestive of non-overt DIC and 29 (33.3%) patients had a
score of 5 consistent with overt DIC. A high score 5 was associated
with a poor outcome in 13 patients (45%). Low DIC score was associated with increased chances of survival (P 0.001). Raised aPTT and
presence of Schistocytes showed a significant association with a high
ISTH score. 19 (21.8%) patients showed presence of schistocytes; out
of which 17 patients had DIC score 5 hence statistically significant (P
0.001). The aPTT values were deranged in 58 patients. Out of these, 26
patients were of overt DIC making it statistically significant (P 0.008).
Conclusion: ISTH DIC scoring criteria help to quantify severity of
DIC. Derangement of aPTT value and presence of Schistocytes corelate with the ISTH DIC score and are also useful predictors of severity.
PO177-MON
Role of plasma high mobility group box 1 in
disseminated intravascular coagulation with leukemia
Wang M, Mei H, Kou H, Deng J and Hu Y
Department of hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical
College, Huazhong University Of Science And Technology,
Wuhan, China
Background: High mobility group box 1(HMGB1) is a DNA-binding
protein acting as a proinflammatory cytokine when released by necrotic cells, monocytes or macrophages. It also plays a role in the coagulation activation and several tumors including leukemia. DIC with
leukemia is treated as a special branch and has less targeted molecular
markers for its early diagnosis.
Aims: The objective of this study was to investigate the role of
HMGB1 in the diagnosis of DIC with leukemia.
Methods: Eighty nine blood samples from leukemia patients in Wuhan
Union Hospital were prospectively included in the study. Among
them, 83 cases were suspected of DIC, while the other 6 were the negative controls. Their clinical data, laboratory tests and plasma samples
were collected or measured respectively. Accordingly, we made scores
for these patients by Chinese DIC Scoring System (CDSS).
Results: In this study, we found that in leukemia patients, levels of
plasma HMGB1 were higher in the DIC group than non-DIC
(121.13 ng mL1 vs. 60.30 ng mL1, P = 0.001). And along with
the increase of DIC score, the levels of HMGB1 increased gradually
(P<0.01). The sensitivity of HMGB1 for DIC diagnosis was high
(Se=93.33%), and there was a tendency of increased HMGB1 levels in
pre-DIC. Finally, the HMGB1 levels declined slowly during the recovery stage, and HMGB1 levels were not significantly different between
28-day survivors and non survivors.
Conclusion: The increased levels of plasma HMGB1 were related
tightly to the diagnosis and severity of DIC in leukemia patients. Furthermore, the increased HMGB1 levels may help for the early diagnosis of DIC. Therefore, HMGB1 is a potential targeted molecular
marker for the diagnosis of DIC with leukemia.
ABSTRACTS
PO178-MON
Role of activated protein c and soluble fibrin in the
early phase of trauma with disseminated intravascular
coagulation: comparison with acute coagulopathy of
trauma-shock
Gando S, Sawamura A, Hayakawa M, Wada T, Yanagida Y,
Miyamoto D, Maekawa K, Ono Y, Mizugaki A and Jesmin S
Hokkaido University School Of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
Background: Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is characterized by insufficient anticoagulation mechanism-induced thrombin
generation not localized to the injured sites.
Aims: We hypothesized that activated protein C does not increase in
DIC after trauma, which leads to systemic thrombin generation followed by a poor outcome and that the same is true in acute coagulopathy of trauma-shock (ACOTS).
Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study of 57 trauma
patients subdivided into 30 with DIC and 27 without DIC based on
the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine criteria. Patients with
ACOTS, defined as a prothrombin time ratio > 1.2, were also evaluated. Twelve healthy volunteers served as controls. The levels of
activated protein C and soluble fibrin were measured on days 1, 3,
and 5 after admission. The outcome measures were organ dysfunction by a Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score and the 28-day
mortality.
Results: On day 1, normal to decreased activated protein C and
increased soluble fibrin were observed in patients with DIC to a
greater degree than in the controls and non-DIC patients. These
changes were more significant in those who simultaneously met the
International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis overt DIC criteria and were associated with poorer outcome. Regression analyses
with multiple and logistic methods showed the DIC scores and soluble
fibrin levels on day 1 to be independent predictors of organ dysfunction and death in the DIC patients. The changes in the measured variables in ACOTS patients coincided with those in DIC patients.
Conclusion: Normal to decreased activated protein C is considered to
play role in systemic thrombin generation at an early phase of trauma,
which is associated with a worse outcome of DIC patients. The same is
true in patients with ACOTS, and no shutoff of thrombin generation
was observed.
PO179-MON
Evaluation of new Chinese diagnostic scoring system
for disseminated intravascular coagulation
Wang M, Mei H, Kou H, Deng J, Wang H and Hu Y
Department of hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical
College, Huazhong University Of Science And Technology,
Wuhan, China
Background: DIC is complicated and no single clinical or laboratory
test has an adequate sensitivity and specificity to confirm or reject a
diagnosis of DIC. It is still a challenging work needing abundant professional experience to diagnose DIC accurately.
Aims: To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the new Chinese
DIC scoring system (CDSS) .
Methods: This study retrospectively collected the information of 619
patients (371 cases with non-hematologic malignancies, 248 cases with
hematologic malignancies) who suspected of DIC in Wuhan Union
Hospital during 2013-4 to 2014-6. We validated CDSS by comparing
with three leading scoring systems, from ISTH, JAAM and JMHW,
and evaluated its prognostic value by 28 days mortality, APACHE II
and SOFA score.
327
Results: In non-hematologic malignancies, CDSS was more specific

than JAAM (72.55% vs. 50.49%, P<0.05) and more sensitive than
ISTH (77.07% vs. 62.03%, P<0.05). In hematologic malignancies, the
area under the ROC curve of CDSS was larger than ISTH and JMHW
(0.933 vs. 0.889, P<0.01 with ISTH, 0.944 vs. 0.845, P<0.01 with
JMHW). In addition, the 28-day mortality rate, SOFA scores,
APACHE II scores of DIC patients diagnosed by CDSS were significantly greater than non-DIC (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: We are the first group to propose CDSS. It emphasized
the values of the clinical manifestations, the rapidly declining platelet
count, APTT in the diagnosis of DIC and used D-dimer as the fibrinrelated maker. DIC with hematological malignancies was treated as a
special part. In this study we can see that CDSS displayed an acceptable property for the diagnosis of DIC with appropriate sensitivity
and specificity, and also had a good prognostic value for DIC patients.
PO180-MON
A novel murine model of disseminated intravascular
coagulation (DIC) to aid the development of novel
therapeutics to treat DIC
Ali M1, Norman K2 and Philippou H3
1
Cardiovascular, University of Leeds, Leeds; 2University of
Sheffield, Sheffield; 3University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
Background: Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a complex clinical condition that results in the activation of both the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems, resulting in simultaneous thrombosis
and bleeding. Current DIC treatment regimes are unsuccessful and as
a consequence up to 10-50% of cases result in death as a consequence
of multiple organ failure.
Aims: To develop a murine disseminated intravascular coagulation
(DIC) model to aid the development of novel therapeutics to treat
DIC.
Methods: Thrombus formation was induced by the stimulation of
the cremaster muscle of C57BL/6 mice with TNF-a for 4 h followed by LPS challenge (i.v). Mice were anaesthetized by a ketamine/zylazine mixture and the trachea and the carotid artery were
cannulated. The cremaster muscle was exteriorized and prepared
for microscopic observations. LPS (100 lg) was injected via the
carotid artery and the effects on post-capillary venules were studied
every 10 min for 1 h.
Results: Clot formed in the post-capillary venules of TNF-a primed
mice within 10 min of LPS administration and peak at 30 min
(approximately 4% of total vessel occlusion). Mice receiving TNFa or LPS alone had significantly reduced levels of aggregation.
LPS resistant mice (C3H/HeJ) had reduced aggregation and no
haemorrhagic injury compared to control mice. Electron microscopy imaging suggested clots to consist mainly of leukocytes and
platelets.
Conclusion: We conclude that understanding the mechanisms of DIC
and having a murine model of DIC will aid the development of novel
therapeutics that have the potential to treat DIC in the future.
328
ABSTRACTS
PO181-MON
The presence of overt disseminated intravascular
coagulation at diagnosis of adult patients with acute
myleoid leukemia

c P
Pajic T, Zupan IP, Podgornik H, Mlakar U and Cernel
Department of Haematology, University Medical Centre
Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Background: Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) often

develops in adult acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) patients. In
adult non-APL acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients, DIC develops
rarely. There are few data about the presence of overt DIC at diagnosis in other types of AML or among different cytogenetic and molecular genetics AML prognostic subgroups.
Aims: We wanted to find out any significant difference in type of DIC
between different prognostic and age groups.
Methods: The coagulation tests, cytogenetics and molecular genetics
data were available for 105 (48 females, 57 males) out of 222 (109
females, 112 males) adult non-APL AML patients diagnosed between
January 2008 and December 2011. The median age of patients was 59,
range from 20 to 81 years. The overt DIC was assessed at diagnosis by
calculating ISTH DIC score. According the European LeukemiaNet
(ELN) standardized reporting system for genetic abnormalities,
patients were categorized into four risk groups: favorable, intermediate-I, intermediate-II, and adverse (ELN risk subgroups). Chi-square
test was carried out to compare the qualitative variables. A P value
less than 0.05 was considered to be significant.
Results: The ISTH overt DIC score was found in 33.3% (35/105) of
non-APL adult AML patients. There was no statistically significant
difference in type of DIC between ELN risk subgroups (P = 0.895).
There was no statistically significant difference in type of DIC between
patients below or under 60 years old (P = 0.300).
Conclusion: The percentage of adult non-APL AML patients with the
overt DIC at diagnosis was similar or even higher comparing with the
available data from the literature (approximately 15%). It seems that
age or ELN risk subgroups are not related with the incidence of the
overt DIC.
PO182-MON
Biomarker profile of sepsis-associated coagulopathy
using biochip assays for inflammatory cytokines
Walborn A1, Hoppensteadt D1, Syed D1, Abro S1, Mosier M2 and
Fareed J1
1
Pathology; 2Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center,
Maywood, USA
Background: Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is one of
the major pathophysiological aspects of sepsis and greatly increases
the risk of death in sepsis patients. DIC involves activation of both the
coagulation and fibrinolytic processes along with the generation of
inflammatory cytokines.
Aims: The purpose of this study was to analyze the levels of inflammatory cytokines in the plasma of patients with DIC in order to compare
with normal individuals.
Methods: Plasma samples from 36 patients with sepsis and/or suspected DIC and 48 normal individuals were included. A biochip array
to profile IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, VEGF, IFNc, TNFa, IL-1a,
IL-1b, MCP-1, and EGF was used (Randox, Antrim, UK). The results
were compared using an unpaired t test.
Results: The biochip array analysis showed an elevation of IL-6, IL-8,
IL-10, VEGF, IFNc, TNFa, IL-1b, MCP-1, and EGF in DIC patients
which was statistically significant compared to normal controls
(P < 0.005). IL-6, and IL-8 showed particularly large increases in
patients plasma relative to levels in normal levels. Correlations were

made between the percent change from the normal mean for each cytokine for each DIC sample. Spearman correlation coefficients were used
with a = 0.05 as a cutoff for significance.
Conclusion: The inflammatory biomarkers IL-1b, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10,
IFNc, VEGF, TNFa, MCP-1, and EGF showed significant elevation
in patients with DIC compared to normals. Additionally, significant
correlations were found between these particular markers and each
other as well as with other measured inflammatory markers. It is interesting to note that while numerous significant correlations were present between IL-1b, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IFNc, TNFa, MCP-1 and many
of the inflammatory cytokines measured, VEGF and EGF exhibited
much less extensive correlation, suggesting that their involvement in
DIC may be separately caused and regulated than that of the other
investigated inflammatory markers.
Endothelium / vessel wall I

PO183-MON
Hypoxia induces dysregulation of MIR-126 and affects
VEGF AND MMP-9 expression in endothelial cells
Fujii S1, Ogasawara M2 and Iwaki S2
1
Laboratory Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University,
Asahikawa; 2Pathobiology, Nagoya City University, Nagoya,
Japan
Background: miR-126 is the miRNA specially expressed in endothelial
cells and is associated with angiogenesis.
Aims: The role of miR-126 in hypoxia-inducible angiogenesis and the
potential underlying mechanism were investigated.
Methods: The expression of miR-126 was measured in EA.hy926 endothelial cell line under hypoxia (1% O2, 0-48 h) using real-time PCR.
The miR-126 was increased or decreased by transfecting miR-126mimics or inhibitors to cells. The mRNA levels of vascular endothelial
growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) were
assessed by real-time PCR.
Results: The expression of miR-126 was decreased by 40% with
hypoxia at 24 h compared with normoxic condition (n = 4, * P < 0.05
vs. 0 h). Brief exposure to hypoxia for 6 and 12 h exerted the same
effects and decrease in miR-126 was not recovered at 24 h (n = 4, *
P < 0.05 vs. control). The expression of VEGF mRNA was increased
by 5-fokd in hypoxia-induced cells (*P < 0.05 vs. 0 h, n = 4). The
expression of MMP-9 mRNA was increased by 2.5-fold in hypoxiainduced cells (*P < 0.05 vs. 0 h, n = 3). The VEGF mRNA levels were
unaffected in hypoxia-induced cells pretreated with miR-126-mimics
and increased in the cells pretreated with miR-126-inhibitors. The
MMP-9 mRNA levels were increased in hypoxia-induced cells pretreated with miR-126-mimics and unaffected in the cells pretreated
with miR-126-inhibitors.
Conclusion: miR-126 is persistently down-regulated for up to 24 h with
only a brief hypoxic condition in vitro. The effects of miR-126 on the
expression of VEGF may differ from the effects on the expression of
MMP-9, exhibiting the widely varying roles of miR-126 in hypoxiainducible neovascularization.
ABSTRACTS
PO184-MON
Antioxidant pharmacological strategies for the
prevention of endothelial dysfunction in uremia
Martin-Rodriguez S1, Vera M2, Mir E1, Rivera J3, Cruzado JM4,
Cases A2, Escolar G1 and Diaz-Ricart M1
1
Hemotherapy-hemostasis; 2Neprhology, Clinic HospitalIDIBAPS, Barcelona; 3Regional Centre of Hemodonation, Morales
Meseguer Hospital, Murcia; 4DIAVERUM Hemodialysis Institue,
Barcelona, Spain
Background: Accelerated atherosclerosis in Chronic kidney disease
(CKD) is preceded by the development of endothelial dysfunction
(ED), with the instauration of a proinflammatory and prothrombotic
phenotype and enhanced oxidative stress.
Aims: We evaluated the effect of nutraceuticals with anti-inflammatory
action and synthesized antioxidant compounds in an in vitro model of
uremia induced ED.
Methods: Endothelial cells (ECs) were pretreated with the flavonoids
apigenin, genistein and quercetin, and the antioxidant enzyme mimetics ebselen, EUK-134 and EUK-118. After 16 h, ECs were exposed to
medium containing sera from patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD,
n = 10) or from healthy donors (C, n = 15). Changes in the expression
of the adhesion receptor ICAM-1 and the production of intracellular
reactive oxygen species (ROS) were assessed by fluorescence. Activation of the inflammation-related proteins p38 MAPK and NFkB were
evaluated by ELISA and Western-blot.
Results: Exposure of ECs to uremic media resulted in a significantly
increased expression of ICAM-1, overproduction of ROS and
increased activation of NFkB and p38MAPK (P < 0.05 PD vs.. control experiments) Pretreatment with ebselen, EUK 134, and EUK118
inhibited ICAM-1 expression and ROS generation generated by uremic conditions (P < 0.01 vs. PD). In relation to flavonoids, only quercetin showed a moderated but significant inhibitory effect on both
parameters (P < 0.05 vs. PD). All the compounds assayed reduced
p38MAPK uremia-induced activation (P < 0.05 vs. PD). Only the
antioxidant-enzyme mimetics were able to inhibit the activation of
NFkB produced by the uremic media. (P < 0.05 vs. PD).
Conclusion: These results indicate that the antioxidant enzyme mimetics exhibit not only antioxidant but also anti-inflammatory effects on
the endothelium. Therefore, reduction of oxidative stress may be an
efficient strategy in the prevention of ED in uremia.
Study partially supported by grants: SAF2011-28214, RETIC/
FEDER-RD12/0042/0016 and FIS-PI13/00517
PO185-MON
Anti-thrombotic and pro-fibrinolytic effects of
levosimendan in human endothelial cells in vitro
Krychtiuk K1, Kaun C2, Stojkovic S1, Kastl SP1, Zuckermann A2,
Eppel W2, Maurer G1, Huber K3, Wojta J1 and Speidl WS1
1
Department of Internal Medicine II; 2Medical University of
Background: Levosimendan is an inodilator for the treatment of acute
decompensated heart failure (HF). Data from clinical studies suggest
that levosimendan is particularly effective in HF due to myocardial
infarction. After acute revascularization, no reflow-phenomenon is a
common complication that may lead to pump failure and cardiogenic
shock.
Aims: Our aim was to examine whether levosimendan interferes with
the pro-thrombotic phenotype of activated endothelial cells in vitro.
Methods: Human heart microvascular endothelial cells (HHMEC) and
human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were treated with
interleukin-1b (IL-1b) (200 U mL1) or thrombin (5 U mL1) and co-
329
treated with or without levosimendan (0.110 lM) for 224 h. Effects

on plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and tissue factor (TF)
expression and activity were measured by rt-PCR, specific ELISA and
flow cytometry.
Results: Treatment with IL-1b or thrombin significantly increased the
expression of PAI-1 and TF in endothelial cells. Co-treatment with
levosimendan strongly attenuated the effects of IL-1b and thrombin
on PAI-1 and TF mRNA by up to 50% and 45%, in a dose- and timedependent manner. Furthermore, co-treatment with levosimendan
dampened the antigen production of PAI-1 and the surface expression
of TF by 35% and 45%, respectively. Additionally, levosimendan
diminished both TF and PAI-1 activity.
Conclusion: Levosimendan down-regulates the expression of the prothrombotic and anti-fibrinolytic biomolecules TF and PAI-1 in activated human endothelial cells. Our findings may, at least in part,
explain some of the beneficial effects of levosimendan after myocardial
reperfusion.
PO186-MON
RNA-SEQ analysis of human major liver cell types
reveals differential expression profile of sinusoidal
versus other hepatic vascular endothelial cells
Shahani T1, Zarrineh P2, Covens K3, Ashtiani M4,
LavendHomme R3, Zadeh HR5, Peerlinck K3 and Jacquemin M3
1
Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical
Sciences, Zanjan; 2School of Computer Science, Institute for
Research in Fundamental Sciences IPM, Tehran, Iran; 3Department
of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular
Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; 4School of Mathematics,
Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences IPM, Tehran;
5
Department of Biotechnology and Medical Nanotechnology,
Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
Background: Besides playing role in liver physiology, sinusoidal endothelial cells (SEC) are central to many pathological processes. These
cells are characterized with their special morphology and function
driving from their unique expression profile.
Aims: Unraveling expression profile and analyzing major biological
pathways in Liver SECs comparing with those of other vascular ECs
of the Liver as well as hepatocytes can provide a better understanding
of liver physiology in health.
Methods: We have used Illumina RNA-seq to profile the transcriptome
of hepatocytes, CD31 + ECs isolated from the whole liver parenchyma and FACS-sorted SECs based on the co-expression of Tie2 and
CD32b. Libraries were prepared according to the standard Illumina
TruSeq RNA sample preparation protocol and sequenced using an
Illumina HiSeq 2000 generating 50 bp reads. TopHat/Cufflinks standard pipeline was used to align the short reads to the coding regions
and to measure gene expression.
Results: The expression profile of SECs is clearly distinguishable from
ECs of the Liver vasculature with about 1500 genes that are differentially expressed, more than 10 fold, in Tie2 + /CD32b+ versus
CD31 + ECs isolated from the whole liver parenchyma. Comparing
with hepatocytes, more than 800 genes were only expressed in Tie2 + /
CD32b+ cells while more than 2000 genes were identified to be only
expressed in hepatocytes.
Conclusion: Unlike other vascular endothelial cells, CD31 which is
widely used for isolation of all types of ECs, is expressed on LSECs at
a very low level. Therefore, using this marker for LSEC isolation
results in a pool of ECs from the Liver parenchyma including the specialized liver SECs. In this study, we confirmed liver SEC isolation by
labeling CD32b in the population of Tie2 + ECs provides a pure population of sinusoidal ECs. Besides, distinct biological pathways specific
330
ABSTRACTS
to these cells and/or to ECs isolated from the rest of the liver vasculature as well as hepatocytes are identified.
PO187-MON
Endothelial fibrinolytic response onto an evolving
matrix of fibrin
sMarchi R1, Castillo O2, Rojas H3, Dominguez Z4 and Angle
Cano E5
1
Medicina Experimental, Instituto Venezolano De Investigaciones
alisis, Universidad de
Cientficas, Caracas; 2Escuela de Bioan
Carabobo, Valencia; 3Instituto de Inmunologa; 4Instituto de
Medicina Experimental, Universidad Central de Venezuela,
Caracas, Venezuela, Bolivarian; 5UMRS 1140 Therapeutic
Innovations in Haemostasis, Fac Sciences Pharmaceutiques and
Biologiques, Paris, France
Background: Fibrin provides a temporary matrix on the site of vascular injury.
Aims: Follow fibrin formation and lysis at the surface of human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1).
Methods: Fibrin formation (at different fibrinogen concentrations) or
lysis (triggered by a supplement of tPA and plasminogen) on the surface of endothelial cells was followed by measuring changes in absorbance (350 nm). Clot structure was visualized by laser scanning
confocal microscopy (LSCM). The secretion of uPA and PAI 1 were
quantified from the supernatant of HMEC-1 monolayer in contact
with fibrin by ELISA.
Results: In the presence of cells, both the rate of fibrin formation and
final turbidity were slightly higher compared to the control without
cells. The HMEC-1 retarded significantly clot dissolution at all fibrinogen concentration tested (0.53 mg mL1). UPA secretion was
~1.3 ng mL1 in the presence of fibrin, without RGD, compared to
0.8 ng mL1 with RGD, when clots were formed on the top of
HMEC-1 (model 1). However, the opposite was found when cells were
grown on the top of fibrin (model 2): 0.6 ng mL1 without RGD vs.
1.7 ng mL1 with RGD. PAI 1 secretion was independent to the presence of fibrin/RGD (~700 ng mL1, model 1; 500 ng mL1, model 2).
Conclusion: The HMEC-1 had a subtle effect on fibrin formation but
delayed clot degradation. Thrombin had no effect on PAI 1 secretion
at 1 nM.
PO188-MON
A microfluidic vascular injury model using heatactivated endothelial cells
Sylman JL1, Artzer DT1 and Neeves KB1,2
1
Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines,
Golden; 2Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, USA
Background: Endothelial cells (EC) inhibit and promote platelet activation in a shear stress dependent manner. Activated EC can promote
platelet adhesion by secretion of VWF, exposure of thrombogenic proteins and expression of selectins. Previous studies of EC-platelet interactions use chemical activators to homogenously activate EC. In this
study, we focally activate EC using heat, creating a well-defined injury
zone of activated EC that are surrounded by EC inhibiting platelet
activation.
Aims: 1) To develop an in vitro heat-induced focal injury that can differentially activate and kill EC. 2) To characterize EC activation and
platelet accumulation following heat injury.
Methods: Human umbilical vein EC (HUVEC) were grown to confluence in microfluidic channels (100 9 1000 lm) for 4872 h. Endothel-
ialized microfluidic channels were placed on top of thermally

evaporated Cr/Au (10 nm/100 nm) electrodes and 59 V were applied
for 30 s. Whole blood was perfused over the EC monolayer for 7 min
at 150 s1 and platelet aggregate volumes were measured. P-selectin
expression, viability, and VWF release from the EC were quantified.
An infrared thermal camera and finite element model estimated the
rise in surface temperature.
Results: Microelectrodes induced peak temperature increases of 10
40 C above 37 C after applying 59 V. At a 14 C increase, there
was no EC activation or platelet accumulation. An 18 C increase lead
to P-selectin positive EC directly on top of the electrodes. Platelets
accumulated in the retracted spaces between P-selectin positive EC.
Temperatures exceeding an increase of 22 C resulted in EC death and
no platelet accumulation. Experiments with blocking antibodies suggest that platelets adhere between activated EC via GP1ba-VWF and
a6b1-laminin interactions.
Conclusion: We have developed a focal vascular injury model using
resistive heating by microelectrodes to differentially produce zones of
dead and/or activated EC. Platelet adhesion appears to be supported
by EC-derived VWF and laminin.
PO189-MON
Evidence of defibrotide internalization and its
endothelial protective effect in hepatic endothelial
in vitro model
Udaeta MPD1, Mir E1, Rovira M2, Escolar G3, Carreras E2 and
Daz-Ricart M3
1
Hemotherapy-Hemostasis Department Hospital Clinic, Josep
Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute; 2Stem Cell Trasplantation
Unit; 3Hemotherapy-Hemostasis Department, Hospital Clnic,
Barcelona, Spain
Background: At October 2013, Defibrotide (DF) received EMA authorization for its use in the treatment of severe hepatic veno-occlusive
disease, a clinic syndrome suspicious to have an endothelial dysfunction origin. As DF interferes with several steps of the coagulationinflammation cycle and has a recognized role as endothelial protective
agent it is also susceptible to be tested in other complications with an
endothelial origin. For that the uncovering of its mechanism of action
is needed.
Aims: To investigate the interaction of DF with a hepatic endothelial
cell line from human origin (SK-HEP-1) and the mechanisms involved
in its traffic.
Methods: SK-HEP-1 cells were exposed to DF (4 lg mL1), previously labelled with ULYSIS Nucleic Acid Labeling Kits, for up to
24 h. Using inhibitory assays and flow cytometry techniques along
with confocal microscopy, we have explored: 1) DF internalization,
and dose-response kinetics, and 2) different pathways of endocytosis.
Results: Flow cytometry assays revealed concentration, temperature
and time dependent up-take of DF by Sk-HEP-1 cells. Moreover,
inhibitory assays indicate that entrance of DF into endothelial cells
occurs primarily through macropinocytosis, and that this mechanism
seems to be highly dependent on actin assembly followed by endosome
traffic. Confocal microscopy allowed visualization of significant interaction of DF with endothelial cell membranes followed by internalization and redistribution to the cytoplasm. DF did not reach the cell
nucleus even after 24 h of exposure.
Conclusion: Our studies show that DF interacts with endothelial cells
membranes, becoming internalized and redistributed into endothelial
cell compartments without evidence in the nucleus. Our findings may
contribute to a better understanding of the precise mechanisms of
action of DF as a therapeutic and potential preventive agent on the
endothelial damage underlying different pathological situations.
ABSTRACTS
Disclosure of Interest: M. Palomo De Udaeta Grant/Research Support
from: This research has been funded by Jazz Pharmaceuticals Inc. /
Gentium, E. Mir Grant/Research Support from: This research has
been funded by Jazz Pharmaceuticals Inc. / Gentium, M. Rovira
Grant/Research Support from: This research has been funded by Jazz
Pharmaceuticals Inc. / Gentium, G. Escolar Grant/Research Support
from: This research has been funded by Jazz Pharmaceuticals Inc. /
Gentium, E. Carreras Grant/Research Support from: This research
has been funded by Jazz Pharmaceuticals Inc. / Gentium, M. Daz-Ricart Grant/Research Support from: This research has been funded by
Jazz Pharmaceuticals Inc. / Gentium.
PO190-MON
Circulating endothelial cells are increased in postthrombotic syndrome patients
Flores-Nascimento M, Mazetto BM, Orsi FLDA and AnnichinoBizzacchi JM
Haemostasis Laboratory, University of Campinas, Campinas,
Brazil
Background: Post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) is a complication of
lower limbs deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Circulating endothelial cells
(CEC) are derived from vascular wall or bone marrow, and have been
related to hemostasis.
Aims: CEC, D-dimer and IL8 were analyzed in PTS patients (N = 19,
all of them presenting residual thrombi, grouped according to Villalta
scale), in DVT patients with no PTS (N = 9) and to healthy individuals
(CTR, N = 19, matched to PTS patients by gender, ethnic origin and
age 5 years).
Methods: Flow cytometry analyzes were performed including CD31,
CD144, CD133, anti-VEGFR2 and CD45. Plasma and serum were
used on inflammatory markers analyses.
Results: Mild PTS patients presented higher levels of CEC using
CD144 (0.06) and anti-VEGFR2 (0.121) in comparison to DVT
patients (CD 144: 0.019, P = 0.015; VEGFR2: 0.032, P = 0.019) and
to CTR (CD 144: 0.026, P = 0.077; VEGFR2: 0.034, P = 0.04). Moderate+severe PTS patients presented higher levels of CEC using antiVEGFR2 (0.109) in comparison to DVT patients (0.032, P = 0.008)
and to CTR (0.034, P = 0.013). Using CD144, the increased amounts
were almost significant between PTS patients (0.044) and DVT
patients (0.019, P = 0.054). D-dimer was increased in patients with
residual thrombi but without PTS (0.85, P = 0.009) and also in mild
SPT patients (0.5, P = 0.03) in comparison to CTR (0.31). Mild PTS
patients (26.46) and moderate+severe PTS patients (13.84, P = 0.03)
presented different levels of IL8 in comparison to DVT without PTS
patients (20.28, P = 0.03 and P = 0.02, respectively]. CEC did not correlate to IL8 or D-dimer levels.
Conclusion: Different levels of D-dimer on residual thrombi patients
with no PTS and in mild PTS patients are probably dued to lower levels of thrombi fibrosis. Different levels of IL8 and CEC in PTS
patients may be related to angiogenic properties and increasing tendency on oxidative stress situations. Probably CEC play a role on PTS
pathophysiology, certainly associated to the endothelial injury.
331
PO191-MON
Endothelial dysfunction after hematopoietic cell
transplantation (HCT) is enhanced in acute graftversus-host disease (GVHD)
Mir E1, Palomo M1, Rovira M2, Escolar G3, Carreras E1 and DiazRicart M3
1
Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute; 2Stem Cell
Transplantation Unit; 3Hemotherapy-Hemostasis Department,
Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
Background: Acute GVHD is a leading cause of non relapse mortality
after allogeneic HCT. We demonstrated endothelial dysfunction in
association with allogeneic HCT that could be responsible for several
associated early complications.
Aims: The potential role of the endothelial damage in the development
of GVHD was evaluated.
Methods: Human endothelial cells were grown in the presence of serum
from patients receiving allogeneic HCT, non developing (-GVHD,
n = 12) or developing GVHD on days +7 to +14 (+GVHD14, n = 6) or
days +14 to +21 (+GVHD21, n = 6). Blood samples were collected before
conditioning (Pre), before transplantation (day 0), and at days 7, 14, 21
and 28 after transplantation. We evaluated changes in the expression of
VCAM-1 on cell surfaces, and VWF on the extracellular matrix (ECM),
by immunofluorescence, and the reactivity of the ECM towards platelets,
after being exposed to citrated blood (800s1, 5 min). Plasma VWF was
analyzed, by ELISA, as a biomarker of endothelial dysfunction.
Results: Expression of VCAM-1, presence of VWF and platelet adhesion onto the ECM were markedly elevated when cells were exposed to
+GVHD14 and +GVHD21 conditions in comparison to -GVHD.
These markers reached maximum values in response to sera collected
at GVHD diagnose (increases with respect to GVHD of 8.8%, 35.0%
and 20.6%; and of 10.7%, 40.0% and 20.8% for VCAM-1, VWF and
platelet adhesion in +GVHD14 and +GVHD21, respectively). Plasma
VWF was always higher in GVHD patients, specially at diagnose
(increases of 37.7% and 100.3% in +GVHD14 and +GVHD21 vs. GVHD).
Conclusion: Our studies indicate that humoral factors from allogeneic
HCT recipients with GVHD induce a more marked proinflammatory
and prothrombotic action on endothelial cells in culture than those
present in recipients who do not develop GVHD. Our results could
contribute to establish a pattern of early biomarkers with predictive
value on the development of GVHD.
Disclosure of Interest: E. Mir Grant/Research Support from: This
research has been funded by Jazz Pharmaceuticals Inc. / Gentium,, M.
Palomo Grant/Research Support from: This research has been funded
by Jazz Pharmaceuticals Inc. / Gentium,, M. Rovira Grant/Research
Support from: This research has been funded by Jazz Pharmaceuticals
Inc. / Gentium,, G. Escolar Grant/Research Support from: This
research has been funded by Jazz Pharmaceuticals Inc. / Gentium, E.
Carreras Grant/Research Support from: This research has been
funded by Jazz Pharmaceuticals Inc. / Gentium,, M. Diaz-Ricart
Grant/Research Support from: This research has been funded by Jazz
Pharmaceuticals Inc. / Gentium.
332
ABSTRACTS
PO192-MON
Effect of maternal anti-HPA-1A antibodies on
endothelial cells
Dardik R1,2, Rosenberg N1,2, Loewenthal R3 and Salomon O2,4
1
National Hemophilia Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel
Hashomer; 2Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel
Aviv; 3Tissue Typing Laboratory; 4Thrombosis and Hemostasis
Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
Background: Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT) is
caused by maternal antibodies directed against fetal platelet antigens
of paternal origin. The majority of NAIT cases result from incompatibility in HPA-1 located on the b3 integrin subunit, which forms a complex with the aIIb integrin subunit on the platelet surface (integrin
aIIbb3 [GPIIb/IIIa]) and with the av integrin subunit (integrin avb3)
on the endothelial cell (EC) surface. The most severe complication of
NAIT is fetal/neonatal intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). Since no correlation has been observed between the risk of ICH and the severity of
neonatal thrombocytopenia, endothelial damage caused by binding of
maternal anti-HPA-1a antibodies to ECs has been suggested to play a
role in ICH.
Aims: To investigate the effect of anti-HPA-1a antibodies present in
the sera of mothers genotyped as HPA-1bb and with a history of
NAIT, on ECs.
Methods: Serum samples were collected from 10 mothers genotyped as
HPA-1bb with a history of NAIT, shortly after delivery. Confluent
layers of ECs (HUVEC) were incubated with 10% heat-inactivated
maternal serum for 24 h. RNA extracted from ECs exposed to maternal sera positive for anti-HPA-1a antibodies was examined for expression of genes involved in apoptosis by quantitative real-time PCR
using a commercial gene array.
Results: Serum of 1 (KZ) out of the 10 mothers sera examined caused
partial detachment of ECs and increased expression of the pro-apoptotic genes Bax, FADD and GADD45 alpha, whereas sera of the
remaining 9 mothers showed no effect on EC adhesion or expression
of genes involved in apoptosis. Mother KZ delivered a baby with a
platelet count of 5000 mL1, which was genotyped as HPA-1ab. Of
note, she received IVIG during her next pregnancy, but did not
respond to IVIG treatment: platelet count of the second baby born following IVIG treatment was also 5000 mL1.
Conclusion: Endothelial damage may be caused by maternal antiHPA-1a antibodies in isolated cases of NAIT.
PO193-MON
Endothelial dysfunctions in cirrhosis patients
Radu CM, Bulato C, Rodriguez-Castro K2, Zerbinati P,
Saggiorato G, Senzolo M2 and Simioni P
Department of Medicine2Multivisceral Transplant Unit,
Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology,
University of Padua, Padua, Italy
Background: The risk of thromboembolic events in patients with cirrhosis is reported to be two-fold higher than in controls, due to the
imbalance between pro and anti-coagulant factors. Endothelial dysfunction is a key initiating event in the etiology of vascular diseases
and has been linked to the pathogenesis of thrombosis in cirrhotic
patients. Thrombosis has been reported to be a consequence of imbalance of functional phenotypes, such as thrombosis markers of the
endothelial cell surface, which is involved in the procoagulant and
anticoagulant pathways.
Aims: We analyzed the expression of the endothelial coagulation proteins in samples of vena cava and portal vein from cirrhosis patients,
in order to evaluate endothelial dysfunction.
Methods: Vena cava and portal vein samples were obtained from 15
cirrhosis patients at transplant surgery and during organ retrieval in
15 non-cirrhosis patients (controls). The fragment of the veins samples
were immediately conserved in buffered formalin. We analyzed by
immunofluorescence techniques the expression of the major important
coagulation endothelial markers.
Results: We observed a low or absent expression of the most important
anti-coagulant endothelial proteins: trombomodulin, endothelial protein C receptor and tissue factor protein inhibitor. In the contrary, we
observed an increased expression of tissue factor and E-selectin which
indicated endothelial activation.
Conclusion: These results directly demonstrate the presence of endothelial dysfunction in the liver vasculature of patients with cirrhosis,
suggesting an activation of the endothelium. This study on endothelial
cells could give us the possibility to observe in situ the endothelial
damage present in cirrhosis and clarify the possible mechanism underlying the splanchnic thrombosis occurrence.
PO194-MON
Kindlins are actin binding proteins
Bialkowska K, Bledzka K, Pluskota E, Qin J and Plow EF
Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
Background: The kindlins are a family of cytoskeletal proteins that
have received considerable attention for their capacity to bind to and
regulate the function of integrins. In mammals, the kindlin family consists of three members (kindlin-1, -2,-3), each encoded by a separate
gene. Human diseases that arise from the deficiencies of kindlin-1 or
kindlin-3 have been attributed to disruption of extracellular matrix-integrin-actin networks. Kindlin-2 is lethal early in embryonic development when its gene expression is ablated in mice. The observations
made in mice and zebra fish with reduced kindlin-2 levels also emphasize its localization in focal adhesion-like structures and its role in linking integrins to the actin cytoskeleton.
Aims: To investigate the direct interaction of kindlins with actin and to
assign the functional significance to this interaction.
Methods: The in vitro binding assays using purified proteins and cellbased assays were used.
Results: Reduction in kindlin-2 levels in endothelial cells, in
mouse C2C12 using siRNA, or in kindlin-3 levels in human erythroleukemia cells using siRNA disorganizes the actin cytoskeleton and
decreases the spreading on b3 integrin substrates. These changes led us
to consider direct binding between kindlins and actin. Indeed, direct
interaction of purified kindin-2 and kindlin-3 with F-actin was
observed in co-sedimentation experiments. In surface plasmon resonance, actin bound kindlin-2 in a concentration and time dependent
manner. Addition of kindlin-2 to F-actin induced formation of actin
bundles, also indicative of direct interaction. We have begun to locate
the actin binding site(s) in kindlins. Pull-down assays of kindin-2
derivatives indicated that a integrin binding site in F3 was not essential
for actin binding. SPR showed that that an actin binding site resided
in the amino-terminal region of kindlin-2.
Conclusion: Kindlins are actin binding proteins, and this finding provides a new way to interpret their role of kindlins in signaling across
integrins.
ABSTRACTS
Fibrinogen / fibrin / D-dimer I

PO195-MON
Evaluation of different assays of D-DIMER and soluble
fibrin in emergency department patients with
suspected venous thromboembolism
v L1, J
Farm M1,2, Siddiqui A3, Onelo
arnberg I2, Eintrei J2,
Kallner A2 and Antovic JP1
1
Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute; 2Clinical
Chemistry; 3Internal Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital,
Stockholm, Sweden
Background: D-dimer (DDI) is a heterogeneous degradation product
of cross-linked fibrin and named the biochemical gold standard for
excluding suspected Venous Thromboembolism (VTE). Specificity is
low since levels increase with e.g. age, pregnancy, cancer, trauma,
inflammation and infection, so imaging techniques are needed to verify
diagnosis. Soluble Fibrin (SF), activated but not yet polymerized
fibrin, is more specific to intravasal coagulation than is DDI and may
be preferred in some settings.
Aims: Comparing assays of DDI and SF for identifying VTE in symptomatic out-patients.
Methods: Five hundred and seventy eight patients with clinically suspected VTE were recruited from the medical emergency department of
Karolinska University Hospital (inclusion still ongoing). VTE was verified by imaging techniques (ultrasonography, computed tomography
or ventilation/perfusion lung scintigraphy, as appropriate). Non-VTE
was identified by imaging techniques or prolonged clinical followup. VTE was verified in 15% (n = 91); 29% of these developed pulmonary embolism. DDI and SF concentrations were measured in citrated
plasma, using two instruments (Sysmex CS2100i and Stago CompactMax).
Results:
Roche Tina-quant DDI (CS2100i) [<0.25 mg L-1]

Siemens INNOVANCE DDI (CS2100i) [<0.25 mg L-1]
MediRox DDI (CS2100i) [0.20 mg L-1]
STA-Liatest DDI (CompactMax)
[<0.50 lg mL-1 FEU](n=155)
STA-Liatest FM SF (CompactMax)
[<5.2 lg ml-1 FEU](n=109)
STA-Liatest FM SF(CS2100i) [<9 mg L-1]
333
PO196-MON
Performance of age adjusted D-dimer cut off value: a
step towards improving clinical utility in diagnosis of
asymptomatic venous thromboembolism
Shawkat SA1, Pessar SA2, Farid TM3 and Kassim NA1
1
Clinical and Chemical Pathology; 2Clinical Pathology;
3
Geriatrics Medicine and Gerontology, Ain Shams UniversityFaculty of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
Background: Asymptomatic venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a
leading problem in elderly hospitalized patients, it presents a difficulty
in diagnosis and consumes both patient and hospital resources. Old
age is accompanied with an increase in D-dimer level that is not associated with VTE, leading to increased investigations in elderly due to its
poor specificity.
Aims: To explore the reliability of conventional D-dimer cutoff value
(500 lg L1) against the age-adjusted cutoff formula (patients
age910 lg L1) when excluding VTE in patients over 65 years.
Methods: From an initial pool of 1123 patients,252 patients aged
>65 years were selected. Those 252 patients had shown decreased
mobility after hospital admission. Laboratory and radiological results
were collected from the patients charts in Ain Shams University hospitals. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to their age; first
group 6570 years, second group 7180 years and third group above
81 years. Conventional cutoff sensitivity and specificity were compared to age-adjusted cutoff sensitivity and specificity in the different
groups.
Results: Patients had mean age of 73.3 (6.74). Of those patients,
35.7% showed compression changes in their Doppler examination and
were diagnosed with VTE. Patients in the first group, conventional
cutoff showed sensitivity 100% and specificity 37.3% whereas ageadjusted formula showed 100% and 49.5% respectively. Second
group, conventional cutoff showed sensitivity 100% and specificity
24.2% whereas age-adjusted formula showed 100% and 51.4% respectively. In third group, conventional cutoff showed sensitivity 100%
Efficiency (%)
Sens (%)
Spec (%)
NPV (%)
PPV (%)
LR(-)
LR(+)
Kappa
70
48
68
60
94
100
87
96
65
38
65
52
98
100
97
99
33
23
31
31
0.1
0
0.2
0.1
2.7
1.6
2.5
2.0
0.409
0.160
0.297
0.252
54
63
52
87
22
0.7
1.3
0.088
83
38
91
89
44
0.7
4.2
0.304
NPV/PPV= Negative/Positive predicitive value, LR (-/+) = Negative/Positive Likelyhood Ratio.

Conclusion: The heterogeneity of the measurand and chosen cutoffs
may explain the deviating performance of the assays. A combination
of a DDI with a maximized sensitivity, and a SF, or other biomarker,
with high specificity (see table) for VTE may provide a combined diagnostic performance as an alternative to imaging.
and specificity 52.6%, whereas age-adjusted formula showed 97% and

35.2% respectively.
Conclusion: Using the age-adjusted cutoff formula when interpreting
D-dimer results will lead to better specificity when diagnosing VTE in
patients ages 6580 years, while in patients over 80 years, the more
sensitive conventional cut off is preferred.
334
ABSTRACTS
PO197-MON
Evaluation of the ratios of high molecular weight fibrin
degradation products (HMW FDP) to d-dimer in
patients blood by the immunoassay equally
recognizing D-dimer and HMW FDP
Kogan A1, Mukharyamova K1, Bereznikova A1, Koshkina E2,
Kara A1 and Katrukha A1
1
Hytest, Turku, Finland; 2City Hospital N 67, Moscow, Russia
Background: Fibrin clot lysis in blood results in the formation of a
broad range of fibrin degradation products (FDP) of different molecular weights including the smallest one - D-dimer (DD). The information about the ratios of high molecular weight FDP (HMW FDP) to
DD in patients blood is limited since the commercial assays have different specificity to various forms of FDP. We suggest that the assay
with equal specificity to all FDP forms could help to evaluate the real
ratios of HMW FDP to DD in patients blood.
Aims: Our goal was to develop mAbs equally recognizing HMW FDP
and DD and utilize them in immunoassay to evaluate the ratios of
HMW FDP to DD in blood of patients with different diseases.
Methods: mAbs specific to DD were obtained by traditional hybridoma technique. Two mAbs equally recognizing HMW FDP and DD
were selected and used in the fluoroimmunoassay to quantify DD and
HMW FDP levels in plasmas of patients with deep vein thrombosis
(n = 5), sepsis (n = 7), and one day after the surgery (n = 6). Plasma
samples were separated by gel filtration using AKTA-FPLC system,
and concentrations of FDP forms in fractions were determined by the
newly-developed assay.
Results: mAbs DD189 and DD255 with equal specificity to HMW
FDP and DD were obtained. Assay utilizing these mAbs (DD189 as
capture and DD255 as detection MAbs) also recognized equally both
forms of FDP. It was shown that in blood of thrombotic patients FDP
levels prevailed over DD levels (up to 3.5 times). In septic patients
FDP and DD levels were comparable, whereas in patients after the
surgery DD levels often exceeded FDP levels (up to 2.5 times). In
blood of patients with the same disease the FDP/DD ratios were not
constant and could vary several times.
Conclusion: The newly-developed assay DD189-DD255 with equal
specificity to HMW FDP and DD enable evaluating precisely the
FDP/DD ratios in patients plasmas. The clinical value of this ratio
should be analyzed.
PO198-MON
Isochronous design to study the stability of liquid
D-dimer controls
Sales M, Arza B, Perez-Alvarez S and Toro LD
R+D, Biokit R+D, Llica dAmunt, Spain
Background: Human fibrin digested products partially purified and
stabilized have been used to prepare liquid D-Dimer controls for the
HemosIL D-Dimer HS 500 (Instrumentation Laboratory, Bedford,
MA, USA) assay at two levels, one around the clinical cut-off for
Venous Thromboembolism (500 ng mL1 FEU) and another well
above the cut-off. The classical design to study controls stability is a
long-term testing of material placed at the recommended storage temperature and tested at different time points throughout the study duration. This design is sensitive to long-term variability. An alternative
proposal is the isochronous design where samples withdrawn from the
storage conditions are placed monthly below 70 C until the end of
the study.
Aims: To study the stability of liquid HemosIL D-Dimer HS 500 Controls at the recommended storage conditions (28 C) with an isochronous design.
Methods: The stability has been studied following an isochronous staggered end design. A sufficient number of vials from three lots of controls were placed at 28 C at the start of the study until the check
day, freezing some of them below 70 C each month until the end of
the study (19 months). Then, all vials and a set of vials kept at -70 C
from day 0 are thawed and measured randomly. With this design, data
is generated simultaneously at the end of the study. Stability was
assessed by a linear regression model of the percent recovery versus
time.
Results: As all the regression slopes were statistically significant, stability was defined as the time at which the lower limit of the 95% confidence interval (CI) of the regression line intercepts the control
recovery at the 85% acceptance criterion. These values were higher
than 19 months for all the samples. The lower sided 95% CI intercepted the 19 months of testing with recoveries ranging between
88.9% and 93.7%.
Conclusion: An isochronous design to test stability of liquid HemosIL
D-Dimer HS 500 Controls demonstrated a shelf life of 19 months.
PO199-MON
The factors associated with elevated D-dimer level in
patients with acute venous thromboembolism
Vorobyeva N1, Dobrovolsky A1, Titaeva E1, Ermolina O1,
Balakhonova T1, Kirienko A2 and Panchenko E1
1
Russian Cardiology Research and Production Complex; 2Russian
State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
Background: D-dimer (D-D) is a well-investigated marker for diagnosis of venous thromboembolism (VTE).
Aims: To determine factors associated with elevated D-D level in pts
with acute VTE.
Methods: One hundred and eleven pts (76 men) in the age 1876 (mean
54 14) years with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and/or pulmonary
embolism (PE) were included in the study. Diagnosis of DVT was confirmed by compression ultrasonography. Size of thrombus was calculated in points using our own scale. Diagnosis of PE was confirmed
by ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy, multi-detector computed tomographic angiography or pulmonary angiography. D-D was measured
by a quantitative assay with reagent kits STA LIATEST D-DI (Diagnostica Stago) with estimated cut-off level of 0.5 lg mL1. At
admission to hospital, the duration of DVT/PE symptoms was ranged
from 1 to 60 days.
Results: Median of D-D level was 1.05 (interquartile range 0.49
1.99) lg mL1. D-D level exceeded the upper limit of normal level
in 74% of pts. Median of the duration of DVT/PE symptoms
was 32 (interquartile range 2344) days. D-D level had a positive
correlation with size of thrombus (r = 0.32; P = 0.001) and a
negative correlation with the duration of DVT/PE symptoms
(r = -0.42; P < 0.001). We also studied other factors, which may
influence on D-D level in pts with acute VTE. Multivariate analysis showed that female (OR 8.38; 95% CI 1.9136.80; P = 0.005),
chronic heart failure (OR 17.31; 95% CI 1.69177.25; P = 0.016),
the duration of DVT/PE symptoms less 30 days (OR 5.44; 95%
CI 1.5419.26; P = 0.009) and size of thrombus over 6 points
(OR 13.61; 95% CI 3.4354.01; P < 0.001) are independent predictors of elevated D-D level in pts with acute VTE.
Conclusion: In pts with acute VTE (mean duration of DVT/PE symptoms was 32 days), D-D level was elevated in 74% of them. Except
size of thrombus and the duration of DVT/PE symptoms, two clinical factors (female and chronic heart failure) were associated with elevated D-D level.
ABSTRACTS
PO200-MON
Baseline D-DIMER levels as a predictor for
recanalisation in patients with first episode of deep
venous thrombosis (DVT) of the lower limb
Suri V1, P NV1, Yadav M2, Ahluwalia J3, Kumar N3, Malhotra P1,
Prakash G1, Khadwal A1, Kumari S1, Jain S1, Varma N3 and
Varma S1
1
Internal Medicine; 2Radiodiagnosis; 3Hematology, Pgimer
Chandigarh, Chandigarh, India
Background: Recanalization is the process through which an occluded
thrombus undergoes changes in size, shape and structure resulting in
eventual re-establishment of the venous lumen.Various factors are
known to influence recanalisation rates in patients with lower limb
DVT.
Aims: Analyze the recanalisation rates in patients with DVT of the
lower limbs and also evaluate the various factors, especially whether
baseline D-Dimer levels effect this recanalisation
Methods: Twenty five patients (16males/9females) 18 years of age
(37.67 13.3 years) with first episode of DVT of the lower limb were
enrolled. All but one patient received subcutaneous at the dose of
1 mg kg1 body weight at the time of diagnosis. Only one patient
received unfractionated heparin infusion. In all 25 patients warfarin
was started simultaneously at a dose of 5 mg taken and the initial
treatment with heparin continued for at least 5 days or until an international normalized ratio (INR) of >2 was maintained for at least
48 h. For diagnosis (n-25) of DVT and to assess recanalisation, a
duplex ultrasound of the lower limbs was done after one (n-20) and
3 months (n-17) of anticoagulation. A quantitative baseline D Dimer
levels were measured in 14 patients using the STA latest D-dimer kit
with STA compact analyzer. The mean D-dimer levels in these patients
at baseline patients was 2.96 4.9 mg mL1 (range 0.2
10 mg mL1).
Results: At 1 and 3 months re-evaluation we observed of 40limbs/20
patients(1 month) and 34limbs/17 patients(3 months),40%/16.6%
remained in the state of complete occlusion, 5%/16.6% completely recanalised, 55%/66.8% partial recanalised. We observed better recanalisation rates both at one(66.7% vs. 50%) and 3 months(100% vs.
66.7%) in patients with baseline D Dimer levels of <0.5 IU L1 as
compared to the patients with a baseline D Dimer levels of
0.5 IU L1.
Conclusion: Although our study size was small but baseline D-Dimer
levels have a definite role in predicting recanalisation in patients with
DVT of the lower limbs.
Disclosure of interest: None declared.
PO201-MON
An evaluation of the TOSOH bioscience ST AIA-PACK
Ddimer performed with the AIA-360 automate
Smith JM1 and Kitchen S2
1
Department of Coagulation, Sheffield Haemophilia and
Thrombosis Centre Northern General Hospital; 2Department of
Coagulation, Sheffield Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre Royal
Hallamshire Hospital
, Sheffield, UK
Background: DDimer is a degradation product formed as a result of
the action of plasmin on cross-linked fibrin. Raised DDimer levels are
observed in diseases and conditions associated with increased coagulation activation and can also be used in the exclusion of thromboembolic events (VTE) eg. deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism.
Aims: An evaluation of the TOSOH ST AIA-PACK D-Dimer test.
Methods: The TOSOH ST AIA-PACK DDimer is a 2 site immunoenzymometric assay performed for the purpose of this study on the TOSOH AIA 360 instrument.
335
Our study included:

1 An assessment of the overall suitability of the test system including
inter- / intra-assay reproducibility and linearity
2 A comparison of data with that obtained using Siemens Innovance,
for samples from subject groups including; Normals (n = 20),
exclusion of VTE (n = 35) and investigation of possible DIC
(n = 42)
Results: The inter assay CVs at three levels (mean DDimer values of
350, 570 & 2810 ng mL1) ranged from 2.2 to 3.5%, and intra assay
CVs at two levels (mean DDimer values of 480 &7329) ranged from
3.6 to 4.1%. The linearity based on two plasma samples with measured
DDimer concentrations of approximately 7600 and 14 000 gave R
values of 0.9985 and 0.9988
Significant differences were observed between the means of the
TOSOH and Siemens Systems Ddimer result in the Normal and
VTE exclusion subject groups, P < 0.0001. Correlation of the two
methods gave r values of 0.7798, 0.9693, 0.9574 (excluding two
outliers) and 0.9713 when comparing results in Normal, VTE exclusion, possible DIC subject groups and All clinical groups combined, respectively.
Conclusion: The TOSOH system is a user friendly, robust system with
acceptable levels of reproducibility and linearity over a wide concentration range (up to 16 000 ng mL1 without the need for pre analysis
dilution). In agreement with manufacturers recommendations it
would be necessary for each laboratory to determine a reference interval corresponding to the characteristics of the population being tested.
PO202-MON
evaluation of diagnostic accuracy of two D-dimer
assays in pulmonary embolism
Feese W1, Dunnington J2 and Kline J3
1
Hematology Laboratory; 2Pathology Department, Taylor
Regional Hospital, Campbellsville; 3Department of Emergency
Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, USA
Background: The choice of the best D-dimer assay may be a challenge
for the laboratory because the assays on the market vary in their sensitivity and specificity. In the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE),
the ability of the D-dimer assay to minimize unnecessary imaging procedures may be a criteria of choice.
Aims: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of two D-dimer assays in
outpatients suspected of PE.
Methods: Seventy banked samples from patients enrolled in a previous
study (# NCT00368836) were tested with STA - Liatest D-Di, Stago
(DD1) and VIDAS D-Dimer ExclusionTM, Biomerieux (DD2).
Seventeen patients with confirmed PE (based on imaging results) and
53 PE negative patients (based on imaging results or 90-day follow-up)
were tested.
Patients were included if they presented at least one symptom indicative of proximal deep venous thromboembolism or PE. Patients were
not included if they had anticoagulant therapy, pregnancy, cancer or
surgery.
Correlations of D-dimer results obtained with the two reagents were
analyzed using linear regressions and Bland Altman plot. Diagnostic
agreement to clinical evidence was shown through 2 9 2 tables.
Results: Linear regression was: y = 1.1331x 0.2091 (r = 0.908).
Three samples had discrepant D-dimer results but were all D-dimer
false positive (D-dimer level clinical cut-off but final diagnosis of
the patient was no PE).
Sensitivity was 94.1% for both assays. All true PE positive cases were
identified, except one (76 years old patient diagnosed positive for subsegmental PE confirmed by CTPA).
Specificity was 45.3% for DD1 and 24.5% for DD2.
Conclusion: D-dimer levels are well correlated with the two assays.
336
ABSTRACTS
In addition, sensitivity of these assays in the diagnosis of PE is equivalent. Finally, DD1 assay was able to identify more true negative cases
than DD2 and could therefore suggest that less patients would
undergo unnecessary imaging procedures.
Disclosure of Interest: W. Feese Grant/Research Support from: Stago,
J. Dunnington Grant/Research Support from: Stago, J. Kline Grant/
Research Support from: Stago.
Fibrinolytic system
PO203-MON
DS-1040: a novel selective inhibitor of activated form
of thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor
Noguchi K1, Edo N1, Ito Y1, Maejima T2 and Yamaguchi K1
1
Biological Research Laboratories; 2Medicinal Safety Research
Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
Background: DS-1040 is a low-molecular weight inhibitor of the activated form of thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFIa) and
is now under development for the treatment of thrombotic diseases.
Aims: To establish the potency and selectivity of DS-1040 as a TAFIa
inhibitor by in vitro profiling.
Methods: (1) Inhibitory effects of DS-1040 on human, rat, and monkey
TAFIa were evaluated using plasma from each species. (2) Effects of
DS-1040 on platelet aggregation induced by ADP, TRAP, collagen,
and U-46619 were assessed using human platelet-rich plasma. (3)
Effects of DS-1040 on PT and APTT were assessed using normal
pooled human plasma. (4) Effects of DS-1040 on various receptors,
channels, transporters (a total of 68 items), and enzymes (a total of
53 items) were examined using radioligand binding assays.
Results: (1) DS-1040 inhibited human, rat, and monkey TAFIa activity
with IC50 values of 5.92 nmol L1, 8.01 nmol L1, and
4.48 nmol L1, respectively. (2) The IC50 values of DS-1040 for platelet aggregations induced by ADP, TRAP, collagen, and U-46619 were
estimated to be greater than 100 lmol L1. (3) The concentrations of
DS-1040 to increase PT ratio and aPTT ratio to 1.15 were estimated to
be greater than 100 lmol L1. (4) DS-1040 inhibited the binding of
radioligand to phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) with IC50 value of
4.57 lmol L1. However, no inhibition of enzyme activity was noted
on the major PDE4 subtypes at concentrations up to 100 lmol L1.
DS-1040 had no effects on any of the other receptors, channels, transporters, and enzymes at a concentration of 10 lmol L1.
Conclusion: DS-1040 is a potent and selective TAFIa inhibitor.
Disclosure of Interest: K. Noguchi Employee of: Daiichi Sankyo Co.,
Ltd., N. Edo Employee of: Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Y. Ito Employee
of: Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., T. Maejima Employee of: Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., K. Yamaguchi Employee of: Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd.
PO204-MON
The state of fibrinolytic system in athletes at Russian
north
Vorobyeva N and Bushueva N
Hemostasis, Nsmu, Archangelsk, Russia
Background: The increase in blood fibrinolytic activity during stress is
associated with increased secretion of oxytocin, which stimulates fibrinolysis by increasing the activity of plasmin, enhancing the action plasminogen activators and oppression of antiplasmin. During the
increasing both the lasting and intensity of exposure to the stressor
(regardless of its nature) balance in the reactions of coagulation and
fibrinolytic systems are gradually replaced by the growing hypercoagulability.
Aims: In the process of analyzing of stressful changes in the hemostatic

system, we can note one side of these changes - the hypercoagulation
offensive that presents a risk of thrombosis.
Methods: The study involved 98 sportsmen who practice various sports
activities. Estimated parameters of fibrinolysis: tissue plasminogen
activator, Urokinase plasminogen activator and complex plasmin antiplasmin.
Results: Based on the results obtained with the 95% probability we
can say that the level of tissue plasminogen activator in athletes, is in
the range of 0.61 - 0.88 ng mL1. Urokinase plasminogen activator
level ranged from 0.96 to 9.66 (Me = 1.78) ng mL1. U-PA level in
50% athletes was within the limits 1.33.13 ng mL1. Adopted reference range of 1.22.4 ng mL1. The level of plasmin-antiplasmin complex varies from 10.21 to 260.79 ng mL1 (Me = 88.45). In 50% of
athletes plasmin-antiplasmin complex determined within 41.87
187.03 ng mL1. By virtue of what possible to judge on the absence of
pathological changes in the level of plasmin-antiplasmin complex. A
breakdown of athletes on kind of sports and sports skills (depending
on the sports category) was carried out.
Conclusion: Thus, our results indicate the presence of inhibition of the
fibrinolytic system in athletes, manifested in the reduction of tissue
plasminogen activator. However, the normal and in some cases, elevated levels of urokinase-type plasminogen activator may suggest
compensation of low level of t-PA.
PO205-MON
MIR-30C regulates thrombus formation in type 2
diabetic mellitus
Luo M, Liu F, Li R, Chen N, Zeng M, Deng X, Yang Y, Wan Q and
Wu J
Luzhou, China
Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes (DM2) have a highly
increased risk of thrombotic complications with cerebrovascular disease and severe peripheral vascular disease. High levels of PAI-1 have
been reported in DM2, and miR-30c could directly regulate plateletderived PAI-1 in DM2, however, the mechanisms by which miR-30c
mediates thrombus formation in DM2 are less well understood.
Aims: Our aim was to determine the role of miR-30c in the regulation
of arterial thrombosis.
Methods: The physiological relevance of miR-30c in arterial was studied in the high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice that induced PAI-1 overexpression. To assess the effect of miR-30c on thrombosis, we used a
carotid artery FeCl3 injury model after the lenti-miR-30c injection.
Results: After 3 min by FeCl3 injury, the blood flow was recorded by
the Color Laser Doppler Image scanner. The carotid arterial occlusion
time in HFD-fed mice was shorter than that of WT mice (122 20 vs.
211 25 s, P < 0.05). Strikingly, after the lenti-miR-30c injection, the
carotid occlusion time in HFD-fed mice (260 30 s) or WT mice
(395 35 s) were significantly increased compared with lenti-NC mice
respectively (lenti-NC-HFD-fed, 150 21 s and lenti-NC-WT,
245 26 s).
Conclusion: These results identify an important role for miR30c in controlling thrombus formation in DM2, indicating targeting of miRNA
representing a novel therapeutic opportunity for treating thromboembolism disease under DM2.
ABSTRACTS
PO206-MON
The influence of the peptide PRO-ARG-GLY on the
regulation of the fibrinolytic and insular systems of the
body on the model of diabetes mellitus type 2
Shubina T, Obergan T and Lyapina L
Biological faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University,
Moscow, Russia
Background: The regulatory peptides glyproline family when entering
the body have antiplatelet, anticoagulant, fibrinolytic and hypoglycemic effects in the blood. L-arginine has a positive effect on insulin
secretion, increases the sensitivity of peripheral receptors to him,
reducing the risk of developing diabetes type 2, which means negative
changes in the hemostatic system.
Aims: To examine the fibrinolytic and hypoglycemic activity of the
peptide Pro-Arg-Gly applied intranasally with the development of type
2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Methods: The experiment was carried out on white rats. They modeled diet-induced T2DM: daily for 2 weeks they intragastrically
injected 40% glucose solution at a dose of 0.5 mL per 200 g of
body weight, and with 12 days intranasally injected with a solution
of peptide PRG dose of 1 mg kg1 2 times a day. Control rats with
T2DM instead peptide was administered an equal volume of saline.
Blood on the survey was taken 1 h after the last injection PRG and
after 6 days of cancellation. In the blood plasma was determined:
the total fibrinolytic activity (TFA), plasminogen activator activity
(tPA) and XIIa-dependent fibrinolysis (XIIa). In the blood was
measured glucose level. All experiments were complied with the
Declaration of Helsinki.
Results: Within 1 h after the last injection PRG SFA increased by
32%, tPA - 105%, and XIIa - 92% compared with control. The level
of glucose in the experiment was 2 times lower than in control (as normal).After 6 days of undo the PRG on the back of continued receipt
of glucose in the experimental group indicators tPA and XIIa were
higher (P 0.001) control. No significant differences in the level of glucose in experimental and control rats.
Conclusion: The date obtained indicate that Regulatory peptide ProArg-Gly has protective antidiabetes action challenging the development of T2DM, and the parameters of hemostasis it prevents the
development of depression functions anticoagulation system due to
the increase fibrinolytic background plasma.
PO207-MON
Experimental validation of a stochastic multiscale
model of fibrinolysis
Bannish B1, Kolev K2 and Longstaff C3
1
Mathematics, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, USA;
2
Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; 3National Institute
for Biological Standards and Control, South Mimms, UK
Background: Modeling and simulation of fibrinolysis is complicated
by the fibrous structure of fibrin and the heterogeneous solid-fluid
reaction system. A multiscale model has been developed using a
stochastic approach to track individual tissue-type plasminogen
activator (tPA) molecules, suitable for low concentrations. Microscale results feed into the macroscale model to simulate full 3D clot
lysis. The model replicated published results and we have extended
the validation to data collected under carefully controlled conditions.
Aims: 1) Determine fiber diameters and estimate pore sizes in standardized clots and follow clot lysis over a range of reactant concentrations and fibrin architectures. 2) Compare results from the
mathematical model, using the same starting parameters.
337
Methods: Morphometric analysis of fibrin structure was studied by

scanning electron microscopy and the kinetics of fibrin lysis were
followed turbidimetrically. At the microscale, detailed biochemistry
(binding/unbinding of enzymes, plasminogen (Plg) activation to
plasmin, fibrin degradation, exposure of new binding sites) was used
to model transection of single fibers. Results were fed into the macroscale model to generate clot lysis curves, analyzed as turbidimetric
data.
Results: The model reproduced lysis curves without systematic deviation. Using 50% or 95% lysis times over a range of tPA and Plg
concentrations (0.33 nM and 0.21.5 lM, respectively), most
model and data results were within 10%. For example, in a 100 lL
clot of fiber diameters 57.5195 nm and pore sizes from 0.8
2.7 lm, with 0.75 lM Plg, 50% lysis times for 0.3, 0.6, 1.2 nM tPA
were 5475, 6315, 8730 s, respectively, whereas model results were
5292, 6468, 8526 s.
Conclusion: The model generated accurate fibrin lysis profiles over a
range of conditions. Future work will involve plasma clots with more
components. The model will be a valuable tool to understand the regulation of existing or novel thrombolytics in different fibrins.
PO208-MON
Thrombolytic preparation longolytin from low fungus
resolves superficial haematomas
Lidya P and Tamara S
Biological department, Moscow State University, Moscow,
Russia
Background: Preparation longolytin is stable proteinases complex, isolated from culture of low fungus Arthrobotrys longa. It reveals high
fibrinolytic, thrombolytic, anticoagulant and antiaggregation properties both in intravenous administration, and external application on
thrombi of superficial veins. These data give evidence longolytin is able
to penetrate through superficial tissues and, probably, to resolve shallow hypodermic hematomas, often formed in different everyday and
medicine cituations.
Aims: The aim is to study to reveal is longolytin possible to resolve
experimental hypodermic hematomas.
Methods: Hematomas was formed in rats by hypodermic injection of
0.05 mL1.own blood in 2 points of body: above brisket (pectoral)
and above groin (lateral hematomas). 0.3% longolytin in glycerol with
heparin (10 l mL1) was applied on hematoma every day during
7 days. There were determined resolving speed in 3 groups of rats:
active group with longolytin and 2 control groups- with heparin and
glycerol.
Results: Anatomical peculiarities were probably caused different pictures of hematomas: pectoral ones represented blue-like spot of big
size 310800 mm2, in lateral area there were formed blue-like hematomas spot of on skin mach smaller size 50250 mm2. Independently
of animal groups speed of resolving was firstly defined by the size of
hematoma: in pectoral area it was maximal 79 12 in active group,
72 12 in heparin group, 69 11 in glycerol group. There was far
smaller speed in little lateral hematomas correspondingly 27 4,
13.2 2.5, 13.4 3 mm2 day1. Another influencing factor was
revealed only in small lateral hematomas:longolytin application accelerated resolving speed twice. Time of resolving was 2.6 days for longolytin and 3,4 days for heparin and glycerol groups.
Conclusion: Different anatomical areas form various hematomas, differed in size and biological properties Longolytin accelerates only profound small hematomass resolving, did not influence on great
flattened ones.
338
ABSTRACTS
PO209-MON
The antifibrinolytic effect of factor XIII strongly
depends on clot compaction/retraction
Rijken DC, Malfliet JJ, Abdul S, Leebeek FW and de Willige SU
Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam,
Netherlands
Background: Although our insight into the underlying mechanisms of
the effect of factor XIII (FXIII) on fibrinolysis has improved considerably in the last few decades, in particular by the discovery that activated FXIII cross-links alpha-2-antiplasmin to fibrin, the topic
remains a matter of debate in which the experimental design of the
fibrinolysis assays seems to be critical.
Aims: To study the mechanisms of the antifibrinolytic effect of FXIII.
Methods: Citrated platelet-poor plasma was supplemented with FITClabeled fibrinogen, calcium and tissue factor to induce clotting and
varying concentrations of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) to
induce lysis, both in the absence and presence of 1 mM 1,3-dimethyl2-[2-oxo-propyl)thio]imidazol chloride, an inhibitor of activated
FXIII. Clots were incubated for 0.5 h at 37 C and subsequently compacted by centrifugation, after which the incubation was continued for
2.5 h whilst shaking. Clot lysis was assessed by measuring the released
fluorescence.
Results: Fifty percent clot lysis was obtained with 80 23 ng mL1 tPA (mean SD) in the absence of FXIII inhibitor and with
10.4 1.9 ng mL1 t-PA in the presence of FXIII inhibitor, indicating that 7.7 times more t-PA was required for lysis of cross-linked clots
than for lysis of non-cross-linked clots. When the mechanical compaction was omitted only 1.6 times more t-PA was required for lysis of
cross-linked clots as compared to non-cross-linked clots. Assays with
alpha-2-antiplasmin-depleted plasma showed no effect of cross-linking
on clot lysis, indicating that the antifibrinolytic effects of FXIII in normal plasma clots are fully explained by cross-linking of alpha-2-antiplasmin to fibrin, both with and without compaction.
Conclusion: The antifibrinolytic effect of factor XIII strongly depends
on clot compaction. The most likely explanation is that cross-linking
of alpha-2-antiplasmin prevents that the inhibitor is expelled from the
clot during compaction/retraction.
PO210-MON
The association of PAI-1 and clot lysis time with body
composition in Africans is sex dependent
Lange ZD, Eksteen P, Pieters M and Salome Kruger H
Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University,
Potchefstroom Campus, Potchefstroom, South Africa
Background: Obesity has been shown to be strongly associated with
impaired fibrinolysis, mainly through associations with plasminogen
activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1). Much less is known regarding the
relationship with fibrinolytic potential (clot lysis time).
Aims: We compared the associations of PAI-1 activity (PAI-1act)
and clot lysis time (CLT) with body composition in a group of
black South African adults. Special attention was paid to the influence of different fat distribution patterns between sexes on PAI-1act
and CLT.
Methods: Data for 1 288 apparently healthy black South African men
and women aged 35 and older were cross-sectionally analysed. Body
composition data included: body mass index, waist circumference,
waist to height ratio, skinfolds and percentage body fat as measured
with air-displacement plethysmography (ADP) and bioelectrical
impedance (BIA). This study complies with the ethical principles of
the Helsinki declaration.
Results: Despite adjustment for differences in body composition,
PAI-1act levels and CLT were significantly higher in women than in
men. PAI-1act had a stronger association with central obesity while

CLT had a stronger association with total body fat. In women
PAI-1act and CLT associated differently with body composition
markers. CLT showed a linear relationship with body composition
markers where PAI-1act levels plateaued at higher body composition
categories and showed no association with skinfolds. In men PAI1act and CLT had similar, linear relationships with body composition markers.
Conclusion: Observed differences between men and women may be
related to differences in adipose tissue type, distribution and sequence
of accumulation. PAI-1act is strongly influenced by accumulation of
visceral adipose tissue whereas CLT is associated with total obesity
independent of type and sequence of body fat accumulation. The association between CLT and body composition is, therefore, at least in
part, independent of PAI-1.
PO211-MON
Fibrinolytic dysregulation in arthroplasty patients may
contribute to postoperative hemostatic complications
Guler N1, Burleson D2, Hoppensteadt D1, Rees H3, Fareed J1 and
Hopkinson W3
1
Pathology; 2Surgery; 3Orthopaedic Surgery, Loyola University
Medical Center, Maywood, USA
Background: The pathogenesis of the alterations of fibrinolytic components in inflammatory joint disease and their post-surgical modulation
are not clearly understood. Preexisting hemostatic dysfunction may
lead to both thrombotic and bleeding disorders in these patients.
Aims: To profile fibrinolytic parameters in patients undergoing arthroplasty prior to and after surgery and compare with normal, healthy
controls.
Methods: Hundred arthroplasty patients were included in this study.
Blood samples were drawn at preoperative (preop) and postoperative (postop) day 1. Citrated plasma samples from 50 healthy individuals constituted the control group. Antigenic level of D-Dimer,
PAI-1 and tPA were measured using a commercially available
ELISA kit. Antiplasmin activity was measured by using functional
method.
Results: Preop PAI-1, D-Dimer, tPA levels were significantly higher
from healthy controls (P < 0.0001) (P < 0.0001), (P < 0.0001);
respectively. Preop antiplasmin levels were lower than controls
(P = 0.045). Postop levels of PAI-1 and D-Dimer were increased
compared to preop values (P = 0.023), (P < 0.0001); respectively.
Postop antiplasmin values were lower than preop levels (P = 0.024).
Changes in tPA were not significant (P = 0.115). There was no correlation between preop PAI-1 and D-Dimer levels. Pre and postop
% changes of each individual were also calculated for PAI-1, DDimer, tPA and antiplasmin. There were significant correlation
between D-Dimer and PAI-1 (P = 0.003). Negative correlations
between antiplasmin and D-Dimer (P = 0.0013) and antiplasmin
and PAI-1 (P = 0.023). There was no correlation between tPA and
PAI-1, D-Dimer and antiplasmin.
Conclusion: These results confirm the preexisting perturbation of the
fibrinolytic system of patients undergoing arthroplasty. Surgical intervention may further enhance the observed changes. The alterations in
the fibrinolytic system may lead to the observed hemostatic complications in these patients.
ABSTRACTS
PO212-MON
Pre and perioperative factors modulate fibrinolysis in
arthroplasty patients
Burleson D1, Guler N2, Saluk J2, Banos A3, Hoppensteadt D2,
Rees H3, Fareed J2 and Hopkinson W3
1
Surgery; 2Pathology; 3Orthopaedic Surgery, Loyola University
Background: Arthroplastic Surgery (AS) patients are mostly elderly
and have other complications such as increased body mass index
(BMI) and glucose levels. These factors, type of AS and use of tranexamic acid (TA) contribute to modulation of fibrinolytic (FL) system.
Aims: To demonstrate the effect of age, gender, BMI, type of AS and
TA treatment on FL parameters in AS patients.
Methods: Blood samples of 99 AS patients were drawn at preoperative
(preop) and postoperative (postop) day 1. Antigenic level of D-Dimer
(DD), PAI-1 and tPA were measured using an ELISA method. Antiplasmin (AP) activity was measured by using functional method. Age,
gender, status for TA treatment (10 mg kg1), type of AS, hemoglobin
(Hgb) value and BMI were collected from records.
Results: Sixty nine female, 30 male patients with age 65 10 underwent Total Knee AS (TKA: n = 67), Total Hip AS (THA: n = 32).
Of the 99 patients, 25 were administered with TA. Preop DD levels
were correlated with ages (P = 0.006), but not PAI-1. A positive
correlation between age and preop tPA levels (P = 0.02) and negative correlation between age and AP level (P = 0.009). Positive correlation between BMI and preop tPA levels (P = 0.015) was
observed but not with PAI-1, DD and AP. The correlations for
preop glucose level with PAI-1 and DD were not significant. There
were no significant differences in postop levels of DD, PAI-1, tPA
and AP between TA treated or not. In terms of % changes, the
DD and tPA, showed significantly lower changes in patients treated
with TA compared to non-treated group, respectively (P = 0.037),
(P = 0.007); PC for PAI-1 and AP were not significantly different.
Administration of TA did not change postop Hgb level. Postop levels of DD, PAI-1, tPA and AP werent different between TKA and
THA patients.
Conclusion: These results confirm the age is an essential component for
contribution to FL dysregulation in addition to effect of BMI. TA
treatment results in decreased FL activity in AS patients.
PO213-MON
Kinetic and thrombolytic properties of ProurokinasePamam conjugates
Mukhametova L, Ivanova EM, Zaharyan EM, Aisina RB and
Varfolomeyev SD
Chemistry Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University,
Moscow, Russia
Background: Prourokinase (proUK) is plasminogen activator, which
used as thrombolytic agent. The proUK disadvantages are rapid
clearance from the blood and significant fibrinogenolysis. Dendrimers
with specific size and shape and high content of functional groups on
surface are new class of polymers as carriers for drugs.
Aims: Improvement of proUK properties by its modification with poly
(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers.
Methods: Purified proUK was modified with activated PAMAM dendrimers of 2.5 and 3.5 generation in ratio 1:1, 1:5, 1:10 and 1:20 (M:
M). The following properties proUK and proUK-PAMAM dendrimers were studied: stability of fibrinolytic activity in plasma; kinetics
of Glu-Pg activation using conjugated method; thrombolytic activity
by lysis of human plasma clots immersed in plasma.
Results: Optimal time for proUK conjugation with activated PAMAM2.5 and 3.5 was found to be 2 h. Degree of proUK modification
339
with PAMAM3.5 had little effect on its activation rate by plasmin and
UK-PAMAM3.5 conjugates retained 95% amidase activity, while
proUK-PAMAM2.5 conjugates were activated by plasmin slower and
UK-PAMAM2.5 retained 85% activity. All conjugates activated GluPg faster than free proUK: maximum activation rate was 160% for
proUK-RAMAM2.5 and 180% proUK-RAMAM3.5 (in ratio 1:5).
All conjugates proUK-PAMAM2.5 caused 90-95% clot lysis in 4 h,
while conjugates proUK-PAMAM3.5 (in ratios from 1: 1 to 1:20),
showed decrease in lysis from 97 to 71%. Conjugation with dendrimers increased stability of proUK fibrinolytic activity (t1/2=48 min):
t1/2 increased from 60 to 130 min for proUK-PAMAM2.5 and from
54 to 115 min for proUK-PAMAM3.5 at increasing the ratio of protein:polymer of from 1:1 to 1:20.
Conclusion: Conjugates proUK with various modification degrees of
its amino groups with PAMAM G2.5 and G3.5 were obtained. Conjugates proUK-PAMAM2.5 and proUK-PAMAM3.5 had increased the
plasminogen-activator activity, higher stability in human plasma and
somewhat reduced thrombolytic activity compared with free proUK.
PO214-MON
The influence of residual platelets on plasma PAI-1
assays
Barnard S1, Pieters M1, Loots DT2 and Rijken DC3
1
Centre of Excellence for Nutrition; 2Centre of Human
Metabolomics, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South
Africa; 3Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical
Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Background: The alpha granules of platelets were traditionally thought
to contain mostly latent plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1).
More recent publications, however, suggest that they also contain
active PAI-1. In addition, the effect of residual platelets in plasma on
PAI-1 fractions has not been studied in detail.
Aims: To investigate the effect of residual platelets in plasma on PAI-1
assays by relating a marker of alpha granule release, beta thromboglobulin (BTG), to PAI-1 activity (PAI-1act) and antigen (PAI-1ag), tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)/PAI-1 complex as well as a functional
marker of fibrinolysis, plasma clot lysis time (CLT).
Methods: Samples were obtained from an apparently healthy group of
75 black and 75 white South Africans and were centrifuged at 365 g
for 10 min to obtain platelet containing plasma. The study complied
with the Helsinki Declaration and informed consent was signed after
ethical approval was obtained.
Results: BTG levels were significantly higher in blacks than in the
whites (3264 [20094394] and 355 [218-584] IU mL1). In agreement
with this, PAI-1ag levels, comprising of latent PAI-1, active PAI-1 and
tPA/PAI-1complex, were significantly higher in the blacks (33.8 [28.4
42.4]) than in the whites (20.8 [16.7-25.8] ng mL1). No difference
between the groups was found for PAI-1act, tPA/PAI complex or clot
lysis time, suggesting that the higher plasma PAI-1ag is a result of
higher latent PAI-1 levels. BTG correlated significantly with PAI-1ag
(r = 0.68, P < 0.0001) while only weakly with PAI-1act (r = 0.22,
P = 0.01) and CLT (r = 0.19, P = 0.02) and showed no correlation
with tPA/PAI-1 complex.
Conclusion: The presence of residual platelets in plasma does not influence PAI-1act, tPA/PAI-1 complex or clot lysis time significantly, but
seems to be mainly related to an increase in latent PAI-1 plasma levels.
These results suggest that plasma PAI-1ag is more sensitive for the
presence of platelets in plasma than PAI-1act.
340
ABSTRACTS
PO215-MON
Clot lysis parameters are higher in inflammatory bowel
disease patients with a history of thromboembolism
Bollen L1, Casteele NV1, Peeters M1, Vermeire S2 and Gils A1
1
Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences,
KU Leuven, Laboratory for Therapeutic and Diagnostic
Antibodies; 2Department of Gastroenterology, UZ Leuven,
Translational Research in GastroIntestinal Disorders, Leuven,
Belgium
Background: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal intestine, characterized by flares
and remission. IBD patients are 3-fold more likely to develop thromboembolic events (TE) compared to the healthy population. During
flares the risk rises up to 16-fold.
Aims: To compare clot lysis parameters of IBD patients with TE
(IBD+TE) to those of IBD patients without TE (IBD-TE), taking disease activity into account.
Methods: Plasma samples of 118 IBD-TE (55% males, median [interquartile range] age of 37 [26 - 53] years) and 84 IBD+TE (45% males,
median age of 50 [3765] years) patients were collected. Three clot lysis
parameters were determined by a functional clot lysis assay; the area
under the curve expressed in optical density (OD) 9 minutes (AUC),
the 50% clot lysis time expressed in minutes (50% CLT) and the
amplitude expressed in OD. Disease activity was defined based on physicians global assessment.
Results: The median time between plasma collection and TE event was
5 [1.811] years. IBD-TE patients had a median C-reactive protein
(CRP) value of 3.7 [1.09.1] mg L1 and a mean platelet count of 303
[252361] 9 109 L1 whereas IBD+TE patients had a median of 2.8
[0.88.2] mg L1 and 265 [198333] 9 109 L1, respectively. At time
of plasma collection, 36% of the IBD-TE patients and 25% of the
IBD+TE patients had active disease. Comparing IBD-TE versus
IBD+TE, the AUC (21.8 [12.831.3] vs. 31.2 [23.349.4], P < 0.005),
the 50% CLT (95 [70126] vs. 110 [84134], P = 0.006) and the amplitude (0.241 [0.1680.308] vs. 0.295 [0.2220.436], P < 0.005) were significantly different and remained significantly higher in IBD+TE after
adjustment for age, gender, CRP, type of disease, presence of comorbidities and disease activity.
Conclusion: These results show that all three clot lysis parameters are
higher in IBD patients with a history of TE compared to IBD patients
without TE when corrected for confounding factors.
PO216-MON
Tissue plasminogen activator (T-PA) released from
human cells by Soft rush [Juncus Effusus l. Var.
Decipens]
Sumi H, Imai M2 and Mizote H2
Life Science, Kurashiki University of Science and the Arts,
Kurashiki2OKISO Co., Ltd., Okayama, Japan
Background: It has been known that there are several essential oils
which promote blood coagulation and fibrinolytic activities (Sumi,
Aroma Res., 4:60, 2003; Sumi and Yatagai, CRC Press New York,
p.185, 2007). We observed Juncus effusus (the main raw material for
tatami) containing these activities on human cells.
Aims: This study aimed to show the expression of t-PA remarkably
and the same extract showing anti-platelet aggregation activity.
Methods: Mud-dyed and pesticide-free soft rush [Juncus effusus L.
decipens] harvested in 2013 was extracted with ethanol. The culture
solution of HeLa cells (Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd.)
obtained after subjecting to culture for 24 and 48 h was recovered and
established as the test medium (1st and 2nd medium) (Yatagai et al.,
Pathophysiol. Haemost. Thromb., 36:227, 2009). Amidolysis measurement of t-PA, H-D-Ile-Pro-Arg-pNA was used and the activity was
calculated (unit mL1) based on the amount of p-NA produced (Sumi
et al., 22nd ISFP, P36, 2014). The anti-platelet aggregation activity
was carried out as reported previously (Sumi et al., Jpn. J. Alcohol &
Drug Studies, 46:297, 2011).
Results: As a result, the addition of soft rush extract on human cells,
the t-PA activity increased in the concentration-dependent manner
and the maximum value was 20-fold compared to the control. As
human cells, 1st and 2nd test medium were used, almost the similar tendency were observed. On the other hand, in the platelet aggregation
test, the same ethanol extract was found to strongly inhibit ADP and
collagen-induced aggregation activity.
Conclusion: This research for the first time showed that human cells
added with culm extract of Juncus effusus promoted high expression of
t-PA. There is a current report that b-phenethyl alcohol which is the
main component of rose oil increased release of t-PA (Sumi et al., Jpn.
J. Alcohol & Drug Studies, 47:75, 2012). Further research is needed in
areas such as peace of mind and enhancement of learning and memory.
PO217-MON
Global fibrinolytic profile in patients with chronic
thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
Lebreton A1, Casini A2, Lador F3, de Moerloose P2 and NeermanArbez M4
1
Hematology department, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, ClermontFerrand, France; 2Angiology and Haemostasis Department;
3
Pneumology department, Universitary Hospital of Geneva;
4
Genetic Medicine and Development department, University
medical centre, Geneva, Switzerland
Background: Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
(CTEPH), a complication of pulmonary embolisms, is due to
incomplete pulmonary reperfusion and a remodeling of the pulmonary vessels leading to an elevation of the pulmonary vascular resistance. Impaired fibrinolysis and residual fibrin persistence could be
involved. Five fibrinogen mutants have been associated with
CTEPH
Aims: Our aim was to evaluate the correlation between fibrinogen
genotype and resistance to fibrinolysis as measured by a global fibrinolysis assay in patients with CTEPH.
Methods: Eight patients with CTEPH, 16 controls and two dysfibrinogenemic patients with known fibrinolysis resistance were included. The
plasma fibrinolytic potential of a tissue-factor triggered clot at two
concentrations of t-PA (400 ng mL1 or 200 ng mL1) was assessed
by the clot lysis time (CTL), defined as the time needed when the maximum OD is reduced to its 50% level. All the exons and intron-exon
junctions of the fibrinogen genes were amplified by polymerase chain
reaction and sequenced.
Results: The mean CLT was of 9.8 (7.512), 9.4 (7.511), 9.8 (713)
and 15 (1416) min with 400 ng mL1 of t-PA and of 33.3 (2637), 31
(2835.5), 29.6 (16.536) and 43 (3947) min with 200 ng mL1 of tPA in CTEPH patients, healthy, anticoagulated controls and dysfibrinogenemic patients, respectively. Two CTEPH patients presented a
resistance to fibrinolysis at both t-PA concentrations compared to controls. None of the previously reported mutations associated with
CTEPH were found in our patients. Analysis is ongoing to identify
other causative mutations, if any. PAI and alpha-2 antiplasmin were
in normal range for all patients.
Conclusion: In this study, two patients with CTEPH presented an
impaired fibrinolysis as defined by the CTL. Any fibrinogen mutant
was identified, suggesting that the impaired fibrinolysis is not secondary to an abnormal structure of the fibrinogen/fibrin. A larger study is
ABSTRACTS
needed to confirm if hypofibrinolysis could be involved in the development of CTEPH.
PO218-MON
Measurement of in vivo generated carboxypeptidase U
(CPU, CPB2, TAFIA) in patients with acute myocardial
infarction
Leenaerts D1, Bosmans JM2, Veken PVD3, Sim Y1, Lambeir A-M1
and Hendriks D1
1
Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry, University of Antwerp,
Wilrijk; 2Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Antwerp,
Edegem; 3Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, University of
Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
Background: Two decades after its discovery, carboxypeptidase U
(CPU, CPB2, TAFIa) has turned into an interesting drug target in
thrombosis research. However, considering the difficulty of active
CPU measurement in the blood circulation, previous clinical studies
mainly focused on the measurement of its zymogen, proCPU.
Aims: Using a specific and sensitive enzymatic assay, we investigated
whether we can detect active CPU levels in the blood circulation and
whether CPU is increased in patients presenting with acute myocardial
infarction (AMI).
Methods: Peripheral arterial blood samples were collected from 45
patients with AMI (25 STEMI, 20 NSTEMI) and 27 controls. Additionally, in 11 STEMI patients, we obtained intracoronary blood samples during thrombus aspiration. All samples were collected in
trisodium citrate tubes containing PPACK and aprotinin, thereby
avoiding any ex vivo activation of proCPU by thrombin or plasmin.
CPU plasma concentrations in these samples were measured by means
of an activity-based assay using Bz-o-cyano-Phe-Arg as substrate.
Results: CPU activity levels were significantly higher in patients with
AMI in comparison to controls (P = 0.0007). No correlation between
CPU levels and AMI type (NSTEMI vs. STEMI) was found
(P = 0.654). Intracoronary samples resulted in significantly higher
CPU levels than the peripheral samples, indicating local CPU generation (P = 0.020).
Conclusion: These data suggest the in vivo generation of functional
CPU during the process of plaque rupture and subsequent thrombus
formation in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
PO219-MON
Characteristics of carboxypeptidase U (CPU, CPB2 OR
TAFIA) generation during in vitro clot lysis
Leenaerts D, Aernouts J, Sim Y, Lambeir A-M and Hendriks D
Wilrijk, Belgium
Background: Carboxypeptidase U (CPU, TAFIa) has become an
attractive novel drug target in the field of thrombotic diseases.
Improved insight in the process of CPU generation is essential in view
of the upcoming development of CPU inhibitors.
Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate and validate the time
course of CPU generation in healthy individuals, and to clarify mechanisms that influence this process.
Methods: CPU generation was monitored during an in vitro clot lysis
assay by means of an enzymatic assay that uses Bz-o-cyano-Phe-Arg
as specific substrate. The time course of CPU generation was determined in plasma of 21 healthy volunteers. A computer algorithm was
341
developed to automatically plot and quantify clot lysis and CPU generation related parameters.
Results: In all individuals, the typical biphasic pattern of CPU generation was present, but marked interindividual differences, both in
height and in area under the curve (AUC) of the first and second CPU
activity peak, were present. This method was validated and we determined a reference range for the different CPU generation characteristics in healthy individuals. The experimental data also provide more
insight in the mechanisms that influence the CPU generation. The
Thr325Ile polymorphism clearly is an important regulator of the halflife of the first CPU activity peak. This relationship was not observed
for the half-life of the second peak. Additionally, a strong correlation
was observed between the AUC of the first CPU activity peak and the
CLT (r = 0.66, R2 = 0.44, P = 0.0011) and between the AUC of the
second CPU activity peak and height of the clot lysis curve (r = 0.76,
R2 = 0.58, P < 0.0001).
Conclusion: Our method offers a technique to determine the individual
endogenous CPU potential. Additionally, this method can be used as a
tool to study mechanisms that influence CPU generation and therefore
could be an interesting tool to investigate the effect of CPU inhibitors
in more detail.
PO220-MON
Cell-Free DNA modulates clot structure and impairs
fibrinolysis in sepsis
Gould TJ, Vu TT, Dwivedi DJ2, Weitz JI2 and Liaw PC2
Faculty of Health Sciences2Department of Medicine, McMaster
Background: Sepsis is a devastating condition characterized by systemic activation of inflammatory and coagulation pathways in
response to microbial infection. Activation of neutrophils with microbial stimuli results in the release of neutrophil extracellular traps
(NETs) comprised of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) that not only serve to
trap pathogens, but also provide a stimulus for clot formation. Furthermore, we have previously identified elevated cfDNA levels to be a
predictor of ICU mortality in septic patients. Though several studies
on the effects of cfDNA and coagulation have been performed, little is
known about the effects of cfDNA on fibrinolysis.
Aims: We have sought to (a) investigate the relationship between elevated cfDNA levels and impaired fibrinolytic activity in sepsis, and;
(b) determine the mechanisms by which cfDNA modulates fibrinolysis.
Methods: Clot formation/lysis assays were performed on plasma from
healthy volunteers and septic patients, as well as purified components.
Coagulation via the intrinsic pathway was initiated by addition of a
15 mM CaCl2 solution containing 1 nM tPA with or without plasminogen/plasmin. Fibrinolytic activity was measured by observing plasma
turbidity at 450 nm.
Results: We observed an increased rate of clot formation and a delay
in clot lysis in septic patient plasmas. In plasmas containing
5 lg mL1 or more cfDNA, there was a complete inhibition of clot
lysis, even after 5 h. Fibrinolytic activity was restored with DNase
treatment. This effect was recapitulated in normal plasmas supplemented with increasing concentrations of purified cfDNA. In addition,
our studies revealed that while cfDNA does not impact tPA-mediated
plasmin generation, increased concentrations of cfDNA impair plasmin-mediated degradation of purified fibrin clots.
Conclusion: Our studies are the first to suggest that cfDNA impairs
fibrinolysis in sepsis by preventing plasmin-mediated cleavage of
fibrin. Our studies identify cfDNA as a potential pro-fibrinolytic therapeutic target in sepsis treatment.
342
ABSTRACTS
PO221-MON
Identification of functional procarboxypeptidase U
(PROCPU, TAFI) in cerebrospinal fluid and its
enhancement in the acute phase of brain injury
Leenaerts D1, Feyen BFE2, Sener S2, Maas AIR2, Sim Y1, Ieven M3,
Lambeir A-M1 and Hendriks D1
1
Wilrijk; 2Department of Neurosurgery; 3Department of
Microbiology, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
Background: Carboxypeptidase U (CPU, CPB2 or TAFIa) is a basic
carboxypeptidase that plays a vital role in fibrinolysis. Previous
research stated that its precursor proCPU is not detectable in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with isolated head trauma and controls. However, nowadays we have the ability to measure proCPU in a
more selective and sensitive way.
Aims: This study aimed to examine the presence of the proCPU in
CSF from patients presenting with brain injury due to blunt trauma
(TBI), subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and controls.
Methods: By using an in-house HPLC-assisted assay, we analyzed
proCPU levels in CSF samples of 11 TBI patients and 19 SAH patients
that were collected over a time-course of 12 days. Individuals (N = 11)
under suspicion of meningitis but wherein biochemical and microbiological tests showed no abnormalities, served as controls.
Results: Low baseline functional proCPU concentrations were present
in CSF of all controls. We found mean proCPU levels of 3.9 1.8
U L1 (in comparison to plasma levels of 993 161 U L1). In TBI
and SAH patients, a pronounced elevation of proCPU (ranging up to
100 U L1) was observed in the hyperacute phase ( 24 h after onset)
of brain injury and these levels declined progressively until normalization. Significant increased (P < 0.05) proCPU levels were observed up
to 72 h after onset in SAH and up to 24 h in TBI.
Conclusion: This finding of the presence of functional proCPU in CSF,
and its enhancement in the acute phase of TBI and SAH, could be of
interest for the better understanding of the hemostatic disturbances
and modulation of the blood-brain-barrier, frequently observed in
these conditions.
PO222-MON
In-vitro imaging of platelet/fibrin clot formation and
lysis in flow condition
Loyau S, Boulaftali Y, Noe BHT and Jandrot-Perrus M
LVTS team-1, Inserm Umrs 1148, PARIS, France
Background: Thrombolytic therapy is of proven and substantial benefit
for patients with acute cerebral ischemia. But the efficacy of the recanalization is variable and efforts are made to improve thrombolytic
agents. However, validated in vitro methods are required to assess the
lytic efficacy of drugs on whole blood clots and under flow conditions.
Aims: To develop an original methodology to evaluate in real time clot
formation and lysis in whole blood and under arterial flow rates.
Methods: To mimic clinical situation, we designed a two-step
approach: (i) Recalcified whole citrated blood supplemented DIOC6labeled platelets and Alexa fluor 647-conjugated human fibrinogen is
recalcified and immediately perfused over collagen (Horm, Nycomed)
and tissue factor (Innovin, Dade) coated flow chambers (Vena8 Fluo+,
Cellix) at a shear rate of 1500 s1. Thrombus formation and growth is
continuously recorded and after 4 min, successive pictures along the
channel are taken. (ii) After focusing on large fibrin(ogen)-rich clots
and a second infusion of citrated blood containing rhodamine 6Glabeled platelets, supplemented with r-tPA and treated or not with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs is performed at the same shear rate.
Real time changes in mean fluorescence of the fibrin(ogen)-rich network as well as of the platelets associated to the clot are measured
allowing to quantify fibrinolysis and platelet behavior.
Results: Data confirm that a therapeutic concentration of r-tPA

(15 lg mL1) significantly decreases the fibrin content of the clots.
However, they reveal that r-tPA does not prevent the accretion of new
platelets on the remnant thrombus. Interestingly, hirudin potentiates
the rate and extent of fibrinolysis without modifying platelet accumulation that is, in contrast, decreased by antiplatelet drugs.
Conclusion: Overall, this in vitro global method allows assessing thrombolysis efficacy.
PO223-MON
PAI-1 regulates fibrin clot stability and lysis
Dassi C1, Fontaine S2, Mathieu O2, Seyve L1, Marlu R1, Polack B1,
Caton F3 and Contant G2
1
Laboratoire Timc-Imag/Therex, Cnrs, Umr5525, Universit
e
Grenoble-Alpes, La Tronche; 2Prospective Research, Diagnostica
eologie et Proc
ed
es,
Stago, Gennevilliers; 3Laboratoire de Rh
CNRS, UMR5520, Universit
e Grenoble-Alpes, Gi
eres, France
Background: Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) plays an
important role in the regulation of fibrinolysis by inhibition of tissuetype (t-PA) plasminogen activator activity. The proteolytic degradation of fibrin clots is mediated by plasmin, resulting from t-PA activity.
Increases of PAI-1 levels are associated with thrombotic diseases and
PAI deficiency with bleeding tendency, but its contribution to the hemorrhagic or thrombotic risk is still unclear.
Aims: We investigated how PAI-1 modulates fibrin structure stability
and lysis by determining the temporal evolution of fibrin nanostructure (1,2).
Methods: Serial dilutions of Tissue Factor (0.5 to 5pM TF) or t-PA (125
to 200 ng mL1) were used in the assay. PAI-1 depleted plasmas were
spiked with serial dilutions (0 to 200 ng mL1) of amiloride or purified
PAI-1. The plasmas, incubated with low TF concentration and t-PA
were triggered by calcium. The number of protofibrils was measured in
real time during 30 min at 37 C on a prototype routine instrument.
Nanostructure parameters were determined according to (2).
Results: Increasing TF accelerated fibrin formation and increased
fibrin stability. Increasing t-PA decreased stability and accelerated clot
lysis. PAI-1 did not modify fibrin formation whatever the concentrations. PAI increased fibrin stability, leading to a high reduction of clot
lysis. It seems to be a potent modulator of clot stability in the assay of
fibrin nanostructure, as it immediately inhibits the [t-PA-fibrin-plasminogen] complex, resulting in decreased generated plasmin.
Conclusion: Our results show that PAI-1 has a major role in regulating
fibrin stability and lysis, which may contribute to enhance the thrombotic or hemorrhagic risk. The fibrin nanostructure temporal profiles
could be a potential determinant of this risk.
(1) Dassi et al. ISTH 2015 (submitted), (2) Yeromonahos et al. Biophysical J. 2010, Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Bio. 2012
PO224-MON
The effect of alpha-2 plasmin inhibitor ARG6TRP
polymorphism on the risk of coronary artery disease
Katona
E1, Orosz A1, Mezei Z1, Balogh L2, Czuriga I2,
Edes I2 and
1
Muszbek L
1
Division of Clinical Laboratory Science; 2Department of
Cardiology, University of Debrecen, Faculty of Medicine,
Debrecen, Hungary
Background: The secreted full-length a2-plasmin ihibitor (Met-a2-PI)
consists of 464 amino acids. In the plasma it undergoes both N- and
ABSTRACTS
C-terminal cleavages, which significantly modify its activities. The
N-terminal cleavage by APCE (a2-antiplazmin cleaving enzyme)
results in 12 amino acids shorter isoform with Asn at the N-terminus (Asn-a2-PI). The ratio of Met-a2-PI:Asn-a2-PI in the plasma is
30:70. Asn-a2-PI isoform is cross-linked more effectively to fibrin achain, than Met-a2-PI by activated FXIII, thereby the alteration of
the ratio of N-terminal isoforms may influence the fibrinolytic resistance of fibrin clot. The Arg6Trp polymorphism in the a2-PI gene
may exert such an effect; as APCE cleaves the Arg6 form 8-fold
faster than the Trp6 form, the Arg allele is associated with higher
Asn1-a2-PI levels.
Aims: The aim of the case-control study was to explore the effect of a2PI Arg6Trp polymorphism on the risk of coronary artery disease
(CAD).
Methods: Eight hundred and forty seven patients admitted for coronary angiography to investigate suspected CAD and 999 individuals
representing the Hungarian population were enrolled in the study.
Patients were classified according to the extent of coronary atherosclerosis (CAS) and history of myocardial infarction (MI). Patients without significant CAS and with no history of MI were considered as
clinical controls. a2-PI Arg6Trp genotype was determined by RT-PCR
using LightCycler 480.
Results: TRP allele frequency in the population control group was
21.5% (31.8% heterozygote, 5.6% homozygote), which showed good
agreement with published allele frequencies. The presence of Trp allele
did not influence the risk of CAS or MI when patient groups were
compared to the clinical control or population control groups. Homozygous Trp6 genotype conferred a decreased, but statistically not significant risk of MI (OR: 0.59; CI: 0.28-1.27; P = 0.176), and the result
needs to be confirmed on larger patient population.
Conclusion: In our study, the Arg6Trp polymorphism had no effect on
the risk of CAD.
PO225-MON
Thrombi formed at low haematocrit are resistant to
fibrinolysis via a factor XIIIA-MEDIATED mechanism
Untiveros P1, Lionikiene A1, Greaves M1, Watson H2 and
Mutch N1
1
School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen;
2
Department of Haematology, NHS Grampian, Aberdeen, UK
Background: Red blood cells (RBCs) have been considered a relatively inert bystander in coagulation and thrombus formation, yet
their sheer abundance in blood means they dominate the resulting
clot.
Aims: To examine the effects of haematocrit (HCT) on coagulation
parameters, clot firmness and resistance to fibrinolysis.
Methods: Whole blood was separated into plasma and RBC constituents by centrifugation. Samples were reconstituted with 35%
platelet rich plasma and RBCs to produce 20%, 40% and 60%
final HCT. Thrombus formation and dissolution were assessed
using Thromboelastography (TEG) and the Chandler Loop
Model.
Results: TEG revealed significantly shorter clot time, clot formation
time and increase in the a-angle at 20% HCT compared to 60%
HCT; indicative of faster clot formation at lower HCT. An increase
in maximum clot firmness was detected at 20% HCT, consistent
with enhanced mechanical stability. Chandler model thrombi
formed with 20% HCT were significantly longer than those formed
at 60% HCT (P < 0.05) and demonstrated increased resistance to
lysis by both tPA (P < 0.005) and uPA (P < 0.005). Inclusion of a
transglutaminase (TG) inhibitor, to inhibit factor XIIIa, significantly increased lysis of 20% HCT thrombi (P < 0.001). Similarly,
the TG inhibitor increased lysis of 40% HCT thrombi (P < 0.01),
343
albeit to a lesser degree, but no change in lysis was observed at

60% HCT (P = 0.113). Interestingly, when the TG inhibitor was
present all thrombi lyse at an equivalent rate, suggesting that inhibition of factor XIIIa overcomes the stabilizing effect of HCT on
lysis.
Conclusion: HCT has a dramatic impact on coagulation parameters,
with lower HCT enhancing clot formation, resulting in thrombi with
increased firmness and resistance to fibrinolysis. Factor XIIIa helps to
maintain thrombus integrity and stabilizes against fibrinolytic degradation at lower HCT, an effect that is lost at higher HCT. These observations may help explain the increased risk of thrombosis in anaemic
patients.
PO226-MON
Impaired fibrinolysis in Behcet syndrome
Silvestri E1, Emmi G1, Cellai AP2, Antonucci E1, Squatrito D1,
Ciucciarelli L1, Cenci C3, Abbate R2, Emmi L3 and Prisco D4
1
Department of Sperimental and Clinical Medicine; 2Department
of Heart and Vessels; 3SOD Interdisciplinary Internal Medicine,
Center for Autoimmune Systemic Diseases Behcet Center and
Lupus Clinic, AOU Careggi; 4SOD Interdisciplinary Internal
Medicine, Center for Autoimmune Systemic Diseases Behcet
Center and Lupus Clinic, Department of Sperimental and Clinical
Medicine, Florence, Italy
Background: Behcet syndrome (BS) is a systemic vasculitis characterised by oral and genital ulcers and uveitis. In addition to this classical
triad, BS may affect every organ and system. Venous involvement with
both deep and superficial thrombosis is the most common vascular
manifestation of BS. The pathogenesis of thrombosis in BS is not well
known. Inflammation seems to be the main trigger of thrombosis in
BS, however different mechanisms by which inflammation is able to
affect endothelial factors, coagulation, and fibrinolytic systems might
contribute to thrombosis.
Aims: Impaired fibrinolytic activity has long been recognized as an
important pathophysiological factor for thrombotic complications in
BS. The aim of this study is to investigate fibrinolytic system alterations in BS patients.
Methods: In 25 patients with BS, and in 75 control subjects matched
for age and sex, two global assays for fibrinolysis were performed: 1Clotting and Lysis assay to study clot formation, morphology and
fibrinolysis (EuroCLOT analysis) (Carter 2007); 2-Clot Lysis Time
(CLT) to study global fibrinolytic capacity (Lisman 2005). In addition,
some fibrinolytic parameters were measured, by using commercially
available ELISA: Thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI),
plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) and Tissue Plasminogen activator (t-PA).
Results: Median TAFI and PAI-1 levels were significantly higher in BS
patients than in healthy subjects (P < 0.001 and P = 0.03 respectively).
Median tPA levels were similar between patients and controls. CLT
tended to be increased in BS patients with respect to the control group
but this difference did not reach a statistical significance. Finally, no
difference was found between the two groups in the parameters of EuroCLOT analysis.
Conclusion: An impaired fibrinolysis is detectable in BS patients with
increased levels of fibrinolysis inhibitors, TAFI and PAI-1, and a trend
to prolongation of CLT. These alterations may contribute to the pathophysiology of thrombosis in BS.
344
ABSTRACTS
PO227-MON
Variable resistance to plasminogen activator initiated
fibrinolysis for intermediate-risk pulmonary embolism
Stubblefield W1, Kline J1 and Rondina M2
1
Emergency Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine,
Indianapolis; 2Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake
City, USA
Background: Optimal dose of plasminogen activating fibrinolytic
agents may depend upon host resistance to fibrinolysis.
Aims: To test plasma from patients with intermediate risk pulmonary
embolism (PE) for degree of resistance to fibrinolysis catalyzed by tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and elucidate the role of plasma proteins.
Methods: Citrated plasma from 76 patients with submassive PE prior
to injection of study drug, was compared with plasma from 20 age and
sex matched patients without PE, as negative controls. Clotting was
induced using CaCl2, tissue factor, and phospholipid. Lysis was
induced using 60 ng mL1 tPA. Time to 50% clot lysis (CLT) was
assessed by both thromboelastography (TEG) and CLT was examined
as a univariate predictor of outcomes, and plasma proteins (fibrinogen, a2-antiplasmin, plasminogen, thrombin activatable fibrinolysis
inhibitor (TAFI), plasminogen activator Inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), and Ddimer) were tested as predictors of CLT in a multivariate model.
Results: Compared with disease-negative controls, patients with PE
exhibited significantly longer mean CLT on TEG (+43 min, 95% CI
23 to 62 min). Patients with PE and a short CLT who were treated
with tenecteplase had increased risk of major or clinically significant
bleeding (odds ratio for CLT < 1st quartile (3,842 s) was 11.6 (95% CI
= 1.6104). The diagnostic accuracy of CLT from TEG for bleeding
had an area under the ROC of 0.711 (95% CI = 0.5260.892; those
with long CLT had significantly worse exercise tolerance and lower
psychometric test scores for quality of life at 3 months. A multivariate
stepwise removal regression model selected for both PAI-1 and TAFI
as predictive factors for prolonged CLT (adjusted R2 = 0.530).
Conclusion: The CLT from TEG predicted increased risk of bleeding
and clinical failure with tenecteplase treatment for intermediate-risk
PE. Plasmatic PAI-1 and TAFI were independent predictors of CLT.
Disclosure of Interest: W. Stubblefield: None declared. J. Kline Shareholder of: CP Diagnostics, Grant/Research Support from: AHRQ,
NIH, Genentech, Pfizer and Octapharma, Consultant for: Genetech,
Stago Diagnostica, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, M. Rondina: None
declared.
Hemophilia Clinical I
PO228-MON
Carrier and prenatal diagnosis of Chinese haemophilia
a families in one center from 2007 TO 2014
PCR and direct DNA sequencing. 7 STR sites related to F8 gene were
combined together to do linkage analysis to confirm the mutation origin. AccuCopy method was used to detect the copy number variations
(CNVs) of the F8 gene to confirm deletions or duplications.
Results: From Sept 2007 to July 2014, we did genetic diagnosis for 821
HA families. Tests showed 301 families were caused by inversions, 278
were INV22 (33.9%) and 23 were INV1(2.8%). For the other inversions negative families, 315 were due to the point mutations including
the splicing mutations (38.4%), 150 were found small deletions/insertions (18.3%), 32 were caused by large deletions(3.9%) and 8 were
caused by duplications (0.9%). After all of the detections, 15 families
were still found no mutations in the F8 gene. Combined with the linkage analysis, we did carrier diagnosis for 1324 females in these families
and detected 838 carriers. For prenatal diagnosis, 189 fetuses were normal, 57 were female carriers and 91 were male patients.
Conclusion: Based on the present methods, we could make carrier and
prenatal diagnosis for about 98% HA families. We can reasonably
suggest that intron 22 and 1 inversions screening, F8 gene sequencing
and CNVs detection combined with the linkage analysis are available
for carrier and prenatal diagnosis in Chinese HA families.
PO229-MON
Genetic alterations in hemophiliac patients with
inhibitor in the region of Murcia, Spain
Garca-Candel F1, Melero-Amor A1,Marn-Atucha N2 and
Romecn P2
1
Hematologa-Hemoterapia, Hospital Clnico Universitario
Virgen De La Arrixaca; 2Fisiologia Humana, Facultad de
Medicina-Univerisidad de Murcia, El Palmar, Spain
Background: The development of inhibitors against factor concentrate administered is the main complication related to the treatment
of Hemophilia today. Its appearance is related, among others, with
certain types of gene mutations affecting the F8/F9, being the main
risk factor in Hemophilia A. In Hemophilia B while not clearly
established the influence of the type of mutation. The large deletions, nonsense mutations and inversion of intron 22 are more
likely to occur, while the missense type, small deletions and insertions have a low risk.
Aims: To determine the incidence and characteristics associated
inhibitors at different mutations in the F8 and F9 genes in our
patients.
Methods: In the Region of Murcia there are 80 patients with hemophilia, of which 65 correspond to Hemophila A and 15 to Hemophilia
B. We studied our population (median of 26 years (range 2-76)) and
identified patients with a history of inhibitor. The genetic study was
performed by PCR.
Results: Are shown in the following table.
Lu Y, Dai J,Ding Q and Wang X

Department Of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated
To Medical College Of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai,
China
Patients with inhibitors

PHemophilia
type
Mutation
Transient Inhibitor
(Yes/No)
Background: Haemophilia A is the most common X-linked inherited

bleeding disorder. The female relatives are at risk of being carriers with
the potential of passing the disorder on to their sons. So detection of
carrier women in HA families and subsequent antenatal diagnosis of
carriers are important for these families.
Aims: In this report, we will introduce the major methods of carrier
and prenatal diagnosis for Chinese HA families in our center.
Methods: APPT, PT, TT, Fg, FVIII:C, FIX:C and VWF:RCo were
detected to make the phenotypic diagnosis of HA. LD-PCR and PCR
were adopted for the screening of the intron 22 and intron 1 inversion
respectively. FVIII coding and boundary sequences were analyzed by
SHA
SHA
SHA
SHA
SHA
SHA
SHA
SHA
p.Pro2153Leu
Inv. intron 22
Inv. intron 22
Inv. intron 22
p.Trp393Stop
Complete deletion of exon 26
Inv. intron 22
p.Trp585Cys
Yes
No
Yes
No
No
No
No
Yes
*SHA: Severe Hemophilia A.
ABSTRACTS
Conclusion: Most high response inhibitors are related to high risk
mutations, but it was a case of transient inhibitor in a case of intron 22
inversion and two cases of high response inhibitor in two cases of missense mutations.
PO230-MON
A retrospective evaluation of bleeding episodes in
patients with haemophilia A, B and Von Willebrands
disease
Ayhan AC1, Timur C2,Avc E2, Ulusoy A2and Yoruk A2
1
Pediatric Hematology; 2Medeniyet University Goztepe
Education And Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
Background: Despite the regular use of factor concentrates and prophylaxis, children with hemophilia A, B and von Willebrands disease
(VWD) still experience severe acute bleeding episodes.
Aims: To determine the frequecy and the most common sites of bleeding episodes of our patients diagnosed with haemophilia A, B and
VWD.
Methods: Medical records of 81 patients who admitted to hospital for
acute bleeding episodes between November 2009 and November 2014
were rewieved retrospectively.
Results: The patients were aged between 1- 24 years. 50 (61.7%) were
diagnosed with haemophilia A, 10 (12.3%) with haemophilia B, 21
(25.9%) with VWD. Three (6%) patients with haemophilia A were
positive for inhibitor.
Patients with haemophilia A admitted to hospital for a total of 1400
episodes. Of these 1176 (83.7%) were hemarthrosis, 89 (6.4%) intramuscular hematoma, 54 (3.9%) oral mucosal bleeding, 50 (3.6%) epistaxis, 25 (1.8%) hematuria, 2 (0.2%) intracranial hemorrhage, 2
(0.2%) splenic hematoma, 1 (0.1%) perisplenic subcapsuler hematoma
and 1 (0.1%) intraabdominal hematoma.
Haemophilia B patients admitted for 197 episodes. 136 (69%)
were hemarthrosis, 28 (14.2%) intramuscular hematoma, 20
(10.2%) epistaxis,11 (5.6%) oral mucosal bleeding, 2 (1%) were
hematuria.
Patients with VWD (10 female, 11 male) admitted for 265 episodes. 74
(27.9%) were epistaxis, 68 (25.7%) menorrhagia, 58 (21.9%) oral
mucosal bleeding, 32 (12%) hemarthrosis, 22 (8.3%) hematuria, and
11(4.2%) intramuscular hematoma.
Conclusion: Hemarthrosis is the most frequent bleeding in children
with hemophilia but these children always have risk of life threatening
bleedings such as intracranial hemorrhage. There is always need for an
effective factor replacement therapy in these children to prevent complications.
PO231-MON
Antibodies of high avidity is the hallmark of severe
hemophilia A patients with FVIII inhibitors
Chaves D1,Silveira ACO2, Ara
ujo HCB1, Ruckert M1 and MartinsFilho OA2
1
rio de
Servico de Pesquisa, Fundac~
ao Hemominas; 2Laborato
stico e Monitorac~
Biomarcadores de Diagno
ao, Centro de
Pesquisa Rene Rachou Fiocruz/MG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
Background: The immune system induces the production of specific
antibodies in response to alloantigens and after several exposures antibodies will generally bind more tightly to the target antigen. The avidity of antibodies against factor VIII (FVIII) has not been studied in
patients with hemophilia A (HA).
345
Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the avidity of anti-FVIII antibodies in HA patients and its association with clinical aspects of the disease.
Methods: We measured the avidity of antibodies anti-FVIII in Brazilian HA patients positive (n = 34; 13 for severe HA and 21 for moderate HA) and negative (n = 22; 7 for severe HA and 15 for moderate
HA) for FVIII inhibitors. Urea treated and untreated plasma samples
were used in ELISA with immobilized plasma derived FVIII to assess
the antibodies avidity. The reactions were revealed using specific antiIgG, anti-IgG1 and anti-IgG4 in a biotin/peroxidase system. The study
was conducted in Fundac~ao Hemominas, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
The recruitment of participants and the methodology of the study were
approved by the Brazilian ethics committees.
Results: The results showed that all patients have antibodies antiFVIII detectable in ELISA with higher OD for IgG4 of patients with
inhibitors (P < 0.01). Primary data showed that avidity of IgG and
IgG1 were independent of HA severity and Bethesda titer. Otherwise,
IgG4 from severe HA patients with inhibitors exhibited high avidity
(P = 0.02). Antibodies from patients with low Bethesda titers
(<5UB mL1) exhibited slightly higher IgG4 avidity when compared
to patients with high Bethesda titers (88.0% vs. 71.3% of avidity
index; P = 0.04).
Conclusion: The clinical effects of anti-FVIII antibodies avidity in HA
are still unknown and more studies will be necessary. Due to its association to HA severity and to the inhibitor titer this parameter could be
useful to monitoring the regular treatment of patients and possible the
success/failure of immune tolerance protocols. Financial support:
Fundac~ao Hemominas, Fapemig, CAPES and CNPq.
PO232-MON
The role of large population-based databases in the
evaluation of safety of bypassing agents in hemophilia
patients with inhibitors
Bykov K1,Bohn RL2, Ewenstein BM3, Avorn J1 and Seeger JD1
1
Medicine, Brigham and Womens Hospital and Harvard Medical
School, Boston; 2Independent Consultant, Waban; 3Research and
Development, Baxter, Westlake Village, USA
Background: Assessing whether the use of bypassing agents in hemophilia patients with inhibitors increases the risk of thromboembolic
events (TEs) is challenging due to the rarity of both hemophilia and
the occurrence of TEs. Administrative databases of healthcare transactions may permit a study under such conditions and reflect the treatments and outcomes as they occur in clinical practice.
Aims: To assess the incidence of TEs following exposure to inhibitor
bypassing agents in hemophilia patients with inhibitors using a Medicaid Analytic Extract (MAX) database.
Methods: Among patients enrolled in Medicaid (20002006, 49 states
and District of Columbia), we identified males with a diagnosis of
hemophilia A or B and a dispensing of either recombinant factor VIIa
(rFVIIa) or activated prothrombin complex concentrate (aPCC).
Patients were followed until death, disenrollment for > 3 months, or
end of study period to measure exposure to bypassing agents and the
occurrence of TEs. Exposure was assessed on an as-treated basis, and
TEs identified through diagnosis codes. Clinical review of chronological listings of claims served to adjudicate the TEs.
Results: A cohort of 408 patients (mean age 11 years) contributed
1,254 person-years (PYs) of observation. There were 5514 aPCC and
8782 rFVIIa dispensings recorded, which corresponded to 405 aPCCexposed and 420 rFVIIa-exposed PYs. Of 21 potential TEs identified,
fewer than 11 were classified as probable cases on adjudication. There
were 12.5 TEs (95% CI: 6.2-22.8) per 1000 PYs exposed to any bypassing agent, 17.3 TEs (95% CI: 7.734.0) per 1000 aPCC PYs and 9.5
TEs (95% CI: 3.222.6) per 1000 rVIIa PYs.
346
ABSTRACTS
Conclusion: The small number of TEs identified underscores the rarity

of this outcome among hemophilia patients with inhibitors. The combination of large size and extensive representation of children make
MAX database useful for studying rare conditions that are prevalent
in children, such as hemophilia.
Disclosure of Interest: K. Bykov Grant/Research Support from: Baxter
Healthcare (to BWH), R. Bohn Consultant for: Baxter (former), B.
Ewenstein Employee of: of Baxter Healthcare, J. Avorn Grant/
Research Support from: Baxter Healthcare (to BWH), J. Seeger
Grant/Research Support from: Baxter Healthcare (to BWH).
PO233-MON
Efficacy of secondary prophylaxis on annual bleeding
ratio (ABR) in adult patients with hemophilia: a single
center observation study in Japan
Fujii T1, Saito S1, Yamasaki N1 and Fujii T2
1
Division of Blood Transfusion, Hiroshima University Hospial;
2
Graduate school of biomedical & health sciences, Hiroshima
University, Hiroshima, Japan
Background: It has been reported that prophylactic infusions of factor
concentrates was very useful to suppress joint bleedings in adult persons with hemophilia. In Japan, secondary prophylaxis as well as primary prophylaxis has become widespread and many severe or
moderate hemophilic patients receive the treatment regardless of age.
Aims: To determine whether secondary prophylaxis in adult patients with
hemophilia is effective or not and clarify their appropriate trough levels
of coagulant factor during the prophylaxis, infusion doses and intervals.
Methods: Patient diaries from persons undergoing home infusion treatment have been collected from 2002 to 2014. Infusion days, dose, reasons of infusion and joint bleeding sites in respective patients were
identified with reference to their diaries. We also assessed coagulant
factor trough levels in the respective patients plasma.
Results: Thirty-one adult patients (A, n = 25; B, n = 6) data was
investigated among the persons who kept their diaries accurately. Only
6 patients (severe hemophilia B, n = 3; moderate hemophilia A, n = 3)
had on-demand treatment. On-demand treatment was replaced to prophylaxis in 18 of the remainder during the observation period. A common prophylactic regimen was twice a week or every 3 days in both
hemophilia A and B. All of them except for 4 who received onceweekly prophylaxis had factor trough levels of >1%. We divided their
data into on-demand-year group (DG) and prophylaxis-year group
(PG). Median annual bleeding ratio (ABR) in DG was statistically
higher than that in PG (15.5 vs. 2.9, P = 0.011). Median ABR in 16
patients whose treatment had changed to prophylaxis was significantly
reduced compared to the previous on-demand treatment periods (from
20.8 to 3.6, P < 0.001). Furthermore, mean ABR even in once-weekly
prophylaxis was reduced to nearly half in comprison with their ondemand treatment periods.
Conclusion: Secondary prophylaxis is effective to reduce ABR of hemophilic patients even though once-weekly prophylactic regimen is
selected.
PO234-MON
Impact of the intrinsic pathway in individual thrombin
generation among hemophilia B patients
Jokela VH1, Jouppila A2 and Lassila R1
1
Coagulation Disorders Unit, Department of Hematology and
Comprehensive Cancer Center, Laboratory Services, Helsinki
University Hospital; 2Helsinki University Central Hospital
Research Institute, Helsinki, Finland
Background: Hemophilia B, an inherited bleeding disorder, is caused
by deficiency of coagulation factor IX (FIX). Global hemostasis assays
show potential to evaluate bleeding tendency and factor replacement

therapy but studies targeting hemophilia B are rare.
Aims: To evaluate treatment response of high dose recombinant FIX
(rFIX) and the role of platelets and corn trypsin inhibitor (CTI) in global assays in hemophilia B.
Methods: Ten moderate and severe hemophilia B patients with
informed consent received 60-100 IU kg1 of rFIX after 72 h washout, approved by local EC. Recovery was evaluated 30 min after infusion both with one stage clotting and chromogenic assay. Thrombin
generation (TG) was observed with calibrated automated thrombogram (CAT) in platelet-poor (PPP) and -rich plasma (PRP)(150*106
platelets mL1) with 1pM tissue factor (TF). Thromboelastometry
(ROTEM) was assessed with INTEM, EXTEM and diluted (1/17000)
TF reagents. Citrate (0.109 M) with and without CTI (50 lg mL1)
were compared for blood collection.
Results: TG parameters were severely and uniformly reduced in PPP at
baseline, varying more in PRP. FIX recovery was evident and TG correlated with FIX levels both in PPP and PRP; in PRP better with chromogenic than clotting assay. CTI delayed and decreased peak
thrombin, but individual sensitivity to CTI varied especially in PRP
(no change vs. >50% decrease) both at baseline and recovery. CTI
impaired correlation between TG and FIX in PPP and PRP. Baseline
INTEM was within reference in 4/10 patients, but infusion shortened
clotting time (CT) in all, whereas EXTEM remained normal also at
recovery. Diluted TF-method detected the dose response. CTI did not
affect EXTEM, but prolonged CT with diluted TF.
Conclusion: Global assays can be used in treatment evaluation in
hemophilia B with careful validation. ROTEM standard reagents fail
to detect FIX deficiency and EXTEM also the recovery. CTI impairs
TG individually in PRP, suggesting early hemostatic role of the intrinsic pathway.
Disclosure of Interest: V. Jokela: None declared, A. Jouppila: None
declared, R. Lassila Consultant for: Astra Zeneca, Bayer, Boehringer
Ingelheim, CSL Behring, the Medicines Company, Novo Nordisk,
Pfizer.
PO235-MON
Safety and efficacy of recombinant factor VIII FC fusion
protein (RFVIIIFC) for the prevention and treatment of
bleeding in previously-treated adult and adolescent
subjects with hemophilia A: interim analysis of the
aspire study
Jackson S1, Perry D2, Quon D3, Chowdary P4, Shapiro A5,
Pabinger I6, Santagostino E7, Li X8, Glazebrook DV8 and
Allen GA8
1
St Pauls Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada;
2
Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, UK; 3Orthopaedic
Hemophilia Treatment Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; 4KD
Haemophilia Centre and Thrombosis Unit, Royal Free Hospital,
London, UK; 5Indiana Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center,
Indianapolis, IN, USA; 6Medizinsche Universitat Wien, Vienna,
Austria; 7IRCCS Ca Granda Foundation, Maggiore Hospital
Policlinico, Milan, Italy; 8Biogen Idec, Cambridge, MA, USA
Background: The safety and efficacy of rFVIIIFc for the prevention
and treatment of bleeding episodes in adults and adolescents with
severe hemophilia A were shown in the phase 3 A-LONG study. Subjects who completed the A-LONG study could enroll in the extension
study, ASPIRE.
Aims: To report interim data for the prevention and treatment of
bleeding episodes in adults and adolescents in ASPIRE.
Methods: ASPIRE included 4 groups: individualized prophylaxis (IP;
2565 IU kg1 every 35 days, or 2x/ week [2065 IU kg1 Day 1;
4065 IU kg1 Day 4]), weekly prophylaxis (WP; 65 IU kg1 every 7
ABSTRACTS
days), modified prophylaxis (MP; if optimal dosing could not be
achieved with IP or WP), and episodic treatment (ET). Subjects could
change groups at any time; thus, a subject could be represented in
more than 1 group.
Results: In total, 140/150 (93.3%) A-LONG subjects who enrolled in
ASPIRE remained on study as of the interim data cut (median time on
ASPIRE, 80.9 week). No inhibitors were observed; adverse events
were typical for a hemophilia A population. The median (interquartile
range [IQR]) annualized bleeding rates (ABRs) in each group were: IP
(n = 108), 0.66 (0.00, 2.63); WP (n = 27), 2.03 (0.60, 4.39); MP
(n = 17), 1.97 (0.96, 7.03); ET (n = 14), 18.36 (10.45, 30.46). For subjects using IP, WP, and MP, 39%, 22%, and 24%, respectively, had
no bleeding episodes with rFVIIIFc prophylaxis. Overall, types and
locations of bleeding episodes were as follows: 62% spontaneous, 37%
traumatic, 1% unknown; and 67% joint, 25% muscle, 5% skin/
mucosa, 2% internal, <1% unknown. In total, 91% of bleeding episodes resolved with 1 rFVIIIFc injection (97% with 2 injections). The
median (IQR) average dose/injection utilized for a bleed in each group
was: IP, 46.9 IU kg1 (26.9, 51.5); WP, 33.2 IU kg1 (26.7, 50.9);
MP, 34.2 IU kg1 (29.5, 39.0); ET, 26.9 IU kg1 (25.0, 31.3).
Conclusion: ASPIRE interim data confirm results from A-LONG,
demonstrating effective control of bleeding and maintenance of low
ABR with rFVIIIFc prophylaxis.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Jackson Grant/Research Support from: Pfizer
and Baxter, Consultant for: Baxter and Biogen Idec, D. Perry Grant/
Research Support from: Biogen Idec, Consultant for: Biogen Idec, D.
Quon Consultant for: Baxter, Bayer, and Octapharma, Speaker
Bureau of: Baxter, Biogen Idec, Grifols, and Novo Nordisk, P. Chowdary Grant/Research Support from: CSL Behring, Novo Nordisk, and
Pfizer, Consultant for: Biogen Idec, Baxter, Pfizer, CSL Behring, and
Novo Nordisk, Speaker Bureau of: Biogen Idec, Baxter, Pfizer, CSL
Behring, and Novo Nordisk, A. Shapiro Consultant for: Baxter, Novo
Nordisk, and LFB Biotechnologies, I. Pabinger Grant/Research Support from: CSL Behring, Consultant for: CSL Behring, and Pfizer,
Speaker Bureau of: Bayer, Pfizer, CSL Behring, and Biotest, E. Santagostino Grant/Research Support from: Novo Nordisk and Pfizer,
Consultant for: Bayer, Pfizer, CSL Behring, Novo Nordisk, Grifols,
and Roche, Speaker Bureau of: Bayer, Baxter, Pfizer, CSL Behring,
Novo Nordisk, Biotest, Kedrion, Octapharma, and Grifols, X. Li
Shareholder of: Biogen Idec, Employee of: Biogen Idec, D. Glazebrook Shareholder of: Biogen Idec, Employee of: Biogen Idec, G.
Allen Shareholder of: Biogen Idec, Employee of: Biogen Idec.
PO236-MON
New antiviral treatment of HCV infected young
haemophiliacs expectations to cure hepatitis C
Koehler-Vajta K1, Denk G2 and Wettstein M3
1
Paediatric practice, Haemophilia center, Gruenwald; 2Leber
Centrum M
unchen, Klinikum der Universit
at M
unchen,
nchen; 3I Medical Clinic, Unversity Passau, Passau, Germany
Mu
Background: New possibilities to cure hepatitis C.
Aims: Aim of the study is the long term observation of hepatitis C
infected haemophiliacs and the effectiveness of the antiviral therapy.
Methods: Materials: 16 hepatitis C infected young adults were
observed in our study, 6 of them more then 15 years. We report about
the treatment by different therapeutic regimen acc. to the current
development of the HCV-treatment experience. All our 16 patients
carried the HC-virus and are HIV negative. HCV genotype was Simmonds 1b/Okamoto II.
Therapy: 1. Interferon (3 million units 3 times weekly) (1993).
2. Interferon + ribavirin (8001200 mg day1) (1997).
3. PegIntron 1.5 lg kg1 BW. once per week + ribavirin for 48 weeks
(2003).
4. Triple combination therapy with protease inhibitor (2011).
5. Nucleotid analog polymerase inhibitor sofosbuvir in double combination therapy (2014).
347
Results: Two patients underwent liver transplant after unsuccessful

treatment efforts.
Another patients treatment had to be stopped after 6 months (2). Two
patients had 48 weeks of combination therapy (3), but had a relapse.Only one patient could be successfully treated with combination
therapy (3)0.4.: Triple combination therapy (PegIntron, ribavirin and
protease inhibitors boceprevir and telaprevir) used since 2011 was not
applied.
5.: New combination therapy with sofosbuvir*, a nucleotid analog
polymerase inhibitor.
- Sofosbuvir + Ledipasvir (Harvoni 400 mg 90 mg1), 1 tablet daily
for 12 weeks.
-Sofosbuvir (Sovaldi 400 mg) and Daclatasvir (Daclinza 60 mg), 1 1
tabl. Daily for 12 weeks.
Early studies show a virological response rate up to 100% in HCV
infected patients. Our patients had no measurable HCV-PCR-RNA
under the treatment.
Conclusion: Since 2014 new treatments show an increasing effectivity
against HCV infection which means pecially for genotype 1b a new
hope for cure of HCV infection.
*Sofosbuvir: HCV-NS5B inhibitor Daclatasvir inhibits the virus RNA
replication and HCV-NS5A inhibitor Ledipasvir.
PO237-MON
Analysis of bleeding rates in pediatric subjects with
target joints and severe hemophilia A receiving
prophylaxis with recombinant factor viii fc fusion
protein (RFVIIIFC) in kids a-long
Nolan B1, Young G2, Rangarajan S3, Wang M4, Kerlin BA5,
Leung A6, Tsao E7, Glazebrook DV7, Pierce GF7 and Allen G7
1
Our Ladys Childrens Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; 2Childrens
Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; 3Basingstoke &
North Hampshire Hospitals, Basingstoke, UK; 4University of
Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA; 5Nationwide Childrens Hospital,
Columbus, OH, USA; 6The Chinese University of Hong Kong,
Shatin, Hong Kong; 7Biogen Idec, Cambridge, MA, USA
Background: rFVIIIFc was safe and efficacious for the control and
prevention of bleeding in pediatric subjects with severe hemophilia A
in the phase 3 Kids A-LONG study.
Aims: To assess bleeding frequency in Kids A-LONG subjects with
target joints (major joint with 3 bleeding episodes in a 6-month period) at baseline.
Methods: Kids A-LONG subjects were previously treated males aged
<12 y with severe hemophilia A (<1 IU dL1 [<1%] endogenous
FVIII). All subjects received rFVIIIFc prophylaxis 2x/week
(25 IU kg1 Day 1 and 50 IU kg1 Day 4 initially, with adjustment if
needed). Pre- and on-study bleeding rates were assessed.
Results: Thirteen subjects in Kids A-LONG had 1 target joint at baseline
and 56 did not (median [interquartile range (IQR)] age, 6.0 y [5.0, 8.0] and
5.0 y [4.0, 8.0], respectively). Pre-study episodic therapy tended to be more
common in subjects with target joints than without target joints (23.1% vs.
7.1%; P=NS). 11 subjects had 1 target joint; 2 subjects each had 2 target
joints. The median (IQR) estimated number of bleeding episodes in the
12 months prior to study and on-study annualized bleeding rate (ABR)
for subjects with target joints were 8.0 (4.0, 11.0) and 0.0 (0.0, 5.8); those
for subjects without target joints were 2.0 (1.0, 4.0) and 2.0 (0.0, 3.9). For
subjects aged <6 y with target joints (n = 6), pre- and on-study median
(IQR) ABR were 6.0 (1.0, 8.0) and 2.8 (0.0, 6.0), respectively; those for subjects aged 6 to <12 y with target joints (n = 7) were 11.0 (5.0, 15.0) and 0.0
(0.0, 5.8), respectively. Twelve of 13 subjects with target joints at baseline
did not continue to meet the pre-specified definition for target joints while
on rFVIIIFc prophylaxis (7 subjects did not have target joint rebleeding
on-study). No new target joints developed in any subjects.
348
ABSTRACTS
Conclusion: For subjects with severe hemophilia A and target joints,

rFVIIIFc prophylaxis resulted in lower bleeding rates vs. pre-study
FVIII treatment. No new target joints developed in this study.
Disclosure of Interest: B. Nolan Grant/Research Support from: Biogen
Idec, G. Young Consultant for: Novo Nordisk, Biogen Idec, Baxter,
Kedrion, and Bayer, Speaker Bureau of: Novo Nordisk and Biogen Idec,
S. Rangarajan Grant/Research Support from: Pfizer, Grifols, and Baxter,
Consultant for: Grifols and Biogen Idec, M. Wang Consultant for: Novo
Nordisk, Biogen Idec, Baxter, and CSL Behring, B. Kerlin Consultant
for: Novo Nordisk and Bayer, Speaker Bureau of: Novo Nordisk, Bayer,
and rEVO, A. Leung Grant/Research Support from: Biogen Idec, E.
Tsao Shareholder of: Biogen Idec, Employee of: Biogen Idec, D. Glazebrook Shareholder of: Biogen Idec, Employee of: Biogen Idec, G. Pierce
Shareholder of: Biogen Idec, Employee of: Former employee of Biogen
Idec, G. Allen Shareholder of: Biogen Idec, Employee of: Biogen Idec.
PO238-MON
Burden of illness among persons with hemophilia B:
direct and indirect costs
Chen CX1, Baker JR2,3, Konkle BA4,5, Ullman M6, Kulkarni R7,
Hord J8, Lou M1 and Nichol MB1
1
University Of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; 2The Center
for Comprehensive Care & Diagnosis of Inherited Blood
Disorders, Orange, CA; 3University of California Los Angeles, Los
Angeles, CA; 4University of Washington; 5Puget Sound Blood
Center, Seattle, WA; 6Gulf States Hemophilia & Thrombophilia
Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston,
Houston, TX; 7Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI;
8
Akron Childrens Hospital Medical Center, Akron, OH, USA
Background: Hemophilia poses large economic burdens, but costs specific to Hemophilia B are rarely examined separately from those specific to Hemophilia A and thus poorly understood.
Aims: To evaluate direct and indirect costs among persons with Hemophilia B in the USA by severity and treatment patterns.
Methods: Between 2009 and 2014, the Hemophilia Utilization Group
Studies Part Vb (HUGS Vb) collected observational data from ten
Hemophilia Treatment Centers (HTCs). Adult patients or parents of
children with hemophilia B completed an initial survey assessing sociodemographics, clinical characteristics, and treatment patterns. Over
2 years, work absenteeism, underemployment due to hemophilia, and
unpaid hemophilia-related caregiver time were recorded every
3 months to estimate indirect costs, using the human capital approach.
Direct costs were estimated using 1-year healthcare utilization and 2year drug dispensing records. All costs were annualized and converted
to 2014 US dollars.
Results: One twenty one of 148 participants who had drug dispensing
and healthcare utilization records and at least one follow-up survey
were included. Prophylaxis was used by 4.8% of 62 patients with mild
or moderate hemophilia and by 54% of 59 severe patients. Total mean
annual direct and indirect per-person costs were $79 495 for mild/
moderate, $204 692 for severe, and $140 542 for all patients combined.
Severe patients had statistically significantly higher direct and indirect
costs compared with mild/moderate patients. Prophylaxis compared
to episodic treatment was associated with lower mean indirect costs
within severity class (mild/moderate: $922 vs.. $4090; severe: $6093 vs.
$11 787), and higher mean factor costs [mild/moderate: $143 062 vs.
$71 219; severe (P-value 0.0051): $271 209 vs. $103 568].
Conclusion: Hemophilia B is associated with large direct and indirect
economic burdens, as factor cost drives the high total expenditures.
Within all severities, prophylaxis lowers indirect costs but raises factor
costs.
PO239-MON
Treatment of bleeding with recombinant factor VIII FC
fusion protein in previously-treated pediatric subjects
with hemophilia A in the phase 3 kids a-long study
Chalmers E1, Young G2, Mahlangu J3, Recht M4, Geddis AE5,
Alamelu J6, Gambino G7, Pierce GF7 and Allen G7
1
Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Glasgow, UK; 2Childrens
Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; 3University of the
Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; 4The Hemophilia
Center at Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR;
5
Rady Childrens Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA; 6Guys and St
Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; 7Biogen Idec,
Cambridge, MA, USA
Background: In the phase 3 Kids A-LONG study, recombinant factor
VIII Fc fusion protein (rFVIIIFc) was safe and efficacious for the control and prevention of bleeding episodes in previously-treated pediatric
subjects with hemophilia A.
Aims: To describe in greater detail the efficacy of rFVIIIFc for the
treatment of bleeding episodes in Kids A-LONG.
Methods: Subjects eligible for Kids A-LONG were previously-treated
males aged <12 y with severe hemophilia A (<1 IU dL1 [<1%] endogenous FVIII) and no history of inhibitors. rFVIIIFc was administered
prophylactically. For treatment of bleeding, the dose of rFVIIIFc was
based on the subjects known pharmacokinetic information and type
and severity of the bleeding event. Key outcomes included number of
injections, dose/injection, total dose, and subjects/physicians assessment of response to treatment of bleeding.
Results: In total, 71 subjects enrolled in Kids A-LONG; of these, 69
were treated with rFVIIIFc. Eighty-six bleeding episodes were
reported. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) annualized bleeding
rate was 1.96 (0.00, 3.96); 81.4% of bleeding episodes were controlled
with 1 rFVIIIFc injection (93.0% with 2 injections). Per bleeding episode, the median (range) dose/injection required for bleeding resolution was 49.69 IU kg1 (13.9, 91.3) and the median (range) total dose
was 54.90 IU kg1 (13.9, 200.0). For bleeding episodes requiring >1
injection, the median (IQR) time between the first and second injections was 23.88 h (16.08, 25.10). Subjects rated 92.6% of first injections (89.4% of all injections) to treat a bleeding episode as producing
an excellent or good response. Physicians global assessment of
response to rFVIIIFc treatment was excellent or effective for 100% of
subjects at study end.
Conclusion: Bleeding episodes were rare with rFVIIIFc prophylaxis
in Kids A-LONG. rFVIIIFc was safe and efficacious for the treatment of bleeding in previously-treated pediatric subjects with hemophilia A.
Disclosure of Interest: E. Chalmers Grant/Research Support from:
Baxter and Novo Nordisk, Speaker Bureau of: Baxter and Novo Nordisk, G. Young Consultant for: Novo Nordisk, Biogen Idec, Baxter,
and Kedrion, Speaker Bureau of: Novo Nordisk and Biogen Idec, J.
Mahlangu Grant/Research Support from: Bayer, Biogen Idec, Novo
Nordisk, and Inspiration Biopharmaceuticals, Consultant for: Amgen,
Bayer, Novo Nordisk, and Pfizer, Speaker Bureau of: Bayer and Novo
Nordisk, M. Recht Consultant for: Kedrion and Novo Nordisk, A.
Geddis: None declared, J. Alamelu: None declared, G. Gambino
Shareholder of: Biogen Idec, Employee of: Former employee of Biogen Idec, G. Allen Shareholder of: Biogen Idec, Employee of: Biogen
Idec.
ABSTRACTS
PO240-MON
Acute effects of exercise on specific and global
coagulation parameters in severe hemophilia A
Zetterberg E1, Olsson HE1, Susanna L1, Thorsson O2 and
Berntorp E1
1
Translational Medicine; 2Unit of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear
,
Medicine, Skane University hospital, Lund University, Malmo
Sweden
Background: It has previously been shown that exercise increases the
coagulation capacity of healthy subjects and in patients with mild and
moderate hemophilia A significant increases in FVIII: C and VWF
activity have been seen. However, there is no available data on how
the global coagulation activity in patients with severe hemophilia A is
affected by exercise.
Aims: To study the effect of maximal exercise on global coagulation
and individual coagulation factors in patients with severe hemophilia
A and healthy controls.
Methods: Four patients with severe hemophilia A and 5 age matched
controls performed a maximal exercise test on a bicycle ergometer.
Blood samples were taken at 5 time points: during rest, 10 min, 1 h
and 4 h after exercise. Global coagulation tests (thrombelastography
and thrombin generation) as well as levels of FVIII: C and VWF activity were measured in both patients and controls. Levels of additional
pro-and anticoagulant factors were only measured in controls.
Results: In the control group, values of thrombelastography and
thrombin generation parameters indicated an increased coagulation
capacity. Furthermore there was an increased activity of all pro-coagulant factors. In patients, the results of thrombelastography and thrombin generation assay indicated a decreased coagulation capacity after
exercise. As expected, no changes of FVIII: C were seen, but VWF: Ag
and activity increased over time.
Conclusion: Our data demonstrated a decreased coagulation capacity
in patients with severe hemophilia. However, in the patient group there
was an increase in VWF: Ag and VWF activity over time. We speculate that this increase in VWF activity will prolong the half-life of factor VIII concentrate given before exercise, a hypothesis that will be
addressed in coming studies.
Disclosure of Interest: E. Zetterberg Grant/Research Support from:
Baxter, Novo Nordisk, H. Ek Olsson: None declared, L. Susanna:
None declared, O. Thorsson: None declared, E. Berntorp Grant/
Research Support from: Baxter, Novo Nordisk.
PO241-MON
First prospective results of joint distraction in
haemophilic ankle arthropathy
van Vulpen LFD1,2, Vogely HCh3, Roosendaal G1, de Kleijn P1,
van Roermund PM3, Mastbergen SC2, Lafeber FPJG2 and
Schutgens REG1
1
Van Creveldkliniek; 2Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology;
3
Orthopaedic Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht,
Utrecht, Netherlands
Background: In haemophilia nowadays most bleedings occur in the
ankle, and joint fusion is often necessary already at a young age. Joint
distraction, an effective treatment in ankle osteoarthritis, is an attractive alternative and preserves joint motion. Earlier, we reported good
clinical and structural efficacy in a retrospective evaluation of 3 haemophilia patients.
Aims: To gather prospective data on clinical effectiveness and tissue
structure changes of ankle joint distraction in haemophilic arthropathy.
Methods: Haemophilia patients (18 and <45 years) with severe complaints of arthropathy in the tibiotalar joint, insufficiently responding
349
to conservative treatment, were eligible. Informed consent was

obtained prior to inclusion and the study was approved by the local
medical ethics committee. Joint distraction was performed for
10 weeks. Clinical effectiveness was evaluated via questionnaires and
physical examination at baseline, 6 and 12 months. Functional tests,
X-ray and MRI examination were performed at baseline and 1-year
follow-up.
Results: In 3 patients, 12 months follow-up is available (age at time of
surgery 2233 years). Pain decreased from 65 (4776)mm at baseline
to 9 (784)mm and 12 (143)mm at 6 and 12 months follow-up. Selfperceived functionality, measured by the Haemophilia Activities List
and Ankle Osteoarthritis Scale, improved in 2 patients at 6 months,
and in all at 12 months. Functional tests improved in all patients at 1year follow up. MRI revealed a clear decrease in volume of subchondral cysts and bone edema in all, and slight improvement of joint space
width in one patient.
Conclusion: This first prospective study investigating the efficacy of
joint distraction in haemophilic ankle arthropathy, showed clear clinical and structural improvement in all patients at 1 year follow-up.
Although preliminary, these data indicate that joint distraction may be
a promising treatment postponing more rigorous surgery like ankle
arthrodesis in those patients not benefitting from conservative therapy.
PO242-MON
Initial results of a clinical trial evaluating a full-length
pegylated recombinant factor viii with extended halflife for the perioperative control of hemostasis in
hemophilia A
Brand B1, Gruppo R2, Wynn TT3, Griskevicius L4,
Fernandez MFL5, Greblikas F6, Dvorak T7, Patrone L6,
Fuerlinger M7 and Abbuehl BE7
1
Universitaetsspital Zuerich, Zuerich, Switzerland; 2Cincinnati
Childrens Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati; 3University of
Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, USA; 4Vilnius
University Hospital Santariskiu Klinikos, Vilnius, Lithuania;
5
~a, A Corun
~a, Spain;
Complejo Hospitalario Universitario A Corun
6
Baxter Healthcare Corporation, Westlake Village, USA; 7Baxter
Background: BAX 855 is a PEGylated full-length recombinant factor
VIII built on ADVATE with an extended half-life. BAX 855 demonstrated efficacy and safety in prophylaxis and the treatment of bleeding
episodes in previously treated patients with severe hemophilia A.
(Konkle et al, Haemophilia, 2015 EAHAD Congress)
Aims: This phase 3 surgery study is evaluating the efficacy and safety
of BAX 855 for perioperative control of hemostasis.
Methods: Patients informed consent and appropriate ethics committee
approvals were obtained. Elective procedures were prospectively classified (major or minor) by the investigator/surgeon; major emergency
surgeries were excluded. The dose and frequency of BAX 855 administered perioperatively was guided by each patients pharmacokinetic
profile for major procedures or BAX 855 incremental recovery for
minor procedures. Subjects participated until discharge or upon
resuming pre-study treatment regimens.
Results: To date, 15 male patients ranging from 19 to 52 years of age
have undergone 15 procedures in 7 countries. Ten patients were nave
to BAX 855 and 5 had participated in the BAX 855 pivotal study. Of
the procedures, 11 were classified as major and 4 were minor. Most (7)
procedures were orthopedic (6 were major) and 4 were dental (3 were
major). The remaining 4 were major cardiovascular, major abdominal,
minor endoscopy, and minor dermatological procedures. The intraoperative efficacy of BAX 855 to provide hemostatic control was rated
350
ABSTRACTS
by the operating surgeon as excellent for all 15 procedures. No factor VIII inhibitors have been reported and no new safety issues have
been identified.
Conclusion: These preliminary results suggest that BAX 855 is safe
and efficacious for the perioperative control of hemostasis in patients
with severe hemophilia A. Results from the remaining procedures will
confirm this profile.
Disclosure of Interest: B. Brand Grant/Research Support from: Baxter,
R. Gruppo Grant/Research Support from: Baxter, Consultant for:
Baxter, Pfizer, NovoNordisk, Speaker Bureau of: Alexion, T. Wynn
Grant/Research Support from: Baxter, L. Griskevicius Grant/
Research Support from: Baxter, M. F. Lopez Fernandez Grant/
Research Support from: Baxter, F. Greblikas Shareholder of: Baxter,
Employee of: Baxter, T. Dvorak Shareholder of: Baxter, Employee of:
Baxter, L. Patrone Shareholder of: Baxter, Employee of: Baxter, M.
Fuerlinger Shareholder of: Baxter, Employee of: Baxter, B. Abbuehl
Shareholder of: Baxter, Employee of: Baxter.
PO243-MON
Evaluation of joint damage in boys with hemophilic
arthropathty by ultrasonography and biomarker of
cartilage turnover urinary C terminal telopeptide of
type II collagen (U-CTX-II)
Hassab H1, El-Gendy W2, EL-Noueam K3, Ghani HAE4 and
Abdallah N1
1
Pediatrics; 2Clinical & Chemical pathology; 3Radio Diagnosis;
4
Physical Medicine, Reumatology and Rehabilitation, Faculty Of
Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
Background: Arthropathy is a frequent and serious complication of
repeated joint bleeding in patients with hemophilia, resulting in pain,
deformity, and disability. Some biomarkers such as U-CTX-II appear
to correlate with severity of joint degeneration.
Aims: The aim of the study was to evaluate joint damage in boys with
hemophilia using ultrasonography (U/S), and to estimate biomarker
of cartilage turnover U-CTX-II to determine its relation to the degree
of hemophilic arthropathy (HA).
Methods: The study was carried out on Group I: thirty boys with
hemophilia with a history of previous joint bleed, their age ranged
from 6 to 15 years. Group II: Ten healthy children as controls with
matched age and sex. An informed consent was obtained. The study
was approved by the Local Medical Ethics Committee. Clinical assessment of the most affected or target joint using WFH clinical (Gilbert)
score. U/S with concomitant radiological Pettersson scoring system to
reveal the capacity of U/S in detecting osteochondral changes of HA.
Estimation of U-CTX-II by ELISA.
Results: All patients were receiving on demand replacement therapy
using plasma derived Factor concentrate or fresh frozen plasma
according to availability. Fifteen patients (50%) had severe. Hemophilia, 7 (23.3%) had moderate and 8(26.72%) had mild hemophilia
U-CTX-II level was significantly higher in group I than in group II P
= 0.047. There were positive correlations between Gilbert score with
U/S score (P = 0.005) and U-CTX-II (P = 0.001). There was positive
correlation between the U/S score and U-CTX-II (P = 0.001). There
was no statistical significant difference between U/S and plain X-ray
as regard osteochondral change.
Conclusions: U/S is non-invasive tool that helps in diagnosis of early
stages of HA. U-CTX-II is a good indicator of the severity or even
progression of joint damage in HA. It is associated with the burden of
joint destruction; elevated level is highly correlated with radiographic
progression.
PO244-MON
Systematic monitoring of hemostatic management in
hemophilia A patients with inhibitor in the
perioperative period using rotational
thromboelastometry
Furukawa S, Nogami K, Ogiwara K, Minami H and Shima M
Background: The management of hemophilia (H)A patients with inhibitors on bypassing therapy remains challenging. Accurate monitoring
of these patients is particularly important in surgical situations. The
recently developed comprehensive coagulation assays would be useful
in these circumstances.
Aims: We have attempted to establish a systematic monitoring protocol using rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) to evaluate choice
and effectiveness of different bypassing agents in the perioperative period.
Methods: The hemostatic effects of recombinant FVIIa (rFVIIa) and
activated prothrombin complex concentrates (aPCC) were determined
by ROTEM using a 3-step procedure (spike, preoperative, and perioperative) in eight patients with HA inhibitor (10484 BU) admitted for
elective surgery and assessed for individually tailored therapy. The
ROTEM parameters, clot time (CT) and clot formation time (CFT),
were evaluated in these assessments.
Results: In spike assessment, the ROTEM parameters demonstrated
improvement to approximately normal levels with rFVIIa, although
significantly shortened with aPCC in all cases. Pre-operative assessment was evaluated the effectiveness by infusion of each agent
which doses were chosen by reference from spike date. The ROTEM parameters returned to normal levels in seven out of eight
cases treated with rFVIIa, and five out of six cases with aPCC. In
peri-operative assessment, patients were treated with appropriate
agent and chosen dose according to the results of previous assessments, and ROTEM was performed immediately prior to each surgery. One case treated with aPCC and other seven cases treated
with rVIIa. In all cases, both of the parameters shortened enough
after administration of the bypassing products and blood loss of
surgery was minimal.
Conclusion: These findings demonstrated that this systematic analysis
using ROTEM could provide a promising strategy for the use of
bypassing therapy during surgery for HA patients with inhibitor.
PO245-MON
Symptomatic female hemophilia seen in Taiwan
Shen M-C1, Chen M2,Chang S-P2, Tsai W3,Lin C-Y4, Lin S-Y4 and
on behalf of coagulation research team at Changhua Christian
Hospital
1
Department of Internal medicine, National Taiwan University
Hospital, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua Christian
Hospital; 2Department of Genomic Medicine, Changhua
Christian Hospital, Changhua City; 3Department of Internal
medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Changhua
Christian Hospital, Taipei; 4Department of Internal medicine,
Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua City, Taiwan
Background: Symptomatic female hemophilia (H) is a rare and well
documented disoder. No patients were reported in Taiwan before.
Aims: We report 3 patients of female HA and one patient of female
HB. Informed consents were obtained.
Methods: HA and HB were diagnosed routinely. All exons and junctions of factor (F) VIII and FIX gene were amplified and sequenced.
Multiplex ligation dependent probe amplification (MLPA) was used to
detect large deletion in the FVIII gene. The methylation status of the
ABSTRACTS
androgen receptor locus was examined to determine the X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) pattern.
Results: Patients I, II, III and IV were found to have severe HA
(FVIII:C < 1%), moderate HA (FVIII:C 4.6%), severe HA (FVIII:
C < 1%) and severe HB (FIX:C < 1%), at their age of 3,4 (year),2
(day) and 25 (year), respectively. FVIII inhibitor was first detected in
patient III at her age of 8. Cytogenetic analysis in patient III showed a
chromosomal structural abnomality with 45X[22]/46X, idic (X) (q21)
[8] Turners mosaism. Patient III has short stature, small breasts and
underdeveloped genital organs, consistent with Turners syndrome. A
heterozygous Arg2228Gln transversion in FVIII gene, a heterozygous
Ser1605Stop mutation in FVIII gene and a heterozygous Cys178Arg
transversion in FIX gene were identified in patients I, II and IV,
respectively. The mother of patient I was a carrier. MLPA analysis
identified two large deletions of exon 1-22 and exon 1-26 of FVIII gene
in patient III. Her mother had a heterozygous deletion of exon 1-22. A
highly skewed ratio of 0:100 of XCI was noted in patients I and IV.
XCI analysis was uninformative in patient II. A 50:50 ratio of XCI
pattern was found in mothers of patients I, II and IV.
Conclusion: We report 2 female HA patients and one female HB
patient, all 3 being identified as heterozygous carriers most likely with
extreme lyonization, and one lady of severe HA who had chromosomal abnormalities associated with Turners syndrome and a carrier
mother.
PO246-MON
No relation between platelet activity and hemophilia B
phenotype
Schutgens RE 1, van Bladel ER1, Fischer K1, Roest M2 and
Urbanus RT2
1
Van Creveldkliniek/ Hematology; 2Clinical Chemistry and
Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht,
Netherlands
Background: In hemophilia, unravelling the mechanisms behind interindividual variability in bleeding tendency remains a big challenge.
Hemophilia patients are classified according to their coagulation factor levels in mild, moderate and severe categories. However, coagulation factor levels do not always predict bleeding phenotype, as a
substantial number of patients with severe hemophilia displays a mild
phenotype.
Aims: Here we aimed to find parameters that contribute to individual
hemostatic phenotypes in hemophilia B by comparing platelet activation and platelet responsiveness in hemophilia B patients to healthy
controls and relating these to the clinical phenotype of the individual
patients with severe hemophilia B.
Methods: Platelet reactivity was assessed in 12 healthy controls and 31
patients with hemophilia B (19 severe and 12 non-severe) through
analysis of platelet P-selectin expression and aIIbb3 activation after
stimulation with platelet agonists. Plasma markers of systemic platelet
activation were determined with ELISA.
Results: There was no difference in plasma levels of platelet release
products b-thromboglobulin and RANTES or activation marker soluble P-selectin between controls and hemophilia patients, indicating
there is no systemic platelet activation in hemophilia B. The response
of platelets from hemophilia B to stimulation of the ADP-, thrombin-,
collagen-, or thromboxane pathway did not differ from that of healthy
controls. In the 19 patients with severe hemophilia, there was no relation between platelet activation or responsiveness and annual FIX
consumption.
Conclusion: With the currently used platelet function analysis, we are
not able to predict bleeding phenotype in hemophilia B.
351
PO247-MON
Outcome of long term plasma derived FVIII
concentrate Fanhdi use in the mature haemophilia
population
Luo P-L1, Rangarajan S2, Pink R3 and Austin S4
1
Department of Haematology, St Georges Medical School;
2
Haematology, Hampshire NHS Foundation Trust, London;
3
Haemophilia Research Centre, Hampshire NHS Trust,
Hampshire; 4Haemophilia Centre, Guys and St Thomas Hospital,
London, UK
Background: Since the introduction of coagulation factor concentrates, persons with haemophilia (PWH) have a life expectancy
approaching the general population. The older PWH has to live with
premature arthropathy and with HCV and/or HIV infection, but they
also have age-related comorbidities such as cardiovascular, urological disease and cancer. Consequently, managing the older PWH is
complex, and the long-term effect of coagulation concentrate on agerelated health issues is unknown. Managing comorbidities such as ischaemic heart disease is challenging and continuing long term FVIII
prophylaxis requires assessment of different issues to young PWH.
Many older PWH registered at our centre have continued on a
pdFVIII (Fanhdi).
Aims: To review the safety/efficacy of Fanhdi in the older PWH.
Methods: We performed a retrospective data analysis of PWH from St
Thomas Hospital, administered Fanhdi from 20032013.
Results: We included 49 patients (14 mild, 9 moderate, 27 severe)
with Haemophilia A; median age of 49 (IQR 4159)with the oldest
PWH 93yo. 24 patients (21 severe) received prophylaxis (median
Fanhdi dose of 3000iu kg1 per year) with median Annual Bleed
Rate (ABR) of 1.3 and Haemophilia Joint Health Scores (HJHS) of
41.5. Only 4/27 PWH receiving on demand Fanhdi had calculable
ABRs (range 1138) with variable HJHS (1340). Prior to 2003, 36
patients had HIV and 15 were co-infected with HCV. During the
study period 7 patients developed cancer, 8 hypertension, 5 cardiovascular disease, 3 renal failure and 20 viral liver disease. There
were no Fandhi-related reactions, inhibitors and no venous thrombotic events.
Conclusion: Long term Fanhdi maintained efficacy (ABR 1.3) even in
the older patients with established arthropathy and co-infection. Over
a 10 year period these patients had an incidence of cancer, hypertension and cardiovascular disease similar to aged matched population.
There were no venous thrombotic events. Fanhdi had an excellent
safety/tolerability profile.
Disclosure of Interest: P.-L. Luo Grant/Research Support from: Grifols, S. Rangarajan Grant/Research Support from: Grifols, Speaker
Bureau of: Grifols, R. Pink: None declared, S. Austin Grant/Research
Support from: Grifols, Speaker Bureau of: Grifols.
352
ABSTRACTS
PO248-MON
Race and the immune response to factor VIII
replacement therapy
PO249-MON
Antibodies against polyethylene glycol (PEG) in
healthy subjects myth or reality?
Mann KG1, Butenas S1, Pierce G2, Peters R2, Tan S2, Lusher J3,
Lillicrap D4, Kempton C5, Mahlangu J6, Ameri A7, Key N8,
Watts RG9, Thompson A10, Leissinger C11, McRedmond K12,
Walsh C13, Kessler C14, Josephson N15,Matthews D16 and
Pratt K15
1
University Of Vermont, Colchester; 2Biogen Idec, Cambridge;
3
Childrens Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, USA; 4Queens
University, Kingston, Canada; 5Emory University, Atlanta, USA;
6
Johannesburg Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa; 7Medical
College of Georgia, Augusta; 8University of North Carolina,
Chapel Hill; 9University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham;
10
Northwestern University, Chicago; 11Tulane University, New
Orleans; 12Palmetto Health, Columbia; 13Mount Sinai Hospital,
New York; 14Georgetown University, Washington; 15Puget Sound
Blood Center; 16Seattle Childrens Hospital, Seattle, USA
Lubich C1, Allacher P2, Bauer A1, Prenninger T1, Horling F1,
Siekmann J1, Scheiflinger F1 and Reipert B1
1
Research & Innovation, Baxter Innovations Gmbh, Vienna; 2IMC
University of Applied Sciences Krems, Krems, Austria
Background: The most common complication in hemophilia treatment is the development of alloimmune inhibitors which foreclose
the ability of the infused factor (f) VIII to participate in blood
coagulation. This occurs in approximately 2530% of the hemophilia A (HA) population. These inhibitory antibodies confer significant pathology on the affected individual and present major
complexities in their management. There are reports that inhibitors
are more common in the black population, and it has been hypothesized that this phenomenon is a consequence of haplotype (H)treatment product mismatch, since the recombinant products represent the fVIII encoded by H1 and H2.
Aims: To quantitate the haplotype-specific immune responsiveness of
individuals treated for HA with fVIII replacement therapy.
Methods: Plasma samples from 488 HA subjects (222 black; 163 severe
and 266 white; 178 severe) from 16 hemophilia treatment centers were
analyzed for inhibitory and haplotype-specific a-fVIII antibodies. The
inhibitor history (established by Bethesda assay) was provided by the
treatment centers. The concentration of haplotype-specific antibody
was quantitated by a multiplex immunoassay (detection limit = 7 nM)
and 3 recombinant B-domainless fVIII proteins (H1/H2, H3, H4) produced in HEK cells.
Results: Seventy two black subjects (32%) and 68 white subjects (26%)
had an inhibitor history. For severe HA subjects, the frequency was
36% and 25%, respectively. 94% black subjects and 91% white subjects had detectable a-fVIII antibody. In the majority of HA subject
plasma samples, the total antibody was quantitated similarly for all Bdomainless fVIII proteins.
Conclusion: For the entire study population, Fishers 2-way test
showed no significant difference between black and white HA subjects in the reported frequency of inhibitory a-fVIII antibody
(P = 0.11). The a-fVIII total antibodies bound to H1/H2, H3 and
H4 fVIII proteins similarly, independent of subjects race and inhibitor status.
Disclosure of Interest: K. Mann Shareholder of: Haematologic Technologies, Consultant for: Baxter, Diagnostica Stago, Bayer, CSL
Behring, Alnylam, S. Butenas: None declared, G. Pierce: None
declared, R. Peters: None declared, S. Tan: None declared, J.
Lusher: None declared, D. Lillicrap: None declared, C. Kempton:
None declared, J. Mahlangu: None declared, A. Ameri: None
declared, N. Key: None declared, R. Watts: None declared, A.
Thompson: None declared, C. Leissinger: None declared, K.
McRedmond: None declared, C. Walsh: None declared, C. Kessler:
None declared, N. Josephson: None declared, D. Matthews: None
declared, K. Pratt: None declared.
Background: PEG polymers are contained in a range of cosmetics and

laxatives and used in several oral and parenteral applications in the
pharmaceutical industry. The covalent attachment of PEG has
emerged as successful strategy to increase the half-life of protein therapeutics. Several PEGylated FVIII- and FIX products are in development.
PEG has long been considered as non-immunogenic but recent reports
have shown anti-PEG antibodies in healthy subjects and in some
patients following treatment with PEGylated therapeutics. These
reports have evoked controversial discussion due to limitations in the
antibody analytics used.
Aims: To revisit the analysis of anti-PEG antibodies in healthy subjects
using validated technologies.
Methods: Two cohorts of healthy human subjects (n = 1310) were analyzed for the prevalence of anti-PEG antibodies, applying separate calculations for antibody titers <1:80 and 1:80. Two assay formats were
used - a flow cytometry approach (FCM) and an ELISA platform validated with respect to cut-off calculation, sensitivity, specificity, linearity, and precision (inter-assay and intra-assay variability).
Results: Our data confirm the expression of anti-PEG antibodies by
healthy individuals. The prevalence in our study cohort was 2028%,
with 1226% for titers <1:80 and 211% for titers 1:80. Age was
identified as significant covariate for the expression of IgG antibodies,
with the highest prevalence observed in young adults (1830 years
old). For the expression of IgM anti-PEG antibodies, age did not show
significant influence. Competition experiments indicated that antiPEG antibodies recognized PEG polymers of different sizes, e.g. linear
PEG of 0.2, 2 and 20 kDa and branched PEG of 20 kDa. There was
no indication of any pathology associated with these antibodies.
Conclusion: We confirm that some healthy individuals express antibodies against PEG. These antibodies might be induced by PEG polymers
or their derivatives present in cosmetics or pharmaceuticals.
Disclosure of Interest: C. Lubich Employee of: Baxter Innovations
GmbH, P. Allacher: None declared, A. Bauer Employee of: Baxter
Innovations GmbH, T. Prenninger Employee of: Baxter Innovations
GmbH, F. Horling Employee of: Baxter Innovations GmbH, J. Siekmann Employee of: Baxter Innovations GmbH, F. Scheiflinger
Employee of: Baxter Innovations GmbH, B. Reipert Employee of:
Baxter Innovations GmbH.
PO250-MON
Correlation between ABR and PK parameters in
patients with severe haemophilia A receiving
Turoctocog alfa (NOVOEIGHT) for prophylaxis
Jimenez-Yuste V1, Lejniece S2, Rosholm A3, Tripkovic N4 and
Santagostino E5
1
Haemophilia Centre, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain;
2
Riga East Clinical University Hospital, Chemotherapy and
Hematology Clinic, Riga, Latvia; 3Biostatistics Biopharm, Novo
Nordisk A/S, Soborg, Denmark; 4Global Medical Affairs
Biopharm, Novo Nordisk, Zurich, Switzerland; 5IRCCS Ca
Granda Foundation, Maggiore Hospital Policlinico, Milan, Italy
Background: Clinical severity of haemophilia A is closely related to
FVIII:C levels with a significant inter-patient variability in bleeding
phenotypes and pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters.
ABSTRACTS
Aims: The aim of the present analysis was to examine the relationship between FVIII PK (half-life [t1/2] and area-under-the-curve
[AUC]) and bleeding pattern, i.e. annualised bleeding rates (ABRs)
in a relatively homogenous group of patients with severe haemophilia A receiving routine prophylaxis with turoctocog alfa (NovoEight).
Methods: This study analysed data from 60 patients with severe haemophilia A having a median age of 17.5 years (range 1.054.9 years)
and a mean (SD) age of 17.0 (12.4) years. Thirty two (32) of the PK
patients came from the guardian 3 trial (paediatric patients) and 28
patients came from the guardian 1 trial (adolescent and adult patients).
Patients could also have participated in one of the PK trials (3522,
3600 and 2893) and could therefore have up to two PK sessions. In
that case the mean PK value for each patient was used in the analysis.
Turoctocog alfa PK was measured using one-stage clotting assay and
chromogenic assay.
Results: There was no correlation between ABRs and PK parameters
in the patient population studied. For the one-stage clotting assay, the
Pearson correlation coefficients (r) were -0.034 for ABR versus AUC
and -0.052 for ABR versus t1/2 and the P-values were 0.80 and 0.70,
respectively. For the chromogenic assay, the Pearson correlation coefficients (r) were -0.012 for ABR versus AUC and -0.026 for ABR versus t1/2 and the P-values were 0.93 and 0.84, respectively.
Conclusion: Neither AUC nor t1/2 correlates with bleeding pattern during routine prophylaxis with turoctocog alfa. Other factors such as
individual compliance, joint status and physical activity need to be
taken into account when optimizing a prophylactic treatment regimen.
Disclosure of Interest: V. Jimenez-Yuste Grant/Research Support
from: Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, Grifols, Bayer, Baxter, Octpharma, Sobi
and GSK, Consultant for: Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, Grifols, Bayer, Baxter, Octpharma, Sobi and GSK, S. Lejniece: None declared, A. Rosholm Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S, N. Tripkovic Employee of:
Novo Nordisk, E. Santagostino Grant/Research Support from: Pfizer,
Bayer, Baxter, Novo Nordisk, CSL Behring, Grifols, Biotest, Consultant for: Pfizer
PO251-MON
Expression of platelet protein disulfide isomerase (PDI)
is increased in patients with hemophilia or von
Willebrand disease
Voigtlander M, Holstein K, Dicke C, Spath B, Bokemeyer C and
Langer F
Department of Oncology and Hematology, University Medical
Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
Background: Extracellular PDI, an abundant oxidoreductase with
chaperone activity that is also present in human platelets, is critical to
thrombus formation. In particular, PDI has been implicated in tissue
factor activation, integrin regulation, and platelet-associated thrombin
generation. Furthermore, impaired PDI release has most recently been
shown to contribute to the bleeding tendency of Hermansky-Pudlak
syndrome, an inherited platelet function defect.
Aims: To investigate platelet PDI expression in patients with congenital hemophilia or von Willebrand disease (VWD).
Methods: This study included patients with hemophilia A (n = 24) or
B (n = 4), VWD (n = 13), or an unexplained bleeding disorder
(n = 10) as well as healthy controls (n = 24). PDI expression was
assessed by single-color flow cytometry on both resting platelets and
platelets stimulated by either ADP or TRAP-6. CD62P (P-selectin)
served as a positive control for a-granule secretion. The study protocol
was approved by the local ethics committee and all patients and controls provided informed consent.
Results: Compared to healthy controls (n = 24), patients (n = 51)
showed significantly increased PDI expression on both ADP- (median
positive platelets, 3.6% vs. 1.3%, P < 0.01) and TRAP-6-stimulated
353
platelets (3.7% vs. 2.3%, P < 0.01), while baseline PDI expression was
similar in the two groups (1.3% vs. 0.9%, P = 0.1). Importantly, this
finding could not be explained by decreased agonist-induced platelet
activation in the patient cohort. Furthermore, the pattern of increased
PDI expression was consistent throughout the various study subgroups.
Conclusion: In this exploratory single-center cohort study, agonistinduced platelet PDI expression was significantly increased in patients
with congenital hemophilia A or B, VWD, or a hitherto unexplained
bleeding disorder. Up-regulation of platelet PDI could thus represent
a compensatory mechanism under conditions of defective fibrin formation and/or platelet deposition.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Voigtlander: None declared, K. Holstein
Grant/Research Support from: CSL Behring, Consultant for: CSL
Behring, C. Dicke: None declared, B. Spath: None declared, C. Bokemeyer: None declared, F. Langer Grant/Research Support from: CSL
Behring, Consultant for: CSL Behring.
PO252-MON
Alternations of oxidative stress markers in patients
with severe haemophilia treated by different
prophylaxis regimens
Djunic I1, Dopsaj V2, Miljic P3, Novkovic A4, SuvajdzicVukovic N3, Tomin D3 and Elezovic I3
1
Clinic For Hematology, Clinical Center of Serbia; 2Institute for
Medical Biochemistry, Pharmacy Faculty of Belgrade University;
3
Clinic For Hematology, Clinical Center Of Serbia, Medical
Faculty of Belgrade University; 4Clinical Hospital Center
Zemun, Belgrade, Serbia
Background: Due to recurrent bleding in haemophilia patients, the
effect of blood, i.e. free iron in the joint spaces, could initiate releasing
markers of oxidative stress in physiological fluids.
Aims: The aim of this study were to estimate the influence of different prophylaxis regimens for severe haemophilia on alternations of
oxidative stress markers in serum: a) advanced oxidation protein
products (AOPP), b) paraoxonase-1 (PON1) and c) sulfhydril
groups (SHG).
Methods: The study included 20 adult patients with severe haemophilia. Five patients with haemophilia A received prophylaxis with
FVIII concentrate in the standard dose of 20 IU kg1 three times per
week, while another five patients with haemophilia A were given an
intermediate dose of FVIII - 1015 IU kg1 thrice weekly. Seven
patients with haemophilia A and three with haemophilia B, received
FVIII/IX concentrate only on-demand. The following oxidative stress
markers were measured: a) AOPP, b) PON1 and c) SHG. Serum samples were collected initially, before the start of treatment (labelled
AOPP-1, PON1-1 and SHG-1) and after 3 months follow-up (labelled
AOPP-2, PON1-2 and SHG-2).
Results: The mean age of the patients was 32 years (range 1955).
In the group of patients given standard dose prophylaxis, the mean
values of AOPP-2 (P = 0.018), PON1-2 (P = 0.043) and SHG-2
(P = 0.045) were significantly lower than those for AOPP-1, PON11 and SHG-1. Likewise, the mean values for AOPP-2 (P = 0.047)
and PON1-2 (P = 0.039) in the five patients receiving intermediate
dose prophylaxis were also decreased when compared to initial values, but SHG level was not significantly changed. In patients treated on demand the mean values for AOPP, PON1 and SHG did
not alter significantly.
Conclusion: The results of this investigation showed that treatment of
patients with severe haemophilia by continuous prophylaxis with
intravenously applied FVIII/IX provides less oxidative stress reflected
as decreasing of markers such as AOPP, PON1 and SHG.
354
ABSTRACTS
PO253-MON
Health-related quality of life in patients with hemofilia
A and B in Brazil
Salomon T1, Chaves D2, Brener S2, Peixoto S1 and on behalf of
Qualidade de Vida em Hematologia e Hemoterapia
1
Centro de Pesquisa Ren
e Rachou Fiocruz; 2Servico de
Pesquisa, Fundac~ao Hemominas, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
Background: Several studies show the negative impact of hemophilia in
health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of patients. This issue is not
well explored in developing countries.
Aims: This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the HRQOL and
its associated factors in patients (18 years) with hemophilia A/B in
Fundac~
ao Hemominas, a reference center for the hemophilia care in
Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Methods: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee and all
participants signed an informed consent. Data were collected by questionnaire and in medical records, including a Portuguese version of
Haem-a-Qol. Statistical analysis were performed by ordinal logistic
regression (proportional odds model) for each HRQOL domain (score
divided into tercis).
Results: Patients attended during the period of August/2011 and July/
2012 were invited to the study and 175 participants (147 with hemophilia A and 28 with hemophilia B) were included. The age of participants ranged between 18 and 68 years old and they were
predominantly non-white (61.9%), unmarried (59.4%) and with more
than 9 years of education (81.9%). The total score of the Haem-AQoL had a median of 36.96 (range of 0100), with worse performance
in sport and leisure and best on relationships fields. HRQOL was
worst among the older participants, the less educated, non-white, nonworking, who were hospitalized in the last year, who did not have a
single medical consultation and among those with the highest number
of affected joints. Moreover, patients with hepatitis B had a significantly worse HRQOL in the domain sports and leisure, also
observed in married patients. Otherwise, married individuals reported
better HRQOL on dealing with the disease. Patients with hemophilia B reported worse HRQOL in the domain Self perception.
Conclusion: The results obtained will be worked and will allow the
development of specific programs for the most vulnerable groups,
improving the quality of life of hemophilia patients. This study was
supported by FAPEMIG.
PO254-MON
Comparison of prophylaxis and episodic treatment in
children with moderate to severe hemophilia A
Sosothikul D, Songnuy R and Seksarn P
Pediatrics, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
Background: The aim of hemophilia treatment is to maintain patients
quality of life by preventing bleeding episode and joint damage. Prophylaxis treatment is currently being practiced worldwide. However,
in Thailand most hemophilia patients were managed by episodic treatment.
Aims: This study determines to compare the efficacy of prophylaxis
and episodic treatment in moderate to severe hemophilia A children at
Chulalongkorn Hospital.
Methods: A prospective cohort study.Fifteen patients were included in
this study from December 2012 to January 2014. Twelve patients were
severe hemophilia A and three were moderate. Median age was
11.2 5.3 years. All patients were treated with episodic standard
guideline for six months, stopped for 1 month and went on prophylaxis treatment for another 6 months with infusion of 3035
units kg1 of pd FVIII once a week. Evaluations included the number
of bleeding episodes, admission days, school days lost and pdFVIII
used. Level of FVIII and FVIII inhibitor, joint score and quality of life
score were also monitored.
Results: The number of bleeding episodes and school days lost in prophylaxis treatment were significantly lower than episodic (median 1 vs.
6 episodes and median 3 vs. 8.5 days, P < 0.001, respectively). Total
number of pdFVIII used in prophylaxis treatment was higher than episodic (median 34.5 vs. 7.5 vial (500units), P < 0.001), but the number
of pdFVIII replacement during bleeding episodes in prophylaxis treatment was less than episodic (median 1 vs. 7.5 vial (500 units),
P < 0.001). Improvement of joint score during prophylaxis treatment
was better than episodic (mean1.58 vs. 1.33, P = 0.846). Quality of life
score after prophylaxis treatment was significantly better than after
episodic (median 85.7 vs. 72.9 P = 0.002).
Conclusion: Patients on prophylaxis treatment had better clinical outcomes including less bleeding episodes, less school days lost and better
quality of life compared to episodic treatment.
PO255-MON
Using minute doses of APTT reagent and tissue factor
as the coagulation trigger to quantify the coagulation
profile in hemophilia A
ck M3
He S1, Eelde A2, Petrini P2 and Blomba
1
Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital;
2
Coagulation unit, Karolinska University Hospital; 3Department
of Molecular Medicine and Surgery/Coagulation Research,
Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Background: Large heterogeneity in bleeding patterns is observed in
hemophilia A (HA). This may be attributed to that the available monitoring methods cannot echo the overall coagulation state in vivo; for
instance, the APTT assay acts only through the intrinsic pathway,
while the tissue factor (TF)-derived thrombin generation test (TGT)
importantly depends on activation of the extrinsic pathway.
Aims: To set up global methods that determine the coagulation profile
in HA, by modifying the coagulation trigger in TGT and ROTEM.
Methods: TGT and ROTEM were run in FVIII-depleted plasma
spiked with rFVIII at different concentrations, and also in 9 patients
with severe or moderate HA. The key components in coagulation trigger were APTT reagent (0.003% of the dose used in APTT method)
and TF (0.02pM).
Results: In the FVIII-depleted plasma spiked with rFVIII (in vitro
samples), different parameters detected by TGT and ROTEM varied
in agreement with the doses of rFVIII added. This correlation to FVIII
levels became undetectable when the in vitro samples was pre-incubated with prothrombotic proteins i.e. antibody (ab) to TFPI, ab to
protein S, FEIBA or rFVIIa. In the patients with HA, the correlation
to FVIII levels still existed; though its statistical significance was lower
than that in the in vitro samples without the pre-incubation.
Conclusion: Decrease of the coagulation profile in HA is of course
mostly due to low FVIII; other prothrombotic proteins also influence
thrombin generation and fibrin formation, causing an imbalance
between bleeding patterns and FVIII quantity. This study suggests
that using minute doses of APTT reagent and TF to trigger coagulation in TGT or ROTEM may assess the whole coagulation picture
behind the phenotypic heterogeneity in HA.
ABSTRACTS
PO256-MON
User experience assessment of the therapy
management system Haemoassist 2
Bottger C1, Grimm J2, Halimeh S3, Sigl-Kraetzig M4,5,
Oldenburg J6, Tiede A7, Winburn I8 and Schulz M1
1
Pfizer Pharma GmbH, Berlin; 2StatConsult GmbH, Magdeburg;
3
Center of Coagulation Rhein-Ruhr, Duisburg; 4Paediatric
Practice, Blaubeuren; 5SonnenGesundheitszentrum, Munich;
6
University Clinic Bonn, Bonn; 7University of Hannover,
Hannover, Germany; 8Pfizer UK, Walton Oaks, UK
Background: The retrospective review of patients paper diaries has
been the gold standard for evaluating patient reported haemophilia
care. Haemoassist 2, a CE-marked medical device, combines a smartphone app that documents a patients bleeds and factor usage with a
physician website for real-time therapy analysis. Haemoassist 2
evolved from Haemoassist (Mondorf, Pollmann et al. Haemophilia
(2009), 15, 464472) whereby the respective legal manufacturer is
StatConsult.
Aims: To guide the further development of Haemoassist 2 by gathering structured user experience data and to facilitate data export into
haemophilia registries.
Methods: The systems requirement specifications were developed with
physicians, patients, legal, regulatory and medical device experts. A
structured online user survey (9 domains, 25 items, 5-point scale)
directed to German clinicians and nurses was conducted to assess user
experience and guide the further development. Following up on earlier
user requests, an export function to the German Haemophilia Registry
(DHR) was developed with Paul-Ehrlich-Institute.
Results: Respondents (response rate: 87.5%, n = 8) indicated that
Haemoassist 2 can: help to detect target joints early (57.1% fully
agree (FA), 42.9% rather agree (RA)), aid physicians to react faster to
potentially therapy modifying events (71.4%FA, 28.6%RA) and may
improve patient documentation compliance compared to a paper diary
(42.9%FA, 42.9%RA, 14.3% rather disagree). Respondents were
likely to recommend Haemoassist 2 to a colleague (83.3%FA, 16.7%
RA) and rated the system overall (very) good (89/10). Facilitated
data entry to DHR was achieved developing and validating an Export
Client which can be adjusted to other haemophilia registries.
Conclusion: The survey showed a high degree of satisfaction with Haemoassist 2 underscoring the tools potential to enhance patient safety
and haemophilia therapy management. Haemoassist 2 offers a flexible export function for haemophilia registries.
Disclosure of Interest: C. B
ottger Employee of: Pfizer Pharma GmbH,
J. Grimm: None declared, S. Halimeh Grant/Research Support from:
Pfizer Pharma GmbH, M. Sigl-Kraetzig Grant/Research Support
from: Pfizer Pharma GmbH, J. Oldenburg Grant/Research Support
from: Pfizer Pharma GmbH, Consultant for: Pfizer Pharma GmbH,
A. Tiede Grant/Research Support from: Pfizer Pharma GmbH, Consultant for: Pfizer Pharma GmbH, I. Winburn Shareholder of: Pfizer,
Employee of: Pfizer UK, M. Schulz Shareholder of: Pfizer, Employee
of: Pfizer Pharma GmbH.
PO257-MON
Once weekly Nonacog Alfa in hemophilia B (hemb): a
time course profile of spontaneous bleeds in patients
from a pivotal trial
Tortella B1, Carr M2, Rendo P3, Smith L4 and Kavakli K5
1
Pfizer Global Medical Affairs; 2Pfizer Rare Disease Research;
3
Pfizer Clinical Affairs; 4Statistics, Pfizer, Collegeville, USA;
5
Hematology, Ege University, Bornova, Turkey
Background: HemB prophylaxis (PPX) varies from multiple to single
injections per week. A recent pivotal multicenter, open-label study, in
355
moderately severe severe patients (pts) (FIX:C 2) with PPX 1/week,

100 IU kg1 Nonacog showed a low median spontaneous (spont)
annualized bleed rate (sABR)=1.0.
Aims: The time course of all spont & spont target jt (sTJ) bleeding
after 1/week Nonacog dosing was examined to determine a pattern of
bleeding day interval after PPX dosing & the extent that Nonacog
PPX affected sABR & sTJ ABR.
Methods: Study report data were extracted for post hoc analysis. For
each pt with 1 spont bleeding episode during PPX, the days from
infusion to spont bleed & percent reduction from on demand (OD) to
PPX in sABR & sTJ sABR were calculated.
Results: During PPX, 12 pts (48%) did not bleed & 13 (52%) had 1
spont bleeding episode.
No spont bleeds occurred on the day of dosing. The fewest bleeds
occurred during day intervals 1- <2D (5%), 7 (8%) and 3 - <4D
(9%) & 6 - <7D (11%). The highest percentage of spont bleeds
occurred during day (D) intervals 5 - <6D (23%), 2- <3D, & 4 <5D (22% both).
Reductions were observed both in any spont bleeding & sTJ bleeding,
OD vs. PPX, in all 13 pts with 1 spont bleeding episode during PPX.
sTJ ABR was 0.0 during PPX for 46% of these pts (6/13). Of these 13
pts, 92.3% (12/13) experienced sTJ ABR reductions 66.3%. Reductions in sABR ranged from 66.1% (27.2?9.2) to 97.8% (46.2?1.0)
and for sTJ ABR, 6.2% (2.1?2.0) to 100% (40.1, 19.1, 3.9, 9.0, 6.1?
0; 5 pts).
Conclusion: Spont. bleeds occurred a varying daily rates throughout
the day-intervals following PPX dosing & did not follow any predetermined pattern.
1/week Nonacog 100 IU kg1 PPX lowered sABR and sTJ ABR vs
OD in the 13 pts who experienced spont bleeding during PPX. No statistical testing was done. Over 1/3 of these 13 pts experienced no sTJ
bleeding during the PPX period. Of those pts who did experience a sTJ
bleed in the PPX period, 92.3% had an sTJ ABR reduction of 66.3%
or more.
PO258-MON
Results from the PUP-GCP clinical trial: low inhibitor
rate in previously untreated patients with severe
haemophilia a treated with a plasma derived FVIII
concentrate
Klukowska A1, Knaub S2, Komrska V3, Laguna P1, Vdovin V4 and
Jansen M5
1
Department of Paediatrics, Haematology and Oncology,
Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland; 2Clinical R&D
Haematology, Octapharma AG, Lachen, Switzerland;
3
Department of Pediatric Haematology and Oncology, Hospital
Motol, Prague; 4Paediatrics and Haematology, Morozovskaya
Childrens Hospital, Moscow, Russia; 5Octapharma, Vienna,
Austria
Background: A highly purified, double virus inactivated, human
plasma derived factor VIII concentrate, naturally stabilized with von
Willebrand factor (pdFVIII/VWF, Octanate), was used in this prospective clinical GCP trial. The primary objective of this study was to
assess the immunogenicity of the concentrate in previously untreated
patients (PUPs) and it was planned to enroll 50 PUPs with severe
hemophilia A (HA) for a period of 100 exposure days (EDs), maximum 5 years.
Aims: To assess the immunogenicity of a single pdFVIII/VWF in previously untreated patients (PUPs), a prospective clinical trial has been
initiated in 2000. The goal was to enroll 50 PUPs with severe hemophilia A and to follow them for an observational period of 100 exposure days.
356
ABSTRACTS
Methods: Patients with severe HA without previous exposure to

FVIII-containing products were enrolled. Inhibitors, according to
modified Bethesda method, were tested prior to treatment, every 34
EDs (ED 1-20), and afterwards every 10 EDs (ED 21-100), but at minimum every 3 months. Efficacy and tolerability were assessed by a 4point verbal rating scale.
Results: The study was clinically completed in spring 2014. Fifty-one
subjects were enrolled and 3 of them (5.9%) developed clinically relevant inhibitor titers over the course of the study. Another 2 subjects
(3.9%) displayed transient inhibitors that disappeared spontaneously
without changing the FVIII dose or dosing interval. All inhibitors
developed under on-demand treatment and before ED 50. The haemostatic efficacy in prophylaxis and treatment of bleeding episodes was
generally rated as excellent and no complication was reported for
any surgical treatment.
Conclusion: Despite frequent inhibitor testing and predominant ondemand treatment with the pd FVIII/VWF concentrate, the data show
a low overall inhibitor rate of 9.8% in patients with severe haemophilia A, of which only three inhibitors (5.9%) were clinically relevant.
No inhibitors were reported in patients mainly undergoing prophylaxis.
Disclosure of Interest: A. Klukowska: None declared, S. Knaub
Employee of: Octapharma, V. Komrska: None declared, P. Laguna:
None declared, V. Vdovin: None declared, M. Jansen Employee of:
Octapharma.
PO259-MON
Designing a study for real-world data on safety and
effectiveness of rixubis (Nonacog gamma) in people
with hemophilia B
Tiede A1, Klamroth R2, Escuriola-Ettingshausen C3, Kurnik K4,
Langer F5, Wermes C6, Chatterjee N7, Rauter I8 and Gringeri A9
1
Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology, and Stem Cell
Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover; 2Internal
Medicine, Vivantes Clinic Friedrichshain, Berlin; 3HZRMHaemophilia Centre Rhein Main, Frankfurt-Morfelden;
4
Paediatric Haemophilia Centre, Dr. von Hauner Childrens
Hospital, Ludwig-Maximillians-Universitat, Munich; 5II.
Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Universit
atsklinikum
Eppendorf, Hamburg; 6Department of Paediatric Haematology
and Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany;
7
Global Medical Affairs, Baxter Healthcare Corporation, Vienna,
Austria; 8Baxter Innovations, GmbH, Baxter Healthcare
Corporation, Munich, Germany; 9Medical Affairs, Baxter
Healthcare Corporation, Vienna, Austria
Background: There is an increased need for real world data on new
licensed products because of the paucity of the hemophilia B patient
population involved in registration clinical trials which have rigid protocols and enrollment criteria.
Aims: To design a study that can collect data on the use of a new CHO
cell line derived recombinant factor IX (nonacog gamma) in routine
clinical practice reflecting real-world scenarios.
Methods: We designed a post-authorization, prospective, uncontrolled,
non-interventional, multicenter cohort study aimed to describe the
short- and long-term safety and effectiveness of nonacog gamma using
any therapeutic regimen, in routine clinical practice (PARIXS). The
primary objective is to describe hemostatic effectiveness in the prevention of bleeding events. Secondary objectives include hemostatic effectiveness of treatment of bleeding events, safety, immunogenicity,
relationship between time at bleeding occurrence and estimated factor
IX levels and trough levels and joint-health outcomes, impact of comorbidities and physical activity, quality of life outcomes, and use of
health care resources.
Results: The study will enroll at least 80 patients with an observation

period of 4 years for each enrolled subject. Recruitment is expected to
start in Germany in Q2 2015.
Conclusion: This study will provide significant insight into the safety
and effectiveness of nonacog gamma in routine clinical use. In addition, the study will collect long term outcomes and quality of life data
for nonacog gamma.
PO260-MON
Bleeding patterns evaluated during prophylaxis with a
full-length pegylated recombinant factor VIII (bax 855)
with extended half-life in hemophilia A
Konkle B1, Stasyshn O2, Wynn T3, Manco-Johnson M4,
Gruppo R5, Chowdary P6, Komrska V7, Griskevicius L8,
Eyster ME9, Chojnowski K10, Engl W11, Patrone L12 and
Abbuehl B11
1
Puget Sound Blood Center and University of Washington,
Seattle, USA; 2Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukrain, Lviv,
Ukraine; 3University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville;
4
University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora; 5Cincinnati
Childrens Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, USA; 6The Royal
Free Hospital, London, UK; 7University Hospital Motol, Prague,
Czech Republic; 8Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Klinikos,
Vilnius, Lithuania; 9Pennsylvania State Hershey Medical Center,
Hershey, USA; 10Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland;
11
Baxter Innovations GmbH, Vienna, Austria; 12Baxter
Healthcare Corporation, Westlake Village, USA
Background: BAX 855 is a PEGylated full-length recombinant factor
VIII built on ADVATE with an extended half-life. BAX 855 demonstrated efficacy and safety in prophylaxis and the treatment of bleeding
episodes in previously treated patients with severe hemophilia A (Konkle et al, Haemophilia, 2015 EAHAD Congress).
Aims: Bleeding patterns during prophylaxis with BAX 855 were evaluated in the pivotal trial.
Methods: Patients informed consent and appropriate ethics committee
approvals were obtained. Patients assigned to the prophylactic arm
received 45 5 IU kg1 twice weekly for 50 exposure days or
~6 months. The per-protocol analysis included 101 subjects.
Results: At baseline, the median (range) age of patients was 29.0
(12-58) years, 68.3% of patients had 1 or more target joints (ie, a
joint with 3 spontaneous bleeds in any consecutive 6-month period), and 66.3% had arthropathy. The mean (SD) reduction in dosing frequency during the study compared to pre-study prophylaxis
was 26.7% (27.9). The mean (SD) annualized joint bleeding episode rate was lower in patients without target joints (1.2 [2.4]) than
in those with target joints (2.2 [3.2]); however, there was no difference in rates between these groups for all bleeding events or for
those occurring spontaneously. The rates between groups with and
without arthropathy were similar. Approximately 60% of patients
achieved 5 months between any hemorrhages, including 39.6%
with zero bleeding events during treatment. For hemarthroses,
approximately 80% of patients achieved 6 months between episodes, including 57.4% with zero bleeding events. The frequency of
bleeding was higher at >96 h after prophylactic infusions compared
with earlier times after infusions.
Conclusion: These results further demonstrate the benefit of prophylaxis and support the efficacy profile of BAX 855 for the prevention of
bleeding when used twice weekly, suggesting fewer infusions may be
needed for prophylactic efficacy.
Disclosure of Interest: B. Konkle Grant/Research Support from: Baxter, Biogen-Idec, NovoNordisk, Octapharma, Consultant for: Baxter, Biogen-Idec, CSL Behring, Pfizer, NovoNordisk, O. Stasyshn
ABSTRACTS
Grant/Research Support from: Baxter, T. Wynn Grant/Research
Support from: Baxter, M. Manco-Johnson Grant/Research Support
from: Baxter, Bayer HealthCare, CSL Behring, Consultant for: Baxter, Bayer HealthCare, Biogen-Idec, CSL Behring, NovoNordisk, R.
Gruppo Grant/Research Support from: Baxter, Consultant for:
Baxter, Pfizer, NovoNordisk, Speaker Bureau of: Baxter, Alexion,
P. Chowdary Grant/Research Support from: Baxter, NovoNordisk,
Pfizer, CSL Behring, Consultant for: NovoNordisk, Pfizer, CSL
Behring, Baxter, Biogen Idec, Speaker Bureau of: Bayer, V. Komrska Grant/Research Support from: Baxter, L. Griskevicius
Grant/Research Support from: Baxter, M. Eyster Grant/Research
Support from: Baxter, K. Chojnowski Grant/Research Support
from: Baxter, Speaker Bureau of: Baxter, W. Engl Shareholder of:
Baxter, Employee of: Baxter, L. Patrone Shareholder of: Baxter,
Employee of: Baxter, B. Abbuehl Shareholder of: Baxter, Employee
of: Baxter
PO261-MON
Bayesian approach to the assessment of the population
specific risk of inhibitors
Iorio A1,2, Cheng J2,3, Marcucci M4, Romanov V5 and
Thabane L2,3
1
Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics; 2Medicine, McMaster
University; 3St Josephs Hospital, Hamilton, Canada; 4University
of Milan, Milan, Italy; 5Global Medical Affairs, Baxter
HealthCare, Westlake Village, USA
Background: Bayesian modelling empowers analysis of rare events, via
incorporation of external data.
Aims: To illustrate how the Bayesian approach will i) compare with
classical one; ii) change with different priors; and enable testing iii)
thresholds and iii) size of information.
Methods: We used three different scenarios: s1) a single cohort of previously treated patients (PTPs), s2) a meta-analysis of PTPs cohorts,
and s3) a previously unexplored setting (patients with positive inhibitor history).
Patient population: Hemophilia A from the Advate Post Authorization
Surveillance Studies.
Outcome: Any inhibitors.
Statistical analysis: Non-informative and informative priors were
applied to Bayesian standard (s1) and random-effects (s2,s3) logistic
models (i.ii). Bayesian probabilities of satisfiying three meaningful
thresholds (10/100, 5/100 [high rates] and 1/86 [FDA mandated cut-off
rate in PTPs])(iii) were estimated; and the effect of scaling up the study
data size by 2 and 10 times (iv).
Results: Results based on non-informative priors were similar to the
classical approach. Using priors from PTPs lowered the point estimate
and narrowed the credible intervals (s1: from 1.3 [0.5, 2.7] to 0.8 [0.5,
1.1]; s2: from 1.9 [0.6, 6.0] to 0.8 [0.5, 1.1]; s3: 2.3 [0.5, 6.8] to 0.7 [0.5,
1.1]). All probabilities of satisfying a threshold of 1/86 were above
0.65. Increasing the number of patients by 2 and 10 times substantially
narrowed the credible intervals for the single cohort study (1.4 [0.7,
2.3] and 1.4 [1.1, 1.8], respectively); likewise did increasing the number
of studies by 2 and 10 times for the multiple-studies scenarios (s2: 1.9
[0.6, 4.0] and 1.9 [1.5, 2.6]; s3: 2.4 [0.9, 5.0] and 2.6 [1.9, 3.5], respectively).
Conclusion: The Bayesian approach provides a robust, transparent and
reproducible analysis method. The risk of developing a clinically significant inhibitor in patients with a previous history of inhibitor was
similar to that in PTPs.
Disclosure of Interest: A. Iorio Grant/Research Support from: Baxter,
J. Cheng Grant/Research Support from: Baxter, M. Marcucci Grant/
Research Support from: Baxter, V. Romanov Employee of: Baxter
Healthcare, L. Thabane Grant/Research Support from: Baxter.
357
PO262-MON
Pharmacokinetic characteristics of factor VIII and IX
concentrates a systematic review
Xi M1, Blanchette V2, Blatny J3, Collins P4, Dunn A5, Fischer K6,
Hermans C7, Navarro-Ruan T1, Kavakli K8, Jackson S9, James P10,
Mammen S11, Morfini M12, Neufeld E13, Ozelo M14, Radossi P15,
aez A17, Teitel J18, Thabane L19,20,
Rangarajan S16, Ruiz-S
Young G21, Iorio A1,22 and on behalf of the WAPPS Investigators
1
Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics,
McMaster University, Hamilton; 2The Hospital for Sick Children,
Toronto, Canada; 3University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech
Republic; 4Arthur Bloom Haemophilia Centre, University
Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK; 5Nationwide Childrens Hospital,
Columbus, USA; 6Department of Hematology, University
Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands; 7Cliniques
Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; 8Department of
Pediatric Hematology, Ege University Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; 9St.
Pauls Hospital, Vancouver; 10South Eastern Ontario Regional
Inherited Bleeding Disorders Program, Kingston; 11McMaster
University, Hamilton, Canada; 12Associazione Italiana Centri
Emofilia AICE, Florence, Italy; 13Division of Hematology, Boston
Childrens Hospital, Boston, USA; 14Unidade de Hemofilia
Cl
audio Luis Pizzigatti Corr^
ea, S~
ao Paulo, Brazil; 15Hemophilia
and Regional Blood Disease Centre Hematology, Veneto, Italy;
16
Southern Hemophilia Network, Basingstoke, UK; 17Centro
Nacional de Hemofilia, Caracas, Venezuela; 18St. Michaels
Hospital, Toronto; 19Medicine, McMaster University; 20St
Josephs Hospital, Hamilton, Canada; 21Hematology/Oncology,
Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA; 22Department
of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
Background: The efficacy of factor VIII and IX concentrates to prevent bleeds in patients with hemophilia A and B is correlated with
plasma levels measured over time after the infusion. The inter-patient
variability of pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters is large, but assessing
individual PK profiles is hampered by the need for multiple blood
samples. Population PK modeling provides a solution to this problem.
Aims: To identify PK data for factor VIII and IX concentrates to support the implementation of a population PK approach.
Methods: We conducted a literature search in MEDLINE and EMBASE from January 1997 to May 2014 for English language reports of
original PK data, using the keywords hemophilia and pharmacokinetics. The following data were extracted: study design, number of
patients, type and severity of hemophilia, patient age, factor concentrate and dose infused, sampling data points, half-life, clearance,
recovery, model used for pharmacokinetics, and inclusion of patients
undergoing surgery or with inhibitors.
Results: We retrieved 753 potentially eligible articles. We included 75
articles meeting our inclusion criteria, with a total of 2050 patients
included in PK analyses. 38 reported PK data on factor VIII concentrates, 25 on factor IX concentrates, and one article reported on both.
Main PK parameters and their variability where summarized by class
of concentrate, laboratory test technique used, sponsor of the trial,
modeling characteristics as well as candidate relevant covariates. Halflife (hours) ranged from 7.8 to 19.2 for wild type, 7.5 to 17.9 for Bdomain deleted and 11.5 to 23.1 for prolonged half-life factor VIII; for
factor IX ranged from 12.9 to 36.0 for wild type and 53.5 to 110.4 for
prolonged half-life.
Conclusion: This review provides the first systematic appraisal of the
methods and results of published papers in the field. The data confirm
the intra-patient variability of factor concentrate PK and support generation and adoption of population based PK models.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Xi: None declared, V. Blanchette: None
declared, J. Blatny: None declared, P. Collins: None declared, A.
Dunn Consultant for: Baxter, Bayer, Biogen, CSL Behring, K. Fischer: None declared, C. Hermans: None declared, T. Navarro-Ruan:
358
ABSTRACTS
None declared, K. Kavakli: None declared, S. Jackson: None

declared, P. James: None declared, S. Mammen: None declared, M.
Morfini: None declared, E. Neufeld Grant/Research Support from:
Baxter, Octapharma, Consultant for: Baxter, Bayer, Biogen, Novo
Nordisk, Pfiser, M. Ozelo: None declared.
, P. Radossi: None declared, S. Rangarajan: None declared, A. RuizS
aez: None declared, J. Teitel: None declared, L. Thabane Grant/
Research Support from: Baxter, G. Young: None declared, A. Iorio
Grant/Research Support from: Baxter, Bayer, Biogen, Novo Nordisk,
Pfiser.
PO263-MON
Immune tolerance induction with Haemate p in
hemophilia a: experience from a single center
chele J1 and Lohse J1
Knofler R1, Siegert G2, Sta
1
Department of Pediatric Haemostaseology; 2Department of
Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Medical Faculty of
Technical University, Dresden, Germany
Background: Immune tolerance induction (ITI) has been shown to successfully eliminate factor VIII (FVIII) inhibitors in hemophilia A
(HA) patients. A recently published review suggests that the plasmaderived, Von Willebrand factor containing FVIII concentrate Haemate P may increase the probability of ITI success (Escuriola C. and
Kreuz W., Haemophilia 2013; 17).
Aims: We evaluated data from previously untreated patients (PUPs)
with severe HA who developed an inhibitor in our center.
Methods: Detailed data were collected from all PUPs who were diagnosed between 2006 and 2014.
Results: Seven out of 19 PUPs (36%) developed an inhibitor (low titer
with 5 BU, n = 4; high titer with > 5 BU, n = 3). The maximal inhibitor titer ranged from 1.2 to 31 BU. The number of ED until inhibitor
detection ranged from 8 to 60 (median: 27 ED). All patients (pts) were
treated prophylactically with recombinant FVIII concentrates before
inhibitor formation but in 4 pts an extended bleeding and in another
one a surgical procedure preceded the start of prophylaxis. A high risk
FVIII mutation was present in 6 pts. Whereas all low titer inhibitors
disappeared during intensified prophylaxis, all 3 pts with a high titer
inhibitor underwent ITI. In one patient (maximal titer 31 BU) ITI was
started with a recombinant product and 5 months later switched to
Haemate P followed by a permanent inhibitor disappearance
2 months later. For ITI another patient with a maximal titer of 12 BU
was switched initially to Haemate P and was treated successfully. The
third patient (maximal titer 9.8 BU) is still undergoing ITI with
another plasmatic VWF-containing FVIII. Because after 7 months of
ITI the inhibitor titer persists between 5 and 10 BU and considering
the results from in vitro testing, therapy will be switched to Haemate
P.
Conclusion: Our data support the findings of the authors named above
who conclude that Haemate P is effective and produces high rates of
ITI success.
Disclosure of Interest: R. Kn
ofler Grant/Research Support from: CSL
Behring provided a travel grant and research support., G. Siegert:
None declared, J. St
achele: None declared, J. Lohse: None declared.
PO264-MON
20032014 12-year results of inherited bleeding
disorders registry of the emilia romagna region in Italy
Rivolta GF1, Perna CD1, Riccardi F1,Quintavalle G1, Rodorigo G2,
Valdr
e L2, Biasoli C3, Pizzini A4, Serino ML5, Arbasi M6, Macchi S7,
Pedrazzi P8 and Tagliaferri A1
1
Regional Reference Centre For Inherited Bleeding Disorder,
University Hospital, Parma; 2Hemophilia Centre, University
Hospital, Bologna; 3Hemophilia Centre, Bufalini Hospital,
Cesena; 4Hemophilia Centre, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova, Reggio
Emilia; 5Hemophilia Centre, University Hospital, Ferrara;
6
Hemophilia Centre, Guglielmo da Saliceto Hospital, Piacenza;
7
Hemophilia Centre, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, Ravenna;
8
Hemophilia Centre, University Hospital, Modena, Italy
Background: In 2003 the Health Authority of Emilia-Romagna Region
(RER), developed a web-based registry to monitor epidemiology,
treatment costs and improve the quality of health care of patients with
Inherited Bleeding Disorders (IBD).
Aims: We provide the 12 year results of this system.
Methods: A web-based clinical record (xlEmofilia) was created to
allow the 8 Haemophilia Centres (HC), organized in a Hub and
Spoke network, to share database, to extract detailed data and publish them on the registry (www.registroemofiliarer.it) every 6 months.
Results: From 2003 to 2014 the IBD patients followed up at the HC
increased from 494 to 1179 (2.3 times) while the number of RER
inhabitants increased from 4 098 000 to 4 446 000 (1.08 times). The
number of all diagnosis rose: Hemophilia A and B (HA, HB) from
268 to 431, VWD from 142 to 373, but mostly Rare Bleeding Disorders from 51 to 207 (10 to 18%) showing a better accuracy in the diagnosis and in the enrolment at HC. The molecular characterization of
severe and moderate HA and HB patients increased from 34% to
86%, thanks to the genetic laboratory of the HUB Centre of Parma.
In 2003 inhibitor patients were 11 HA, while in 2014 were 27 HA and
1HB. Prophylaxis regimen spread among patients with severe Hemophilia from 27.7% to 51.4%, while the bleeds decreased by 50%. The
increase of concentrate consumption from 72 728 to 119 234 IU per
patient/year was due to the spread of prophylaxis, a better recording
of the home treatment, done by patients in clinical record, Immunetolerance and rise of the number of the patients.
Conclusion: Compared to 2003 there was an increase of enrolled
patients (138%), inhibitor detection, genetic diagnoses and use of prophylaxis treatment. Moreover, more concentrate consumption were
recorded with a considerable reduction in bleeds. In our opinion, HC
network and RER Registry improved quality of care by means of
detailed epidemiological reporting, quality of assistance monitoring
and analyzing the quality of life and treatment costs.
PO265-MON
Congenital factor deficiencies: twenty-five-year
follow-up
Salcioglu Z1, Sen HS1, Tugcu D1, Kalayci T1, Aydogan G1, Akici F1
and Baslar Z2
1
Pediatric Hematology And Oncology Clinic, Kanuni Sultan
S
uleyman Education And Research Hospital; 2Internal Medicine,
Department of Hematology, _Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa
Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey
Background: Congenital factor deficiencies (CFD) are inherited coagulation factor deficiencies and important group of bleeding disorders.
Aims: Four hundred and seventy one CFD cases, followed and treated
at our clinic between 1990 and 2015, were retrospectively evaluated
in our study.
ABSTRACTS
Methods: Information of patients were retrieved from patient files and
from the records contained in the electronic information processing
environment created after 2005.
Results: Three hundred and fifty seven of the cases were boys
and 114 were girls. The ages at the admission of patients were between
one week and 19 years. From the 471 cases, 129 suffered hemophilia
A, 38 hemophilia B, 53 von Willebrand Disease (vWD) and 251 rare
factor deficiencies (RFD). The F:C levels of patients were <1% in 122
patients, between 1 and 5% in 68 patients and between 5 and 50% in
281 patients. The problematic cases were evaluated once a month in
council of hemophilia concerning hematologist, orthopedist, physical therapist and specialist of nuclear medicine. Ninety eight
of patients were asymptomatic (47.8%) in RFD group. Asymptomatic
patients were diagnosed by family histories 49(40.8%), preoperative
laboratory studies 64(53.4%) and operational bleeding 7(5.8%).
Seven haemophilia A patients with inhibitor had high responding
inhibitor. Thre hundred and twelve various surgical interventions were
performed. Of the surgical interventions, 61(19.5%) were major, 57
(18.3%) were minor, 158(50.7%) were circumcision and 36(11.5%)
were radioisotope synovectomy. Prophylaxy was applied 79 patients (57
patients with hemophilia A, 8 hemophilia B, 13 RFD and one vWD).
Secondary prophylactic therapy was given to sixty eight patients with
CFD. Primary prophylactic therapy was given to eleven patients with
CFD. The duration of prophylaxis ranged between 4 months and
12 years (mean: 3.4 4.2 year).
Conclusion: In this study, we pointed out the importance of prophylactic treatments and multidisciplinary approach in the follow-up of
patients with CFD.
PO266-MON
There is a direct relationship between the physical
activity score and HDL cholesterol level in hemophilia
patients
Sahin F1, Kilincer MB2, Turk U3, Basol G4, Barutcuoglu B4,
Kavakli K5 and Saydam G1
1
Hematology; 2Internal Medicine, Ege University; 3Cardiology,
Tepecik Education and Research Hospital; 4Biochemistry;
5
Pediatric Hematology, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
Background: High-density lipoprotein(HDL) has anti-atherogenic
property because it reverses cholesterol transport from the peripheral
tissues to liver. Low HDL-cholesterol(HDL-C) is associated with the
development of coronary heart diseases(CHD). Level of HDL-C is
associated with smoking, sedentary life style, weight and nutritional
status. Because of joint problems and bleeding tendency; hemophilia
patients are expected to be more sedentary than normal population.
Aims: We aimed to document daily physical activity status of hemophilia patients and HDL-C relationship.
Methods: Hemophilia patients were recruited from Agean hemophilia
center. The study was approved by the Ege University ethics committees and inclusion took place after written consent had been obtained.
Hemophilia A and B patients were eligible for inclusion regardless of
the severity of Hemophilia. Turkish version of International physical
activity questionnaire(IPAQ) was filled by the patients. The physical
activity score was calculated as metabolic equivalent (MET)- min /
week and classified in three levels. HDL-C levels were measured in
blood samples after 8 h fasting. SPSS ver. 20 and Spearmans test was
used for the statistical analysis. P value being <0.05 was considered
statistically significant.
Results: A total of 66 hemophilia patients were included in this analysis. Mean age of the patients was 37.5 11.6. Mean activity score was
816 MET-minute/week and 44 patients had low, 14 patients had moderate and 7 patients had high activity. Mean HDL-C level was
40 mg dL1. HDL-C level and IPAQ score had positive correlations
(P < 0.05)
359
Conclusion: Regular physical activity actually helps prevent bleeds and

joint damage and provides strong muscles that help to lower the frequency and severity of bleeding episodes in joints and joint pain. Also
aerobic exercise for 30 to 60 min on most days of the week can help to
increase HDL-C. We must provide our patients safety exercise environment and good motivation that they could make it.
PO267-MON
Measurement of gait variability in patients with and
without hemophilic arthropathy: move-study (NTR
4561)
Stoof S1, Hodgins D2, Leebeek F1, Cnossen M3, Horemans H4,
Praet S4 and Kruip M1
1
Rotterdam, Netherlands; 2European Technology for Business,
Codicote, UK; 3Department of Pediatric Hematology, Sophia
Childrens Hospital; 4Department of Rehabilitation Medicine,
Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Background: Hemophilia is characterized by joint and muscle bleeds
that can result in cartilage destruction and irreversible arthropathy.
Prophylactic replacement therapy aims to prevent arthropathy. The
Hemophilia Joint Health Score (HJHS) monitors joint status. However, this is based on individual joint assessment and does not integrate
the impact of multiple-joint arthropathy or muscle bleeds. Previous
studies showed that video-based gait analysis can detect hemophilic
arthropathy progression. Gaitsmart is a new, easily applicable, portable device that digitally measures gait.
Aims: To establish whether Gaitsmart can detect gait abnormalities in
hemophilia.
Methods: Hemophilia patients 12 years without recent joint or muscle bleeds, who could walk without assistive devices were included
when informed consent was given. Six sensors were mounted on
calves, thighs and pelvis after which patients walked 20 meters. Gait
parameters included range of motion of knee, hip, calf, thigh, pelvis;
medial-lateral movement; stance flexion; joint symmetry; stride duration. A physical therapist assessed the HJHS. The study was approved
by the Erasmus University Medical Centers Medical Ethics Committee.
Results: In total 106 patients participated, median age 31 years (range
1284). The majority had hemophilia A (n = 93, 88%). Fifty-six
patients had severe (n = 31) or moderate (n = 25) hemophilia, 30
(28%) of whom used prophylaxis. In 29 patients (27%) arthropathy
was reported. Patients with clinical signs of knee or hip arthropathy
(median HJHS 9, IQR 311) had corresponding gait deviations. Gait
parameters in ankle arthropathy patients (n = 11) were within normal
limits. Gait deviations were found more often in patients with tertiary
compared to primary prophylaxis. Of 26 patients with HJHS=0, 4 had
aberrant gait parameters, mainly medial-lateral movement.
Conclusion: This exploratory study suggests that Gaitsmart provides
additional information to the HJHS and is able to identify hemophilia
patients with joint-specific arthropathy.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Stoof: None declared, D. Hodgins Employee
of: European Technology for Business, F. Leebeek: None declared, M.
Cnossen: None declared, H. Horemans: None declared, S. Praet: None
declared, M. Kruip Grant/Research Support from: Pfizer, unrestricted
research grant.
360
ABSTRACTS
PO268-MON
The effectiveness of exercise programme and
radioisotope synovectomy: in hemophilic patients
Evim MS1, Sekir U2, Baytan B1 and GuneS AM1
1
Pediatrics Hematology; 2Sport medicine, Uludag University,
Bursa, Turkey
Background: Repeated joint hemorrhages in hemophilic patients may
lead to development of hypertrophic synovia. In some circumstances
radioisotope synovectomy will become essential. Following synovectomy, an exercise programme to restore range of motion of joint is also
recommended.
Aims: The aim of the study is to investigate the effectiveness of combination radioisotope synovectomy with an exercise programme on the
possible improvements of the range of motion.
Methods: A total of 11 male severe hemophilic patients (mean age
14.6 7.4 years) were enrolled into this study. Ten patients had
Hemophilia-A and one had Hemophilia-B. Four patients had inhibitor
for FVIII. All patients were receiving prophylaxis with factor concentrates before and after synovectomy. Radioisotope synovectomy with
Yitrium-90 was performed in 12 knee joints. Following this procedure,
the patients were advised to perform range of motion and isometric
strengthening exercises 57 day/week for a minimum of 4 weeks at
home. Range of motion exercises consisted of knee bending and knee
straightening exercises. Additionally, isometric quadriceps and hamstring muscles strengthening was started. Knee joint range of motion
evaluations were performed 1 week before the radioisotope synovectomy and within 23 months after the procedure and exercise programme with a goniometer. The deficits in knee flexion and extension
were measured.
Results: We didnt observe any complication after synovectomy. There
werent new bleedings in 7 patients and the bleeding episodes in four
decreased noticeably. The deficits flexion decreased significantly from
25 13 to 14 12 (P = 0.009). Similarly, the deficits extension
showed a significant improvement from 7 9 to 2 3( P = 0.048).
Conclusion: Our data confirmed the effectiveness of the combination
of radioisotope synovectomy and range of motion and strengthening
exercises in the treatment of chronic hemophilic synovitis.
PO269-MON
Adherence to treatment in patients with haemophilia
in Germany
Miesbach W1 and Kalnins W2
1
University Hospital, Frankfurt; 2DHG, Hamburg, Germany
Background: Adherence to treatment is essential in chronic diseases
and haemophilia.
Aims: This study investigates adherence in members of the German
haemophilia patient organisation (DHG) using the translation of the
validated VERITAS-Pro questionaire that contains six different subscales (time, dose, plan, remember, skip and communicate). Additionally, data about the social status, pain levels and co-morbidities of the
patients were evaluated.
Methods: In total, 424 patients fulfilled the questionnaire (86.1% haemophilia A, 13.9% haemophilia B) of whom 89.2% had severe haemophilia. The mean age was 33.0 years (085 years). Mann-Whitney-Utest and Kruskal-Wallis test were used to test the association between
different scores as well as the demographic and clinical data.
Results: VERITAS-Pro scores were significantly higher showing poorest adherence in patients between 20 until 59 years compared to the
other age groups. Adherence to treatment was highest in patients
between 0 and 14 years and between 60 and 85 years. In the patients
younger than 14 years the subscales time, plan and remember showed
significantly different results whereas in patients older than 60 years
subscales as time and remember differed significantly from younger

patients. A multivariate analysis showed further significant differences
of the score in patients with the presence of co-morbidities (hypertension), self-infusion and treatment by a haemophilia centre.
Conclusion: Adherence to treatment in patients with haemophilia differs mostly dependent on the age of the patients.
PO270-MON
Prophylaxis practices in children and adults with
hemophilia A or B and inhibitors
Carcao M1, Avila M1, Aledort L2, Leissinger C3 and on behalf of
Factor Utilization Expert Working Group of the International
Prophylaxis Study Group IPSG and other Survey Investigators
1
Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada;
2
The Mary Weinfeld Professor of Clinical Research in
Hemophilia, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York; 3Tulane
University School of Medicine, New Orleans, USA
Background: Prophylaxis is standard of care in persons with severe
hemophilia A (HA) or B (HB) without inhibitors in many countries.
In patients with inhibitors (H+I) prophylaxis is less commonly used.
Aims: We conducted a global survey to assess the extent and patterns
of prophylaxis use (as of Dec 31, 2013) in this population.
Methods: Hemophilia Treatment Centers (HTCs) were asked to report
on children (<18y) and adults either on, or not on immune tolerance
induction (ITI), and on their use of bypassing agent prophylaxis (BAP).
Results: One hundred and twelve centers from 14 countries in North
America, Australasia and Western Europe reported on 645 H+I
patients (337 children; 308 adults).
Children: 41% were on ITI alone; 17% were on both ITI and BA-P;
16% were on BA-P alone while 26% were on neither ITI nor BA-P.
Adults: 8% were on ITI alone; 4% were on both ITI and BA-P; 15%
were on BA-P alone while 73% were on neither ITI nor BA-P.
Consequently 74% of H+I children were on ITI or BA-P or both while
73% of H+I adults are on neither (raising concern regarding their
bleeding status). For patients not on ITI proportionally more children
were on BA-P then adults; 2 P < 0.001. For patients on ITI the use
of BA-P was equivalent between children and adults. Overall more
patients were on prophylaxis with FEIBA (149 pts) than with rFVIIa
(55 pts). Among patients not on ITI an even higher proportion were
on FEIBA (83 pts) vs. rFVIIa (25 pts) prophylaxis. For patients on
ITI (adults and children) the most common BA-P regimen was daily
for both FEIBA and rFVIIa while for patients not on ITI there was
slightly more use of non-daily regimens (EOD or 3 days per week) for
both rFVIIa and FEIBA.
Conclusion: This is the largest survey of patients with H+I. Use of ITI
is considerably different between children and adults. Few adults are
placed on ITI despite reports suggesting that ITI outcomes in adults
are quite good. Similarly few adults are on BA-P. Our survey did not
capture longterm patient outcome data; this needs to be evaluated.
ABSTRACTS
PO271-MON
Current status of older patients with hemophilia:
insights from a cross-sectional pan-european study
Holme PA1, Tait R2,Combescure C3, Berntorp E4,
Rauchensteiner S5, de Moerloose P6 and on behalf of ADVANCE
Working Group
1
Department Of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo,
Norway; 2Department Of Haematology, Royal Infirmary,
Glasgow, UK; 3Division of clinical epidemiology, University
Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; 4Centre of Thrombosis
and Haemostasis, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden; 5Global
Medical Affairs Hematology, Bayer Healthcare, Berlin, Germany;
6
Hemostasis Unit, Hospital Universitaire de Geneve, Geneva,
Switzerland
Background: Hemophilia centers in Europe increasingly see older
patients with comorbidities as the life expectancy of people with hemophilia in developed countries improves.
Aims: The ADVANCE Working Group aimed to characterize the
cohort of patients aged over 40 years with severe (<1% FVIII), moderate (15% FVIII) and mild (>540% FVIII) hemophilia by disease
severity and age, in a pan-European cross-sectional study.
Methods: Clinicians in 16 centers screened a representative selection of
patients in 2011/13. Following IRB approval, each center documented
clinical and demographic data on consenting patients at a single clinic
visit.
Results: Five hundred and nine patients with hemophilia were
recruited (88% hemophilia A, 12% hemophilia B; 58% severe; 11%
moderate, 31% mild). Median age was 52 years (range 3598 years).
More patients with severe than mild hemophilia were HIV positive
(90/295, 30.5% vs 6/158, 3.8%), HCV positive (259/292, 89% vs 64/
158, 41%), and had chronic liver disease (29.7 vs 16.6%). Irrespective
of age, severe hemophilia patients had lower median BMI (25.3 vs.
26 kg m; P < 0.0001) and waist circumference (95 cm vs. 101 cm)
than mild patients, and had lower rates of full-time employment
(43.9% vs. 48.3%). Rates of malignancy were 5.3%, ischemic heart
disease 5.6%, renal disease 5.4%, and diabetes 9.5%. Rates were lower
in severe compared with mild hemophilia. Median creatinine clearance
values (eGFR 116 ml min1 vs. 106 mL min1; P = 0.003) were
improved and total cholesterol values (4.5 mmol l1 vs.
4.9 mmol L1; P = 0.02) lower in severe than mild hemophilia.
Conclusion: Historic HIV and hepatitis infection continues to affect
the age distribution of the hemophilia population in Europe and the
health status of affected individuals. CVD rates are low in older PWH
and are more often seen in those with mild disease; they do occur in
severe disease. Management advice is needed.
PO272-MON
Comparing thrombin generation in patients with
haemophilia A and patients on vitamin K antagonists
De Koning M-S1, Fischer K1, Laat BD2, Huisman A3, Ninivaggi M2
and Schutgens R1
1
Van Creveldkliniek, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht;
2
Synapse, Maastricht; 3Department of Clinical Chemistry and
Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht,
Netherlands
Background: There is a lack of knowledge to what degree the deficiency in clotting factor VIII protects against thrombotic complications of atrial fibrillation. Therefore, it is unknown whether patients
with haemophilia A (PWH) and atrial fibrillation require treatment
with vitamin K antagonists (VKAs).
361
Aims: To investigate the haemostatic potential in PWH and patients

on VKAs using thrombin generation (TG).
Methods: TG, initiated with 1 pM tissue factor, was measured with a
Calibrated Automated Thrombogram in 133 patients with severe
(n = 15) and non-severe (n = 118) haemophilia A, and in 81 patients
on VKAs with an international normalized ratio (INR) 2.0. All subjects were male and 18 years old. TG was expressed by lagtime,
endogenous thrombin potential (ETP/area under the curve), peak,
time to peak and velocity index. Results of PWH and patients on
VKAs were compared according to haemophilia severity.
Results: Compared to healthy controls, all patients (PWH and patients
using VKAs) had lower median ETP (P < 0.001). ETP in non-severe
PWH was significantly higher (median 335 nM, IQR 215519) than in
patients on VKAs (156, IQR 90225) and in those with severe haemophilia (185, IQR 116307) (P < 0.001). ETP in severe PWH and
patients on VKAs were comparable (P = 0.08). The majority (93%) of
patients on VKAs had an ETP <300 nM. Considering this threshold,
73% of severe PWH, but only 47% of non-severe PWH had an ETP
<300 nM. Other TG parameters showed similar results.
Conclusion: Although lower than in healthy controls, patients with
non-severe haemophilia have a significantly better hemostatic potential than patients with severe haemophilia and patients on VKAs.
Approximately half of the patients with non-severe haemophilia had
higher ETP values than patients with a therapeutic INR. These results
suggest that anticoagulation treatment should be considered in a large
proportion of patients with non-severe haemophilia and atrial fibrillation.
PO273-MON
Coated platelet levels in severe hemophilia do not
correlate to bleeding phenotype
Lastrapes K1, Mohammed B2, Martin E2, Monroe D3,
Hoffman M3, Nolte M4, Kuhn J4, Barrett J5 and Brophy D2
1
Department of Pediatrics, Virginia Commonwealth University;
2
Department of Pharmacotherapy & Outcomes Science, Virginia
Commonewealth University, Richmond, Virginia; 3Division of
Hematology/Oncology, University of North Carolina, Chapel
Hill, NC; 4Department of Internal Medicine; 5Division of
Hematology/Oncology, Virginia Commonewealth University,
Richmond, Virginia, USA
Background: Coated platelets (CP) are a subpopulation of platelets
with enhanced pro-coagulant activity following dual stimulation with
agonists. The levels of CP formed in vivo are thought to play a pivotal
role in hemostatic thrombus formation and structure. CP have high
phosphatidylserine exposure on their surfaces and inactivated integrin
GP IIb/IIIa. Normal individuals have CP in the range of 1555%. In a
single report, mean CP levels of 30% were reported in hemophilia
patients; and those with a severe bleeding phenotype had significantly
less compared to a mild phenotype.
Aims: To quantify CP levels in hemophilia patients versus healthy controls; and to determine whether CP level significantly differs between
bleeding phenotype (mild < 5 bleeds; severe 5 bleeds per year).
Methods: Twenty subjects were enrolled including 16 severe factor VIII
deficient patients (11 severe and 5 mild bleeding phenotype) and 4
healthy volunteers. The CP percentage was quantified using flow
cytometry following dual stimulation with convulxin and thrombin
simultaneously. Both Annexin V positive staining and PAC-1 negative
staining were used to quantify CP.
Results: Mean (SD) CP levels in the control group 33(13)% were significantly higher than in hemophilia patients 17(8)%, P = 0.004. Both
the mild and severe bleeding phenotypes had significantly lower CP
levels compared to controls. The mild phenotype had mean CP of 14
362
ABSTRACTS
(5)%; the severe phenotype had 18 (8)%, which were not significantly
different from one another.
Conclusion: Severe hemophilia patients have lower CP levels compared
to normal, healthy volunteers. Based on the bleeding definition cutoff
used in this study, CP levels did not differ among the hemophilia
bleeding phenotypes.
PO274-MON
Successful immune tolerance induction in an adult
with hemophilia a and chronic inhibitor a case study
Sholzberg M, Floros G and Teitel J
St. Michaels Hospital, Toronto, Canada
Background: Immune tolerance induction (ITI) is not often pursued in
adults with hemophilia A (HA) complicated by long-standing inhibitors, as they generally have a poor likelihood of ITI success, and the
inhibitor may have little effect on life expectancy. However, as agerelated comorbidities and the need for general/orthopedic surgery
increases, strategies to mitigate bleeding risk, including ITI therapeutic
trials, become increasingly important.
Aims: The aim of this case study was to evaluate the effectiveness of
ITI using a von Willebrand factor:factor VIII concentrate (VWF:
FVIII) in an adult HA patient with a FVIII inhibitor.
Methods: A 21-year-old man with severe HA due to a donor splice site
mutation and an inhibitor of 18 years duration presented with a history of major bleeding episodes, and a failed ITI attempt (3.5 years
with recombinant FVIII). Sixteen years after the inhibitor arose, he
begun a VWF:FVIII ITI regimen of 100 U kg1 daily, plus activated
prothrombin complex concentrate (aPCC) prophylaxis (50 U kg1
every other day).
Results: Within 6 months, the inhibitor titer was undetectable, and
FVIII activity began to rise. At this time, aPCC prophylaxis was discontinued. Within 8 months of starting VWF:FVIII ITI, the recovery
of FVIII was >66% of predicted at two consecutive appointments.
After 17 months of ITI, the VWF:FVIII dose was reduced by half to
50 U kg1 daily for longterm prophylaxis. Inhibitor titers have
remained undetectable, and the patient has been free of bleeding symptoms.
Conclusion: ITI with a VWF:FVIII concentrate was found to be a safe,
effective management approach for an adult patient with severe HA
complicated by a long-standing inhibitor. A VWF:FVIII concentrate
may be considered as an ITI alternative for other adults with HA and
inhibitor, even after an unsuccessful attempt at ITI with recombinant
FVIII.
PO275-MON
Prophylactic approach to reccurrent bleeding in
hemophilia with inhibitors
Zulfikar B1, Koc B1 and Ozdemir N2
1
Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty And Oncology
Institute, Department Of Pediatric Hematology And Oncology;
2
Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of
Pediatric Haematology and Oncology, ISTANBUL, Turkey
Background: People with haemophilia with inhibitors are at high risk
for severe and uncontrolled bleeding. Prophylactic treaTment with
active prothrombin complex concentrate (aPCC) and recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) may reduce the frequency of bleeding.
Aims: Aim is to show our prophylactic approach in haemophilia with
inhibitors.
Methods: Patients with inhibitors who are on bypass-factor concentrate prophylaxis are enrolled. Age, highest inhibitor titre and bleeding
frequency before and after treatment at the end of the one calendar
year were recorded.
Results: Thirteen of the 24 haemophiliacs with inhibitors were treated
with aPCC or rFVIIa as a prophylaxis. aPCC was given 5075U kg1
per dose twice or three times a week and rFVIIa was given 90 l kg1
one or twice a day. Twelve patients were on aPCC prophylaxis and
one on rFVIIa. Median bleeding frequency was 4 per month (range: 2
16 per month). Nine of 12 patients on aPCC prophylaxis had a marked
decrease in bleeding frequncy (>75%) while one had a partial decrease
(38%). One patient with an excellent response to aPCC experienced
respiratory distress after aPCC infusion and prophylaxis regime was
changed. aPCC did not decrease bleeding frequency in two patients
and was stopped. One patient who was unresponsive to aPCC prophylaxis was given rFVIIa prophylaxis and had a partial decrease in bleeding.
Conclusion: Clinically relevant reduction in bleeding frequency was
achived with bypassing agent prophylaxis. aPCC and rFVIIa may be
effective prophylactic treatment choice for patients with inhibitors.
PO276-MON
Utilization of anti-inhibitors products and inhibitors
status of severe hemophilia patients: 5 years national
data from the Canadian hemophilia assessment and
resource management system
Traore A1, Chan A1, Iorio A1, Heddle N2, Walker I1 and on behalf
of Association of Hemophilia Clinic Directors of Canada
1
Association of Hemophilia Clinic Directors of Canada;
2
Mcmaster Tranfusion Research Program, Hamilton, Canada
Background: The infusion of coagulation factor concentrates (FC) to
treat patient with hemophilia, an inherited bleeding disorders, may
cause the development of alloantibodies (inhibitors) against FC,
reducing the effectiveness of FC. Anti-inhibitors products (anti-INH),
rFVIIa and FEIBA, are infused to manage these inhibitors (INH).
The Canadian Hemophilia Assessment and Resource Management
System (CHARMS) tracks these infusions.
Aims: To identify the inhibitors status of severe hemophilia patients
who infused anti-INH at least once over a 5 years period, the type of
products infused and the reasons of infusion.
Methods: A longitudinal analysis of infusions data from hospitals and
patients bleed diaries of 25 Canadian Hemophilia Treatment Centres
was conducted using the national CHARMS database annual subsets.
Results: From 2009 to 2013, 83 severe male hemophilia patients (94%
Hemophilia A) infused anti-INH at least once. At their first infusion
during the study period, 42% were adult. A total of 37 patients (45%)
had 5 years of data available. During these 5 years, 15 patients were
always recorded as INH negative(-)) [18%, group 1], 51 remained INH
positive(+) [61%, group 2], 5 became INH+ [6%, group 3] and 12 went
from INH+ to INH- [14%, group 4]. Overall, 67% of patient infused
anti-INH and FC, 33% infused anti-INH exclusively. The proportions
of patients who infused both rFVIIa and FEIBA was 40% in group 1,
57% in group 2, 33% in group 3 and 20% in group 4; there was no significant difference between these proportions (P = 0.08). The proportion of patients who infused anti-INH only for prophylaxis was 27%
in group 1, 26% in group 2, 33% in group 3 and 0% in group 4.
Conclusion: The majority of patients who infused anti-INH were
recorded as inhibitors positive at least once. Most patients did not
infused solely one brand of anti-INH, they infused both brands or with
FC. Only a quarter of the patients infused anti-INH products exclusively for prophylaxis.
ABSTRACTS
PO277-MON
Reliability of patient-reported outcome (PRO)
instruments in US adult people with hemophilia (pwh):
the pain functional impairment and quality of life (PFIQ) study
Wang M1, Neff A2, Shapiro A3, Kulkarni R4, Reding M5,
Kuriakose P6, Kessler C7, Witkop M8, Kempton C9 and
Cooper D10
1
University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO;
2
Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; 3Indiana
Hemophilia & Thrombosis Center, Indianapolis, IN; 4Michigan
State University, East Lansing, MI; 5University of Minnesota
Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN; 6Henry Ford Health System,
Detroit, MI; 7Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC;
8
Munson Medical Center, Traverse City, MI; 9Emory University
School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; 10Novo Nordisk Inc.,
Plainsboro, NJ, USA
Background: Hemophilia is marked by frequent hemarthrosis, resulting in pain and functional impairment. Standardized and disease-specific patient-reported outcome (PRO) instruments have been used in
studies of PWH but not validated.
Aims: To assess reliability of PRO instruments in nonbleeding PWH.
Methods: Sequential adult male PWH (mild-severe) with a history of
joint pain or bleeding completed a pain history and PROs (EQ-5D-5L,
Brief Pain Inventory [BPI], SF-36, International Physical Activity
Questionnaire [IPAQ], and Hemophilia Activities List [HAL]) during
routine visits. Patients were initially asked to complete the PROs again
at the end of a ~34 h visit until ~150 had done so.
Results: Three hundred and eighty one patients enrolled between 10/
2013 and 10/2014; 164 (87.7% of initial 187) completed the retest.
Median age of the retest cohort was 33.9 (Q1, Q3, 26.9, 46.0). Median time for completion of initial survey/PROs was 36.0 min and
for PRO retest was 21.0 min. Most had hemophilia A (74.4%),
were white non-Hispanic (72.6%), and employed (80.7%); 48.7%
were married, and 61.0% were overweight or obese. More reported
HCV (49.4%) than HIV (16.5%); 61.0% self-reported arthritis/
bone/joint problems. Median test-retest concordance of individual
items was EQ-5D-5L, 80.0%; BPI, 54.5%; SF-36, 77.8%; IPAQ,
100.0%, and HAL, 77.4%. Median time between tests was 1.52 h.
Intraclass correlation coefficients for test-retest reliability were EQ5D-5L Index, 0.890; BPI severity, 0.950; BPI interference,
0.920; SF-36 overall health, 0.910 (subscores 0.7600.960); IPAQ
total activity, 0.940 (vigorous 0.950, moderate 0.980); HAL total
score, 0.970 (subscores 0.7800.960).
Conclusion: All 5 PRO instruments appear to be reliable and provide
different levels of detail in describing impact of hemophilia on pain
and function and consequently have varied burden of administration.
Specific instruments should therefore be tailored to the study design or
clinical need for specific outcome assessment.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Wang Consultant for: Novo Nordisk Inc.,
A. Neff Grant/Research Support from: Novo Nordisk Inc., Consultant for: Novo Nordisk Inc., Alexion, Baxter, A. Shapiro Consultant
for: Baxter BioScience, Novo Nordisk Inc., Biogen IDEC, ProMetic
Life Sciences, Kedrion Biopharma, R. Kulkarni Grant/Research Support from: Novo Nordisk Inc., Biogen, Baxter, OctaPharma, Bayer,
Consultant for: Novo Nordisk Inc., Biogen, Bayer, Baxter, Kedrion,
BPL, Pfizer, M. Reding Consultant for: Novo Nordisk Inc., Speaker
Bureau of: Novo Nordisk Inc., P. Kuriakose: None declared, C. Kessler Grant/Research Support from: Novo Nordisk Inc., Consultant for:
Novo Nordisk Inc., M. Witkop Grant/Research Support from: Pfizer
Inc, Consultant for: Baxter BioScience, Novo Nordisk Inc., Pfizer
Inc., Speaker Bureau of: Novo Nordisk Inc., C. Kempton Grant/
Research Support from: Novo Nordisk Inc., Consultant for: Baxter,
Biogen, CSL Behring, Kedrion, D. Cooper Employee of: Novo Nordisk Inc.
363
PO278-MON
Acquired hemophilia in patient with chronic
myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML1)-a case report
Ceglarek B1, Wasilewski R1, Bykowska K2, Sikorska A1, Baran B2,
Odnoczko E2, Wiszniewski A3 and Windyga J1
1
Department of Disorders of Hemostasis and Internal Medicine;
2
Department of Hemostasis and Metabolic Disorders;
3
Department of Vascular Surgery, Institute Of Hematology And
Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
Background: Acquired hemophilia (AH) is one of the most severe
diathesis haemorrhagica. It is caused by IgG autoantibodies interfering against the A2 or C2 domain of factor VIII and decreasing its
coagulant activity. AH is characterized by severe bleeding diathesis
(gastrointestinal or genitourinary hemorrhage). Pathogenesis of inhibitor is unknown but it can be associated with other autoimmune disorders and the older age suggest immune dysregulation. AH can coexist
with malignances, infections, medications or pregnancies.
Aims: Acquired hemophilia in patient with chronic myelomonocytic
leukemia (CMML1).
Methods: Patient 63y suffering from lichen planus, nephrolithiasis, steroid osteoporosis complicated left side costa VII and vertebra Th7
fracture and absolute vertebral canal stenosis, after acute pancreatitis
and implant of aortal-femoral prosthesis was admitted in a good condition for severe hemorrhagic diathesis of upper and lower limbs,
splenomegaly. Results of laboratory tests: factor VIII activity-2%, factor VIII antibodies -8.5 Bethesda Units mL1, correction test APTT
was positive, WBC-77.33 G L1 (blood smear: myelocytes-7%, metamyelocytes-20%, Bands-6%, Segmented-44%, lymphocytes-11%,
monocytes-12%), anemia-IIo WHO (Hb-9.9 g dL1), FAG-0, OB-70.
No JAK2 V617V and BCR-ABL p190, p210, p230 t(9;22)(q34;q11)
mutations were detected. Karyotype was normal, bone marrow biopsy
showed CMML1 manifestation.
Results: Due to active bleeding diathesis treatment with activated prothrombin complex concentrates at doses of 50 units every 12 h for
3 days, than Prednisone in dose 1 mg kg1 for 6 weeks were performed. Clinical improvement was achieved (no bleeding diathesis,
increase of factor VIII activity to 43%). After Prednisone Hydroxyurea (1.0 g daily) was administered. Overall response was 13 months
and overall survival was 17 months.
Conclusion: Treatment of acquired hemophilia with aPCC and steroids
allowed to achieved clinical response and Hydrea therapy for CMML1
could be introduced.
PO279-MON
Results of radiosynovectomy in children with severe
hemophilia and factor VIII or IX inhibitor
Laguna P1, Cwikla J2, Zbikowski P3, Klukowska A1 and
Matysiak M1
1
Paediatrics, Haematology and Oncology, Medical University Of
Warsaw, Warsaw; 2Radiology&DiagnosticImaging, Medical
University, Olsztyn; 3Orthopedics, Hospital of Ministry Innterial,
Warsaw, Poland
Background: One of the complications of bleeds in children with severe
hemophilia and factor VIII or IX inhibitor is arthopathy.
Aims: To evaluate the clinical benefits of radiosynovectomy (RS) in
children with hemophilia, reduce bleeds and improve progression free
survival (PFS).
Methods: Seven patients aged 916 years, (mean age 13.6 years) were
included in the study 5 had hemophilia A with inhibitor factor VIII
and two had hemophilia B with inhibitor factor IX. 186 Recolloid was
injected. Into 6 knee joints and 5 elbow joints In three cases injections
364
ABSTRACTS
were repeated once due to recurrence bleeds. Activity of injected

186Re colloid was dependent on type and size of joints(range: 60
180 MBq). All patients received Novoseven in doses of 90/100 lg kg1
before the injection. The next doses were given after 2 h, after 3 h and
then again after 3 h. FEIBA was administered 3 h later. No bleeding
into joints was observed for 2 days after surgery. Post therapy imaging
was performed in each case 1 h after injection of radioisotopes, and
then on day 2 and 3. The number of bleedings into joints per month,
improvement of joint movements, and other clinical changes were
evaluated before and after therapy in 3 months intervals. US images
were used to assess changes in joint effusion and synovial overgrowth.
PFS in terms of significant clinical improvement within joints was
assessed using standard Kaplan Meier methods. The prognostic significance of selected parameters was tested using discriminate function
analysis.
Results: After injection of 186Re into joints, post-therapeutic images
showed intraarticular distribution of tracer and there was no leakage.
A significant reduction in bleeds into joints was noted before therapy
(mean 1.7 per month)and after treatment(mean 0.6 per month,
P < 0.001).
Conclusion: This study suggests that the use of 186Re in early stages of
arthropatic haemophilia reduces the number of bleeds into joints and
impoves PFS.
PO280-MON
F8 mutation and inhibitor development in severe factor
VIII deficiency: results from the Irish national database
Jenkins V1, Keenan C1, White B1, O Donnell J1,2, Ryan K1,
Nolan B3 and Connell NO1
1
National Centre for Hereditary Coagulation Disorders, St
Jamess Hospital; 2Haemostasis Research Group, IMM, Trinity
College; 3Haematology Department, Our Ladys Childrens
Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
Background: Neutralising inhibitory antibodies to factor VIII therapy
is the most significant challenge in the treatment of severe haemophilia
A. Inhibitor development is influenced by heritable and treatment
related issues with the F8 mutation one of the most significant predisposing factors.
Aims: The Irish haemophilia A database was reviewed to determine
the association between inhibitor occurrence and F8 gene mutation.
Methods: F8 mutations and the presence or absence of FVIII inhibitor
and levels were determined by standard methods.
Results: Data was available on 177 of 185 patients registered with
severe haemophilia A. F8 mutations were identified in 176 patients;
comprising 65 F8 Int22 h inversion events (37%); 47 small indels
(27%), 47 missense mutations (27%), 8 nonsense mutations (4.5%),
4 patients with deletions of one exon or more (2%) and 2 patients
with splice site mutations (1%). 45 patients were described as inhibitor positive. 20 of 45 are high responders (>5 BU), as measured by
the Bethesda assay, the remaining 25 are low responders (<5BU).
Mutation data was available on all patients with inhibitors; 2 of 4
patients with gross deletions (50%), and 24 of 67 F8int22 h inversion patients were inhibitor positive (36%). These two mutation
types were present in the inhibitor positive cohort at a higher frequency than in the inhibitor negative group. 9 of 49 patients with
small indels (18%); 1/8 with nonsense mutations (12.5%), 9/47
patients (19%) with missense mutations, 0/2 patients with splice site
mutations were inhibitor positive. These patient groups were present
at a lower frequency in the inhibitor positive group compared to
the inhibitor negative group. Six different mutations were identified
in the 9 patients with missense mutations and inhibitors. There was
no apparent difference between mutation types in the low and high
responders.
Conclusion: Gross deletions and the F8 intron 22 h inversion events

confer the highest risk of inhibitor development to patients with severe
haemophilia A in Ireland.
PO281-MON
Patient preferences for FVIII and BAX 855: results from
the BAX 855 pivotal trial
Epstein J1, Schwartz E1, Abbuehl B2 and Ewenstein B1
1
Baxter, Westlake Village, USA; 2Baxter, Vienna, Austria
Background: BAX 855 is pegylated recombinant Factor VIII based on
ADVATE. It was developed as an option to further personalize care
and improve outcomes in people with hemophilia A. As a new therapy, it is important to understand patient satisfaction and preferences
relative to their prior treatment.
Aims: To describe patient satisfaction with and preference for FVIII
and BAX 855 as reported in the pivotal trial.
Methods: BAX 855 was studied in a 6-month, phase 2/3, multi-center,
open label study. Subjects in Arm A received 45 5 IU/kg of BAX
855 twice weekly while subjects in Arm B infused BAX 855 ondemand. Patient preference and satisfaction were included as exploratory endpoints. Patient satisfaction was captured using a 5-item Likert scale at baseline for their prior FVIII therapy and at follow-up for
BAX 855. Patient preference for BAX 855 or their prior FVIII therapy
was captured at follow-up. IRB approval and informed consent were
obtained. The percent of very satisfied and satisfied patients were combined for this analysis. Results were reported for all patients and by
treatment arm.
Results: One hundred and thirty eight patients were in the intent to
treat (ITT) sample. The majority of patients in the ITT sample completed the satisfaction questionnaire, however the number varied
slightly by question and visit. While 79.4% (100 of 126) of patients
were satisfied with their prior FVIII at baseline, satisfaction increased
to 90.1% (109 of 121) with BAX 855 and 84.7% (100 of 118) preferred
BAX 855 over their prior FVIII. Of the 85 patients in Arm A previously on prophylaxis, 18 patients in Arm A previously on-demand,
and 15 patients in Arm B previously on-demand, 83.5%, 88.9% and
86.7% preferred BAX 855 over their prior FVIII, respectively.
Conclusion: Notably, patients enrolled in the BAX 855 trial had a high
degree of satisfaction with their prior FVIII therapy. Nonetheless,
treatment with BAX 855 was successful in further improving patient
satisfaction with the majority of patients preferring it over their prior
FVIII product.
Disclosure of Interest: J. Epstein Shareholder of: Baxter, Employee of:
Baxter, E. Schwartz Shareholder of: Baxter, Employee of: Baxter, B.
Abbuehl Shareholder of: Baxter, Employee of: Baxter, B. Ewenstein
Shareholder of: Baxter, Employee of: Baxter.
PO282-MON
Recurrent hematuria in hemophilia patients is not
indicative of the presence of an underlying cause
Mulders G1, Stoof S1, Leebeek F1, Busstra M2 and Kruip M1
1
Hematology; 2Urology, Erasmus University Medical Center,
Rotterdam, Netherlands
Background: The incidence of hematuria in the general population in
the Netherlands is 2.6%. In our hemophilia treatment center several
hemophilia patients present with hematuria each year. In order to
receive adequate treatment and identify a possible underlying urological or renal problem, a multi-disciplinary approach is needed. The
WFH guideline recommends clotting factor concentrate administra-
ABSTRACTS
tion when hematuria persists and evaluation by a urologist in case of
recurrent episodes.
Aims: To study the prevalence and treatment of hematuria in hemophilia A and B patients in our center with the overall aim to evaluate
the WFH guideline.
Methods: Records of all hemophilia A and B patients were evaluated
between 19832014 for hematuria episodes and corresponding treatment regimens.
Results: Of 245 hemophilia patients, 36 (15%) developed hematuria of
which the first episode was at a median age of 36 years (range 1187).
Eighteen patients (50%) received clotting factor concentrates, 10 of
which had recurrent hematuria. Twenty-eight patients (78%) were
referred to a urologist and received additional examinations (urine
analysis, bladder and upper urinary tract imaging, CT-scan, cystoscopy). Of the 16 patients with first episode of hematuria, 12 were
referred (75%) and 16 of 20 patients with recurrent hematuria were
referred (80%). Thirteen of 28 patients (46%) had an underlying cause
of hematuria, such as kidney stones, cystitis or angiomyolipoma. An
underlying cause was found as frequently in patients with recurrent
hematuria compared to a single episode. Patients in whom an underlying cause was identified were similar compared to patients without an
identified cause of hematuria.
Conclusion: These preliminary results show underlying problems in
around 50% of hemophilia patients presenting with hematuria,
regardless of a first or recurrent episode. We suggest additional investigations in case of hematuria irrespective of age or number of bleeding
episodes to identify and treat underlying disorders.
PO283-MON
Spontaneous intracranial bleeding is a major cause of
death in nonsevere hemophilia A patients
Loomans J1, Eckhardt C1, Van Velzen A1, Peters M1, MauserBunschoten E2, Schwaab R3, Mazzucconi M4, Tagliaferri A5,
Siegmund B6, Reitter-Pfoertner S7, der Bom J8, Fijnvandraat K1
and on behalf of INSIGHT consortium
1
Pediatric Hematology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam;
2
Hematology, Van Creveldkliniek, Utrecht, Netherlands;
3
Experimental Haematology and Transfusion Medicine,
University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; 4Dipartimento di
Biotechnologi Cellulari e Ematologia Sezione Ematologia, La
Sapienza, Rome; 5Centro di Riferimento Regionale per la cura
dellEmofilia e delle Malattie Emorragiche Congenite, Azienda
Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma, Italy; 6Hemophilia
Center and Institute for Thrombosis and Hemostasis,
nster, Germany;
Ambulanzzentrum an der Raphaelsklinik, Mu
7
Hamatologie/Hamostaseologie, Medizinische Universit
at Wien,
Vienna, Austria; 8Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden
University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
Background: Life expectancy of nonsevere hemophilia A patients without hepatitis or HIV equals the life expectancy of the non-hemophilic
population. However, data on hemophilia-related causes of death in
nonsevere hemophilia A patients are scarce. They may provide insight
in areas of care that can be improved.
Aims: To analyze bleeding-related causes of death in nonsevere hemophilia A patients.
Methods: The INSIGHT study is an international cohort study of all
nonsevere hemophilia A patients that were treated with factor VIII
concentrates during the observation period between 1980 and 2010 in
34 participating centers across Europe and Australia. Clinical data
and vital status were collected from 2709 patients. The 10th revision of
the International Classification of Diseases, Injuries, and Causes of
365
Death of the World Health Organization is used to classify the primary and secondary cause of death.
Results: In 62 of the 148 patients (42%) that died during the observation period, the cause of death was related to hemophilia A. In this
group of 62 patients, 28 (45%) patients died from complications
related to hepatitis B/C (29%) or HIV (16%). In 34 patients (55%),
death was caused by bleeding which was an intracranial hemorrhage
in 20 (32%). Intracranial hemorrhage occurred spontaneously in 16
(26%).
Conclusion: In this cohort the cause of death is hemophilia-related in
nearly half (42%) of the deceased patients; spontaneous intracranial
bleeding being a major cause of death. These results stress the severity
of nonsevere hemophilia and the importance of early presentation to
specialized care. With the surprisingly high incidence of spontaneous
intracranial hemorrhage that was observed in this group, other risk
factors for intracranial hemorrhage may also have been present.
PO284-MON
Reliable RNA retrieval from low-volume paxgene tubes
in simulated real world next generation sequencing
(RNA-SEQ): Gena-05 substudy pilot
Batty P1, Mein C2, Wozniak E2 and Hart D1
1
The Royal London Hospital Haemophilia Centre; 2Genome
Centre, Barts And The London School Of Medicine And
Dentistry, London, UK
Background: Evaluation of the dynamic changes in gene expression
(RNA-Seq) at first exposure to Factor VIII in previously untreated
patients with severe haemophilia A may provide early markers of
inhibitor risk and mechanistic insights. Due to RNA fragility, there is
a requirement for stabilisation at the point of sampling. We evaluated
a modified low volume sample tube (1 mL) to assess feasibility of paediatric use.
Aims: To assess RNA (mRNA & miRNA) quantity (concentration)
and quality (integrity: RIN) obtained using a modified PAXgene RNA
tube and the effect of simulated pre-analytical variables.
Methods: Whole blood samples from healthy adult controls (n = 20)
were obtained with informed consent using the 1 mL modified (M) or
2.5 mL standard (S) RNA tube. The effect of sample volume, incubation and freeze time were also evaluated.
Results: Comparison of modified and standard tubes demonstrated a
significant difference in the RNA concentration obtained (M 66.5 v S
153.0 ng lL1, P = 0.0002) and a small, but significant difference in
RIN (M 6.8 vs.. S 7.8, P = 0.02). RNA concentration was significantly
affected by incubation time and sample volume, but not freezing.
RNA integrity was not significantly affected by incubation time, freezing or sample volume. No correlation was seen between reporter gene
expression (DNA topoisomerase 1) and RNA concentration or integrity. Subsequent study phases to optimise RNA extraction demonstrated higher mean integrities (5.9 v 7.4 v 8.4, P < 0.0001) with some
variability in RNA concentration (74.4 v 137.5 v 58.0 ng lL1,
P = 0.005). Recruitment to date in the GENA-05 RNA-Seq substudy
using this modified tube has accrued 95 samples from 27 patients from
sites in 6 countries.
Conclusion: Although lower concentrations of RNA were obtained
from assaying a lower blood volume, both the quantity and integrity
was maintained above that required for downstream analysis by
RNA-Seq. This modified tube offers a simple, low volume solution for
mRNA/miRNA sampling in paediatric studies.
Disclosure of Interest: P. Batty Grant/Research Support from: Octapharma and Baxter, C. Mein: None declared, E. Wozniak: None
declared, D. Hart Grant/Research Support from: Octapharma, Bayer
and Baxter, Speaker Bureau of: Pfizer, Novo Nordisk, Baxter.
366
ABSTRACTS
PO285-MON
U.S. surveillance of prophylaxis use among persons
with hemophilia a receiving care at hemophilia
treatment centers (HTCS)
Manco-Johnson M1, Byams V2, Cooke B2, Recht M3,
Aschman D4, Dudley B4, Voutsis M5, Oakley M2 and on behalf of
on behalf of the US Hemophilia Treatment Center Network
1
Pediatrics, University Of Colorado Denver|Anschutz, Aurora;
2
Div Blood Disorders/NCBDDD, CDC, Atlanta; 3Pediatrics,
Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland; 4American
Thrombosis and Hemostasis Network, Riverwoods; 5Medicine,
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
Background: Prophylactic replacement of clotting factor has been demonstrated as effective in the prevention of bleeding and arthropathy in
patients with severe hemophilia A (sHA). The World Federation of
Hemophilia and the National Hemophilia Foundation recommend
that primary prophylaxis be considered as first-line therapy for
patients with sHA and is defined as regular continuous treatment initiated in the absence of documented joint disease started before the second clinically evident joint bleed and age 3 years.
Aims: To determine the use of continuous prophylaxis (CP) and the
proportion of patients who began CP prior to the age of 3 among sHA
patients participating in the Community Counts (CC) project in the
USA Hemophilia Treatment Center Network (USHTCN).
Methods: From December 2013-January 2015, sHA patients at 81
HTCs were enrolled in the CC Registry, an initiative of the Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention, the American Thrombosis and Hemostasis Network and the USHTCN to monitor complications of
bleeding disorders. Data was collected about the patients treatment
regimen and, if on CP, the age at which CP was first started.
Results: Of the 867 sHA patients enrolled, 72.1% were on a CP regimen; episodic/on-demand (20.8%); event-based, short-term or intermittent prophylaxis (3.5%); Immune Tolerance Induction (ITI)
(2.1%); and CP with by-passing agents plus ITI (1.6%). 237(37.9%)
sHA patients on CP began prophylaxis before the age of 3, of whom
9% were less than 3, 34% were age 39 and 41% were age 1019.
More than half of adults over age 20 and without an inhibitor used
CP.
Conclusion: National practice trends and outcomes in hemophilia can
be determined using the CC Registry. The CC project enhances our
ability to measure whether treatment recommendations are translated
into clinical practice for patients receiving care through the USHTCN.
Bleeding events and barriers to the 24% of sHA patients not using CP
require further exploration.
PO286-MON
Assessment of inhibitor risk after switching from
plasma-derived factor VIII concentrate to recombinant
factor VIII (Brasil-RFVIII: brazilian study of inhibitor
linked to recombinant factor VIII)
Prezotti A1,2, Montalv~
ao S1, Marques A3, Ferreira C4,Oliveira L5,
Villaca P6, Ferreira Filho L7, Lorenzato C8, Medina S1, Araujo F9
and Ozelo M1
1
INCT do SANGUE - HEMOCENTRO UNICAMP, University of
Campinas- UNICAMP, CAMPINAS; 2Hematology, Hemocentro
Do Espirito Santo, Vitoria; 3Hematology, HEMORIO, Rio de
Janeiro; 4Hematology, Hemocentro do Rio Grande do Sul HEMORS, Porto Alegre; 5Hemocentro de Ribeirao Preto,
University of Sao Paulo- USP Ribeirao Preto, Ribeirao Preto;
6
Hematology, HCFMUSP- University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo;
7
Hematology, HEMOCENTRO DO CEARA- HEMOCE, Fortaleza;
8
Hematology, HEMOCENTRO DO PARANA- HEMEPAR, Paran
a;
9
Hematology, Hemocentro de Pernambuco- HEMOPE, Recife,
Brazil
Background: Inhibitors are one of the major complications of hemophilia A (HA) treatment. The impact of product switching on factor
VIII immunogenicity remains controversial. In Brazil, recombinant
factor VIII concentrate (rFVIII) became available since August 2013
for all HA patients under 30y.
Aims: To evaluate the occurrence of inhibitors in HA patients after
switching from plasma-derived FVIII concentrate (pdFVIII) to rFVIII.
Methods: Previously treated patients (PTP) with HA (FVIII <2UI dL1)
were enrolled in this study when switched from pdFVIII to rFVIII (Advate Baxter). Blood samples were collected to evaluate the presence of
inhibitor, immediately before switching and after 10, 20 and 50 exposure
days (ED) to rFVIII. Patients with detectable inhibitor (>0.6BU) immediately before switching were excluded. Inhibitor quantification >0.6BU in
two consecutive samples was considered positive.
Results: Three hundred and forty six HA patients, mean age 12.6 14
(11mo to 31y) completed 50DE to rFVIII. Overall 5 (1.5%) patients had
inhibitor presence confirmed in more than one sample. Two cases, 4 and
5y, with >100ED to pdFVIII before switching showed low titer inhibitor
with good response to prophylactic treatment with high dose rFVIII. Two
patients (9mo and 11mo) with history of 2 and 7ED to pdFVIII before
switching presented high-titer inhibitors (240BU and 15BU, respectively).
The last patient was 5y, had 30ED to pdFVIII before switching, and
developed high titer inhibitor (7.2BU) after 15ED to rFVIII.
Conclusion: In Brazil, switching among several different pdFVIII products is common. Recently, rFVIII became available in Brazil, representing a valuable opportunity for assessment of inhibitor risk related
to product switching (pdFVIII to rFVIII). In this study, all patients
with high-titer inhibitor were under 5y, and had less than 30ED to
pdFVIII before switching. Thus, it is not possible to determine the role
of product switching in clinically significant inhibitor development.
PO287-MON
Phenotypic profile of a child with severe hemophillia B
and inhibitors with novel mutation in the fix (F9) gene
Antevska ZT1, Glamocanin S2, Coneska B2, Ilijevska VD3 and
Stefanovska ES4
1
Hematology Oncology, University Childrens Hospital;
2
Hematology and Oncology, University Childrens Hospital;
3
HTC, Institut for Transfusion Medicine; 4Research Center for
Genetic Engineering and BiotechnologyGeorgi D.Efremov,
Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Skopje, Macedonia
Background: HEMOPHILLIA B(HB) is X-linked recessive bleeding
disorder, caused by mutations in the factor IX (F9) gene. It occurs in
ABSTRACTS
about 1:30 000 male births. Inhibitors occur in 1.53% of all persons
with HB, majority of persons who develop inhibitors have severe HB.
Our department is part of HTC Skopje where all children with bleeding disorders in our country are diagnosed and controlled. There are
56 children (018 years) with hemophilia, 22 with HB, 2 severe HB
and one HB with inhibitors.
Aims: Presentation of clinical manifestations of the child with severe
HB and inhibitors, who has novel mutation in the FIX(F9) gene.
Methods: Clinical assessment and echosonography was used for muscle bleedings; FIX activity was determined with one stage clotting
assay; Inhibitors were determined by Bethesda coagulation method.
Direct sequencing of the FIX gene coding regions using BigDye v1.1
Termination kit was performed for determination of the molecular
defect.
Results: The child with severe HB, FIX activity <0.2%, was diagnosed
at 2.5 years of age. He has novel mutation c.230_231delTT insA,
p.Val77Aspfs*27, Exon b (2) .The first episode of bleeding was treated
with pdFIX and continued with prophylaxis 30 IU kg1 BW, 2 x
weekly. After 17 ED minimal rise of inhibitors was registered (0.15
BU) After 21 ED and 24 ED the inhibitors raised on 1,9 BU and 4,0
BU. Next bleedings were treated with bolus doses of rFVIIa 270 lg kg
1
(followed by decreasing of inhibitors) or with pdFIX (only for two
haemarthroses, followed by rising of inhibitors).It was not registered
allergic reaction.During 5 years he had 1 major and 10 minor muscle
bleedings and 11 haemarthroses of the ankles and toes.
Conclusion: The child with severe HB and novel FIX(9) gene mutation,
c.230_231delTT insA, p.Val77Aspfs*27, Exon b (2), had no allergic
reactions on pdFIX and developed inhibitors early. He showed rare,
mainly muscle bleedings and the treatment was successful with bolus
doses of rFVIIa 270 lg kg1.
PO288-MON
Mild hemophilia a complicated by inhibitor after
surgery and factor replacement therapy
Escobar M1,Chandra S2, Wilson E3 and Chong K4
1
Hematology; 2Neurology; 3Surgery, University of Texas Health
Science Center; 4Pharmacy, Memorial Hermann Hospital,
Houston, USA
Background: The clinical landscape of the management of patients
with mild Hemophilia A has been altered due to the development of
inhibitors which present later in life (peak incidence at 66 years) than
in those with severe disease. Their clinical presentation can vary from
mild to life-threatening and its treatment can be quite challenging.
Aims: Sixty y/o gentleman with PMH of Hemophilia A FVIII: 7% had
a recent hemi-colectomy for a tubular adenoma with a prolonged hospital stay complicated by acute respiratory failure, acute renal failure,
septic shock, ischemic bowel and retroperitoneal bleed requiring multiple revision surgeries and an extensive rehabilitation. He was discharged home with FVIII prophylactic infusions.
Methods: Prior to this episode, he had rarely required FVIII and had
no history of spontaneous bleeds and his inhibitor assay was negative.
Two weeks after discharge, he presented to the ED with abdominal
pain accompanied severe anemia and a hemoglobin of 4 gm dL1 and
was diagnosed with a massive retroperitoneal bleed with areas of
active arterial extravasation beginning from the right mid-abdomen
adjacent to the surgical clips from his prior surgery, extending to the
right pelvis. His factor activity was noted to be <1%. A bypassing
agent was started immediate with the suspicion of an inhibitor and
guided coil embolization of the branches of the pancreatico-duodenal,
middle colic and right colic arteries. His inhibitor titers were initially
3.9 BU on admission, by D10 had increase to 7.3 BU.
Results: Concomitantly with bypassing agents, immune tolerance with
FVIII was started and by day 30 his inhibitor was negative. He
remained with FVIII infusions without any further bleeding.
367
Conclusion: The development of inhibitors in patients with mild hemophilia A can complicate their clinical presentation and makes their
management challenging. It is important that we identify the risk factors for inhibitor development, have alternative agents available and a
multi-disciplinary care team.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Escobar Grant/Research Support from: Pfizer, Consultant for: Pfizer, Novo Nordisk, Baxter, CSL Behring, Biogen, S. Chandra: None declared, E. Wilson: None declared, K. Chong:
None declared.
Heparin and heparinoids

PO290-MON
Disturbance of the hemostatic balance by
cardiopulmonary bypass surgery
Kremers R1,2, Bosch Y3, Mannens E1, Bloemen S1,2,
Wagenvoord R1, Dieri RA1 and Hemker C1,2
1
Synapse; 2Department of Biochemistry; 3Department of
Cardiothoracic Surgery, CARIM, Maastricht University,
Maastricht, Netherlands
Background: The hemostatic system is disturbed in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Hemodilution occurs due to the CPB procedure, coagulation factors are
consumed, and high doses of unfractionated heparin cause an elevated
antithrombin (AT) consumption. Because both pro- and anticoagulant
mechanisms are affected during surgery, it is difficult to determine
their individual effect on thrombin generation (TG).
Aims: Using a new approach to analyze the underlying processes of
TG separately, we aimed to determine the effect of CPB procedure on
prothrombin conversion and thrombin inactivation.
Methods: Plasma was collected from 30 patients undergoing CPB
before and after surgery. AT, a2Macroglobulin (a2M), and prothrombin levels were determined. TG was measured and prothrombin conversion and thrombin inactivation curves were extracted using a
validated algorithm.
Results: TG is reduced post-surgery as compared to pre-surgery (peak
226 64 vs. 320 62 nM; P < 0.001), and the plasma levels of AT,
a2M and prothrombin are decreased (P < 0.001). The total amount of
prothrombin converted during TG is reduced after surgery (402 218
vs. 701 181 nM; P < 0.001) and the maximum prothrombin conversion rate is reduced post-surgery as well (315 69 vs. 180 49 nM/
min) The thrombin decay capacity was lower after surgery
(0.68 0.16 vs. 0.43 0.23 min1), resulting in less thrombin-AT
(53%; P < 0.001) and less thrombin-a2M formation (85%; P < 0.001).
The in silico normalization of prothrombin conversion increased the
TG peak height above pre-surgical levels (143%). However, a slight
increase of prothrombin conversion (up to 83% of the pre-surgery
level) restores TG peak height to the pre-surgery level.
Conclusion: Pro- and anticoagulant mechanisms are attenuated during
CPB surgery. The hemostatic balance shifts toward bleeding, as prothrombin conversion and TG are reduced after surgery. TG can be
restored to pre-surgical levels by slightly increasing prothrombin conversion.
Disclosure of Interest: R. Kremers Employee of: Synapse, Y. Bosch:
None declared, E. Mannens: None declared, S. Bloemen Employee of:
Synapse, R. Wagenvoord Employee of: Synapse, R. Al Dieri
Employee of: Synapse, C. Hemker Employee of: Synapse
368
ABSTRACTS
PO291-MON
Bovine and porcine mucosal heparins exhibit similar
biologic profiles
Fareed J1, Nader H2, Lima M2, Hoppensteadt D1, Walenga J3,
Jeske W3, Lewis M1, Kumar E1, Raake W4 and Bakhos M3
1
Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, USA;
2
Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paoloa, Brazil; 3Thoracic
and Cardiovascular Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center,
Maywood, USA; 4Pharmakologe und Toxikolge, Baldham,
Germany
Background: In consideration of the limited supply of porcine heparin
(PH), which may result in a global shortage, the current discussions on
the reintroduction of bovine heparin (BH) are timely and justified.
Aims: This study compared five different batches each of BHs and PHs
both of mucosal origin.
Methods: Commercially available PHs and BHwere obtained from
various US and Brazilian vendors. USP reference standard heparin
(Lot F01187) was used to compare the potency of these two groups of
heparin utilizing ACT, aPTT, Heptest, Calcium Thrombin Time, antiXa and anti-IIa activities, as well as protamine and PF4 neutralization.
The interaction with HIT antibodies was studied using a pooled HIT
sera preparation. The molecular weight profile was determined by
HPLC.
Results: On a gravimetric basis, the anticoagulant activity of PH was
1030% higher in comparison to BH. PH exhibited higher anti-Xa
and anti-IIa activities. The USP cross referenced potency in the antiXa assay was 160 20 U mg1 for PH vs. 132 16 U mg1 for BH.
Protamine and PF4 titration profiles were comparable. In the HIT
assay, there was no difference in between the two groups. .The molecular weight of BH was 17.1 0.8 kDa, whereas that of PH was
16.6 0.5 k Da (P > 0.05).
Conclusion: While PH exhibits relatively stronger anticoagulant and
anti-protease activities, in other assays both BH and PH exhibit comparable compositional and functional profiles. Thus, BH may be considered as biosimilar to PH and can be accordingly defined and
developed for clinical use.
PO292-MON
Characterization of the antithrombotic fingerprint of
the branded and copies of the low molecular weight
enoxaparin using thrombin generation assay
Gerotziafast G1,2, Dreden PV3, Mbemba E4,Khartechi A1,
Walenga J5, Fareed J6 and Elalamy I1,2
1
Haematology, Tenon University Hospital; 2INSERM U938,
Faculte de Medecine Pierre et Marie Curie, Universit
e Paris VI,
Paris; 3Clinical Research, Diagnostica Stago, Gennevilliers;
4
Tenon University Hospital, Paris, France; 5Cardiovascular
Institute Loyola University Chicago; 6Department of Pathology,
Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, USA
Background: The patent protection of LMWHs expired so the definition of criteria for the biological similarity between LMWH copies
and the original product is a real need.
Aims: The present in vitro study, compared copies and branded enoxaparin using the specific anti-Xa activity and the calibrated automated
thrombogram assay.
Methods: Samples of platelet poor (PPP) and platelet rich plasma
(PRP) from 15 healthy volunteers were spiked with branded enoxaparin (Lovenox) or its copies (Cutenox, Dilutol, Enoxa, Fibrinox,
Loparin, Lupenox, Novex, Noxprin, Versa). The specific antiXa activity was measured in PPP and thrombin generation was
assessed in PPP and PRP in the presence of tissue factor or pancreatic

cancer cells BXPC3.
Results: The anti-Xa activity of enoxaparin copies ranged from 0.072
to 0.088 IU lg1, being lower as compared to the branded enoxaparin
(0.095 anti-Xa IU lg1). The potency of each copy to inhibit thrombin
generation varied in the three experimental systems. The presence of
platelets or pancreatic cancer cells BXPC3 in human plasma induced
significant modifications of the inhibitory efficiency of enoxaparin copies on thrombin generation which distinguished them from the
branded product.
Conclusion: Enoxaparin copies showed significant variability regarding
their inhibitory potency on thrombin generation. Platelets and cancer
cells significantly increased the variability of the antithrombotic efficiency of the copies as compared to the branded enoxaparin. The present study underlines the need for the elaboration of additional
functional criteria to evaluate the global antithrombotic capacity of
enoxaparin copies in order to evaluate their potential sameness with
the branded drug.
PO293-MON
Comparative studies on the molecular and functional
profile of sheep mucosal derived enoxaparin with
varying Anhydro-Manno Groups
Abro S, Kumar E, Iqbal O, Kahn D, Syed D, Hoppensteadt D and
Fareed J
Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, USA
Background: Enoxaparin is the most commonly used Low Molecular
weight heparin which is derived from Porcine mucosal tissues. More
recently Enoxaparin preparations derived from Bovine mucosal Heparin and Sheep Mucosal heparin have become available.
Aims: The purpose of this study was to compare 3 sheep enoxaparin
preparations with varying amounts of anhydromanno contents with
branded enoxaparin in routinely carried out biological assays.
Methods: Enoxaparins of sheep origin were obtained from Ronssi
Pharmaceuticals China, Branded enoxaparin was purchased commercially from Sanofi Aventis. Normal human plasma was supplemented
with each of these agents individually to obtained final concentrations
of 010 lg mL1 to profile the anticoagulant and anti-protease activities. Protamine neutralization studies were carried out. HIT antibody
mediated platelet aggregation studies were also carried out
Results: The molecular profile of the individual sheep enoxaprins irrespective of the anhydromanno component was comparable to branded
enoxaparins (4.14.3kDA vs. 4.2kDA). In the global tests such as the
aPTT, Heptest and Thrombin time both the branded and sheep heparin provide comparable results. Similarly in the protamine neutralization studies comparable neutralization patterns were noted in different
tests. In the Anti-xa assay the relative potency for the sheep enoxaparin (98104U mg1) compared to branded enoxaparin (99U mg1). In
the HIT studies all agents exhibited comparable responses. The anhydromanno content did not produce any significant differences in the
functional profiles of sheep enoxaparins.
Conclusion: These results indicate that the sheep mucosal heparin
derived enoxaparin exhibit comparable molecular profile and biological activities in the laboratory assays. Based on these studies it is concluded the sheep mucosal heparin is comparable to porcine mucosal
heparin derived enoxaparin. Furthermore, varying content of anhydromanno group did not alter the functional profiles of sheep heparins.
ABSTRACTS
PO294-MON
Sevuparin; effects on hemostasis of a novel
polysaccharide drug derived from heparin
m S 4,
Lindgren M1, Meijers JCM2, Biemond BJ3, Ramstro
4
1
1
Lindahl TL , Eriksson P-O , Leitgeb AM , Wahlgren M5,
Hogwood J6, Gray E6 and Holmer E1
1
Dilaforette AB, Solna, Sweden; 2Experimental Vascular
Medicine; 3Hematology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam,
Netherlands; 4Department of Clinical and Experimental
ping University, Linko
ping, Sweden;
Medicine, Linko
5
Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology,
Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; 6NIBSC, Potters Bar,
UK
Background: Unfractionated heparin (UFH) has previously been
found beneficial in the treatment of sickle cell disease (SCD) and
malaria, but the complication of bleeding limits its use. In sevuparin,
being developed for normalising blood flow during vasoocclusion, the
inherent antiadhesive properties of UFH are preserved while the pentasaccharide required for antithrombin (AT) binding is abolished.
The next step in sevuparin development is the start of a phase II clinical trial in SCD.
Aims: To investigate the residual effects of sevuparin on hemostasis.
Methods: Anticoagulant profiling by plasma-and purified reagentbased assays; bleeding side effect assessment in a rat bleeding model
and hemostatic effects in a phase I clinical trial were studied with sevuparin.
Results: In vitro, the specific activity of sevuparin was 4 IU mg1 by
AT dependent anti-Xa and anti-IIa assays (cf. UFH 200 IU mg1)
and by APTT 15 IU mg1. Further APTT analysis confirmed that
effect was elicited mainly via Heparin Cofactor II (HCII), with contribution through AT. Sevuparin did not directly affect thrombin or
anti-Xa activity and had no effect on fibrinogen conversion. Studies
with platelets did not show any effect neither on activation nor aggregation. In vivo, in the rat bleeding time model ED50 for sevuparin was
more than 75-fold higher than for UFH and 10-fold higher than for
LMWH. For the APTT response the corresponding dose by weight is
more than 35-fold higher than for UFH and 5-fold higher
for LMWH. In the phase I study, intravenous doses up to 360 mg 4
times daily were given to 25 male healthy volunteers; sevuparin
induced a transient linear, dose-proportional increase in APTT up to
2-fold the normal value while the values at 2 h after injection were not
significantly elevated in any subject.
Conclusion: The low residual effect of sevuparin on hemostasis is
explained by mechanisms involving HCII and possibly by a pentasaccharide-independent potentiation of AT, causing an transient increase
in APTT which can be monitored in the clinic.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Lindgren Employee of: Dilaforette AB, J.
Meijers Grant/Research Support from: Dilaforette AB, B. Biemond
Consultant for: Dilaforette AB, S. Ramstr
om Grant/Research Support from: Dilaforette AB, T. Lindahl Grant/Research Support from:
Dilaforette AB, P.-O. Eriksson Shareholder of: Dilaforette AB, A.
Leitgeb Employee of: Dilaforette AB, M. Wahlgren Shareholder of:
Dilaforette AB, J. Hogwood: None declared, E. Gray: None declared,
E. Holmer Shareholder of: Dilaforette AB
369
PO295-MON
Reversal of the heparinoid effect with prothrombin
complex concentrate an in vitro study using the
Fosbury EL, Hamid C, Riddell A and Chowdary P
Katharine Dormandy Haemophilia Centre and Thrombosis Unit,
Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
Background: Heparinoids are used both as a prophylactic measure and
in the acute treatment of VTE. Reversal of anticoagulation is a frequent medical requirement that can present challenges in the absence
of a specific antidote.
Aims: To use the calibrated automated thrombogram (CAT) to assess
suppression of thrombin generation by heparinoids and evaluate reversal by prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) with or without protamine sulphate (PS) in an in vitro spiking study.
Methods: Thrombin generation (TGA) was measured as described by
Hemker et al. Pooled plasma from healthy volunteers was spiked in vitro with a range of concentrations of unfractionated heparin (00.4
iu mL1), tinzaparin (01 iu mL1), or fondaparinux (02.5 lg mL1)
and with a 4-factor PCC (00.9 iu mL1) with or without PS
(2.5 lg mL1). Endogenous thrombin potential (ETP), peak thrombin, time to Peak (ttP) and lagtime (LT) were calculated.
Results: TGA dose-dependent increases and suppression were seen
with PCC and heparinoids respectively. PCC did not result in any significant reversal of samples spiked with unfractionated heparin. Reversal was seen with PS. Tinzaparin samples demonstrated an
approximately 50% increase in ETP with PCC compared to samples
without at the lower end of concentrations tested although not at the
higher end. When spiked with PCC and PS there was an increase in
ETP to 50% above baseline. Fondaparinux samples also showed similar results with PCC but not PS. Patient anti-Xa samples (LMWH)
spiked ex-vivo with PCC also demonstrated reversal of almost complete suppression to 50% of baseline ETP.
Conclusion: Suppression of thrombin generation by heparinoids can be
partially reversed with PCC and, in the case of LMWH, synergistically
with PS. However, spiking experiments do not reflect in vivo clearance
and are disproportionately influenced by high molecular weight units
with IIa activity. These assays need to be replicated on more patient
samples.
PO296-MON
Performance evaluation of a new assay for the
quantitative determination of both unfractionated
heparin (UFH) and low molecular weight heparin
(LMWH) using a hybrid calibration curve
Merz M1, Lange S1 and Madlener K2
1
Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Products GmbH, Marburg;
2
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Hospital Hygiene,
Kerckhoff-Clinic, Bad Nauheim, Germany
Background: Unfractionated (UF) and low molecular weight (LMW)
heparin are frequently used as prophylactic and therapeutic anticoagulants in prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism, in certain types of coronary artery syndrome and in thrombotic stroke.
Therefore, it is suitable to monitor plasma level of the anticoagulants
during treatment. While UFH considerably accelerates the inactivation of thrombin and coagulation factor Xa (Xa), LMWH has its main
effect on Xa only.
Aims: The aim was to evaluate the performance of a new chromogenic
Xa heparin assay format, corresponding controls and calibrators.
Using a hybrid curve it offers safety concerning sample mix-up in
treatment with either UFH or LMWH.
370
ABSTRACTS
Methods: We conducted a multi-center study with 314 samples of

patients treated with either UFH or LMWH on the BCS XP System
(Siemens) and compared them with the HemosIL Heparin assay on
the ACL TOP System (Instrumentation Laboratories, USA). Assay
precision was determined by testing plasma pools and controls on
20 days in two runs with two single determinations (20 9 2 9 2
scheme). Additionally, we compared the assay with 147 samples on the
Sysmex CS-2100i* System (Sysmex Inc., Kobe, Japan) and BCS XP
System.
Results: The correlation in the multi-center study showed a correlation
coefficient of 0.982, slope of 1.10 and intercept of 0.01. For precision a
within device CV 2.2% was observed for all samples 0.5 IU mL1.
For samples 0.5 IU mL1 SD was evaluated which was found to be
< 0.03 IU mL1. Comparability of results between the BCS XP System and Sysmex CS-2100i* System was excellent (correlation coefficient 0.993; slope of 1.00; intercept 0.05).
Conclusion: The new assay is well suited for the measurement of both,
UFH and LMWH. It demonstrated excellent precision, correlates well
with another commercial available assay and shows excellent analyser
comparability.
Under development. Product availability varies by country.
*Not available for sale in the U.S.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Merz Employee of: Siemens Healthcare
Diagnostics Products GmbH, S. Lange Employee of: Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Products GmbH, K. Madlener Grant/Research Support from: Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Products GmbH.
PO297-MON
Strategies and outcomes of periprocedural bridging
therapy with low-molecular-weight- heparin in
patients with mechanical heart valves
Schulman J1, Majeed A2, Mattsson E3, Schulman S4,
m M1 and
Agren A1
Holmstro
1
Department of Medicine, Coagulation Unit; 2Department of
Medicine, Coagulation Unit, Karolinska Institutet; 3Department
of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm,
Sweden; 4Department of Medicine, McMaster University,
Hamilton, Canada
Background: Patients with mechanical heart valves (MHV) undergoing
invasive procedures often receive periprocedural bridging with lowmolecular-weight heparin (LMWH). The bridging strategies used in
real-life and the predictors for bleeding and thrombosis are not well
studied.
Aims: We aimed to evaluate the outcomes of the periprocedural bridging regimens in terms of perioperative bleeding and thromboembolic
events, as well as the associated risk factors.
Methods: We retrospectively assessed patients with MHV that underwent an invasive procedure requiring vitamin K antagonist (VKA)
interruption and LMWH bridging. Thromboembolic and bleeding
events occurring up to 30 days after the procedures were recorded.
Predictors of major bleeding events (MBEs) were analyzed with logistic regression.
Results: We evaluated 547 patients with MHV who underwent 275
procedures during a 6.5-year period. Bridging with LMWH was
used in 185 procedures in a total of 117 patients. Combined preand postoperative bridging was the most frequently employed
(63%). Doses of LMWH were prophylactic in 96 (52%) of the procedures and therapeutic in 89 (48%). The procedure-related bleeding risk was evaluated as high in 70 (38%) and low in 115 (62%)
of the invasive procedures. There was a trend to more frequent use
of prophylactic doses (61%) in high-risk surgery, and more therapeutic doses (53%) in low-risk ones. There were 36 bleeding episodes, 21 (11% of procedures) of which were classified as MBEs,
but there were no thromboembolic events. Most MBEs (n = 14;
67%) occurred in surgeries with high bleeding risk. In the multivariate analysis, the bleeding risk of the surgery itself was the only
independent predictor for MBEs.
Conclusion: For patients with MHV receiving perioperative bridging
with LMWH, the major predictor for MBE is the bleeding risk of the
surgery.
PO298-MON
Biophysical characterization of the interaction between
platelet factor 4 and synthetic low molecular weight
heparins
Delcea M1, Nguyen T-H1, Brandt S1, Kreimann M1, Zhou W2,
Liu J2 and Greinacher A1
1
University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; 2University of
North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA
Background: Synthetic low molecular weight (ULMW) heparins are
sulfated glycans that are clinically used to treat thrombotic disorders
such as heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.
Aims: We characterize the interaction of platelet factor 4 (PF4) with
different synthetic heparins of 6-, 8-, 10-, and 12-mers.
Methods: Circular dichroism spectroscopy was used to investigate
changes in the secondary structure of PF4 induced by different synthetic heparins. The antigenicity of PF4/synthetic heparin complexes
was assessed by enzyme immunoassay with sera of patients known to
contain anti-PF4/heparin antibodies. The thermodynamics of the
interaction between PF4 and synthetic heparins was determined by
isothermal titration calorimetry. Single molecule force spectroscopy
was used to compare the rupture forces between PF4 and different
synthetic heparins.
Results: We found that all synthetic heparins induced conformational
changes in PF4 (approx. 40% in anti-parallel b-sheet). Complexes
formed by PF4 with heparins larger than 10-mers were proved to be
antigenic, i.e. they bound PF4/heparin antibodies. For all investigated
heparins, binding of heparins to PF4 resulted in heat release. However,
longer synthetic heparins induced a higher heat release (negative
change in enthalpy) compared with shorter synthetic heparins. Binding
strength of PF4/heparin complexes increases with an increase in heparin length. A 12-mer heparin presenting an additional sulfate group
interacts weaker with PF4 than a standard 12-mer heparin.
Conclusion: Our biophysical methods may be applied to understand
the molecular interactions between PF4 and newly developed synthetic
heparins.
PO299-MON
Measurement of heparanase activity in plasma
requires the use of sample antithrombin-depletion
Mirshahi S, Pocard M, Mirshahi M and Jeannette S
e Paris 7, Inserm U965, Paris, France
Background: Heparanase, expressed mainly by cancer cells, is correlated with increased tumor aggressiveness, metastasis, and angiogenesis due to degradation of Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) in
the tumor environment. Therefore determination of its activity
released in plasma from cancer patients is of great interest.
Aims: Determination of heparanase activity based on degradation of
heparin and pentasaccharide in order to measure levels in plasma from
cancer patients.
Methods: Techniques based on heparin degradation by purified heparanase at pH 5.5 (1) in purified system and in plasma: 1) degradation
ABSTRACTS
of heparin or pentasaccharide by heparanase and evaluation of the
residual activity by the anti-FXa activity using chromogenic substrate,
2) degradation of biotinylated heparin immobilized on streptavidin
coated plates and evaluation of the residual biotin level remaining
bound to the plate using streptavidin peroxidase. Experiments were
done using plasma or antithrombin (AT) depleted plasma.
Results: In purified system, degradation of heparin, pentasaccharide,
or biotinylated heparin were only evidenced at very high concentrations of heparanase (165 ng mL1), which are far higher than those
reported in pathological situations. Lower concentrations of heparin
or pentasaccharide in the assay to sensitize the assay cannot be used
because the residual FXa activity is below the sensitivity of chromogenic method. In contrast, Heparin or its derivatives could not be
degraded in plasma by heparanase, even at high concentrations. By
using AT-depleted plasma, we showed that it was due to an unavailability of the site of heparin degradation by heparanase when heparin
is bound to AT. So, the results were similar to those obtained in purified system.
Conclusion: Determination of heparanase activity in plasma has to be
performed after depletion of AT of the sample to be tested. Optimization of the residual FXa measurement is requested to increase the sensitivity of heparanase assay.
PO300-MON
Novel synthetic copolymers able to bind
unfractionated and low molecular weight heparins
Kalaska B1, Kaminski K2, Sokolowska E1, Miklosz J1, Yusa S-i3,
Szczubialka K2, Pawlak D1, Nowakowska M2 and Mogielnicki A1
1
Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of
Bialystok, Bialystok; 2Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian
University, Krakow, Poland; 3Department of Materials Science
and Chemistry, University of Hyogo, Hyogo, Japan
Background: The wide use of various medical devices during intravascular or cardiac interventions increased the need for administration of
heparins. Our group have already shown various cationic polysaccharides able to bind unfractionated heparin (UFH) in vitro (Kaminski
et al., J Med Chem, 2010) and in vivo (Kalaska et al., Eur J Pharmacol,
2012, Kaminski et al. MedChemComm, 2014).
Aims: The aim of the present study was to obtain new synthetic heparin-binding copolymers (HBCs) and select the most potent inhibitors
of both unfractionated and low molecular weight heparins (LMWH).
Methods: We synthesized a series of HBCs, then screened in vitro for
the active ones and examined the most promising candidates in vivo.
Binding of UFH, nadroparin or enoxaparin by HBCs was determined
using Azure A assay and the dynamic light scattering measurement.
Polymers were then administered to 23 male Wistar rats developing
electrically induced arterial thrombosis according to the following
treatment plan: UFH-3 min-HBC-7 min-electrical stimulus (1 mA)10 min-thrombosis development-45 min-end. At the end thrombus
weight, tail bleeding time, activated partial thromboplastin time, antifactor Xa activity and blood count were estimated. Blood pressure was
directly measured in 15 male Wistar rats to exclude poorly tolerated
polymers. All the procedures involving animals and their care were
approved by Local Ethical Committees.
Results: All tested polymers efficiently bound heparins. HBC1 exhibited the strongest ability to bind UFH, while the size of its complexes
with UFH was the smallest. We found that only HBC1 reversed heparin antithrombotic effects in rats, without changing blood pressure,
heart rate and platelet count. All HBCs restored the anti-factor Xa
activity in vivo more efficiently than protamine or cationic dextran.
Conclusion: HBC1 could be a novel potent agent for the treatment of
bleeding associated with UFH or LMWH therapy.
371
Funding: Grant no. 2011/03/B/NZ7/00755, no. UMO-2013/09/D/ST5/

03864 National Science Center, Poland.
PO301-MON
Differences between normal and cancer cells in the
bio-response to heparin
Chen Y1, Scully M1, Goodwin C1 and Kakkar A1,2
1
Thromobsis Research Institute; 2University College London,
London, UK
Background: Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HPSG) act as cell surface
receptors which exert a variety of important roles in cell biology and
human disease. Our previous work found that the heparin/HS interactome of human breast cancer cells exerts a pro-tumorigenic role and in
light of a previous report that the expression of HSPGs is higher in
tumours than in normal tissue, we considered whether this difference
could elicit differences in the response of normal and cancer cells to
heparin.
Aims: To investigate the bio-response to heparin treatment of normal
and tumour cells.
Methods: Normal epithelial cells (MCF-12A, ME-16C, HEK293), and
cancer epithelial cells (MCF-7, MDA-MB231, CSC, A549, HT1080)
were treated with heparin for 2 days. Untreated cells were used as controls. The expression of miRNAs and pro- tumourigenic proteins and
signalling activity were tested by RT-PCR and Western blot. Cell proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle assays were also undertaken with
heparin treated cells.
Results: The level of pro-tumorigenic marker proteins / molecules
(MUC1 and p-Akt) was not significantly reduced by heparin treatment
in normal cell lines, as was the case unlike with tumour cell lines. Differences were observed between the modulation of the expression of
miRNA155, miRNA145 in normal compared to tumour cells. 12 cell
cycle regulatory proteins were up-regulated by heparin treatment of
normal cells (MCF-12a) while the majority were down-regulated by
heparin treatment of breast cancer cells. Cell cycle assay showed that
heparin treatment did not cause significant changes in S and G2-M
phases in normal cells unlike that observed in tumour cells.
Conclusion: The biological response to heparin treatment of normal
and tumour cells exhibit significant important differences.
PO302-MON
Monitoring unfractionated heparin in children APTT,
anti-XA and ACT in a randomized controlled trial of
comparing two dose protocols
Thom KE, Hanslik A and on behalf of Austrian and Australian
Working Group on Heparin Monitoring in Children
Childrens Hospital, Pediatric Hemostasis Unit, Medical
University of Vienna, Austria, Vienna, Austria
Background: Monitoring of unfractionated heparin (UFH) in children
is crucial for prevention of over- or undercoagulation. However, recommendations for monitoring are extrapolated from adult studies and
their significance for children is increasingly questioned.
Aims: To i) investigate the relationship between UFH dose and its
anticoagulant effect as assessed by three commonly-used assays (antiXa, APTT, ACT), ii) assess factors determining the UFH effect and
iii) determine the agreement between the respective assays.
Methods: Randomized controlled trial comparing high-dose UFH
(100 units kg1 bolus, followed by 20 units kg1 h1 continuous infusion) versus low-dose UFH (50 units kg1 bolus) during cardiac cathe-
372
ABSTRACTS
terization (CC) in children. Blood samples were drawn prior to UFH

administration, after 30 and 60 min and then hourly for the duration
of CC.
Results: Four-hundred-two bloods samples of 149 patients were evaluable. Median age was 5.5 years (0.01; 18), and 29 (19%) patients were
infants. Linear mixed model demonstrated a significant relation
between UFH dose and the respective UFH effect as assessed by antiXa, APTT and ACT. Besides UFH dose, higher age and higher antithrombin at baseline were associated with higher anti-Xa-levels.
Higher Age and APTT at baseline had a significant influence on APTT
after UFH administration. For the ACT, only ACT at baseline was a
significant factor determining the UFH effect. Notably, the agreement
between the three assays was very low.
Conclusion: All three assays demonstrated a significant dose-effect
relation of UFH, however with only little agreement between them.
The ACT was the only assay not influenced by patients age. Our
results suggest that UFH monitoring in children must always take into
account the patients age and that titrating UFH dose to achieve a certain therapeutic range must be reconsidered cautiously.
PO303-MON
Ovine mucosal heparin and enoxaparin are biosimilar
to their porcine counterparts
Kumar E1,Yao Y2, Kahn D1, Hoppensteadt D1, Iqbal O1, Jeske W3
and Fareed J1
1
Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, USA;
2
Ronnsi Pharma Co, Ltd., Suzhou, China; 3Thoracic and
Cardiovascular Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center,
Maywood, USA
Background: Heparins are a widely used anticoagulants which can be
derived from such mammalian sources such as porcine, bovine and
ovine mucosa. Ovine mucosal tissue provides an alternate source to
manufacture heparin and enoxaparin.
Aims: These studies are designed to compare ovine heparin and enoxaparin with their porcine counterparts.
Methods: Porcine heparin and enoxaparin were obtained commercially. Ovine heparin and enoxaparin were obtained from Ronnsi
Pharma Co., Suzhou, China. The molecular weight profile was investigated using HPLC methods. The anticoagulant activities were compared utilizing ACT, aPTT, Heptest, and Calcium Thrombin Time.
The anti-Xa and anti-IIa were measured using chromogenic substrate
methods. Protamine neutralization studies were also carried out in various test. Thrombin generation inhibition studies were carried out
using a floremetric method. Heparinase digestion profile was investigated using oligosaccharide mapping.
Results: The molecular weight profile of the porcine heparin
(16.6 kDa) was comparable with the ovine heparin (17.1 kDa). The
molecular weight profiles of the porcine enoxaparin (4.0 kDa) was
almost identical to the ovine mucosal enoxaparin (3.9 kDa). On a
gravimetric basis, in all clotting tests (ACT, aPTT, Heptest and
Thrombin Time) and chromogenic assays (anti-Xa and anti-IIa) heparin and enoxaparin from porcine and ovine sources exhibited similar
profiles. Both groups of heparins were found to be equally neutralized
by a fixed concentration of protamine sulfate. Thrombin generation
profile for bovine and porcine enoxaparin were comparable. Heparinase treatment resulted in similar oligosaccharides profiles.
Conclusion: The molecular weight profile between the groups of heparins and enoxaparins is similar. The anticoagulant and anti-protease
properties of ovine derived heparin and enoxaparin are also similar to
porcine derived sources. Ovine derived heparin and enoxaparin are a
suitable alternative to the currently overused porcine mucosal heparins
and enoxaparins.
Disclosure of Interest: E. Kumar: None declared, Y. Yao Employee of:

Ronnsi Pharma Co., Ltd., D. Kahn: None declared, D. Hoppensteadt:
None declared, O. Iqbal: None declared, W. Jeske: None declared, J.
Fareed: None declared.
PO304-MON
The efficacy and safety of low-molecular-weight
heparin thromboprophylaxis in critically ill adult
patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
V2 and Huhtala H3
Ylonen A1, Kuitunen A1, Vaara S2, Pettila
1
Intensive Care Unit, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere;
2
Intensive Care Unit, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki;
3
School of Health Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere,
Finland
Background: Critically ill patients have an increased risk of venous
thromboembolism due to several additive risk factors. ACCP guidelines recommend the use of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH)
or unfractionated heparin (UFH) to prevent VTE in critically ill
patients. The data supporting their prophylactic effect are mainly
based on studies in medical and surgical ward patients.
Aims: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to synthesize the literature on the efficacy and safety of LMWHs as thromboprophylactic agents in critically ill patients and assessment of
LMWH prophylaxis with plasma anti-FXa level monitoring.
Methods: Medline, Scopus, the Cochrane Library and the ClinicalTrials.com database were used. Prospective randomized controlled trials
(RCTs) of critically ill adult patients that compared any LMWH
thromboprophylaxis either to unfractionated heparin (UFH), mechanical prophylaxis, novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) or placebo were
included in the meta-analysis.
Results: Nine RCTs involving 7258 patients were included in the metaanalysis. The risk of proximal DVT during LMWH thromboprophylaxis remained unchanged compared to UFH (risk ratio 0.92, 95%
confidence interval 0.731.15) or to placebo (RR 0.76, 0.491.19). The
risk of allcause mortality was 0.93 (0.821.04) compared to UFH,
and 0.859 (0.731.02) compared to placebo. The risk of PE was
reduced compared to UFH (RR 0.63, 0.390.997). LMWH did not
increase the risk of major bleeding when compared to UFH (RR 0.97,
0.751.26) or to placebo (RR 2.26, 0.906.71). In the 15 studies
included with reported anti-FXa levels, the median peak anti-FXa
level varied between <0.10.34 IU mL1.
Conclusion: Compared to UFH, LMWHs seem to be equally as efficient and safe, and LMWHs could reduce the risk of PE. Compared to
placebo, the risk of all DVT is reduced without increasing the risk of
major bleeding. Data on mechanical prophylaxis remain insufficient.
No conclusions can be drawn from the targeted antiFXa level in critically ill patients.
PO305-MON
Comparative anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory
effects of sulodexide and enoxaparin in citrated whole
blood
Abro S1, Adiguzel C1,Syed D1, Hoppensteadt D1, Jeske W2,
Walenga JM2 and Fareed J3
1
Pathology; 2Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery; 3Loyola
University Medical Center, Maywood, USA
Background: Sulodexide represent a novel antithrombotic agent with
multiple sites of actions on humoral and cellular processes. Suledoxide
represent of mixture of fast mobilizing heparin 80% and 20% derma-
ABSTRACTS
tan sulfate, with an average MW of 20.8 kDa. This agent has been
used in various vascular indications such as chronic venous disorders.
Unlike low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), this agent can also be
used orally.
Aims: The purpose of this study was to compare the anticoagulant and
anti-inflammatory effects of suledoxide with a LMWH, enoxaparin.
Methods: In order to compare the anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory effects of sulodexide and enoxaparin, each of these agents were
supplemented to citrated whole blood (n = 10) at concentrations of 0
25 lg mL1 and incubated for varying amounts of time. Such coagulation tests as ACT, PT, APTT, Heptest, and Thrombin time (TT) were
measured.in the whole blood and retrieved plasma. In addition,
thrombin generation inhibition studies were carried out. To test the
anti-inflammatory effects, bacterial lipopolysaccharide stimulated
whole blood samples were compared utilizing a cytokine biochip array
to measure cytokine and growth factor arrays such as IL-1a,IL-Ib,IL2,IL- 4,IL-6,IL-8,IL-10,VEGF,IFN,EGF,MCP I,TNFa.
Results: In comparison to enoxaparin and sulodexide produced a
stronger anticoagulant effect in the PT, APTT and TT assays
(P < 0.05). In the Heptest assay, sulodexide produced anticoagulant
effects which were similar to enoxaparin. Sulodexide produced stronger inhibition of thrombin generation (P < 0.05). In the cytokine biochip array, sulodexide produced stronger suppression of IL-6, TNFa
and MCP-1 generation, in contrast to enoxaparin (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: These results strongly suggest that suledoxide is a relatively stronger anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory agent than enoxaparin. The dual anti-thrombotic and anti-inflammatory actions of
this agent contribute to its clinical efficacy in vascular diseases.
PO306-MON
In vitro evaluation of novel synthetic heparan sulfates
mimetics to prevent xenogeneic related-thrombosis
Benipal P1, Iwase H2, Al-Horani R3, Mehta AY3, Karuturi R3,
Burdorf L1, Cheng X1, Harris D1, Pierson RNI1, Robson S4,
Cooper DK2, Desai U3 and Azimzadeh AM1
1
Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore;
2
Surgery, Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Pittsburgh;
3
Institute for Structural Biology, Drug Discovery and
Development, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond;
4
Gastroenterology, Harvard Medical School Beth Israel
Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, USA
Background: Xenotransplantation aims to develop methods to use pig
organs in place of human organs. During the past decade, significant
advances were made to control antibody and complement mediated
xenograft rejection due to the generation of genetically modified pigs.
However, xenogeneic organs are still injured and consumptive coagulopathy develops in xenograft recipients. Inflammation and coagulation cascade activation have been identified as important therapeutic
targets.
Aims: Glycobiologists and transplant immunologists collaborated to
evaluate novel heparan sulfate (HS) mimetics targeting factor Xa, XIa
and/or thrombin to prevent xenogeneic coagulation and platelet aggregation.
Methods: Synthetic HS mimetics were screened in a xenogeneic coagulation assay (human plasma incubated with porcine aortic endothelial
cells (pAEC)) (100 lM). Selected mimetics were further characterized
for their ability to inhibit thrombin- and pAEC-induced human platelet aggregation and transgenic human thrombomodulin-dependent
activation of Protein C. Therapeutic dosing range in whole blood was
estimated by thromboelastography (TEG) and Activated Clotting
Time (ACT).
Results: Clotting score was significantly decreased by heparin
(4 IU mL1, score 0 0.3) and Hirulog (200 ng mL1, 0.03 0.3)
373
compared to no treatment (2.6 0.7, P < 0.001). 18 of the 34 HS mimetics inhibited clotting to variable levels, 5 of which were comparable
to heparin and hirulog. Heparin and two HS mimetics inhibited
thrombin- and pAEC-induced platelet aggregation more potently than
low molecular weight heparin. Four HS mimetics prevented blood
clotting to similar extent as heparin (13 IU mL1) (ACT >300 sec.,
reaction time R > 200 min, maximum amplitude MA <10 mm) at
concentrations of 0.21 mM.
Conclusion: HS mimetics show promise to control the coagulation dysregulation associated with xenotransplantation. Future work will evaluate the best HS mimetics under flow conditions and in ex-vivo lung
perfusion experiments, as well as explore more complex synthetic molecules.
PO307-MON
Argatroban vs. fondaparinux in heparin-induced
thrombocytopenia patients: a response comparative
study
Aleidan F1and Alrokan S2
1
King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh,
Saudi Arabia; 2College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz
University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Background: Alternative non-heparin anticoagulants such as argatroban and fondaparinux are used in the management of patients with
heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT).
Aims: To evaluate the comparative response of argatroban vs. fondaparinux for patients with HIT.
Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at King Abudlaziz
Medical Center a university teaching hospital on patients diagnosed
with HIT between June 2013 and December 2014. Clinical and laboratory findings were used to confirm the positive HIT cases.
Results: Thirty three patients were identified as a HIT positive by
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Argatroban was given to 21
patients and fondaparinux was administered in 12 subjects. The main
demographic characteristics of the argatroban and fondaparinux were
comparable and no statistical significant differences. The mean time
(in days) for platelets recovery was 3.5 (1.8) for patients who received
argatroban compared with 3.7 (1.7) patients received fondaparinux
(P = 0.843). The pre-test probability 4Ts scoring system and complications were similar for both group (P > 0.05).
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that argatroban and fondaparinux
are comparable non-heparin anticoagulants for HIT management
PO308-MON
Anticoagulant and fibrinolytic effects of complexes of
dipeptide Pro-Gly with low-molecular-weight heparins
animal and plant origin
Obergan T and Shubina T
Biological, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow,
Russia
Background: It has been found that complex compounds of unfractioneted heparin with proline- and glycine-containing (glyproline) peptides possessed fibrinolytic, anticoagulant and antithrombotic
activities. In our previous experiments we showed that addition of the
complexes of dipeptide Pro-Gly with low-molecular-weight heparin
and plant heparin-like agent to rat blood plasma caused the increase
of non-enzymatic fibrinolytic and anticoagulant activities thus inhibited stabilization of fibrin in vitro.
374
ABSTRACTS
Aims: study the influence of complex compounds of dipeptide Pro-Gly

with LMWH (LMWH-PG) and plant heparin-like agent (PH-PG) on
parameters of plasma hemostasis in vivo.
Methods: A low-molecular heparin-like component was released
from plant (Paeonia suffruticosa). Complexes LMWH-PG and PHPG (1:1 w/w ratio) were synthesized by our methods. The experiments were carried out on health white male rats. All experiments
were performed in accordance with the NIH Guide for Care and
Use of Laboratory Animals. Blood samples were taken after 10 min
after the intravenous injection of complexes (1 mg kg1 body
weight). Anticoagulation activity of blood plasma was detected by
standard clotting method (APTT-test). Non-enzymatic fibrinolytic
(NF) and total fibrinolytic (FA) activities were estimated by nonstabilized fibrin plates method.
Results: It was established that injection of LMWH-PG led to a
marked increase of anticoagulant (in 2 times from control level), FA
(in 1,7 times) and NF (in 1.52 times) activities of blood. Administration of complex PH-PG caused a more significant increase of anticoagulant and fibrinolytic properties of blood (APTT in 3.2 times, FA in
1.92 times, NF in 2 times from control level).
Conclusion: Thus, injection of complex compounds to health rats leads
to increase of anticoagulant and fibrinolytic activities of blood plasma.
The identity of the action on haemostatic system of complexes with
heparin of animal and plant origin was found with PH-PG complex
was more effective than LMWH-PG.
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) I

PO309-MON
Usage of elthrombopag in a 9 year old Syrian patient
with immune thrombocytopenic purpura and familial
deafness-first pediatric experience in Turkey
Belen FB1, Polat M2, Kocak U3 and Kunishima S4
1
Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Gaziantep Childrens
Hospital, Gaziantep; 2Pediatric Infectious Diseases; 3Pediatric
Hematology, Gazi University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey;
4
Department of Advanced Diagnosis, National Hospital
Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
Background: Thrombopoetin receptor agonists (romiplostim and elthrombopag) have recently been licensed for the treatment of thrombocytopenia in patients with chronic immune thrombocytopenia (ITP)
who do not respond to convensional treatment like corticosteroids
(CS), immunoglobulins (IVIG) and splenectomy.
Aims: Here, we describe a 9 year old Syrian patient with familial deafness and chronic ITP unresponsive to CS (Methyl prednisolone and
dexamethasone), IVIG, splenectomy, cyclosporin, rituximab and oseltamivir phosphate. As first pediatric use in Turkey, elthrombopag was
tried as a salvage therapy.
Methods: A 9 year old Syrian refugee patient was admitted with GI
bleeding. He was deaf and unable to talk since he was born and there
were three more patients with deafness in the family. He was splenectomized at the age of six was steroid dependent. MYH9 disorder was
excluded with normal myosin IIA staining. Bone marrow examination
was consistent with ITP.
Results: He was unresponsive to IVIG, danazol, vincristin, dexamethasone plus cyclosporin, 4 weeks treatment of rituximab, anti-D and
oseltamivir phosphate. A slight and transient increase could only be
achieved with mega dose MPZ. The platelet levels reached to a maximum of 10 9 109 L1 and he had several episodes of GI and severe
nose bleedings requiring transfusion. Elthrombopag 2 9 50 mg per
day in accordance with MPZ was started. Elthrombopag could be used
for only 2 weeks, unfortunatelly no increase in platelet count could be
achieved (maximum 8 9 109 L1) and the patient was lost because of
massive GI bleeding.
Conclusion: Despite several treatment modalities in chronic ITP, some
patients are unresponsive to all of them. Although we tried elthrombopag as a salvage therapy, the patient was lost because of massive bleeding. We suppose ethnic differences in immune system function may
also have played a role in response to elthrombopag in our patient.
Further pediatric studies to investigate elthrombopag use in chronic
ITP are warrented.
PO310-MON
Acute immune thrombocytopenic purpura following
combined vaccine
Akbayram S1, Karaman K1, Akbayram HT2, Garipardic M1 and
Oner AF1
1
Pediatric Hematology; 2Department of Family Medicine,
Yuzuncu Yil University Faculty Of Medicine, Van, Turkey
Background: Individual case reports have subsequently been published
describing ITP after vaccination against measles, mumps and rubella;
smallpox; diphtheria- tetanus- pertussis; hepatitis; and influenza and
pneumococcal infection. Most of them are related to MMR immunisation in childhood.
Aims: Herein we report a case with acute immune thrombocytopenic
purpura that were developed after DTaP-IPV-Hib combined vaccine
(diphtheria/tetanus/acellular pertussis, inactivated poliomyelitis, Haemophilus influenzae type b) and conjugate pneumococcal vaccines.
Methods: Herein we report a case with acute immune thrombocytopenic purpura that were developed after vaccination.
Results: A 5-months-old male was brought to emergency department
with the complaint of petechial rash, for 1 days, begun 3 days after an
DTaP-IPV-Hib combined vaccine and PCV.The physical examination
of patient was normal except the presence of bleeding multiple petechiae rash on lower and upper extremities and trunk. The laboratory
examinations included complete blood count, prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, serum electrolytes, liver and renal function
test, brucella and salmonella serology were found to be normal except
severe thrombocytopenia. (platelet count 1000 mm3).Considering the
complete clinical examination and investigations, a final diagnosis of
ITP was made.Normal thrombocyte count was achieved on fifth day
of treatment on which thrombocyte count was measured as
150 000 mm3.
Conclusion: Our case showed that acute ITP might be seen after
DTaP-IPV-Hib combined vaccine and PCV. Therefore, we suggest
that aside from a recent infectious disease and DTaP-IPV-Hib combined vaccine and PCV should also be inquired in children with acute
ITP
ABSTRACTS
PO311-MON
Thrombopoietin receptor agonists do no not cause
coagulation activation: in patients with immune
thrombocytopenia
Garabet L1, Ghanima W2, Lee S3, Mowinckel M-C4,5,
Liebman H6, Jonassen CM1, Bussel J3 and Sandset PM4,5,7
1
Center for Laboratory Medicine; 2Department of medicine,
stfold Hospital Trust, Fredrikstad, Norway; 3Department of
pediatrics, Unit of platelet disorders, Weill Cornell medical
college, New York, USA; 4Research Institute of Internal Medicine;
5
Departmet of hematology, University Hospital, Oslo, Oslo,
Norway; 6Department of medicine, Norris Cancer Hospital, Los
Angeles, USA; 7Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo,
Oslo, Norway
Background: Thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO) are effective
treatment in immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). The rate of thrombotic
events was reported in up to 6% of patients in TPO-agent trials raising
concerns of coagulation activation.
Aims: To evaluate the effect of TPO-agents on procoagulant status in
ITP patients.
Methods: The study comprised 2 ITP cohorts. Cohort 1 (n = 26) with
sequential blood samples at 0, 2, 6 and 12 weeks. Cohort 2 (n = 18)
patients with single samples treated for >1 year with TPO. Markers of
coagulation and fibrinolysis including endogenous thrombin potential
(ETP) by calibrated automated thrombography (CAT) assay, prothrombin fragments 1 + 2 (F1+2), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1
(PAI-1) activity, and D-dimer were assayed in all samples.
Results: Mean age was 55 years (32% males). 19 patients were treated
with romiplostim, 22 with eltrombopag and 3 with avatrombopag.
Median values of D-dimer at 0, 2, 6,12 weeks and >1 year were: 413,
537,477, 455, and 441 ng mL1 (cut-off <500 ng mL1), for F1+2:
298, 275, 280, 308, and 420 pmol L1 (reference interval 69 - 229
pmol L1), for PAI-1: 1.5, 1.7, 1.2, 1.0, and 1.0 ng mL1 (cut-off
<5 ng mL1), and for ETP (normalized against pooled normal
plasma): 86, 88, 91, 87, and 96 (reference interval 75138), and for
platelet counts: 19, 116, 78, 56, 106109 L1. Significant increase in
platelet counts was found after 2, 6, and 12 weeks and after >1 year of
TPO treatment, but no significant changes were found in D-dimer,
F1+2, PAI-1 or thrombin generation (ETP), except for ETP 6 weeks
after treatment compared to before treatment (P = 0.042). No significant differences in any parameters were found between pretreatment
samples in cohort 1 and after long-term treatment in cohort 2
(>1 year).
Conclusion: Coagulation is not activated by TPO-agents. Previous
studies have shown that neither platelets are activated. This indicates
that other mechanisms are affected by TPO to increase the risk of
thromboembolism.
PO312-MON
Treatment-related adverse event burden in immune
thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)
Donga P 1, Pinar Bilir S2, Munakata J2, Little G3 and Babinchak T3
1
IMS Health, Plymouth Meeting; 2IMS Health, San Francisco;
3
Emergent BioSolutions, Berwyn, USA
Background: Real-world evidence on the safety profile and costs associated with ITP treatment in adults is lacking.
Aims: To quantify and compare adverse event (AE) rates and related
costs in ITP patients treated with anti-D (AD), intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), rituximab (RIT; off-label), romiplostim (ROM) or eltrombopag (ELT).
375
Methods: Retrospective claims analysis was conducted in the IMS

PharMetrics Plus database. Included patients were 18 with diagnosis
of ITP (20072012), 1 year of continuous enrollment (CE), and an
ITP-related claim for AD, IVIG, ROM, or ELT; a 3-year CE subset
was examined for RIT. Relevant AEs were informed by package
inserts and identified by ICD9 code during active treatment, defined
from 1st claim of each drug to a pre-defined treatment gap or end of
study period. Descriptive statistics were reported with Wilcoxon ranksum significance tests (P < 0.05).
Results: A total of 2518 adult patients (AD: 364, IVIG: 879, RIT:
1,025, ROM: 175, ELT: 75) were identified (mean age 50.8
(16.3 years), 55.8% male). Of all patients, 22.8% experienced any
AE. Significantly fewer AD patients had any AE (13.8% vs. IVIG:
21.1%, RIT: 29.4%, ROM: 28.1%, ELT: 22.4%). Nausea/vomiting
and arthralgia/musculoskeletal pain were most common across
treatments, followed by headache and upper respiratory infection.
AD had significantly fewer headaches than IVIG, less nausea than
RIT and ELT, and fewer infections and arthralgia/pain vs. other
treatments. Hemolytic events did not differ significantly across
treatments. Most costly AEs were urinary infection, aseptic meningitis, and fever ($5000 + /case); headache, nasal congestion, and
hemolytic event were $40005000/case. Cost per AE did not differ
by treatment.
Conclusion: Although lower than trial-based AE rates, claims for ITP
treatment-related AEs are common, with higher numbers for RIT and
lower numbers for AD. This disparity suggests a possible differential
cost burden overall that future analysis should explore.
Disclosure of Interest: P. Donga Employee of: IMS Health, S. P. Bilir
Employee of: IMS Health, J. Munakata Employee of: IMS Health, G.
Little Employee of: Emergent BioSolutions, T. Babinchak Employee
of: Emergent BioSolutions.
PO313-MON
Hashimotos thyroiditis in children with chronic
idiopathic thrombocytopenia
Gokce M, Tahtakesen T , Bayram C, Tugcu D, Salcoglu Z,
Aydogan G, Keskndemirci G and Akc F
Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Kanuni Sultan S
uleyman
Research And Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
Background: The central process of the pathogenesis of the autoimmune disorders is disrupted self-tolerance. This point explains why
patients with one autoimmune disease are prone to develop other disorders of autoimmune nature. Immune thrombocytopenic purpura
(ITP) is one of the most common autoimmune disease during childhood.
Aims: To evaluate the incidence and clinical features of Hashimotos
thyroiditis in children with chronic ITP.
Methods: Fifty-four children with a median age of 11 years who were
diagnosed as chronic ITP according to IWG criteria were enrolled in
this study. Thyroid functions [ (fT4: 0.881.63 ng dL1), (TSH: 0.51 4.3 IU L1)] and anti-thyroid antibodies [Anti-TPO (anti-thyroid peroxidase) and anti-TG (anti-thyroglobulin)] were evaluated.
Hashmotos thyroiditis was diagnosed with the elevation of at least
one of the both antibodies, anti-TG (> 64 IU L1) and anti-TPO (>
26 IU L1). Besides; we analyzed the thyroid functions according to
serum TSH levels.
Results: The median thrombocyte level at the last examination of our
patients was 2.7 9 109 L1 (1.5598 9 109 L1). Median fT4 and
TSH levels were 1.15 ng dL1 and 2.3 IU L1, respectively.
Median anti-TG and anti-TPO levels were also 6.11 IU L1 (0
621 IU L1) and 11.9 IU L1 (0.1216 IU L1), respectively. Isolated
anti-TG elevation was seen in three patients. The other 3 patients have
elevated anti-TPO levels whereas only one patient had both elevated
anti-TG and anti-TPO. It has been shown that seven of our patients
376
ABSTRACTS
had Hashimotos thyroditis (12.9%). Four of them had thyroid ultrasonography pointing diffuse heterogenity without nodule. Only 4 of
them had compansated hypothyroidism.
Conclusion: The most common cause of acquired hypothyroidism is
Hashimotos thyroiditis in children. In a previous survey, 6.3% and
4.8% of adolescents had positive anti-Tg and anti-TPO antibodies,
respectively. In our study, we shown that Hashimotos thyroiditis is
more common in children with ITP than healthy adolescents.
PO314-MON
Serial mean platelet volumes in immune
thrombocytopenia
Varma M
Hematology-Oncology, Mount Sinai Roosevelt, New York, USA
Background: Elevated mean platelet (PLT) volume (MPV) is associated with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) but not with hypoproliferative thrombocytopenia. The time course of the MPV in adult ITP is
not known.
Aims: To characterize the time course of the MPV in adult patients
hospitalized with ITP.
Methods: Institutional Review Board approval was obtained. The ITP
ICD-9 code 287.31 was used to identify all patients with acute ITP
admitted to Mount-Sinai Roosevelt and Mount-Sinai St. Lukes Hospitals between July 2012 and June 2013. A comparison group included
4 patients with chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia admitted to
the hematology-oncology service between December 2013 and April
2014. Daily PLT counts and MPVs were recorded. The normal ranges
for PLT count and MPV at our institution are 150 000450 000 lL1
and 6.511.3 fL respectively. Linear regression was utilized to study
the relationship between PLT count and MPV.
Results: Ten admissions in 8 patients with ITP met criteria for enrollment. The MPV was normal in 7 cases (Group 1) and elevated in 3
cases (Group 2) on admission. Mean PLT count on admission was
similar between the 2 groups: 6700 lL1 and 8670 lL1 respectively,
P > 0.05. Steroids were administered to all patients. The MPV rose in
all cases during hospitalization and correlated with increase in PLT
count (r = 0.464, P < 0.01). None of the patients with chemotherapyinduced thrombocytopenia manifested an increase in MPV during
PLT nadir or PLT recovery.
Conclusion: The MPV is usually normal on admission for ITP then, in
steroid-treated patients, increases linearly with PLT count during
recovery. It is possible that the MPV time course in this study reflects
steroid-inhibition of phagocytosis, allowing for young platelets to circulate.
PO315-MON
Rituximab experience in childhood immune
thrombocytopenic purpura from a tertiary center in
Turkey
Keskindemirci G, Gokce M, Tugcu D, Genc S, Akcay A and
Aydogan G
leyman
Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Kanuni Sultan Su
Research And Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
Background: Corticosteroids and intravenous immunglobulin (IvIg)
are standart treatment methods for childhood immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). In case of failure of these drugs, rituximab
(RTX) should be used as 2nd line drug for treatment. It depletes B
cells by binding to surface CD20 antigens leading to removal of
autoreactive B cell clones. It has been reported that its initial

response rate in primary ITP was 6068% whereas 5-year response
rate was 26%.
Aims: To evaluate the response to RTX therapy in childhood ITP.
Methods: The response and side effects of RTX therapy used in 8
childhood ITP patients (4 females) were assessed retrospectively. All
the patients had RTX as the 2nd line drug after steroid and/or IvIg
therapy. Hepatitis B serology was analyzed before treatment in all
patients. No patient had splenectomy. RTX was given in a dose of
375 mg m2 per week for 4 weeks. One patient developed anaphylactic reaction and RTX was ceased immediately. It was not tried for the
same patient again. He was excluded from the evaluation. Thrombocyte count between 50100 9 109 L1 was accepted as partial
response (PR) whereas the levels above 100 9 109 L1 was accepted
as complete response (CR).
Results: Mean age of the patients at the time of treatment was
128 months (range: 50180 months). Mean duration to time of RTX
therapy was 35 months (range: 2103 months). Median thrombocyte
count before RTX was 8.5 9 109 L1. Median duration to response
was 4 months (312 months). CR and PR were achieved in 3 and 1
patients, respectively. No response was obtained in 3 patients. The
median platelet count in the responsive patients was 114 9 109 L1.
No infection, thrombosis or side effect was noted in our patients.
Conclusion: Concerning infections, RTX should be used as 2 nd line
therapy safely. But, the longer duration of follow up is needed to evaluate the efficacy of RTX.
PO316-MON
ITP with thyroid dysfunction: not merely an
association- prospective analysis
Aggarwal M, Mahapatra M and Saxena R
Hematology, All India Institute Of Medical Sciences, New Delhi,
India
Background: Immune thrombocytopenia is characterized by immune
mediated platelet destruction and suppressed platelet production leading to thrombocytopenia and bleeding. Primary ITP is characterized
by isolated thrombocytopenia without other causes. Secondary ITP
could be associated with infection with Helicobacter pylori, HIV,
lupus, thyroid dysfunction etc. Mild-moderate thrombocytopenia
common with hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism is due to reduced
non immune platelet survival and impaired production respectively.
Aims: To study prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in ITP.
Methods: This prospective study included 146 patients with age >
12 years, diagnosed as ITP. Serum T4 and TSH levels and anti thyroid
peroxidise antibodies were tested by electrochemiilluminence test. All
patients were treated as per standard guidelines and those with treatable secondary causes like H. Pylori, thyroid dysfunction were also
given specific treatment.
Results: Most of our patients were females (67%), having either persistent or chronic ITP (85%). Abnormal T4 levels were present in 29
patients (27 hypothyroid and 2 hyperthyroid). Total 26 patients had
abnormal TSH. Antithyroid peroxidase antibodies were demonstrated
in 9 patients (31%) with abnormal T4 (P value 0.038) and 14 patients
(54%) with raised TSH(P value 0.021). Hypothyroidism was significantly associated with presence of anti-nuclear antibodies (P value
0.011). Thyroid dysfunction was associated with chronic or persistent
ITP but not with response to treatment.
Conclusion: Thyroid dysfunction is common in ITP (n = 43, 29%).
Raised T4 can be due to effect of estrogen containing pills prescribed
frequently to females with menorrhagia. Disproportionately low TSH
can be seen with patients on glucocorticoids. Screening with TSH
alone is likely to be insensitive and we suggest combined T4 and TSH
for this purpose. Presence of anti-thyroid antibodies suggests autoim-
ABSTRACTS
mune nature of disease. Results of treatment of thyroid disease and
impact on platelet count are variable.
PO317-MON
Levels of cytokines secreted by t lymphocyte and the
relationship with prognosis in children immune
thrombocytopenia
Ma J1,*, Chen Z and Wu R
Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology,
National Key Discipline of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education,
Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
Background: Many studies discovered that thrombocytopenia in ITP
was not merely mediated by auto-antibodies, there might as well be
abnormalities in cellular immunity, including disturbance of TH1/TH2
balance. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether the levels of TH1
and TH2 cytokines influence the prognosis of children ITP.
Aims: Our study was designed to investigate the relationship between
T lymphocytes cytokines and prognosis in children immune thrombocytopenia (ITP).
Methods: We enrolled children ITP patients at the onset of their disease without any treatment from our department between December
2011 and March 2013. Blood samples measurement by cytometric
bead array included IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF, IFN and IL-17.
After following up for 1 year, all the enrolled patients were divided
into 3 groups according to the remission time: Newly-diagnosed ITP
Group, Persistent ITP Group and Chronic ITP Group. We compared
levels of different cytokines among 3 groups and found risk factors for
progression of the disease.
Results: There were 54 children ITP patients enrolled, including 41
(76%) formed Newly-diagnosed ITP Group, 6 (11%) formed Persistent ITP Group, 7 (13%) formed Chronic ITP Group. We found medians of TNF, IL-10 and IL-17 measured in Persistent ITP Group were
the highest and IL-4, IL-6 was the highest in Chronic ITP Group. IL2/IL-4 was the lowest in Chronic ITP Group, which indicated that
Th2 polarization. However, levels of cytokines we detected were not
significantly different among 3 groups with different prognosis.
Besides, we found TNF might be one of the factors participating in the
prolongation of the disease to more than 3 months (P < 0.05, OR
1.087), while IFN might be an indicator of a better prognosis
(P < 0.05, OR 0.911).
Conclusion: In this study, we found Th2 polarization at the onset of
disease will probably have a deferred course and worse prognosis.
TNF and IFN might be indicators which could predict ultimate duration of children ITP.
*On behalf of The first author.
PO318-MON
Elevated expression of IL-37 in patients with immune
thrombocytopenia
Liu L1, Feng K1 and Zhou H2
1
Department Of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital Of
Zhengzhou University; 2Department Of Hematology, Affiliated
Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University. Tumor Hospital of
Henan Province, Zheng Zhou, China
Background: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune hemorrhagic disease. The pathogenesis is complex and may involves many
377
cytokines. As a new anti-inflammatory cytokine of the IL-1 family, IL37 was discussed in many immune-mediated diseases.
Aims: This study was aimed at claring the role of IL-37 in the patients
with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP).
Methods: In this study, we have measured plasma IL-37IL-18
TGF- b and IFN-c levels by ELISA, and tested the expression of
mRNA by RT-PCR in 20 active ITP patients, 20 remission patients
and 20 healthy controls. .
Results: The plasma levels of lL-37 in active patients(144.54
63.98 pg mL1)were significant higher than the controls
(49.34 37.26 pg mL1,
P < 0.05),and
remission
patients
(96.03 65.14 pg mL1, P < 0.05) . The plasma levels of IL-18 and
IFN-c in active patients were significantly increased compared with
healthy controls(511.84 319.95 vs. 284.22 156.41 pg mL1,
P < 0.05;348.29 145.06 vs.225.83 78.41 pg mL 1, P < 0.05),
with remission patients (511.84 319.95 vs.282.04 183.03
pg mL1, P < 0.05;348.29 145.06 vs.162.94 104.33 pg mL1,
P < 0.05),while plasma TGF- b in the active patients was lower than
the healthy peoples (7.44 5.59 vs.23.91 5.14 mg mL1,
P < 0.05),and
remission
patients
(7.44 5.59
vs.11.13
4.43 mg mL1, P < 0.05). Compared to the healthy peoples, the
mRNA expression of IL-37, IL-18 and TGF-b in active patients were
significant difference (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference
observed for all of the four kinds of cytokines gene expressions in
remission patients compared to controls.
Conclusion: The expression of IL-37 is fairly low in health peoples,
while IL-37 is up-regulated in active ITP patients. After treatment,IL37 decreased significantly in remission patients. Cytokine IL-18
TGF- b and IFN-c also involved with this disease. The results indicate
that IL-37 is associated with the complex pathogenesis in ITP,and the
IL-37 may become a potential therapeutic target for ITP.
PO319-MON
Analysis of histocompatibility locus antigen (HLA)-G
and immunoglobulin-like transcripts (ilts) on patients
with immune thrombocytopenia
Feng Q1, Ma J1, Xu M2, Hou Y1, Yu Y1 and Peng J1
1
2
University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Background: Histocompatibility locus antigen (HLA)-G is a group of
non-classical HLA class-I molecule. HLA-G exerts suppressive effects
via interacting with its inhibitory receptors.
Aims: Our study aimed to investigate the role of HLA-G and its inhibitory receptors in immune thrombocytopenia.
Methods: The expression of HLA-G and its receptors ILT2 and ILT4
in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with
ITP, and the effect of rhHLA-G protein in correcting the aberrant
expression and function were evaluated.
Results: A significantly lower level of sHLA-G in the plasma from ITP
patients positive for either anti-GPIIb/IIIa or anti-GPIb autoantibody
was found in comparison to healthy control. However, no difference
was observed between the autoantibody-negative patients and healthy
control. The platelet count was positively correlated with the concentration of HLA-G in ITP patients. Compared with healthy control,
HLA-G and ILT2 in CD4+ and CD19+ cells, and HLA-G and ILT4
in CD14+ were significantly lower in ITP patients. The rhHLA-G protein could up-regulate the expression of ILT2 in CD4+, CD19+ cells
and ILT4 in CD14+ cells. The apoptosis of platelets co-cultured with
rhHLA-G-modulated autologous PBMCs was significantly reduced in
comparison with unmodulated PBMCs. There was no difference in
the proportion of regulatory T cells with or without the treatment of
rhHLA-G. The expression of CD86 and CD80 in dendritic cells (DCs)
378
ABSTRACTS
were found to be decreased in the presence of rhHLA-G in both ITP

patients and healthy control.
Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that the rhHLA-G could increase
the cell-mediated platelet destruction and inhibit the maturation of DCs
in patients with ITP, thus propose new therapeutic strategies for ITP.
PO320-MON
An increased major lipid raft protein raftlin associated
with b cells signaling in patients with immune
thrombocytopenia
Xian Z, Li Y, Donglei Z, Huiyuan L, Rongfeng F and Renchi Y
Institute Of Hematology And Hospital Of Blood Diseases,
Tianjin, China
Background: Raftlin, termed as raft-linking protein, is identified from
raft-associated proteins and necessary for the integrity of the lipid raft
and lymphocytes signal transduction. It was reported that the raftlin
enhanced Th17-mediated autoimmune responses in mice. Disruption
of raftlin gene in DT40 B cells resulted in the proliferation reduction
and BCR signaling suppression.
Aims: The aims of this study are to investigate the pivotal role that
raftlin molecular played in CD4+ T and B lymphocytes in ITP
patients, and to provide new clues to the new treatment of ITP.
Methods: The raftlin level in the serum of ITP patients and normal
controls was tested by ELISA. Then CD4+ T and B lymphocytes were
isolated from the peripheral blood of ITP patients and normal controls. The isolated cells were incubated with anti-human raftlin antibodies and sent to detection by flow cytometry. IFN-c and IL-17
expression were also measured with Th1/Th2/Th17 kits. Meanwhile,
the raftlin mRNA expression was quantified in CD4+ T and B lymphocytes with Real-time PCR.
Results: Compared to normal controls, the raftlin level in the sera of
ITP patients was significantly elevated. Both the percentage of B cells
expressing raftlin and the MFI of raftlin in B cells were increased in
ITP patients than normal controls. Quantitative analysis of raftlin
mRNA expression in B cells was also higher in ITP patients. However,
though the intracellular cytokines showed the increased level of IFN-c
and IL-17 in ITP patients, neither CD4+ T cells expressing raftlin nor
the raftlin mRNA expression in CD4+ T cells of ITP patients exhibited significant difference compared with normal controls.
Conclusion: In ITP patients, raftlin was demonstrated to be associated
with the B cells immune dysfuction.
Inflammation I
PO321-MON
Neutrophil elastase is not required for neutrophil
extracellular trap or deep vein thrombus formation in
mice
Martinod K1,2, Gallant M2 and Wagner DD1,2,3
1
Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School; 2Program in
Cellular and Molecular Medicine; 3Division of Hematology/
Oncology, Boston Childrens Hospital, Boston, USA
Background: The serine protease neutrophil elastase (NE) has been
shown undergo nuclear translocation during neutrophil extracellular
trap formation, resulting in histone degradation and thus aiding in
chromatin decondensation. It has been proposed that NE-deficient
(NE/) mice are unable to decondense chromatin or release NETs in
response to a microbial stimulus. However, mouse studies quantitatively evaluating the role of NE in NET formation remained to be performed.
Aims: We wished to establish if neutrophils to what degree NE/ mice

would produce NETs during sterile inflammation and to examine
whether this NE-deficiency impact venous thrombosis induced by stenosis, a model in which abundant NET release occurs in the absence
of infection.
Methods: We analyzed NE/ neutrophils for NET formation in vitro
and performed the inferior vena cava (IVC) stenosis model of deep
vein thrombosis in wild-type (WT) and NE/mice.
Results: We found that NE-deficiency only resulted in a slight reduction in NET formation in response to calcium ionophore and occurred
normally in response to PMA. In addition, histone hypercitrullination
was unaffected with either stimulus. NE/ mice formed thrombi of
similar size and with similar frequency to WT mice after either 6 or
48 h of IVC stenosis. Diffuse, extracellular H3Cit was prominent in
thrombi from mice of both genotypes.
Conclusion: Therefore, NE/ mice do not phenocopy PAD4/ mice
that are greatly protected from thrombus formation and indicate that
NE inhibition would not be a good target in DVT. Mouse experiments
using NE inhibitors with the goal of inhibiting NET formation are
therefore not recommended. Our study also highlights that NET-targeted therapies would need to be highly effective in order to have a
substantial impact.
PO322-MON
Tissue factor-dependent platelet activation supports
neutrophil recruitment, rolling and transmigration
during inflammation
Mezouar S1, Darbousset R1, Lenting P2, Denis C2, Mege J-l3,
Mackman N4, Dignat-George F1, Panicot-Dubois L1 and
Dubois C1
1
Inserm, Umr 1076, Marseille; 2Inserm, UMR-S770, Paris;
3
CNRS, 7278, Marseille, France; 4University of North Carolina at
Chapel Hill, Medical Biomolecular Research, Chapel Hill, USA
Background: Transendothelial migration of neutrophils in venules constitutes a key event in the inflammatory response. In the current view,
neutrophil recruitment occurs through selectin- and integrin-dependent interactions with the inflamed endothelium. Additionally, platelets actively participate in inflammatory reactions and atherosclerosis
by the action of proinflammatory chemokines.
Aims: In this present study we propose to determine the involvement
of the blood coagulation cascade and platelets on inflammation. with
a sterile inflammation mice model in real time using a multichannel
intravital spinning disk confocal microscope.
Methods: We used a sterile inflammation mice model in real time using
a multichannel intravital spinning disk confocal microscope.
Results: In the seconds following an inflammatory stimulus, neutrophils adhere to the inflamed endothelium through ICAM-1 and lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) interactions, become
activated, and express TF, which induces platelet activation and fibrin
formation. Activated platelets bound to vWF surround the inflamed
vessel and express P-selectin. Circulating neutrophils roll on platelet Pselectin and adhere to platelets and fibrin clots before transmigrating.
Last, infusion of wild-type neutrophils into mice expressing low levels
of human TF (1%) and wild-type platelets into P-selectin null mice
restored platelet adhesion and activation; fibrin formation; and the
rolling, adhesion, and transmigration of neutrophils.
Conclusion: Taken together, our results indicate that platelets constitute a third cellular partner and together with the TF play a key role in
the innate immune response. Our data identify a previously unknown
role for the coagulation cascade and platelets in neutrophil recruitment
and highlight the close relationship between the hemostatic system and
inflammation.
ABSTRACTS
PO323-MON
Effect of glucose levels in increased neutrophil
extracellular trap formation (NETS) in type 2 diabetes
patients at diagnosis and after 6 and 12 months of
metabolic control
Schattner MA1, Carestia A1,2, Frechtel G2, Cerrone G2,
Gonzalez C3, Linari MA4 and Casais P1
1
Experimental Thrombosis, Institute of Experimental MedicineConicet-National Academy of Medicine; 2Department of
Microbiology, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry;
3
Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of
Buenos Aires; 4Nutrition and Endocrinology, NORMED/UOM,
Background: Diabetes is characterized by a low grade chronic inflammatory state, endothelial dysfunction, an increased risk of infections
and early cardiovascular disease. The release of NETs is a mechanism
by which neutrophils in concerted action with platelets and endothelium, kill bacteria and exerts proinflammatory and prothrombotic
activities.
Aims: To explore the association between blood glucose reduction and
changes in NET formation and other inflammatory markers in
recently diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients (RDT2DP).
Methods: RDT2DP (N = 12, glycemia 210 29 mg dL1- HbA1c
9.6 0.5%) and healthy donors (N = 12) were included after obtaining informed written consent from all participants. NET formation
was studied by fluorometry labelling cells with Sybr Gold. Nucleosomes and von Willebrand factor plasmatic levels (vWF) were measured by ELISA and platelet P-selectin by cytometry. All parameters
were evaluated at diagnosis and after 6 and 12 months of metformin
treatment.
Results: While unstimulated neutrophils from donors did not form
NETs, RDT2DP exhibited spontaneous NET formation
(0.2 0.04vs.0.5 0.1 mg mL1 of DNA, P < 0.05, Student t-test).
AlthoughTNFa stimulation of control neutrophils triggered DNA
release (0.6 0.1 mg mL1) patients neutrophils were not responsive
(0.5 0.1 mg mL1). While glycemia and HbA1c levels were normalized after 6 months of treatment (117 6.1 mg dL1 and 6.5 0.2,
respectively), basal (0.3 0.1 mg mL1) and TNFa-mediated NET
formation reached normal values (0.6 0.1 mg mL1) after
12 months. Nucleosome levels were higher in patients than in controls
(0.6 0.20 vs. 1 0.02, P < 0.05,) and decreased after 12 months
(0.3 0.1 mg mL1). P-selectin expression (% of positive cells control:6 1 vs. patients 7 2), and vWF levels (control:5.7 0.6 vs.
patients:4.7 0.5 mg mL1) were similar in both populations.
Conclusion: Our preliminary data suggest that NETs could represent a
novel inflammatory biomarker in type 2 diabetes and that increased
nucleosome levels seems not to be a consequence of impaired glycemic
control.
PO324-MON
Impact of PCSK9 in a murine mouse model of sepsis
Dwivedi DJ1, Khan M1, Lysov Z1, Prat A2, Fox-Robichaud AE1,
Seidah NG2 and Liaw PC1
1
Department of Medicine, TaARI, McMaster University,
Hamilton; 2Laboratory of Biochemical Neuroendocrinology,
IRCM, affiliated to the University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
Background: Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9),
plays a key role in low density lipoprotein (LDL) degradation. Loss of
function of PCSK9 exerts a protective effect in sepsis in both mice and
humans, possibly via increased pathogen lipid clearance. In contrast,
overexpression of PCSK9 and PCSK9 gain of function variants exhibit
379
increase in circulating LDL cholesterol and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease.

Aims: To study the role of PSCK9 in a murine model of polymicrobial
sepsis, using cecal-ligation and puncture (CLP). We hypothesize that
reduced function of PCSK9 has a protective effect in sepsis, while
overexpression of PCSK9 in mice exacerbates the proinflammatory
and procoagulant responses.
Methods: Wild-type (Pcsk9+/+), PSCK9 KO (Pcsk9/) and PCSK9
overexpressing (Tg-Pcsk9) male mice were subjected to intra-abdominal sepsis using CLP and Sham surgery (no ligation or puncture).
Eight hours post-surgery, blood was collected via the inferior vena
cava. Lung myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, plasma levels of cell free
DNA (cfDNA), Protein C (PC) antigen, thrombin-antithrombin
(TAT) complexes, interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin 10 (IL-10) were
measured.
Results: All the mice subjected to CLP showed increases in levels of
cfDNA, IL-6, IL-10, TAT complexes as well as Lung MPO activity,
and decreased levels of circulating PC antigen as compared to sham
operated mice. Interestingly, the Pcsk9/mice subjected to CLP
showed reduced levels of IL-6, IL-10, cfDNA, TAT complexes, PC
and decreased Lung MPO activity in comparison to the CLP subjected
WT mice. On the other hand, Tg-Pcsk9 septic mice showed elevations
in the levels of cfDNA, IL-6, IL-10, TAT complexes, PC and MPO
activity as compared to the septic WT mice.
Conclusion: Our results showed that PCSK9 modulates inflammation
and coagulation in septic mice. Thus, therapies that target PCSK9
might improve outcomes of sepsis.
PO325-MON
Plasma cell-free DNA levels are elevated in patients
with acute ischemic heart failure partially due to
neutrophil extracellular trap formation
Brill A1, Shantsila E2, Ponomaryov T1, Dinsdale R3, Harrison P3 and
Lip G2
1
Institute of Biomedical Research, Centre for Cardiovascular
Sciences; 2Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital;
3
School of Immunity and Infection, University of Birmingham,
Edgbaston Birmingham, UK
Background: Heart failure (HF) is a serious clinical problem. Inflammation is an integral part of the HF pathogenesis. Inflammation is
accompanied by the release of nuclear content resulting either from
cell destruction or Neutrophil Extracellular Trap (NETs) formation.
The presence and source of plasma DNA in HF patients remains
unknown.
Aims: To measure levels of cell-free DNA in plasma in acute HF
(AHF), correlate them with stable HF (SHF), non-HF and healthy
individuals and with other indices of thromboinflammation as well as
to verify to what extent this DNA originates from NETs.
Methods: Patients with ischemic AHF (n = 50) were compared to
patients with SHF (n = 38), stable coronary artery disease (CAD) with
no HF (n = 38) and healthy controls (n = 35). Plasma DNA levels
were measured using SYTOX Green and Synergy HT fluorescence
microplate reader.
Results: Individuals with AHF had elevated plasma DNA levels compared to all other study groups (P < 0.001). In patients with AHF,
amount of plasma DNA directly correlated with neutrophil count
(r = 0.38, P = 0.035) and levels of high sensitivity C-reactive protein
(r = 0.43, P = 0.002) and interleukin-6 (r = 0.44, P = 0.002). Correlation with lymphocyte count was inverse (r = -0.49, P = 0.004). An
insignificant trend to decrease in DNA levels was observed during 3month follow up period (P = 0.13). DNA levels (assessed as quartiles
using the Cox regression analysis) were insignificantly predictive of the
end-point death or re-hospitalization or death alone. Western blot
380
ABSTRACTS
showed citrullinated histone 3 (CitH3, a hallmark of NETs) in 4 AHF

(n = 11) and 1 SHF (n = 4) plasma samples containing the highest levels of DNA. No CitH3 was observed in healthy controls or CAD
(n = 4 and 3, respectively).
Conclusion: Free plasma DNA levels are increased in AHF where they
correlate with neutrophil count and plasma inflammation markers and
inversely correlate with lymphocyte count. NETs may account for the
elevated DNA amounts in a part but not all patients.
PO326-MON
The histone-cleaving factor seven activating protease
does not promote degradation of neutrophil
extracellular traps
Luken BM1, Bulder I1, Stunnenberg M1, Marsman G1,
Schimmel M1 and Zeerleder S1,2
1
Immunopathology, Sanquin Research, and Landsteiner
Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam;
2
Hematology, Academic Medical Center, University of
Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Background: Increased Factor VII activating protease (FSAP) antigen
and activation have been linked to sepsis, carotid and coronary artery
stenosis. FSAP circulates as an inactive zymogen, and is (auto-) activated upon binding to charged molecules including histones, DNA
and RNA, and upon contact with apoptotic or necrotic cells. We
have shown that FSAP greatly accelerates the release of nucleosomes
from late apoptotic and, in the presence of DNase, also necrotic cells,
and that histone H1 is cleaved in this process. Recently, it has been
shown that histones and nucleosomes are released in the form of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in sepsis, experimental stroke, and
several thrombotic and inflammatory diseases. NETs/histones are
highly cytotoxic and prothrombotic and we hypothesized that FSAP
activation in these diseases may aid NETs clearance through histone
proteolysis.
Aims: To determine whether FSAP is activated upon contact with
NETs and promotes the degradation of NETs in plasma/serum.
Methods: Neutrophils were stimulated with PMA to induce NETs
and incubated with FSAP containing serum or recombinant FSAP.
FSAP binding to NETs was studied by immunofluorescence microscopy. FSAP-a2 -antiplasmin (AP) complexes were measured as indirect marker for FSAP activation. NETs degradation was
determined using Picogreen assay for released DNA, and nucleosome ELISA.
Results: Using confocal microscopy we found that FSAP appears to
colocalise with NETs. Moreover we found that nucleosomes in
NETs were degraded upon incubation with pre-activated recombinant FSAP. However, there was no difference between NETs DNA
degradation in the presence of normal or FSAP deficient serum,
and FSAP even appeared to protect NETs DNA from degradation
by added DNase1. Surprisingly, no FSAP activation by NETs was
detected by measuring FSAP complex formation with the plasma
serpin AP.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that whilst FSAP binds to NETs this
does not lead to its activation and the degradation of NETs.
Disclosure of Interest: B. Luken: None declared, I. Bulder: None
declared, M. Stunnenberg: None declared, G. Marsman: None
declared, M. Schimmel: None declared, S. Zeerleder Grant/Research
Support from: Unrestricted grant from ViroPharma/Shire.
PO327-MON
Mechanism of e- viniferin inhibits superoxide
generation in human neutrophil
Lin C-H1, Liao HR1 and Chen J-J2
1
Natural products, Chang Gung University; 2Pharmacy &
Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Technology
Ta-jen University, TAIPEI, Taiwan
Background: Neutrophils is the most abundant immune cells in human
body. The undesirable respiratory burst in neutrophils leads to pathological inflammation and tissue damage. Neutrophils play a important
role in our innate immune system.
Aims: This study investigates the effect and the underlying mechanism
of e- Viniferin (VT-1), a lignan extracted from the Vitis thunbergii Sieb. & Zucc. var. thunbergii, on N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMLP)-induced respiratory burst in human
neutrophils.
Methods: Signaling pathways regulated by e- Viniferin to oppose
fMLP-induced respiratory burst and cathepsin G release were evaluated by receptor binding assay, other agonist-induced respiratory
burst, phosphorylation of other proteins induced by fMLP and other
agonists.
Results: e- Viniferin inhibited fMLP-induced superoxide anion production (IC50 = 2.30 0.96 lM, meanSEM, n = 6), cathepsin G release
(IC50 = 30.15 2.59 lM, n = 3) in a concentration dependent manner. Further, e- Viniferin specific suppresses fMLP and receptor binding function (IC50 = 4.36 1.74 lM, meanSEM, n = 6).
Consequently, e- Viniferin attenuated ERK1/2 and Akt phosphorylation which are the downstream proteins of fMLP singinaling. In addition, combine e- Viniferin and the FPRL1 antagonist WRW4 can have
additional effect in the superoxide anion production and fMLP and its
receptor binding function.
Conclusion: e- Viniferin specific opposes fMLP-mediated neutrophil
respiratory burst by inhibiting fMLP bind with it receptors, specifically
effect on the FPR. e- Viniferin maybe is a FPR antagonist.
PO328-MON
Inhibitory effect of NKSE-5a on superoxide anion
generation in human neutrophils
Tseng T-C1, Chen I-S2 and Liao H-R1
1
Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taipei; 2School of
Parmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
Background: Neutrophils play an important antimicrobial role in protecting the host from a range of infectious agents by the generation of
reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, inappropriate ROS production damage host tissues, amplifying the response in inflammatory diseases.
Aims: The undesirable respiratory burst in neutrophils leads to pathological inflammation and tissue damage. This study investigates the
effect and the underlying mechanism of 9-90 -O-diferuloyls-ecoisolariciresinol(NKSE-5A), a lignan extracted from the Microtropis japonica,
on N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMLP) and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced respiratory burst in
human neutrophils.
Methods: Signaling pathways regulated by NKSE-5A to oppose fMLP
and PMA-induced respiratory burst were evaluated by phosphorylation of Akt kinase induced by fMLP, Akt kinases activity and by
immunoblotting analysis of the downstream targets of Akt kinase.
Results: NKSE-5A inhibited fMLP-induced superoxide anion production (IC50 = 3.57 1.26 lM, meanSEM, n = 6) in a concentration
dependent manner. However, NKSE-5A did not inhibit superoxide
anion production caused by PMA, cathepsin G release and calcium
release neither caused by fMLP and PMA. Further, NKSE-5A non 2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997
ABSTRACTS
specific minor suppresses fMLP and PMA-induced Akt and Erk(p42/
p44) phosphorylation. These results indicate that NKSE-5A inhibits
fMLP and PMA induced superoxide production upstream of the
NADPH oxidase via a mechanism involving Erk and Akt kinase phosphorylation.
Conclusion: NKSE-5A inhibits fMLP and PMA induced superoxide
production upstream of the NADPH oxidase via a mechanism involving Erk and Akt kinase phosphorylation. P38, p47phox, p40phox etc, we
have to confirm that NKSE-5A suppresses fMLP or PMA induced
these protein phosphorylation or translocation to inhibit superoxide
anion production.
PO329-MON
Diabetes primes neutrophils to undergo netosis which
severely impairs wound healing
Wong SL1,2, Demers M1,2, Martinod K1,2, Gallant M1, Wang Y3,
Goldfine AB4, Ronald Kahn C5 and Wagner DenisaD1,2,6
1
Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Childrens
Hospital; 2Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School,
Boston; 3Center for Eukaryotic Gene Regulation, Department of
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State
University, University Park; 4Section of Clinical Research;
5
Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin
Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School; 6Division of
Hematology/Oncology, Boston Childrens Hospital, Boston, USA
Background: Diabetes impairs wound repair resulting in significant
morbidity and mortality. Neutrophils, being involved in the early
phase of healing, can trap and destroy bacteria by extruding their
DNA and cellular contents to form neutrophil extracellular traps
(NETs). However, NETs are injurious to tissue and thus could delay
healing. While NETs are recognized to fuel inflammation and thrombosis, how diabetes modulates NET formation (NETosis) and whether
NETs impair diabetic wound healing remain unknown.
Aims: To test the hypotheses that NETs are overproduced in diabetes
and that the impaired wound healing in diabetes is due to excessive
NETs in wounds.
Methods: Neutrophils isolated from diabetic patients (type 1 and type
2) and mice (streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice and db/db mice)
were subjected to in vitro NETosis assays. Protein expression of peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PAD4), an enzyme important in chromatin
decondensation preceding NETosis, was examined by Western blotting. Normoglycemic and diabetic wild-type (WT) and PAD4-/- mice
undergone excisional skin wounding were monitored for healing
macro- and microscopically. DNase 1 was administered to evaluate its
impact on wound healing.
Results: Neutrophils from both type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients and
diabetic mice were primed for NETosis compared to normoglycemic
controls. PAD4 was 4-fold elevated in neutrophils of diabetic patients.
Higher levels of NET biomarkers were found in wounds of diabetic
WT mice which suffered a significant delay in healing. Impressively,
PAD4-/- mice, which cannot make NETs, healed faster than WT and
showed no delay in healing when made diabetic. DNase 1 accelerated
wound healing in diabetic WT mice.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that diabetes predisposes neutrophils
to NET overproduction, which is a key factor delaying diabetic wound
repair. PAD4 inhibition or NET cleavage may be a new therapeutic
strategy to improve wound healing and reduce NET-driven thrombotic and inflammatory complications in diabetics.
381
PO330-MON
Determinants of the regulatory action of platelets
towards neutrophil activities
Le Gros A, Ollivier V, Syvannarath V, Jandrot-Perrus M and
Ho-Tin-No
eB
UMRS 1148 -Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science,
Bichat Hospital, Inserm-University Paris Diderot, Paris, France
Background: Platelets intervene at various stages of innate and adaptative immune responses. In various models of inflammation, platelets
have been shown to promote leukocyte recruitment and infiltration, to
modulate leukocyte activities, and to repair vascular damage associated with leukocyte trafficking. Platelets can either stimulate or inhibit
neutrophil activities depending on the pathophysiological situation or
experimental model considered, suggesting that regulation of neutrophil functions is dependent on the inflammatory context. However, the
factors that determine the pro- or anti-neutrophil activity of platelets
remain to be determined.
Aims: To identify the determinants of the regulatory action of platelets
towards neutrophil secretion and oxidative activity.
Methods: Isolated human neutrophils were co-incubated with washed
platelets and stimulated or not with tumor necrosis factor alpha
(TNF-a). In some experiments cell culture inserts were used to prevent
the contact between the two cell types. Platelet agonists and inhibitors
were also used to modulate the state of activation of platelets. For
each experimental condition, the activity and secretion of elastase and
myeloperoxidase (MPO), as well as the production of reactive oxygen
species (ROS) by neutrophils were quantified.
Results: While platelets had no effect on the activity of purified elastase
or MPO, they reduced significantly the secretion of these two enzymes
as well as ROS production in both unstimulated and TNF-a-stimulated neutrophil suspensions. These inhibitory effects of platelets were
enhanced by thrombin and fibrillar collagen. In contrast, when the
contact between platelets and neutrophils was prevented, platelets lost
their ability to downregulate neutrophil activities.
Conclusion: Our results indicate that regulation of neutrophil injurious
activities by platelets relies on direct interaction between the two cell
types and on the state of activation of platelets.
PO331-MON
The leukocyte integrin b2 primes neutrophils for
netosis in sickle cell disease
Elsherif L1, Shen JH2, Strayhorn D2, Ataga KI2, Doerschuk CM2
and Parise LV1
1
Biochemistry and Biophysics; 2Medicine, University of North
Carolina At Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
Background: Approximately 100 000 people are affected by Sickle Cell
Disease (SCD) in the USA; moreover, the disease is considered a global public health problem. SCD is a chronic inflammatory disease
marked by more activated neutrophils. Neutrophils can extrude their
decondensed chromatin to form structures called neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) that kill circulating pathogens. Although NETs are
often beneficial to the host, NETs can lead to lethal complications in
several diseases.
Aims: Our aims are to determine the extent to which NETs are
involved in SCD pathophysiology and to investigate the potential
mechanisms leading to NETosis (death by NETs).
Methods: NETosis was assessed in isolated neutrophils from consented
SCD patients and non-SCD donors, treated with NETosis agonists
and stained with a DNA dye. NETosis was assessed by quantifying
the distinctive decondensed nuclei.
Results: Neutrophils isolated from SCD patients and stimulated with
phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) or glucose oxidase exhibited
382
ABSTRACTS
more NETosis than non-SCD donors. Treatment with integrin b2 and

aM but not b1, aL or aX function blocking antibodies significantly
attenuated NETosis, suggesting the involvement of aMb2 in SCDrelated NETosis. In addition, neutrophils from integrin b2 knockout
mice had reduced NETosis. Furthermore, a higher number of SCD
neutrophils expressed the activated form of integrin b2 (78% SCD vs
53% controls) and aM (55% SCD vs 16% control). Unstimulated
SCD neutrophils expressed higher levels of pERK1/2, which is a necessary signaling kinase in NETosis.
Conclusion: Our study is the first to indicate that neutrophils of human
SCD patients are more sensitive to NETosis in part, due to activation
of integrin aMb2. Therefore, targeting this specific integrin has potential in attenuating NET-associated complications in SCD.
PO332-MON
Neutrophil incorporation of membrane fragments from
dying platelets
Jackson SP1, Yuan Y2 and Bark D Jr2
1
Heart Research Institute, and the Charles Perkins Centre,
Monash Univeristy, Sydney; 2Australian Centre for Blood
Diseases, Monash Univeristy, Melbourne, Australia
Background: Activation of the apoptotic or necrotic death pathways in
platelets can induce phosphatidylserine (PS) expression. We have
recently demonstrated that necrotic platelets produce high levels of the
proinflammatory lipid PAF and are highly reactive to leukocytes, raising the possibility that these platelets may have proinflammatory functions.
Aims: To investigate the biophysical interactions between necrotic
PS+ve platelets and neutrophils under varying hemodynamic shear
stress.
Methods: Neutrophils were perfused over PS+ve and PSve platelet
monolayers or thrombi, and PS+ve platelet-neutrophil interactions
monitored.
Results: Our studies have revealed that rolling neutrophils extract
membrane fragments from the surface of necrotic PS+ve platelets at
physiologic shear rates. The stability of platelet membranes was
determined by exposing PS+ve platelet monolayers to sequential
increases in shear. Membrane deformation and fragmentation was
observed at 1,800s-1 (corresponding to a drag force of 4.5pN mm1),
progressing to full platelet detachment at 28 800 s-1 (72pN mm1).
Estimation of the drag forces imposed by rolling neutrophils on
PS+ve platelets revealed a force of 3.85pN mm at 150s-1 when neutrophil adhesion was distributed evenly over the entire spread platelet
(10 mm), increasing up to 385pN mm1 when neutrophils pulled
localized membrane fragments (0.1 mm). The PS+ve platelet instability correlated with the progressive loss of filamentous actin, a process
greatly lowering the neutrophil drag force required for membrane
fragmentation. Notably, numerous proinflammatory molecules
expressed on PS+ve platelet surfaces became associated with the rolling neutrophils.
Conclusion: PS+ve platelets have fragile membranes that fragment
under the influence of hemodynamic drag forces imposed by rolling
neutrophils. This fragility may be important to promote leukocyte
inflammatory function by presenting surface expressed and granule
stored inflammatory molecules to rolling leukocytes.
Microparticles I
PO333-MON
General decrease of circulating microparticles is
related to the presence of FVIII inhibitors in hemophilia
A patients
jo H1, TeixeiraChaves D1, Silveira A2, Moreira M2, B
ela S2, Arau
Carvalho A2, Campos-Nunes F3 and Martins-Filho O2
1
rio de
stico e Monitorac~
ao, Centro de
acia,
Pesquisa Ren
e Rachou Fiocruz/MG; 3Faculdade de Farm
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
Background: The cell activation in the blood is associated with plasma
membrane remodeling, resulting in the shedding of membrane-derived
microparticles (MPs) rich in accessible phosphatidylserine and in specific cell-surface antigens. There are limited data about the role of MPs
in hemophilia A [HA] and especially in FVIII inhibitors development.
Aims: This study aimed to assess the MPs dosage in patients with HA
and positive [HAa-FVIII(+)] (n = 34) or negative [HAa-FVIII()]
(n = 68) for inhibitors.
Methods: The study was conducted in Fundac~ao Hemominas, Belo
Horizonte, MG, Brazil. The recruitment of participants and the methodology of the study were approved by the Brazilian ethics committees. MPs were analyzed by flow cytometry using the classical MPs
marker, annexin, and fluorochrome-labeled monoclonal antibodies
against specific cell surface markers: T cells (CD3); platelets (CD41a);
granulocytes (CD66); leukocytes (CD45); erythrocytes (CD235a); and
endothelial cells (CD51/61).
Results: The meaning of circulating MPs were markedly increased in
HAa-FVIII(-) when compared to HAa-FVIII(+) in T cells (33.58
15.08 vs 13.20 14.70; P < 0.01); platelets (203.10 450.00 vs
50.86 54.64; P = 0.03); granulocytes (12.05 7.95 vs 6.78 6.08;
P < 0.01); leukocytes (241.10 419.30 vs 71.29 45.87; P = 0.02);
endothelial cells (31.57 11.42 vs 22.22 11.41; P < 0.01) (MPs/lL
standard deviation). In contrast, the meaning MPs lL1 of erythrocytes were higher in HAa-FVIII(+) (12.64 10.01 vs 8.58 9.53;
P < 0.01).
Conclusion: We found recently that HAa-FVIII() patients has
increased activation of all leukocytes and synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These data could explain the increased presence of
MPs in these patients. Increases in circulating MPs counts may be a
good prognostic for inhibitors clearance and could be used as an
important biomarker for the inhibitors development. More research is
needed to fully understand the role of MPs in hemophilia A. Financial
support: Fundac~ao Hemominas, Fapemig, CAPES and CNPq.
PO334-MON
Pro-coagulant actions of circulating microparticles in
sickle cell anemia and sepsis associated coagulopathy
and their modulation by a triblock polymer MST 1-88
Fareed J1, Hoppensteadt D1, Emanuele M2, Syed D1, Abro S1,
Jeske W3 and Wahi R1
1
Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood; 2Mast
Therapeutics, San Diego; 3Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery,
Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, USA
Background: Circulating microparticles (MPs) represent vesicles and
cellular fragments which are generated in both sickle cell anemia
(SCA) and sepsis associated coagulopathy (SAC). Veploxamer is a triblock polymer with affinity to hydrophobic surfaces which are generated in microangiopathic conditions.
ABSTRACTS
Aims: To test the hypothesis that Veploxamer may decrease the procoagulant effects of MPs, a functional method to access MPs levels
and a thrombin generation assay was used.
Methods: Citrated and EDTA whole blood samples (N = 25) were collected from normal individuals, SCA patients (n = 10) and confirmed
SAC patients (n = 10). Individual aliquots of these samples were supplemented with saline and Veploxamer at a range of 0.110 mg mL1.
After 30mins of incubation these mixtures were centrifuged at 2500 g
and plasma was retrieved. These samples were analyzed for functional
levels using an annexin binding amidolytic method for MPs mediated
thrombin generation, and TF mediated thrombin generation using a
flurometric method.
Results: In comparison to normal (18.4 5.1 nm), the MPs levels
were significantly higher in the SCA (35.1 9.4 nm) and SAC
patients (26.1 82 nm). The functional level of MPs was markedly
reduced in the Veploxamer supplemented normal (8.3 1.4 nm),
SCA (16.1 4.6 nm) and SAC (12.6 2.8 nm). In the thrombin generation assays in contrast to normal (240 28 nm) SCA patients
(320 48 nM) and in SAC patients plasma (349 68 nm) generated
higher levels of thrombin. Supplementation of Veploxamer resulted in
significant decrease in thrombin generation in normal (108 12 nm),
SCA patients plasma (1480 181 nm) and SAC patients
(158 22 nm) groups.
Conclusion: Both SCA and SAC are associated with vasculopathy due
to the deposition of fibrin in the microvasculture resulting in the generation of MPs from cellular deformation and damage. Supplementation
of Veploxamer to both groups of blood samples resulted in a marked
decrease of functional MPs and thrombin generation.
Disclosure of Interest: J. Fareed: None declared, D. Hoppensteadt:
None declared, M. Emanuele Employee of: Mast Therapeutics, D.
Syed: None declared, S. Abro: None declared, W. Jeske: None
declared, R. Wahi: None declared.
PO335-MON
The role of microvesiceles derived from myeloma cells
in thrombogenicity and angiogenesis
Zarfati M1, Katz T1,2, Avivi I3 and Aharon A1,2
1
Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion; 2Department of
Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Rambam Health
Care Campus, Haifa; 3Department of Hematology and Bone
Marrow Transplantation, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel
Aviv, Israel
Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant disease characterized by increased angiogenic activity and thrombogenicity.The
properties of myeloma cell derived microvesicles (MM-MVs), potentially serving as vehicles for cytokines and coagulation factors, are not
fully elucidated.
Aims: The current study was aimed to characterize MM-derived MVs,
focusing on their role in angiogenesis and thrombogenicity and explore
the impact of proteasome inhibitor therapy [Bortezomib (Bort)] on
these biological processes and MV profile.
Methods: MVs were generated from MM cell line RPMI 8226
untreated or treated with 100 nM Bort. Properties of MM-MVs were
tested (FACS, protein arrays) and their coagulation activity was
checked by the FXa chromogenic assay. The migratory capacity
(migration assay), proliferation rate (XTT assay) and cell signaling
effects (Western blot analysis) of MVs on endothelial cells (ECs) were
analyzed.
Results: MM-MVs expressed MM-derived markers (syndecan-1/
CD138, CD38) as well as coagulation (TF, TFPI, EPCR, TM) and
angiogenic-related factors (VEGFR1, VEGFR2, and CD31). They
also contained angiogenic antigens (angiogenin, PDGF-BB and
VEGF) and displayed procoagulant activity. Both untreated and Borttreated MM-MVs penetrated ECs. However, while MVs obtained
383
from untreated cells increased migration and proliferation capacity of

ECs (by 13 and 1.4 folds respectively), MVs derived from cells treated
with Bort failed to induce these effects. MVs of untreated cells
increased ERK1/2 and c-Jun phosphorylation in ECs (by 6.15 and
1.84 folds) but did not affect MAPKAPK-2. In contrast, MVs of Bort
treated cells reduced c-Jun phosphorylation (by 27%) in ECs.
Conclusion: The expression of angiogenic and coagulation factors on
MM-MVs and their penetration to ECs may play a role in EC proliferation and migration, resulting in increased angiogenesis. MVs of Bort
treated cells suppress these effects, thereby potentially contributing to
MM regression.
PO336-MON
Antithrombin is incorporated into exosomes and its
presence in these vesicles is modulated by low
molecular weight heparin
Martnez-Martnez I1, Carrasco P2, Martn-Villar E2, GarcaAndreo A1, Bohdan N1, Espn S1, Corral J1, Vicente V1 and
Quintanilla M2
1
edica, Hospital
Hemodonacio
Murcia; 2Carcinogenesis Epitelial, Instituto de Investigaciones
Biom
edicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
Background: Exosomes are 40100 nm vesicles of endocytic origin
which are produced by normal and tumor cells. They mediate cell-cell
communication regulating processes such as inflammation and metastasis. They content proteins and different species of RNA. By proteomic analysis of exosomes from MDCK cells (canine kidney epithelial
cells) we found that bovine antithrombin (AT) was present. AT is the
main inhibitor of the coagulation. However, it has been shown that
AT exerts other roles beyond hemostasis, such as anti-inflammatory,
anti-angiogenic, anti-apoptotic and anti-viral. Heparin is the main cofactor of AT and it binds to a positively charged domain of AT called
heparin binding site (HBS) inducing an activating conformational
change. However, the anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic roles of
AT depend on its binding to heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG)
through this HBS, which is blocked in presence of heparin.
Aims: To study if exogenous AT binds to cell membrane receptors that
are later incorporated into exosomes and whether heparin can modulate this process.
Methods: Isolation and purification of exosomes from MDCK cells,
SDS-PAGE and Western blot, trypsin treatment of exosomes and
Electron Microscopy.
Results: Levels of AT in exosomes were higher in those obtained from
cells incubated in presence of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH),
and it was no present in cell lysates and released microvesicles. This
result suggests that LMWH favors the interaction of AT to its receptor, which is unlikely an HSPG. Moreover, a fraction of AT of exosomes had a higher molecular weight in SDS-PAGE under reducing
conditions, which suggests a covalent complex with another protein.
Treatment of exosomes with 0.05% trypsin, degraded AT without
affecting the exosome integrity, suggesting that AT is on the exosome
surface.
Conclusion: Exogenous AT is incorporated into the surface of MDCKexosomes but its role and how this role is modulated by LMWH is currently under investigation.
384
ABSTRACTS
PO337-MON
Single case report: monitoring the balance of
microparticle-associated procoagulant and fibrinolytic
potentials after orthopedic surgery
Poncelet P1, Judicone C1,2, Bez J1, Bouriche T1, Francois B3,
Forestier E4, Bereziat O5, Sampol J6,7, Lacroix R2,7 and George F2,7
1
R & T, Biocytex; 2Hematology and Vascular Biology
Department, CHU La Conception, APHM, Marseille; 3Orthopedic
Surgery, Clinique des C
evennes, Annonay; 4Laboratoire Forestier,
Davezieux; 5JSbio analytical labs, Auriol; 6CERBA European Labs,
e, INSERM,
Paris; 7VRCM, UMR-S1076, Aix-Marseille Universit
Faculte de Pharmacie, Marseille, France
Background: Cell-derived microparticles (MPs) vehiculate either procoagulant or pro-fibrinolytic potentials via phosphatidylserine (PS) +/tissue factor (TF) expression or via the uPA-uPAr complex respectively (1). These functions can now be measured on purified MPs following plasma extraction, but their impact on hemostasis is still
unclear.
Aims: This single case observational study aimed to monitor potential
modulations of both MP potentials in the course of orthopedic surgery.
Methods: One staff member was submitted to knee surgery and regularly donated blood samples, everyday around surgery and on a
weekly basis during standard LMWH treatment. Platelet-free plasma
(PFP) was generated from citrated blood by sequential centrifugations
(2500 g 15 min twice) and aliquoted for -80 C storage. TF-dependent
procoagulant activity was measured in a FXa generation assay on
MPs purified by centrifugation (24 000 g, 1 h), as modified from (2)
with femtomolar sensitivity. MP-linked plasmin generation capacity
(MP-PGC), characteristic of fibrinolytic potential, was measured on
myeloid leucocyte-derived MPs isolated from plasma by CD15-coated
magnetic beads with a prototype assay using a plasmin-specific chromogenic substrate.
Results: As also observed in healthy donors, baseline levels of MP-TF
activity were low albeit not null (10 3 fM TF). Slightly higher (1.5
to 2x) than baseline and pre-op. levels were measured immediately
post-op, 24 h and 48 h after intervention. Compared to baseline MPPGC, high and sustained levels (46x normal, d + 13 to d + 40) were
observed when LMWH dosage was increased (4.5 to 18 000 IU per
day) to fight against leg micro-phlebitis.
Conclusion: These limited observations suggest that MP fibrinolytic
potential may be elevated just after recent thrombus formation and/or
as a consequence of enhancing heparin treatment, thus favoring plasmin generation and clot dissolution via uPA-uPAr+ MPs. They advocate for future studies in orthopedic surgery. 1) Lacroix R, JTH 2013.
2) Lee RD, Thr Res 2012.
Disclosure of Interest: P. Poncelet Employee of: BioCytex, C. Judicone
Employee of: BioCytex, J. Bez Employee of: BioCytex, T. Bouriche
Employee of: BioCytex, B. Francois: None declared, E. Forestier:
None declared, O. Bereziat: None declared, J. Sampol: None declared,
R. Lacroix: None declared, F. George: None declared.
PO338-MON
Patients with unprovoked venous thromboembolism
have higher concentration of large extracellular
vesicles with augmented potential to initiate
coagulation activation
Jamaly S1, Starikova I1,2, Tichelaar V1, Ramberg C1,2,
Latysheva N1 and Hansen J-B1,2
1
K.G. Jebsen-Thrombosis Research and Expertise CenterTREC,
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromso The
Arctic University of Norway; 2Division of Internal Medicine,
University Hospital of North Norway, Tromso, Norway
Background: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membrane vesicles
(501000 nm) released from activated cells that may play an important
role in the pathogenesis of thrombotic diseases.
Aims: To investigate whether patients with unprovoked venous thromboembolism (VTE) have different concentration, size distribution, and
pro-coagulant potential of plasma EVs than age-and sex-matched
healthy controls.
Methods: A case-control study was performed in 23 patients with a history of incident unprovoked VTE 15 years prior of the study, and 23
age- and sex-matched healthy controls recruited from the general population.The plasma concentration and size distribution of EVs was
measured using NanoSight NS300.The pro-coagulant potential of EVs
was tested by the calibrated automated thrombogram (CAT) assay.
Purified EVs from patients and controls was added without and with
3.0 pM tissue factor (TF) to MP-free plasma (MPFP) prepared by
ultra-centrifugation (100 000 g, 1 h). The study was approved by the
research ethics committee and all subjects gave informed written consent.
Results: At baseline we observed an association between levels of EVs
and the risk of VTE (1standard deviation increase of respectively total
EV count [odds ratio 0.9, 95% confidence interval 0.51.6], <100 nm
[OR1.2, 95%CI 0.624], 100199 nm [OR1.4, 95%CI 0.63.1], 200
299 nm [OR1.5, 95%CI 0.54.4], 3001000 nm [OR1.7, 95%CI0.4
6.4]). Purified EVs from VTE patients induced shorter lag-time than
EVs from healthy controls (3.4 1.9vs. 4.1 2.2 min, P < 0.01)
(mean1SD), whereas the endogenous thrombin was similar for VTE
patients (2140 185 nM*min) and controls (1980 147 nM*min,
P = 0.18).
Conclusion: Our findings imply that VTE patients have higher plasma
concentrations of large EVs with augmented ability to initiate coagulation activation compared to healthy controls. Risk of VTE was 1.7fold increased for 1 SD increase in EVs of 3001000 nm of size.
PO339-MON
Influence of CALR and JAK2 mutations on
procoagulant potential of platelet-derived
microparticles in essential thrombocythemia (ET)
Marchetti M1, Gamba S1, Vignoli A1, Russo L1, Tartari C1,
Finazzi G2 and Falanga A1
1
Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine; 2Hematology,
Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
Background: ET is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by
high thrombotic risk and JAK2V617F and CALR mutations. In
plasma of ET patients, we recently found increased levels of circulating
microparticles (MP) and MP-associated procoagulant activity (PCA).
Aims: To evaluate: 1. whether the elevated plasma MP-associated
PCA is due to an increased production of platelet-MP (PMP) and/or
an increased procoagulant potential of PMP; and 2. whether these
properties are influenced by CALR or JAK2V617F mutations.
ABSTRACTS
Methods: We studied 25 ET and 20 control subjects (CTR). Flow
cytometry (Accuri C6, BD) was used to quantify MP in plasma and
MP released in vitro by platelets. PMP thrombin generation (TG)
potential was measured by calibrated automated thrombography
(Stago), and PMP dependent PCA by P-PPL/1 assay (Stago).
Results: The in vivo study showed that plasma PMP concentration was
significantly (P < 0.05) higher in ET patients compared to CTR; however, when PMP counts were expressed as a percentage of the platelet
count, the PMP/platelet ratio was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in ET
versus CTR. No statistically significant differences were observed
between CALR-pos and CALR-neg/JAK2-neg and JAK2-pos
patients. The in vitro study, in unstimulated platelets, showed that ET
platelets released a significantly lower number of PMP compared to
CTR. Analysis according to mutations showed among JAK2-neg
patients no significant differences between CALR-pos and CARL-neg
subjects, while JAK2-pos patients released in vitro more PMP compared to CALR-pos subjects. ET-PMP expressed lower TG and PCA
potential compared to CTR (P < 0.05). Of interest, PMP from JAK2pos patients had the highest procoagulant potential.
Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that the observed higher PCA of
MP in vivo is mainly due to the presence of elevated MP count in
plasma and not to an increased MP intrinsic procoagulant activity.
Furthermore, the difference in the type of genetic mutation influences
the release of PMP and their procoagulant potential.
PO340-MON
TF- and UPA-bearing microparticles modulate fibrin
nanostructure
Contant G1, Mathieu O1, Cointe S2, Bouriche T3, Bez J3, Dassi C4,
Polack B4, Caton F5, Lacroix R2 and Poncelet P3
1
Prospective Research, Diagnostica Stago, Gennevilliers;
2
Hematology and Vascular Biology Department, CHU La
Conception, APHM; 3Research & Technology, Biocytex,
Marseille; 4Laboratoire TIMC-IMAG/TheREx, CNRS, UMR5525,
ed
es, CNRS,
Universite Grenoble-Alpes; 5Rheologie et Proc
UMR5520, Universite Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
Background: Hemostasis reactions require membrane surfaces provided by activated cells and cell-derived microparticles (MPs). MPs
can vehiculate either pro-coagulant via PS +/- tissue factor (TF) or
pro-fibrinolytic potential via the urokinase (uPA-uPAr) complex or
both on the same MP subsets (1). These functions can be measured on
MPs, but their impact on fibrin structure is still unclear.
Aims: We investigated how the different MPs modulate fibrin structure
formation, stability and lysis using our recent real-time measurement
of fibrin nanostructure (2).
Methods: In vitro models were used to generate MPs: TF-MPs from
LPS-activated blood, plasmin-generating MPs from a whole blood
aging model, PS+ platelet-derived MPs (PMP) from ionophore-activated platelets and cancer-derived MPs with both functions from culture supernatants of two cancer cell lines. MPs were characterized by
Flow Cytometry and in house FXa- or Plasmin-generation assays on
extracted MPs. MP-free plasma (MPFP) was spiked with dilutions of
MPs bringing various levels of PS, TF- and/or uPA- activities, incubated with low TF plus t-PA and triggered by calcium. The number of
protofibrils (Np) was measured in real time during 30 min at 37 C on
a prototype routine instrument (2, 3).
Results: TF-MPs increased fibrin formation rate. Both TF-MPs and
PMP increased fibrin stability and plateau duration, whereas uPAMPs increased clot lysis rate. Tumor-MPs showed both antagonistic
effects depending on TF and/or uPA activities, with procoagulant
effect and Np decrease and/or accelerated lysis. PMP, TF- and uPAMPs modulate fibrin nanostructure.
385
Conclusion: These experiments suggest that a disruption of the balance

between coagulation and fibrinolysis by the PMP, TF- and uPA-MPs may
contribute to enhance hemorrhagic or thrombotic risk. MP lytic activity
on fibrin clots could be a potential new determinant of thrombotic risk,
mainly in cancer. (1) Lacroix et al. JTH 2013 (2) Dassi et al. ISTH 2015
(submitted), (3) Yeromonahos et al. Biophysical J. 2010, ATVB 2012
PO341-MON
Modulating thrombotic diathesis in hereditary
thrombophilia: a role for circulating microparticles?
Campello E1, Spiezia L1, Radu C1, Bulato C1, Gavasso S1,
Tormene D1, Woodhams B2 and Simioni P1
1
2
Background: Hereditary thrombophilia increases the risk of venous
thromboembolism (VTE) through the impairment of natural anticoagulant pathways or the potentiation of procoagulants. Even in severe
thrombophilia additional triggering factors are required to cause VTE.
Aims: To study source and procoagulant activity of microparticles
(MP) in carriers of mild (factor V Leiden (FVL) and prothrombin gene
mutation (PTM)) and severe (antithrombin (AT), protein C (PC) and
protein S (PS) deficiency) hereditary thrombophilia.
Methods: Plasma level of annexin V-MP (AMP), endothelial- (EMP),
platelet-derived (PMP), tissue factor-bearing (TF+) and MP procoagulant activity (PPL) was measured in 142 carriers of FVL, 124 of PTM
and in 132 carriers of natural anticoagulant deficiencies (NAD) (25
AT, 63 PC and 64 PS defect). Age and gender-matched healthy individuals acted as controls.
Results: Each group of thrombophilic carriers showed higher median levels of AMP, EMP, PMP, TF+ and PPL activity than controls
(P < 0.001, <0.001, <0.01, 0.025 and 0.03, respectively). In the FVL and
PTM group, homozygous subjects presented with higher MP levels than
heterozygous subjects. Carriers of FVL with high levels of AMP and
TF+ had an adjusted OR for VTE of 3.08 (95% CI, 1.42 - 6.69) and 2.28
(95% CI, 1.07 - 4.85), respectively. Carriers of PTM had an adjusted OR
for VTE of 1.95 (95% CI, 1.0 - 4.33) for high AMP and 5.72 (95% CI,
1.96 - 6.67) for PMP. NAD carriers with high levels of AMP, EMP and
PMP had an adjusted VTE OR of 3.36 (95% CI, 1.59 - 7.11), 9.26 (95%
CI, 3.5524.1) and 2.72 (95%CI, 1.166.38) respectively.
Conclusion: In both mild and severs thrombophilia circulating MP
appear to contribute to VTE development. MP may be acting as the
triggering factors to enhance the global prothrombotic state. The
actual triggering MP type may vary according to thrombophilia - highest OR for VTE were: TF+ in FVL, PMP in PTM and EMP in the
NAD. Further studies are needed to better define this association and
its clinical relevance.
declared, C. Radu: None declared, C. Bulato: None declared, S. Gavasso: None declared, D. Tormene: None declared, B. Woodhams
Shareholder of: Haemacon Ltd, P. Simioni: None declared.
PO342-MON
Circulating extracellular vesicle (EV) after acute
hindlimb ischemia
ing A2, Orbe J1, Nieuwland R2,
Gomez-Rodriguez V1, Bo
3
1
Paramo J and Roncal C
1
Cardiovascular Sciences, Cima, Pamplona, Spain; 2Department
of Clinical Chemistry, Academic Medical Centre of the University
of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; 3Hematology Service,
Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
Background: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play important roles in cardiovascular disease. Regarding vascular ischemia, there is increasing
386
ABSTRACTS
evidence of direct involvement of EV in a variety of processes such as

inflammation and neovascularization. Therefore, the analysis of EV is
thought to provide novel information regarding the underlying cellular
mechanisms of ischemia.
Aims: To determine changes in the numbers and cellular origin of EVs
after hindlimb ischemia in WT mice.
Methods: Platelet poor plasma was obtained at baseline and 3, 15 and
28 days after hindlimb ischemia. The cellular origin of platelet-, (activated) endothelial- and neutrophil-derived EVs was measured with
Apogee A50-Micro flow cytometer using antibodies against mouse
CD41, CD62E, Ly6G, respectively. Comparisons between groups were
performed with one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnetts multiple
comparisons test.
Results: Platelet EVs tend to increase after ischemia (from
1.9 9 1071.7 9 106 vesicles/mL at baseline to 6.6 9 1071.9 9 107
vesicles/mL at day 28, P for trend <0.01). Endothelial EVs were lower
3 and 28 days post-ischemia compared to baseline (P < 0.05), and significantly increased at day 15 (4.1 9 1072.3 9 106 vesicles/mL at
baseline vs. 5.8 9 1075.5 9 106 vesicles mL-1 at day 15, P < 0.05).
Neutrophil EVs were below the detection limit in all samples.
Conclusion: Lower limb ischemia induces clear changes in the concentrations of EVs from different cell types during the regeneration process. We hypothesize that the analysis of these vesicles may be useful
to obtain information regarding the cellular activation state during
muscle regeneration in an animal model of hindlimb ischemia.
PO343-MON
Comparison of intracardiac and venous blood levels of
microvesicles, tissue factor and procoagulant
phospholipids in patients with and without atrial
fibrillation
Mrk M1, Pedersen S1, Rasmussen L2,3, Andreasen J3,4 and
Kristensen SR1,3
1
Clinical Biochemistry; 2Department of Cardiology, Aalborg
University Hospital; 3Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg
University; 4Department of Cardiothoradic Surgery, Aalborg
University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
Background: Stroke is a common complication of atrial fibrillation
(AF), and AF is the most common cause of stroke. Anticoagulant
therapy reduces the risk of stroke considerably, but the underlying
cause of this procoagulant state is not clear. Thrombus material is
mainly formed in the left atrial appendage (LAA), where the endothelium may be deteriorated. In recent years microvesicles (MV) containing tissue factor (TF) and procoagulant phospholipids (PPL) have
been shown to be thrombogenic, and MV may arise as a result of cell
activation or apoptosis. We hypothesized that a cause of hypercoagulation in AF may be formation of MV in the LAA.
Aims: The aim of this study was to compare the amount of MV, TF
and PPL in venous blood and blood from LAA in patients with and
without AF and, furthermore, compare the levels of these analytes in
the two patient groups.
Methods: Samples were derived from patients with or without (controls) AF undergoing surgery for ischemic heart disease (IHD) or aortic valve disease (AVD). Until now 7 AF-patients (3 chronic and 4
paroxysmal AF) and 7 matched controls have been included. Blood
was sampled from the LAA and from a central vein after thoracotomy
but before systemic heparinisation, and platelet free plasma was prepared for analysis. MV were counted by nanoparticle tracking analysis
(NTA). Procoagulant phospholipids were estimated by STA-Procoag-PPL. TF was quantitated by an ELISA kit from Sekisui Diagnostics.
Results: MV (number and mean size), PPL and TF did not differ in
blood from LAA and veins. Levels of MV and PPL in patients with
and without AF were not different, whereas TF was on average 44%

higher in AF patients compared with controls in blood from both
LAA and veins.
Conclusion: AF patients (with IHD or AVD) had a substantially
higher level of TF in blood compared with similar controls without
AF. We did not detect a difference in MV and PPL levels between the
groups and found no difference between levels in LAA and veins.

anticoagulants I
PO344-MON
Anticoagulation in patients undergoing cardioversion
Benamer S1, Chandrakumaran K2, Lusty D2 and Everington T1
1
Southern Haemophilia Network; 2Hampshire Hospitals NHS
Foundation Trust, Basingstoke, UK
Background: Direct current cardioversion (DCCV), which is considered as the most effective treatment of atrial fibrillation, is associated
with an increased risk of thromboembolism. The current recommendation is therefore to anticoagulate for 3 weeks before DCCV and
4 weeks after the procedure.
Aims: This study compares the safety &efficacy of NOACs (dabigatran) and vitamin K antagonist (warfarin) around DCCV in terms of
stroke prevention, time taken to get to DCCV and the success of cardioversion in achieving sinus rhythm.
Methods: All patients referred for elective DCCV for treatment of AF
in Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust over 12 months were
included in this study
Results: During a period of 12 months in 201314, 129 patients were
referred for DCCV for the treatment of AF. DCCV was performed in
107 patients. The majority of patients (89.7%) had low CHA2DS2VASc score between 0 and 3. Fifty four patients received dabigatran
as anticoagulation for DCCV, 42 warfarin and 11 patients received
other NOACs.The average time between the date of referral for
DCCV and the date of DCCV for patients who were on dabigatran
was 51 days whilst for warfarin this was 82 days (P = 0.001).The proportion of cancellation and re-schedulingtoa later date was 5.5% for
dabigatran but 21.4% for warfarin. The overall success of DCCV as
evaluated at 620 weeks was 57%. The success rate for dabigatran
patients was 61% whilst for warfarin patients this was 52%. The success rate for patients who received DCCV within 45 days went up to
69%. There were no reported cases of stroke and no bleeding episodes.
Conclusion: This single-centre study has shown that dabigatran is safe
and well tolerated in the context of DCCV. Use of dabigatran for anticoagulation facilitated earlier DCCV than warfarin and earlier DCCV
was associated with higher rates of successful restoration of sinus
rhythm.
ABSTRACTS
387
PO345-MON
Evaluation of dabigatran, rivaroxaban and apixaban
target-specific assays in a multicenter French study
PO346-MON
Validation studies on coagulation laboratory assays
useful for assessing the plasma levels of Apixaban
Gouin-Thibault I1, de Maistre E2, Susen S3, Freyburger G4,

e P7 and on behalf of the GEHT study
Golmard J-L5, Gruel Y6, Si
group on NOAC
1
UMRS_1140 Universit
e Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cit
e,
AP-HP, Hematology Laboratory Cochin University Hospital,
Paris; 2Hemostasis Unit, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon;
3
Hemostase et transfusion, Lille University Hospital,
^le Recherche, Universit
UMR_S1011, Faculte de M
edecine Po
e de
Lille Nord de France, Lille; 4Hematology Laboratory, Bordeaux
University Hospital, Bordeaux; 5Biostatistics, AP-HP, Piti
eSalpetriere University Hospital, Paris; 6Hematology-Hemostasis,
Trousseau University Hospital, Tours; 7Hematology Laboratory,
Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
Hoppensteadt D1, Syed D1, Goldford M2, Bisset A3,

Zuckerman L4, Jeske W5, Harenberg J6 and Fareed J1
1
Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood;
2
Enzyme Research, South Bend, USA; 3PentaPharm, Basel,
Switzerland; 4Coagulation Consultants, Des Plaines; 5Thoracic
and Cardiovascular Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center,
Maywood, USA; 6Ruprecht- Karls University Heidelberg,
Hiedleberg, Germany
Background: Dabigatran etexilate, rivaroxaban and apixaban (NOACs) are widely used in prevention and treatment of thromboembolic
diseases. Measurement of their concentration is desirable in certain
clinical situations and target-specific assays are commercially available. However, limited information exists on the performance of these
tests especially in their ability to accurately measure low and high concentrations in routine practice.
Aims: To define, in a multicenter study, the precision and accuracy of
NOAC measurements in daily practice.
Methods: Fifteen blinded plasma samples (kindly provided by Hyphen
Biomed) were spiked with 5 concentrations of dabigatran, rivaroxaban
or apixaban (targeted 0-40-100-250-500 ng mL1 and measured by
HPLC-MS/MS), and sent to 30 GEHT-laboratories. NOAC concentration, PT and aPTT were measured once in each sample using local
reagents. For each sample, interlaboratory precision was determined
by its coefficient of variation (CV) and accuracy by its bias. Correlations between PT or aPTT ratios and NOAC concentrations were also
assessed.
Results: Four hundred and sixty four NOAC measurements were performed in the 30 laboratories using 4 reagents for dabigatran and 5 for
rivaroxaban and apixaban, on 3 analysers. A modified calibration
curve for low concentrations was used in 7 labs.
Interlaboratory CVs were below 18% for concentrations
100 ng mL1, and, of 29%, 25% and 16% for concentrations
~40 ng mL1 of dabigatran, rivaroxaban and apixaban, respectively.
Biases were below 12% for all drugs and concentrations, and not
lower when using a modified calibration curve. In NOAC-free samples, concentrations were all below the lower limit of quantification
except for 1 dabigatran value (35 ng mL1. A strong correlation
between PT, aPTT ratios and NOAC concentrations was found with
the three drugs.
Conclusion: NOAC assays may allow, in daily practice, the reliable
measurement of a wide range of dabigatran, rivaroxaban and apixaban concentrations with a low interlaboratory variability.
Background: Apixaban (A)(BMS/Pfizer), is clinically developed for

DVT prophylaxis in patients undergoing hip and knee surgery, stroke
prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation. It is claimed for all new
oral anticoagulants that there is no need to routinely monitor A. However, there are clinical settings that would benefit from monitoring. At
this time a laboratory assay for A has not yet been defined.
Aims: This collaborative study was designed to provide information
on potential laboratory tests that maybe suitable for the clinical assessment of plasma levels of A.
Methods: Each day for 5 days, a standard 6 point curve in the range of
01.0 lg mL1 and samples A-E were run in duplicate using the Technoclone anti-Xa assay (TaXa) (Technoclone), Coamatic anti-Xa assay
(Chromogenix; Instrumentation Laboratory) (CaXa) and the Prothrombin time (PT) using Innovin,Siemens) .
Results: The TaXa and CaXa assays were the most accurate in determining the concentration of A in the plasma. A large standard deviation observed which was due to the variation in instrumentation
between the laboratories. The PT overestimated the A concentration
at 500 ng mL1 and under estimated at higher concentrations.
Conclusion: These studies suggest that the TaXa and CaXa may be
used to determine the concentration of A in plasma. Each method
needs to be validated on the specific coagulation instrument to be used
to assess the A concentration.
Disclosure of Interest: D. Hoppensteadt: None declared, D. Syed:
None declared, M. Goldford Employee of: Enzyme Research, A. Bisset Employee of: PentaPharm, L. Zuckerman Employee of: Coagulation Consultants, W. Jeske: None declared, J. Harenberg: None
declared, J. Fareed: None declared.
The apixaban levels as measured by various methods are shown in the
following table.
Sample
ng mL-1
Technochrom,
ng mL-1
Coamatic,
ng mL-1
Innovin PT,
ng mL-1
1000
500
250
125
30
1051.5048.2
525.132.5
239.328.8
140.424.6
25.58.9
968.2638.6
540.8540.9
267.229.7
191.1627.01
38.714.2
362.06138.5
944.09245.4
468.521.60
678.55147.8
155.1993.3
PO347-MON
How do real-world apixaban concentrations compare
to expected concentrations?
Yones H1, Patel J1,2, Chitongo P2, Byrne R2, Brown A2,
Watras M2, Lang K2, Czuprynska J2, Roberts L2, Patel R2 and
Arya R2
1
Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Kings College London;
2
Kings Thrombosis Centre, Kings College Hospital, London, UK
Background: The availability of apixaban in clinical practice, with its
predictable pharmacokinetic (PK) profile brings many practical
advantages to clinicians and patients alike. However the PK profile
388
ABSTRACTS
does not negate the fact, that anticoagulant drugs are agents with a
narrow therapeutic index and for some patients an element of monitoring will be required.
Aims: To describe real-world apixaban concentrations of patients
newly commenced or switched to apixaban therapy and compare these
concentrations to expected concentrations, as recommended by the
British Committee for Standards in Haematology (BCSH).
Methods: Patients commenced or switched to apixaban therapy for
stroke prophylaxis in the context of atrial fibrillation (Oct 2013-Oct
2014), attending the pharmacist-led anticoagulation clinic at Kings
College Hospital, had an apixaban concentration (variable times after
last dose) drawn and determined using an anti-Xa assay, 1 month into
their treatment.
Results: During the review period, 64 patients had an apixaban concentration assayed; two during the absorption phase, 27 at the peak
time point, 27 during the time between the peak and trough concentration and 8 at the trough time point. The mean peak and trough results
from our subjects varied considerably, compared to the targets published by BCSH: Peaksubjects=177 ng mL1 (SD =85) vs.
PeakBCSH=128 ng mL1; Troughsubjects=111 ng mL1 (SD =105) vs.
TroughBCSH=50 ng mL1. Furthermore, women prescribed the 5 mg
twice a day apixaban dose tended to exhibit higher than expected apixaban concentrations.
Conclusion: Variation in apixaban concentrations is widely seen in a
real-world population. Whether this variation has a significant effect
on clinical outcomes is yet to be determined. Future work should focus
on defining the thresholds for increased bleeding and thrombotic risk
in the real-world population, as is defined for vitamin K antagonist
therapy, so apixaban therapy can be optimised.
Disclosure of Interest: H. Yones: None declared, J. Patel Grant/
Research Support from: Investigator initiated grant from Bayer, P.
Chitongo: None declared, R. Byrne: None declared, A. Brown: None
declared, M. Watras: None declared, K. Lang: None declared, J. Czuprynska: None declared, L. Roberts Grant/Research Support from:
Investigator initiated grant from Covidien, Speaker Bureau of: Covidien and Bayer, R. Patel Speaker Bureau of: Bayer, R. Arya Grant/
Research Support from: Investigator initiated grant from Bayer,
Grant/Research Support from: Investigator initiated grant from Covidien, Speaker Bureau of: Bayer.
PO348-MON
The daily practice of noacs; an observational cohort
study
Cate-Hoek AT1,2, Henskens Y3, van Oerle R2,3, Wetzels R3,
Spronk H2, Schalla S4, Crijns H4 and Cate H1,2
1
Thrombosis Center Maastricht; 2Laboratory for Clinical
Thrombosis and Hemostasis; 3Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry;
4
Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical
Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
Background: The use of fixed dose Non-vitamin K dependent Oral
Anti Coagulants (NOACs) in daily practice may be associated with interindividual variation in activity levels. To minimize the risk of complications, laboratory tests for NOACs may be relevant.
Aims: To assess whether laboratory test for NOACs may inform doseresponse relationships in daily practice.
Type NOAC
Rivaroxaban
Dabigatran
Dose
20 mg od (n=39)
15 mg od (n=6)
150 mg bid (n=18)
110 mg bid (n=8)
Methods: An observational study including patients with non-valvular

Atrial Fibrillation who start on NOACs in the Maastricht University
Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands. The study was ethically
approved, and is ongoing. Patients are assessed at start of NOAC, 1,
3,6 and 12 months after start, for complications of therapy (bleeding,
TE) and adverse events. Kidney function is assessed and additional
blood is taken for assessment of recommended screening and activity
assays.
Results: So far 174 (60.1% male, 39.9% female) patients were referred.
Most patients (145; 84%) had previously used VKA of which 45.7%
had unstable INRs. Follow-up was agreed to by 102/174(58.6%)
patients. NOACs used were: dabigatran 150 mg bid (24.9%) or
110 mg bid (14.5%), rivaroxaban 20 mg od (48%),15 mg od (4.6%),
or 10 mg od (0.6%) or apixaban 5 mg bid (0.6%). During follow-up
25 (22.4/100 patient year) total bleeding episodes were recorded, and
no TE.
Conclusion: Although mean peak levels for Dabigatran as well as Rivaroxaban did not differ significantly over time, interindividual levels differed considerably. In daily practice, tailoring type and dose of NOAC
based on activity levels may reduce the risk of bleeding.
PO349-MON
Potent antithrombotic effect of a novel, smallmolecule and direct inhibitor of factor XIA in
prevention and treatment of thrombosis in rabbit
model of arterial thrombosis at doses that preserve
haemostasis
Wong P1, Quan M1, Watson C1, Crain E1, Rendina A2,
Luettgen J1, Wexler R1 and Seiffert D3
1
Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pennington; 2GSK, Philadelphia; 3Merck,
Rahway, USA
Background: BMS-724296 (trans-N-((S)-1-(4-(3-Amino-1H-indazol-6yl)-5-chloro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2-phenylethyl)-4-(aminomethyl)cyclohexanecarboxamide) is a potent, reversible and direct inhibitor of
human and rabbit factor XIa (FXIa) with 37 C Ki of 0.8, and
1.2 nM, respectively. It is >5000-fold selective over most of the human
coagulation proteases.
Aims: This study characterized the antithrombotic and bleeding time
(BT) effects of BMS-724296 in rabbits versus the direct thrombin
inhibitor melagatran.
Methods: Compounds were infused IV from 30 to 60 min before artery
injury or cuticle bleed until the end of the experiment in anesthetized
rabbit models of electrically-induced carotid artery thrombosis and
cuticle bleeding, respectively. Preservation of carotid blood flow
(CBF) was used as a marker of antithrombotic effect. To evaluate
whether BMS-724296 would be effective to inhibit the growth of a preformed thrombus, the carotid artery was injured first with electrical
stimulation. Fifteen min later, the rabbits were treated with either the
vehicle or inhibitor. Clotting times were measured by a commercial
haemostasis analyzer.
Results: Values of antithrombotic EC50 (lM) (plasma concentration
that maintained CBF at 50% of control) were 0.27 for BMS-724296
and 0.15 for melagatran. Values of cuticle BT (fold-increase over con-
<1 month
1month
3 months
6 months
12 months
192.6 (147.8)
127.2 (148.6)
102.7 (67.3)
149.0 (109.9)
215.9 (134.8)
171.4 (156.1)
98.4 (78.0)
142.5 (126.1)
156.2 (121.6)
111.9 (168.1)
137.4 (82.8)
108.3 (45.7)
183.8 (130.3)
237.6 (60.8)
127.0 (81.3)
Mean peak Levels (ng mL1) (SD) for chromogenic anti-Xa (rivaroxaban) and DTI assay (dabigatran).
ABSTRACTS
trol) determined at the 80% antithrombotic efficacy level were
1.26 0.06- for BMS-724296 and 6.7 0.03-fold for melagatran
(n = 6 per group). As expected for a FXIa inhibitor, BMS-724296
increased ex vivo activated partial thromboplastin time without changing prothrombin time and thrombin time. BMS-724296, but not the
vehicle, given 15 min after electrical stimulation, prevented the further
reduction of CBF (an index of thrombus growth) dose-dependently,
suggesting that BMS-724296 was effective in arresting the growth of
preexisting arterial thrombus.
Conclusion: These results support that FXIa inhibition represents a
promising antithrombotic target for the treatment of arterial thrombosis.
Disclosure of Interest: P. Wong Shareholder of: Bristol-Myers Squibb,
Employee of: Bristol-Myers Squibb, M. Quan Employee of: BristolMyers Squibb, C. Watson Employee of: Bristol-Myers Squibb, E.
Crain Employee of: Bristol-Myers Squibb, A. Rendina: None
declared, J. Luettgen Employee of: Bristol-Myers Squibb, R. Wexler
Employee of: Bristol-Myers Squibb, D. Seiffert: None declared.
PO350-MON
Comparing FEIBA with recombinant FVIIA for reversal
of rivaroxaban with a modified anti-Xa assay in
undiluted Plasma
Gantioqui J1, Stevic I2, Lee F3, Chan A1,4 and Chan H1,5
1
TAARI, McMaster University, Hamilton; 2Clinical Biochemistry
and Genetics, Diagnostic Services of Manitoba, University of
Manitoba, Winnipeg; 3Department of Pathology and Molecular
Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancourver;
4
Pediatrics; 5Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
Background: Novel oral anticoagulants (NOAC) have better predictable pharmacokinetic property than traditional anticoagulants.
Although specific antidotes for NOAC are being developed, these
treatment options are not yet available for clinical use. Physicians still
resort to traditional, nonspecific hemostatic agents such as Factor
Eight Inhibitor Bypass Activity (FEIBA) or recombinant activated
factor VII (rFVIIa) if patients on NOAC develop life-threatening
bleeding. Without good quality in vivo trials comparing FEIBA and
rFVIIa, we examined the in vitro reversal effects of these hemostatic
agents for rivaroxaban.
Aims: With a factor (F) Xa activity assay measuring inhibitory effect
of rivaroxaban, we compared FEIBA to rFVIIa in reversing rivaroxaban as determined by the normalization of FXa activity.
Methods: Normal pooled plasma was freshly defibrinated with ancrod
prior to use. The defibrinated plasma was incubated with
150 ng mL1 rivaroxaban and 15 mM Ca2+ at 37 C for 15 min with
or without one of the hemostatic agents being studied. The residual
activity of FXa in the undiluted plasma samples was determined using
chromogenic S2222 substrate at 405 nm in a spectrophotometer.
Results: In this undiluted plasma assay system, rivaroxaban inhibited
FXa in a non-linear manner with the maximum effects achieved at
150 ng mL1. Rivaroxaban inhibition was reversed by FEIBA in a
dose-dependent fashion. At 2 U mL1, FEIBA fully normalized
FXa inhibition by rivaroxaban. Despite the ability of tissue factor
(TF) to increase FXa activity, rFVIIa could not reverse the anticoagulant activity of rivaroxaban even with the addition of extrinsic
purified TF.
Conclusion: In this study, FEIBA is more potent than rFVIIa in
reversing the plasma FXa activity inhibited by rivaroxaban. This is
consistent with the real-world experience that was published as case
reports in the literature. It is also concordant on the results in our
previous study using a modified Hemoclot assay for dabigatran
reversal.
389
Disclosure of Interest: J. Gantioqui: None declared, I. Stevic: None

declared, F. Lee: None declared, A. Chan: None declared, H. Chan
Grant/Research Support from: Baxter Canada.
PO351-MON
Discovery of ONO-7750512, an orally bioavailable
small molecule factor XIA inhibitor: the
pharmacokinetic and pharmacological profiles
Koyama S, Ono T, Harada K, Fujioka A, Tsukamoto K,
Sakimoto S, Gohda M, Hagio T, Koda T, Matsumura N,
Yamaura Y, Hashimoto A, Tanaka M, Kondo T, Sakai M,
Tanaka K, Matsuya H, Imagawa A, Hirota Y and Kawabata K
Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
Background: Patients with severe factor XI (FXI) deficiency have a
low risk of deep vein thrombosis. In addition, FXI antisense oligonucleotide prevented venous thrombosis in human and seems to be safe
in terms of bleeding risk (N Engl J Med 2015;372:232240). Thus, FXI
is considered to be a promising drug target.
Aims: ONO-7750512 is a selective small molecule human factor XIa
(FXIa) inhibitor. The objectives of this study were to elucidate in vitro
pharmacological profile and to investigate oral bioavailability (BA)
and in vivo antithrombotic effects of ONO-7750512 in various animal
species.
Methods: To determine the oral BA, ONO-7750512 was orally or
intravenously administered to rats, and serial blood sampling was performed after dosing. The plasma ONO-7750512 concentrations were
measured by LC/MS/MS. The antithrombotic efficacy was assessed in
a rabbit model of deep vein thrombosis induced by ferric chloride and
a monkey model of arteriovenous shunt thrombosis. The hemorrhagic
effect of ONO-7750512 was assessed in a rabbit model of ear bleeding.
Results: ONO-7750512 inhibited human FXIa activity with an IC50
value of 3.8 nmol L1. The in vitro plasma assessment revealed that
ONO-7750512 doubled the activated partial thromboplastin time
(APTT) at 1.2, 0.64, and 0.85 lmol L1 in humans, monkeys, and rabbits, however; it barely prolonged prothrombin time (PT) even at
33 lmol L1 in all the species tested. The oral BA of ONO-7750512
was 22% in rats. ONO-7750512 potently inhibited thrombus formation at 4.0 mg kg1 h1 (maintenance dose) without increasing blood
loss in rabbits. ONO-7750512 significantly inhibited thrombus formation in monkeys at 0.17 mg kg1h1. The compound at
0.17 mg kg1h1 produced a plasma concentration of 754 nmol L1
and 1.9-fold APTT prolongation over control.
Conclusion: We identified ONO-7750512 as a selective human FXIa
inhibitor with a fair oral BA and potent antithrombotic efficacy without increasing bleeding risk.
PO352-MON
Monitoring novel anticoagulants dabigatran,
rivaroxaban and apixaban using the new fully
automated thrombelastography technique TEG6S
Artang R1, Galloway G2, Amiral J3 and Nielsen JD4
1
Cardiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha;
2
Clinical Chemistry, Mercy Medical Center, Sioux City, USA;
3
Hypen Biomed, Neuville sur Oise, France; 4Coagulation
Laboratory, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg,
Denmark
Background: Novel anticoagulants NOACS dabigatran DABI rivaroxaban RIVA and apixaban APIX do not require routine monitoring.
390
ABSTRACTS
There are situations where monitoring would be useful including

bleedings, trauma, and thromboembolic events while on anticoagulation.
Aims: The purpose of this in vivo study was to assess the anticoagulant
effect of NOACS with the next generation fully automated TEG6S
using resonance-frequency viscoelasticity measurements and disposable multi-channel microfluidic cartridge.
Methods: Nine healthy male volunteers were given single dose of oral
DABI 150 mg RIVA 20 mg or APIX 10 mg. Phlebotomy performed
at 0, 1 and 3 h after intake of NOAC. Reaction time R was measured
using TEG6S. Concentrations (conc.) of DABI, RIVA and APIX
was measured using chromogenic assay Biophen DTI and DiXaI.
Based on available literature on pharmacokinetics of NOACS, clinical
range for each agent was estimated. The TEG6S R value was correlated to the drug conc. and sensitivity SN specificity SP positive and
negative predictive values PPV&NPV for the set drug levels for each
agent was calculated.
Results: Using the DTI channel, R was highly correlated with DABI
conc. r = 0.94, P < 0.0001. R value of > 2.5 had 100% SN 90% SP,
80% PPV and 100% NPV for DABI conc. of >50 ng mL1.
Using the AFXa channel, R was highly correlated with RIVA conc.
r = 0.93, P < 0.0001. R value of > 3.4 had 100% SN, 91% SP, 94%
PPV, and 100% NPV for RIVA conc. of >100 ng mL1.
Using the AFXa channel, R was highly correlated with APIX conc.
r = 0.83, P < 0.0001. R value of > 2.5 had 100% SN, 92% SP, 94%
PPV and 100% NPV for APIX conc. of >50 ng mL1.
Conclusion: We have for the first time demonstrated that TEG6S has
the potential of monitoring the NOACS effect on the hemostasis with
highly significant correlation with the drug levels of each agent. This
novel technology is easy to use on small amount of whole blood without need for specialized expertise. Larger clinical studies are warranted
for correlation of TEG6S findings and clinical outcome.
Disclosure of Interest: R. Artang Speaker Bureau of: Bristol-Myer
Squibb, G. Galloway: None declared, J. Amiral: None declared, J.
Dalsgaard Nielsen: None declared.
PO353-MON
Enhancement of fibrinolysis by a factor XA inhibitor
edoxaban and combination with an inhibitor of
activated thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor
in vitro
Morishima Y, Kamisato C and Furugohri T
Tokyo, Japan
Background: Anticoagulants are expected to enhance fibrinolysis by
inhibiting the coagulation cascade and antifibrinolytic effects of
thrombin, which include thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor
(TAFI) activation.
Aims: To evaluate the effect of edoxaban, an oral direct factor Xa
(FXa) inhibitor, on clot lysis using human plasma in vitro, and the
combination effect of edoxaban and a TAFIa inhibitor, potato tuber
carboxypeptidase inhibitor (PCI) on fibrinolysis.
Methods: Pooled human plasma containing 180 ng mL1 tissue-type
plasminogen activator (t-PA) and 0.1 nM thrombomodulin were
mixed with edoxaban and/or PCI. Clot formation was induced by 2.5
pM tissue factor and 4 lM phospholipids. To monitor the clot formation and lysis, the absorbance at 405 nm was measured every 30 sec.
Clot lysis time was defined as the interval between the time of the midpoint of the clear to maximum turbidity transition and the midpoint of
the maximum turbidity to clear transition.
Results: Edoxaban at clinically relevant concentrations of 75, 150, and
300 ng mL1 significantly shortened the clot lysis time in a concentration-dependent manner. PCI (0.3, 1, and 3 lg mL1) also accelerated
the clot lysis. The combination of edoxaban and PCI significantly
reduced the clot lysis time compared with the inhibitors alone. The
combination effect was additive.
Conclusion: An oral direct FXa inhibitor, edoxaban, at clinically relevant concentrations, enhanced t-PA-induced clot lysis, suggesting that
this effect might contribute to the antithrombotic efficacy, especially in
the treatment of venous thromboembolism. Combination of edoxaban
and a TAFIa inhibitor exerted an additive effect on clot lysis, indicating that concomitant use of edoxaban and a TAFIa inhibitor might be
beneficial for the treatment of thromboembolic diseases.
Disclosure of Interest: Y. Morishima Employee of: Daiichi Sankyo
Co., Ltd., C. Kamisato Employee of: Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., T.
Furugohri Employee of: Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd.
PO354-MON
Novel oral anticoagulants: incidence and management
of major bleeding. Retrospective review at a single
center
E and Domenech P
Peris J, Salas Q, Gabilondo M, Pina E, Rossello
Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Hospital de Bellvitge, LHospitalet
Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Background: The novel oral anticoagulants (direct inhibitors of thrombin or factor Xa) do not have yet a specific antidote to reverse its effect
immediately in case of severe bleeding or emergency surgery. However
its short half life suggests that only in extreme emergencies it will be
necessary to reverse them. There is little evidence about the best way
to manage these patients.
Aims: To describe episodes of major bleeding (ISTH bleeding scale) in
patients treated with direct oral anticoagulants in our hospital between
2012 and 2014.
Methods: In our center we control about 5000 anticoagulated patients,
approximately 300 patients are taking novel oral anticoagulants. A retrospective analysis of bleeding cases in these patients has been done.
We have identified which patients have had major bleeding according
to the ISTH scale.
Results: We included 16 patients. The average age was 75 years. 15 of
them with atrial fibrillation, and 1 with recurrent deep vein thrombosis. Eleven were taking dabigatran and 5 were taking rivaroxaban. The
location of the bleeding were: 9 gastrointestinal; 4 intracranial; 1 hemoperitoneum; 1 hemopericardium and 1 hematoma post arterial
puncture. Eleven patients needed red blood cells transfusions and three
of them got fresh frozen plasma transfusion. Two patients needed surgery. Another two patients needed invasive procedures: one arterial
embolization and another one pericardiocentesis. Only in two cases
specifics agents were administered for the reversal of anticoagulant
effects. Prothrombin complex concentrated in one patient treated with
rivaroxaban, and activated prothrombin complex concentrated (Feiba) in another patient with dabigatran. All 16 episodies were favourably resolved.
Conclusion: Although nowadays we do not have specific antidotes for
novel anticoagulant drugs, all cases of major bleeding that were managed in our hospital were resolved favourably with general measures
and only two cases required the administration of procoagulant drugs.
ABSTRACTS
PO355-MON
Initiating thromboprophylaxis with rivaroxaban up to
26 h after elective knee arthroplasty does not increase
the incidence of venous thromboembolism
Mian O1, Cockhill C2, Rizzo MA3, Siegal D4, Chan H4,5 and
McDonald E5
1
Health Sciences, McMaster University; 2Thrombosis, Hamilton
Health Sciences; 3Thrombosis, St. Joseph Healthcare;
4
Medicine5TAARI, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
Background: A major complication after total knee arthroplasty
(TKA) is venous thromboembolism (VTE). Various anticoagulants
including rivaroxaban are used for postoperative thromboprophylaxis.
Despite this modern practice, some TKA patients still develop VTE in
the immediate postoperative period.
Aims: To investigate whether the time to initiate rivaroxaban prophylaxis (TTIRIV) is associated with postoperative VTE in patients after
TKA.
Methods: A retrospective case-control study was conducted in an academic hospital from Jan to Dec 2014. From the records of thrombosis
services, we first identified patients who developed their first lifetime
episode of VTE within 14 days of TKA despite rivaroxaban prophylaxis. Each index patient was matched to 6 controls with no previous
VTE, who received the same post-TKA prophylaxis, and had an
uneventful recovery. The duration between the end of surgery and the
initiation of rivaroxaban was defined as TTIRIV. Patients demographics, medical and surgical data were also extracted for further analysis.
Those receiving other thromboprophylaxis such as antiplatelet drugs,
heparin, or mechanical compression within 5 days before or after surgery were excluded. The means TTIRAV for both groups were compared using Students t-test. A P value of < 0.05 was considered
significant.
Results: Four VTE patients (1.7%) were identified from a total of 234
patients receiving rivaroxaban prophylaxis after TKA in this
12 month period. The mean TTIRIV in the case and control groups
were 27.6 5.5 h and 26.4 4.2 h, respectively (P = 0.35).
Conclusion: This study illustrates the real-world practice of rivaroxaban prophylaxis after TKA. The TTIRIV in our patients were longer
than the 68 h window period described in the RECORD trials, yet
with no increase in the incidence of post-operative VTE. More, the
TTIRIV in our patients with VTE was similar to that in controls, suggesting patients with high bleeding risk may postpone the rivaroxaban
thromboprophylaxis up to 26 h post-TKA.
PO356-MON
Evaluation of the safety and tolerability of target
specific oral anticoagulants at a large university setting
Woodhouse G1, Klem P1, Zebari R2, Hassell K3 and Trujillo T2
1
Pharmacy, University of Colorado Health; 2Pharmacy, University
of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical
Sciences; 3Hematology, University of Colorado Health, Aurora,
USA
Background: Multiple clinical trials have documented the safety and
efficacy of target specific oral anticoagulants (TSOAC) in various
patient populations.
Aims: To determine the appropriateness of prescribing patterns for
the TSOACs and document the long term safety and tolerability in a
real world setting.
Methods: A retrospective data analysis of our electronic health record
system was conducted to obtain data for patients taking rivaroxaban
(RIVA) or dabigatran (DABI) between March 2011 and July 2013.
Appropriateness of prescribing was determined from prescriptions
391
written by providers at University of Colorado Health based on FDA

approved dosing and institutional guidelines. Clinically significant
hemorrhage (major bleeding or bleeding which required medication to
be discontinued), major thrombosis (TIA/CVA or VTE), and other
adverse drug events (ADE) were collected for all patients who had
RIVA or DABI as a documented active medication during the study
period and with at least 1 month of follow up. Discontinuation of
medication was assessed for patient tolerability.
Results: During the study period a total 564 patients were evaluated
for RIVA (n = 204) or DABI (n = 360) use for atrial fibrillation or
treatment of VTE.
A total of 261 patients received new prescriptions for RIVA (n = 99)
or DABI (n = 162), of which 25 (9.6%) had inappropriate dosing. Of
these, 23/25 were due to under dosing of the individual agent. Clinical
outcomes include:
Clinically significant hemorrhage

Major Thrombosis
Other ADE
Total Discontinuation Rate
DABI (n=360)
RIVA (n=204)
4.2%
1.4%
0.5%
29.2%
6.4%
1.5%
1.0%
41.2%
Of patients who discontinued therapy, 38% in the DABI group and

25% in the RIVA group resumed a different oral anticoagulant.
Conclusion: Our real world analysis highlights the importance of the
continual need for provider education to optimize outcomes. While
the rates of ADEs, bleeding, and thrombotic events appear consistent
with reported clinical trials, the rates of drug discontinuation are
higher and merit further analysis.
PO357-MON
Evaluation of anticoagulant therapy with dabigatran
based on ecarin clotting time
Suzuki T1,2, Ieko M2, Sakuma I3, Naito S4, Yoshida M4,
Kumano O1,2 and Takahashi N2
1
Sysmex, Kobe; 2Health Sciences University of Hokkaido,
Department of Internal Medicine, Ishikari tobetsu, Hokkaido;
3
Caress Sapporo Hokko Memorial Clinic, Cardiovascular
Medicine, Sapporo; 4Health Sciences University of Hokkaido,
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ishikari tobetsu, Hokkaido,
Japan
Background: Dabigatran (Dab), a direct thrombin inhibitor, has been
approved for prevention of cerebral embolism in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). Coagulation monitoring is not
required when Dab is administered in routine clinical practice. However, treatment for prevention of major bleeding or thrombotic events
may be needed in those cases.
Aims: We examined the anticoagulant ability of Dab by measuring ecarin clotting time (ECT) and effects of anticoagulation by determining
molecular markers for thrombosis.
Methods: Sodium citrate plasma samples were obtained from 452 Japanese NVAF patients receiving Dab therapy, of whom 308 received
220 mg per day (low-dose) and 144 received 300 mg per day (regulardose). ECT was initiated by adding ecarin at a final concentration of
0.83 units mL1. To determine anticoagulation ability, thrombin inhibition ratio (TIR) was calculated using the following formula: TIR =
10 9 (patient ECT control ECT)/control ECT. Molecular markers
for thrombosis were assayed using D dimer (DD) and fibrin monomer
complex (FMC). Also, Dab concentration was determined with
diluted thrombin time (DTI).
Results: TIR showed a greater correlation with Dab concentration
determined using DTI as compared with PT and APTT. TIR values
392
ABSTRACTS
for most of the low-dose samples were similar to those for the regular-dose samples, though low values were detected in some, suggesting insufficient anticoagulant effects. Although the frequency of high
DD in the low-dose group was similar to that in the regular-dose
group, the frequency of high FMC was higher in the low-dose
group.
Conclusion: TIR can reflect anticoagulation ability in patients receiving
Dab therapy and FMC may have a greater specificity for high coagulation than DD. Most samples from patients receiving low-dose Dab
had anticoagulant effects similar to those from patients treated with
regular-dose Dab, though an insufficient anticoagulant effect was
detected in some low-dose samples.
Disclosure of Interest: T. Suzuki Employee of: Sysmex, M. Ieko Grant/
Research Support from: Sysmex and Boehringer Ingelheim, I. Sakuma: None declared, S. Naito: None declared, M. Yoshida: None
declared, O. Kumano Employee of: Sysmex, N. Takahashi: None
declared.
PO358-MON
Switch from vitamin k antagonists (vkas) to direct oral
anticoagulants (DOACS): a pratical approach
Pasca S, Venturelli U, Bertone A and Barillari G
Center for Hemorrhagic and Thrombotic Diseases, University
Hospital of Udine, Udine, Italy
Background: DOACs has been approved in several countries for the
treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) and venous thromboembolism
(VTE) and their efficacy and safety has been shown in clinical trials.
Their pharmacologic profile, which allows not routinely monitoring or
dose adjustment, leading many patients to replace VKAs with DOACs. However less data are available about this switch and more studies are needed.
Aims: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of switch from VKAs to
DOACs.
Methods: Consecutive patients (pts), >18 years, males and females, in
treatment with VKAs for AF or VTE from Sep2013 to Dec 2014 and
switched to DOACs are considered in our registry.Due to the difficulty
in checking the INR immediately before starting DOACs, such as recommended, considering pharmacologic profile of VKAs and conventional bridging therapy we have established to stop warfarin 48 h
before starting DOACs and acenocumarol 24 h before. Follow-up
(FU) was scheduled after 3, 6 and 12 months.
Results: Three hunderd and thirty one consecutive pts (54% M), mean
age 68 year (range 2192) were included in our study. One hundred
and thirty nine pts (54.7% M), mean age 75 year (range 5791)
switched to DOACs were previous treated with VKAs for AF, while
192 pts (53.6% M), mean age 62 year (range 2192) were treated for
VTE. Mean time in DOACs after switch was 6.4 months (range 116),
less for VTE pts, 5.5 months, than AF pts, 7.3 months. During first
three months of FU we have reported three bleedings (2 minor and 1
clinically relevant non-major bleeding), no thomboembolic events.
During following 9 months of FU no bleedings have been reported by
our patients, only one myocardial infarction occurred in a patient in
treatment for previous VTE and acute coronary syndrome. Two
patients died, but the deaths were not related to anticoagulation treatment.
Conclusion: Usually only few pts tested the INR before to start DOACs, but if the VKAs intake is stopped 24/48 h before switch, rare
adverse events occurred in the patients.
PO359-MON
Warfarin and major adverse cardiovascular events in
the Real World of patients with atrial fibrillation
Pignatelli P1, Pastori D1, Lip G2 and Violi F1
1
Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; 2University of
Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
Background: Time in therapeutic range (TTR) is commonly used to
assess quality of anticoagulation. TTR inversely correlates with ischemic stroke and bleeding. Few data on the relationship between TTR
and myocardial infarction (MI) are available.
Aims: Our aim was to investigate the association between TTR and
MI/cardiovascular death in a cohort of atrial fibrillation (AF) patients
treated with vitamin K antagonists (VKAs).
Methods: We calculated TTR for 642 patients with non-valvular AF
patients treated with VKAs, who were followed for a median of
28.8 months (1788.6 patients-year). The primary outcome of the study
was a combined endpoint of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events
(MACE) including fatal/nonfatal MI, cardiac revascularization, and
cardiovascular death. Mean age was 73.3 (8.2) years, and 39.9%
were female.
Results: During follow-up, we recorded 70 events: 18 (1.0% per
year) stroke/TIA and 52 MACE: the latter included 30 MI/cardiac
revascularization (1.7% per year) and 22 cardiovascular deaths
(1.2%/year). The cohort was categorized according to tertiles of
TTR values: TTR 1758%, TTR 5974%, and TTR 75100%.
There was a significant increased rate of MACE across tertiles of
TTR (Log-Rank test: P < 0.001). On Cox proportion hazard analysis, the 2nd tertile of TTR vs. 1st (P = 0.024, hazard ratio [HR]
0.472, confidence interval [CI] 95% 0.2460.906), 3rd tertile of TTR
vs. 1st (P = 0.004, HR 0.313, CI 95% 0.1430.689) independently
predicted MACE.
Conclusion: TTR was an independent predictor of MACE in our
cohort of AF patients. The incidence of MACE exceeded that of
stroke, and remained elevated even in the highest tertile of TTR.
PO360-MON
Global anticoagulant screening using a dilute RVV
reagent
Cao Z1, Bottenus R1 and Triscott M2
1
R&D, Instrumentation Laboratory, Orangeburg, New York;
2
R&D, Instrumentation Laboratory, Bedford, Massachusetts, USA
Background: The therapeutic arsenal of anticoagulants available to clinicians has increased significantly due to the worldwide approval of
direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) like dabigatran (Pradaxa), rivaroxaban (Xarelto), apixaban (Eliquis) and edoxaban (Savaysa).
Though DOACs do not require regular monitoring, their assessment
in certain situations is useful.
Aims: This study is to provide a global anticoagulant screening method
to assess the presence of anticoagulants without running specific anticoagulant assays.
Methods: The Global Anticoagulant Screening reagent is a lyophilized
dilute RVV formulation with a high concentration of lipid. The automated Global Anticoagulant Screening assay tests anticoagulant-containing citrated plasma samples on the Instrumentation Laboratorys
ACL TOP Family analyzers, quality controlled by two lyophilized
plasmas (one without any anticoagulant and another with a low level
of DOAC). The assay sensitivity was evaluated by testing normal
pooled plasma (NPP) spiked with different levels of antithrombindependent anticoagulants (UFH, LMWH and Arixtra) and DOACs
(dabigatran, rivaroxaban and apixaban). Furthermore, DOAC samples (50 ng/mL1, n = 20 for each group) were evaluated against the
assay baseline established from 60 normal samples.
ABSTRACTS
393
Results: The clotting time for anticoagulant spiked NPP increased by

173% (0.5 IU mL1 UFH), 28% (0.5 IU mL1 LMWH), 20%
(0.5 lg mL1 Arixtra), 106% (50 ng mL1 dabigatran), 56%
(50 ng mL1 rivaroxaban) and 21% (50 ng mL1 apixaban), respectively, versus a baseline of 45 sec for NPP. For each group of DOAC
samples at 50 ng mL1, 60% (apixaban), 90% (rivaroxaban) and
100% (dabigatran) samples were above the threshold of baseline mean
+ 3SD. When baseline mean + 2SD is used as the cutoff, the positive
percentage is increased to 75% (apixaban) and 95% (rivaroxaban).
Conclusion: The Global Anticoagulant Screening assay provides a useful research tool for the screening of anticoagulants in human citrated
plasma samples.
PO362-MON
Bleeding and thromboembolic outcomes in warfarinand dabigatran-treated patients in the RE-LY trial who
required an urgent surgery or procedure
PO361-MON
A chromogenic factor XA inhibitor assay for
quantifying rivaroxaban levels: optimization and
validation on the ACL TOP 700
Background: There is concern about the management of anticoagulated patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) who require an urgent surgery/
procedure, especially in those receiving a novel oral anticoagulant such
as dabigatran etexilate (DE).
Aims: To determine rates of major bleeding (MB) and thromboembolism (TE) in patients who had an elective or urgent surgery/procedure
and, separately, in patients receiving warfarin or DE, using data from
RE-LY.
Methods: We assessed AF patients with a 1st treatment interruption
for an urgent or elective surgery/procedure. Patients were analyzed
according to type of procedure (urgent vs. elective) and by treatment
(warfarin vs. DE 110 mg/150 mg). For the perioperative period
(Day 7 to Day 30, relative to surgery), rates of MB, and TE (stroke,
systemic embolism, MI, vascular death, and pulmonary embolism)
were determined. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess
the effect of surgery/procedure type, and the effect of treatment, on
MB+TE, after adjusting for key covariates. RE-LY was approved by
medical ethics committees, and written informed consent was
obtained.
Results: Three hundred and fifty three and 4168 patients, respectively,
had an urgent or elective surgery/procedure as defined above. Rates of
MB, TE, and MB+TE were higher in patients having urgent than elective surgery/procedures, and were not significantly different in warfarin- and DE-groups. For all patients having a surgery/procedure,
predictors of combined MB+TE were: urgent surgery/procedure (odds
ratio [OR] = 7.49; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.6110.01); heparin
bridging (OR = 2.84; CI: 2.173.72); creatinine clearance
<50 mL min1 (OR = 1.71; CI: 1.252.34); and age 75 years (OR =
1.35; CI: 1.021.78).
Conclusion: Anticoagulated patients who require an urgent surgery/
procedure have a substantially higher risk for MB and/or TE than
if the surgery/procedure is elective. The risk for perioperative bleeding and/or TE did not differ depending on treatment with warfarin
or DE.
Disclosure of Interest: J. Douketis Consultant for: Bristol-MyersSquibb, Pfizer, Boehringer Ingelheim, AGEN Biomedical, OrthoJanssen, Bayer, Astra Zeneca, Sanofi, J. Healey: None declared, M.
Brueckmann Employee of: Boehringer-Ingelheim GmbH & Co.
KG, M. Fraessdorf Employee of: Boehringer-Ingelheim GmbH &
Co. KG, A. Spyropoulos Grant/Research Support from: Bayer, Astellas, Portola, Consultant for: Boehringer Ingelheim, Bayer, Johnson & Johnson, BMS, Pfizer, L. Wallentin Grant/Research Support
from: Boehringer Ingelheim, Astra Zeneca,, J. Oldgren Grant/
Research Support from: Boehringer Ingelheim, Consultant for: Boehringer Ingelheim, Speaker Bureau of: Boehringer Ingelheim, Bayer, Merck, P. Reilly Employee of: Boehringer-Ingelheim Pharma
Inc, M. Ezekowitz Consultant for: Boehringer Ingelheim, ARYx
Therapeutics, Pfizer, Sanofi, Bristol Myers Squibb, Portola, Diachi
Sanko, Medtronics, Merck, Johnson & Johnson, Gilead, Janssen
Scientific Affairs. Astra Zeneca, Eisai, Pozen Inc, Speaker Bureau
of: Boehringer Ingelheim, S. Connolly Grant/Research Support
from: Boehringer Ingelheim, Sanofi-Aventis, Portola, Bristol-Myers
Jacobi PM, Covill S, Friedman KD and Haberichter SL

BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA
Background: Rivaroxaban is an oral, specific, direct Factor Xa (FXa)
inhibitor that inhibits free, prothrombinase-bound, and clot-associated
FXa in a concentration-dependent manner, preventing thrombin generation.
Aims: To optimize and validate an automated chromogenic assay for
quantifying rivaroxaban levels in human plasma.
Methods: Excess FXa is added to a rivaroxaban-containing plasma
sample; residual FXa hydrolyzes a chromogenic substrate and released
pNA is measured photometrically at 405 nm using the DiXaI kit
(Hyphen Biomed) on the ACL TOP 700 autoanalyzer.
Results: The calibration curve consisted of 7 points using purchased
rivaroxaban calibrators (Hyphen BioMed). For all runs, an r2 > 0.995
was observed. To evaluate accuracy, 2 plasma samples containing rivaroxaban were compared to the value assigned by ECAT proficiency.
Intra- and inter-assay precision was determined by analyzing 3 samples of various concentrations over multiple assay runs spanning multiple days. Accuracy, intra- and inter-assay precision met acceptance
criteria (15% from assigned value for samples 100 ng mL1 or
within 15 ng mL1 of assigned values for all other samples). Assay
results were not affected by unfractionated heparin up to 1U mL1,
but were affected by LMW heparin at 2U mL1. Serum and EDTAplasma resulted in >10% difference from the citrated plasma, indicating assay interference. Analytical sensitivity and stability were established. The limit of quantitation (LoQ) was determined to be
42 ng mL1 and samples refrozen up to 2 times were acceptable. The
reportable range was determined to be 42400 ng mL1 based on the
calibration curve and LoQ.
Conclusion: We have optimized and validated an accurate, precise, sensitive, and robust chromogenic assay on the ACL TOP 700 for the
determination of rivaroxaban concentration in human plasma. This
assay may prove useful in certain clinical circumstances (urgent surgery, severe bleeding, or thrombosis despite treatment) for the assessment of anticoagulation status.
Douketis J1, Healey JS1, Brueckmann M2, Fraessdorf M2,

Spyropoulos A3, Wallentin L4, Oldgren J4, Reilly P5, Ezekowitz M6,
Connolly S7 and Yusuf S7
1
McMaster Univ, Hamilton, Canada; 2Boehringer-Ingelheim
GmbH & Co. KG, Ingelheim am Rhein, Germany; 3Univ. of
Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA; 4Uppsala Clinical Research
Center and Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University,
Uppsala, Sweden; 5Boehringer-Ingelheim Pharma Inc.,
Ridgefield, CT; 6Jefferson Medical College, Wynnewood, PA,
USA; 7McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
394
ABSTRACTS
Squibb, Consultant for: Boehringer Ingelheim, Sanofi-Aventis, Portola, Merck, Speaker Bureau of: Boehringer Ingelheim, Sanofi-Aventis, Portola, S. Yusuf Grant/Research Support from: Boehringer
Ingelheim, Consultant for: Boehringer Ingelheim, Astra Zeneca, Sanofi-Aventis, Bristol-Myers Squibb.
PO363-MON
From laboratory to clinical practice: dabigatran effects
on thrombin generation and coagulation in patient
samples
nquist-Nii Y3, Lassila R4
Helin T1, Lemponen M1, Hjemdahl P2, Ro
1
and Joutsi-Korhonen L
1
Coagulation Disorders Unit, Clinical Chemistry, Huslab, Helsinki
University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; 2Clinical
Pharmacology Unit, Department of Medicine; 3Clinical
Pharmacology Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm,
Sweden4Coagulation Disorders Unit, Hematology and Cancer
Center and Clinical Chemistry, Helsinki University Central
Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
Background: Dabigatran (Dabi) is not routinely monitored. However,
in emergency cases quantitative assessment is required and laboratories must provide suitable tests at all hours. Little is known about Dabi
effects on thrombin generation (TG).
Aims: We aimed to assess Dabi effects on TG and on a large panel of
routine and specific clotting assays.
Methods: Patient samples (n = 241) were analyzed for functional Dabi
concentrations (Dabi-TT) using a combination of the Hemoclot
Thrombin Inhibitors assay (HTI) and, for samples with low Dabi levels, undiluted thrombin time (TT). Results were compared with prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time
(APTT). In 49 samples Dabi effects were further investigated with Calibrated Automated Thrombogram (CAT) for TG and with Russells
viper venom time (RVVT), prothrombinase-induced clotting time
(PiCT), chromogenic Anti-IIa and ecarin clotting assay (ECA).
Fibrinogen and D-dimer were assessed to reflect the overall coagulation status of the patient. A subset of these samples (n = 21) were also
analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LCMS/MS).
Results: Dabi-TT correlated with RVVT (R2 = 0.49), PiCT
(R2 = 0.73), ECA (R2 = 0.89), Anti-IIa (R2 =0.90) and LC-MS/MS
(R2 =0.81). APTT correlated curvi-linearly with Dabi-TT (R2 =0.71),
but was normal in many cases (18/70) despite Dabi-TT > 40 ng/mL.
There was no association between Dabi-TT and fibrinogen or D dimer
levels. Increasing Dabi concentrations prolonged lag time (R2 =0.54)
and, surprisingly, augmented the ETP and Peak of CAT (P < 0.001).
Conclusion: Thrombin-specific tests measure Dabi accurately, whereas
coagulation time based assays depend more on other factors. The
enhanced thrombin generation in Dabi-treated patients may predict
clinically relevant hypercoagulability and warrants further investigation.
Disclosure of Interest: T. Helin: None declared, M. Lemponen: None
declared, P. Hjemdahl: None declared, Y. R
onquist-Nii: None
declared, R. Lassila Consultant for: Advisory Board Member: Bayer,
Boehringer Ingelheim, Pfizer, Novo Nordisk, Leo Pharma, L. JoutsiKorhonen Consultant for: Advisory Board Member: Novo Nordisk.
Consultant in EQA rounds: Labquality.
PO364-MON
The addition of idarucizumab to plasma samples
containing dabigatran allows the use of routine
coagulation assays for the diagnosis of hemostasis
disorders
Jacquemin M1, Toelen J2, Schoeters J2, Peetermans M1,
Peerlinck K1, van Ryn J3 and Verhamme P1
1
CMVB; 2Laboratorium Geneeskunde, University of Leuven,
Leuven, Belgium; 3CardioMetabolic Disease Research,
Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH, Biberach, Germany
Background: The presence of dabigatran in patients samples impacts
most coagulation assays and can therefore interfere with the confirmation of a lupus anticoagulant or with the diagnosis of hemostasis disorders developing after the initiation of the anticoagulant treatment,
such as vitamin K deficiency or acquired haemophilia. Idarucizumab
is a humanized antibody fragment that binds and neutralizes the anticoagulant effect of dabigatran; however it is not known if addition of
idarucizumab in vitro to human plasma containing dabigatran can
reverse the effects of dabigatran on these assays.
Aims: The objective of this study was to determine whether idarucizumab added in vitro to plasma samples spiked with dabigatran
fully neutralises the interference of dabigatran in these diagnostic
coagulation assays.
Methods: In preliminary experiments, we identified the coagulation
assays sensitive to dabigatran. These assays were then carried out with
normal and abnormal plasma samples spiked with 500 ng mL1 dabigatran, with or without a 3-fold molar excess of idarucizumab.
Results: The intrinsic and extrinsic factors levels were decreased by
70% and 30%, respectively, in the presence of dabigatran. These measurements were fully normalised after the addition of idarucizumab.
The screen and confirm tests used for the detection of lupus anticoagulant were prolonged by dabigatran, to such an extent that the results
obtained with some spiked samples falsely suggested the presence a
lupus anticoagulant. Conversely, the addition of dabigatran misleadingly corrected an abnormal APC-resistance ratio. The addition of Idarucizumab also allowed the correct identification of normal and
abnormal samples with both these assays.
Conclusion: The in vitro addition of idarucizumab to plasma samples
containing dabigatran authorizes the use of routine coagulation assays
by fully neutralizing dabigatran, thereby allowing the diagnosis of hemostasis disorders that are concurrently present in patients taking dabigatran.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Jacquemin: None declared, J. Toelen: None
declared, J. Schoeters: None declared, M. Peetermans: None declared,
K. Peerlinck: None declared, J. van Ryn Employee of: Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH, P. Verhamme: None declared.
PO365-MON
Impact of dabigatran, rivaroxaban and apixaban
treatment on hemostasis point-of-care testing in
patients with atrial fibrillation
Paniccia R1, Marcucci R1, Priora R2, Poli D2, Ahmed Y1,
Fanciullacci C1, Liotta AA2 and Abbate R1
1
Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Of Florence;
2
Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy
Background: The rapid monitoring of new direct oral anticoagulants
(DOA) -dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban- might be required in specific conditions to prevent the risk of bleeding or thrombosis. As clinical application of DOAs is growing, it might be noteworthy to know
their influence on the hemostasis Point-of-Care Testing (POCT).
Aims: This study was aimed for assessing DOA effect on platelet and
clotting POCT parameters in atrial fibrillation patients (pts).
ABSTRACTS
Methods: Citrated whole blood was taken just before (TTrough) and
3 h after the drug administration (Tmax). Blood sampling was
obtained at TTrough from 110 (dabigatran), 57 (rivaroxaban) and 30
(apixaban) pts and at Tmax, from 62, 18 and 18 pts, respectively.
ACT, aPTT and PT by the portable coagulometer Hemochron/Elite
(ITC, USA); thromboelastometry by ROTEM system (TEM Int, Germany) and platelet CEPI and CADP Closure times (CT) by Innovance-PFA-200 system (Siemens,Germany) were performed.
Dabigatran and rivaroxaban plasma levels were measured with Hemoclot Thrombin-Inhibitors and Biophen DXaI assays (Hyphen Biomed,
France) on ACL TOP700 system (Instrumentation Laboratory, Italy).
Results: At TTrough, patients with normal clotting times were: ACT,
2/110 (dabigatran), 9/57 (rivaroxaban) 7/30 (apixaban); aPTT, 0/110
(dabigatran), 5/57 (rivaroxaban), 5/30 (apixaban); PT was prolonged
for all. At Tmax, all tests were significantly prolonged (P < 0.001)
except for 3/18 (ACT) and 5/18 (aPTT) patients on apixaban.
Dynamic parameters of ROTEM tests (EXTEM and INTEM, ex- intrinsic pathways; ECATEM, ecarin test) were significantly prolonged
(P < 0.001); no change was observed in CTs. Significant correlations
were found between drug levels and clotting parameters (at least,
P = 0.01).
Conclusion: DOAs exhibit distinct effects on clotting and platelet
POCT. Use of POCT might provide information in emergency clinical
setting to evaluate the impact of these drugs on clotting system, when
rapid medical decision should be taken.
PO366-MON
Anticoagulant effect of dabigatran, rivaroxaban and
apixaban treatment on different laboratory hemostasis
tests in patients with atrial fibrillation
Paniccia R1, Marcucci R1, Priora R2, Poli D2, Lembo G1,
Fanciullacci C1, Grifoni E1, Pazzi M1, Liotta AA2 and Abbate R1
1
Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Of Florence;
2
Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy
Background: The clinical use of new direct oral anticoagulants (DOA)
- dabigatran, rivaroxaban and apixaban - is importantly expanding
and dosing their effect may be required in specific situations.
Aims: Aim of the study was to determine the influence of DOA treatment on different hemostasis tests in patients (pts) with atrial fibrillation. Citrated blood was taken just before (TTrough) and 3 h after the
drug administration a (Tmax).
Methods: Blood sampling was obtained at TTrough from 110 pts for
dabigatran, 57 pts for rivaroxaban and 30 pts for apixaban; and at
Tmax, from 62, 18 and 18 pts, respectively. Dabigatran and rivaroxaban plasma levels - measured with Hemoclot Thrombin-Inhibitors
and Biophen DXaI assays (Hyphen Biomed,France), respectively PT, aPTT, Protein C (PC), Protein S (PS) and aPCR, were assessed on
ACL TOP700 system (Instrumentation Laboratory, Italy); whereas
Diluted Thrombin Time (dTT) was evaluated on BCS platform (Siemens, USA). Light Transmission platelet Aggregometry (LTA) was
performed by using APACT4004 aggregometer (LabiTec, Germany).
Results: At TTrough PT, and aPTT were significantly prolonged (at
least, P < 0.01) and, similarly, at Tmax, showed a further prolongation: dabigatran, +23%, +26%, respectively [+42% for dTT]; rivaroxaban, +43% and +21% respectively; apixaban:, +14% and +6%
respectively; for all, P < 0.00). No change was observed for the other
clotting tests and LTA. At Tmax, dabigatran and rivaroxaban plasma
levels were significantly increased (+122% and +116%, respectively;
P < 0.000). Significant relationships between drug plasma concentration and PT and aPTT and dTT values were observed (at least,
P = 0.01).
Conclusion: The anticoagulant effect of dabigatran, rivaroxaban and
apixaban influences only clotting tests (PT, aPTT and dTT), whereas
395
the inhibitory system and platelet function were not affected. The
interpretation of the laboratory test might be translate into clinical
decisions with efficacy and safety.
PO367-MON
A novel prothrombin time (PT) method to measure all
non-vitamin K dependent oral anticoagulants (NOACS)
Lindahl TL1, Wallstedt M1, Danielsson-R
anby M2, Arbring K3 and
2
R
anby M
1
ping University,
Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linko
ping; 2Zafena, Borensberg; 3Acute and Internal Medicine,
Linko
tland and Linko

ping,
Region of Osterg
o
Sweden
Background: There is a clinical need for point-of-care (POC) methods
for the novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs).
Aims: For this purpose, we modified a routine POC procedure; Zafenas Simple SimonTMPT-INR, a room temperature, wet-chemistry PT
of the Owren-type (i.e. a combined thromboplastin which allows
extensive dilution of sample).
Methods: To either increase or decrease NOAC-interference, two
assay-variants were devised by replacing the standard 10 lL end-toend capillary used to add sample to 200 lL of PT-reagent by either a
20 lL or a 5 lL such capillary. Both assay-variants were calibrated to
show correct INR-results in plasmas devoid of NOACs from healthy
and warfarin treated persons.
Results: For plasmas spiked with NOACs, the 20 lL-variant showed
markedly higher INR-results than the 5 lL, the effects were more pronounced at room temperature than at +37 C. Additional experiments
were with plasmas from patients treated with dabigatran, apixaban or
rivaroxaban (n = 30 for each). INR-values of these plasmas were compared to NOAC-concentrations determined by established methods.
For all NOACs, a strong correlation was found between NOAC-levels
and the INR-response of the 20 lL-variant, linear correlation coefficient (r) averaged 0.90, the INR-range was 1.1 to 2.1 for dabigatran
and apixaban, and 1.1 to 5.0 for rivaroxaban. Correlations were weak
and ranges narrow for the 5 lL-variant. In general, the INR-ratio
between the 20 and 5 lL variants made the NOAC-assay more robust,
eliminating confounding warfarin-effects and improving correlations
to established NOAC-methods, all without sensitivity loss. Detection
limits remained at 80 lg L1 for apixaban and dabigatran, and at
40 lg L1 for rivaroxaban. The imprecision of the method was clinically acceptable for all NOACs at therapeutic levels. For rivaroxaban
the CV was 5.6% at 240 lg L1.
Conclusion: In conclusion an established wet-chemistry POC PT-INR
procedure was modified to measure the concentrations of all three
NOACs currently in clinical use.
Disclosure of Interest: T. Lindahl Grant/Research Support from: For
other projects from Zafena, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Bayer, BristolMeyer-Squibb., Speaker Bureau of: Boehringer-Ingelheim, Bayer, Pfizer, M. Wallstedt: None declared, M. Danielsson-R
anby Employee of:
Zafena, K. Arbring: None declared, M. R
anby Shareholder of: Zafena, Employee of: Zafena.
396
ABSTRACTS
PO368-MON
Effects of new oral anticoagulants on fibrin-network
permeability and thrombin generation
m R 3,
Skeppholm M1, Zabczyk M2, Al-Khalili F1, Malmstro

Agren A4, Blomback M1, He S1 and Wallen H1
1
Karolinska Institute, Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd
Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; 2Department
of Cardiac Surgery, Anaesthesiology and Experimental
Cardiology, Jagiellonian University, Medical College and John
w, Poland;
Paul II Hospital, Institute of Cardiology, Krako
3
Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna,
Karolinska Institute, ; 4Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska
Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
Background: New oral anticoagulants (NOACs) effectively reduce the
risk of ischemic stroke and systemic embolism in atrial fibrillation
(AF). There are important pharmacological differences between each
NOAC, and a deeper knowledge of how these different drugs influence
hemostasis is desirable.
Aims: The aim of this study was to further explore the effects of the
direct thrombin inhibitor dabigatran and the two Xa-inhibitors apixaban and rivaroxaban on fibrin network permeability and thrombin
generation in real-life AF-patients.
Methods: Patients were treated with apixaban (n = 20), rivaroxaban
(n = 26), or dabigatran (n = 23) according to clinical guidelines. For
comparison we also investigated a group of patients on PT-INR
adjusted warfarin treatment (n = 27). Fibrin network permeability
(Ks) and thrombin generation were measured in samples with known
plasma concentration (by liquid chromatography-tandem mass-spectrometry, LC-MS/MS) of each NOAC.
Results: Dabigatran had the strongest effect on Ks with highly significant
increments compared to both warfarin and the Xa-inhibitors (P < 0.001).
Warfarin caused higher Ks than both rivaroxaban (P < 0.05) and apixaban (P < 0.001). All drugs increased lag-time; the most pronounced
effect was caused by dabigatran (P < 0.001 compared to both Xa-inhibitors). There was a significant correlation between lag-time and LC-MS/
MS for both dabigatran (P < 0.01) and apixaban (P < 0.01) treated
patients. A significant positive correlation was also seen between Ks and
lag-time in dabigatran (P < 0.01) and warfarin (P < 0.05) treated
patients, but not in patients on Xa-inhibitors.
Conclusion: In real life AF patients dabigatran treatment has stronger effects on fibrin permeability and thrombin lag-time than treatment with rivaroxaban, apixaban or warfarin. Plasma drug
concentrations of NOACs show clear-cut relationships to lag-time but
are not correlated to fibrin permeability. Further studies are needed to
understand differential effects of NOACs on different parts of the hemostatic system.
PO369-MON
Knowledge of the new oral anticoagulants (NOACS)
amongst University teaching hospital doctors
Ahmad M1, Gautam M2 and Dutt T3
1
Medicine, Royal Liverpool University Hospital; 2Respiratory;
3
Haematology, Royal Liverpool And Broadgreen University
Hospital, Liverpool, UK
Background: In 2012/13 NICE published recommendations for the
management of atrial fibrillation and venous thromboembolism with
the NOACs. NICE emphasise that clinicians have a duty to help
patients make decisions about their treatment based on an understanding of the likely benefits and risks of therapy.
Aims: To assess the knowledge of doctors around 3 NOACs; Dabigatran, Rivaroxaban and Apixaban.
Methods: On the spot questionnaires were randomly distributed to

doctors of varying grades and specialities. Data collection was discontinued on completion of 100 questionnaires. Questions included mode
of action, indications, adverse effects, contraindications, monitoring,
reversal and peri-operative management.
Results: Totally 35% of questionnaires were answered by senior
grades;Registrar/Consultant, and 65% by juniors across Medical/Surgical specialities. All were aware of the 3 NOACs, but less than half
could state individual mode of actions (39%). 46% could state NICE
approved indications and 48% recognised the need for variant dosing.
47% stated prescribing contraindications;bleeding (20/47) most common followed by metallic heart valves (10/47), renal failure (9/47).
55% were aware of reasons including patient choice and a labile INR
for starting a NOAC over warfarin. The majority could not state any
possible adverse effects other than bleeding (66/70). 83% answered
NOACs do not need monitoring,74% identified the need for interruption pre-invasive procedures/surgery. 81% reported lack of a reversal
agent. Only 36% had prescribed a NOAC with Rivaroxaban (25/36)
the most popular, but only 28% felt confident to initiate a NOAC. No
noticeable differences were found comparing junior vs. senior doctors
(P = 0.05).
Conclusion: A significant proportion of clinicians, including senior
doctors, are unaware of vital NOAC prescribing information essential
to ensure patient safety. This study highlights the need for wider education and trust policies to allow appropriate and safe prescribing.
PO370-MON
Real-life use of non-vitamin k antagonist oral
anticoagulants in comparison with vitamin k
antagonists for non-valvular atrial fibrillation: data
from a prospective cohort
Giustozzi M1, Vedovati MC1, Cianella F1, Verdecchia P2,
Verso M1, Conti S3, Filippucci E4, Marchesini E1, Agnelli G1 and
Becattini C1
1
Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine and Stroke Unit,
University of Perugia, Perugia; 2Department of Medicine,
Hospital of Assisi, Assisi; 3Division of Cardiology, S. Matteo degli
Infermi Hospital, Spoleto; 4Unit of Angiology, S. Giovanni
Battista Hospital, Foligno, Italy
Background: Current guidelines recommend non-vitamin K antagonist
oral anticoagulants (NOACs) or vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) for
patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). Clinical features
of patients prescribed with NOACs or VKAs in real-life remain undefined.
Aims: To evaluate differences between NVAF patients prescribed with
NOACs or VKAs in real-life.
Methods: Consecutive patients with NVAF prescribed with NOACs
from August 2013 to January 2015 were included in a multicenter prospective cohort and compared with a random sample of patients with
NVAF receiving VKAs. Chi-squared test and Student t-test were
used.
Results: Overall, 1494 patients with NVAF (5.4% new detected,
17.3% paroxysmal, 8.8% persistent, 68.5% permanent) were included:
1021 receiving NOACs (reduced doses in 483 patients) and 473 VKAs.
The mean CHA2DS2VASC score was higher in patients treated with
rivaroxaban (4.6 1.5) or apixaban (4.5 1.5) compared with
patients treated with dabigatran (4.0 1.5; both P < 0.001) or VKAs
(4.1 1.4; both P < 0.001). Similarly, the mean HASBLED score was
higher in patients treated with rivaroxaban (3.1 1.1) or apixaban
(3.1 1.0) as compared with patients treated with dabigatran
(2.5 1.2; both P < 0.001) or VKAs (2.4 1.0; both P < 0.001).
These differences were mostly accounted for by a lower mean age in
dabigatran patients (77 8 years) compared to rivaroxaban, apixaban or VKAs patients (79 9, 79 8 and 79 8 years, respec 2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997
ABSTRACTS
tively) and by a higher prevalence of previous stroke, previous major
bleeding and labile INR in patients prescribed with NOACs compared
with VKAs. Patients prescribed with reduced doses of NOACs have
increased CHA2DS2VASC or HASBLED compared to patients treated with VKAs or standard doses of NOACs.
Conclusion: Patients prescribed with rivaroxaban or apixaban in reallife have a higher thrombotic and haemorrhagic risk in comparison to
patients receiving dabigatran or VKAs. A considerable proportion of
patients received reduced doses of NOACs in real-life.
PO371-MON
The modulation of prothrombinase lifetime by
rivaroxaban
Bravo MC1, Orfeo T1, Gissel M1, Lavoie E1, Haynes L2 and
Mann K1
1
University Of Vermont, Colchester; 2University Of Vermont,
Burlington, USA
Background: Rivaroxaban is a direct factor Xa (FXa) inhibitor that
reversibly targets both free FXa and FXa complexed with its cofactor,
Factor Va, in the prothrombinase complex (PTase). Cessation of rivaroxaban treatment without administration of another anticoagulant
may lead to an increased risk of stroke and other thrombotic complications.
Aims: To assess the impact rivaroxaban occupancy of PTase under
flow has on the ability of antithrombin (AT) to inhibit PTase.
Methods: Prothrombinase was assembled within phospholipid-coated
glass capillaries and the following sequence of reaction mixtures flowed (100 s1) through each capillary: 1) prothrombin (PT), 2) an anticoagulant solution or PT alone, and 3) PT. The first and third phases
(PT alone) were used to indicate the amount of functional prothrombinase present. The anticoagulant solutions contained either AT, rivaroxaban (2.5, 10, 25 nM), or AT plus rivaroxaban (2.5, 10, 25 nM);
each anticoagulant solution was also tested in the presence of PT.
Immobilized PTase was exposed to the anticoagulant solutions for ~
9 min. The selected rivaroxaban concentrations reflect the free Cmax,
Cmid, and Cmin plasma concentrations (20 mg/od).
Results: Under flow, when the anticoagulant solutions contained AT
or AT + PT, residual PTase levels averaged 50%. In the absence or
presence of PT, rivaroxaban protected PTase from AT inhibition.
Conclusion: Pharmacologically relevant concentrations of rivaroxaban
extend the lifetime of the prothrombinase complex in the presence of a
stoichiometric inhibitor of factor Xa, supporting the potential for
thrombus-associated prothrombinase to be unmasked upon cessation
of rivaroxaban therapy.
Disclosure of Interest: M. C. Bravo: None declared, T. Orfeo: None
declared, M. Gissel: None declared, E. Lavoie: None declared, L.
Haynes: None declared, K. Mann Shareholder of: Haematologic
Technologies, Consultant for: Baxter, Diagnostica Stago, Bayer, CSL
Behring, Alnylam.
PO372-MON
Pharmacokinetics and -dynamics of dabigatran
etexilate and rivaroxaban in patients: requiring
parenteral nutrition for short bowel syndrome (the
PDER PAN study)
Barco SL1, Cheung YW1, Coppens M1, Serlie MJ2, Mathot RA3
and Middeldorp S1
1
Vascular Medicine; 2Endocrinology and Metabolism; 3Hospital
Pharmacy, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Background: Patients receiving parenteral nutrition (PN) for short
bowel syndrome (SBS) often receive anticoagulation for prevention or
397
treatment of thrombosis. Limited and variable enteral reabsorption of

vitamin K antagonists often precludes their use. The route of administration of heparins is burdensome and may lead to poor compliance.
The rationale for dabigatran etexilate and rivaroxaban administration
in patients with SBS is based on the ease of oral administration and a
significant absorption in stomach and proximal bowel, which is usually
maintained in patients with SBS.
Aims: The aim of this phase I study is exploring pharmacokinetics and
pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) parameters of rivaroxaban and dabigatran etexilate in adult patients with SBS on home long-term PN with
an investigator-initiated, single center, randomized, open-label, crossover, phase I study.
Methods: Inclusion criteria were: clinically stable patients (18
75 years, 50110 kg), remaining bowel length <160 cm after Treitz ligamentum, estimated glomerular filtration rate >50 mL min1, ChildPugh score A, no recent major bleeding or thrombotic event, no comedications interfering with study drugs, no prior gastrectomy. On
Day 0 patients were randomized to receive either once-daily rivaroxaban 20 mg or twice-daily dabigatran 150 mg from Day 0 to Day 4.
Relevant drug-specific PK/PD parameters were measured at different
timepoints on Day 0 (single-dose curves) and on Day 45 (steady-state
curves). After a wash-out period, patients were switched to the other
anticoagulant drug and the procedure was repeated. Values were compared to available data from the literature. Patients informed consent
was obtained; the study was approved by hospital ethical committee
(www.trialregister.nl; identifier, NTR4192).
Results: Four patients completed the study.
Conclusion: Final results will be presented at the congress.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Barco: None declared, Y. Cheung: None
declared, M. Coppens Grant/Research Support from: Boehringer Ingelheim, Sanquin Blood Supply, Consultant for: Boehringer Ingelheim, Daiichi Sankyo, the alliance of Bristol-Myers Squibb and Pfizer,
Sanquin Blood Supply, Speaker Bureau of: Boehringer Ingelheim,
Daiichi Sankyo, the alliance of Bristol-Myers Squibb and Pfizer, Sanquin Blood Supply, M. Serlie Grant/Research Support from: TEFA
Mediq, Consultant for: Fresenius, R. Mathot: None declared, S. Middeldorp Grant/Research Support from: Glaxo SmithKline, Aspen,
Bristol-Meyers Squibb/Pfizer and Sanquin Blood Supply, Consultant
for: from Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pfizer,
Daiichi-Sankyo.
PO373-MON
Is it possible to asses rivaroxaban activity without
specific calibrators?
Herrera MDL1, Grinspon A1, Pons S1, Mahuad C2 and
Scazziota A1
1
Clinical Biochemistry, Pharmacy And Biochemistry Faculty,
University Of Buenos Aires; 2Haematology, Hospital Aleman,
Background: Rivaroxaban, a direct and specific factor Xa inhibitor has
been approved for management of thromboembolic disorders without
routine monitoring, but there are several clinical settings in which measurement of the anticoagulant activity can be helpful. Chromogenic
anti-factor Xa activity (aXa) using Rivaroxaban calibrators is the preferred clinical assay, however commercial calibrators are not always
available. Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) calibrators could
be used for this purpose.
Aims: To determine the correlation between aXa, expressed in
ng mL1 (aXa-R), and aXa expressed in IU mL1 (aXa-IU), using
Rivaroxaban and LMWH calibrators respectively, in patients receiving Rivaroxaban and secondly to correlate PT and APTT with
aXa.
Methods: Ten patients taking 15 or 20 mg of Rivaroxaban once
daily had two blood samples taken, at peak and at trough. Plasma
398
ABSTRACTS
was employed to assay PT, APTT and aXa using Rivaroxaban

and LMWH calibrators. Statistical analysis was performed with
ANOVA test, correlation and linear regression with Barlett sphericity.
Results: We found a statistically significant correlation between aXa-R
compared to aXa-IU (r = 0.76), this correlation was stronger at
trough (r = 0.96) than at peak (r = 0.69). The correlation between PT
(sec) and aXa-R was 0.88 and 0.77 at peak and at trough, respectively
but 0.42 and 0.88 when compared with aXa-IU. By contrast, a weaker
correlation was observed with APTT.
aXa-R, aXa-IU and PT results were statistically different between
peak and trough (P = 0.002, 0.0005 and 0.008 respectively). Two
patients at peak had PT values close the normal range.
Conclusion: Rivaroxaban anticoagulant activity with aXa using
LMWH calibrators, available for routine use in clinical laboratories,
provides a reliable assessment of Rivaroxaban, better at trough than
at peak, allowing the use of aXa in most clinical laboratories. While
PT correlates with aXa-R, it is not sensitive enough to determine drug
exposition, some degree of anticoagulant cannot be excluded by a normal PT.
PO374-MON
A new assay for the measurement of rivaroxaban
concentrations in human plasma
Krougliak V, Cao Z, Patel H, Mathew J, Belanger A, Kung C and
Bottenus R
R&D, Instrumentation Laboratory, Orangeburg, USA
Background: Rivaroxaban (RIV) a.k.a. Xarelto is an oral direct FXa
inhibitor. Although fixed dose without routine monitoring is indicated,
in a number of situations determination of RIV levels is desirable for
clinical decision.
Aims: This study was designed to develop a liquid reagent-based RIV
assay with specific RIV Calibrators and Controls for rapid and accurate determination of RIV levels in citrated human plasma on ACL
analyzers.
Methods: The RIV assay is built on the principle of Xa-dependent
chromogenic detection with the HemosIL Liquid Anti-Xa Kit
reagents. The automated 5-point calibration curves was produced
using lyophilized RIV Calibrators 1 and 2 (0 and 500 ng mL1 respectively) and validated using the bi-level RIV Controls (80 and
300 ng mL1). Linearity, LoD, precision/accuracy, interference, and
method comparison studies were performed according to the CLSI
guidelines. On-board and reconstituted stabilities (28 C, -20 C)
were measured for the plasma components.
Results: The precision of the calibrators and controls were 5% CV
and RIV recoveries within 10% of target values. The LoD was
6 ng mL1, the test was linear between 15550 ng mL1 and up to
1000 ng mL1 with reflex testing. No interference was observed for
Hemoglobin (550 mg dL1); bilirubin (24 mg dL1); triglycerides
(1100 mg dL1). The RIV Calibrators and Controls were stable for
8 h on-board, 7 days at 28 C, and for 2 months at -20 C with a single freeze/thaw. The outcome of Method Comparison was the following: a) Clinical trial: IL vs. Hyphen DiXaI: R = 0.97 and slope = 0.99;
IL vs. HPLC-MS/MS: R = 1.0 and slope=1.02; b) POP studies: IL vs.
Hyphen DiXaI R = 0.99 and slope = 0.93.
Conclusion: The IL HemosIL RIV Assay on ACL TOP is reliable and
accurate for measuring RIV in citrated plasma. It has good sensitivity
in the low range to verify clearance of RIV prior to surgery, as well as
sensitivity in the clinical and high range. The test has satisfactory component stability, good sample precision, and comparison to a predicate
device.
PO375-MON
Monitoring vitamin k antagonist treatment: interests
of good therapeutic education
Tadlaoui DA, Taboukouyout A and Guechi Z
Medecine, Nafissa Hamoud Hospital, ALGIERS, Algeria
Background: The Vitamin K antagonists (VKA) are anti thrombotic
used in the prevention and treatment of thromboembolic events in
patients with heart disease. Because of its potential iatrogenic, it was
decided to create an educational foundation with a study in the cardiology department of the Nafissa Hamoud Hospital.
Aims: The program is developed by searching the motivation of
patients about their treatment VKA during 2 months. The patients are
followed by analysing the stability of the International Normalized
Ratio (INR)
Methods: Overall 289 patients were concerned, 176 females and 113
males, with a 0,3 sex ratio. We have to assess patientsknowledge
about their VKA treatment through a binary language questionnaire,
to obtain easier analysis leading to a yes-no answer or a true-false
answer.And then, we evaluate the INR test.
Results: It has been shown that some points in the domain of knowledge to deal with situations of overdose, forgetfulness. . .remain
unknown. In view of these results, a targeted education session was
offered to patients using methods appropriate to the achievement of
our goals (pictorial support, new boxes of medicines..). In the end, an
evaluation of the educational process in medical term (the INR stability is the end point in our study).The result was very encouraging,
indeed, 2 months later, 62% of the INR is balanced after the education session against 42% before the session.
Conclusion: An improvement of INR stability was observed 2 months
after patients education, this study suggests the importance of integrating the therapeutic educational sessions on drug with high iatrogenic risk treatments.
Nursing and Allied Health I

PO376-MON
How participating in a clinical trial has had a far
reaching effect a case study
Mcgregor C and Goruppi M
Haemophilia and Haemostasis Centre, Fiona Stanley Hospital,
Perth, Australia
Background: Clinical trials are an integral part of haemophilia management and with such a small global population it is imperative that
Haemophilia Treatment Centres (HTC) and patients understand how
participating in clinical trials can have far-reaching effects.
Aims: This case study focuses on a 19 year old male with severe haemophilia B who participated in a recombinant factor IX extended half
life phase 3 clinical trial and how this participation affected him, the
HTC and government jurisdictions.
Methods: A review of patient interactions/case notes and correspondance with HTC staff provided the data for this case study.
Results: Clinical Patient Outcomes: Pre clinical trial dose rFIX
5000 IU 9 3/week (241 IU kg1 per week).Study commencement
dose 3500 IU (50 IU kg1 per week). Dose reduced to 2000 IU
(30 IU kg1 per week)and then further reduced to 1500 IU
(20 IU kg1 per week) (1500 IU). Now into his 4th year of being on
the clinical trial he remains on 1500 IU weekly and has reported only
one bleeding event.
Psychosocial Patient Outcomes: The frequency of contact with the
HTC during the clinical trial period improved the relationship and
trust between HTC staff and the patient. The patient also gained a
greater understanding of his bleeding disorder which gave him a
ABSTRACTS
greater sense of trust, ownership and control over managing his bleeding disorder.
HTC Outcomes: The HTC has gained a greater understanding of the
product being trialled and how best the product could be used within
their patient population.
Government Jurisdiction Outcomes: Whilst patients are participating
in clinical trials the financial impact of funding the clotting factor concentrate lies with the sponsor, which can significantly reduce the financial burden of funding clotting factor concentrate.
Conclusion: Not only did this patient gain early access to new innovations in haemophilia treatment and an enhanced quality of life, but the
HTC and government jurisdictions also benefited from patient participation.
PO377-MON
Barriers to inform hemophilic carriers of that
possibility in Japan
Fujii T1, Murakami A2, Fujii T3 and Miyakoshi Y1
1
Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences; 2Institute of
Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Division of Nursing,
Hiroshima University; 3Division of Blood Transfusion, Hiroshima
University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
Background: Prophylactic replacement therapy in patients with hemophilia has enabled to improve their QOL. However, insecurity of hemophilic carriers at the time of marriage or pregnancy has not been
resolved yet because their genetic anomaly may be inheritable.Furthermore, hemophilic carriers have not been recognized as the persons
who receive health care service in Japan.
Aims: The purpose of this study is to clarify barriers to inform hemophilic carriers of that possibility in the family of possible carriers.
Methods: The subjects were mothers who have hemophilic boys and
daughters who were possible carriers. We performed an investigation
using the semi-structured interview to the subjects and confirmed
respective hereditary of hemophilia by family trees. Study Period is
from October to November in 2014.
Results: Four mothers became the subjects and their ages ranged from
300 s to 500 s.Two were persons who had known the possibility of bearing hemophilic boys before their marriage. And then, both of them
had brothers with hemophilia.As a common opinion about notification to carriers, a category that I would like to inform them before
marriage or delivery properly was extracted. It included as a subcategory that I could not inform them though notification was necessary
(subcategory A) and I planed the opportunity of the notification. Subcategory A was consisted of obscurity of appropriate notification
time vague anxiety anxiety by the lack of the parents knowledge
about heredity.As promising support from specialists, they hoped
that medical care givers who specialize in hemophilia and heredity
hospitals which can be examined anytimesupport both delivery
and treatment of the patientsstories of the carriers experiences
about diagnosis.
Conclusion: We considered that total and wide-ranged support was
necessary.However, in the present state, total support of carriers may
be difficult in Japan. Therefore, it is an ideal that persons who need
support can choose and utilize the necessary support.
399
PO378-MON
Mechanical thromboprophylaxis solving dilemmas
Doyle C and Gee E
Medicine, Kings College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust,
London, UK
Background: Anti-embolism stockings (AES) and intermittent pneumatic compression devices (IPC) are commonly used methods of
mechanical thromboprophylaxis (MT) for prevention of Venous
Thromboembolism (VTE). Despite the frequency of their use much
uncertainty exists around the practical aspects of their application.
The ambiguity arises from the need to identify the risk and benefit
ratio for each patient to ensure risk of harm is minimised and the
potential for benefit is maximised.
Aims: We aimed to provide evidence-based solutions to the most commonly reported dilemmas by examining the available literature. In particular, our goals were to discover the optimum length of time AES
should be worn, if AES cause skin damage and in which instances
thigh length IPC would be chosen over knee length.
Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted and the
results reviewed.
Results: The literature was often sparse and on some occasions conflicting. When used in conjunction with national guidance however, we
found that the literature helped to construct answers to the most common dilemmas; although these answers were mostly based on current
best practice rather than clinical evidence.
Conclusion: Although individual clinical judgement must be applied
when making decisions about the use of AES and IPC, current literature offers some guidance to help clinicians make the right choice. This
information should be shared with clinicians to ensure disparities in
practice are reduced, and to improve confidence in clinical decisionmaking.
PO379-MON
The nurses role in idiopathic thrombocytopenia
Ragoonanan V
Haematology, London North West Healthcare, London, UK
Background: Patients with Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP) were
previously monitored by the medical doctors in the clinic. Presently, I
run an independent Nurse -led clinic on ITP in my Trust. I have a very
important role in the monitoring, dosing of medications and follow-up
of these patients medications. The clinic is run once per week and a
maximum of ten patients are seen in the Nurse Specialsit clinic.
Aims: To establish continuity of care for this patient population. These
patients would have a Nurse Specialist and a specific point of contact
for queries or any other issues relating to their condition.
Methods: Patients are referred to the Nurse Specialist by the Haematology Consultant or the Haematology Registrar once the patient is
suspected of having ITP or a low platelet count. Patients are then book
into the Nurse Specialist clinic and followed up on a regular basis.
Results: My clinic consist of both male and female. The age range from
23 years to 82 years. The treatment types varies to steroids, azathioprine, mycophenolate, romiplastin or monoclonal antibody or immunoglobulins. From observation patients appreciates having a Nurse
Specialist as it provides them with continuity of care and someone
who knows their illness well and a specific point of contact. Patients
also develop confidence and trust in the Nurse Specialist due to seeing
the same health care professional most of the time.
Conclusion: Patients with ITP are closely monitored and followed up
in the Nurse Specialist ITP clinic. The patients are long term and
maybe on different types of treatment. As the Nurse Specialist, it is my
responsibility to ensure patients are followed up and monitored in a
400
ABSTRACTS
safe and timely manner. A relationship of trust and confidence is fostered between both patient and Nurse Specialist.
PO380-MON
The impact of footwear on ankle arthropathy in
patients with hemophilia
Strike K1 and Irwin J2
1
Hamilton Niagara Regional Hemophilia Program, Hamilton
Health Sciences; 2School of Nursing, McMaster University,
Hamilton, Canada
Background: Despite improvements in hemophilia treatment and the
use of prophylaxis, people with hemophilia (PWH) continue to experience ankle hemarthrosis, arthropathy, pain and disability. While the
use of orthotics has been seen to improve ankle arthropathy for many,
orthotics are not always practical or available for every patient. Questions remain about the impact of typical daily footwear for the prevention or improvement of arthropathy.
Aims: To perform a literature review investigating the impact of footwear on ankle arthropathy in PWH.
Methods: The National Guideline Clearinghouse, NICE Clinical
Guidelines, Canadian Hemophilia Society, National Hemophilia Federation, World Federation of Hemophilia, and Centers for Disease
Control were searched for practice guidelines and the Cochrane
Library was searched for systematic reviews. Electronic databases
PubMed, Ovid, and CINAHL (19472014) were searched. Search
terms were hemophilia, haemophilia, footwear, shoes using
search limits of English language and human.
Results: Review of the literature located only one study by McLaughlin et al. investigating footwear in PWH. Using gait analysis
McLaughlin et al. demonstrated increased ankle joint force in both
new neutral-soled running shoes and worn hard-soled shoes as compared to the same analysis in healthy controls. Also, in PWH there
was a significant increase in ankle joint force at midstance when wearing the running shoe as opposed to the hard-soled shoe and hypothesized that the running shoe allows for increased muscle activity and
therefore increased joint stability and less reported pain. However
objective data demonstrating enhanced stability or any impact on risk
of injury or pain was not provided.
Conclusion: Despite ongoing improvements in medical care and physiotherapy for patients with hemophilia, there is a noteworthy lack of
available information regarding footwear. To decrease ankle arthropathy and improve outcomes, more research is needed on the impact of
typical daily footwear for PWH.
PO381-MON
Development of inpatient pediatric anticoagulation
management service: the advanced practice nurse
practitioner service model
Meldau J1, Guelcher C1, Hennessey C2, Darbari D2, Guerrera M3
and Diab Y1
1
Hematology, Childrens National Health System; 2Hematology,
Childrens National Health System, Washington; 3Hematology,
Childrens National Health System, Wahington, USA
Background: Pediatric anticoagulation management has become
increasingly complex especially in large centers. As a result, development of dedicated pediatric anticoagulation services has been advocated. Various service models have been utilized [hematologist,
pharmacist, or advanced practice nurse practitioner (APNP)-directed
anticoagulation models]. Inpatient care provided by APNP has been

demonstrated to be high-quality and cost-effective.
Aims: Report our centers experience with APNP-directed anticoagulation service.
Methods: In 2013, a dedicated pediatric anticoagulation service was
created to provide standardized and effective management at the
Childrens National Health System in Washington, DC. The service
is managed by inpatient APNP in consultation with 3 pediatric
hematologists and is supported by a full-time nurse coordinator.
To evaluate the performance of the service, we queried the childrens national administrative database using The International
Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) codes for thromboembolism over a 2-year period between December 2012 and
December 2014. We then identified all cases managed by either the
general hematology service (December 2012-December 2013) or the
APNP-directed anticoagulation service (December 2013-December
2014).
Results: In the earlier year (December 2012-December 2013), 58 inpatients were managed by the general hematology service. In comparison, 96 inpatients were managed by the APNP-directed
anticoagulation service in the subsequent year (December 2013December 2014). Moreover, the total number of consults and total
medical billing for inpatients increased over the same time periods
(275 consults and $37 552 compared to 763 consults and $104 699,
respectively).
Conclusion: The establishment of a dedicated anticoagulation management service directed by APNP resulted in significant growth in the
number of followed patients, consultations and medical billing.
PO382-MON
First experience with the haemoassist, an electronic
substitution diary that works on the basis of a personal
digital assistant (PDA)
rtz A and Lachmann B
Siebert M, Bicker M, Bo
Gerinnungszentrum Rhein Ruhr And Coagulation Research
Centre Gmbh, Duisburg, Germany
Background: Home treatment in haemophilia allows patients and caregivers to be less dependant on hospital care or haemophilia centres. It
can increase independence and an earlier treatment of bleeds. Patients
which are eligible for home treatment may have a more normal life. In
accordance with 14 of the German Transfusion act, patients are obligated to document the factor substitution. Usually this is done by a
paper based substitution calendar. The HaemoassistTM, an electronic
substitution diary that works on the basis of a Personal Digital Assistant, offers another option for the documentation of factor consumption for haemophilia patients in Germany since 2007.
Aims: NA.
Methods: The HaemoassistTM is an electronic patient diary to record
details of factor VIII infusions for prophylaxis or on demand treatment. FVIII administration with total dose, time of infusion, brand
name, lot number, reason for infusion bleeding with bleeding location
has to be documented by the patient or the caregivers. The treatment
centre has access to the patients data and the internet based documentation. The system sends an alarm message in predefined critical situations like three haemorrhages within 1 week or more than 6000 IU of
clotting factor administered per haemorrhage.
Results: Within the last 2 years 33 patients switched to the HaemoassistTM. Only 8 returned to their paper based diary because of personal
discomfort or changes in their electronic equipment. Unusual substitution can be recognized fast and early information of recurrent bleedings helps to prevent further joint damage and to optimize the therapy.
The compliance in using the HaemoassistTM is similar to the paper
based documentation.
ABSTRACTS
Conclusion: The physicians receive informations about suspicious
bleeding quickly and they can control the therapy compliance
easily. For our patients the HaemoassistTM is easy to use. But
elderly patients seem to be not qualified for using it as this generation is mostly not so experienced in the use of modern electronic
devices.
PO383-MON
An evaluation of a myeloproliferative neoplasm
specialist nurse led clinic
Ragoonanan V
Haematology, London North West Hospital Trust, London, UK
Background: Patients with myeloprolifertiave neoplasms were historically seen by the Haematologists. Nonetheless, recent developments
have seen this patient population being monitored by the Clinical
Nurse Specialist in a myeloproliferative neoplasms clinic. I, independently consult in a myeloproliferative neoplasm Specialist Nurse -Led
clinic in my National Health Service Trust. The clinic was started
approximately 7 years ago in the Trust. The clinic is conducted twice
per week. To establish the effectiveness of this Nurse -Led clinic, I carried out a patient satisfaction survey with a questionaire developed for
this purpose.
Aims: The objectives of this evaluation were to establish patients perspectives about being seen in a Specialist Nurse -led clinic. In addition,
this was to determine whether the patient considers a Specialist Nurse
adequately skilled and knowledgeable, and does not cause feelings of
anxiety.
Methods: A quantitative study design was used in the form of a questionaire and random selection. This questionaire comprised of twelve
questions. The questionaire was given out to patients on the day of
their clinic appointment and they were asked to complete the questionaire. Both male and female participants were included and the
responses were anonymous. A total of 80 questionaires were given out
and 75 were returned.
Results: Overall 97.3% felt comfortable being seen by the Specialist
Nurse. 88% were happy for the Clinical Nurse Specialist to prescribe
their medications. 96% felt that the Clinical Nurse Specialist has a
good understanding of their condition. 90% felt they were comfortable
to ask questions .
Conclusion: Overall, patients were very satisfied at being seen by a Specialist Nurse in an independent clinic setting. The clinic has expanded
over the 5-year period and a second clinic was started at another Hospital in my Trust. Since then, I have started another Nurse -led clinic
in the Trust. I am in the process of setting up a telephone clinic in my
hospital.
PO384-MON
Pharmacist supported anticoagulation management
clinic - improving patient care in an emerging country
Najmi N1, Moiz B2 and Khan S1
1
Pharmacy; 2Pathology, Aga Khan Universty Hospital Stadium
Road, Karachi, Pakistan
Background: Joint Commission International Accreditation (JCIA)
outlined the National Patient Safety Goal related to anticoagulation
therapy (03.05.01). We observed 10% of drug overdosage was due to
warfarin toxicity.
Aims: The objective of this study is to observe improvement in patient
care during anticoagulation therapy.
401
Methods: We studied our patients enroled in Antocoagulation Clinic

from March 2013 to December 2014. Quality indicators were monitered as bleeding and thrombotic events. Food consultation and
patient education was done to 100% patients. 15 patients migrating to
other cities were communicated through e-mails and telephonic messages for INR monitoring and dose adjustments.
Results: A total of 105 patients (49 males/ 56 females) were registered
in Anticoagulation Clinic. Diagnosis included deep venous thrombosis
(n = 23), pulmonary embolism (n = 18), portal vein thrombosis
(n = 7), superior mesenteric vein thrombosis (n = 5), cerebral venous
thrombosis (n = 5), others (n = 47). During the study of 105 patients 2
events were reported. These events included incidents of minor (n = 1)
and major bleeding (n = 0) and thrombotic event (n = 1) despite anticoagulation.
Conclusion: The results showed improved patient care for bleeding and
thrombotic events.
PO385-MON
Nursing management of venous thromboembolism
(VTE) treatment with rivaroxaban at the university
hospital of Padua: a 6-month experience
Tonello C, Baracco E, Bettella M, Cacco L, Griggio N, Morandin S,
Nalin F, Noventa A, Scarpazza O, Zulian P and Avruscio G
Department of Cardiac-Thoracic-Vascular Sciences, Unit of
Angiology at University Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
Background: Rivaroxaban is a novel oral direct factor Xa inhibitor
approved in EU and USA for VTE treatment and for VTE recurrence
secondary prevention. The role of physicians in managing rivaroxaban
is well established. Data about the nursing management of VTE treatment with rivaroxaban are lacking.
Aims: Report the nursing experience at the Unit of Angiology of the
University Hospital of Padua with the use of rivaroxaban for VTE
treatment.
Methods: Patients with objectively confirmed VTE, starting rivaroxaban and giving their informed consent were managed by the nurses
and underwent a standardized questionnaire, a full educational training for treatment with rivaroxaban and were included in a registry.
Demographic features and clinical history were checked. During follow-up patients were asked to contact us for treatment temporary or
definitive interruption, dose reduction or bridging; all causes for
changes were gathered. Monitoring of renal, hematologic and liver
function every 4 weeks was planned for fragile patients.
Results: From June 1st to December 31st 2014, 55 patients were
included. All patients answered the questionnaire. 4 patients had cancer, 4 patients had thrombophilia, no patients had renal insufficiency,
8 patients had haemodinamically stable PE. 5 patients completed their
treatment course, 1 patient stopped treatment for a recurrence. 5
patients had minor bleeding, 1 had moderate renal insufficiency; all
were reduced the dosage of rivaroxaban. 1 patient had major bleeding
and treatment was temporarily interrupted. 4 patients asked informations for temporary interruption and 2 patients for bridging therapy.
Patients were interviewed after a mean 3-month period and were fully
satisfied of nursing assistance and of treatment with rivaroxaban.
Conclusion: Nursing management of VTE treatment with a full educational training, a standardized questionnaire, a registry and the direct
contact with patients is an optimal tool to monitor the compliance of
treatment with rivaroxaban
402
ABSTRACTS
PO386-MON
Response of leucocyte count, leucocyte differential
count and thrombocyte count on frequent blood
donations among male subjects in University of
Calabar Teaching Hospital Donor Clinic, Calabar,
Nigeria
Okpokam D1, Okafor I1, Akpotuzor J1, Osim E2, Usanga E1 and
Okpokam O3
1
Medical Laboratory Science; 2Physiology, University Of Calabar,
Calabar; 3Surgery, University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Uyo,
Nigeria
Background: Abuse of blood donation is common in Calabar, Nigeria.
Most research on blood donors has been done only focusing on erythrocyte parameters without considering other cell line like leucocyte
and thrombocyte of donors.
Aims: To assesse the reaction of leucocyte and thrombocyte aside the
erythrocyte parameters among frequent male blood donors in Calabar,
Nigeria.
Methods: Materials: One hundred and eighty-four (184) subjects comprising five groups were recruited into this study, that is, 35 (19.0%) control group (donors donating for the first time), 32 (17.4%) of first
(donors donating for the second time), 35 (19.0%) of second (donors
donating for the third time), 41 (22.3%) of third (donors donating for
the fourth time) and 41 (22.3%) of fourth (donors donating for the fifth
time) time blood donors. Approval was from Health Research Ethical
Committee (HREC) of UCTH and consent obtained. They were aged
1849 years of age. First time blood donors of similar age were used as
the control group. Their full blood counts were evaluated using complete
automated cell counter (ERMA INC. Tokyo PCE-210, 5.10 version).
Results: Results showed that 93% of all donors were in the 1835 age
group and more than 63% of the donors were commercial blood
donors. Hct of first, second, third and fourth time male blood donors
were significantly reduced progressively as number of times of donation increased when compared with the control group. White blood
cell (except for lymphocyte) and platelet counts also decreased progressively with repeated blood donation mostly among donors donating third and fourth time donors when compared with control group.
Although, all the result gotten from leucocyte and thrombocyte were
within the reference range in Africa.
Conclusion: Repeated (third and fourth timers) blood donation has
shown in this study to produce a decrease in Hct, WBC (monocyte
and granulocyte) and platelet counts when compared to the control
while there was an increase in lymphocyte.
PO387-MON
Participation of nurses in preparation of patients with
hemophilia for surgery of colon cancer
Rakic L
Hematology, Clinical Center Of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
Background: Among the healthy people, control of bleeding is
achieved very quickly and without any need for medical intervention.
However, some people suffer from innate bleeding disorders that
reduce their ability to achieve hemostasis. Many of these disorders are
hereditary, such as hemophilia, which occurs due to complete or partial lack of factors that affect the normal blood coagulation. Adequate
compensation of the missing clotting factor provides an implementation of more aggressive diagnostic, therapeutic, surgical-therapeutic
procedures in patients with hemophilia in order to prevent bleeding
after the intervention.
Aims: To identify activities of nurses in preoperative preparation of
patients for internist surgical intervention.
Methods: CASE STUDY: Surgical intervention of colon cancer in

patients with hemophilia
Results: Long-term prophylaxis is necessary in patients with hemophilia, and in the case of surgical intervention is obligatory.Given the
proper prophylaxis and preparation of patients for surgical intervention, there is a need for 100% compensation of the missing factors to
prevent bleeding during and after the intervention as well.
Conclusion: Number of patients with hemophilia is increasing which
can be explained by advances in diagnosis and treatment. The quality
and length of life of patients are improved. Today it is considered that
with the adequate treatment of hemophilia patients can reach the
length of life in the general population. Nurse technicians occupy an
important place in the multidisciplinary work with people suffering
from hemophilia and there is a need for their continuous education
during their service life. Healthcare and educational work with
patients is of crucial importance for patients and their families.
PO388-MON
Mild haemophilia a: a manageable condition?
Pollock D
North, New Zealand
Background: Mild haemophilia is a very manageable condition. If
you have mild haemophilia it may have little impact on your life as
long as you know what to do and how to manage it HFA 2011
During the years I have practiced as a Clinical Nurse Specialist in
Thrombosis/Haemostasis I have managed the cares of many patients
with mild haemophilia. Many of these people only require treatment
when they are having invasive procedures and individual care plans/
surgical protocols are prepared for each patient.
Aims: To discuss three different cases of management of bleeding in
elderly gentlemen with Mild Haemophilia A. Covering topics such as
ageing complications and treatments, costs and safety issues for these
patients.
Methods: Over the last few years we have treated three individual cases
in men aged between 6490 years and I would like to present their case
histories and cover the complexity of treatment required for elderly
people with mild haemophilia A.
Results: WM 64 year old man who required a Holmium Laser Enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP). This was indicated as a lower bleeding
risk surgery and a protocol was prepared using Factor VIII to obtain
levels of >80% with a gradual reduction over 710 days.JH 90 year
old man who also required the above mentioned surgery and a similar
protocol was prepared.SM 87 year old man who was admitted to hospital following a fall. His discharge was complicated by another fall
which has had a very dramatic impact on his life and lifestyle.Each of
these gentlemen experienced complications due not just to their bleeding condition but to other factors such as age related co-morbidities.
Conclusion: Even though many believe that Mild Haemophilia A is a
fairly manageable condition occassionally complications arise and
additional factors such as the ageing process can have adverse affects
on the outcome for these patients. During this presentation/poster I
would like to highlight the complexities we as nurses caring for this
patient population need to be aware of.
ABSTRACTS
PO389-MON
Source data verification pilot: using central monitoring
in an: observational critical care biomarker study
Mcdonald E1, Jain D1, Ward R2, Liaw P3 and Fox-Robichaud A1
1
Medicine, Mcmaster University, Hamilton; 2Research, Ottawa
Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa; 3Research, Thrombosis and
Atherosclerosis Research Institute TaARI, Hamilton, Canada
Background: Source Data Verification (SDV) is the process of ensuring
that the collected data are accurate and reliable. The traditional goldstandard of 100% on-site monitoring results in large costs and logistical complexity leading to the development of novel central monitoring
(CM) techniques. SDV has traditionally focused on clinical trials.
Aims: Our aim was to determine the feasibility of applying CM techniques to observational studies.
Methods: In this observational, retrospective SDV study we enrolled a
convenience sample of 50 patients who were enrolled in The DYNAMICS Study.
DYNAMICS (DNA as a Prognostic Marker in ICU Patients)is a
multi-centre observational study investigating plasma cell-free DNA
as a biomarker for ICU mortality. We used source documents of
patients that were previously sent to the Methods Centre for infection
adjudication. We identified 9 clinically relevant data categories we felt
were important for monitoring: Inclusion & Exclusion Criteria, Past
Medical History, Sample Dates, Microbiological Cultures, ICU & hospital discharge status &date. The total sample was divided among 9
sites in proportion to recruitment. The electronic database data was
compared with the original source documents.
Results: Of the 450 data points examined, 44 were missing from the
source documents and excluded from the analysis. Each individual
study site and data category had greater than 80% accurate data with
the exception of ICU discharge/death date, which was 79%. Most
notable was hospital and ICU final status data was 100% accurate.
Overall, CM was found to be 93% accurate across 50 patients.
Conclusion: CM needs further development and research as SDV technique before it can be widely utilized in observational studies. Despite
some limitations, this study has shown that CM techniques can be
applied to observational studies and quality assurance research should
not be constrained solely to 100% SDV in clinical trials, as has happened historically.
PO390-MON
Raising awareness of venous thromboembolism
prevention: how the Jewish general hospital is meeting
the requirements for hospital accreditation
Emed J1,2, Strulovitch C3, Chung S2 and Patel H2
1
Ingram School of Nursing, McGill University; 2Nursing;
3
Thrombosis, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
Background: The Jewish General Hospital (JGH) (Montreal, Canada)
Thrombosis Team has been engaged in activities aimed at providing
information on venous thromboembolism (VTE) prevention and raising awareness about its importance to patient safety. In 2012, Accreditation Canada formalized the requirements for VTE prophylaxis by
making it a condition for hospital accreditation. Several criteria are
assessed: having a VTE prophylaxis policy, identifying patients at risk
and providing appropriate prevention, ensuring post-discharge prophylaxis after major orthopedic surgery, measuring thromboprophylaxis performance and making improvements accordingly, and
providing information to staff and patients about the risks and prevention of VTE.
Aims: To promote appropriate thromboprophylaxis through awareness-raising and educational activities for patients and staff.
403
Methods: During March is DVT Awareness Month, several activities are organized at the JGH, including Medical Grand Rounds,
Nursing Grand Rounds, an interactive test-your-knowledge
thrombolympiad for residents and multidisciplinary team members, information kiosks, and a public lecture. A super clotbuster
mascot also tours the hospital, answering questions and providing
information. These presentations provide a forum for disseminating
best practices in VTE prevention and sharing audit results, clinical
issues and quality improvement efforts. Newsletter articles and poster displays act as communication tools to complement the campaign.
Results: At the last accreditation (2012), the JGH met the standards
for VTE prevention, and the hospital was accredited with exemplary
standing. The team is planning its 8th edition of DVT Awareness
Month for 2015, which has become a well-established tradition at our
hospital.
Conclusion: Awareness-raising activities can be an effective way of
energizing and mobilizing staff and patients regarding VTE prevention. They are also a fun and creative way of meeting accreditation
standards.
PO391-MON
Haemophilia and ageing. Promoting healthy ageing
through proactive engagement with general
practitioners literature review and pilot survey
Hollingdrake O and Zeissink B
Queensland Haemophilia Centre, Royal Brisbane & Womens
Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
Background: Treatment advances in recent decades have increased life
expectancy for men with haemophilia. These men are experiencing more general health concerns associated with advancing age. The
management of age related conditions such as cardiovascular disease
and cancer is costly and complicated in this population. In addition,
these patients may not have as strong links to general practice as the
wider population, with specialist haemophilia treatment centres in tertiary settings traditionally providing comprehensive care of the health
needs of this population. It is unknown whether men are accessing recommended preventative health checks. This situation is exacerbated
by reluctance of men to engage with health services, not knowing how
to discuss the complexities of ageing and assumptions that men have
about the knowledge of their general practitioner (GP) regarding haemophilia.
Aims: To assess the current status of preventative primary healthcare
in the ageing haemophilia community.
Methods: A literature review was performed and a pilot survey developed to explore the current state of knowledge of men with haemophilia about general health and ageing, their level of engagement with
general practitioners and involvement in general health screening. The
survey was distributed to all men with haemophilia in Queensland,
Australia, with results yet to be analysed.
Results: The outcome of the survey will inform further research,
including focus groups where topics can be explored further and promoters and barriers to primary prevention of age-related conditions
can be identified.
Conclusion: By engaging with men living with haemophilia in Queensland, Australia, this research aims to gain an initial understanding of
the current dialogue between men with haemophilia and GPs around
healthy ageing. Ultimately, online and paper resources will be developed to encourage and facilitate a proactive discussion about healthy
ageing between men with haemophilia and their GP.
Disclosure of Interest: O. Hollingdrake Grant/Research Support from:
Pfizer Nurses Education Award, B. Zeissink Grant/Research Support
from: NovoNordisk Changing Possibilities in Haemophilia.
404
ABSTRACTS
PO392-MON
A survey of clinical research coordinators to manage
the clinical research paperwork mountain
Schnurr T1, Cooke S2, Kazimer D3, Sayles MJ3 and McDonald E4
1
Thrombosis Research, St. Josephs Healthcare Hamilton;
2
Medicine, HHSC; 3Research, SJHH; 4Medicine, McMaster
Background: An essential component of the role of the Clinical
Research Coordinator (CRC) is to ensure that all study required documentation is complete, accurate and accessible. The increasing scope,
size, and complexity of clinical trials amplify the amount of paperwork
required for each study. Fiscal constraints and staffing reductions
increase the number of studies that individual CRCs are responsible
for managing. The incongruity of the increasing need to process and
track paper documents in a progressively electronic age represents a
major challenge for CRCs.
Aims: In an attempt to explore current practice patterns and to share
these practices to improve document management, we developed and
distributed a survey to clinical research staff (excluding principal investigators) working at St. Josephs Healthcare Hamilton (SJHH).
Methods: The survey used a mixed methods format, including demographic data about the CRCs area of expertise and years of experience, as well as qualitative questions to understand how CRCs
manage the ever increasing complexity and volume of paperwork.
Data was analyzed independently by three reviewers who then compared their findings to reach a consensus on general themes.
Results: The majority of CRCs at SJHH are women; most of whom
have worked in the field of clinical trials (or of research) for 10 years
or more. Colour coding and use of binders are the most common tools
used to organize documents. Other organization strategies, tips and
ideas were also identified.
Conclusion: Additional research is required to uncover the optimal
strategies for managing the mountain of paperwork associated with
managing clinical trials.
PO393-MON
The Jewish general experience in developing patient
teaching materials on warfarin and venous
thromboembolism
Strulovitch C1, Emed J2, Chung S2 and Patel H2
1
Thrombosis; 2Nursing, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal,
Canada
Background: It is well-known that patient education on venous thromboembolism (VTE) and its treatment has a positive impact on our
patient population. At the Jewish General Hospital (JGH), an informal survey with nursing staff revealed a need for patient education
resources and many nurses requested increased information enabling
them to adequately provide patient education. Importantly, the survey
indicated a lack of available patient education resources.
Aims: To develop materials on VTE and anticoagulation (warfarin) to
standardize and improve patient education.
Methods: A multidisciplinary committee (doctors, nurses, pharmacist,
and dietician) was convened to review existing resources as a basis for
creating our own printed materials. Once the contents of the booklets
were completed, the booklets were reviewed by all members of our
committee, by our hospitals Patient Education Network and a small
pilot was conducted with a group of English-speaking patients to
assess clarity and user-friendliness of contents. Work was also done
with a translator and graphic designer to finalize the two booklets.
Results: Patient feedback from the pilot was positive, and the booklets
were judged to be useful and informative. In-servicing was provided
on all in-patient units (day and evening shifts) to review the booklets
contents and the method of distribution and re-ordering. An auditing

mechanism was introduced through the Anticoagulation Clinic to
assess if nurses were giving the patients these booklets at time of discharge. It was found that there were inconsistencies in distribution
amongst the different hospital units.
Conclusion: Booklets with key information on VTE and warfarin are
deemed important and useful resources by patients and staff alike.
Future plans are to ensure their optimal use and availability, make the
content available online, and include new oral anticoagulants.
Platelet activation / adhesion /

aggregation I
PO394-MON
The impact of 3 cytoplasmic tail mimetic peptides on
platelet aggregation and IIB3 activation
Nguyen HTT1,2, Huynh KC2,3, Scharf RE1,4 and Stoldt VR1,2,4
1
Department of Experimental and Clinical Hemostasis,
Hemotherapy, and Transfusion Medicine, Heinrich Heine
University Medical Center; 2NRW Research School Biostruct,
Heinrich Heine University, Dusseldorf, Germany; 3Department of
Biomedical Engineering, International University - Vietnam
National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; 4Biological
Medical Research Center, Heinrich Heine University Medical
Center, Dusseldorf, Germany
Background: The integrin-regulatory adaptor proteins talin-1 and
kindlin-3 serve as important links between actin and integrins and are
essential for their function.
Aims: This study aimed at exploring the effect of b3 cytoplasmic tail
mimetic peptides, disrupting the interaction between aIIbb3 and integrin-regulatory adaptor proteins, on platelets aggregation and PAC-1
binding to platelets.
Methods: To study the effect of mimetic peptides on platelet aggregation, platelets (2 9 108 mL1) in platelet-rich plasma were incubated
with mimetic peptides (800 lM), containing the binding site for either
talin-1 (PT) or kindlin-3 (PK). The peptides had been fused to a TAT
sequence (47YGRKKRRQRRR57), which is known to facilitate the
uptake of peptides into platelets. Subsequently, peptide-treated platelets were stimulated by 2.5 lM ADP. Their response was recorded on
an aggregometer. To examine the impact of peptides on aIIbb3 activation, ADP-induced platelets, pretreated with mimetic peptides, were
incubated with FITC-conjugated PAC-1. The level of PAC-1 binding
was subsequently measured by flow cytometry. As control experiments, platelets without peptides or with control peptide (PC), containing the TAT sequence only, were used.
Results: Aggregation assays revealed that, in the presence of ADP,
mimetic peptides caused a reduction by 15 3% (PT) or 19 6%
(PK) in platelet aggregation, as compared to control experiments
(P < 0.01, n = 3). FACS analysis showed that PT and PK resulted in a
significant decrease by 16 5% and 12 5% in terms of PAC-1
binding to ADP-activated platelets, as compared to control experiments (P < 0.05, n = 3). Platelets penetrated with PC bound to PAC-1
antibody as similar as samples in the absence of peptides.
Conclusion: Our results indicate that b3 cytoplasmic tail mimetic peptides for talin-1 or kindlin-3 binding sites can inhibit platelet aggregation and reduce activation of aIIbb3 in response to agonists.
ABSTRACTS
PO395-MON
Bile salt chenodeoxycholate suppresses normal
platelet functions through cyclic amp activation
pathway
Metharom P1, OGara F2 and Berndt MC3
1
Health Sciences; 2Curtin Health Innovation Research Insitute;
3
Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
Background: Increased gastro-oesophageal reflux is common among
patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. Studies indicate
bile salts as one of the key effectors in aggravating bronchial complications. They are associated with persistent colonisation of pathogens
found in cystic fibrosis and are known to exert both stimulatory and
inhibitory effects in various cell types. Given that platelets circulate
continuously though the pulmonary capillaries and participate in the
maintenance of vascular integrity, it is possible that normal platelet
functions are modulated by the presence of bile salts.
Aims: To investigate the impact of bile salts on platelet response to
stimuli and the signalling pathways involved.
Methods: Platelet aggregometry, flow cytometry and western blotting.
Results: Primary tauro- and glycol-chenodeoxycholic acid (TCDCA
and GCDCA), and secondary bile salts, lithocholic and deoxycholic
acids, at 100 lM, significantly suppressed washed platelet aggregation
in response to collagen. In stimulated platelets, TCDCA inhibited Akt
phosphorylation and increased the phosphorylation of cAMP-dependent PKA and VASP. Western blot and flow cytometry with different
antibodies against TGR5, a bile receptor associated with cAMP elevation, confirmed positive TGR5 expression in platelets. Furthermore, a
selective agonist of TGR5, INT777, inhibited platelet aggregation in
response to collagen similarly to bile acid TCDCA.
Conclusion: Our data show for the first time that bile salts affect normal platelet function and signalling by increasing the activity of PKA
and that the action is likely mediated through the receptor, TGR5.
TGR5 agonists are in preclinical trial for treatment of various diseases
including type-2 diabetes, atherosclerosis and obesity, all of which are
associated with an increased risk of thrombosis. Our observations suggest that inhibition of platelet function by TGR5 activators might confer an additional cardiovascular benefit.
PO396-MON
The role of heterotrimeric G proteins in regulation of
GPIIB-IIIA activation and platelet contractility
Budnik I1,2, Shenkman B3 and Savion N1
1
Goldschleger Eye Research Institute, Tel Aviv University, Tel
Hashomer, Israel; 2Department of Pathophysiology, I. M.
Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow,
Russia; 3National Hemophilia Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel
Hashomer, Israel
Background: Most of soluble platelet agonists mediate their effect via
receptors coupled to heterotrimeric G proteins.
Aims: To investigate the effect of sole and combined stimulation of G
proteins on the activity state of aIIbb3 and platelet contractility.
Methods: Blood was obtained from healthy volunteers who signed an
informed consent form approved by the local research ethics committee. Activation of Gaq, Gai and/or Ga12/13 proteins was achieved by
using combinations of the following platelet agonists: ADP, epinephrine, arachidonic acid, U46619, and inhibitors: AR-C66096, MRS2500
and acetylsalicylic acid. Total expression and activity state of aIIbb3
were evaluated by flow cytometry using P2 and PAC-1 mAbs, respectively. Platelet contractility was evaluated by modified rotational
thromboelastometry in which heparinized platelet-rich plasma was
pretreated or not with the platelet inhibitors indicated above, supple-
405
mented with reptilase and coagulation factor XIIIa and stimulated by

platelet agonists.
Results: Selective stimulation of Ga12/13 or Gaq did not cause
aIIbb3 activation. Selective stimulation of Gai and its combined
stimulation with Ga12/13 or Gaq proteins caused aIIbb3 activation
in the following order: Gai < Gaq + Gai Gaq + Ga12/13 < Gai
+ Ga12/13. Noteworthy, combined stimulation of Gai + Ga12/13
proteins produced greater effect than combined stimulation of all
three G proteins. Combined stimulation of Gaq + Gai + Ga12/13,
Gaq + Gai and Gai + Ga12/13 proteins as well as selective stimulation of Gai protein induced highly efficient platelet contractile
response. In contrast, combined stimulation of Gaq + Ga12/13 and
selective stimulation of Gaq or Ga12/13 proteins resulted in weak
platelet contractility.
Conclusion: The results suggest an essential role for Gai protein in
induction of maximal aIIbb3 activation and platelet contractility and,
therefore, in assembly of a functional fibrinaIIbb3actin cytoskeleton
complex.
PO397-MON
The gut microbiota regulates von willebrand factor
expression and platelet prothrombotic function via
toll-like receptor-2
rmann N, Reiss C, Alber K,
Jackel S, Lillich M, Kiouptsi K, Ho
Jurk K, Walter U, Ruf W and Reinhardt C
Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis CTH, University Medical
Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
Background: Innate immune signaling and thrombosis are closely
intertwined processes. Recent reports have linked the gut microbiota
and in particular its metabolic function to the development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases.
Aims: While Toll like receptor 2 (TLR2) signaling is involved in atherosclerosis development, contributions of TLR2 to thrombosis and
the interdependence of microbial colonization and platelet and vessel
wall function are currently unknown.
Methods: By the use of germfree (GF) mouse technology combined
with intravital fluorescence microscopy we address if the microbiota
could be a factor that fosters platelet adhesion.
Results: In static adhesion experiments we found reduced adhesion
of platelets from Tlr2/ mice to collagen and laminin. To investigate whether intact TLR2 signaling is required for experimental
thrombus formation, we visualized platelet deposition to the injured
endothelium in a transient ligation model of the Arteria carotis
communis using fluorescence intravital microscopy. Platelet deposition to the vessel wall was impaired in Tlr2/ mice, but no hemostatic abnormalities were detected. Platelet depletion experiments in
mice and static adhesion experiments with washed platelets revealed
that the adhesion defect in Tlr2/ mice was not platelet intrinsic,
but was caused by a plasma-borne factor. Tlr2/ mice and thrombosis-protected GF mice showed reduced vWF plasma and liver
mRNA levels compared with conventionally-raised wild-type
(CONV-R) counterparts. GF wild-type and Tlr2/ mice were
indistinguishable in plasma vWF levels and platelet deposition on
injured arteries. In CONV-R Tlr2/ mice, the defect in platelet
adhesion was rescued by addition of human vWF to levels seen in
wild-type blood. In addition, adhesion of TLR2/ platelets to
extracellular matrices was increased by supplementing with vWF.
Conclusion: Here, we report that microbiota-triggered TLR2 signaling
in the liver supports vWF mediated platelet deposition in carotid ligation injury.
406
ABSTRACTS
PO398-MON
Nuclear receptor dependent formation of coated
platelets inhibits platelet responses to stimuli
Unsworth AJ, Sage T, Kriek N, Schenk MP, Jones CI, Moraes LS
and Gibbins JM
of Reading, Reading, UK
Background: Liver X receptors (LXRs) and Farnesoid X receptor
(FXR) have been identified in human platelets. Ligands for both have
been shown to have non-genomic inhibitory effects on platelet activation, including inhibition of aggregation, granule secretion, adhesion
and spreading. Interestingly, pathological conditions associated with
increased circulating levels of LXR and FXR ligands have been related
to platelet hyper-reactivity.
Aims: The role of these receptors in resting platelets was therefore
determined.
Methods: Resting washed platelets were treated with increasing concentrations of LXR (Gw3965) and FxR (Gw4064) synthetic ligands
and markers of platelet activation and procoagulant activity were
determined in comparison to vehicle-treated platelets.
Results: Treatment with either Gw3965 or Gw4064 elicited a dose
dependent increase in resting platelet activity, including increases in
alpha granule secretion and fibrinogen binding. In addition Gw3965
and Gw4064 also elicited the formation of COATED platelets, as both
caused an increase in phosphatidylserine exposure, increased intracellular calcium levels, depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane,
generation of reactive oxygen species and formation of microparticles.
This increase in activity was found to be dependent on intracellular
calcium as treatment in the presence of BAPTA-AM prevented
COATED platelet formation.
Conclusion: This and previous work suggest that activation of LXR
and FXR converts a subset of platelets to the reactive procoagulant
state. These platelets become desensitized and unable to respond to
platelet stimuli resulting in inhibition of responses to classical platelet
agonists. This has clinical implications since nuclear receptor ligands
are under development for the treatment of several pathological conditions. Understanding these non-genomic effects of the nuclear receptors and their ligands is essential to balance their genomic regulatory
roles against their possible additional effects on platelet reactivity and
function.
PO399-MON
Considerable variability of platelet response to tissue
factor in healthy individuals and potential role of fxa
inhibitor as an anti-platelet agent
Murasaki KM1, Ishigaki K2 and Hagiwara N1
1
Department of Cardiology; 2School of Medicine, Tokyo
Womens Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
Background: In the view of physiological blood coagulation, the primary pathway leading to thrombus formation is the tissue factor (TF)initiated coagulation pathway. During the initiation phase of coagulation, TF generates a small amount of thrombin. The small amount of
thrombin is enough to activate platelets and then, platelet produces a
burst of thrombin generation of sufficient magnitude to clot fibrinogen. Cardiovascular disease, such as acute coronary syndrome is associated with activation of platelets with higher thrombin generation
levels. However the effect of anticoagulant agent to platelet activation
is not fully considered.
Aims: The aim of this study is to evaluate the variability of platelet
response to tissue factor in healthy individuals and the role of FXa
inhibitor as a potential anti-platelet agent.
Methods: Human whole blood was collected from healthy volunteers

in tubes containing 1/10 volume of 3.8%sodium citrate. Citrated
human blood was centrifuged to obtain platelets-rich plasma (PRP).
PRP response to TF was evaluated in vitro with expression of plateletactivation specific antigens using flow cytometric analysis.
Results: TF produced activation of human platelets within 2 min. TF
induced platelet activation was observed in dose-dependent manner.
However, considerable individual variability in platelets activation
response to TF was observed. Platelets sensitivity varied over 20 folds
in TF concentration. Inhibition of thrombin generation by blocking
upstream proteases, FXa, by Rivaroxaban was as effective in preventing TF-induced platelet activation.
Conclusion: Considerable individual variability in platelets activation
response to TF was observed. Blocking upstream coagulation factors
higher than thrombin, which reduces thrombin production, could have
the potential role as the anti-platelet agent.
PO400-MON
Physiological regulation of platelet aggregation by the
gasotransmitter hydrogen sulfide
Emerson M1, Ahmad O1, Rauzi F1, Smyth E1, Wood ME2 and
Whiteman M3
1
National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London,
London; 2Biosciences; 3Medical School, University of Exeter,
Exeter, UK
Background: Platelets are key drivers of acute cardiovascular events
such as myocardial infarction. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gasotransmitter that is enzymatically generated in biological tissues and with
emerging roles in cardiovascular biology. There is currently no consensus on the regulation of platelets by H2S.
Aims: We aimed to investigate the enzymatic source of H2S in platelets
and define its role in regulating platelets.
Methods: We assessed expression and catalytic activity of H2S-generating enzymes in human platelets using Western blotting and enzymatic
assays. We also determined the effect of a slow-releasing H2S compound GYY4137 (morpholin-4-ium 4 methoxyphenyl(morpholino)
phosphinodithioate) as well as inhibitors of H2S generating enzymes
upon human platelet aggregation in vitro. Additional studies were performed in a real-time mouse model of radiolabelled platelet thromboembolism.
Results: Western blotting showed that human platelets express the H2S
generating enzyme cystathionine-b-synthase (CBS) but not cystathionine-g-lysase (CSE). In addition, CBS was catalytically active in platelets whereas CSE was not. Experiments with the H2S selective probe
WSP-1 showed that platelets generated H2S and that H2S production
was inhibited by the CBS inhibitor 2-(aminooxy)acetic acid (1 mM).
The slow releasing H2S donor GYY4137 inhibited thrombin- and collagen-induced human platelet aggregation in a concentration-dependent manner and to a significantly larger extent than the decayed
control compound. In vivo, GYY4137 (50 mg kg1) significantly
reduced collagen-induced radiolabelled platelet aggregation.
Conclusion: Platelets generate H2S endogenously from CBS. Furthermore, H2S, when applied to platelets in a manner that mimics slow,
physiological release from enzymes, inhibits platelet aggregation
through mechanisms that remain to be identified. H2S may therefore
be an important physiological regulator of platelet activation.
ABSTRACTS
PO401-MON
Platelet-specific GARP deficiency does not affect
thrombosis and hemostasis in mice
Vermeersch E, Vanhoorelbeke K, Meyer SD, Deckmyn H and
Tersteeg C
Ku Leuven Kulak, Kortrijk, Belgium
Background: We previously identified Glycoprotein-A Repetitions Predominant protein (GARP or LRRC32) on human platelets and endothelial cells and provided evidence for its involvement in thrombus
formation in GARP deficient zebrafish (Blood 2009; 113: 4754).
Aims: We now investigated the role of murine platelet GARP in
thrombosis and hemostasis using platelet-specific conditional GARP
knock out mice (GARP cKO).
Methods: Cre expression driven by the PF4 promoter was used to generate transgenic mice specifically lacking GARP expression on megakaryocytes and platelets. Hematological parameters (platelets, mean
platelet volume, white blood cells, red blood cells, hemoglobin and
hematocrit) and platelet surface glycoprotein expression (GPIb, GPVI
and GPIIb) were determined in GARP cKO and littermate controls.
Platelet activation was measured ex vivo by flow cytometry (P-selectin
and aIIbb3) and aggregometry (PAR4 and collagen) and in vivo by
measuring the tail bleeding time and the occlusion time of the mesenteric and carotid artery after FeCl3-induced thrombosis.
Results: No GARP could be detected on platelets of GARP cKO mice,
in contrast to their controls, whereas an increased GARP expression
was detected upon platelet activation. GARP cKO revealed unaltered
hematological parameters and their platelets had normal surface glycoprotein expression. Furthermore, GARP cKO platelets displayed
normal activation and aggregation responses compared to their controls. In vivo, GARP deficiency on platelets did not affect the tail
bleeding time (n = 10) nor the occlusion time in the carotid (n = 10) or
mesenteric artery (n = 10) thrombosis model.
Conclusion: These results provide evidence that murine platelet GARP
is not required for a normal platelet function in thrombosis and hemostasis. Whether GARP on endothelial cells might influence thrombus
formation is currently under investigation.
PO402-MON
Construction of expression system for biologically
functional recombinant rhodocytin
Sasaki T1, Tamura S1, Shirai T1, Tsukiji N1, Satoh K2, SuzukiInoue K1 and Ozaki Y1
1
Yamanashi; 2Division of Laboratory Medicine, University of
Yamanashi Hospital, Chuo, Japan
Background: C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC-2) has been identified
as a receptor for rhodocytin, a platelet activating snake venom from
Calloselasma rhodostoma. Binding of rhodocytin to CLEC-2 initiates a
signaling cascade leading to platelet activation and aggregation. Rhodocytin is secreted as a heterodimeric C-type lectin-like protein consisting of alpha- and beta- subunit with a disulfide bond. In general, snake
venoms have been frequently used for research in thrombosis and hemostasis and have greatly contributed to the development of the
research. Most of these venom proteins are purified from venom
gland. Since the availability of snake venoms is limited, it is important
to produce the recombinant snake venom proteins for research. It has
not been reported the production of recombinant rhodocytin (rRhodocytin).
Aims: The aim of this study is to produce full-functional rRhodocytin
with activity of platelet aggregation.
Methods: We constructed expression vectors containing reported gene
sequence of rhodocytin that were optimized for expression in mamma 2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997
407
lian cells. These expression vectors were transfected into CHO cells by
electroporation. Medium and cell lysate were collected at 3 days after
electroporation and analyzed for these recombinant proteins.
Results: Western blotting with anti-rhodocytin antibody showed that
rRhodocytin was secreted to the medium only when alpha and betasubunits were transfected together, suggesting that a disulfide bond is
required for secretion. FACS analysis showed that rRhodocytin bound
to 293 TREx cells expressing CLEC-2, but not their parental cells.
rRhodocytin induced aggregation of human platelets and CLEC-2+/+
murine platelets, but not CLEC-2/ platelets.
Conclusion: We successfully generated the rRhodocytin that was able
to aggregate platelets via CLEC-2. rRhodocytin can be used not only
as a research tool but also as a lead protein in order to develop antiCLEC-2 medicine, which is now under investigation.
PO403-MON
Localization of ZN2+ in dense granules of human
platelets and the extent of its release upon platelet
activation
Henderson SJ1, Pluthero FG2, Stafford AR3, Zhou J3,
Vaezzadeh N4, Ni R4, Fredenburgh JC3, Kahr WH2 and Weitz JI1
1
Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Thrombosis and
Hamilton; 2Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/
Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto,
Toronto; 3Medicine; 4Medical Sciences, Thrombosis and
Hamilton, Canada
Background: Zn2+ released from platelets modulates the contact pathway, fibrinolysis and other hemostatic processes. Platelet Ca2+ is
stored in dense granules, and according to previous reports, Zn2+ is
stored in alpha granules.
Aims: To clarify the site of Zn2+ storage in platelets and quantify
release during activation.
Methods: Platelets were live-stained with combinations of FluoZin3AM, MitoTracker deep red and calcium orange, fixed and stained with
wheat germ agglutinin prior to imaging via high resolution fluorescence microscopy to determine subcellular localization of Zn2+, Ca2+
and mitochondria. To measure Zn2+ release, platelets were activated
with thrombin and collagen or subjected to sonication, and Zn2+ and
ADP in the releasates and lysates were quantified via atomic absorption spectroscopy and a fluorometric assay, respectively. Zn2+ content
before and after activation was also quantified via flow cytometry.
Results: Imaging of resting platelets localized Zn2+ to 1-4 foci per
platelet, while Ca2+ was localized to the dense granules and cytoplasm. Colocalization was only observed in dense granules. Zn2+ was
not observed in the mitochondria, cytoplasm or the open canalicular
system. Total and releasable Zn2+ in 109 platelets mL1 were 27 11
and 14 1 lM respectively, corresponding to release of ~ 5 lM Zn2+
in blood. ADP concentration in releasate was 12 8 lM, consistent
with complete dense degranulation. Under flow cytometry the FluoZin3-AM fluorescence intensity was significantly (P < 0.001) reduced
by 54 2% after platelet activation, confirming that about half of
platelet Zn2+ is releasable.
Conclusion: Zn2+ is packaged with Ca2+ in the dense granules of
human platelets, and half the cellular content is releasable upon activation. Thus, platelet activation at sites of arterial injury has the potential to modulate hemostatic processes by substantially increasing local
Zn2+ concentration.
408
ABSTRACTS
PO404-MON
Neutrophils contribute to the generation of
procoagulant platelets by a myeloperoxidase
independent mechanism
Pasalic L1,2, Abeynaike L1, Glaros E3,4, Thomas S3, Hogg P1 and
Chen V1,5
1
Prince of Wales Clinical School, University Of New South
Wales; 2Haematology, ICPMR, Pathology West; 3School of
Medical Sciences; 4Centre for Vascular Research, University Of
New South Wales; 5SEALS Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital,
Sydney, Australia
Background: The procoagulant subset of highly activated platelets has
been associated with increased pathological thrombotic states such as
ischaemic stroke and sepsis. Increased generation of reactive oxygen
species has been implicated in procoagulant platelet formation, thus
we postulated a role for activated neutrophils and in particular neutrophil myeloperoxidase (MPO) in procoagulant platelet associated
occlusive thrombosis. We have shown a novel marker for procoagulant platelets, trivalent arsenical GSAO, identifies procoagulant,
necrotic platelets in a whole blood flow cytometry assay and enables
direct visualisation of fibrin supporting platelets in occlusive thrombi
after 8% FeCl3 injury.
Aims: We used GSAO to study the role of activated neutrophils
and MPO in generation of procoagulant platelets in vitro and
in vivo.
Methods: Thrombus formation in the 8% FeCl3 model of thrombosis
in the murine cremasteric arterial circulation was visualised using high
speed confocal intravital microscopy in presence of anti-fibrin, antiCD42b and GSAO. Neutrophil depletion was achieved by 48 h exposure to 1A8 anti-Ly6G.
Results: Compared with controls, neutrophil depleted mice demonstrated decreased GSAO+ platelets, decreased occlusive thrombi and
reduction in fibrin formation indicating a role for neutrophils in formation of procoagulant platelets in vivo. We examined whether the
mechanism for this neutrophil effect involved MPO and downstream
oxidants. However, ex-vivo addition of HOCl to washed human platelets did not induce formation of procoagulant platelets. We further
investigated murine models of altered MPO levels and found no difference in procoagulant platelet formation in MPO-/- mice versus WT
C57Bl6 controls; and no difference in mice exposed to increased circulating MPO via 30 day continuous infusion compared with albumin
control mice.
Conclusion: Thus, neutrophils are important for the generation of
procoagulant, fibrin supporting platelets in vivo. However, the mechanism is not via MPO.
PO405-MON
Impaired response to collagen of platelets from
hyperlipidemic mice
van der Stoep M1,2, Snoeren I1, Hoekstra M1, de Groot PhilipG2,
Eck MV1 and Korporaal SJ1,2
1
Division of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug
Research, Leiden; 2Department of Clinical Chemistry and
Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht,
Netherlands
Background: Platelet function is modulated by lipoproteins. Correspondingly, we showed that elevated plasma HDL-cholesterol due to
HDL receptor dysfunction increases platelet cholesterol content which
affects platelet count and reactivity in mice and humans.
Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate platelet responsiveness
under conditions of elevated plasma (V)LDL-cholesterol.
Methods: Experiments were performed with platelets from apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE KO) mice, with elevated plasma (V)LDL-cholesterol (total cholesterol (TC) 396 67 mg dL1), their wildtype
(WT) littermates (32 13 mg dL1), or apoE KO mice transplanted
with WT bone marrow (BM) (46 9 mg dL1).
Results: ApoE deficiency significantly reduced platelet counts. Bone
marrow histology did not show a difference in megakaryocyte number,
indicating that the reduced platelet count may be caused by increased
clearance. Platelets from apoE KO mice contained 5,7-fold more cholesterol than wild-type platelets (P < 0.001). While the response to
PAR-4 peptide was unaltered, activation of integrin aIIbb3 in response
to CRP-XL was significantly reduced for platelets from apoE KO mice
(32% vs. WT, P < 0.05). Similarly, the amount of surface-expressed
P-selectin was 5.7-fold lower after CRP-XL stimulation (P < 0.05).
Normalization of plasma TC by reintroducing apoE KO in hematopoietic cells by WT bone marrow transplantation restored CRP-XLinduced aIIbb3 activation (+126%, P < 0.05 vs. apoE KO BM-transplanted mice). The increased cholesterol content of apoE KO platelets
may be responsible for the observed differences, by changing lipid rafts
to which the collagen receptor GPVI localizes after activation, or by
activating the cellular cholesterol sensor LXR, which affects GPVI signaling.
Conclusion: In vivo, collagen, exposed after vessel wall injury, activates
platelets. Our findings may reflect a protective mechanism to prevent
early platelet activation upon vessel wall injury under hyperlipidemic
conditions.
PO406-MON
Improving the quantification of in vitro thrombus
formation
Claesson K, Fax
alv L and Lindahl TL
ping
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linko
ping, Sweden
University, Linko
Background: The diversity of flow systems and quantification methods
make comparisons between in vitro thrombus formation experiments
difficult. Several parameters can be used for quantification, e.g. surface
coverage, fluorescent intensity or thrombus volume. However, these
parameters may not truly reflect the actual accumulation of platelets
since thrombus volume and coverage measurements does not separate
thrombus increment by platelet accumulation from the volume reducing parallel process of platelet contractility, and fluorescence intensity
measured in a single focal plane at the surface may lead to underestimation of aggregating platelets further out compared to adhering
platelets at the surface. These issues might generate a misrepresentative
result and the need for standardization in this area is high.
Aims: We aimed to construct a robust method for analysing thrombus
formation, providing information on thrombus volume and density of
platelets in the thrombus, thereby also information about platelet contractility.
Methods: Hirudin whole blood was drawn through a 200 lm wide flow
channel with a collagen patch at a wall shear rate of 1400 s-1. The
platelets in 5% of the blood volume were fluorescently labelled and
micrographs were captured using time-lapse and z-stack. A MATLAB-script was used for image analysis and extraction of platelet
number and position in the thrombus.
Results: Labelled platelets were detected and the mean distance to closest neighbours was determined. From this information we calculated
the total number of platelets and estimated the volume of the thrombus. The density of platelets in the thrombus was calculated, yielding
information about the platelet contractility. The volume estimation
was verified with confocal microscopy.
Conclusion: The combined information of platelet number, thrombus
volume and platelet density in the thrombus can give important addi 2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997
ABSTRACTS
tional information regarding thrombus development and lead towards
better standardization.
PO407-MON
RS6929846-dependent regulation of btn2a1
expression in innate and adaptive immune cells affects
platelet reactivity to thrombin
a
^tre E3,
Gori A-S1, Lecut C2, Dmitrieva J1, Delierneux C3, The
3
1
3
Lancellotti P , Georges M and Oury C
1
GIGA-Genetics, University Of Li
ege; 2GIGA-Cardiovascular
Sciences, CHU; 3GIGA-Cardiovascular Sciences, University Of
Liege, Liege, Belgium
Background: Platelet reactivity varies between individuals and this
may in part explain differences in susceptibility to arterial thrombosis
and the associated life-threatening conditions: stroke and myocardial
infarction (MI).
Aims: We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to
identify genetic variants that may account for part of the corresponding variation.
Methods: We measured platelet reactivity for 268 healthy individuals
of Northern European descend following ex vivo stimulation with
ADP, collagen, and thrombin receptor activating peptide (SFLLRN).
All individuals had been genotyped for > 700K SNPs, and transcriptome analysis performed for platelets, CD19 + B lymphocytes,
CD4 + T helper lymphocytes, CD8 + T cytotoxic lymphocytes,
CD14 + monocytes, and CD15 + neutrophils.
Results: We identified three regions exceeding the genome-wide significance level, respectively in 2q22.3 (collagen), 6p22.2 (SFLLRN), and
13q21.31 (collagen). None of the top SNPs were coding variants suggesting regulatory effects. The lead SNP for the 6p22.2 signal
(rs6929846), located within the 50 UTR of the BTN2A1 gene, has previously been associated with several inflammation-related pathologies
including MI. We observed a cis-eQTL with P -value < 105 in CD8,
and CD15 for BTN2A1. The association patterns for SFLLRN-dependent platelet reactivity and BTN2A1 expression were highly correlated
(r~0.9) in the two cell types, strongly suggesting that they are causally
related. To our surprise there was no evidence for a BTN2A1 cis-eQTL
signal in platelets, hence suggesting an indirect effect. The rs6929846 T
allele was associated with decreased reactivity to SFLLRN as well as
with a higher basal level of platelet activation (P = 0.03).
Conclusion: The rs6929846 T allele may affect platelet activation by
regulating the expression of BTN2A1 in T helper lymphocytes and
neutrophils, which may be linked to its demonstrated association with
a pro-inflammatory status and MI.
PO408-MON
Mouse CLEC-2 can support platelet adhesion to mouse
podoplanin under arterial flow
Lombard S1, Harrison MJ1, Lordkipanidz
e M2, Pollitt AY1,
1
1
Rainger GE and Watson SP
1
Cardiovascular Sciences, University Of Birmingham,
Birmingham, UK; 2Research Centre of the Montreal Heart
Institute, Universite de Montr
eal, Montreal, Canada
Background: The C-type lectin receptor CLEC-2 is highly expressed on
the surface of platelets. The CLEC- 2 ligand, Podoplanin, is expressed
on a wide range of cell types including lymphatic endothelial cells but
is not present in the blood vasculature. Podoplanin is also upregulated
during inflammation, including on macrophages and Th17 cells.
409
Recently, we have shown that human Podoplanin supports adhesion

of mouse and human platelets at venous rates of shear. In the present
study we demonstrate the unexpected observation that mouse Podoplanin also supports adhesion and aggregation of mouse platelets at
arterial rates of flow.
Aims: To investigate platelet adhesion to Podoplanin at varying shear
rates.
Methods: Wild type and CLEC-2-deficient mouse blood was flown
over capillaries coated with recombinant mouse Podoplanin at a range
of shear rates. The effect of various inhibitors on platelet adhesion and
aggregation was investigated.
Results: Platelets from mouse blood adhered to recombinant mouse
Podoplanin at low shear rates (100400 s1) and formed aggregates at
higher rates of shear (500 - 1500s1). Adhesion and aggregation were
abolished using CLEC-2-deficient blood. Aggregation was markedly
reduced in the presence of the Src kinase inhibitor Dasatinib, blockers
of integrin aIIbb3 and GpIb-IX-V, and inhibitors of ADP and thromboxane A2 (Cangrelor and indomethacin, respectively). The pathophysiological significance of platelet adhesion and aggregation at high
shear was investigated in an ApoE-/- mouse model. The CLEC-2-/-,
ApoE-/- mice had a significantly higher plaque burden compared to
ApoE-/- on high fat diet.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates the novel observation that Podoplanin can mediate platelet adhesion and aggregation at arteriolar
rates of shear. This may have pathological significance at sites of Podoplanin upregulation during vascular inflammation.
This work was supported by the Wellcome Trust.
PO409-MON
AKT translocation and phosphorylation regulates
platelet aggregation downstream of G12/13 and GI
pathways
Ding Z, Zhang Y, Chen L, Zheng S, Chang L, Hu L and Zhang S
Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Background: Platelet agonists activate platelets directly or indirectly
through G protein coupled receptors (GPCR) coupled to different G
proteins, including Gq, Gi, and G12/13. Previously, two groups found
that coactivation of Gi and G12/13 signaling pathway is sufficient to
induce platelet aggregation. We found that this is true only at high
concentration of agonists.
Aims: To further study platelet aggregation downstream of coactivation of G12/13 and Gi and the underlying mechanism.
Methods: Platelet aggregation was assayed using aspirin-treated
washed platelets from human and mice stimulated with different concentration of 2-MeSADP plus AYPGKF in the presence of Gq inhibitor YM-254890. GTP-bound RhoA and intracellular cAMP were
measured to confirm G12/13 and Gi activation, respectively.
Results: Costimulation of G12/13 and Gi pathways only induces platelet aggregation under higher concentration of agonists. Low concentration of 2-MeSADP plus AYPGKF does not induce platelet
aggregation, though there is simultaneous G12/13 and Gi pathways
activation as evidenced by dramatic cAMP decrease and RhoA activation similar to that induced by high concentration of agonists. Total
Akt phosphorylation (Ser473 and thr308) was observed at both low
and high concentrations of agonists with high concentration elicited
more robust pAkt. Akt translocation was also significantly higher in
the presence of high concentration of agonists compared with the low
concentration. Impressively, membrane Akt phosphorylation was not
observed at low concentration of agonists in contrast to the robust
membrane Akt phosphorylation caused by high concentration.
Finally, we found that PI3k/PAK/Akt pathway mediates platelet
aggregation downstream of Gi and G12/13.
410
ABSTRACTS
Conclusion: Platelet aggregation downstream of coactivation of G12/

13 and Gi pathways depends on agonist concentrations. Membrane
translocated Akt phosphorylation is the convergence point regulating
platelet aggregation downstream of Gi and G12/13 via PI3k/PAK/Akt
pathway.
PO410-MON
Effects of cyclic nucleotides on platelet aggregation
and biological response modifier release induced by
Streptococcus sanguinis strain 2017-78
McNicol A1, Abdulrehman A1, Jackson E2, Israels S3, HamzehCognasse H4 and Cognasse F4,5
1
College of Pharmacy; 2University of Manitoba, Winnipeg,
Canada; 3College of Medicine, University of Manitoba,
Winnipeg, Canada; 4University of Lyon, Lyon; 5Etablissement
Francais du Sang Auvergne-Loire, Saint Etienne, France
Background: Previous studies have shown that Streptococcus sanguinis
(S. sanguinis) strain 2017-78 causes both the aggregation of, and secretion of biological response modifiers (BRMs) from, human platelets.
Epinephrine significantly enhances, in a dose-dependent manner, S.
sanguinis-induced aggregation, but paradoxically inhibits the release of
the BRMs, sCD40L, PF4 and PDGF. In addition, epinephrine has
been reported to inhibit adenylyl cyclase and stimulate guanylate
cyclase activity in platelets.
Aims: The aims of the current study were to determine the stimulation
of adenylyl cyclase and guanylate cyclase on S. sanguinis induced
platelet activation, and to examine any relationship between adenylyl
cyclase and guanylate cyclase on the effects of epinephrine on S. sanguinis induced platelet activation.
Methods: Aggregation of human platelets was determined by increased
light transmission of platelet rich plasma and the release of the BRMs
was quantified by ELISA.
Results: Pre-treatment of platelets with the selective activator of adenylyl cyclase prostacyclin (PGI2; (0.11 lM) inhibited S. sanguinis
strain 2017-78-induced aggregation and this was accompanied by an
inhibition of secretion of sCD40L, PF4 and PDGF, with complete
secretion completely abolished by 1 nM PGI2. The selective activator
of guanylyl cyclase sodium nitroprusside (NaNP) inhibited platelet
aggregation and the secretion PDGF, PF4 and sCD40L in response to
S. sanguinis strain 2017-78, with aggregation and secretion all completely abolished by 1 lM NaNP. The inhibitory action of epinephrine
on strain 2017-78-induced release of PDGF, PF4 and sCD40L was
unaffected by pre-treatment with either PGI2 or NaNP.
Conclusion: As epinephrine, which decreases adenylyl cyclase activity,
and PGI2, which increases adenylyl cyclase activity, both attenuate the
release of BRMs, it is unlikely that adenylyl cyclase is responsible for
the control of BRM release.
PO411-MON
Combined roles of factor XIIIA and glycoprotein IIB/
IIIA in platelet-driven fibrin formation
Mattheij NJ1, Swieringa F1, Berny-Lang MA2, May F3, van der
Meijden P1, Suylen DP1, Nolte MW3, Hackeng TM1,
McCarty OJ2, Heemskerk JW1 and Cosemans JM1
1
Biochemistry, CARIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht,
Netherlands; 2Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science
University, Portland, USA; 3CSL Behring GmbH, Marburg,
Germany
Background: Functional studies suggest roles for coated platelets in the
local assembly of a-granular proteins and the stimulation of thrombin
generation. Yet, whether the high fibrin(ogen) binding on coated platelets is of functional significance is unclear.
Aims: We investigated the roles of the transglutaminase factor XIIIa
(FXIIIa), and GPIIb/IIIa in coated platelet formation and function.
Methods: Washed human platelets were stimulated with combinations
of thrombin and the collagen receptor agonist convulxin. Platelets in
plasma were activated with tissue factor plus CaCl2. Subpopulations
of coated platelets were identified by dual-color flow cytometry, using
fluorescent fibrinogen and a transglutaminase-dependent probe, A14
a2-antiplasmin (A14-aAP). Whole blood from FXIIIa-deficient mice
was used for flow perfusion studies.
Results: Stimulation of washed platelets with convulxin/thrombin
resulted in a platelet population binding annexin A5 (indicative for
PS exposure), factor Va and factor Xa. This population persistently
showed high fibrinogen binding, but gradually decreased PAC-1
mAb binding, indicating slow inactivation of GPIIb/IIIa. In addition, they stained positively for fibrin and time-dependently incorporated A14-aAP in a FXIIIa-dependent way. Markedly, the high
fibrin(ogen) binding was only antagonized by combined inhibition
of GPIIb/IIIa and transglutaminase activity. In tissue factor-triggered platelet-rich plasma, high (fibrin)ogen binding was dependent
on GPIIb/IIIa and FXIII. In whole blood perfusion, platelet-driven
fibrin formation was abolished by GPIIb/IIIa blockage in FXIIIadeficient mice. In congenital FXIII-deficient plasma fibrin formation
on the platelet surface under flow was unchanged due to rescue by
platelet-released FXIII.
Conclusion: Coated platelets, with initial GPIIb/IIIa activation and
subsequent transglutaminase activity, collect multiple coagulation proteins and nucleate fibrin fiber formation in a FXIIIa-dependent way.
Disclosure of Interest: N. Mattheij: None declared, F. Swieringa: None
declared, M. Berny-Lang: None declared, F. May Employee of: CSL
Behring GmbH, P. van der Meijden: None declared, D. Suylen: None
declared, M. Nolte Employee of: CSL Behring GmbH, T. Hackeng:
None declared, O. McCarty: None declared, J. Heemskerk: None
declared, J. Cosemans: None declared.
PO412-MON
Pivotal role of SGK1 in the regulation of platelet
secretory proteome, dense granule biogenesis and
secretion
nzer P1, Schmidt E-M1,2,
Walker B1,2, Schmid E2, Russo A2, Mu
Burk O3, Velic A4, Macek B4, Schaller M5, Schwab M3,
Seabra MC6, Gawaz M1, Lang F2 and Borst O1,2
1
Department Of Cardiology And Cardiovascular Medicine;
2
Department of Physiology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen;
3
Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute for Clinical Pharmacology,
ubingen; 5Department of
Stuttgart; 4ProteomCenterT
Dermatology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany;
6
Molecular Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial
College London, London, UK
Background: Platelet secretion is critical to the development of acute
thrombotic occlusion. Platelet dense granules contain a variety of
important hemostatically active substances. Nevertheless, biogenesis
of platelet granules is poorly understood. SGK1 has been shown to be
highly expressed in platelets and megakaryocytes, but its role in the
regulation of platelet granule biogenesis and its impact on thrombosis
has not been investigated so far.
Aims: The present study explored the role of SGK1 in the regulation
of platelet secretory proteome, dense granule biogenesis and secretion
and its impact on thrombus formation in vivo.
Methods: Electron microscopy; Proteomics; ATP-release; FACS and
PCR anlaysis; in vivo adhesion and thrombus formation.
ABSTRACTS
Results: Analysis of platelet ultrastructure revealed significant reduction in the number and packaging of dense granules in platelets lacking
SGK1 (sgk1/). In sgk1/ platelets serotonin content was significantly reduced and activation-dependent secretion of ATP, serotonin
and CD63 was significantly impaired. In vivo adhesion of platelets was
significantly decreased in platelets lacking SGK1 and in vivo occlusive
thrombus formation was significantly diminished in sgk1/ mice. Proteomic analysis identified 10 vesicular transport proteins, including
Rab27b, regulated by SGK1 which were significantly downregulated
in sgk1/ platelets. Transcript levels and protein abundance of
Rab27b were significantly reduced in sgk1/ platelets without affecting Rab27b mRNA stability. Sgk1/ megakaryocytes showed significantly reduced expression of Rab27b and serotonin/CD63 levels
compared to sgk1+/+ megakaryocytes.
Conclusion: The present observations unraveled SGK1 as a novel powerful regulator of several platelet vesicular transport proteins affecting
platelet dense granule biogenesis, platelet secretion and thrombus formation. SGK1 exerts its effects at least partially by regulating transcription of Rab27b in megakaryocytes.
PO413-MON
Impact of elevated shear stress on integrin LPHAIIB
beta3 ligand interaction
Gyenes M, Stoldt VR and Scharf RE
University Medical Center & Biological Medical Research Center,
Dusseldorf, Germany
Background: Shear stress can activate platelets leading to increased
platelet aggregation in association with diverse vascular diseases.
aIIbb3-mediated signaling is directly involved in this process. We
examined how shear stress effects the aIIbb3ligand interaction detecting the signaling of Src and FAK tyrosine kinases in fibrinogen-adherent human platelets.
Aims: We compared Src and FAK signaling between fibrinogen-adherent platelets and platelets on BSA matrix in response to shear stress
with and without the aIIbb3-antagonist abciximab.
Methods: Adhesion assays were performed on a cone-plate viscometer
with 100 lg mL-1 of immobilized fibrinogen or 1% BSA using washed
human platelets. Specific phosphorylation of Src (Y418) and FAK
(Y397) were determined by Western blotting.
Results: In response to abnormal shear rates (5000 s1), platelets
adherent onto fibrinogen exhibited 3-fold higher activities of Src and
FAK signaling after 2 min incubation time than platelets under static
conditions (P < 0.05). No such effect was seen at a shear rate of 500
s1. Shear stress alone induced platelet signaling with considerably
higher kinase activities at a shear rate of 5000 s1 (10-fold increase,
P < 0.05) compared to 500 s1. While Src activation in platelets
exposed to 5000 s1 over BSA was about half as high as that in platelets exposed to 5000 s1 on immobilized fibrinogen, FAK signaling in
platelets was similar under both conditions. Incubation with abciximab inhibited Src and FAK signaling in platelets at 5000 s1 both on
fibrinogen and BSA (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: Abnormally high shear stress significantly increases platelet signaling compared to platelets under static conditions. While Src
activation remains ligand-dependent in fibrinogen-adherent platelets
even under shear stress, FAK signalling can be directly induced by
shear. Abciximab significantly inhibits signaling even in the absence of
fibrinogen indicating an important role of aIIb3 in shear-induced
platelet activation.
411
PO414-MON
Platelet function is regulated by acetylation and
deacetylation mechanisms controlled by sirtuins
Latorre AM1, Santos MT1, Valles J1, Dasi MA2 and Moscardo A1
1
Thrombosis, Hemostasis, Atherosclerosis and Vascular Biology,
IIS La Fe; 2Unit of Pediatric Hematology, La Fe Hospital,
Valencia, Spain
Background: Protein acetylation is regulated by the activity of acetyl
transferases and deacetylases (including sirtuins). The role of sirtuins
on platelet function is unknown.
Aims: To explore the presence and role of sirtuins on platelet function.
Methods: We used washed platelets of healthy subjects who had not
been given any medication. Inhibitors of sirtuins (sirt): cambinol (sirt1
and sirt2 inhibitor), AGK2 (specific of sirt2), sirtinol (specific of sirt1),
and trichostatin A (inhibitor of non-sirtuin deacetylases). Platelets
were stimulated with collagen, thrombin or U46619. Aggregation was
studied by optical aggregometry, dense granule release (14C-serotonin),
level of cytosolic calcium in platelets labeled with FURA 2AM, and
acetylation or phosphorylation of proteins by immunoblotting using
specific antibodies.
Results: Inhibition of sirtuins with cambinol resulted in a remarkable
reduction of platelet responses (aggregation, granule release and cytosolic calcium (P < 0.05)). Inhibition of sirt2 produced a similar inhibition of platelet function as cambinol, while the inhibition of sirt1or the
non-sirtuin deacetylases had scarce effect. The presence of sirt2 in
platelets, but not of sirt1, was demonstrated by immunodetection and
confirmed by the presence of mRNA. Inhibition of sirt2 increased the
acetylation of Akt, which in turn resulted in the blocking of agonistinduced Akt phosphorylation, a marker of its activity. In contrast,
erk1/2 acetylation was not affected by treatments. Aggregation
induced time-dependent changes in the acetylation pattern of proteins
and increased sirt2 phosphorylation, a regulatory mechanism of sirt2
activity, as well as a time-dependent deacetylation of Akt.
Conclusion: The study reveals the presence of sirt2 in platelets and the
central role of acetylation of proteins regulated by sirt2 on platelet
function.
Grants: IIS Carlos III. Fondos FEDER PI13/00016. Red Cardiovascular [RD12/0042/0003]. FETH.
PO415-MON
Fibrin stimulates spreading and activation of platelets
through GPVI
Alshehri OM1, Hughes CE1, Montague S1, Frampton J2 and
Watson SP1
1
Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Institute of Biomedical
Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, The University
of Birmingham; 2School of Immunity and Infection, Medical
School Building, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, The
Background: Fibrin is formed from soluble fibrinogen by the action of
thrombin. As the final product of the coagulation cascade, it plays a
crucial role in the formation of stable thrombi. Glycoprotein (GP) VI,
the major collagen receptor, has been shown to play a role in embolization of thrombi, which is paradoxical as collagen is only found at
the base of a thrombus.
Aims: We hypothesise that GPVI may be a novel fibrin receptor.
Methods: Protein tyrosine phosphorylation, and spreading of human
and mouse platelets was investigated using established techniques.
Results: Thrombin stimulated a marked in tyrosine phosphorylation in
washed human platelets that were allowed to aggregate. Tyrosine
phosphorylation was reduced in the presence of the aIIbb3 blocker,
eptifibatide, and blocked in the presence of GPRP (single amino acid
412
ABSTRACTS
code), which blocks fibrin formation. Immunoprecipitation and Western blotting studies identified Syk and the FcR g-chain as major phosphorylated proteins. Similar results were observed in washed mouse
platelets. An increase in tyrosine phosphorylation including in
response to thrombin was also observed in GPIIb-deficient mice platelets which was also blocked by GPRP. This increase was absent in
GPVI-FcR g-chain-deficient mouse platelets. Moreover, platelets
spread on fibrin-coated surfaces to a greater extent than those on
fibrinogen-coated surfaces. This was not the case for GPVI-deficient
platelets or in the presence of a Src kinase inhibitor.
Conclusion: These results show that fibrin activates GPVI independently of aIIbb3. This may explain the increase in embolization in the
absence of GPVI at arterial rates of shear.
PO416-MON
KINDLIN-2 in megakaryocyte and platelet functions
Ghalloussi D1, Dillard P2, Chicanne G3, Payrastre B3, Nurden AT4,
Baccini V1, Limozin L2, Alessi M-C1 and Canault M1
1
Lab. NORT, UMR1062 Inserm, Aix-Marseille Universit
e; 2Lab.
3
Adhesion and Inflammation, Inserm, Marseille; Inserm/UPS
UMR 1048 - I2MC, UMR Inserm 1048, Inserm, Toulouse; 4Inserm
UMR_1034, Inserm, Pessac, France
Background: Kindlins (1, 2 and 3) play crucial roles in integrin activation processes by directly interacting with b-subunits. In platelets and
megakaryocytes (MKs), kindlin-3 (K3) is the major form present,
kindlin-1 has never been detected and kindlin-2 (K2) has been reported
in platelets.
Aims: Our goal was to study K2 expression and function in MKs and
platelets.
Methods: Kindlins localization in MKs and platelets were performed
using confocal and total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy.
Lentiviral transduction allowed us to study K2 overexpression in
CMK cells. Kindlins phosphorylation was studied after immune-precipitation followed by western-blot analysis.
Results: In humans, we confirmed K2 expression in platelets and
showed its presence in bone marrow resident megakaryocytes. We further demonstrated that, as K3, K2 expression increases during human
megakaryocytic cell lines (HEL, Meg-01 and CMK) differentiation. In
fibrinogen adhering CMK, K2 co-localizes with b3-integrins and is
grouped in specific areas at the tip of F-actin fibers (focal adhesion).
This K2 clusters are not observed in collagen-adhering CMK. Furthermore, K3 is absent from the F-actin fiber tips, the focal adhesion and
does not co-localize with K2. These data suggest distinct roles for K2
and K3 in the aIIbb3 integrin adhesion and spreading processes. K2
overexpression in differentiated CMK leads to significant decrease in
adhesion and spreading over immobilized fibrinogen as well as collagen and fibronectin. Furthermore, reduced CMK aggregation in
response to PMA was noticed upon K2 overexpression.
In fibrinogen-adhering platelets, K2 localizes along the F-actin fibers
within lamellipodia. Upon platelet activation and adhesion to fibrinogen, not only K3 but also K2 is phosphorylated on serine/threonine
and tyrosine residues respectively.
Conclusion: Altogether, these results indicate participation of K2 in
both outside-in and inside-out integrin signaling pathways.
PO417-MON
THE PRO33 (HPA-1B) isoform of integrin lphaiib
beta3 is indeed a prothrombotic receptor variant
Scharf RE, Gyenes M and Stoldt VR
University Medical Center, and Biological Medical Research
Center, Dusseldorf, Germany
Background: The HPA-1 polymorphism of the b3 gene of aIIbb3 arises
from a leucine ? proline exchange at residue 33 of the mature b3 subunit, resulting in HPA-1a (Leu33) or HPA-1b (Pro33) platelets. Using
a case-only design in patients with coronary artery disease, we have
documented that carriers of HPA-1b experience their myocardial
infarction 5.2 years (median) earlier than HPA-1a/1a patients.
Aims: To explore the genotype-phenotype relation, functional and biochemical properties of HPA-1b (Pro33) platelets were studied in vitro.
Methods: Shear-induced cell adhesion onto immobilized fibrinogen
was examined by digital imaging of fluorescently tagged platelets or
transfected CHO cells expressing either isoform of aIIbb3, using an
established model simulating arterial flow conditions. Specific phosphorylation of Src was determined by Western blotting and quantified
by densitometry.
Results: At a shear rate of 1500 sec1, adhesion activity (in PPACK
blood) and thrombus formation (in citrated blood) of Pro33 platelets
was increased 2.5-fold compared with homozygous Leu33 platelets
(P < 0.01). Analysis of Src, a tyrosine kinase constitutively associated
with aIIbb3, revealed that activation of the phosphotyrosine motif at
residue 418 was 4-fold higher in adherent Pro33 than Leu33 platelets
(P < 0.01). Likewise, in transfected CHO cell clones expressing either
isoform of aIIbb3, adherent Pro33 cells exhibited a 3-fold higher level
of Src pY418 than Leu33 cells (P < 0.05). Upon exposure of adherent
aIIbb3-CHO cells to stepwise increasing shear rates (up to 1500 sec1)
over 10 min, the Pro33 variant displayed a higher adhesion stability
than the Leu33 isoform. The rate of residual adherent cells was
82 5% with Pro33 and 25 4% with Leu33 cells, as compared to
baseline (100%; P < 0.0001).
Conclusion: Pro33 platelets are characterized by increased adhesion
activity, increased thrombus stability, and increased outside-in signaling corresponding to their prothrombotic phenotype.
PO418-MON
The PRO33 variant of platelet LPHAIIB beta3:
allosteric changes resulting from a point mutation in
the integrin ectodomain are associated with a
prothrombotic receptor phenotype
Pagani G1, Ventura Pereira JP2, Homeyer N1, Stoldt VR2,
Gohlke H1 and Scharf RE2
1
Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry,
Heinrich Heine University; 2Department of Experimental and
Clinical Hemostasis, Hemotherapy, and Transfusion Medicine,
Heinrich Heine University Medical Center, and Biological
Medical Research Center, Dusseldorf, Germany
Background: The Pro33 variant (also designated HPA-1b) of platelet
integrin aIIbb3 arises from a prolin ? leucin exchange at residue 33 of
the b3 subunit and can have prothrombotic properties. Thus, Pro33
platelets display increased adhesion, increased thrombus stability, and
increased outside-in signaling.
Aims: To explore the nature of this phenotype and underlying mechanisms at an atomic level, we have now 1) generated a model expressing
fluorescent proteins fused with aIIbb3 in transfected cells and 2) performed molecular dynamics simulations of the integrin ectodomain.
ABSTRACTS
Methods: Transfected and fluorescently tagged HEK293 cells stably
expressing either Leu33 or Pro33 of aIIbb3 were generated. Cyan or
yellow fluorescent proteins (CFP; YFP) were cloned to the C-termini
of the aIIb or b3 subunit prior to transfection. To explore conformational changes in the cytoplasmic tails upon integrin activation, measurements by FRET were performed. Molecular dynamics simulations
in explicit solvent of in total 1 ls length were applied to study consequences of the Pro33Leu exchange on structure and dynamics of
aIIbb3.
Results: Upon activation by outside-in signaling, FRET analyses indi of the cytoplasmic
cated a more extended spatial separation (> 100 A)
tails (aIIb-CFP; b3-YFP) in Pro33 than in Leu33 cell clones
(P = 0.003). Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that the Pro33
isoform of aIIbb3 is, in line with its phenotypic properties, more easily
activatable, as compared to Leu33. In atomic detail, the simulations
indicated that the Pro33 variant results in a loss of stabilizing interactions of the PSI domain in the head region with the nearby EGF-I and
EGF-II domains located in the leg region of aIIbb3, allowing the protein to open and become active more rapidly.
Conclusion: These results provide insights on how a point mutation at
away from any binding site in aIIbb3 can allosteria position > 90 A
cally affect the fine-tuned structural dynamics of the integrin.
PO419-MON
Vascular smooth muscle cells stimulate platelets via
CLEC-2: involvement of intracellular and extracellular
ligangs of CLEC-2
Suzuki-Inoue K1, Inoue O2, Tsukiji N1 and Ozaki Y1
1
Department of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine; 2Infection
Control Office, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
Background: At the site of plaque erosion and late stent thrombosis,
vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are supposed to be exposed to
blood flow.
Aims: To investigate whether VSMCs activates platelets and if this is
the case, its mechanism.
Methods: Described in the Result.
Results: Cultured VSMCs did not induce platelet aggregation, but
granule release. Thrombus formation was observed when whole
blood flowed onto immobilized VSMCs. These VSMC-induced
platelet activation were significantly inhibited in C-type lectin-like
receptor 2 (CLEC-2)-deficient mice, suggesting that VSMCs activates platelets via CLEC-2. Binding of recombinant CLEC-2
(rCLEC-2) to VSMCs was confirmed by flowcytometry and immunocytochemistry, but VSMCs did not express podoplanin, an
endogenous ligand of CLEC-2. Protein array detected S100A13 as a
rCLEC-2 binding protein. Biacore showed that S100A13 dosedependently bound to rCLEC-2. Adhesion of CLEC-2-deficient
platelets to immobilized S100A13 was significantly inhibited, suggsting that S100A13 binds to CLEC-2. S100A13 did not induce
platelet aggregation, but immobilized S100A13 potentiated thrombus formation on the collagen-coated surfaces under flow. However,
flowcytometry revealed that S100A13 was not expressed on the surface of intact VSMCs, although intracellular expression was confirmed by Western blotting, suggesting that there is other ligand of
CLEC-2 responsible for VSMCs-induced platelet activation. Since
S100A13 is known to be expresssed on damaged cell surface, we
examined the effect of the oxidative stress with H2O2 on VSMCs.
Pretreatment of VSMCs with H2O2 induced surface expression of
S100A13. Histological analysis showed that S100A13 was expressed
in the lumen area, which is exposed to blood flow, in the atherosclerotic vessel wall from ApoE-deficient mice, but not in the normal vessel wall.
413
Conclusion: S100A13 released from VSMCs and other CLEC-2 ligand

on the surface of VSMCs may contribute to thrombus formation at
the site of plaque erosion and stent thrombosis in vivo.
PO420-MON
Platelet-Fibrin Thrombi can kill stenotrophomonas
maltophili
Stoldt VR and Scharf RE
University Medical Center, and Biological Medical Research
Center, Heinrich Heine University, Dusseldorf, Germany
Background: Platelet a-granules contain antimicrobial polypeptides,
collectively designated platelet microbicidal proteins (PMP). PMP processing and release take place upon platelet activation by agonists.
Gram-negative, multi-drug resistant S. maltophilia is an opportunistic
pathogen, particularly among hospitalized patients. S. maltophilia
infections are associated with high morbidity and mortality in
immuno-compromised individuals.
Aims: Can platelets kill S. maltophilia, especially upon thrombininduced thrombus formation?
Methods: Prior to activation with thrombin (0.1 U mL1) for 30 min
at 37 C, incubation of washed platelets, PRP (9 lL, 2.5 9 105 platelets lL1) or PPP (control) was performed with 1 lL of S. maltophilia
culture (2 9 108 colony forming unit mL1) for 4 min at RT. To
determine killing of bacteria within the thrombi, clots and aggregates
were lysed with 0.05 U mL1 protease K and 1% saponin for 10 min
at RT. Before platting onto soya extract solid medium, probes were
sonicated for 30 s. Controls were performed without addition of
thrombin, protease K or saponin. Platelet-bacteria interaction, complete lysis of platelet-bacteria aggregates and killing of bacteria were
visualized by confocal laser scanning microscopy (LSM). For this purpose, platelets and bacteria had been fluorescently stained with cell
tracker CMTMR, mepacrine, Syto 9, or propidium iodide, respectively.
Results: As shown by LSM, washed platelets can kill S. maltophilia in
thrombin-induced platelet aggregates. To determine the amount of
killed bacteria, aggregates were lysed by protease K and saponin. Neither protease K nor 1% saponin influenced the cfu. Thrombin-induced
platelet aggregates reduced cfu of S. maltophilia by > 80% (P < 0.05),
while unstimulated platelets reduced cfu by 40%, both in comparison
with otherwise equally treated PPP.
Conclusion: Platelets can kill S. maltophilia. Platelet-fibrin thrombi
may form a trap for bacteria and thus promote killing of bacteria by
platelets.
PO421-MON
Engineering platelets for the delivery of RNA
Novakowski S1,2, Chan V1,2, Law S1 and Kastrup C1,2
1
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; 2Micheal Smith
Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
Background: Local delivery of therapeutics to sites of damage within
blood vessels remains a major challenge in managing hemorrhage and
cardiovascular disease. Nature has in part overcome this challenge by
using platelets as delivery vehicles for small molecules and biological
macromolecules that regulate coagulation and inflammation. Platelets
receive a large number of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and microRNAs
(miRNAs) during formation from megakaryocytes, and have been
414
ABSTRACTS
shown to alter protein expression in nearby endothelial cells through

the release and transfer of RNA-containing microparticles. The natural role of platelets as delivery vehicles provides strong motivation for
utilizing these cells as carriers of RNA-based therapeutic agents.
Aims: My project aims to use nanoliposomes to directly introduce
RNA to platelets for the release and delivery of this RNA to other cells
types following platelet activation, leading to altered gene expression
in the recipient cells.
Methods: To complete this aim, purified, in vitro transcribed RNA was
encapsulated within nanoliposomes, and incubated with platelets
ex vivo to allow for uptake. Flow cytometry and quantitative PCR
were used to measure the platelets ability to endocytose and release
the liposomes and RNA.
Results: Using this approach, I have shown that exogenous RNA can
be delivered to platelets via endocytosis, and this RNA is controllably
released during platelet activation. Both premature miRNA and
mRNA can be delivered to and released by the platelets. Future work
will focus on testing whether this RNA can be transferred to and utilized in the target cells.
Conclusion: This is a novel approach for the delivery of RNA to platelets, and has many potential long-term applications depending on the
type of RNA encapsulated within liposomes. For example, it may be
possible to use this technology to create platelets that can be used to
treat and heal atherosclerotic plaques by delivering miRNA against
mediators of inflammation.
PO422-MON
Inhibition of sorbitol dehydrogenase increases
platelets adhesion in mice treated with fidarestat
Flores-Nascimento M, Zapponi KCS, Ferreira RA, Siqueira LH,
Fornari TA, Mazetto BM, Orsi FLA, De Paula EV and AnnichinoBizzacchi JM
Haemostasis Laboratory, University Of Campinas, Campinas,
Brazil
Background: A previous proteomic study on platelets obtained from 3
spontaneous and recurrent proximal deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
patients, 1 sibling and 1 neighbor for each patient showed that sorbitol
dehidrogenase (SORD) was present only in platelets from patients and
absent in siblings and neighbors.
Aims: We analyzed the gene expression of SORD in the same group of
individuals, as well as the influence of the inhibition of SORD with fidarestat in mice platelets adhesion.
Methods: qPCR was performed on platelets RNA after exclusion of
leukocyte contamination. Fidarestat (10 mg kg1) or 5% arabic
gum was added to 24 C57Bl6 mice. Platelets were washed in Krebs
buffer and adjusted to 1.2 9 108 lL1 before addition to plates precovered with 50 lg mL1 fibrinogen, with and without 50 mU of
thrombin. Adherent platelets were calculated comparing results to a
standard curve.
Results: On qPCR, the gene expression of SORD was increased in
patients (1x) in comparison to siblings (0.51x), but similar to neighbors
(0.77x). The adhesion of platelets unstimulated was similar between
both groups of animals (fidarestat:41.6; 2.591.6; SD=25.9; controls:45; 9.891.3; SD:22.6; P:0.69), but after stimulation with thrombin, platelets from treated animals presented increased adhesion
(median:74.4; 42.998.8; SD:24) when compared to controls (median:
43.9; 13.648.2; SD:12.1; P:0.01).
Conclusion: The increase of SORD gene expression in patients in comparison to all the controls can corroborate the involvement of this protein on DVT physiology. The inhibition of SORD with fidarestat
increased platelets adhesion only after stimulation with thrombin. Our
hypothesis is that SORD may be a protective protein based on the
increased gene expression, protein levels and adherent properties after
thrombogenic stimuli, and may be an attempt to reduce platelet function and minimize the damage.
PO423-MON
The RAP1-GAP RASA3 prevents clearance of
circulating platelets
Casari C1,2, Paul DS1,2, Stefanini L1,2,3, Boulaftali Y1,2,
Campbell RA4, Kechele DO5, Caron KM5, Weyrich AS4,6,
Cowley DO7, Parrott MC8, Peters L9 and Bergmeier W1,2
1
Biochemistry and Biophysics; 2McAllister Heart Instutute,
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA;
3
of Reading, Reading, UK; 4The Molecular Medicine Program,
University of Utah, Salt Lake City; 5Cell Biology and Physiology,
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill;
6
Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City;
7
Animal Models Core; 8Radiology, University of North Carolina
at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill; 9The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor,
USA
Background: The small GTPase RAP1 is critical for platelet activation
and thrombus formation. RAP1 activity is controlled by guanine
nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins
(GAPs). Proteomics and transcriptomics studies identified RASA3 as
the most abundant RAP1-GAP in platelets.
Aims: To elucidate the contribution of RASA3 to megakaryocytes and
platelet function.
Methods: Mice lacking RASA3 in all cells (Rasa3/) or in megakaryocytes/platelets only (PF4-Cre+Rasa3 fl/fl) were generated. Mice
with very low RASA3 expression due to a missense mutation
(p.H794L, Rasa3hlb/hlb) were also identified. The effect of impaired
RASA3 expression on platelet production and survival was evaluated.
Results: Rasa3/ and PF4-Cre+Rasa3 fl/fl mice exhibited severe
thrombocytopenia, embryonic hemorrhage, and high embryonic/perinatal lethality. Rasa3hlb/hlb mice exhibited less severe thrombocytopenia and normal survival. Megakaryocyte numbers were elevated in the
bone marrow and spleen of Rasa3hlb/hlb mice. Proliferation and ex vivo
proplatelet formation were comparable between wild type and
Rasa3hlb/hlb megakaryocytes. However, circulating platelets were preactivated and their half-life was strongly reduced. Concomitant genetic
deletion of CalDAG-GEFI restored platelet count and platelet halflife in Rasa3hlb/hlb mice. Cleared Rasa3hlb/hlb platelets predominantly
accumulated in the spleen and liver, but both splenectomy and macrophage depletion with clodronate-liposomes had only a mild effect on
the peripheral platelet count of Rasa3hlb/hlb mice.
Conclusion: These studies identify RASA3 as a critical inhibitor of
platelet activation. Impaired expression of RASA3 causes premature
platelet activation and clearance in mice. Preliminary studies suggest
that platelet clearance occurs independently of macrophages in the
spleen and liver. Other potential clearance mechanisms are currently
under investigation.
PO424-MON
Biomechanics of blood clot contraction
Tutwiler V1,2, Wang H1, Litvinov RI1, Weisel JW1 and Shenoy V1
1
University of Pennsylvania; 2Drexel University, Philadelphia,
USA
Background: Despite the importance of blood clot contraction, it is a
poorly understood mechanical process driven by forces generated by
ABSTRACTS
platelet contractile proteins. The process consists of the volume shrinkage of the initial size of the platelet-fibrin meshwork resulting in compression and deformation of red blood cells (RBCs).
Aims: Elucidation of the mechanical response and mechanism of contracting clots with and without RBCs through the use of a mathematical model.
Methods: The kinetics of clot contraction was quantified using an optical analyzer system, and the mechanical response and contractile force
was measured using rheometry. The overall mechanical response of
the contraction process was modeled as a three-element active poroviscoelastic material.
Results: In contraction of unclamped clots, an increased volume fraction of RBCs critically lessened the rate and degree of contraction (by
~30% at 50% vs. 0% volume fraction of RBCs). In clamped contraction, the addition of 50% volume fraction of RBCS resulted in a
~60% increase in the contractile forces generated by the platelet-fibrin
meshwork when compared to platelets and fibrin alone. Modeling showed that due to the length scale of poroelastic diffusivity, clot
contraction was not a result of poroelastic behavior, but rather can be
considered an active viscoelastic material. Our model revealed that
this phenomenon occurred due to the presence of an element, consisting of RBCs and fibrin, in series with the active contractile element.
This caused a shift in the stall stress of the system and an increase in
the overall contractile force generated by the activated platelets.
Conclusion: Collectively, these results show that contracting blood
clots behave as an active viscoelastic material and support a novel concept that RBCs are not simply a bystander in the formation and properties of clots and thrombi, but may be important in hemostasis since
they influence the maximum active stress generated by platelets.
PO425-MON
Reversal of the antithrombotic properties of quercetin3-Rutinoside with the B domain of PDI in a mouse
thrombosis model
Lin L, Gopal S, Sharda A, Passam F, Bowley S, Stopa J,
Flaumenhaft R, Huang M and Furie B
Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess
Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
Background: We demonstrated that inhibition of PDI activity by quercetin-3-rutinoside blocked both platelet accumulation and fibrin generation in a mouse thrombosis model. However, the binding site of
quercetin-3-rutinoside on PDI is not known. PDI has four domains: a,
b, b, a of which a and a contain the active site.
Aims: Here, we identify the binding site of quercetin-3-rutinoside on
PDI and determine whether this region can serve as an antidote to
reverse the antithrombotic effect of quercetin-3-rutinoside in a live
mouse.
Methods: We generated 12 recombinant PDI fragments: 4 one-domain
fragments (a, b, bx, a), 3 two-domain fragments (ab, bb, bxa), 3
three-domain fragments (abb, abbx, bbxa), 2 four-domain fragments (abbxa, abbxac). We performed binding studies to characterize the interaction of quercetin-3-rutinoside with the PDI fragments.
The fragment containing the quercetin-3-rutinoside binding site was
studied in an in vivo laser-induced thrombosis mouse model to evaluate
reversal of the antithrombotic effect of quercetin-3-rutinoside.
Results: Using a fluorescence enhancement-based assay and isothermal
calorimetry, we show that quercetin-3-rutinoside directly binds to the
bx and bb fragments of PDI with a 1:1 stoichiometry and a Kd of
11.5 and 10.4 lM respectively but not to fragments lacking the b
domain. Reductase activity of fragments containing the a or a
domains were only inhibited by quercetin-3-rutinoside if they contained the b domain. Infusion of the bx fragment of PDI completely
reversed quercetin-3-rutinoside-mediated inhibition of thrombus for 2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997
415
mation in a mouse model. This bx fragment alone does not possess

any reductase activity and does not affect thrombus formation in vivo.
Conclusion: Quercetin-3-rutinoside binds directly to the b domain of
PDI. The b domain of PDI has the potential for use as an antidote to
reverse the antithrombotic effect of quercetin-3-rutinoside in the event
of bleeding complications.
PO426-MON
Platelet in rats with acute renal failure present
hyperreactivity in vitro
Ming Z-Y, Yao G-q, Liang M-l, He A-d, Da X-W and Xie W
Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine,Tongji
Medical College, Huazhong University Of Science & Technology,
Wuhan, China
Background: Rhabdomyolysis-induced myoglobinuric acute renal failure accounts for about 1040% of all cases of acute renal failure
(ARF).The function of the coagulation system itself is already profoundly changed in patients with acute renal failure, as they are prone
to episodes of bleeding. On the other hand, they may also develop
excessive formation of thrombi. Platelet, a vital role in the coagulation
system, may be a major contributor.
Aims: This study was designed to investigate the platelet dysfunction
in glycerol-induced ARF in rats.
Methods: SD rats were randomly divided into two groups. The rats in
group I were injected with50% glycerol (10 mL kg1, intramuscularly), and the rats in group II was given equal saline served as control.
After 3 days of glycerol injections, the blood samples and kidney tissues were harvested for platelet function test and pathology analyses.
Platelet aggregations in response to different concentrations of agonists were measured in washed platelet (collagen, CRP:collagen related
peptide, thrombin, U46619) and platelet-rich plasma (ADP) with optical aggregometry. At the same time, ATP release from platelet granules in two groups stimulated by collagen was measured.
Results: Glycerol administration resulted in an increase in the mean
creatinine (Cr), urea nitrogen (BUN) and urea acid (UA) in plasma
and caused severe histologic damage. Platelet max aggregation
induced by different agonists in ARF rats were significantly increased
compared to the control. The ATP release in model group was also
much higher than control group.
Conclusion: In this study we found that rats with ARF showed elevated platelet reactivity in response to collagen, CRP, thrombin,
U46619, and ADP compared to the control at low dose. These results
is the first time to present the aberrant platelet function in ARF rat,
and can also contribute to our understanding of the clinical complex
of ARF patient.
PO427-MON
Factor XI-dependent platelet thrombin generation
induced by thrombin is regulated by CD36
Dohrmann M1, Schwierczek K1, Volf I2, Walter U1 and Jurk K1
1
Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University
Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany; 2Center for Physiology
and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna,
Austria
Background: CD36, a member of the class B scavenger receptor family,
is abundantly expressed on the platelet surface. Binding of platelets to
thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) via CD36 has been shown to enhance collagen-dependent thrombus formation and stabilization in vitro and
416
ABSTRACTS
in vivo. Oxidized low density protein binding to CD36 induces a hyperreactive platelet phenotype associated with pro-thrombotic and
pro-atherogenic effects in mice. However, the role of CD36 in thrombin generation on thrombin-stimulated platelets is not clear.
Aims: Investigating the role of CD36 in thrombin generation and activation of human platelets stimulated with thrombin in vitro.
Methods: Thrombin generation was assessed in recalcified platelet-rich
plasma from healthy or CD36-deficient volunteers by calibrated automated thrombography using alpha-thrombin as trigger. Activation of
platelet GPIIb/IIIa, granule secretion, binding of TSP-1, von Willebrand factor (vWF), coagulation factors and phosphatidylserine exposure were analyzed by flow cytometry. Blocking antibodies, annexin-V
and tirofiban were used for functional studies.
Results: Platelets from a proband with CD36-deficiency or blocked
by anti-CD36 antibody FA6-152 showed significantly decreased
thrombin peak and endogenous thrombin potential as well as
GPIIb/IIIa activation, granule secretion, binding of TSP-1, vWF
and factor VIII, IX, X in response to low or moderate thrombin
concentration compared to control platelets. In contrast, annexin-V
did not affect platelet-dependent thrombin generation and procoagulant activity was not affected of CD36-deficient or FA6-152-treated platelets. While treatment of platelet-rich plasma with tirofiban
or abciximab resulted in significantly reduced thrombin-triggered
thrombin generation, additional inhibition was observed when FA6152 treatment was combined.
Conclusion: These results indicate a new role of CD36 in the amplification of feedback activated factor XI-driven thrombin generation on
thrombin-stimulated platelets.
PO428-MON
Deletion of PI3K P110 results in enhanced primermediated regulation of platelet function and
thrombosis
Blair T, Moore SF and Hers I
Physiology & Pharmacology, University Of Bristol, Bristol, UK
Background: Platelet hyperactivity is a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease, and can be induced by elevated levels of circulating peptide hormones, such as the insulin-like growth
factors (IGF-1 and IGF-2), insulin and thrombopoietin (TPO). We
and others showed that primer-mediated platelet function is PI3 kinase
dependent and initial pharmacological studies have suggested a role
for p110a.
Aims: To explore the role of p110a in enhancement of platelet function
by insulin, IGF-2 and TPO using a platelet-specific p110a knockout
murine model in conjunction with pharmacological inhibitors.
Methods: We examined integrin activation (JON/A binding), P-selectin
exposure, thrombus formation (in vitro flow studies), rap1b activation
(RalGDS pull-downs), calcium signalling, Akt phosphorylation and
PIP3 formation (mass-spec approach) in platelets from wild-type and
p110a KO mice.
Results: We demonstrate that agonist-stimulated signalling to Akt/
PKB as well as integrin aIIbb3 activation, a-granule secretion, aggregation and thrombus-formation over collagen were unaffected by
p110a deletion. As expected, the primers insulin, IGF2 and TPO
induced significant enhancements in integrin aIIbb3 activation, agranule secretion and ex vivo thrombus formation in wild-type platelets. Surprisingly, deletion of p110a did not reduce, but significantly
enhanced, the effect of the primers on platelet function and thrombosis. The enhanced priming in the p110a KO was not mediated by elevations in calcium, rap1b activation, changes in PIP3 levels or Akt
phosphorylation and could not be mimicked by the p110a inhibitor
PIK75 in wild- type platelets, suggesting that the phenotype of the
p110a KO is not due to compensation or absence of kinase activity.
Conclusion: p110a deletion results in enhanced platelet priming in a

manner that is independent of lipid kinase activity, suggesting that
p110a itself may limit the extent of platelet priming.
PO429-MON
Profiling oxylipins released by GPVI-activated platelets
and the effect of inhibitors of Cyclooxygenase-1 and
12-Lipoxygenase
Turnbull RE1, Sander KN2, Barrett DA2 and Goodall AH1
1
Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester,
Leicester; 2School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham,
Nottingham, UK
Background: Platelet activation results in liberation of arachidonic acid
(AA) and metabolism by cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX) to oxylipins. Whilst the role of COX-1 in platelet
function is well established the role of 12-LOX is unclear.
Aims: To identify the oxylipins released from GPVI-activated platelets
and investigate the effect of COX-1 and 12-LOX inhibition on this
profile.
Methods: Washed platelets from healthy donors, resuspended in HEPES-buffered saline (HBS) pH7.4 with 2 mM Ca2+ and 20 lg mL1
Hirudin, were incubated at 37 C for 10 min with 50 lM or 150 lM
baicalein or esculetin to inhibit 12-LOX, or 500 lM aspirin to inhibit
COX-1, before activation with 0.5 lg mL1 CRP-XL. Platelet releasate was isolated by centrifugation, oxylipins were extracted using a
hexane-based method and resuspended in 70% ethanol for analysis by
LC-MS/MS.
Results: Washed platelets from healthy donors, resuspended in HEPES-buffered saline (HBS) pH7.4 with 2 mM Ca2+ and 20 lgmL1
Hirudin, were incubated at 37 C for 10 min with 50 lM or 150 lM
baicalein or esculetin to inhibit 12-LOX, or 500 lM aspirin to inhibit
COX-1, before activation with 0.5 lg mL1 CRP-XL. Platelet releasate was isolated by centrifugation, oxylipins were extracted using a
hexane-based method and resuspended in 70% ethanol for analysis by
LC-MS/MS.
Conclusion: This is the first study to fully profile oxylipins released
from activated platelets and compare the effect of COX-1 and 12-LOX
inhibition. In addition to aspirins known role in inhibiting TXB2 formation, this study has, for the first time, shown the contribution of
COX-1 to 15-HETE, 9- and 13-HODE formation. These results also
highlight the importance of 12-LOX in the production of all the measured HETEs and HODEs. Further study into the action of these 12LOX metabolites in atherothrombosis is warranted.
PO430-MON
Role of hydrodynamic shear mediated platelet
deformation on cell tethering, translocation and
activation
Zhang C and Neelamegham S
Chemical and Biological Engineering, State University Of New
York At Buffalo, Amherst, USA
Background: During thrombus formation, platelet-VWF binding follows a multistep process that involves transient cell capture, platelet translocation, cell activation and finally stable platelet
adhesion. The VWF-GPIba bond is a critical regulator of this process
as it controls capture and translocation under hydrodynamic shear.
Aims: We tested the hypothesis that in addition to bond mechanics,
platelet deformation is also an important regulator of the cell adhesion
cascade.
ABSTRACTS
Methods: Platelet binding studies were conducted in parallel plate flow
chambers using three systems: i. normal deformable human platelets;
ii. non-deformable GPIba bearing beads (GPIba-beads); and iii. deformation-tunable erythrocytes that have surface bound GPIba (GPIbaRBCs). To alter the nature of cell/particle interaction, fluid media viscosity and substrate composition were varied.
Results: Platelet translocation on immobilized VWF followed a bellshaped profile with peak cell accumulation and lowest translocation
velocity at 4 dyn cm2. Experimental data collected upon varying
media viscosity were aligned when accumulation and rolling velocity
were plotted as a function of wall shear stress, rather than shear rate.
As opposed to platelets, GPIba-beads exhibited a monotonic decrease
in bead accumulation and increase in rolling velocity. The rolling phenotype of GPIba-RBCs was similar to that of platelets. Increasing the
media osmolarity in this case from 0.3 to 0.6 Osm decreased the peak
translocation shear stress from 1 to 0.5 dyn cm2, presumably due to
increased cellular deformation. The shear stress for peak platelet rolling was also decreased from 4 to 1 dyn cm2 upon truncating the
VWF DD3-domain, a structural motif that shields GpIba access to
the A1-domain.
Conclusion: The data are consistent with a model where flow-induced
platelet morphology changes reduce platelet rolling velocity on VWF
by increasing the number of GPIba-VWF bonds under shear.
PO431-MON
The activating effects of shear stress gradients on
thrombus formation
Hoefer T1, Gardiner EE2, Andrews RK2, Peter K1 and Westein E1
1
Baker Idi Heart And Diabetes Institute; 2Australian Centre for
Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
Background: The complex shear stress conditions induced by intraluminal thrombi are known to be pro-thrombotic but remain poorly
characterised. Recent studies suggest that local gradients of shear
stress (SSG), created by the 3D geometry of platelet aggregates, are
more pro-thrombotic than constant shear stress. Von Willebrand Factor (VWF) interaction with GPIba is critical for thrombus formation
under high shear stress and this interaction is modulated by the governing shear stress conditions.
Aims: To investigate the pro-thrombotic effects of SSGs on VWFplatelet binding and subsequent thrombus formation.
Methods: Platelet aggregation and VWF-GPIba binding was measured
using custom-made microfluidic flow channels by perfusing citrated
whole blood over a collagen surface. SSGs were created through stenotic channel segments or via microspot thrombosis. We tested monoclonal antibodies against VWF A1 domain 6G1, 5D2, CR1 and CR3
for their capacity to inhibit VWF-dependent platelet aggregation
under constant shear and SSGs.
Results: SSGs were greatest at the upstream edge of individual platelet
aggregates and coincided with the highest amount of VWF binding.
Platelet aggregation at the upstream edge of a micro spot thrombus,
where SSG are maximal, was increased 1.6-fold relative to aggregates
at the downstream edge. VWF dependent platelet aggregation was
enhanced under shear stress gradients compared to constant shear
stress. Compared to control IgG, 5D2 and CR1 abolished platelet
aggregation under SSG and constant shear conditions up to
120 dyn cm2. However, SSGs from 30 to 240 dyn cm2 (mean
120 dyn cm2) could overcome the inhibitory effect of blocking the
VWF domains occupied by 6G1 and CR3.
Conclusion: SSGs are pro-thrombotic by increasing the binding of
VWF to platelet aggregates. Elucidating the pro-thrombotic effects of
shear stress gradients on the activation state of VWF may lead to the
identification of new drug targets that are shear sensitive and selective
for pathological thrombus formation.
417
PO432-MON
Membrane estrogen receptor (MER) protease
activated receptor (PAR) cross talk modulates platelet
function
Aslan JE1, Patel IA2, Mao P3, Xie F3, Xiao X3, Rnnekleiv OK3,
Kelly MJ3 and McCarty OJT4
1
Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University;
2
Biomedical Engineering; 3Physiology & Pharmacology;
4
Biomedical Enigineering, Oregon Health & Science University,
Portland, USA
Background: 17b-estradiol (E2) plays vital roles in reproductive function, energy homeostasis and stress responses as well as emerging roles
in hemostasis and thrombosis through classical estrogen receptor
(ERa and ERb) pathways as well as novel estrogen receptors such as a
putative Gaq-coupled membrane estrogen receptor (Gq-mER). Using
a yeast 3-hybrid screen of a pancreatic library, we discovered that
mERs may partner with protease activated receptors (PARs) and
found that Gq-mER interacts functionally with PARs in human platelets, suggesting a specific route for E2signaling to influence platelet
function.
Aims: We tested the hypothesis that the PARs synergize with a putative Gq-mER to activate multiple downstream signaling cascades that
regulate platelet activation.
Methods: To elucidate the cross-talk between the Gq-mER and PAR
signaling pathways in platelets, biochemical, cell biological and platelet functional assays were carried out using platelets stimulated with
E2 as well as the Gq-mER selective agonist STX.
Results: To elucidate the cross-talk between the Gq-mER and PAR
signaling pathways in platelets, biochemical, cell biological and platelet functional assays were carried out using platelets stimulated with
E2 as well as the Gq-mER selective agonist STX.
Conclusion: Our results show that platelets bind to the Gq-mER
selective agonist STX and suggest that platelet Gq-mER activation
synergizes with PARs to contribute to functional modulation mediated by estrogen signaling. Future work will define the exact signaling pathways and platelet functional responses regulated by GqmERs and establish insights into the hormonal modulation of hemostasis.
Platelet disorders I
PO433-MON
Platelet CD34 expression is increased in families with
distinct GFI1B mutations: utility as a screening test
Morel-Kopp M-C1,2, Rabbolini D1,2, Gabrielli S1,2, Chen Q1,2,
Ward CM1,2 and Stevenson W1,2
1
Northern Blood Research Centre - Kolling Institute, The
University of Sydney; 2Department of Haematology and
Transfusion Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney,
Australia
Background: Inherited macrothrombocytopenias (IMT) are a clinically
heterogeneous group of disorders, often causing moderate to severe
bleeding tendencies. Diagnostic steps have recently been outlined by
the ISTH-SSC and include phenotypic as well as genetic based methods. However, despite these, often complex investigations, many conditions remain undiagnosed.
Aims: To investigate the ability of CD34 platelet expression (measured
by flow cytometry) combined with next generation sequencing (NGS)
to delineate IMT caused by mutant transcription factors (TF) such as
GFI1B since Monteferrario et al recently reported increased platelet
CD34 in patients with the GFI1B p.Gln287* mutation.
418
ABSTRACTS
Methods: Informed consent was obtained from patients and their

blood collected for platelet testing and DNA sequencing. NGS was
performed using MiSeq Illumina instrument and a 19 gene panel with
96% coverage.
Results: Totally 95 individuals from 61 families were included. A
mutation in GFI1B (c.G503T:p.C168F) was detected in 3 patients from
2 families. This mutation located in Zn finger 1 may not be critical for
DNA binding but may destabilize the Zinc-finger loop. Additional
family members were tested and the presence of the G503T mutation
demonstrated by Sanger sequencing confirmed the autosomal dominant transmission. All carriers presented with moderate macrothrombocytopenia and their platelets expressed CD34 in contrast to wild-type
platelets. Furthermore, when compared to theT247 fs-GFI1B mutant
we previously described, CD34 expression was only moderately
increased. CD34 was not detected on platelets of patients with other
TF mutations such as GATA1, FLI1 and RUNX1.
Conclusion: In two families, we have identified a c.G503T-GFI1B
mutation which causes autosomal dominant macrothrombocytopenia.
To date, only platelets with GFI1B mutations appear to express
CD34, a, feature not seen with other TF mutations. Importantly, the
trend seen in CD34 expression may be indicative of phenotypic severity.
PO434-MON
A case of MYH9 disorders caused by a novel mutation
(P.K74E)
Kanematsu T1, Suzuki N2, Kishimoto M2, Aoki T1, Ogawa M1,
Kagami Y3, Kunishima S4, Kiyoi H1 and Matsushita T5
1
Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya University
Graduate School of Medicine; 2Department of Clinical
Laboratory, Nagoya University Hospital; 3Department of
Hematology, Toyota Kosei Hospital; 4Department of Advanced
Diagnosis, Clinical Research Center, Nagoya Medical Center;
5
Department of Transfusion Medicine, Nagoya University
Hospital, Nagoya city, Japan
Background: MYH9 disorders are rare hereditary autosomal dominant
disorders characterized by macrothrombocytopenia and D
ohle bodylike cytoplasmic inclusion bodies. MYH9 disorders also encompass Alport manifestations such as nephritis, sensory deafness and cataract.
These clinical phenotypes vary according to the location of mutation in MYH9.
Aims: Determination of the mutation which causes MYH9 disorders
and characterization of clinical phenotypes in a MYH9 disorders
patient.
Methods: Description of a case:: History: The patient is a 40 years old
woman. She was diagnosed as thrombocytopenia in her childhood.
When she was 35 years old, she developed renal failure, and after
3 years, hemodialysis was instituted because of progression of her
renal failure.
Family history: Her mother was diagnosed as thrombocytopenia, renal
failure and deafness. Her uncle and grandfather were diagnosed as
renal failure. Her cousin was diagnosed as thrombocytopenia.
Results: Laboratory data: WBC 9.3 9 109 L1, RBC 4.65 9 1012 L1,
Hb 136 g L1, Plt 55 9 109 L1, BUN 370 mg L1, Cre 86.2 mg L1.
Prothrombin time, activated thromboplastin time, and platelet aggregation tests were all within normal limits.
Peripheral blood smear: by May-Giemsa staining we confirmed giant
platelets and D
ohle body-like cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in her neutrophils. Immunofluorescence staining for non-muscle myosin heavy
chain IIA (NMMHC IIA) revealed abnormal NMMHC IIA localization in her neutrophils.
Genetic analysis: p.K74E in exon 1 was identified. This mutation is
located at the head domain of NMMHC IIA.
Conclusion: NMMHC IIA sequence alignments nearby K74 are highly

conserved residues among species. K74 is located near the SH1-helix
in the head domain of NMMHC IIA. It was previously reported that
mutations in SH1-helix such as p.W33C, p.S96L, p.R702C result in
MYH9 disorder with Alport manifestations. Therefore, we diagnosed
her as MYH9 disorders caused by the mutation p.K74E of the MYH9
gene.
PO435-MON
Calr mutations are associated with lower platelet and
endothelial activation than the JAK2 mutation in
essential thrombocythemia
Arellano-Rodrigo E1, Alvarez-Larr
an A2, Reverter J-C1,
3
4
Colomer D , Bellosillo B and Cervantes F5
1
Hemotherapy and Hemostasis, Hospital Clnic; 2Hematology,
Hospital del Mar, IMAS; 3Hematopathology, Hospital Clnic;
4
Pathology, Hospital del Mar, IMAS; 5Hematology, Hospital
Clnic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Background: Patients with JAK2-positive essential thrombocythemia
(ET) have an increased frequency of thrombosis and a prothrombotic
phenotype characterized by marked blood cell and coagulation activation.
Aims: Recently, a lower tendency to thrombosis has been reported in
ET patients harboring mutations in the calreticulin (CALR) gene, but
the mechanisms underlying this finding are unknown.
Methods: On that basis, platelet turnover and membrane or soluble
markers of platelet, leukocyte, endothelial, and coagulation activation
were compared in 44 patients with JAK2-positive (n = 23), CALRpositive (n = 12) or non-mutated ET (n = 9) and matched healthy
individuals.
Results: At diagnosis, patients with CALR mutations were significantly
younger and showed lower hemoglobin levels than those with the
JAK2 mutation-positive patients. Compared with controls, ET
patients had increased platelet turnover or platelet, leukocyte and
coagulation activation and those CALR-positive patients had lower
MESF expression of P-selectin following collagen activation
(12.6 2.7 vs. 14.7 3.4, P = 0.044). The three groups of patients
showed similar leukocyte and coagulation activation. However,
CALR-positive patients, as compared with JAK2-positive patients, displayed significantly lower baseline (6.9 1.2 vs. 8.0 1.5,
P = 0.009), thrombin- (10.2 2.2 vs. 11.9 2.8, P = 0.045) or epinephrine-induced (7.9 2.0 vs. 9.4 3.0, P = 0.049) platelet P-selectin MESF expression and lower levels of soluble CD40 ligand
(0.5 0.2 vs. 0.9 0.4 ag/platelet, P = 0.001) and von Willebrand
factor antigen (88.9 18.4 vs. 123.3 33.1 IU dL1, P = 0.003).
Conclusion: This different prothrombotic phenotype, with less platelet
and endothelial activation in CALR-positive ET, might contribute to
the lower frequency of thrombotic complications in these patients as
compared with those JAK2-positive ET.
(Supported in part by the grants RD012/0036/0004 and RD012/0036/
0010 from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spanish Ministry of
Health).
ABSTRACTS
PO436-MON
Different microtubule abnormalities in two cases of
macrothrombocytopenia associated with tubb1
variants
Stritt S1, Turro E2, Saut N3, Alessi M-C3, Schlegel N4, Nurden A5,
Ouwehand W2, Nieswandt B1 and Nurden P5
1
Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital
rzburg, Wu
rzburg,
and Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Wu
Germany; 2Department of Haematology, University of
Cambridge, Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK; 3INSERM 1062,
CRPP, Faculte de Medecine, CHU Timone, Marseille; 4Biological
^pital Robert Debr
Hematology Department, Ho
e, Paris; 5IHU
LIRYC, PTIB, Pessac, France
Background: Autosomal dominant macrothrombocytopenia (MTP)
can result from genetic variants in the TUBB1 gene encoding b1-tubulin, the major constituent of microtubules (MT). The consequences of
different mutations for MT structure are not well characterized
Aims: We have examined platelets from 2 patients with a missense
F260S and a novel R282* stop gain codon in TUBB1. MT organization and the presence of different subtypes (a- b- and acetyl-tubulin)
was analyzed and correlated with the platelet morphology of the two
TUBB1 variants.
Methods: The missense and stop gain codon mutations of TUBB1 were
identified by the BRIDGE-Blood Platelet Disease program using
whole exome sequencing. EM, IF, and Western blotting were performed to analyze the different forms of tubulin in resting platelets or
under depolymerizing conditions. Platelet spreading on a fibrinogen
(Fg)-coated surface was also studied.
Results: In both cases the thrombocytopenia was moderate. Depending on theTUBB1 mutation we found different abnormalities of the
platelet MT. As described by Kunishima et al (2014) in platelets with a
F260S mutation, a reduced a- and b-tubulin content was detected by
IF and Western blot which was reminiscent of a decreased MT number. In contrast, for the R282* mutant, a- and b-tubulin were
increased as was the acetylated form; F-actin was also increased. In
both cases, the platelets were large and round, with distended channels
characteristic of the F260S missense mutation giving a spread platelet
appearance on fibrinogen. For the R282* variant with more rigid MT,
platelet morphology is in favor of constraints in membrane movement.
Conclusion: In conclusion, different mutations affecting TUBB1 result
in moderate MTP and differently modify the platelet cytoskeleton with
both a decreased or increased presence of b-tubulin and MT with
altered number and stability, respectively. These results showing
opposing abnormalities for MT content and stability suggest that
platelet size does not directly depend on the MT content.
PO437-MON
Soluble glycoprotein VIf A potential biomarker for
disease activity and platelet reactivity in acute gout
Mccarthy G1, Murphy CL1, Madigan A1, MacMullan P1,
Durcan L1 and Dunne E2
1
Rheumatology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital;
2
Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons
in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
Background: Patients with gout or high serum urate (sUA) are at high
risk of cardiovascular (CV) mortality. We previously demonstrated
increased platelet reactivity in blood from patients with inflammatory
arthritis (IA). Platelets amplify inflammation in the joint in IA via the
collagen receptor, glycoprotein (GP)VI followed by the production of
proinflammatory platelet microparticles. When platelets are activated,
419
the GPVI receptor is shed and is detectable in the plasma as soluble

GPVI (sGPVI).
Aims: Our hypothesis was that sGPVI would be raised in patients with
active gout compared to stable gout versus healthy controls. We also
compared sGPVI levels in those with acute gout versus acute calcium
pyrophosphate (CPP) arthritis.
Methods: Following ethics approval and informed consent, serum
samples were taken from patients with active gout (n = 12). These
samples were compared with patients with CPPD (n = 5), chronic gout
(n = 17) and healthy controls (n = 19). Demographic data were measured. ESR, CRP, fibrinogen and sUA were assayed. Plasma GPIV
samples were centrifuged at 720 g and then 20000 g to ensure that no
platelets or platelet derived microparticles were present in the sample
and sGPVI levels were measured by ELISA.
Results: Mean serum GPVI was similar between CPPD and chronic
gout (7.028 2.8 ngmL1 vs. 6.258 2.5 ng ml1 respectively), but
significantly higher in acute gout patients (9.808 4.5 ng mL1;
P < 0.05). Serum GPVI was significantly higher in acute gout versus
healthy controls. (3.807 1.3 ng mL1). Mann-Whitney U test
showed serum GPVI levels were significantly higher in those with acute
gout versus chronic gout (P < 0.03).
Conclusion: Our data shows that serum GPVI levels are significantly
higher in those with acute gout versus those with chronic gout, CPPD
and healthy controls. This highlights the role of serum GPVI as a marker of both disease activity and platelet reactivity in acute gout. Platelet hyper-reactivity in patients with acute gout likely contributes to
increased CV events in these patients.
PO438-MON
Personalized reference intervals for platelet count
reduce the prevalence of unexplained
thrombocytopenia and increase that of reactive
thrombocytosis in elderly people
Noris P1, Zaninetti C1, Biino G2, Civaschi E1, Melazzini F1 and
Balduini CL1
1
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia - IRCCS
Policlinico San Matteo Foundation; 2Institute of Molecular
Genetics, National Research Council of Italy, Pavia, Italy
Background: The reference interval for platelet count currently in use
in most Western countries is 150450 or 150400 9 109 platelets L1.
However, many studies indicated that women have more platelets than
men and platelet count progressively decreases with ageing. Moreover,
ethnicity-related differences have been identified.
Aims: To evaluate the outcome of a personalized reference range
recently identified in a study involving 40 978 Italian healthy subjects
and which takes into account age and sex: 165473 9 109 platelets L1, regardless of gender, under 15 years of age; 136436 and
120369 9 109 L1 in women and men, respectively, between 15 and
64 years; and 119396 and 112361 9 109 L1 in women and men,
respectively, over 64 years (PLoS One 2013;81:e54289).
Methods: The new personalized reference range was applied retrospectively, in parallel to that presently in use of 150450 9 109 L1, to a
series of 925 consecutive Italian patients admitted to a department of
Internal Medicine. The investigated population was mainly composed
of elderly subjects (mean age 74 14.2 years).
Results: The prevalence of thrombocytopenia was 21.3% with the traditional reference range and 16.9% with the personalized one. Switching from thrombocytopenic to non-thrombocytopenic affected in most
cases subjects without any apparent cause of reduced platelet count,
whose number dropped from 67 to 37 9 109 L1. Also a few patients
with chronic liver disorders turned from thrombocytopenic to nonthrombocytopenic.
420
ABSTRACTS
The prevalence of thrombocytosis increased from 9.1% with the traditional range to 12.2% with the personalized range, and switching
always occurred in patients with inflammatory disorders.
Conclusion: The most relevant effect of personalized reference intervals
for platelet count was the reduction by nearly half in the proportion of
subjects with an unexplained form of thrombocytopenia. Using the
new range is expected to prevent many subjects to receive unnecessary
test, this benefiting both involved people and the health system.
PO439-MON
MYH9 disease: identification of two mutations
associated with uncommon clinical phenotype
~a B2, Periago A2, Albornoz DJ3, Soler M1,
Guiu MIS1, Muin
1
Vicente V , Lozano ML1 and Rivera J1
1
edica, Hospital
n, Universidad De Murcia, Imib-Arrixaca, Murcia;
Hemodonacio
2
Servicio de Hematologa, Hospital Rafael M
endez, Lorca;
3
Servicio de Hematologa, Hospital Comarcal Valdeorras,
Ourense, Spain
Background: MYH9 is a rare autosomal dominant syndrome caused
by mutations in the gene encoding for the heavy chain of non-muscle
myosin (NMMHCIIA), characterized by macrothrombocytopenia
from birth. Some patients present neurosensorial hearing loss, cataracts and/or nephropathy. Large series have suggested a genotype-phenotype relationship in MYH9: mutations at residue R702 show the
most severe phenotype for deafness and early development of
nephropathy, while changes at R1165 or E1841 have low risk of kidney disease (Mol Genet Genomic Med 2014; 2: 297312; Hum Mut
2014; 35: 23647).
Aims: To characterize MYH9 disease in two macrothrombocytopenic
patients with variable clinical presentation.
Methods: Clinical status, blood cell count, leukocyte inclusions, and
MYH9 sequence were explored in both patients.
Results: Patient 1 showed macrothrombocytopenia (20 9 109 L1)
and D
ohle bodies in leukocytes, but no extrahematological defects.
Patient 2 had thrombocytopenia (35 9 109 L1), leukocyte inclusions, bilateral neurosensorial hearing loss, and a rapidly progressing renal failure requiring renal transplant before the age of
40 year. His two daughters also show macrothrombocytopenia and
renal disease. Analysis of MYH9 identified mutations c.3493C> T
[R1165C] and c.5521G> A [E1841L], respectively. Although in
patient 1 we expected changes at residues E1841 or D1424, associated with low risk of extra-hematological defects, he carries a
R1165C change, which has been suggested to increase the risk of
hearing loss at a young age. Even more strikingly, in patient 2 with
the clinical picture of severe Epstein syndrome, we found the
E1841L change, precisely one of the two mutations that do not
associate to severe organic defects.
Conclusion: These two cases reflect that not only genetic changes, but
also other unknown factors might influence MYH9 phenotype, and
support close monitoring even in MYH9 patients with mutations not
frequently associated to extra-hematologic abnormalities. PI14/01956
and RECAVA RD12/0042/0050 (ISCIII-FEDER)
PO440-MON
ACTN1-related thrombocytopenias (ACTN1-RT):
phenotype/genotype of a series of 13 new cases
Vincenot A1, Rene O2, Binard S2, Alessi M-C3, Durot E4,
Gueguen P5, Guerrero F6, Cam-Duchez VL7, Mazoyer E8,
Muller S9, Neven B10, Pouymayou C11, Royer B12, Sie P13,
Trichet C14, Trillot N15 and Schlegel N16
1
National Reference Center on Inherited Platelet Disorders AND
Biological Hematology Department, CHU Robert Debr
e;
2
Biological Hematology Department, CHU Robert Debre, Paris;
3
Biological Hematology Deparment, CHU Timone, Marseille;
4
Service dH
ematologie Clinique, CHU Reims, REIMS;
5
Laboratoire de G
en
etique Mol
eculaire et dHistocompatibilit
e
INSERM U1078, CHRU Brest, Brest; 6Lab Haematology, CHU
Toulouse AND Universit
e Paul Sabatier, Toulouse; 7Institut de
Biologie Clinique- H
ematologie Biologique, Hopital Charles
ematologie biologique, Hopital Avicenne,
Nicolle, Rouen; 8H
ediatrie, CH Rambouillet, Rambouillet;
Bobigny; 9Service de P
10
Service dImmuno-H
ematologie P
ediatrique, CHU NeckerEnfants Malades, Paris; 11National Reference Center on Inherited
Platelet Disorders AND Biological Hematology Department, CHU
erapie
Timone, Marseille; 12Hematologie Clinique et Th
Cellulaire, CHU Amiens, Amiens; 13National Reference Center on
Inherited Platelet Disorders, Lab Haematology and Universit
e
Paul Sabatier, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse; 14Service Biologie
Clinique Secteur H
ematologie, CH Victor Dupouy, Argenteuil;
15
Laboratoire dh
emostase, Centre de Biologie-Pathologie, CHRU
Lille, Lille; 16National Reference Center on Inherited Platelet
Disorders AND Biological Hematology Department, CHU Robert
Debr
e, Paris, France
Background: ACTN1-RT is a new group of rare inherited macrothrombocytopenias (MTs) caused by mutations in the ACTN1 gene
encoding the alpha-actinin isoform 1 (ACTN1), a cytoskeleton protein. Till now, only isolated cases or small series have been reported,
characterized by non-syndromic phenotype, low bleeding tendency
and moderate decrease of platelet count.
Aims: To identify patients with ACTN1 mutation among a cohort of
patients with MT of unknown origin and to analyse their phenotype
and genotype.
Methods: Phenotype analysis combined clinical data, platelet count and
quantitation of large platelets (size over half the size of red cells) on
MGG smears. ACTN1 genotyping was performed by Sanger sequencing.
Results: Among a group of 130 MTs, 63 were already diagnosed with
MYH9 mutation and 1 with TUBB1 mutation. The 66 MTs of
unknown origin were included in the study. Sequencing identified 13
(10%) cases with 10 distinct ACTN1 mutations affecting 7 exons and 3
ACTN1 functional domains. Four mutations, p.R46W, p.R46Q,
p.V105I, p.R738W were already known but 6 were novel, not enlisted
in dbSNP databases, predicted in silico to have deleterious effect and
located in conserved amino-acid residues. All the mutations were missense but one, a stop codon p.E718*. Recurrent mutations reported in
this study and in the literature involve a CpG site, the most common
mutational hotspot in human genome. In the 13 carriers, bleeding tendency was absent or mild. Thrombocytopenia was mild in all cases
(platelet count (mean [range]: 85[39124] G/L) but 1 (39 G/L).The percentage (mean, [range]) of large platelets was: 47.5 [1783] including
giant platelets (size over the size of red cells): (5.7[126]).
Conclusion: Our results confirm the mild bleeding phenotype in carriers of ACTN1 mutations, and increase the knowledge on ACTN1-RT.
The prevalence of ACTN1 mutations strengthens the interest to
include the systematic analysis of ACTN1 gene in the workup of MT.
ABSTRACTS
PO441-MON
Rock1 OR FLI1 mutations in patients with mild
thrombocytopenia
Poggi M1, Canault M1, Lucca P2, Pouymayou C1, Ghalloussi D1,
Saut N1, Morange PE1, Tregouet D-A2 and Alessi M-C1
1
Lab. NORT, UMR1062 Inserm, Aix-Marseille Universit
e,
Marseille; 2ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition,
Inserm UMR_S 1166, Paris, France
Background: Improvement in high-throughput sequencing methods
allows now to increase knowledge on inherited thrombocytopenia etiologies.
Aims: Analysis of candidate genes in two trio families with a history of
mild thrombocytopenia.
Methods: Whole exome sequencing (French national center of genotyping, Evry, France) was performed in the index cases and their two
parents recruited in the bleeding and thrombosis exploration center,
CHU Timone (Marseille, France) after eliminating all known etiologies. Candidate sequence variations were confirmed by conventional
Sanger sequencing in the trio families and when possible in other relatives.
Results: Heterozygous ROCK1 (Q1217E) was the only candidate variation in one family with macrothrombocytopenia (index case, platelet
count: 108G/l, MPV: 15 fl). ROCK1 is activated by filamin A; it activates the LIMK-cofilin pathway and may influence platelet production
through its inhibiting effect on actin polymerization. The observed
variation was in a highly conserved Pleckstrin Homology domain
(PH).In the second trio family, a novel heterozygous mutation in FLI1
encoding Friend leukemia integration 1 was identified in the proband
and the father. FLI1 is a member of the ETS family of transcription
factors, which regulates genes expressed both during early and late
megakaryocytopoiesis. The mutation (R144Q) is localized in the
pointed domain which is a putative protein-protein interaction region.
The symptoms were restricted to mild thrombocytopenia (index case:
131G/l, MPV: 13 fl) without bleeding. The persistence of Non muscle
myosin heavy chain IIB (MYH10) in platelets was recently proposed
as a biomarker for FLI1 deletions. MYH10 was detected in the two
carriersplatelets by western-blot but was absent in the mother and the
other relatives.
Conclusion: ROCK1 or FLI1 alterations are defects that may be recognized in patients with mild thrombocytopenia.
PO442-MON
Congenital thrombocytopenias and immune
thrombocytopenic purpura: a misleading diagnosis
Coutinho M1, Spnola A1, Lau C2, Morais S1, Pereira M1,
Matos R1 and Campos M1
1
Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Clinical Hematology Unit;
2
Cytometry Laboratory, Clinical Hematology Unit, Centro
Hospitalar Do Porto, Porto, Portugal
Background: Congenital thrombocytopenias are a heterogeneous
group of rare disorders and are often difficult to recognize, requiring a
careful medical and laboratorial assessment. The clinical spectrum of
congenital thrombocytopenias ranges from severe bleeding diatheses,
recognized within the first few weeks of life, to mild conditions that
may bleed only after significant haemostatic stimuli (surgeries) or
remain undetected until adulthood. A late diagnosis and the absence
of family history (in recessive forms or new mutations) can lead to a
wrong diagnosis of acquired thrombocytopenia, particularly immune
thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), since the diagnosis of ITP is a diagnosis of exclusion. Thus, in the presence of refractory or atypical ITP,
a congenital thrombocytopenia should be investigated.
421
Aims: Describe cases of congenital thrombocytopenias that were misdiagnosed as ITP.

Methods: A clinical and laboratorial analysis of 4 patients with an initial diagnosis of ITP, all previously treated with corticosteroids. The
laboratory investigations included a platelet (PLT) count, size and
morphology; closure time by PLT function analyser assay; aggregation
studies with ATP secretion by lumi-aggregrometry; expression of PLT
glycoprotein receptors by flow-cytometry; and measurement of von
Willebrand factor.
Results: Subsequently and after reassessment, these cases were reclassified as: congenital platelet disorders (May-Hegglin Anomaly, Bernard
Soulier syndrome and deficiency of collagen receptor) and plateletendothelium interaction disease (type 2B von Willebrand disease).
Conclusion: The differential diagnosis between congenital and acquired
forms of thrombocytopenia is crucial, focusing on diagnostic criteria,
clinical presentations, genetic etiology and current medical management, in order to avoid unnecessary and potentially harmful treatments (corticosteroids, immunoglobulins or splenectomy).
PO443-MON
Five new heterozygous mutations in the GPIB and
GPIX are associated with the Bolzano phenotype
Baccini V1, Saut N1, Pouymayou C1, Canault M1, Ghalloussi D1,
Falaise C1, Pillois X2, Lanza F3, Morange PE1 and Alessi M-C1
1
Lab. NORT, UMR1062 Inserm, Aix-Marseille Universite,
Marseille; 2LIRYC, Plateforme Technologique et dInnovation
^ pital Xavier Arnozan, Pessac; 3Inserm, EFS
Biom
edicale, Ho
Alsace, Strasbourg, France
Background: Bernard-Soulier syndrome is an autosomal recessive macrothrombocytopenia due to mutations in genes encoding the GPIb/
IX/V complex with low expression at the platelet surface. To date, fifty
homozygous or double heterozygous mutations have been described.
In 2001, 6 Italian families were reported to carry one monoallelic base
variation c.515C>T (A156V - Bolzano mutation) in the GPIBA. Since
then, 103 new cases were reported and monoallelic mutations in the
GPIBA (n = 3) and GPIBB (n = 3) genes were described with the
same phenotype.
Aims: To search for GPIb/IX/V monoallelic mutations in patients suffering for macrothrombocytopenia without giant platelets (platelet size
> red blood cell size) and without known molecular diagnosis.
Methods: We sequenced GPIBA, GPIBB and GPIX genes. Megakaryocyte maturation was studied in one patient. Blood CD34+ cells
were cultured in serum free medium with thrombopoietin and stem cell
factor.
Results: Monoallelic mutations in the GPIb/IX/Vcomplex were found
in 10 patients out of 6 families (mean platelet count = 103 17G/L;
mean platelet volume (MPV) = 13 1.6 fL). None of who suffered
bleeding diathesis. A slightly reduced ristocetin aggregation and GPIb/
IX/V complex expression was noticed in few patients. We identified
five new heterozygous mutations in genes of the GPIb/IX/V complex:
2 in the gene (C33Y, N150R), 2 in the GPIBB gene (G43R, G43W)
and one in the GPIX gene (A163D). One of the studied families carries
the A156V Bolzano mutation. The two GPIBA mutants were tested
with different prediction algorithms (PolyPhen-2 and SIFT software)
and appear deleterious or probably damaging. Megakaryocyte maturation studied in the N150R patient shows a delay in polyploidization.
Conclusion: GPIBA, GPIBB and GPIX genes require to be sequenced
in all patients with mild thrombocytopenia, moderate elevation of the
MPV, without or few giant platelets. Particular attention has to be
paid to slight decreases in GPIb/IX/V expression and ristocetin aggregation.
422
ABSTRACTS
PO444-MON
Increase the number of GP IIB-IIIA and P2Y12 receptors
in activated platelets possible evidence for proteins
synthesis de novo
Sirotkina O1,2,3, Andoskin P1,2, Emelyanov A1,2 and Vavilova T3
1
Molecalar Genetic Technology Department, First Pavlov State
Medical University of St.Petersburg; 2Human Molecular Genetic
Laboratory, B.P. Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics
Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad district; 3Department of clinical
laboratory diagnostics, Federal North-West Medical Research
Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia
Background: Although platelets lack a nucleus or genomic DNA, they
are able to translate mRNA into proteins de novo. The key platelets
receptors may be involved in the regulation proteins synthesis and
may reflect proteins synthesis in platelet de novo.
Aims: To investigate the modification in the number of platelets receptors in activated cells.
Methods: We investigated the native platelets from 50 healthy donors
(mean age 38 2). The number of fibrinogen receptors GPIIb-IIIa
and ADP-receptors P2Y12 in resting and activated (by ADP or collagen) platelets were studied by flow cytometry and Western blotting.
The quantity of IL-1b, the protein which synthesis de novo in activated platelet was demonstrated earlier, was also analyzed for verification of the used method.
Results: The numbers of GPIIb-IIIa and P2Y12 receptors on platelet
membrane were 14.4 0.9 and 11.1 1.1, respectively. The correlation between numbers of GPIIb-IIIa and P2Y12 receptors on platelets
membrane was detected (R = 0.45, P = 0.03). The quantity of receptors was higher in donors with high level of platelet aggregation. The
number of GPIIb-IIIa was changed in activated platelets from
18.1 2.8 to 23.2 3.1 and from 17.7 3.3 to 20.9 3.4 after
15 min and 2 h incubation with ADP. The P2Y12 level was higher in
activated by ADP platelets compared to resting cells according to
results of Western blotting. The GPIIb-IIIa receptor plays a key role
in the regulation of proteins synthesis in platelets de novo. The process of proteins synthesis was inhibited by selective GPIIb-IIIa
blocker (Monafram). The P2Y12 level was lower in sample treated
with Monafram: 14.0 3.0 and 5.8 0.5, 18.0 3.7 and 9.3 6.6,
13.5 2.1 and 5.7 0.1 for P2Y12 from 15 min, 2 h and 24 h incubations with ADP and ADP+Monafram, respectively (P = 0.046).
This result was confirmed by Western blotting. The same results were
shown for IL-1b.
Conclusion: According to above mentioned we may conclude that GP
IIb-IIIa and P2Y12 proteins were synthesized in activated platelets.
Pediatric thrombosis and hemostasis

PO445-MON
Risk factors and co-morbidities in adolescent
thromboembolism are different than those in younger
children
Kirk S, Ishola T, Voigt K, Shah M and Srivaths L
Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Baylor College Of Medicine,
Houston, USA
Background: In adolescent thromboembolism (TE), variety of risk factors (RFs) and co-morbidities (CMs) are reported, though overall
prevalence of these have not been evaluated.
Aims: We hypothesized that the spectrum of RFs/CMs in adolescent
TE differs from that reported in children overall and sought to review
our experience at Texas Childrens Hospital (TCH).
Methods: Medical records of adolescents (ages 1221 years), diagnosed with arterial or venous TE (AT or VTE) at TCH from 01/01/
2004 to 01/01/2014, were retrospectively reviewed as approved by the
IRB. Adolescents with superficial vein thrombosis only were excluded.
Patients clinical details were evaluated.
Results: Sixty five adolescents (32 F, 33 M) met study criteria. Median
age at diagnosis was 16 years (range 1220 years). Fifty-eight (89%)
had VTE, 1 (1.5%) had AT, 5 (8%) had both VTE and AT, and 1
(1.5%) had cutaneous microthrombi. Associated RFs/CMs included
obesity (48%), CVL (26%), infection (26%), surgery (26%), autoimmune disease (23%), immobility (20%), anatomical abnormality
(18.5%), cancer (7.5%), estrogen therapy (6%), tobacco use (6%),
trauma (3%) and other medical conditions (12%). Prothrombotic
hereditary RFs were present in 13/50 (26%) tested. Eleven patients
(17%) had 1 and 54 (83%) had 2 identified RFs/CMs. Therapy
included anticoagulants (100%), antiplatelet agents (6%), thrombolytic agents (25%) and interventional therapy (29%). Four were lost to
follow up and 2 had no follow-up imaging. Of 59 with follow-up imaging, 56% had complete response, 25.5% had partial response, 8.5%
had no change and 10% had progression. Fourteen (24%) had recurrent TE. Majority (78.5%) with recurrent TE had 2 RFs/CMs.
Conclusion: Adolescent TE is often multi-factorial with majority having 2 RFs/CMs at diagnosis and at recurrence, suggesting the need
for detailed evaluation for RFs/CMs in this population, which may in
turn enable optimal therapy and institution of RF modifying strategies to prevent recurrence.
PO446-MON
Do preterm infants with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
who fail indomethacin treatment have lower platelet
counts?: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Mitra S1, Paes B2, Chan AKC2 and on behalf of THIN group
(Thrombosis & Haemostasis in Newborns)
1
Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics;
2
Department of Pediatrics, Mcmaster University, Hamilton,
Canada
Background: Indomethacin has been the drug of choice for closure of
PDA in preterm infants. Failure of a primary course of indomethacin
to close the PDA is not uncommon. Several observational studies have
linked low platelet counts to indomethacin failure. Recent animal
studies have also highlighted the potential role of platelets in PDA closure.
Aims: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the association of platelet counts and indomethacin failure in preterm infants
with PDA
Methods: The authors searched MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and
PubMed,abstracts and conference proceedings and contacted the primary authors of relevant studies. Studies were included if they
reported the use of indomethacin for PDA closure, compared a group
which failed indomethacin treatment versus a group which didnt and
reported primary data that could be used to measure the association
between platelet counts and indomethacin failure. Two reviewers independently screened the search results and assessed methodological
quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results were expressed as
mean difference in platelet counts and were calculated using a fixed
effects model.
Results: We identified 660 potentially relevant studies. Nine studies
reported platelet counts with indomethacin failure, but five did not
meet a priori data abstraction criteria. Four studies involving 669 preterm neonates with 139 cases of indomethacin failure were included.
Platelet counts were found to be significantly lower in infants with
failed
indomethacin
treatment
[Mean
difference
25.07 9 109 L1;95% CI: -39.30 9 109,-10.84 9 109 L1;I2 = 0].

ABSTRACTS
Conclusion: Platelet counts appear to be significantly lower in infants
with indomethacin failure. Though these preliminary findings align
with the pathophysiological role of platelets in PDA closure, more
prospective cohort studies that consistently report platelet counts in
prostaglandin inhibitor failure are needed so that a larger meta-analysis can be conducted to establish or refute a significant association.
PO447-MON
Catheter directed thrombolysis as safe and effective
therapy for proximal lower limb deep vein thrombosis
in adolescents
Musgrave K1, Tenna A2 and Biss TT1
1
Haematology; 2Vascular Surgery, Newcastle Hospitals NHS
Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Background: There is limited evidence to support catheter directed
thrombolysis (CDT) for proximal deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in paediatric practice. Beneficial in adults, it has the potential to reduce lifelong morbidity of post thrombotic syndrome (PTS) in children and
adolescents.
Aims: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of CDT in the management
of proximal DVT in adolescents.
Methods: A retrospective review of proximal DVT in adolescents managed with CDT over an 18-month period in a single institution.
Results: Five cases were identified, 3 male, aged 1516 years. Risk factors were: minor trauma, 3; oral contraceptive pill, 2; reduced mobility, 2; travel, 1; obesity, 1. 4 had an abnormal thrombophilia screen:
protein S deficiency, 2; FV Leiden (R506Q) mutation, 2 (1 homozygous). One has congenital IVC anomaly.
CDT was performed a median of 8 days (range: 3 to 16) after onset of
symptoms. 2 had a temporary IVC filter placed prior to CDT. The
popliteal vein on the affected side was catheterized and thrombus
injected with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) and
mechanical thrombectomy performed. Infusion of rtPA at 0.5 mg h1
was continued via the catheter with concurrent systemic infusion of
unfractionated heparin at 100200units h1. Repeat venogram was
performed daily. The infusions were continued until adequate thrombus clearance was achieved. 1 had complete clot resolution and 4 had
residual minimal, non-occlusive thrombus. 4 required venoplasty for
identified stenosis. One required red cell transfusion for bleeding from
the catheter insertion site. Use of full-length support stockings was recommended for 2 years and all cases continue long-term anticoagulation with warfarin. At a median follow up of 15 months (range: 325)
there were no recurrent thromboembolic events. One case has mild
PTS with limb swelling/aching on exertion and a 3 cm discrepancy in
calf circumference.
Conclusion: This case series supports CDT as safe and effective management of proximal lower limb DVT in adolescents.
PO448-MON
Age-dependency of coagulation parameters during
childhood. results of a multicenter study
Toulon P1, Berruyer M2, Grand F3, Brionne-Francois M4, Lasne D5
and DePooter N6
1
Hematology, CHU Pasteur, Nice; 2Hematology, GH Est, Bron;
3
Hematology, CHU, Angers; 4Hematology, CHU, Caen;
5
Hematology, CHU Necker, Paris; 6Hematology, CHR, Mulhouse,
France
Background: Understanding of developmental hemostasis is critical to
ensure optimal prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of hemorrhagic
423
and thrombotic diseases in children. As coagulation test results are

known to be dependent on the reagents/analyzers used, it is recommended for each laboratory to define the age-dependent reference
ranges by using its own technical condition.
Aims: To address that issue, a study was carried out in 6 centers using
the same reagents and ACL TOP 500/700 analyzers (IL, Bedford,
USA).
Methods: There were 1331 samples obtained from pediatric patients
(895 M and 436 F) aged between 2 weeks and 17 Y. They were
divided in 6 age groups: <1-month (n = 37), 15 months (310), 6
12 months (n = 162), 15 years (n = 482), 610 Y (n = 117) and 1117
Y (n = 223). Every sample was tested for global assays (PT and aPTT)
while specific assays were performed in at least 20 samples in each age
group.
Results: aPTT was negatively correlated with age (r = -0.15, P < 0.01),
with longer clotting times in younger children. PT was correlated with
age (r=+0.61, P < 0.0001), with shorter clotting times in younger children, and the same applied to fibrinogen (Clauss) level (r=+0.47,
P < 0.0001). Factor V (FV), FVIII, FX and FXIII levels were found
roughly unchanged during childhood. In contrast, FII, FIX, FXI, and
FXII levels were significantly decreased in the youngest children (<1
Y) before reaching adult values. The same applied to antithrombin,
PC and PS, and plasminogen. Von Willebrand factor (RCo and antigen) was found elevated at birth and remained elevated during the first
months of life before it normalized at 6 month. Interestingly, D-dimer
levels were found elevated during childhood, mainly during the first
6 months of life and remained slightly elevated before reaching adult
values during puberty.
Conclusion: These data suggest that most coagulation test results are
highly dependent on age, mainly during the first year of life, and that
age-specific reference ranges must be used to ensure proper evaluation
of coagulation in children.
PO449-MON
Clinical features in children presenting from the
community with pulmonary embolism
Wang CY1, Francis P2, Cain T2, Ignjatovic V3, Newall F4,
Oakley E5 and Monagle P6
1
Monash University, Clayton; 2Department of Medical Imaging,
The Royal Childrens Hospital Melbourne; 3Haematology
Research Group, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute; 4Clinical
Haematology Department; 5Department of Emergency Medicine,
The Royal Childrens Hospital Melbourne; 6Department of
Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
Background: Pulmonary embolism (PE) in children is uncommon,
whilst recognition and diagnosis is often difficult. Current clinical decision rules for PE are based on adult populations and have not been
validated in the paediatric population. The development of paediatricspecific clinical decision rules may enable clinicians to confidently deal
with the diagnostic uncertainty of PE.
Aims: To identify and evaluate clinical features which distinguish PE
in children presenting from the community.
Methods: We present a case-control study of patients presenting to
The Royal Childrens Hospital Melbourne (RCH) between November
2007 and February 2015. RCH is the major tertiary paediatric referral
hospital for the state of Victoria, Australia. Cases were defined as having radiologically proven PE, ventilation-perfusion (VQ) scan with a
high probability diagnosis or a positive computed tomography pulmonary angiogram (CTPA), whilst controls were patients with a clinical
suspicion of PE, but found not to have PE on diagnostic imaging and
clinical follow-up. Charts, electronic medical and imaging records of
both cases and controls were reviewed and analysed. In addition, data
424
ABSTRACTS
was sought from state-based coronial services of children who died in

the community of PE during the study period.
Results: The number of cases and controls, their demographic data,
and comparisons of their clinical and investigation findings will be presented.
Conclusion: This study compared children presenting to the emergency
department with radiologically proven PE to a group of children with
suspected PE but ultimately negative imaging studies, and identifies
the clinical indicators that are most useful in identifying which patients
require definitive imaging from those who do not.
PO450-MON
Effects of maternal hypertension on neonatal
hemogram in South-south Nigeria
Okoye H1, Eweputanna LI2, Korubo KI1 and Ejele OA1
1
Haematology and Blood Transfusion; 2Radiology, University of
Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Background: Hypertension in pregnancy complicates about 422% of
all pregnancies, resulting in fetomaternal complications and constitutes one of the major causes of maternal and fetal/neonatal morbidity
and mortality. The fetal/neonatal complications are largely secondary
to intrauterine hypoxia and uteroplacental insufficiency leading to
hematological and biochemical derangements, intrauterine growth
restriction, prematurity and bronchial dysplasia. Neonatal polycythemia, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia are notable sequela of maternal hypertension; however, this has not been evaluated in our
population.
Aims: To determine the hemogram of neonates of hypertensive mothers using those of normotensive mothers as controls.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional hospital-based case control study.
Cord blood from neonates of both hypertensive (cases) and normotensive mothers (controls) were sampled for hemogram using a 3-part
autoanalyser. WBC differential was done manually. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16.
Results: A total of 200 neonates were recruited comprising of 100 neonates of hypertensive mothers and 100 neonates of normotensive
mothers. The mean hematocrit was higher in neonates of hypertensive
mothers 51.1 9.0% vs. 45.5 7.5 respectively, P < 0.001. Their
neutrophil and platelet counts were 4.5 3.1 9 109 L1 and
157 106 9 109 L1 vs. 5.4 2.7 9 109 L1 and 212 88 9
109 L1 (P = 0.033 and <0.001 respectively). The prevalence of polycythemia, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia was 8%, 15% and 38% in
neonates of hypertensive mothers and 0%, 2% and 8% in neonates of
normotensive mothers (P = 0.007, 0.002 and <0.001 respectively).
Conclusion: From our study, neonatal polycythemia, neutropenia and
thrombocytopenia were significantly higher in neonates of hypertensive mothers. It is therefore advisable that the hemogram of neonates
of hypertensive mothers be closely monitored from birth to prevent
complications associated with these disorders.
PO451-MON
Treatment with romiplostim in children. Incidence and
quality of the response
Castillo MDCGD
~a, A
Hemathology, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Corun
~a, Spain
Corun
Background: Agonists of thrombopoietin have changed the way we
treat ITP. However, the incidence of responses and their quality are
not well determined in children.
Aims: To define the incidence of response to romiplostim in children.

Methods: We conducted an observational retrospective analysis of the
pediatric patients treated with romiplostim between 2009 and 2014.
All of them were diagnosed with refractory ITP. Their ages were
from 8 to 16 and none of them had been splenectomized. Compasive
use of romiplostim and an informed consent were needed. Children
received treatment once weekly at 1 lg kg1 and dose was increased
according to platelet response. We defined a complete response (CR)
as platelets >100 9 109 L1 and no bleeding symptoms for more than
6 months. Maintained response (MR) was defined as platelets
>50 9 109 L1 for more than 3 months without bleeding symptoms.
Irregular Response (IR) was defined as the inability to maintain stable platelet counts.
Results: A total of 5 patients were treated with romiplostim as second
line treatment. There were no CR. 3 of them (60%) reached MR, 2 of
them (40%) reached an IR.Mean duration of the MR was
14,3 months (1218). Mean time of treatment with romiplostim was
15.2 months (627). The maximum mean dose was 7 lg kg1 to
obtain response. Mean time to reach stable platelet count
>50 9 109 L1 was 8 weeks.
Conclusion: There seems to be a lower percentage of complete
responses in the pediatric population, due to low number of patients
and probably because higher doses of romiplostim could be needed for
children to obtain response. Duration of MR was 14.3 months.
Mean time to reach stable response was 8 weeks. A faster response
could be obtained if higher doses were administered and used to escalate. Clinical trials are needed in this area.
Mean time of treatment was 15.2 months. No increase of secondary
effects was observed due to treatment. Romiplostim could be used as
bridge therapy to splenectomy in refractory ITP of recent diagnose.
PO452-MON
Off-label use of recombinant factor VIIA for diffuse
pulmonary hemorrhage in children
Weng T-F, Wu K-HW and Peng C-T
Haematology and Oncology, Childrens Hospital of China
Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
Background: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) is a rare complication but associated with a very high mortality. The current treatment
options of corticosteroids, transfusions, and immunosuppressants
have been limited and largely unsuccessful, and they can be accompanied by multiple complications. Both intravenous and intrabronchial
administration of activated recombinant factor VII (FVIIa) have been
reported.
Aims: We report four cases with DAH who were rescued with intravenous rFVIIa and one patient rescued with combination of intravenous
and inhalational use of rFVIIa.
Methods: Our study included 4 pediatric patients with acute onset of
DAH who admitted to our hospital between 2010 and 2014. The median age was 5.6 years, and patients conditions during DAH were hypovolemic shock with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, septic
shock with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) after hemopoietic
stem cell transplantation, and two patients with sarcoma and Burkitts
lymphoma under chemotherapy. These patients were treated with
intravenous rFVIIa concurrent with tranxamic acid, fresh-frozen
plasma, and maintenance of the platelet count 100 000 mm3.
Results: DAH stopped with markable increasing arterial oxygen saturation was observed in 3 patients after intravenous rFVIIa. The fourth
case suffering from sustained hypoxia without clinical improvement
responsed to combined intravenous and inhalational use of rFVIIa.
Three patients exhibited rapid improvement and were successfully
weaned from ventilators, except one died due to following multi-organ
failure.
ABSTRACTS
Conclusion: Our presentation illustrates that while administration of
rFVIIa for DAH shows theoretical promise and combination of intravenous and inhalational use of rFVIIa may be a potential method for
rescue of refractory DAH; however, further clinical studies are needed.
PO453-MON
Investigating the role of polyphosphates in neonatal
hemostasis
Schlagenhauf A, Ehammer-Rosenkranz A, Haidl H, Leschnik B,
Gallistl S and Muntean W
Department of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine,
Medical University Of Graz, Graz, Austria
Background: Neonatal platelets, despite poor aggregability in-vitro,
support thrombin generation as well as platelets from adults. PolyP, a
high molecular weight polyphosphate released by platelets could
explain this discrepancy. PolyP can activate factor XII, therefore, posing a physiological activator of the intrinsic coagulation system. Comparable thrombin generation in neonatal and adult samples at very
low tissue factor concentrations implicates an intrinsic fraction that
could be triggered by PolyP. Additionally, PolyP could circumvent
thrombin induced platelet activation in the initiation phase by activating factor XII, thus, rendering thrombin responsiveness of neonatal
platelets less crucial for rapid clot formation.
Aims: We wanted to evaluate the impact of PolyP on neonatal and
adult thrombin generation.
Methods: Thrombin generation was measured using Calibrated Automated Thrombography without tissue factor in platelet-poor plasma
from venous adult blood (N = 20) or cord blood (N = 20) with/without addition of a PolyP standard (100 lg mL1). Aliquots of PolyPspiked samples were preincubated with phosphatase from calf mucosa
(0.05 U lg1 PolyP) or corn trypsin inhibitor (50 lg mL1). Additionally, thrombin generation was measured in platelet-rich plasma samples triggered by collagen or thrombin receptor activating peptide.
Results: Lagtime and ttpeak was significantly more reduced by PolyP
in cord blood samples than in adult samples. The effect was completely
abrogated by preincubation with phosphatase or addition of corn
trypsin inhibitor. Impact of collagen and thrombin receptor activating
peptide in platelet-rich plasma was comparable in both study groups,
and prevented by addition of corn trypsin inhibitor.
Conclusion: Dynamic parameters were shorter in cord blood samples
arguing for higher thrombin generation rate due to lower levels of
inhibitors. Higher PolyP-reactivity might offset lower platelet reactivity in neonates resulting in comparable thrombin generation via the
PolyP pathway.
425
PO454-MON
Rationale and design of AESOP: APIXABAN for
prevention of deep vein thrombosis in pediatric
patients with acute lympho blastic leukemia or
lymphoma treated with L-Asparaginase
Rodriguez V1, OBrien S2, Sung L3, Ramirez L4, Li D4 and
Mitchell LG5
1
Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic Childrens
Center, Rochester; 2Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, The
Research Institute at Nationwide Childrens Hospital, Columbus,
USA; 3Division Hematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick
Children, Toronto, Canada; 4Bristol Myers Squibb, New Jersey,
USA; 5Hematology/Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton,
Canada
Background: Approximately 1/3 of pediatric oncology patients receiving chemotherapy including L-asparaginase (ASP) develop deep vein
thrombosis (DVT). Current standard of practice does not incorporate
anticoagulation for DVT prevention, as to date, there have been no
adequately powered trials determining efficacy and safety of primary
prophylaxis. Apixaban is a novel anticoagulant which offers distinct
advantages in the pediatric oncology population including oral administration, no antithrombin requirement and limited drug-drug interactions.
Aims: To determine the efficacy and safety of Apixaban in DVT prevention in pediatric patients during induction chemotherapy including
ASP.
Methods: The AESOP trial is a Childrens Oncology Group multicentre randomised controlled open label Phase III trial being conducted
in over 80 centres in 3 countries. A total of 500 children will be randomised to receive either Apixaban or no anticoagulation during induction chemotherapy. Eligible subjects are ages 1 to < 18 years with
newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia or lymphoma and a
central venous catheter in place. During induction, subjects will be followed for symptomatic DVT, which will be confirmed by objective
imaging. At the end of induction therapy, all subjects will be screened
for asymptomatic DVT by ultrasound and echocardiography. Primary
efficacy (DVT) and safety endpoints (bleeding) will adhere to ISTH
recommendations (Mitchell et al JTH 2011). Assessment of all study
endpoint results will be by a blinded central adjudication committee
and adverse events by an independent data monitoring committee.
Results: The AESOP trial design will be described in detail. Projected
activation date is March 2015 and the study is anticipated to require
3.5 years to complete patient accrual.
Conclusion: AESOP is the first adequately powered Phase III randomised controlled anticoagulation trial in children. The study will
determine the efficacy and safety of Apixaban in prevention of DVT in
pediatric oncology patients.
Disclosure of Interest: V. Rodriguez: None declared, S. OBrien Consultant for: Bristol Myers Squibb, L. Sung: None declared, L. Ramirez
Employee of: Bristol Myers Squibb, D. Li Employee of: Bristol Myers
Squibb, L. Mitchell Consultant for: Bristol Myers Squibb.
PO455-MON
Use of prothrombin complex concentrates (PCC) in
paediatric extracorporeal life support patients
Noga T1, Nahirniak S1, Conway J2, Buchholz H3, Bauman M2,
Massicotte P2 and Bruce A2
1
Hematopathology; 2Pediatrics, University Of Alberta;
3
Pediatrics, Stollery Childrens Hospital, Edmonton, Canada
Background: Prothrombin complex concentrates (PCCs) are human
derived plasma products containing coagulation factors II, VII, IX, X,
Protein C and S. Current accepted use includes treatment of bleeding
426
ABSTRACTS
and perioperative reversal in acquired factor deficiencies as seen with

vitamin K antagonists (VKA). PCC use has properties that are attractive to extracorporeal life support, including ventricular assist devices,
such as small volumes, rapid delivery, and pathogen inactivation.
Potential disadvantages are thrombotic complications. There are no
previous reports of PCC use in this population.
Aims: To describe prothrombin complex concentrate use in paediatric
extracorporeal life support patients.
Methods: University of Alberta Ethics Board approved. A retrospective
review over a 5 year period (20092013) was performed to determine
the clinical indication, dose, bloodwork (INR), and adverse events.
Results: Five patients between 1 month and 15 years of age received
PCCs. All patients had either a complex congenital heart condition or
cardiomyopathy. Three received PCCs for VKA reversal pre-operatively and two for uncontrolled hemorrhage. Dosing was based on 3
groups of weight/INR combinations with 0.6 mL kg1 (n = 3),
1.0 mL kg1 (n = 1) and 1.4 mL kg1 (n = 1) as final doses given
(range of 2.5 mL-40 mL volume in total). INR data was incomplete;
two patients with complete data had INRs pre-PCC of 2.8 and postPCC INRs of 1.6. All patients received additional blood products for
bypass or uncontrolled hemorrhage. There were no adverse events
related to PCC use.
Conclusion: This case series is the first to describe PCC use in paediatric ECLS patients. Prothrombin Complex Concentrates offer an
attractive alternative to fresh frozen plasma for urgent reversals in this
population due to small volume, fast product delivery, and pathogen
inactivation. This case series did not find any adverse events attributable to PCCs. Further investigation is warranted.
Disclosure of Interest: T. Noga: None declared, S. Nahirniak: None
declared, J. Conway: None declared, H. Buchholz: None declared, M.
Bauman: None declared, P. Massicotte: None declared, A. Bruce Consultant for: Novartis, Speaker Bureau of: Novartis.
PO456-MON
Antithrombin plasma levels and fibtem determination
in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
undergoing asparaginase treatment
Spiezia L1, Putti MC2, Campello E1, Maggiolo S1, Sartori MT1,
Todesco A2, Petris MG2, Sainati L2, Basso G2 and Simioni P1
1
Department of Medicine; 2Division of Pediatric Hematology and
Oncology, Department of Pediatrics,, University Of Padua,
Padua, Italy
Background: Children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are
currently treated with L Asparaginase (Asp). Coagulopathies frequently occur and guidelines for identification of patients at risk are
not yet established. Routine coagulation tests do not identify clinically
significant abnormalities. Antithrombin (AT) levels are the only reliable parameter for thrombotic risk. The Clauss method does not correctly detect very low levels of fibrinogen. Whole Blood Rotation
Thromboelastometry (ROTEM) using FIBTEM can identify hypofibrinogenemia and hemorrhagic risk in surgical patients. Maximum
Clot Firmness (MCF, normal value 925 mm) is the maximum amplitude in millimeters reached in FIBTEM and is used to assess the specific role of fibrinogen in whole blood clot formation following
inhibition of the platelets by Cytocalasin D.
Aims: To analyze the hemostatic profile using AT and ROTEM in children with ALL.
Methods: Forty two children (25 males, 17 females) were diagnosed
with ALL and treated with Pegilated LAsp (PEG Asp,
2500UI mq1per dose). ROTEM, AT, prothrombin time (PT), fibrinogen and a platelet count was performed at 5 fixed time-points before
and after each PEG Asp administration.
Results: Totally 798 AT and 706 FIBTEM tests were performed. Only
values of MCF >9 mm had a linear correlation with fibrinogen levels.
Plasma fibrinogen values <1 g l1 were only found in15% of cases
with low MCF. The PT was prolonged in only 5 cases (MCF 4
8 mm). Supplementation with AT or fibrinogen concentrates was suggested for patients with AT<50% or MCF<2 mm and decided on a
clinical basis.
Conclusion: The correlation between fibrinogene levels measured by
Clauss and fibrinogen function measured by MCF ROTEM was
shown only with higher MCF levels. The determination of fibrinogen
function by ROTEM is a more specific test to the conventional clotting profile in the management of Asp-induced coagulopathy in pediatric ALL.
PO457-MON
Warfarin therapy in children: can families safely and
efficiently monitor INRS at home?
Harney K1, Duzan J1, Murray J2, Forbes PW3, ONeil K1,
Mittler K2, Galvin R2, Neufeld EJ1, Michelson AD1 and Almond C2
1
Department of Hematology/Oncology; 2Department of
Cardiology; 3Clinical Research Program, Boston Childrens
Hospital, Boston, USA
Background: Limited data are available on the safety and effectiveness
of point of care (POC) international normalized ratio (INR) testing in
children and young adults, and whether families can be taught to doseadjust under practitioner guidance.
Aims: To evaluate in children and young adults the safety and efficacy
of POC testing and dose adjustments by the family.
Methods: Part I of the study consisted of utilizing the CoaguChek XS
at home with dose adjustments made by the practitioner. Part II consisted of self-dose adjustments based on home INR results. Three
cohorts were chosen: (1) new to warfarin, (2) established on warfarin,
and (3) low-adherence. An education program was completed prior to
enrollment. The primary endpoint was percent of time in the therapeutic range (TTR) and incidence of thrombotic and bleeding events.
Results: Of 124 eligible patients, 30 were enrolled. Median age was
16.4 years (range 425). Average TTRs for patients in cohorts 1 and 2
were 60% (SD 27%) and 73% (SD 18%), respectively (P = 0.24).
Cohort 2: INR control was no different before and after transition to
a home INR monitor (TTR 69% [lab] vs. 73% [home], P = 0.74).
Cohort 1: adherence was 100% during home testing. Cohort 2: adherence to INR tests was 98% during lab testing and 100% during inhome testing. Cohort 3 failed to enroll. Of the 30 total enrolled
patients, 12 were eligible for part II of whom 8 consented. During the
3rd-month family dose adjustment period, the TTRs of the 8 patients
were not significantly different (76% for part I vs. 70% for part II,
P = 0.36). None of the 15 family dose titrations were deemed to be
incorrect by the practitioners. There were no bleeding or thromboembolic events in the study.
Conclusion: POC testing and family dose adjustment can be performed
with safety and effectiveness in adherent families. Adherence to INR
testing at home was at least as good as in-laboratory testing. Data suggest low-adherence patients are difficult to recruit for studies.
ABSTRACTS
PO458-MON
Prophylactic enoxaparin in young infants are the
currently recommended doses too low?
Harney KM, Duzan J, Croteau SE, Grace R, Houlahan K,
Neufeld EJ, Michelson AD and Trenor C
Department of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Childrens
Hospital, Boston, USA
Background: Young infants often require increased dosing of enoxaparin to obtain therapeutic anti-Xa levels. However scant data are available on prophylactic enoxaparin dosing in this age group. Our
anticoagulation program retrospectively reviewed our experience with
prophylactic enoxaparin dosing in infants with a corrected gestational
age of less than or equal to 2 months.
Aims: To review and determine appropriate prophylactic enoxaparin
dosing in young infants.
Methods: Data were obtained from the Boston Childrens IRBapproved anticoagulation program data base of infants with the indication of prophylaxis, location in the neonatal intensive care unit
and fiscal year greater than 2008. Age, weight, enoxaparin dose per
kilogram and anti-Xa levels were compiled. Initial dosing was according to the ACCP Chest guidelines (0.5 - 0.75 mg kg1 SQ BID) with
goal anti-Xa 0.1 - 0.4 units mL1.
Results: Seven patients met the study entry criteria. Median age was
26 days (range 8 - 48). Median weight was 3.76 kg. Average initial enoxaparin dose was 0.68 mg kg1. Five of the 7 patients had anti-Xa
levels determined. Two of the 5 anti-Xa levels were undetectable (< 0.1
units mL1). The 3 detectable anti-Xa levels were 0.10, 0.13 and 0.14
units mL1.
Conclusion: These data support a change in prophylactic enoxaparin
dosing for young infants, given the insufficient anti-Xa levels with currently-recommended dosing strategies. We have therefore now
adjusted prophylaxis dosing in our institution to 0.85 mg kg1 q12 h
for post-menstrual age (PMA) 37 weeks and age <2 months and
1.0 mg kg1 q12 h for PMA <37 weeks and age <2 months. These
doses are half of our newly-adopted dose for therapeutic enoxaparin
in young infants based on recently published pharmacokinetics data.
PO459-MON
Thromboembolic events in children
Salcioglu Z, Sen HS, Tugcu D, Aydogan G, Gokce M, Bayram C,
Aycicek A and Akici F
Pediatric Hematology And Oncology Clinic, Kanuni Sultan
S
uleyman Education And Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
Background: The incidence of thromboembolic events in children has
increased dramatically. Early detection of risk factors in children
would minimize morbidity and mortality.
Aims: This study was aimed to analyze the data of 60 thromboembolic
events in children who were followed up in our hematologyoncology
clinic between 20002015, retrospectively.
Methods: Information of 60 patients were retrieved from patient files
and from the records contained in the electronic information processing environment created after 2005. Patient characteristics as well as
their ages, general data on the diagnosis, risk factors, management,
and duration of the treatment were recorded. Patients with leukemia
were excluded.
Results: Thirty five of the patients were males and 25 were females.
The age range was between four months-16 years. Presenting ages of
the patients were changing from one day to 12 years. Of the children 8
(13.3%) of the cases were neonates, 19 (31.7%) were infants less than
1 year old, and 33 (55%) were children over than 1 year old. Thromboembolic events were mostly located in central nervous system 37
(61.7%), deep venous system of the limbs 9 (15.1%), portal vein 4
427
(6.7%), renal vein 2 (3.3%), intracardiac 2 (3.3%), inferior vena cava 2

(3.3%), peripheral artery 2 (3.3%) and pulmonary embolism 2 (3.3%).
Inherited risk factors were present in 38 (63.3%) of the children. Ten
of the patients carried two risk factors (16.9%). MTHFR was the most
common inherited risk factor. Acquired risk factors were present in 31
(51.6%) of the children. Trauma was the most common underlying
risk factor. Acquired and inherited risk factors were present simultaneously in 13 (22%) of the patients.
Conclusion: Based on these data diagnosis, screening and treatment
issues will be discussed.
PO460-MON
Bivalirudin use in children on ecmo following Heparin
failure
Bauman M1, Massicotte P1, Bruce A2, Granoski D1, Lequier L3 and
Ryerson L3
1
Paediatrics; 2Haematology; 3Paediatric Critical Care, University
of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
Background: Extracorporeal membranous oxygenation (ECMO) is
challenging in children. Although, unfractionated heparin (UFH) is
used for circuit thromboprophylaxis it is not always successful. Bivalirudin (Bi) may be a safe and effective alternative.
Aims: To compare hemorrhage and thrombotic outcomes on UFH vs
Bi.
Methods: Cohort study of children who were unable to maintain a patent circuit on UFH were transitioned to Bi. Anti Factor Xa levels
(0.350.7 l mL1) and PTTs (60100 s) were targeted for patients on
UFH or Bi, respectively. Surrogate measures for thrombosis (Plasma
free hemoglobin, PFHg, component changes (circuit, oxygenator, and
pump) were collected.
Results: Five children, aged 1 month to 12 years who failed UFH were
transitioned to Bi. Mean days on UFH or Bi were 44 days and 9 days,
respectively. UFH doses ranged from 10 to 48u kg1h1 with Bi doses
ranging from 0.01 to 1.1 mg kg1 h1 titrated to achieve the monitoring targets. Mean transfused PRBCs on UFH or Bi were 26 and
25 mL1 kg1 per day, respectively. Mean transfused platelets on
UFH or Bi were 24 and 8 mL1 kg1 per day, respectively. Mean
PFHg on UFH or Bi was 103 and 99 mg dL1, respectively. There
were 0.05 circuit changes per ECMO day on UFH and 0.02 circuit
changes per ECMO day on Bi. Oxygenator changes were 0.02 per
ECMO day for UFH with no changes in the Bi group. No Pump
changes occurred in either group.
Conclusion: Bi appears to be a safe and effective alternative for pediatric ECMO patients who have failed UFH. Importantly, there were less
thrombotic complications including decreased PFHg levels and number of circuit and oxygenator changes in patients transitioned to Bi
with no increase in hemorrhagic complications (platelet consumption).
The limitations in this study are the small number of patients therefore; larger studies are required to confirm these findings.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Bauman: None declared, P. Massicotte Consultant for: NIH/NHLBI, A. Bruce: None declared, D. Granoski:
None declared, L. Lequier: None declared, L. Ryerson: None declared
428
ABSTRACTS
PO461-MON
Thromboembolic events in pediatric patients with
cyanotic congenital heart diseases in Srinagarind
hospital
Komvilaisak P, Wongswadiwat Y and Chaikitpinyo A
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen
University, Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen, Thailand
Background: Patients with cyanotic congenital heart diseases might
risk of thromboembolic events from multiple factors such as polycythemia, surgical procedures for symptomatic treatment.
Aims: To review patients with cyanotic congenital heart diseases who
developed TE.
Methods: Seven patients who developed TE were retrospectively
reviewed.
Results: Seven patients are 3 males, 4 females with age range from
2 months to 16 years transposition of great artery (1), pulmonic atresia (1), tricuspid atresia(1), and pulmonic stenosis(PS)(1). Presenting
symptoms include focal seizure (3), jaundice(1), heart failure with face
swelling(1), massive ascites(1), coldness and pulseless of leg(1). Three
patients post Fontan had clot at anastomosis(2) and Intrahepatic inferior vena ca thrombosis(1). Two patients post bidirectional Glenn
(BDG) shunt developed BDG shunt thrombosis (1) and right MCA
infarction (1). One patient post BlalockTaussig(BT) shunt had sinovenous thrombosis. One patient with PS developed arterial thrombosis
of leg post cardiac catheterization. One patient had arterial stroke and
sagittal sinus thrombosis related with polycythemia, infection and iron
deficiency anemia. Patients post BT shunt, Fontan and BDG shunt
received aspirin for thromboprophylaxis. Anticoagulation is given
including enoxaparin in 7 cases with incomplete resolution of thrombosis.
Conclusion: Risks of TE in patients with cyanotic heart disease might
be related to polycythemia, iron deficiency anemia, and surgical treatment. Thromboprophylaxis should be an important role of prevention
of TE post-surgical treatment.
PO462-MON
Phenomenon of hypercoagulability in children with
deep vein thrombosis
Gracheva M1, Zharkov P1, Seregina E1, Sepoyan H1, Poletaev A1
and Ataullakhanov F1,2,3,4,5,6
1
Federal Scientific Clinical Center of Pediatric Hematology,
Oncology and Immunology named after Dmitry Rogachev;
2
National Research Center for Hematology; 3Department of
Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University; 4The Faculty of
Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and
Technology; 5Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical
Pharmacology RAS; 6Research Department, HemaCore LLC,
Moscow, Russia
Background: Cancer, persistence of a central venous catheter (CVC)
and chemotherapy treatment are proven as risk factors for deep vein
thrombosis (DVT) in children. Hypercoagulability is a phenomenon
characterized by tendency to accelerate the process of clot formation
in vitro. However, the relationship of this phenomenon with clinical
outcome - thrombosis - is poorly understood.
Aims: To evaluate the presence of coagulation activation markers in
children with newly diagnosed deep vein thrombosis (DVT) using conventional and global coagulation assays.
Methods: Twenty children on specific anticancer therapy in age of
7 months to 16 years (median 4.5 years), 8 girls and 12 boys were
enrolled in this prospective observational study. DVT was confirmed
by Doppler ultrasonography. Conventional coagulation tests APTT,
INR, fibrinogen, D-dimer and global hemostasis test Thrombodynamics were used to assess coagulation status before anticoagulation treatment. Hypercoagulability was defined when APTT and/or INR were
below reference range or when fibrinogen and/or D-dimer and/or clot
growth velocity (V) in Thrombodynamics were above reference range.
Results: Among 20 patients (pts) CVC associated DVT was revealed in
16 pts. INR was in normal range in 16 pts (80%) and slightly increased
in 4 pts (20%). Fibrinogen concentration was reduced in 8 pts (40%),
normal in 11 pts (55%), increased in 1 pt (5%). APTT was prolonged in 4 pts (20%), normal- in 14 pts (70%), shortened in 2 pts
(10%). D-dimer concentration was increased in 14 pts (70%). V in
Thrombodynamics was reduced in 2 pts (5%), normal in 9 pts
(45%), increased in 9 pts (45%). Either D-dimer or Thrombodynamics were increased in most part of pts: hypercoagulability was revealed
in 17 pts (85%) at least by one of these tests and in 6 pts (30%) by
both.
Conclusion: Thrombodynamics and indirect marker of blood clotting,
D-dimer, especially their combination are supposed to be perspective
methods to reveal hypercoagulability in this cohort of patients.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Gracheva: None declared, P. Zharkov: None
declared, E. Seregina: None declared, H. Sepoyan: None declared, A.
Poletaev: None declared, F. Ataullakhanov Shareholder of: HemaCore LLC, Employee of: HemaCore LLC.
PO463-MON
Impact of inherited and acquired prothrombotic defects
(PD) on the development of symptomatic
thromboembolism (STE) in children with acute
lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) treated according to the
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI) 05-01 All-Therapy
Protocol
Athale U1, Laverdiere C2, Nayiager T3, Delva Y-L4, Foster G5,
Thabane L6 and Chan A1
1
Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton; 2Pediatrics, Ste.
Justine Hospital, Montreal; 3Pediatric Hematology/Oncology,
McMaster Childrens Hospital, Hamilton; 4Peditarics, Ste. Justin
Hospital, Montreal; 5Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics,
McMaster University, Hamilton; 6Clinical Epidemiology and
Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamiton, Canada
Background: Role of inherited or acquired PDs in development of TE
in patients (pts) with ALL is uncertain.
Aims: To define the effect of PD [low protein C, S, antithrombin (AT);
high Factor VIII and von Willebrand factor (vWF); gene polymorphisms of methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), prothrombin (PT), Factor V Leiden (FVL); anticardiolipin antibodies (ACLA)],
and other factors [age, ALL risk-group, asparaginase (ASP) type, total
white cell and blast count] on the development of objectively confirmed sTE in pts with ALL.
Methods: After institutional ethics approval consenting pts
(aged1- 18 years) with de novo ALL were enrolled on the study.
Samples for PD, collected prior to ALL therapy, were tested centrally.
PD was defined using age-adjusted standardized data. ALL diagnosis,
therapy and sTE data were collected. Regression analyses evaluated
relationship between risk factors and sTE.
Results: Of 131 pts [mean age (range) 6.4 (117) years.; 70 boys, 66
standard risk, 36 had PEG ASP] 20 (15%) had sTE. Prevalence of
FVL was 2.4%, PT 3.2% and MTHFR (T/T or C/T) 61%. Acquired
or inherited PDs had no impact on risk of sTE. Compared to pts without, pts with sTE were significantly older (P 0.048), had higher hemoglobin (P 0.041), higher total (P 0.048) and blast count (P 0.02) at
ALL diagnosis. Older age (Hazard ratio (HR) 1.1, P 0.03), ALL risk
type (HR 3.0, P 0.025) and vWF at diagnosis (HR 1.63, P 0.049)
affected TE-free survival. Presence of blasts had shorter, but non-sig 2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997
ABSTRACTS
nificant TE-free survival (HR 5.7, P 0.09). Pts with circulating blasts
had higher median vWF levels than those without (1.48 vs.1.24, Wilcoxon P = 0.038); blast count and vWF were significantly correlated (P
0.003).
Conclusion: In our cohort, presence of PD at the time of ALL diagnosis did not affect risk of sTE during therapy. Alongside older age and
ALL risk category, higher vWF and circulating blasts at diagnosis
may increase the risk of sTE. We recommend evaluating the role of
these novel risk factors in development of ALL-associated TE.
PO464-MON
Examining the feasibility of recombinant factor viia to
compensate for physiological or drug-induced
impairment of platelet function: an in-vitro study
Haidl H1, Schlagenhauf A1, Grangl G1, Cvrin G2, Gallistl S1 and
Muntean W1
1
Department of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine;
2
Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Medical University of Graz,
Graz, Austria
Background: Bleeding in neonates is a rare but serious event. Neonatal
platelets exhibit poor functionality in standard aggregation testing and
could, therefore, be responsible for bleeding episodes. The neonatal
physiological condition could be comparable to adult patients undergoing antiplatelet therapy e.g. with eptafibatide. In cases of refractory
bleedings recombinant factor VIIa (rVIIa) is a therapeutic option. This
drug is indicated in hemophiliacs with inhibitor and patients with
Glanzmanns thrombasthenia, but it is commonly used off-label as a
procoagulant agent in various bleeding situations.
Aims: Aim of our experiments was to evaluate the impact of rVIIa in
cord blood or adult samples incubated with eptafibatide in-vitro using
thrombelastogram measurements.
Methods: Blood samples were taken from healthy, adult volunteers
and from placentas immediately after birth (n = 5 each). Citrated
whole blood was analyzed with/without incubation with eptafibatide
in a final concentration of 1 lg mL1 for 15 min and/or rVIIa in a
concentration of 3.5 lg mL1 before measurement. Assays were performed with a TEM coagulation analyzer (ROTEM 05). 40 lL saline
containing tissue factor (final concentration 0.35 pmol l1) were added
to 300 lL of whole blood to start reaction. Specific thrombelastogram
parameters (CT, CFT, MCF and Alpha) were recorded and compared.
Results: Addition of rVIIa results in significantly shorter clotting times
in both, adult and cord blood samples.. Further there is a significant
shortening of clotting times by rVIIa in samples spiked with eptafibatide. A significant prolongation of clotting time and clot formation
time with epatfibatide is only present in cord blood samples. No
remarkable influence on MCF and alpha can be observed by these
drugs.
Conclusion: Our in vitro experiments indicate that rVIIa has procoagulant effects in adult as well as in cord blood, and could potentially be
beneficial in conditions of drug-induced platelet impairment.
429
PO465-MON
Assessing the association of FVIII and abo blood group
with deep vein thrombosis in pediatric oncology
patients
Halton J1, Spavor M2, Dietrich K2, Israels SJ3, Brandao L4, Liu Q5,
Yasui Y5 and Mitchell LG2
1
Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Childrens Hospital of Eastern
Ontario, Ottawa; 2Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of
Alberta, Edmonton; 3Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Winnipeg
Childrens Hospital, Winnipeg; 4Hematology/Oncology, Hospital
for Sick Children, Toronto; 5Public Health Sciences, University of
Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
Background: FVIII and ABO blood group have been associated with
deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in adults. However, to date, no studies
have been done in pediatrics.
Aims: To investigate the relationship of FVIII and ABO blood group
in association with DVT in pediatric oncology patients.
Methods: A case control study in survivors of childhood cancer
recruited in 5 Canadian centres. Cases consisted of survivors who had
experienced a DVT while being treated for pediatric cancer (n = 78).
Controls were survivors who did not experience DVT (n = 178). Clinical information including age at diagnosis and chemotherapy were collected. Genotyping of blood group was done by single nucleotide
polymorphisms (SNP) analysis identifying O and non-O blood groups
using 3 SNP: rs8176746, rs505922, rs8176719. FVIII activity levels
were measured on a STA compact. Logistic regression models were
used to estimate the association between FVIII levels and ABO group
with DVT. The multivariate regression included an interaction
between FVIII and ABO group, adjusted for centres, age at cancer
diagnosis and asparaginase. The odds ratio (OR) by 0.1 unit change in
FVIII levels was reported.
Results: FVIII levels were significantly increased in cases 1.5 0.5
l mL1 versus controls 1.2 0.4 l mL1 (P < 0.001). There were significantly more Non-O blood group in the cases 68.8% when compared to controls 51% (P = 0.015). In univariate analysis, both FVIII
(OR=1.15; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.071.23) and Non-O blood
type (OR=2.2; 95% CI: 1.24.1) were associated with DVT. When
multivariate analysis was performed with both FVIII and blood
group, only FVIII remained significant (OR=1.2; 95% CI: 1.11.3;
P = 0.002) and Non-O blood group was no longer significant
(OR=1.7; 95% CI: 0.83.6; P = 0.18). In multivariate analysis accessing the effect of FVIII by blood type, FVIII level was associated with
DVT only in patients with blood O type (OR=1.5; 95% CI: 1.21.8).
Conclusion: Increased FVIII levels are independently associated with
DVT in pediatric oncology patients.
Disclosure of Interest: J. Halton: None declared, M. Spavor: None
declared, K. Dietrich: None declared, S. Israels: None declared, L.
Brandao: None declared, Q. Liu: None declared, Y. Yasui: None
declared, L. Mitchell Consultant for: Bristol Myers Squibb.
430
ABSTRACTS
Post-thrombotic syndrome
PO466-MON
Denser clots predispose to post thrombotic syndrome
Bouman AC1, McPherson H2, Cheung YW3, Wolde MT3,
Cate HT1, Ariens RA2 and ten Cate-Hoek AJ1
1
Laboratory for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Maastricht
University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands; 2Division of
Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, Leeds Institute for
Genetics, Health and Therapeutics, Multidisciplinary
Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK;
3
Department of Internal Medicine, Flevohospital, Almere,
Netherlands
Background: Post thrombotic syndrome (PTS) is a chronic sequel of
deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Denser fibrin clot structure and
increased resistance to fibrinolysis is reported in DVT and other
thrombotic disorders. The role of fibrin structure in PTS is unknown.
Aims: Assess the fibrinolytic potential and clot structure in PTS.
Methods: Patients with a history of DVT were included in a case-control study: patients with PTS (cases n = 30) and without PTS (controls
n = 30), and 30 apparently healthy individuals (HI) without venous
thromboembolism (VTE) or venous insufficiency were enrolled. Medical ethical approval of the committee of the Maastricht University
Medical Centre, and written informed consent from all subjects was
obtained. Fibrinolysis and clot structure were assessed by turbidimetric assays, permeation, and confocal microscopy. Fibrinogen was measured by Clauss and fibrinogen c by ELISA.
Results: We observed a significant trend of decreasing maximum turbidity from HI (median 0.52 [IQR 0.460.62]), to controls (0.49 [IQR 0.41
0.55]), to cases (0.46 [IQR 0.390.49]) P = 0.020. Fibrinogen was lower
in patients (cases+controls) (3.69 g L1 [IQR 3.314.26]) compared to
HI (4.17 [IQR 3.694.65]) P = 0.041. Patients with recurrent VTE had
lower turbidity and permeation than patients with one episode of VTE
(P = 0.008, P = 0.047), differences remained but lost significance after
exclusion of patients on anticoagulant treatment (A/C). After adjustment for confounders, use of A/C showed an independent association
with reduced turbidity, permeation, and increase in fibrinogen. There
were no differences in lysis time, confocal microscopy, or fibrinogen c.
Conclusion: Lower maximum turbidity, indicating thinner fibers and
denser clots, was found in patients with PTS. Our data further indicate
that patients with recurrent VTE might have denser clots. Denser clots
may predispose for PTS as they may result in poor recanalization, outflow resistance, and venous hypertension.
PO467-MON
Practice variation in the treatment of DVT and
prevention of post thrombotic syndrome between
internists and vascular surgeons: a Canadian survey of
physician practices
Ikesaka RT1, Kahn S2, Galanaud J-P3, Vazquez FJ4, RocheNagle G5, Carrier M1, Gal GL6, Rodger M1 and Gandara E1
1
Hematology, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa; 2Center for Clinical
Epidemiology and Community Studies,, SMBD Jewish General
Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;
3
France; 4Internal Medicine, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires,
Buenos Aires, Argentina; 5Vascular Surgery, University Health
Network, Toronto; 6Hematology, Ottawa Hospital Research
Institute, Ottawa, Canada
Background: Recommendations for using anticoagulants and endovascular thrombus reduction (ETR) strategies for the treatment of deep
vein thrombosis (DVT) and preventing post thrombotic syndrome

(PTS) vary between different specialties.
Aims: To determine whether there is a difference in the approach to
management and prevention of DVT/PTS between internists and vascular surgeons.
Methods: A self-completed electronic survey with case scenarios was
distributed to members of Thrombosis Canada and the Canadian
Society for Vascular Surgery from Aug.-Oct. 2014.
Results: Of the 235 contacted, 84 (36%) answered the survey (51 internists and 33 surgeons). For management of ilio-femoral DVT, internists were less likely than surgeons to recommend ETR (45 vs.86%;
P = 0.0005), even for scenarios when a patient expressed concern
about PTS. In patients with popliteal DVT, both internists and surgeons favour the use of anticoagulation as first line treatment,
although surgeons were less likely to prescribe new oral anticoagulants
(vs. warfarin) compared to internists (6 vs. 65%; P < 0.0001). A similar proportion of internists and surgeons would recommend the use of
ETR in patients with popliteal DVT concerned about PTS. There was
no difference in the prescription of graduated compression stockings
(GCS) between groups (P = 0.14). Surgeons had better access to endovascular procedures for DVT than internists (97% vs. 53%;
P < 0.0001). For surgeons, the primary barrier to prescribing ETR
reported was MD unfamiliarity with indications for the procedure
(27%), while for internists, it was lack of trained personnel (22%).
Conclusion: Our survey found significant practice variation between
internists and vascular surgeons for the treatment of DVT and prevention of PTS; both groups continue to frequently use GCS despite the
findings of recent studies. Future studies should address how to
improve knowledge translation in order to ensure evidence based care
is prescribed to patients with DVT regardless of the speciality of the
treating physician.
PO468-MON
Two weeks of low molecular weight heparin for
isolated symptomatic distal vein thrombosis (twister
study): interim analysis of first 100 patients post
thrombotic syndrome sub-study
Merriman E1, Chunilal S2, McRae S3, Brighton T4 and Tran H5,6
1
Haematology, North Shore Hospital, AUCKLAND, New Zealand;
2
Haematology, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne;
3
Haematology, SA Pathology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide;
4
Haematology, South Eastern Area Laboratory Service SEALS,
Prince of Wales Hospital, New South Wales; 5Haematology, The
Alfred Hospital; 6Haematology, Australian Centre for Blood
Diseases, Melbourne, Australia
Background: Most deep vein thrombi (DVT) originate from a small
calf vein (distal vein) thrombus, however 8090% of distal DVT lyse
spontaneously and are probably of minimal clinical consequence. The
treatment and management of isolated distal DVT (IDDVT) thrombi
is controversial, with treatments ranging from withholding of anticoagulation and a repeat compression vein ultrasound (CUS) of the leg
veins in a week, to 3 months of full dose anticoagulation.
Aims: The TWISTER Study is a multicentre Australasian study examining the safety of 2 weeks of anticoagulation for a first episode of
symptomatic IDDVT. The primary outcome is symptomatic recurrence of venous thrombosis DVT and pulmonary embolism, PE)
within 3 months.
Methods: Patients with confirmed symptomatic distal DVT received
2 weeks of therapeutic anticoagulation (enoxaparin or rivaroxaban)
and had a repeat CUS at the end of 2 weeks. If the patient was asymptomatic and there was no proximal DVT extension on CUS, treatment
was stopped. If the patient was still symptomatic then treatment was
continued for a further 4 weeks.
ABSTRACTS
Results: An interim analysis of the first 100 patients was performed.
Ninety-three received enoxaparin; 7 received rivaroxaban. The duration of anticoagulation was 2 weeks (1 week) for 77 patients,
6 weeks for 21 patients (with 2 receiving an additional 6 weeks at the
investigators discretion), and 3 months for 2 patients due to asymptomatic proximal extension on the 2 week CUS. There were also 5
extensions within the distal venous system, with all occurring whilst on
full dose anticoagulation. There has been one VTE recurrence within
3 months (1.3%; 95%CI 03.8%), a distal DVT in the contralateral
leg. All events were reviewed by three blinded adjudicators.
Conclusion: Our preliminary data suggest 2 weeks of therapeutic anticoagulation is sufficient for the majority of patients (77%) with a first
episode of symptomatic IDDVT, with a low rate of VTE recurrence
within 3 months (1.3%).
Disclosure of Interest: E. Merriman Grant/Research Support from: Sanofi-Aventis, Consultant for: Bayer, Glaxo-Smith-Kline, S. Chunilal
Consultant for: Bayer, S. McRae: None declared, T. Brighton Consultant for: Bayer Health Care, Speaker Bureau of: Bayer Australia,
GSK, Sanofi-Aventis, Novo Nordisk, H. Tran Consultant for: Bayer
Health Care, Biogen Idec, Baxter, Speaker Bureau of: Bayer Australia,
GSK, Novo Nordisk.
PO469-MON
Frequency of persistently abnormal echocardiography
after acute pulmonary embolism
Gundert E1, Kline JA1, Jimenez D2, Font L3, Lorente M4, Pagan B5,
Maly R6, Vehamme P7 and Monreal M8
1
Emergency Department, Indiana University, Indianapolis, USA;
2
Pneumology, Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid; 3Hematology,
Hospital de Tortosa Verge de la Cinta, Tarragona; 4Internal
Medicine, Hospital de la Agencia Valenciana de Salud Vega Baja,
Alicante; 5Internal Medicine, Hospital de Mardid Norte
Sanchinarro, Madrid, Spain; 6Cardiovascular Medicine,
University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic, Czech
Republic; 7Cardiology, UL Leuven Gasthuisberg Campus, Leuven,
Belgium; 8Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias
i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
Background: Successful treatment of acute pulmonary embolism (PE)
should aim to reduce right ventricular (RV) dysfunction (RVD) and
pulmonary hypertension (PH). Current literature does not allow an
estimation of the frequency of persistet abnormailites, nor does it provide predictors of persistent echocardiography (echo) abnormailty.
Aims: Determine from a large prospective, multi-national registry of
patients with venous thromboembolism: 1) the frequency of persistent
abnormality among patients who undergo repeat echo 2) What echo
abnormalities predict persistence 3) Stratification of echo results by
treatment.
Methods: Utilizing the Registro Infomatizado de pacientes con Enfermedad TromboEmb
olica (RIETE) registry, we queried all patients
with PE and DVT (DVT was included because many patients with DVT
who had an echo had high probability of PE) and RVD/PH was defined
as RV hypokinesis, RV diastolic diameter >42 mm, or TAPSE <16 mm,
or an estimated pulmonary artery systolic pressure > 40 mm Hg.
Results: We examined 31,817 with PE and 26,917 with DVT and possible PE (n = 53,738). The echo was abnormal in 6058 (52.2%) at the
time of diagnosis. Of the 352/738 (47.7%) patients with a persistently
abnormal echo, the presence of abnormal TAPSE on initial echo was
found to be a positive predictor of persistent echo abnormality (OR
1.8, 95% CI 1.422.51) while RV hypokinesis was not. With regards to
patients with with persistent TAPSE abnormality only 2 (0.5%) were
treated with fibrinolysis, the remainder receiving LMWH or heparin.
Conclusion: In patients with confirmed or probable PE, an initial echo
is frequently abnormal and the presence of an abnormal TAPSE may
431
predict an increased risk of persistent echo abnormality. Within

2 years, only 12% patients with an abnormal initial echo had a followup echo as standard care, and 47.7% had persistent RVD/PH. Few
were treated with fibrinolysis. These data indicate the lack of knowledge of the natural history of RVD/PH from PE treated with anticoagulants alone.
PO470-MON
Toll-like 9 gene expression in the post thrombotic
syndrome, residual thrombosis and recurrent deep
venous thrombosis: a casecontrol study
Cheung W1, Bouman A2, Castoldi E3, Wielders S3, Spronk H2,
Cate H2, ten Cate-Hoek A2 and Wolde M1
1
Department of Internal Medicine, Flevohospital, Almere;
2
Laboratory for Thrombosis and Hemostasis; 3Department of
Biochemistry, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht,
Netherlands
Background: Post thrombotic syndrome (PTS) is a prevalent, but
poorly understood, chronic complication of deep venous thrombosis
(DVT). Animal models suggest that toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) promotes thrombus resolution after acute DVT.
Aims: To assess whether the TLR9 expression is lower in patients with
PTS and investigate whether this is associated with residual thrombosis (RT) and recurrence.
Methods: Patients with a history of DVT with PTS (cases), and without PTS after minimal 24 months follow-up (controls), were selected.
Healthy individuals (HI) without DVT were included as reference.
TLR9 mRNA expression in leukocytes was determined by qPCR and
normalized to the housekeeping gene Succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit A using the DDCt method. The Kruskal-Wallis test was
used to compare TLR9 expression levels, post-hoc Mann-Whitney U
test was performed on significant Kruskal-Wallis results. Subanalyses
were performed to explore the TLR9 expression in patients with and
without RT and multiple DVT episodes.
Results: Eighty nine subjects were included: 30 cases, 30 controls and
29 HI. The median TLR9 expression was 0.45 (range 0.171.55), 0.39
(range 0.011.88) and 0.62 (range 0.141.27) in cases, controls and HI
respectively (P = 0.6). RT was present in 25 (42%) patients with DVT.
The median TLR9 expression was 0.39 (range 0.160.96) in these
patients compared to 0.55 (range 0.011.88, P = 0.1) in those without
RT. The median TLR9 expression was significantly lower in patients
who had one DVT compared to patients with recurrent DVT, 0.37
(range 0.011.88) vs. 0.55 (range 0.231.55) respectively (P < 0.01).
Conclusion: No significant difference in TLR9 expression was found
between cases, controls and HI. However TLR9 expression seems
lower in individuals with DVT and RT, albeit not significant. Interestingly, in patients with recurrent DVT the TLR9 expression was significantly higher compared to patients with one DVT, suggesting ongoing
activation of immunity in patients with recurrent DVT.
432
ABSTRACTS
PO471-MON
Patients preferences regarding elastic compression
stocking therapy for the prevention of post thrombotic
syndrome
Bouman A1,2, ten Cate-Hoek A1, Dirksen C2, Joore M2 and on
behalf of the IDEAL DVT investigators
1
Laboratory for Thrombosis and Hemostasis; 2Department of
Clinical Epidemiology and Medical Technology Assessment
(KEMTA), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht,
Netherlands
Background: Elastic compression stocking (ECS) therapy is used for
the prevention of post thrombotic syndrome (PTS) after deep vein
thrombosis (DVT). Current evidence on its effectiveness is conflicting.
Compliance, one of the most important determinants of effectiveness
of ECS therapy, remained largely ignored in former studies.
Aims: To assess preferences concerning characteristics of ECS therapy
in patients after DVT, in order to elicit determinants of compliance.
Methods: A discrete choice experiment (DCE) was conducted in
patients 3 months after DVT enrolled in the IDEAL DVT study, a
randomized controlled trial comparing 2 years ECS therapy to individually tailored duration of ECS therapy for the prevention of PTS.
Nine unlabelled, forced, choice sets of two hypothetical types of ECS
were presented to each patient. The ECS was described by 8 characteristics. A Bayesian efficient design was used to generate the choice sets.
The data were analysed with multinomial logit models.
Results: The respondent sample consisted of 81% (200/247) of invited
patients. Both treatment groups were equally represented. Significant
determinants of preference were, in order of importance: 1. PTS risk
reduction, 2. being able to put on the ECS independently, 3. duration
of ECS therapy, 4. reduction of current complaints, 5. comfort of
wearing, and 6. whether the ECS could be machine washed and dried.
Costs and appearance of the ECS did not significantly influence preference. Patients were willing to increase therapy duration with one year
for an additional PTS risk reduction of 10%. However, patients also
accepted an increase in PTS risk of 29%, if they would be able to put
on the ECS themselves.
Conclusion: For the patients in this study, risk reduction of PTS and
the ability to put on the ECS without help are the most important
characteristics. Patient education on PTS, but also enabling patient
independence by improvement of and access to assistive aids for putting on/removing ECS, could maximize compliance in these patients.
Disclosure of Interest: A. Bouman Grant/Research Support from: ZonMw the Netherlands grant number 171102007, A. ten Cate-Hoek
Grant/Research Support from: ZonMw the Netherlands grant number
171102007, C. Dirksen: None Declared, M. Joore Grant/Research
Support from: ZonMw the Netherlands grant number 171102007.
PO472-MON
Comparison of self-rated and professional-rated scores
of the villalta scale for evaluation of the postthrombotic syndrome in patients with proximal deep
vein thrombosis
Isaksen T1,2, Tichelaar V2, Skjeldestad F3, Brodin E1,2, Vik A1,2,
Singh K4 and Hansen J-B1,2
1
Norway, Troms, Norway; 2Thrombosis Research and Expertise
Center TREC, Department of Clinical Medicine, Uit-The Arctic
University of Norway; 3Department of Community Medicine, UIT
The Arctic University of Norway, Research Group Epidemiology
of Chronic Diseases; 4Department of Radiology, University
Hospital of North Norway, Troms, Norway, Troms, Norway
Background: The Villalta scale (VS) is a widely accepted tool to assess
development of post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) in patients with deep
vein thrombosis (DVT), and includes scoring of both symptoms and

signs. Traditionally it necessitates a clinical visit and scoring by a
trained health-professional. Previous studies have shown good agreement between professional-rating of VS, but recently some researchers
have administered the VS as a patient-rated questionnaire, even
though this approach has not been validated.
Aims: Our aim was to evaluate the inter-rater agreement of the VS
between patients and professionals in a clinical setting.
Methods: In a retrospective cohort of 61 patients with DVT treated
with catheter-directed thrombolysis, professional-rated VS scores were
compared with patient-rated VS scores 15141 months after the diagnosis, accompanied with quality of life measures (QOL) (SF-36 and
VEINES). We calculated Cohens kappa (unweighted) as a measure of
the inter-observer variability.
Results: The apparent prevalence of PTS (VS score 5) (69 vs. 52%,
P < 0.01) and severe PTS (15) (20 vs. 5%, P < 0.02) was higher for
patient-rated than for professional-rated scoring of PTS. The interrater agreement for PTS (PTS yes/no: Kappa 0.40, CI: 0.190.62) was
lower than previously reported between professionals (Kappa 0.71).
However, the correlation between total scores was strong (Spearman
rho = 0.73, P < 0.01). The total score of signs was 1.8 2.1
(meanSD) for professional-rated and 4.3 4.0 for patient-rated
(P < 0.01). Patient- and professional-rated VS were inversely related
to both QOL measures (P < 0.01).
Conclusion: The prevalence of PTS was overestimated by patients,
mainly due to higher ratings of PTS-related signs. Consequently, interrater agreement of the VS between professional and patients appeared
to be lower than previously reported between professionals.
PO473-MON
Is post thrombotic syndrome perceived to be a
clinically relevant outcome?: A survey of physician
priorities
Ikesaka R1, Kahn S2, Galanaud J-P3, Vazquez F4, Roche-Nagle G5,
Carrier M1, Gal G6, Rodger M1 and Gandara E1
1
Hematology, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa; 2Center for Clinical
Epidemiology and Community Studies,, SMBD Jewish General
Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;
3
France; 4Internal Medicine, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires,
Buenos Aires, Argentina; 5Vascular Surgery, University Health
Network, Toronto; 6Hematology, Ottawa Hospital Research
Institute, Ottawa, Canada
Background: Despite being a major source of morbidity in patients
with deep vein thrombosis (DVT), the perceived importance of post
thrombotic syndrome (PTS) as a clinical outcome by physicians is
unknown.
Aims: To determine whether treating clinicians feel that PTS and
severe PTS are a relevant endpoint.
Methods: An internet survey was distributed to the members of
Thrombosis Canada and The Society of Vascular Surgeons of Canada.
The survey was open from Aug. 2014-Oct. 2014. Responses were
obtained on a 5 point Likert scale with references: 1(irrelevant), 3
(important) and 5(very important) or as multiple options yes, no or
uncertain. Stastistics calculated by Chi squared analysis.
Results: Of the 235 initially contacted 84 (36%) answered the survey
(51 internists and 33 vascular surgeons). Any PTS was ranked as significantly less important as an outcome than recurrent DVT, PE during treatment, major bleeding, death, quality of life, venous ulceration
and severe PTS (all P < 0.05). No major differences were noted
between surgeons and non-surgeons in how they perceived the importance of outcomes except for recurrent DVT, which was ranked as less
ABSTRACTS
important by surgeons as compared to internists (P < 0.0001). When
presented with the results of the CaVenT study by Enden et al. (Lancet
2012), clinicians were divided on whether a 14% absolute reduction in
PTS was clinically relevant, with similar numbers answering: Yes
38%, Uncertain 34%, and No 28% (P = 0.59). There was a trend
towards surgeons being more likely to feel that a change of 14% was
relevant compared to internists (P = 0.14).
Conclusion: Our survey determined that PTS in general is not appreciated as an important endpoint as compared to other clinical outcomes,
however, severe PTS is considered important. Results of upcoming
DVT treatment studies exploring more aggressive endovascular strategies to prevent PTS may not lead to a change in current practice unless
they are adequately powered to show differences in more relevant clinical outcomes, including severe PTS.
PO474-MON
Exercise limitation in chronic post-thrombotic
iliofemoral vein obstruction
Luboshitz J1, Segal M2, Reuveny R2 and Ben Dov I2
1
National Hemophilia Center; 2Pulmunary Institute, Sheba
Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
Background: Chronic residual venous occlusion after deep vein thrombosis (DVT) may result in reduced exercise capacity
Aims: We aimed to study exercise physiology in post-DVT patients
complaining of effort intolerance.
Methods: Exercise physiology was assessed by bimodality incremental
symptom-limited cardiopulmonary exercise testing using leg or arm
cycle ergometers. Subjects were 6 post-DVT patients with residual iliofemoral vein occlusion, complaining of effort intolerance, with no
cause identified by standard workup; controls were 8 healthy volunteers. Leg vein obstruction was modeled by application of cuff tourniquets, inflated to 30 mmHg, to the thighs. Results are median (range).
Results: Leg exercise tolerance as measured by oxygen consumption at
peak exercise (peak VO2) was reduced (46% predicted (3667%) in
patients vs 89% (77130%) in controls, P = 0.007). Arm exercise tolerance was also reduced, but less severely than in the legs the arm/leg
ratio of peak VO2 was 1.14 (0.771.43) in patients vs 0.71 (0.61.0) in
controls, P < 0.003. In controls, bilateral leg vein obstruction by application of tourniquets reduced peak VO2 in leg exercise to 76% predicted (55106%) vs 89% (77130%) in the standard test, P < 0.05.
Conclusion: The comparison of exercise capacity in arm vs leg exercise
of post-DVT patients with residual iliofemoral vein occlusion, and the
effect of experimental venous obstruction (thigh tourniquets) in
healthy controls, suggest that reduced exercise capacity in the patients
is caused by reduced venous return, as simulated in the controls.
Chronic venous obstruction should be recognized as an exercise limiting factor.
433
PO475-MON
Advancing the diagnosis of pediatric post-thrombotic
syndrome: a foundation for the improvement and
standardization of its measurement tools
Avila M1, Brandao L1, Williams S1, Montoya M1, Stinson J2,
Kiss A3, Ward L4, Corrales I1 and Feldman B1
1
Pediatrics; 2Nursing Research, Centre for Nursing, The Hospital
for Sick Children; 3Research Design and Biostatistics, Sunnybrook
Health Sciences, Toronto, Canada; 4School of Chemestry and
Molecular Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane,
Australia
Background: The existing tools for diagnosis of post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) in children have acknowledged limitations, stressing the
need for their improvement.
Aims: To determine the diagnostic performance of different measurement techniques for signs and symptoms (S&S) of upper and lower
limb (UL/LL) PTS in children.
Methods: Twenty-nine unique PTS S&S, collected from a survey of
pediatric thrombosis experts (n = 24) and interviews of patients with
PTS (n = 16), were defined and measured using state-of-the-art techniques in children at risk of PTS, 6 months after diagnosis of UL or
LL deep vein thrombosis. S&S were grouped in 4 domains: 1) pain
and other PTS symptoms, 2) limb edema, 3) skin signs, 4) PTS impact.
The diagnostic performance of each S&S [area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), positive/negative likelihood ratio
(LR+/LR-)] for PTS diagnosis was determined for UL&LL (stratified
analysis). Ethics approval and informed consent were obtained.
Results: UL stratum: 55 patients, median (IQR) age 6 (4) years, had a
PTS frequency of no/mild/mod/severe= 56%, 29%, 13%, 2%. The
best performing measurements per domain were: 1) PTS symptoms
questionnaire (AUC 0.72, P < .001/LR+12.9/LR-0.6); 2) truncated
cone technique (AUC 0.72, P = .002/LR+2.0/LR-0.7); 3) Boulden
scale (AUC 0.72, P = .001/LR+ 3.9/LR- 0.7); 4) endurance as per the
self-perceived fitness questionnaire (SPFQ, AUC 0.61, P = 0.03/
LR+4.4/LR- 0.8)
LL stratum: 63 patients, median (IQR) age 7 (8) years, had a PTS frequency of no/mild/mod/severe = 46%, 40%, 14%, 0%. The best performing measurements per domain were: 1) adolescent pediatric pain
tool (AUC 0.81, P < .001/LR+ NE/LR-0.4); 2) bioimpedance ratio
(AUC 0.66, P = 0.02/LR+3.4/LR-0.9); 3) No discriminative ability for
durometry, skin temperature and Boulden scale was found; 4) endurance as per the SPFQ (AUC 0.65 P < 0.001/LR+9.4/LR- 0.7)
Conclusion: Measurement techniques for PTS S&S have different diagnostic properties; their evaluation will allow experts to standardize
and improve PTS diagnosis in children.
PO476-MON
Fibrinogen characteristics help predict chronic
thrombotic venous disease after acute deep vein
thrombosis
Fernandes T1, Marsh J1, Chiles P1, Gamst A2, Wolfson T2,
Moore R3, Gugiu G3, Lee T3 and Morris T1
1
Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine;
2
Computational and Applied Statistics Laboratory, San Diego
Supercomputer Center, University of California, San Diego, San
Diego, California; 3Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope,
Duarte, California, United States
Background: Chronic thrombotic venous disease (CTVD) is defined by
symptomatic venous obstruction that persists after anticoagulation for
deep venous thrombosis (DVT).
434
ABSTRACTS
Aims: We examined whether knowledge about the structure and function of fibrinogen, in addition to clinical data, improves the prediction
of which DVT patients resolve venous patency vs. develop CTVD.
Methods: We compared cases with CTVD to controls who had complete resolution after DVT. Clinical data and fibrinogen structure,
function and post-translational modification were examined as potential predictors of CTVD. A parsimonious Classification and Regression Tree (CART) model was constructed to differentiate cases from
controls.
Results: A model that relied on a clinical history of prior venous
thromboembolism and then characteristics of both the fibrinogen
function (as measured by lysis time) and structure (as measured by
post-translational sialylation of the fibrin B-beta chain) informally had
the best performance characteristics relative to models with clinical
data alone. The combined model correctly predicted CTVD vs. recovery in 65/77 patients, with raw accuracy of 84.4% (95% CI 74.4
91.7%). The models raw sensitivity was 89.4% (95% CI 76.996.5%),
and its raw specificity was 76.7% (95% CI 57.790.1%).
Conclusion: Fibrinogen plays a key role in the development of persistent defects after an acute thrombosis and can be used to predict
recovery.
PO477-MON
Residual thrombus mass and incidence of post
thrombotic syndrome in patients treated with VKA or
non-VKA oral anticoagulants in phase-III DVT
treatment trials
Werth S, Paternoga I, Tittl L, Weiss N and Beyer-Westendorf J
Angiology, University Hospital Dresden, Dresden, Germany
Background: Post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) is a frequent complication of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and 510% of patients develop
severe PTS. Venous obstruction due to residual thrombus is a main
risk factor for PTS development. Compared to vitamin-K-antagonists
(VKA), non-VKA oral anticoagulants (NOACs) were found similarly
effective to prevent recurrent DVT. However, little is known about the
reduction of clot burden and the impact on PTS rates of NOACs compared to VKA.
Aims: To evaluate PTS incidence of PTS in long-term follow up after
DVT therapy with NOAC or VKA.
Methods: During 2014, all patients treated for acute DVT in previous
phase-III NOAC trials at our site were invited for late follow-up
including assessment of PTS and residual clot burden, quantified with
an ultrasound clot burden score (CBS).
Results: 229 of our 305 NOAC trial patients (75.1%) were available
for follow-up. Baseline characteristics were similar for 113 NOAC and
116 VKA patients. Mean duration of anticoagulation was
8.2 3.6 months and mean duration between DVT diagnosis and follow-up was 38.8 15.9 months, during which 26 patients (11.4%)
developed recurrent VTE.
Mean clot burden score at DVT diagnosis was 16.0 8.6 in NOAC
and 17.6 8.9 in VKA patients (P = 0.15) and, at follow-up,
decreased to 4.2 4.8 and 4.6 5.3, respectively (P = 0.48).
At follow-up, mean Villalta score was 4.1 2.8 and similar for
NOAC (3.9 2.5) and VKA (4.2 3.1; P = 0.49). A Villalta-Score
5 (represents PTS) was found in 33.6% of NOAC and 39.7% of
VKA patients (P = 0.456). A Villalta score of 1014 (moderate PTS)
was found in 1.8% of NOAC and 6.9% of VKA patients (P = 0.12).
No venous ulcers were observed.
Conclusion: 30 to 40% of patients develop PTS after VTE with moderate PTS occurring in 2 to 7%. While clot burden at diagnosis was similar at baseline and demonstrated similar reduction during follow-up,
rates of overall PTS and moderate PTS were numerically more com-
mon in VKA patients, which was not statistically significant, probably

due to our limited cohort size.
PO478-MON
The role of inflammation in post-thrombotic syndrome
after pregnancy-related venous thrombosis
Wik H1, Jacobsen A2,3 and Sandset P1,2
1
Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital;
2
University of Oslo; 3Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology,
Oslo University Hospital, OSLO, Norway
Background: Studies have suggested that inflammation may play a role
in the pathophysiology of the post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS).
Aims: To investigate whether patients with PTS after pregnancyrelated deep vein thrombosis (DVT) have elevated inflammatory
markers.
Methods: The present study included 313 women with pregnancyrelated venous thrombosis during 19902003 and 353 controls. All
women answered a comprehensive questionnaire and donated a single
blood sample in 2006. In this sub-study only cases with DVT in a
lower limb were included, whereas women, who were pregnant or were
using anticoagulants or oral contraceptives at the time of blood sampling, were excluded. The final study population comprized 182
women with pregnancy-related DVT. PTS was diagnosed when a selfreported Villalta score was >4, moderate/severe PTS when the score
was >9. As possible predictors of PTS or moderate to severe PTS we
included the inflammatory markers high sensitivity CRP, interleukin
(IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, and the
two adhesion molecules intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 and
vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1.
Results: 41% (95% CI 3448) of cases with pregnancy-related DVT in
the lower limb were diagnosed with PTS 316 years after index pregnancy; 19% (95% CI 1325) had moderate or severe PTS. In univariate analysis using >90th percentiles among controls as cut-offs, only
IL-10 was significantly associated with PTS (OR 10.8, 95% CI 1.3
89.8, P = 0.009), but not when adjusting for postnatal postpartum
DVT, age, and regular smoking before pregnancy, which have previously been found to be independently associated with PTS in this population. Moderate to severe PTS were also not associated with the
inflammatory markers.
Conclusion: Women with a history of pregnancy-related DVT who
developed PTS did not have elevated inflammatory markers consistent
with no or minimal systemic inflammation.
PO479-MON
Mom, why should I wear these socks? Taking the first
step in the journey to understanding the role of
compression garments in the treatment of pediatric
post-thrombotic syndrome
Montoya M1, Avila M1, Vincelli J2 and Brand~
ao L1
1
Pediatrics; 2Nursing, The Hospital For Sick Children, Toronto,
Canada
Background: Elastic compression stockings/sleeves (ECS) are the cornerstone of treatment of post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS). Research
in adults has found non-compliance rates as high as 63%, highlighting
its importance in intervention-efficacy research. Little is known about
the use of ECS in pediatrics.
Aims: To explore barriers in the compliance to ECS in children with
PTS as a basis for improving the efficacy of this treatment.
ABSTRACTS
Methods: Following a phenomenological design to qualitative
research, children with a PTS diagnosis who had been prescribed ECS
were enrolled until reaching data saturation. Patients/parents interviews were semi -structured; the dyad approach was used to interview
younger patients. Also, PTS symptoms and functional impact were
assessed [PTS symptoms questionnaire and the Pediatric Outcome
Data Collection Instrument (PODCI)]. Three compliance levels were
defined: C1 Full, ECS use as instructed; C2 Partial, ECS use not as
prescribed; and C3 None, no ECS use. Ethics approval and informed
consents were obtained.
Results: 17 patients with a median (IQR) age of 15 (7) yrs, 5 (4) PTS
symptoms, and global PODCI score of 88 (11) were enrolled. Compliance distribution was: C1 40%/C2 30%/C3 30%. Six barriers were
identified: lack of patient understanding of their condition (47% of
patients); ECS discomfort (47%); ECS appearance (41%); difficulty to
apply ECS (41%); no perceived benefits (35%); cost (18%); cultural
factors (6%). Interestingly, 2 facilitators were also established: clinician knowledge transfer (CKT) and access to specialized ECS care,
which enhanced the patients ability to overcome all barriers, except
cost and cultural factors. Effective CKT strongly influenced compliance levels (C1 100%/C2 40%/C3 0% P = .001).
Conclusion: The described barriers and facilitators to ECS compliance
provide a framework to understand and improve the use and efficacy
of the only known PTS treatment. The next step is a trial of smart
compression garments for an in-depth analysis of this framework.
PO480-MON
Inadequate anticoagulation is the only risk factor for
development of post thrombotic syndrome in
unprovoked deep vein thrombosis
Mishra P, Kishor K, Seth T, Mahapatra M and Saxena R
Hematology, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
Background: Post thrombotic syndrome (PTS) is a cause for morbidity
in patients suffering from deep vein thrombosis (DVT).
Aims: To identify risk factors for PTS in patients with unprovoked
DVT.
Methods: We conducted a prospective study of patients presenting with
unprovoked lower limb DVT. Patients with secondary acquired causes
such as surgery, malignancy were excluded. Patients wore compression
elastic stockings below knee from early morning to bed-time for prevention of PTS. PTS was analysed and graded as per the Villalta PTS
scale. Patients received anticoagulation and monitored as per standard
guidelines. Adequate anticoagulation was assessed by time to anticoagulation (>1 month taken as inadequate) and/or INR of 23 on atleast
50% of visits. A prothrombotic work up for inheritable and immunological causes was done as part of this study. We also studied SNP
mutations for tissue factor (TF 603A/G, TF 5466A/G) and tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI 287T/C, 536C/T, 399C/T, 33T/C).
Results: 77 patients were enrolled (60males, 17 females); median age
30 years (range 16 years-65 years); median time to anticoagulation
30 days (1 day-10 years). 44(57%) received adequate anticoagulation.
PTS was noted in 50(64.9%). An inheritable or acquired prothrombotic state was noted in 12 (8 had hyperhomocysteinemia, 3 had low protein C, 2 had low protein S, 1 patient had factor V Leiden mutation; 1
patient each had anti b2-GPI and DsDNA; 4 patients had >1 defect).
Four patients with pre-existing thrombophilic state had PTS despite
adequate anticoagulation and no other risk factors; 2 were inadequately anticoagulated and 1 was a chronic smoker. The remaining 5
had no PTS. 19 patients in the adequately anticoagulated group developed PTS (43%) as compared to 31/33 in the inadequately treated
group (94%); P < 0.0001. None had a TFPI 536 C/T mutation. However, of the remaining 5 mutations studied, all patients had one mutation or other.
435
Conclusion: Inadequate anticoagulation was the only variable contributing to development of PTS.
PO481-MON
Patient compression hosiery concordance
Benson G, Lavery R and Speers H
Haematology, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast,
United Kingdom
Background: The Belfast Trust Venous thromboembolism (VTE)
Clinic manages the treatment and review of outpatients diagnosed
with deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE) and
superficial thrombophlebitis (STP). In keeping with NICE clinical
guidelines 144 (2012), the VTE clinic offers below knee graduated
compression hosiery. The advice is given to the patients to continue
wearing the stocking(s) for at least two years, with the garment(s) to
be replaced according to manufacturers instructions.
Aims: To review all cases of DVT prresenting for outpatient management and assess whether a repeat prescription of compression hosiery
was provided by their primary care physician
Methods: Using the electronic care record (ECR) the team were able to
determine if the patients who attended during 2013, were prescribed
compression hosiery as requested by the VTE clinic and if the patients
were issued a repeat prescription.
Results: Of 189 outpatients attending the VTE clinic, 117 had a DVT.
Compression was contraindicated in 14, 2 patients refused to wear. 8
patients were lost to follow-up, including 4 deceased, 3 not resident in
N.I and 1 patient whose demographics were not matching on ECR. In
total 93 patients were reviewed electronically. 48 patients had prescriptions issued initially. Only 25 patients were recorded on ECR as having
compression as a repeat prescription.
Conclusion: We were able to conclude, that in general, focus of VTE
management is on anticoagulation, with little appreciation or understanding of the impact of post thrombotic syndrome. As result of our
findings, we have incorporated a number of measures, to provide a
more seamless transfer of care and improve both professional and
patient awareness and concordance.
Rare bleeding disorders I

PO482-MON
The utility of thrombelastography and multiplate as
screening tools for rare inherited bleeding disorders
not associated with a coagulation factor deficiency
Leinoe E1, Stensballe J2, Kampmann P1 and Goetze J3
1
Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen
University Hospital; 2Section for Transfusion Medicine, Capitol
Region Blood Bank, Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University
Hospital; 3Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet,
Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
Background: Patients with inherited platelet disorders usually have
symptoms of a primary hemostasis defect and a family history of
bleeding. Thrombelastography (TEG) is a whole blood coagulation
analysis used to identify coagulopathy and guide transfusion in trauma
and surgery. Impedance platelet aggregometry (Multiplate) is validated to evaluate the effect of antiplatelet drugs. These bedside analyses are increasingly being used as preoperative screening tools.
Aims: The aim was to evaluate the sensitivity of TEG and Multiplate as screening tools for inherited defects in primary hemostasis
436
ABSTRACTS
Methods: Consecutive patients referred for bleeding tendency and

without evidence of a coagulation factor deficiency were evaluated. A
standardized bleeding assessment tool (ISTH-BAT) score was performed. TEG parameters (reaction time (R), angle (A), maximum
amplitude (MA), and lysis after 30 min. (LY30) were measured within
2 h of blood collection. Platelet function was evaluated by a Multiplate analyzer following agonist stimulation with ADP, Arachidonate, TRAP and Ristocetin.
Results: Fifty-seven patients (median age 40, range 1975) with a median BAT score 10 (range 430) were included. A family history of
bleeding was positive in 47/57 (82%) patients. Standard coagulation
tests (INR, APTT, fibrinogen, VWF, VWFRIST and platelet count)
were in the normal range. Abnormal bleeding during previous surgery
was reported in 43/57 (75%). Normal results of TEG and Multiplate
were found in 39/55 (71%) and 44/57 (77%), respectively. In 30/55
(55%) patients both TEG and Multiplate parameters were within the
normal range.
Conclusion: In a group of patients with normal standard coagulation
and vWF tests, TEG and Multiplate identified abnormality only in
45% despite increased risk of bleeding according to the BAT score. In
patients with mild bleeding tendency, TEG, Multiplate and standard coagulation and vWF tests seems to miss patients with clinical
bleeding tendency. Further research is needed to identify these
patients.
PO483-MON
Bleeding score and clotting screening test performed
before elective surgery to diagnose unknown
hemorrhagic diseases
Zane F1, Klersy C2, Scudeller L2, Ambaglio C3, Russo M1,
Ghidelli N1, Allorto N1 and Gamba G1
1
Internal Medicine, University of Pavia; 2Biometry and Clinical
Epidemiology; 3Internal Medicine, Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia,
Italy
Background: Congenital Hemorrhagic diseases (CHD) are often
complicated by intra and post surgical bleeding, requiring diagnostic
procedures. Strategies to evaluate the risk of hemorrhage are based on
coagulation screening tests and bleeding history. Because of poor sensitivity and specificity of these strategies, it is difficult to distinguish
between normal subjects and patients affected by mild bleeding disorders.
Aims: To asses if coagulation screening tests together with bleeding
score (evaluated by medical staff experienced on hemostasis) may be
useful to identify patients with coagulopathy, not already diagnosed.
Methods: Monocentric observational cross-sectional study conducted
on 1503 consecutive patients before elective surgery. Bleeding score
and first level laboratory tests evaluation (PT, PTT, platelets count)
were performed. Patients were classified as normal or cases (with
bleeding score positivity and/or with laboratory test alterations). Cases
underwent secondary tests evaluation in order to identify coagulation
disorders. To verify bleeding risk during and after surgery a 1:1 randomized matched cohort substudy was performed.
Results: Among the 1503 patients enrolled, 149 were cases: 55 adults
and 94 pediatrics. Considering all cases, BS positivity was found in 82
cases (62 were pediatrics), prolonged PT was found in 17 cases, prolonged PTT in 34 and platelets reduction in 31 (24 were adults).
Among 149 cases, 31 underwent secondary laboratory tests and among
them we identified 2 Willebrand disease, 2 FXII deficiency and 4
patients with antiphospholipid antibodies. Among the 149 cases, 141
underwent surgery (52 adults and 89 pediatrics). Matching randomly
cases and controls we didnt find any difference in bleeding during and
after surgery.
Conclusion: Our data do not support the hypothesis that mild CHD
are under diagnosed in general population. Furthermore the cohort
substudy didnt detect differences in surgery bleeding complications.
PO484-MON
Efficacy of FGTW fibrinogen concentrate in the
treatment of bleeding episodes and prevention of
excessive bleeding during surgery in patients with
congenital fibrinogen deficiency
Khayat C1, Khorassani M2, Gay V3, Barthez-Toullec M4,
egrier C5 and de
Henriet C4, Bridey F4, Carreras L4, N
6
Moerloose P
1
^tel Dieu Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon;
Pediatric Hematology, Ho
2
Pediatric Hematology, Avicenne University Childrens Hospital,
Rabat, Morocco; 3Hemophilia-Hemostasis, Hospital of
Chambery, Chambery; 4Clinical Research, LFB Biotechnologies,
Les Ulis; 5Regional Hemophilia Treatment Center, Louis Pradel
Cardiology Hospital, Bron, France; 6Haemostasis Unit, University
Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
Background: FGTW is a new generation of plasma-derived human
fibrinogen concentrate recovered from the supernatant fraction of
cryoprecipitate. Manufacturing process includes three specific viral
inactivation and/or removal steps: solvent detergent treatment, nanofiltration and dry-heat treatment.
Aims: The aim of this multinational, multicenter, open-label, single
arm, prospective study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of
FGTW in treatment of nonsurgical bleeding and prevention of excessive bleeding during surgery in subjects with congenital afibrinogenemia (antigen 0.2 g/L) or hypofibrinogenemia (antigen 0.5 g/L).
Methods: The study was approved by Ethics Committees. All subjects
signed an informed consent. Dosing of FGTW was individualized to
achieve peak fibrinogen of 1.2 g/L for major bleeding/surgery and
1.0 g/L for minor bleeding/surgery. The primary efficacy endpoint was
investigators overall assessment of hemostasis on the day of hospital
discharge or at 2448 hrs after treatment when not hospitalized. A 4point scale (excellent, good, moderate, none) adapted to the clinical
situation was used.
Results: Sixteen subjects (15 with afibrinogenemia), median age
18.5 yrs (range 737) participated in the study. Fifteen underwent 38
surgical procedures (10 major, 28 minor). All had an overall hemostatic efficacy rated Excellent. Nine subjects experienced 32 nonsurgical
bleeding events (23 major, 9 minor). Efficacy was rated Excellent (29)
or Good (3). Median FGTW infusion dose (IV) was 0.055 g/kg (presurgical) and 0.053 g/kg (bleeding). Median fibrinogen level 30 min
post-infusion was 1.28 g/L (surgery) and 0.98 g/L (bleeding), with
normalization of global coagulation tests. Most events (65/70, 92.8%)
required a single infusion of FGTW. There were 2 product-related
SAEs (asymptomatic venous thrombosis).
Conclusion: This study showed that FGTW provided adequate hemostasis for the management of surgery and bleeding in subjects with afibrinogenemia, exhibiting a favourable benefit/risk ratio.
Disclosure of Interest: C. Djambas Khayat Grant/Research Support
from: LFB Biotechnologies, Les Ulis, France, M. El Khorassani
Grant/Research Support from: LFB Biotechnologies, Les Ulis,
France, V. Gay Grant/Research Support from: LFB Biotechnologies,
Les Ulis, France, M. Barthez-Toullec Employee of: LFB Biotechnologies, Les Ulis, France, C. Henriet Employee of: LFB Biotechnologies,
Les Ulis, France, F. Bridey Employee of: LFB Biotechnologies, Les
Ulis, France, L. Carreras Consultant for: LFB Biotechnologies, Les
Ulis, France, C. Negrier Consultant for: LFB Biotechnologies, Les
Ulis, France, P. de Moerloose Consultant for: LFB Biotechnologies,
Les Ulis, France
ABSTRACTS
PO485-MON
A new Swiss family with constitutional
hypofibrinogenemia and liver disease
Casini A1, Sokollik C2, Lukowski S3, Lurz E2, Rieubland C4, de
Moerloose P1 and Neerman-Arbez M5
1
Angiology and Haemostasis, University Hospitals and Faculty of
Medicine of Geneva, Geneva; 2Paediatric Gastroenterology,
Hepatology and Nutrition, University Childrens Hospital,
Inselspital, Bern; 3Department of Genetic Medicine and
Development, University Medical School of Geneva, Geneva;
4
Division of Human Genetics, Department of Paediatrics,
Inselspital; 5Department of Genetic Medicine and Development,
University Medical School of Geneva, Bern, Switzerland
Background: Fibrinogen storage disease (FSD) is characterized by
hypofibrinogenemia and hepatic inclusions due to impaired release of
mutant fibrinogen which accumulates and aggregates in the hepatocellular endoplasmic reticulum.
Aims: We studied a new Swiss family with fibrinogen Aguadilla. In
order to understand the molecular particularity of FSD mutations,
fibrinogen Aguadilla and the three other causative mutations, all
located in the gD domain, were modelled.
Methods: The proband is a young Swiss girl investigated because of
fatigue and elevated liver enzymes. Protein structure models were prepared using the Swiss-PdbViewer, the POV-Ray software and the
3fibA PDB file.
Results: The proband was found to be heterozygous for fibrinogen Aguadilla: FGG Arg375Trp. Laboratory analyses were unremarkable
except for a prolonged INR (1.5) with low functional fibrinogen
[Clauss 0.7 g L1 (ref.1.83.6)] and raised liver enzymes [ASAT
111 U L1 (ref. <35), ALAT 125 U L1 (ref. <35)]. There was no history of bleeding. Familial screening revealed that her mother and
maternal grandmother are also affected and in addition are respectively heterozygous and homozygous for the hereditary hemochromatosis mutation HFE C282Y. Models of backbone and side-chain
interactions for fibrinogen Aguadilla in a 10-angstrom region revealed
the loss of five H-bonds and the gain of one H-bond between structurally important amino acids. The structure predicted for fibrinogen
Angers showed a novel helical structure in place of hole a on the
outer edge of gD likely to negatively impact fibrinogen assembly and
secretion.
Conclusion: The mechanism by which FSD mutations generate hepatic
intracellular inclusions is still not clearly established although the promotion of aberrant intermolecular strand insertions is emerging as a
likely cause. Reporting new cases is essential in the light of novel
opportunities of treatment offered by increasing knowledge of the degradation pathway and autophagy
PO486-MON
Safe use of FXI concentrate in a single centre
experience over 19 years
Ling G, Kagdi H, Chowdary P and Gomez K
Haematology, Royal Free Hospital, KD Haemophilia Centre and
Thrombosis Unit, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust,
London, United Kingdom
Background: Factor XI (FXI) concentrate is a human plasma-derived
substitute for fresh frozen plasma to provide patients with FXI deficiency with more consistent haemostatic cover in emergency or elective
situations. It has previously been implicated in adverse events such as
thrombosis and inhibitor formation, with rare case reports of fatal
incidents.
437
Aims: In our retrospective case series we sought to establish the incidence of such complications through our single centre experience in a
Haemophilia Comprehensive Care Centre at Royal Free Hospital,
London, UK between 1994 and 2012 inclusive.
Methods: Patients who received FXI concentrate had their medical
records analysed relating to age, baseline FXI level and indication of
concentrate. Specific adverse events such as failure of treatment with
further bleeding, or other events including suspected viral transfusion
transmitted infection (TTI), inhibitor formation to FXI administration
and thrombosis were recorded.
Results: Eighty-six patients received 242 treatment episodes of FXI
concentrate within a 19 year period. 12 (5%) of all treatment episodes
were related to an adverse event. Of the total 12 adverse events, 8 were
related to persistent bleeding post concentrate infusion. No viral TTIs
were identified. There were two recorded inhibitors, one thrombotic
event and one transfusion reaction. No statistical differences were
noted between age and an adverse event (P = 0.357), or between FXI
dose per kilogram and subsequent bleeding (P = 0.506). Numbers of
adverse events were too low to distinguish between bleeding between
fibrinolytic and non-fibrinolytic sites in those who had a failure of
treatment. None of the patients documented as having an adverse
event suffered long term morbidity as a result.
Conclusion: Our experience of FXI concentrate use demonstrates infrequent minor adverse events related to its administration and is a safe
product to use.
Disclosure of Interest: G. Ling: None Declared, H. Kagdi: None
Declared, P. Chowdary Grant/Research Support from: Novo Nordisk,
Pfizer, CSL Behring, Consultant for: Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, CSL Behring, Baxter, Biogen Idec, Speaker Bureau of: Bayer, Novo Nordisk,
CSL Behring, Baxter, K. Gomez: None Declared
PO487-MON
The epidemiology of inherited bleeding disorders in
Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
Wiseman A1, Boyd SE2 and Scully M-F3
1
Medicine, Memorial University, Portugal Cove; 2Medicine,
Memorial University, Conception Bay South; 3Medicine,
Memorial University, St. Johns, Canada
Background: Due to the pattern of settlement, Newfoundland and
Labrador (NL) is characterized by a unique array of genetic inheritance. Traditionally, we have had an abundance of small outport communities and very large families, which have provided the conditions
for a relatively large pool of patients with hereditary bleeding disorders (HBD). However, most recent population fertility rates of NL
was 1.24 in 2011, hence the opportunity to study large families with
rare disorders is diminishing.
Aims: Our goal is to document our unique pattern of inheritance as
the basis for ongoing research.
Methods: We validated the diagnostic laboratory results from our
HBD registry developed in 1988. We compared our pattern of HBD
with those reported by the World Federation for Hemophilia in 2012
and the Canadian Hemophilia Registry in 2013 to contrast prevalence
of von Willibrands disease, Hemophilia A & Hemophilia B as well as
Factor deficiencies I, IV, VII, X, XI and XIII. Beyond this, we also
documented all the available genetic mutations associated with each
HBD.
Results: Interestingly, we have 2.86 and 10.9 times the prevalence of
Hemophilia A recorded than mainland Canada and Worldwide
respectively. The most striking data is the per capita prevalence of Factors I, II, V, XI, and XIII which are higher than that of Canada by a
factor of 15.45, 5.12, 5.63, 5.39, 5.31 respectively and the world by a
factor of 204, 51.2, 39.2, 25.7, 68.2 respectively. Hemophilia A patients
were predominantly Val 2016 Ala mutation and FXIII patients all
inherited the c691-1 G>A genotype.
438
ABSTRACTS
Conclusion: These results show that NL unique geography and population distribution has that has increased per capita prevalence of some
rare factor deficiencies by genetic drift. This prevalence establishes NL
distinctively in terms of genetic variation, ideal for further research.
However, with an aging population, and less average births per family,
this population is in rapid decline and thus provides a limited window
of opportunity for research.
PO488-MON
Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic results of a
multicenter, open-label, single arm study with a
fibrinogen concentrate (FGTW) in subjects with
afibrinogenemia
Khayat CD1, El Khorassani M2, Lambert T3, Bellon A4, BarthezToullec M5, Bridey F4, Carreras L4, Negrier C6 and de
Moerloose P7
1
^tel Dieu Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon;
Pediatric Hematology, Ho
2
Pediatric Hematology, Avicenne University Childrens Hospital,
Rabat, Morocco; 3Regional Hemophilia Treatment Center,
Bicêtre Hospital, Le Kremlin-Bic^
etre; 4Clinical Research
5
Department; Clinical Operations Department, LFB
Biotechnologies, Les Ulis; 6Regional Hemophilia Treatment
Center, Louis Pradel Cardiology Hospital, Bron, France;
7
Haemostasis Unit, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva,
Switzerland
Background: Bleeding in congenital fibrinogen deficiency is commonly
treated with cryoprecipitate, fresh frozen plasma, and when available,
fibrinogen concentrates. LFB has developed a new generation of
human plasma-derived fibrinogen concentrate (FGTW) recovered
from the supernatant fraction of cryoprecipitate. Manufacturing process includes 3 biological safety steps.
Aims: The objective of the study was to assess the pharmacokinetics
(PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of FGTW in afibrinogenemic subjects (antigen < 0.2 g L1) of more than 40 kg b.w.
Methods: PK/PD assessment was performed after a single infusion of
0.06 g kg1 of FGTW. Concentrations of fibrinogen expressed in antigen and activity as well as global coagulation tests (aPTT, PT, TT)
and clot firmness (ROTEM) were followed during 14 days after infusion. PK parameters were estimated by non-compartmental analysis
with Phoenix WinNonLin. Results are presented using geometric
mean values. This multicenter study was approved by Ethics Committees. All subjects signed an informed consent.
Results: Fourteen subjects of 11 to 38 year-old, including 9 adults and
5 children, with bodyweight ranging from 44 to 93.5 kg, were administered FGTW over 43 to 120 min. A peak plasma activity of 1.41 g L1
(range 1.062.19) was reached at the first time point (1 h) post-dose,
followed by a monoexponential decay with a terminal half-life of
69.3 h (range 51.099.9). Incremental recovery was 23.5 g L1 per
g kg1 (range 17.736.5). Similar results were obtained for fibrinogen
antigen. PK/PD relationships showed that normalization of the global
coagulation tests and maximum clot firmness was obtained for concentration of fibrinogen activity between 0.5 and 1 g L1, depending on
the test.
Conclusion: These results show that in subjects of more than 40 kg
b.w, 1 mg kg1 increases fibrinogen level by 2.3 mg dL1 with a halflife of about 3 days. This provides a solid basis for the treatment with
FGTW in patients with afibrinogenemia.
Disclosure of Interest: C. Djambas Khayat Grant/Research Support
from: LFB Biotechnologies, M. El Khorassani Grant/Research Support from: LFB Biotechnologies, T. Lambert Grant/Research Support
from: LFB Biotechnologies, A. Bellon Employee of: LFB Biotechnologies, M. Barthez-Toullec Employee of: LFB Biotechnologies, F.
Bridey Employee of: LFB Biotechnologies, L. Carreras Consultant

for: LFB Biotechnologies, C. Negrier Consultant for: LFB Biotechnologies, P. de Moerloose Consultant for: LFB Biotechnologies.
PO489-MON
Alternative strategy to treat hemophilia trough protein
S inactivation: insight from a mouse model
Bologna L1, Calzavarini S1, Prince R1, Dewarrat N1, Saller F2 and
Angelillo-Scherrer A1
1
Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, University
Clinic of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory,
University Hospital and The University of Bern, Bern,
Switzerland; 2Hemostasis, Inflammation, Thrombosis HITh
INSERM U1176 & UMR 1176, University of Paris Sud, Le
Kremlin-Bic^
etre, France
Background: Protein S (PS) is an anticoagulant that limits thrombin
generation, acting as a cofactor of APC and TFPI. Human homozygous PS deficiency leads to disseminated intravascular coagulation
(DIC) while heterozygous deficiency increases risk of thromboembolic
events. Although mouse models recapitulate aspects of PS deficiency
in human, no alive PS/ mice have been observed: they die at late
pregnancy due to consumptive coagulopathy.
Aims: To improve the impaired clotting potential caused by FVIII
(HA) or FIX (HB) deficiency we investigated the effect of PS inhibition in mice.
Methods: Mouse matings were set to generate HA-PS/ and HB-PS/

. Offspring was checked for possible overt DIC then in vivo investigated with models of venous thrombosis (VTE), tail clipping (TC) and
acute hemarthrosis (AH).
Results: HA and HB rescued the lethal PS/ embryonic phenotype:
HA-PS/ and HB-PS/ pups were found alive, at Mendelian frequency (80/366, 22% and 17/94, 18% respectively) and developed normally. These mice confirmed undetectable plasma coagulant FVIII/
FIX (HA/HB) and antigenic PS levels. Blood parameters investigation
did not show relevant DIC signs: platelets number, TAT and fibrinogen levels were comparable to HA/HB mice. Once challenged in TF
driven VTE HA-PS/ mice did not show altered mortality compared
to HA mice (n = 15, 88% vs. n = 19, 100% respectively). In the TB,
HA-PS/ mice bled less (158 11uL n = 6) compared to HA and
HA-PS+/ (247 19uL, n = 10 and 239 11uL, n = 8 respectively,
P < 0.006). In AH, joint swelling was less prominent (0.02 0.01vs
1.054 0.29 in HA, n = 5 P = 0.01 at 24 h) and stable in HA-PS/
than HA mice (0.02 0.07vs 0.92 0.17, n = 7 P = 0.002 at 72 h).
Conclusion: Lack of PS in hemophilic mice does not increase thrombotic risk nor leads to DIC meanwhile reducing significantly hemophilia A bleeding and limiting trauma-induced joint swelling. These
preclinical data highlight PS as new potential target in hemophilia
therapy.
PO490-MON
Genotype and phenotype report on patients with
congenital fibrinogen deficiency in south of Iran
Karimi M, Safarpour MM, Haghpanah S, Meshksar A, Afrasiabi A,
Gerdabi J and Ardeshiri R
Hematology Research Center, Shiraz University Of Medical
Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Background: Fibrinogen has a pivot role in coagulation pathway. Congenital afibrinogenemia is a rare bleeding disorder which is inherited
as homozygote or compound heterozygote to become symptomatic.
ABSTRACTS
Patients with congenital fibrinogen deficiency may present with hemorrhagic or thromboembolic clinical signs.
Aims: We aimed to evaluate genotype and phenotype findings in
patients with congenital fibrinogen deficiency in Southern Iran.
Methods: Genotype and phenotype of 18 patients of 18 unrelated families which congenital fibrinogen deficiency was diagnosed for them at
Shiraz Hemophilia Center were investigated. Mutated gene in affected
individuals was detected by DNA sequencing. Also factor level and
clinical sign presentation at the onset of diagnosis was studied for each
patient.
Results: We found nine different mutations that three of them were
novel. The most common clinical sign on diagnosis were ecchymosis purpura (38/9%) and umbilical cord bleeding (22/2%). The mean of
age at onset was 25.86 26.78 months (median: 18 months). Mean
factor coagulant level was 48.5 37.32 mg dL1 (median:
70 mg dL1). Two death patients presented with severe bleeding
including hemarthrosis and intra cranial hemorrhage (ICH) in one
patient (factor activity level <75 mg dL1), and post partum pulmonary emboli in the other one (factor activity level <35 mg dL1). The
underlying mutation was only determined in first patient:
g.1787_1789delGTC and 1787ins12 bp. There was no statistically significant differences between males and females with regard to age at
diagnosis or factor level (P = 0.246 and 0.596 respectively).
Conclusion: Based on our results, g.1787_1789delGTC and
1787ins12 bp has been associated with severe bleeding including hemarthrosis and ICH in congenital fibrinogen deficiency. It seems that
direct relationship between phenotype and severity of factor deficiency
cannot be found at least in some cases.
PO491-MON
FVIIIA mimicking bispecific antibody, ACE910
improves in vitro coagulation function of fxi deficiency
patients plasma
Minami H1, Nogami K1, Kitazawa T2, Hattori K2 and Shima M1
1
Pediatrics, Nara Medical University, Kashihara; 2Research
Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Gotemba, Japan
Background: Factor (F)XI deficiency presents marked prolongation of
aPTT, and the bleeding symptom is not rare, which are milder than
hemophilia A. Fresh frozen plasma and/or plasma-derived FXI concentrates are used for haemostatic therapy. ACE910, recombinant bispecific monoclonal antibodies to FIXa and FX, mimics the FVIII
cofactor function, and improves aPTT and thrombin generation in
FVIII-deficient plasma by substituting for FVIII without activation
phase.
Aims: We examined the effects of ACE910 on FXI-deficient plasma to
assess the further application of its antibody for FXI deficiency.
Methods: Commercial FXI-deficient plasmas (George King, n = 11) in
the presence of ACE910 (0100 lg mL1) were examined by clot
waveform analysis (CWA) and thrombin generation assay (TGA).
aPTT reagent (aPTT-trigger) and the mixture of ellagic acid and tissue
factor (mixed-trigger) were used as the trigger for these assays. Clot
time (CT) and maximum coagulation velocity (|min1|) in CWA and
peak height in TGA were evaluated.
Results: Coagulation factor activity (FVIII, FIX, FX and FXI) of all
samples were 125 29%, 111 32%, 92.4 12.7%, and <1%,
respectively. In CWA, CT and |min1| of normal pooled plasmas
observed by aPTT-trigger and mixed trigger was 34.5/98.6 sec and
2.98/0.80, respectively. The presence of ACE910 shortened the CT of
all FXI-deficient samples in both aPTT-trigger and mixed-trigger
(93.2 6.9 to 40.7 2.6 sec and 223 19 to 209 18 sec, respectively) in dose-dependent manners, and |min1| was similarly improved
(39.6 to 56.0% of normal and 35.0 to 41.3%, respectively). In the
TGA, peak height of 7 samples was improved by ~40% of normal by
439
mixed-trigger, although the thrombin generation was any little

detected in all samples by aPTT-trigger.
Conclusion: ACE910 improves the potentials of coagulation function
of FXI-deficient plasma as well as FVIII-deficient plasma. This result
suggests the possibilities for the clinical application of ACE910 in FXI
deficiency.
Disclosure of Interest: H. Minami Grant/Research Support from: Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., K. Nogami Grant/Research Support
from: Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Consultant for: Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., T. Kitazawa
Shareholder of: Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Employee of: Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., K. Hattori Shareholder of: Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Employee of: Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.,
M. Shima Grant/Research Support from: Chugai Pharmaceutical Co.,
Ltd., Consultant for: Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
PO492-MON
Spectrum of factor XI mutations in the Chinese
population
Shao Y1, Ding Q2, Lu Y2, Dai J2, Xi X1, Wang X2 and Wang H1
1
State key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute
Of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
School Of Medicine; 2Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin
Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,
Shanghai, China
Background: Prevalent in people of Jewish ancestry, congenital Factor
XI (FXI) deficiency is an autosomal recessive bleeding disorder, yet
statistics of morbidity rate in other races is not clear currently. Up to
220 mutations have been found till now according to the FXI mutation database. Interestingly, considerable genetic heterogeneity occurs
in various ethnic groups.
Aims: To study the spectrum of F11 gene mutations in China by studying 53 unrelated Chinese patients diagnosed with FXI deficiency.
Methods: Following the direct sequencing of fifteen exons of F11gene,
mutations were identified. Heterozygous individuals with low activity
level were tested by the AccuCopy technique, a copy number variation
genotyping method to explain for the contradiction between phenotype and genotype. A mRNA transcript was also characterized by RTPCR to carry out the splicing mechanism of a specific splice site mutation.
Results: A total number of 38 mutations were identified in 53 patients.
Of all the participants, 15 are homozygotes, 30 are compound heterozygous individuals and 8 are heterozygous carriers. These 38 different
sequence variants includes 19 missense mutations, 9 nonsense mutations, 7 splice site mutations and 3 small deletions. CNV measurement,
failed to get positive results. W228* (16 cases, 15.1%) turned out to be
the most frequent mutation, followed by G400V (13 cases, 12.3%),
c.1136-4delGTTG (11 cases, 10.4%) and Q263* (10 cases, 9.4%). The
pathogensis of c.1136-4delGTTG was confirmed by RT-PCR.
Conclusion: Defects in F11 gene result in FXI deficiency with worldwide distribution and it remains a heterogeneous disease at the molecular level. W228*, G400V,c.1136-4delGTTG and Q263*, adding up to
47.17%, have turned to be the most four common mutations in Chinese FXI deficiency patients, which is quite different from the mutation spectrum of other populations earlier established.
440
ABSTRACTS
PO493-MON
Characterizing mechanisms of factor VIII binding to the
low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1
Young P1, Migliorini M1, Prasad J1, Sarafanov A2 and
Strickland DK1
1
Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University Of
Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore; 2Office of Blood Research and
Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food
and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, USA
Background: Hemophilia A is a bleeding disorder caused by a deficiency in coagulation factor VIII (fVIII). Current prophylactic replacement therapy, while effective, is difficult to maintain due to cost and
frequency of injections. Hepatic clearance of fVIII is mediated by
LRP1, a member of the LDL receptor family. The canonical model of
ligand binding to these receptors involves lysine residues on the ligand
docking in acidic pockets on the receptor. However, studies thus far
have not been able to identify critical lysine residues in fVIII necessary
for binding, suggesting that fVIII may bind to LRP1 via a unique
mechanism.
Aims: While it is well established that fVIII binds LRP1, the molecular
details of this interaction are unclear. Our goal was to define the
molecular interactions between fVIII and LRP1 by investigating the
ionic strength dependence of binding and by identifying LRP1 regions
responsible for this interaction.
Methods: The effect of ionic strength on the binding affinity of fVIII to
LRP1 was measured by surface plasmon resonance and ELISA.
Results: Debye-H
uckel plots of ionic strength vs logKD revealed a
slope of 3.0, revealing that three ionic interactions contribute to binding. Thus the fVIII/LRP1 interaction fits the canonical model despite
previous unsuccessful attempts at lysine mutagenesis. Furthermore, we
mapped the binding of fVIII to the Cluster II and IV regions of LRP1.
Finally, since full-length (FL) fVIII and B-domain deleted (BDD)
fVIII are both used in replacement therapy, we confirmed that both
forms of fVIII bind LRP1 with similar high affinity.
Conclusion: Our data suggests that fVIII interacts with LRP1 via the
canonical model with three ionic interactions contributing to binding.
Further, removal of the B-domain does not significantly alter the interaction of fVIII with LRP1. Together these data reveal important
insights into the binding between fVIII and LRP1 and will help us to
investigate ways to extend fVIII half-life in vivo to improve prophylactic replacement therapy.
PO494-MON
Rare bleeding disorders: 17 years of diagnosis in the
hemostatsis laboratory of the hemostasis laboratory of
the department of hematology of the university
hospital of beni messous, algiers, algeria
Chennoukh KW, Bensadok M, Aribi M, Zidani N, Ramaoun M,
Belhani M and Nekkal S
Hematology & Blood Banking, University Hospital Of Beni
Messous, Algiers, Algeria
Background: Algerai is an emerging country of North Africa where
rare bleeding disorders (RBDs) increases because consanguineous
marriages are still customary.
Aims: The aim of our study is to appreciate the frequency of RBDs,
the severity of the factor deficiencies & the clinical manifestations in
the patients we diagnosed.
Methods: We tested patients with bleeding disorders &/or abnormal
hemostasis tests, we realized PT/APTT & specific dosages of clotting
factors. Patients were tested at least twice on different blood samples.
we eliminated acquired hemostasis anomalies. Our laboratory partici-
pates to an international external quality assessment program. Clinical

symptoms & histories were registered for the patients & their relatives
& family trees were realized.
Results: In 17 years of activity, 322 patients (range age from new born
to 86 years) were diagnosed: 19 FI, 06 FII, 68 FV, 163 FVII, 34 FX,
01 FX associated with von Willebrand Disease type 1, 08 FXI, 12
FXII, 01 FXIII, 02 FV/FVII, 03 FV/FVIII, 04 FV/FX, 01 FVII/FX,
from mild to severe. A positive bleeding history was found for 71
(22%) & more frequently for homozygous factor deficiencies. The
most common sites of bleeding were skin & mucous membranes.
Conclusion: RBDs are surely under detected in Algeria because of variable nature of relatively mild symptoms & the lack of adequate hemostasis laboratory means. Education & genetic counceling are needed to
prevent & limit the spread of such common occurence of RBDs, moreover because factor concentrates are expensive & not available for
some deficiency states.
PO495-MON
The thrombin generation assay is superior to
thromboelastography at determining bleeding
phenotype in congenital FXI deficiency
Pike GN1,2, Cumming AM1, Hay CR1,2, Burthem J1,2 and BoltonMaggs PH2,3
1
Haematology, Manchester Royal Infirmary; 2University of
Manchester; 3SHOT, Manchester Blood Centre, Manchester, UK
Background: In the absence of an effective test to predict bleeding risk,
FXI deficient individuals may be over-treated with FXI replacement
(risks of thrombosis or transfusion related complications) or undertreated (risk of haemorrhage). Global haemostasis assays can identify
bleeding tendency in a variety of haemostatic disorders.
Aims: To investigate if thromboelastography (tpa) and thrombin
generation assays (TGA) can differentiate between controls and FXI
deficient individuals and between bleeders and non-bleeders.
Methods: Thromboelastography (tpa) in whole blood (WB) with
corn trypsin inhibitor (CTI) and platelet rich plasma (PRP) with CTI,
and TGA in PRP and platelet poor plasma (PPP) with and without
CTI were measured over a range of tissue factor concentrations in controls (n = 50) and FXI deficient individuals (n = 97) (bleeder (n = 24),
non-bleeder (n = 50) and indeterminate (n = 23) by bleeding history).
Results: Thromboelastography in WB with CTI and tpa-thromboelastography in all samples (TF 0.12pM) did not differentiate between
controls and FXI deficient individuals, nor between bleeders and nonbleeders. Thromboelastography in PRP with CTI allowed differentiation between bleeder and non-bleeders: CFT (434 179s vs
277 70s) (mean sd) (P < 0.01) and a angle (43.8 9.5 vs
52.4 5.8) (P < 0.001). ROC analysis (CFT AUC = 0.891,
P = 0.0014) (a angle AUC = 0.7804, P = 0.006) showed low specificity
of 38% at 100% sensitivity for both. TGA differentiated between controls and FXI deficient individuals using ETP and peak height at
TF0.5pM in all sample types except PPP with CTI. TGA in PRP with
CTI allowed best differentiation between bleeders and non-bleeders
(ETP ROC AUC = 0.9362 P < 0.0001, peak height ROC AUC =
0.9362 P < 0.0001) with specificities of 80% (ETP) and 67% (peak
height) at 100% sensitivity.
Conclusion: Both TGA and thromboelastography in PRP with CTI
can differentiate between bleeders and non-bleeders in FXI deficiency
but TGA has a superior test performance at determining bleeding phenotype.
Disclosure of Interest: G. Pike Grant/Research Support from: Bayer,
LFB, A. Cumming: None Declared, C. Hay: None Declared, J. Burthem: None Declared, P. Bolton-Maggs Consultant for: BPL
ABSTRACTS
PO496-MON
A new mutation in the svil gene is associated with
autosomal dominant familial gray platelet syndrome
Demina I1, Kumskova M1, Artemov A1, Lushchekina S2,
Ivanova A3, Suntsova M1, Vasiliev S4, Buzdin A1, Maschan A3,
Novichkova G1 and Panteleev M1
1
Federal Research And Clinical Centre Of Pediatric Hematology,
Oncology And Immunology; 2Emanuel Institute of Biochemical
Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences; 3Federal Research And
Clinical Centre Of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology And
Immunology; 4National Centre for Haematology, Moscow,
Russian Federation
Background: Gray platelet syndrome (GPS) is an inherited platelet function disorder of insufficient alpha-granule function. GPS is characterized
by mild bleeding and presence of agranular platelets in blood. Its molecular mechanisms are poorly understood, and it can be supposedly caused
by mutations in either of three genes: NBEAL2, GATA1 or GFI1B.
Aims: Here we investigated a family that included four generations of
patients with autosomal dominant GPS using functional platelet
assays, full-exome sequencing, and molecular dynamics simulations.
Methods: The family included 10 members, of whom 5 has clinical
symptoms of mild bleeding. Platelets were analyzed using microscopic
smear examination, flow cytometry, and confocal microscopy. Full-exome sequencing of all family members was performed using Ion Proton
System. To find the genomic loci inherited similarly to the disease inheritance pattern, we performed nonparametric linkage analysis with
MERLIN software package. Molecular dynamics simulations
employed the NAMD 2.9 software. Homology modelling was done
using PSIPRED server with GenTHREADER tool and Modeller 9.14.
Results: GPS was diagnosed on the basis of shear examination and
decreased P-selectin expression upon activation. Analysis of the 10 exomes of the family members revealed a single-nucleotide heterozygous
substitution SVIL:NM_021738:exon8:c.C1223T:p.T408M in the 10th
chromosome, which was the only relevant mutation shared by patients
and absent in healthy relatives (with no such mutations in either
NBEAL2, GATA1 or GFI1B). This gene encodes a protein supervillin
that is known to mediate interactions between cytoskeleton and
nuclear membrane. Sanger sequencing confirmed this mutation. Computer modeling of supervillin with a T408M substitution revealed a
disruption of the native folding in the affected region.
Conclusion: A novel mutation associated with familial GPS is discovered in the gene encoding supervillin. This can shed light on the molecular mechanisms of platelet production and causes of GPS.
PO497-MON
Acquired GPVI deficiency in two unrelated patients
with mild thrombocytopenia
s-P
nchez-Me
ndez JV2, Guiu MS2,
Romera M1, Caparro
erez E2, Sa
2
2
2
Martnez IM , Padilla J , Ferrer-Marin F , Teruel-Montoya R2,
Vicente V2, Watson SP3, Andrews R4, Gardiner E4, Lozano ML2
and Rivera J2
1
Servicio De Hematologa, Hospital Santa Luca, Cartagena;
2
edica, Hospital
Hemodonacio
Spain; 3Birmingham Platelet Group, College of Medical and
Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK;
4
Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University
Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
Background: Rare acquired glycoprotein (GP) VI deficiency is usually
associated with immune/tumoral diseases, variable extent of thrombocytopenia and a bleeding diathesis.
441
Aims: To investigate two unrelated patients with GPVI abnormalities

and moderate thrombocytopenia but no underlying disease.
Methods: Platelet count, function, glycoprotein expression and antiplatelet antibodies were explored in both patients.
Results: Case 1 is a 37y female with lifelong moderate thrombocytopenia and mild bleeding diathesis, but no other analytical abnormalities. Repeated sampling across 5y consistently showed spontaneous,
rapid and temperature-dependent platelet clumping in tubes containing citrate or heparin but not EDTA or anti-aIIbb3 antibody. Her
platelets showed elevated P-selectin, CD63 and aIIbb3 expression,
TxA2 production, and reduced levels of GPIba and GPVI. Soluble
GPVI was 3-fold higher than in healthy donors. Her plasma activated allogeneic platelets except platelets from a GPVI-deficient
individual. This was blocked selectively by Src/Syk inhibitors, soluble GPVI-Fc fusion protein, or by immunodepletion of IgM from
patient serum, consistent with an anti-GPVI IgM. Case 2, 37y
female, had 1y history of thrombocytopenia, menorrhagia and spontaneous ecchymoses, commencing few months after unremarkable
childbirth. She showed abnormal PFA-100 closure times and severe
aggregation defect to epinephrine, collagen, collagen-related peptide
and convulxin. Aggregations with other agonists were normal. Her
platelets showed normal expression of aIIbb3, GPIb/IX and a2b1,
but deficiency (~20%) of GPVI. No antiplatelet autoantibodies were
detected. Prednisone treatment (1 mg kg1 day1, 1-month) normalized platelet count, GPVI expression and aggregation response.
Thrombocytopenia and GPVI loss re-emerged on cessation of
therapy.
Conclusion: Monitoring GPVI levels and presence of anti-GPVI autoantibodies may aid clinical evaluation of patients with acquired
unexplained thrombocytopenia. PI14/01956, Br Heart Foundation,
NHMRC Australia.
PO498-MON
Identification of the pathophysiological mechanism of
the VKCFD2 causing mutation P.ARG98TRP in human
VKORC1 gene
Czogalla K, Biswas A, Watzka M and Oldenburg J
Institute of Experimental Haematology And Transfusion
Medicine, Bonn, Germany
Background: Vitamin K Oxidoreductase Complex subunit 1
(VKORC1) is the key enzyme of the vitamin K cycle catalyzing the
reduction of vitamin K and vitamin K 2,3-epoxide to vitamin K
hydroquinone. This reduction is essential to sustain c-carboxylation of
the vitamin K dependent coagulation factors (e.g. FII, FVII, FIX,
FX) by the enzyme c-glutamyl carboxylase. Only one mutation in
human VKORC1 is reported to cause reduced vitamin K oxidoreductase activity leading to combined deficiency of vitamin K dependent
clotting factors type 2 (VKCFD2). The pathophysiological mechanism
underlying this mutation is still unknown.
Aims: Aim of our study was to identify the molecular mechanism of
VKORC1:p.R98W.
Methods: The sequence of hVKORC1 was analyzed in silico by different motif databases and revealed a putative di-Arginine ER retetion
motif in the region of R33_R35 and R98_R100. To confirm these
results we cloned the cDNA of wt hVKORC1 into the pEGFP-N3 vector and generated following variants by site directed mutagenesis:
R98W, R98A+R100A, delDR98-R100, and R33A+R35A. HEK293T
cells were plated on cover glasses, transfected with all vectors, immunostained (ER, Golgi apparatus, plasma membrane, nucleus) and analyzed by confocal microscopy. Degree of co-localization for all
variants was calculated using ImageJ 1.43 m software.
Results: All variants affecting R98_R100 show drastic decrease in ER
co-localization compared to wt VKORC1, which is exclusively located
442
ABSTRACTS
in the ER. The VKCFD2 causing mutation R98W results in 20% ERlocalization only. The R98_R100 variants are not re-localizing to
Golgi apparatus neither to the plasma membrane. The variant
R33A+R35A affecting the second putative motif does not show any
effect on ER retention.
Conclusion: Here, we identified a di-Arginine ER retention motif in
hVKORC1 (R98_R100). The mutation p.R98W disrupts this motif
and decreases the proteins ER retention capacity resulting in sub-cellular mislocalization, thereby causing the VKCFD2 phenotype.
PO500-MON
A failure to diagnose dysfibrinogenaemia: data from
multicentre studies amongst UK Neqas and PRORBDD project laboratories
PO499-MON
Scott syndrome platelets show alterations in protein
expression levels, calcium-dependent phosphorylation
and cleavage as revealed by proteomics
Background: Mutations in the genes coding for fibrinogen (Fgn) causing dysfibrinogenaemia can result in either a bleeding or thrombophilic
diathesis. However, these rare disorders are infrequently encountered
in hospital laboratories, and the utility of different assays in diagnosis
of dysfibrinogenaemia has not been previously explored in a multicentre study.
Aims: We describe here an exercise in which centres from the PRORBDD project (prospective data collection on patients with fibrinogen
and Factor XIII deficiencies), and UK NEQAS centres performed
investigations for dysfibrinogenaemia.
Methods: Three samples from donors with dysfibrinogenaemia (Sample 1: gamma p.Arg301Cys), sample 2 (Bbeta166Arg3Cys Fgn Longmont), sample 3 (Aalpha p.Arg35His) and a normal donor were
lyophilised and sent to UK NEQAS and PRO-RBDD centres, who
were asked to perform investigations for possible dysfibrinogenaemia,
and interpret their results. Median, coefficient of variation and range
were determined for each assay method and reagent group.
Results: Results were returned from 62 UK NEQAS and 24 PRORBDD centres. PT, APTT, Clauss fibrinogen and thrombin times were
performed by over 90% of centres, with 51% performing reptilase
times, and 31% Fgn antigen. All centres providing interpretations
identified samples 1 and 3 as abnormal. However, 39% of centres
reported a normal or raised fibrinogen levels for the Fgn Longmont
sample, and marked differences in Clauss fibrinogen results with different reagents were noted for this sample only (median 1.01 vs
5.10 g L1 for the two mostly widely used reagents).
Conclusion: Laboratories were successfully able to diagnose 2 dysfibrinogenaemia defects, but many centres failed to diagnose Fgn Longmont, and reagent discrepancies require further investigation.
Mattheij NJ1, Solari F2, Burkhart J2, Swieringa F1, Collins PW3,
Cosemans JM1, Sickmann A2, Zahedi R2 and Heemskerk JW1
1
Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; 2LeibnizInstitut f
ur Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V., Dortmund,
Germany; 3Arthur Bloom Haemophilia Centre, Cardiff, UK
Background: The Scott syndrome is a rare bleeding disorder with a
mutation in the transmembrane protein, anoctamin-6. Blood cells
from Scott patients are impaired in Ca2 + -dependent phosphatidylserine exposure, ion conductance, membrane blebbing and microparticle formation.
Aims: We hypothesized that altered post-translational protein modifications are responsible for this complex phenotype.
Methods: Platelets from healthy control donors and a Scott patient
were activated with the Ca2 + -mobilizing agents, convulxin/thrombin
or ionomycin. Samples were used for advanced quantitative (phospho)
proteomics and determination of neo-N-terminal protein cleavage
sites.
Results: Quantitative proteomics analysis indicated 109 upregulated
and 78 down regulated proteins in Scott platelets when compared to
controls. Increased in the patient platelets were transcription factors;
decreased were anoctamin-6, metabolic enzymes, Ca2 + -dependent
proteases (calpain-2, presequence protease) and Ca2 + -binding proteins (S100-A9, grancalcin). Phosphorylation analysis indicated
>2200 different phospho-sites which after thrombin stimulation overlapped (99.3%) between patient and control platelets. With Ca2 + mobilizing agonists, the overlap reduced to 81%. Strongly activated
Scott platelets displayed more frequently increased than decreased
phosphorylation sites. The most altered phosphorylation proteins of
Scott platelets were assigned to actin/tubulin cytoskeleton (28%),
adhesion (22%), signaling/adapter proteins (24%) and receptorlinked cytoskeleton (8%). Cleavage sites were detected of 818 proteins. In Scott platelets, diminished cleavage was found in the calpain
substrates, caldesmon, calpain-1, talin-1, Src and VASP. Western
blotting confirmed reduced calpain-mediated cleavage in the activated Scott platelets.
Conclusion: Advanced proteomic profiling provides novel insight into
the altered protein machinery responsible for the major Ca2 + - and
cytoskeleton-dependent membrane defects in Scott syndrome.
Jennings I1, Peyvandi F2, Kitchen S1, Menegatti M2, Palla R2,
Walker ID1 and Makris M3
1
UK Neqas Blood Coagulation, Sheffield, UK; 2A. Bianchi Bonomi
Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca
Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; 3Sheffield
Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, Royal Hallamshire
Hospital, Sheffield, UK
PO501-MON
Post authorization safety study of a triply secured
fibrinogen concentrate in congenital afibrinogenemia.
A prospective observational study
Tellier Z1, N
egrier C2, Rothschild C3, Borg J-Y4, Lambert T5,
6
Stieltjes N , Claeyssens S7, Sanhes L8, Bertrand A1, Andr
e M-H1,
Si
e P7 and Gruel Y9
1
Medical Affairs, LFB Biom
edicaments, Les Ulis; 2Edouard Herriot
3
Hospital, Lyon; Necker Hospital, Paris; 4Charles Nicolle
Hospital, Rouen; 5Bic^
etre Hospital, Kremlin Bic^
etre; 6Cochin
7
8
Hospital, Paris; Purpan Hospital, Toulouse; Saint-Jean Hospital,
Perpignan; 9Trousseau Hospital, Tours, France
Background: A new fibrinogen concentrate was developed according
to European guidelines on plasma-derived products. Subsequently a
post marketing safety study was conducted.
Aims: The main objective of this non-interventional, prospective, noncomparative, multicenter study was to evaluate the safety of this new
marketed fibrinogen concentrate for the treatment of congenital fibrin-
ABSTRACTS
ogen deficiency in current medical practice. The secondary objective
was to assess its clinical efficacy.
Methods: A descriptive analysis was done according to the following
criteria: prophylaxis or on-demand treatment and age (<6, <12 and
12 years).
Results: Fourteen afibrinogenemia patients (178 years) were included
and followed for 1 year. Twenty-one adverse drug reactions (ADRs),
classically reported with administration of fibrinogen concentrate (pallor, chills, cough, vomiting, headache, urticaria and erythematous
rash), were reported in 5/14 patients; 14 ADRs occurred in 2 children
under 6 years and 7 ADRs concerned 3 adults. There were 2 serious
ADRs, an anaphylactic shock in a 22-month-old child and a subclavian venous thrombosis in a 35-year-old woman with an implantable
port, both treated with prophylaxis. The outcome of the 2 serious
ADRs was favorable without sequelae; no patient had to stop definitively the treatment because of an ADR. In 9 patients under prophylaxis, 365/367 (99.5%) infusions were considered successful (excellent/
good) and 2 as failures (moderate). Moreover, 10 mainly traumarelated hemorrhagic situations in 4 patients required 16 curative infusions. For the 5 patients treated on-demand, the efficacy was rated as
excellent for 27/48 infusions and good for the 21 others.
Conclusion: This study confirms that the benefit/risk ratio of this
fibrinogen concentrate is favorable. The diversity of the patients
included in terms of age, sex, comorbidity and type of treatment provides valuable information on current delivery of medical care for afibrinogenemia patients.
Disclosure of Interest: Z. Tellier Employee of: LFB Biomedicaments,
C. Negrier Grant/Research Support from: LFB Biomedicaments as
national coordinator of the study and member of the scientific committee, C. Rothschild Grant/Research Support from: LFB Biomedicaments as principal investigator of the study, J.-Y. Borg Grant/
Research Support from: LFB Biomedicaments as principal investigator of the study, T. Lambert Grant/Research Support from: LFB
Biomedicaments as principal investigator of the study, N. Stieltjes
Grant/Research Support from: LFB Biomedicaments as principal
investigator of the study, S. Claeyssens Grant/Research Support from:
LFB Biomedicaments as principal investigator of the study, L. Sanhes
Grant/Research Support from: LFB Biomedicaments as principal
investigator of the study, A. Bertrand Employee of: LFB Biomedicaments, M.-H. Andre Employee of: LFB Biomedicaments, P. Sie
Grant/Research Support from: LFB Biomedicaments as member of
the scientific committee, Y. Gruel Grant/Research Support from: LFB
Biomedicaments as member of the scientific committee.
443
PO502-MON
Fibrinogen deficiency: preliminary results of the PRORBDD project
Peyvandi F1, Menegatti M2, Palla R2, Siboni SM1, Boscarino M1,
Pergantou H3, Platokouki H3, Lachmann B4, Halimeh S4, van
Lent M5, Brons P5, Laros-van Gorkom B5, Fatima N6,
Borhany M6, Ylmaz A7, Williamson A8, Shapiro A8, Casini A9,
Ozdemir N10, Zapletal O11, Blanty J11, Hsu F12, Chapin J12,
Giansily-Blaizot M13, Schved JF13, Harvey A14, Mumford A14,
Quartey P15, Austin S15, Saracevic M16, Mikovic D16 and de
Moerloose P9
1
Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Centre,
Fondazione IRCCS Ca Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico
Milano; 2Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation,
Universit
a degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; 3Haemophilia
Centre/Haemostasis Unit, Agia Sofia Childrens Hospital, Athens,
Greece; 4Coagulation Center Rhine Ruhr, Duisburg, Germany;
5
Haemophilia Treatment Centre, Radboud University Nijmegen
Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; 6National Institute
of Blood Disease & Bone Marrow Transplantation, Karachi,
Pakistan; 7Dr. Behcet Uz Childrens Hospital, Izmir, Turkey;
8
Indiana Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Indianapolis,
United States; 9Division of Angiology and Haemostasis,
University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland;
10
Department of Pediatric Hematology, Cerrahpasa Medical
Faculty of Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; 11Department of
Paediatric Haematology, University Hospital, Brno, Czech
Republic; 12Weill Cornell Medical College, New York
Presbyterian Hospital, New York, United States; 13Laboratoire
dhematologie, Hospital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France; 14Bristol
Haematology and Oncology Centre, Bristol; 15Haemophilia
Centre, St Georges Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK;
16
Haemostasis Department, Blood Transfusion Institute of Serbia,
Belgrade, Serbia
Background: Management of fibrinogen deficiency is challenging and
guidelines for optimal treatment are not available yet.
Aims: The 3-year observational PRO-RBDD study aims at evaluating
the incidence of bleeding episodes in patients with fibrinogen deficiency, the association between fibrinogen activity and bleeding severity and the used treatment regimen.
Methods: Data were entered in a web-based database at baseline (history) and every 6 months (follow up). 114 patients (66 females/48
males; 31 patients 12 years) were recorded.
Results: Regression analysis confirmed a good association between
fibrinogen activity and age at diagnosis or clinical severity (classification in Peyvandi et al JTH 2012) (b=-0.19, P < 0.05). Grade III bleedings were observed in 67% (18/27) of patients with undetectable
fibrinogen activity, however only 38% of these patients were on prophylaxis. The most frequent symptoms were mucocutaneous bleedings,
hematoma and hemarthrosis (40, 23 and 21%) observed in all laboratory severities; while CNS, GI and umbilical cord bleeding were
observed only in severe and moderate deficiency (8, 4 and 15%).
Almost 30% (13/45) of women had menorrhagia; 15% (6/40) of pregnancies ended to a spontaneous abortion and 8% (3) showed bleeding
complications. Follow-up data (up to 700 days) on 75 patients on ondemand therapy and 12 on prophylaxis, using 50
670 mg Kg1 month1, showed an incidence bleeding rate of 0.3
patient-year1 (95%CI 0.20.5) and 0.5 (95%CI 0.21.1). The risk of
having a bleeding requiring replacement therapy did not differ in the
two groups (log rank test = 0.43). No thrombotic events were
observed.
Conclusion: These results confirmed a good association between fibrinogen activity and clinical severity. A wide range of prophylaxis dosage
were used without a complete resolution of bleeding episodes underly-
444
ABSTRACTS
ing the lack of indications for optimal prophylactic treatment. A larger

group of patients and a longer follow up period are required to evaluate the efficacy of prophylaxis.
Disclosure of Interest: F. Peyvandi Grant/Research Support from: Alexion, Bayer, Biotest, Kedrion Biopharma and Novo Nordisk, Consultant for: Grifols, Kedrion Biopharma, LFB and Octapharma,
Speaker Bureau of: Alexion, Baxter, Bayer, Biotest, CSL Behring,
Grifols and Novo Nordisk, M. Menegatti: None Declared, R. Palla:
None Declared, S. Siboni Consultant for: Kedrion, Speaker Bureau
of: Bayer, LFB and CSL, M. Boscarino: None Declared, H. Pergantou: None Declared, H. Platokouki: None Declared, B. Lachmann:
None Declared, S. Halimeh: None Declared, M. van Lent Grant/
Research Support from: MSD (Merck & Co Inc) The Netherlands, P.
Brons: None Declared, B. Laros-van Gorkom Grant/Research Support from: Baxter and CSL Behring, Speaker Bureau of: Sanquin, N.
Fatima: None Declared, M. Borhany: None Declared, A. Ylmaz:
None Declared, A. Williamson: None Declared, A. Shapiro Consultant for: Baxter, Biogen IDEC, Kedrion Biopharma, Novonordisk,
ProMetic Life Sciences, A. Casini: None Declared, N. Ozdemir: None
Declared, O. Zapletal: None Declared, J. Blanty: None Declared, F.
Hsu: None Declared, J. Chapin Consultant for: Baxter, M. GiansilyBlaizot: None Declared, J. F. Schved: None Declared, A. Harvey:
None Declared, A. Mumford Speaker Bureau of: Novonordisk, P.
Quartey: None Declared, S. Austin: None Declared, M. Saracevic:
None Declared, D. Mikovic: None Declared, P. de Moerloose Grant/
Research Support from: Bayer, Baxter, LFB, Octapharma, Novonordisk and Pfizer, Speaker Bureau of: Bayer, Baxter, LFB, Octapharma,
Novonordisk and Pfizer.
PO503-MON
Decreased fibrinolytic resistance in FXI-deficiency is
independent of clotting impairment
A2, Menegatti M2,3, Biguzzi E2,
Incampo F1, Cannavo
1
Semeraro N , Colucci M1 and Peyvandi F2,3
1
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology,
University Aldo Moro, Bari; 2Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia
and Thrombosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca Granda Ospedale
Maggiore Policlinico; 3Department of Pathophysiology and
Transplantation, Universit
a degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
Background: Factor XI deficiency (FXI-Def) is a rare bleeding disorder with no association between the circulating FXI levels and severity
of bleeding. We and others have reported a decreased fibrinolytic resistance in FXI-Def, allegedly attributable to a reduction of thrombindependent antifibrinolytic activities.
Aims: We investigated the mechanism behind increased lysability of
FXI-Def clots.
Methods: Eighteen patients with FXI-Def (158%) and 17 matched
controls were studied. Fibrinolytic resistance was evaluated by the lysis
time of plasma clots exposed to 30 ng mL1 t-PA, thrombin generation by CAT and TAFI activation by two-stage fibrinolytic assay.
Results: When clotting was induced by 0.5 pM tissue factor (TF), FXIDef samples displayed less thrombin and TAFIa generation and
shorter lysis time than controls (P < 0.01 for all). The contribution of
TAFI to fibrinolysis (lysis time difference upon PTCI addition) was
smaller in FXI-Def patients (P = 0.01). A 100-fold higher concentration of TF (to bypass FXI) abolished the difference in thrombin generation but not the difference in lysis time between FXI-Def and
controls (P = 0.05). Normalization of FXI level by a FXI concentrate
increased thrombin generation (P = 0.04) but not the lysis time of
FXI-Def plasma (60.3 10.0 vs 61.2 9.7). To make fibrinolysis
independent of patients coagulation, clots were induced by purified
thrombin and a high concentration of FXa inhibitor. Surprisingly,
also under this condition the lysis time was shorter (P = 0.017) and
less TAFIa was generated in FXI-Def plasma than in controls
(P = 0.0002). Finally, upon addition of TAFIa (2 nM), the lysis time

of FXI-Def plasma (clotted with reptilase) prolonged significantly less
than control plasma (80 59 vs 187 58 min, n = 5, P = 0.02).
Conclusion: An impaired TAFI pathway, largely unrelated to clotting
deficiency, appears the main cause of decreased fibrinolytic resistance
in FXI-Def. The mechanism interfering with TAFI activation/activity
remains to be identified.
PO504-MON
Impact of assay method on clinical dosing of a purified
factor X concentrate
Lloyd J1 and Norton M2
1
R&D; 2Medical Department, Bio Products Laboratory Limited,
Elstree, UK
Background: Factor X functional activity is measured by either a factor-specific prothrombin time assay (clotting assay), or a chromogenic
assay measuring chromophore release from a peptide substrate.
Although the Ph.Eur. compendial chromogenic assay is used to label
factor concentrates in Europe, clotting assays are mainly used to diagnose and treat factor X deficiency.
Aims: To compare factor X clotting assay and chromogenic assay for
optimised dosing of a high purity factor X concentrate (FACTOR X).
Methods: Factor X activity by clotting assay and chromogenic assay
were compared using statistical methods (Bland and Altman, 1999).
Statistical bias (tendency of one assay to exceed the other) was calculated for FACTOR X and for plasma samples from a clinical trial in
hereditary factor X deficient patients.
Results: All datasets showed a bias between the chromogenic and clotting assays. The (chromogenic/clotting) ratio was 0.901.12. Generally
the bias was lower (0.901.02) when the two assays used the same standard preparation, rather than using the different plasma standards
supplied with each assay kit (1.051.12). Assay design influenced
results. Interpolation from a 6-point standard curve showed a bias
(ratio 1.06) compared to analysis of the same data by parallel line
analysis with a 3-point standard line.
Conclusion: Bias between the chromogenic and clotting assays varied
depending on the standard preparation and analytical method used.
The bias between assays was also within validated accuracy and precision. The small bias between the assays is unlikely to be clinically significant even when BPL FACTOR X potency is assigned by
chromogenic assay and patient factor X levels are measured by clotting assay. Recalculation of the clinical trial incremental recovery
(2.07 IU dL1 per IU kg1 using only clotting assay) using a concentrate potency assigned by chromogenic assay and patient plasma levels
measured by clotting assay caused only a small adjustment to
2.00 IU dL1 per IU kg1.
ABSTRACTS
Regulation of gene expression in

vascular cells
PO506-MON
Biogenesis, subcellular localization and mobilization
of two abundant platelet thiol isomerases
Crescente M1, Pluthero FG2, Schenk MP1, Li L2, Lo RW3, Ali MS1,
Vaiyapuri S1, Holbrook L-m1, Falet H4, Kahr WH5 and
Gibbins JM1
1
Institute For Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University
Of Reading, Reading, UK; 2Program of Cell Biology, The Hospital
for Sick Children; 3Department of Biochemistry, University of
Toronto, Toronto, Canada; 4Brigham and Womens Hospital,
Harvard University, Boston, USA; 5Division of Haematology/
Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
Background: Thiol isomerases facilitate the rearrangement of protein
disulphide bonds that are required for the correct folding of secreted
proteins. While typically localized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER),
in platelets they are believed to act at the cell surface to regulate platelet activation, although their origins and distribution in these cells has
caused contention.
Aims: This study aimed to explore the fates of PDI and ERp57 from
their synthesis in megakaryocytes to subcellular location in platelets,
and the mechanism of release during platelet activation.
Methods: Using confocal microscopy, we explored the biogenesis PDI
and ERp57, and followed their fate from immature megakaryocytes
(MK) to mature platelets, and their release to the platelet surface.
Results: Throughout MK development, PDI and ERp57 were organized into punctuate structures in the cytoplasm which become progressively smaller with cell maturation and were trafficked to
proplatelets. PDI and ERp57 were transported separately from agranule cargo proteins and from calnexin, an ER chaperone. In
mature human or mouse platelets they were not found in a-granules,
but were co-distributed in distinct granular compartments that were
present in Nbeal2-/- platelets that lack a-granules. PDI, which was
also absent from lysosomes and d-granules, has been reported to localize with TLR9 in electron-dense regions termed T-granules. We did
not observe a significant degree of co-distribution between PDI and
TLR9, suggesting that this thiol isomerase largely resides in a compartment distinct from T-granules. When platelets were activated,
thiol isomerases were secreted to the platelet surface and this, similar
to a-granule secretion, was regulated by the polymerization of actin.
Conclusion: We conclude that PDI and ERp57 are synthesized early in
megakaryocyte development and packaged into secretory compartments that are distinct from known granules and from where they are
released to the platelet surface via an actin-dependent mechanism.
Reproductive issues I
PO507-MON
Risk factors for obstetric bleeding in von willebrand
disease (VWD)
Roach GD1, Elashoff D2, Baker JR1,3 and on behalf of The US
Hemophilia Treatment Center Network
1
Pediatric Hematology/Oncology; 2Medicine, UCLA, Los
Angeles; 3Center for Inherited Blood Disorders, Orange, United
States
Background: Women with VWD face bleeding risks during pregnancy,
delivery, and the postpartum period. Post partum hemorrhage, for
example, occurs in 1021% of controls compared to 3159% of
445
women with VWD. Few cohorts exist, however, to assess obstetrical

risk factors in this population. The Centers for Disease Control and
Preventions Universal Data Collection Surveillance System Female
Module offers an opportunity to quantify predictors of obstetric
bleeding.
Aims: To build a multivariable regression model to identify characteristics of women with VWD who are at higher risk for pregnancyrelated bleeding.
Methods: Gynecologic and reproductive history and outcomes data
for 174 women diagnosed with VWD who reported at least one pregnancy were extracted from all 30 participating US HTCs from 2009
2011. We examined 18 independent variables as possible predictors of
bleeding with miscarriage, antepartum bleeding, and/or postpartum
bleeding. Independent variables with P < 0.15 were included in the
multivariable model.
Results: One-hundred and seven (61%) of 174 women reported pregnancy-related bleeding. Of the 62 who reported miscarriage, 52 (84%)
had bleeding. Rates of antepartum and postpartum bleeding were
31% and 48% respectively. Univariate analysis revealed 8 variables
associated with bleeding: age at diagnosis, history of anemia, cumulative number of other gynecologic abnormalities, cumulative bleeding
symptom score, cumulative provider intervention for bleeding score,
and medication/device use, surgery, and blood/factor product use for
bleeding or menorrhagia. After removing highly correlated variables, 3
were incorporated into the exploratory multivariable model. Using the
minimum Bayesian information criterion, the final model included history of anemia (OR 4.94, 95% CI 1.3021.63, P = 0.019) and bleeding
symptom score (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.141.66, P < 0.001).
Conclusion: These data suggest that history of anemia and bleeding
symptom score, if prospectively validated, may identify women at risk
for VWD-associated obstetric bleeding.
Disclosure of Interest: G. Roach Grant/Research Support from: NIH
training
grant
in
Developmental
Hematology
(NHLBI
5T32HL086345-05), D. Elashoff: None Declared, J. Baker: None
Declared.
PO508-MON
Placental insufficiency resolution with full
anticoagulation in patients with prior bad obstetric
outcome and dyslipidaemia during pregnancy
Santos R, Barros VV, Igai AK, Pulcinelli RF, Zugaib M and on
behalf of Group Of Thrombosis Pregnancy
Obstetricia e Ginecologia, Hospital Das Cilnicas Faculdade De
Medicina Da Universidade De S~
ao Paulo, S~
ao Paulo, Brazil
Background: Dyslipidaemia may be a cause of bad pregnancy outcome.
Aims: To describe a succesfull treatment of a pacient with placental
insufficiency and dislipydaemia with anticoagulation using enoxaparin.
Methods: Case Report.
Results: Case report: B E.F., 27 years old, white, two pregnancies, one
vaginal delivery in december 2013 after intrauterine fetal death due to
intra uterine growth restriction and placental insufficiency at
28 weeks. (Placental histology with multiple areas of infarction, 2%
gross).
The postpartum research revealed an increased lipoprotein A (20),
negative tests for thrombophilia and total cholesterol and triglyceride
levels in the normal range (159 e 95 mg dL1 respectively)
Pregnancy began making use of enoxaparin 40 mg day1, ASA
100 mg day1, folic acid 5 mg day1, vitamin D, calcium
500 mg day1.In the twenty-ninth week of pregnancy, the percentile
of fetal weight decreased (percentile was 32 at 25 w and 10 at 29 w)
and increased umbilical artery resistance. It was decided to increase enoxaparin to 60 mg day1. In the thirtieth week a new and significant
446
ABSTRACTS
increase in the umbilical artery resistance occurred.(A/B 5.1) and cholesterol levels and triglyceride (283 e 448 mg dL 1respectively)
increased too. A decision to full anticoagulation was taken (enoxaparin to 120 mg day1). In the next two weeks the fetal growth was
recovered and uterine artery resistance decreased.
A healthy newborn was delivered at 37 w with appropriate weight for
gestational age (2460 g), with good performance in the nursery. The
patient remained with enoxaparin 60 mg day1 in the first two weeks
postpartum.
Conclusion: Dyslipidaemia may be a cause of recurrent fetal loss and
placental insufficiency. If prophylactic and early anticoagulation do
not prevent placental insufficiency, therapeutic anticoagulation may
resolve this problem as described in this case report.
PO509-MON
D-dimer measurement has no diagnostic value during
pregnancy a longitudinal study of 4314 samples from
791 healthy women
Hedengran K, Andersen MR, Stender S and Szecsi PB
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University
Hospital Gentofte, Hellerup, Denmark
Background: Several reports have shown that the D-dimer concentration increases progressively throughout normal pregnancy, hampering
the usefulness of the conventional cut-off point above 0.5 mg L1
(FEU) for dismissing thromboembolism. In spite of this fact, some still
recommend change in D-dimer values as an aid in diagnosing thromboembolisms in pregnant women.
Aims: To investigate if individual changes in D-dimer values during
pregnancy are small enough to be helpful in evaluating thromboembolisms in pregnant women, provided an initial value is obtained early
in pregnancy.
Methods: A total of 791 women, healthy and expected to experience
normal singleton pregnancies, were recruited among 2147 women
attending first trimester screening. D-dimer values were measured on
the STA-R Evolution coagulation analyzer with STA Liatest D-DI
#00515 reagent (Diagnostica Stago, Asnieres Sur Seine, France)
repeatedly during the pregnancy, at active labor, and one and two days
postpartum. The obtained D-dimer values were normalized through
transformation into percentiles for the relevant gestation age week.
The range in percentile points was evaluated for each individual
woman.
Results: Plasma D-dimer values during pregnancy deviated about 20
percentile points in about half the women, and in one out ten women
the D-dimer values deviated more than 50 percentile points.
Conclusion: Due to the high degree of fluctuations in D-dimer percentile points within each individual women during normal pregnancy,
longitudinal D-dimer measurements are of no clinical use in evaluation
thromboembolic events during pregnancy, nor are solitary D-dimer
measurements.
PO510-MON
Men with factor V Leiden have increased sperm counts
Van Mens TE1, Korver CM2, Cohn DM1, Meijers JCM3,
Middeldorp S1 and Repping S2
1
Vascular Medicine; 2Center for Reproductive Medicine;
3
Background: Factor V Leiden (FVL) is common amongst Caucasians,
despite its association with venous thromboembolism and miscarriage.
It is therefore presumed to also convey an evolutionary benefit. Male
carriers have increased fecundity and we previously observed a statistically non-significant increase in total sperm count in FVL carriers. For
the prothrombin G20210A mutation (PGM), the second most prevalent inherited thrombophilia, such an association has not been investigated.
Aims: To assess if FVL and/or PGM are associated with increased
total sperm count.
Methods: We report on a consecutive cohort of 1473 men of couples
presenting with subfertility to our academic hospital in the Netherlands, of which 908 men were previously reported on. Men with azoospermia or a known cause for oligozoospermia were excluded.
Genotyping was done with PCR. Differences in semen parameters
were tested with Kruskal-Wallis test.
Results: Here, we present preliminary data, as inclusion is ongoing.
The mean age was 37.2 years. The prevalence was 4.2% for FVL and
1.9% for PGM. Median total counts were 235 9 106 (IQR 89 330)
for FVL carriers vs. 159 9 106 (IQR 57 297) for non carriers (P
value 0.060). Sperm parameters did not differ between PGM carriers
and non carriers.
Conclusion: Our preliminary results again suggest an increased sperm
count in men with FVL. We will report complete data on the conference. Increased sperm count might very well explain the high prevalence of FVL in the general population despite its detrimental health
effects of venous thromboembolism and miscarriage. The basis for the
association remains to be elucidated. If coagulation related, it might
be mediated by an effect on protein C inhibitor, which has been implicated in spermatogenesis and fertility. However PGM, which has similar effects on coagulation, was not associated with sperm count. A
plausible alternative explanation is genetic linkage of FVL with a
nearby locus that affects spermatogenesis.
PO511-MON
Incidence of venous thrombosis in pregnancies after
spontaneous and art conception an Italian cohort
study
Villani M1, Dentali F2, Colaizzo D1, Tiscia GL1, Vergura P1,
Petruccelli T1, Petruzzelli F3, Ageno W2, Margaglione M4 and
Grandone E1
1
Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis Unit, I.R.C.C.S. Casa Sollievo
Della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo Foggia; 2Department of
Clinical Medicine, Insubria University, Varese; 3Obstetrics and
Gynaecology Department, I.R.C.C.S. Casa Sollievo Della
Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo Foggia; 4Medical Genetics,
University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
Background: Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) may increase
thrombotic risk after successful cycles. Ovarian Hyper Stimulation
Syndrome (OHSS) or thrombophilias could increase this risk.
Aims: To determine 1) the incidence of venous thrombosis in successful ART cycles and compared it to that of general population conceiving spontaneously and 2) the weight of potential risk factors.
ABSTRACTS
Methods: A cohort of 998 women approaching ART between April
2002 and July 2011 consecutively referred by local Fertility Clinics was
compared to a cohort of women who consecutively delivered
(n = 3339) at our Hospital after spontaneous conception (20102012).
Among women undergone ART, 234 achieved 1 clinical pregnancy.
For women who conceived spontaneously, information on the diagnosis of venous thrombosis was obtained by linkage to our Institutional
patient register by using specific codes according to the International
Classification of Diseases, 9th revision (ICD-9).
Results: Overall, 3 venous thromboses in pregnancies after ART and
11 in the spontaneous ones were recorded (Two-tailed Fisher exact
test: P = 0.06, OR= 3.9, 95%CI= 0.8715.3). After the exclusion of
superficial thromboses, the incidence of venous thromboembolism was
2/234 in pregnancies from ART (8.5 &) and 6/3339 (1.8 &) in the
spontaneous ones (P: 0.09). Among women carrying thrombophilias
(n = 24) only 1 showed a venous thrombosis. An antithrombotic prophylaxis was prescribed in 23/234 (9.8%) women undergone ART.
The incidence of thrombotic events with/without prophylaxis with
LMWH was not statistically significant (thromboses: 1/23 vs 2/211, P:
ns). Among 234 successful cycles, 10 (4.3%) were complicated by
OHSS. LMWH was prescribed because of OHSS in 3 out of 23 (13%)
treated cases; furthermore, an OHSS was recorded in 7 out of 211
(3.3%) untreated pregnancies.
Conclusion: Women undergone ART cycles have a slightly higher risk
of venous thrombosis as compared to pregnant women who conceive
spontaneously.
PO512-MON
Post-partum prophylaxis in practice
Le Moigne E1, Nicolas P1, Delluc A1, Lacut K1, Collet M2,
Mottier D1, Pan-Petesch B3 and on behalf of EA3878
1
Department of internal medicine and pneumology; 2Department
of obstetrics and gynecology; 3Department of hematology, Brest
University Hospital, Brest, France
Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is one of the leading
causes of maternal mortality in developed world and is highly preventable. Population studies identified risk factors for VTE during postpartum (PP) and guidelines for thromboprophylaxis are available in
Western countries. Nevertheless, recommendations are of low level of
evidence with several differences in care.
Aims: Assessment of adherence to recommendations in thromboprophylaxis prescription during post-partum and analysis of prescription
errors.
Methods: We compared thromboprophylaxis practices to recommendations, in consecutive women who delivered in Brest from April 2013
to March 2014. General characteristics, VTE history and pregnancy
outcomes were recorded. Women were classified at low, intermediate
and high risk for VTE during PP. Thromboprophylaxis prescription
was analysed for women classified at intermediate or high risk, all
women with caesarean section (CS) and a sample of 90 women at low
risk without CS.
Results: Thousand-eight-hundred and eleven women were evaluated,
393 were over 35 years and 254 were obese. 298 women were classified
at intermediate or high risk for VTE during PP (267 due to CS and
additional risk factors, 31 for other medical reason).140 women had
CS without additional risk factor. Prescription was adequate for 33%
of women at risk, 6.9% of women requiring extended prophylaxis and
15 of 16 women with past history of VTE. 97% of women with low
risk CS were overtreated. None of the 90 sampled low risk women
without CS received prophylaxis. Association of CS and age over 35
(36% of women) identified 98% of women with indication for
extended prophylaxis.
447
Conclusion: Adherence to recommendations was low; patients combining low risk factors were undertreated. Complexity of guidelines and
scientific weakness of data are barriers to adherence of practitioners.
Simplified risk scores and clinical studies are needed to identify women
at risk and confirm the best preventive strategy.
PO513-MON
The M2 haplotype within the annexin A5 gene and
antiphospholipid antibodies in unselected pregnant
women- a prospective hospital- based study
Villani M1, Chinni E1, Cappucci F1, Martinelli P2, Maruotti GM2,
Tiscia GL1, Colaizzo D1, Fischetti L1, Margaglione M3 and
Grandone E1
1
Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis Unit, I.R.C.C.S. Casa Sollievo
Della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (Foggia); 2Obstetrics
Department, Federico II University, Napoli; 3Medical Genetics,
University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
Background: Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) and the M2 haplotype in the annexin A5 (ANXA5) gene are recognized causes of obstetric complications. It is known that aPL are directed against annexin,
that is particularly abundant in pregnancy. However, it is not known
whether carriers of the M2 haplotype are more likely prone to the
development of aPL.
Aims: In a general obstetric polulation 1) to determine a possible relationship between the carriership of the M2 haplotype and the presence
of aPL 2) to test the association between the M2 haplotype with/without aPL and pregnancy loss.
Methods: From an initial cohort of 5345 DNA and serum samples of
pregnant women consecutively admitted to 14 hospitals of the Campania region (Italy), between 1st November 2000 and 31st January 2002,
608 samples were available to investigate the presence of IgG/IgM anticardiolipin (aCL), IgG/IgM anti human b2-Glycoprotein I (ab2GPI)
antibodies and the M2 haplotype in the ANXA5 gene. Cut-off values
for medium/high titers were 20 GPL/MPL for both IgG/IgM aCL and
ab2GPI. Obstetric outcomes of the ongoing pregnancy were collected .
Results: Overall, 267/608 (43.9%) pregnant women tested positive for
aPL and/or M2 haplotype: 126/267 (47.2%) showed the presence of
medium/high titers aPL, 117/267 (43.8%) carried the M2 haplotype,
24/267 (9.0%) showed both. Among the carriers of the M2 haplotype
(n = 141), 24 (17%) tested positive for aPL, as compared to 25.5%
(117/459) women without aPL carrying the M2 haplotype (P: ns).
Thirty-six out of 608 (5.9%) pregnancies resulted in pregnancy loss; in
16 (44.4%) of them the M2 haplotype or aPL were detected. Among
women who delivered an at term neonate (n = 572), 251 (43.9%) carried the M2 haplotype and/or aPL.
Conclusion: In general obstetric population the carriership of the M2
haplotype was not associated with medium/high titers aPL. No association was shown between the carriership of M2 and/or aPL and pregnancy loss. Therefore, in at low-risk pregnant women these tests are
not recommended.
448
ABSTRACTS
PO514-MON
Age of menarche and risk of venous thromboembolism
Scheres L1,2, Middeldorp S2, Rosendaal FR1,3,4 and
Cannegieter SC1,3
1
Leiden; 2Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center,
University Of Amsterdam, Amsterdam; 3Einthoven Laboratory for
Experimental Vascular Medicine; 4Thrombosis and Hemostasis
Research Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The
Netherlands
Background: Menarche is the central event in the onset of female puberty and a sign of ovarian activity. It is the moment which initiates
exposure to endogenous estrogen production. The time of menarche
depends on genetic and environmental factors, and has been reported
to affect cardiovascular risk. To date, little is known about age of menarche and risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE).
Aims: To assess whether age of menarche is associated with risk of
VTE.
Methods: All female participants from the MEGA case-control study,
a study into risk factors for VTE (n = 2679 cases, 3383 controls), were
included. Age of menarche was recorded as reported by the participants on a questionnaire and categorized for the following ages: 10,
11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17. Menarche at the age of 14 was chosen as
reference category. Logistic regression models were constructed to estimate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Results: Age of menarche was available for 2427 VTE cases and 3149
controls. The ORs for the early menarche categories 10, 11 and
12 years were 1.1 (95%CI, 0.81.6), 1.3 (95%CI, 1.11.6) and 1.2
(95%CI, 1.01.4), respectively. For menarche at age of 13 the OR was
1.0 (95%CI, 0.91.2). For later menarche in the categories 15, 16 and
17 years the corresponding ORs were, 1.1 (95%CI, 0.91.3), 1.1
(95%CI 0.81.4) and 1.3 (95%CI, 0.91.8), respectively.
Conclusion: Age of menarche is associated with VTE risk in later life,
possibly in a U-shaped relationship. Possible explanations are endogenous estrogen exposure related to age at menarche or confounding factors such as socio-economic class.
PO515-MON
Effect of prophylaxis with lmwh on implantation in
women undergoing assisted reproductive procedures
(IVF or ICSI): a prospective randomized study
F, Gangemi M,
Tormene D, Esposito F, Falcone L, Vigano
Nardelli GB and Simioni P
Padova University, Padova, Italy
Background: An experimental strategy employed to improve embryo
implantation and possibly positive pregnancy outcome was attributed
to the use of heparins, particularly low molecular weight heparin
(LMWH).
Aims: The aim of the study is to test whether prophylactic dose of
LMWH could improve the implantation rate in women with inherited
thrombophilia or a history of two or more than two consecutive
implantation failures.
Methods: Inclusion criteria are: heterozygosity of inherited common
thrombophilias (FVL, PTm), hetero/homozygosity of MTHFR, two
or more than two previous implantation failures, age >18, informed
consent Exclusion criteria are: deficiency of antitrombin, protein C,
protein S, antiphospholipid antibodies, homozygosity or double heterozygosity for FVL/PTm, history of venous thromboembolism.Women enrolled in the study are randomly divided into two
groups. One group receives prophylaxis with LMWH (dalteparin 5000
UI die1) (cases), the other does not (controls).
Results: From September 2012, 81 women gave their consent to participate in the study and have completed a course of procedure:
thirty-three in the group of cases (mean age 39 years, four homozygous for MTHFR C677T, seventeen eterozygous for MTHFR
C677T, three heterozygous for FVL, two double-heterozygous for
FVL/MTHFR, seven with more than two implant failure) and
forty-eight in the control group (mean age 40 years, five homozygous for MTHFR C677T, twenty-eight heterozygous for MTHFR
C677T, two heterozygous for PTm, one double-heterozygous for
FVL/MTHFR, twelve with more than two implant failure). Thirteen
implants occurred in the group of cases and six occurred in the control group. The odds ratio was 3.15 (95% CI 1.33 to 7.45) [RRR
0.32 (95%CI 0.13 to 0.75)].
Conclusion: The results of this study shows a potential advantage of
anticoagulant prophylaxis in the improvement of the implantation rate
in MAP.
PO516-MON
Prediction of venous thromboembolic related feral
losses by a new genetic risk score
Salas E1, Paramo JA2, Lecumberri R2, Alfonso A2, Guillen K3,
Pich S3, Casagran O4, Ferro AL5 and Soria JM6
1
Scientific, Gendiag.Exe, Barcelona; 2Hematology, Clinic
University of Navarra, Pamplona; 3Scientific; 4Genetic Clinical
Laboratory, Gendiag.Exe, Eslugues de Llobregat; 5Scientific,
Ferrer inCode; 6Genomics of Complex Diseases, Institut de
Recerca HSCSP, Barcelona, Spain
Background: Inherited thrombophilia is the leading cause of maternal
venous thromboembolism (VTE) and is associated with an increased
risk of fetal loss. Nowadays, Factor V Leiden (FVL) and Prothrombin
G20210A (PT) are the genetic variants tested to asses fetal loss risk
associated to venous thromboembolism (VTE), but with a very low
sensitivity. Thrombo inCode (TiC) is a new VTE predicting tool that
combines genetic and clinical information.
Aims: In the present study, we have analyzed whether TiC provides a
prediction of fetal loss associated with VTE with a better accuracy
thatn the method nowadays in use (FVL+PT).
Methods: Retrospective case-control study that included 72 cases with
at least two idiopathic fetal loss and 36 controls with at least one pregnancy with success delivery. All participants provided written
informed consent and the study was approved by the ethics committee.
Two weight scores were used in all subjects, one with FVL+PT and
another with TiC (including genetic variants FVL, PT, F5
rs118203906 and rs118203905, F12 rs1801020, F13 rs5985, SERPINC1
rs121909548, SERPINE10 rs2232698 and A1 blood group rs8176719,
rs7853989, rs8176743, rs8176750) plus VTE risk associated to pregnancy. Prediction capacity was assessed in terms of discrimination,
measured as area under the receiver operating characteristic curve
(AUC), and sensibility and specificity.
Results: TiC showed better discrimination (AUC) compared to
FVL+PT (AUC: TiC 0.65, CI 0.550.74 vs 0.55, CI 0.450.64,
P = 0.03). TiC had a better sensitivity (50, CI 38.062.0 vs. 9.72, CI
4.019.0, P = 0.01 TiC and FVL+PT, respectively). Specificity was
similar for TiC than for FVL+PT (100, CI 90.3100 vs 94.4, CI 81.3
99.3, FVL+PR and TiC, respectively). In the 27 fetal necropsy
obtained there was no correlation between necropsy findings and Tic
score.
Conclusion: TiC predicts fetal losses associated to VTE significantly
better than FVL+PT and can have a clinical use in preventing fetal
losses.
Disclosure of Interest: E. Salas Employee of: Gendiag.exe, J. Paramo:
None Declared, R. Lecumberri: None Declared, A. Alfonso: None
Declared, K. Guillen Employee of: Gendiag.exe, S. Pich Employee of:
ABSTRACTS
Gendiag.exe, O. Casagran Employee of: Gendiag.exe, A. Ferro
Employee of: Ferrer inCode, J. Soria: None Declared.
PO517-MON
Monitoring of coagulation activation marker and
application of LMWH in pregnancy
Siegemund A, Scholz U and Siegemund T
And Partners, Leipzig, Germany
Background: The application of low molecular weigth heparin
(LMWH) in pregnant women with thrombophilia or thrombosis in
anamnesis is controversial. No guidelines exist about when to start
with LMWH. We observed pregnant women using D-dimer, fibrinonomer (FM), and prothrombin fragment f1 + 2 levels and thrombin
generation (TG). In cases of a significant increase or a value higher
than expected LMWH was started.
Aims: The study aimed to find a time point for LMWH therapy in
pregnant women with thrombophilia.
Methods: Two-hundred and eight pregnant women w/o LMWH were
investigated, 56% of them with thrombophilia and 44% with thrombosis in anamnesis. The calculations were done based on mean levels
of D-dimer and f1 + 2 (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics), FM and TG
(Diagnostica Stago) corresponding to the duration of pregnancy.
Results: All measured parameters were elevated in pregnancy, but
there are no significant differences between women with thrombophilia
and such with thrombosis in anamnesis. The increase of D dimer is
0.04 lg mL1 week1 and of f1 + 2 is 0.11 pM week1. D-dimer significantly decreased under LMWH therapy. In average patients with
thrombosis received LMWH from week 15 whereas patients with
thrombophilia started in week 20. 46% received LMWH in post partum period only. TG is significantly lower in the LMWH group and
shows nearly the same kinetics like D-dimer. F1 + 2 levels increase
non-significantly under LMWH. Platelet counts between patients w/o
LMWH are comparable.
Conclusion: The application of LMWH decreases the level of coagulation activation in pregnancy. The decrease in D-dimer and TG confirms the decision for application of LMWH in cases without any
guidelines and thrombophilic disposition in pregnancy. Based on median increases per week for each activation marker this procedure could
be a method recognizing the women at extra high risk in pregnancy.
Under this procedure no clinical events were observed.
PO518-MON
Mechanism of the increased thrombosis risk induced
by blood loss during caesarian section
Kuhnt V1, Thomassen MC2, Hackeng TM3, Zenclussen AC1,
Costa S-D4 and Tchaikovski SN1
1
Magdeburg University, Magdeburg, Germany; 2Biochemistry;
3
University of Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands; 4Obstetrics
and Gynecology, Magdeburg University, Magdeburg, Germany
Background: Pregnancy-associated venous thromboembolism (VT) is
the leading cause of maternal mortality in developed countries. The
risk is higher postpartum, after caesarian section (CS) and further
increases after delivery with high blood loss.
Aims: To investigate the mechanisms leading to an increased risk of
VT after surgical delivery with high blood loss. As during pregnancy
almost all coagulation factors increase and anticoagulant proteins
decrease, blood loss will likely result in the normalization of coagulation factors, whereas the deficiency in anticoagulant proteins (e.g. pro 2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997
449
tein S, TFPI) will become more pronounced, leading to an increased

risk on VT.
Methods: Fifty pregnant women undergoing a primary CS will be
enrolled in the study. Blood samples will be collected before CS, immediately after, 1, 6, 24 h and 5 days after surgery. Blood loss and infusions during CS will be exactly evaluated. The study is approved by
Ethical Committee of University of Magdeburg, Germany and began
in August 2014. All participants give written informed consent. At the
moment of the abstract submission 35 participants are enrolled in the
study and the enrollment will be completed by March 2015.
Results: Thereafter thrombin generation will be measured in plasma at
different experimental conditions to assess function of different coagulation and anticoagulant pathways. Major determinants of thrombin
generation will be identified. Blood loss during CS will be correlated
with the changes in thrombin generation parameters and coagulation
factors and anticoagulant proteins. Further, the results will be fortified
by in vitro experiments, simulating the changes in coagulation induced
by blood loss.
Conclusion: The study will reveal the mechanisms of hypercoagulability induced by blood loss during CS. Additionally, optimization of the
infusion therapy will be suggested, taken into account that infusion
may increase haemodilution and shift the balance between coagulation
and anticoagulants even further.
Risk factors venous thrombosis I

PO519-MON
Identifying common and rare genetic variants
associated with serum levels of atherosclerotic
biomarker proteins
Solomon T1, Smith E2, Braekkan SK3,4,5, Wilsgaard T6,
Hansen J-B3,4,5 and Frazer KA2
1
Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program; 2Department of
Pediatrics and Radys Childrens Hospital, University Of
California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA; 3Hematological Research
Group, Department of Clinical Medicine; 4K.G. Jebsen
Thrombosis Research and Expertise Centre TREC, Department of
Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway;
5
Norway; 6Department of Community Medicine, University of
Tromso, Tromso, Norway
Background: Genetic variants can be used to identify causal relationships between biomarkers and diseases, such as between atherosclerotic biomarkers and venous or arterial thrombosis. To identify new
common and rare genetic variants associated with protein biomarkers,
we are identifying loci genotyped through whole exome sequencing
that are associated with 50 atherosclerotic biomarkers.
Aims: To identify common (minor allele frequency >0.05) genetic variants and genes that carry multiple rare variants that are associated
with serum levels of atherosclerotic biomarkers.
Methods: We have performed exome sequencing or array genotyping
on DNA from 330 individuals recruited from the general population
in Troms, Norway (the Troms Study). Serum from these individuals
was isolated at study entry and profiled for the levels of 50 proteins
involved in platelet activation, degradation of the extracellular matrix,
and immune signaling. For each protein, we have identified variation
in or near its respective gene to test for association. We used a mixed
model to test for associations with common variants and a sequencekernel association test to identify genes that carry multiple rare variants associated with protein levels. Using significant sites, we will
explore the downstream consequences of these associations by testing
how they are associated with the other 49 proteins to identify potential
450
ABSTRACTS
pathway relationships. This study was approved by the research ethics

committee and all subjects gave informed written consent.
Results: We have identified seven known and one novel association
between common genetic variants and their protein levels. We are currently performing rare variant analysis before analyzing variants for
pathway associations.
Conclusion: We have identified common genetic variation associated
with the serum levels of 8 atherosclerosis biomarkers. In the future, we
will use these variants to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying cardiovascular diseases, including venous and arterial thrombosis.
PO520-MON
Comparison of thrombin generation test and markers
of coagulation activation in uncomplicated pregnancy
and pregnancy-related venous thromboembolism
Joly B1, Barbay V1,2, Borg J-Y1 and Le Cam-Duchez V1,2
1
Unit of Haemostasis; 2INSERM U1096, Institute for Research
and Innovation in Biomedicine, Rouen University Hospital,
Rouen, France
Background: Pregnancy, a well-established risk factor for venous
thromboembolism (VTE), is associated with a state of hypercoagulability. During pregnancy, it is important to investigate the role of haemostatic risk factors of VTE disease with sensitive and specific
biological markers of thrombosis. Thrombin generation (TG) test is a
global dynamic assay, which automatically investigates all stages of
thrombin generation and inactivation. D-dimer, prothrombin fragments 1 + 2 (F1 + 2), thrombin-antithrombin complexes (TAT) and
fibrin monomer complexes (FMC) are defined as markers of coagulation activation.
Aims: Firstly, this study aimed to compare TG test in pregnancyrelated VTE and uncomplicated pregnancy. Secondly, the evolution of
fibrinogen and markers of coagulation activation was studied in both
groups and compared with TG test evolution. The final goal of this
study was to assess TG assay in pregnancy-related VTE.
Methods: In this study, 106 consecutive uncomplicated pregnant
women and 134 pregnancy-related VTE, followed retrospectively and
longitudinally, were enrolled. TG test was performed using plateletpoor plasma, final concentrations of 5pM tissue factor and 4 lM
phospholipids. Fibrinogen and markers of coagulation activation were
assessed for each patient.
Results: During uncomplicated pregnancy and untreated pregnancyrelated VTE, TG was early increased, and stabilized during the second
month. Anticoagulant treatment disturbed TG test. Markers of coagulation activation, except FMC, increased significantly throughout normal pregnancy and untreated pregnancy-related VTE. FMC varied
during pregnancy with wide inter-individual variations. No correlation
was demonstrated between TG parameters and other activation markers.
Conclusion: The utility of TG test is questioned, in our experimental
conditions, to detect a pathological hypercoagulability state during
pregnancy. To assess the follow-up of pregnancy-related VTE, we recommend to perform D-dimer, F1 + 2, clinical examination and medical imaging when needed.
PO521-MON
All cause mortality and use of antithrombotics within
90 days of discharge in acutely ill medical patients
Mahan CE1, Fields LE2, Mills RM3, Stephenson JJ4, Fu A-C5,
Fisher M6 and Spyropoulos AC7
1
Pharmacy, Presbyterian Healthcare Services, University Of New
Mexico, Albuquerque; 2Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC, Raritan,
NJ; 3Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Raritan-Titusville,
NJ; 4HealthCore, Inc; 5Healthcore Inc., Wilmington, DE; 6Vector
Oncology, Memphis, TN; 7North Shore/LIJ Health System;
Hofstra North Shore/LIJ School of Medicine, Manhasset, NY,
USA
Background: Conflicting evidence exists regarding predictors of mortality and the benefit of antithrombotic therapy on mortality in hospitalized acutely-ill medical patients.
Aims: To identify characteristics associated with receiving antithrombotic therapy after discharge and compare the risk of all-cause mortality within 90 days post-discharge among patients who did and did not
receive antithrombotics.
Methods: We conducted a large (n = 327,578) retrospective claims
analysis of patients aged 40 years hospitalized 2 days for nonsurgical reasons between 2005 and 2009 using the US based HealthCore
Integrated Research Database. Antithrombotic use post-discharge was
captured from pharmacy claims. All-cause mortality was determined
using the Social Security Death Index and cause of death was identified from the National Death Index database. Kaplan-Meier survival
curves were generated and Hazard ratios (HR) for mortality risk were
estimated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models.
Results: Patients prescribed either anticoagulants or antiplatelets postdischarge had a lower risk of all-cause mortality. For anticoagulants,
the most significant predictors of mortality were neoplasms (HR
1.606, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.5281.688), liver disease (HR
1.582, 95% CI 1.4621.713), anticoagulant omission (HR 1.577, 95%
CI 1.4181.754), gastrointestinal (GI) or respiratory tract intubations
(HR 1.507, 95% CI 1.3181.724), and blood dyscrasias (HR 1.444,
95% CI 1.3811.510). For antiplatelets, the most significant predictors
of mortality were antiplatelet omission (HR 3.659, 95% CI 3.266
4.099), liver disease (HR 1.558, 95% CI 1.4401.687), neoplasms (HR
1.555, 95% CI 1.4791.635), GI or respiratory tract intubations (HR
1.481, 95% CI 1.2951.694), and blood dyscrasias (HR 1.426, 95% CI
1.3641.491)
Conclusion: The described risk factors for all-cause mortality may
guide future studies assessing potential mortality benefits with antithrombotics in specific subsets of medical patients.
Disclosure of Interest: C. Mahan Grant/Research Support from: North
American Thrombosis Forum, sanofi, Consultant for: Janssen, Johnson and Johnson, Phizer, Bristol Myers Squibb, Boehringer Ingelheim,
Daiichi Sankyo, Polymedix, Point of Care/Lighthouse Software Solutions, sanofi, Paid Instructor at: New York Hospital Association,
Speaker Bureau of: Janssen, Phizer, Bristol Myers Squibb, Boehringer
Ingelheim, L. Fields Employee of: Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., R.
Mills Employee of: Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., J. Stephenson
Employee of: HealthCore, Inc, A.-C. Fu Employee of: HealthCore,
Inc, M. Fisher: None Declared, A. Spyropoulos Consultant for: Bayer,
Boehringer Ingelheim, Astellas Pharmaceuticals, Johnson & Johnson,
Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pfizer, and sanofi.
ABSTRACTS
PO522-MON
Risk of venous thrombosis and coagulation profile in
Dutch natives and immigrants in the Netherlands:
results from the mega study
Rezende S1, Lijfering W2, Bos M2, Meijers J3, Rosendaal F2 and
Cannegieter S2
1
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil;
2
LUMC, Leiden; 3University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam,
Netherlands
Background: Venous thrombosis (VT) rates seem to vary between individuals with different ethnic backgrounds. Several studies suggest a
lower incidence of VT in Asian than in Caucasian populations. However, most of these studies have used administrative databases sources
and no study has yet investigated the mechanism behind this variation
in risk.
Aims: To investigate the risk of VT in several first and second generation immigrant groups in the Netherlands and to study the mechanism
for differences in risk.
Methods: The study was performed in a large population-based casecontrol study (MEGA study) and included individuals aged 1870
originating from 76 countries. Participants completed detailed questionnaires on putative risk factors for VT and lifestyle-related factors.
Coagulation profile was assessed by measurement of anticoagulant,
procoagulant, and fibrinolytic proteins.
Results: Dutch and immigrant individuals (n = 3285 and n = 475
cases, respectively, and n = 2273 and n = 326, controls, respectively)
were analyzed. The risk of VT varied in different populations. Compared with native Dutch, Eastern Europeans showed the highest (odds
ratio [OR], 2.2; 95% CI, 1.24.1) and Asian immigrants the lowest risk
(OR, 0.6; 95%CI, 0.50.8), which was most pronounced in East/
Southeast Asian immigrants (OR, 0.4; 95% CI, 0.30.6). Levels of hemostatic proteins in native Dutch and East/Southeast Asian controls
showed differences for thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor
(TAFI) activity levels which were lower in the latter (adjusted mean
difference, 10%; 95%CI, 16% to 3%). The protective effect in
East/Southeast Asian immigrants disappeared after adjustment for
TAFI levels (OR, 1.1; 95% CI, 0.61.9).
Conclusion: Thrombotic risk varies within different groups of immigrants and is lowest in East/Southeast Asians, in whom low levels of
TAFI were found. We postulate that the reduction in TAFI levels
explains the decreased risk of VT in East/Southeast Asians which
mechanism requires further investigation.
PO523-MON
Impact of tornadoes on hospital admissions for venous
thromboembolism and cardiovascular events
Casanegra AI1, Silva F1, Shapiro A2, Phan M3, Hawkins B1, Li J4,
Stoner J4 and Tafur AJ1
1
Cardiovascular Section, Department of Medicine; 2School of
Meteorology; 3Hematology and Oncology Section, Department
of Medicine; 4Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology,
College of Public Health, University Of Oklahoma, Oklahoma
City, USA
Background: Natural disaster can impact human health. There is a
paucity of data describing venous thromboembolism (VTE) and cardiovascular events (CVEs) after tornado outbreaks.
Aims: To study the effects of tornadoes on the incidence of VTE and
CVE at a tertiary care institution.
Methods: ICD-9 search of hospital admission records from a single
center in a tornado-prone area three months before and after a severe
2013 tornado outbreak (two high intensity tornadoes within a week)
451
were abstracted. To control for seasonal variation, we also abstracted

data from the same period of the prior year (control). Hospital admissions for VTE and CVE (including acute myocardial infarction, stroke
and VTE) were summated by zip codes, and compared by time period.
Results: There were 22,607 admissions analyzed, of which 6705 (30%)
and 7980 (35%) were during the pre- and post-tornado time frames
respectively. There were 100 VTE in the control, 91 in the pre-tornado
and 118 in the post tornado periods. Combined CVE were 344, 317
and 364 (controls, pre tornado and post tornado periods respectively).
There was no difference in the odds of having a VTE during the posttornado season compared with the control (OR=0.85, 95% CI: 0.65 to
1.11, P = 0.24) or the pre tornado (OR=0.92, 95% CI: 0.70 to 1.21,
P = 0.54). Similar results were found for the combined CVE comparing the post tornado with control (OR=1.05 95% CI: 0.91 to 1.22,
P = 0.50) or with pre-tornado (OR=0.96, 95% CI: 0.83 to 1.12,
P = 0.63). The prevalence of CVE subtypes was not different among
the 3 time periods: 1.3%>1.5% for VTE, 1%>1.2% for CAD, and 2%
>2.2% for stroke. There were differences in CVE by zip codes, but
they were constant along the three time periods.
Conclusion: The tornado outbreak did not increase the prevalence of
VTE or CVE. In contrast to the effect of hurricanes, implementation
of a healthcare policy change directed toward the early treatment and
prevention of CVE after tornadoes does not seem warranted.
PO524-MON
Joint effects of F5 gene variants and tall stature on VTE
risk
Lnneberg TS1,2, Smith E3,4, Brkkan S1,2, Horvei LD1,2,
Solomon T5, Wilsgaard T6, Rosendaal F7, Frazer K3,4 and
Hansen J-B1,2
1
K. G. Jebsen Thrombosis Research and Expertise Center TREC,
North Norway, Troms, Norway; 3University of California, San
Diego, La Jolla; 4Department of Pediatrics, Radys Childrens
Hospital, San Diego, USA; 5Biomedical Sciences Graduate
Program, University of California; 6Department of Community
Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Troms,
Norway; 7Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden
Background: Factor V is an essential co-factor in the coagulation cascade, and FV gene variants (rs6025_T (FV-Leiden) and rs4524_T) are
established inherited risk factors for VTE. Previous studies have
shown that tall stature increases the VTE risk, probably due to gravity-induced stasis. We sought to investigate whether prothrombotic
variants in the F5 gene had a joint effect with tall stature on VTE risk.
Aims: To investigate the joint effect of F5 gene variants (rs6025 and
rs4524) and tall stature on VTE risk in a case-cohort recruited from a
general population.
Methods: Cases with a first VTE (n = 660) and an age-weighted subcohort (n = 1793) sampled from the Troms 4 (199495) and 6 (200708)
studies were included. Baseline DNA-samples were genotyped for F5
gene variants. Validated VTEs were registered up to Dec. 31st, 2012.
The study population was stratified into tertiles (T) of body height
with T1 < 164 cm and T3 175 cm. Cox survival models were used
to calculate hazard ratios (HR) for VTE across categories of body
height and F5 gene variants adjusted for age, sex and body-mass
index. Subjects in T1 without risk alleles served as reference. The
regional committee for research ethics approved the study and all subjects gave informed written consent.
Results: Subjects with a tall stature (T3) had a 2.1-fold (95%CI; 1.6
2.9) higher VTE risk than short subjects (T1). Short subjects (T1) with
452
ABSTRACTS
risk alleles for rs6025 or rs4524 had a 2.6-fold (95%CI; 1.74.0) and
2.2-fold (95%CI; 1.14.5) higher VTE risk, respectively, compared to
those without risk alleles. Tall stature and risk allele for rs6025 or
rs4524 was associated with a 3.4-fold (95%CI; 2.25.4) and 4.5-fold
(95%CI; 2.19.5) higher VTE risk, respectively. A combination of risk
alleles at the rs6025 and rs4524 sites and tall stature was associated
with a 6.5-fold (95%CI; 2.914.8) higher VTE risk compared to short
subjects without the risk alleles.
Conclusion: Our findings imply that risk alleles at FV gene sites
increases the risk of VTE in tall stature.
PO525-MON
Joint effect of obesity and risk alleles in the kng1 gene
on risk of venous thromboembolism
Lnneberg T1,2, Smith E3,4, Brkkan S1,2, Horvei LD1,2,
Hansen J-B1,2
1
Hospital, San Diego, United States; 5Biomedical Sciences
Graduate Program, University of California; 6Department of
Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway,
Troms, Norway; 7Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden
Background: Obesity is a well-established risk factor for venous
thrombobemolism (VTE). The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)
rs710446_C in the kininogen 1 gene (KNG1) is associated with
increased risk of VTE. There is, however, limited information about
potential joint effects of obesity and risk alleles in the KNG1 gene on
VTE risk.
Aims: To investigate the joint effect of obesity and risk alleles in the
KNG1 gene on VTE risk in a case-cohort study recruited from the
general population.
Methods: Cases with a first VTE (n = 660) and an age-weighted subcohort (n = 1793) sampled from the Troms 4 (199495) and 6 (200708)
studies were included. Incident VTEs were registered from baseline to
end of 2012, and all VTE events were confirmed by radiological procedures or by autopsy. Obesity was defined as BMI 30 kg m2. Cox
regression models were performed to calculate hazard ratios (HR) for
VTE in normal-weight and obese subjects with one or two risk alleles
at rs710446 in the KNG1 gene in analyses adjusted for age and sex.
The regional committees for research ethics approved the study and all
subjects gave informed written consent.
Results: The prevalence of one and two risk alleles in the KNG1 gene
was 45.7% and 14.1%, respectively, in our study population. Normalweight (BMI<25 kg m2) carriers of risk alleles in KNG1 did not have
higher VTE risk (HR 1.1, 95CI; 0.81.4) than non-carriers. Obese subjects without risk alleles had 1.5-fold (95%CI; 1.12.2) higher VTE
risk than normal weight subjects without risk alleles. The risk estimates for VTE in obese increased with the number of risk alleles from
1.8 (95%CI; 1.32.5) in subjects with one risk allele to 3.4 (95%CI;
2.25.2) in those with two risk alleles.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the number of risk alleles in
KNG1 gene increases the risk of VTE in obese individuals.
PO526-MON
Joint effect of cancer and the Gp6 RS1613662 single
nucleotide polymorphism on VTE risk
Dziewiecka O1, Smith E2,3, Brkkan SK1,4, Jensvoll H1,4, Blix K1,4,
Solomon T5, Wilsgaard T6, Rosendaal FR7, Frazer KA2,3 and
Hansen J-B1,4
1
K.G. Jebsen Thrombosis Research and Expertise Center TREC,
Diego, La Jolla, United States; 4Division of Internal Medicine,
University Hospital of North Norway, Troms, Norway;
5
Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California,
San Diego, La Jolla, USA; 6Department of Community Medicine,
UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Troms, Norway;
7
Background: Cancer is a risk factor for venous thromboembolism
(VTE). The GP6 gene encodes a platelet membrane glycoprotein that
acts as a receptor for collagen and plays a key role in platelet pro-coagulant activity and subsequent thrombin and fibrin formation. Pre-cancer platelet count has been previously implicated in VTE in patients
with cancer but not in those without.
Aims: To study the joint effect of active cancer and the GP6 rs1613662
single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) on VTE risk in a case-cohort
study recruited from the general population.
08) studies were included. Symptomatic VTEs and cancer were registered until the end of 2012. Cox regression was used to determine VTE
risk in cancer compared to non-cancer subjects. Only active cancers,
meaning 6 months prior to until 1 year following a cancer diagnosis,
were designated as cancer. VTE events during this period were defined
as cancer-related. The study was approved by the regional research
ethics committee and subjects provided informed written consent.
Results: Genotyping was performed and identified 54 individuals with
no risk alleles, 567 with 1 risk allele and 1678 with 2 risk alleles at GP6
rs1613662. During follow-up, there were 529 cancer diagnoses and 95
VTEs related to active cancer. The risk of a cancer-related VTE was
9.9-fold (95%CI 7.912.4). Individuals with no risk allele at rs1613662
had 17.5-fold (95%CI 6.547.1) higher risk of cancer-related VTE.
Notably, cancer patients with 1 or 2 risk alleles at rs1613662 SNP had
a lower risk of VTE: HR 9.8 (95%CI 6.514.9) and HR 8.7 (95%CI
6.711.3), respectively.
Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that individuals with no risk
alleles at GP6 rs1613662 are at higher risk of cancer-related VTE than
those with 1 or 2 risk alleles. This suggests that both platelet count and
platelet aggregation play a key role in VTE in cancer patients, but not
in cancer-free subjects.
ABSTRACTS
PO527-MON
Sex hormone-binding globulin and hemostatic
variables in women using combined or progestin-only
pills
Hugon-Rodin J1,2,3, Canonico M1, Alhenc-Gelas M4,
Hemker HC5, Brailly-Tabard S6, Guiochon-Mantel A6,
Plu-Bureau G1,2,3 and Scarabin P-Y1
1
Inserm, UMR 1018, Villejuif; 2Gynecology Endocrinology, Porte de m
edecine Paris Descartes,
Royal Hospital, Paris; 3Facult
Hopital universitaire Paris Centre; 4Hematology, Hopital Georges
Pompidou, Paris, France; 5Biochemistry, Maastricht University,
Maastricht, The Netherlands; 6Inserm, U1185, Hormonology,
Kremlin-Bicetre, France
Background: Combined oral contraceptives (COC) induce a hypercoagulability and increase the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE).
Despite evidence for an important role of activated protein C resistance in COC-induced VTE risk, the underlying mechanisms are not
completely understood.
Aims: Using sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) as a marker for
total estrogenicity of pills, we investigated the impact of SHBG on hemostatic variables.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in 22 progestin-only
pill (POP) users, 75 users of several types of COC and 53 non-users.
SHBG was measured with an immunometric assay. Thrombin generation-based APC resistance (nAPCr) was measured, together with fragment 1 + 2, D Dimers, free TFPI, tPA and FII (ELISA). Fibrinogen,
FVIII, FVII, antithrombin and protein S activities were also measured. Multiple linear regressions were used to assess the relation
between SHBG and the hemostatic variables.
Results: Users of COC had the highest SHBG (nmol L1) mean value
compared with non-users and POP users (respectively 90 68,
41 24 and 28 21; P < 0.01). In non-user and POP groups, no significant associations between SHBG and hemostatic variables were
found. In COC users, SHBG levels were positively associated with
nAPCr (r = 0.36, P < 0.01). Protein S was the only significant mediator and explained about 50% of this association. SHBG levels were
also positively associated with factor II levels (r = 0.35, P < 0.01).
Multiple regression showed that both nAPCr and factor II made independent contribution to the prediction of SHBG (partial correlation:
0.34 and 0.36, respectively, P < 0.01; R2 =0.23). There was no other
significant hemostatic correlates of SHBG.
Conclusion: While POP have no effect on APCr, COC-related estrogenicity has a major impact on hemostasis. However, changes in APCr
remains largely unexplained despite of an important role of protein S.
In addition, elevated factor II may be also relevant to VTE risk among
COC users.
PO528-MON
Involvement of hereditary thrombophilia in cerebral
venous thrombosis occurring in young patients
Baccouche H1, Chakroun E1, Mahjoub S1, Jemaa MB1, Sassi SB2,
Manai Z1 and Romdhane NB1
1
Hematology, Rabta Hospital; 2Neurology, Neurology Institute,
Tunis, Tunisia
Background: Although cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is rare, its
diagnosis is a challenge for the clinician because of the multiple causes
and contributory factors.
Aims: This study aimed to assess the involvement of hereditary thrombophilia in young patients with CVT.
Methods: Thirty three young patients less than 55 years old with CVT
were compared to 22 age and sex-matched healthy controls. Demo 2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997
453
graphic data and risk factors were analyzed. Antithrombin (AT) activity was determined using stachrom AT reagent. Protein C (PC) and
protein S (PS) activities were measured by Staclot PC and Staclot PS
reagents. The activated protein C resistance test was performed with
Staclot aPCR reagent.
Results: The mean age was 36 year-old [23 to 53 year-old]. The sex
ratio was 0.1. An underlying disease, a triggering event or a history of
fetal loss was observed in 32.35% of cases: post-partum (n = 5), pregnancy (n = 2), contraceptive pills (n = 1), angio-Behcet (n = 1), history
of fetal loss (n = 2). In the other cases, there was no obvious cause.
Pregnancy and puerperium-related CVT represented 23.33% of total
women. Frequency of congenital anticoagulant factor defects was not
significantly different in patients and controls: 9.09% (n = 3) in
patients and 4.5% (n = 1) in controls; P = 0.6. There were a PC deficiency in one patient, PS deficiency in one patient and an aPCR related
to heterozygous factor V Leiden in one patient and one control.
Conclusion: Heridatary thrombophilia was not a significant risk factor
of CVT in young patients. Its interaction with acquired risk factors
such as Pregnancy and puerperium may justify a systematic screening
for inhibitor markers in CVT.
PO529-MON
Chronic liver disease is a significant risk factor for
venous thromboembolism among medical patients in
Singapore general hospital
Lee LH1, Zhang XZ2, Ng HS3, Hui JFC4 and Yang Y5
1
Department of Haematology, Singapore General Hospital;
2
Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Office of Clinical Sciences,,
Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School; 3Department of
Gastroenterology, Singapore General Hospital; 4Healthcare
Analytics, Integrated Health Information Systems IHIS, SingHealth
Corporate Office; 5Department of Epidemiology, Singapore
General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
Background: Chronic liver disease is assocaited with bleeding risks but
increased risks for venous thromboembolism (VTE) were also
described in western populations. Information on this is scare in Asia
despite a rising trend of VTE in Asian hospitals.
Aims: To study the prevalence and risks of VTE in medical inpatients
with CLD at Singapore General Hospital (SGH).
Methods: The SGH discharge database from 2004 to 2011 was
reviewed to identify medical patients with CLD, cancer, venous
thromboembolism (VTE) and other comorbid conditions using the
Australian Modification(ICD-9-AM) codes in International Statistical
Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. The prevalence of VTE was analysed with logistic regression analyses and multivariate regression odds ratio (OR) analyses to adjust for age, gender,
ethnicity and other co-morbidities.
Results: Of 199904 medical patients, 3.6% (7266) had CLD and 0.9%
(1744) had VTE.
Overall prevalence of VTE was significantly increased in CLD patients
with 1.5% in non-cirrhosis 2.0% in cirrhosis and 2.5% in liver cancer,
compared to 0.8% in patients without CLD(P < 0.001).
Similar findings for DVT and PE were seen in non-cirrhosis CLD
(DVT-1.0%, PE-0.6%), cirrhosis(DVT-1.7%, PE-0.5%) and liver cancer(DVT-1.6%, PE-1%), compared to non-CLD(DVT-0.7%, PE0.3%).
Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that non-cirrhosis
CLD (odds ratio [OR] 1.6, 95% CI 1.32.1, P < 0.001), cirrhosis (OR
1.6, 95% CI 1.12.4, P = 0.020) and liver cancer (OR 3.2, 95% CI 2.1
4.9, P < 0.001) were significant predictors of VTE after adjustment for
age, gender, ethnicity, non-liver cancer, infectious disease, and other
comorbid conditions such as diabetic mellitus, cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, renal and pulmonary diseases.
454
ABSTRACTS
Conclusion: Significantly higher prevalence of VTE is seen in our hospitalised medical patients with CLD. The risk further increases with
the presence of cirrhosis and cancer. Further studies are required to
identify those who will benefit from appropriate preventive measures.
PO530-MON
The effect of hemodiafiltration and hemodialysis on
coagulation parameters in patients with end-stage
renal disease
k B1, Moln
J1,
Penzes-Daku K1, Becs G2, Hurja
ar
E1, Csapo
1
2
1

Katona E , Balla J and Muszbek L
1
Division of Clinical Laboratory Science; 2Division of
Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Of
Debrecen, Faculty of Medicine, Debrecen, Hungary
Background: Changes in the hemostatic system might contribute to the

highly increased risk of atherothrombotic complications in end-stage
renal disease (ESRD).
Aims: Our aim was to test the level of certain hemostatic factors, which
might be associated with the risk of thrombosis in these patients.
Methods: Thirty patients being on hemodiafiltration (HDF) treatment
for at least one year were enrolled in the study and their hemostasis
parameters were measured before as well as 1 and 4 h after the initiation of an actual HDF. Then, their treatment was switched to hemodialysis (HD) for 2 weeks, after which period hemostasis parameters
was measured according to the same protocol. Factor VIII (FVIII)
activity, antithrombin (AT) activity, and a2-plasmin inhibitor activity
were determined by chromogenic assays. Factor XIII (FXIII) activity
and FXIII-A2B2 antigen were measured by ammonia release method
and ELISA, respectively. Fibrinogen was determined by Clauss
method, immunoturbidimetry was used for the measurement of Creactive protein (CRP).
Results: FVIII activity was above the reference interval in 46% and
23% of the patients being on HDF and HD treatment, respectively.
FVIII levels poorly correlated with CRP concentrations. 26% of HDF
patients showed elevated FXIII levels and 17% of them had decreased
AT activity. Following HD treatment 43% of the patients had
increased FXIII activity. The AT activity was decreased in 27% of the
patients. a2-plasmin inhibitor activity remained in the reference interval. Fibrinogen levels were slightly/moderately elevated in half of the
patients. When the above parameters were corrected for albumin only
FXIII activities showed significant elevation during the 4-h course of
HDF or HD treatment.
Conclusion: The elevated FVIII and FXIII levels and the decreased AT
activity might contribute to the increased atherothrombotic risk of
ESRD patients. Evaluation of specific hemostatic parameters in these
patients could contribute to a more effective prevention of atherothrombotic events.
PO531-MON
MIR-15A, MIR-96, MIR-144, MIR-150, MIR-155,
MI210, MIR-212, MIR-223, MIR-424 AND MIR-451
are differently expressed in platelets from DVT
patients
Flores-Nascimento M, Ferreira RA, Fornari TA, Siqueira LH,
Mazetto BM, Orsi FLA, De Paula EV, Collela MP and
Annichino-Bizzacchi JM
Haemostasis Laboratory, University Of Campinas, Campinas,
Brazil
Background: miRs are small RNAs that regulate negatively the gene
expression promoting mRNA degradation.
Aims: We analyzed the miR-15a, miR-96, miR-144, miR-150, miR155, mi210, miR-212, miR-223, miR-424 and miR-451 on platelet
RNA obtained from 3 spontaneous and recurrent proximal DVT
patients and compared to 1 sibling and 1 neighbor for each patient.
Methods: Platelets RNA was obtained, and qPCR reactions were performed using the RT2 miRNA PCR array system (Qiagen). U6 was
applied as a endogen control.
Results: Results (shown as expression and fold change) were considered significants with fold change higher then 2x or lower then 0.5x.
Reduced levels of miRs-96 were observed in patients (0.03 = 1x) in
comparison to siblings (0.71 = 21.4x) and neighbors (0.36 = 10.9x), on
miR-451 (patients: 0.08 = 1x; siblings: 0.74 = 8.7x; neighbors:
0.36 = 4.3x) and on miR-150 (patients: 0.27 = 1x; siblings:
0.68 = 2.5x), but quite significant in neighbors (0.46 = 1.7x). We
observed intermediary expression on miR-15a on patients (0.1 = 1x) in
comparison to siblings (0.64 = 6.4x) and controls (0.03 = 0.33x), on
miR-210 (patients: 0.18 = 1x; siblings: 0.77 = 4.2x; neighbors:
0.04 = 0.2x) and on miR-155 between patients (0.19 = 1x) and siblings
(0.65 = 3.4x), but quite significant in neighbors (0.11 = 0.6). miR-144
was statistically reduced in patients (0.31 = 1x) only in comparison to
siblings (0.88 = 2.9x); miR-212 and miR-223 were statistically
increased in patients (0.54 = 1x; 0.90 = 1x, respectively) in comparison
to neighbors (0.13 = 0.2x; 0.42 = 0.4x, respectively).
Conclusion: miR-15a, miR-96, miR-144, miR-150, miR-155, mi210,
miR-212, miR-223, miR-424 and miR-451 were differently expressed
in platelets obtained from DVT patients in comparison to siblings and
neighbors. These miRs seems to be related to inflammation (miR-210,
miR-155) and to vein thrombosis susceptibility (miR-96, miR-155,
miR-223, miR-424, miR-451), and may be related to the thrombotic
disease phatophysiology.
PO532-MON
Prevention of venous thrombosis after an anterior
cruciate ligament reconstruction: compression
stockings alone vs. its combination with low molecular
weight heparin
Van Adrichem RA1,2, Tolen NJ1, Goldman LA1, Boef AG1, van
Rein N1,3, Driessen MJ4, Vischjager M5, Schipper IB6,
Nelissen RG2, Rosendaal FR1,3 and Cannegieter SC1
1
Clinical Epidemiology; 2Orthopaedic surgery; 3Einthoven
Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden
University Medical Center, Leiden; 4Orthopaedic surgery,
Orthopedium, Delft; 5Orthopaedic surgery, Medinova
Zestienhoven, Rotterdam; 6Trauma Surgery, Leiden University
Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is one
of the most common orthopaedic procedures performed worldwide.
Evidence of the effectiveness of venous thrombosis (VT) prophylaxis
in these patients is limited and guidelines do not recommend this.
ABSTRACTS
Aims: To establish the effect of low molecular weight heparin
(LMWH) in addition to compression stockings after ACL reconstruction on VT prevention.
Methods: We performed an instrumental variable (IV) analysis (a
design that mimics a randomised controlled trial) with centre treatment preference as IV (medical ethics committee approved). Data
from all patients with ACL reconstruction between April 2011 and
June 2013 in clinic A (compression stocking; n = 441) and clinic B
(compression stocking and LMWH; n = 936) were analysed. Both
clinics are located in the same geographical region (< 10 km apart)
and have the same treatment protocol except for VT prophylaxis. The
primary endpoints were VT and bleeding within 3 months after the
procedure. To complement the medical records our dataset is being
linked to data of the national anticoagulation clinics where all patients
with VT are treated (linkage complete at this moment for 826 patients
(60%)). Cumulative incidences (CumInc) and risk differences (RD)
with 95% confidence intervals (95CI) were calculated.
Results: One patient in clinic A (CumInc 0.23% (95CI; 0.011.41)) and
4 patients in clinic B (CumInc 0.43% (95CI; 0.121.14)) had a VT,
resulting in a RD of 0.20% (95CI;-0.410.81). In clinic A, 5 patients
had a bleeding event (CumInc 1.13% (95CI;0.412.71)) and 6 patient
in clinic B (CumInc 0.64% (95CI; 0.261.43)) resulting in a RD of
0.49% (95CI;-1.610.62).
Conclusion: The incidence of VT and bleeding in both clinics was low
and comparable. An additional protective effect of LMWH for the
prevention of VT after ACL reconstruction in patients treated with
compression stockings could not be demonstrated.
PO533-MON
Effect of N-homocysteinylation process on tisular
plasminogen activator
Herrera HH, Kordich LC, Quintana I and Lauricella AM
gica, Facultad De Ciencias Exactas Y Naturales.
Qumica Biolo
Universidad De Bueneos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Background: Hyperhomocysteinemia proved to be a risk factor for
atherothrombosis. Homocysteine thiolactone (HTL) is a highly reactive form that mediates N-binding to e-amino group of lysine residues
resulting in modified proteins. Since impair fibrinolysis is associated to
thrombosis, changes on N-homocysteinylated tissue plasminogen activator (tPAHTL) properties may be involved in this dysfunction.
Aims: To evaluate HTL in-vitro effects on tPA molecule and enzimatic
activity.
Methods: Recombinant tPA was incubated with HTL (molar ratio
tPA:HTL=1:760; 3 h, 37C) or saline buffer as control. Samples were
dializated to remove unreacted HTL. tPAHTL molecule were evaluated
by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis (CZE). tPAHTL activity was evaluated by a) amydolytic and b) fibrinolytic methods: a) Plasminogen
(Plg) activation were studied through kinetic assays with chromogenic
substrate S-2251 (0.5 mmol L1), Plg (0.3 lmol L1), tPAHTL vs.
tPAControl (360 U mL1). Sigmoid curves were obtained maesuring
optical density (OD405 nm) over time. b) Purified fibrinogen
(2.5 g L1) was cloted with thrombin (1 U mL1) in the presence of
Plg and tPA. OD405 nm were recorded vs. time. Maximum lysis velocity (Vmax) were compared. Assays were performed in sextuplicate.
Results: CZE: electroferograms of tPAHTL showed enhanced migration time vs control (tPAHTL 7.49 0.08 vs 7.056 0.009 min). a)
Amydolytic assays showed that Plg activation with tPAHTL resulted
slower
than
control
(Vmax
0.0055 0.0002
vs.
HTL
0.0104 0.0001 min1); b) Fibrinolysis activity was also diminished
by tPAHTL (Vmax HTL 0.004 0.001 vs 0.011 0.002 min1, Lysis
timeHTL 45.0 0.7 vs 13.2 0.4 min). Significant differences
(P < 0.05) between treated samples and controls were observed in all
assays.
455
Conclusion: N-homocysteinylation induced changes in tPA molecule

decreasing its activity. Hyperhomocysteinemic patients would have
altered tPA with minor lytic activity, contributing to prothrombotic
state.
Subsidio UBA: 20020130100741BA: Disclosure of Interest: None
declared.
PO534-MON
Increased circulating dna, calprotectin and
mieloperoxidase, as neutrophil extracellular trap
markers, are risk factors for deep vein thrombosis
n LA, Ferrando F, Cid AR, Bonanad S,
Martos L, Navarro S, Ramo
~a F and Medina P
Espan
Research Group, La Fe Sanitary Research Institute, Valencia,
Spain
Background: In vitro, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are
involved in the initiation, growth and resolution of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). DNA, calprotectin (CP) and mieloperoxidase (MPO) are
major components of NETs.
Aims: To measure the levels of these 3 circulating NET components in
plasma from 193 DVT patients and 198 healthy controls in order to
assess the role of NETs on the risk of DVT in vivo.
Methods: DNA was measured with PicoGreen (Life Technologies). CP
(Hycult Biotech) and MPO (Abnova) were measured by ELISAs.
Odds Ratios (ORs) were adjusted for age, sex and the presence of
genetic thrombophilic defects.
Results: Patients with DVT had significantly higher levels of circulating DNA (1616 296 ng mL1), CP (121 60) and MPO
(2116 1335) compared with controls (1327 228, 88 54 and
1752 1393, respectively) (P < 0.001). There was a significant correlation between the levels of DNA and CP both in cases (r = 0.245;
P = 0.003) and controls (0.271, P = 0.001) and between CP and MPO
in patients (r = 0.194, P = 0.024). Individuals with levels in the 4th
quartile (Q) of controls had a significant increase in the risk of VTE
compared with those in the 1st Q: DNA (OR10.7; 95% CI, 3.038.3),
CP (13.0; 3.548.8) and MPO (6.2; 2.118.4). Multivariate analysis
including the 4th Q of DNA, CP and MPO showed a significantly
increased OR only for DNA (15.6; 1.2203.0).
Conclusion: Increased levels of DNA, CP and MPO were associated
with a significant increase in the risk of DVT. The multivariate analysis suggests that the increased VTE risk is via the increase in DNA levels. These results support the potential use of DNase as a new
therapeutic tool for DVT prevention or thrombolysis. Funding
sources: ISCIII (PI12/00027, RD12/0042/0029, PI14/00512, PI14/
00079, FI14/00269), FEDER, Generalitat Valenciana (Prometeo
2015). SN is an IIS La Fe researcher. PM is a Miguel Servet researcher
(FIS-CP09/00065).
PO535-MON
In-hospital costs and clinical determinants of costs of
acute pulmonary embolism: a prospective study
Galanaud J-P1,2, Ternissien A2, Georgescu V3, Pontal D1,
Quere I1,2, Aubas P4 and Mercier G4
1
Clinical Investigation Centre; 2Internal Medicine; 3Biostatistics
and Medico Economics; 4Public Health, Montpellier University
Hospital, Montpellier, France
Background: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a frequent and severe disease. It is also an important driver of costs particularly during the
456
ABSTRACTS
acute usually in-hospital phase of its management. Available medico-economic studies are retrospective and were mostly conducted in
North America. Clinical predictors of costs have not yet been assessed
Aims: To prospectively assess in-hospital costs and initial clinical predictors of costs of acute PE in France
Methods: Prospective, monocentre, observational medico-economic
study conducted in Montpellier University Hospital. From May 2012
to May 2013, all patients hospitalized or admitted to the emergency
room for an objectively confirmed PE were included. Hospitalacquired PE patients were excluded. Patients demographics, social
and clinical characteristics and outcomes were reported. In-hospital
costs were estimated from the French hospital discharge database. We
assessed the influence of demographics and clinical characteristics of
patients at baseline and initial severity of PE on these costs
Results: Two-hundred and three patients were included. Patients
mean age was 68 years and 27% had a Pulmonary Embolism Severity
Index risk class of I or II. In-hospital mortality was 8.5%. Mean
length of hospital stay was 12 days and mean total hospital cost per
patient was 5301 or $6043
Initial severity of PE (severe or intermediate vs. non-severe,
P = 0.003), presence of an active cancer (P = 0.026), a chronic heart
failure (P = 0.014) or a severe renal impairment (P = 0.035) independently increased costs. Age, sex, altered mental status, chronic respiratory disease, recent/risk of bleeding, haemoglobin and platelet levels,
occurrence of PE while on anticoagulants had no significant impact on
these costs
Conclusion: In this French study, in-hospital costs for acute PE were
substantial but lower than those usually reported in North American
studies ($14,000). Initial severity of PE, presence of an active cancer,
of a severe renal impairment or of a chronic heart failure independently increased these costs
PO536-MON
Identification and validation of plasma micrornas
involved in venous and arterial thrombosis
Ramon LA1, Martos L1, Rueda J2, Arnau MA2, Zorio E2,
~a F1 and
Ferrando F3, Mira Y3, Bonanad S3, Medina P1, Espan
1
Navarro S
1
Research Group, La Fe Sanitary Research Institute; 2Service of
Cardiology; 3Service of Haematology, Hospital Universitario y
Politecnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
Background: Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are detectable in
plasma, requires non-invasive sampling, and have been described as
promising clinical biomarkers.
Aims: To identify and validate the miRNAs present in the plasma of
patients with venous thrombosis without (VT) and with recurrence
(reVT), and myocardial infarction (MI).
Methods: We analyzed the miRNA expression in 6 plasma samples
from VT patients, 6 with reVT, 6 with MI, and 6 healthy subjects using
the GeneChip miRNA 3.0 Array Platform (Affymetrix). The results
were analyzed using the PARTEK Genomic Suite software, and confirmed by RT-qPCR in 100 samples (20 samples of each subgroup).
Results: The analysis of the miRNA expression separated VT, reVT
and MI samples from controls. We selected 24 miRNAs which expression in VT, reVT and IM were dysregulated compared to controls
(P < 0.05 and FD>1.5). RT-qPCR confirmed the different expression
in 6 miRNAs. Compared to controls, the expression of miR-106b and
miR-126-3p were 33% and 81% increased in MI patients (P = 0.029
and P < 0.001 respectively), miR-122 was 248% and 360% increased
in reVT and MI patients (P = 0.044 and P < 0.001 respectively), miR140-3p was 54% and 82% increased in VT and MI patients (P = 0.039
and P < 0.001 respectively), miR-744-5p was 61% increased in reVT
(P = 0.032), and let-7e was 43% reduced in VT (P = 0.002). Computational prediction of miRNA targets using miRWalk tools showed that
these miRNAs interact with proteins involved in the coagulation, leucocyte transendothelial migration or lipid metabolism pathway
(P < 0.05).
Conclusion: We identify, for the first time, a miRNA profile characteristic of VT and reVT. Further studies are needed to determine the
functional consequences of this imbalance and their use as diagnostic
tools. ISCIII (PI12/00027, RD12/0042/0029, PI14/00512, PI14/00079,
FI14/00269, FIS-CP09/00065), FEDER, Generalitat Valenciana (Prometeo 2015), IIS La Fe (2012/0221).
PO537-MON
The incidence of catheter-related thrombosis in
patients on long-term parenteral nutrition: a
systematic review and meta-analysis
Barco SL1, Salman B1, Serlie MJ2, Middeldorp S1 and Coppens M1
1
Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center; 2Endocrinology
and Metabolism, Academic Medical Centern, Amsterdam, The
Netherlands
Background: Long-term parenteral nutrition (PN) is indicated in
patients with severe intestinal failure. Patients on PN require a central
venous access, which increases the risk of central venous catheterrelated thrombosis (CRT), ultimately leading to loss of vascular access
and intestinal transplantation.
Aims: The aim of this systematic review is to assess the incidence of
CRT in adults on long-term PN.
Methods: We systematically searched Medline and Embase for prospective or retrospective studies including at least 25 patients on PN
and an adequate follow-up length (>3 months). Only studies published
in the past 15 years were included, as low-molecular-weight heparins,
new generations of central venous catheters and new PN feeding formulations have become available since then. Primary outcomes were
the incidence rates of symptomatic objectively- and non-objectivelydiagnosed CRT. The meta-analysis was performed by calculating a
weighted mean of the rates: the weight was determined by the size of
the study population, expressed as patient-years (pt-yrs).
Results: We identified 2379 studies, of which 7 were included. We calculated an incidence rate of 2.4/100 pt-yrs (95%CI 1.33.5) for objectively-diagnosed symptomatic CRT on the basis of 4 studies and an
incidence rate of 7.9/100 pt-yrs (95CI: 2.111.8) for non-objectivelydiagnosed CRT. Anticoagulation administration was not mentioned
in any of the included studies.
Conclusion: The incidence of CRT in patients on PN occurs at a rate
higher than 2% per pt-yr. CRT rate has been poorly documented for
the past 15 years. The higher rates of non-objectively diagnosed CRT
could lead to unnecessary anticoagulation and concomitant increased
risk of bleeding. Well designed intervention studies evaluating the efficacy and safety of anticoagulant prophylaxis are needed.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Barco: None Declared, B. Salman: None
Declared, M. Serlie Grant/Research Support from: TEFA Mediq,
Consultant for: Fresenius, S. Middeldorp Grant/Research Support
from: Glaxo SmithKline, Aspen, Bristol-Meyers Squibb/Pfizer and
Sanquin Blood Supply, Consultant for: Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim,
Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pfizer, Daiichi-Sankyo, M. Coppens Grant/
Research Support from: Boehringer Ingelheim and Sanquin Blood
Supply, Consultant for: Boehringer Ingelheim, Daiichi Sankyo, the
alliance of Bristol-Myers Squibb and Pfizer and Sanquin Blood Supply, Speaker Bureau of: Boehringer Ingelheim, Daiichi Sankyo, the
alliance of Bristol-Myers Squibb and Pfizer and Sanquin Blood Supply.
ABSTRACTS
PO538-MON
Vena cava thrombosis in adulthood vs pediatrics
patients: different phenotypes and risk factors for the
same entity
pez L3,
Daher G1, Pons V2, Valcarce I1, Artaza G1, Olivera P3, Lo
3
1
Santamara A and Bosch F
1
Hematology, Hospital Universitari Vall dHebron; 2Hemostasis
and Thrombosis Unit, Hospital Vall dHebron; 3Hemostasis and
Thrombosis Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall dHebron, Barcelona,
Spain
Background: The vena cava thrombotic phenomenon is a rare condition with wide clinical presentation and characteristics.
Aims: To investigate the clinical presentation and treatment of patients
with vena cava thrombosis (VCT) at diagnosis in a tertiary referral
hospital in Barcelona Spain.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed of all newly diagnosed patients with vena cava thrombosis (VCT) at the haemostasia
unit from January 2007 to February 2014.
Results: Ninety-five patients with VCT were recruited, of whom 55
were pediatrics patients and 43 adults.The median age at diagnosis
within the pediatric patients was 4 months (range:1192 days) with
higher male incidence (63.5%).Inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombosis
within the suprarenal compartment was the most frequent event representing a 61.5% while superior vena cava (SVC) and the IVC with infrarenal involvement represented a 23% and 15.4% respectively. A
35.5% of these cases were diagnosed by echocardiogram and were frequently associated with congenital heart surgery while the SVC thrombosis was catheter related in 58%. 90.6% of the patients received lowmolecular-weight heparin (LMWH) with treatment duration of three
months.
In adults the median age at presentation was 51 years (range:1884)
also with a higher male incidence (58.1%). SCV thrombosis was presented in 53.4% of patients. Most of them were oncological patients
(65.2%) while only 45% where catheter related. LMWH treatment
was used in a 90% of cases for at least 6 months. Thombophilia was
performed in 30 cases and was present in 9.5%
Conclusion: The retrospective analysis of the cohort showed two clear
different phenotypes and different risk factors depending on the age at
presentation. The IVC thrombosis was frequent in the pediatric
patients, associated with congenital heart diseases while the SCV was
the most common site in adulthood, usually associated with neoplasm
malignancies. Further studies are needed to determine clearly the risk
factors and those patients who can benefit of thromboprophylaxis.
Thrombophilia I
PO539-MON
A clinical audit of heritable thrombophilia test profile
in a tertiary health care facility, Pakistan
Rashid A, Moiz B, Perveen H and Rizvi B
Pathology and Microbiology, Aga Khan University Hospital,
Karachi, Pakistan
Background: Heritable thrombophilia is evaluated by performing a
range of screening and diagnostic test. However, the effectiveness of
such evaluations is largely determined by limiting improper investigations, either in inappropriate patients or at unsuitable time points.
Aims: To review clinical ordering patterns of requests for heritable
thrombophilia and to audit these findings against an international
standard.
Methods: Review of requests for heritable thrombophilia profile was
conducted from January-June 2014. Data for patient characteristics,
clinical indication, provoked/unprovoked event, time of performing
457
test and cost incurred were obtained. The 2010 British Committee for
Standards in Haematology (BCSH) clinical guidelines for testing for
heritable thrombophilia was used as the standard for the audit.
Results: On 103 patients 118 requests were made. Median age was
35 years. Fifty five (47%) tests were abnormal of which only 15(27%)
were repeated and only 2(2%) of all patients were confirmed with a
heritable thrombophilia. Indications for testing were deep vein thrombosis 37(36%), stroke 32(31%), intra-abdominal vein thrombosis 18
(18%), arterial thrombosis 4(4%) and pulmonary embolism 2
(2%).Ten percent of patients were screened only on clinical suspicion
though they did not show validated thrombosis radiologically. Provoked thrombosis occurred in 24(23%) patients. Ninety six (93%) tests
were performed on patients on anticoagulation and during acute
thrombotic event. Total cost incurred on 118 tests was around $29500.
Patients tested appropriately for time and clinical indications were 7
(7%) and 44(43%) respectively. Five percent of patients were tested
appropriately with respect to both clinical indications and test timing
hence justifying 5% of the cost expenditure
Conclusion: The large majority of requests did not satisfy the BCSH
criteria. Poor patient and timing selection compromised the utility of
these tests and led to increased wastage of heath care cost
PO540-MON
Thrombophilic profile in extrahepatic portal vein
obstruction- experience from a tertiary centre in India
Dhiman P1, Saxena P1, Bihari C2, Rastogi A2 and Sarin SK3
1
Hematology; 2Pathology; 3Hepatology, Institute Of Liver And
Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
Background: In India, extrahepatic portal vein obstruction (EHPVO)
is responsible for about one third cases of adults and more than half of
the cases in children as a cause of portal hypertension. Role of various
thrombophilic markers and treatment strategies are not clearly established.
Aims: To study the thrombophilic profile, treatment and outcome of
patients with EHPVO.
Methods: A retrospective study of patients with EHPVO who visited
the tertiary care centre was conducted. Characteristics of clinical presentation, etiology of EHPVO, management and outcome were analyzed.
Results: A total of sixty seven cases were diagnosed with EHPVO during last 2 years. Out of these, 45 were males and 22 were females.
Mean age of presentation was 31.9 13.9 years. Clinically, most of
the patients 32 (48%) presented with pain abdomen followed by upper
GI bleeding in 18 (26.8%) cases. Thrombophilia work up done showed
risk factors in 44 (65.7%) cases which include Protein S deficiency in
24 cases mean value (36.3 13.07), Protein C deficiency in 2 cases,
homozygous methyltetrahydrofolate reductase in 3 cases, homozygous
JAK2V617F mutation in one case and hyperhomocysteinemia in 16
patients (8 cases had associated Protein S deficiency). Work up for antiphospholipid syndrome was done in 46 cases out of which three
patients showed significant antiphospholipid and anticardiolipin Ig M
levels. One patient was diagnosed as immune thrombocytopenia and
one patient was a diagnosed case of sickle cell trait. None of the
patients was positive for Prothrombin G20210A mutation and one
patient was heterozygous for Factor V Leiden.
Treatment: Shunt operations done in five patients because of uncontrolled bleeding. Anticoagulation was started in cases of acute thrombosis and duration was decided with regard to risk to benefit ratio in
each case.
Conclusion: This study concludes that concurrence of prothrombotic
disorders is more common than expected and studies are needed to
guide the duration of anticoagulation.
458
ABSTRACTS
PO541-MON
ISTHs clarion call: to raise the awareness of
thrombosis worldwide a global disease burden
Ayadurai T1, Faridah AM2 and Karim FA2
1
Haemostasis Laboratory, Faculty Of Medicine, University
Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia., Kota Kinabalu; 2Haemostasis
Laboratory, National Blood Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Background: To raise the awareness of thrombosis worldwide, the
International Society on Thrombosis & Haemostasis (ISTH) has dedicated 13th October as the World Thrombosis Day (J Thromb Haemost
2014; 12: 1579). This annual event would accord venous thromboembolism (VTE) its due clinical importance when VTE failed to be
reported in the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries and Risk Factors
Study 2010.
Aims: To answer the clarion call of ISTH, thrombosis patients were
analysed over a period of 1 year 2014 to determine the prevalence of
thrombosis in the patient-population of a city-based hospital in Kuala
Lumpur, Malaysia, a developing Asian country.
Methods: Four-hundred thrombosis patients aged 30 to 60 years (254
females + 146 males; ethnicity: 255 Malays, 39 Chinese, 106 Indians)
were categorized into arterial or venous and deep vein thrombosis
(DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE), stroke and other-VTE (e.g. mesenteric, portal, cephalic thrombosis).
Results: Venous thrombosis was identified in 311 (77.8%) patients and
arterial in 89 (22.2%) of which 254 (63.5%) were females and 146
(36.5%) males. There were 133 DVT (33.25%), 120 other-VTE
(30.0%), 89 strokes (22.25%) and 58 PE (14.5%). In the Malays there
were: 39.2% DVT, 25.9% other-VTE, 19.2% PE and 15.7% stroke. In
the Chinese it was 38.5% other-VTE, 33.3% DVT, 20.5% stroke and
7.7% PE. The Indians showed 38.7% stroke, 36.8% other-VTE,
18.9% DVT and 5.7% PE.
Conclusion: Venous thrombosis was more prevalent than arterial by an
overwhelming factor of 3.5 to 1.0 (P < 0.05) with DVT being the commonest and PE the least. Females exceeded males in the incidence by a
ratio of 1.7:1.0. The prevalence of thrombosis in the ethnicities was 62,
35 and 5 per 1000 in the Indians, Malays and Chinese respectively.
The most common thrombosis event in the Malays was DVT (39.2%),
strokes in the Indians (38.7%) and other-VTE (38.5%) in the Chinese
(P < 0.0001). The healthcare authorities could use these data to formulate relevant policies and resources to face this serious disorder.
PO542-MON
Risk factors of thrombosis and sickle cell anemia
Oumar TA, Abibatou S, Seynabou F, Samba C, Moussa S, Blaise F,
Macoura G, Samba NF, Tandakha D and Saliou D
Hematology, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal
Background: Deep vein thrombosis is a common is risk among peaople
with sickle cell disease or trait. Stroke, low limb thrombosis and acute
chest syndrome occur more frequently
Aims: Study thrombosis risk factors in patients with sickle cell SS or
AS compared with healthy AA people
Methods: We led an analytical case-control study during 24 months,
from January 2012 to February 2014. All consenting patients had been
sent to the laboratory by clinicals hematologists.
Sickle cell patients SS and AS were matched by age and sex to AA. All
have benefited from a standard hemostasis tests (PT, APTT, Fib), hemogram, blood grouping and dosage of (PS, PC, AT, and antiphospholipids (aCL, aB2GPI, LA). Analysis of the results was performed
using SPSS 20.0 software.
Results: The average age of our population was 26.52 years, ranging
from 13 to 42 years and the sex ratio was 0.56.
PS deficiency was found in 54% (n = 27) of the SS sickle cell disease,

14% (n = 7) AS sickle cell disease and 20% (n = 10) of healthy people.
The lupus anticoagulant was found in 32% (n = 16) of the SS and AS
SCD and 10% (n = 5) of control group.
The presence of anti-b2GPI was also found in 36% (n = 18) SS sickle
cell, 6% (n = 3) of AS and 2% (n = 1) of healthy people.
These hematological risk factors were found significantly associated
with the presence of HbS unlike the ABO blood group.
These hematological risk factors were found significantly associated
with the presence of HbS unlike the ABO blood group.
Conclusion: The prevalence of PS and PC deficiency and the presence
of antiphospholipid antibodies in the patient can not explain all
thrombotic events found in homozygotes. However, the study shows a
significant association between the occurrence of stroke, acute chest
syndrome, of deep vein thrombosis of limb.
PO543-MON
Genetic variability of KNG1 and F11 genes using next
generation sequencing
Martin-Fernandez L1, Corrales I2, Ramrez L2, Martinez-Perez A1,
Brunel H1, Souto JC3, Vidal F2 and Soria JM1
1
Unit of Genomics of Complex Diseases, Research Institute of
Biomedicine (IIB-Sant Pau); 2Unit of Molecular Diagnosis and
Therapy, Blood and Tissue Bank; 3Unit of Hemostasis and
Thrombosis, Department of Hematology, IIB-Sant Pau, Hospital
de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a complex disease
with a high heritability. However, only a portion of the genetic component is accounted for by genetic risk factors. From the GWAS of factor XI (FXI) performed in the GAIT-1 (Genetic Analysis of
Idiopathic Thrombophilia) project significant associations were identified at KNG1 and F11 loci.
Aims: We performed Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) of the
KNG1 and F11 genes to identify genetic variants that might be
involved in the risk of thrombosis.
Methods: We studied 40 unrelated individuals from the GAIT-2 project, which consisted of 935 individuals in 35 extended families selected
through a proband with idiopathic thrombophilia. We amplified
60,052 bp encompassing the KNG1 and F11 loci. Sequencing libraries
were prepared using the Nextera XT DNA Sample Preparation kit
(Illumina, USA) which ran on an Illumina MiSeq system. Bioinformatic softwares were used to analyse the sequencing data. Variants
were compared to the variants that were genotyped in the GWAS of
the GAIT-2 project (HumanOmniExpressExome-8v1.2 with 964,193
variants) and filtered to identify functional mutations.
Results: Using a median coverage of 205x, 98.5% of KNG1 and F11
were sequenced. A total of 1180 variants were detected and 60.2% of
them were new (not included in the GAIT-2 GWAS panel). There were
8 target variations selected for in-silico predictions (1 missense, 1
30 UTR, 2 intronic and 4 upstream variants).
Conclusion: We observed that most of the variants were not included
in the GWAS panel. Therefore, it is clear that GWAS is limited as
compared to NGS which is a method that might help to fill up the gap
of the missing heritability. These variants probably play a role in
thrombotic risk. In the future, we will genotype all of the variants that
we found in the entire GAIT-2 sample in hopes of identifying their
contribution to the plasma FXI levels and the risk of thrombotic disease.
Spanish Grants: RD12/0042/0032, RD12/0042/0053, FIS PI11/00184,
PI12/00612 and PFIS FI12/00322.
ABSTRACTS
PO544-MON
Laboratory markers of thrombophilia
Neceva V and Violeta D
Department of Hemostasis and thrombosis, Institute Of
Transfusion Medicine, Skopje, Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav
Republic of
Background: Thrombophilia means increased tendency to develop
venous or arterial thrombosis.This condition may be inherited or
acquired.In inherited, thrombotic complications are usually in the
venous circulation. Inherited thrombophilic defects include ATIII,PC
and PS deficiencies,activated PC resistance (APCR), factor V Leiden
(fVL),prothrombin (II G20210A) variant etc.
Aims: In vitro detect a hypercoagulability by specific laboratory methods.
Methods: One-hundred patients with a history of DVT,PE and AIM.
Biological activity of ATIII,PC,PS with Simens BERICHROM ATIII
and PC,PS Ac kits and resistance to activated PC (ProC Ac R) were
measured on BCS-XP. According to reference values ATIII,PC and
PS activity<60% were regarded as deficiency. A ratio of activated
PC<2.1 indicated APCR. fVL and II G20210A polymorphism were
detected with PCR specific polymorphism detection kits (Biosystems)
on a ABI Prism 7000 equipment.
Results: Twenty-nine patients from 100 had APCR (1.64 0.22
vs.2.24 0.51).15 patients from all had decreased level of PC
(40.13%18.36vs.101.47%39.91) and 19 patients had decreased level
of PS(43.11%12.93vs.89.6%39.68).All examined had normal ATIII(96.82%16.96).15 patients were heterozygotes and one was homozygote for f.VL. 9 patient were heterozygotes for II G20210A.One
patient with AIM was heterozygote for fVL and II, and one patient
with Phlebothrombosis was homozygote for fVL and heterozygote for
II. This patients were APCR(1.51 0.44). 14 patients with heterozygote fVL were at same time APCR (1.68 0.16).
Conclusion: Recognition of thrombophilic defects (decreased ATIII,
PC,PS, APCR) has changed the diagnostic and therapeutic approach
to patients and has had an important influence on laboratory screening
of family members. Inherited thrombophilia (fVL and II G20210A
polymorphism) is genetically determined high predisposition to
develop thromboembolic complications.The availability of new lab
tests for thrombophilia has opened a new era for its diagnostic, prevention and prophylaxis.
PO545-MON
Evaluation of protein s specific activity permits
accurate diagnosis of protein s tokushima, a missense
mutation with type II protein s deficiency
Tsuda H1,2, Noguchi K1, Nakazono E2, Tsuda T3 and Jin X3
1
Graduate School of Health and Nutrition Sciences; 2Department
of Nutrition Sciences, Nakamura Gakuen University, FUKUOKA;
3
Research & Development, Shino-Test Corporation, Sagamihara,
Japan
Background: Protein S (PS) Tokushima, p.Lys196Glu (rs121918474),
is a genetic risk factor for venous thromboembolism in a Japanese
population with the frequency of heterozygotes about 2%. Its phenotype of type II deficiency makes it difficult to screen PS Tokushima by
using conventional plasma PS assays. We have developed a new total
PS-assay system (Tsuda, T et al., Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis. 56, 2012)
to determine the specific activity of plasma PS.
Aims: We investigated whether the evaluation of PS specific activity is
sensitive enough to identify the carrier of PS Tokushima mutation.
Methods: Young Japanese healthy women (n = 143, 20.5 0.4 years
old) were recruited. The activity and protein levels of total PS in
plasma were measured using the total PS-assay system, and then the
459
specific activity (activity/protein levels) was calculated. PS Tokushima

was determined either by PCR-RFLP analysis or real-time PCR using
cycling-probe (Takara-Bio). The study was approved by the ethics
committee of Nakamura Gakuen University and the all participants
gave informed consent.
Results: Four subjects (2.8%) were found to be heterozygous carriers
of PS Tokushima mutation. The PS specific activity levels of heterozygotes (n = 4, meanSD 0.69 0.04, minimum-maximum range
0.660.74) were significantly lower than wild-type (n = 139, 0.99
0.07, 0.781.17, P < 0.0001), permitting a definitive diagnosis of PS
Tokushima. Although the total PS activity levels of heterozygotes
(16.6 1.5, 15.718.8 lg mL1 PS equivalent) were significantly
lower than wild-type (23.5 3.6, 16.433.3 lg mL1 PS equivalent,
P = 0.001), the data distributions of two groups overlapped one
another. No difference in total PS protein levels was found between
two groups (heterozygotes 24.2 2.7 lg mL1, wild-type 23.8
2.7 lg mL1, P = 0.775).
Conclusion: The heterozygous carriers of PS Tokushima mutation are
certainly identified by assessment of PS specific activity even in the
case of young women, whose plasma PS levels are decreased compared
with men and post-menopausal women.
Disclosure of Interest: H. Tsuda: None Declared, K. Noguchi: None
Declared, E. Nakazono: None Declared, T. Tsuda Employee of: Shino-Test Corporation, X. Jin Employee of: Shino-Test Corporation.
PO546-MON
Hypoxia induces a prothrombotic state independently
of the physical activity
Ninivaggi M1,2, de Laat M1, Lanc
e M3, Kicken C1,3, Peters T1,2,
1,2
4
Bloemen S , Dirks M , van Loon L4, Govers-Riemslag J2,
Krishnamoorthy G1, Lindhout T1, Konings J1,2 and de Laat B1,2
1
Synapse bv; 2Department of Biochemistry, CARIM, Maastricht
University Medical Center; 3Department of Anaesthesiology,
CARIM, Maastricht University Medical Center; 4NUTRIM School
of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism,
Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
Background: Studies investigating the role of hypoxia on coagulation,
by either going to high altitude or after a long-haul flight, reveal contrasting results. However, mostly a prothrombotic phenotype is found.
Aims: We attempted to get a better comprehension of this mechanism
by going into the Swiss Alps, thereby including the potential contributing role of physical activity.
Methods: Two groups of 15 healthy individuals were formed that suffered from hypoxia due to an increase in altitude up to 3900 m. Group
A ascended actively by climbing and group B was transported passively. Heart rate, oxygen saturation levels, blood pressure, factor (F)
VIII and Von Willebrand Factor (VWF) levels as well as thrombin
generating (TG) capacity in plasma and whole blood (WB-TG) were
measured. As a control for the passive group, 7 healthy donors stayed
immobile in bed for 7 days at normoxic condition.
Results: Heart rate increased and oxygen saturation levels decreased
with increasing altitudes, but blood pressure was not affected. FVIII
and VWF levels increased significantly only in the active group. In
contrast to the passive group, plasma TG of the active group
increased, which could be explained by elevated VWF/FVIII levels.
WB-TG revealed that hypoxia was associated with a faster and higher
TG in both groups. This would indicate that the cellular portion of the
blood is at least partially responsible for the association between
hypoxia and venous thrombosis. Blood samples collected at 3900 m,
but measured at 3900 m and 1000 m, showed aberrant results. Therefore, processing and measurements of the samples should occur at the
same altitude as the blood drawing. Immobility for 7 days in bed did
not affect coagulation parameters.
Conclusion: By applying WB-TG we demonstrated that hypoxia causes
a prothrombotic state. The results between plasma and WB-TG differ,
460
ABSTRACTS
suggesting that the cellular part of the blood is involved in the prothrombotic phenotype, independent of the physical activity.
PO547-MON
The possible role of c.1824c>t prothrombin gene
variant in pathogenesis of thrombophilia
Djordjevic V1, Pruner I1, Gvozdenov M1, Tomic B1, Kovac M2,3,
Miljic P2,4 and Radojkovic D1
1
Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering,
University of Belgrade; 2Faculty of Medicine, University of
Belgrade; 3Blood Transfusion Institute of Serbia, Hemostasis
Department; 4Clinic of Hematology, Clinical Centre of Serbia,
Belgrade, Serbia
Background: Prothrombin (FII) is a precursor of thrombin, which represents one of the key haemostatic enzymes. Elevated level of prothrombin leads to hypercoagulation and thrombosis. The 3end of the
prothrombin gene has noncanonical architecture that is sensitive to
gain-of-function mutations, leading to increased prothrombin expression and elevated risk for thrombophilia. The novel FII c.1824C>T
gene variant is located in the last exon of the prothrombin gene and it
has not been associated with thrombophilia, so far.
Aims: In order to examine the possible role of FII c.1824C>T variant
in pathogenesis of thrombophilia we performed case-control study
and determined the plasma prothrombin level in carriers of this gene
variant.
Methods: Our study was carried out in a group of 443 patients with
thrombotic events (38 13.84y; 223 m/220f) and 191 healthy subjects
(38 10.31y; 85 m/106f). The FII c.1824C>T gene variant was
detected by polymerase chain reaction, followed by digestion with specific restriction enzyme or by direct DNA sequencing. The plasma level
of prothrombin was detected by Western blot analysis using method
of relative quantification.
Results: We observed higher frequency of heterozygous carriers of FII
c.1824C>T gene variant in the patient group compared to the controls
(3.39% vs. 0.52%, P = 0.049). Homozygous carriers were not
detected. According to our results, presence of this variant leads to the
increase of prothrombin level in the plasma of heterozygous carries.
Compared to the standard plasma (reference value 100) the amount of
prothrombin in the carriers plasma was 143.65 28.8 (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: Our results indicate that FII c.1824C>T gene variant may
be a potentially important thrombophilia marker.
PO548-MON
Pathogenetic prophylaxis pre-eclampsia in patients
with thrombophilia and the history of pre-eclampsia
Makatsaria A1, Bitsadze VO2 and Zhuravleva EV3
1
MD, PhD Professor, Correspondent Member of the Russian
Academy of Medical Sciences Head of the Chair of Obstetrics
and Gynecology of Medical Prophylaxis Faculty. Vice-president
of Russian Association of Obstetrics and Gynecology; 2MD, PhD
Professor of the Chair of Obstetrics and Gynecology of
I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University; 3graduate
of the Chair of Obstetrics and Gynecology of I.M.Sechenov First
Moscow State Medical University, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow
State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Background: In this article we are talking about the effectiveness of antithrombotic prevention of recurrent preeclampsia in women with
thrombophilia.
Aims: Evaluation of pathogenetic prophylaxis of reccurent pre-eclampsia

in patients with thrombophilia and pre-eclampsia in anamnesis.
Methods: I group: 45 (52.9%) patients with PE in anamnesis prophylaxis treatment was initiated since the fertile cycle and during pregnancy.
II group: 40 (47.1%) patients with PE in anamnesis prophylaxis treatment was initiated during pregnancy (from 6 to 13 weeks of gestation).
Control group 70 women with noncomplicated pregnancy.
Results: IUGR was in 9 patients 3 patients -I group and 6 II group.
PE moderate and severe was prevented, mild PE occurred in 3 patients
of the II group; in the I group and control was no cases. Preterm caesarean section was not in the I group and control group; in the II
group in 2 (5%) cases.
Preventive therapy include: LMWH (Enoxaparin 2060 mg), antioxidants, vitamin B, folic acid, aspirin (except the I trimester and lactation). Patients with APA received natural progesterone. LMWH was
discontinued 24 h prior cesarean section and resumed after 68 h after
birth.
In all cases was performed caesarian section by obstetrician reasons, in
control group in 17 (24.3%) cases.
Alive and healthy children were born in all of women with history PE
(100%).
Conclusion: Patients with PE in anamnesis should be investigated for
thrombophilia. Patients with thrombophilia require an early start of
pathogenetic prophylaxis therapy. Preventive treatment with LMWH
is highly effective for the prophylaxis of recurrent pre-eclampsia.
PO549-MON
The clinical and laboratory analysis of homozygous
carriers factor V leiden mutation
Ceglarek B1, Bykowska K2, Sikorska A1, AdamczykWojciechowska P2, Marchewka M2, Wiszniewski A3 and
Windyga J1
1
2
3
Department of Vascular Surgery, Institute Of Hematology And
Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
Background: Factor V Leiden (FVL) is inherited mutation associated
with an increased risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE).
Aims: Retrospective clinical and laboratory characterization of homozygous FVL carriers diagnosed and treated in the period 19952014.
Methods: 2495 heterozygous carriers of FVL mutations and 96 homozygous cases were admitted for diagnosis. In 5/96 homozygous
patients, FVL occurred together with heterozygous G20210A mutation of prothrombin gene. We analized 67 homozygous FVL mutation
patients (41F; 26M, age 1864).
DNA was isolated using GeneMatrix kit (Eurx, Poland). The FVL
mutation was identified by PCR/RFLP using restriction enzyme Mnl1
(Eurx, Poland). Prothrombin G20210A mutation was determined
using Hind III restriction enzyme (Eurx, Poland).
Results: 1. Homozygous FVL was detected in 41 female (61.2%) and
26 male (38.8%) patients. Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) was
observed in 60/67 patients.
2. Mean age of female and male patients was similar (30.5 vs.30.7 yrs)
at the moment of the first DVT episode.
3. Proximal and distal DVT was more often observed in female than
male patients.
4. 24 episodes of DVT occured in 8/60 pts (13.3%) more often in
female patients.
5. All the patients had several thrombotic risk factors: 6. Mean age of
female asymptomatic FVL patients was higher (41.0 yrs) than male
patients (29.3 yrs) and the dominant thrombotic risk factors were
familiar DVT.
ABSTRACTS
7. Treatment: low molecular weight heparin followed by anticoagulant
vitamin K.
Conclusion: In carriers of homozygous FVL mutation additional pathophysiological, environmental and genetic thrombotic risk factors are
necessary for venous thromboembolism to occur.
PO550-MON
Molecular characterization of new antithrombin
mutations
1, Ol
Bereczky Z1, Gindele R1, Speker M1, Udvari A
ah Z2,
2
2
3

ardos H , Kom
aromi I1,
Selmeczi A , Schlammadinger A , B
1
1
Haramura G and Muszbek L
1
Division of Clinical Laboratory Science, Department of
Laboratory Medicine, University of Debrecen, Faculty of
Medicine; 2Thrombosis and Haemostasis center, University of
Debrecen, Clinical Center; 3Department of Preventive Medicine,
University of Debrecen, Faculty of Public Health, Debrecen,
Hungary
Background: Antithrombin (AT) deficiency is classified as type I
(quantitative) and type II (qualitative) deficiency. More than 230
mutations have been described in the gene encoding AT, so far.
Aims: To describe the mutation spectrum of AT deficiency in Hungary
and to characterize novel mutations at molecular level.
Methods: Non-related AT deficient individuals (n = 82) were genotyped for causative mutations within AT gene (SERPINC1) and novel
mutations (n = 6) were selected. Wild type and mutant plasmids were
transfected to HEK293 cells and the expressed AT were investigated
by ELISA and Western blotting (WB). Quantitative determination of
mRNA was executed by qPCR. Intracellular localization of AT was
examined by immunofluorescent staining detected by confocal laser
scanning microscopy. Structural alterations were investigated by
molecular modeling.
Results: The following mutations were found: p.Leu205Pro,
p.Asn450Ile, p.Gly456delins_Ala-Thr, p.Pro461Thr, p.Leu270ArgfsX13 and dupc.315334. The 205Pro AT was detected intracellularly
in the same level as wild type, however a tiny amount of mutant AT
was secreted into the medium. This mutant showed strong co-localization with the 26S proteasome. In silico experiments suggested major
structural alteration. The levels of Ile450, 456Ala-Thr and 270ArgfsX13 AT mutants were strongly reduced in the cell lysates and no
AT was detected in the cell media. The 461Thr mutant was detected in
normal amount both in the cells and in the media. mRNA level was
decreased in the case of 456delinsAla-Thr and 270ArgfsX13 and it was
normal for 450Ile.
Conclusion: The p.Leu205Pro mutation leads to impaired folding and
secretion defect; the mutant AT retains in the 26S proteasome and suffers intracellular degradation. Defective mRNA synthesis or degradation leads to AT deficiency in case of the delins and frameshift
mutations. Altered protein synthesis or rapid protein degradation for
450Ile AT and a functional defect for 461Thr AT are suggested.
PO551-MON
A reason to include homocysteine in the
hypercoagulable workup
Varma M
Background: Hyperhomocysteinemia has been linked with thrombosis
but it is unclear as whether it is causative or is an epiphenomenon.
461
Checking homocysteine as part of a hypercoagulable workup is not

recommended. Hyperhomocysteinemia is also a manifestation of vitamin B12 deficiency, which has been associated with thrombosis in
case-control studies. Evaluation for hyperhomocysteinemia in patients
with thrombosis could lead to the diagnosis of vitamin B12 deficiency.
Aims: To determine the detection rate of vitamin B12 deficiency in
patients with thrombosis screened for hyperhomocysteinemia.
Methods: Institutional Review Board approval was obtained. The
charts of all patients with a history of thrombosis referred to a hematology practice for a thrombophilia evaluation between 01/01/14 and
12/31/14 were reviewed. Homocysteine levels (usually fasting) had
been checked in all patients, and in those patients with hyperhomocysteinemia, methylmalonic acid levels had been checked.
Results: Forty-seven patients met criteria for enrollment in this study.
Twenty-six patients had hyperhomocysteinemia: mean homocysteine level 22.09 lmol L1, range 16.132.3 lmol L1 (normal range 5
15 lmol L1), and 20 of these patients were evaluated further for
methylmalonic acidemia. Methylmalonic acid levels were elevated in 2
patients at 610 and 640 nmol L1 (normal range 87318 nmol L1);
fasting homocysteine levels in these patients were 23 and
20.5 lmol L1, respectively. Both patients were started on vitamin
B12 1000 lg PO daily.
Conclusion: The detection rate of vitamin B12 deficiency in this cohort
was 4.2%. The two patients identified were started on high-dose vitamin B12 supplementation. While it is unclear if high-dose vitamin
B12 therapy prevents recurrent thrombosis, it would prevent progressive vitamin B12 deficiency. Further studies should examine the relationship between vitamin B12 deficiency and thrombosis.
Disclosure of Interest: Bone declared.
Tissue factor Factor VII I

PO552-MON
Pathological determinants of human coronary
thrombus formation: distinct procoagulant activity and
lactate production of M1/M2 polarized macrophages
Matsuda S1, Yamashita A2, Moriguchi-Goto S3, Sameshima N2,
Iwakiri T4, Matsuura Y4, Sato Y3 and Asada Y2
1
Community and Family Medicine; 2Pathology; 3Diagnostic
Pathology; 4Internal medicine, Miyazaki University, Miyazaki,
Japan
Background: Large thrombus formation on disrupted atherosclerotic
plaque is a critical event that leads to the onset of acute myocardial
infarction (AMI). We recently reported that arterial glucose metabolism might reflect vascular thrombogenicity.
Aims: This study aimed to determine vascular factors involved in
thrombus formation that leads to AMI onset, and procoagulant activity and glycolysis in M1/M2 polarized macrophages.
Methods: This study was approved by the institution ethics committee.
We histologically and immunohistochemically analyzed culprit lesions
in 40 coronary arteries with thrombi at autopsy after lethal AMI and
non-cardiac death (asymptomatic plaque disruption). Tumor necrosis
factor-a and interferon-c polarized cultured THP-1 macrophages to
the M1 phenotype or interleukin-4 and 13 polarized them to the M2
phenotype.
Results: Thrombus size and the ratios of thrombi to luminal areas were
significantly larger in coronary arteries with AMI than with asymptomatic thrombus. Areas that were immunopositive for tissue factor
(TF) and cells that were positive for hexokinase (HK)-II and glucose
transporter-1 were abundant in plaques of AMI. The size of coronary
thrombus positively correlated with the length of plaque disruption
(r = 0.80) and with areas that were immunopositive for TF (r = 0.38)
and HK-II (r = 0.40). Both M1 and M2 macrophages expressed TF
and HK-II in symptomatic plaques. The expression of TF and proco-
462
ABSTRACTS
agulant activity were increased and that of HK-II and lactate production were decreased in M2-, compared with M1-polarized macrophages. Inhibiting glycolysis enhanced TF expression and activity in the
macrophages.
Conclusion: The degree of plaque disruption and expression of TF and
HK-II appear to be important vascular factors for AMI onset. Our
results suggest a link of glucose metabolism to procoagulant activity in
the polarized macrophages and distinct contribution to thrombogenicity and glucose metabolism.
PO553-MON
Single phosphorylation of the cytoplasmic domain of
tissue factor at serine 253 is sufficient for the binding
of tissue factor to filamin-A
Collier MEW1, Goult B2, Maraveyas A3, Ettelaie C4 and
Goodall AH1
1
Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester,
Leicester; 2School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury;
3
Division of Cancer, Hull York Medical School; 4School of
Biological, Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, University of
Hull, Hull, UK
Background: The cytoplasmic domain of tissue factor (TF) contains
two serine residues (253 and 258) which are phosphorylated. Previously it was reported that double-phosphorylation of TF enhances its
interaction with the C-terminus repeats 2224 of the cytoskeletal protein filamin-A. However, the contributions of individual serine phosphorylation on this interaction have never been examined.
Aims: To determine the contributions of serine 253 and 258 phosphorylation on the interaction of TF with filamin-A.
Methods: Biotinylated 19-mer peptides corresponding to the C-terminus of TF, synthesised in non-phosphorylated, single-phosphorylated
and double-phosphorylated forms were incubated in 96-well plates
pre-coated with recombinant filamin-A (repeats 2224) or BSA.
Bound peptides were detected using streptavidin-HRP and dissociation constants (Kd) calculated.
Results: The serine 253-phosphorylated TF peptide and the doublephosphorylated TF peptide exhibited the highest binding affinities for
recombinant filamin-A, while the 258-phosphorylated peptide had the
lowest binding affinity. Unlabelled 253-phosphopeptide was able to
compete out binding of the biotinylated 258-phosphopeptide by up to
60%, but had no significant influence on the binding of the doublephosphorylated peptide. Furthermore, a polyclonal anti-filamin-A
antibody competed out binding of the phospho-serine 253 TF peptide
to repeats 2224 of filamin-A.
Conclusion: Phosphorylation at serine 253 alone is sufficient for high
affinity binding of TF to filamin-A, and remains unaltered by additional phosphorylation of serine 258. This data demonstrates that the
phosphorylation of serine 253 results in the formation of a filamin-A
docking site within the cytoplasmic domain of TF. Individual phosphorylation of TF at serine residues 253 and 258 therefore acts as a
molecular switch, enhancing and reducing the interaction between TF
and filamin-A depending on the phosphorylation state of TF.
PO554-MON
The interplay between tissue factor and alternatively
spliced tissue factor and its effect on thrombosis and
hemostasis
Unlu B and Versteeg H
Thrombosis & Hemostasis, Lumc, Leiden, The Netherlands
Background: Plasma analysis of thrombotic patients shows elevated
concentrations of tissue factor-positive microparticles (TF+ MP).
These MPs are small vesicles, shed via blebbing of the cell membrane.
The presence of tissue factor (TF), the initiator of coagulation, on
these MPs causes a procoagulant state, and therefore an increased risk
for thrombosis. An alternatively spliced isoform of TF (asTF),
expressed in CD14+ macrophages and several organs like heart, lung
and pancreas, is not membrane-bound but soluble.
Aims: The interplay between TF and asTF has not been studied, nor
the effects of asTF on thrombosis and hemostasis. Therefore we
intended to investigate the effects of asTF on shedding of TF+ MPs
from endothelial cells and on its coagulant activity.
Methods: Endothelial cells were adenovirally transduced to express TF
with and without asTF. After a 3 h culture period in serum free media,
MPs were collected via centrifugation at 20000 g for 1 h. TF activity
was measured on both cells and MPs using a FXa chromogenic substrate assay.
Results: The presence of asTF induced a 2-fold reduction in TF activity. Increasing FVIIa concentrations did not result in elevated FXa
conversion ruling out that asTF sequesters FVIIa. Rather, western
blot analysis showed that TF antigen levels went down by two-fold
after co-expression of asTF. We observed less TF expression on nonraft membrane fractions of the cell, whereas lipid raft fractions
exposed comparable TF antigen in the presence and absence of asTF.
Inhibiting protein degradation with the proteasome inhibitor MG132
resulted in increased asTF levels, but did not result in restored TF protein expression.
Conclusion: These data indicate that TF/asTF co-expression decreases
coagulant activity of TF both on cells and TF+ MPs. This is due to
decreased TF antigen levels on the cell surface independent of proteasome-dependent TF degradation.
PO555-MON
K63-linked polyubiquitination of lysine 255 within tf
promotes selective TF-dephosphorylation, triggers TFendocytosis and terminates TF activity
Ettelaie C1, Maraveyas A2 and Collier ME3
1
Universtity of Hull; 2Division of Cancer, Hull York Medical
School, Hull; 3Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University
of Leicester, Leicester, UK
Background: Restriction of cell surface activity and release of tissue
factor (TF) is critical for prevention of excessive coagulation. We previously showed that the de-phosphorylation of serine 253 occurs by
the action of phosphatase PP2A and leads to the termination of the
release of TF within microvesicles.
Aims: To examine the role of TF ubiquitination in the regulation of
TF phosphorylation, release and activity.
Methods: The plasmid for the expression of the wild type TF-tGFP
was mutated to contain arginine-substitution of lysine 255 (TFR255).
Wild type and mutant plasmids were transfected into MDA-MB-231
cell line and HCAEC primary endothelial cells which were then permitted to express the protein. TF was immunoprecipitated from
PAR2-AP and FVIIa activated cells, using tGFP and control IgG
magnetic beads and analysed by western blot. Analysis was carried out
ABSTRACTS
to detect tGFP, TF, polyubiquitin, TF-phosphoserine-258 and TFphosphoserine-253 (phosphorylated PKC substrate). In addition microvesicles were isolated from the cells and the level of TF-tGFP release
assessed. Finally, cellular localisation of TF was analysed by confocal
microscopy.
Results: Analysis of the wild type and mutant TF-tGFP showed similar levels of tGFP, TF and phosphorylation at serine 258. However,
the mutant form of TF (TFR255) lacked any ubiquitination and
remained phosphorylated at serine 253 at a time-point when the wildtype TF was de-phosphorylated. In agreement with our other data,
arginine-substitution of residue 255 resulted in extending the release of
TF-tGFP as microvesicles and also prolonged the surface exposure of
the protein.
Conclusion: Polyubiquitination of lysine 255 occurs to contain the
activity and release of TF, likely by forming a platform for phosphatases to bind and de-phosphorylate serine 253 and terminating TF
release. Additionally, the K63-polyubiquitination acts to form a site
for interaction with proteins which mediate endocytosis.
PO556-MON
Characterisation of TF ubiquitination: involvement of
MDM2 and the UBE2D family of E2 enzymes
Ettelaie C1, Collier ME2, Featherby S1 and Maraveyas A3
1
Universtity of Hull, Hull; 2Department of Cardiovascular
Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester; 3Division of Cancer,
Hull York Medical School, Hull, UK
Background: Ubiquitination of membrane receptors induces endocytosis, degradation, or alternatively change in signalling function of the
receptor proteins. Characterisation of the ubiquitin-linkage gives clues
to these outcomes, while identification of the ubiquitination enzymes
gives clues to the underlying cellular mechanisms.
Aims: To characterise the type of ubiquitin-linkage formed and to
identify the enzymes responsible for the ubiquitination of TF.
Methods: TF was immunoprecipitated from MDA-MB-231 or
HCAEC primary endothelial cell lysate and analysed by western blot
using antibodies discriminating against K48-linked, K63-linked ubiquitin and a non-discriminating antibody. TF was then subjected to
digestion with nine de-ubiquitination enzymes (DUB). In addition,
combinations of E1 and E2 enzymes were used with fraction S100 or
recombinant Mdm2 protein to identify enzymes capable of ubiquitinating TF. The assay was performed using biotinylated 19-mer peptides of the C-terminus of TF (TFc), synthesised in nonphosphorylated, single-phosphorylated and double-phosphorylated
forms as substrates. The peptides were then captured and ubiquitination determined using an HRP-conjugated anti-ubiquitin antibody.
Results: Immunoprecipitated cellular TF was detected by the K63polyubiquitin and non-discriminating ubiquitin antibody but not by
K48-polyubiquitin. In addition, only digestions with K63-specific
DUBs (AMSH, Trabid and USP2) were capable of releasing ubiquitin.
Of the six E2 enzymes, only members of the Ube2d family were able to
ubiquitinate the TFc peptide. Moreover, significant ubiquitination was
only observed when using double-phosphorylated TFc peptide.
Finally, Mdm2 was identified as a potential E3 enzyme.
Conclusion: We have characterised the ubiquitination pattern of TF
which appears to involve K63-linked ubiquitin. This reaction involves
the participation of the Ube2d-family of E2 ubiquitin ligases and
involves Mdm2 and requires double-phosphorylation of TF.
463
PO557-MON
High level of tissue factor induces cell apoptosis in
endothelial cells, mediated through activation of P38
and P53
ElKeeb AM1, Collier ME2, Maraveyas A3 and Ettelaie C1
1
Background: The ability of TF to initiate endothelial cell proliferation
is well known. In contrast, at high concentrations of TF, this is accompanied with the arrest of the progression through the cell cycle, leading
to apoptosis.
Aims: In this study, TF-mediated mechanisms of induction of apoptosis were explored.
Methods: Endothelial cells were transfected to express wild-type TF.
Additionally, cells were transfected to express Ala253-substituted TF
to prevent TF release. Alternatively, cells were pre-incubated with TFrich and TF-poor microvesicles or microvesicles derived from patients
with cardiovascular complications or normal individuals. Cell apoptosis and the expression of p53 and Bax were measured following activation of cells with PAR2-agonist peptide.
Results: Greatest levels of cellular apoptosis was observed in cells
expressing Ala253-substituted TF, or cells pre-incubated with TF-rich
or patient microvesicles. The level of p53 protein, p53-phosphorylation
at ser33, p53 nuclear localisation and transcriptional activity, but not
p53 mRNA, were increased in cells expressing wild-type and Ala253substituted TF, or in cells pre-incubated with TF-rich or patient microvesicles. However, the expression of Bax protein was only increased
in cells pre-incubated with TF-rich or patient microvesicles, and in
cells expressing Ala253-substituted TF. Inhibition of the transcriptional activity of p53 using pifithrin-a suppressed the expression of
Bax. Finally, siRNA-mediated suppression of p38a, or inhibition
using SB202190 significantly reduced p53 protein levels, p53 nuclear
localisation and transcriptional activity, suppressed Bax expression
and prevented cellular apoptosis.
Conclusion: In conclusion, accumulation of TF within endothelial
cells, or sequestered from their surroundings can induce cellular apoptosis through mechanisms mediated by p38, and involves the stabilisation of p53.
PO558-MON
The potential of cancer cell lines to release tissue
factor-containing microvesicles correlates with tissue
factor and PAR2 mRNA levels but not tissue factor
protein or surface activity
Ettelaie C1, Collier ME2, Featherby S1, Greenman J1 and
Maraveyas A3
1
Background: Cells may release microvesicles upon activation and
depending on the stimuli, these microvesicles may harbour TF. The
exposure of cancer cells to proteases may activate PAR2 and prompt
dormant TF-bearing tumour cells to release large quantities of TFbearing microvesicles.
Aims: In this in vitro study, we have examined the potential of cells to
release TF as microvesicles in different cells lines and assessed the correlation to TF and PAR2 expression.
464
ABSTRACTS
Methods: Microvesicle release was induced by PAR2 activation in seventeen cancer cell lines and the microvesicles were isolated. Microvesicle-associated TF activity was then measured. Furthermore, TF
mRNA expression, cellular TF protein and cell-surface TF activities
were quantified in all cell lines. Finally, the relative expression of
PAR2 mRNA and cellular protein were analysed. Any correlations
between these parameters were examined by determining the Pearsons
correlation coefficients.
Results: TF release as microvesicles peaked between 3060 min postactivation in the majority of cell lines tested. The magnitude of the
maximal TF release positively correlated with TF mRNA (c = 0.717;
P < 0.001) and PAR2 mRNA (c = 0.770; P < 0.001) expressions while
the percentage increase correlated with PAR2 mRNA (c = 0.601;
P = 0.011) and protein (c = 0.714; P < 0.001). In contrast, TF release
in resting cells did not significantly correlate with any of the parameters examined.
Conclusion: In conclusion, this study suggests that while PAR2 may
maintain the level of TF expression, the ability of cells to release TF as
cell-derived microvesicles may be upregulated rapidly and significantly
following the activation of PAR2. Moreover, quantification of the levels of TF and PAR2 mRNA and possibly PAR2 protein, may prove to
be a means of determining the potential of cancer cells to release TFcontaining microvesicles and constitute a more accurate predictor of
risk of thrombosis in vivo.
PO559-MON
Tissue factor is induced by interleukin-33 in human
endothelial cells: a new link between coagulation and
inflammation
Stojkovic S1,2, Kaun C1, Basilio J3, Rauscher S4, Hell L5,
Krychtiuk K1, Holnthoner W6, Neumayer C7, Ay C5, Eppel W8,
Huk I7, De Martin R3, Huber K9, Demyanets S10 and Wojta J1,2,4
1
Vienna; 2Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster for Cardiovascular Research;
3
Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research;
4
Core Facilities; 5Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical
University of Vienna; 6Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of
Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Center;
7
Department of Vascular Surgery; 8Department of Obestrics,
Medical University Of Vienna; 93rd Medical Department for
Cardiology and Emergency Medicine, Wilhelminen Hospital;
10
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University Of
Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Background: Tissue factor (TF) is the primary trigger of coagulation.
Elevated levels of TF are found in atherosclerotic plaques, and TF
leads to thrombus formation, when released upon plaque rupture.
Interleukin (IL)-33 induces angiogenesis and inflammatory activation
of endothelial cells.
Aims: Here we investigated the impact of IL-33 on TF in human endothelial cells, as a new possible link between inflammation and coagulation.
Methods: Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and
human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC) were treated with
IL-33 alone, or together with ST2 receptor antibody (ST2AB), or IL-1
receptor antibody (IL1RA), or infected with an adenovirus overexpressing IkBa (AdV-IkBa). Effects of IL-33 on TF expression and
activity were measured by RT-PCR, ELISA, FXa generation and flow
cytometry. Rotational thromboelastometry was used to determine the
effect of IL-33 activated EC on clotting time of whole blood and
plasma from healthy volunteers. Human carotid atherosclerotic plaques were stained for IL-33 and TF using fluorescence immunohistochemistry. Total RNA was isolated from same plaques.
Results: IL-33 significantly induced TF mRNA and protein expression

in HUVEC and HCAEC. IL-33 also increased cell surface TF protein
expression and activity levels as well as TF activity in EC-derived microparticles. IL-33 activated EC reduced coagulation time of whole
blood and plasma. ST2AB and AdV-IkBa inhibited IL-33-induced TF
mRNA expression in HUVEC. IL-1RA had no effect on IL-33induced TF mRNA expression. In human carotid atherosclerotic plaques (n = 50), TF mRNA positively correlated with IL-33 mRNA
expression (r = 0.691, P < 0.001). IL-33 and TF protein were detected
in endothelial cells of atherosclerotic plaques and co-localized with
FXIIIa at the site of clot formation within microvessels in symptomatic plaques.
Conclusion: Via induction of TF in endothelial cells IL-33 could
enhance their thrombotic capacity and thereby might impact on
thrombus formation in the setting of atherosclerosis.
PO560-MON
Soluble tissue factor improves detection of thrombin
generation responses to wide range of factor VIIA
doses
Shibeko AM1, Rezaie AR2, Lee TK1 and Ovanesov MV1
1
Office of Blood Research and Review, US FDA, CBER, Silver
Spring; 2St Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, USA
Background: Coagulation Factor VIIa (FVIIa) is used for treatment of
bleeding in hemophilia patients with inhibitors. Clinical responses to
FVIIa may vary among patients, suggesting that laboratory-guided
dose-optimization may improve treatment outcome. Although Thrombin Generation Test (TGT) is widely used for clinical evaluations of
FVIIa, its utility remains controversial. For example, TGT response is
nearly unchanged for several hours after FVIIa administration, in
sharp contrast with both FVIIa pharmacokinetics and current recommendation to repeat dosing every 2 h.
Aims: We tested the hypothesis that engineered tissue factor (TF) variants with low FVIIa affinity can remove saturation of TGT responses,
extending assay sensitivity to a wide therapeutic range of FVIIa concentrations.
Methods: Soluble TF variants with reduced affinity to FVIIa were
compared with common commercial TF or procoagulant lipid (PL)
reagents for TGT analysis of hemophilia A and Factor VII-deficient
plasma spiked with two marketed recombinant FVIIa products or
GLA-domainless FVIIa. Mathematical model was used to predict
pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) ex vivo.
Results: In agreement with previous studies, flat dose responses were
observed in the pharmacological FVIIa range for any full length TF
reagent, and no responses below 40 lg kg1 dose were seen without
TF. In the presence of optimal soluble TF concentration, thrombin
generation was linearly proportional to FVIIa concentrations corresponding to 2400 lg kg1 doses. Simulated PK/PD experiments predicted assay ability to detect changes in TGT up to 15 h after single
270 lg kg1 administration.
Conclusion: Low binding TF-based TGT may offer improved assessment of FVIIa-induced thrombin generation potential ex vivo. Further
evaluation under clinical setting conditions is needed to establish the
utility for PK/PD evaluation of FVIIa therapies.
Disclosure of Interest: A. Shibeko: None Declared, A. Rezaie: None
Declared, T. Lee: None Declared, M. Ovanesov Employee of: This
paper is an informal communication and represents authors best judgment. These comments do not bind or obligate FDA.
ABSTRACTS
PO561-MON
Naturally occurring neisseria meningitidis with
mutated lipid a moiety is a weaker inducer of tissue
factor expression and activity in human monocytes and
monocyte-derived microvesicles than the wildtype
meningococci
Hellum M1,2, Troseid AMS2, Berg JP1,2, Brandtzaeg P1,2,
Ovstebo R2 and Henriksson C3
1
Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo; 2Dept of
Medical Biochemistry, Section for Research; 3Dept of Medical
Biochemistry, Section for Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Oslo
University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
Background: Tissue factor (TF) is the main initiator of coagulation.
During meningococcal infections, lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the
bacterial outer membrane may induce TF in monocytes and microvesicles (MVs). The LPS molecules of wildtype (wt) Neisseria meningitidis
(Nm) have a lipid A moiety with six fatty acyl chains. However, other
naturally occurring Nm-strains with only five fatty acyl chains in the
lipid A moiety (lpxL1 mutants) have been documented in patients with
meningococcal disease. These patients have less systemic inflammation, higher thrombocyte counts and less frequently rash than patients
infected with wt meningococci.
Aims: To explore how the Nm lpxL1 mutant affects TF-expression and
TF-activity of primary human monocytes and monocyte-derived MVs.
Methods: Monocytes from three donors were grown heat-inactivated wt or lpxL1 meningococci (104 mL1). Cells were pelleted
(300 g, 10 min) and subjected to RNA-, flow- and calibrated automated thrombogram (CAT) analysis. MVs were isolated from the cellsupernatant (17.000 g, 30 min), and analyzed with CAT.
Results: RNA (2 h): TF RNA was upregulated 730 fold (wt) and 14
fold (lpxL1), both compared with unstimulated samples.
FLOW (4 h): Percentage TF-positive monocytes were 4649% (wt),
1427% (lpxL1) and 1017% (unstimulated).
CAT (4 h): Cells incubated with wt induced prominent thrombin generation (lagtime (LT) 3.54.0 min, velocity index (VI) 4.9
6.8 nM min1) compared with cells incubated with the lpxL1 mutant
(LT: 6.27.2 min, VI: 1.11.7 nM min1) and unstimulated cells (LT:
7.310.9 min, VI: 0.21.1 nM min1). The trend was similar for MVs:
wt (LT: 2.73.3 min, VI: 14.422.3 nM min1), lpxL1 (LT: 8.3
10.5 min, VI: index 0.71.3 nM min1) and unstimulated (LT: 8.7
22.3 min, VI 0.20.7 nM min1). All thrombin generation curves were
markedly reduced when the cells and MVs were incubated with antiTF antibodies.
Conclusion: Compared with wt Nm, the lpxL1 mutant induces lower
TF-expression and TF-activity on human monocytes, and also lower
MV-associated TF-activity.
PO562-MON
Do elevated coagulation factor levels affect the tissue
factor-threshold in thrombin generation?
Rietveld IM1,2, Reitsma PH1,2 and Bos MHA1,2
1
Division of Thrombosis and Hemostasis; 2Einthoven Laboratory
for Experimental Vascular Medicine, LUMC, Leiden, The
Netherlands
Background: High procoagulant or low anticoagulant factor levels are
known to associate with an increased risk for venous thrombosis (VT).
However, the exact molecular mechanism by which these altered factor
levels modulate the risk is incompletely understood.
Aims: Here we hypothesize that elevated factor levels affect the proand anticoagulant balance in coagulation such that even minute
amounts of tissue factor (TF) will initiate a full-blown coagulation
response, thereby contributing to the VT risk.
465
Methods: To test this so-called TF-threshold hypothesis, we monitored

thrombin generation initiated by very low TF concentrations (0-
500fM) in factor XII-deficient plasma, to avoid of any contact pathway-mediated thrombin formation.
Results: In this system, thrombin generation occurred 15fM TF.
Increasing the factor VIII (FVIII; Aafact levels (150%; 200%))
resulted in enhanced thrombin formation, characterized by an increase
in the thrombin peak and endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) at the
higher TF concentrations (150500fM), while the lag time and timeto-peak were not affected. However, increasing the plasma FVIII concentration up to two-fold did not alter the TF-threshold substantially.
Similar findings were obtained upon additions of prothrombin (plasma
levels of 150% or 200%). Conversely, thrombin generation was dramatically impaired with 150% or 200% antithrombin (AT) present,
demonstrated by a reduced peak thrombin and ETP (2- or 4-fold).
Consistent with this, we observed a shift in the TF-threshold to ~150
fM (150% AT) and 500 fM (200% AT).
Conclusion: In summary, although elevated plasma levels of FVIII or
prothrombin affect parameters of thrombin generation, they do not
reinforce the TF-dependent initiation of coagulation. As such, our
data do not support a mediating role for the TF-threshold in the association between high procoagulant factor levels and the risk for VT.
High AT concentrations do cause an upward TF-threshold shift,
which may be associated with a protective effect on risk for VT.
PO563-MON
Tissue factor/factor VIIA signaling promotes cytokineinduced beta cell death and impairs glucose stimulated
insulin secretion from human pancreatic islets
Eden D, Siegbahn A and Mokhtari D
Medical sciences, clinical chemistry, Uppsala University,
Uppsala, Sweden
Background: Patients diagnosed with type 1- or type 2-diabetes show
elevated levels of coagulation factor VIIa (FVIIa) and its receptor Tissue factor (TF) in their blood stream that may affect the fate of the
beta cells.
Aims: We aimed to study the effect of TF/FVIIa signaling on cytokine-induced beta cell death and islet function in vitro.
Methods: Human pancreatic islets and MIN-6 beta cells were used to
study TF mRNA and protein expression using real time PCR and
immunoblotting. Cell surface TF was determined using flow cytometry. TF/FVIIa effects on cytokine-induced beta cell death were studied
in MIN-6 cells using a cell death ELISA. Effects of TF/FVIIa on the
phosphorylation of p38, ERK and JNK were investigated using immunoblotting. Glucose stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) from human
pancreatic islets was measured with an insulin ELISA.
Results: A combination of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin1beta, tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma, induced
TF expression in human pancreatic islets and in beta cells. TF/FVIIa
did not affect basal beta cell death but, independently of downstream
coagulation activity, augmented beta cell death in response to cytokine
treatment. The effect of TF/FVIIa on cytokine-induced beta cell death
was found to be dependent on the stress kinase JNK, since FVIIa
addition potentiated cytokine-induced JNK activation and JNK inhibition abolished the effect of TF/FVIIa on cytokine-induced beta cell
death. Moreover, TF/FVIIa signaling resulted in inhibition of GSIS
from isolated human pancreatic islets.
Conclusion: These results indicate that TF/FVIIa signalling has a negative effect on beta cell function and promotes beta cell death in
response to cytokines.
466
ABSTRACTS
PO564-MON
Tissue factor activation in pregnancy complications

J3, Nova
k M3,
Prochazka M1, Slavik L2, Proch
azkov
a J3, Ulehlov
a
4
4
ak P
Hostinska E and Pol
1
Medical Genetics, Medical Faculty of Palack
y University;
2
Hemato-oncology, Medical Faculty, Palack
y Univ; 3Hematooncology; 4Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty Of
Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
Background: TF is a specific and high-affinity receptor for factor VII/
VIIa and acts as a cofactor for Factor VIIa. Exposure of activated TF
in coagulation system triggers the physiological blood coagulation and
thrombosis in a number of thrombotic diseases
Aims: Analysis of changes in expression of tissue factor inhibitor,
including with regard to their impact on the initiation of activation of
coagulation changes that can lead to pregnancy complications in
healthy pregnant women compared with pregnant women treated for
chronic hypertension, diabetes mellitus and preeclampsia.
Methods: We have proposed a model monitor activation of the coagulation system in preeclampsia and other pregnancy complications with
TF expression on monocytes by flow cytometry and simultaneously fixing the TF -induced thrombin generation in plasma. To determine
expression of tissue factor (CD142) on monocytes, we used the method
of multicolor flow cytometry using anti CD45 PerCP, clone MEM 28,
anti CD14 APC clone MEM 15, CD16b FITC clone MEM 154,
anti CD142 PE and the appropriate isotope control. Peripheral blood
of 198 prospectively monitored pregnant patient with signed informed
consent have been analyzed. Test were done at the beginning of pregnancy up to end the first trimester. The second collection was done in
the period 24 to 28 week, the third sample after the 36th 40th weeks.
Results: We have confirmed higher expression of CD142 and CD 14
(TF) and monocytes in patients with developed preclampsia compared
to healty controls (P < 0.01).
Conclusion: The detection of CD142 expression by flow cytometry
seems to be an effective method of monitoring the activation of the
coagulation system and methodology developed appears to be very
promising for further uncovering the mechanisms of preeclampsia and
conditions associated with it.
Supported by the grant of the Min. of Health of the Czech Rep. NT
14394-3/2013.
PO565-MON
Activated platelets regulate monocyte tfpi gene
expression through the nuclear transcription factor
PPAR
Turnbull RE1, Sander KN2, Watson PJ3, Barrett DA2, Schwabe JW3
and Goodall AH1
1
Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University Of Leicester,
Leicester; 2School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham,
Nottingham; 3Department of Biochemistry, University Of
Leicester, Leicester, UK
Background: Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor (TFPI) is primarily
expressed on endothelial cells and macrophages. We have previously
shown that tfpi mRNA is also induced in monocytes by GPVI-activated platelets.
Aims: To investigate the mechanism by which platelets regulate monocyte tfpi expression.
Methods: Monocytes were stimulated by CRP-XL-activated platelets
and isolated by immune-magnetic beads. Relative expression of tfpi
was measured using RT-qPCR. Oxylipins were extracted from the releasate of activated platelets using a hexane-based method for analysis
by LC-MS/MS. Activation of PPARc was measured by luciferase
expression in 293T cells relative to b-galactosidase.
Results: GPVI-activated platelets induced monocyte tfpi expression in

a time dependent manner, reaching maximum at 6 h (P = 0.0021;
n = 4). Preventing platelet monocyte aggregates with the CD62Pblocking antibody 9E1 gave no change in expression indicating material released from platelets induces tfpi expression. When the releasate
from activated platelets was separated into protein or oxylipin fractions and incubated with monocytes, oxylipins were identified as
responsible for the induction of tfpi expression (P = 0.0009; n = 9).
LC-MS/MS analysis identified 16 oxylipins of which, 12-/15-HETE,
9-/13-HODE and 9-oxoODE are known PPARc agonists. Blocking
formation of these oxylipins with aspirin and esculetin resulted in
reduced tfpi expression (P = 0.0465 and 0.0153 respectively; n = 3)
and dual inhibition was additive (P = 0.0024; n = 3). Conversely tfpi
expression was induced by the known PPARc agonists rosiglitazone
(P = 0.032) and 15-PGJ2 (0.0087; n = 3). PPARc activation by12-/15HETE was confirmed in a transactivation assay (P = 0.0285 and
0.0006 respectively; n = 6).
Conclusion: These results suggest activated platelets induce expression
of tfpi in monocytes through the release of AA-derived PPARc agonists. This effect could be a therapeutic target in the prevention of coronary artery disease.
PO566-MON
Tissue factor and tissue factor pathway inhibitor
assessment in early and late severe preeclampsia
Godoi LC1, Alpoim PN1, Borges KBG1, das Gracas Carvalho M1,
Pinheiro MB2 and Dusse LMS1
1
gicas,
Departamento de An
alises Clnicas e Toxicolo
Universidade Federal De Minas Gerais Faculdade De Farm
acia,
Belo Horizonte; 2Escola de Medicina, Campos Centro Oeste
Dona Lindu Universidade Federal de S~
ao Jo~
ao Del Rey,
polis, Brazil
Divino
Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is a multi-system disorder of human
pregnancy characterized by hypertension (blood pressure
140x90 mmHg) and proteinuria (0.3 g protein in 24-h specimen)
occurring after the 20th week of pregnancy. According to gestational
age (GA) at the onset of disease, PE has been classified as early
(GA<34 weeks) and late (GA34 weeks). PE is associated with
increased hypercoagulable state compared to normotensive pregnant.
Tissue factor (TF) is the main physiological initiator of blood coagulation. In vivo, TF activity is regulated by a specific inhibitor known as
Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI).
Aims: To assess FT (pg mL1) and TFPI (ng mL1) and TF/TFPI ratio
plasma levels in early and late severe PE and normotensive pregnant.
Methods: This study was approved by local Ethical Committee and
consent was obtained in all cases. It included four groups: G1: early
severe PE women (n = 30); G2: late severe PE women (n = 25); G3:
early normotensive pregnant (n = 34) and G4: late normotensive pregnant (n = 14).
TF and TFPI plasma levels were determined by ELISA.
Results: The mean standard deviation for TF were:
G1 = 324.9 120.2; G2 = 284.9 112.6; G3 = 270.9 116.3 and
G4 = 260.9 29.2 and no significant difference was found among
these groups. For TFPI, median (Interquatile range) were G1 = 104.6
(53.1); G2 = 60.2 (51.5); G3 = 62.2 (24.5) and G4 = 65.0 (50.7). TFPI
levels were higher in G1 and lower in G2 comparing to G3. No difference was found comparing G1, G2 and G3 to G4.The median (Interquatile range) for TF/TFPI ratio were: G1 = 2.64 (2.89); G2 = 3.80
(3.88); G3 = 3.71 (3.57) and G4 = 4.19 (5.31) and was lower in G1
comparing to G3 and G4.
Conclusion: Although TF levels was not increased in early severe PE
comparing to normotensive pregnant before 34 weeks of gestation,
higher levels of TFPI were found. It can be speculate an increase of TF
ABSTRACTS
in uterine environment to justify the high circulate TFPI in early severe
PE. A decrease of TF/TFPI ratio in early severe PE supports the
hypothesis.
Transfusion I
PO567-MON
Levonorgestrel-releasing intra-uterine device use in
adolescent females with heavy menstrual bleeding and
bleeding disorders: single institution review
Adeyemi OA1,2, Santos X1,2, Dietrich JE1,2 and Srivaths L1,3
1
Department of Pediatrics; 2Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of
Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, Baylor College of
Medicine; 3Texas Childrens Cancer and Hematology Centers,
Houston, USA
Background: There is limited data on the use of Levonorgestrel-releasing intra-uterine device (LNgIUD) in adolescents with HMB due to
bleeding disorders (BD).
Aims: We hypothesized that LNgIUD would be efficacious for postmenarchal adolescents with HMB and BD.
Methods: An IRB approved retrospective chart review was undertaken. BD diagnoses, menstrual cycle details, laboratory values and
HMB treatment details at baseline and after LNgIUD placement were
assessed. Pictorial Blood Assessment Chart scores > 100, HMB requiring pad/tampon change every 12 h, passage of clots, or cycles lasting
for >/= 7 days qualified as HMB. Descriptive statistics and t-tests were
utilized.
Results: Thirteen patients met inclusion criteria. The mean age of diagnosis of HMB was 14.08 1.75 years. BD diagnoses included low von
Willebrand (VW) activity (5), type I VW disease (VWD) (5), type IIM
VWD (1), low VW activity and factor 7 deficiency (1), acquired VW
activity and factor 7 deficiency (1). Prior to LNgIUD, hormonal therapy and hemostatic therapy (antifibrinolytic agents/DDAVP) administered alone, yielded poor control of HMB. IUD was placed with periprocedure hemostatic therapy with no resultant HMB or other complications. All patients reported significant improvement in HMB after
LNgIUD placement with mean time to improvement of
97.0 71.3 days, and 60% achieved amenorrhea within the timeframe.
Mean hemoglobin level pre LNgIUD was 11 3.5 mg dL1 and post
LNgIUD was 13.4 0.9 mg dL1. There was a significant rise in Hb
post LNgIUD (P = 0.0264). Use of supplemental hormonal or hemostatic agents was low after LNgIUD (4). None required IUD removal; 1
spontaneously expelled the IUD with subsequent replacement.
Conclusion: Our study results indicate that the LNg IUD can be an
effective therapeutic option in post-menarchal adolescent girls with
HMB due to BD. In addition, the LNgIUD is associated with minimal
complications, high compliance rates in adolescents, and improvement
in HMB and anemia.
PO568-MON
A new alloantigen (CAB4) carried by GPIX identified in
a context of severe neonatal alloimmune
thrombocytopenia
Jallu V, Beranger T, Bianchi F, Casale C, Chenet C, Ferre N,
Philippe S, Quesne J, Martageix C and Petermann R
Platelet Immunology, Institut National De La Transfusion
Sanguine, Paris, France
Background: After 3 miscarriages, at 1 year of interval a 39-year-old
woman gave birth to 2 thrombocytopenic infants (6 and 30 G/L) with
467
intracranial haemorrhages. Thrombocytopenias were corrected with

transfusion of apheresis platelets but if the outcome was favourable
for the 1st infant, the 2nd died 10 days after she was delivered at 33
WA + 6 days by caesarean.
Aims: The study aimed at characterizing the origin of these thrombocytopenias.
Methods: MAIPA and flow cytometry techniques were used for serological studies. Genotyping of human platelet antigens (HPA) were
done using Beadchips and PCR-SSP techniques. Gene variant was
identified by direct sequencing of PCR products and the mutant glycoprotein (GP) was expressed in transiently transfected HEK293 cells.
Results: The 1st neonate showed no materno-foetal incompatibilities
for HPA 1 to 6, and no maternal antibody to GPIaIIa, IIbIIIa or IbIX
were found. For the 2nd infant, the maternal serum faintly reacted
with GPIbIX from paternal platelets but not with maternal or panel
platelets. Except for HPA-1b, no materno-foetal incompatibility was
identified for other HPA antigens. A new alloantigen carried by GPIbIX was suspected. A paternal c.368C>T variation leading to a
p.Pro123Leu substitution was identified in GPIX. The 2nd neonate
was heterozygous c.368C/T and not compatible with the mother
homozygous c.368C. The 1st infants genotype remains to be studied.
The p.Leu123 form of GPIbIX was normally expressed at the surface
of transfected HEK293 cells and was responsible for the maternal
anti-GPIbIX serum reactivity. The allelic frequency of the GPIX
c.368T allele is currently under study.
Conclusion: We report here the first alloantigen carried by GPIX. It
was identified in a context of severe life-threatening thrombocytopenia
associated with materno-foetal incompatibility in the HPA-1 system
but without detected antibody to HPA-1b. Indeed, the role of the antiGPIbIX alloantibody explaining the severity of both thrombocytopenias requires further studies.
PO569-MON
Assessment of quality and clinical effectiveness of
apheresis platelet concentrates treated with mirasol
pathogen reduction system in plasma or in platelet
additive solution SSP+
Ignatova A, Karpova O, Trahtman P, Rumyantsev S and
Panteleev M
Federal Research and Clinical Centre of Pediatric Hematology,
Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russian Federation
Background: Mirasol treatment can reduce the risk of transfusiontransmitted infections, however, it also results in reduced platelet quality and increased markers of activation during storage.
Aims: We compared storage characteristics and clinical effectiveness of
Mirasol-treated and non-treated apheresis platelet concentrates (PCs)
stored in plasma or in additional solution SSP+.
Methods: PCs were obtained from healthy donors with their written
informed consent. PCs were collected using Trima Accel apheresis system into autologous plasma or into 40% plasma/60% SSP+. Activation markers exposure was analyzed using flow cytometry before and
after activaton on 0, 1, 3 and 5 days of storage. The clinical effectiveness study included transfusions of PCs stored in plasma or SSP+ and
treated or non-treated with Mirasol for patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia or acute myelogenous leukemia, who had a hemorrhagic syndrome of less than 2 points on the WHO scale.
Results: A significant increase in the expression of platelet activation
markers was observed during the storage period in all groups of PCs.
P-selectin and phosphatidylserine expression in Mirasol-treated samples were significantly higher compared to the control ones already
on the day of harvesting, and continued to grow during the storage.
On the 5th day of storage, 2050% of platelets treated with Mirasol
did not respond to the activation. This result agreed well with the sig-
468
ABSTRACTS
nificant decrease (approximately 2-fold) in the effectiveness (we compared the absolute and corrected platelets count increment at 24 h
after transfusion) of transfusions of PCs treated with Mirasol. Transfusions of PCs stored in SSP+ were accompanied by a fewer inefficient transfusions and post-transfusion reactions than of PCs stored
in plasma.
Conclusion: In summary, functional studies revealed that treatment
with Mirasol had an impact on platelet function that was particularly
profound on the 5th day of storage and led to a decrease in the effectiveness of transfusions of PCs.
PO570-MON
Quantification of cell free DNA in red blood cell
concentrates produced via buffy coat (B1) OR whole
blood (B2) methods
Shih A1, Bhagirath V2, Liaw P2, Acker J3, Eikelboom J2 and
Heddle N2
1
Pathology and Molecular Medicine; 2Hematology &
Thromboembolism, Mcmaster University, Hamilton; 3Laboratory
Medicine & Pathology, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada
Background: Whole blood (WB) donations in many countries are processed by the buffy coat (B1) method in which leukoreduction occurs
within 20 h; or B2, within 72 h. This delay in leukoreduction may
result in release of DNA from cells (cfDNA), which associate with histones. Several reports have shown significant association between
transfusion of fresh (2 weeks old) B2 red cells (RC) and in-hospital
mortality, which may be mediated via cfDNA. cfDNA can activate
coagulation and is associated with an increased risk of mortality in
septic patients. Histones activate platelets and are cytotoxic to vascular endothelial cells.
Aims: To test our hypothesis that cfDNA levels are increased in B2
units (for which leukoreduction is delayed) compared to B1; and to
assess if levels are impacted by duration of storage.
Methods: RCs destined for transfusion were selected with equal numbers of fresh (<2 weeks) and older (2 weeks) RCs. Samples of these
units were obtained and the cfDNA isolated. The cfDNA concentration was then quantified by spectrophotometry and PicoGreen; and
for nucleosomes (cfDNA-histone complexes) via ELISA. Analysis
looked at the levels of cfDNA by WB processing method and duration
of RC storage.
Results: 127 RC units were tested: 73 B1, 54 B2. By spectrophotometry, fresh RCs compared to older RCs had significantly higher cfDNA
(3.66 1.69 vs 2.98 1.49 lg mL1, P < 0.001) and a trend of
higher cfDNA with B2 RCs compared to B1 RCs (3.56 1.99 vs
3.28 1.28 lg mL1, P = 0.06). Using PicoGreen, B2 RCs had
higher cfDNA (1.08 0.9 vs 0.5 0.77 ng mL1, P < 0.001). Nucleosome ELISA confirmed the presence of DNA-histone complexes
(0.17 0.13 lg mL1).
Conclusion: We demonstrate higher cfDNA in fresh blood and in B2
units. These findings are consistent with the clinical observations that
fresh B2 blood may be associated with increased mortality in transfused patients. Further studies are required to confirm these observations and to understand the pathobiology.
PO571-MON
Responsiveness of platelets during storage studied
with flow cytometry formation of platelet
subpopulations and LAMP-1 as new markers for the
platelet storage lesion
m S1
Sodergren AL1, Tynng
ard N1,2,3, Berlin G1,2 and Ramstro
1
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine;
2
Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine;
3
ping University,
Department of Clinical Chemistry, Linko
ping, Sweden
Linko
Background: Storage of platelet concentrates (PCs) results in a platelet
storage lesion which may reduce the hemostatic function of transfused
platelets. Quality testing of PCs commonly involves analysis of blood
gases, metabolic variables and spontaneous expression of platelet activation markers. However, response towards agonists is rarely studied.
Aims: The aim of this study was to find new and potentially more sensitive flow cytometry markers to detect changes in platelet function
during storage.
Methods: PCs prepared by apheresis (n =6) were examined on days 1,
5, 7 and 12. Exposure of lysosomal associated membrane protein-1
(LAMP-1), P-selectin and phosphatidylserine (PS) and formation of
different platelet subpopulations was assessed by flow cytometry in
resting state or following stimulation with platelet agonists (collagenrelated peptide (CRP), PAR1-activating peptide (AP) and PAR4-AP).
The protocol was also tested in six PCs with reduced swirling.
Results: The ability to form subpopulations upon activation was significantly decreased already on day 5 for some agonist combinations,
e.g. seen as a decrease in the fraction of small platelets (25 3% on
day 1 and 15 3% on day 5 upon activation with CRP+PAR1AP+PAR4-AP, meanSEM). In PCs with reduced swirling the ability
to form subpopulations was severely reduced or even abolished. Spontaneous exposure of P-selectin and PS increased with time, while spontaneous LAMP-1 exposure was unchanged. Agonist-induced exposure
of PS and LAMP-1 gradually decreased with time (from 38 5% and
77 3%, respectively, on day 1 to 11 1% and 50 9% on day
12), and agonist-induced LAMP-1 exposure was absent in PCs with
reduced swirling.
Conclusion: The platelet activation potential measured as agonistinduced expression of LAMP-1 and fragmentation into platelet subpopulations are potential sensitive markers that could be beneficial to
include in evaluation of the platelet storage lesion.
PO572-MON
Preserved ultrastructure and biochemical
characteristics of platelet components prepared with
amotosalen and UVA for pathogen inactivation
Hechler B1, Ravanat C1, Ohlmann P1, Eckly A1, Leduc M2,
Guillonneau F2, Isola H3 and Gachet C1
1
INSERM UMR_949, Etablissement Francais du Sang-Alsace,
Strasbourg; 23P5 proteomic facility, Universite Paris Descartes,
Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016; CNRS UMR8104, Paris;
3
Etablissement Francais du Sang-Alsace, Strasbourg, France
Background: Although safe and efficient, platelet concentrates (PCTPCs) treated with the Intercept pathogen inactivation method
(amotosalen and UVA) exhibit reduced platelet recovery after transfusion as compared to conventional untreated control (C) PCs. Platelets
from PCT-PCs and from C-PCs display however similar platelet reactivity and proteomic characteristics evaluated by 2D-DIGE analysis
during 6.5 days of storage (Hechler, Transfusion 2013).
Aims: To further examine the selective impact of the Intercept
method on the integrity and biochemical characteristics of platelets
from PCT-PCs compared to C-PCs.
ABSTRACTS
Methods: Platelets from PCT-PCs or from C-PCs were isolated on day
(D) 1.5 and D6.5 of storage, washed and resuspended in Tyrodes buffer and compared in terms of their ultrastructural morphology by
transmission electron microscopy, expression of the dont eat me signal CD47 by flow cytometry and proteomic profile using the iTRAQ
(isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation) approach.
Results: At D1.5, 85% of C-platelets and 93% of PCT-platelets displayed disk shape. At D6.5, 63% of both C- and PCT-platelets still
retained their disk shape, while the remaining 37% of platelets displayed similar signs of activation. Surface expression of CD47
remained stable during storage and no differences were detected
between C- and PCT-platelets. Using the iTRAQ approach to have a
global look at platelet protein changes, a total number of 1314 unique
proteins were identified. Relative expression data indicated that only 3
proteins were differently modified between C- and PCT-platelets by
D1.5 and 10 proteins by D6.5 by more than 1.5-fold (P -value<0.05).
These proteins are linked to the cytoskeleton, oxidative stress and
platelet metabolism.
Conclusion: The Intercept pathogen inactivation method has no
major impact on platelet ultrastructure, expression of CD47 and platelet protein profile during 6.5 days of storage.
PO573-MON
Platelet transfusions at the clinic of chemotherapy: a
hospital-based cohort study
Tamamyan G, Danielyan S, Safaryan L, Zohrabyan D, Sargsyan L,
Voskanyan A, Hakobyan L, Harutyunyan L, Avagyan A and
Bardakchyan S
Clinic of Chemotherapy, Muratsan Hospital Complex Of Yerevan
State Medical University, Yerevan, Armenia
Background: Thrombocytopenia is a significant complication of cancer
therapy and has been known for decades. Platelet transfusion is the
most accepted method to treat this complication and, indeed, one of
the main indications of platelet transfusion is myelosuppressive chemotherapy. Unfortunately, the data in this area is quite limited, and
the knowledge gap is even larger from the countries with limited
resources.
Aims: The aims of this study were to assess the platelet transfusion
rates in patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy and to describe
the complications related to those transfusions.
Methods: A hospital-based cohort study was conducted at the Clinic
of Chemotherapy of Muratsan Hospital Complex of Yerevan State
Medical University, involving all cancer patients from Dec.2008 to
Dec.2014. Demographic, clinical, laboratory and transfusion data was
collected from the patients database and from the hospital transfusion
registry and a subsequent analysis was performed.
Results: Of 610 patients (078 years old) with cancer (both solid
tumors and hematologic malignancies) receiving chemotherapy, 51
(8.4%) patients received in total 207 platelet transfusions. Overall, 404
platelet products were spent, of those, 36 (6.4%) were aphaeresis platelets and the other 368 (95.6%) were platelet concentrates. None of
platelet products were irradiated, since it is not available in our country. Transfusion associated reactions were very rare and only 5 (2.4%)
mild reactions were observed, of which 3 patients had allergic rash
(one of them twice) and another 1 had febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reaction.
Conclusion: In this study we assessed the platelet transfusion rates and
transfusion associated reactions in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. However, some studies showed higher incidence of platelet
transfusion related reactions, in our patient cohort those complications were rare. It may be explained by the lower number of transfused
platet units per patient in most of the cases, due to limited availability.
469
PO575-MON
HPA beadchip genotyping study: comparison between
DNA extracted from blood samples and buccal SWABS
Petermann R1, Chenet C1, Beranger T1, Bianchi F1, Casale C1,
Ferre N1, Philippe S1, Jeannine Q1, Martageix C1, Jallu V1 and
Garraud O2
1
Platelet Immunology Department, INTS, Paris; 2University of
Lyon, Saint Etienne, France
Background: The HPA Beadchip genotyping kit (CE-IVD BioArray
Solutions, Immucor, Warren, NJ) has been introduced in the Platelet Immunology Department of the National Institute of Blood Transfusion in 2010. This technique allows to test for 11 human platelet
antigen (HPA) groups simultaneously in a single platform; total time
of assay is only 6 h, including the DNA extraction procedure.
Aims: The aim of the study was to compare platelet genotypes using
DNA extracted from blood samples and buccal swabs in patients suffering severe thrombocytopenia, presenting with refractoriness after
platelet transfusion or being pre-term neonates. Indeed, the current
protocol for genotyping requires a range of DNA quantity between 80
to 640 ng at a concentration ranging from 10 to 80 ng lL1.
Methods: This study was carried out in 2013 and 2014 and concerned a
total of 112 samples. Two CE-marked in vitro diagnostics (IVD) DNA
extraction techniques were implemented: i) the automated extraction
on MagNA PURE Compact with the MagNA PURE Compact
Nucleic Acid Isolation Kit I (Roche Diagnostics,Gmbh); ii) and the
manual QIAamp DSP DNA Blood Mini kit (Qiagen,Gmbh). The
automated extraction was only used for blood samples while buccal
swabs were extracted with either technique.
Results: In the 112 samples tested, 103 HPA genotyping results were
100% concordant even if the DNA concentration in buccal swabs is
lower than the recommended protocol ( 0.5 ng lL1). 9 HPA genotyping buccal swabs results were non-interpretable; different hypotheses have been proposed to explain these results, such as DNA
degradation, low DNA concentration, punctual misreading of the
chip. . .. These 9 samples are currently under study.
Conclusion: The HPA Beadchip genotyping kit allows a suitable genotyping of platelets antigens even at low DNA concentration. These
first results indicate some interest to genotype on buccal swabs, an easy
and non-invasive collecting method which could be introduced in the
future in routine screening.
PO576-MON
Prothrombin activation in packed red blood cell units
over their storage lifetime
Orfeo T1, Keith HN1, Lavoie EM1, Bouchard BA2, Gissel M1,
Fung M2 and Mann KG1
1
University of Vermont, Colchester; 2University of Vermont,
Burlington, USA
Background: In in vitro models of blood coagulation, red blood cells
(RBCs) appear to be sites of significant thrombin generation, suggesting their potential to participate in normal hemorrhage control at
injury sites. In traumatic injuries with severe blood loss, packed RBC
preparations (pRBCs) are transfused to improve oxygen delivery.
Aims: To examine the capacity of RBCs in pRBC transfusion units to
support prothrombinase assembly and function over the 42 day shelflife of the product.
Methods: Five units of leukocyte reduced pRBCs (A, Rh+, CPD-AS-1)
were obtained from a local blood bank and each sampled at 7, 14, 21,
28, 35 and 42 days. Cell number, pH, and % lysed cells were measured, and an aliquot of cells processed to provide a washed cell fraction and a microparticle fraction. Prothrombinase assays were
conducted on unwashed (total) and washed RBCs as well as volumetri-
470
ABSTRACTS
cally equivalent amounts of microparticles. Phosphatidylserine expression on washed RBCs was quantified by flow cytometry using both
FITC-labeled bovine lactadherin and FITC-labeled FXa (2 nM) with
20 nM FVa. Data are expressed as mean SD.
Results: Between day 7 and 42 continuous changes in pH (6.75 0.04
to 6.5 0.08), % cell lysis (0.024 0.22 to 1.33 0.47) and total
prothrombinase activity (~3.5-fold increase) were observed. At day 7,
~80% of the total prothrombinase activity was associated with the
washed RBC fraction and 20% with the microparticle fraction. At day
42, prothrombinase activity by the microparticle fraction had
increased ~8-fold, accounting for ~ of the total; the level of activity
of the washed RBC fraction remained stable. Consistent with this, flow
cytometry showed no trend in the % of washed RBCs binding bovine
lactadherin or FVa dependent FXa binding.
Conclusion: During the 42 day operational lifetime of pRBC units,
increasing capacity to support prothrombinase is associated with the
microparticle fraction while intact RBCs appear stable.
Disclosure of Interest: T. Orfeo: None Declared, H. Keith: None
Declared, E. Lavoie: None Declared, B. Bouchard: None Declared,
M. Gissel: None Declared, M. Fung: None Declared, K. Mann Shareholder of: Haematologic Technologies, Consultant for: Alnylam, Baxter, Bayer, CSL Behring, Diagnostica Stago.
PO577-MON
Exploring the challenges of effective factor distribution
and management in the province of Saskatchewan
Dallas KL1 and Sinha R2
1
Transfusion Medicine, Saskatoon Health Region; 2Pediatrics,
University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
Background: The Saskatchewan Bleeding Disorders program serves
the Canadian province of Saskatchewan (SK) which is 651,900 km2
and has a population of 1,033,381. Within SK there are 13 separate
health regions, each with several hospitals; some with blood banks &
others without. As a result, there are many challenges with ensuring
patients have access to appropriate factor products, especially in rural
areas.
Aims: The purpose of this study was to explore the challenges of effective distribution & management of factor over a large geographic area,
and how these challenges can potentially be addressed.
Methods: This was a qualitative study using a phenomenology
approach performed for program assessment purposes in 201213,
that consisted of collecting stories describing challenges faced by
health care professionals in transfusion medicine & the bleeding disorders program in SK.
Results: Currently in SK, 78 facilities are qualified to transfuse & 35
facilities hold blood product inventory. One of the main logistical challenges found was with respect to shipping product from the sole provincial Blood Center to hospitals as there is currently no provincial
laboratory transport network.
Another major challenge identified was that of maintaining national
transfusion standards in rural laboratories where staff are not specialists in blood banking & are unfamiliar with these specialty products.
Another issue identified was ensuring appropriate redistribution of
factor products as they approach outdates. It is important that
patients have access to factor, but it is also the duty of the provincial
program to ensure that these expensive resources are being used
appropriately with minimal wastage.
Lastly, a key to this entire system was found to be proper patient &
health care community education. This is a crucial piece of the puzzle,
especially when the medical team is often not able to assess patients in
person as they are quite remote.
Conclusion: (Results & Discussion written together above) Poster will
include: NEXT STEPS.
TTP / thrombotic
microangiopathies I
PO578-MON
Neuro-imaging does not correlate with disease
severity in acute thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura
(TTP), but may predict long term sequelae
Karpha I1, Kay-Jones C1, Burgiss J2, Martlew V1, Toh CH1,
Fitzsimmons P3 and Dutt T1
1
Haematology; 2Critical Care; 3Stroke Medicine, Royal Liverpool
And Broadgreen University Hospital Trust, Liverpool, UK
Background: Neurological involvement is reported in up to 60% of
patients presenting with TTP. The role of neuro-imaging in the acute
setting and correlation with long term outcomes is not well defined.
Aims: To study neuro-imaging results in acute TTP patients and correlation with disease severity and residual neurological impairment.
Methods: A retrospective review was performed of patients with acute
TTP during August 2013December 2014 treated at a TTP Specialist
Centre, n = 13. Data collection included: clinical presentation, critical
care involvement, neuro-imaging modality and result, and long term
neurological complications.
Results: 10/13 patients had neurological involvement at presentation:
confusion 4/10, seizure 4/10, headache 1/10, and hemiparesis 1/10. 8/
10 patients with neurological involvement required an ICU stay with
4/8 requiring invasive ventilation.
All 10 patients with neurology underwent imaging in the acute stages:
7/10 CT, 2/10 MRI, 1/10 MRI and MRA. 5/10 showed abnormalities
of which 3/5 demonstrated ischaemic changes consistent with TTP, 1/5
age-related changes and 1/5 an incidental cyst. At a median follow up
of 12 weeks (range 160 weeks), survival was 100%. 7/10 had resolving neurological impairment, however 3/10 patients with TTP-related
neuro-imaging have required outpatient follow-up from other specialist teams: stroke/ophthalmology for persistent, significant neurological
deficit.
Conclusion: Patients presenting with neurological manifestations of
TTP are more likely to undergo neuro-imaging and require critical
care support. Only a small proportion however, demonstrate abnormal imaging consistent with TTP indicating that treatment with
plasma exchange should not be delayed to image these patients.
Abnormal findings may predict long-term neurological disability
requiring specialist support post-remission.
PO579-MON
Phase II study of danazol with plasma exchange and
corticosteroids for the treatment of thrombotic
thrombocytopenic purpura
Torri V1, Friedman M2, Shapira I3, Patel AA1, Yoe J1, Shah VP4,
Mirzoyev T1, Machuca M3 and Varma M1
1
Hematology-Oncology; 2Pathology, Mount Sinai Roosevelt;
3
Hematology-Oncology; 4Pathology/Blood Bank, Mount Sinai
Beth Israel, New York, USA
Background: Danazol is effective in refractory thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura (TTP). In 2009, we initiated a phase II study of danazol with plasma exchange (PE) and corticosteroids (CS) for the initial
treatment of TTP. This trial was approved by the institutional review
board and is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov. We have reached 50% of
our accrual target and present an interim analysis.
Aims: To determine if danazol reduces number of PEs, time to remission (TR), and length of stay (LOS) when administered with standard
therapy for the initial treatment of TTP.
ABSTRACTS
Methods: Experimental Group (EG): Patients with TTP (Platelet count
(PLT) < 100,000 lL1 and microangiopathy receive daily PE, prednisone 1 mg kg1, and danazol 600 mg. Following remission (PLT >
150,000 lL1 for 3 consecutive days), PE is tapered to every other day
for 1 week then stopped. Then prednisone is tapered weekly over
4 weeks then stopped. After 1 week danazol is tapered by 200 mg
weekly then stopped. Historical controls (HC): Patients treated for
TTP at St. Lukes-Roosevelt Hospital Center with PE with or without CS from 2000 to 2007 (n = 20). Relapse definition: PLT <
100,000 lL1 with microangiopathy > 30 days after remission. Total
number of PEs, TR, LOS, and continuous response rates are compared between the 2 groups. Accrual target: 16 patients to detect a
40% decrease in the number of PEs with 80% power and a level of
significance of 0.05.
Results: Eight patients have been enrolled. Average number of PEs
(days) were 15 (EG) and 16.1 (HC), average TR (days) was 10.6 (EG)
and 11 (HC), and average LOS (days) was 27.8 (EG) and 24.9 (HC),
P > 0.05. Four patients in HC have had a total of 6 relapses at our
institution at a median of 28.25 months, range 2.75 to 97 months after
the initial event. No patients in EG have relapsed during a median follow-up of 25.5 months, range 6 weeks to 53 months.
Conclusion: Danazol does not not appear to reduce PE requirement,
TR, or LOS during initial therapy of TTP, but does appear to prevent
relapse.
PO580-MON
Dense genotyping of immune-related disease regions
for the identification of genetic risk factors in acquired
thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
Mancini I1, Pappalardo E2, Cairo A1, Gorski MM2, Ferrari B1,
~o-Ponce I3, Wijmenga C3 and Peyvandi F1,2
Rican
1
Fondazione Irccs Ca Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico;
2
Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Universit
a
degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; 3Genetics Department,
University Medical Center and University of Groningen,
Background: Acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)
is associated with the development of autoantibodies against the
VWF-cleaving protease ADAMTS13. Evidences of a genetic contribution have been reported, including the association of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex with disease risk.
Aims: To identify novel genetic risk factors in acquired TTP.
Methods: A total of 195 Caucasian patients with acquired TTP were
genotyped using the Illumina Immunochip. Enrolled cases presented a
diagnosis of TTP (episode of thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic
hemolytic anemia without alternative causes) and antiADAMTS13
antibodies by western blot. Cases were compared with 1255 Italian
controls using logistic regression models. A replication study using
SNP TaqMan assays is ongoing to validate the associated variants. So
far, 47 cases and 149 controls have been tested.
Results: After quality control 186 cases, 1255 controls and 131095 variants were available for association testing, with a total genotyping rate
of 0.99993. Logistic regression analysis revealed 7 associated variants,
of which the strongest variant, rs6903608 (P = 1.51x1014), was identified within the HLA class II complex, with a minor allele frequency
(MAF) of 0.498. We also identified a rare variant, rs115265285
(MAF=0.006, P = 3.20x105), located 3.5 kb into the 3UTR of the
DNMT3A gene. All variants presented strong effects and were associated with either elevated risk of disease, showing odds ratios (OR)
ranging from 2.13 to 7.53, or protective effect, with ORs of 0.39 and
0.59. In the replication study, preliminary data confirmed the association of rs6903608 with the disease (P = 4.4x103).
471
Conclusion: Our study has confirmed the association of the HLA locus
with the risk of developing a TTP episode. Replication on other nonHLA variants, which requires a larger sample size, is currently ongoing.
Disclosure of Interest: I. Mancini: None Declared, E. Pappalardo:
None Declared, A. Cairo: None Declared, M. Gorski: None Declared,
B. Ferrari: None Declared, I. Rica~
no-Ponce: None Declared, C. Wijmenga: None Declared, F. Peyvandi Grant/Research Support from: Alexion, Bayer, Biotest, Kedrion Biopharma, Novo Nordisk, Consultant
for: Grifols, Kedrion Biopharma, LFB, Octapharma, Speaker Bureau
of: Alexion, Baxter, Bayer, Biotest, CSL Behring, Grifols, Novo Nordisk.
PO581-MON
Characterization of single sorted anti-ADAMTS13
specific B cells from the spleen of acquired thrombotic
thrombocytopenic purpura (ATTP) patients
Skowronska M, Schaller M and Hovinga JK
University Clinic of Hematology, Central Hematology Laboratory
and Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Bern,
Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
Background: Autoantibodies (Abs) that neutralize and/or accelerate
the clearance of ADAMTS13 cause aTTP. Increasing evidence points
at the spleen as a major reservoir for antigen specific memory B-cells.
Aims: We investigated the B-cell population and frequency of ADAMTS13-specific B-cells in the spleen of aTTP patients to understand the
humoral autoimmune response and to develop an Abs/B-cells targeted
therapy.
Methods: Splenic mononuclear cells of 7 aTTP patients- 2 treated with
Rituximab (RTX) were analysed by flow cytometry. The frequencies
of highly positive anti-ADAMTS13 B-cells among nave, un-, switched
memory B-cells and plasma cells were determined. Individual B-cells
based on binding to fluorescently labelled rADAMTS13 were sorted.
Gene transcripts of single cells were reverse-transcribed followed by
nested PCR to amplify IgG heavy/light chain genes and sequencing.
Identifying the Ig variable domains (V) and V-(D)-J junctions i.e. antigen binding region (CDR3) was performed using IMIGT/V-QUEST
tool.
Results: Splenic anti-ADAMTS13 cells were detected in all patients
(0.057% of total B-cell population) with highest prevalence among
plasma cells. The 2 RTX treated patients had decreased levels of
CD19/CD20 positive cells (1% and 20% of lymphocytes after T-cell/
monocyte exclusion), compared to RTX- nave (~63%). Splenic antiADAMTS13 specific B-cells of 4 aTTP patients revealed 83 Abs from
which CDR3 diversity was analysed. Most frequently used V-genes
were IGHV169, IGHV330, IGHV551 (15%, 12%, 8%). Abs had
average germline identity of 92.2% with 17 amino acids CDR3 region.
Igj light chain was used by 41 Abs vs. 30 Abs were Igk. We detected
two cells bearing Abs which were positive for both: Igj+, Igk+.
Conclusion: Specific anti-ADAMTS13 B-cells were found in the spleen
of all aTTP patients, including plasma cells known to be unaffected by
RTX. Currently we clone selected monoclonal Abs. Functional testing
will allow selection of the inhibitory Abs as tools to develop antigenspecific therapies for aTTP.
472
ABSTRACTS
PO582-MON
The natural mutation ASP173GLY in the catalytic site
of the ADAMTS-13 gene causes a severe Upshawlman syndrome: clinical course, biochemistry and
Schu
molecular dynamics investigation
1
Lancellotti S , Peyvandi F , Pagliari MT , Cairo A , AbdelAzeim S3, Chermak E3, Lazzareschi I4, Mastrangelo S4, Cavallo L3,
Oliva R5 and Cristofaro RD1
1
Center for Haemorrhagic and Thrombotic Diseases, Department
of Medical Sciences, Catholic University School Of Medicine, A.
Gemelli Hospital, Roma; 2Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia
and Thrombosis Center and Fondazione Luigi Villa, IRCCS
Maggiore Hospital, Mangiagalli, Regina Elena Foundation and
University of Milan, Milan, Italy; 3Kaust Catalysis Center, King
Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 239556900, Saudi Arabia; 4Institute of Pediatrics, Catholic University
School Of Medicine, A. Gemelli Hospital, Roma5Department of
Sciences and Technologies, University Parthenope of Naples,
Naples, Italy
Background: Congenital thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
(TTP), also referred to as Upshaw-Sch
ulman syndrome, is a rare form
of thrombotic microangiopathy, caused by a dysfunction or severe
deficiency of ADAMTS-13 (A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease with
ThromboSpondin 1 repeats), a zinc-protease which physiologically is
responsible for the proteolytic processing of VWF multimers. The disease is inherited with autosomal recessive mode and caused by mutations in the ADAMTS-13 gene. About 100 mutations of the
ADAMTS-13 gene were identified so far, although only a few characterized by in vitro expression studies.
Aims: Study a new Asp to Gly homozygous mutation at position 173
of ADAMTS-13 sequence, which was identified in a family of Romanian origin, with some members affected by clinical signs of TTP.
Methods: Expression studies were carried out in mammalian cells with
a complete biochemical and molecular dynamics investigation of the
D173G mutation.
Results: In two male sons this mutation caused a severe (<1%) deficiency of ADAMTS-13 activity and antigen level, associated with periodic thrombocytopenia and haemolytic anemia. Both parents, who are
cousins, showed the same mutation in heterozygous form. The mutant
enzyme was expressed in HEK293 cells, but showed a severe decrease
of secretion and detectable levels inside the cell. Molecular dynamics
found that in the D173G mutant the interface area between the metalloprotease domain and the disintegrin-like domain significantly
2 during the simulations, while the prodecreases from 1090 to 741 A
line-rich 20 residues linker region (LR, 285304) between them undergoes extensive conformational changes. Inter-domain contacts are also
significantly less conserved in the mutant compared to the wild-type.
Conclusion: These results may help to unravel the role of the mutation
in the maturation and folding of ADAMTS-13, likely destabilizing the
enzyme and impairing its conformation and secretion.
PO583-MON
Defective degradation of neutrophil extracellular
traps is associated with acute thrombotic
microangiopathies
hler ECM1,
Jimenez-Alcazar M1, Napirei M2, Panda R1, Ko
Hovinga JK3, Mannherz HG4, Peine S5, Renn
e T1,6, L
ammle B7
1,6
and Fuchs TA
1
Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine,
University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg;
2
Department of Anatomy and Molecular Embryology, Ruhr
University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; 3Department of
Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory, Bern University
Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; 4Department
of Anatomy and Molecular Embryology, Ruhr University
Bochum,, Bochum5Institute of Transfusion Medicine, University
Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg,
Germany6Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery,
Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm,
Sweden7Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University
Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
Background: Thrombotic Microangiopathies (TMAs) have been associated with neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs consist of
extracellular DNA fibers decorated with histones and proteases, which
bind and activate platelets as well as clotting factors.
Aims: We hypothesized that efficient removal of NETs is necessary to
inhibit excessive thrombosis. Therefore, we investigated whether acute
TMAs are associated with a defect in the degradation of NETs.
Methods: NETs produced in vitro were incubated with plasma from
TMA patients (n = 27) and from healthy controls (n = 10). DNase1
activity was measured in the plasma samples by single radial enzyme
diffusion assays, as well as denaturing PAGE zymograms.
Results: Our data shows that NETs exposed to plasma from healthy
donors were efficiently degraded, whereas NETs remained stable after
exposure to plasma from TMA patients (P < 0.01). The inability to
degrade NETs strongly correlated with a decreased DNase1 activity in
plasma (r = -0.855). We found that this lower activity of the enyzme is
not due to the presence of inhibitors, but to a decreased amount of the
active enzyme in circulation. Supplementation of plasma from TMA
patients with recombinant human DNase1 successfully restored the
NET-degrading activity.
Conclusion: NET-degrading activity mediated by DNase1 is impaired
in patients with TMA. The role of plasma DNases in thrombosis is
poorly understood. Reduction in the circulating DNase1 activity may
cause persistence of pro-thrombotic NETs, and promote microvascular thrombosis in TMA patients.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Jimenez-Alcazar: None Declared, M. Napirei: None Declared, R. Panda: None Declared, E. K
ohler: None
Declared, J. Kremer Hovinga Grant/Research Support from: Baxter
Bioscience, H. Mannherz: None Declared, S. Peine: None Declared, T.
Renne: None Declared, B. Lammle Grant/Research Support from:
Baxter Bioscience, T. Fuchs: None Declared.
ABSTRACTS
PO584-MON
Platelet inhibition in TTP: a mechanism to escape
thrombosis
Roest M1, Fijnheer R2, Cornelissen L2, Zandstra J3, Sebastian S4
and Urbanus R4
1
Synapse.Bv, Utrecht; 2Meander MC, Amersfoort; 3UMC Utrecht,
Utrecht, The Netherlands; 4LKCH, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The
Netherlands
Background: Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP) is a
severe thrombotic disorder that mainly affects young women and has
a mortality rate of seventy percent if untreated. It is caused by the
spontaneous binding of ultralarge multimers of the plasma protein
Von Willebrand Factor (VWF) to circulating platelets, leading to
microvascular occlusions in organs such as the brain and the kidney.
Patients with acquired TTP may be in remission for prolonged periods
of time, despite the continued absence of functional ADAMTS13 and
the presence of ultralarge VWF. The mechanism behind the intermittent pattern of attacks in TTP is currently unclear. We hypothesized
that platelets may play a modulating role.
Aims: To study platelet function in TTP patients, in remission: Methods:
We have studied platelet VWF interaction and platelet function in 30
TTP patients who are in remission and in 20 healthy controls. Furthermore, we measured ADAMTS-13 activity and VWF multimer patterns. Finally, we reconstituted platelets from normal volunteers in
plasma of TTP patients to study whether TTP plasma affects platelet
function.
Results: We observed spontaneous binding of VWF to platelets in
TTP patients, which does not occur in normal controls. Binding of
VWF to platelets was inversely correlated with platelet count. As
expected, the TTP patients had more ultra large VWF than the healthy
controls. Furthermore, platelet activation by ADP and TRAP-6 is
strongly inhibited in TTP patients as compared with healthy controls.
This inhibition of platelet activation was confirmed by reconstitution
experiments, in which plasma of TTP patients were added to platelets
of healthy controls.
Conclusion: TTP patients in remission have spontaneous VWF binding
and a reduced sensitivity to platelet activation by P2Y12 receptor agonists or by thrombin receptor agonists. This platelet inhibition may
be an escape mechanism for severe thrombotic complications.
PO585-MON
Treatment of a Jehovahs witness with recurrent
thrombotic thromobcytopenic purpura with Rituximab
Kirti F1, Ibarra G2 and Calvo AR3
1
Internal Medicine, Kettering Medical Center, Kettering, USA;
2
Internal Medicine, Naval of Cartagena Hospital, Bolivar,
Colombia; 3Hematology and Oncology, Kettering Health
Network, Kettering, USA
Background: Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a potentially fatal disease characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and a variable degree of organ dysfunction,
especially renal failure and neurological disease and is often refractory
to treatment with high relapse rate. Daily therapeutic plasma exchange
is the mainstay of treatment. The management of patients with TTP
whose religious beliefs preclude the use of blood or blood products
can often be difficult and lead to fatal results.
Aims: To describe a case of successful treatment of a Jehovahs witness
with recurrent TTP: Methods: A 58-year-old African-American female
presented with TIA-like episode of aphasia and blurring of vision. Her
labs were significant for platelet count of 30,000 lL1, Hemoglobin of
9.1 gm dL1, LDH 756 U L1 and Creatinine of 1.1 mg dL1,with
473
latest normal lab values, almost 3 months ago. Originally, she came to
us two years ago with similar presentation with labs significant for
Platelet count 16,000 lL1, Creatinine 1.2 mg dL1, Haptoglobin
10 mg dL1, LDH 1603 U L1, Hemoglobin 5.4gm dL1, Reticulocyte count 6.8% and peripheral blood smear showing many schistocytes, leading to a diagnosis of TTP. Patient refused plasmapheresis or
transfusion of blood products and was successfully treated with Rituximab and Cyclophosphamide with significant clinical improvement
and improved laboratory parameters; a platelet count of 248,000 lL1
and hemoglobin of 8.4 gm dL1. The current relapse was also treated
in similar fashion with Rituximab and IVIG.
Results: MRI showed multiple tiny acute ischemic changes in the left
middle cerebral artery distribution, likely due to the current relapse of
TTP. She showed significant improvement within few days.
Conclusion: Rituximab appears to be safe and effective, targeted therapy, especially in patients, where conventional treatement can not be
initiated due to various reasons, including religious beliefs. Its true role
in long term is still to be ascertained.
PO586-MON
Pathogenicity of anti-ADAMTS13 autoantibodies in
acquired TTP
Thomas M1, Groot RD2, Crawley J2 and Scully M3
1
Haematology, University College London; 2Haematology,
Imperial College London; 3Haematology, University College
Hospital, London, UK
Background: Acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)
is an autoimmune disease in which anti-ADAMTS13 autoantibodies
(auto-Ab) cause severe enzyme deficiency with ADAMTS13 activity
<10%.
Aims: To characterise the domain specificity and pathogenic mechanisms of anti-ADAMTS13 auto-Ab in acquired TTP.
Methods: We analysed 92 acquired TTP episodes at presentation
through treatment and remission/relapse using epitope mapping and
functional analyses.
Results: 89/92 (97%) episodes had auto-Ab recognising the ADAMTS13 N-terminal domains (MDTCS). The spacer domain was the only
N-terminal antigenic target detected. 38/92 (41%) episodes had autoAb recognising N-terminal domains alone; 54/92 (59%) had antibodies
against the C-terminal domains (26/92 against TSR2-8 domains and 28/
92 against CUB domains). Changes in auto-Ab specificity were evident
at relapse in 9/16 relapse patients. Functional analyses on IgG from 43
patients revealed inhibitory IgG were limited to anti-spacer domain
antibodies. However, 15/43 patients had autoantibodies with no detectable inhibitory action, suggesting a different pathogenic mechanism in
these patients. We therefore analysed plasma ADAMTS13 antigen levels. All 91 acquired TTP presentation samples exhibited markedly
reduced ADAMTS13 antigen levels, median 6% normal (range 0
47%), ADAMTS13 antigen in the lowest quartile (<1.4%) at first presentation was associated with increased mortality (odds ratio 5.7).
Conclusion: Anti-spacer domain autoantibodies are the major inhibitory antibodies in acquired TTP. However, depletion of ADAMTS13
antigen (rather than enzyme inhibition) is the prevailing pathogenic
mechanism in acquired TTP, and ADAMTS13 antigen levels at presentation have prognostic significance. Taken together, our results
provide new insights into the pathophysiology of acquired TTP.
Understanding the kinetics of antibody-mediated clearance of ADAMTS13 may provide opportunities for new treatment modalities to
be developed
474
ABSTRACTS
PO587-MON
Major clinical outcomes are similar between initial and
relapsed episodes of thrombotic thrombocytopenic
purpura
Yang S1, Geyer S2, Biller E1, Wu H1, Cataland SR3 and Wu HM1
1
Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus; 2Epidemiology,
University of South Florida, Tampa; 3Internal Medicine, Ohio
State University, Columbus, USA
Background: About 35% of TTP patients developed relapse episodes
after initial presentation. However, it is unclear if clinical and laboratory characteristics of relapses are significantly different from those in
the initial event. The data is important for guiding clinicians in managing TTP patients and to determine if it is appropriate to include the
relapsed episode into therapeutic trials.
Aims: Comparing clinical outcomes between initial (I) and relapsed
(R) episodes of TTP.
Methods: Between 2003 and 2014, OSU-TTP program treated 127 episodes of acute TTP from 67 patients. Of these, 49 were seen at OSU
for their initial and subsequent TTP episodes. The other 18 were
referred and treated at OSU for relapsed event(s). Laboratory/demographic data and treatment outcomes were analyzed in both I (n = 49)
and R (n = 78) episodes.
Results: There were no significant differences in the main clinical outcomes between the I and R groups in rates of treatment success
(P = 0.8), exacerbation(P = 0.9), refractory(P = 0.4), mortality
(P = 0.35), and in number of plasma exchange(PE) required to achieve
a clinical response(P = 0.7). Significant differences were not seen in a
majority of laboratory markers including creatinine, Hg, ADAMTS13
inhibitor, IgG, antigen levels, and complement markers(C4d, C3a,
C5a, C5b9, and Bb). However, I group showed severe laboratory
abnormalities in the platelet(I<R, P < 0.01), LDH(I>R, P < 0.01),
and ADAMTS13 activity(I<R, P = 0.04). R group is significantly
younger than I group(P < 0.01). When examining the impact of immunotherapy (IT), the patients who developed relapse while on recent IT
(n = 23) had a significantly lower rate of treatment success, more PEs
required, and higher exacerbation/relapse rate than the control events
(n = 92).
Conclusion: The major clinical outcomes between I and R episodes of
TTP are similar. For clinical trials, our data supports the strategy to
enroll patients with a relapsed event of TTP. However, the history of
IT must be considered as a major confounder during analysis.
PO588-MON
Activation of the complement system and reduction of
ADAMTS13 activity both precede clinical events of TTP
relapse
Yang S1, Cataland SR2, Wu H1, Jin M1, Wang Y3, Lundberg AS3
and Wu HM1
1
Pathology; 2Internal Medicine, Ohio State University,
Columbus; 3Alexion Pharmaceutical Inc, Cheshire, USA
Background: About 35% of patients with TTP experience clinical
relapse. There is a strong clinical need for biomarkers to monitor disease relapses and to treat patients preemptively.
Aims: Exploring the biomarkers predicting TTP relapse.
Methods: The OSU-TTP program has been following all TTP patients
throughout clinical remission with samples collected quarterly for
study until relapse occurred. 42 pre-relapse samples, defined as the
blood collected within 3 mo prior to TTP relapse, were obtained from
23 patients who had one or several subsequent relapses. Complement
biomarkers and ADAMTS13 activities were analyzed and compared
to the control samples from non-relapsers (n = 19) and the controls
from relapsers (n = 31) obtained from quarterly visits without a

relapse in the subsequent 3 mo.
Results: Complement biomarker and ADAMTS13 levels in pre-relapse
samples were significantly different from both control groups. The
median C3a (816 vs.187 ng mL1) and C5b-9 (440 vs. 265 ng mL1)
levels were significantly elevated in pre-relapse samples (P < 0.05 in
both). In contrast, the ADAMTS13 levels were significantly reduced
(P < 0.01, median 5% vs 43%). By ROC analysis, ADAMTS13 activity at <20%, C5b-9 at >310 ng mL1, or C3a at >300 ng mL1, would
correctly predict a clinical event of relapse in approximately 70% of
cases. When the pre-relapse samples were further analyzed according
to the time to relapse (i.e. 812 weeks, 48 weeks, 24 weeks, and
<2 weeks ), C3a, C5a, C5b-9, and factor Bb showed a clear trend of
elevation toward the time point of relapse with the highest values seen
at the interval of <2 weeks . However, ADAMTS13 activity level was
reduced to the lowest level 24 weeks prior to relapse.
Conclusion: Complement activation and ADAMTS13 activity are useful biomarkers to predict events of TTP relapse during period of clinical remission. The time-course study suggests that a significant fall in
ADAMTS13 activity may be a driving event that leads up to ULVWF,
thrombosis, complement activation and ultimately a TTP relapse.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Yang: None Declared, S. Cataland Grant/
Research Support from: Alexion Pharmaceutical Inc, Speaker Bureau
of: Alexion Pharmaceutical Inc, H. Wu: None Declared, M. Jin: None
Declared, Y. Wang: None Declared, A. Lundberg: None Declared, H.
Wu Grant/Research Support from: Alexion Pharmaceutical Inc,
Speaker Bureau of: Alexion Pharmaceutical Inc.
PO589-MON
Baseline demographics and characteristics of 570
patients with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome in
the global aHUS registry
Licht C1, Ardissino G2, Ariceta G3, Cohen DJ4, Gasteyger C5,
Greenbaum LA6, Johnson S7, Ogawa M8, Kupelian V8,
Schaefer F9, Walle JV10 and Fremeaux-Bacchi V11
1
The Hospital For Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; 2Fondazzione
IRCCS Ca Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy;
3
Hospital Universitari Vall dHebron, Barcelona, Spain;
4
Columbia University Medical Center, New York, USA; 5Alexion
Pharma International S
aRL, Lausanne, Switzerland; 6Emory
University, Atlanta, Georgia; 7Great North Childrens Hospital,
Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; 8Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc.,
Cheshire, USA; 9Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg,
Germany; 10University Hospital Ghent, Ghent, Belgium;
11
Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Paris, Service
dImmunologie Biologique, Hopital Europeen Georges
Pompidou, Paris, France
Background: Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a rare,
genetic, life-threatening disease mostly caused by chronic, uncontrolled complement activation that leads to thrombotic microangiopathy and renal and other end-organ damage. The aHUS Registry,
established in April 2012, is an observational, non-interventional, multicenter, global registry designed to collect information on patients
(pts) with aHUS. By facilitating the availability of the follow-up data
on the aHUS indication for eculizumab (ECU), the Registry fulfills
postmarketing regulatory requirements while also highlighting the
need for and benefit of a sponsor/academia partnership.
Aims: To report baseline demographics and clinical characteristics of
pts enrolled in the Registry as of December 18, 2014.
Methods: Pts of all ages with a clinical diagnosis of aHUS (irrespective
of treatment) are eligible for enrollment. An identified complement
abnormality is not required. Demographic, medical and disease his-
ABSTRACTS
tory, treatment, and efficacy and safety outcomes data are collected at
Registry enrollment and prospectively thereafter.
Results: By December 18, 2014, 570 pts were enrolled from 16 countries; 351 (61.6%) were 18 years of age. Mean (standard deviation)
age at initial symptoms and diagnosis was 22.4 (20.6) and 22.9 (20.6)
years, respectively. Family history of aHUS was reported by 106 pts
(18.6%). Prior to enrollment, plasma exchange/plasma infusion, dialysis, and renal transplantation were reported by 340 (59.6%), 334
(58.6%), and 109 pts (19.1%), respectively. ECU was administered to
303 pts (53.2%) before enrollment.
Conclusion: Following public disclosure of data from the last aHUS
Registry update, pt enrollment has continued to increase. Ongoing
and future analyses will further enhance understanding of the history
and progression of aHUS. Additional clinical sites are encouraged to
enroll pts to facilitate knowledge acquisition and optimization of pt
care and quality of life.
Disclosure of Interest: C. Licht Grant/Research Support from: Alexion
Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Consultant for: Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc.,
G. Ardissino Consultant for: Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc., G. Ariceta Grant/Research Support from: Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Consultant for: Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc., D. Cohen: None Declared,
C. Gasteyger Shareholder of: Alexion Pharma International SaRL,
Employee of: Alexion Pharma International SaRL, L. Greenbaum
Grant/Research Support from: Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Consultant for: Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc., S. Johnson Grant/Research
Support from: Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc., M. Ogawa Shareholder
of: Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Employee of: Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc., V. Kupelian Shareholder of: Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc.,
Employee of: Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc., F. Schaefer Consultant
for: Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc., J. Vande Walle Grant/Research
Support from: Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Consultant for: Alexion
Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Speaker Bureau of: Alexion Pharmaceuticals,
Inc., V. Fremeaux-Bacchi Consultant for: Alexion Pharmaceuticals,
Inc.
PO590-MON
A case of thrombotic microangiopathy with CFH gene
alterations that are not associated with atypical
hemolytic uremic syndrome
Oymak Y1, Karapinar TH2, Ay Y3, Serdaroglu E3, Muminoglu N4
and Vergin CR1
1
Pediatric Hematology, Dr. Behcet Uz Childrens Hospital;
2
PediatricHematology; 3Pediatric Hematology, Dr.Behcet Uz
Childrens Hospital; 4Pediatric Hematology, Dr. Behcet Uz
Chidrens Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
Background: Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a rare
disorder characterized by thrombotic microangiopathy (MAHA).
Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome is a mutigenic disorder. Among
the genes that are associated with aHUS, CFH gene mutations are the
most common genetic cause of the disease.There are several specific
gene mutations identified in the aHUS patients. In this study, we present a case with MAHA symptoms.
The patient is a five -years-old boy. He had clinics of MAHA. He had
microangiopathic hemolysis with 10% shistocytes and polychromasia
in the blood smear. According to blood smear and other MAHA
symptoms, firstly plasmapheresis was started for 20 weeks. Then treatment was continued with eculizumab (once a week, 600 mg). Although
the patient had MAHA symptoms, he didnt have renal insuffuciency. Therefore, in order to confirm clinical the diagnosis CFH gene
analysis was required.
Aims: The purpose of the study was to perform CFH gene mutation
analysis to confirm the clinical diagnosis.
Methods: CFH gene was screened for a muatation by direct DNA
sequencing analysis of the CFH gene.
475
Results: ADAMTS13 activity was normal, the antibody was negative.

DNA sequencing analysis revealed that the patients is homozygous for
p.His402Tyr, heterozygous for p.Ala307Ala and p. Ala473Ala SNPs
in the CFH gene .
Conclusion: CFH gene variations that were identified in our case have
not been asssociated with aHUS. P.His402Tyr is located in the functional domain of the protein and previously identified in aHUS
patients together with a specific CFH gene mutations. On the other
hand, these polymorphisms were only CFH gene variations identified
without any specific CFH gene mutations associated with aHUS.
P.His402Tyr hasbeen associeted with age related macular degeneration
as well. Since the location of the P.His402Tyr in the functional domain
of the protein, it might have a pathogenic effect for aHUS patients.
Therefore, larger aHUS patient population should be screened for
p.His402Tyr SNP to validate its patogenecity.
PO591-MON
Severe first manifestation of TTP in a 96-year-old
female
Munder M1, van den Abeelen L2, Hardt R2, von Auer C1,
Pretzell I1, Shresthna A3 and Scharrer I1
1
Hematology, University Medical Center; 2KKM; 3Institute of
Clinical Chemistry, Mainz, Germany
Background: Middle age and female gender are well-known risk factors
for acquired TTP: Aims: We report the case of a 96-year-old, very spry
and independently-living female who came to her general practitioner
because of suddenly developed anomia and epistaxis.
Methods: Laboratory findings: thrombocytopenia of 5.900, Hb of
7.1 g dL1, schistocytes 57 & and an increased LDH level of 436
U L1. 3 weeks earlier, all blood values had been found to be normal
when examined by the general practitioner.
Results: Because of strongly suspected TTP, the patient was immediately admitted to our hospital.
Supplementary laboratory values::
Liver values: regular
Creatinine: increased to 1.6 mg dL1 (normal value: < 1.1 mg dL1)
Troponin: increased to 5388 pg mL1 (normal value: < 24 pg mL1)
ADAMTS 13 activity: 1.2% (normal value: > 50%)
ADAMTS 13 inhibitor: 1.8 BU
The patient was instantly treated with plasma exchange. Cerebral
haemorrhage as well as ischaemia and cerebral oedema could be
excluded after repeated CCTs, also a cardiac infarction.
Pre-existing conditions: Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and a well-controlled hypertension.
Medication: Phenprocoumon (INR 1.41 at admission), Ranolazin
375 mg, Torasemid 5 mg.
Conclusion: Our 96-year-old patient suffered from a sudden TTP bout.
This case report demonstrates that TTP can also occur in very old persons. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first published case
report on TTP in a very old patient.
476
ABSTRACTS
PO592-MON
Genotype and phenotype features of congenital
thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura patients (milan
TTP registry)
PO593-MON
Neurological and psychological consequences after
recovery from thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
(TTP)
Cairo A1, Mancini I1, Casoli G1, Artoni A1, Ferrari B1, Wu H2 and
Peyvandi F1,3
1
Milan, Italy; 2Department of Pathology, The Ohio State
University, Columbus, OH, USA; 3Department of
Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Universit
a degli Studi di
Milano, Milan, Italy
Schmitt V1, Herold S2, Weyer V3, Auer CV2, Rossmann H1,
Lackner K1, Scharrer I2, L
ammle B4 and Falter T1
1
Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine;
2
Department of Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology;
3
Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics;
4
Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical
Center Of The Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
Background: Congenital thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)

is a rare life-threatening disease due to mutations in ADAMTS13
gene.
Aims: To describe the clinical severity of congenital TTP patients
referred to our centre from 2002 to 2014.
Methods: Patients with a diagnosis of congenital TTP and mutations
on ADAMTS13 gene were identified from the Milan TTP registry.
Data were collected using a standardized questionnaire. Signs and
symptoms of acute TTP were classified into 3 major categories: bleeding events, neurological and renal involvement. Patients with available
plasma collected during remission at least 15 days from the last fresh
frozen plasma (FFP) infusion were tested for ADAMTS13 residual
activity using a highly sensitive method (SELDI-TOF-MS). The association of ADAMTS13 activity with clinical presentation was studied
by regression analysis.
Results: Data on 21 unrelated congenital TTP patients were analyzed.
We identified 30 mutations (22 missense, 6 Ins/del, 1 splice site, 1 nonsense), 8 of which novel. Median age at disease onset was 7 years
(range: 055 years), with 15 (71%) patients manifesting recurrent TTP
episodes. Neonatal jaundice/thrombocytopenia were reported in 8
(38%) patients. Bleeding events were observed in 16 (80%) patients,
with 2 (10%) patients presenting intracranial hemorrhage, neurological involvement in 12 (60%) and renal involvement in 10 (50%). Fever,
jaundice, abdominal pain and vomiting/diarrhea were present in 12
(60%), 8 (40%), 5 (25%) and 4 (20%) patients. Twelve (57%) patients
were on FFP prophylaxis. Median ADAMTS13 residual activity was
0.9% (range: <0.55.9%, n = 13). Regression analysis revealed a
potential association of residual ADAMTS13 activity with platelet
count (beta 2.5, 95% CI 0.035.06) and occurrence of bleeding
events (OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.121.12).
Conclusion: Clinical presentation in congenital TTP is highly variable.
Higher levels of residual ADAMTS13 activity seemed to be associated
with higher platelet count and decreased occurrence of bleeding
events.
Disclosure of Interest: A. Cairo: None Declared, I. Mancini: None
Declared, G. Casoli: None Declared, A. Artoni: None Declared, B.
Ferrari: None Declared, H. Wu: None Declared, F. Peyvandi Grant/
Research Support from: Alexion, Bayer, Biotest, Kedrion Biopharma,
Novo Nordisk, Consultant for: Grifols, Kedrion Biopharma, LFB,
Octapharma, Speaker Bureau of: Alexion, Baxter, Bayer, Biotest, CSL
Behring, Grifols, Novo Nordisk.
Background: Neurological and psychological abnormalities are common in patients who have experienced an acute TTP episode. In TTP
phases of acute illness alternate with relatively symptom-free phases of
remission.
Aims: Aim of the study was to investigate the risk of a cognitive deficit,
depression and an anxiety disorder in consequence of TTP.
Methods: One hundred TTP patients were analyzed twice in a two year
period or at time of the initial diagnosis by means of different questionnaires. We used 2 standardized questionnaires to evaluate depression (IDS-SR, Inventory of depressive symptomatology-self-report)
and to examine mental performance (FLei, Fragebogen zur subjektiven Einschatzung der geistigen Leistungsfahigkeit). Additionally we
developed a TTP-specific anxiety questionnaire.
Results: Seventy percent of the patients suffered from depression. At
the time of consultation only 7.2% received psychotherapy. Patients
who had their last TTP episode within the past year suffer obviously
more from depression than patients with no bout in the past year
(P = 0.055). In contrast, there is no correlation between depression
and the frequency or severity of the acute episode. Mental performance (executive function, memory, attention) correlates strongly with
the severity of depression (Spearman: 0.696). For controls and patients
with depression our results are in accordance with the literature. In a
separate study we developed a specific questionnaire (TAF) to analyze
anxieties of TTP patients. TAF was validated in 120 controls describing anxiety during daily life, treatment, acute TTP bouts and other diseases. The TTP collective exhibited significant more anxiety disorders
compared to the control group.
Conclusion: TTP patients suffer from depression, anxiety disorders as
well as cognitive disturbances, especially during the first year after
recovery of an acute episode. Furthermore, we assume that the cognitive disturbances are the consequence of depression and anxiety, independently of TTP episodes.
Disclosure of Interest: V. Schmitt: None Declared, S. Herold: None
Declared, V. Weyer: None Declared, C. Von Auer: None Declared, H.
Rossmann: None Declared, K. Lackner: None Declared, I. Scharrer:
None Declared, B. Lammle Grant/Research Support from: Baxter
Healthcare, T. Falter: None Declared.
diagnosis I
PO594-MON
The new clinical prediction score for diagnosis of lower
limb deep vein thrombosis in unselected population of
outpatients and inpatients
Sermsathanasawadi N
Surgery, Faculty Of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol
Background: The modified Wells score and the Wells score could be
useful in prediction of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the outpatients;
ABSTRACTS
however, the accuracy of the scores in the unselected population of
outpatients and inpatients was inaccurate.
Aims: To develop a new clinical prediction score for diagnosis of lower
limb DVT in unselected population of outpatients and inpatients.
Methods: We developed a new score by multivariate analysis of consecutive 500 outpatients and inpatients with clinically suspected of
lower limb DVT addressed to the DVT consultation. The new score
was validated and compared with the other score in the new consecutive 315 outpatients and inpatients.
Results: From the derivation sample of 500 outpatients and inpatients,
the new four-component score was developed as follows: unilateral
lower limb pain (+1), confinement to bed more than three days(+1),
calf enlargement of more than 3 cm compared to the other sites(+1),
and previous venous thromboembolism(+1). A total score of 2 or more
meant high probability while a score less than 2 meant low probability
for DVT. In the validation sample of 315 outpatients and inpatients,
the new score identified 106 patients who had a high probability of
DVT, of whom 58 (54.7%) had DVT. In 209 patients who had a low
probability, of whom 23 (11.0%) had DVT. The area under the ROC
curve was 0.79 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.740.85) for the new
score. A normal D-dimer result had a negative predictive value of
96.43% (95% CI: 81.65% 99.91%) for the exclusion of DVT when
there is low probability for the DVT by the new score.
Conclusion: Our new four-component prediction score might be useful
in unselected population of outpatients and inpatients being evaluated
for DVT. When using the new score with D-dimer test, negative Ddimer test in low probability group could be the rule out test for DVT
in unselected population of outpatients and inpatients.
PO595-MON
Over-representation of severe subclavian vein
occlusion in the affected arm, compared with the
contralateral arm, in patients with unprovoked
unilateral upper extremity deep vein thrombosis
Ning S1, Rebello R2, Chan AKC3,4 and Chan HHW4,5
1
Medicine, University Of Toronto, Toronto; 2Diagnostic Imaging;
3
Pediatrics, McMaster University; 4TAARI, DBCVSRI; 5Medicine,
Background: It is controversial whether subclavian vein occlusion in
the thoracic outlet is the etiology of upper extremity deep vein thrombosis (UEDVT) because normal persons may have similar radiological
abnormalities. Since most patients only presented with unilateral arm
thrombosis, the contralateral non-thrombotic arm provides a paired
control to examine the causative association between UEDVT and
subclavian vein occlusion in the costoclavicular (CC) space.
Aims: With bilateral contrast-enhanced 3D magnetic resonance angiography (cMRA), we evaluated the arms in provocative posture and
then compared the affected arm with ones own contralateral arm for
the degree of vessel occlusion in patients with UEDVT after the acute
thrombus has resolved.
Methods: Eight patients with unprovoked UEDVTs from 2012 to 2014
were consecutively imaged with cMRA in abducted and adducted
positions. No intraluminal thrombus was noted. The distance between
the cortex of the 1st rib to the underside of the subclavius muscle was
defined as CC space. From each side in each position, the following
four parameters were measured: vein caliber, artery caliber, CC space
for vein (CCv), and CC space for artery (CCa).
Results: In resting (adducted) position, none of the patients had complete occlusion of the blood vessels. However, all patients had narrower CC spaces (55% 82% reduction) or smaller vessel diameters
(56% 100% less) in abducted position, consistent with bilateral thoracic outlet obstruction. The vein caliber in all patients had either
100% occlusion (n = 7) or more severe compression than the control
477
arm (n = 1). Yet, only 4 patients had complete occlusion of the vein in
the control arm and none of the CCv, CCa, nor artery caliber had
100% occlusion, either in the lesion or the control arm.
Conclusion: Complete compression of subclavian vein in the abducted
arm having UEDVT is more common than the contralateral, nonaffected arm suggesting a causative association between venous compression and the development of thrombosis.
PO596-MON
The performance of the age-adjusted d-dimer
threshold for suspected pulmonary embolism in
relevant subgroups: an individual patient data metaanalysis of 7000 patients
van Es N1, van der Hulle T2, van Es J1, den Exter PL2,
Douma RA1, Goekoop RJ3, Mos IC2, Kamphuisen PW4,
ller HR1
Bossuyt PM5, Huisman MV2, Klok FA2 and Bu
1
Amsterdam; 2Department of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Leiden
University Medical Center, Leiden; 3Department of Internal
Medicine, HagaZiekenhuis, The Hague; 4Department of Vascular
Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen;
5
Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics,
Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Background: It has recently been demonstrated that pulmonary embolism (PE) can safely be excluded based on the combination of a Wells
score indicating PE unlikely and a D-dimer below an age-adjusted Ddimer threshold (age x 10 in lg L1) in patients older than 50 years
(Righini et al., JAMA, 2014). However, it is unknown whether the performance also applies to relevant subgroups.
Aims: To evaluate the performance of the age-adjusted D-dimer
threshold overall and in subgroups of patients with COPD, age
75 years, cancer, previous VTE, and inpatients.
Methods: Individual patient data were used from 5 large prospective
studies in which the diagnostic management of PE was guided by the
Wells rule and D-dimer testing. A random effects meta-analysis was
performed to calculate the performance of the age-adjusted D-dimer
threshold in excluding PE in patients > 50 years with an unlikely Wells
score, compared against the conventional threshold, overall and in the
predefined subgroups.
Results: The dataset comprised 7027 patients of whom 4527 (64.4%)
were older than 50 years. The PE prevalence in these patients was
26.8%. In patients > 50 years with a Wells score indicating PE unlikely, PE could have been excluded in 25% with the age-adjusted Ddimer threshold compared to 18% with the conventional D-dimer
threshold (absolute increase 6.7%, 95% CI 4.59.7%). This performance was most prominent in patients with COPD (12%, 95% CI 9
15%) and elderly patients (13%, 95% CI 820%), and modest in
patients with cancer (6%, 95% CI 48%), previous VTE (4%, 95% CI
27%), and inpatients (4%, 95% CI 36%).
Conclusion: Applying the age-adjusted D-dimer threshold increases the
proportion of patients with suspected PE that can be managed without
CT-scanning by approximately one third. The performance of an ageadjusted D-dimer cut-off is highest in patients with COPD and elderly
patients, and less prominent in patients with cancer, previous VTE,
and inpatients.
478
ABSTRACTS
PO597-MON
A simple decision rule including the D-dimer test to
reduce the need for CT-scanning in patients with
suspected pulmonary embolism
Van Es J1, Beenen LF2, Douma RA1, den Exter PL3, Mos IC3,
Kaasjager KH4, Huisman MV3, Kamphuisen PW5 and
Bossuyt PM6
1
vascular medicine; 2Radiology, Academic Medical Center,
Amsterdam; 3Section of thrombosis and hemostasis, Leiden
University Medical Center, Leiden; 4Internal Medicine, Rijnstate
Hospital, Arnhem; 5Vascular Medicine, University Medical
Center Groningen, Groningen; 6Clinical Epidemiology,
Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Academic Medical Center,
Background: An unlikely clinical decision rule with a negative D-dimer
test result safely excludes pulmonary embolism (PE) in 30% of presenting patients.
Aims: To simplify this diagnostic approach and to increase its efficiency.
Methods: Data of 723 consecutive patients with suspected PE were
analysed. After constructing a logistic regression model with the Ddimer test result and items from Wells rule, we identified the most prevalent combinations of influential items and selected new D-dimer positivity thresholds. The performance was validated in a dataset
including 2785 consecutive patients with suspected PE.
Results: Three Wells items significantly added incremental value to the
D-dimer test (22% PE prevalence): haemoptysis, signs of deep vein
thrombosis and PE most likely. Based on the most frequent combinations of these three items, we identified two groups: (1) none of these
three items positive (41%), (2) one or more of these items positive
(59%). When applying a 1000 lg L1 D-dimer threshold in group 1
and 500 lg L1 in group 2, PE could be excluded without CT-scanning in 36%, at a false-negative rate of 1.2% (95%: 0.043.3%). In the
validation set, these proportions were 46% and 1.9% (95% CI 1.2
2.7%), respectively. Using the conventional Wells rule with a normal
D-dimer result, these rates were respectively 22% and 0.6% (95% CI
0.102.4%).
Conclusion: Combining Wells items with the D-dimer test resulted in a
simplified decision rule, which reduced the need for CT-scanning in
patients with suspected PE. A prospective evaluation is required before
it can be implemented in clinical practice.
PO598-MON
Accuracy of X-ray with perfusion scan in young
patients with suspected pulmonary embolism
Van Es J1, Douma RA1, Hezemans RE2, Penaloza A3, Motte S4,
Erkens PG5, Durian MF6, van Eck-Smit BL2 and Kamphuisen PW7
1
Vascular Medicine; 2Nuclear Medicine, Academic Medical
Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; 3Emergency Medicine,
Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc; 4internal medicine, Erasme
Hospital, Brussels, Belgium; 5School for Public Health and
Primary Care CAPHRI, Maastricht University Medical Center,
Maastricht; 6internal medicine, Erasmus Hospital, Rotterdam;
7
vascular medicine, University Medical Center Groningen,
Background: Computed tomography pulmonary angiogram (CTPA)
has become the standard test in the diagnostic workup of patients with
suspected pulmonary embolism (PE). However, young patients may
have an increased risk of cancer with CTPA. Perfusion scanning com-
bined with chest X-ray (X/Q) may offer an adequate alternative, but
has never been prospectively validated.
Aims: To directly compare this X/Q strategy with CTPA in patients
aged 50 years with suspected PE.
Methods: Consecutive patients with a likely clinical probability or an
abnormal D-dimer level underwent both CTPA and X/Q. Two trained
and experienced nuclear physicians independently analyzed the X/Qscans. The accuracy of X/Q according to the PISAPED criteria was
calculated in terms of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value
(PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV).
Results: Seventy-six patients were included, with a PE rate of 33%.
The inter-observer agreement for X/Q-scan reading was high (j=0.89).
After consensus reading, 21 patients (28%) were categorized as PE
present, 53 (70%) as PE absent, and two (2.6%) as non-diagnostic.
In 22% was a discrepancy between the X/Q-scan and CPTA. The PPV
and NPV were 71% and 83%, respectively.
Conclusion: In patients with a high risk of PE, a diagnostic strategy of
chest X-ray and perfusion scanning using the PISAPED criteria seems
less safe than CTPA.
PO599-MON
Development of elisa system for detection of protein S
K196E mutation, a genetic risk factor for venous
thromboembolism
Maruyama K1, Akiyama M1, Kokame K1, Sekiya A2, Morishita E2
and Miyata T1
1
Department of Molecular Pathogenesis, National Cerebral and
Cardiovascular Center, Suita; 2Department of Clinical Laboratory
Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa
University, Kanazawa, Japan
Background: Protein S (PS) is an anticoagulant protein that acts as a
cofactor for activated protein C. PS K196E (Lys196 to Glu, Tokushima) mutation is a prevalent genetic risk factor for venous thromboembolism in a Japanese population, with odds ratio between 3.7 and 8.5.
The E-allele frequency is approximately 0.9% in the Japanese population. Because of the substantial overlap in PS anticoagulant activity
between wild-type (KK) and heterozygous K196E (KE) genotypes of
PS, it is difficult to identify K196E carriers by measuring PS anticoagulant activity.
Aims: We sought to generate monoclonal antibodies specific for the PS
K196E mutant and develop a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the identification of PS K196E carriers.
Methods: We immunized GANP mice with a keyhole limpet hemocyanin-conjugated synthetic peptide with Glu196 (CKNGFVMLSNE).
The hybridoma cells (1672 clones) were screened for the binding ability
of their producing antibodies to the recombinant EGF14 domains
(Ile117Glu283) of the PS K196E mutant. We measured 33 plasma
samples (25 with KK and 8 with KE genotypes) by a sandwich ELISA
system, in which polyclonal anti-PS and the PS K196E mutation-specific monoclonal antibodies were used as capture and detection antibodies, respectively.
Results: We obtained three hybridoma cell lines producing PS K196E
mutation-specific antibodies. All 8 KE plasma samples showed significantly higher absorbance at 450 nm than 25 KK plasma samples
(absorbance range: KE, 0.301.00; KK, 0.000.04). Furthermore, the
KE samples derived from a warfarin-treated individual and a pregnant
individual also showed significantly higher absorbance than all KK
samples examined (absorbance: warfarin, 0.30; pregnancy, 0.37).
Conclusion: We developed an ELISA system for detecting a PS K196E
mutant in plasma. This system will be a useful tool for the rapid identification of PS K196E carriers instead of genetic analysis.
ABSTRACTS
PO600-MON
Modified computer-assisted strain gauge
plethysmography as a simple screening test for
patients with suspected deep vein thrombosis: a cohort
study
Hughes AS1, Hall B1, Jennings K1, Webb V1, Page G1, Smith C1
and Charova F2
1
Community Services Haematology, North East London
Foundation Trust, Brentwood; 2Radiology, Mid Essex Hospitals
Trust, Chelmsford, UK
Background: We have previously evaluated Strain Gauge Plethysmography (SGP) as a simple screening test for suspected deep vein thrombosis (DVT) against whole leg compression ultrasound (CUS). A
negative SGP was highly predictive of a negative CUS and could
decrease the need for whole leg CUS from 69% to 48%.
Aims: To evaluate SGP with proximal CUS to determine whether a
negative SGP could similarly decrease the need for proximal CUS,
which is costly.
Methods: During 13 months from September 2013 we performed SGP
on a cohort of 236 patients presenting to a single community clinic
with suspected DVT. We used the diagnostic algorithm recommended
by the UK National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence
(NICE Clinical Guideline 144, 2012) using a 2-level Wells score and a
point of care quantitative d-dimer (cardiac d-dimer). Proximal CUS
was carried out as per the NICE algorithm. SGP was carried out but
the results were not used to influence the diagnostic pathway. All
patients discharged with a DVT excluded had a 3-month follow up to
determine the incidence of DVT in this group. The follow up rate was
93% (11/236 not contactable). The primary endpoint was proximal
DVT.
Results: 156 (66%) patients with a negative SGP either had a negative
CUS or, if they did not have a CUS on clinical grounds, had no DVT
at 3-month follow up. 69 patients had a positive SGP. 14 had DVTs
on CUS and 55 had either a negative CUS (46) or no DVT at 3-month
follow up (9). Sensitivity and Negative Predictive Value were both
100% (95% CI 77100% and 96100% respectively). DVT prevalence
was 6%. A negative SGP was highly predictive for no proximal DVT,
with no false negatives. The rate of CUS scanning in the study was
63%. If patients with a negative SGP had not been scanned with CUS,
the CUS scanning rate would have been 31%, a decrease of 51%.
Conclusion: GP is sensitive to rule out proximal DVT and can improve
the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of suspected DVT screening when
proximal CUS is used in the diagnostic process.
PO601-MON
Modified strain gauge plethysmography can decrease
the need for compression ultrasonography in patients
with suspected deep vein thrombosis: a retrospective
multicentre cohort study
Hughes AS1, Hall B1, Strong J2, Clarke-Drury R2, Bennett M3,
Hooton L3, Muttucumaru N4 and Muttucumaru T4
1
Foundation Trust, Brentwood; 2Haematology, University
Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester; 3Acute Medicine,
Southport & Ormskirk Hospital NHS Trust, Southport; 4Primary
Care, NHS Chorley & South Ribble CCG, Chorley, UK
Background: About 15% of patients with suspected deep vein thrombosis (DVT) have a compression ultrasound (CUS) confirmed clot.
Screening with a clinical decision rule and a d-dimer (DD) can exclude
a DVT in approximately 1/3rd. 2/3rds will still require a CUS that
479
may be normal in up to 75%, which is costly. Previous single centre

studies have shown that strain gauge plethysmography (SGP) has a
negative predictive value (NPV) for DVT of 97% and could decrease
the need for CUS. A recent single centre study by one of us (AH),
using modified SGP, showed a NPV for proximal DVT of 100% and a
potential reduction in CUS from 69% to 48%.
Aims: To further evaluate the efficacy of SGP in DVT screening in a
multicentre cohort of patients.
Methods: A retrospective multicenter cohort study was carried out on
547 patients presenting with suspected DVT to 2 hospital and 2 community-based services. SGP was performed in addition to screening
with a 2-level Wells score and a quantitative laboratory or point of
care DD. CUS was carried out according to local protocols. 3-month
follow up (3-MFU) was carried out on all patients discharged with a
DVT excluded. The primary endpoint was proximal DVT.
Results: 377 patients with a negative SGP had either a negative CUS
or no DVT at 3-MFU in patients who on clinical criteria did not have
CUS (true negative). 4 patients with a negative SGP had proximal
DVTs (false negative). Of 160 patients with a positive SGP, 56 had a
positive CUS (true positive). 104 had either a negative CUS or no
DVT at 3-MFU in those who had no CUS as above (false positive).
Sensitivity was 92% (95% CI 8298%) with a NPV of 99% (95% CI
9799.7%). DVT prevalence was 10%. The CUS scanning rate was
73%. If patients with a negative SGP had not been scanned the scanning rate would have decreased by 59% to 30%.
Conclusion: A negative SGP is highly predictive of a negative CUS for
proximal DVT and its additional use in DVT screening could significantly decrease the need for CUS in primary and secondary care.
PO602-MON
Ultrasoud diagnostic criteria and clot diameters of
isolated distal deep venous thrombosis
Sartori M1, Lessiani G2, Favaretto E3, Migliaccio L3, Iotti M4,
Ghirarduzzi A4 and Cosmi B3
1
Department of Angiology and Blood Coagulation, Azienda
Ospedaliero-Universitaria Di Bologna, Bologna; 2Casa di Cura
Villa Serena, Citt
a SantAngelo, Pescara; 3Department of
Angiology and Blood Coagulation, University Hospital S. OrsolaMalpighi, Bologna; 4U.O.C. Medicina II-Angiologia-Centro
Ipertensione, Arcispedale S.Maria Nuova-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia,
Italy
Background: Isolated distal deep vein thrombosis (IDDVT) is a frequent finding in symptomatic outpatients, but the ultrasound diagnostic criteria for IDDVT are still uncertain. It has been proposed that
only clots 5 mm in diameter under compression may be considered
as IDDVT.
Aims: To assess clot characteristics and the rate of recanalization after
antithrombotic treatment during the acute phase of IDDVT.
Methods: In a prospective, multicenter study we enrolled 104 symptomatic outpatients (age 68 14 y, male 39%) in whom a complete
real-time B-mode and color Doppler ultrasonography examination
revealed an IDDVT. The following veins were scanned transversally
over their entire length: posterior tibial veins, fibular veins, internal
and external gastrocnemius veins, and soleal veins. The degree of
occlusion was measured as diameter of the clot during maximal compression. Patients were treated with low molecular weight heparins for
68 weeks and then ultrasonography examination was repeated.
Results: Thrombosis confined only to the muscle veins was detected in
75 patients, axial veins in 23 patients, and 6 patients had both muscular and axial calf thrombosis. A total of 195 clots were found with a
diameter of 5.3 1.9 mm (IQR 46.5 mm). Only 52% of patients had
a clot diameter 5 mm, whereas 98% of patients had a clot diameter2.5 mm. Mean Clot diameters were 6.2 1.9 mm for posterior
480
ABSTRACTS
tibial veins, 4.7 1.8 mm for fibular veins, 5.2 1.8 mm for internal
gastrocnemius veins, 4.9 1.7 mm for external gastrocnemius veins,
and 5.6 2.2 mm for soleal veins. A complete recanalization after
heparin treatment was found in 66% of patients and was not correlated with clot diameter.
Conclusion: In everyday clinical practice the criteria for IDDVT diagnosis are variable being only half the patients with a clot diameter
5 mm.
PO603-MON
Outcome of screening for occult malignancy in
patients presenting with unprovoked venous
thromboembolism at a large tertiary hospital in central
London
Mwirigi A, McDonald V, Glaves R, Young J, Shapiro S, Hunt B and
Breen K
Haemostasis and Thrombosis, Guys and St Thomas NHS
Foundation Trust, London, UK
Background: It is thought that up to 20% of first venous thromboembolic events (VTE) are associated with an underlying cancer 15.The
National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence in England, Clinical Guideline 144 (NICE CG144) recommends that patients over
40 years old, presenting with the first unprovoked VTE are screened
for occult malignancy6.
Aims: The aim of our study was to determine the incidence of malignancy after screening of patients managed in an ambulatory setting
following a first unprovoked VTE.
Methods: A retrospective review of medical records of patients presenting to our service with VTE between 1st January 2013 to 31st December 2014 was performed. Patients with unprovoked VTE over 40 years
old were identified and outcomes of cancer screening investigations as
recommended by NICE CG144 (clinical history and examination, full
blood count, renal and liver function, PSA for men, mammography in
women, chest x-ray, ultrasound abdomen CT abdomen/pelvis as
indicated) were reviewed.
Results: 239 patients with VTE were managed in our ambulatory service. Out of 189 over 40 years, 58 had unprovoked VTE (35 males, 23
females; median age 54; range 40 86 years). 42 had deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and 16 had pulmonary emboli (PE).
All patients with unprovoked VTE underwent cancer screening as recommended by NICE CG144. 2/58 (3.4%) patients were found to have
a malignancy; both were cases of lung cancer in heavy smokers who
had abnormal chest X-rays. Screening prompted additional investigations in 7 cases; 3 abdominal MRI scans, one gynaecology review, 2
colonoscopies and one breast biopsy, none of which yielded a diagnosis of malignancy.
Conclusion: Given the low yield of the extensive screening tests performed, further evidence is required to establish the utility of screening
for occult malignancy in patients with unprovoked VTE. In addition,
screening for malignancy may lead to further unnecessary testing;
increasing cost and unnecessarily causing anxiety to patients.
epidemiology I
PO604-MON
A prospective study of venous thromboembolism
incidence and risk factors in severe sepsis and septic
shock
Kaplan D1, Casper C2, Kraiss LW3, Weyrich AS1,4, Grissom CK1,5,
Men S4, Pendleton RC1, Zimmerman GA1 and Rondina MT1,4,6
1
Internal Medicine; 2Study Design and Biostatistics Center;
3
Vascular Surgery; 4Molecular Medicine, University of Utah, Salt
Lake City; 5Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Intermountain
Medical Center, Murray; 6Internal Medicine, George E. Wahlen
VAMC, Salt Lake City, USA
Background: Sepsis is characterized by dysregulated activation of the
hemostatic system, promoting thrombotic events that contribute to
organ failure and death. Nevertheless, prospective studies on VTE
incidence and risk factors during sepsis remain absent.
Aims: We sought to determine VTE incidence, risk factors, and outcomes in septic patients.
Methods: We prospectively studied consecutively enrolled patients
(n = 113) with severe sepsis or septic shock in three hospitals. Patients
provided informed consent. IRB approval was obtained. Patients
underwent comprehensive venous duplex compression ultrasonography (CUS) prior to discharge and were also followed for symptomatic
deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE), and all-cause
mortality. Multivariate regression analyses identified risk factors for
VTE.
Results: The mean APACHE II score was 18.2 7, age was
50 18 years, and 28-day mortality was 21%. All patients received
guideline-recommended VTE prophylaxis (80.5% received chemoprophylaxis and 19.5% received mechanical prophylaxis due to a contraindication). 37.2% of patients developed VTE and the majority of
events (76%) were symptomatic. 64% of VTE events were proximal
DVT and/or symptomatic PE. An indwelling central venous catheter
(CVC, OR 2.82, 95% CI 1.077.38) and the duration of mechanical
ventilation (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.001.29) were significantly associated
with VTE. Patients with VTE had a significantly longer ICU length of
stay (13.3 vs 18.5 days) and higher 28-day mortality (28.6% vs.
16.6%).
Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first prospective multicenter
study specifically investigating VTE incidence and risk factors in septic
patients. VTE occurred in almost 40% of patients despite universal,
guideline-recommended prophylaxis. VTE was associated with
increased ICU length of stay and mortality. Dysregulated hemostasis
in sepsis may contribute to thrombosis and more effective VTE prevention strategies are needed. Early extubation and removing CVCs
may prevent VTE in septic patients.
PO605-MON
Venous thromboembolism in northeast melbourne,
Australia: evaluation of epidemiology, risk factors and
treatment strategies in the warfarin era
Ho P1, Lim HY2, Chua C3, Sleeman M3 and Hayes L1
1
Haematology, Northern Health; 2Haematology, Austin Health;
3
Medicine, Northern Health, Melbourne, Australia
Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major cause of
morbidity and mortality. While most studies have analysed specific
aspects of VTE.
ABSTRACTS
Aims: We aim to provide a holistic evaluation of local VTE management in the warfarin era.
Methods: Retrospective evaluation of VTE from July 2011 to December 2012 at Austin and Northern Health, Melbourne including demographics, provoking factors, management, complications and
mortality.
Results: 1029 episodes were identified including 26 recurrences 577
(56%) pulmonary embolism (PE), 428 (42%) deep venous thrombosis
(DVT). Median age was 63 years with male predominance (52%),
including in the DVT subgroup (57% vs 48%, P = 0.003) although
there was no gender difference for PE. 20% reported prior VTE. Left
limb DVT was more common (49% vs 43%, P = 0.0008). 247 patients
(24.6%) had cancer and were excluded from analysis. In non-cancer
patients, 63% had provoked VTE and thrombophilia screen was performed in 41%. The median duration of anticoagulation was 6 and
7 months for DVT and PE respectively. The majority (90%) was on
warfarin for long-term anticoagulation. 5% required further interventions IVC filter (n = 28) and thrombolysis (n = 15). 38% had end-oftreatment repeat imaging and residual clot was observed in 40%. Clot
persistence was associated with increased recurrence risk (P < 0.001).
8% had recurrent thrombosis with no difference between provoked vs.
unprovoked VTE (7.5% vs 9.0%, P = 0.45). 5% reported grade III/IV
bleeding, independent of duration of anticoagulation. Patients on Enoxaparin had higher risk of bleeding (28% vs 10%, P < 0.001). The
mortality rate in this non-cancer cohort was 11%.
Conclusion: VTE is associated with a significant mortality rate (11%)
in non-cancer patients. Risk factors for recurrence identified include
residual clot on repeat imaging. Evaluation of predictive and preventive factors of new thrombosis remains a crucial challenge. This data
will serve as an important baseline for future comparison in the new
era of novel oral anticoagulants.
PO606-MON
Low incidence of deep vein thrombosis after total knee
arthroplasty in an Asian population
Chan SSW1, Loh JLM2, Mel SD1, Chew DCH3, Wong KL4 and
Yap ES1
1
Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute,
Singapore; 2Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National
University of Singapore; 3Internal Medicine; 4Orthopaedics,
National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
Background: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the lower limbs is an
important complication post total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Current
guidelines recommend routine chemical prophylaxis to all patients
undergoing this procedure but this is rarely done in Asia as it is
believed that Asians have a lower risk of VTE. However, recent evidence suggest otherwise.
Aims: We evaluated the incidence of DVT after TKA in a multi-ethnic
Asian population, as well as the management and outcome of patients
with post-surgery DVTs.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of consecutive patients
who underwent TKA in our hospital from 1st January 2004 to 30th
June 2012. It was mandated that all patients after TKA be put on
mechanical calf pumps with a post-operative day 3 to 5 doppler ultrasound (DUS) of bilateral lower limbs. Patients were followed up for a
period of 3 months.
Results: There were a total of 1885 patients (1359 Chinese, 207 Malays,
271 Indians, 28 Caucasians, 20 others). 1783 (94.6%) patients has
DUS of the lower limbs with 144 diagnosed with DVT, giving an incidence of 8.1%. There were 23 (16.0%) proximal DVTs and 121
(84.0%) distal DVTs. There were 12 (8.5%) symptomatic DVTs. 46
(31.9%) patients were anti-coagulated (14 proximal, 32 distal DVTs)
with no major bleeding complications. In non-treated patients, none
481
had clot progression. After 3 months of follow up, no additional

DVTs occurred. 4 patients had pulmonary embolism (PE) and 2
patients died (1 DVT, 1 PE), giving an overall mortality of 0.1%.
Length of operation and hospital stay were not associated with an
increased risk of DVT.
Conclusion: In one of the largest studies specifically investigating the
incidence of DVT after TKA, we found that the incidence is low at
8.1%. This is in contrast to recent studies that showed post-operative
VTE rates similar to Western populations. We believe that our routine
use of mechanical prophylaxis post-operatively may have helped
reduced the DVT rates.
PO607-MON
Asymptomatic thrombosis following the use of central
venous lines in children
Jones SE1,2,3,4, Newall F1,2,3,4,5, Butt W1,6,7 and Monagle P1,2,3
1
Paediatrics, The University Of Melbourne; 2Clinical
Haematology, The Royal Childrens Hospital; 3Haematology
Research, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute; 4Nursing, The
University Of Melbourne; 5Nursing Research; 6Paediatric
Intensive Care, The Royal Childrens Hospital; 7Paediatric
Intensive Care Research, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute,
Background: Over 50% of thromboses in children are related to central
venous lines (CVLs). The rate of complications, such as Post Thrombotic Syndrome (PTS), from asymptomatic CVL-related thrombosis is
unknown and hence the importance of treating children with anticoagulation to prevent these sequelae is unclear.
Aims: This study will determine the frequency and clinical outcome
of asymptomatic CVL-related thrombosis in children and determine the frequency and severity of PTS following CVL placement
in children.
Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted. 205 children
admitted to a paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) requiring a CVL in
the jugular or femoral veins participated. The study was approved by
the hospital human research ethics committee and informed consent
was obtained from all parents/guardians for their childs participation.
Each child had a (blinded) ultrasound of the blood vessel in which the
CVL was placed during their admission. Clinical data and plasma were
collected to determine risk factors for thrombosis and markers of
thrombotic activity (Phase I). A second ultrasound and a PTS assessment will be performed approximately 24 months following CVL
placement (Phase II).
Results: Recruitment is complete and data collection and analysis of
phase I data are underway. Of 379 families approached, 205 patients
consented for the study (54%). 48% of children were aged less than
1 year, with 80% of children having a cardiac diagnosis. Ultrasound
imaging from 149 patients confirmed the incidence of CVL-related
thrombosis was 22.1% (n = 33). Only one patient was symptomatic.
Conclusion: This study will determine both the incidence of symptomatic and asymptomatic CVL-related thrombosis in children in PICU
and the incidence and severity of PTS. Additionally, this study will
determine if there is or is not clinical value in performing routine ultrasound screening of all children with a CVL for the presence of thrombosis.
482
ABSTRACTS
PO608-MON
Does diabetes influence outcome within three months
after venous thromboembolism? Findings from 4011
cases enrolled in the worldwide RIETE registry
PO609-MON
Time trends in incidence rates of venous
thromboembolism in a large cohort recruited from the
general population
Frasson S1, Gussoni G1, Micco PD2, Bertoletti L3, Lorenzo A4,
Madridano O5, Trujillo-Santos J6, Ceriello A7, Prandoni P8,
Monreal M9 and on behalf of on behalf of the RIETE Study Group
1
Research Department, FADOI Italian Scientific Society of
Internal Medicine, Italy, Milan; 2Internal Medicine, Hospital
Fatebenefratelli, Naples, Italy; 3Department of M
edecine et
^pital Nord St-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France;
Therapeutique, Ho
4
Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de La
Paz, Madrid, Spain; 5Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital
Infanta Sofa, Spain, Madrid; 6Internal Medicine Department,
Hospital Universitario Santa Luca, Spain, Cartagena; 7Institut
dInvestigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS),
Barcelona, Spain; 8Department of Medicine, Vascular Medicine
Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy; 9Medicine Department,
Germans Trias I Pujol Hospital, Badalona, Spain
Arshad N1, Isaksen T1,2, Hansen J-B1,2 and Brkkan SK1,2

1
Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT-The Arctic University of
Background: Increasing evidence of concomitant hypercoagulability

suggests an association between diabetes and the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), however results of epidemiological studies are
conflicting. In addition, VTE shares many risk factors with atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, including diabetes.
Aims: To evaluate the outcome of patients with and without diabetes,
after a VTE episode.
Methods: RIETE is an ongoing, worldwide, prospective cohort of
patients presenting with symptomatic VTE objectively confirmed, and
followed-up for at least 3 months. We used propensity scoring to create a match sample (diabetes and no-diabetes patients) for the major
clinical events within 3 months from VTE.
Results: A population of 26,484 patients was considered for the analysis; 4011 (15.1%) had diabetes. Patients with diabetes were significantly older (73 12 vs 63 19 years, P < 0.001), and with a greater
burden of comorbidity and concomitant risk factors for vascular disease (obesity, hypertension). Thromboprophylaxis had been used in
36.9% and 37.0% of diabetes and no-diabetes patients. At 3-month
follow-up, a slight higher percentage of patients with diabetes had
recurrent VTE (1.6% vs 1.3%), major bleeding (2.1% vs 1.5%) or
arterial events (1.1% vs 0.4%, P < 0.001). According to propensity
score matching analysis, diabetes patients had a significantly higher
occurrence of arterial ischemia (1.2% vs 0.6%, OR 1.88 [1.272.76],
P = 0.001) and of the composite end-point recurrent VTE + major
bleeding + arterial events (4.7% vs 3.5%, OR 1.35 [1.121.62],
P = 0.002).
Conclusion: Diabetic patients seem to have a slightly worse prognosis
within 3 months after VTE, in particular they had an increased occurrence of arterial events (though of limited absolute rate). This could
support the hypothesis of a domino effect between venous and arterial events, and leads us to think about some therapeutic attitudes following a VTE episode (i.e. interruption of antiplatelet therapy).
Background: Alterations of risk factor levels, prevention strategies,

diagnostic tools and treatment modalities over time may alter the rate
of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in a community. Changes in the
incidence of VTE during the last 15 years have not been extensively
studied.
Aims: To study time trends in the incidence rates of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) in a large populationbased cohort.
Methods: A total of 26855 subjects, aged 2597 years, were enrolled in
the Troms study in 1994/95 and followed up to December 31st 2012.
All symptomatic, objectively confirmed, incident VTEs were identified
using multiple sources (hospital discharge-, radiology procedure- and
autopsy registry) and carefully validated by review of medical records.
Age-adjusted biennial incidence rates (IR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using direct standardization with the age-distribution in 2004 as the reference population. The study was approved
by the regional ethical committee and all subjects gave their informed
written consent.
Results: Between January 1st 1996 and December 31st 2012, 693 VTEs
occurred during a total of 368150 person-years (PY) of follow-up. The
incidence rate of VTE increased from 1.5 (95% CI 1.11.9) per 1000
PY in 1996/97 to 1.9 (95% CI 1.32.4) per 1000 PY in 2012. There was
a marked increase in the rates of PE ranging from 0.4 (95% CI 0.2
0.6) in 1996/97 to 1.0 (95% CI 0.61.4) per 1000 PY in 2012, whereas
the DVT rates remained relatively constant (1.1, 95% CI 0.71.4 in
1996/97 and 0.8, 95% CI 0.41.2 per 1000 PY in 2012).
Conclusion: Despite advances in prophylaxis, the incidence rate of
VTE has increased slightly during the last 15 years, mainly due to an
increase in PE. Although the introduction of better diagnostic tools to
some extent may explain the increase in PE, our findings suggest that
there is still a need for improvement in risk factor management and
prevention strategies of first-time VTE.
PO610-MON
Poor self-rated health is associated with future risk of
venous thromboembolism in women. The Troms
study
Braekkan S1,2, Isaksen T1,2 and Hansen J-B1,2
1
Thrombosis Research and Expertise Center (TREC), Department
of Clinical Medicine, Uit The Arctic University Of Norway;
2
Norway, Troms, Norway
Background: Poor self-rated health status is associated with arterial
cardiovascular outcomes and all cause-mortality. The relation between
self-rated health and risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) has
never been studied.
Aims: To investigate the association between self-rated health and
future risk of VTE in men and women recruited from a general population.
Methods: Men (n = 12726) and women (n = 14089) enrolled in the
Troms study in 1994/95 were asked to report their current health
ABSTRACTS
status (Poor, Not so good, Good and Very good). All first
VTE events among the participants were validated and recorded
up to Dec 31, 2012. Cox-regression models with age as time scale
were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) of VTE according to
health status adjusted for body mass index, smoking, physical
activity, education level, diabetes, and history of cardiovascular
diseases or cancer.
Results: A total of 709 VTE events occurred during a median of
17.7 years of follow-up. There was no association between self-rated
health status and VTE in men (P for trend across categories=0.4).
Contrary, the risk of VTE increased across categories of worse
health in women (P < 0.0001). Women who reported poor health
had almost 3-fold higher risk of VTE than women who reported
very good health (HR: 2.93, 95% CI: 1.575.49). Similar risk estimates were found for provoked and unprovoked VTE in women,
and cause-specific analyses revealed that the association was not
mediated by development of cancer, myocardial infarction or stroke
during follow-up (cause-specific HR for Poor vs. Very good: 3.22,
95% CI: 1.447.18).
Conclusion: Our findings indicate a sex-specific impact of self-rated
health on VTE risk. Women with poor health, but not men, had
increased risk of future VTE even after adjustment for important confounders and co-morbidities. The mechanism behind this association
remains unclear.
PO611-MON
Oral and inhaled corticosteroid use has a timedependent association with recurrent pulmonary
embolism
Sneeboer M1, Hutten B2, Majoor C1, Kamphuisen P-W3 and
Bel E1
1
Department of Respiratory Medicine; 2Department of Clinical
Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Academic
Medical Center, Amsterdam; 3Department of Vascular Medicine,
University Medical Center, Groningen, The Netherlands
Background: Chronic inflammatory diseases and pulmonary diseases
such as asthma and COPD predispose to the development of
venous thromboembolism. Both inhaled and oral corticosteroids
are used as treatment for asthma and COPD. Previous studies
have shown that patients who use inhaled or oral corticosteroids
have an increased risk of a first venous thromboembolism. It is
not known whether they are also at increased risk for recurrent
events.
Aims: To analyse the association between oral and/or inhaled corticosteroid use and the risk of recurrent pulmonary embolism (PE).
Methods: A nested case-control study was performed using the PHARMO Record Linkage System, which combines drug prescription data
(ATC codes) and hospital admission and discharge codes (ICD-9
codes). All patients had a primary diagnosis of PE and a prescription
for vitamin K antagonists and had a median follow-up of 14 months.
Patients with a diagnosis of recurrent PE were matched to controls
without recurrent PE. Conditional logistic regression analysis was
used.
Results: We analysed 384 cases of recurrent PE and 1030 controls.
There was a clear time-dependent association between corticosteroid use and the risk of recurrent PE. Patients using oral corticosteroids in the month prior to the event showed an increased risk
(odds ratio (OR) 3.74; 95%CI 2.046.87; P < 0.01) of recurrent
PE, which normalised for use in the prior 16 months (P = 0.82),
to even a protected effect when oral corticosteroids were used
>6 months prior to the event (OR 0.46; 95%CI 0.280.74;
P < 0.01). The same pattern was observed for inhaled corticoster 2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997
483
oids, although less strong (<1 month OR 1.55; 95%CI 0.902.67;

P = 0.12 and >6 months OR 0.52; 95%CI 0.300.90; P = 0.02).
Combination of inhaled and oral corticosteroids increased recurrent PE risk for use in the month prior to the event (OR 4.60;
95%CI 1.5413.76; P < 0.01).
Conclusion: Oral and inhaled corticosteroid use is associated with a
time-dependent association with recurrent PE.
PO612-MON
Case fatality and recurrence rates after first venous
thromboembolism in a large population-based cohort
Arshad N1, Isaksen T1,2, Hansen J-B1,2 and Brkkan SK1,2
1
Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT-The Arctic University of
Background: Previous reports on recurrence and mortality rates after
a first episode of venous thromboembolism (VTE) vary considerably, and most of the studies were conducted several decades ago.
Advances in management and treatment of venous thrombosis during the last 15 years may have influenced the rates of clinical outcomes.
Aims: To estimate the rates of recurrence and mortality after a first
VTE event in patients recruited from a large population-based cohort.
Methods: From the Troms study, patients (n = 710) with a first,
symptomatic, objectively confirmed VTE were included and followed
in the period 19942012. Recurrent episodes of VTE were identified
using multiple sources (hospital discharge-, radiology procedure- and
autopsy registry) and carefully validated by review of medical records.
Information of deaths was obtained from the National Population
Registry of Norway. Incidence rates (IR) with 95% confidence interval
(CI) of VTE recurrence and mortality after the first year of VTE and
the remaining follow-up period were calculated. The study was
approved by the regional ethical committee and all subjects gave their
informed written consent.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 68 (range 28102) years and
166 (23.4%) had active cancer at the time of the first VTE. There were
114 VTE recurrences and 333 died during a median of 7.7 (range 0.04
18.2) years of follow-up. The one-year recurrence rate was 7.8% (95%
CI 5.810.6) whereas the recurrence rate in the remaining follow-up
period (118 years) was 3.0 (95% CI 2.33.8) per 100 person-years
(PY). The risk of dying was highest in the first year following the VTE.
The overall 1-year case fatality rate was 29.9 (95% CI 25.734.8) per
100 PY, and in those without active cancer the corresponding rate was
14.7 (95% CI 11.618.5) per 100 PY.
Conclusion: Despite advances in VTE management, rates of adverse
events remained fairly high especially in the first year following a VTE.
484
ABSTRACTS
PO613-MON
Time trends and case fatality rate of pulmonary
embolism during 11 years of observation in
northwestern Italy
PO614-MON
Natural history and antithrombotic treatment of
incidentally detected splanchnic vein thrombosis:
findings from the ISTH registry
Dentali F1, Ageno W1, Pomero F2, Fenoglio L2, Squizzato A3 and
Bonzini M1
1
Clinical Medicine, Insubria university, Varese; 2Clinical
Medicine, Cuneo Hospital, Cuneo; 3Clinical Medicine, Insubria
University Varese, Varese, Italy
Riva N1, Ageno W1, Schulman S2, Beyer-Westendorf J3, Bang SM4, Pasca S5, Poli D6, Verhamme P7, Alatri A8, Colaizzo D9,
Rancan E1, Rezende SM10, Piana A11, Bazzan M12, De
Sancho MT13, Ciantar E14, Elli E15, Zawilska K16, Dentali F1 and
IRSVT study investigators1
1
Of Insubria, Varese, Italy; 2Department of Medicine, McMaster
University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; 3Center for Vascular
Medicine and Department of Medicine III, Division of Angiology,
4
Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University,
Seoul, Korea; 5Center for Hemorrhagic and Thrombotic Diseases,
University Hospital, Udine; 6Thrombosis Center, Careggi
Hospital, Florence, Italy; 7Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium;
8
Centro Emostasi e Trombosi, A.O. Istituti Ospitalieri, Cremona;
9
IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, S. Giovanni Rotondo,
edica, Universidade Federal
Italy; 10Departamento de Clnica M
de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; 11Department of Internal
Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa; 12UOSD Ematologia e
Malattie Trombotiche, Ospedale San Giovanni Bosco, Torino,
Italy; 13Hematology-Medical Oncology Division, Weill-Cornell
Medical College, New York, USA; 14Leeds General Infirmary,
Leeds, UK; 15Hematology Division, S. Gerardo Hospital, Monza,
Italy; 16Department of Hematology, J. Strus Hospital, Poznan,
Poland
Background: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a common and increasingly

diagnosed disorder with high mortality and morbidity rates. However,
population-based information on its incidence and prognosis remains
limited.
Aims: To better assess the incidence and the short term prognosis of
PE on a large population during a long period of abservation.
Methods: We conducted a large epidemiology study collecting data on
hospitalization for PE (from 2002 to 2012) in a population of about 13
millions people in Northwestern Italy. Patients were identified using
the ICD-9-CM codes: 415.11, 415.19; gender and age specific incidence
rate of PE during the study period were estimated using the resident
population for each year of the study. Furthermore, time trends in the
in-hospital PE-related mortality and case fatality rate were calculated.
Results were adjusted for possible confounders.
Results: 60,853 patients with a first event of PE were included in the
analysis. The overall crude incidence rate for the entire study period
was 55.4 and 40.6 events per year per 100,000 inhabitants for women
and men, respectively (P < 0.001).This difference completely disappeared when the incidence rates for the two populations were standardized according to age. The incidence of PE significantly increased
in both genders during the study period. In-hospital case fatality rate
significantly decreased throughout the study period (P < 0.001) in
women (from 15.6% to 10.2%) and in men (from 17.6% to 10.1%).
The observed decrease of the in-hospital case-fatality throughout the
study period remained significant also after adjustment for possible
confounders.
Conclusion: Time trends over an 11-year period show an increasing
incidence of PE, but a significant reduction in mortality during hospitalization.Reduction in the case fatality rate remained significant after
adjustment for possible confounders
Disclosure of Interest: F. Dentali Grant/Research Support from: Bayer, BMS/Pfizer, Boheringer, Consultant for: bayer, W. Ageno: None
Declared, F. Pomero: None Declared, L. Fenoglio: None Declared, A.
Squizzato: None Declared, M. Bonzini: None Declared.
Background: Splanchnic vein thrombosis (SVT) is often diagnosed

incidentally. There is very little information on the natural history of
patients with incidentally detected SVT (IDSVT) and therapeutic management remains controversial.
Aims: To evaluate the antithrombotic treatment and the outcomes of
IDSVT in real-life clinical practice.
patients, enrolled from 2008 to 2012. Risk factors, therapeutic strategies and outcomes were analysed separately for patients with IDSVT.
Clinical outcomes during the 2-year follow-up were reviewed by a Central Adjudication Committee and classified as vascular events (venous
or arterial thrombosis) and major bleeding (ISTH definition plus the
need for hospitalization).
Results: 177 of 604 patients, enrolled from 31 centers, had IDSVT
(median age 57 years, 66.7% males, 78.0% portal vein thrombosis).
Provoking factors included liver cirrhosis (46.3%) and solid cancer
(35.0%); IDSVT was unprovoked in 15.3%. Sixty-eight patients
(38.4%) were not anticoagulated; 57 (32.2%) received parenteral anticoagulants alone (median duration 6 months, IQR 512.2) and 52
(29.4%) were started on vitamin K antagonists (median 24 months,
IQR 1224). Median follow-up duration was 2 years (IQR 12); 6
patients (3.4%) were lost to follow-up. The overall incidence of recurrent thrombotic events was 8.0/100 patient-years (pt-y) (95%CI 5.2
12.1) and of major bleeding 3.3/100 pt-y (95%CI 1.76.3). The incidence in never-treated patients was 11.5/100 pt-y and 2.3/100 pt-y,
respectively. At multivariate analysis, anticoagulant treatment was
associated with lower rates of vascular events (HR 0.84, 95%CI 0.74
0.94) without increasing the risk of major bleeding.
Conclusion: IDSVT is not uncommon and is frequently associated with
cirrhosis and solid cancer. In real-world, approximately two thirds of
these patients receive anticoagulant treatment. The rate of vascular
complications is relevant and anticoagulant treatment appears to be
safe and effective.
Disclosure of Interest: N. Riva: None Declared, W. Ageno: None
Declared, S. Schulman: None Declared, J. Beyer-Westendorf: None
Declared, S.-M. Bang: None Declared, S. Pasca: None Declared, D.
ABSTRACTS
Poli: None Declared, P. Verhamme: None Declared, A. Alatri: None
Declared, D. Colaizzo: None Declared, E. Rancan: None Declared, S.
M. Rezende: None Declared, A. Piana: None Declared, M. Bazzan:
None Declared, M. T. De Sancho: None Declared, E. Ciantar: None
Declared, E. Elli: None Declared, K. Zawilska: None Declared, F.
Dentali: None Declared, IRSVT study investigators Grant/Research
Support from: This study was supported by a grant from Pfizer, Canada, to ISTH. The authors have no relevant conflicts to declare in relation to this abstract.
PO615-MON
Deep vein thrombosis in septic patients in the
intensive care unit
Florou V1, Komodikis G1, Penigalapati D1, Charilaou P2 and
Rana H1
1
Internal Medicine, Saint Peters University Hospital Rutgers
Robert Wood Johnson School of Medicine, New Brunswick;
2
Aortic Institute, Yale New Haven Hospital- Yale University
School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
Background: Critically ill patients are at high risk for developing deep
vein thrombosis (DVT). Severe sepsis and septic shock is a subgroup
of critically ill patients at risk for DVT. There are limited data on the
incidence and risk factors of DVT in this patient subgroup.
Aims: To report the incidence of new DVT and investigate risk factors
in critically ill septic patients.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed to assess the
incidence and risk factors of DVT in septic patients. All consecutive
patients with sepsis, admitted from November 2011 through October
2013 directly in our Intensive Care Unit were analyzed. All included
patients were >18 years old and had a venous duplex within 60 days
of initial ICU admission. Patients on therapeutic anticoagulation or
known DVT were excluded. We employed bivariate analysis to assess
the association between various risk factors and the presence DVT.
Results: 127 patients met the selection criteria and 18 (14.2%) had
DVT. The mean age was 70.72 15.16 years (range 29 95) and
45.7% were males. The mean length of ICU stay was
6.35 7.83 days. Notable findings were the non-significant association of APACHE II and SAPS II scores, pharmacologic DVT prophylaxis, vasopressor requirements and mechanical ventilation with
positive cases (P = 0.916, P = 0.920, P = 0.746, 0.801 and 0.737
respectively). Other comorbidities (Congestive Heart Failure, EndStage Renal Disease, Diabetes, Hypertension and COPD) did not
show any significant correlation with DVT cases. In contrast, there
was significantly positive correlation of concurrent malignancy with
DVT (P = 0.036).
Conclusion: Our study shows that a significant proportion of critically
ill septic patients have DVT, with active malignancy being a risk factor. High clinical suspicion should be engaged in these patients, since
DVTs are clinically silent and risk factors fail to predict them. Future
large studies are necessary to determine independent predictors and
the role of screening for DVT in this patient subpopulation.
485
PO616-MON
Factor V is associated with a moderately increased risk
of venous thrombosis
Rietveld IM1,2, Bos MHA1,2, Rosendaal FR2,3, Reitsma PH1,2 and
Cannegieter SC2,3
1
Division of Thrombosis and Hemostasis; 2Einthoven Laboratory
for Experimental Vascular Medicine; 3Department of Clinical
Epidemiology, LUMC, Leiden, The Netherlands
Background: Altered blood coagulation factor levels are well-known
risk factors for venous thrombosis (VT). The procoagulant factor V
(FV) serves as a cofactor for the factor Xa-dependent activation of
prothrombin. Conversely, FV also functions as an anticoagulant by
enhancing activated protein C-mediated inactivation of activated factor VIII (FVIII). This dual role of FV complicates conclusions on the
contribution of FV to VT occurrence, and in previous studies both
high and low FV levels have been associated with VT risk.
Aims: Here we elucidated the association of FV with VT using a large
case-control study and we adjusted the observed risk associations for
FVIII levels, a strong risk factor for VT, to study possible mediation
through FVIII.
Methods: The FV and FVIII antigen levels of 2379 cases and 2943 controls from the population-based case-control MEGA study were measured, on the basis of which the participants were categorized
according to the 1st, 2.5th 5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, and 95th
percentile of factor levels. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using
logistic regression and adjusted for age and sex and FVIII, when applicable.
Results: Median FV levels were slightly higher in patients than in controls (0.94 vs. 0.92 U mL1). Age and sex adjusted ORs increased with
rising FV levels, with the highest OR of 1.86 (95%CI 1.462.37) for
the 95th percentile as compared to the reference group (25th50th percentile). The OR of the lowest group (<1st percentile) was slightly elevated (OR 1.46; 95%CI 0.872.43). FVIII adjustment let to
attenuation of the ORs, except for the lowest group, which maintained
an increased risk (OR 1.68; 95%CI 0.972.91).
Conclusion: In conclusion, we observed an association between high
FV levels and VT. This effect disappeared after adjustment for FVIII,
which indicates that the risk is mainly mediated by FVIII. The association between low levels and risk was not affected by FVIII levels. Our
data indicate that FV levels are weakly associated with an increased
risk of VT.
PO617-MON
Thrombin generation and the risk of venous
thrombosis: results from a large population-based
case-control study
Winckers K1, van Hylckama Vlieg A2, Thomassen S1, Hackeng T1
and Rosendaal F2
1
Biochemistry Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht
(CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht; 2Clinical
Netherlands
Background: Thrombin generation (TG) is a global coagulation test
that can be utilized as an intermediate phenotype to detect prothrombotic states leading to venous thrombosis. Previous studies using various TG protocols have shown associations between increased TG and
venous thrombosis. However, optimal experimental TG conditions to
predict venous thrombosis are yet to be defined.
486
ABSTRACTS
Aims: To estimate the risk of venous thrombosis associated with TG

parameters measured at various TG assay conditions.
Methods: We measured TG at various conditions in the MEGA study,
a large population based, case control study on the etiology of venous
thrombosis. Cases enrolled in the study were diagnosed with a first episode of venous thrombosis and aged between 18 and 65 years old. TG
was measured at low (2 pM) and high (10 pM) tissue factor (TF) concentrations, in the absence or presence of activated protein C (5 nM).
Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated
after adjustment for age and sex.
Results: Plasma samples for TG were available in 2364 cases and 2938
controls. Individuals on oral anticoagulant treatment (n = 315) were
excluded from analyses. Under all experimental conditions thrombin
generation was increased in cases with venous thrombosis compared
with controls. From the TG parameters, endogenous thrombin potential and peak height were dose-dependently associated with venous
thrombosis under all conditions. No such trend could be observed for
the lag time. Risk estimates were highest when a low TF trigger concentration was used, i.e., for peak height: adjusted OR Q4 vs Q1 = 6.3
(95% CI 5.2 7.6) and for ETP: adjusted OR Q4 vs Q1 = 5.6 (95% CI
4.6 6.8).
Conclusion: Increased TG peak height and ETP are associated with an
increased risk of venous thrombosis under all conditions. However,
the risks were highest when a low TF trigger concentration is used.
therapy I
PO618-MON
Two weeks of low molecular weight heparin for
isolated symptomatic distal vein thrombosis (twister
study): interim analysis of first 100 patients
Merriman E1, Chunilal S2, McRae S3, Brighton T4 and Tran H5,6
1
Haematology, North Shore Hospital, AUCKLAND, New Zealand;
2
Haematology, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne;
3
Haematology, SA Pathology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide;
4
Haematology, South Eastern Laboratory Service (SEALS), Prince
of Wales Hospital, New South Wales; 5Haematology, The Alfred
Hospital; 6Haematology, Australian Centre for Blood Diseases,
Background: Most deep vein thrombi (DVT) originate from a small
calf vein (distal vein) thrombus, however 8090% of distal DVT
lyse spontaneously and are probably of minimal clinical consequence. The treatment and management of isolated distal DVT (IDDVT) thrombi is controversial, with treatments ranging from
withholding of anticoagulation and a repeat compression vein ultrasound (CUS) of the leg veins in a week, to three months of full
dose anticoagulation.
Aims: The TWISTER Study is a multicentre Australasian study examining the safety of two weeks of anticoagulation for a first episode of
symptomatic IDDVT. The primary outcome is symptomatic recurrence of venous thrombosis DVT and pulmonary embolism, PE)
within 3 months.
Methods: Patients with confirmed symptomatic distal DVT received
2 weeks of therapeutic anticoagulation (enoxaparin or rivaroxaban)
and had a repeat CUS at the end of 2 weeks. If the patient was asymptomatic and there was no proximal DVT extension on CUS, treatment
was stopped. If the patient was still symptomatic then treatment was
continued for a further four weeks. All study events were centrally
adjudicated (blinded).
Results: An interim analysis of the first 100 patients was performed.

Ninety-three received enoxaparin; 7 received rivaroxaban. The duration of anticoagulation was 2 weeks (1 week) for 77 patients,
6 weeks for 21 patients (with 2 receiving an additional 6 weeks at the
investigators discretion), and 3 months for 2 patients due to asymptomatic proximal extension on the 2 week CUS. There were also 7
extensions within the distal venous system, with all occurring whilst on
full dose anticoagulation. There has been one VTE recurrence within
3 months (1.3%; 95%CI 03.8%), a distal DVT in the contralateral
leg.
Conclusion: Our preliminary data suggest two weeks of therapeutic
anticoagulation is sufficient for the majority of patients (77%) with a
first episode of symptomatic IDDVT, with a low rate of VTE recurrence within 3 months (1.3%).
Disclosure of Interest: E. Merriman Grant/Research Support from: Sanofi-Aventis, Consultant for: Bayer, GSK, S. Chunilal Grant/
Research Support from: Bayer, S. McRae: None Declared, T. Brighton Consultant for: Bayer Health Care, Speaker Bureau of: Bayer
Australia, GSK, Sanofi-Aventis, Novo Nordisk, H. Tran Consultant
for: Bayer Health Care, Biogen Idec, Baxter, Speaker Bureau of: Bayer
Australia, GSK, Novo Nordisk.
PO619-MON
A Canadian consensus on venous thromboembolism
(VTE) prophylaxis prevention in thoracic surgery, a
national Delphi consensus survey
Shargall Y1, Linkins L-A2, Schneider L1, Crowther M2, Perrot MD3,
Finley CJ1, Hanna WC1 and Schieman C1
1
Surgery; 2Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton; 3Surgery,
University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
Background: The incidence of Venous Thromboembolic Events (VTE)
after resection of thoracic malignancies is reported to be as high as
15%, but the evidence required to support prophylaxis guidelines does
not exist.
Aims: We conducted a modified Delphi consensus process to survey
Thoracic Surgeons, Thoracic Anesthesiologists and Thrombosis
experts across Canada. The questions addressed perioperative risk factors for VTE, impact of those factors on selecting extended prophylaxis, type of preferred prophylaxis (medical and/or mechanical),
timing of treatment initiation and duration.
Methods: Three survey rounds were conducted. Participants were
asked to rate each parameter on a ten-point scale. Consensus was
defined a priori as an item demonstrating a coefficient of variation
of 30% (0.3), and the item was then discontinued from future
rounds.
Results: A total of 72, 57 and 50 responders participated in the rounds
respectively, with a good distribution between specialties. Consensus
was reached on risk factors such as previous VTE, age, cancer diagnosis, thrombophilia, poor mobilization, extended resections, and preoperative chemotherapy. Consensus on risk factors impacting
extended prophylaxis decisions was achieved on cancer diagnosis,
obesity, previous VTE and poor mobilization. Almost no consensus
was reached on the approach to perioperative prophylaxis, with only
daily LMWH usage reaching consensus. No consensus was achieved
regarding the role of mechanical prophylaxis, unfractionated heparin
or timing of initiation of peri-operative treatment. VTE prophylaxis
until discharge reached consensus. There was no consensus concerning
extended prophylaxis.
Conclusion: There is no standard consensus on VTE prophylaxis after
Thoracic Surgery in Canada. While there is a consensus between clinicians treating patients with thoracic malignancies regarding risk factors for VTE events, there is no agreement on timing of initiation of
ABSTRACTS
treatment, agents used and factors potentially mandating extended
duration of VTE prophylaxis.
PO620-MON
Adherence to international guidelines in treatment of
thromboembolic events in cancer patients: a hospitalbased cohort study in Paris, France
Mahe I1, Puget H2, Chidiac J2, Strukov A3, Buzzi J-C4, Helfer H5,
Lamuraglia M6 and Perozziello A3
1
Internal Medicine, Louis mourier, APHP, University Paris 7, EA
7334; 2Louis Mourier Hospital, Aphp, Paris 7 University, Ea 7334,
ept dEpid
emiologie,Biostastique et
Colombes; 3Unite MSI D
e MSI D
ept dEpid
emiologie,
Recherche Clinique; 4Unit
Biostastique et Recherche, Bichat Hospital, APHP; 5Internal
Medicine, Louis Mourier Hospital, APHP, Paris; 6Internal
Medicine, Louis Mourier Hospital, Colombes, France
Background: LMWHs are recommended by international guidelines
for a period of 36 months in patients with cancer associated thromboembolism
Aims: To assess the implementation in daily clinical practice.
Methods: Using the PMSI (prospective payment system) databases,
all hospitalisations from January to December 2012, in three MCO
(medicine, surgery, obstetrical) hospitals (Assistance Publique H^
opitaux de Paris) were retrospectively analyzed to look for patients with
the reported diagnosis of cancer and venous thromboembolism
(VTE) (as a primary or secondary diagnosis). Compliance with guidelines was assessed by comparing the treatment received by the patient
at the time of hospitalization to guidelines. TI was defined as the first
ten days after VTE diagnosis, T2 the period from 10 days to
3 months, T3 the period between 3 and 6 months, and T4 after
6 months .
Results: 219 therapeutic strategies were assessed among 240 included
patients. Adhesion to guidelines was 56% among patients during T1,
but decreased during T2 and T3 (33% and 11% respectively). In T4,
65% of patients had an appropriate treatment due to less restrictive
recommendations after 6 months. The overall compliance was estimated at 52% for all periods. Patients with special conditions (renal
failure, thrombocytopenia, VTE recurrence on anticoagulation) had
less often a treatment in accordance with recommendations (46%).
Overall, 60% of all cancers were at a metastatic stage, and patients
with an advanced cancer had more often a treatment in accordance
with guidelines (58%). Patients who experienced pulmonary embolism
were more often adequately treated (60%) than patients with deep
venous thrombosis (40%)
Conclusion: Adhesion to guidelines for VTE treatment in cancer is low,
with only half patients with an adequate treatment. Compliance
dropped significantly after the first 10 days of treatment. Only the cancer stage seems to impact physicians prescription. Our study underlies
the need to further promote adequate therapeutic strategies in usual
care
487
PO621-MON
A first-in-human, single ascending dose study of DS1040, an inhibitor of the activated form of thrombinactivatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFIa), in healthy
subjects
Zhou J1, Zamora C2, Atiee G2, Warren V1, Yin O1, Kochan J1,
Pav J1, Orihashi Y3, Vashi V1 and Dishy V1
1
Daiichi Sankyo Pharma Development, Edison; 2Worldwide
Clinical Trials, San Antonio, USA; 3Daiichi Sankyo Development
Ltd., Gerrards Cross, UK
Background: DS-1040 is a TAFIa inhibitor under development for the
treatment of thromboembolic diseases.
Aims: The objective of this first-in-human study was to assess the
safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacologic activity of
DS-1040 in healthy subjects.
Methods: A total of 103 healthy males and females were enrolled in
this double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, 3-part, single
ascending dose study. In the first part of study, 64 young subjects, age
1845, were randomized to receive single doses of DS-1040 (0.1 mg to
12 mg administered as 0.5 h intravenous [IV] infusions) or placebo in
cohorts of 8 subjects (6 active/2 placebo per cohort). In the second
part, 15 elderly subjects, age 6575, were randomized to receive single
doses of DS-1040 (3 mg and 6 mg administered as 0.5 h IV infusion)
or placebo. In the third part, 24 young subjects were randomized to
receive single doses of DS-1040 (10 mg to 40 mg administered as 24 h
continuous IV infusions) or placebo.
Results: Overall, all doses of DS-1040 were safe and well tolerated in
young and elderly subjects. Plasma exposure of DS-1040 increased
proportionally with increases in dose. The terminal half-life ranged
from 16.5 h to 16.8 h in young and 33.9 h to 40.7 h in elderly subjects,
respectively. Elimination was primarily renal. DS-1040b administration resulted in a dose-dependent decrease of TAFIa activity and 50%
clot lysis time. Increase in D-dimer levels was also observed but without clear dose dependency. No effects were observed on coagulation
parameters (PT, PTT, and fibrinogen) or platelet aggregation.
Conclusion: Single doses of DS-1040 up to 40 mg given as IV infusion
were safe and well tolerated in healthy subjects and demonstrated
pharmacologic activity. These results support future clinical development.
Disclosure of Interest: J. Zhou Employee of: Daiichi Sankyo Pharma
Development, C. Zamora Employee of: Worldwide Clinical Trials, G.
Atiee Employee of: Worldwide Clinical Trials, V. Warren Employee
of: Daiichi Sankyo Pharma Development, O. Yin Employee of: Daiichi Sankyo Pharma Development, J. Kochan Employee of: Daiichi
Sankyo Pharma Development, J. Pav Employee of: Daiichi Sankyo
Pharma Development, Y. Orihashi Employee of: Daiichi Sankyo
Development Ltd., V. Vashi Employee of: Daiichi Sankyo Pharma
Development, V. Dishy Employee of: Daiichi Sankyo Pharma Development.
PO622-MON
A retrospective medication use evaluation of
antithrombotic therapy after total hip arthroplasty or
total knee arthroplasty at university of colorado health
Klem P1, Trujillo T2, Golightly L1, Wong M1 and Hogan C3
1
Pharmacy, University Of Colorado Hospital; 2Pharmacy,
University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and
Pharmaceutical Sciences; 3Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
University Of Colorado Hospital, Aurora, USA
Background: Patients undergoing total hip and total knee arthroplasty
(THA or TKA) are at high risk of developing hospital acquired venous
thromboembolism (VTE). Currently there is a debate on the relative
488
ABSTRACTS
merits of aspirin compared to anticoagulants among clinicians.

Recently standardized practices for VTE prevention in THA/TKA
patients at the University of Colorado Hospital (UCH) changed from
low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) to ASA providing two
cohorts of patients to assess comparative effects.
Aims: (1) To assess the relative efficacy and safety of ASA compared
to LMWH when used for VTE prevention post THA and TKA: (2) To
identify additional patient characteristics which may help predict
bleeding or thrombotic events.
Methods: Patients were identified who underwent elective THA and
TKA at UCH from January 1 April 1, 2013 (cohort #1), and from
January 1 April 1 2014 (cohort #2). Patients in cohort #1 received a
LMWH strategy for VTE prevention, and those in cohort #2 received
an ASA based strategy. Relevant patient characteristics and clinical
data were collected up to 6 weeks post surgery. The primary endpoint
was the percentage of patients in each group who developed a clinical
VTE event. Secondary endpoints included the incidence of major
bleeding (ISTH definition) as well as transfusion requirements between
groups.
Results: 138 TKA or THA patients received LMWH, and 90 received
ASA as the primary VTE prevention strategy. The primary outcome
occurred in 2.9% of patients receiving LMWH, and 8.9% of patients
receiving ASA (P = 0.047). The rates of bleeding did not differ
between the LMWH and ASA groups (2.9% vs 3.3%), but the rates of
transfusion was significantly higher in the LMWH group (15.3% vs
2.2%, P = 0.0012)
Conclusion: In our study comparing a pre and post cohort of patients
receiving different VTE prevention strategies, patients on ASA had a
higher rate of clinical VTE but lower rates of transfusions. Full results
will be presented.
PO623-MON
Platelet reactivity in patients with a history of venous
thrombosis who use rosuvastatin: randomized clinical
trial
Biedermann J1, Cannegieter S2,3, van der Meer F2, Kruip M1,
Reitsma P2 and Lijfering W2
1
Rotterdam; 2Department of Thrombosis and Hemostasis;
3
Leiden University Medlcal Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Background: Experimental studies indicate that platelets play a role in
the pathogenesis of venous thrombosis and that platelet hyperaggregability increases the risk of venous thrombosis. Non-randomized studies
suggest that statins exert inhibitory effects on platelets, which may
explain why statin use is associated with a decreased risk of venous
thrombosis.
Aims: To determine the effect of rosuvastatin on platelet reactivity in
patients with a history of venous thrombosis.
Methods: Data of the statins reduce thrombophilia (START) trial
were used (registered at NCT01613794). START is a multicenter, open
label randomized clinical trial, to investigate the effect of rosuvastatin
(20 mg daily) on the coagulation profile of patients with a history of
venous thrombosis. Platelet reactivity was measured at baseline and
after 1 month in 50 consecutive patients (25 receiving rosuvastatin for
30 days and 25 without intervention). Platelet reactivity in aspirin
reaction units (ARU) was measured using the VerifyNow System. The
local ethics committee approved the study and all patients provided
informed consent.
Results: Out of 50 consecutive participants 47 had 2 ARU measurements. Mean age at time of thrombosis was 58 years (range 2180),
most were men (n = 35; 75%), 13 (28%) had pulmonary embolism,
and 22 (47%) patients had an unprovoked event. Mean ARU in rosu-
vastatin users was 609 at baseline and 613 at end of follow-up (mean
ARU difference 5; 95%CI, 18 to 27). Mean ARU in non-rosuvastatin users was 620 at baseline and 618 at end of follow-up (mean ARU
difference 2; 95%CI, 15 to 12). The mean difference in ARU
change between rosuvastatin and non-rosuvastatin users was 6 (95%
CI, 20 to 33). Excluding patients who used antiplatelet medication
(n = 2), had thrombocytopenia (n = 1) or were strong outliers (n = 1),
revealed similar results, i.e. no apparent effect of rosuvastatin on
ARU.
Conclusion: Rosuvastatin does not affect platelet reactivity in patients
with a history of venous thrombosis as measured by the VerifyNow.
PO624-MON
Long-term use of low-molecular-weight heparins
(LMWH) for the treatment of cancer-associated
thrombosis (CAT): factors associated with noncompliance with treatment recommendations (NCTR)
in clinical practice
Cajfinger F1, Debourdeau P2, Lamblin A3 and Farge-Bancel D4
1
Oncology, Hopital Piti
e-Salpetriere, Paris; 2Oncology, Clinique
Ste Catherine, Avignon; 3LEO Pharma, Voisins-le-Bretonneux;
4
Internal Medicine, Hopital Saint Louis, Paris, France
Background: Long-term treatment with LMWH for at least 3 months
is the standard therapy for CAT patients [1]. Results from the observational TROPIQUE study have shown that 44.7% of the 409 patients
with CAT were not treated according to established recommendations
[2].
Aims: To identify factors associated with NCTR in the TROPIQUE
patient population.
Methods: NCTR defined as: treatment duration <3 months, prescription of non-recommended LMWH, non-compliance with recommended dose (NCRD), incorrect injection schedule or use in patients
with severe renal failure. A total of 22 factors related to patients characteristics, malignancy and LMWH prescription were considered for
univariate analyses. Factors significant (at 10% level) in univariate
analyses were included in multivariate analyses reported here (OR
[95% CI] p value).
Results: Recent surgery preceding VTE (OR: 2.1[1.33.6] P = 0.005)
and bleeding within a month of VTE (OR: 4.6 [1.415] P = 0.012) were
independent factors significantly associated with NCRD.
None of the factors were significantly associated with LMWH overdosing.
Patients being male (OR: 1.8 [1.033.2] P = 0.041) and ECOG 34
(OR: 2.9 [1.36.4] P = 0.008) were significantly associated with incorrect injection schedule.
Overall, men (OR: 0.6 [0.40.9] P = 0.019) and ECOG 34 patients
(OR: 0.5 [0.20.9] P = 0.025) were significantly less exposed to NCTR
while history of surgery or bleeding were associated with NCTR (OR:
2.2[1.33.6] P = 0.005 and OR: 5.2[1.419] P = 0.012, respectively).
Conclusion: Overall, surgery or bleeding history, were independent factors associated with NCTR while poor clinical condition and male
gender were associated with a lower risk of NCTR.
1-Farge J Thromb Haemost. 2013 Jan;11(1):5670.
2-Farge D Blood 2014. 124:1545.
Disclosure of Interest: F. Cajfinger Consultant for: LEO Pharma, Pfizer, GSK, Bayer, P. Debourdeau: None Declared, A. Lamblin
Employee of: LEO Pharma, D. Farge-Bancel Grant/Research Support
from: LEO Pharma, Pfizer, Sanofi, Aspen.
ABSTRACTS
489
PO625-MON
Hospital length of stay for deep vein thrombosis or
pulmonary embolism among patients receiving
rivaroxaban or warfarin
PO626-MON
Acute pulmonary embolism: external validation of the
2014 risk stratification model of the European society
of cardiology
Deitelzweig S1, Raut MK2, Margolis J3, Tran O3, Smith D3,
Bookhart B2, Schein J2 and Olson WH2
1
Hospital Medicine, Ochsner Clinical School, Ochsner Health
System, New Orleans, LA; 2Janssen Scientific Affairs LLC, Raritan,
NJ; 3Truven Health Analytics, Bethesda, MD, USA
Becattini C1, Agnelli G1, Lankeit M2, Masotti L3, Pruszczyk P4,
Casazza F5, Vanni S6, Nitti C7, Kamphuisen P8, Vedovati MC1, De
Natale MG1 and Konstantinides S2
1
Internal And Cardiovascular Medicine-Stroke Unit,, University
Of Perugia, Perugia, Italy, Perugia, Italy; 2Center for Thrombosis
and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz,, Mainz,
Germany; 3Internal Medicine, Santa Maria Nuova Hospital,,
Florence, Italy; 4Department of Internal Medicine and
Cardiology,, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland;
5
Ospedale San Carlo Borromeo, Milano; 6Azienda OspedalieroUniversitaria Careggi, Florence; 7Azienda OspedalieraUniversitaria,, Ancona, Italy; 8Department of Vascular Medicine,
University Medical Center Groningen,, University Medical Center
Groningen,, Groningen, The Netherlands
Background: Venous thromboembolism, including deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) result in substantial healthcare system burden. Treatment with warfarin (WAR), unlike the new
oral anticoagulants such as rivaroxaban (RIVA), requires monitoring
to achieve an international normalized ratio goal, potentially prolonging a patients hospital length of stay (LOS) and utilization.
Aims: To compare hospital LOS among DVT and PE patients initiating RIVA vs. WAR in a real-world setting.
Methods: Adults with a hospitalization for a primary diagnosis of
DVT or PE and initiated on RIVA or WAR were selected for retrospective claims analyses using MarketScans Hospital Drug Database
from 11/01/2012 and 12/31/2013. Patients receiving apixaban, dabigatran, or both RIVA and WAR were excluded. WAR patients were
matched 1:1 to RIVA patients using propensity score methods. LOS
was analyzed descriptively and modeled using negative binomial
regression.
Results: Final matched cohorts each included 751 primary PE and 472
primary DVT admissions. Patient characteristics were well matched
on demographic and clinical characteristics. Mean age of the matched
cohort was 64.5 years and 51.6% were females. Among the DVT
patients, the mean [median] hospital LOS for RIVA patients was 3.7
[3] days comparing to 5.0 [4] days for WAR cohort. The mean difference in DVT hospital LOS of 1.3 days was significant at P < 0.001.
The mean [median] LOS for primary PE was 3.8 [3] days for RIVA
and 5.0 [4] days for WAR. The mean difference in PE hospital LOS of
1.2 days was significant at P < 0.001. Modeling confirmed these
results. Days from first dose to discharge were 2.41 1.74 (RIVA)
and 4.02 3.26 (WAR) for patients initiated with parenteral anticoagulants (P < 0.001); and 2.73 1.72 (RIVA) and 3.81 2.31
(WAR) when initiated without parenteral anticoagulants (P < 0.001).
Conclusion: For DVT and PE admissions, rivaroxaban was associated
with significantly shorter hospital LOS than warfarin treatment.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Deitelzweig Consultant for: Janssen Scientific
Affairs, LLC who is the sponsor of this study., M. Raut Employee of:
Janssen Scientific Affair LLC which sponsored the study., J. Margolis
Consultant for: Truven Health Analytics, which was paid by Janssen
Scientific Affairs in connection with the development of this abstract,
O. Tran Consultant for: Truven Health Analytics, which was paid by
Janssen Scientific Affairs in connection with the development of this
abstract, D. Smith Consultant for: Truven Health Analytics, which
was paid by Janssen Scientific Affairs in connection with the development of this abstract, B. Bookhart Employee of: Janssen Scientific
Affair LLC which sponsored the study., J. Schein Employee of: Janssen Scientific Affair LLC which sponsored the study., W. Olson
Employee of: Janssen Scientific Affair LLC which sponsored the
study.
Background: In patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE), risk

stratification for short-term mortality is crucial to drive clinical management. The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) has recently proposed an updated model for risk stratification based on clinical
features, right ventricle dysfunction (RVD) and/or elevated troponin
(2014-ESC model).
Aims: The aim of this study was to provide an external validation of
the 2014-ESC model.
Methods: Consecutive patients with symptomatic, objectively confirmed PE were included in prospective cohorts that were subsequently
merged in a collaborative database. Patients were included in the
analysis if full information about their sPESI score, RVD (by either
echocardiography or computed tomography) and troponin levels were
available. Study outcomes were 30-day death and PE-related death (as
adjudicated by the local investigator).
Results: Among 906 patients (mean age 68 16, 489 females), 801
were hemodynamically stable. Death and PE-related death occurred
in 7.2% and 4.1% of the patients. Death rates according to risk
stratification (2014 and 2008-ESC models) are reported in the Table.
One of the 196 low-risk patients died (0.5%). The 2014 and the 2008
ESC models showed similar discriminatory powers for death (c-statistics 0.71; 95% CI 0.65- 0.77 vs. 0.71; 95% CI 0.650.78) as well as
for PE-related death (c-statistics 0.77; 95% CI 0.70- 0.85 vs. 0.79;
95% CI 0.720.85).
Conclusion: The 2014-ESC model avoids further testing in about 20%
of the patients preserving a high negative predictive value. The 2014ESC model has a discriminatory power for death and for death dueto-PE similar to that of the 2008-ESC model. Further studies are
required to improve the clinical profile of patients at intermediate-risk
to justify a treatment upgrading.
PO627-MON
Risk factors for recurrence and thromboembolic events
after isolated superficial vein thrombosis of lower
limbs
Sartori M, Favaretto E, Migliaccio L, Rodorigo G, Palareti G and
Cosmi B
Department of Angiology and Blood Coagulation, Azienda
Ospedaliero-Universitaria Di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Background: Superficial vein thrombosis (SVT) of the lower limbs is a
frequent finding in symptomatic outpatients, but risk factors for recur-
490
ABSTRACTS
rence and venous thromboembolism (VTE) after stopping treatment

are uncertain.
Aims: To assess the three-month outcome of isolated SVT and ascertain the impact of SVT characteristics on outcome.
Methods: In a retrospective single centre study we included all 464
symptomatic outpatients (age 66.5 15.7 year, female 61.9%) in
whom a real-time B-mode and color Doppler ultrasonography examination revealed a SVT without deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and/or
pulmonary embolism (PE). We excluded SVTs within 3 cm from the
sapheno-femoral/popliteal junction, patients with renal insufficiency
(GFR<30 mL min1), and patients that received vitamin K antagonists. Patients received full dose LMWH for 1 week followed by half
therapeutic dose LMWH for 3 weeks (n = 355) or fondaparinux
2.5 mg for 6 weeks (n = 109). The outcome of the present study was
symptomatic recurrent SVT, PE, and DVT. Follow-up visits were at
3 months.
Results: The most frequent risk factors for SVT in the study population was venous insufficiency (69.4%), cancer was present in 3.5% of
patients. During follow-up, 36 recurrent SVT (rate 7.7%, CI95%: 5.7
10.6%), 10 venous thrombo-embolic events (VTE rate 2.2%, CI95%:
1.23.9%) were recorded, which included 2 PE, and 8 DVT. Patients
with cancer (OR 8.5, CI95%: 1.644; P = 0.01) were at higher risk for
VTE but not for SVT recurrence. Male patients were at higher risk for
SVT recurrence (OR 2.1, CI95%: 1.14.3; P = 0.03). The type of anticoagulant therapy, age, and the presence of venous insufficiency were
not associated with the outcome.
Conclusion: The risk of recurrent VTE after SVT may be relevant,
especially in patients with active cancer.
PO628-MON
Efficacy and safety of treatment with anticoagulants in
patients with venous thromboembolism in Korea
Hwang HG1, Kim MS1, Lim G-I1, Sim E2 and Choi W-I3
1
Internal medicine; 2Pharmaceutical Department,
Soonchunhyang University Gumi Hospital, Gumi; 3Internal
medicine, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu,
Korea
Background: The incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in
Asia, is 33% lower than that of western populations, but recent retrospective study in Korean population, demonstrated a yearly increasing
incidence of VTE. So social concern is rising.
Aims: This study is designed to investigate the efficacy and safety of
treatment with anticoagulant in patients with pulmonary embolism
(PE) and/or deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in South Korea.
Methods: We reptrospectively evaluated the efficacy and safety of
treatment of 441 patients, including 139 patients with provoked group
and 302 with unprovoked group, consecutively collected from January
2005 to June 2013, in single tertiary hospital in Korea.
Results: Mean age was 66.4 13.3 for provoked group and
68.1 12.2 for unprovoked group. Patients with PE only in provoked
group and unprovoked group were 88 (63.3%) and 175 (58%), respectively. Recurrence rate were 10 (7.2%) for provoked group, 41
(13.6%) for unprovoked group, and 51 (11.6%) for overall. P -value
for recurrence rate was 0.052. 30-day mortality were 5 (3.6% for provoked group, 7 (2.3%) for unprovoked group, and 12 (2.7%) for overall.
Conclusion: Recurrence rate was similar to that of western study for
provoked and unprovoked VTE patients in Korea respectively. Special
care for increasing number of patients with VTE is needed.
Vitamin K antagonists I
PO629-MON
Prevalence of VKORC-1 polymorphisms across
caucasians and amerindians
Morandini MPV, Remotti L, Grosso S, Ingratti M, Alberto F,
Caruso V2, Luceros AS, Meschengieser SS, Lazzari M and
Blanco A
Instituto de Investigaciones Hematologicas Mariano R. Castex
Academia Nacional De Medicina2Hospital General de Agudos P.
~ero, CABA, Argentina
Pin
Background: Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex 1 (VKORC-1) is
the target enzyme of vitamin K antagonists. Polymorphisms (SNPs) in
VKORC-1 gene, mainly 1173C>T and 1639G>A, are associated with
different sensitivity to oral anticoagulants (OA). The knowledge about
the frequency of these SNPs in Amerindians is limited.
Aims: The aim of the study was to determine, VKORC-1 SNPs
(1173C>T and 1639G>A) frequency across Caucasians and descendants of Amerindians, in order to see possible differences between them.
Methods: Subjects: 130 random patients were selected (40% males and
60% females with mean age of 62 (range: 895) year-old; 65 individuals were Caucasian and 65 were descendants of Amerindians. The ethnic origin was assigned according to a questionnaire specially designed
and validated for that purpose. Genotyping was performed using
RFLPs: PCR reaction, followed by MspI (-1639G>A) or StyI
(1173C>T) digestion. Differences in allele frequencies among racial
groups were compared with Chi square test.
Results: SNPs frequencies were A) 1639G>A: 20 GG, 27 AG, 18 AA
in Caucasians and 16 GG, 36 AG, 13 AA in descendants of Amerindians and B) 1173C>T: 18 CC, 29 CT, 18 TT in Caucasians and 14 CC,
41 CT, 10 TT in descendants of Amerindians. Differences between
groups were not significant (Chi square P = 0.281 and P = 0.089
respectively).
Conclusion: Although the differences between the ethnic groups analyzed were not significant, higher proportion of heterozygotes were
found in descendants of Amerindians for both SNPs. The number of
subjects included in this preliminary analysis could be insufficient to
show significant differences. Moreover, the method applied to assign
the ethnic characteristics would imply some degree of ethnic misclassification. In order to exclude possible differences between these groups
we think that the analysis should be done on a higher number of subjects in whom ethnic assignment is performed by short tandem repeat
(STR) markers.
PO630-MON
Influence vitamin K antagonists on the thrombinemia
and homocysteine levels
Vorobyeva N and Rogozina A
Hemostasis, Nsmu, Archangelsk, Russian Federation
Background: Vitamin K antagonists administered for the prevention
and treatment of thrombosis.
Aims: The aim to determine the thrombin, thrombin antithrombin
complex, homocysteine levels at patients with atrial fibrillation and
deep vein thrombosis, taking warfarin.
Methods: The study included 46 patients, men and women at the age
of 54 (21 to 75 years) year, taking vitamin K antagonists. First group
consisted the patients with deep venous thrombosis (n = 37), the second group patients with atrial fibrillation (n = 9). All content was
determined in serum indicators thrombinemia level: thrombin,
thrombin antithrombin complex, and a marker of endothelial dysfunction homocysteine 1-st day (baseline) and at the 6-th month of
warfarin therapy.
ABSTRACTS
Results: The initial values of the studied parameters were not significantly different between groups, except for the thrombin-antithrombin complex level, which was higher in patients with deep venous
thrombosis (P < 0.05). After six months of use of warfarin the thrombin level were decreased statistically significantly in patients with atrial
fibrillation (P < 0.05) and thrombin antithrombin complex level
did not change (P > 0.05). In patients with deep vein thrombosis
thrombin level did not decrease (P > 0.05), and thrombin-antithrombin complex level increased statistically significantly (P < 0.05).
Homocysteine levels in both groups remained a high, due to the forced
use of a diet devoid green plants and vegetables, i.e, deficient in folic
sour and B vitamins.
Conclusion: Thus, patients of middle age with atrial fibrillation and
with thrombosis vitamin K antagonists therapy do not the level of
homocysteine knobjockey diet to maintain the effectiveness of therapy.
Patients with atrial fibrillation therapy vitamin K antagonists therapy
leads to lower of thrombin levels. The content thrombin-antithrombin complex higher in patients with thrombosis, due to original
higher thrombin level.
PO631-MON
Susceptibility of VKORC1 and its paralog VKORC1L1
towards different 4-hydroxycoumarins
ning K2, Hornung V2, Watzka M1
Liphardt K1, Czogalla KJ1, Ho
1
and Oldenburg J
1
Institute of Experimentelle H
amatologie u. Transfusionsmedizin;
2
Institute of Molecular Medicine, Universit
atsklinikum Bonn,
r, Bonn, Germany
Ao
Background: Vitamin K 2,3-epoxide reductase complex subunit 1
(VKORC1) and its paralog VKORC1-like1 (VKORC1L1) are
enzymes which catalyze the reduction of vitamin K (VK) 2,3-epoxide
to VK quinone and further to VK hydroquinone. However, they differ
in their substrate affinities and physiological roles. VKORC1 serves
VK hydroquinone for gamma carboxylation of vitamin K dependent
proteins, whereas VKORC1L1 was found to play a central role in
intracellular antioxidation. Both enzymes can be inhibited by Warfarin
and other 4-hydroxycoumarins (4-HC).
Aims: In the present study half-maximum inhibitory concentrations
(IC50 values) of different 4-hydroxycoumarins were determined for
the enzymes VKORC1 and VKORC1L1, respectively.
Methods: VKORC1 and VKORC1L1 gene expression was knocked out
in HEK cells using the CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technique. Positive
clones were verified through next generation sequencing (NGS) and
mRNA analysis. The cell-based assay was performed as described by
Fregin et al (2013). Different concentrations (ranging from 0.05 to
500 nM) of therapeutically used coumarins and various rodenticides
were tested and FIX activity was plotted against the respective 4-HC
concentration.
Results: MiSeq NGS revealed a 19 bp deletion (concomitant with a
substitution) in the VKORC1 gene and a two bp deletion and single bp
insertion in the VKORC1L1 gene. The altered genomic sequence was
confirmed by mRNA analysis. In the cell-based assay Warfarin
showed the highest IC50 difference between endogenous VKORC1
and VKORC1L1, 3.2 nM and 135 nM, respectively. The rodenticides
however, showed no marked difference in IC50 values.
Conclusion: VKORC1 and VKORC1L1 are enzymes susceptible to 4HC, with the therapeutically used coumarins showing a higher affinity
on VKORC1. Additionally, low levels of Warfarin inhibit VKORC1
whereas inhibition of VKORC1L1 requires a more than 40-fold
increase in Warfarin concentration. In contrast, rodenticides like bromadiolon are unselective inhibitors of the complete VK metabolism.
491
PO632-MON
Zymogen-like FXA variant as novel warfarin reversal
strategy: pre-clinical evaluation and mechanism of
action
Greene LA, Thalji NK and Camire RM
Hematology, The Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia,
Philadelphia, USA
Background: Despite emergence of novel oral anticoagulants, warfarin
remains the mainstay of thromboembolism intervention. It prevents ccarboxylation of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors, altering protein-membrane binding required for coagulation. We previously developed a zymogen-like FXa molecule, FXaI16L, with impaired active site
maturation and a greater half-life than wild-type FXa, but with normal procoagulant function in the prothrombinase complex.
Aims: We hypothesized FXaI16L would achieve in vivo hemostasis after
injury in mice anticoagulated with warfarin via bypassing affected factors upstream of prothrombin and directly activating prothrombin to
thrombin.
Methods: A carotid artery injury model (7.5% FeCl3) was employed to
evaluate hemostasis in the presence or absence of FXaI16L. Complete
vessel occlusion after injury was considered hemostatic. Untreated and
warfarin anticoagulated mice served as negative and positive controls,
respectively. Experimental warfarin anticoagulated mice of INR
cohorts 23, 68 or >8 were administered FXaI16L 5 min after injury.
Results: In untreated mice, occlusion occurred 68 min after injury
while warfarin anticoagulated mice did not occlude after 30 min. In
contrast, vessel occlusion in all warfarin mice occurred 37 min after
FXaI16L administration, irrespective of INR.
Conclusion: Our results provide the first in vivo efficacy data for use of
FXaI16L to reverse warfarin-associated coagulopathy and support its
use as a quick onset, short acting warfarin reversal agent. In vivo data
corroborate ex vivo results in which FXaI16L restored warfarin anticoagulated human whole blood thromboelastogram parameters. The
ability of FXaI16L to restore in vivo hemostasis in a warfarin mouse
model suggests it can activate un/undercarboxylated prothrombin and
generate sufficient thrombin to achieve hemostasis. This contrasts convention and questions the absolute requirement of prothrombin c-carboxylation for robust thrombin generation. FXaI16L is in clinical
development.
Disclosure of Interest: L. Greene: None Declared, N. Thalji: None
Declared, R. Camire Grant/Research Support from: Pfizer
PO633-MON
Clinical audit of anticoagulation reversal and outcome
in warfarin-associated intracranial haemorrhage
(WAICH)
Blunt D1, Sagheer S2 and McRae S2
1
Haematology, SA Pathology/Flinders Medical Centre;
2
Haematology, SA Pathology/Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide,
Australia
Background: WAICH has been documented at a rate of 1.48% in the
first 3 months and 0.65% year1 thereafter. WAICH is associated
with a 30-day mortality rate of 59.2%, however there is emerging data
that this may be reduced by the prompt reversal of the anticoagulant
effect of warfarin. There is little published Australian data regarding
the effectiveness of current practice in reversing warfarin in acute WAICH.
Aims: To assess the timeliness and completeness of warfarin reversal in
patients with WAICH, the consistency of current practice with consensus guidelines, and the impact of these factors on patient outcome.
Methods: We conducted a dual centre retrospective analysis of patients
presenting between July 2009 and June 2014 with WAICH. Patients
492
ABSTRACTS
were identified using the South Australian Blood Utilization Database.

Clinical, laboratory and imaging data, including timeliness of reversal
and in-hospital mortality were obtained by review of electronic and
paper patient records.
Results: In total, 282 patients were identified (57% male). The preliminary analysis was done on 175 patients (mean age 79 years). Intraparenchymal haemorrhage accounted for 35% of cases. Concurrent
use of an antiplatelet agent was present in 7.4% of patients. Median
INR on presentation was 2.6. Mean time from triage to CT scanning
was 5.1 h and CT to administration of prothrombin complex concentrate, FFP and vitamin K were 4.2 h, 5.0 h and 6.5 h respectively.
6.2%, 10.5% and 21% of patients had an INR 1.3 at 2 h, 4 h and
6 h post time of presentation and 81.5% at 24 h. When INR was corrected within 2 h (6.2% of patients), 30-day mortality rate was 0%.
Amongst all cases, 30-day mortality was 19%. Twenty-four of 80 cases
reviewed by paper records (30%) received therapy consistent with the
guidelines. Complete analysis for all the patients will be available for
final presentation.
Conclusion: Delays in delivery and divergence in practice from the
published guidelines may decrease or negate the potential benefits of
the reversal process.
PO634-MON
Effect of INR precision and accuracy on therapeutic
quality control in patients receiving vitamin Kantagonists
Van Den Besselaar A1 and van der Meer FJ1,2
1
Thrombosis and Hemostasis; 2Leiden University Medical Center,
Background: Therapeutic Quality Control (TQC) of anticoagulation
consists of continuous assessment of the proportion of time spent by
each patient in the target range. TQC of an anticoagulation clinic may
be approximated by the proportion of INRs in the therapeutic range.
To obtain this proportion, it is recommended to review all patients
last INR values at a certain point in time, i.e. one INR value per
patient (Thromb Haemost 1990;63:316). TQC depends, in part, on the
quality of laboratory or point-of-care (POC) INR measurements. In
general, laboratory measurements are more precise than POC measurements. Also, values for the International Sensitivity Index (ISI) of
a system may vary by approximately 5% from the true values.
Aims: To assess the effect of INR precision and accuracy on TQC.
Methods: A theoretical model was used in which the INRs of patients
were normally distributed. The percentage of INRs within the therapeutic range (2.0 3.0) was used as a measure of TQC. TQC was calculated for various values of measurement imprecision and
inaccuracy. Imprecision was expressed as the coefficient of variation
(CV, in percent). A systematic error in the ISI of a measurement system was used to calculate the effect of INR inaccuracy on TQC.
Results: TQC decreased with increasing imprecision. For example, if
the true TQC was 60.5% (i.e. when the INR mean and standard deviation of the distribution was 2.5 and 0.595, respectively) the apparent
TQC for CV = 4% was decreased to approximately 60.0%. For CV =
8%, TQC was further decreased to 58.2%. For a systematic error of
5% increase of the ISI, TQC was decreased to 55%. For a systematic
error of 5% decrease of the ISI, TQC was increased to 63.6%.
Conclusion: For imprecision equal to or less than 4% there was no
important effect on TQC. The effect of systematic ISI errors on TQC
depends on the sign and the magnitude of the ISI error.
PO635-MON
Hemizygous deletion of 7Q11.21-Q11.23 eliminating
VKORC1L1 does not impair blood coagulation but
reveals accumulation of menaquinone-4
Schulman S1, Fu X2, Booth SL2, Rthlisberger B3, Furie BC1 and
Furie B1
1
Medical Center and Harvard Medical School; 2Vitamin K
Laboratory, Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human
Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston,
USA; 3Center of Laboratory Medicine, Cantonal Hospital, Aarau,
Switzerland
Background: The warfarin-sensitive vitamin K epoxide reductase
encoded by VKORC1 regenerates vitamin K hydroquinone to ensure
c-carboxylation of the vitamin K-dependent coagulation proteins. A
paralogous protein encoded by VKORC1L1 shares 50% sequence
identity with VKORC1 and reduces vitamin K epoxide in vitro. The
biological role for VKORC1L1 remains unknown.
Aims: A patient with infantile spasms underwent array-Comparative
Genomic Hybridization demonstrating a 13 Mb deletion of 7q11.21q11.23 resulting in hemizygous deletion of VKORC1L1. We aimed to
clarify the role of VKORC1L1 by studying its partial deficiency in
humans for the first time.
Methods: Citrated plasma was used to determine the prothrombin and
partial thromboplastin times, specific blood coagulation protein activity levels, and des-c-carboxy prothrombin level. Vitamin K analysis
was performed by reversed-phase HPLC with post-column reduction
followed by fluorometric detection.
Results: Coagulation parameters were normal with a prothrombin
time of 11.0 s, international normalized ratio 1.0, and partial thromboplastin time 35.5 s. Vitamin K-dependent protein levels were unaffected with prothrombin 114%, factor VII 84%, factor IX 81%, and
factor X 75%. Plasma des-c-carboxy prothrombin was < 2.0 ng mL1.
Plasma demonstrated significant accumulation of menaquinone-4, a
metabolite of vitamin K1, to 0.5 nM. Menaquinone-4 was not detected
in pooled normal plasma.
Conclusion: Hemizygous deletion of VKORC1L1 does not impair ccarboxylation of vitamin K-dependent clotting proteins or coagulation
in humans. Deletion of 7q11.21-q11.23 reveals unanticipated accumulation of menaquinone-4 but not accumulation of the quinone epoxide
forms. These findings suggest that VKORC1 and VKORC1L1 are not
redundant, but may prefer phylloquinones and menaquinones, respectively. Our findings help to explain the exclusive identification of mutations in VKORC1 predicting warfarin dose requirement and causing
vitamin K-dependent clotting factor deficiency type II.
PO636-MON
Selection, management and outcome of VKA patients
with atrial fibrillation not switched to novel oral
anticoagulants results from the Dresden Noac
registry (NCT01588119)
Michalski F, Werth S, Tittl L, Marten S, Weiss N and
Beyer-Westendorf J
Center for Vascular Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav
Carus, Dresden, Germany
Background: Currently, many atrial fibrillation (AF) patients are
switched from vitamin-K antagonists (VKA) to non-VKA oral anticoagulants (NOAC).
Aims: To evaluate patient characteristics, selection patterns and outcome of VKA patients with AF not switched to NOAC in daily care.
ABSTRACTS
Methods: Then the Dresden registry stopped enrolment of NOAC
patients with AF on February 28, 2013 participating physicians were
asked to enrol all VKA patients seen for regular INR testing, who
remained on VKA at that day and for whom switching to NOAC was
not anticipated. VKA patients were followed until October 31th 2014.
Results: The sites that enrolled 427 VKA patients had previously
enrolled 706 NOAC patients, which served as control. Demographic
characteristics were comparable for both cohorts but VKA patients
had a significantly lower bleeding risk (HAS-BLED score 2: 38.2%
VKA vs. 60.6% NOAC patients).
Mean duration of VKA pre-treatment was 72 months (range 3
384 m). Stable INR was the predominant reason (95.3%) for VKA
continuation. Before enrolment, mean ( SD) time in therapeutic INR
range (TTR) was 71% ( 21).
During a median follow-up of 475d, TTR increased to 75%. 5 VKA
patients (1.2%) experienced stroke/TIA/systemic embolism during or
within 7 days after last VKA intake (0.94/100 patient-years; 95% CI
0.30 to 2.19). 22 patients (5.2%) patients experienced ISTH major
bleeding (4.15/100 patient-years; 95% CI 2.60 to 6.29).
In contrast, 18 of the 706 NOAC patients (2.6%) treated at the same
sites (median follow-up of 730 d) developed stroke/TIA/systemic
embolism during or within 3 days after their last intake of NOAC
treatment (1.5/100 patient-years, 95% CI 0.92.39) and 44 patients
(6.2%) patients experienced ISTH major bleeding (3.74/100 patientyears; 95% CI 2.725.02).
Conclusion: Patients with stable INR and low bleeding risk are selected
for VKA continuation. With a TTR of 75%, cardioembolic events are
rare but the rate of major bleeding is at least as high as that of patients
at higher bleeding risk treated with NOAC.
Disclosure of Interest: F. Michalski: None Declared, S. Werth Speaker
Bureau of: Bayer Healthcare,, L. Tittl: None Declared, S. Marten:
None Declared, N. Weiss Grant/Research Support from: Pfizer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bayer Healthcare, Daiichi Sankyo, Speaker Bureau
of: Pfizer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bayer Healthcare, Daiichi Sankyo, J.
Beyer-Westendorf Grant/Research Support from: Pfizer, Boehringer
Ingelheim, Bayer Healthcare, Daiichi Sankyo, Speaker Bureau of:
Pfizer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bayer Healthcare, Daiichi Sankyo
PO637-MON
Antagonization of warfarin in cells: warfarin binding
on human VKORC1 is reversible
ning K2, Hornung V2 and
Czogalla K1, Biswas A1, Watzka M1, Ho
Oldenburg J1
1
Institute Of Experimental Haematology And Transfusion
Medicine; 2Institute of Molecular Medicine, Bonn, Germany
Background: Vitamin K Oxidoreductase Complex subunit 1
(VKORC1) catalyzes the reduction of vitamin K 2,3-epoxide to the
quinone form and further to vitamin K hydroquinone (KH2). KH2
serves as essential substrate during c-carboxylation of vitamin K
dependent proteins (e.g. FII, FVII, FIX, FX) by c-glutamyl carboxylase. In therapy and prevention of thrombosis, inhibition of VKORC1
by 4-hydroxycoumarins like Warfarin are used for oral anticoagulation. Warfarin is thought to bind VKORC1 irreversibly. However,
over-anticoagulation can be antagonized in vivo by high doses of vitamin K. The mechanism for this effect is still unsolved
Aims: Characterization of Warfarin binding to VKORC1 in a cellbased system.
Methods: HEK293T knockout (KO) cell lines for VKORC1 and
VKORC1L1 were generated by CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing. These cells
were transfected with F9 cDNA, or a bicistronic vector containing
VKORC1 and F9 cDNA. Before and after transfection cells were
grown in media with different concentrations of Warfarin and vitamin
K1 (VK1). FIX activity served as surrogate marker for VKORC1
activity and Warfarin inhibition
493
Results: All cell lines showed decreased FIX activities when treated
with Warfarin. FIX activity was recovered at all Warfarin concentrations by increasing VK1 levels. E. g. VKORC1L1 KO cells treated with
5 nM Warfarin and 5 ng lL1 VK1 showed residual FIX activity of
30%. Supplementation of a higher VK1 concentration of 25 ng lL1
at 5 nM Warfarin led to an increase in FIX activity up to 60%.
VKORC1/VKORC1L1 double KO cells transfected with F9 cDNA did
not show any FIX activity when treated with high VK1 concentrations
Conclusion: Warfarin binding to VKORC1 is reversible with VK1 able
to displace Warfarin. The high VK1 levels needed to recover FIX
activity reflects the higher affinity of Warfarin to VKORC1 compared
to VK1. Additionally, there is no bypass enzyme present catalyzing
vitamin K reduction in double KO cells. Thus, antagonization of overdosed Warfarin in patients by vitamin K probably follows the same
mechanism
PO638-MON
Relationship between vitamin k antagonists and
recurrent bleeding events in patients with non-valvular
atrial fibrillation: real-world findings from England
Alikhan R1, Lefevre C2, Menown I3, Lister S4, Lacoin L5, Bird A6,
You M7, Ridha E5 and Evans D2
1
Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, University Hospital of
Wales, Cardiff, UK; 2Worldwide Health Economics and
Outcomes Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Rueil-Malmaison,
France; 3Cardiology Department, Craigavon Cardiac Centre,
Craigavon; 4Health Economics and Outcomes Research;
5
Medical, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Uxbridge; 6Health Economics
and Outcomes Research, Pfizer, Surrey, UK; 7Worldwide Health
Economics and Outcomes Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb,
Plainsboro, USA
Background: More than one million adults in the UK are affected by
non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF), a leading cause of arterial embolisation and stroke. The most commonly prescribed anticoagulant
in the UK is a vitamin K antagonist (VKA).
Aims: Estimate the association between bleeding events on the risk of
subsequent bleeding in patients with NVAF anticoagulated with
VKA.
Methods: Retrospective cohort study of NVAF patients treated with
VKA using Clinical Practice Research Datalink and Hospital Episode
Statistics databases (CPRD-HES), containing GP and hospitalization
data in England. Using Read, ICD-10, and Product codes to identify
NVAF, bleeds (any bleeds [AB] as a composite of major bleeds [MB]
and clinically relevant non-major bleeds [CRNMB]), and VKA prescriptions. We used time-varying Cox models to estimate the risk of
another bleed after each bleeding event, reported as hazard ratios
(HRs) and 95% CIs adjusted on baseline patient characteristics, during follow-up time on VKA therapy.
Results: We identified 29,489 NVAF patients treated with VKA. Median follow-up time was 22 patient-months. Mean age was 73.4 (SD
10.5), 58% were men, and 82% were Caucasian. Overall, 14.6%,
8.1%, and 6.5% of patients experienced at least one AB, MB, or
CRNMB, respectively. Among patients who continued on VKA after
a 1st bleed, 35.3%, 16.2%, and 19.2% suffered at least a 2nd AB, MB,
or CRNMB, respectively. We observed a 4-fold increased risk of a
recurrent bleed following a 1st bleed (HR 4.2; 3.94.5) and a 5-fold to
8-fold increased risk of 2nd (HR 5.6; 5.06.2) and 3rd (HR 8.4; 7.4
9.6) bleeds compared to follow-up time without any bleed.
Conclusion: One in 7 NVAF patients treated with a VKA suffered a
MB or CRNMB, which was predictive of their risk of suffering subsequent bleeds on VKA. There is a clear need for further research to
494
ABSTRACTS
guide patient bleed risk stratification as well as the role of VKA discontinuation and/or initiation of alternative anticoagulation therapies.
Disclosure of Interest: R. Alikhan Consultant for: Bristol-Myers
Squibb, Pfizer, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, and Daiichi Sankyo, C.
Lefevre Employee of: Bristol-Myers Squibb, I. Menown Consultant
for: Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Pfizer, Bayer, and Boehringer Ingelheim,
S. Lister Employee of: Bristol-Myers Squibb, L. Lacoin Employee of:
Bristol-Myers Squibb, A. Bird Employee of: Pfizer, M. You Employee
of: Bristol-Myers Squibb, E. Ridha Employee of: Bristol-Myers
Squibb, D. Evans Employee of: Bristol-Myers Squibb.
PO639-MON
Risk factors for gastro-intestinal bleeding in atrial
fibrillation patients on VKA treatment: prospective
analysis of two cohorts of patients
Poli D1, Antonucci E2, Testa S3, Tosetto A4, Ageno W5, Palareti G6
and on behalf of FCSA
1
Dept of Hearth and Vessels-Thrombosis Centre, AOU-Careggi;
2
of Florence, Florence; 3Haemostasis and Thrombosis Centre, A O
Istituti Ospitalieri di Cremona, Cremona; 4Department of
Hematology, S. Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza; 5Department of
Clinical Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese; 6Department of
Angiology and Blood Coagulation, University HospitalS. OrsolaMalpighi, Bologna, Italy
Background: Vitamin K antagonists (VKA) therapy for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation (AF) has been the treatment of choice until
the marketing of novel anticoagulants (NOACs). A reduction of cerebral bleeding has been demonstrated with NOACS, instead VKA
showed a lower gastro-intestinal(GI) bleeding risk.
Aims: We examined 2 cohorts of AF patients to evaluate risk factors
associated with GI bleeding: Methods: The study included 3015 AF
patients enrolled in EPICA study(1)(cohort 1) and 1085 AF patients
previously described(2) (cohort 2). Risk factors for GI bleeding were
analyzed at univariate analysis
Results: Cohort 1 patients were older (median age 83(80102)years)
than cohort 2 (median age 75(3094 years); 51 ad 33 GI bleedings (rate
0.67 and 0.66x100 patients/years) were recorded in cohort 1 and 2,
respectively. Only history of bleeding (table) was significantly associated to bleeding risk at Cox regression analysis in both cohorts
Sex(female)
Hypertension
Diabetes
CAD
Renal failure
Previous stroke/tia
Previous bleeding
MedianTTR (IQR)
Heart failure
PO640-MON
Predictors of ich recurrence on vka: severity of the first
episode and hasbled score fail to identify high risk
patients from the CHIRONE Study
Poli D1, Antonucci E2, Dentali F3, Testa S4, Palareti G5 and on
behalf of FCSA
1
Department of Heart and Vessels-Thrombosis Centre, AOUCareggi; 2Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine,
University of Florence, Florence; 3Department of Clinical
Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese; 4Haemostasis and
Thrombosis Centre, A O Istituti Ospitalieri of Cremona,
Cremona; 5Department of Angiology and Blood Coagulation,
University Hospital S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
Background: The most feared complication of Vitamin K Antagonists
(VKAs) treatment is intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). The previously
published CHIRONE Study (1) fails to identify risk factors associated
with ICH recurrence after VKAs resumption
Aims: The aim of this secondary analysis of the Study is to evaluate if
patients who need surgery or with severe neurological sequelae after
the first episode show a higher risk of ICH recurrence. The HASBLED
score was used to
Methods: The study included 267 patients from 27 Italian Centres. The
treatment of the index ICH, surgical or medical was recorded; Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score 3 was used to define patients with
severe neurological impairment; HASBLED score 3 was used to
identify high bleeding risk patients
Results: During follow-up, 20 patients (7.5%) had ICH recurrence
(rate of 2.56 x100 pt-yrs). No difference in the type of treatment (HR
1.5; 95% CI 0.494.74) and neurological impairment with mRS3
(HR 0.9; 95% CI 0.312.83) were found in relation to ICH recurrence.
The mean HASBLED score was similar between the 2 groups
(P = 0.54).
Conclusion: In conclusion the results of our study suggest that neither
the severity of the index ICH at presentation nor the HASBLED clinical prediction rule should be used to assess the risk of recurrence in
patients who need VKAs resumption after a previous ICH.
(1)Poli D, Antonucci E, Dentali F, Erba N, Testa S, Tiraferri E, et al.
Recurrence of ICH after resumption of anticoagulation with VK
antagonists: CHIRONE study Neurology. 2014 25;82:10201026
Cohort1 GI
Cohort1 No GI
p value
Cohort2 GI
Cohort2 No GI
P value
30
41
11
19
4
14
11
65 (4977.7)
17
1331
2158
515
654
296
577
75
63 (5075)
768
0.06
0.24
0.45
0.01
1.00
0.15
0.000(*)
0.78
0.25
15
23
5
4
2
13
4
72 (64.576)
9
395
734
219
234
71
299
29
74 (6282)
259
0.36
1.00
0.51
0.20
1.00
0.17
0.03(**)
0.54
0.65
(*)OR 13.5 (95% CI 6.827.0) (**) OR 3.1 (95%CI 1.18.7)
Conclusion: In this study on AF patients on VKA the risk of GI bleedings was similarly low among very old and younger patients. The history of previous bleeding events was the only risk factor associated
with GI bleeding.
(1) Poli D, et al. Circulation. 2011;124:8249
(2) Poli D, et al. Intern Emerg Med. 2014;9:4437
ABSTRACTS
PO641-MON
Perioperative interruption of warfarin anticoagulation
Shaw J1, Scarvelis D2, Castellucci L1,2,3, Gandara E2,3, Riches W2,
Hogg K4 and Wells P1,2,3
1
University of Ottawa; 2The Ottawa Hospital; 3Ottawa Hospital
Research Institute, Ottawa; 4McMaster University, Hamilton,
Canada
Background: In the absence of data from randomized controlled studies, the 2012 ACCP guidelines do not recommend using low molecular
weight heparin (LMWH) bridging anticoagulation therapy in patients
with low risk atrial fibrillation (AF), defined as CHADS 2 score of 02
(including no stroke in the past 6 months), who require interruption of
warfarin for surgery or procedures.
Aims: To audit clinical management of perioperative warfarin interruption in patients with low risk AF in a practice of ten thrombosis
physicians.
Methods: A prospective audit evaluating two four-month periods
between 2013 and 2014 was performed at The Ottawa Hospital. The
main outcome was use of bridging for perioperative management of
anticoagulation according to ACCP guidelines. Other outcomes
assessed were arterial and venous thrombotic events and major bleeding events up to 30 days post-procedure.
Results: In this time period 235 patients on warfarin anticoagulation
were evaluated for perioperative anticoagulation management. Of this,
56 patients met criteria for low risk AF. The prescribed bridging regimen follows: 19 patients (34%) received LMWH pre- and post-operatively; 16 (29%) had pre-op LMWH only; 3 (5%) had post-op LMWH
only; and 18 patients (32%) received no LMWH bridging during warfarin interruption. All postoperative doses of LMWH prescribed were
prophylactic doses. One patient receiving LMWH bridging suffered a
stroke on post-operative day one. There were no adverse bleeding or
venous thrombotic events.
Conclusion: In this single centre evaluation of perioperative anticoagulation management, less than one third of patients received treatment
in accordance with current clinical practice guidelines, which suggests
avoidance of bridging. Well-designed studies evaluating the efficacy of
LMWH are needed to reduce variation in practice and avoid the exposure of patients to potentially harmful interventions.
Von Willebrand disease I

PO642-MON
Cost of treating thrombotic events in a US population
of von Willebrand disease patients
Khachatryan A and Xiong Y
Baxter Bioscience, Westlake Village, USA
Background: Current available factor replacement therapy (FRT) for
von Willebrand Disease (vWD) contains FVIII. Thromboembolic
events (TEE) are a small but serious risk in patients with elevated
FVIII levels as a result of accumulation from repeated doses of FRT
(Manucci, 2004).
Aims: To assess the total medical cost incurred in one year of treating
TEEs in vWD.
Methods: This retrospective database analysis utilized the MarketscanDatabase, a US medical claims database, from Jan 2006 to Mar
2014. Patients with inpatient diagnosis for a TEE (ICD-9 code for
venous thromboembolism [VTE], myocardial infarction [MI], ischemic
stroke [IS], etc.) were identified, with the first inpatient TEE visit
defined as the index date (ID). VWD diagnosis (286.4) was required
prior to ID and 12 month continuous enrollment both prior and post
ID. Direct medical costs of TEE management in the first year were
estimated for inpatient and outpatient settings. The subset of VWD
495
patients prescribed FRT prior to ID was also described. Costs were

adjusted to 2013USD using the medical consumer price index.
Results: One hundred fifty-three vWD subjects were identified with an
inpatient TEE. Mean age at the ID was 56 years (294 yrs) and 69.9%
were female. Median annual cost and range associated with treatment
of TEEs was $21,166 ($1300$867,710). VTE and IS were most common TEEs (36.0% 1 VTE, $24,338 ($1063$235,090) and 32.7% 1
IS, $11,326 ($1300$368,550), respectively). Patients prescribed FRT
(n = 12) had a median annual cost of $64,648 ($4690$137,705) for
TEE treatment.
Conclusion: This is the first study to estimate the total cost associated
with management of TEEs in vWD. TEEs are a burden to the healthcare system and are potentially life-threatening. A vWD treatment
option that can avoid the risk of FVIII accumulation may benefit
vWD patients at risk for TEEs.
Disclosure of Interest: A. Khachatryan Employee of: Baxter Healthcare, Y. Xiong Employee of: Baxter Healthcare.
PO643-MON
An open-label, multi-center extension study to assess
the efficacy and safety of a plasma-derived von
willebrand factor/factor VIII (VWF/FVIII) concentrate
in pediatric, adolescent, and adult subjects with von
willebrand disease
Lissitchkov T1, Klukowska A2, Kuliczkowski K3, Buevich E4,
Auerswald G5, Stasyshyn O6 and Seifert W7
1
Department of Hemorrhagic Diathesis and Anemia, Specialized
Hospital for Active Treatment (SHAT) Joan Pavel, Sofia,
Bulgaria; 2Department of Pediatrics, Haematology and Oncolgy,
Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw; 3Independent Public
Clinical Hospital No 1, Wroclaw, Poland; 4State Medical
University of Roszdrav, Bernaul, Russian Federation; 5ProfessorHess-Kinderklinik, Hospital Bremen-Mitte, Bremen, Germany;
6
Institute of Blood Pathology and Transfusion Medicine,
Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine; 7Clinical
Development, CSL Behring, Marburg, Germany
Background: Voncento comes with a low-volume and the solution
contains a large proportion of high-molecular-weight VWF multimers
with a VWF:FVIII ratio of 2.4:1. The SWIFT (Studies with von
Willebrand factor/Factor VIII) program is evaluating this product in
hemophilia A and VWD patients in accordance with the European
clinical and pediatric guidelines.
Aims: This open-label study evaluated the long-term efficacy and
safety of Voncento in VWD subjects in whom treatment is required
for prophylactic therapy, hemostatic control during surgery, or control
of a non-surgical, spontaneous, or traumatic bleeding event.
Methods: Twenty subjects (3 children aged <12 years from the pediatric SWIFTLY-VWD study; 15 adults (18 years) and 2 adolescents
(12-<18 years) from SWIFT-VWD study) who had completed their
12 month treatment period extended their treatment up to an additional 32 months.
Results: In the prophylaxis arm, 9 subjects received a median number
of 109 infusions (median dose 43 IU VWF:RCo kg1). They reported
118 non-surgical bleeds (NSB), 96 (71%) of which required treatment;
1 subject had no bleeds. The majority of NSB required only 1 infusion
(71%) and were minor. Hemostatic efficacy was assessed by the investigator as excellent or good for 98% of bleeds. In the on-demand
arm 8 subjects experienced 402 NSB (median number 35), 77 of
which required treatment. The median number of infusions was 17
(median dose 55 IU VWF:RCo kg1). Hemostatic efficacy was
assessed by the investigator aa excellent or good for 99% of bleeds.
Two subjects started with prophylaxis treatment, but were switched to
on-demand therapy. The adverse events were only mild-moderate and
496
ABSTRACTS
no cases of anaphylactic reactions or angioedema, FVIII/VWF inhibitors, thromboembolic events, or viral infectious disorders were seen.
Conclusion: This contemporary comprehensive development program
evaluating Voncento across all ages demonstrates long-term safety
and efficacy for treatment and prevention of bleeds in subjects with
severe VWD.
Disclosure of Interest: T. Lissitchkov: None Declared, A. Klukowska:
None Declared, K. Kuliczkowski: None Declared, E. Buevich: None
Declared, G. Auerswald: None Declared, O. Stasyshyn: None
Declared, W. Seifert Employee of: CSL Behring.
PO644-MON
Thrombocytopenia during DDAVP test in two children
with type 2A von Willebrand disease
Frontroth JP1, Pepe CM1, Hepner M1, Sciuccati G2, Pieroni G1,
Annetta SE1, Cervio C2, Feliu-Torres A2 and Bonduel M2
1
Laboratorio de Hemostasia y Trombosis; 2Servicio de
Hematologia y Oncologia, Hospital De Pediatria Prof Dr Juan P
Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Background: Transient thrombocytopenia following DDAVP is not
frequent but is reported in patients with von Willebrand disease
(VWD) type 2B. Also, serendipitous findings reported this behavior in
other patients without diagnosis of VWD 2B. Mutations in von Willebrand factor (VWF) affecting disulfide bridges in the A1 loop are
described as type 2A VWD.
Aims: To describe two patients who showed transient thrombocytopenia during DDAVP test who initially presented with type 2A VWD.
Methods: Two unrelated girls (6.3y and 9.0y) with a phenothypic diagnosis of type 2A VWD, both presenting with low VWF:Ag (22 and
27%), VWF:RCo <5% and VWF:CB <5%. No history of thrombocytopenia or hyper responsiveness to low dose ristocetin (LDR).
DDAVP testing was performed. Platelet count (PC) and morphology
along with PT, aPTT, FVIII:C, VWF:Ag, VWF:RCo, VWF:CB were
evaluated at 0, 30, 60, 120 and 240 min post DDAVP infusion. Analysis of VWF exon 28 was performed with PCR-sequencing.
Results: PC decreased from 194 to 27x109L1 and 274 to 52x109L1 in
both patients at 30 min, with normalization at 120 min. At 30 min,
platelet clumps were observed. Slight increases in VWF:CB were evident, although no VWF:RCo amelioration could be demonstrated.
Spontaneous aggregation and enhanced response to LDR were
detected in mixing studies at this time. Sequencing detected a
p.Cys1272Trp mutation in one patient and a p.Cys1458Tyr in the
other, affecting the disulfide bridge of the A1 loop of VWF.
Conclusion: We describe two patients with phenotypic data initially
compatible with a type 2A VWD who showed a type 2B VWD phenotype during DDAVP testing. To our knowledge, this is the first report
of in vivo behavior of these mutations. These cases allow us to hypothesize that disruption of A1 disulfide knot lead to a misfolding of the
VWF molecule affecting its function and could explain the transient
thrombocytopenia in these patients due a rapid binding of VWF to
platelet GPIb and a short half-life because of enhanced A2 site exposure to protease action.
PO645-MON
Ruling out von Willebrand disease in preoperative
patients with bleeding symptoms
Vries MJA1, Lance MD2, Van Oerle CGM1, Wetzels RJH3,
Beckers EAM4, Nelemans PJ5, Ten Cate H1 and Henskens YMC3
1
Biochemistry, Maastricht University; 2Anesthesiology; 3Central
Diagnostic Laboratory; 4Hematology, Academic Hospital of
Maastricht; 5Clinical Epidemiology, Maastricht University,
Background: von Willebrand disease (vWD) is the most common congenital bleeding disorder. Because of the risk of major hemorrhage,
timely detection of patients with vWD prior to surgery is imperative.
The Platelet Function Analyzer-100 (PFA-100) has been proposed as a
screening tool for vWD.
Aims: To determine the sensitivity of the PFA-100 to detect low von
Willebrand factor antigen (vWF:Ag) and activity (vWF:RCo) in preoperative patients with bleeding symptoms.
Methods: Consecutive patients visiting the anesthesiology department
from August 2013 to November 2014 reporting 1 bleeding symptom
(s) were included. Exclusion criteria were: referral to the hematology
department, antihemostatic drugs, known bleeding disorder, thrombocytopenia or anemia. Citrated blood was obtained before surgery.
PFA-100 closure times (CTs) were measured with collagen-adenosine
diphosphate (C-ADP) and collagen-epinephrine (C-epi) cartridges, 1 h
after blood withdrawal. vWF:Ag, vWF:RCo (Siemens, Marburg), factor VIII and platelet count were measured once. C-ADP > 118 and Cepi > 160 s were considered prolonged. Low vWF:Ag and vWF:RCo
were defined as < 50% (reference range 50150%), warranting further
diagnostic steps to diagnose or exclude vWD. Informed consent was
obtained and the local medical ethics committee approved the study.
Results: Blood samples were obtained in 146 patients. In 3 patients
both vWF:Ag and vWF:RCo were < 50% and in 1 patient vWF:RCo
was < 50% and vWF:Ag 52%. Two of these patients had prolonged
CT(s). In 13 patients with normal vWF:Ag and vWF:RCo one or both
CTs were prolonged. No patients had factor VIII < 60% or platelet
count < 150x109 L1. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative
predictive value of the PFA-100 for low vWF:Ag and/or vWF:RCo
were 50%, 90.8%, 13.3% and 98.5%, respectively.
Conclusion: In preoperative patients with low suspicion of vWD, the
PFA-100 is not a reliable test to rule out (mild) vWD as the sensitivity
for detecting low vWF:Ag and vWF:RCo is low.
PO646-MON
Health-related quality of life among von willebrand
disease patients is not related to disease severity
Xu Y1, Deforest M2, Grabell J3, Hopman W4 and James PD5
1
School of Medicine; 2NCIC Clinical Trials Group; 3Department
of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queens University;
4
Clinical Research Centre, Kingston General Hospital;
5
Department of Medicine, Queens University, Kingston, Canada
Background: von Willebrand disease (VWD) is the most common
inherited bleeding disorder known in humans: while estimated to affect
between 0.1 and 1% of the general population, many are never diagnosed. Currently, there is paucity of published studies investigating the
health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in VWD, particularly among
mild VWD patients.
Aims: To determine the HRQoL and its predictors among patients
with mild, moderate and severe forms of VWD.
Methods: Patients with clinical diagnosis of VWD were recruited from
a tertiary Inherited Bleeding Disorder Clinic in Kingston, Ontario.
Upon informed consent, standardized bleeding scores using the Self-
ABSTRACTS
BAT (Self-administered Bleeding Assessment Tool) were obtained.
Each participant then completed a HRQoL questionnaire (SF-36).
Analyses included paired samples t-tests and Pearson correlations.
Results: 92 patients completed the questionnaires (consent rate=98%).
On average, the participants were 38 years of age (range: 1873), primarily female (80%), and the majority were diagnosed with VWD
Type 1 (82%). Compared to age- and sex-matched Canadian normative data, VWD patients had clinically and statistically significant
reductions in 7 of 8 HRQoL domains, including physical and mental
component summaries. No correlation was found between HRQoL
status and VWD severity, bleeding scores, serum ferritin, serum VWF,
socioeconomic status or rurality.
Conclusion: This study is the first in North America to examine the
impact of VWD on HRQoL across disease severity and bleeding phenotype. Significant reductions in HRQoL scores among VWD patients
strengthen the rationale for screening strategies for detection of this
under-diagnosed disease in the community. Patients with mild VWD
had similar impairment in HRQoL compared to their counterparts
with moderate or severe forms of the disease.
PO647-MON
Plasma-derived, purified, pasteurised von Willebrand
factor/factor VIII concentrate in the treatment of
patients with von Willebrand disease and haemophilia
a: update of a long-term observational study
Wermes C1, Holzhauer S2, Halimeh S3, Kemkes-Matthes B4,
Sommerer P5, Wieland I6, Krause M7 and on behalf of the
HaemateP Study Group
1
Werlhof-Institut f
ur Haemostaseologie GmbH, Hannover;
2
University Hospital Charit
e, Berlin; 3Medical Thrombosis and
Haemophilia treatment Centre, Duisburg; 4Haemostasis Centre,
University Hospitals Giessen and Marburg GmbH, Giessen; 5CSL
Behring GmbH, Marburg; 6Paediatric Haematology and
Oncology, MH Hannover, Hannover; 7German Clinic for
Diagnostic, Wiesbaden, Germany
Background: Comprehensive, large-scale, non-interventional studies
are effective tools to collect data on products in the post marketing authorisation period.
Aims: This study assessed the long-term effectiveness, tolerability and
safety of a purified, pasteurised and lyophilised human plasma-derived
von Willebrand factor/factor VIII concentrate (Haemate P, CSL
Behring GmbH, Marburg, Germany) in the treatment of patients with
von Willebrand disease (VWD) and haemophilia A (HA).
Methods: Previously untreated and previously treated patients with
VWD or HA at any age, who had received Haemate P were eligible
for enrollment. Based on the proceeding at the centres, patients were
routinely seen and documented every 6 to 12 months. Parameters documented comprised effectiveness-, safety-, pharmacoeconomic-, pharmacokinetic data, relevant concomitant diseases and medication.
Results: Up to now, 108 patients were enrolled into this study and data
from 497 visits were available for this analysis. 101 patients suffered
from VWD (66 patients with type 1, 23 patients with type 2, 11
patients with type 3, and one patient with unknown type), and 7
patients from HA. The median age was 33 years (range 0.3 84.3). In
all VWD patients the median number of bleeds per year was 1.80 (in
the VWD type 1 patients: median 2.73 bleeds; VWD type 2 patients:
median 1.67 bleeds; VWD type 3 patients: median 0.97 bleeds). This is
correlated to a higher percentage of patients with on-demand treatment in type 1 patients. Effectiveness of Haemate P was judged to be
excellent or good in 93.7% of all bleeds. Of 7 patients with HA, one
patient with known risk factors developed a low titer inhibitor that
was successfully eliminated by an ITI. There were no thromboembolic
497
events and no proven virus transmission for hepatitis A/B/C or human

immunodeficiency virus.
Conclusion: The results included in this interim analysis confirm the
very good efficacy, tolerability and safety of Haemate P.
Disclosure of Interest: C. Wermes Grant/Research Support from: CSL
Behring, S. Holzhauer Grant/Research Support from: CSL Behring, S.
Halimeh Grant/Research Support from: CSL Behring, B. KemkesMatthes Grant/Research Support from: CSL Behring, P. Sommerer
Employee of: CSL Behring GmbH, I. Wieland Grant/Research Support from: CSL Behring, M. Krause Grant/Research Support from:
CSL Behring.
PO648-MON
Evaluation of an elisa based assay for detection of type
2N von Willebrand disease
Leger RR, Tricker AJ, Tange JI, Chen D and Pruthi RK
Hematopathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
Background: Mild congenital hemophilia A (HA) and type 2N (Normandy) von Willebrand disease (VWD) (2NVWD), have in common a
mild reduction in FVIII:C and normal VWF:Ag and VWF:RCo. HA
is X-linked recessive for which FVIII replacement is the treatment of
choice, whereas 2NVWD is autosomal recessive for which VWF
replacement is the treatment of choice, hence the importance of accurate diagnosis for genetic counseling and treatment. Options include
analysis of FVIII binding to VWF (VWF:FVIIIB) or, a more costly
option, genotyping.
Aims: Evaluate the performance characteristics of VWF:FVIIIB assay.
Methods: VWF:FVIIIB assay was performed on plasma samples from
normal donors (n = 15), HA patients (pt) (n = 30) or VWD (type 1
n = 38; type 2A/B or 2M n = 17; type 2N n = 2), utilizing the Asserachrom VWF:FVIIIB kit (Stago, Parsipanny, NJ, USA) following the
manufacturers instructions. FVIII:C, VWF:Ag, FVIII:C to VWF:Ag
ratio and VWF:FVIIIB were analyzed.
Results: Normal donors: FVIIIC: VWF:Ag ratio: mean 1.04 (range:
0.81 to 1.5), VWF:FVIIIB: mean of 103% (standard deviation
(SD):7.7%) verifying the package insert mean 104% (SD 10.4%). For
type 1 VWD pt, FVIIIC: VWF:Ag ratio: mean 1.83 (range: 0.78 to
2.79), VWF:FVIIIB: mean of 99.1% (standard deviation (SD):12.6%).
One type 1 VWD pt had FVIII:C: 31, VWF:Ag 40, VWF:RCo 28,
FVIIIC: VWF:Ag ratio: 0.8 and VWF:FVIIIB: of 12% and was heterozygous for the exon 20 (R854Q) mutation. Thus he was compound
heterozygous for type 1 VWD and 2N VWD. For HA pt FVIIIC:
VWF:Ag ratio: mean 0.2 (range: 0 to 0.5), VWF:FVIIIB: mean of
98.7% (SD:16.8); no pt had reduced VWF:FVIIIB. The type 2N VWD
pt had FVIII:C:VWF:Ag ratio of 0.5 and VWF:FVIIIB 7%.
Conclusion: In this cohort, 0% of mild HA pt and 1/38 (2.6%) of type
1 VWD pt had FVIII:VWF binding defect. In type 1 VWD pt, a
FVIII:C:VWF:Ag ratio of less than 0.8 may predict a FVIII:VWF
binding defect. Additional analysis of performance characteristics is
ongoing and will be presented at the meeting.
498
ABSTRACTS
PO649-MON
New insights into type 3 von Willebrand disease: the
type 3 von Willebrand disease international registries
and inhibitor prospective study (3WINTERS-IPS)
project update
1
PO650-MON
Efficacy and safety of von Willebrand factor
concentrate with a low FVIII content in severe VWD
children less than 6 years of age
2
Federici AB , on behalf of 3Winters-Ips Investigators, Peyvandi F ,

Budde U3, Castaman G4, Eikenboom J5, Eshghi P6, Goodeve A7,
Goodemand J8, Hoorfar H9, Karimi M10, Peake IR11,
Schneppenheim R12, Tosetto A13 and Mannucci PM14
1
Hematology Transfusion Medicine, L. Sacco University Hospital
of Milan; 2AB Bonomi Hemophilia Thrombosis Center, University
Of Milan, Milan, Italy; 3Coagulation Laboratory, Aesculabor
Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; 4Careggi Hospital, Hemophila
Center, Firenze, Italy; 5Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Leiden
University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands; 6Pediatric
Congenital Hematologic Disorders Research Center, Shahid
Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 7Sheffield
Genenetics, Sheffield NHS Trust, Sheffield, UK; 8Hematology
Department, University of Lille, Lille, France; 9Seid-ol-Shohada
Hospital, Esfahan University, Esfahan; 10Shiraz Hemostasis and
Thrombosis Unit, Hematology Research Center, Shiraz, Iran;
11
Genetics Department, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK;
12
Pediatric Hematology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg,
Germany; 13Hematology Department, Hemophilia Center,
Vicenza; 14Scientific Direction, Policlinico Hospital, Milan, Italy
Background: von Willebrand disease type 3 (VWD3) is of major interest because of severe clinical presentation, need for replacement therapy with VWF/FVIII concentrates and the risk of anti-VWF
inhibitors developing after treatment.
Aims: To evaluate in large cohort of VWD patients the relationship
between standardised phenotypic, genotypic, clinical data and bleeding
tendency, response to therapy with VWF/FVIII concentrates and the
risk of anti-VWF inhibitor development.
Methods: 3WINTERS-IPS is a multicenter, European and Iranian
observational, retrospective and prospective study on patients with
VWD3. Patients meeting the enrolment criteria were enrolled at each
participating centre and data entered into the project database.
Results: 251 VWD3 cases are included on the database with a gender
distribution 106/145 (M/F); median age 27 (175) yr and median
bleeding score (BS) 12 (133). Median (range) of local lab test were:
VWF:Ag 1.9 (<17) IU dL1; FVIII:C 2.3 (<115) IU dL1. AntiVWF antibodies are reported present in 11. Molecular genetic analysis
was undertaken at local sites in 55 patients all from EU sites. Of these,
31 (56%) are compound heterozygous (CH), 19 (35%) are homozygous (H) and 5 (9%) are apparently heterozygous with only one mutation found. In the CH group, there is a full range of mutation types
including large deletions, small deletions/insertions, missense and nonsense mutations and splice site changes. One CH case had 2 missense
mutations, both resulting in loss of a cysteine (p.C1227R and
p.C2283R). Of the H group, 6 (31%) had splice and 5 (26%) had nonsense mutations. Of the 4 H with missense mutations, 2 resulted in loss
of cysteines p.C2212R and p.C2362F and 2 had p.N2546Y. One H
case had a gene conversion involving p.Q1311*.
Conclusion: This initial data confirms that VWD3 is phenotypically
and genotypically heterogeneous.
Gouider E1, Klukowska A2, Maes P3, Platokouki H4,

Badowska W5, Knuchel N6, Henriet C6, Bridey F6, Caron C7,
Borel-Derlon A8, Meddeb B1 and Geet CV9
1
Hospital Aziza Othmana, Tunis, Tunisia; 2Medical University of
Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; 3Pediatric Hemato-oncology,
University Hospital of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; 4Haemophilia
Centre and Haemostasis Unit, Agia Sophia Childrens Hospital,
Athens, Greece; 5Institute of hematology and oncology, Olsztyn,
Poland; 6Clinical Research, LFB Biotechnologies, Les Ulis;
7
^te
University Hospital Centre, Lille; 8Hemostasis Laboratory, Co
de Nacre Hospital, Caen, France; 9Pediatrie & Genetica,
Gasthuisberg Hospital, Leuven, Belgium
Background: Treatment with a VWF concentrate almost devoid of
FVIII (vWF SD-35-DH) has been previously studied in patients of
any age with inherited VWD in several clinical trials. A study in children <6 years was specifically designed to further document clinical
and biological data.
Aims: The study aimed to evaluate efficacy, safety of this VWF product for the prevention and treatment of hemorrhage or surgical bleeding.
Methods: This multinational, open-label study was approved by Ethics
Committees. After signed consent form from parents, children with
severe VWD were followed for 18 months. For surgery and ondemand therapy, dosing was individualized to achieve a VWF:RCo
peak level of 100% if recovery was evaluated or 60100 IU kg1 if
recovery was not available. Overall efficacy was rated by the investigator using a 4-point scale. For long-term prophylaxis (LTP), forced
titration (50 IU kg1 once per week to 30 IU kg1 every 2 days) was
provided as a guidance to minimize bleeding.
Results: Nine patients (05 years) received the study drug: 7 type 3, 1
type 2, 1 type 1, all with VWF:RCo <10%. Mean recovery at 15 min
post-infusion was 1.8 IU dL1 IU1 kg1. Of 62 bleeds (median infusion dose 54 IU kg1, range 44114), 89% were controlled with 1
(73%) or 2 infusions (16%). A priming FVIII dose was co-administered once. Hemostatic efficacy was rated as excellent/good in 90% of
cases. Six patients underwent 11 minor surgeries, managed with a median of 2 infusions (range 16) and a dose of 56 IU kg1 infusion1
(range 41104). Hemostasis was rated as excellent in all procedures.
The annual bleeding rate was 3.4 for a child treated 4 years by LTP, 3
times/week. No related adverse events were reported over 770 cumulative exposure days and a mean participation of 3.1 years. No inhibitor
development or thrombotic event or hypersensitivity reactions were
observed. The negative status for the parvovirus B19 at inclusion
remained negative.
Conclusion: This VWF product was efficient and well tolerated in
severe VWD children <6 years of age.
Disclosure of Interest: E. Gouider Grant/Research Support from: LFB
Biotechnologies, Les Ulis, France, A. Klukowska Grant/Research
Support from: LFB Biotechnologies, Les Ulis, France, P. Maes Grant/
Research Support from: LFB Biotechnologies, Les Ulis, France, H.
Platokouki Grant/Research Support from: LFB Biotechnologies, Les
Ulis, France, W. Badowska Grant/Research Support from: LFB Biotechnologies, Les Ulis, France, N. Knuchel Employee of: LFB Biotechnologies, Les Ulis, France, C. Henriet Employee of: LFB
Biotechnologies, Les Ulis, France, F. Bridey Employee of: LFB Biotechnologies, Les Ulis, France, C. Caron Grant/Research Support
from: LFB Biotechnologies, Les Ulis, France, A. Borel-Derlon Grant/
Research Support from: LFB Biotechnologies, Les Ulis, France, B.
Meddeb Grant/Research Support from: LFB Biotechnologies, Les
Ulis, France, C. Van Geet Grant/Research Support from: LFB Biotechnologies, Les Ulis, France.
ABSTRACTS
PO651-MON
Overdosing of replacement therapy in perioperative
von Willebrand patients: a lot to win
Veerman HC1, Hazendonk HCAM1, Sanders YV2, Meijer K3,
Leebeek FWG2 and Cnossen MH1
1
Medical Center Sophia Childrens Hospital Rotterdam;
2
Rotterdam; 3Department of Hematology, University Medical
Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
Background: von Willebrand Disease (VWD) is the most common
inherited bleeding disorder. VWF/FVIII concentrates are generally
administered in moderate or severe VWD patients in case of bleeding
or surgical procedures. Dosing is then mainly based on body weight,
taking prescribed target values of FVIII and sometimes VWF into
account. This is often complex.
Aims: To evaluate current perioperative management of VWD patients
in relationship to VWF and FVIII target levels.
Methods: We included 65 VWD patients (historical VWF levels
0.30 IU mL1 and/or FVIII 0.40 IU mL1) from two Academic
Hemophilia Treatment Centers in the Netherlands (median age
50 years, median weight 76 kg), who underwent 99 surgical procedures between 20002014. VWF/FVIII concentrate (ratio 2.4:1) was
infused based upon FVIII content, targeting VWF and FVIII levels as
defined by the National Hemophilia Consensus. We collected type of
VWD, patient-, and surgical characteristics and achieved VWF activity (VWF:Act) and FVIII trough levels. The Medical Ethics Committee waived the need for a formal review.
Results: During the first 36 h after surgery median VWF:Act was 1.21
U mL1 [IQR:0.851.76 U mL1] and median FVIII was
1.32 IU mL1 [IQR:1.041.70 IU mL1]. Most VWF:Act and FVIII
levels were above target level of at least 0.80 IU mL1, respectively
76% (median deviation of 0.71 U mL1) and 89% (median deviation
of 0.56 IU mL1). In addition, 24% of VWF:Act levels and 11% of
FVIII levels were under this target level. Postoperatively, after 36 h all
FVIII levels were above recommended target levels (median FVIII
1.59 IU mL1 [IQR:1.132.04 IU mL1]. Clinically relevant bleeding
occurred in only two surgical procedures. No thrombotic events were
observed.
Conclusion: Overdosing of replacement therapy is significant in current
perioperative management of VWD patients, using FVIII based dosing. These data support alternative dosing strategies leading to more
individualized dosing with an increase in quality of care and possible
concomitant cost reduction.
PO652-MON
A microchip flow-chamber system (T-TAS) reflects
the clinical phenotypes in patients with type 1 von
Willebrand disease
Nogami K, Yada K, Shida Y, Ogiwara K, Furukawa S, Minami H,
Yaoi H, Matsumoto T and Shima M
Background: von Willebrand disease (VWD) represents clinically heterogeneous phenotype. However, von Willebrand factor ristocetin cofactor activity (VWF:RCo) do not always reflect the clinical
phenotype, especially in type 1 VWD, under non-physiological static
condition. Weve recently reported the possibility of clinical application for VWD using a microchip flow chamber system (T-TAS; Fujimori Kogyo).
Aims: We investigated whether T-TAS reflected the clinical phenotype (bleeding score; BS) in type 1 VWD.
499
Methods: Fifty of type 1 VWD (4 mo-72 y.o. median 22 y.o.) were

enrolled (VWF:RCo/Ag; 18.9 14.0/23.0 14.6 U dL1). Using
hirudin- and citrated-added whole blood, microchips coated with
either collagen (PL-chip) or collagen/thromboplastin (AR-chip) were
used to evaluate platelet thrombus formation (PTF) at 1000 or 2000
s1 (high shear) and fibrin-rich PTF at 240 s1 (low shear), respectively. Flow pressure curves were monitored and time until 10 kPa
(T10) was evaluated.
Results: PL-T10 and AR-T10 in normal control (n = 30) were 3.5 min
[CI: 2.46.6] and 12.2 min [8.616.6], respectively. PL-T10 obtained in
type 1 VWD showed greater correlation with BS (R2 = 0.45), reported
by Tosetto et al. (JTH 2011), compared to VWF:RCo (R2 = 0.35),
irrespective of flow rates. AR-T10 showed the lower correlation
(R2 = 0.18), however. In cases with PL-T10 10 min (maximal limit for
detection) in PL-flow, their VWF:RCo were higher (22.7 13.8/
9.8 10.1 U dL1, P < 0.005) and their BS were much lower
(3.5 2.9/8.8 3.5, P <106) than those with undetected PL-T10
(>10 min), indicating significant difference in BS. Cases with PL-T10
8 min, particularly, showed most significant difference with BS than
those with >8 min (BS; 2.8 2.1/8.7 3.3, P < 109), supporting the
presence of much less cases with discrepancy between PL-T10 and BS.
Conclusion: Evaluation in T-TAS with PL-chip, in particular PL-T10,
could be very useful for distinguishing and predicting clinical bleeding
phenotype in type 1 VWD.
PO653-MON
The use of next-generation sequencing to screen for
disorders of coagulation using a 24 gene panel
Bignell P1, Curry N2, Mason J3, Wright P1, Keeling D2,
Giangrande P2, Henderson S1 and Schuh A3
1
Molecular Haematology Department; 2Oxford Haemophilia and
Thrombosis Centre; 3BRC/NHS Oxford Molecular Diagnostics
Centre, Oxford University Hospitals Nhs Trust, Oxford, UK
Background: Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is a valuable tool.
Recent improvements in accuracy and reductions in cost of NGS and
exon capturing platforms have widened the applicability of targeted
exon sequencing to NHS molecular diagnostics laboratories, enabling
the identification of a broader range of variants to explain the heritability of complex diseases, including haemostatic disorders.
Aims: We sought to investigate the clinical utility of NGS for understanding haemostatic disease by sequencing 24 coagulation genes using
a designed TruSeq Custom Amplicon (TSCA) panel.
Methods: Samples were run on the Illumina MiSeq platform. The
TSCA panel was designed with 508 amplicons covering 24 genes,
including the 14 genes routinely tested by Sanger sequencing in our
centre (F8, F9, VWF, F5, F7, F10, F11, F13A1, MYH9, FGA, FGB,
FGG, GP1BA and SERPINC1). Ten additional genes linked to coagulation, platelet and thrombotic disorders were included: LMAN1,
MCFD2, F13B, ADAMTS13, GP1BB, GP9, ITGA2B, ITGB3,
PROC and PROS1.
Results: 133 diagnostic samples were screened in parallel by NGS and
Sanger sequencing with 100% concordance. Sequence variants were
found in 117 samples (88%). 112 variants were detected of which 47
were novel variants. The novel variants found were, 70% missense,
4% splicing, 20% small deletions, 2% small insertion and 4% duplications. 16 samples were NGS negative, of these 9 had a copy number
variation mutation (7 deletions, 2 duplications). 10 samples had additional deleterious variants in genes other than those indicated by phenotype suggesting previously uncharacterised genetic complexity in
coagulation disorders.
Conclusion: The 24 NGS gene panel is an effective method for the clinical diagnosis of multigene and single large gene disorders. Variants
with functional effects were identified in 88% of our patients. The
500
ABSTRACTS
NGS panel TAT is compatible with conventional screening and is cost

effective. This preliminary study demonstrates the potential advantages of NGS in clinical mutational screening.
PO654-MON
Course of von Willebrand factor (VWF) during
pregnancy in women with von Willebrand disease
(VWD)
pke S, von
von Depka M, Detering C, Henkel-Klene A, Do
Depka E and Ekhlasi-Hundrieser M
Werlhof Institute, Hannover, Germany
Background: Von Willebrand Factor (VWF) is known to be elevated
in pregnancy. Women with von Willebrand Disease (VWD) are at risk
of a variety of complications including postpartum haemorrhage or
miscarriage. However, the course of VWF and associated parameters
throughout pregnancy in women with VWD are not well-investigated.
Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the course of VWF and
associated parameters in pregnant women with VWD over time.
Methods: In total 34 pregnant patients (mean age: 31.6; 2046) were
included in this study (28 patients with VWD type 1, 4 with type 2A
and 2 with type 2M). Blood samples were consecutively collected up to
279 days of pregnancy to analyse FVIII:C, VWF antigen (VWF:Ag)
and VWF activity (VWF:GPIbM), additionally at non-pregnant baseline. A total of 109 healthy pregnant women served as a control to
establish pregnancy adopted reference ranges.
Results: Our data showed a significantly increase of FVIII:C (88.2
200.4 IU dL1) and VWF activity (71.1187.3 IU dL1) during pregnancy to values more than double compared to early pregnancy or
baseline. VWF:Ag rose more than threefold (75.5242.2 IU dL1)
from first to third trimester. However, mean values remained below
the reference range of healthy pregnant women, except for the last
month of pregnancy.
Conclusion: Here, we show the natural course of VWF in patients with
VWD during pregnany. Although a clear increase of mean VWF is
demonstrable, VWF is still below the lower limit of reference range
from beginning until late pregnancy. However, the clinical relevance of
this disproportion remains to be clarified.
PO655-MON
Identification of large VWF gene deletions and
duplications by MLPA in the south moravian (Czech
Republic) VWD cohort in the BRNO-VWD study
Vangenechten I1, Smejkal P2, Zapletal O3, Zavrelova J2, Blatny J3,
Penka M2, Michiels JJ4 and Gadisseur A1
1
Haemostasis Research Unit, Department of Haematology,
Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium; 2Department of
Clinical Haematology; 3Department of Paediatric Haematology,
University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic; 4Blood
Coagulation & Vascular Medicine Center, Goodheart Institute,
Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Background: Von Willebrand Disease (VWD) is an autosomally inherited bleeding disorder caused by a quantitative or qualitative defect of
von Willebrand factor (VWF). University Hospital Brno (Czech
Republic) and Antwerp University Hospital (Belgium) performed a
family-based characterization of VWD in the Czech Republic. 201
blood samples were collected from VWD patients representing 96 families. After analysis of genomic DNA by DNA sequencing of the 52 ex-
ons, including intron/exon boundaries, at least 1 probable causal

sequence variation was found in 138/201 patients (106/138 with a
mutation described in the ISTH VWD database and 32/138 new). In
23/138 a compound heterozygous variation was found. In 64/201
patients (mainly type 1 VWD) no causative mutation was found.
VWD can also be caused by multiple heterozygous/homozygous exon
deletions or duplications in form. Heterozygous deletions will not be
detected by the absence of the PCR product because of the presence of
the normal allele.
Aims: To investigate the samples with no causal mutation found by
DNA sequencing for large VWF gene deletions/duplications.
Methods: Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA;
MRC Holland) was used to investigate the samples where no mutation
(n = 64) or a putative new mutation(n = 32) was found by direct DNA
sequencing.
Results: So far 74/96 samples were investigated. In 14 patients a large
heterozygous gene defect was by MLPA: deletion of exons 13 (n = 2),
exon 16 (n = 2), exon 20 (n = 1), exon 28 (n = 1), exon 31 (n = 2) and
a whole allele (n = 4), duplication of exon 20 (n = 2) All these defects,
in patients without a causative mutation, were found in type 1, with
exception of an exon 31 deletion which was found in type 2M.
Conclusion: In this VWD cohort around 10% of all VWD type 1 is
caused by a large deletion/duplication in the VWF gene, which rises to
15% of all type 1 where no causal mutation was found by DNA
sequencing. This makes MLPA essential in the genetic investigation of
VWD, in addition to direct DNA sequencing.
PO656-MON
Baseline factor viii plasma levels and age at first
bleeding in patients with severe forms of von
Willebrand disease
Siboni SM1, Biguzzi E2, Caiani V2, Mistretta C2, Bucciarelli P2 and
Peyvandi F2
1
Ematologia non tumorale e coagulopatie, Angelo Bianchi
Bonomi Hemophilia And Thrombosis Center, IRCCS C
a Granda
Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico e Universit
a Di Milano;
2
Ematologia non tumorale e coagulopatie, Angelo Bianchi
Bonomi Hemophilia And Thrombosis Center, IRCCS C
a Granda
Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico e Universit
a Di Milano, Milan,
Italy
Background: Von Willebrand disease (VWD) is the most common
inherited bleeding disorder. The age of bleeding onset is highly variable, also in patients with similar degree of severity.
Aims: Aim of this study was to evaluate whether baseline factor VIII
(FVIII) plasma levels correlate with age at first bleeding in patients
with severe forms of VWD.
Methods: One hundred and three patients with severe forms of VWD
(VWF:RCo <6 IU dL1 [6 VWD1, 73 VWD2 and 24 VWD3]) undergoing a medical examination between September 2010 and September
2013 were included. In all patients, the age of bleeding onset was
recorded. The relationship between baseline FVIII levels and age at
first bleeding was tested using a multivariable linear regression model,
adjusting for sex.
Results: The median age at first bleeding was lower in patients with
VWD3 than in those with severe VWD1 or VWD2 (1 year vs 7 and
8 years, respectively, P < 0.0001). A non-linear relationship between
FVIII levels and age at first bleeding was found, the latter increasing by
5 years for every 10 IU dL1 increase of FVIII (b=4.95 [95%CI:2.02
7.87]) until levels of 30 IU dL1, after which the age increased slowly.
In 65 patients (63%) there was more than 6 months of delay between
bleeding onset and VWD diagnosis, with no difference over decades.
Conclusion: Baseline FVIII plasma levels influence the age at first
bleeding onset in patients with severe forms of VWD. Despite
ABSTRACTS
improvements in the last decades, the diagnosis of VWD is still
delayed in a consistent number of patients.
PO657-MON
Type 1 VWD does not lead to increased gingival
bleeding
Weickert L, Eickholz P, Nickles K, Krekeler S and Miesbach W
University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
Background: Von Willebrand disease (VWD) results in prolonged
bleeding time and enhanced mucous bleeding. Mouth bleeding is a frequently reported symptom of VWD evaluated by several VWD bleeding
scores. However, gingival bleeding is also known as a leading symptom
of plaque-induced gingivitis and untreated periodontal disease.
Aims: This study evaluates whether type 1 VWD determines an
increased susceptibility to gingival bleeding.
Methods: In this case-control study, fifty cases and forty controls were
examined periodontally with respect to gingival bleeding (Gingival
Bleeding Index [GBI]), bleeding on probing [BOP]), supragingival bacterial deposits (Plaque Control Record [PCR]), further periodontal
variables (periodontal inflamed surface area [PISA], vertical probing
attachment level) and received a professional tooth cleaning. Type 1
VWD patients were in long-term treatment of the haemophilia centre
and the controls were matched according to sex, age, number of teeth
and smoking. In the control group a bleeding disorder had been
excluded.
Results: Patients with VWD (median age 42.1 13.7 years, 86%
female) reported more frequently periodontal symptoms, such as
bleeding (34% vs. 20%) or swelling (54% vs. 32.5%) and their teeth
were less frequently professionally cleaned (58% vs. 77.5%,
P = 0.051). The gingival bleeding index, however, was higher in controls (12.2%) than in VWD (10%) and was similar regarding BOP
between VWD (17%) and controls (17.2%). Cases and controls were
well balanced regarding periodontal control variables indicating similar degree of bacterial deposits. In mild type 1 VWD periodontal
examination and professional tooth cleaning were carried out without
increased risk of bleeding.
Conclusion: Gingival bleeding in VWD patients may be triggered by
gingival inflammation and is not a genuine symptom of VWD.
PO658-MON
Joint surgery in moderate and severe von willebrand
disease: a cross-sectional study.
van Galen K1, Leebeek F2, Schutgens R1, Cnossen M3,
Eikenboom J4, Vogely C5, Fijnvandraat K6, Meijer K7, MauserBunschoten E1 and on Behalf of On behalf of the WiN Study
Group
1
van Creveldkliniek, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht;
2
Hematology; 3Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam;
4
Department of Thrombosis and Haemostasis and Einthoven
University Medical Center, Leiden; 5Orthopedic surgery,
University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht; 6Department of
Pediatric Haematology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam;
7
Hematology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen,
Netherlands
Background: Joint bleeds are reported by 23% of moderate and severe
VWD patients and might be associated with orthopaedic surgery.
501
Aims: To assess the prevalence, indications, management and complications of joint surgery in VWD patients.
Methods: In the Willebrand in the Netherlands study 804 moderate
and severe VWD patients (VWF activity and/or antigen 30U dL1)
completed a questionnaire on joint bleeds, joint damage and orthopaedic surgery. We additionally retrieved medical file data on patients
with shoulder, elbow, hip, knee or ankle surgery.
Results: 14% (116/804) of the VWD patients self-reported large joint
surgery. These patients reported joint bleeds more often compared to
VWD patients not reporting this surgery (41% vs 20%, P < 0.001)
and more often large joint damage (61% vs. 20%, P < 0.001). We
obtained medical file data on 126 large joint surgeries in 79 VWD
patients, mostly knee (47%), followed by ankle (19%) and hip (18%)
surgery. Of the procedures 44% (55/126) was arthroscopic. Most operations (76/126, 60%) took place in haemophilia treatment centres
(HTC). Surgery was performed because of joint damage due to prior
joint bleeds in 25% (26/108). Preoperative clotting factor correction
(CFC) to prevent bleeding was administered in most cases (88/109,
81%). Still, post-operative bleeding occurred in 23/126 surgeries
(18%) with no significant difference between arthroscopic surgery
compared to arthrotomy (27% vs. 18%, P = 0.31), preoperative CFC
use (17% bleeding in procedures with CFC vs. 33% without CFC,
P = 0.13), nor between HTC vs. non HTC (17% vs. 20%, P = 0.68).
Bleeding complications occurred more often in surgeries without monitoring of FVIII or VWF level (10/37 vs. 3/39, P = 0.025).
Conclusion: Large joint surgery is reported by 14% of moderate and
severe VWD patients, related to joint bleeds in 25% of the procedures
and frequently associated with bleeding complications despite prophylactic CFC treatment. Monitoring of FVIII or VWF levels around
orthopaedic surgery may result in less bleeding complications.
Disclosure of Interest: K. van Galen Grant/Research Support from:
CSL Behring, F. Leebeek Grant/Research Support from: CSL Behring, Bayer, R. Schutgens: None Declared, M. Cnossen: None
Declared, J. Eikenboom: None Declared, C. Vogely: None Declared,
K. Fijnvandraat: None Declared, K. Meijer: None Declared, E. Mauser-Bunschoten Grant/Research Support from: CSL Behring.
PO659-MON
Ethnic and racial variation of plasma VWF in healthy
controls
Montgomery RR, Gill JC, Christopherson PA, Flood VH,
Haberichter SL, Abshire TC and on behalf of Zimmerman
Program Investigators
Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, USA
Background: Prior work from ZPMCB-VWD demonstrated higher
VWF levels in African American (AA) healthy controls (HC), we now
focus on Hispanic (HA) and Asian Americans (AsA).
Aims: To identify ethnic variation in plasma VWF levels and the
impact of ABO blood group in HC.
Methods: ZPMCB-VWD has enrolled 3217 subjects including 444 HC
[130 Caucasian American (CA), 193 AA, 46 HA, 52 AsA, and 23
other/multiethnic] who had full-length VWF sequencing, ISTH bleeding score (ISTH-BAT), ABO blood-type, and VWF assays: VWF:Ag,
VWF:RCo, VWF:GPIbR, VWF:GPIbM, VWFpp, VWF:CB3, and
VWF:CB4. Ethnicity was self reported and multiple ethnicities were
excluded. Geometric mean (GM) and two geometric standard deviation range (2GSD) were determined and results compared.
Results: In 444 HC, 11 had borderline positive BAT, but none had
reduced VWF:Ag or VWF:RCo. 14 HC had VWF:Ag levels
<50 IU dL1 but none of these had abnormal BAT. VWF:Ag
(IU dL1) GM and 2GSD were 116 (57-237) for CA, 124 (53289)
for AA, 86 (55165) for HA, and 86 (39192) for AsA. Both HA and
AsA groups were significantly reduced and AA elevated compared to
CA (P < 0.0001). VWF:RCo/VWF:Ag ratio was 1.04 0.18 for CA,
502
ABSTRACTS
0.80 17 for AA (P < 0.0001), 0.94 0.16 for HA (P < 0.0001), and
0.93 0.14 (P < 0.0001) in AsA. In all cohorts type O individuals had
significantly lower VWF:Ag with the most striking difference in AsA
with mean VWF:Ag of 66 in blood group O and 109 in non-O. Of
note, 8 of 20 type O AsA had VWF:Ag <55 yet none had abnormal
BAT. In HA, 30.4% had nonsynonymous sequence variations (SV)
with 10 having novel or rare SV. 2 of the HA subjects had VWF:Ag
<50 IU dL1 with A631V and P1162L that are probably damaging by
PolyPhen (0.975). In AsA, 14% have SV with 9 having novel or rare
SV. Of the 6 AsA subjects who had VWF:Ag <50 IU dL1, an
R273W and a new C799W were identified and probably damaging
(0.991.00).
Conclusion: Hispanic Americans and Asian Americans have lower levels of VWF than Caucasian, but have abnormal VWF:RCo/VWF:Ag
ratios and some unique VWF sequence variations.
PO660-MON
A comparative study of microfluidic flow assays and
clinical assays in type I von Willebrands disease
Lehmann M1, Ng C2, Di Paola J2 and Neeves K1
1
Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School Of
Mines, Golden; 2Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver,
Aurora, USA
Background: Predicting bleeding in type I von Willebrand disease
(VWD) remains a challenge using conventional assays. VWF and
platelet function and are shear stress-dependent, but of the available
assays, only the PFA-100 incorporates shear stress. Here, we compare
the sensitivity to VWF levels of microfluidic flow assay (MFA) to conventional clinical assays.
Aims: Compare the sensitivity of the MFA, PFA-100, and ristocetininduced aggregation to VWF antigen levels in type I VWD.
Methods: Whole blood from individuals (n = 22) with suspected type 1
VWD was collected into sodium citrate. Recalcified blood was perfused over a 150 lm strip of type I collagen through microfluidic channels (h = 50 lm, w = 500 lm) at wall shear rates of 150, 750, and
1500 s1 for 5 min. Transient platelet accumulation was recorded by
relief-contrast imaging and quantified by three metrics; (i) lag time
(time to 5% coverage), (ii) velocity (linear growth phase), and (iii) clot
volume. PFA-100 closure time, platelet aggregation (VWF:RCo),
VWF antigen levels (VWF:Ag), and bleeding assessment tool (BAT)
were collected for each sample.
Results: VWF:Ag varied between 5 and 106 in the cohort, with 11
patients exhibiting levels below 50. Both the PFA-100 and the MFA
showed dramatic loss in platelet function VWF:Ag <40. The lag time
for the 750 s1 shear condition was sensitive to VWF:Ag (correlation
coefficient (CC) = 0.84, R2 = 0.72), with the 150 s1 condition only
affected for VWF:Ag <10 (CC=0.21). There was little adhesion at 1500
s1 for VWF:Ag <40. PFA-100 was insensitive to VWF:Ag <40 as it
reached maximum closure time. VWF:RCo lacked sensitivity to VWF:
Ag <40 (CC=0.61). Since eight of our eleven patients were under the
age of 18, the BAT only correlated with age.
Conclusion: These data suggest that platelet accumulation on collagen
at a shear rate of 750 s1 is more sensitive to mild type I VWD than
the PFA-100 and VWF:RCo and may provide a clinical marker for
bleeding in severe to mild type I VWD.
PO661-MON
Total thrombus-formation analysis system (T-TAS) for
the monitoring of von Willebrand factor-FVIII
concentrate treatment in patients with von Willebrand
disease type 3
Agren A1, Hjemdahl P2, Blomb
ack M3, Hosokawa K4 and
m M1
Holmstro
1
Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Coagulation
Unit, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet;
2
Department of Medicine, Clinical Pharmacology Unit,
Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital;
3
Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Clinical
Chemistry/Coagulation Research, Karolinska University Hospital
and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; 4FUJIMORI
KOGYO CO, LTD, Tokyo, Japan
Background: Patients with von Willebrand disease type 3 (VWD-3)
often need prophylactic medication with VWF-FVIII concentrates.
Common global hemostatic tests like rotational thromboelastometry
(ROTEM) are not sensitive for monitoring of VWF
Aims: To study the effect of VWF-FVIII concentrate (Haemate) in
patients with VWD-3 with a new global hemostatic method, the Total
Thrombus-formation Analysis System (T-TAS), which measures in
whole blood under flow conditions.
Methods: Ten patients with VWD-3 were monitored before and
30 min after their usual prophylactic dose of Haemate. T-TAS was
compared to the levels of VWF, FVIII and to ROTEM. The atheroma (AR)-chip coated with tissue factor and collagen measures under
venous flow conditions and the platelet (PL)-chip coated with collagen
under arterial flow conditions. The AUC (area under the flow pressure
curve) shows the strength of thrombus formation at capillary pressures
of 10 and 30 kPA, respectively.
Results: The patients (median age 49 (IQR 2876) years) received a
median dose of 27 (IQR 1535) U of Haemate. One of them had an
ongoing gastro-intestinal bleed and was treated also the day before
while the other 9 had received Haemate prophylactically 27 days
before.
In the 9 patients with no bleeding the values before and after treatment
were; VWF 0.10 (0.040.26) vs 0.85 (0.281.22) kIE L1 (P < 0.01)
and FVIII 0.24 (0.021.40) vs 1.01 (0.322.1) kIE L1 (P < 0.01). ROTEM showed no significant changes after treatment. T-TAS variables; AR-chip; AUC30 385 (39528) vs 1013 (1031459) (P < 0.01)
and PL-chip AUC10 7 (332) vs 25 (557) (P = 0.01). The patient with
a bleed had almost normal VWF; 0.48 before and 1.54 kIE L1 after.
The AUC:s inreased with both T-TAS chips. The ROTEM clotting
time was prolonged and the maximum clot firmness increased in this
patient.
Conclusion: T-TAS can detect therapeutic effects of VWF-FVIII concentrate, and can give rapid information about the coagulation profile
in whole blood in VWD-3 patients.

Disclosure of Interest: A. Agren:
None Declared, P. Hjemdahl Grant/
Research Support from: Fujimori Kogyo Co., Ltd, M. Blomback:
None Declared, K. Hosokawa Employee of: FUJIMORI KOGYO
CO, LTD, M. Holmstr
om: None Declared.
ABSTRACTS
PO662-MON
Surveillance study of safety and efficacy of a VWF/
FVIII concentrate in patients with von willebrand
disease (WIL-20) a planned interim analysis
Khair K1, Cruz MS2, Werner S3, Knaub S4, Iorio A5 and on behalf
of Wil-20 working group
1
Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK; 2Fundacion
Hemofilia de Salta, Salta, Argentina; 3Clinical R&D, Octapharma
Inc., Hoboken, USA; 4Clinical R&D, Octapharma AG, Lachen,
Switzerland; 5McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
Background: Non-interventional studies are a valuable tool to provide
real-life information about VWD treatment.
Aims: To confirm data from previous clinical studies and to ensure the
long-term consistency of use of a VWF/FVIII concentrate in a 1:1
ratio in routine clinical practice.
Methods: This non-interventional, post-marketing study in VWD was
designed to document the safety, tolerability, and efficacy in the prophylaxis and treatment of bleeding, including surgeries. Treatment regimen and dosages were at the discretion of the physicians. Main
endpoints were tolerability (3-point verbal rating scale) and the incidence of reported ADRs. Thrombogenicity and immunogenicity were
optional. The efficacy in on-demand treatment and surgeries was
assessed using 4-point haemostatic efficacy scales, for prophylaxis it
was based on the frequency of breakthrough bleeds.
Results: The interim analysis comprises 63 patients in the safety population, 10 patients in the on-demand, 18 patients in the prophylaxis and
33 patients in the surgery population. Thirty-nine bleeding episodes
(BEs) were treated in 10 patients with 100% excellent/good efficacy.
Mean annualised bleeding rate in the 11 out of 18 patients, who
received continuous prophylaxis was 3.50 6.0 (median 1.9; range 0
20.8) for spontaneous bleeds and 6.23 7.16 (median 3.77; range 0
20.8) for all types of bleeds.
Nineteen major and 23 minor surgeries were performed in 33 patients.
Efficacy was rated excellent/good in 41 (98%), and moderate in 1 surgery (2%).
Tolerability was assessed in 2244 and rated excellent for 2099 infusions
(93%). No neutralising VWF inhibitors and no thrombotic events
were reported. Only three related ADRs were documented (hypersensitivity like reactions).
Conclusion: The data of this planned interim analysis confirm the
safety, tolerability and efficacy of the VWF/FVIII concentrate in ondemand treatment of BEs, prophylaxis, and the prevention of excessive bleeding during surgeries in patients with VWD, under routine
clinical conditions.
Disclosure of Interest: K. Khair Speaker Bureau of: Octapharma AG,
M. S. Cruz: None Declared, S. Werner Employee of: Octapharma Inc,
S. Knaub Employee of: Octapharma AG, A. Iorio Consultant for: Octapharma AG.
PO663-MON
Predictors of complete response to DDAVP in patients
with von Willebrand disease
Biguzzi E, Bucciarelli P, Franchi F, Stufano F, Siboni SM,
Baronciani L and Peyvandi F
A. Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center,
MILANO, Italy
Background: Desmopressin (DDAVP) stimulates the release of von
Willebrand factor (VWF) and factor VIII (FVIII) from endothelial
cells and platelets, increasing their levels in plasma. It can be used to
treat or prevent bleeding in patients with von Willebrand disease
(VWD).
503
Aims: To develop a predictive model of complete response to DDAVP

in patients with VWD.
Methods: Data of 168 type 1 or 2 VWD patients (median age 35 y
[IQR:2448], 57% females) tested for response to DDAVP in our Center were recorded. VWF (RCo and Ag) and FVIII plasma levels were
measured before and 1 h, 2 h and (in 127 patients) 4 h after
0.3 lg kg1 DDAVP infusion. Complete response to DDAVP was
defined as both VWF:RCo and FVIII:C 50 IU dL1 after DDAVP
infusion. Two logistic regression models (for response at 1 h and 4 h)
were fitted, containing sex, age, baseline plasma and intraplatelet
VWF:RCo, ABO blood group, and (only for response at 4 h) VWF
propeptide to Ag ratio (pp/Ag) as predictors. Predictive ability of the
logistic models was measured as the area under the ROC curve
(AUC).
Results: 115/168 patients (69%) had complete response at 1 h and 63/
124 (51%) at 4 h. The best predictors of response at 1 h were baseline
VWF:RCo (adjusted odds ratio 4.73 [95%CI:1.9311.58] for every
5 IU dL1 increase) and intraplatelet VWF:RCo (2.49 [95%CI:1.33
4.66] for every 0.05 IU dL1 increase). At 4 h, the best predictors were
baseline VWF:RCo (7.25 [95%CI:1.8228.84] for every 5 IU dL1
increase) and pp/Ag, which showed a bimodal relationship, with odds
of response decreasing for values >2.90, likely because of a rapid VWF
clearance in patients with high pp/Ag. After 200 bootstrap replicates,
the AUCs of the models for response at 1 h and 4 h were 0.96 and
0.94, respectively.
Conclusion: Complete response to DDAVP in patients with VWD was
mostly predicted by baseline plasma and intraplatelet VWFR:Co (at
1 h) and by baseline plasma VWF:Rco and pp/Ag (at 4 h). Both predictive models have a very good discriminative ability.
PO664-MON
Major surgeries in children and adults with von
willebrand disease managed with a high-purity human
VWF/FVIII concentrate in a physiological 1:1 ratio
Srivastava A1, Werner S2, Serban M3, Schwartz BA2, Knaub S4,
Kessler C5 and on behalf of Wil-24 Working Group
1
Department of Haematology, Christian Medical College,
Vellore, India; 2Clinical R&D, Octapharma Inc., Hoboken, USA;
3
Pediatrics Clinical Department, Louis Turcanu Childrens
Emergency Hospital, Timisoara, Romania; 4Clinical R&D,
Octapharma AG, Lachen, Switzerland; 5Department of Medicine
and Pathology, Georgetown University Medical Center,
Washington, DC, USA
Background: Major surgeries in patients with VWD can be associated
with life-threatening risk of excessive bleeding, thus prophylactic treatment with exogenous VWF/FVIII may be required.
Aims: To evaluate the overall haemostatic efficacy of a VWF/FVIII
concentrate in a physiological 1:1 activity ratio in preventing excessive
surgical bleeding in children and adults with VWD, a prospective,
open-label, multi-center, phase III clinical study was conducted.
Results for major surgeries are presented here.
Methods: IVR was investigated in all patients prior surgery for recommending individual dosing, which was to achieve VWF:RCo peaks of
100% and to maintain trough levels around 50% until wound healing.
Actual dosing was at the discretion of the physician. VWF:RCo,
VWF:Ag, and FVIII:C levels were collected throughout the study.
Haemostatic efficacy was assessed independently by surgeons and haematologists, using objective 4-point ordinal efficacy scales. Assessments were adjudicated by an independent data monitoring
committee. Safety and immunogenicity were monitored throughout.
Results: Twenty-one major surgeries in 20 patients were treated in the
study. The majority (17) were VWD type 3, 3 were VWD type 1 and 1
VWD type 2. Mean loading dose (VWF:RCo) given was 55.5 IU kg1
504
ABSTRACTS
with a mean maintenance dose of 30 IU kg1. Mean FVIII:C and

VWF:RCo peak levels for each patient during maintenance infusions
(day 17 post surgery) ranged from 120145%, and 6698%, respectively, with no accumulation of FVIII:C. 95.2% of major surgeries
managed with the 1:1 VWF/FVIII concentrate had efficacy rated as
excellent/good. There was no excessive or uncontrolled intra- or postoperative bleeding or requirement for an alternate VWF/FVIII concentrate. No FVIII:C accumulation or thrombotic events were
reported. No neutralizing VWF/FVIII inhibitors or study drug-related
serious adverse events were observed.
Conclusion: This data confirms the safety and efficacy of the 1:1 VWF/
FVIII concentrate for the management of major surgeries in VWD
patients.
Disclosure of Interest: A. Srivastava: None Declared, S. Werner
Employee of: Octapharma Inc., M. Serban: None Declared, B. Schwartz Employee of: Octapharma Inc., S. Knaub Employee of: Octapharma AG, C. Kessler Consultant for: Octapharma AG, Speaker
Bureau of: Octapharma AG.
PO665-MON
The influence of PAI-1 levels on bleeding phenotype in
moderate and severe von Willebrand disease
Abdul S1, Boender J1, Malfliet JMC1, Eikenboom HCJ2,3,
Fijnvandraat K4, Mauser-Bunschoten EP5, Meijer K6,
Leebeek FWG1, Rijken DC1 and de Willige SU1
1
Department of Hematology, Erasmus Medical Center
Rotterdam, Rotterdam; 2Department of Thrombosis and
Hemostasis; 3Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular
Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden; 4Pediatric
Hematology, Emma Childrens Hospital Amsterdam Medical
Center, Amsterdam; 5Van Creveldclinic and Hematology,
Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht; 6Hematology, University
Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
Background: Von Willebrand disease (VWD) is the most common
inherited bleeding disorder and is characterized by mucocutaneous
bleeding. In patients with VWD large variations in bleeding tendency
are observed, which are not completely related to VWF levels. To date,
the cause of this variability remains unexplained. Studies have
described low Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) activity, an
important inhibitor of fibrinolysis, as a minor causative factor in
patients with a bleeding tendency. We hypothesized that low PAI-1
levels, may result in a higher bleeding tendency in VWD.
Aims: To investigate whether PAI-1 levels are associated with bleeding
episodes of VWD during life.
Methods: PAI-1 levels were measured in plasma from 638 patients with
moderate or severe VWD who participated in the Willebrand in the
Netherlands (WiN) study, a nationwide multicenter cross-sectional
study, using the TECHNOZYM PAI-1 antigen ELISA reagent kit
(Technoclone, Vienna, Austria). Bleeding severity was assessed using
the Tosetto Bleeding Score (BS-total), which included twelve bleeding
items. For additional analysis, also a mucocutaneous bleeding score
(BS-mucocutaneous) was used, which included six bleeding items (epistaxis, bleeding from minor wounds, oral cavity bleeding, gastrointestinal bleeding, bleeding after tooth extraction and menorrhagia).
Medical ethics committee approval and informed consent were
obtained.
Results: PAI-1 levels were significantly higher in men compared to
woman [23.3 (IQR 11.759.7) vs. 18.3 (IQR 9.440.0) ng mL1,
P = 0.007]. PAI-1 levels increased with age [Spearmans rho 0.208,
P < 0.001]. No association was observed between BS-total or BSmucocutaneous and PAI-1 levels after adjustment for age, gender,
VWF:Act and FVIII.
Conclusion: Our study shows that PAI-1 levels do not influence the
bleeding phenotype in VWD patients.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Abdul: None Declared, J. Boender: None

Declared, J. Malfliet: None Declared, H. Eikenboom: None Declared,
K. Fijnvandraat: None Declared, E. Mauser-Bunschoten: None
Declared, K. Meijer: None Declared, F. Leebeek Grant/Research Support from: research support from the Dutch Hemophilia Foundation
(Stichting Hemophilia) and CSL Behring (unrestricted grant) for performing the WiN-study, D. Rijken: None Declared, S. Uitte de Willige: None Declared.
PO666-MON
Dynamic thrombus formation in the whole blood under
the shear stress rapidly reflects clinical severity in type
2N von Willebrand disease
Yada K1, Nogami K1, Shida Y1, Takeyama M1, Matsumoto T1,
Hosokawa K2 and Shima M1
1
Institute, Fujimori Kogyo Co., Ltd., Kagoshima, Japan
Background: Type 2N von Willebrand disease (VWD) is essentially
caused by the impairment of FVIII-binding with VWF, resulting in
the discrepancy between FVIII level and VWF level (VWF:Ag and
VWF:Rco) in the plasma. Type 2N VWD patients reveal various clinical severity, however, FVIII:C, VWF:Ag or VWF:Rco measured by
the plasma-based static assays may not account for their severity of
phenotype.
Aims: We investigated the dynamic thrombus formation under high
shear stress in the whole blood collected from type 2N VWD patients
with severe (Case 1) or mild (Case 2 4) phenotype utilizing a flow
chamber system, T-TAS (Fujimori Kogyo, Co.) in order to evaluate
their hemostatic potentials.
Methods: Whole blood sample containing hirudin were perfused over
a microchip coated with collagen at a shear rate of 1000s1, and the
platelet thrombus formation was quantified by monitoring the flow
pressure. Parameters, T10 (time to 10 kPa of the flow pressure) and
AUC10 (area under curve for 10mins from initiation) were evaluated in
Case 1 (female, FVIII:C 5 IU dL1, VWF:Rco 32%, VWF:Ag 45%)
suffering from repetitive metrorrhagia and menorrhagia (Bleeding
Score (BS) 27, Bowman M, JTH 2009), Case 2 (female, 8 IU dL1,
79%, 79%) experiencing only one menorrhagia (BS 2), Case 3 (boy,
4 IU dL1, 53%, 52%) and Case 4 (male, 4 IU dL1, 46%, 60%)
having no hemorrhagic event (BS 0).
Results: No thrombus formation was observed during perfusion and
T10 was apparently prolonged over 10 min in Case 1, whilst thrombus
grew up and the capillary occlusion was accomplished in Case 2 (T10
2.8 min, AUC10 297 min1), Case 3 (3.3 min, 321 min1) and Case 4
(3.2 min, 345 min1). Administration of VWF/FVIII concentrate
improved T10 (7.0 min) and AUC10 (36.4 min1) in Case 1, and desmopressin further enhanced the thrombus formation in Case 2(T10
2.3 min, AUC10 352 min1) and 3(1.8 min, 427 min1).
Conclusion: Dynamic thrombus formation in the whole blood reflected
clinical phenotype of type 2N VWD and it is useful tool monitoring of
hemostatic treatment.
ABSTRACTS
PO667-MON
Functional characterisation of a novel splice mutation,
c.7887 + 2T>A, associated with type 1 von Willebrand
disease
Cartwright A1, Webster SJ1, Jacobi PM2, Hickson N1, Budde U3,
Peake IR1, Goodeve AC1, Haberichter SL2, Hampshire DJ1 and on
behalf of the EU-VWD and ZPMCB-VWD study groups
1
Department of Cardiovascular Science, University Of Sheffield,
Sheffield, UK; 2Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of
Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, US; 3Hemostaseology Department,
Medilys Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
Background: Mutations causing qualitative or quantitative deficiency
of von Willebrand factor (VWF) result in von Willebrand disease
(VWD), the most prevalent inherited bleeding disorder. Splice mutations are commonly associated with a mild (type 1 VWD; VWD1) or
severe (type 3 VWD) quantitative deficiency because they result in a
null VWF allele.
Aims: To investigate the disease mechanism associated with a novel
splice mutation, c.7887 + 2T>A, correlated with moderate VWF
reduction in a heterozygous VWD1 patient and severe reduction in a
compound heterozygous VWD1 patient.
Methods: Due to a lack of patient RNA bacterial exon trap plasmid
pET01 was used to assess in vitro effect of c.7887 + 2T>A on VWF
splicing. Bacterial pCI-neo plasmids expressing either wild-type VWF
cDNA (WT) or predicted mutant cDNA were transfected or co-transfected into HEK293T cells and quantity of mutant VWF expressed relative to WT only was assessed using ELISA. Multimer analysis of
secreted VWF was performed via electrophoresis on 1.6% (w/v) SDSagarose gels. High-resolution microscopy of transfected HEK293 cells
was performed to assess pseudo-Weibel-Palade body (WPB) formation.
Results: c.7887 + 2T>A was predicted to cause complete skipping of
VWF exon 47 resulting in in-frame deletion p.Pro2591_Leu2629del.
Expression of the deletion mutant caused significant reduction in
VWF secretion compared to WT in both the homozygous (Hom;
58%) and heterozygous (51%) state, but with no significant effect on
intracellular retention. In addition, expressed multimers were normal
and microscopy highlighted no observable differences in WPB-like
structures compared to WT following Hom expression.
Conclusion: c.7887 + 2T>A causes an in-frame deletion of VWF exon
47 resulting in a viable allele that when expressed causes reduced VWF
secretion but normal multimer and WPB formation, correlating with
disease phenotype. Functional characterisation of splice mutations is
important to fully understand their impact on VWF and their mode of
pathogenicity.
PO668-MON
Dynamic thrombus formation in the whole blood under
the shear stress rapidly reflects the hemostatic
potential(s) of type 2A von Willebrand disease
unevaluatable by plasma-based static assay
Yada K1, Nogami K1, Shida Y1, Takeyama M1, Matsumoto T1,
Hosokawa K2 and Shima M1
1
Institute, Fujimori Kogyo Co., Ltd., Kagoshima, Japan
Background: Type 2A von Willebrand disease (VWD) is caused by the
qualitative loss of von Willebrand factor (VWF) in the plasma, however, VWF level (VWF:RCo/Ag) measured by the plasma-based static
assay appears to be instable and may not evaluate their hemostatic
potential.
505
Aims: We investigated the dynamic thrombus formation under high

shear stress with a flow chamber system, T-TAS (Fujimori Kogyo) to
evaluate the hemostatic potentials in type 2A VWD.
Methods: Four type 2A VWD (FVIII:C 46 IU dL1 [CI:23.667.8],
VWF:RCo 7.2%[1.69.6], VWF:Ag 31%[15.639.0]), three type 1 as
controls (16 IU dL1 [6.850.0], 14%[1123], 14%[6.416]) and an
unclassified (type 1 or 2A) case (41 IU dL1, 1.628%, 1225%) were
studied. Whole blood samples containing hirudin were perfused over a
microchip coated with collagen at a shear rate of 1000 s1, and the
platelet thrombus formation was quantified by monitoring the flow
pressure. Parameters, T10 (time to 10 kPa of the flow pressure) and
AUC10 (area under curve for 10 min from initiation) were evaluated.
Results: Thrombus formation was delayed and reduced in type 1 (T10
7.3 min, AUC10 51 min1), whilst no thrombus formation was
observed during perfusion and T10 was prolonged over 10 min in all
type 2A. Administration of desmopressin (DDAVP) increased VWF
and FVIII levels in type 1 plasmas to the maximum (70 IU dL1 [43
225], 53%[45111], 40%[3280]) at 30 min and returned to the baseline within 624 h, consistent with the thrombus growth resulting in
the capillary occlusion (T10 3.3 min[1.94.0], AUC10 329 min1 [235
393]) observed at the time from 30 min to 6 hr after administration. In
an unclassified case, no thrombus formation was observed (T10 over
10 min, AUC10 0 min1), and DDAVP increased FVIII:C
(104 IU dL1) and VWF:Ag (35%), whilst VWF:RCo, T10 and
AUC10 were unaffected, showing type 2A pattern.
Conclusion: Dynamic thrombus formation in the whole blood rapidly
differentiated type 1 and 2A VWD indistinguishable by plasma-based
static assay and is simple and useful tool for diagnosis.
PO669-MON
Co-occurrence of V.Willebrand disease and bernard
soulier-syndrome
Dempfle C-E1, Ahmad-Nejad P2, Alef T3, Dornbach A1 and
Thiele B3
1
IMD Coagulation Center Mannheim, Mannheim; 2Institute for
Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Helios-Klinikum Wuppertal,
Wuppertal; 3Institute for Immunology and Genetics,
Kaiserslautern, Germany
Background: Bernard-Soulier syndrome (BSS) is characterized by dysfunctional or missing platelet receptor for v.Willebrand factor (vWF),
low platelet count, large platelets, and massively impaired platelet
aggregation in response to ristocetin. v.Willebrand disease (vWD)
results in a similar bleeding phenotype, but with normal platelets.
Aims: Marked thrombocytopenia and strongly impaired platelet function were observed in a 35 year old female with vWD. Clinical signs
included easy bruising, nosebleeds, and prolonged bleeding after
minor injuries since childhood. The patient had been treated several
times with corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulins in the
assumption of immune thrombocytopenia, without any effect on platelet count.
Methods: Coagulation tests, platelet function analyses, and flow
cytometry were performed by standard procedures, molecular analyses
by next generation sequencing.
Results: vWF antigen was 32% of normal, ristocetin cofactor activity
was 23%, Factor VIII activity was 58%.Platelet count was in the range
of 4060 nL1, mean platelet volume was >18 fl (normal range:
8.8 1.5 fl). Flow cytometry revealed low levels of GP Ib (CD42b)
and Gp IX (CD42a) on the platelet surface. No platelet aggregation
was observed in response to ristocetin in conventional and whole
blood aggregometry. Platelet function analysis using the PFA-100
instrument did not reveal any measurable closure time. Molecular
genetic analysis revealed a previously unknown heterozygous mutation
c.8251C>T, p.Gln2751X in exon 51 of the vWF gene. A mutation in
506
ABSTRACTS
this position leads to an abnormal stop-codon with a truncated vWF

molecule and defective multimer formation. Analysis of the GP IX
gene showed a heterozygous mutation c.182A>G, p.Asn61Ser in exon
3, which has been described by other authors as cause of BSS.
Conclusion: The present case is the first description of co-occurrence of
BSS and vWD, as well as the first description of the c.8251C>T,
p.Gln2751X mutation oft he vWF gene.
Von Willebrand Factor I

PO670-MON
Identification and characterization of aberrant splicing
from a novel branch site mutation in von Willebrand
factor
Hawke L1, Rivard G2 and James P1,3
1
Kingston; 2CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal; 3Medicine, Queens
University, Kingston, Canada
Background: von Willebrand factor (VWF) splicing is disrupted in
15% of von Willebrand disease (VWD) mutations causing aberrant
variations of VWF or degradation of the aberrant mRNA. Though
most are in highly conserved consensus splice sites, mutations outside
of these regions have been linked to splicing defects.
Aims: This study aims to characterize the pathogenic effects of once
such mutation, c.6599-20A>T, found in a Type 1 VWD family.
Methods: Peripheral blood samples were taken for DNA, plasma, and
blood outgrowth endothelial cell (BOEC) isolation. In silico analysis
predicted the mutation outcomes and aberrant transcripts were identified. Mutant VWF expression and trafficking were evaluated in BOEC
and transfected HEK293T cells and plasma and recombinant VWF
were evaluated for functionality.
Results: In silico analyses predicted c.6599-20A>T may abolish an
acceptor splice site. The mutation segregated with affected family
members and patients had similar Type 1 VWD phenotypes. BOEC
showed reduced VWF in media (P < 0.05) and cell lysates (P < 0.01).
The BOEC VWF localized to rounded organelles which responded to
PMA (P < 0.05). Exon 38 skipping was identified introducing a premature termination codon and homozygous expression in HEK293T
cells showed mutant secretion decreased (P < 0.001) to 2 0.04% of
wildtype and no response to PMA. Lysate VWF was reduced
(P < 0.05) though not subject to proteasomal degradation. Transfected HEK293 cells showed mutant VWF was diffuse and localized to the
endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and lysosome. Heterozygous VWF
expression was reduced (P < 0.05) to 58 0.16% with a mild
response to PMA. VWF skipping exon 38 has decreased platelet
(P < 0.05), FVIII (P < 0.05), and collagen (P < 0.01) binding affinity.
Conclusion: VWF lacking exon 38 would undergo RNA degradation;
any VWF produced would be retained in the ER before lysosomal degradation. Minimal mutant:wildtype interaction explains the mild
VWD and normal multimers in this family, and their positive response
to DDAVP in vivo and PMA in vitro.
Disclosure of Interest: L. Hawke: None Declared, G. Rivard: None
Declared, P. James Consultant for: CSL Behring, Bayer, and Octapharma
PO671-MON
Functional link between von Willebrand factor (VWF)
and tissue factor (TF) in flow-dependent thrombus
formation: augmentation of intra-thrombus fibrin
generation by cathepsin g on VWF-TF complex
Matsunari Y1, Matsui H2, Kawaguchi M1 and Sugimoto M2
1
Anesthesiology; 2Regulatory Medicine for Thrombosis, Nara
Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
Background: von Willebrand factor (VWF) plays a crucial role on
platelet adhesion/aggregation at vessel injury sites under high shear
flow conditions. Such platelet aggregates are concurrently reinforced
by fibrin generation triggered by tissue factor (TF). However, little is
known about the functional link between VWF and TF in flow-dependent thrombus formation.
Aims: To address this issue, we have studied the relevant role of TF on
von Willebrand factor (VWF)-dependent thrombus formation by use
of an in vitro perfusion chamber system.
Methods: Recombinant human TF were co-coated with VWF onto a
glass plate to prepare surface-immobilized VWF/TF complex. Recalcified citrated whole blood was perfused over a surface-immobilized
VWF/TF complex. In some experiments, neutrophil Cathepsin G (12
ug mL1) was added to sample blood. Platelet adhesion/aggregation
were evaluated by the surface coverage of thrombi. The mural thrombi
formed on VWF-surface was double-stained with fluorescently labeled
anti-fibrin and anti-fibrinogen antibodies. Fibrin generation was evaluated as a ratio of fibrin relative to fibrinogen fluorescence within mural
thrombi.
Results: Surface-immobilized TF significantly augmented flow-dependent fibrin generation as a function of increasing surface density of TF
under both low and high shear rate conditions. In addition, immobilized TF significantly up-regulated VWF-dependent platelet adhesion
and aggregation under high shear rate conditions. Cathepsin G significantly increased intra-thrombus fibrin generation on immobilized
VWF-TF complex under both high and low shear rate conditions.
Conclusion: Surface-immobilized TF and VWF could build mural
thrombi in a concerted manner under high shear rate conditions. The
present experimental approach revealed that Cathepsin G enhanced
the TF-dependent fibrin generation, suggesting the critical involvement of inflammatory responses by leukocytes on thrombus formation
under whole blood flow conditions.
PO672-MON
Thrombin-dependent incorporation of von Willebrand
factor into a fibrin network
Miszta A1,2, Pelkmans L1,2, Lindhout T1,2, de Groot PG2,
Hemker CH1,2, Heemskerk JW1, Kelchtermans H1,2 and de
Laat B1,2
1
Maastricht; 2Synapse Bv, Maastricht, The Netherlands
Background: Under high shear stress Von Willebrand Factor recruits
platelets into a growing thrombus via interaction with GPIb.
Aims: The aim was to investigate the mechanism of VWF incorporation into a fibrin network.
Methods: We monitored the interactions of von Willebrand Factor
with fibrinogen, fibrin monomers and polymerized fibrin using different surface techniques and enzymes in purified test system at arterial
shear stress.
Results: Our results showed that VWF does not bind to a fibrinogen
monolayer or to a polymerized fibrin layer. However, we found proof
for binding of VWF to a fibrin monomer layer during the process of
fibrinogen-to-fibrin conversion in the presence of thrombin. Using
ABSTRACTS
either Arvin or protease III from snake venom Crotalus atrox we
showed that VWF interacts with E-domain of fibrin monomers where
FpA and/or FpB were situated and this binding is independent of
FXIIIa. Additionally we demonstrated that Tyr-2483 and Tyr-2631
located in VWC3 and VWC5 domains respectively, are important for
the interaction of VWF with fibrin monomers. These amino acids are
well conserved in the VWF sequence from human to zebrafish. Furthermore, under high shear conditions, we were able to show that
platelets adhere to fibrin only if VWF had been incorporated. Addition of a GPIb blocking antibody almost completely abolished the
adhesion of platelets to the fibrin monomers surface with bound VWF
at high shear stress. In the presence of abciximab we observed lower
binding of platelets suggesting that both GPIb and GPIIb/IIIa are
important for adhesion of platelets.
Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that the C-domains of VWF
and the E-domain of fibrin monomers are involved in the incorporation of VWF during the fibrin polymerization in the presence of
thrombin and that this incorporation fosters binding and activation of
platelets. Our findings help to elucidate the mechanism of thrombus
growth and platelet adhesion under conditions of arterial shear rate.
PO673-MON
MIR-24 regulates von Willebrand factor in diabetes
Xiang Y1, Cheng J2, Lu J2, Martin KA1 and Hwa J1
1
Medicine; 2Genetics, Yale University, New Haven, USA
Background: An elevated level of Von Willebrand Factor (VWF) in
diabetes mellitus patients is associated with increased risk of thrombotic cardiovascular events. The underlying mechanism for how VWF
expression is upregulated in diabetes mellitus is poorly understood.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small 1923 nucleotide RNA molecules
that negatively regulate the translation of their target mRNAs.
Aims: We aim to determine whether and how VWF is regulated by
miRNA.
Methods: A combination of extensive of miRNA screening was
applied, followed by analysis in human and mouse samples (diabetes
mellitus vs. non-diabetic controls) using both chemical and genetic
approaches.
Results: We found that hyperglycemia-induced repression of microRNA-24 (miR-24) increases VWF expression and secretion in diabetes
mellitus. In diabetic patients and diabetic mouse models (STZ/highfat-diet induced and db/db mice), miR-24 is reduced in both tissues
and plasma. Knock-down of miR-24 in mice led to increased VWF
mRNA and protein levels, and enhanced platelet tethering (spontaneous thrombosis). miR-24 tightly controls VWF levels through pleiotropic effects, including direct binding to the 30 UTR of VWF and
targeting furin and the histamine H1 receptor, known regulators of
VWF processing and secretion in endothelial cells (ECs). We present a
novel mechanism for miR-24 down-regulation through hyperglycemia-induced activation of aldose reductase, ROS, and c-Myc.
Conclusion: These findings support a critical role for hyperglycemic
repression of miR-24 in VWF-induced pathology. miR-24 represents a
novel therapeutic target to prevent adverse thrombotic events in diabetic patients.
507
PO674-MON
The first case of an Intron retention resulting from a
silent mutation in the VWF which exerts a structural
impact on the 50 splice site
Baharanchi HY, Biswas A, Diesen J, Ivaskevicius V, Marquardt N
and Oldenburg J
Institute of Experimental Hematology and Transfusion Medicine,
University Clinic Bonn, Bonn, Germany
Background: We identified a novel translationally silent variant
(c.7464C>T, p.Gly2488) in exon 44 of von Willebrand factor gene
(VWF) in a family with type 1 von Willebrand disease.
Aims: This study aimed to assess pathogenicity of the variant
c.7464C>T with respect to RNA splicing. Furthermore, RNA secondary/tertiary structures and putative interactions with splicing regulatory proteins were analyzed in silico to determine the mechanisms by
which this synonymous variant impairs splicing.
Methods: NA was extracted from whole blood and platelets. Complementary DNA was synthesized from RNA, and VWF coding region
was amplified by RT-PCR. The RT-PCR products were separated on
an agarose gel and sequenced to identify the variations in mRNA transcript. Human Splicing Finder prediction tool was utilized to evaluate
the impact of the variant on splicing regulatory motifs. Secondary
structure analysis corresponding to wild-type and mutant exons was
performed on Mfold web server. Tertiary structure models were generated on an ab initio web server.
Results: NA transcript analysis revealed an aberrantly spliced transcript with intron 44 retained in the mRNA. Both predicted RNA secondary structures and RNA tertiary models demonstrated that this
substitution in spite of its distal position from the 50 splice site (50 ss)
(85 bp downstream) induces cis-alterations in pre-mRNA structure
which result in the formation of a stable hairpin at the 50 ss. This hairpin sequesters the 50 ss residues involved in U1-snRNA interactions
required for the first step of splicing, and thereby inhibits excision of
the pre-mRNA intronic region. The aberrant transcript would result
in a truncated protein due to a premature termination code in intron
44.
Conclusion: This study is the first to show the allosteric-like/far-reaching effect of an exonic variation on pre-mRNA splicing that is mediated by structural changes in the pre-mRNA.
PO675-MON
Assessment of von Willebrand factor panel and
platelet function in patients with moderate to severe
renal insufficiency undergoing renal biopsy
Suwanawiboon B, Kajornkijaroen A, Nakkinkun Y, Binhama T and
Chawanasuntorapoj R
Medicine, Faculty Of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol
Background: Alteration of von Willebrand factor and platelet function
is well-known in patients with severe renal impairment. However, the
profiles of von Willebrand factor and other hemostatic markers in
non-dialysis patients with moderate to severe renal insufficiency is
unknown.
Aims: To investigate the characteristics of hemostatic parameters in
patients with moderate to severe renal insufficiency undergoing renal
biopsy.
Methods: Patients with serum creatinine (Cr) of greater than 1.5 to less
than 4.0 mg dL1 scheduled for renal biopsy were enrolled. Hemostatic tests including, complete blood count (CBC), prothrombin time
(PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), vWF:Ag, vWF:
RCo, vWF:CBA, FVIII:C and light-transmission platelet aggregome-
508
ABSTRACTS
try were performed. The study was approved by the institutional ethic
committee.
Results: Sixty patients were included in the preliminary analysis. The
median age was 45.5 years (range 1873). Thirty-three patients were
female (55%). The mean serum Cr and glomerular filtration rate was
2.4 0.6 mg dL1 and 30.3 9.5 mL min1, respectively. The mean
hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), platelet count, PT and aPTT at
baseline
were
11.2 1.9 g dL1,
33.9 5.6%,
259,000
82,600 lL1, 11.5 0.9 s and 25.7 3.7 s, respectively. Increased
levels of vWF:Ag, vWF:CBA and FVIII:C were observed. The mean
vWF:Ag, vWF:RCo, vWF:CBA and FVIII:C were 188.9 105 IU
dL1, 108.5 27.2 IU dL1, 137.3 59.1 IU dL1 and 347.3 150
IU dL1, respectively. Of fifty-six patients tested for platelet function,
4 patients (7.1%) had impaired platelet aggregation with ristocetin. A
decrease in Hct of greater than 3% post renal biopsy was noted in 13
patients (21.7%). Only 2 patients required blood transfusion, including
1 patient with gross hematuria.
Conclusion: Elevation of vWF:Ag, vWF:CBA and FVIII:C as well as
impaired platelet function was found in patients with moderate to
severe renal insufficiency undergoing renal biopsy. Major bleeding
complication is uncommon.
PO676-MON
Missense mutations located in the von Willebrand
factor (VWF) D1 domain cause quantitative VWF
deficiency through impairment of VWF packaging into
storage organelles
Dsouza MM1, Webster SJ1, McMaster J1, Cartwright A1,
Budde U2, Peake IR1, Goodeve AC1, Hampshire DJ1 and on behalf
of the EU-VWD and ZPMCB-VWD study groups
1
Department of Cardiovascular Science, University Of Sheffield,
Sheffield, UK; 2Hemostaseology Department, Medilys Hamburg,
Hamburg, Germany
Background: von Willebrand disease (VWD) results from qualitative
and quantitative deficiency of von Willebrand factor (VWF). Missense
mutations located in the D1 domain of VWF cause both type 1
(VWD1; mild-moderate quantitative deficiency) and type 3 (VWD3;
severe deficiency) VWD.
Aims: To investigate the cellular expression of D1 domain VWD1 and
VWD3 missense mutations and determine the disease mechanism(s)
involved.
Methods: Bacterial pcDNA3.1 plasmids expressing either wild-type
VWF cDNA (WT) or generated D1 missense mutations (p.Arg34Gly,
p.Asp47His, p.Ser49Arg, p.Leu60Pro, p.Arg81Gly, p.Leu129Met)
were transfected or co-transfected into HEK293T cells and the quantity of mutant VWF expressed relative to WT only was assessed using
ELISA. Multimer analysis of secreted VWF was performed via electrophoresis on 1.6% (w/v) SDS-agarose gels. High-resolution microscopy of transfected HEK293 cells was performed on a Nikon TiE
inverted microscope with an Andor Zyla sCMOS camera.
Results: D1 missense mutations caused a significant reduction in VWF
secretion compared to WT in both the homozygous (Hom) and heterozygous (Het) state, which was more pronounced for known VWD3
mutants (~75% reduction VWD3; ~50% reduction VWD1). Expression of varying WT:mutant ratios (25:75, 75:25) confirmed that
VWD3 mutants p.Arg34Gly and p.Arg81Gly had a dominant-negative
effect. Mutants p.Leu129Met (reported in VWD1 and VWD3) and
p.Leu60Pro caused a severe reduction (>90%) when expressed alone
(Hom), but a milder ~50% reduction when co-expressed with WT
(Het). Microscopy highlighted impaired Weibel-Palade body (WPB)
formation in mutant-expressing cells corresponding with increased colocalisation of mutant VWF in the Golgi.
Conclusion: D1 missense mutations cause reduced VWF secretion that

is more pronounced for VWD3 mutants that have a dominant-negative effect. This reduced secretion appears to result from impaired
packaging of mutant VWF from the Golgi into the WPB storage
organelles.
PO677-MON
Minimum levels of von Willebrand factor and platelets
to create occlusive high shear thrombosis
Casa LDC1, Gillespie SE2 and Ku DN1
1
GWW Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia
Institute of Technology; 2Department of Pediatrics, Emory
University School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA
Background: Occlusive thrombus formation on collagen can be stimulated with high shear rates. The relative role of platelet count, plasma
vWF levels, and other plasma constituents can be compared by selective dilutions.
Aims: To determine the minimum concentrations of vWF and platelets
for occlusive thrombosis at shear rates >3500 s1.
Methods: Occlusive thrombosis in a stenosis was produced in a microfluidic test system over collagen with initial shear rate of 3500
6000 s1. Human whole blood was diluted with normal saline by 90%
or 99% and hematocrit restored by adding washed red blood cells
(90%WB or 99%WB, respectively). Platelets and/or vWF (Humate-P)
were added to normal levels, selectively. Microscopy images were
acquired of thrombus formation over time to occlusion time (OT).
Results: Selective dilutions decreased high shear thrombus formation
compared to control (P < 0.001). Normal human blood with no dilution occluded in 6.1 2.2 min. 90%WB, reconstituted with normal
levels of platelets and vWF, all formed thrombosis to occlusion (5/5,
OT=13.7 2.5 min). There was no occlusion in the 90%WB with no
added vWF and platelets samples (0/7). 99%WB with fully reconstituted vWF and platelets showed large thrombus formation with embolization, but no occlusions (0/5). 90%WB reconstituted with only vWF
occluded in 6/7 subjects (OT=16.6 1.4 min), while 90%WB with
only platelets occluded in 2/5 subjects (OT=27.2 1.8 min). Time to
occlusion was longer in 90%WB with only platelets relative to 90%
WB reconstituted with only vWF (P = 0.054).
Conclusion: Both vWF and platelets are essential to high shear thrombosis. Normal levels of vWF are most contributory, compared to
platelets and other plasma proteins. Surprisingly, fully reconstituted
vWF and platelets with 99% dilutions of plasma prevented occlusion
indicating the need for a third plasma factor. Efforts to control high
shear thrombosis may focus on vWF levels and a third plasma factor
required for occlusion instead of platelet function.
PO678-MON
Aging and ABO blood type regulate von Willebrand
factor and factor VIII levels through distinct patterns of
both secretion and clearance
Albanez S1, Ogiwara K1, Grabell J2, James P2 and Lillicrap D1
1
Background: Aging and ABO blood type are major determinants of
von Willebrand factor (VWF) and Factor VIII (FVIII) levels, but the
mechanism(s) responsible for this influence has not been resolved
Aims: To study how aging and ABO influence VWF/FVIII levels and
determine the mechanism of this effect
ABSTRACTS
Methods: VWF antigen (VWF:Ag), VWF activity (VWF:RCo), VWF
propeptide (VWFpp, secretion), VWFpp/VWF:Ag ratio (clearance)
and FVIII (FVIII:C) levels were measured in 207 normal individuals,
in 3 age groups: 52 young (7 5 yrs), 42 middle-age (41 6 yrs) and
113 old (71 7 yrs), similar in gender and ABO blood type. Blood
type A antigen on VWF (VWFa) was also measured. P values are
shown as *(<0.05), **(<0.01), ***(<0.001).
Results: VWF:Ag increased 1.5-fold*** with age, with a clear distinction between blood type non-O (A/B) and O subjects (1.8 vs 1.2-fold,
***). The ABO effect on VWF:Ag was not observed in young (0.98fold), but with advancing age, as the difference increased to 1.3** and
1.5-fold*** in middle and old-age individuals. Similar results were
found with VWF:RCo and FVIII:C. VWFpp increased in the elderly
(1.17-fold**), but only in A/B subjects (1.23 vs 1.08-fold,***). Also,
VWF clearance was reduced with age in A/B individuals (0.64 vs 0.87fold,***), suggesting roles for both secretion and clearance. VWF in
the young was correlated with VWF clearance (r = -0.87***), but not
with VWFpp (r = -0.04), independent of blood type. With aging, both
VWFpp (r = 0.82***) and clearance (r = -0.62***) were associated
with VWF:Ag. Moreover, VWFa correlated with VWF:Ag, VWFpp
and clearance (r = 0.25, r = 0.22, r = -0.22,*) suggesting a novel role
of ABO in VWF secretion. In the young, FVIII was not associated
with VWF clearance (r = 0.01), but with VWF secretion (r = 0.57***);
with aging, it correlated with both VWFpp and clearance (r = 0.73,
r = -0.40,***).
Conclusion: This study shows that aging and ABO are two interrelated
influences on VWF and FVIII levels that mediate distinct patterns of
regulation through both secretion and clearance mechanisms.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Albanez: None Declared, K. Ogiwara: None
Declared, J. Grabell: None Declared, P. James Grant/Research Support from: CSL Behring, Bayer and Octapharma, Consultant for: CSL
Behring and Octapharma, D. Lillicrap Grant/Research Support from:
Bayer, Biogen-Idec, Baxter and Octapharma
Animal Models II
PO001-TUE
Polyphosphate as a novel therapeutic for age-related
macular degeneration
Ocariza LM1,2, OByrne AM2, Smith SA3, Morrissey JH3, Cui JZ4,
Matsubara JA4 and Conway EM1,2
1
Pathology & Laboratory Medicine; 2Centre for Blood Research,
Department of Medicine, University Of British Columbia,
Vancouver, Canada3Department of Biochemistry, University of
Illinois, Urbana, United States4Department of Ophthalmology
and Visual Sciences, University Of British Columbia, Vancouver,
Canada
Background: Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is a major
cause of vision loss. Treatments are limited to ~10% of patients with
the wet form associated with choroidal neovascularization (CNV)
and secondary bleeding. However, not all patients respond, and there
are potential side effects. The pathogenesis of AMD is complex. Evidence suggests that excess complement activation contributes to the
disease, damaging retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE) and choroidal
endothelial cells (CEC) of the retina. Therapies to suppress complement activation are thus being explored.
We have shown that the inorganic linear polymer, polyphosphate
(polyP), interferes with complement activation via the terminal and
classical pathways. We hypothesized that polyP will be protective in
AMD.
Aims: To test the efficacy of polyP in a rodent model of AMD and to
assess mechanisms of action.
Methods: The retinas of pigment rodents were exposed to laser injuries
that induce CNV. PolyP or vehicle alone was injected intravitreally
509
immediately after laser injury. Five days later, eyes were excised and
dissected into eye cups. Immunohistochemistry for endothelial cells
and deposition of the terminal complement complex C5b-9 was performed on eye cups, followed by flatmount preparations of the immunostained choroid/RPE tissues. These were quantified by confocal
microscopy and computer analysis. Effects of polyP on the growth of
cultured RPE and CEC, deposition of C5b-9 and release of sC5b-9,
were examined in response to H2O2 and complement activation.
Results: Intravitreal polyP reduced the size of laser-induced CNV
lesions and deposition of C5b-9 in the choroid of rodents. Treatment
of RPE and CEC with polyP dampened release of sC5b-9 and protected them against H2O2 -induced cell death.
Conclusion: PolyP confers protection against inflammatory and oxidative cellular stresses via complement-dependent and -independent
mechanisms. Further evaluation of polyP to treat AMD is ongoing.
PO002-TUE
Anti-oxidant treatment improves cardiac dysfunction
in Bmal1 deficient mice
Hemmeryckx B1, Hohensinner P2, Swinnen M1, Heggermont W3,
Wojta J2 and Lijnen HR1
1
Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, K U Leuven, Leuven,
Belgium; 2Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University
of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; 3Department of Internal Medicine,
University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
Background: Bmal1 (brain and muscle ARNT-like protein-1) deficient
mice prematurely age due to an increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In addition, their cardiac performance decreases
with age. The effect of an anti-oxidant treatment on heart function in
Bmal1 knockout (KO) mice has not been investigated yet.
Aims: To investigate whether treatment with the anti-oxidant 4hydroxy TEMPOL improves the age-associated decline of heart function in Bmal1 KO mice.
Methods: Five-weeks-old Bmal1 KO and wild-type (WT) mice were
exposed to a high fat and high cholesterol diet for 15 weeks. After
5 weeks of feeding, both genotypes were separated into 2 groups; one
group received 5 mmol/l 4-hydroxy TEMPOL supplemented in the
drinking water, while the other group received regular drinking water
(n = 46). The effect of the anti-oxidant treatment on cardiac function
was then analyzed.
Results: Echocardiographic analysis revealed that TEMPOL treatment
in Bmal1 KO mice normalized heart function as evidenced by a
decrease in 1) diastolic (4.4 0.13 mm vs. 4.2 0.044 mm, P = 0.62)
and 2) systolic (3.1 0.18 mm vs. 2.9 0.077 mm, P = 0.52) LV
internal diameters, and a decrease in 3) fractional shortening
(30 2.6% vs. 32 1.8%; P = 0.51) and 4) ejection fraction
(65 3.8% vs. 68 2.4%; P = 0.52). The anti-oxidant did not affect
cardiac function in WT mice. Although TEMPOL did not influence
cardiac ROS levels in Bmal1 KO mice, it significantly protected Bmal1
deficient cardiac telomeres from oxidation as evidenced by a reduction
in the telomere damage score (0.11 0.012% vs. 0.16 0.015%;
P = 0.028). In WT mice, the anti-oxidant only slightly affected this
score (0.13 0.012% vs. 0.096 0.0095%; P = 0.049). In addition,
TEMPOL-treated Bmal1 KO hearts showed a trend towards an
increased telomere length (1.25-fold; P = 0.10).
Conclusion: Anti-oxidant treatment normalized heart function and
reduced the premature ageing phenotype of Bmal1 KO mice, partially
by detoxifying ROS.
510
ABSTRACTS
PO003-TUE
Novel mouse hemostasis model for real-time
determination of bleeding time and hemostatic plug
composition
Piatt R, Getz T and Bergmeier W
McAllister Heart Institute, University Of North Carolina Chapel
Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
Background: Hemostasis is a rapid response by the body to stop bleeding at sites of vessel injury. Both platelets and fibrin are important for
the formation of a hemostatic plug. Mice have been used to uncover
the molecular mechanisms that regulate the activation of platelets and
coagulation under physiological conditions. However, measuring hemostasis in mice is quite variable and current methods do not quantify
platelet adhesion or fibrin formation at the injury site.
Aims: To develop a new method for the real-time visualization of hemostatic plug formation.
Methods: We describe a novel hemostasis model that uses intravital
fluorescence microscopy to quantify platelet adhesion, fibrin formation, and time to hemostatic plug formation in real-time. Repeated
vessel injuries of ~50 < 100 um in diameter were induced using laser
ablation technology in the saphenous vein of mice.
Results: Hemostasis in this model was strongly impaired in mice deficient in GPIba or talin-1, important regulators of platelet adhesiveness. In contrast, the time to hemostatic plug formation was only
minimally affected in mice deficient in the extrinsic (TFlow) or the
intrinsic (FIX-/-) coagulation pathways, even though platelet adhesion
was significantly reduced. A partial reduction of platelet adhesiveness
using clopidogrel led to instability within the hemostatic plug, especially when combined with impaired coagulation in TFlow mice.
Conclusion: In summary, we present a novel, highly sensitive method
to quantify hemostatic plug formation in mice. Based on its sensitivity
towards platelet adhesion defects and its real-time imaging capability,
we propose this model as an ideal tool to study the efficacy and safety
of antiplatelet agents.
PO004-TUE
Targeting extracellular cyclophilin a-mediated
neurovascular dysfunction
Suidan G1, Ilardi MC1, Cameron AN1, Kablaoui N1,2,
Fonseca KR1,3 and Bell RD1
1
Neuroscience Research Unit; 2Medicinal Chemistry;
3
Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Pfizer,
Cambridge, USA
Background: The neurovascular unit (NVU) is composed of endothelium, pericytes, vascular smooth muscle cells, glia and neurons. The
NVU modulates blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity as well as cerebral blood flow (CBF). Dysfunction of this system has been implicated
in many CNS disorders such as Alzheimers disease (AD), multiple
sclerosis and stroke. Cyclophilin A (CypA) is an abundant foldase that
also plays a role in the initiation of inflammatory processes. Increases
in the extracellular pool of CypA (eCypA) have been reported in vasculopathies such as hypertension, myocardial infarction and diabetes
and eCypA has been shown to play a role in arterial thrombosis as an
activator of platelets. CypA is present in cerebrospinal fluid of APOE4
carriers and preclinical data in APOE4 transgenic mice showed that
elevated CypA damages the BBB. Thus, targeting eCypA to promote
NVU and BBB function may be a therapeutic avenue for CNS disease.
Aims: Determine if eCypA inhibition improves cerebrovascular function in several mouse models of CNS disease.
Methods: Three models are being utilized to assess the protective effect
of eCypA inhibition (eCypAi) in neurovascular disease: 1) Lipopoly-
saccharide (LPS)-induced BBB breakdown 2) Functional hyperemia in

an AD mouse model and 3) ferric chloride-induced thrombosis in
CNS vasculature.
Results: In the LPS model, eCypAi improved BBB integrity as assessed
by leakage of fibrinogen into the brain parenchyma. Preliminary evidence suggests that two-week treatment with eCypAi restored functional hyperemia in AD transgenic mice mice as assessed by the
whisker stimulation model of neurovascular coupling. We are currently assessing the efficacy of eCypA inhibition in prevention of cerebral thrombosis.
Conclusion: In summary, accumulating evidence suggests that inhibition of eCypA may be a novel strategy to improve vascular dysfunction associated with CNS disorders.
Disclosure of Interest: G. Suidan Employee of: Pfizer, M. Ilardi
Employee of: Pfizer, A. Cameron Employee of: Pfizer, N. Kablaoui
Employee of: Pfizer, K. Fonseca Employee of: Pfizer, R. Bell
Employee of: Pfizer
PO005-TUE
Modification of the BDNF gene that induces
depression-like states is associated to proinflammatory and pro-thrombotic phenotype in mice
Barbieri SS1, Amadio P1, Gianellini S1, Tarantino E2, Ieraci A2,
Brioschi M1, Banfi C1, Lee FS3 and Tremoli E1,2
1
Centro Cardiologico Monzino; 2Department of Pharmacological
and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milano, Italy;
3
Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College of
Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
Background: Epidemiological studies suggest a link between depression and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Despite, the mechanistic correlation between CVD and depression remain poorly understood. The
lack of an animal model that reproduces the pathophysiological features of depressive disorders and CVD makes this issue difficult to
study.
Aims: We focused on the potential role of BDNF Val66Met polymorphism to predispose to depression disorders and to thrombosis in
mice.
Methods: All procedures were performed in BDNF knock-in mice generated with a homozygous BDNF variant (Met/Met) and compared to
littermate control (WT) mice. Tail suspension test and FeCl3 arterial
injury were used as model to assess depression and thrombosis respectively. The expression of different genes was analyzed by flow cytometry, Western Blot, RT-PCR and ELISA kit.
Results: BDNFMet/Met mice displayed a depressive-like phenotype
associated with increased platelets reactivity as suggested by their
enhanced aggregation, TXA2 biosynthesis, P-selectin and GPIIbIIIa
expression. Proteomic analysis of aorta secretome of BDNFMet/Met
and WT mice showed differential expression of proteins involved in
the coagulation and inflammatory cascade. Similarly, different expression of gelsolin and tissue factor (TF) was observed in plasma, aortic
tissue, circulating leukocytes and/or platelets. In addition, greater
plasma levels of alpha-1antitrypsin and interleukin-6, a higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate and an increased number of circulating leukocytes were detected in BDNFMet/Met mice.
Conclusion: Platelet activation, alterations in coagulation pathways
and changes in vessel wall morphology/composition here described in
BDNFMet/Met mice well recapitulate the features occurring in patients
with depression or CVD. BNDFVal66Met mice might represent a
good tool to understand the molecular mechanisms underling depression and CVD.
ABSTRACTS
PO006-TUE
Familial feline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a model
for evaluating platelet activation and clopidogrel
therapy
Li R1, Stern JA2 and Tablin F1
1
Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology; 2Department of
Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Uc
Daviso, Davis, USA
Background: To date, little is known regarding platelet activation and
the benefit of anti-platelet therapy in patients with early stages of
familial HCM, despite a recognized outcome of thromboembolism. A
feline model of HCM is described secondary to a causative mutation
(A31P) in the MYBPC3 gene.Since aortic thromboembolism is a recognized complication in HCM affected cats, this model provides a
valuable scaffold for understanding the pathophysiological processes
in familial HCM.
Aims: The primary aim of this study is to characterize platelet activation and aggregation in cats with the A31P mutation prior to the onset
of clinical signs.The secondary aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of clopidogrel on platelet activation and aggregation in these
cats.
Methods: Eight healthy homozygous cats with the A31P mutation and
6 wide-type cats were selected from a colony of Maine Coon-cross
cats. All cats received clopidogrel (18.75 mg day1 cat1) for 14 days.
Platelet activation and aggregation were assessed using flow cytometry
and aggregomery before and after clopidogrel therapy.
Results: ADP-induced activation resulted in significantly elevated P-selectin expression and higher surface density of P-selectin in homozygous cats. However, no differences in ADP induced platelet
aggregation were noted in untreated homozygous and wide-type cats.
Clopidogrel therapy significantly suppressed ADP-induced platelet
aggregation and activation in all cats.
Conclusion: Individuals with the causative A31P mutation of the MYBPC3 gene may have hyper-reactive platelets based on this animal
model. Early clopidogrel therapy sufficiently suppressed platelet activation and aggregation regardless of genotype.
PO007-TUE
Platelet effects of episodic ozone and pm exposure
during postnatal development
Tablin F and Pombo M
Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School Of Veterinary
Medicine University of California, Davis, Davis, USA
Background: Epidemiologic studies support a link between air pollutant exposures during early life and development of lung function
decrements; however the underlying biological mechanisms are not
fully understood. Our objective is to investigate the early life impact of
episodic ozone and particulate matter exposure on hemostatic parameters.
Aims: To determine whether exposure to high levels of ozone and particulate matter during early postnatal development resulted in longterm hemostatic abnormalities.
Methods: Rhesus monkeys, born in 2008 and 2009, continuously
housed outdoors were studied. 2008 animals were exposed to high particulate matter (PM) and ozone at 3 months of age, while 2009 animals
were exposed to much lower PM levels. Anticoagulated peripheral
blood obtained from sedated animals was used for platelet flow cytometry studies.
Results: Resting and ADP stimulated platelets from both male and
female animals experiencing wildfire exposure, had significantly
greater numbers of CD63 percent positive platelets, as well as
increased CD63 on their surface, than their gender matched 2009
511
cohort. Thrombin stimulation did not result in any significant differences among the populations. Cleavage of CD42b was used as an indicator of platelet activation. All populations of animals expressed
CD42b on their surface, however there were decreases in numbers of
CD42b molecules on the platelet surface in both the 08F and 08M
when compared with their gender matched cohort. ADP stimulation
produced similar results to the resting populations. There was no difference in thrombin stimulated platelets between the 2 cohorts.
Conclusion: Our data suggest that exposure to wildfire smoke in neonatal rhesus monkey males and females results in signifcantly increased
platelet activation which is evidence in populations of both unstimulated (resting) and ADP activated samples.
PO008-TUE
Evaluation of factor xia pharmacokinetics in mice with
a thrombin generation assay
Liang Y, Struble EB, Chang WC, Scott D and Ovanesov MV
Office of Blood Research and Review, US FDA, CBER, Silver
Spring, USA
Background: Trace amounts of activated Factor XI (FXIa) were found
in plasma of patients with various thrombotic conditions, suggesting
that FXIa is either a by-product of or a participant in the thrombosis
development. FXIa contamination has also been found in several
plasma-derived immune globulin products associated with increased
rates of thrombotic adverse events. Risk of FXIa-induced thrombosis
may depend on FXIa circulatory half-life but FXIa pharmacokinetics
has never been studied.
Aims: Develop a micro-volume assay for evaluation of FXIa pharmacokinetics in mice.
Methods: Thrombin generation assay was optimized for evaluation of
micro-samples (20 lL) of mouse plasma. Each sample was tested
twice, with and without anti-FXI inhibitory antibody AHXI-5061.
Blood samples were collected from mice after intravenous administration of the highest non-toxic dose of human FXIa, determined in preliminary dose-escalation studies.
Results: Specificity of anti-FXI antibody-based thrombin generation
assay was confirmed in vitro as well as by samples collected after mock
administrations in mice. FXIa-dependent thrombin generation activity
was detected as early as 10 min after administration, and declined
steadily over 1, 2, and 8 h time points, reaching the baseline thrombin
generation levels after 24 h.
Conclusion: Circulating FXIa activity can be detected many hours
after the administration, confirming that FXIa can be a marker of
both ongoing and past thrombotic events. Analysis of FXIa pharmacokinetics may be helpful in the evaluation of relative thrombogenic
potentials of FXIa-containing blood-derived products, e.g., intravenous, subcutaneous and intramuscular immune globulins. Further
studies are needed to clarify the relationship between plasma level of
FXIa and the risk of thrombotic event development.
Disclaimer: This is an informal communication and it represents
authors best judgment. These comments do not bind or obligate
FDA.
Disclosure of Interest: Y. Liang: None Declared, E. Struble: None
Declared, W. Chang: None Declared, D. Scott: None Declared, M.
Ovanesov Grant/Research Support from: FDA Office of Womens
Health
512
ABSTRACTS
Antiplatelets agents II
PO009-TUE
Resistance to anti-platelet agents in patients with
ischemic stroke
Pathare A1, Falahi KA1, Gujjar A2, Al-Belushi B1, Nandagopal R2,
Jacob PC2 and Asmi AA2
1
Department of Haematology; 2Department of Neurology, Sultan
Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
Background: Aspirin and Clopidogrel are currently the most prevalent
antiplatelet agents[APA] used in the prevention of ischemic, non-cardioembolic strokes. However, variable response to antiplatelet therapy
needs monitoring by platelet function studies.
Aims: To explore the prevalence of resistance to anti-platelet therapy
with aspirin and/or clopidogrel among patients with ischemic stroke
and correlate its relation to stroke recurrence.
Methods: Adult patients with ischemic stroke treated either with Aspirin or Clopidogrel or both were enrolled. Platelet function was studied
by light transmission aggregometry [LTA] using ADP and arachidonic
acid as the agonist and PFA-100 screen. Aspirin resistance was defined
as a mean platelet aggregation 20% with 0.5 mg mL1 arachidonic
acid and/or 70% with 5 lmol L1 adenosine diphosphate by LTA.
Clopidogrel resistance was defined as a mean platelet aggregation
40% with 5 lmol L1 adenosine diphosphate by LTA. Frequency of
resistance to APA among patients with and without stroke recurrence
over the period of antiplatelet therapy was compared.
Results: Of the 23 patients studied[Mean Age: 67 10 yr. M:
F::11:12], 21 were on aspirin and 11 on clopidogrel. Of these, 9 were
on dual antiplatelet therapy. Overall, 3 patients on aspirin and 4
patients on clopidogrel had resistance to anti-platelet effect(30%).
While the failure of aspirin effect was observed in 3 patients with
monotherapy, of the failures with clopidogrel occurred in patients
on dual APA therapy. Amongst the 14 patients(61%) who had recurrent stroke, 5(36%) had APA resistance as compared to 2(22%)
patients without recurrent stroke [P = 0.95, Chi Square test].
Conclusion: Resistance to the anti-platelet effect of clopidogrel (36%)
appears to be more frequent than that due to aspirin (14%) in Omani
population. Resistance to APA is more prevalent in patients with recurrent stroke [1:1.6] but larger studies are necessary to explore the correlation of resistance to APA with recurrence of cardiovascular events.
PO010-TUE
Mechanism of antiplatelet action induced by
guanosine via increase in camp levels and its
antithrombotic activity
Fuentes E1, Alarcon M1, Caballero J2 and Palomo I1
1
Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology;
2
Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Simulations,
Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
Background: Guanosine is a natural bioactive compound and endogenous nucleoside that has been identified in fruits and vegetables (tomatoes, potatoes and apples, among others). Guanosine exhibits
antiplatelet activity. However, the specific mechanisms by which this
inhibition occurs is not completely established.
Aims: The main aim of this work was to investigated antiplatelet
action mechanisms and antithrombotic activity of guanosine.
Methods: Guanosine (10 a 500 lmol L1) was evaluated on i) Platelet
P-selectin expression and GPIIb/IIIa activation by flow cytometry, ii)
Platelet ATP secretion and aggregation induced by ADP, collagen and
arachidonic acid, iii) Platelet adhesion and aggregation under controlled flow conditions, iv) Intraplatelet cAMP levels and release of
sCD40L, IL-1b, TGF-b1 and CCL5, v) Phosphodiesterase 3A

(PDE3A) activity and phosphorylation of the cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase (PKA), and vi) Antithrombotic activity (200 mg kg1) in
a murine model. The guanosine docking with respect to adenosine
A2A receptor was determined by homology.
The protocols were authorized by the ethics committee of the Universidad de Talca in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
Results: Guanosine concentration-dependently (10 a 500 lmol L1)
inhibited P-selectin expression and GPIIb/IIIa activation, platelet
ATP secretion and aggregation induced by ADP, collagen and arachidonic acid, and diminished platelet adhesion and aggregation under
controlled flow conditions on collagen. At these concentrations guanosine significantly decreased the release of inflammatory mediators from
platelet activation (sCD40L, IL-1b, TGF-b1 and CCL5). Furthermore, guanosine increased intraplatelet cAMP levels/PKA activation
and is compatible to the active site of the adenosine A2A receptor as
revealed through molecular modeling. Moreover, guanosine had a
potent antithrombotic activity.
Conclusion: Antiplatelet and antithrombotic effects of guanosine are
associated with the adenosine A2A receptor and cAMP/PKA signaling
pathway.
PO011-TUE
Impact of non-inhibited platelet supplementation on
platelet reactivity in patients treated with prasugrel or
ticagrelor for an acute coronary syndrome: an ex-vivo
study
Bonhomme F1, Bonvini R2, Reny J-L3, Poncet A4 and Fontana P5
1
Division of Anesthesiology; 2Division of Cardiology; 3Division of
Internal Medicine, and Rehabilitation; 4Division of Clinical
Epidemiology; 5Division of Angiology and Hemostasis, Geneva
University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
Background: Managing bleeding in patients receiving P2Y12 inhibitors
is challenging. Few data are available regarding the efficacy of platelet
transfusion in patients treated with prasugrel or ticagrelor.
Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the minimal amount of
platelet supplementation necessary to restore platelet reactivity in
platelet-rich plasma (PRP) of patients treated with aspirin and a prasugrel or ticagrelor loading dose for an acute coronary syndrome.
Methods: PRP samples from patients were mixed ex-vivo with increasing proportions of pooled PRP from healthy volunteers. Platelet reactivity was challenged with adenosine diphosphate (ADP), arachidonic
acid, collagen or thrombin receptor activating peptide using light
transmission aggregometry. The primary endpoint was the proportion
of patient samples recovering an ADP-induced maximal aggregation
(ADP-Aggmax) value above 40%.
Results: In patients treated with prasugrel (n = 32), ADP-Aggmax
increased progressively with supplements of pooled PRP, with an average increase of 7.9% (95% CI [7.1; 8.8], P < 0.001) per 20% addition
of non-inhibited platelets. The addition of 60% non-inhibited platelets
was associated with 90% of patients reaching the primary endpoint. In
patients treated with ticagrelor (n = 15), ADP-Aggmax did not significantly increase with any level of supplements.
Conclusion: Ex-vivo addition of non-inhibited platelets significantly
improved ADP-Aggmax in patients treated with prasugrel with a dose
dependent effect. There was no evidence of such a reversal in patients
treated with ticagrelor. These results suggest that platelet transfusion
may be more effective in blunting bleeding in patients treated with
prasugrel, than those treated with ticagrelor.
Disclosure of Interest: F. Bonhomme Grant/Research Support from:
Astra Zeneca, R. Bonvini: None Declared, J.-L. Reny: None Declared,
A. Poncet: None Declared, P. Fontana Grant/Research Support from:
Astra Zeneca
ABSTRACTS
PO012-TUE
The effects of two commonly used herbal products on
haemostatic system and their interactions with aspirin
Wong WH1, Ang SK2, Fung FY3, Koh HL4, Kun MC3, Lee LH1,
Li X5, Ng HJ1, Tan CW1, Zhao Y6 and Linn YC1
1
Haematology, Singapore General Hospital; 2Pharmacy, National
Cancer Centre, Singapore; 3Pharmacy, Singapore General
Hospital; 4Pharmacy, National University of Singapore; 5Clinical
Trial Resource Centre, Singapore General Hospital; 6School of
Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University,
Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
Background: The use of herbal products as alternative medicine is prevalent worldwide. Curcuma longa (CL) and Angelicae sinensis (AS) are
two commonly used herbs with purported blood activating properties.
Their effects on haemostasis and interaction with aspirin are unknown.
Aims: To investigate the effects of CL and AS on platelet function,
thrombin generation and interaction with aspirin.
Methods: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover
study was carried out with 3 phases of 3-week intervention comprising
of herbal capsule only (CL 500 mg daily or AS 1000 mg daily), aspirin
only (100 mg daily) and aspirin + herbal capsule, with 2 weeks washout period in between. Blood samples were analysed at baseline and
after each phase for platelet function (PFT) using light transmission
aggregation and thrombin generation (TG) on platelet poor plasma.
Clinical events were recorded.
Results: 25 healthy volunteers were recruited for each of the CL and
AS groups. CL and AS only affected the arachidonic acid (AA)induced aggregation. The median AA-induced percentage (%) aggregation and AUC (5th-95th percentile) in the CL group were 92.5%
(9.8% 125%) (P < 0.05) and 358.3 (53.6 695.1) respectively, compared to baseline [100.0% (79.0%123.2%); AUC=402.6 (159.7
639.7)]. The median AA-induced %aggregation and AUC in the AS
group were 91% (30% 105.9%) and 400.8 (119.5 516.4) (P < 0.05)
respectively, compared to baseline [93.5% (70.8%>107.0%);
AUC=432.3 (339.3533.7)]. The herbs did not affect TG parameters
significantly from the baseline. The addition of herbs did not further
aggravate aspirin-induced platelet dysfunction or TG parameters. No
clinical events were reported for all groups.
Conclusion: CL and AS suppressed AA-induced PFT without causing
any significant adverse clinical event. The widely held beliefs of bloodactivating properties of CL and AS were not demonstrated through
PFT and TG. The concurrent usage of CL or AS with aspirin appears
to be safe.
PO013-TUE
Efficacy of platelet inhibition with prasugrel in patients
with acute myocardial infarction undergoing
therapeutic hypothermia after cardiopulmonary
resuscitation
Schafer A, Flierl U and Bauersachs J
Background: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the leading cause
for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Therapeutic hypothermia improves
neurological outcome in combination with early revascularization, but
reduces clopidogrel responsiveness. The more potent thienopyridine
prasugrel has not yet been sufficiently evaluated during therapeutic
hypothermia.
Aims: To assess the responsiveness to prasugrel in patients undergoing
therapeutic hypothermia.
Methods: We investigated 23 consecutive AMI patients (61 11
years) following out-of-hospital resuscitation undergoing revasculari 2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997
513
zation and therapeutic hypothermia. Prasugrel efficacy was assessed

by the platelet-reactivity-index (PRI) before and 2, 4, 6, 12, 24, 48, and
72 h following a loading dose of 60 mg via a gastric tube.
Results: Prasugrel significantly reduced PRI despite hypothermia
(P = 0.0002). Mean PRI (SD) was 70 12% before and 60 16%
(2 h, ns), 52 21% (4 h, P < 0.05), 42 26% (6 h, P < 0.01),
37 21% (12 h, P < 0.01), 27 23% (24 h, P < 0.01), 18 14%
(48 h, P < 0.01), and 13 10% (72 h, P < 0.01) after loading. Sufficient platelet inhibition occurred later compared to stable AMI
patients, however, high ontreatment platelet reactivity significantly
decreased over time and was nonexistent after 72 h (PRI>50%: 2 h:
72%, 4 h: 52%, 6 h: 43%, 12 h: 29%, 24 h: 17%, 48 h: 5%, 72 h:
0%). There was no relation between 30d mortality rate (31%) and PRI
values.
Conclusion: Prasugrel significantly reduced platelet reactivity even during vasopressor use, analgosedation and therapeutic hypothermia.
Despite a significant delay compared to stable AMI patients, sufficient
platelet inhibition was reached in 83% of patients within 24 h. Therefore, prasugrel administration via gastric tube might be a useful therapeutic strategy in these patients at high risk, providing potent and
effective P2Y12 inhibition.
Disclosure of Interest: A. Schafer Speaker Bureau of: lecture fees for
Daiichi-Sankyo/Eli Lilly, U. Flierl: None Declared, J. Bauersachs:
None Declared.
PO014-TUE
Antibody targeted, thrombin-sensitive polymer
capsules for urokinase delivery
Gunawan ST1, Kempe K2, Bonnard T3, Cui J1, Alt K3, Wang X4,
Law LS3, Such GK5, Peter K4, Caruso F1 and Hagemeyer CE3
1
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The
University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; 2Department of
Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK; 3Vascular
Biotechnology Lab; 4Atherothrombosis and Vascular Lab, Baker
Heart And Diabetes Institute; 5Department of Chemistry, The
University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
Background: Plasminogen activators such as Urokinase generate plasmin, which lyses fibrin and restores perfusion. However, thrombolytic
drugs can lead to systemic plasminogen activation and plasmin generation causing severe and potentially life threatening bleeding complications leaving many patients untreated.
Aims: Nanotechnology has the potential to overcome those limitations
providing safe and efficient thrombolysis. We set out to develop targeted nanoparticles that can encapsulate biomolecules such as Urokinase thereby preventing systemic plasminogen activation in the
circulation. Here we present the development of an antibody targeted
thrombin sensitive capsule system loaded with Urokinase.
Methods: Biocompatible polymers were layered on Urokinase filled silica particles and crosslinked with a thrombin sensitive peptide
linker. To provide thrombus targeting, an activation specific singlechain antibody against platelets was equipped with an orthogonal
chemistry group using enzymatic bioconjugation and attached to the
capsules surface using site-specific chemistry.
Results: After removal of the sacrificial template, loading of active
Urokinase was confirmed using dye labelled enzyme as well as chromogenic Urokinase assays. Rapid, dose dependent capsule degradation was observed with L-amino acid linked particles but not when a
D-amino acid linker was used. This was independent of the surface
attachment with the antibody. Platelet targeting was confirmed by flow
cytometry and flow chamber assays.
Conclusion: We have developed a thrombin sensitive nanocapsule system for targeted delivery of thrombolytic drugs. Protecting drugs in
the circulation and only releasing active biomolecules at the site of
action could provide significant progress in moving the field out of its
514
ABSTRACTS
current stagnation. The system presented here could provide safe and
potent thrombolysis for myocardial infarction, stroke and other acute
thrombotic events.
PO015-TUE
Platelet transfusion might be a potent antidote for
thienopyridines, but not for ticagrelor
Bertling A1, Mergemeier K1, Geissler GG2, Sibrowski W2,
Kelsch R2, Waltenberger J3, Jakubowski JA4 and Kehrel BE1
1
Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain
Medicine, Exp. and Clinical Haemostasis; 2Institute of
Transfusion Medicine and Transplantation Immunology;
3
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital
Muenster, Muenster, Germany; 4 Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli
Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
Background: Inhibition of platelet P2Y12 ADP receptors in patients
with acute coronary syndrome or after percutaneous coronary intervention effectively reduces the rate and extent of subsequent cardiovascular events. The reversal of antiplatelet drug effects is an
important issue at trauma or emergency departments as a higher
bleeding tendency is correlated with higher morbidity and mortality.
Platelet transfusions are frequently administered to counteract platelet
defects.
Aims: In our ex vivo study we mimicked platelet transfusion by adding
fresh (donor) platelets to platelets from cardiovascular patients, who
were on stable medication with prasugrel, clopidogrel or ticagrelor.
The ongoing study is intended to verify, whether the reversible or irreversible mode of action of the drug has an influence on the ability of
fresh platelets to restore platelet function in such mixtures.
Methods: Blood was taken from patients 4 h after administration of a
P2Y12 antagonist in order to mimic a situation that might require
platelet transfusion. We have studied so far 34 patient/donor pairs that
differed in their HLA-A2/A28 status allowing a differentiation of
platelets in a mixture by using an A2/A28-specific fluorochrome-coupled antibody with flow cytometric analysis. Under these conditions
we were able to measure ADP-induced fibrinogen binding and a-granule release for the whole platelet population as well as for the individual platelet populations from donors or patients in one sample.
Results: We found that the reactivity of donor platelets to ADP was
not affected when added to platelet-rich plasma from prasugrel(n = 12) or clopidogrel-treated (n = 8) patients. In contrast, the reactivity of the donor platelets was dramatically reduced when added to
platelet-rich plasma from all patients (n = 14) receiving ticagrelor
(P < 0.001).
Conclusion: These data suggest that in contrast to clopidogrel and
prasugrel, the activity of ticagrelor may not be directly and/or immediately reversed by platelet transfusion.
Disclosure of Interest: A. Bertling Grant/Research Support from: The
research was supported in part by an unrestricted grant of Daiichi
Sankyo., K. Mergemeier: None Declared, G. Georg Geissler: None
Declared, W. Sibrowski: None Declared, R. Kelsch: None Declared, J.
Waltenberger Grant/Research Support from: The research was supported in part by an unrestricted grant of Daiichi Sankyo., J. Jakubowski Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, B. Kehrel Grant/
Research Support from: The research was supported in part by an
unrestricted grant of Daiichi Sankyo.
PO016-TUE
Ticagrelor reversal: in vitro assessment of various
hemostatic agents
Calmette L1,2, Martin A-C2,3, Bonniec BL2, Gouin-Thibault I1,2,
Bachelot-Loza C2, Gaussem P2,4 and Godier A2,5
1
^pital Cochin, Laboratoire dH
APHP, Ho
ematologie; 2UMR^pital
S1140, Universit
e Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cit
e; 3Ho
4
^pital Europ
een
Val de Gr^
ace, Service de Cardiologie; APHP, Ho
Georges Pompidou, Laboratoire dH
ematologie; 5Fondation
Rothschild, Service dAnesth
esie-R
eanimation, Paris, France
Background: Ticagrelor, a reversible P2Y12 inhibitor, is recommended
for the treatment of acute coronary syndrome. Management of bleeding complications is challenging as no antidote is available. Platelet
transfusion, usually proposed as a reversal strategy for antiplatelet
drugs, is poorly effective since circulating ticagrelor and its active
metabolite inhibit transfused platelets (1). Thus, effective strategy is
critically needed to manage ticagrelor-induced bleeding.
Aims: To investigate in vitro the efficacy of 4 hemostatic drugs (HD),
namely recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa), fibrinogen (Fib),
tranexamic acid (TXA) and factor XIII (FXIII) used at clinically-used
concentrations, to restore hemostatic capacities inhibited by ticagrelor.
Methods: Blood from healthy volunteers was spiked with ticagrelor (0
or 3.25 lM, n > 5) then supplemented by either HD or control. HD
efficacy was investigated with 20 lM ADP-induced platelet aggregation measured by impedance on whole blood and by light transmission
on platelet rich plasma (PRP), thrombolastography Platelet Mapping
assay (TEG-PM)(ADP 2 lM) and thrombin generation assay (TGA)
on PRP (ADP 20 lM).
Results: Ticagrelor strongly inhibited ADP-induced platelet aggregation and decreased the clot strength (MA) in TEG-PMADP. None of
the tested HD corrected these parameters. However, using TEGPMthrombin (kaolin/calcium), rFVIIa shortened coagulation time R
(P = 0.03), Fib increased MA (P = 0.03) whereas FXIII decreased
LY30 (P = 0.03). Furthermore, rFVIIa shortened time to peak prolonged by ticagrelor in TGA (P = 0.03). No effect of TXA was
observed.
Conclusion: Whereas none of the tested HD corrected ticagrelor effects
on ADP-induced aggregation, rFVIIa shortened coagulation time, Fib
increased clot firmness and FXIII decreased fibrinolysis. Although
these HD do not have direct effect on platelets they could compensate
ticagrelor effects by acting on fibrinoformation and fibrinolysis.
1- Godier A, Taylor G, Gaussem P. N Engl J Med. 2015;372:1967.
Disclosure of Interest: L. Calmette: None Declared, A.-C. Martin:
None Declared, B. Le Bonniec: None Declared, I. Gouin-Thibault
Grant/Research Support from: CSL Behring, C. Bachelot-Loza: None
Declared, P. Gaussem Grant/Research Support from: CSL Behring,
A. Godier Grant/Research Support from: CSL Behring, Speaker
Bureau of: LFB.
PO017-TUE
Two disintegrins, TFV-1 and TFV-3, purified from
trimeresurus flavoviridis snake venom, exhibit distinct
effects on platelet activation
Pan TY, Hsu C-C and Huang T-F
Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University,
Taipei, Taiwan
Background: Disintegrins are potent small-mass platelet inhibitors
found in snake venoms, which are GPIIb/IIIa antagonist and potential
antithrombotic agents. Current GPIIb/IIIa antagonists have the lifethreatening adverse effect of causing thrombocytopenia and bleeding.
There were two disintegrins, TFV-1 and TFV-3, purified from Trimeresurus flavoviridis snake venom, with different properties.
ABSTRACTS
Aims: We compared if any different effects on platelet activation exist
between TFV-1 and TFV-3.
Methods: Gel filtration and reverse-phase HPLC were used for purification and MALDI-TOF for molecular weight determination. LumiAggregometer to examine platelet aggregation. Flow cytometric analysis for indirect binding of disintegrins and GPIIb/IIIa monoclonal
antibodies to platelets.
Results: The molecular weight of TFV-1 and TFV-3 were determined
as 7310 Da and 7646 Da by MALDI-TOF, respectively. Both TFV-1
and TFV-3 concentration-dependently inhibited platelet aggregation
in human platelet-rich plasma and washed platelet suspension. The
IC50 values of TFV-1 and TFV-3 for platelet aggregation induced by
ADP (20 lM), thrombin (0.1 unit mL1) and collagen (10 lg mL1)
were estimated to be 0.73 and 0.23 lg mL1, 0.47 and 0.23 lg mL1,
and 0.52 and 0.22 lg mL1, respectively. In clot retraction test, TFV1 promoted thrombin-induced clot retraction while TFV-3 inhibited it.
On other hand, TFV-3 induced platelet aggregation in the presence of
AP2, a GPIIb/IIIa monoclonal antibody, due to FccRIIa recruitment,
but TFV-1 did not. TFV-3 significantly inhibited 7E3, a mAb raised
against GPIIb/IIIa, binding to GPIIb/IIIa, but TFV-1 did not.
Conclusion: Two disintegrins, TFV-1 and TFV-3 exhibit distinct binding epitopes on GPIIb/IIIa and different effects on platelet activation
process. These differences between TFV-1 and TFV-3 may provide
valuable information for the development of GPIIb/IIIa inhibitors
and the mechanisms involved in GPIIb/IIIa inhibitor-induced thrombocytopenia and bleeding.
PO018-TUE
Platelet inhibition monitoring with
thromboelastography (TEG) platelet mapping in
pediatric patients with ventricular assist device
Belleville T1,2,3, Giorni C4, Bachelot-Loza C2,3, Pouard P4,
Pascreau T1, Lopez V4, Biselli C4, Barbanti C4, Borgel D1,5,6 and
Lasne D1,5
1
^pital Necker; 2INSERM
Service dhematologie Biologique, Ho
3
e;
U1140; Universite Paris-Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cit
4
^pital Necker, Paris;
Departement dAnesth
esie R
eanimation, Ho
5
INSERM U1176, Kremlin-Bic^
etre; 6Universit
e Paris Sud, UFR de
Pharmacie, Chatenay-Malabry, France
Background: Berlin Heart (BH) is the first pulsatile ventricular assist
devices suitable for small children. Thrombosis in this context remains
an issue. Thus, a multi-system anticoagulation protocol is recommended, including dual antiplatelet therapy with dipyridamole and
aspirin (ASA). TEG Platelet Mapping (TEGPM) is required by BHs
manufacturer to monitor platelet inhibition (PI).
Aims: To assess if TEGPM is reliable to monitor PI induced by dipydamole and ASA in children on BH support.
Methods: From 2009 to 2015, we have followed 6 patients (2 to
10 years) implanted with BH. PI was assessed with TEGPM, used as
recommended, and/or light transmission aggregometry (LTA) with
5 lM ADP and 1 mM AA. According to the guidelines of BH, target
PI for dipyridamole and ASA is reached with TEGPM if GADP<6
dynes cm2 and AA inhibition >70% respectively and with LTA if
maximal aggregation (MA) with ADP is <50% and with AA <30%
respectively. Results are given as median [min-max].
Results: Two of the six children did not receive antiplatelet because
one died shortly after implantation and the other was soon transplanted. Three of them were successfully bridged to transplantation,
and one had myocardial recovery. In one child, right ventricle was
changed twice. Monitoring of children receiving dual antiplatelet therapy was done by LTA (3 patients) and/or by TEGPM (4 patients).
Overall, 15 LTA and TEGPM were done in parallel. The agreement
between both methods was 60% for AA (9/15) but only 29% for ADP
515
(4/14). In most cases of discordant results for ADP, TEGPM showed

PI (GADP 3.8 dynes cm2 [1.89.4]) while LTA showed high platelet
reactivity (MA 81.5% [28100]). For two children, the clot viscoelastic
maximum amplitude often showed an abnormal pattern, suggesting
spontaneous platelet activation.
Conclusion: TEGPM and LTA often lead to different decisions for
adjusting doses of dypiridamole. In some patients, abnormal TEGPM
pattern altered the assessment of AA or ADP receptor pathway.
PO019-TUE
The prognostic utility of platelet function testing for
the detection of aspirin resistance in patients with
established cardiovascular disease
Lordkipanidze M1,2, Dretzke J3, Riley R3, Jowett S3, ODonnell J3,
Ensor J3, Moloney E4, Price M3, Raichand S3, Hodgkinson J3,
Bayliss S3, Moore D3 and Fitzmaurice D3
1
Facult
e de pharmacie, Universit
e de Montr
eal; 2Research
Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada; 3University
of Bimringham, Birmingham; 4Newcastle University, Newcastle,
UK
Background: Aspirin is well established for secondary prevention of
cardiovascular disease. However, a proportion of patients suffer repeat
cardiovascular events despite being prescribed aspirin treatment. It is
uncertain whether this is due to an inherent inability of aspirin to sufficiently modify platelet activity.
Aims: To investigate whether insufficient platelet function inhibition
by aspirin (aspirin resistance), as defined using platelet function tests
(PFTs), is linked to the occurrence of adverse clinical outcomes.
Methods: Standard systematic review methods were used for identifying clinical studies where aspirin was used as the sole antiplatelet agent
in secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease (n = 58). Unadjusted and adjusted odds and hazard ratios for the association between
aspirin resistance for different PFTs and clinical outcomes were
extracted or calculated (Registered as PROSPERO 2012:
CRD42012002151).
Results: The main PFTs used were light transmission aggregometry
(LTA), VerifyNow Aspirin, thromboxane metabolites, PFA-100,
whole blood aggregometry and thromboelastography. A trend for
more clinical events in groups designated aspirin resistant was seen
for some PFTs (LTA, VerifyNow Aspirin, PFA-100, thromboxane
metabolite measurement). However, study-level effect sizes were generally small and absolute outcome risk was not substantially different
between aspirin resistant and aspirin sensitive designations.
Conclusion: Although evidence indicates that some PFTs may have
some prognostic value, methodological and clinical heterogeneity
between studies and different approaches to analyses create inconsistency in prognostic results. Adequately powered primary studies are
needed, using standardised methods of measurements to evaluate the
prognostic ability of each test in the same population(s). For any PFT
to inform individual risk prediction, it will likely need to be considered
in combination with other prognostic factors, within a prognostic
model.
516
ABSTRACTS
PO020-TUE
A time course study of high on treatment platelet
reactivity in ACS patients on dual antiplatelet therapy
Fabbri A1, Marcucci R1, Gori AM1,2, Giusti B1, Paniccia R1,
Balzi D3, Barchielli A3, Valente S4, Giglioli C4, Abbate R1 and
Gensini GF1,2
1
Of Florence; 2Don Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS; 3Epidemiology
Unit, Local Health Unit 10; 4Heart and Vessel Department,
Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
Background: Limited data are available on the natural history of high
on treatment platelet reactivity (HPR) by arachidonic acid (AA) and
ADP markers of unfavorable prognosis in ACS patients -.
Aims: We evaluated the time-course of HPR by ADP and AA during
1 year of follow-up of a cohort of ACS patients on dual antiplatelet
treatment.
Methods: In 130 ACS patients, we assessed HPR by ADP (LTA by
10 lM ADP 70%) and AA (LTA by 1 mmol AA 20%) measuring
platelet function in the acute phase (T0), at 6 months (T1) and 1 year
(T2).
Results: We identified persistent (HPR at T0,T1 and T2), acute non persistent (HPR only at T0), and late (HPR only at T1 or T2). Patients
with persistent and acute non persistent HPR by ADP were more frequently females. Diabetes was more prevalent in patients with acute
non persistent HPR by ADP. Patients carrying CYP2C19*2 variant
were more prevalent in the group of persistent HPR (40%). Significant
higher values of immature platelet fraction (IPF) at 12 months were
present in patients with late HPR. This was the only variable significantly associated with late HPR by ADP at multivariate analysis
(OR=1.28 (1.11.6), P = 0.049). Patients with persistent HPR by AA
were significantly older, more frequently females and diabetic. At multivariate analysis, female sex was the only parameter associated with
late (OR=3.8 (1.114.3), P = 0.045) and acute non persistent HPR
(OR=4.2 (1.115.8), P = 0.035).
Conclusion: About 25% of 130 patients has persistent HPR; they are
more frequently females, diabetics or carriers of CYP2C19*2. The
occurrence of an inflammatory state, documented by the increase of
IPF, is associated with the occurrence of late HPR.
PO021-TUE
Inhibition of platelet aggregation by GLS-409, an
antagonist of both P2Y1 and P2Y12, is distinct from
inhibition by selective P2Y1 and P2Y12 antagonists
Gremmel T1,2, Yanachkov IB3, Wright G3, Michelson AD2 and
Frelinger AL2
1
Vienna, Vienna, Austria; 2Center For Platelet Research Studies,
Boston Children0 s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; 3GL
Synthesis, Worcester, USA
Background: Dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin (ASA) and an
adenosine diphosphate (ADP) receptor inhibitor is the standard of
care to prevent thrombotic events in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Currently approved ADP receptor antagonists target only the
P2Y12 receptor. In contrast, diadenosine tetraphosphate (Ap4A) and
its derivatives also target the second human platelet ADP receptor,
P2Y1.
Aims: To determine the effects on platelet aggregation, pre- and postASA ingestion, of simultaneous inhibition of both P2Y1 and P2Y12 by
a new Ap4A derivative (GLS-409) as compared to selective P2Y12 inhibition with cangrelor and selective P2Y1 inhibition with MRS2179.
Methods: Blood was drawn from 6 healthy individuals before and 2 h

after the ingestion of 325 mg ASA. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and
whole blood was incubated (37C, 15 min) with different concentrations of GLS-409, cangrelor or MRS2179, then platelet aggregation in
response to ADP, collagen and thrombin receptor-activating peptide
(TRAP) was determined by 96-well optical and whole blood impedance aggregometry.
Results: GLS-409 inhibited ADP-, collagen- and TRAP-stimulated
platelet aggregation in PRP and in whole blood. ASA ingestion
reduced the half-maximal inhibitory concentration for GLS-409 inhibition of TRAP- but not ADP- or collagen-stimulated aggregation.
Cangrelor produced similar results, except that ASA did not alter
cangrelor inhibition of TRAP-stimulated aggregation. MRS2179 did
not inhibit TRAP-stimulated platelet aggregation and showed
increased inhibition of collagen-stimulated platelet aggregation in
PRP and whole blood following ASA ingestion.
Conclusion: The pattern of inhibition of platelet aggregation by GLS409, an antagonist of both P2Y1 and P2Y12, is distinct from that produced by selective P2Y1 and P2Y12 antagonists. These unique ex vivo
properties suggest GLS-409s in vivo effects may also be distinct from
currently available selective P2Y12 antagonists.
Disclosure of Interest: T. Gremmel: None Declared, I. Yanachkov
Employee of: GL Synthesis, G. Wright Employee of: GL Synthesis, A.
Michelson Grant/Research Support from: GL Synthesis, Lilly/Daiichi
Sankyo, Pfizer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Consultant for: Lilly, A. Frelinger Grant/Research Support from: GL Synthesis, Lilly/Daiichi Sankyo, Pfizer, Bristol-Myers Squibb.
PO022-TUE
P2Y12 is not involved in the initiation and stabilization
of mural thrombi after laser injury of an artery
Darbousset R1, Caroff E2, Hubler F2, Riederer MA3, PanicotDubois L1 and Dubois C1
1
Aix Marseille Universit
e, INSERM UMR-S1076, Marseille,
France; 2DD Chemistry; 3DD Biology, Actelion Pharmaceuticals
Ltd., Allschwil, Switzerland
Background: We have previously shown that tissue factor (TF)-positive neutrophils bind to endothelial cells at the site of vessel wall injury
and initiate thrombus formation. After laser injury, neutrophil-localized TF activity triggers platelet activation via thrombin formation followed by fibrin formation. The irreversible P2Y12 antagonist
clopidogrel and the reversible P2Y12 antagonist ticagrelor are both
approved drugs for prevention of major adverse vascular events in
patients with acute coronary syndromes.
Aims: Comparison of clopidogrel with two reversible P2Y12 antagonists, ticagrelor and ACT-246475, in injury-induced and neutrophilmediated thrombus formation.
Methods: Laser-induced thrombus formation was studied using real
time intravital microscopy in mice. A novel method to quantify the
stability of mural thrombi was applied.
Results: Comparison of irreversible and reversible P2Y12 antagonists
confirmed a dose-dependent inhibition of laser-induced platelet
thrombi. Clopidogrel and ticagrelor, but not ACT-246475, decreased
the number of adherent neutrophils and the extent of thrombus-associated fibrin. In addition, clopidogrel and ticagrelor, but not ACT246475, reduced the stability of mural thrombi as quantified by
increased detachment of platelet aggregates from mural thrombi.
Conclusion: The P2Y12 antagonist ACT-246475 efficiently inhibited
thrombus growth without affecting neutrophil adhesion, fibrin formation and stability of mural thrombi. Therefore, the three P2Y12 antagonists clearly differ in their off-target effects. In addition, the data
suggest that P2Y12 is not involved in the initiation and stabilization of
platelet thrombi formed after laser injury. Increased stability of mural
ABSTRACTS
thrombi, as observed in the presence of ACT-246475, might be beneficial for an antithrombotic agent.
Disclosure of Interest: R. Darbousset Grant/Research Support from:
Actelion Pharmaceuticals, E. Caroff Employee of: Actelion Pharmaceuticals, F. Hubler Employee of: Actelion Pharmaceuticals, M. Riederer Employee of: Actelion Pharmaceuticals, L. Panicot-Dubois
Grant/Research Support from: Actelion Pharmaceuticals, C. Dubois
Grant/Research Support from: Actelion Pharmaceuticals.
PO023-TUE
Safety of rivaroxaban: effects on platelet function
Hernandez J, Espejo HG, Moreno M, Hernandez JR, Isordia I and
Majluf A
n Medica en Trombosis, Hemostasia y
Aterogenesis, Instituto Mexicano Del Seguro Social, Mexico City,
Mexico
Background: Rivaroxaban (RIV) is a direct inhibitor of FXa. It has
been suggested that RIV may have antiplatelet effects. However, information about the dose-dependent antiplatelet effect of RIV is quite
scarce.
Aims: To learn about the likely antiplatelet effects of 4 different doses
of RIV on platelet function.
Methods: We included adult patients, men and women who received
RIV due to specific indications (2.5, 10, 15, and 20 mg). All patients
gave informed consent. Platelet function tests were performed before
and 30 days after using RIV. Blood samples were drawn 24 h after the
last dose of the drug (12 h for the 2.5 mg group). Platelet function was
evaluated by means of platelet aggregometry using adenosine diphosphate (ADP;10 lM), epinephrine (EPI;10 lM), and arachidonic acid
(AA;0.5 mM). The study was performed according to the Declaration
of Helsinki and it was approved by the Ethical Committee of our Institution.
Results: Eighty samples (46 women; 34 men) were analyzed
(20 group1). Mean age for men and women was 47 and 49 year-old,
respectively. Mean SD basal vs. post-treatment platelet aggregation
for all groups were: 2.5 mg: AA (76 15 vs. 73 17%), ADP
(77 18 vs. 71 16%), EPI (71 19 vs. 74 18%); 10 mg: AA
(79 11 vs. 82 9%), ADP (77 16 vs. 70 16%), EPI (79 18
vs. 80 19%); 15 mg: AA (79 16 vs. 81 19%), ADP (78 18
vs. 75 14%), EPI (76 19 vs. 79 17%); 20 mg: AA (76 17 vs.
78 16%), ADP (74 14 vs. 75 12%), EPI (70 20 vs.
80 19%). Differences before and after using RIV were not significant (P 0.05). Also, there were not significant differences between
post-treatment results among the 4 groups (P 0.05).
Conclusion: Even at the highest approved doses RIV does not affect
the platelet aggregation. These results add information about the
safety of the drug and strongly suggest that it should not be used alone
in the treatment or prevention of diseases in which platelets play an
essential role.
517
PO024-TUE
The start-antiplatelets register: a multicenter
observational prospective study to assess the riskbenefits of antithrombotic therapy in acs patients
Marcucci R1, Pengo V2, Patti G3, Gresele P4, Antonucci E1,
Valente S5, Bracco A2, Fierro T4, Cavallari I3, Gensini GF1 and
Palareti G6
1
Experimental And Clinical Medicine, University Of Florence,
Florence; 2Department of Cardiac Thoracic and Vascular
Sciences, university of Padova, Padova; 3Department of
Cardiovascular Sciences, campus bio-medico; university of Rome,
Rome; 4Division of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine,
Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia;
5
Experimental And Clinical Medicine, AOU Careggi, Florence;
6
Angiology and Blood Coagulation, University of Bologna,
Bologna, Italy
Background: The treatment of ACS has been modified in recent years
by the introduction of the more potent P2Y12 inhibitors. Scarce data
are available on the adherence to guideline recommendations in the
real world, and on the follow-up of ACS patients. The significant prevalence of atrial fibrillation and of other conditions requiring an oral
anticoagulant therapy in ACS patients, raise complex clinical decision
problems for the association of antithrombotic therapies.
Aims: To register type and lenght of antiplatelet therapies in ACS
patients; to evaluate bleeding and thrombotic risk at 6 and 12 month
follow-up
Methods: Participant centers to the START-ANTIPLATELETS Register, a collaborative observational study, enroll all patients who meet
predefined eligibility criteria (ACS). Data of each individual patient,
including diagnosis, underlying conditions, type of antiplatelet treatment and causes of its variation, or of temporary or definitive interruption, and finally events occurring during 6- and 12-month follow-up,
are collected on the web-site of the register.
Results: 175 pts were registered so far (41 F; 134 M/age: 67 + 12.5 yrs). Diagnoses included: 75 STEMI; 74 NSTEMI and 26 UA.
141 (80.5%) pts underwent PCI; 130 were revascularized with stent
implantation (127/130 DES); 29 (16.5%) were medically treated and 9
(5.1%) underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery. At discharge
antithrombotic therapy included: aspirin in 171/175 (98%); P2Y12
inhibitors in 161/175 (92%): 77 (47.8%) clopidogrel; 65 (40.3%) ticagrelor; 19 (11.8%) prasugrel. 15/175 (8.6%) pts were treated with a
triple antithrombotic therapy: 13 patients with VKA+aspirin+clopidogrel; 1 with dabigatran+aspirin+clopidogrel and 1 with ticagrelor+VKA+aspirin.
Conclusion: START ANTIPLATELETS Register, a multicenter
observational prospective register, will allow us to enhance our understanding of the risk-benefits of the antithrombotic therapy in ACS
patients.
Disclosure of Interest: R. Marcucci Speaker Bureau of: bayer; Astra
Zeneca; Merck; Pfizer; Eli Lilly; Daichy Sankyo, V. pengo: None
Declared, G. Patti: None Declared, P. Gresele: None Declared, E. Antonucci: None Declared, S. Valente: None Declared, A. Bracco: None
Declared, T. Fierro: None Declared, I. Cavallari: None Declared, G.
F. Gensini: None Declared, G. Palareti: None Declared
518
ABSTRACTS
Arterial Vascular disorders

clinical II
PO025-TUE
Association of the mean platelet volume (MPV) with
the diagnosis of acute coronary syndromes (ACS)
among patients who present with chest pain at the
emergency room (ER)
1,2
Abubakar A-Z
Department of Laboratory, Ciudad Medical Zamboanga,
Zamboanga City; 2Department of Laboratory Medicine,
Philippine Heart Center, Quezon City, Philippines
1
Background: Mean platelet volume (MPV), an index for platelet size, is

associated with acute coronary syndromes (ACS).
Aims: The main objective of this study is to determine whether there is
an association between mean platelet volume and the diagnosis of
acute coronary syndromes. We further aim to evaluate the potential
diagnostic efficiency of MPV in the detection of conditions under the
spectrum of acute coronary syndromes.
Methods: Adult chest pain patients were tested for CBC examination
at the ER of Philippine Heart Center. The specimen was processed for
MPV and platelet count using Beckman-Coulter ACT 5Diff hematology auto-analyzer. Patients were grouped into ACS and non-ACS.
Independent t-test was used to compare these two groups. Cut-off
points of MPV were computed as determined by the area under the
curve of ROC curve.
Results: A total of 150 adult patients were examined for MPV and
platelet counts. The MPV of patients with ACS was increased at
8.3 fL compared to 7.3 fL in patients not diagnosed with ACS. Cutoff points predictive of ACS based on the area under the curve of the
ROC curve revealed a significant test (AOC is equal to 0.868 95% CI
(0.8120.924) P = <0.0001). At cut-off point of 8.4 fL, the positive
predictive value and specificity for ACS were 100%. MPVs between
7.6 and 7.8 showed satisfactory values of sensitivity, specificity, PPV
and NPV. The number of platelets was increased in non-ACS group.
Conclusion: The MPV of chest patients diagnosed with ACS was significantly higher compared to patients not diagnosed with ACS. At
cut-off point of 8.4 fL, the value is highly specific and predictive of
ACS. The diagnostic accuracy of MPV values is satisfactory between
7.6 fL to 7.8 fL. Platelet count of non-ACS group is increased.
PO026-TUE
Residual platelet function in acs patients treated with
prasugrel is lower than in patients treated with
clopidogrel but not in patients with hypertension
Laohathai P1,2, Joshi R2, Radhakrishnan A2, May J2, Dovlatova N2,
Heptinstall S2 and Fox S2
1
Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok,
Thailand; 2Division of Clinical Neuroscience, University of
Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
Background: Patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) receive antiplatelet agents to reduce the risk of recurrent thrombotic events. High
residual platelet function (RPF) is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events and this is particularly evident in those with increased
vascular risk factors. Here we have compared RPF in ACS patients during treatment with aspirin and clopidogrel or aspirin and prasugrel in
relation to six different vascular risk factors including hypertension.
Aims: To investigate the relationship between RPF and various vascular risk factors in ACS patients one month after start of antiplatelet
therapy.
Methods: Platelet function testing was via measurement of P-selectin

on platelets using the Aspirin and P2Y12 Test Kits (Platelet Solutions
Ltd., UK) where blood samples were stimulated with arachidonic acid
or adenosine diphosphate respectively, immediately after blood collection, and stabilized with PAMFix (from PSL); flow cytometric analysis
was performed within 9 days of blood collection.
Results:
Clopidogrel
P-selectin
MF median
[IQR] (n)
Prasugrel
P-selectin
MF median
[IQR] (n)
P value
No hypertension
Hypertension
P value
606 [392794] (47)
543 [397793] (33)
0.913
356 [294455] (43)
463 [323557] (28)
0.017
<0.001
0.118
For data obtained using the P2Y12 Test, as expected, RPF was higher
in those taking clopidogrel than those taking prasugrel. However, this
was only true in patients who did not have hypertension. RPF was significantly higher in those taking prasugrel who had hypertension compared with those without hypertension and values almost reached
those seen in the patients taking clopidogrel. No associations with
other risk factors were evident using the P2Y12 Test. There were no
associations with any risk factors using the Aspirin Test.
Conclusion: Hypertension seems to negate the beneficial effects of
prasugrel in some patients with ACS. Platelet function testing might
be useful to optimise therapy in this patient group.
Disclosure of Interest: P. Laohathai: None Declared, R. Joshi: None
Declared, A. Radhakrishnan: None Declared, J. May Shareholder of:
Platelet Solutions Ltd, N. Dovlatova Employee of: Platelet Solutions
Ltd, S. Heptinstall Shareholder of: Platelet Solutions Ltd, S. Fox
Shareholder of: Platelet Solutions Ltd.
PO027-TUE
Predictors of new onset atrial fibrillation after
myocardial infarction
Conti S, Vedovati MC2, Molle R and Maragoni G
Division of Cardiology-UTIC-Cardiovascular Rehabilitation, Usl 2
Umbria-Spoleto Hospital, Spoleto2Internal and Cardiovascular
Medicine and Stroke Unit, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) may complicate clinical course
and treatment strategies of patients after myocardial infarction (MI).
Limited data are available on this field.
Aims: To evaluate the predictors of new onset AF after IM in long
term follow-up of patients.
Methods: A prospective cohort of patients with a recent IM and no
evidence of mitral valve disease admitted to a cardiac rehabilitation
between July 2006 and December 2014 was evaluated. Baseline characteristics, risk factors, comorbidities, CHA2DS2Vasc score, exercise
training risk-class and medications were recorded at admission and
new onset AF, heart failure (HF), acute coronary syndrome (ACS),
ischemic stroke and death in the follow-up. Data are presented as
numbers or percentage for discrete variables and as meanSD for continuous variables. Chi-square test, students t-test, uni- and multivariate analyses were used for analyses.
Results: Overall, 319 patients were included in the study: mean age
63 11 years, 79% men. Revascularization procedures were performed in 289 patients: 219 percutaneous technique and 70 surgery.
53%, 37% and 10% of patients presented low, intermediate and high
risk class for exercise training, respectively. The average follow-up was
ABSTRACTS
3.2 2.4 years. Twenty-eight (8.8%) patients had AF in the followup. The following features were more frequent in patients with new
onset AF respect to patients without and confirmed at multivariate
analysis: age 70 years (60.7% vs. 24.4%), CHA2DS2Vasc 3 (85.7%
vs. 15.5%), HF (32.1% vs. 7.9%), history of AF (28.6 vs. 4.8):
P = 0.002, P = 0.039, P = 0.005 and P = 0.009, respectively. Complete revascularization was inversely related to AF onset (50% vs.
76%; P = 0.006).
Conclusion: In patients with recent MI age70 years, CHA2DS2Vasc
3, history of HF and AF are the predictors for new onset AF. A complete revascularization is inversely related to the incidence of AF development.
PO028-TUE
Effects of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists on
the risk of mortality, thrombosis and bleeding in
patients with secondary hyperaldosteronism: a metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials
Elbers L1,2, Sjouke B2, Gerdes VE1,2 and Squizzato A3
1
Department of Internal Medicine, Slotervaart Hospital;
2
University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
3
Research Center on Thromboembolic Disorders and
Antithrombotic Therapies, Department of Clinical and
Experimental Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
Background: Aldosterone seems to influence the haemostatic system
by several mechanisms and by that to increase the risk of thrombosis.
Aims: The objective of this meta-analysis was to assess the impact of
mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) on mortality, venous
and arterial thrombosis and bleeding in patients with hyperaldosteronism due to any cause.
Methods: We systematically searched PubMed and EMBASE through
August 1 2014, without language restriction. We included randomised
controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the effect of MRAs on total
and cardiovascular mortality, thrombotic events and bleeding events
in patients with hyperaldosteronism due to various causes.
Results: Twenty published RCTs with a total of 17572 patients met the
inclusion criteria. Of these RCTs, all reported data on mortality, 15 on
cardiovascular mortality, 14 on thrombotic events and 12 on bleeding
events. On venous thrombosis, too sparse data was available to be
analysed. No heterogeneity was observed among RCTs. Patients treated with MRAs had a decreased risk of total mortality and of cardiovascular mortality compared with controls (odds ratio 0.79; 95%
confidence interval (CI), 0.730.87; and odds ratio 0.77; 95% CI, 0.70
0.85; respectively, P =<0.00001). No difference was observed in the risk
of arterial thrombosis and of bleeding events.
Conclusion: MRAs reduce total and cardiovascular mortality in
patients with secondary hyperaldosteronism without affecting the risk
of myocardial infarction, ischaemic stroke and bleeding. MRAs can be
considered as safe regarding their effects on haemostasis.
519
PO029-TUE
Urinary 11-dehydro-thromboxane B2 is associated
with cardiovascular events and mortality in atrial
fibrillation patients
Pignatelli P1, Pastori D1, Hiatt WR2, Lip G3 and Violi F1
1
Sapienza University Of Rome, Rome; 2University of Colorado
School of Medicine, Aurora, Italy; 3University of Birmingham
Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Birmingham, United States
Minor Outlying Islands
Background: Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation (AF) patients show high
residual cardiovascular risk despite oral anticoagulants. Urinary 11dehydro-thromboxane B2 (TxB2) is associated with an increased risk
of cardiovascular events (CVEs), but its predictive value in anticoagulated AF patients is unknown.
Aims: Aim of this was to assess whether urinary 11-dehydro-TxB2 is a
predictor of CVEs in anticoagulated patients with AF.
Methods: Prospective single-center cohort study, including 864 consecutive AF patients. Mean time of follow-up was 30.0 months yielding
2062 person-years of observation. Urinary 11-dehydro-TxB2 was measured at baseline. The primary end-point was the occurrence of a CVE
including fatal/nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI) and ischemic
stroke, transient ischemic attack, cardiac revascularization and cardiovascular death.
Results: Mean age of patients was 73.1 years, and 43.6% were female.
Median 11-dehydro-TxB2 levels were 100 [IQR 50 187] ng mg1 of
urinary creatinine. Overall, the anticoagulation control was adequate
(63.9% of mean time in therapeutic range). A CVE occurred in 98
(11.3%) patients, 55 were cardiovascular deaths. At baseline, 11-dehydro-TxB2 levels were higher in patients with a CVE compared to those
without (186 [107400] vs. 98 [52170], P < 0.001). An increased rate
of CVEs (P < 0.001) and cardiovascular deaths (P < 0.001) was
observed across tertiles of 11-dehydro-TxB2. On Cox proportional
hazards analysis, third tertile of 11-dehydro-TxB2 (compared to the
first tertile), age 75 years, diabetes, history of stroke/TIA and MI/
coronary heart disease were significant predictors of CVEs.
Conclusion: Urinary 11-dehydro-TxB2 levels predict residual risk of
CVEs and cardiovascular mortality in AF patients on good anticoagulation control.
PO030-TUE
Association between circulating proteins and
corresponding genes expressed in coronary thrombi in
patients with acute myocardial infarction
Helseth R1, Weiss T2, Opstad T1, Solheim S1, Freynhofer M2,
Huber K2, Arnesen H1 and Seljeflot I1
1
Department of Cardiology, Center For Clinical Heart Research,
Oslo University Hospital Ullev
al, Oslo, Norway; 2Department of
Cardiology and Intensive Care, Wilhelminenhospital, Vienna,
Austria
Background: Scientific efforts have previously been made to map
changes in soluble hemostatic and inflammatory mediators during
acute myocardial infarction (AMI). To what extent such soluble mediators reflect coronary thrombi gene environment and time elapsed
from start of symptoms are unclear.
Aims: To explore whether circulating levels of selected cardiovascular
mediators associate with coronary thrombi gene expression and ischemic time.
Methods: In 33 subjects with AMI undergoing revascularisation with
percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), blood samples were collected between 624 h after PCI for determination of circulating levels
of metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases
520
ABSTRACTS
1 (TIMP-1), P-selectin, CD40 ligand (CD40L), tissue plasminogen

activator (t-PA), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), free and
total tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI), fibrin degradation product (D-dimer), prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 (F1 + 2), interleukin 8
(IL-8), interleukin 18 (IL-18), fractalkine, pentraxin 3 (PTX3)
and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1). Coronary thrombus RNAs were assessed by RT-PCR with relative quantification. All
subjects were participants in the Wilhelminenspital Stent Registry
(WSP-STENT) and gave informed consent for study participance.
Results: Soluble P-selectin correlated positively to thrombi P-selectin
gene expression (r = 0.530, P = 0.002). Soluble MCP-1 was higher at
short ( 4.0 h) vs. long (> 4.0 h) ischemic time (242 vs. 167 pg mL1,
P = 0.024). Otherwise, no significant associations were observed.
Conclusion: Circulating mediators related to coronary plaque rupture,
platelet activation, coagulation, fibrinolysis and inflammation were
mainly unrelated to both coronary thrombi gene expression and ischemic time. These observations indicate a highly local milieu within the
site of coronary atherothrombosis, which may be important for selective therapeutic targeting.
PO031-TUE
Vascular smooth muscle cells are responsible for a
prothrombotic phenotype of spontaneously
hypertensive rat arteries
Mohamadi A1, Aissa KA1, Lagrange J1, Louis H1, Houppert B1,
Challande P2, Wahl D1, Lacolley P1 and Regnault V1
1
DCAC, U1116, Vandoeuvre-l
es-nancy; 2UPMC, UMR 7190,
Paris, France
Background: The hypothesis that hypertension induces a hypercoagulable state arises from the complications associated with hypertension:
stroke and myocardial infarction.
Aims: We determined whether spontaneous hypertension plays a role
in the thrombin generating capacity of the vascular wall in vitro and
modifies the thrombotic risk in vivo.
Methods: Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were compared with
Wistar rats. Thrombin generation was monitored using calibrated
automated thrombography in a rat pool plasma in which aortic rings
had been added. The effect of an antihypertensive drug was tested.
Thrombosis was triggered by ferric chloride (FeCl3) application to the
carotid artery.
Results: The addition of thoracic aortic rings of SHR to a Wistar or
SHR plasma pool resulted in a greater increase in thrombin generation
compared to equivalent rings from Wistar. This increase occurred in
12 but not 5 week-old rats and was prevented by an angiotensin IIconverting enzyme inhibitor, indicating that established hypertension
is required to induce increased thrombin generation within the vessel
wall. In cell culture, thrombin formation was higher on aortic smooth
muscle cells (SMCs) from SHR than on those from Wistar whereas no
difference was observed for endothelial cells. Exposure of negativelycharged phospholipids was higher on SHR than on Wistar rings as
well as on cultured SMCs. SHR SMCs were more sensitive to thrombin-induced proliferation than Wistar SMCs. This effect was totally
abolished by a protease-activated receptor 1 inhibitor. In vivo,
12 week-old SHR exhibited accelerated FeCl3-induced thrombus formation in carotid arteries and the resulting occlusive thrombi were disaggregated by blockade of glycoprotein Iba-von Willebrand factor
interactions.
Conclusion: The prothrombotic and proliferative phenotype of the
SHR vessel wall was due to the ability of SMCs to support greater
thrombin generation and to proliferate via PAR-1-dependent thrombin signaling.
PO032-TUE
Platelet ERK5 regulates thrombosis and myocardial
infarct extension via matrix metalloproteinases
Cameron SJ, Ture SK, Modjeski KL, Mickelsen D, Chakrabarti E,
Field DJ, Abe J-I and Morrell CN
Medicine/Cardiology, University Of Rochster, Rochester, USA
Background: Dysregulated platelet activation in an ischemic microvascular environment may play a role in myocardial infarction (MI). We
discovered that ERK5, a nuclear protein which is reactive oxygen species (ROS)-activated in others cells, is abundantly present in platelets.
Aims: We investigated whether ERK5 could regulate platelet activation in isolated platelets in vitro, and using three in vivo models of
thrombosis.
Methods: Human and mouse platelets were stimulated with surface agonists or ROS (H2O2 or 5% O2). ERK5 activity was assessed by
immunoblotting. Platelet activation was assessed via fluorescent-activated cell sorting (FACS) for P-selectin or activated GPIIb/IIIa. Intravascular thrombus (pulmonary embolus) or mesenteric thrombus
(oxidative injury) formation was assessed by ex vivo fluorescent imaging and in vivo intravital microscopy, respectively. MI was performed
in wild-type (WT) and in platelet specific ERK5 deficient (ERK5-/-)
mice by LAD coronary artery ligation. Left ventricular (LV) function
was determined by echocardiography. Matrix metalloproteinase
(MMP) activity was determined by in-gel zymography
Results: Human and platelet ERK5 was activated by ROS. Murine
in vivo thrombosis was regulated by platelet ERK5 only if the injury
involved oxidative stress. MI in mice promoted sustained platelet activation over one week in an ERK5-dependent manner. Following MI,
platelet ERK5-/- mice had similar bleeding times but less reactive platelets, less platelet MMP activity, decreased thromboxane production,
attenuated MMP activity in the LV, less remodeling with smaller
infarcts, and enhanced myocardial systolic performance.
Conclusion: ERK5 is an ischemic sensor in platelets which regulates
ongoing platelet activation after MI as well as myocardial tissue
remodeling. These observations may explain ischemic microvascular
aberrations like the no-reflow phenomenon following percutaneous
coronary intervention, suggesting a novel pharmacologic target which
avoids bleeding complications.
PO033-TUE
Elevated arterial stiffness and thrombin generation in
patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing
hemodialysis
Tran L1, Serrato T2, Bezie Y1, Marchais S2, Lacolley P3, Pannier B2
and Regnault V3
1
Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint Joseph, Service de Pharmacie,
es, Service dh
emodialyse, Fleury
Paris; 2Centre Hospitalier Manh
M
erogis; 3DCAC, UMR_S1116, Vandoeuvre-l
es-nancy, France
Background: Cardiovascular diseases, including increased arterial stiffness, are the main cause of mortality in end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
Anti-platelet drugs are used to reduce platelet-vessel wall interactions
and subsequent thrombin generation and fibrin clot formation.
Aims: To test whether increased arterial stiffness may contribute to a
hypercoagulable state in ESRD.
Methods: Fifty five ESRD patients were explored before dialysis and
compared to 10 controls. Arterial stiffness was measured with high
precision echotracking devices. Platelet aggregation was monitored by
turbidimetry and thrombin generation (TG) by calibrated automated
thrombography.
Results: Among the 55 patients (mean age: 71 13 years; blood pressure: 141 22/73 12 mmHg), 29 received anti-platelet drugs.
ABSTRACTS
Aortic PWV is high (12.0 3.1 m s1) by comparison with recently
published reference values. Platelet aggregation was reduced in
patients receiving anti-platelet drugs. TG without activated protein C
(APC) was not different between patients and controls. In platelet rich
plasma, TG was less sensitive to APC in patients without anti-platelet
drugs. By contrast, no difference was found in platelet-poor plasma or
in patients with anti-platelet drugs compared to controls. TG was positively correlated with carotid stiffness. Endothelial microvesicles
(MVs), plasma von Willebrand factor and tissue factor pathway inhibitor were positively correlated with aortic stiffness as well as tissue factor-positive platelet or endothelial MVs. Anti-platelet therapy did not
influence endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness.
Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that ESRD increases arterial stiffness and procoagulant factors and decreases endothelium function
and the APC pathway. They suggest that arterial stiffness may play a
causal role in the pro-thrombotic phenotype. In ESRD, arterial stiffness and endothelial function are insensitive to anti-platelet treatment,
in contrast to APC downregulation of TG.
PO034-TUE
Thrombogenic state after vascular surgery and
perioperative cardiovascular events
Calderaro D1, Rocha TRF2, Pastana AF1, Justo FA1,
Gualandro DM1, Yu PC1, Matheus MG1, DAmico E2 and
Caramelli B1
1
Interdisciplinary Medicine in Cardiology Unit, Heart Institute
University of S~ao Paulo Medical School; 2Coagulation
Laboratory, Clinics Hospital University of S~
ao Paulo Medical
School, S~ao Paulo, Brazil
Background: Cardiovascular events (CVE) are the most limiting prognostic factor after vascular surgery. The underlying mechanism is
thrombosis in patients with high atherosclerotic burden.
Aims: To identify baseline coagulation markers related to CVE and to
analyze the behavior of those markers after surgery.
Methods: Thrombin generation, assessed as endogenous thrombin
potential (ETP) and ETP ratio (withto-without thrombomodulin),
and platelet aggregation in response to arachidonic acid (Aggr) were
evaluated before and after surgery, for 183 patients under aspirin use.
Patients were monitored for CVE detection:acute coronary syndromes, isolated troponin elevation, stroke, reoperation due to thrombosis and cardiac death. Our ethics committee approved the study and
patients provided informed consent.
Results: The only baseline coagulation marker independently related
to CVE was Aggr, so that patients in the 4th quartile had a 2.42 fold
increased risk (P = 0.034). After exclusion of patients without postoperative test and 53 who received hemoderivatives, we analyzed the
behavior of ETP, ETP-ratio and Aggr for 110 patients. There was a
marked increase in ETP: 648 NM*min 457 9 887 494; P < 0.001,
ETP-ratio 0.43 0.25 9 0.61 0.28; P < 0.001, and a significant
decrease in Aggr: 5.34 5.69 9 3.38 5.30 O (P < 0.001) and in
platelet count*1000:229 76 X 194 73; P < 0.001. We calculated
the individual variable differences () after and before surgery, and
then we compared those means between patients with and without
CVE. There was no difference in ETP (P = 0.87), ETP-ratio
(P = 0.61) or platelet count (P = 0.57), but patients with CVE had a
greater Aggr (4.27 X 1.37; P = 0.04).
Conclusion: There is a pro-thrombotic state triggered by the surgical
stress. The apparent contradiction of increase in thrombin generation
and decrease in Aggr suggests platelet consumption, which is greater
when CVE occurs. Aspirin responsiveness before surgery is more
important than net thrombin generation for the occurrence of perioperative CVE.
521
PO035-TUE
Clinical features of vascular events in patients with al
amyloidosis
Park H1, Kim J-W1, Koh Y1, Lee J-O2, Kim KH3, Bang S-M2,
Kim I1, Lee J4, Yoon S-S1, Seo J-W5, Sohn D-W1 and Park S1
1
Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University
Hospital, Seoul; 2Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul
National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam; 3Department
of Internal Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul;
4
Department of Internal Medicine, Daegu Fatima Hospital,
Daegu; 5Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
Background: AL amyloidosis can cause various vascular events, which
are related to vascular amyloid deposition or thromboembolism.
Despite their clinical importance, only few reports have been published
on the manifestations of vascular events in these patients
Aims: We aimed to identify the incidence of vascular events in patients
with amyloidosis and find out the characteristics of patients who experience the vascular events.
Methods: We retrospective reviewed medical records of patients
including various imaging study results such as angiography, Doppler
sonography, and magnetic resonance imaging to find out clinically significant vascular stenosis and thromboembolism.
Results: Between January 2001 and September 2013, 86 patients (male/
female=50/36) with biopsy-proven AL amyloidosis were included from
3 hospitals. The median age was 58 years (range, 2481). Between the
onset of the 1st clinical presentation of amyloidosis and the time of
pathologic diagnosis, 5 patients (5.8%) experienced 5 events of vascular stenosis. During a median follow-up of 19.6 months (range, 0.2
87.3), 20 events of vascular stenosis developed in 16 patients (23.3%)
and 6 events of thromboembolism in 6 patients (7.0%). Overall, after
the 1st clinical presentation of amyloidosis, 24 patients (27.9%) experienced vascular events: 17 patients (19.8%) experienced 18 events of
vascular stenosis including cerebrovascular disease (15), coronary
artery disease (3), and 6 patients (7.0%) experienced 6 events of thromboembolism. The number of patients who had both vascular stenosis
and thromboembolism was 3 (3.4%). Patients with renal involvement
suffered significantly more from vascular events than the other ones
(39.5% vs. 16.3% P = 0.028). The median overall survival (OS) from
pathologic diagnosis was 31.0 months (95% CI, 7.754.3). The 1 yr
OS after the onset of vascular event was 55%.
Conclusion: The incidence of vascular events was substantial in
patients with AL amyloidosis, especially in patients with renal involvement of amyloidosis.
Atherosclerosis II
PO036-TUE
Simultaneous observation of peripheral mononuclear
cell and plasma TFs expression for prevention and
treatment of ischemic cardiocerebrovascular diseases
Wang R1 and Ma TY2
1
Cardiovascular Department, Yangpu District Central Hospital
Affiliated To Tongji University School Of Medicine, Shanghai;
2
Cardiovascular Department, Institute for Heart Disease Research
of the first affiliated hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,
Urumqi 830054, China, Urumqi, China
Background: The role of cell-derived TF in the formation of pathologic
thrombosis has aroused increasing attention. Mononuclear cells (Mo)
are blood cells that were earliest found to express TF, and the only
generally accepted blood cells that can intrinsically synthesize TF.
Whether measurement of MoTFmRNA change alone can determine
522
ABSTRACTS
the up-regulation of TF expression remains unclear. In this study, we

will demonstrat it.
Aims: Simultaneously observe the expression of mononuclear cells
(Mo) and plasma tissue factor (TF) in patients with ischemic cardiocerebrovascular diseases to explore their clinical implications.
Methods: To compared with those of 61 healthy controls, MoTFmRNA and plasma TF antigen (TFAg) were measured dynamically
by RT-PCR and ELISA in 76 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and 46 patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS).
Results: Compared with the control group, MoTFmRNA and plasma
TF increased simultaneously during the acute stage in other groups.
especially in AIS group, showing a good correlation between them
(P < 0.01). At 3 weeks after onset, both of them were still significantly
higher than in control group (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05). At 3 months
after onset, MoTFmRNA began declining in AMI and AIS groups,
though they were still significantly higher than control group
(P < 0.05). In AIS group, MoTFmRNA level at 3 months after onset
was significantly lower than at the acute onset stage (P < 0.05), while
plasma TF in AMI and AIS groups decreased significantly to a level
that was not significantly different with control group (P > 0.05),
though it was still significant different from that during acute onset
stage (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: Dynamic monitoring of MoTFmRNA and plasma TF at
different time points after acute onset has important clinical implications in the prevention and treatment of arterial thrombotic diseases.
PO037-TUE
Total chemical synthesis of covalent Rantes-PF4
heterodimers to study initiation and progression of
atherosclerosis
Agten S1, Suylen D1, Ippel H1, Mayo K2, Koenen R1, Weber C1,3
and Hackeng T1
1
Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht,
Maastricht, The Netherlands; 2Biochemistry, Molecular Biology
and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA;
3
r Prophylaxe und Epidemiologie der
Institut fu
nchen,
Kreislaufkrankheiten, Ludwig Maximilians Universit
at Mu
nchen, Germany
Mu
Background: Atherosclerosis is caused by chronic inflammation of the
arterial wall through recruitment of mononuclear cells, a process that
is exacerbated by platelet-dependent deposition of chemokines RANTES and Platelet Factor 4 (PF4) on the inflamed endothelium. It was
found that non-covalent heterodimer formation of RANTES and PF4
promotes monocyte recruitment to the vascular wall and might provide a clinical target for prevention of atherosclerosis and arterial
thrombosis.
Aims: To study RANTES-PF4 heterodimer dependent monocyteendothelium bridging, synthetic access to- and biologic characterization of- covalently linked RANTES-PF4 heterodimers is needed.
Methods: The site of coupling of the two proteins was based on molecular dynamics and NMR structural analysis that showed interactions
in the N-termini of the free chemokines. However, as RANTES interacts with its receptor via the N-terminal amino acids it was hypothesized that a coupling of the two N-terminal amino acids would not
lead to an active dimer. Positions for covalent linkage of the two proteins were postulated that do not affect chemokine function. Both PF4
and RANTES were synthesized in three parts by tBoc solid phase peptide synthesis and ligated using native chemical ligation. Heterodimers
were tested in an endothelial monocyte arrest assay under flow.
Results: The functionalized proteins were folded and subsequently
ligated using an oxime bond to result in the RANTES-PF4 heterodimer. Both a dimer with expected biological activity and an inactive
control were synthesized. Surfaces treated with the covalent heterodi-
mer show a significant increase in monocyte arrest as compared to

non-covalent heterodimer. Currently murine heterodimers are tested
in an in vivo mouse model to confirm the exacerbation of atherosclerosis by RANTES-PF4 heterodimer.
Conclusion: Covalent RANTES-PF4 heterodimers were synthesized
and were shown to increase endothelial monocyte arrest compared to
non-covalent heterodimers.
PO038-TUE
Endothelial deletion of thioredoxin-interacting protein
preserves mouse arteries from aging induced by
metabolic disorders
Bedarida T1, Dreano E1, Vibert F2, Cottart C-H3, BachelotLoza C1, Gaussem P4, Baron S5 and Nivet-Antoine V6
1
UMRS 1140 Faculty of Pharmacy Paris Descartes University;
2
UMRS 1139 Faculty of Pharmacy Paris Descartes University;
3
clinical Biochemistry Department Necker Hospital; 4UMRS 1140
Faculty of Pharmacy Paris Descartes University, Hematology
Department Georges Pompidou European Hospital; 5physiologie
Department Georges Pompidou European Hospital; 6UMRS 1140
Faculty of Pharmacy Paris Descartes University, Clinical
Biochemistry Department Georges Pompidou European Hospital,
Paris, France
Background: Recent studies have implicated the thioredoxin (TRX)
system and its endogenous inhibitor, TRX-interacting protein
(TXNIP), in endothelial homeostasis and in a decrease of aortic distensibility leading to cardiovascular disorders in aging, mostly due to
loss of antioxidant systems. We postulated that endothelial TXNIP
deletion might provide protection from arterial aging induced by metabolic stress, redox imbalance, inflammation, and prothrombotic state.
Aims: To investigate the effects of endothelial TXNIP deletion on arterial damage related to aging induced by metabolic disorders.
Methods: We generated endothelial TXNIP knock-out (EC-TXNIP
KO) mice on the Cdh5-cre background and subjected them to a
3 month high protein-low carbohydrate (HP-LC) diet, known to
induce metabolic disorders and vascular damage mimicking accelerated aging. The impact of EC-TXNIP deletion was evaluated with
regard to glucose tolerance, lipemic parameters and cardiovascular
status using Doppler echography, by comparison with wildtype and
KO mice fed a HP-LC diet. Oxidative stress and aortic inflammation
were evaluated by immunocytochemistry labeling, dihydroethidium
staining, PAI-1 antigen level and RT-PCR. Platelet activation was
measured by flow cytometry.
Results: Compared with littermate controls, EC-TXNIP KO mice were
less subject to endothelial dysfunction due to metabolic stress. This
protective effect was associated with diminished endothelial NADPH
oxidase expression and reduced aortic superoxide levels. A decrease of
endothelial IL-1b expression in the aorta and a lower PAI-1 secretion
was observed showing a reduced pro-inflammatory state induced by
metabolic stress in EC-TXNIP KO mice. The EC-TXNIP KO mice
were also protected from platelet hyperactivation, distensibility
impairment and heart failure due to metabolic stress.
Conclusion: These findings demonstrate the key role of TXNIP in cardiovascular impairments induced by metabolic stress, making TXNIP
a potential therapeutic target.
ABSTRACTS
PO039-TUE
High lipoprotein (A) levels are associated with
coronary calcium score in the montignoso study
population
Sereni A1, Gori AM1, Marcucci R1, Giusti B1, Sofi F1,
Chiappino D2, Latta DD2, Abbate R1 and Gensini GF1
1
Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Of Florence,
Florence; 2G.Monasterio foundation, Regione Toscana CNR, Pisa,
Italy
Background: Different studies showed a causal role of lipoprotein (a)
[Lp(a)] in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases.
Aims: Aim of this study was to evaluate the association between Lp(a)
levels and coronary artery calcium score (CACS) in the prospective
general population study Montignoso Study.
In 298 subjects (M 224/F 74 median age 69) we studied CACS Agatston score (CACSAg) Agatston score, Calcium Volume Score (CVS)
and Lp(a) levels.
Methods: We used an isoform-insensitive immunoreactivity to apo(a)
method (Randox). High Lp(a) levels were defined values
500 mg L1.
Results: Subjects with CACSAg>100 (n = 149) had significantly higher
Lp(a) levels than subjects with CACSA 100(n = 149) [124.0 (63.0
384.0) vs 101.0 (55.0183.5) mg L1, P = 0.015]. Similarly, Lp(a) levels
in subjects with CVS>100 were significantly higher than in subjects
with CVS 100 [124.0 (61.5382.5) vs 97.0 (56.1185.3) mg L1,
P = 0.023].
A higher percentage of subjects with Lp(a)>500 mg L1 was observed
in CACSAg>100 than in CACSAg 100 subjects (20.8% vs 8.7%,
P = 0.003).
At regression logistic analysis adjusted for age, sex, cardiovascular risk
factors Lp(a) levels 500 mg L1 were significantly associated with
CACSAg>100 [OR=2.56 (95% IC 1.255.28), P = 0.011]. Similarly,
the logistic regression analysis showed that Lp(a) levels 500 mg L1
were significant predictors of CVS>100 [OR=2.50 (95% IC 1.225.16),
P = 0.013].
Conclusion: Our results showed a significant association between high
levels of Lp(a) and CACS, suggesting a significant role of Lp(a) in atherosclerosis.
PO040-TUE
Association of gamma-glutamyl transferase to the
premature coronary artery disease in young Asian
Indians
Ghatge M, Sharma A and Vangala RK
Bangalore, India
Background: Accumulating evidence from epidemiological studies suggests that higher gamma Glutamyl Transferase (GGT) level in blood is
associated with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) including atherosclerosis and has prognostic importance. However, the association
of GGT levels to the premature coronary artery disease in Asian
Indian population has not been evaluated.
Aims: To evaluate risk prediction value of GGT in premature CAD
subjects.
Methods: In this present study, 240 (120 unaffected and 120 affected)
out of 2318 subjects of phase-I, from Indian Atherosclerosis Research
Study (IARS) were selected. Markers assayed were GGT, hsCRP, lipids, sPLA2, neopterin, myeloperoxidase, IL6, Cystatin-C and lp(a).
Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS-ver17 software.
523
Results: The plasma GGT levels in these subjects showed positive correlation with continuous variables such as waist circumference, triglycerides, Neopterin levels and cross sectional correlation with binary
variable smoking but not with alcohol habit. Our findings suggests
that the GGT alone had an odds ratio (OR) of 1.909 (95%CI-1.036
3.517; P = 0.038) for the third tertile which improved to 2.104, (95%
CI-1.0634.165; P = 0.033) after adjusting to conventional risk factors
(CRF). The logistic regression analysis showed that GGT alone had a
odds ratio of 4.94 (95%CI 1.01524.095; P = 0.048) which improved
to 5.636 (95%CI 1.00431.642; P = 0.049) and 7.492 (95%CI 1.221
45.979; P = 0.030) after addition of lp(a) and adjustment with CRFs
respectively. The C-statistic analysis showed an significant (De-Long
P < 0.001) improvement of AUC from 0.647 (P < 0.001) for CRFs
alone to 0.711 (P < 0.001) for final GGT plus lp(a) model.
Conclusion: In summary, the elevated plasma GGT levels potentially
indicate increased oxidative stress and risk of developing premature
CAD. Hence these findings could be potentially used in the risk stratification of premature CAD after further evaluation.
PO041-TUE
Coronary artery disease severity is a marker of the antiinflammatory response to statin therapy
Rafeedheen R, Bliden K, Singla A, Gesheff M, Pandya S, Gosain R,
Tantry U and Gurbel PA
Baltimore, Baltimore, USA
Background: Statins are an essential therapy in the management of
coronary artery disease (CAD). Based on the 2013 cholesterol guidelines, all patients with CAD should be on statins. There is also a growing concern that the new guidelines would lead to statin overuse.
Aims: To evaluate the relation of detailed lipid profile and coronary
artery disease severity and inflammation during statin therapy
Methods: In the Multi-Analyte, Thrombogenic, and Genetic Markers
of Atherosclerosis study, we enrolled patients (n = 585) with suspected
CAD undergoing elective coronary angiograms. CAD severity was
categorized angiographically as none-minor CAD (<20% diameter stenosis), non-significant CAD (20%>75%), and significant CAD
(>75%) of any major coronary vessel. Blood and urine samples were
obtained immediately prior to cardiac catheterization. Detailed lipid
profiling was performed using VAP cholesterol test, urinary 11-dehydrothromboxane B2 (dTxB2) was tested using AspirinworksTM, and
AtherOx testing was done using immunoassay.
Results: Nineteen percent patients had minor CAD, 19% had non-significant CAD and 62% had significant CAD. Overall, 24% patients
with CAD were not on statin therapy. 50% of patients with noneminor CAD were on statin therapy. Statin therapy was associated with
lower total cholesterol, total LDL, LDL1, LDL2, LDL3, Ox-LDL,
total VLDL, Apo B100/A1 ratio (P 0.04). Statin therapy was associated with an anti-inflammatory effect only in patients with significant
CAD. Irrespective of statin therapy, only total HDL was lower in
patients with significant CAD (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: Although statin therapy improves the lipid profile irrespective of CAD severity it appears to decrease inflammation primarily in
patients with significant CAD. These data support the recent guidelines for statin treatment according to patient risk. Urinary dTxB2
may be a novel tool to enhance identification of patients for statin
therapy.
524
ABSTRACTS
PO042-TUE
Effects of 12 months exercise intervention on adipose
tissue expression of chemokines in patients with type
2 diabetes and stable coronary artery disease: a
substudy of a randomized controlled trial (RCT)
Njerve IU1,2, Byrkjeland R2, Arnesen H2,
Akra S2, Solheim S2 and
Seljeflot I2
1
Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo; 2Department of
Cardiology, Center For Clinical Heart Research, Oslo University
Hospital Ullevaal, Oslo, Norway
Background: Low grade chronic inflammation plays a role in atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and the inflammatory activity in
adipose tissue is considered important.
Aims: We aimed to investigate if 12 months regular exercise in patients
with both T2DM and coronary artery disease (CAD) reduces the
genetic expression of the proinflammatory markers fractalkine
(CX3CL1), its receptor (CX3CR1) and MCP-1 in subcutaneous adipose tissue. Circulating levels of fractalkine and MCP-1 were also
investigated.
Methods: Patients were included in a RCT investigating the effects of
exercise on atherosclerosis progression and glucose control in patients
with CAD and T2DM. The Regional Ethics Committee approved the
study and patients gave written informed consent to participate.
Patients were randomized 1:1 to exercise training (combined aerobic
and strenght training) or control. At inclusion and after 12 months,
fasting venous blood samples and a subcutaneous adipose tissue sample were taken. Circulating fractalkine and MCP-1 were determined
by ELISA. RNA was extracted from the adipose tissue, and fractalkine, CX3CR1 and MCP-1 expression examined by RT-PCR.
Results: Analyses were performed in 114 patients who completed the
study and adhered to the intervention. No between group differences
in gene expression levels of the markers in adipose tissue were found at
both time points, and also no between group differences in changes
from baseline. Circulating fractalkine increased from (median (IQR))
431(348556) pg mL1 to 445(345577) pg mL1 after 12 months in
the exercise group (P = 0.044), significantly more compared to controls, P = 0.042. MCP-1 was not significantly changed in either group.
Conclusion: No significant reductions in subcutaneous adipose tissue
expression or circulating levels of the selected markers after 12 months
regular exercise training in patients with both CAD and T2DM were
demonstrated. This might reflect the selection of biomarkers, the intensity of the intervention or the severity of CAD and T2DM.
PO043-TUE
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular mortality in gouty
arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis: is it associated with
mean platelet volume and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio
Pamuk G1, Maden M1, Uyanik MS1 and Pamuk ON2
1
Hematology; 2Rheumatology, Trakya University Medical
Faculty, Edirne, Turkey
Background: Mean platelet volume (MPV) was reported to be a biomarker for platelet activation; neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR)
might also be related to development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular
mortality (ACVM).
Aims: We evaluated MPV and NLR in gouty arthritis (GA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. We also analyzed their relationship
between ACVM.
Methods: 122 GA (96 M, 26 F, mean age: 64.6), 82 RA (40 M, 42 F,
mean age: 62.1) patients and 61 healthy controls (34 M, 27 F, mean
age: 64.3) were included. The clinical and laboratory data were
obtained from medical charts. ESR, CRP, MPV and NLR were
recorded at the time of diagnosis and after one month of therapy.

Duration of follow-up and atherosclerotic events were recorded from
medical records.
Results: MPV in GA (8.5 1.5) and RA (7.98 0.1) groups were significantly lower than in healthy controls (9.8 1.5) (P < 0.001). NLR
in healthy controls (1.9 0.7) was significantly lower than in GA
(3.7 2.3) and RA (3.7 2.5) groups (P < 0.001). After treatment,
MPV decreased significantly in GA and RA groups (P < 0.001). NLR
also decreased in GA and RA patients (P < 0.001). 9 patients with GA
and 12 patients with RA died from ACV complications during followup. GA patients with ACVM were older and had more frequent hypertension, higher MPV (P < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, MPV was an
independent poor prognostic factor for ACVM (OR: 50, 95%CI:
1.01642, P = 0.05). RA patients with ACVM were more frequently
males, older, had higher platelet count and hypertension. NLR and
uric acid levels were significantly higher in ACVM group (P 0.01).
Multivariate analysis in RA group revealed that male sex (OR:66.9,
95% CI:1.03432, P = 0.04) and NLR (OR: 1.9, 95%CI: 1.23,
P = 0.01) were independent factors for ACVM.
Conclusion: MPV and NLR decreased after treatment all GA and RA
groups. MPV was a poor prognostic biomarker for ACVM in both
univariate and multivariate analysis in GA. NLR was an independent
prognostic factor for ACVM in RA patients.
Blood coagulation tests II

PO044-TUE
Evaluation of the laboratory method in pregnant
women with complicated obstetric history for
haemostasis monitoring
Vorobyeva N and Pavlovskaia Y
Background: The problem of habitual miscarriage is one of the most
difficult medical and social problems.
Aims: The aim of the study was to evaluate the possibility of using the
method of the spatial growth dynamics of fibrin clot (Thrombodynamics) in pregnant women with complicated obstetric history (COH).
Methods: The study involved 21 pregnant women with COH. The
group 1 consisted of women who were at 1320 weeks of gestation,
group 22127 weeks. On the Registrar of Thrombodynamics T-2
was determined to delay the growth of the fibrin clot Tlag (reference
values of 0.81.5 min), the clot growth velocity V (20.530 lm min1).
Tests APTT and D-dimer (as reference values was used standards for
reagents Stago) were made on coagulometer Sta Compact (Roche).
The median (Me) and 1 and 3 quartiles (Q1-Q3) were used to describe
the quantitative data.
Results: The age of women in group 1 was 32.5 years (3135), in group
230 years (2835). Parameters of Thrombodynamics, APTT and Ddimer were within the reference values against the backdrop of ongoing antithrombotic therapy. The level of D-dimer was significantly
higher (P < 0.001) in group 2. In group 1 and 2 V was 25 (23.726.3),
27.1 (24.629.6); Tlag 1 (0.81.2), 1.1 (0.91.7); APTT 34 (2938),
34 (3338); D-dimer 0.49 (0.40.93), 0.97 (0.651.33), respectively.
Conclusion: Test Thrombodynamics along with D-dimer can be used
for monitoring of hemostasis in pregnant women with COH
ABSTRACTS
PO045-TUE
Effects of low and high levels of non VKA oral
anticoagulants on a comprehensive panel of routine
and specialty coagulation tests
Perroche S1, Barat N1, Depasse F2, Nicham F1, Magdelaine A1,
Courtois D3, Herve T4 and Beltran J1
1
R&D, Stago, Gennevilliers; 2Clinical Development; 3Marketing;
4
Pharmaceutical Development, Stago, Asni
eres, France
Background: Non VKA oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are known to
have various effects on hemostasis assays depending on the test principle and on the reagent used.
Aims: The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of different levels
of dabigatran, rivaroxaban and apixaban on a wide range of routine
and specialty tests.
Methods: Pooled normal plasma was spiked with dabigatran, rivaroxaban or apixaban at concentration ranging from 0500 or 0
800 ng mL1. Samples were immediately frozen at 70C.
Stago routine tests (PT, Owren PT, aPTT, Thrombin Time (TT),
Clauss Fibrinogen) and specialized assays including endogenous and
exogenous factors assays, thrombophilia (PC, PS, APCr, anti-IIa
based AT assay, lupus anticoagulant (LA) testing), fibrinolysis markers (D-dimer, FM, FDP) were performed on the STA-R Evolution
analyzer.
Results: At 30 ng mL1, rivaroxaban and apixaban show no significant effect on all tests. In contrast, the effect of dabigatran is clearly
demonstrated on TT, PS activity and APCr, while aPTT tests are moderately affected.
At 250 ng mL1, apixaban shows a moderate effect (only factor V,
VIII, IX, XI, XII and APCr are affected). On the opposite, rivaroxaban impacts all the tests except Fibrinogen, TT and AT. At
200 ng mL1, dabigatran strongly affects aPTT, TT, thrombophilia
and endogenous factor assays.
No significant effect is observed on the Clauss Fibrinogen, Owren PT
tests and fibrinolysis assays from any drug spiking.
In addition, there is no false positive with the three NOACs at
30 ng mL1 when using LA confirmatory tests, even though some of
the screening tests are affected. At higher concentrations, the only
NOAC tested inducing false positive results was rivaroxaban when the
DRVV screening and confirmatory tests were used.
Conclusion: While prolonged routine tests (PT, aPTT, TT) may alert
on the presence of a NOAC, interferences of NOACs on specialty tests
should be well determined during the assay selection and validation
process in order to interpret results in the most accurate fashion.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Perroche Employee of: Stago, N. Barat
Employee of: Stago, F. Depasse Employee of: Stago, F. Nicham
Employee of: Stago, A. Magdelaine Employee of: Stago, D. Courtois
Employee of: Stago, T. Herve Employee of: Stago, J. Beltran
Employee of: Stago.
PO046-TUE
FVIII sensitive automated thrombin generation test of
canine plasma
Madsen DE1, Nichols TC2, Waters E3, Holm PK3, Merricks EP2,
Wolberg AS2 and Wiinberg B4
1
Translational Haemophilia Pharmacology, Novo Nordisk,
Copenhagen, Denmark; 2Department of Pathology and
Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill,
USA; 3Haemophilia Biology Assays; 4Translational Haemophilia
Pharmacology, Novo Nordisk A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark
Background: The calibrated automated thrombogram (CAT) assay is a
highly valuable tool for testing the effectiveness of anti-haemophiliac
drugs (AHD) in vitro and ex vivo in humans. Canine models of haemo 2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997
525
philia are important for pre-clinical testing of AHDs, but commercially-available human CAT assays are not sensitive to factor VIII
(FVIII) activity in canine plasma. Consequently the available methods
do not reflect the FVIII activity or the clinical phenotype, and are not
able to predict the effect of AHD in canine haemophilia A (HA).
Aims: To develop a CAT method that is highly sensitive to FVIII
activity in canine plasma.
Methods: Thrombin generation was initiated by co-dispensing activated partial thromboplastin test reagent, Ca++ and a thrombin-sensitive substrate into canine plasma samples, and measured utilizing an
automated fluorescence reader. A canine HA plasma pool was spiked
with normal canine plasma, or recombinant canine- or human FVIII
ranging from 0.0011 IU mL1 FVIII activity (final). Precision of the
method was determined using a normal canine plasma pool.
Results: At baseline, no, or extremely low, thrombin generation was
observed in canine HA plasma. Dose-dependent thrombin generation
was observed in canine HA plasma spiked with 0.0011 IU mL1
canine FVIII. As little as 0.001 IU mL1 canine FVIII activity, produced significantly increased thrombin generation parameters in HA
plasma. Intra- and inter-assay precision analysis of four CAT parameters revealed coefficients of variation spanning 25% (nested analyses).
Conclusion: We have established the first canine optimized CAT assay
that, in contrast to commercial available assays, is sensitive to canine
FVIII activity. The method is sensitive to very low levels of FVIII, and
will potentially be a valuable tool for monitoring treatment of HA
dogs with FVIII replacement therapy, bypassing agents, or gene therapy.
Disclosure of Interest: D. E. Madsen Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S,
Denmark, T. Nichols: None Declared, E. Waters Employee of: Novo
Nordisk A/S, Denmark, P. Holm Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S,
Denmark, E. Merricks: None Declared, A. Wolberg: None Declared,
B. Wiinberg Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S, Denmark.
PO047-TUE
Different centrifugation conditions do not interfere
with D-dimer results
Aguilar C1 and Savigny S2
1
Haematology, Hospital General Santa Barbara. Soria Spain, Soria,
Spain; 2Diagnostica Stago, Asnieres sur seine, France
Background: Preanalytics including centrifugation is crucial for coagulation testing. Important is the achievement of platelet-poor plasma
(CLSI H21-5 guideline). However, no specific instruction is provided:
centrifugal speed/duration must be established by the laboratory; most
common conditions are 1500 g for no less than 15 min. These conditions can translate into unacceptable turnaround time (TAT) in emergency setting. However it is elsewhere reported that D-dimer (DD)
(semiquantitative latex agglutination test) levels are not affected by
centrifugation conditions or platelet contamination.
Aims: To validate higher speed/shorter centrifugation conditions for
DD testing using a DD assay validated for exclusion of venous thromboembolism (VTE).
Methods: Blood (9 volumes) collected in a standard of care in 2 different 2.7 mL 0.109 M trisodium citrate (1 volume) tubes (Vacutainer,
Becton-Dickinson, Plymouth, United Kingdom) from 50 patients.
Centrifugation at room temperature (ROTINA 380 centrifuge, Hettich, Tuttlingen, Germany) within 1 h under 2 different conditions
before DD testing using STA-Liatest D-Di on STA-R analyzer
(Stago, Asnieres sur Seine, France): (i) 15 min., 2500 g (package insert
recommendation) and alternatively (ii) 5 min., 2026 g.
Results: To significant differences in overall DD results between the 2
different centrifugation conditions.
Mean DD values similar in both arms (1.15 vs. 1.14 mg mL1).
526
ABSTRACTS
Concordance of results for VTE exclusion (validated cut-off:

0.5 lg mL1) in all samples irrespective of centrifugation conditions,
except for 2 samples: 0.59/0.45 and 0.50/0.45 mg mL1 respectively.
Conclusion: Alternative centrifugation conditions have no clinically
significant impact on DD level. Discrepancies observed for DD values
close to cut-off are likely related to assay expected reproducibility
according to CLSI guideline H59-A.
Alternative centrifugation conditions allow faster TAT that can
improve patients management in emergency care.
Disclosure of Interest: C. Aguilar Speaker Bureau of: Speaker honoraria from Diagnostica Stago, S. Savigny Employee of: Diagnostica
Stago
PO048-TUE
Thrombin generation in the normal population
flattened thrombin generation curves associated with
poor lipid profile and male sex
Ho P1, Smith C2, Rigano J2 and Donnan G3
1
3
Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University
of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
Background: Thrombosis and cardiovascular disease are major causes
of morbidity and mortality. Unfortunately, there remains no laboratory tests to evaluate this risk. Global coagulation assays such as calibrated automated thrombogram (CAT) maybe a better surrogate
measure. However, it is important to first understand the impact of
these assays in the normal population, particularly the impact of age
and sex.
Aims: Determine thrombin generation parameters in normal controls.
Methods: All normal controls were evaluated with routine laboratory
tests to exclude underlying thrombosis risk factors including full blood
examination, thrombophilia screen, von Willebrand studies. Individuals on anticoagulants, antiplatelet agents, hormone therapy or on
treatment for cardiovascular risk factors were excluded. All samples
were double centrifuged at 2500 G and frozen at 80C within 2 h of
collection. Samples were analysed using the CAT using standard 5
pmol reagent (Stago) .
Results: 32 normal controls (20 F, 12 M) with median age of 45 (range:
2479) years were recruited. Thrombin generation parameters varied
significantly within this controlled population group and there was no
correlation with age (r2 = 0.059). Thrombin generation was higher in
females (ETP: 1418 nM vs. 1282 nM, P = 0.032). There were 2 distinct
patterns of thrombin generation curves the flattened curve, with
lower thrombin peak and velocity index but with a relatively preserved
ETP, is more common in males (88% vs 23%, P < 0.001) and associated with higher LDL (3.9 vs 3.0, P = 0.07), lower HDL, (1.16 vs 1.95,
P < 0.001) and higher triglyceride levels (P < 0.001).
Conclusion: Thrombin generation does not increase with age. Females
have higher thrombin generation which maybe related to underlying
hormonal status. There appears to be two distinct thrombin generation curves, with the flattened curve associated with male sex and poor
lipid profile. This may represent increased cardiovascular risk and will
required further evaluation.
PO049-TUE
The rivaroxaban-calibrated anti-fxa assay can reliably
identify presence of rivaroxaban in plasma
Windyga J1, Baran B2, Lis M3, Odnoczko E2 and StefanskaWindyga E4
1
Disorders of Hemostasis and Internal Medicine; 2Laboratory of
Hemostasis and Metabolic Disorders, Institute of Hematology
and Transfusion Medicine; 3Fraktal Software Studio, Fraktal
Software Studio; 4Outpatient Clinic for Patients with
Coagulation Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion
Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
Background: One of the most attractive features of oral direct inhibitor
of activated coagulation factor X (FXa) rivaroxaban is its administration without dose adjustment based on laboratory tests. In certain clinical circumstances however, e.g. when a patient is bleeding or requires
urgent surgery, the evaluation of the impact of rivaroxaban on hemostatic tests may guide further therapeutic decisions.
Aims: To determine the performance of 6 laboratory tests in patients
receiving therapeutic doses of rivaroxaban.
Methods: We investigated 28 patients, aged 2070 (44.5 13.0), who
were receiving 20 mg of rivaroxaban daily for at least 10 weeks after
an episode of deep vein thrombosis, and 41 controls who did not
receive any medication. The renal function was normal in all subjects.
Plasma samples from patients were obtained immediately prior to the
next rivaroxaban dose (trough) and 4 h following oral dosing (peak).
The results of the following tests were analysed: prothrombin time
(PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time
(TT), fibrinogen concentration, anti-FXa concentration and thrombin
generation peak.
Results: There was statistically significant (P < 0.05) difference
between peak and trough values (mean sd) for all tests, but highest
for PT (s), APTT (s), TGp (nM) and anti-Xa (ng mL1): PTpeak/
PTtrough 1.23 0.12 (95%CI 1.181.27), APTTpeak/APTTtrough
1.25 0.11 (95%CI 1.211.29), TGptrough/TGppeak 2.66 1.06 (95%
CI 2.253.07) and anti-Xapeak/anti-Xatrough 7.87 4.68 (95%CI 6.05
9.68). The statistically significant differences between trough and control values were observed for the same 4 tests (meanSD): PTtrough
11.14 0.81 vs PTcontrol 10.67 0.55; APTTtrough 26.68 2.60 vs
APTTcontrol 25.41 2.03; TGptrough 125.02 88.08 vs TGpcontrol
221.02 87.78; anti-Xatrough 30.84 19.53 vs anti-Xacontrol
1.77 3.01.
Conclusion: Using ROC we evaluated all tests and found the anti-FXa
the best in terms of sensitivity and specificity laboratory tool to
determine rivaroxaban presence in plasma.
PO050-TUE
A fully automated aid for the improvement of HIL
interference management in the hemostasis laboratory:
test assay-specific flagging of laboratory results for
hemolysis, icterus and lipemia/turbidity
Polgar J, Lin H-F, Havelick J, Doyle M and Triscott M
Instrumentation Laboratory, Bedford, MA, USA
Background: Hemolysis, Icterus and Lipemia (HIL) can interfere with
laboratory tests by optical or chemical mechanisms. Manufacturers
express HIL tolerance in hemoglobin (Hgb), bilirubin (Bili) and triglyceride (Tg) concentrations. Hemostasis laboratories evaluate the
HIL status of a sample by visual observation that is subjective and
prone to inappropriate acceptance or rejection of samples.
Aims: Instrumentation Laboratory (IL) aims to provide automated,
test-specific HIL assessment with the ACL TOP Family 50 Series Hemostasis Testing Systems.
ABSTRACTS
Methods: Hgb and Bili are calculated based on absorbance (abs) measured at three wavelengths. Intralipid-derived Tg limits correspond
to well-defined abs values. Abs used by the HIL feature can come from
different abs source assays, PT or APTT runs, or from diluted plasma.
Estimated HIL in the sample are compared to the specific HIL limits
per IL test kit package inserts and the hemostasis results are flagged
accordingly for HIL.
A wide variety of plasma samples were used to demonstrate matching
of HIL results 1) from different abs source assays; and 2) generated by
ACL TOP Family 50 Series systems vs. chemistry analyzers.
Results: HIL method comparison (MC) with different abs source
assays show correlation coefficients (r) >0.98, slopes 1.0 0.06 and
intercepts (y) close to zero. Testing >800 samples at three hospital laboratories with different sets of ACL TOP Family 50 Series systems,
Envoy 500 (Vital) and HemoCue (HemoCue) showed combined MC
results as: Hgb r = 0.976, slope 1.08, y = 12, range 01500 (mg dL1);
Bili r = 0.971, slope 1.14, y = 0.7, range 0.145 (mg dL1). The individual sites showed results similar to the combined.
Conclusion: The HIL flagging capability of ACL TOP Family 50 Series
systems is robust; the estimated HIL values correlate well with HIL
results generated with clinical chemistry analyzers. Automated, assayspecific HIL flagging could aid furthering HIL interference management.
Disclosure of Interest: J. Polgar Employee of: Instrumentation Laboratory, H.-F. Lin Employee of: Instrumentation Laboratory, J. Havelick
Employee of: Instrumentation Laboratory, M. Doyle Employee of:
Instrumentation Laboratory, M. Triscott Employee of: Instrumentation Laboratory.
PO051-TUE
Handling of the Hemoclot Thrombin Inhibitor assay
reagents on Sysmex CS-2100i when monitoring
dabigatran in acute clinical situations
nster A-M1, Henriksen L1
Faaborg L1, Comuth W1,2, Bloch-Mu
2
and Husted SE
1
Department of Clinical Biochemistry; 2Department of
Cardiology, Herning Regional Hospital, Herning, Denmark
Background: The Hemoclot Thrombin Inhibitors assay (HTI) (Hyphen
biomed) has been introduced for therapeutic monitoring of patients
treated with dabigatran etexilate, in specific clinical situations such as
acute bleeding, thrombosis or before acute surgery. According to the
supplier (Aniara) preparation time for the reagents is 1 h, when adapting the method to the Sysmex CS-2100i analyzer. This is not optimal
in an acute clinical situation. Preparation time according to the
reagent package insert is however only 15 min.
Aims: The objective of this study was to test the HTI reagent stability
on Sysmex CS-2100i when preparing reagents according to package
inserts.
Methods: Reagents, controls and calibrators were prepared according
to package inserts with an incubation time of 15 min before use. Controls were measured consecutively every hour for 8 h. Additionally,
freshly prepared controls were measured every hour from 3 h and
onwards. The lot specific control target values were: 112 ng mL1
(C1) and 290 ng mL1 (C2).
Results: C1 values increased from 113.9 ng mL1 to 138.8 ng mL1
(22%) after 3 h, and then remained stable from 3 to 8 h
(CV08 h = 6.6%, CV38 h = 2.9%). Likewise, C2 values increased
14%, from 281.4 ng mL1 to 321.0 ng mL1 after 2 h and then
remained stable from 2 to 8 h (CV08 h = 4.6%, CV28 h = 1.7%). A
difference of 10% (bias goal) was considered acceptable. Higher levels
of differences could lead to an incorrect estimation of the patients
bleeding or thrombosis risk in clinical practice, especially when values
approach the borders of the therapeutic range.
527
Conclusion: The results of quality controls for the HTI assay varied
considerably during the initial 23 h of use when prepared according
to the package inserts. The results indicate that reagents are in need of
a longer stabilization period before use, which makes the HTI assay
less suitable for dabigatran monitoring in acute clinical situations.
Disclosure of Interest: L. Faaborg: None declared, W. Comuth Grant/
Research Support from: hospital donation from Boehringer Ingelheim;
research support from Siemens, Aniara, Stago, A.-M. Bloch-M
unster:
None declared, L. Henriksen: None declared, S. Husted Grant/
Research Support from: hospital donation from Boehringer Ingelheim;
research support from Siemens, Aniara, Stago
PO052-TUE
Time in therapeutic range and complications of
antithrombotic treatment
Scekic M
Thrombosis and Hemostasis Department, Clinical Centre of
Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia
Background: Patients (pts) with mechanical heart valve prosthesis and
atrial fibrillation are at high risk for thromboembolic complications.
For them, life long anticoagulation therapy with vitamin K antagonists (VKA) is recommended.
Aims: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the possible correlation between the frequency of bleeding and thromboembolic complications and time out of therapeutic range.
Methods: Total of 384 pts divided in two groups have been included.
Group of pts with atrial fibrillation consisted of 328 pts, 177 (54%)
male, 151 (46%) female, age range 3888. Group of pts with mechanical valve prosthesis included 56 pts, 27 (48%) male, 29 (52%) female,
age range 2680. Prothrombin time INR was determined from capillary blood using thrombotest reagent and coagulometer thrombotrack, manufactured by Axis Shield, Norway. INR controls have been
performed at outpatient anticoagulation clinic, Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad.
Results: In group of pts with atrial fibrillation, total number of controls was 12684, of wich INR < 2 in 4721 (37%), INR 24.5 in 7403
(58%) and INR > 4.6 in 560 (4%). Mean TTR was 57%. Thromboembolic complications had 29 pts and haemorrhagic complications
occurred in 68 pts. In group of pts with mechanical valve prosthesis,
total number of controls was 3367 of wich INR < 2 in 719 (21%),
INR 24.5 in 2434 (71%) and INR > 4.6 in 214 (6%). Mean TTR was
70%. Thromboembolic complications occured in 3 pts and haemorrhagic complications was documented in 23 pts.
Conclusion: In group with mechanical heart valve prosthesis thromboembolic complications occurred more frequently in pts with higher
percentage of controls below therapeutic range. In group with atrial
fibrillation bleeding occurred more frequently in pts with higher percentage of controls over therapeutic range.
PO053-TUE
Usefulness of dilute Russells viper venom clotting
time (DRVVT) for the routine monitoring of new oral
anticoagulants
Hoppensteadt D, Kola J, Brayne M, Iqbal O and Fareed J
Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
Background: The new oral anticoagulants such as rivaroxaban (Bayer
Healthcare) (R) apixaban (BMS/Pfizer) (A) and dabigatran (Boehringer Ingleheim) (D) have been approved to manage thrombotic and cardiovascular disorders. There have been reported bleeding
528
ABSTRACTS
complications suggesting the need for monitoring of these agents in

some patient populations.
Aims: This study was designed to determine which of the available
clotting assays could be used to calculate the circulating concentration
of these new oral anticoagulants in plasma.
Methods: Citrated blood was drawn from ten donors and to obtain
platelet poor plasma (PPP). The PPP was supplemented with A, R and
D in a concentration range of 01.0 lg mL1. In addition, plasma
samples, containing varying concentrations of either A, R or D were
also blindly analyzed. The plasma samples were analyzed using PT/
INR (Innovin, Seimens, Deerfield,IL), APTT reagent (Platelin, TCoag, Ireland) dilute Russells viper venom time (DRVVT) and DRVVT
confirm (HemosIL, Instrumentation Laboratories (Bedford, MA).
Results: In the PT and APTT assays a concentration dependent
increase in clotting time was observed, however the slope of the line
was not very steep. In contrast, both the DRVVT and DRVVT confirm assays the concentration-response curves were straight lines with
a steep slope. Therefore, it was possible to extrapolate the concentrations of the unknown samples using both of these assays. In addition,
there was a good correlation between the calculated concentration and
the actual concentration in the range of 50 to 1000 ng mL1
(r2 = 0.82) with both assays.
Conclusion: These results suggest the dRVVT and DRVVT confirm
assays are sensitive to A, D and R at concentrations > 50 ng mL1.
Therefore, A,D and R can be monitored by these assays. Both of these
assays are commercially available and can be readily adapted to any
automated instrument.
PO054-TUE
Performance of hemosil direct thromin inhibitor (DTI)
assay on the ACL top family instruments
Hammelburger J1, Cao Z1, Bottenus R1 and Triscott M2
1
R & D, Instrumentation Laboratory, Orangeburg; 2R & D,
Instrumentation Laboratory, Bedford, MA, USA
Background: Dabigatran (DAB), marketed as the pro-drug, Dabigatran Etexilate (Pradaxa), is an oral direct thrombin inhibitor (DTI)
and an alternative to the vitamin K antagonists (VKA), warfarin or
coumadin. Although fixed dosage without monitoring is indicated,
information regarding plasma levels of Dabigatran would aid in making clinical decisions in situations where measurement is warented.
Aims: Performance of the IL HemosIL Direct Thrombin Inhibitor
Assay on the ACL TOP Family was evaluated to determine use of the
assay to test for functional Dabigatran concentrations in citrated
plasma.
Methods: A sixpoint calibration curve was prepared automatically on
the ACL TOP by mixing DAB Calibrator 2 (500 ng mL1) with DAB
Calibrator 1 (0 ng mL1) and fitting the points with a split math
model. Linearity was assesses up to 2000 ng mL1 with reflexive testing. Method comparison, precision, intereference, were perforemd.
On-board and reconstituted stabilities (28 C, 20 C) were measured for plasma components and DTI reagents.
Results: The precision was 5% CV and recoveries of the DAB samples within their established limits. The test was linear between 20
2000 ng mL1 DAB with reflexive testing. Method Comparison of
R = 0.98 and slope = 1.05 was seen for IL DTI vs. commercial DAB
kit. No interference was seen for hemoglobin (300 mg dL1); bilirubin
triglycerides
(873 mg dL1);
and
heparin
(40 mg dL1);
1
(2.2 IU mL ). The DTI Reagents were stable for 6 h on-board and
48 h at 28 C. The plasma components were stable for 8 h on-board
and 7 days at 28 C. The DTI Reagents and plasma components
were stable for 2 month at 20 C.
Conclusion: The IL HemosIL DTI Dabigatran Assay on ACL TOP is
reliable and accurate for measuring Dabigatran in citrated plasma. It
has good sensitivity in the low range to verify clearance of DAB prior
to surgery, as well as sensitivity in the clinical and high range. The test
has satisfactory component stability, good sample precision and comparison to a predicate device.
PO055-TUE
In vitro correction of impaired blood coagulation in a
model of severe thrombocytopenia by fibrinogen and
activated prothrombin complex concentrate
Shenkman B
Coagulation Laboratory, National Hemophilia Center, Ramat
Gan, Israel
Background: Alternatives or supplements to transfusion of blood
products are often needed for treatment of severe thrombocytopenia
patients with bleeding.
Aims: The aim of this study was to improve clot quality and stability
in reconstituted thrombocytopenia blood.
Methods: Thrombocytopenia [(16 4) 9 106 mL1] was created by
centrifugation of normal blood and mixing platelet-poor plasma with
packed cells. The blood samples were subjected to clotting by CaCl2
and tissue factor and to fibrinolysis by tPA. Blood was diluted by 40%
with TRIS/saline buffer to mimic the situation when patients are subjected to massive transfusion of liquids. Clotting time (CT), a-Angle
(aA), maximum clot firmness (MCF), and lysis onset time (LOT) were
evaluated using thromboelastometry.
Results: Thrombocytopenia blood was spiked with fibrinogen
(3.0 mg mL1) and activated prothrombin complex concentrate (FEIBA, 1 U mL1) following calibration of these agents. Spiking of nondiluted blood with FEIBA was followed by shortening of CT. aA and
MCF were increased by spiking with fibrinogen and FEIBA. LOT was
prolonged by FEIBA meaning inhibition of tPA-induced fibrinolysis.
Further increase of aA and MCF and prolongation of LOT was
observed by combining fibrinogen with FEIBA. Dilution of blood was
followed by reduction of aA and MCF compared to non-diluted blood
that was partly reversed by fibrinogen and FEIBA being higher using
these agents in combination. Spiking of diluted blood with FEIBA
together with fibrinogen led to fibrinolysis inhibition. Increasing concentration of fibrinogen (6.0 mg mL1) combined with FEIBA led to
further augmentation of MCF.
Conclusion: The results of this study show that spiking of severe
thrombocytopenia blood with fibrinogen in combination with FEIBA
improved clot quality and stability that is especially important in
thrombocytopenia complicated with hemodilution.
PO056-TUE
New immunodepleted plasma for determination of
Factor XI activity
Cortina V, Altisent C, Castro A, Parra R, Pons V, Andreoni LL,
Olivera P, Marn A, Bosch F and Santamara A
n, Barcelona,
Hematology, Hospital Universitario Vall d0 Hebro
Spain
Background: Ergonomic and reliable measurement of Factor XI (FXI)
activity is essential for assessing patients with FXI deficiency due to its
implication in clinical management.
Aims: To assess the performance of a novel immuno-depleted FXI
deficient human plasma in the one-stage FXI activity assay in various
samples.
ABSTRACTS
Methods: The assays were performed with the new immuno-depleted
FXI deficient human plasma STA ImmunoDef XI used with STA
C.K. Prest (Stago) on STA-R. STA Unicalibrator was used for
the calibrations and Internal Quality Control (IQC) were run using
STA System Control N + P. The reference method tested in parallel was STA Deficient XI used with STA C.K. Prest.
One hundred samples were tested in 7 runs: 26 samples from patients
with a known medical history of FXI deficiency, 50 normal samples
and 24 other samples (anticoagulated, lupus positive and samples
spiked with FXI).
Samples were spread over the new products working range (1200%)
and results were compared to the ones obtained with the reference
method.
Correlations with and without the spiked samples were analysed using
linear and Deming regressions. Differences were plotted in Bland&Altman graphs.
The results of the new product obtained with a daily calibration were
compared to results obtained with the valid calibration of the first day
(rerun only if IQCs were out of range).
Results: The IQC day to day reproducibility resulted in a Coefficient
Variation < 3% (based on factor levels).
Results were similar when calculated with the daily calibration or the
valid calibration.
The correlation between the two assays was: y = 0.963x + 5.982
(r = 0.988) (all samples).
Results were similar when removing the spiked samples from the
analysis.
Conclusion: The correlation between the two FXI deficient plasma
products shows equivalent results for the whole assay working range.
The IQC results show good day to day reproducibility, and there is no
need for a daily calibration.
Disclosure of Interest: V. Cortina Grant/Research Support from: This
work has been sponsored by Stago, C. Altisent: None declared, A.
Castro: None declared, R. Parra: None declared, V. Pons: None
declared, L. L
opez Andreoni: None declared, P. Olivera: None
declared, A. Marn: None declared, F. Bosch: None declared, A. Santamara: None declared.
PO057-TUE
Assessment of thrombin generation test for bypassing
therapy monitoring in haemophilia patient with
inhibitor
Smirnova O1, Namestnikov Y1, Markova I2, Golovina O1 and
Papayan L1
1
Laboratory of Blood Coagulation, Russian Research Institute of
Haematology and Transfusiology; 2Pavlov First Saint Petersburg
State Medical University, St-Petersburg, Russian Federation
Background: The current concept of hemophilia treatment suggests
using factor replacement therapy for bleeding episodes as well as for
prophylactic infusions. The development of inhibitors results in
decreasing of replacement therapy efficacy, so bypassing agents (BPA)
are to be used. The optimal application of BPA is hampered by the
lack of laboratory assays to monitor efficacy and determine adequate
dosing, which is the most important in the surgical management of
such patients. The thrombin generation test (TGT) may give the additional clinically relevant information.
Aims: The aim of our study was to evaluate the possibility of using
TGT for the assessment of BPA efficacy in hemophilia A patient with
inhibitor.
Methods: The 3-year old patient with hemophilia A and inhibitor (1.6
BU mL1) underwent a surgical procedure (venous access device was
implanted). Thrombin generation was measured at Fluoroscan
Ascent fluorometer using TF 1pM. The following parameters were
analyzed: lag time of thrombin generation (LT, min), endogenous
529
thrombin potential (ETP, nM*min), maximum concentration of

thrombin (Peak, nM). The surgery was performed using the plasmaderived activated prothrombin complex concentrate (pd-aPCC).
Results: Before the surgery, LT was prolonged (8.5 min), and ETP and
Peak were significantly reduced (131.5 nM*min and 5.3 nM, accordingly). These parameters in the control plasma were 5.6 min, 989,
.4 nM*min and 98.6 nM, accordingly. Pd-aPCC 70 UE kg1 infusion
led to the acceleration of thrombin generation (LT came down to
3.5 min), but ETP and Peak didnt change enough. The patient exhibited the bleeding, so he was given pd-aPCC 100 UE kg1. The bleeding
was stopped and TGT parameters correction was observed (LT was
2.6 min, ETP 1058 nM*min, Peak 92.2 nM).
Conclusion: TGT may be helpful for predicting the individual bleeding
risk and for providing individual treatment regimens, especially in
patients with inhibitors, but future research is required.
PO058-TUE
Evaluation of a new assay for the measurement of the
direct FXA inhibitor Rivaroxaban (DG-Chrom ANTI-Xa)
on the Q Hemostasis analyzer (Grifols)
Hickey K and Kitchen S
Department of Coagulation, Sheffield Haemophilia and
Thrombosis Centre, Sheffield, UK
Background: Rivaroxaban, one of the novel oral anticoagulants does
not routinely require monitoring. However, in certain groups including renal patients, monitoring may be required.
Aims: Aim of the study was to evaluate the performance characteristics
of a new method DG-Chrom Anti-Xa (Grifols, Spain) for quantitative
assessment of the direct FXa inhibitor Rivaroxaban.
Methods: Test plasma is diluted in buffer containing a heparin inhibitor and incubated with an excess of FXa. After incubation a chromogenic substrate is added and residual FXa cleaves the substrate
producing colour at 405 nM. The assay is performed on Q-analyser
(Grifols, Spain). The reference Rivaroxaban assay, also utilising heparin inhibition was Biophen DiXal (Hyphen, France) performed on Sysmex CS2100 (Sysmex, UK).
Results: Calibration curves (n = 5) produced r values > 0.998. Between
assay precision was checked at three levels of QC (n = 5); High
(305 ng mL1) CV 3.8%, Medium (146 ng mL1) CV 3.7% and Low
(64 ng mL1) CV 9.5%.
UFH group (n = 16, mean 0.65 IU mL1, median 0.69 IU mL1) and
LMWH group (n = 20, mean 1.08 IU mL1, median 0.75 IU mL1)
exhibited no interference, rivaroxaban estimation below assays limit of
detection (LoD) of 15 ng mL1. Tinzaparin sample with an elevated
LMWH heparin level of 8.6 IU mL1, generated apparent rivaroxaban level of 20.8 ng mL1, below assays Limit of Quantification
(LoQ) of 40 ng mL1. Plasma spiked with UFH (n = 10) between 1.0
and 3.0 IU mL1 or fondaparinux (n = 10) between 0.5 and
1.0 IU mL1 generated levels below LoQ and LoD respectively.
In rivaroxaban group DG-Chrom Anti-Xa (mean 152 ng mL1, median 146 ng mL1) and Biophen DiXal (mean 161 ng mL1, median
146 ng mL1) correlated well (n = 45), r = 0.9738. Overall (n = 123),
the assays gave good correlation between methods in all samples
tested, r = 0.991.
Conclusion: DG-Chrom Anti-Xa assay compares well with the Biophen DiXal assay for rivaroxaban measurement. The heparin inhibitor
contained within the buffer prevents any interference from UFH,
fondaparinux and LMWH at therapeutic levels.
530
ABSTRACTS
PO059-TUE
How the direct oral anticoagulant apixaban affects
thrombin generation parameters
Scalambrino E1, Padovan L1, Chantarangkul V1, Testa S2,
Peyvandi F3 and Tripodi A1
1
Irccs Ca Granda Maggiore Hospitalfoundation Milano Italy,
Milano; 2Hemostasis Thrombosis Center, General Hospital,
Cremona; 3Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation,
Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
Background: Apixaban is a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) targeting
factor Xa and thus quenching thrombin generation and clot formation.
Aims: To investigate the influence of apixaban on the parameters of
Methods: Aliquots of a pooled normal plasma have been added with
increased concentrations of purified apixaban and were used to assess
the degree of modification brought about by the drug on the basic tests
of coagulation prothrombin and activated partial thromboplastin time
(PT and APTT) and on thrombin generation parameters.
Results: The study shows that while apixaban has little effect on PT or
APTT it does affect all the parameters of thrombin generation, including the lag-time (which is increased), the endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) and thrombin-peak (both decreased although to a different
extent), and the velocity index (decreased). Interestingly, the above
effects were more pronounced when the measurements were recorded
in the presence of thrombomodulin, thus making the ratio (with/without thrombomodulin) to decrease consistently as a function of the
apixaban concentrations.
Conclusion: These findings support the antithrombotic properties of
apixaban and can help to understand the mechanism(s) of action of
this drug. Thrombin generation could be used as a convenient laboratory tool to assess the anticoagulant activity of other drugs and to
make between-DOAC comparison.
PO060-TUE
The correlation of atypical aPTT curves with type of
coagulation defect
Slavik L, Ulehlova J, Hlusi A, Prochazkova J and Krcova V
Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc,
Czech Republic
Background: The last generation optical coagulometers (ACL Top)
allow to display of clot reaction curves with superimposed first and
second derivative curves. In our study, we would like to demonstrate
the importance of atypical biphasic types of curves for detection of
coagulation defects.
The graphical representation of the clot reaction can provide very useful information. New software in the device allows to display clot reaction curves with superimposed first and second derivative curves.
Aims: In our study, we observed an atypical curve in 44 from 74 consecutive sended samples with pathological aPTT. The curves have different biphasic course in contrary to the classic S shape curves
observed in normal patients.
The aim of our study was to perform correlation of aPTT pathology in
differential diagnosis with atypical waveforms.
Methods: The detection of aPTT was performed on ACL Top analyzer. We used aPTT reagent with synthetic phospholipids.
In the differential diagnosis of pathological aPTT the level of vWf,
FVIII, F IX, FXI and FXII, the inhibitors of coagulation factors and
the LA were detected.
Results: In our group, the presence of pathological aPTT curves was in
43 samples from 74 (atypical curves in 58%). For a detailed evaluation
of the differential diagnosis aPTT factor deficiency were detected in 38

patients (89%), 4 patients had specific inhibitor, 1 patient vW factor
and Fletcher factor (100%).
The opposite situation was in 19 patients with lupus anticoagulant
who had pathological curves only in 15%. These patients with one
exception had comorbid another defect.
Conclusion: The presence of atypical course of aPTT curve can help us
in the differential diagnosis of pathological aPTT. With a relatively
high probability it helps us to identify the risk of bleeding condition
based on deficit factors or the presence of an inhibitor. LA on the
other hand, shows the presence of atypical aPTT curves.
Supported by a grant LF-2015001 and IGA NT 14394
PO061-TUE
Efficacy of novel oral anticoagulants (NOACS) using
diluted Russells viper venom test (dRVVT)
Kaneko M, Kanno N and Yatomi Y
Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of
Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Background: Novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) show a more predictable dose-dependent response than warfarin and their use does not
require routine monitoring of blood coagulation. However, anticoagulation testing becomes necessary in case of poor compliance or in an
emergency situation.
Aims: In this study, we determined the characteristics of extended clotting time using diluted Russells viper venom test (dRVVT).
Methods: In this study, clotting time was measured by the dRVVT
Confirm test (dRC) with high phospholipid concentration, using the
ACL-TOP coagulometer. Plasma from healthy donors were collected
in tubes containing citrate and an anticoagulant (dabigatran, rivaroxaban, or apixaban) was added to each sample. In addition, plasma
samples were collected from patients taking these medications orally,
at a random interval after taking the drug, during their visit to our
institute for a medical examination. The samples from patients were
assessed in terms of PT, APTT, dRC, and chromogenic substrate
method.
Results: dRC result was prolonged in an NOAC dose-dependent manner, but eventually the rate of prolongation of coagulation time
reached a plateau. Apixaban (200 ng mL1) added in vitro to blood
from healthy donors prolonged the dRC by about 1.5 times, as
opposed to both PT and APTT, which were prolonged by less than
1.2-fold. As compared to control samples, the dRC prolongation
ratios of samples from patients taking dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban, and oral warfarin were 2.12 (n = 46), 1.65 (n = 51), 1.44
(n = 21), and 1.39 (n = 21), respectively. Although dRC prolongation
in lupus anticoagulant (LA)-positive cases (n = 7) was barely prolonged, by approximately 1.1-fold, that of LA-positive patients taking
warfarin (n = 7) was prolonged 1.34-fold.
Conclusion: dRC was found useful for detecting overdose of anticoagulation by NOACs, since not only was a clear prolongation of coagulation time obtained, but its results were relatively less affected in LApositive samples.
ABSTRACTS
PO062-TUE
Ex-vivo and in-vitro comparative assessment of
MOD-5014 (Factor VIIA-CTP), a novel long-acting
coagulation factor to recombinant FVIIA
Hart G1, Livnat T2, Shenkman B2, Bar-Ilan A1, Binder L1,
Hoffman M1 and Kenet G2
1
R&D, Opko Biologics, Nes Zionna; 2National Hemophilia
Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
Background: OPKO(f.k.a PROLOR) is a clinical stage company developing long acting versions of therapeutic proteins utilizing CTP technology. This involves fusion of the hCG C terminus peptide to
proteins. The technology was clinically validated for several drugs
while maintaining their biological activity
Aims: To compare the ex-vivo and invitro activity of MOD-5014 to
rhFVIIa as part of the preparation for First in Human Study in hemophilic patients and to provide a solid dose selection rational
Methods: MOD-5014 was expressed in CHO cells, purified and activated utilizing a CTPspecific purification process.MOD-5014 activity
was compared to commercial rhFVIIa in a dose-dependent manner
by:STA-Clot, Factor X activation and FVII chromogenic assays and
by comparing theaffinity to TF by SPR. In addition, thethrombin generation and ROTEM performanceof MOD-5014 in hemophilic
patients plasma was characterized at a range of concentrations b yeither recalcification of samples and/or activation of the extrinsic or
intrinsic pathway while rh FVIIa served as comparator. Finally, PT
and aPTT were assessed.
Results: MOD-5014 and rhFVIIa demonstrated a comparable in-vitro
activity as reflected by equivalent clotting timeand EC50. In addition,
MOD-5014affinity to TF,as assessed by SPR, was similar to
rhFVIIa.Comparison the ability at wide rangeof MOD-5014 and
rhFVIIa concentrations to induce TG showed proper activation as
reflected by the lag time, peak height, and ETP. Prelimnary assessment
of MOD-5014 in ROTEM system suggests similar dose-dependent
effect of both agents
Conclusion: Our data suggest that attachment of CTP toFVIIa maintains comparable functionality and affinity as those ofrhFVIIa. These
results provide a solid rational for the proposed dose range to be used
in the upcoming MOD-5014 clinical study in hemophilic patients and
implies that MOD-5014 has the potential of beinga promising and
effective long acting rhFVIIa.
PO063-TUE
Impact of edoxaban on haemostasis diagnosis assays:
practical recommendations
Douxfils J1, Del Bianco T1, Baudar J2, Lessire S3, Chatelain B2,
Dogne J-M1 and Mullier F2
1
Pharmacy, University of Namur, Namur; 2Hematology
Laboratory; 3Anaesthesiology, CHU Dinant Godinne UcL Namur,
Yvoir, Belgium
Background: Edoxaban may affect the results of coagulation tests routinely used in case of thrombophilia or in exploration of a haemorrhagic event.
Aims: To provide laboratory recommendations for the accurate interpretation of haemostasis laboratory assays that may be influenced in
patients treated with edoxaban.
Methods: Edoxaban was spiked at increasing concentration (0 to
500 ng mL1) in normal citrated human platelet-poor plasma to assess
Thrombin Time (TT), Ecarin Clotting Time (ECT), Reptilase Time
(RT), testing for lupus anticoagulant (dilute Russell Viper Venom
Time (dRVVT), PTT-LA and Staclot-LA), Activated Protein C
Resistance (APC-R), measurement of clotting factors (XII; XI; IX;
531
VIII; VII; V; X and II), antithrombin measurement (with thrombin

and factor-Xa based assay), fibrinogen measurement (Clauss and PTderived method) and free Protein-S measurement (clotting method).
Results: TT, ECT, RT, fibrinogen (Clauss) and the APC-R were not
influenced by edoxaban. DRVV-T, PTT-LA and the Staclot-LA
were both prolonged in a concentration dependent manner in presence
of therapeutic concentrations (i.e. around 150 ng mL1 at Cmax) of edoxaban. PT and aPTT-based clotting factor measurements were also
highly influenced at these concentrations. Only FII seemed to be less
affected. However, it depends on the sensitivity of the PT and aPTT
reagents. High edoxaban concentrations (i.e. 500 ng mL1) interfered
with the measurement of free protein-S (increase of 22% at
500 ng mL1 of edoxaban) and antithrombin, using factor Xa-based
chromogenic assay (15% at 500 ng mL1), and with the measurement
of PT-derived fibrinogen.
Conclusion: Edoxaban mainly interferes with chronometric or chromogenic assays involving FXa or upstream coagulation factors. When
these tests are used, it is mandatory to take into account the interreagent variability in terms of sensitivity as well as the delay between
the last intake of the drug and the blood sampling.
PO064-TUE
Introduction of a liquid anti-Xa method for
quantification of current therapeutic Xa inhibitors
Lewis H, Needham J, Harrison N and Rangarajan S
Haemophilia Haemostasis and Thrombosis Department, North
Hampshire Hospital Nhs Foundation Trust, Basingstoke, UK
Background: Assessment of anti-Xa activity by chromogenic methodology is well established in diagnostic laboratories for patients receiving unfractionated (UFH) or low molecular weight heparin (LMWH).
Reconstitution of lyophilised reagents and generation of calibration
curves for each run directly from prescription product, is complex and
time consuming. Availability of a wide range of Xa inhibitors and
reduction in routine monitoring assay is now predominantly required
urgently in bleeding or thrombotic complications. Availability of
liquid based reagents in conjunction with commercial calibrators
potentially provides analytical tools to support a responsive diagnostic
service.
Aims: Using liquid anti-Xa reagent and commercial calibrators to
assess quality assurance of application of stored calibration curves and
within and between batch quality control (QC) for quantifying the
anti-Xa activity in plasma of UFH, LMWH, Danaproid, Rivaroxaban
and Apixaban.
Methods: Assays performed on Destiny Max analyser (Stago UK).
Anti-Xa activity was measured using Liquid Anti-Xa reagent and
Multi Hep Calibrator for UFH and LMWH, STA Rivaroxaban and
Apixaban calibrators and associated QC plasmas (Stago UK). Danaproid calibrators and QC plasmas (Technoclone Ltd).
Results: LMWH within batches CV% = 8.2, 6.8, 4.7 (low QC) and
6.8, 6.2, 8.4 (high QC) respectively and between batches CV% = 8.5
(low QC) and 10.8 (high QC). UFH between batches CV% = 8.04
(low QC) and 7.53 (high QC). Rivaroxaban within batches CV
% = 2.88, 8.19, 10.2 (low QC) and CV% = 3.98, 4.25, 7.86 (high QC)
respectively and between batch CV% = 9.75 (low QC) and 6.04 (high
QC). Apixaban between batches CV% = 6.86 (low QC) and 5.29 (high
QC) and Danaproid CV% = 2.08 (low QC) and 0.83 (high QC).
Conclusion: Xa inhibition for all anticoagulants showed good within
and between batch reproducibly and quality assurance using stored
calibration curves for liquid anti-Xa reagent, providing a robust assay
suitable for application for patients in clinical emergencies.
532
ABSTRACTS
PO065-TUE
Preliminary performance data of a new chromogenic
direct anti-Xa assay evaluated for the quantification of
Rivaroxaban
Pilgrim S, Esch V, Kolbe-Scheu K, Krumpholz B, Schleifer M and
Lichte A
Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Products GmbH, Marburg,
Germany
Background: Rivaroxaban is an oral direct factor Xa inhibitor
approved for a series of thromboembolic indications. Routine monitoring is not required. However, measurement of plasma drug levels
may become beneficial in certain clinical situations.
Aims: To develop a new automated assay for the quantification of
direct anti-factor Xa inhibitors such as Rivaroxaban in human
plasma.
Methods: A one-stage, competitive, chromogenic assay*, a Rivaroxaban standard* and Rivaroxaban quality controls* were developed.
Diluted samples are mixed with a reagent containing an excess of factor
Xa and with a factor Xa-specific chromogenic substrate. In the presence of Rivaroxaban, the velocity of chromogenic substrate cleavage
by factor Xa is reduced which is quantified by absorbance at 405 nm.
Results: Precision, linearity of the measuring range, accuracy of results
and interference by heparin were assessed with automated applications
on BCS XP and the Sysmex CS-2100i systems. The assay0 s analytical measuring range expands from 0 to 350 ng mL1, and reaches a
linear clinical reportable range of 20 to 1050 ng mL1 by automated
sample dilution. The total precision CV of the application on CS-2100i
was 2.3% for a sample with 65 ng mL1 and 6.3% for a sample with
29 ng mL1. Rivaroxaban values correlate strongly to those obtained
by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (r = 0.995 on
BCS XP, r = 0.996 on CS-2100i). No interference against unfractionated or low molecular weight heparins up to a concentration of
10 IU mL1 has been detected.
Conclusion: The new chromogenic direct anti-Xa assay in combination
with a dedicated Rivaroxaban Standard and Rivaroxaban Controls is
suitable for the automated routine quantitation of Rivaroxaban in
human citrated plasma samples. (*) Products under development. Not
available for sale.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Pilgrim Employee of: Siemens Healthcare
Diagnostics Products GmbH, V. Esch Employee of: Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Products GmbH, K. Kolbe-Scheu Employee of: Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Products GmbH, B. Krumpholz
Employee of: Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Products GmbH, M.
Schleifer Employee of: Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Products
GmbH, A. Lichte Employee of: Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Products GmbH.
PO066-TUE
Preliminary evaluation of a new chromogenic assay for
the quantitative determination of dabigatran in human
plasma
Mueller J, Halilovic S, Kieper-Rupp I, Koch D, Kurz J and Lichte A
Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Products Gmbh, Marburg,
Germany
Background: Dabigatran etexilate is an oral direct thrombin inhibitor
(DTI) used for the prevention of venous thromboembolism after elective hip and knee replacement, the prevention of stroke during arterial
fibrillation, and the treatment of acute deep vein thrombosis. The
active metabolite, dabigatran, has a predictable pharmacokinetic profile with no need for routine monitoring. Nevertheless, in certain clinical situations it may be beneficial to quantify the dabigatran
concentration in patient specimens.
Aims: The development of an automated chromogenic assay for the

quantitative detection of dabigatran in human plasma.
Methods: A thrombin-dependent assay* using a chromogenic measuring principle and respective dabigatran standards* and controls* were
developed. The measurement is performed by adding an excess of
thrombin and a chromogenic substrate to a citrated plasma sample.
Substrate cleavage is determined by the increase in absorbance at
405 nm. The release of dye is inversely proportional to the inhibitory
activity of dabigatran in the plasma sample, i.e., the smaller the dabigatran concentration, the higher is the absorbance signal per time unit.
Applications were developed for Siemens BCS XP System and Sysmex CS-2100i System.
Results: The new DTI assay is calibrated in a range of 0500 ng mL1
dabigatran. A clinical reportable range (CRR) of 251000 ng mL1 is
achieved by sample predilution. On both systems, linearity was shown
over the whole CRR. A total precision CV of 2.6 ng mL1 (CS-2100i)
and 3.1 ng mL1 (BCS XP) was shown for a sample with 35 ng mL1
and 2.0% (CS-2100i) and 3.1% (BCS XP) for a sample with
404 ng mL1 dabigatran. Method comparison to liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry revealed a correlation coefficient of
r = 0.991 (BCS XP).
Conclusion: The new DTI assay offers together with dabigatran standards and controls a reliable method for the determination of dabigatran in human plasma.
(*) Product under development. Not available for sale.
Disclosure of Interest: J. Mueller Employee of: Siemens Healthcare
Diagnostics Products GmbH, S. Halilovic Employee of: Siemens
Healthcare Diagnostics Products GmbH, I. Kieper-Rupp Employee
of: Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Products GmbH, D. Koch
Employee of: Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Products GmbH, J.
Kurz Employee of: Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Products GmbH,
A. Lichte Employee of: Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Products
GmbH.
PO067-TUE
Prediction of bleeding tendency in hemophilia A and B
using thrombodynamics assay
Dashkevich NM1,2,3, Panteleev MA2,3,4,5,6,
Ataullakhanov FI2,3,4,5,6 and Negrier C1,7
1
Universit
e Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France; 2HemaCore
Labs LLC; 3Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical
Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Sciences; 4Scientific Clinical
Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology;
5
Physics Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University;
6
Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russian Federation;
7
^pital Louis Pradel, Lyon, France
Unit
e dH
emostase Clinique, Ho
Background: Bleeding tendency in hemophilia usually correlates with
residual factor level, but, in a considerable number of cases, factor
level cannot predict its clinical severity. Thrombodynamics is a novel
integral assay of hemostasis that evaluates propagation of fibrin clot
from the activating surface. Coagulation is activated by immobilized
tissue factor and propagates in thin layer of non-stirred plasma. Fibrin
clot formation is monitored by light scattering and spatial rate of clot
growth is measured.
Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate ability of thrombodynamics to predict bleeding tendency in hemophilia A and B.
Methods: 81 adult patients with various clinical severity of hemophilia
were recruited for this study after obtaining an informed consent. For
29 hemophilia A patients and for 18 hemophilia B patients who had a
background factor level bleeding phenotype was evaluated. 43 apparently healthy individuals formed a control group.
Results: Addition of phospholipid vesicles to plasma was necessary to
provide sufficient sensitivity of the test to factors VIII and XI. Statistically significant correlation between factor level in plasma and rate of
ABSTRACTS
clot growth was found: r = 0.85 for factor VIII and 0.76 for factor IX,
P < 0.01. Rate of clot growth differed significantly between control
group, mild, moderate and severe hemophilia A and B patients as
defined according to factor level at the moment of blood collection.
Rate of clot growth discriminated between severe and non-severe
bleeding phenotype with 96% sensitivity and 76% specificity. In-vitro
spiking of plasma from severe hemophilia A patients with factor VIII
concentrate revealed significant difference between individuals despite
the same factor concentration.
Conclusion: These results show that thrombodynamics is sensitive to
factor VIII and IX level, can reflect individual response to factor
replacement, correlates with clinical manifestation of hemophilia and
therefore has potential clinical utility in this field.
Disclosure of Interest: N. Dashkevich Employee of: HemaCore Labs
LLC, M. Panteleev Employee of: HemaCore Labs LLC, F. Ataullakhanov Shareholder of: HemaCore LLC, Employee of: HemaCore
Labs LLC, C. Negrier: None declared.
PO068-TUE
Do PT and APTT sensitivities to factors0 deficiencies
calculated by the H47-A2 2008 CLSI guideline reflect
the deficiencies found in plasma from patients?
Martinuzzo M1,2, Barrera LH1, Rodriguez M1, Viviana A3,
pez MS1 and Otaso JC4
DAdamo MA1, Lo
1
Central Laboratory, Haemostasis, Hospital Italiano De Buenos
Aires; 2Favaloro Univesity, CABA; 3Laboratorio Central, Hospital
J.M. Cullen, Santa Fe; 4Central Laboratory, Haematology,
Hospital Italiano De Buenos Aires, CABA, Argentina
Background: PT and APTT sensitivity to detect mild isolated factor
deficiencies greatly varied by using different reagents and coagulometers. H47A2 guideline proposed a method to determine the sensitivity
of reagent-instrument combination, but some inconsistency has been
reported.
Aims: To calculate factor deficiency sensitivity by using CLSI guideline
and to compare it with that obtained by analyzing data from patients
with isolated factor deficiencies.
Methods: To calculate sensitivity according to H47A2 guideline different mixtures of a commercial normal pooled plasma (Normal Control
Assayed, IL) and deficient plasmas on each factor were prepared
(< 1% to 100% of activity). PT (PT HS+ and Recomiplastin 2G) and
APTT (APTT SP, IL) were performed on mixtures in an ACL TOP
700 coagulometer. PT (% of activity) and APTT (sec) were plotted
against factor level and a no linear regression equation was obtained.
Sensitivity definition: factor concentration generating PT or APTT out
of the reference range. PT, APTT and factor dosage from patients with
isolated deficiencies were analyzed in the same way: 15 FV, 36 FVII,
19 FX, 21 Haemophilia A, 17 von Willebrand diseases, 15 Haemophilia B, 15 FXI y 24 FXII.
Results: PT sensitivity PTHS + (rabbit brain): FV 38 and 59, FVII 35
and 58, FX 56 and 64UI dL1 from guidelines and patients plasmas,
respectively.
PT sensitivity Recombiplastin 2G (human recombinant): FV 39 and
45, FVII 51 and 50, FX 33 and 61 UI dL1, from guidelines and
patients plasmas, respectively.
APTT sensitivities: FV 39 and 45, FX 32 and 38, FVIII 47 and 60,
FIX 35 and 44, FXI 33 and 43, FXII 37 and 46 UI dL1, from guidelines and patients plasmas, respectively.
Conclusion: Reagent-coagulometer combinations evaluated have adequate sensitivity to factor deficiencies. Sensitivity calculated by H47
A2 procedure could be considered an approach and the minimum one
for the reagents-instrument combination, because sensitivities
obtained by analyzing data from patients plasmas were equal or higher
for all factors evaluated.
533
PO069-TUE
Markers of hemostasis activation after early
discontinuation of fondaparinux in low-risk patients
hospitalized with non-ST-elevation acute coronary
syndrome
Yavelov IS, Knyazev AS, Dobrovolsky AB and Gratsiansky NA
Research Institute of Physico-Chemical Medicine, Moscow,
Russian Federation
Background: Discontinuation of heparin in aspirin-treated patients
(pts) with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTEACS) may be associated with reactivation of coagulation. However is
not clear whether this phenomenon exists in low-risk NSTEACS pts
and after short-term fondaparinux (F) use.
Aims: To assess markers of hemostasis activation after very early discontinuation of F in non-invasive treatment of low-risk pts hospitalized with NSTEACS.
Methods: 53 pts admitted with NSTEACS at median 2.3 h after last
episode of chest pain were included into prospective study. All pts had
GRACE score 108, negative Tn T (cut-off 0.03 ng mL1), and no
ST-segment deviation > 0.1 mV. Aspirin and beta-blockers were used
in all cases while clopidogrel in 35 (66%). After single subcutaneous
injection of F at presentation no anticoagulants were used. Plasma
thrombin-antithrombin (TAT), D-dimer (DD), plasmin-antiplasmin
(PAP) levels, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) activity and its
complex with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA/PAI-1) level were
measured at median 18.0 and 42.0 h after F. Pts were followed until
hospital discharge (median 14 days).
Results: After discontinuation of F plasma TAT, DD and PAP levels
increased while PAI-1 activity and t-PA/PAI-1 complex level did not
significantly change (table). During hospital stay no patient died or
had myocardial infarction and 3 had recurrent angina.
Markers of hemostasis activation during and after short-term F use in
pts hospitalized with NSTEACS.
1
TAT (ng mL )
DD (ng mL1)
PAP (ng mL1)
tPA/PAI-1 (ng mL1)
PAI-1 (U mL1)
On F
After F
3.1 (2.43.9)
359 (253555)
471 (395577)
11.8 (6.927.9)
15.7 (11.019.3)
3.3 (2.6-4.4)
486 (280952)
498 (392656)
12.1 (4.926.3)
14.7 (12.320.0)
0.002
0.002
0.052
0.64
0.66
Conclusion: In non-invasive treatment of low-risk pts hospitalized with

NSTEACS, very early discontinuation of F was associated with activation of coagulation. However, clinical events rate was low.
PO070-TUE
New insights for factor analysis with aptt and pt for
Factors IX, VIII, XI and Factor V
Kluft C and van Leuven CJ
Good Biomarker Sciences, Leiden, The Netherlands
Background: Guidelines prescribe factor analysis by coagulation tests
to be calibrated with mixtures of deficient and normal plasma. The
deficient plasma should have all other coagulation factors at least at
50% and mixing has the studied factor as single limiting factor.
Recently, studies showed that factor XIa activates factor X directly,
contact activation bypasses factor XI, and factor V is only partially
activated.
Aims: To evaluate the consequences for factor analysis.
Methods: Standard APTT, PT methods.
534
ABSTRACTS
Results: For factor VIII- and IX-factor analysis the activity of the
bypass of factor XIa on factor X is strongly dependent of the factor
XI level in the test. It requires dilutions with a constant concentration
of factor XI. Magnitude of effects are dependent on APTT reagent
(silica/ellagic acid). Dilution according to current guidelines compared
to dilutions with constant factor XI show a difference up to a factor 2
for the low range of VIII or IX.
For factor XI, a transient clotting activity is observed during activation. This extra contact-derived activity (bypassing factor XI) is variable within a pre-incubation time of 0 12 min. Calibration lines
show strong dependence in slope on pre-incubation time. Extra activity has largely been inactivated with a prolonged incubation time of
~10 min, which is the new preferred protocol. This factor XI bypassing
activity has been the basis for differences in slope of calibration lines
using 4 min incubation time for different deficient plasmas with the
standard APTT.
For factor V analysis with the PT, it was observed that activation of
factor V is partial and different for different levels of factor V. This
violates the rule of one critical factor in the test. Furthermore, the
degree of activation of factor V was different for different PT reagents.
Conclusion: It is concluded that in order to full fill the criteria of current guidelines, modifications of tests and reagents are required. In
some situations the guidelines themselves require modification.
PO071-TUE
Reliability of a new point-of-care portable
coagulometer for PT-INR test performed in the hospital
anticoagulation clinic
Paniccia R1, Priora R2, Marcucci R3, Mannini L2, Poli D2,
Tafuro EL3, Attinasi F2, Gori L2, Liotta AA2 and Abbate R3
1
2
Careggi Hospital; 3University of Florence, Florence, Italy
Background: Recently, a new coagulation point-of-care testing (POCT)
system, the microINR portable coagulometer (Instrumentation laboratory-IL, Italy), has been introduced for assessing PT-INR in capillary whole blood samples of patients on oral vitamin K antagonist
(VKA) therapy.
Aims: This study was aimed to evaluate the precision and accuracy of
this POCT coagulometer.
Methods: Capillary whole blood PT-INR by using POCT device were
assessed in 288 patients on oral VKA therapy. At the same time, citrated blood was withdrawn for comparing citrated plasma PT-INR
results obtained from a laboratory conventional method (ACL
TOP700, IL, Italy).
Results: Significant correlations were observed between POCT and
laboratory PT-INR (rho = 0.96, P < 0.001, n = 288). For all determinations, the agreement analysis by using Bland Altman plot revealed
that the mean differences between POCT system and laboratory
method was: 0.05 0.4 INR (P < 0.01). The 95 limits of agreement
ranged from 0.7 to 0.85 INR (P < 0.001). Across different POCT
PT-INR ranges, the following mean differences were observed: < 2.0
INR (n = 20), 0.03 0.24 INR; 2 to 3 INR (n = 83), 0.10 0.29
INR; 3 to 4 INR (n = 83), 0.09 0.33 INR; > 4 INR (n = 102),
0.04 0.44 INR. In addition, for these different ranges significant
correlations between POCT and laboratory PT-INR were observed (at
least, P < 0.01). Regarding between-cartridge imprecision analysis, the
coefficient of variation (CV) within day was: CV=3.2%. The Integrated Quality Control for the guaranteed reliability of system did not
failed.
Conclusion: These data show that the POCT system microINR provides precise and accurate results that are significantly comparable
with plasma laboratory PT-INR.
PO072-TUE
Strenuous exercise induces a prothrombotic state that
is more pronounced in men than in women
Huskens D1,2, Roest M1, Remijn JA3, Bloemen S1,2, Konings J1,2,
Schurgers E1,2, Kremers R1,2, Kelchtermans H1,2, van Meel R1,
Urbanus RolfT4, Ninivaggi M1,2 and de Laat B1,2,4
1
Synapse B.V.; 2Biochemistry, MUMC, Maastricht; 3Clinical
Chemistry and Hematology, Gelre Hospitals, Apeldoorn; 4Clinical
Chemistry and Hematology, UMCU, Utrecht, the Netherlands
Background: Exercise is healthy and should be recommended. Strenuous exercise, however, enhances the risk of vascular thrombotic events
and increases the incidence of primary cardiac arrest.
Aims: To study the effects of strenuous exercise on risk factors of cardiovascular disease.
Methods: 93 healthy volunteers who participated in a cycling tour were
tested before and directly after the race. Coagulation was tested by
measuring thrombin generation in platelet poor plasma, platelet rich
plasma and in whole blood and by measuring the levels of FVII, active
FVII, FVIII, antithrombin, Protein C and S. Platelet reactivity in
whole blood was tested by quantifying P-selectin expression and binding of fibrinogen to activated aIIbb3 after platelet activation by GPVI,
PAR-1, PAR-4, P2Y12 agonists. The levels of fibrinogen and D-dimer
were determined to study the effect on fibrin formation and the levels
of VWF and active VWF to verify endothelium activation. The effect
of exercise on the immune system was determined by measuring the
concentration of 27 cytokines. In addition, the level of troponin T was
determined.
Results: Strenuous exercise has a pro-coagulant effect. FVIII and
active FVII increased while FVII zymogen, protein C and S decreased.
Considering thrombin generation, a shortening of the lag time and
time to peak and an increased velocity index was detected. The
decreased fibrinogen and increased D-dimer levels indicated fibrin formation. Platelet reactivity increased; an effect that was more pronounced in men than in women. Exercise activated the endothelium
and the immune system as indicated by elevated levels of VWF and
active VWF, and elevated concentrations of IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, RANTES and PDGF, respectively. Finally, after strenuous exercise the level
of troponin T was severely increased.
Conclusion: Strenuous exercise triggers a hypercoaguable state, platelet
hyperreactivity, activation of the endothelium and the immune system,
and troponin T release.
PO073-TUE
Whole blood platelet activity measurements
multiplexed with quantitative fibrinogen, clot time and
fibrinolysis measurements by T2MR
Smith R, Papkov V, Andre P, Yerov O, Ritterhaus C and Lowery T
T2 Biosystems, Lexington, MA, USA
Background: There is a clinical need for a global hemostasis diagnostic
that can identify coaguable conditions and correlate with laboratory
gold standards for clot time, fibrinogen, platelet activity, and fibrinolysis measurements. T2 magnetic resonance (T2MR) technology enables
monitoring of the physical states of blood during coagulation for
determination of these factors.
Aims: Here we expand T2MR hemostasis to a multiplexed panel and
evaluate its performance for measuring clot time, fibrinogen, platelet
function and fibrinolysis compared to gold standard laboratory methods.
Methods: 20 lL samples of citrated whole blood were activated by (i)
tissue factor (TF) or (ii) ellagic acid (EA) reagents. A range of clot
times (CT) were produced by spiking in Rivaroxaban. A range of
ABSTRACTS
fibrinogen levels were produced using blood cells that were reconstituted with fibrinogen-depleted plasma spiked with fibrinogen. Platelet
activity studies utilized titrations of the platelet inhibitor ReoPro.
Fibrinolysis was induced by addition of varying amounts of tissue
plasminogen activator (tPA). Reference values were obtained using
Stago ST4, Chrono-Log and Thromboelastography.
Results: Activated blood samples produced T2MR signals that correlated to each diagnostic result from the respective comparative
method. T2MR was able to detect a range of CTs with both TF and
EA reagents with a precision of < 5% and a correlation to plasma CT
of R2 > 0.94. T2MR detected 100600 mg dL1 fibrinogen with a correlation to Clauss measured plasma fibrinogen of R2 > 0.95. T2MR
reported platelet activity that titrated with the platelet inhibitor ReoPro. T2MR detected clot contraction and subsequent clot lysis with
the addition of tPA to the sample.
Conclusion: These studies show that T2MR detects a range of clinically
valuable parameters associated with the hemostatic condition of a
blood sample that correlate with gold-standard methods. Providing
these measurements could impact patient management by providing
rapid, comprehensive coagulation data.
PO074-TUE
Variability in normal ranges of thrombin generation
between laboratories is wide and dependent on test
methodology
Kaur H, Tan CW, Wong WH, Linn YC and Ng HJ
Department of Haematology, Singapore General Hospital,
Singapore City, Singapore
Background: Thrombin generation (TG) assay is a method of assessing
global hemostatic function. There is currently limited data on normal
ranges of TG.
Aims: This study aims to determine normal ranges for TG using Calibrated Automated Thrombogram (CAT, Stago, France) and compare
results to data from other studies.
Methods: Methods used are in accordance with manufacturer recommendations. Blood samples were collected and double centrifuged at
room temperature for 5 min at 2000 g, followed by 10 min at 9400 g
to obtain platelet-poor-plasma (PPP). PPP is quick-frozen and stored
at 80C until tested for TG. TG is analysed using CAT to generate
lag time (LT), peak thrombin generation, time to peak thrombin generation (ttpeak) and endogenous thrombin potential (ETP). Data is
analysed using ThrombinoscopeTM software (Thrombinoscope BV,
Maastricht, the Netherlands).
Results: 74 healthy subjects (85% ethnic Chinese, 5% Malays, 4%
Indians, 6% others) participated. The median values and 5th to 95th
percentile ranges for LT, peak thrombin generation, ttpeak and ETP
in the subjects were 2.500 (1.7203.245) min, 277.60 (223.53353.63)
nmol L1, 5.00 (4.136.50) min and 1323 (10661676) nmol L1 per
min. This differs substantially from a Chinese study whose results
ranges were 2.4654.825 min, 291.92441.59 nmol L1, 4.341
8.443 min and 17942840 nmol L1 per min respectively. A Caucasian study reported similar ranges of 2.474.97 min, 325.6
498.5 nmol L1, 4.437.53 min and 14752368 nmol L1 per min
respectively. Different methods were used in all 3 studies. The Chinese
study used a double centrifugation at 2500 g for 15 min to obtain PPP
while the Caucasian study used a double centrifugation at 2000 g for
10 min.
Conclusion: There is marked variability in normal ranges established
by laboratories using different methodologies and test subjects, highlighting the need for a common standard and importance of individual
laboratories establishing their own normal TG ranges.
535
PO075-TUE
Resistance to thrombomodulin but not to activated
protein C in cirrhotic patients
Sinegre T1, Duron C2, Marques-Verdier A1, Lamblin G2,
Sapin A-F1, Abergel A2 and Lebreton A1
1
Service dH
ematologie biologique; 2Service dH
epatologie, CHU
Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France
Background: Cirrhotic patients have an impairment of haemostasis
and are exposed to both thrombotic/bleeding events. Thrombin generation assay (TGA) could be informative to evaluate the coagulation
step. Studies using thrombomodulin (TM) demonstrated a resistance
to TM. However, different mechanisms such as PC deficiency may be
involved in this resistance. The use of activated protein C (aPC) can
by-pass the PC deficiency.
Aims: The aim was to compare the TGA with TM or aPC in cirrhotic
patients and controls.
Methods: Patients with confirmed cirrhosis (free of hepatocellular carcinoma, thromboembolic event, familial history of thromboembolism
or thrombophilia and not anticoagulated) were prospectively included.
Blood sampling was realized at least two month after an infectious or
inflammatory complication. TGA (triplicate) were performed in the
presence/absence of TM (4 nM) or aPC (1 nM). Coagulation was initiated by 5 pM of tissue factor with 4 lM of phospholipids. Results
were expressed as ratios with/without TM or aPC, after normalization
by a standard plasma.
Results: Thirty seven Child A, 18 B, 4 C and 26 controls were enrolled.
Comparatively to controls, PC and protein S levels were decreased and
FVIII level and FVIII/PC ratio were increased in cirrhotic patients.
ETP ratios with TM were statistically different between controls vs.
Child A (P < 0.01), controls vs. Child B (P < 0.001) and controls vs.
Child C (P < 0.01). Peak height ratio with TM were statistically different between controls vs. Child A (P < 0.01), controls vs. Child B
(P < 0.001) and controls vs. Child C (P < 0.01). All these significant
differences disappear with aPC, suggesting that the resistance to the
TM is due, at least partially, to the acquired deficiency in PC.
Conclusion: The main finding of this study is that PC deficiency
actively participates to the TM resistance in cirrhotic patients. Further studies are needed to evaluate the involvement of the FVIII
increase in this resistance and the association between TGA and
thrombotic events.
PO076-TUE
Hypercoagulability and high residual platelet reactivity
in ACS patients on dual antiplatelet therapy
Paniccia R1, Marcucci R1, Attanasio M1, Grifoni E1, Priora R2,
Ahmed Y1, Giglioli C2, Abbate R3 and Gensini GF3,4
1
2
Careggi Hospital; 3University of Florence; 4Don Carlo Gnocchi
Foundation, Florence, Italy
Background: It is recognized that patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) on treatment with dual antiplatelet therapy (aspirin +
clopidogrel or prasugrel) might present a high residual platelet reactivity (RPR). As platelet activation and clotting activation influence each
other, the occurrence of hypercoagulability in ACS patients might play
a role in the low responsiveness to these antiplatelet agents.
Aims: This study was aimed to investigate the presence or not of a state
of hypercoagulability in ACS patients undergone Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) on dual antiplatelet therapy by using thrombin generation test and thromboelastographic analysis.
Methods: Citrated whole blood was taken from 72 patients 4872 h
after PCI. Light transmission platelet aggregometry (LTA) in plateletrich plasma induced by 10 lmol L1 ADP and 1 mmol L1 arachi-
536
ABSTRACTS
donic acid (AA), thrombin generation test by Calibrated Automated

Thrombogram (CAT, Stago, France) in platelet-poor plasma and
rotational thromboelastography analysis (thromboelastometry) by
using ROTEM device (TEM Int, Germany) in whole blood were performed. RPR was defined in the presence of LTA 70% (ADP stimulus) and 20% (AA stimulus).
Results: Patients showing RPR were 32/72. For CAT assessment, the
parameters of thrombin generation were significantly higher and faster
respect to those of patients without RPR: ETP,+16%; Peak,+24%;
Velindex,+38%; TTPeak-11% (at least, P < 0.01). For ROTEM
analysis enhanced fibrin formation (CFT,+11%, MaxVel,+18%, MaxVelT,-5% and AUC,+5%) and a high global elasticity and dynamic
formation of clot (G,+20%; TPI,+44%) were observed (at least,
P < 0.01).
Conclusion: These results suggest that in ACS patients a state of blood
clotting activation might be related to high RPR. Hence, alternative
approaches might be useful to optimize different therapies in ACS
patients.
PO077-TUE
Emergency assessement of patients in DOACs: the role
of point-of-care testing
Carraro P1, Afshar H1, Jose SP2, Zoppellaro G2, Denas G2,
Miolo M1, Nante G3, Plebani M4 and Pengo V2
1
Laboratory Medicine, Ospedale SantAntonio, Padova;
2
Cardiology Clinic; 3Geriatric Clinic, University Hospital of
Padua, Padua; 4Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of
Padua, Padova, Italy
Background: Despite not necessitating routine monitoring, the measurement of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) activity is of imperative importance in emergency conditions. Specific laboratory tests are
emerging but they are time consuming and not readily available.
Point-of-Care Tests (POCT) may bridge this gap and be used as a bedside solution.
Aims: To this end, we evaluated the feasibility of POCT in correlating
Activated Coagulation Time (ACT) and INR with plasma levels Dabigatran and Rivaroxaban, to identify subjects at low bleeding risk
(Dabigatran < 50 ng mL1 and Rivaroxaban < 60 ng mL1) and
those at high bleeding risk (> 200 or > 250 ng mL1, respectively).
Methods: ACT and INR (ACT-LR Cremascoli&Iris, Milan, Italy;
INR Coaguchek XS pro, Roche Diagnostics, Monza, Italy) were measured in 69 consecutive patients with atrial fibrillation: 42 treated with
dabigatran and 27 with rivaroxaban. Measurements were performed
at peak (2 h after drug administration) and at trough (12 and 24 h
after last dose). The results were compared with the specific tests
diluted Thrombin Time (Dabigatran) and anti-Xa activity (Rivaroxaban).
Results: We noted a good test-drug level correlation. Correlation coefficients were 0.84 for ACT and 0.76 for INR (dabigatran 84 and rivaroxaban 54 determinations). Cut off values with the best performances
to identify low and high bleeding risk patients according to the pre set
drug concentrations, were 175 and 220 s for ACT (Dabigatran) and
1.15 and 1.35 INR (for Rivaroxaban). None of the patients treated
with dabigatran, irrespective of the drug concentration, had levels of
ACT < 150 s, considered the maximum reference level in the absence
of anticoagulants.
Conclusion: In emergency situations, when other tests are not readily
or timely available, ACT and INR using POCT give useful bedside
information about the anticoagulation status of the patient.
PO078-TUE
Evaluating dabigatran and its specific reversal with
idarucizumab using a fully automated
thrombelastograph TEG6s
Zaman F1, Doubleday M1, Grottke O2 and Ryn JV3
1
R&D, Haemonetics Corporation, Rosemont, USA; 2Department
of Anesthesiology, RWTH University Clinic, Aachen; 3Boehringer
Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co, Biberach, Germany
Background: New oral anticoagulants (OAC) do not require routine
monitoring however measuring drug levels may be needed in clinical
situations such as trauma and emergent surgery. Clinical or laboratory
whole blood point of care assays are not established for dabigatran.
Thrombelastography (TEG) has shown promising results in detecting
dabigatran through changes in hemostatic parameters.
Aims: This study evaluated the effect of dabigatran and its specific
reversal agent with the next generation fully automated TEG6S system.
Methods: The TEG6S system (Haemonetics Corp., Braintree, MA) is
based on viscoelasticity measurements using resonance frequency and
disposable multi-channel microfluidic cartridges. Blood and plasma
from healthy volunteers were spiked with increasing concentrations of
dabigatran and tested with an OAC cartridge with an ecarin-based,
direct thrombin inhibitor (DTI) channel. This channel was also evaluated with porcine plasma from an experimental trauma model (n = 6),
measuring dabigatran pre and post trauma and after dosing with idarucizumab. Dabigatran levels were measured with dilute TT (Hemoclot). TEG 6s R-time (reaction time) was correlated to the drug
levels.
Results: In vitro: R-time was highly correlated with dabigatran levels in
whole blood (r2 > 0.95). Significant correlation was also observed in
plasma (r2 > 0.6).
Trauma model: R-time was significantly correlated with dabigatran
plasma levels (r2 = 0.7). R-time at baseline was (3.4 0.6 min, n = 4).
Following dabigatran administration, significant elongation of R-time
was observed pre and post trauma with R-times 21 5.9 min.
Administration of idarucizumab returned R-time to baseline
(3.6 0.6 min).
Conclusion: TEG 6s has the potential to measure the effect of dabigatran on the hemostasis system effectively in whole blood as well as
plasma in a clinical setting. This novel technology is fully automated
and can provide clinically relevant results with whole blood in as little
as 5 min.
Disclosure of Interest: F. Zaman Employee of: Haemonetics Corporation, M. Doubleday Employee of: Haemonetics Corporation, O. Grottke Grant/Research Support from: Novo Nordisk, Biotest, CSL
Behring, Boehringer Ingelheim, Nycomed, Consultant for: Bayer
healthcare, Boehringer ingelheim, CSL Behring, Portola, J. Van Ryn
Employee of: Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co.
PO079-TUE
Effect of the residual platelet count on different
coagulation parameters in freeze-thaw plasma samples
at 20 C
Adamczuk Y1, de Vega S1, Pagano M1, Viola M1, Lamas MA1,
Lumelsky G1, Brizuela M1 and Zerdiew A2
1
Hemostasia Laboratorio central; 2Laboratorio Central, Hospital
, Buenos Aires, Argentina
General de Agudos Dr. Enrique Tornu
Background: Coagulation testing needs precise centrifugation conditions. CLSI recommends 1500 g as gold standard. Many centrifuges
only have settings for speed (RPM), so calculation of centrifugal force
and control of plasma residual platelets seems important.
ABSTRACTS
Aims: To evaluate the influence of residual platelets on Prothrombin
Time (PT), Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT),FV,FVIII
and FIX measured in fresh and postfreeze-thaw plasma samples after
15 days at 20 C.
Methods: Blood was collected from 11 healthy donors. Different tubes
were centrifuged 10 min at [RPM (g)]: 3000(1600), 1500 (400) and
1000 (200). After centrifugation, plasmas were separated in 2 aliquots:
one processed within 4 h (fresh) and the other frozen at 20 C for
15 days (stored). Platelets counts were assessed in all aliquots.
Results: In fresh samples platelet counts centrifuged at 1600 g were significantly lower than at 400 and 200 g. In samples centrifuged at 400
and 200 g platelet counts decreased in post freeze-thaw samples compared to fresh (P = 0.03)due to the breakdown of them during freezing
cycle.
Residual platelets in fresh samples after 400 or 200 vs. 1600 g centrifugation, did not affect the parameters except a slight APTT shortening
(P = 0.04).
Coagulation results in fresh and stored plasmas centrifuged at 1600 g
did not change.
In postfreeze-thaw plasma (400 vs. 1600 g), we observed PT
(P = 0.008) and APTT (P = 0.018) prolongations, lower levels of
FVIII (P = 0.008) and FIX (P = 0.004), with a tendency of lower FV
(P = 0.089). Comparing postfreeze-thaw plasmas obtained at 200 vs.
1600 g, we observed prolongation of PT (P = 0.011) and lower levels
of FV (P = 0.006), with a tendency in FVIII.
As the speed of centrifugation decrease and more residual platelets
are, clotting factors decrease causing prolongations of PT and APTT
in postfreeze-thaw plasmas.
Conclusion: Centrifugation at 1600 g for 10 min is suitable for plasma
processing fresh or postfreeze-thaw after for 15 days at 20 C.
PO080-TUE
Correlation to FVIII:C in two thrombin generation
assays: TGA CAT and innovance ETP
m M3, Antovic J4,
Ljungqvist M1, Berndtsson M2, Holmstro
Berntorp E1, Micovic D5, Elezovic I6 and Zetterberg E1
1
Translational Medicine, Sk
ane University Hospital, Lund
; 2Department of Clinical Chemistry;
University, Malmo
3
Coagulation Unit, Haematology Centre; 4Coagulation Research,
Institute for Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska
University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; 5Haemostasis
Department and Haemophilia Centre, Blood Transfusion Institute
of Serbia; 6Clinic of Haematology, Clinical Centre of Serbia &
Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
Background: Several thrombin generation tests are available but few
have been directly compared. A considerable inter-lab variation within
the same method has also been observed.
Aims: To investigate the correlation of two thrombin generation tests
(TGT), thrombin generation assay-calibrated automated thrombogram (TGA-CAT) and INNOVANCE ETP, to FVIII: C in a group of
patients with hemophilia A. A secondary aim was to investigate interlab variation within the TGA-CAT method.
Methods: Blood samples were taken from 45 patients with mild, moderate and severe hemophilia A. The laboratory analyses were performed at Center for Coagulation, Sk
ane University hospital, Malm
o,
Sweden and Department of Clinical Chemistry, Karolinska University
hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. The TGA-CAT method was performed
at both centers while the INNOVANCE ETP was only performed at
the Stockholm center. Correlation between parameters was evaluated
using Spearman0 s rank correlation test. For determination of the
TGA-CAT inter-lab variability Bland-Altman, 45 degree scatter plot
and frequency plot were used.
537
Results: Correlation between the TGA-CAT parameter ETP and the

INNOVANCE ETP was poor (R = 0.546). When FVIII concentrations were grouped as severe, moderate and mild hemophilia and plotted against ETP values a considerable overlap between the groups was
seen with both assays. Correlation of ETP to FVIII: C was similar
between the two methods (0.734 and 0.701 respectively). The variability of the TGA-CAT results performed at the two centers was reduced
after normalization (before normalization only 29% of values showed
less than 10% difference, while after normalization the number
increased to 41%).
Conclusion: The parameter ETP of the two TGT: s correlated poorly
to each other but showed a comparable correlation to FVIII:C. Normalization with normal plasma reduced the inter-lab variation in the
TGA-CAT method, but remained at high levels. Further improvement
of standardization of these methods is warranted.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Ljungqvist: None Declared, M. Berndtsson:
None Declared, M. Holmstr
om: None Declared, J. Antovic Grant/
Research Support from: Baxter, Speaker Bureau of: Baxter, NovoNordisk, Siemens, Stago., E. Berntorp Grant/Research Support from:
Baxter, D. Micovic: None Declared, I. Elezovic: None Declared, E.
Zetterberg Grant/Research Support from: Pfizer
PO081-TUE
Influence of various concentrations of anticoagulants
on the thrombodynamics assay: an in vitro study
Flament G, Rozen L, Derdabi S and Demulder A
Hematology/Hemostasis Iris-Lab, CHU Brugmann, Brussels,
Belgium
Background: The impact of new anticoagulants on classical coagulation tests is poorly related to their dosage. Global hemostasis assays as
the new Thrombodynamics assay allows real-time visualization of in vitro clot growth from the surface of tissue factor.
Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of different anticoagulants (LMWH, dabigatran, apixaban and rivaroxaban) on
Thrombodynamics assay (TD) in comparison to Thrombin Generation (TG) and routine coagulation tests.
Methods: 34 plasma samples were evaluated in parallel using TD, TG
and routine coagulation tests: 10 plasmas of normal subjects and 24
plasmas spiked with various concentrations of different anticoagulants. Sensitivity of coagulation tests to anticoagulants was established
using the concentration of each drug needed to double or halve the
basal value for each parameter (C/2 or 2C).
Results: LMWH: Highest sensitive parameters were Velocity (Vel),
Endogenous Thrombin Potential (ETP) and Peak (P) of TG 1pM and
Vel of TD for heparin concentrations between 0.19 UI mL1 and 0.25
UI mL1. TG curves using 5pM showed a nice dose-response relationship with increasing LMWH concentrations. Apixaban: The most sensitive parameter was the Vel in TG 5pM with a C/2 of 46 ng mL1
while in TD Lag Time (Tlag) doubled with C2 of 170 ng mL1. Rivaroxaban: Most sensitive parameters were Tlag, Vel, Time to Peak
(TTP) and P of TG 1pM for heparin concentrations between 31 and
50 ng mL1 and Tlag of TD with C/2 of 34 ng m1. TG curves using
5 pM showed a doseeffect relationship with increasing concentrations
of rivaroxaban. Dabigatran: Tlag of TD doubled for a concentration
of 42 ng mL1, and Thrombin Time (TT) in routine test for a very
similar concentration of 55 ng mL1.
Conclusion: Our data showed that TG 5pM offered the best dose-effect
response to increasing concentrations of anticoagulants. In this particular application, TD didnt offer any benefit compared to TG neither
improved the understanding of the mechanism of action of each drug.
538
ABSTRACTS
PO082-TUE
Overall hemostatic potential assay is sensitive to
different plasma freezing techniques
Bozic-Mijovski M and Ulaga B
Vascular Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana,
Ljubljana, Slovenia
Background: Plasma sample freezing is routinely performed in coagulation laboratories, but freezing techniques are not standardized. Global assays, such as overall hemostatic potential (OHP), that can
reliably detect hyper- and hypocoagulable states, may be particularly
sensitive to preanalytical conditions, such as freezing.
Aims: To test the influence on OHP of three commonly used freezing
techniques.
Methods: Citrated plasma samples (n = 92) were aliquoted and frozen
in three different ways: the first aliquot was put directly into freezer at
20 C, the second was put directly into freezer at 70 C, and the
third was snap frozen in liquid nitrogen and then stored at 70 C.
After 43 2 days samples were thawed (5 min at 37 C), thoroughly
mixed and analyzed. OHP with overall coagulation potential (OCP)
and overall fibrinolytic potential (OFP) as supplementary parameters
was determined spectrophotometrically by repeated fibrin formation
and degradation registration in two parallel plasma samples. To the
first sample thrombin was added (OCP) and to the second sample both
thrombin and tissue-type plasminogen activator (OHP) were added.
OFP was calculated as [(OCPOHP)/OCP] 9 100 (%). Repeated
measures ANOVA was calculated with the Bonferronis multiple comparison test.
Results: OHP (17.6 9.4 Abs-sum) and OCP (27.4 9.8 Abs-sum)
of 20 C plasma were significantly lower compared to 70 C
plasma (18.5 9.5 and 29.3 9.4 Abs-sum, respectively) and liquid
nitrogen plasma (18.2 9.5 and 28.8 9.7 Abs-sum, respectively, all
P < 0.001), while no effect of snap freezing in liquid nitrogen was
noted compared to freezing directly at 70 C. Different freezing techniques had no effect on OFP.
Conclusion: Our study showed significantly lower OHP and OCP in
samples stored at 20 C. On the other hand, snap freezing in liquid
nitrogen was redundant when samples were stored at 70 C. Different freezing techniques should be taken into account when interpreting
OHP results.
PO083-TUE
Defining the reference range for blood clot gel point
and fractal dimension
Dsilva L1, Alikhan R2, Stanford S1, Sabraa A1, Lawrence M1,
Williams R3 and Evans PA1
1
College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea;
2
Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, University Hospital of
Wales, Cardiff; 3College of Engineering, Swansea University,
Swansea, UK
Background: A rheological method has been developed to determine
the viscoelastic properties of the incipient blood clot, allowing measurement of biomarkers: fractal dimension (Df) and clot formation
time (TGP) calculated from the gel point. Elevated levels of these biomarkers have previously been described in patients with acute venous
and arterial thrombotic events and similarly, in vitro modelling suggests reduced biomarker levels in the presence of haemostatic failure.
Aims: The potential role for these biomarkers to predict the risk of
thrombotic events or haemostatic failure is limited by the lack of a
defined normal level in adults with no concurrent illness and there is a
clear need to define a healthy index for these parameters.
Methods: Healthy adult volunteers identified with no personal/family
history of bleeding or thrombotic disorder; no acute/chronic infective,
inflammatory or malignant condition; no renal/liver dysfunction and

no anticoagulant or antiplatelet medication. Standard kinetic haemostasis markers (PT, APTT, fibrinogen) were measured. In addition
whole blood was loaded into a double-gap concentric cylinder of a TA
instruments AR-G2 controlled-stress rheometer, to measure TGP and
Df.
Results: We tested 141 healthy volunteers, age 2194 (67 males, mean
age 54 21 years, 74 females, mean age 51 19 years). There was
correlation between age and fibrinogen (r = 0.44, P = 0.0005), but no
correlation between age and the biomarkers (TGP and Df). Similarly
there was no correlation between PT, APTT, fibrinogen and the biomarkers. The fractal dimension for healthy blood was 1.73 (95% CI:
1.721.74).
Conclusion: A fractal dimension of 1.7 is reproducibly displayed in nature from snowflakes to bacterial reproduction. We describe for the first
time a healthy index for blood fractal dimension, which can be used as
a point of reference in future viscoelastic biomarker studies exploring
haemostasis failure or predicting arterial/venous thrombosis risk.
Disclosure of Interest: L. Dsilva: None Declared, R. Alikhan: None
Declared, S. Stanford: None Declared, A. Sabraa: None Declared, M.
Lawrence: None Declared, R. Williams Grant/Research Support
from: NISCHR Research BRO1 Grant, P. Evans Grant/Research
Support from: NISCHR Research BRO1 Grant
PO084-TUE
Effect of hypothermia and hemodilution on clotting
activation: rotational thromboelastometry analysis in
an artificial environment from healthy subjects
Boraso S1, Gagliardi G1, Agnoli A1, Bettin C1, Carraro P2,
Afshar H2, Lembo G3, Prisco D3 and Paniccia R3
1
Intensive Care Unit; 2Clinical Pathology Laboratory,
SantAntonio Hospital, Padua; 3Experimental and Clinical
Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
Background: Moderate accidental hypothermia and hemodilution are
common finding in bleeding patients.
Aims: This study was aimed to evaluate single and combined effect of
the hemodilution and hypothermia (34 C) on clot formation in vitro
by using the rotational thromboelastometry by ROTEM device (TEM
Int, Germany).
Methods: Citrated whole blood was taken from 11 healthy volunteers.
Forty-four samples were obtained that were split into 4 blocks: undiluted and diluted (50% Ringer lactate) analyzed at 37 C and undiluted and diluted (50% Ringer lactate) analyzed at 34 C. After
dilution, normal values of pH and electrolytes (especially Ca++) were
verified by hemogasanalysis. To investigate the effect of hypothermia,
samples were incubated in a water tank for 40 min at 34 C. For ROTEM analysis INTEM test (intrinsic activation), EXTEM test (extrinsic activation) and FIBTEM test (extrinsic pathway activation without
the contribution of platelets) were performed. For each test the following parameters were recorded: CT (clotting time), CFT (clot formation
time), aA (a-angle), MCF (maximum clot formation), ML (maximum
lysis).
Results: By itself hypothermia significantly impaired CFT (80 15 s,
P < 0.0001); aA (75 3 C, P = 0.006) in INTEM test; CFT
(96 34 s, P = 0.02), aA (71 6 C, P = 0.005) in EXTEM test.
Hemodilution affected CFT (175 42 s, P < 0.0001), aA (65 6 C,
P < 0.0001), MCF (48 5 mm, P < 0.0001) in INTEM test; CFT
(133 30 s, P = 0.0002), aA (68 7 C, P = 0.002), MCF
(47 7 mm P < 0.0001) in EXTEM test; CT (72 26 s, P = 0.02),
MCF (7 2 mm, P = 0.0002) in FIBTEM test. Considering the hemodilution/hypothermia interactions, CFT was found prolonged in
INTEM (P = 0.02).
Conclusion: The variables considered significantly influence clot formation but by different ways. The hypothermia would act slowing the
ABSTRACTS
kinetics of clot formation, hemodilution affects stability firmness and
strength of clot. Hemodilution/hypothermia interactions produce a
slowdown in the kinetics of the formation of a stable clot.
PO085-TUE
Test specific assessment of effects of haemolysis on
citrated blood samples using Sysmex CS series
analysers
Woolley A1, Tabuchi Y2 and Kitchen S1
1
Coagulation, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK;
2
Product Development Group, Sysmex, Kobe, Japan
Background: Haemolysis during blood sample collection and processing is a frequent occurrence in citrated blood samples which can significantly alter results of some clotting tests making detection and
rejection an important requirement to ensure patient safety. Haemolysis in samples is automatically detected by some Sysmex CS series
analysers with user definable alert flags using a scale of 1 to 5 indicating increasing levels of haemoglobin (Hb) in plasma
Aims: To assess test specific thresholds for effects of haemolysis on
clotting tests.
Methods: Freeze thaw lysed red cells were added to plasma to establish
the level of free Hb required to generate flags of 1 to 5. Rejected haemolysed patient samples (n = 20) were analysed alongside matched samples from the same subjects collected within 4 h of the reject sample
and which lacked detectable haemolysis. In addition a series of plasma
pools were spiked with haemoglobin. The flag level required to alert
when a test result was altered by > 10% (Antithrombin, Protein C) or
> 15% (other tests) as a consequence of haemolysis was assessed for a
series of tests. All reagents were from Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics.
Results: The level of haemoglobin causing > 15% changes was different in spiked samples compared to genuine patient samples for some
tests. DDimer FXIII and APTT were more tolerant of haemolysis in
spiked samples. Taking all data into account the following flag levels
were required to ensure < 15% change in results (< 10% for AT,PC)
with equivalent plasma Hb in brackets: level 5 (> 300 mg dL1) PT
(Thromborel S, Clauss Fib, TCT); level 4 (240300 mg dL1) PT (Innovin), PC; level 3 (180240 mg dL1) AT; Level 1 (40
120 mg dL1) APTT (Actin FS, Actin FSL), FXIII, DDimer
Conclusion: The level of haemolysis causing clinically important
changes is test specific so test specific thresholds should be used to
assess patient samples which have been haemolysed during collection/
processing. Assessment of haemolysis interference should include
patient samples.
Disclosure of interest: A. Woolley: None Declared, Y. Tabuchi
Employee of: Sysmex, S. Kitchen Speaker Bureau of: Sysmex
PO086-TUE
Province wide implementation of the thrombin time for
qualitative assessment of dabigatran clearance
Szkotak A1,2, Clarke G3, Vandergouwe L4 and Stang L2
1
Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta
Hospital; 2Laboratory Services, Alberta Health Services;
3
Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta,
Edmonton; 4Laboratory Services, Alberta Health Services,
Lethbridge, Canada
Background: The PT and PTT are too insensitive to dabigatran to be
useful in assessing for drug clearance. Conversely, specialized testing is
often impractical or has too long of a turn-around time (TAT). Stroke
patients on dabigatran are paradigmatic of the problem as testing must
539
be both sensitive to the drug and have a rapid TAT in order to guide
therapy.
Aims: To evaluate whether Thrombin Time (TT) could be implemented at all stroke management sites in Alberta (Canada) with a 1 h
TAT that would: (i) reliably differentiate dabigatran levels
> 30 ng mL1; (ii) demonstrate sufficient inter-lab and lot consistency
to allow standardization.
Methods: Initially, each lab validated its own TT assay for general use.
This was followed by a single point dabigatran calibration. Given that
the TT can be shortened by high fibrinogen levels, we used 10 normal
patient plasma samples spiked in vitro with 20 ng mL1 of drug per
analyzer tested. A TT cut-off was calculated for each reagent-analyzer
peer group as the pooled mean-2*SD rounded to the nearest 5 s. Each
lab was then sent two External Quality Assurance (EQA) samples prepared from a variety of patient plasmas with normal INR, PTT and
TT but high fibrinogen (5.08.9 g L1), spiked with 35 ng mL1 of
drug.
Results: There were 23 labs with 33 analyzers, all of which implemented the TT. Cut-off values were established as follows (a=analyzers, L=reagent lot #s tested): Diagnostica Stago reagent on STA-R
(a = 2, L = 2) or Compact (a = 3, L = 1) = 40 s; Siemens Test
Thrombin on Sysmex CA-Series (a = 10, L = 6) = 35 s; IL Hemosil
(5 mL) reagent on ACL TOP series (a = 8, L = 2) = 35 s; IL Hemosil
reagent on ACL Elite Pro (a = 7, L = 2) or ACL 1000 (a = 3, L = 2) =
30 s. All EQA samples (n = 60) gave a TT result above the cut-off. In
contrast, only 54% (n = 52) gave an abnormal PTT. Inter-lab/lot variation was low.
Conclusion: A single point calibrated TT can be used to qualitatively
assess for dabigatran clearance using a variety of reagents/analyzers.
Disclosure of Interest: A. Szkotak Grant/Research Support from: Alexion Pharmaceuticals, G. Clarke: None Declared, L. Vandergouwe:
None Declared, L. Stang: None Declared
PO087-TUE
Effects of rivaroxaban on PT and APTT as determined
with a full range of reagents: results of a UK NEQAS
blood coagulation exercise
Kitchen S1, Jennings I1, Jones R2, Kitchen D1, Woods T1 and
Walker I1
1
UK NEQAS Blood Coagulation; 2Coagulation, Royal Hallamshire
Hospital, Sheffield, UK
Background: PT and APTT reagents vary in their sensitivity to rivaroxaban. Guidelines recommend that laboratories should be aware of
the sensitivity of their coagulation screening tests to the presence of
rivaroxaban. Data are needed on the full range of PT/APTT reagents
in routine use.
Aims: To assess the effects of a range of rivaroxaban concentrations
encompassing peak/trough/accumulation levels on prothrombin time
(PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) as determined
by all reagents in use by participants in UK NEQAS Blood coagulation
Methods: The same pooled normal plasma was spiked with 0, 29,
121,346 and 734 ng mL1 rivaroxaban (provided by Bayer), lyophilised in 1 mL aliquots and despatched to PT/APTT participants in the
UK National external Quality Assessment Scheme (NEQAS) for
Blood Coagulation. Rivaroxaban concentrations were determined by
anti Xa/mass spectrometry. The median PT or APTT ratio for each
reagent group was calculated (test/mid point normal range). Results
were received from > 600 centres (~60% UK and 40% non UK)
Results: 20 different PT and 18 different APTT reagents were used.The
sample containing no rivaroxaban had normal PT and APTT as
expected.PT Results
29 ng mL1 all reagent medians normal or near normal;
121 ng mL1 all medians prolonged (range 1.251.81); 346 ng mL1
540
ABSTRACTS
range 1.502.97; 734 ng mL1 range 2.075.45. Innovin and Thromborel S were the least sensitive reagents. Neoplastin R was the most
sensitive. APTT Results
29 ng mL1 some medians were normal and others prolonged
range1.08 1.33; 121 ng mL1 all medians prolonged, range 1.33
1.67; 346 ng mL1 range 1.632.10; 734 ng mL1 range 2.162.94.
Conclusion: A concentration of 121 ng mL1 (below average expected
peak levels) prolonged PT and APTT with all reagents. Prolongation
of APTT and especially PT by higher rivaroxaban concentrations varied markedly between reagents so interpretation of PT and APTT
results in the presence of rivaroxaban must take account of the
reagents used.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Kitchen Speaker Bureau of: Bayer, I. Jennings: None Declared, R. Jones: None Declared, D. Kitchen: None
Declared, T. Woods: None Declared, I. Walker: None Declared
PO088-TUE
A novel plasma-based Factor Xa generation assay
defines interaction between FVIIIA and each
component of XASE complex in mild hemophilia A.
Kamiya N, Yada K, Shima M and Nogami K
Background: In mild/moderate hamophilia A (MHA), FVIII activity
(FVIII:C) by one-stage assay may not evaluate the actual hemostatic
potential of innate FVIII(a). We focused on FXa generation (XaG)
following to the formation of FVIIIa/FIXa/FX on the phospholipid
(PL) as reprensentative of hemostatic function of FVIIIa. We reported
MHA cases carrying such F8 mutation(s) as p.T693I impairing the
FIXa association (ISTH2013), p.R1800H enhancing the FX association (TH2013) and p.R612C with attenuated PL binding (ASH2014).
Aims: We attempted to establish a plasma-based XaG assay to determine the clinical severity and its mechanism caused MHA.
Methods: XaG assay was performed using plasmas initiated by thrombin (0.01 nM) with FIXa (05 nM), FX (0200 nM), PL (0114 lM)
and S-2765. The standard plasmas consisting of FVIII-deficient
plasma and serially diluted rFVIII (0.2100 IU dL1) were prepared.
Each XaG value was evaluated by Michaelis-Menten kinetics equation.
Results: XaG in PNP was equivalent to that of FVIII 100 IU dL1,
whilst XaG in FVIII deficient plasma from severe HA was not
detected (sensitivity 0.2100 IU dL1). XaG was examined in 5 cases
with MHA carrying p.T693I (Case 1 [FVIII:C 30 IU dL1] severe
phenotype), p.R1800H (Case 2 [4.8 IU dL1] mild, Case 3
[3.5 IU dL1] mild), and p.R612C (Case 4 [9.7 IU dL1] mild, Case 5
[5.8 IU dL1] mild). XaG in Case 25 were equal to control plasma
with same levels of FVIII:C, whilst Case 1 showed ~50% reduction of
XaG compared to control, equivalent to that of FVIII:C 10 IU dL1
in standard samples. Case 1 showed reduced affinity for FIXa (Kmapp
5 1.5 nM) compared to control (1.2 0.3 nM). Case 2, 3 facilitated
higher affinity for FX (7.2 1.3 nM) than control (24 7.3 nM), and
Case 4, 5 showed ~50% reduced affinity for PL (3.4 0.8 lM) compared to control (1.5 0.3 lM).
Conclusion: Our plasma-based XaG assay defined and quantified the
potential of interaction between FVIIIa in MHA and FIXa, FX and/
or PL. This assay will make it possible to characterize the hemostatic
function of FVIIIa in MHA.
PO089-TUE
The FVIII plasma activity of rVIII-SingleChain can be
measured in both the one-stage and chromogenic
substrate assays
St.Ledger K1, Feussner A2, Kalina U2, Horn C2, Metzner H2,
Stowers A2 and Kennedy DB1
1
CSL Behring, King of Prussia, PA, USA; 2CSL Behring, Marburg,
Germany
Background: rVIII-SingleChain is a B-domain truncated, single-chain
recombinant factor VIII molecule Activity measurements exhibit a discrepancy between the chromogenic substrate (CS) and one-stage (OS)
assay formats. PK evaluation of rVIII-SingleChain in 27 male subjects, revealed a strong linear relationship between the CS and OS
assay results, allowing for reliable interpretation of either method.
Aims: An international, multicenter, randomized and blinded field
study, designed to determine the inter-laboratory variability of measurements of both rVIII-SingleChain and Advate across assay methods was initiated.
Methods: Plasma samples were spiked at 0.04, 0.3, 0.6 and
1.0 IU mL1 for rVIII-SingleChain and Advate, blinded, and distributed to local laboratories to be assayed by the OS and CS assays.
Laboratories were instructed to follow their routine laboratory practices and use their own routine in-house FVIII standard, FVIII-deficient plasma and assay reagents. A Standard Human Plasma standard
was included in the sample kit, to allow for recalculation of results
against a common standard as well as a product specific standard.
Results: Preliminary results suggest intra and inter laboratory variability in OS assays were similar for rVIII-SingleChain and Advate. For
rVIII-SingleChain, the OS assay values underestimated target values
at all spiked concentrations. In contrast, the CS assays were closer to
the target value for rVIII-SingleChain.
Conclusion: Preliminary data shows a consistent underestimation of
rVIII-SingleChain FVIII:C when using the OS assay. Due to the consistency and reproducibility, this underestimation is predictable, suggesting that the activity of rVIII-SingleChain from patient samples can
be reliably measured with both the CS and OS assay methods. These
results support an approach to provide clinical guidance on interpretation of FVIII:C measurements when the OS assay is used for monitoring.
Disclosure of Interest: K. St.Ledger Employee of: CSL Behring, A.
Feussner Employee of: CSL Behring, U. Kalina Employee of: CSL
Behring, C. Horn Employee of: CSL Behring, H. Metzner Employee
of: CSL Behring, A. Stowers Employee of: CSL Behring, D. Bensen
Kennedy Employee of: CSL Behring.
PO090-TUE
Usefulness of coagulation screening tests for diagnosis
of coagulopathy
A, Mistretta C,
Fasulo MR, Biguzzi E, Siboni SM, Cannavo
Mancuso ME, Santagostino E and Peyvandi F
Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Haemophilia and Thrombosis Cent,
Fondazione Irccs Ca Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico,
Milan, Italy
Background: Coagulation screening tests represented by prothrombin
time (PT) and actived partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) provide
rapid but non-specific information on potential haemostatic defects
and are frequently used to diagnose a bleeding disorder.
Aims: To evaluate the utility and reliability of PT and aPTT to diagnose coagulation defects.
Methods: All patients evaluated between October 2011 and July 2014
with at least an abnormal result of PT or aPTT were enrolled. They
were investigated with the MCMDM-1 VWD bleeding questionnaire
ABSTRACTS
and by performing 1st-level screening laboratory tests (platelets count,
PT, aPTT, fibrinogen and coagulation factors functional dosages). In
patients with bleeding diathesis 2nd- and 3rd-level laboratory tests
were also performed (von Willebrand factor activity, platelet function
studies, fibrinolysis assessment and factor XIII activity).
Results: 240 patients (134 males) aged 5 months-81 years (median
18 years) were included. Sixty-five patients (27%) were referred for
evaluation of a prolonged PT, 140 (58%) for a prolonged aPTT and
35 (15%) for a prolonged PT and aPTT. A family history of bleeding
tendency was ascertained in 20 patients (8%) and a liver disease in 5
(2%). The median BS was 1 (range 3 to 21) with a significant value
( 5) detected in 26 patients (11%). An abnormal PT and/or aPTT
was confirmed in 175/240 patients (73%), with 51/175 (29%) prolonged PT, 97/175 (56%) prolonged aPTT and 27/175 (15%) prolonged PT and aPTT. A coagulation defect was diagnosed in 177/240
patients (74%) including 6 severe, 8 moderate and 150 mild deficiencies. First-level laboratory tests were able to diagnose 140/177 defects
(79%), while 2nd- and 3rd-level laboratory tests were necessary for
detecting 5/177 (3%) and 32/177 (18%) defects, respectively.
Conclusion: PT and aPTT provide general information on the presence
of an underlying coagulation defect, but our data confirm they could
miss mild abnormalities, diagnosis of von Willebrand disease and
platelet function disorder.
PO091-TUE
Bleeding symptoms or bleeding disorder? That is the
question
A, Mistretta C,
Fasulo MR, Biguzzi E, Siboni SM, Cannavo
Mancuso ME, Santagostino E and Peyvandi F
Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Haemophilia and Thrombosis Cent,
Fondazione Irccs Ca Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico,
Milan, Italy
Background: The diagnosis of underlying bleeding disorders in patients
with bleeding symptoms still represents a significant challenge.
Aims: To assess the prevalence of bleeding disorders in patients with
bleeding symptoms.
Methods: All patients referred to our Center between October 2011
and July 2014 for bleeding diathesis were enrolled. They were investigated with the MCMDM-1 VWD bleeding questionnaire and by performing 1st-level screening laboratory tests (PLTs count, PT, aPTT,
FBG and coagulation factors functional dosages). In patients with
bleeding diathesis 2nd- and 3rd-level laboratory tests were also performed (VWF activity, PLT function studies, fibrinolysis assessment
and FXIII activity). Any bleeding event that required the use of either
anti-haemorrhagic drugs or surgical haemostasis was considered as
severe.
Results: 258 patients (79 males) aged 6 months-92 years (median
39 years) were included. Family history of bleeding tendency was
ascertained in 29 patients (11%). The median BS was 3 (range 2 to
23) and the most frequent bleeding symptoms were bruising (44%),
menorrhagia (38%) and epistaxis (21%). Sixty-four patients (25%)
had a BS 5 and 105 (41%) experienced at least one severe bleeding
symptom. Overall, 5 severe and 41 mild haemostatic defects were diagnosed in 46 patients (18%) with a median BS of 4 (range 0 to 10).
Among these, 18 (39%) had a BS 5 and 27 (59%) have had at least
one severe bleeding symptom. One hundred eighty patients (70%) who
underwent all the aforementioned tests had no diagnosis of bleeding
disorders. The median BS in this group was 3 (range 2 to 18) with a
BS 5 in 34 (19%) and the presence of at least one severe bleeding
symptom in 67 (37%).
Conclusion: Our results show that the majority of patients with history
of bleeding symptoms has not necessary a hemostatic defect. In
patients with a severe bleeding diathesis further evaluation using next
541
generation sequencing might help to understand the role of novel

genes encoding for unknown proteins involved in haemostasis.
PO092-TUE
Evaluation of an automated coagulometer in a new
haemophilia care center
Arias M1, Sueldo E1, Erramouspe B1, Porsella R1, Guerrero G2,
Nascimento PD2 and Baques A2
1
Hematology Laboratory; 2Hemophilia, Unidad Asistencial Por
Mas Salud Dr. Cesar Milstein, Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos
Aires, Argentina
Background: Implementation of a new coagulometer requires a proper
validation, particularly in high complex laboratories.
Aims: To evaluate ACL TOP 300 coagulometer performance in terms
of precision and accuracy in a NHCC in Argentina.
Methods: CLSI protocols (EP 15-A2 and H57A) were applied. Withinrun precision (WR), and within-laboratory precision (WL) on Protrombin Time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT)
were evaluated by using three levels of controls (Instrumentation Laboratory, IL): Low (L), Normal (N) and High (H). Each control was
processed ten times to determine WR, and in triplicate for five days to
determine WL. 80 samples of healthy donors, patients under oral anticoagulants Anti vitamine K, factor deficiencies and lupus anticoagulant were used for instruments comparison. At least 20 samples were
analyzed to compare Factor and Fibrinogen dosages. APTT R of 40
samples from patients with hemophilia was compared separately. EP
evaluator was used for statistical analysis. Instruments: ACL-TOP 300
(IL) and STA COMPACT (STAGO) as reference. Reagents from IL
or STAGO were used, respectively.
Results: Observed value/manufacturer requirement were: %CV WR:
L: PT 1.3/2.2, APTT 2.8/2.4; N: PT 0.7/1.1, APTT 1.2/1.1; H: TP 2.4/
2.5, APTT 3.0/2.9. %CV WL: L: PT 1.4/3.3, APTT 1.8/3.8; N: PT 1.7/
2.5, APTT 1.9/2.5; H: PT 2.7/3.0, APTT 2.9/4.9. Correlation between
equipments (Pearson Correlation Coefficient, r): PT 0.99, INR 0.99,
APTT R 0.99, hemophilia A APTT R 0.92; concordance 0.84; hemophilia A APTT R with APTT R < 2.9 (n: 34): 0.95; concordance 0.95,
Fibrinogen 0.99, FII 0.99, FV 0.95, FVII 0.98, FVIII 0.98, FIX 0.98,
FX 0.99.
Conclusion: Manufacturer requirements were achieved for PT and
APTT WL, but WR requirements were not achieved for APTT. Correlation between ACL-TOP 300 and STA COMPTACT was successful
for all parameters, except samples from hemophiliacs with APTT
R > 2.9, which show lower concordance.
PO093-TUE
Factor VIII inhibitors quantified using clot waveform
analysis
Siegemund T, Schobess R, Scholz U and Siegemund A
and Partners, Leipzig, Germany
Background: Clot waveform analysis (CWFA) extends the interpretation of aPTT measurement curves. We postulate that the first, second
and third derivative of the fibrin generation curve represents thrombin,
prothrombinase and tenase complex activities. Inhibitor patients show
diminished clot formation that should be reflected in CWFA.
Aims: We tested the feasability of CWFA in monitoring inhibitors in
patients with haemophilia A (HA) and B (HB). The CWFA parameters were expressed in nM thrombin or respective derivatives. Inhibitors
542
ABSTRACTS
based on this method were compared with established methods like

Bethesda (BE) or Nijmegen.
Methods: CWFA was performed using Synthasil as activator. The
derivatives were calculated using the Savitzky-Golay algorithm and
calculated as thrombin concentration (nM) or thrombin formation
(nM s1). All inhibitor patients were diagnosed in our centre.
Results: All inhibitors that were diagnosed with the established methods were also recognized in the CWFA-based assay. The absolute values are lower because CWFA reflects more the overall coagulation
capacity and not only one factor. Patients monitored over a long time
show comparable kinetics in CWFA and BE. This is true for FVIII
and FIX inhibitors and low and high responders. Patients without any
inhibitors are negative in be and CWFA based calculations. The variation coefficients (CV) are comparable.
Conclusion: CWFA is a cheap and easy method to monitor patients
with inhibitors and can be done without any additional measurements
beside an aPTT. The correlation between CWFA and Bethesda/Nijmegen based inhibitors is excellent. The method is cheap and simple, but
needs the transformation from optical densities to thrombin concentrations. Based on CWFA analysis inhibitors can be recognized not
only in specialized labs, inhibitors can be diagnosed in all labs that can
measure an aPTT.
Cancer and thrombosis /

hemostasis II
PO094-TUE
Tissue factor downregulation by the putative
oncogenic microRNA, MIR-520G, in embryonal brain
tumour cells
DAsti E1, Huang A2, Kool M3, Korshunov A3,4, Pfister SM3 and
Rak J1
1
Mcgill University Health Centre, Montreal; 2Arthur and Sonia
Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, Toronto, Canada;
3
German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); 4Department of
Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg,
Germany
Background: Tissue factor (TF) acts as a receptor for coagulation factor VIIa and mediates both clotting and proangiogenic intracellular
signals. Oncogenes deregulate tumour cell interactions with the vascular system including the expression, activity, and signaling properties
of TF. Embryonal tumours with multilayered rosettes (ETMR) are
pediatric brain lesions that demonstrate a unique genomic amplification of the chromosome 19 microRNA (miR) cluster (C19MC) leading
to the overexpression of related miRs including miR-520 g.
Aims: To determine whether miR-520 g is part of the oncogenic circuitry that controls TF resulting in perturbations of vascular homeostasis and increased disease aggressiveness.
Methods: We have used immunodetection of TF and fibrin in C19amplified and non-amplified tumour tissues. In addition, PCR, western blotting, and activity assays were used to detect the linkage
between mir-520 g and TF in cultured cells.
Results: Decreased fibrin content paralleled reduced TF protein in
ETMR. This effect was recapitulated in cells overexpressing miR520 g, which exhibit lower TF protein and emission as EVs. MiR520 g specifically and directly targets the TF 30 UTR. Reduced TF protein and elevated miR-520 g are associated with decreased procoagulant activity and signaling. Upregulation of endogenous miR-520 g in
stem-like growth conditions is associated with decreased TF protein.
Conclusion: In spite of the absence of clinically manifest thrombosis,
pediatric brain tumours interact with the coagulation pathway. Ours is
the first study that examines this as a function of TF downregulation
by miR-520 g, a putative oncomir in ETMR. Given that classical oncogenes often upregulate TF, the significance of this observation is puzzling and may be linked to the unique stem cell-rich nature of ETMR.
We propose that oncomirs may control the brain tumour coagulome.
PO095-TUE
VTE recurrence and bleeding in patients with cancer.
Results of the Optimev study
Sevestre M1, Genty C2, Rolland C2, Pernod G2, Bosson J-L2 and
on behalf of members of the SFMV participating to the Optimev
trial and Laboratoire TIMC UMR CNRS UJF 5525 Equipe ThEMAS
1
Vascular Medicine, CHU Amiens, Amiens; 2Univ Grenoble,
TIMC UMR CNRS UJF 2252 ThEMAS, Grenoble, France
Background: VTE treatment in aptietns with cancer is still challenging
in clinical practise despite therapeutic advances and international
guidelines.
Aims: To evaluate VTE recurrence and bleeding risk, we have analysed
the data of the Optimev study.
Methods: Study type was a exposed/non exposed one nested in a
cohort study. All patients with VTE and known cancer at inclusion
(exposed ones) and patients with VTE without known cancer at inclusion and during follow-up (non exposed ones) were included with a 1/2
ratio. Patients were paired depending on age, sex and VTE type.
Results: 336 patients VTE+ and cancer were compared to 672 patients
VTE+ and without cancer. Criteria for analysis were VTE recurrence
(DVT and/or PE), major bleeding, and death during 3 years of followup. Both groups had equivalent repartition of VTE type (SVT 10%,
distal DVT 27%, proximal DVT 38%, PE with or without DVT
25%). Mean age was 67 (53% of men in both groups) risk of VTE
recurrence was 10.6% at one year and 16.4% at 3 years in the cancer
group vs. 3.4% and 9% in the non exposed group (P < 0.01,
HR = 2.1[1.43.2]). Distal DVT had the higher risk of recurrence
(20% at 3 years with an anticoagulant treatment duration of
3 months).Major Bleeding risk was 5.9% at one year and 8.9% at
3 years in the exposed group vs. 2.3 and 3.6% in the non exposed
group (P < 0.01, HR=2.5[1.354.5]). Mortality at 3 years was 60% in
the cancer group vs. 10% in the non exposed group. In comparable mortality rates, duration of anticoagulant treatment were not
longer in patients with cancer. use of long terme treatment with
LMWH were achieved in 30% of patients. (cohort initiated before
2010). Our result confirm the difficulty to treat patients with VTE and
cancer enhancing the balance between recurrence and bleeding risk.
Conclusion: VTE treatment in patients with cancer is an important
clinical problem: a high risk of recurrence but also a significant risk of
bleeding were noted in our study
Disclosure of Interest: M. Sevestre Consultant for: Leo Pharma, Bayer
SA, Pfizer BMS, Aspen, Glaxo Smithkline, Daichii Sankyo, C. Genty:
None Declared, C. Rolland: None Declared, G. Pernod: None
Declared, J.-L. Bosson: None Declared
ABSTRACTS
PO096-TUE
Collaborative efforts of the national heart, lung, and
blood institute and the national cancer institute in
cancer and thrombosis
Berny-Lang MA1, Kindzelski AL2, Mondoro TH2 and
Greenspan EJ1
1
Center for Strategic Scientific Initiatives, Office of the Director,
National Cancer Institute; 2Division of Blood Diseases and
Resources, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National
Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
Background: Thrombosis is a leading cause of death in cancer patients,
causing delay/discontinuation of therapy, higher consumption of
health care resources, and decreased quality of life. In spite of the clinical significance, research to target these issues is limited across the
National Institutes of Health. Exemplified by fiscal year 2014, only 15
unique studies addressing the cancer and thrombosis interface were
supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
or the National Cancer Institute (NCI), representing just 0.15% of
those institutes total grants.
Aims: Motivated by these concerns, the NHLBI and NCI are working
collaboratively to identify barriers in the field and prioritize research
directions.
Methods: In August 2014, the NHLBI/NCI hosted a working group
on Cancer and Thrombosis, bringing together scientists and clinicians in cancer research, oncology, and thrombosis and hemostasis, as
well as representatives from the Food and Drug Administration and
the Department of Veterans Affairs. The meeting goals were to: (i) discuss current and emerging data, (ii) identify key research questions,
and (iii) generate recommendations for the most promising directions
of research in cancer and thrombosis.
Results: Meeting participants emphasized the urgency and need for
collaborative efforts to address cancer-related thrombosis. Recommendations included additional mechanistic studies of thrombosis in
cancer; identification and validation of improved, actionable thrombotic biomarkers in cancer patients; and prospective cohort studies
and intervention trials. Building on the working group discussions, a
Request for Information (RFI) was issued regarding the effect of preanalytical variables on biomarkers of thrombosis in cancer patients;
the results are forthcoming.
Conclusion: Recommendations from the research community are being
used to guide future directions of the NHLBI/NCI to advance cancerassociated thrombosis research for the overall benefit of cancer
patients.
PO097-TUE
Patients experiences of living with cancer associated
thrombosis: the pelican study
Noble S, Prout H and Nelson A
Palliative Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
Background: Thrombosis remains the commonest preventable cause of
mortality in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Whilst the prophylaxis and treatment of this condition is well understood, the patient
experience and subsequent behavioral factors are not.
Aims: To explore the experiences of patients diagnosed and treated for
cancer associted thrombosis.
Methods: Patients receiving treatment for cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT) were interviewed about their experiences of CAT within the
context of their cancer journey. Twenty interviews were transcribed
and analyzed using framework analysis.
Results: The CAT journey was considered a distressing one with limited support or information in complete juxtaposition with the treat-
543
ment they received for their cancer. Patients felt there was little
ownership for the management of CAT, which further added to distress. Chemotherapy patients were well informed about the risks of
febrile neutropenia, how to recognize it and when to seek medical
attention. However they had limited knowledge about CAT and
received no information about the condition. Red flag symptoms suggestive of CAT were attributed to chemotherapy or the underlying
cancer, resulting in delayed presentation and diagnosis to hospital.
Conclusion: CAT is a common occurrence and patients view their
experiences of it within the context of their overall cancer journey.
However, patients receive little information to help recognize CAT
and access timely treatment on the development of symptoms. Whilst
other cancer complications have clear treatment pathways, thrombosis
does not appear to have been afforded the same priority. A proactive
approach to increase patient awareness, coupled with established CAT
pathways is likely to reduce mortality, morbidity and long-term psychological distress.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Noble Grant/Research Support from: Leo
pharma, Consultant for: Leo Pharma, Pfizer, BMS, Speaker Bureau
of: Leo Pharma, Pfizer, BMS, H. Prout: None declared, A. Nelson:
None declared.
PO098-TUE
Cancer associated thrombosis: developing consensus
guidance to improve patient care and outcomes
Gwynn S1, Arya R2, McPhelim J3, Talbot T4, Pasi J5, FortesMayer G6, Kedia N7, Kokiet S8 and King M9
1
CAT Consensus Secretariat; 2Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Kings
College Hospital, London; 3NHS Lanarkshire, East Kilbride;
4
Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro; 5Barts and The London
Hospital, London; 6NHS West Midlands, Birmingham; 7Verulam
Medical Group, St Albans; 8Bedford House Medical Centre,
Ashton-under-Lyne; 9Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals,
Wolverhampton, UK
Background: Cancer is responsible for 18% of all cases of incident
VTE. Across all patients with cancer the risk for VTE is elevated
between 7 and 28-fold. There are special considerations in cancer
patients who develop VTE relating to clinician awareness, management strategies and improving patient care and quality of life.
Aims: To understand the perceptions and attitudes of key stakeholders
in delivering care, informing practitioners of the attitudes of their peers
in order to improve patient outcomes.
Methods: A small, multidisciplinary group involved in the treatment of
patients with CAT met in to define themes for future development in
the management of CAT across the UK. 42 consensus statements were
developed and submitted to respondents by questionnaire using a 4point Likert scale. A modified Delphi methodology was used to review
responses.
Results: An initial sample of 20 respondents returned questionnaires
indicating varying levels of agreement with each statement. Statements
were then revised and questionnaires were returned by a further 47
respondents working with CAT across the UK. Of the 42 statements,
33 achieved > 90% agreement (78.6%), and 41 Achieved > 66% agreement (97.6%%) with one statement failing to achieve 66% agreement
(2.3%).
Conclusion: Respondents clearly agree that active communication
between the multidisciplinary team and the patients GP are critical in
managing CAT. Support is also strong for the development of service
models and integrated care pathways suggesting that the need for such
measures is well understood across the UK. Such measures will ensure
that appropriate guidance is applied in the treatment of each patient.
Responses indicate that clarification is needed regarding the implementation of current guidance on CAT. The weakest agreement is with
the assertion that the best care may be provided in the secondary care
544
ABSTRACTS
environment, suggesting that there is a view amongst clinicians that

community-based care may be useful for patients with CAT.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Gwynn Grant/Research Support from: Honoraria from Pfizer, R. Arya Grant/Research Support from: Honoraria
from Pfizer, J. McPhelim: None declared, T. Talbot: None Declared,
J. Pasi: None Declared, G. Fortes-Mayer: None Declared, N. Kedia:
None declared, S. Kokiet: None declared, M. King: None declared.
PO099-TUE
Reducing clot risk in post-operative cancer patients:
what is the common ground among international VTE
prevention guidelines?
Jackson C
Surgical Services, Cancer Treatment Centers of America,
Philadelphia, USA
Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is the most common
cause of death after surgery in the oncology population. Currently
there are five different sets of major international guidelines on prevention of VTE in the post-operative cancer population.
Aims: This study is a comprehensive review of each of the five international guidelines, for the purpose of identifying what recommendations they have in common and where controversy remains.
Methods: Comprehensive content analysis was performed on the five
current VTE prevention guidelines published by: the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN); the American Society for Clinical Oncology (ASCO); the American College of Chest Surgeons
(ACCP); the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO); and
the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH). In
addition the prognostic VTE risk factors identified in the @RISTOS
Project (Agnelli et al, 2006) were applied prospectively to 100 surgical
cases in the authors own facility.
Results: There is a great deal of common ground among the five sets of
guidelines, especially with regard to: hospitalized cancer patients;
patients with certain malignancies; cancer patients who have extensive
abdominal or pelvic surgery;and patients on specific chemotherapy
regimens. There is some variability in terms of absolute and relative
contraindications for VTE prophylaxis. Choice of pharmacologic anticoagulant therapy is fairly uniform. Based on the authors own prospective data, most cancer patients who have major surgery do indeed
meet the @RISTOS criteria for significant VTE risk.
Conclusion: Clinical guidelines tend to proliferate as clinical data are
produced. Often there is common ground to guide best clinical practices. Where there is controversy, there is room for critical thinking
and clinical judgement. In the meantime, basic prognostic VTE risk
factors can be applied in real time to help inform the management of
the post-operative cancer patient.
PO100-TUE
Age-adjusted D-Dimer cut-off level increases the
number of cancer patients in who pulmonary embolism
can be safely excluded without CTPA imaging: the
adjust-PE Cancer substudy
Wilts D1, Gal GL2, den Exter PL3, van Es J4, Carrier M2,
ller HR4, Righini M6, Huisman MV3 and
Planquette B5, Bu
Kamphuisen PW7
1
University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The
Netherlands; 2Health Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada;
3
Department of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Leiden University
Medical Center, Leiden; 4Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam
Medical Center, Amsterdam, The The Netherlands; 5Service de
^pital Europ
pneumologie et de soins intensifs, Ho
een Georges
Pompidou, Paris, France; 6Division of Angiology and Hemostasis,
Geneva University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva,
Switzerland; 7Vascular Medicine, University Medical Center
Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
Background: Patients with cancer frequently present with suspected
pulmonary embolism (PE). The D-Dimer test is less useful to rule out
PE in cancer patients due to a lower specificity, whereas the safety of
the combination of a clinical decision rule (CDR) and D-dimer test to
rule out PE in these patients is unclear.
Aims: We prospectively analysed the safety and efficacy of the ageadjusted D-dimer (defined as agex10 in patients > 50 years) combined
with CDR for the exclusion of PE in patients with cancer.
Methods: We conducted a multicentre multinational prospective management outcome study in 19 centers in Belgium, France, The Netherlands and Switzerland, the ADJUST-PE study, to validate an ageadjusted D-dimer cut-off in patients with suspected PE. The performance of the age-adjusted D-dimer cut-off and CDR was compared
between patients with and without cancer. The primary outcome was
the rate of adjudicated thromboembolic events during three-month
follow-up.
Results: Of the 3324 patients with suspected PE, 429 (12.9%) patients
had cancer. Cancer patients were older and more often had surgery or
immobilisation. The prevalence of PE was 108/429 (25.2%) in cancer
patients and 522/2894 (18%) in patients without cancer, P < 0.001.
Among cancer patients with an unlikely CDR, 27/274 (9.9%) had a DDimer <500 lg L1 as compared with 19.7% using the age-adjusted
D-dimer cut-off; in patients without cancer, these rates were 30.1%
and 41.9%, respectively. The percentage of cancer patients in whom
PE could be excluded based on CDR and age-adjusted D-dimer doubled from 6.3% to 12.6%. None of these cancer patients had a venous
thromboembolic event during three-month follow-up.
Conclusion: Compared with the usual cut-off, the age-adjusted Ddimer cut-off doubles the proportion of patients with cancer in whom
PE can be safely excluded by CDR and D-dimer without need for
CTPA imaging.
Disclosure of Interest: D. Wilts: None Declared, G. Le Gal: None
Declared, P. den Exter: None Declared, J. van Es: None Declared, M.
Carrier: None Declared, B. Planquette: None Declared, H. B
uller:
None Declared, M. Righini: None Declared, M. Huisman: None
Declared, P. Kamphuisen Grant/Research Support from: Dutch
Thrombosis Foundation
ABSTRACTS
PO101-TUE
Rates of venous thromboembolism despite
thromboprophylaxis in multiple myeloma patients
receiving lenalidomide or pomalidomide: a systematic
review and meta-analysis
Kimpton M1, Carrier M1, Tay J1, Davis A2 and Gal GL1
1
Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; 2The Ottawa
Hospital, Ottawa, Canada
Background: The use of immunomodulatory drugs (IMIDs), especially
thalidomide, in combination with dexamethasone (Dex) in multiple
myeloma (MM) patients has been shown to significantly increase the
incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Clinical practice guidelines recommend the use of thromboprophylaxis in patients receiving
IMiDs for MM. However, the best type of thromboprophylaxis, especially in patients receiving more recent IMIDs (e.g. lenalidomide
(LEN), pomalidomide (POM)), remains unknown.
Aims: The aim of this review was to determine the rates of VTE in
MM patients receiving LEN or POM and thromboprophylaxis. The
pooled rates of VTE was further characterized based on the disease
status (newly diagnosed (ND) or relapsed/refractory (RR)), as well as
the type of IMiD.
Methods: A systematic literature search was done using MEDLINE,
EMBASE and Cochrane Library. Two reviewers independently
assessed all articles identified from the initial literature search to determine their eligibility. Both reviewers independently extracted the
required information from each selected study. Any discrepancies were
resolved through consensus.
Results: A total of 917 patients were included in the analyses (ND
MM + LEN (n = 327); RR MM + LEN (n = 324); RR MM + POM
(n = 266)). In patients with RR MM being treated with POM and
DEX, the rate of VTE while on aspirin (ASA) was 3.5 per 100 patientyears (95% CI: 1.56.2). In patients with ND MM treated with LEN
and DEX or Prednisone (PRED), the rate of VTE while on ASA was
8.0 per 100 patient-years (95% CI: 1.319.6). This rate fell to 3.9 per
100 patient-years (95% CI: 2.45.8) when patients with RR MM were
treated with this same regimen.
Conclusion: The rates of VTE in RR MM patients receiving LEN or
POM are low, and thromboprophylaxis with ASA seems adequate.
Rates of VTE are higher in patient with ND MM receiving LEN and
DEX or PRED. Further trials assessing risks and benefits of other
thromboprophlactic regimens in this patient population are warranted.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Kimpton: None Declared, M. Carrier: None
Declared, J. Tay Consultant for: Celgene and Janssen, A. Davis: None
Declared, G. Le Gal: None Declared
PO102-TUE
Prospective evaluation of risk assessment models and
biological markers of hypercoagulability for the
identification of high VTE risk patients with lung
adenocarcinoma. The roadmap study
Evmorfiadis I1,2, Paraskevi B3, Rousseau A2,4, Charpidou A3,
Dreden PV4, Giozos G3, Syrigos K3, Spanoudaki A1,2, Grusse M5,
Elalamy I1,2 and Gerotziafas G1,2
1
Haematology, Tenon University Hospital; 2INSERM U938,
Faculte de Medecine Pierre et Marie Curie, Universit
e Paris VI,
Paris; 3Oncology Unit GPP, 3rd Department of Medicine, Athens
School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 4Clinical Research;
5
Diagnostica Stago, Gennevilliers, France
Background: In patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LA), metastasis
(MTS), advanced stage and chemotherapy (CTx) are risk factors for
545
thromboembolism (VTE). Routine thromboprophylaxis is not recommended but individualized risk assessment is encouraged.
Aims: The selection of the most relevant hypercoagulability biomarkers (HB) for incorporation into the risk assessment models (RAM)
for VTE
Methods: Patients with documented LA eligible for CTx at distance of
at least 3 months from surgery or hospitalization were included. They
were either CTx naive (NG) or had received CTx (OTG). Control
group (CG) consisted of 30 healthy age & sex-matched individuals.
We assessed them for thrombin generation (TG), P-Selectin, heparanase (HPA), procoagulant phospholipids (PPL), factor VIIa, D-Dimers
(DDi) and Tissue Factor activity (TFa).
Results: Patients showed significantly shortened PPL and higher levels
of TFa, DDi and HPA as compared to the CG. FVIIa levels were
lower in patients compared to CG. The NG showed significantly
shorter lag-time and lower ETP as compared to the OTG. It also
showed significantly higher levels of HPA as compared to the OTG.
The increase of TG and of HPA, P-Selectin, FVIIa was associated with
the stage. Patients with MTS had higher levels of P-Selectin, TFa,
DDi, FVIIa, TGT and HPA than those with localized or advanced disease. Patients with VTE had higher baseline levels of DDi, TGT,
shorter PPL and lower levels of HPA as compared to those without.
Patients who died within 3-months had higher baseline levels of DDi
and lower HPA levels as compared to those who were alive.
Conclusion: Increased PPL, TF pathway up regulation, DDi and HPA
increase is a universal phenomenon in LA. CTx has an impact on
TGT and HPA levels. Baseline values of TGT, PPL, HPA, DDi were
related with mortality and thrombosis. The incorporation of HB in
VTE-RAMs might improve their predictive value. This concept is
being studied on an ongoing trial.
PO103-TUE
Unsuspected pulmonary embolism in cancer patients:
an international, ongoing, prospective, observational
study
Bleker SM1, van Es N1, Kleinjan A1, B
uller HR1, Baars JW2,
Bertoletti L3, Beyer-Westendorf J4, Constans J5, Couturaud F6,
e I9, Meyer G10, Munoz Martn AJ11,
Falanga A7, Iosub DI8, Mah
12
4
Porreca E , Werth S and Nisio MD12
1
Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center;
2
Department of Medical Oncology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek
edecine
Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; 3Service de M
^pital Nord, CHU Saint Etienne,
Vasculaire et Therapeutique, Ho
France; 4Division Thrombosis Research and Division
Angiology, Dresden University Clinic, Dresden, Germany;
5
^pital St Andr
Service de M
edecine Vasculaire, Ho
e, CHU
Bordeaux and Universit
e de Bordeaux; 6D
epartement de
M
edecine Interne et Pneumologie, Centra HospitaloUniversitaire de Brest, Universit
e de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest,
France; 7Department of Immunohematology and Transfusion
Medicine, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo; 8Fondazione
I.R.C.C.S. Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; 9Service de
^pital Louis Mourier, Universit
M
edecine Interne, Ho
e Paris 7,
^pital Europeen
APHP; 10Department of Respiratory Diseases, Ho
Georges Pompidou, Paris, France; 11Cancer & Thrombosis
Working Group, Spanish Society of Medical Oncology, Madrid,
Spain; 12Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological
Sciences, G. DAnnunzio University, Chieti, Italy
Background: Unsuspected pulmonary embolism (UPE) is diagnosed in
1 to 5% of cancer patients undergoing routine computed tomography
scans. Guidelines suggest that UPE should receive similar treatment as
546
ABSTRACTS
for symptomatic PE. However, direct evidence is scarce and whether

selected subgroups such as those with isolated (sub)segmental UPE
may be treated more conservatively remains unknown.
Aims: We aim to evaluate the current treatment approaches for UPE
and assess their efficacy and safety.
Methods: This is an ongoing, observational, international, multicenter
study of consecutive cancer patients with UPE followed up to
12 months for the occurrence of recurrent venous thromboembolism
(VTE), bleeding, and mortality. A sample size of 610 patients was calculated based on an assumed overall recurrent VTE rate of 13% and
an odds of 3:1 of (sub)segmental UPE vs. central UPE. The cumulative
incidence of recurrent VTE was adjusted for death as a competing
event.
Results: From April 2012 to January 2015 a total of 212 patients were
enrolled, of whom 119 (56.1%) had lobar or central PE. 202 patients
(95.3%) received anticoagulant therapy, most often low molecular
weight heparin (80.2% of cases). The median follow-up duration was
182 days (Interquartile Range 107293). The overall cumulative incidence of recurrent VTE and all-cause mortality after 1 year was 5.7%
and 37.3%, respectively. When comparing patients with central and
(sub)segmental UPE, the incidence of mortality was 42.7% and 30.5%
(P = 0.9), and the cumulative incidence of recurrent VTE 8.2% vs.
3.4% (P = 0.32) respectively. Bleeding occurred in 9.4% of all
patients; these events comprise major, clinically relevant non major,
and minor bleeding.
Conclusion: The interim results from this registry indicate that robust
data are collected about the natural history of UPE, on which future
(comparative) studies can build.
PO104-TUE
Risk of subsequent cancer after a venous
thromboembolism the Scandinavian Thrombosis and
Cancer (STAC) Study
Jensvoll H1,2, Severinsen MT3,4, Hammerstrm J5, Brkkan SK1,2,
Kristensen SR3,6, Cannegieter SC7, Blix K1,2, Tjnneland A8,
Rosendaal FR7, Dziewiecka O1, Overvad K9,10, Nss IA11 and
Hansen J-B1,2
1
K.G.Jebsen Thrombosis Research and Expertise Center (TREC),
North Norway, Troms, Norway; 3Department of Clinical
Medicine, Aalborg University; 4Department of Hematology,
Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; 5Department of
Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University
of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; 6Department of
Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg,
Denmark; 7Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden
University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands; 8Diet, Genes
and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center,
Copenhagen; 9Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University
Hospital, Aalborg; 10Department of Public Health, Section for
Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark;
11
Department of Hematology, Trondheim University Hospital,
Trondheim, Norway
Background: Patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) have an
increased risk of subsequent cancer. Subjects with unprovoked VTE
are considered at highest risk, but the benefit of examination for occult
cancer is debated.
Aims: To study the association between VTE and subsequent cancer in
the Scandinavian Thrombosis and Cancer (STAC) Study with individual data merged from three prospective population-based cohorts in
Norway and Denmark.
Methods: Overall, 144912 subjects aged 19101 years without previous

VTE or cancer were enrolled, and baseline information (199397)
included physical examination, self-administered questionnaires and
blood samples. Validated VTE events and cancer diagnoses were registered up to 20072012 with a median follow-up of 13.6 years. We computed crude incidence rates (IRs) of cancer per 1000 person-years (PY)
and multivariable adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for cancer with 95%
confidence intervals (CIs) in subjects with and without VTE. Regional
committees of research ethics approved the study, and participants
gave their informed written consent.
Results: There were 1884 subjects with VTE and 17651 with cancer
during follow-up. The IR of cancer in subjects without VTE was 9.5
per 1000 PY, whereas the IR of cancer during the first year after VTE
was 60.6 per 1000 PY. A VTE event was associated with a 4.0-fold
(95% CI 3.255.02) higher risk of cancer during the first year after
VTE, and a 1.3-fold (95% CI 1.121.53) higher risk for subsequent
years. The risk was most pronounced for kidney, ovarian, lymphatic,
pancreatic, stomach and lung cancer. Only minor differences were
found in cancer risk between subjects with unprovoked (HR 4.47,
95% 3.435.83 and) and provoked VTE (HR 3.51, 95% CI 2.395.17)
the first year of follow-up.
Conclusion: The risk of subsequent cancer did not differ between subjects with unprovoked and provoked VTE. Our findings suggest that
the benefits of examination for occult cancer should be studied in subjects with both unprovoked and provoked VTE.
PO105-TUE
Management of cancer associated thrombosis in
France: a national survey in vascular disease and
supportive care specialists
Mahe I1, Rey J-B2, Elalamy I3, Lamblin A4, Mayeur D5, on behalf
of AFSOS (Association Francophone pour les Soins Oncologiques
de Support), Pernod G6 and on behalf of SFMV (French Society
for Vascular Medicine) on behalf of French Society for Vascular
Medicine (SFMV) and Association Francophone pour les Soins
Oncologiques de Support (AFSOS)
1
Internal Medicine, Louis Mourier, APHP, Paris 7 University, EA
erologie Jean
7334, Colombes; 2Pharmacie, Institut de Canc
Godinot, Reims; 3Biological Hematology, Tenon University
Hospital, INSERM U938, Paris; 4LEO Pharma, Voisins le
^ pital
Bretonneux; 5Unit
e de Soins oncologiques de Support, Ho
edecine vasculaire, CHU de
Mignot, Le Chesnay; 6Clinique de m
Grenoble site Nord, Grenoble, France
Background: Low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) are recommended by international guidelines for 36 months in patients with
cancer associated thrombosis (CAT). However surveys report a low
implementation of guidelines in usual care (around 50%)
Aims: To assess the knowledge of guidelines by vascular specialists and
oncologists in France. To try to explain the lack of implementation of
guidelines
Methods: The French Society for Vascular Medicine (SFMV) and
Association Francophone pour les Soins Oncologiques de Support
(AFSOS) contacted their members. An electronic survey tool was used
to disseminate the same survey about CAT treatment using clinical situations:patient with lung cancer and symptomatic deep venous thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE) or incidental PE. Answers
were compared to the reference defined by a multidisciplinary panel
before the survey
Results: 401 specialists completed the survey. Respondents specialties
included oncology (12%),vascular medicine (68%),hematology (2%),
internal medicine (3%),pneumology (2%),others (15%). Full dose
LMWHs were indicated as first choice by more than 90% for the long-
ABSTRACTS
term treatment of symptomatic DVT and PE. They opted for a treatment duration of 3 months (20% for DVT,5% for PE),6 months
(70% for DVT,67% for PE),or 12 months (9% for DVT,27% for PE).
In case of active cancer,after 12 months,respondents chose full dose
LMWHs (51% for DVT,50% for PE),prophylactic dose LMHWs
(19% for DVT,16% for PE),VKA (13% for DVT,14% for PE). In
case of incidental recent proximal PE,91% of respondents chose fulldose LMWHs while in front of a proximal old PE,22% gave full dose
LMWHs,31% prophylactic LMWHs and 41% no treatment
Conclusion: These findings illustrate that vascular specialists and oncologists implicated in supportive care are aware of recommendations
for CAT treatment,resulting from the actions led by both societies. It
is important to provide information about guidelines to other specialists to improve the implementation of recommendations.
Disclosure of Interest: I. Mahe: None declared, J.-B. Rey Grant/
Research Support from: for electronic survey conception and analysis,
I. Elalamy: None declared, A. Lamblin: None declared, D. Mayeur:
None declared, G. Pernod: None declared.
PO106-TUE
Venous thromboembolism after surgical treatment of
skeletal metastases an underdiagnosed complication
Lassila R1, Ratasvuori M2 and Laitinen M3
1
Hematology-Oncology; 2Department of Hand Surgery, Helsinki
University Central Hospital, Helsinki; 3Department of
Orthopedics, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a severe complication after major orthopedic surgery and especially in association with
cancer. However, limited attention is paid on this topic both in clinical
management and studies concerning survival and complications after
surgery of skeletal metastases and fractures they induce.
Aims: We conducted this study to evaluate the incidence of VTE and
its clinical impact in association with cancer surgery targeted to the
management of fractures due to skeletal metastases.
Methods: Data were collected retrospectively from the medical files of
Tampere University Hospital. Surgery was performed between April
1999 and July 2014. The incidence of pulmonary embolism (PE) and
deep vein thrombosis and their risk factors were assessed using binary
logistic regression analysis. A Kaplain-Meier analysis and a CoxRegression analysis were utilized to evaluate variables affecting survival.
Results: Study included 343 non-spinal skeletal metastases consecutively operated in 306 patients. The rate of VTE events was as high as
11.4% and appeared on average within 70 days of surgery. Intraoperative oxygen saturation drop and pulmonary metastases were risk factors for early PE. One-year survival was significantly reduced among
these PE patients, being only 18%, vs. 42% among those patients who
did not experience VTE (P < 0.01). Other indicators of decreased survival were leukocytosis (> 9 9 109 L1) and anemia (hemoglobin < 100 g dL1). 83% received low molecular weight heparin as
thromboprophylaxis, but its duration was variable.
Conclusion: Relationship between fracture of bone in association with
skeletal metastases and thromboembolic events needs both clinical and
research attention. Whether survival for the patients suffering from
fractures of skeletal metastases can be improved by better targeted
thromboprophylactic means should be further studied.
547
PO107-TUE
Major and non-major clinically relevant bleeding in
patients hospitalized in palliative care units: results of
a French multicentre observational study
Tardy B1, Chapelle C1, Picard S2, Broucker DD3, Delerue M3,
Celarier T4, Vassal P4, Ciais J-F5, Salas S6, Perceau E7, Filbet M7,
Guirimand F8, Gomas J-M9, Decherf C10, Bertoletti L11,
Guillot A12, Gaultier J-B13, Akrour M1, Rancon F14, Merah A1,
Laporte S14 and Laporte S14
1
INSERM CIC 1408, CHU De Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne; 2Unit
e
^pital les Diaconnesses, Paris; 3Unite de
de Soins Palliatifs, Ho
Soins Palliatifs, CH St Philibert, Lille; 4Service de Soins Palliatifs,
Chu De Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne; 5Unit
e de Soins Palliatifs,
CHU Nice, Nice; 6Oncologie Soins Palliatifs, Assistance
^pitaux de Marseille, Marseille; 7Service de Soins
Publique Ho
Palliatifs, CHU Lyon Sud, Pierre B
enite; 8Service de Soins
Palliatifs, Maison M
edicale Jeanne Garnier; 9Unit
e Douleurs
^pital Ste Perrine, Paris; 10Service
Chroniques Soins Palliatifs, Ho
de Soins Palliatifs, Centre Hospitalier dArras, Arras; 11Service de
M
edecine Vasculaire et Th
erapeutique, CHU De Saint-Etienne,
epartement dOncologie M
edicale, Institut de
Saint-Etienne; 12D
Canc
erologie Lucien Neuwirth, St Priest en Jarez; 13Service de
M
edecine Interne; 14URCIP, CHU De Saint-Etienne, SaintEtienne, France
Background: While there is an increasing prescription of thromboprophylaxis in Palliative Care (PC) inpatients, the true incidence of both
bleeding and venous thromboembolism (VTE) in such patients is
unknown.
Aims: To evaluate in PC inpatients the incidence and the risk factors
of Clinically Relevant Bleeding (CRB) and of venous thromboembolism.
Methods: A French multicentre prospective cohort study (RHESO,
NCT01056978) was conducted in 22 PC Units. To be included,
patients should not receive therapeutic anticoagulation on admission
and their life expectancy was expected to exceed 48 h. The primary
outcome was the incidence at 3 months of major and/or nonmajor CRB. All events were centrally adjudicated by an independent
committee. The cumulative incidence of events was estimated accounting for the presence of competing risk events. Multivariate analysis
was performed to determine risk factors for CRB using Cox model
accounting for the presence of competing risk events.
Results: From June 2010 to October 2011, 1199 patients were enrolled
in the RHESO study. The most common medical reason of palliative
care was metastatic cancer (77.7%). At three months, the mortality
rate was 91.3% and 116 patients presented a CRB (9.7%95% CI:
8.111.6), given a cumulative incidence of CRB of 9.8% (95% CI:
8.311.6). The median delay of CRB was 7.5 days (IQR: 3.521.5).
The most common site of major bleeding was digestive tract. Of the 32
major bleedings, 23 contributed to death. In multivariate analysis, cancer [HR = 4.09 (95% CI: 1.3012.9), P = 0.02], previous surgery
within the four weeks before PC Units admission [HR = 0.25 (95%
CI: 0.061.02), P = 0.053] and treatment with antiplatelet agents
[HR = 1.70 (95% CI: 1.172.48), P = 0.005] were found as independent factors associated with CRB. At three months, the cumulative
incidence of VTE was 0.3% (95% CI: 0.10.8).
Conclusion: This unexpected high bleeding risk must be taken into
account in the management of palliative care inpatients.
548
ABSTRACTS
PO108-TUE
Healthcare related cost of thrombotic events in elderly
patients: a retrospective database analysis
Oladapo A1, Xiong Y1, Novack A2 and Epstein J1
1
Medical Outcomes Research & Economics; 2Global Medical
Affairs, Baxter Healthcare Corporation, Westlake Village, USA
Background: Elderly patients have a high risk for developing thrombotic events (TEEs) given their advanced age and higher risk of developing multiple comorbidities including bleeding conditions such as
acquired hemophilia A.
Aims: To estimate the annual healthcare cost associated with the management of TEEs in elderly patients.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of MarketScan database (medical/
prescription claims) over an 8-year period (January 2006 to March
2014) was conducted. Subjects were included if they: (i) were
65 years; (ii) had an inpatient primary or secondary diagnosis (based
on ICD-9-CM codes) for a TEE; (iii) were continuously enrolled for
12 months prior to and 12 months following the index date; and
(iv) had no diagnosis for a TEE in the 12-month pre-index period. The
index date was the date of the first inpatient diagnosis of a TEE.
Healthcare cost associated with treating TEEs in the first year of treatment (12-months post-index) was estimated and adjusted to 2013 U.S.
dollars.
Results: A total of 145,067 subjects were identified of which 51.4%
were females. The mean ( SD) age at index was 78 ( 8) years. The
number of events per patient-year was 1.3. Ischemic related TEEs were
the most common (0.4 events per patient-year; 31% of all TEEs). The
mean annual healthcare cost associated with treatment of TEEs was
$23,771 (standard error (SE) = $112). In-patient related cost
accounted for 93.4% of the total annual healthcare cost. When inpatient related cost was stratified by type of TEE, mean annual cost
ranged from $15,206 (SE = $131) to $59,103 (SE = $4853). Disseminated intravascular coagulation ($59,103; SE = $4853), cardiac
arrest ($44,625; SE = $1793) and hepatic infarction ($35,724;
SE = $7174) ranked as the top 3 most expensive TEEs.
Conclusion: Healthcare related cost associated with treatment of TEEs
in the elderly may be significant and varies depending on the type of
TEE.
PO109-TUE
The utility of PEmb-QoL and VEINES-QoL/Sym
questionnaires in evaluating quality of life in the
cancer associated thrombosis patient
Prout H1, Nelson A1 and Noble S2
1
Marie Curie Palliative Care Research Group; 2Oncology, Cardiff
University, Cardiff, UK
Background: Whilst the clinical management of cancer associated
thrombosis (CAT) is clearly established, the impact of CAT on the
patients quality of life (QoL) is yet to be formally evaluated. The
majority of research looking at QoL and venous thromboembolism
(VTE) has been conducted in non cancer patients. Likewise, the current validated QoL questionnaires were designed without specific consideration of CAT or the overall cancer journey. We therefore to
ascertain if current validated VTE QoL tools are applicable to CAT?
Aims: A main objective of the study was to ascertain if current validated VTE QoL tools are of meaning and relevenace for CAT
patients?
Methods: Following a semi-structured interview regarding their experiences of CAT, twenty patients completed the PEmb-QoL or VEINESQoL/Sym questionnaire(s) using cognitive interviewing techniques.
The questionnaires were to be analysed using both deductive and
inductive methods
Results: Patients found the tools easy to understand and answer, thus
negating the need for cognitive interview techniques. Thematic analysis suggested, however, that patients felt these tools were of limited
utility in the cancer context since they related predominantly to the
impact of VTE on a background of previous good health. Patients
found it difficult to identify which affected QoL domains were due to
their cancer and which their VTE. Patients viewed themselves primarily as cancer patients and therefore the QoL tools did not adequately
address the daily issues that affected them most.
Conclusion: Just as the treatment of CAT differs fundamentally from
those with VTE and no cancer, so too will the impact of the VTE.
Consequently the current available QoL tools, developed in the non
cancer population have limited utility in evaluating QoL in CAT
patients. Cancer specific QoL tools are therefore needed to holistically
evaluate the impact of VTE in the cancer setting.
Disclosure of Interest: H. Prout: None Declared, A. Nelson: None
Declared, S. Noble Grant/Research Support from: Leo,, Consultant
for: Leo, Pfizer, BMS, Boheringer
PO110-TUE
Patients preferences for the treatment of cancer
associated thrombosis
Noble S1, Maraveyas A2, Matzdorff A3, Holm MV4 and Pisa G5
1
Oncology, Cardiff University, Cardiff; 2Oncology, Hull York
Medical School, York, UK; 3Oncology, Caritasclinic,
Saarbruecken, Germany; 4Leo Pharma, Ballerup, Denmark;
5
Kantar Health, Munich, Germany
Background: Clinical decision-making is based on more than evidence
alone. Although clinical guidelines recommend Low Molecular Weight
Heparin (LMWH) for the treatment of cancer-associated thrombosis
(CAT) it has been suggested patients may favour oral agents such as
warfarin or a Non-vitamin K antagonist Oral Anticoagulants (NOACs) on the grounds of convenience and quality of life. To date, there
has been no evaluation of patient preferences and the importance
CAT patients place on different drug attributes.
Aims: To evaluate what features are most important to CAT patients
regarding their choice of anticoagulant.
Methods: Following an initial qualitative module, a choice-based
experiment was undertaken with 100 CAT patients from Germany
(n = 50) and the UK (n = 50) to identify which attributes were most
important when choosing an anticoagulant. Using conjoint methodology, the relative importance of drug attributes was assessed individually, resulting in the identification of the most valuable attributes of an
anticoagulant.
Results: 61% of the patients in the sample had deep vein thrombosis
(DVT), 35% had pulmonary embolism (PE), and 4% had both. As for
the current VTE therapy, 70% of the patients were treated with anticoagulation by injection (LMWH) and 30% with an oral drug (20%
NOAC, 10% warfarin). Patients most valued an anticoagulant with
minimal interference with their cancer treatment (39%), low thrombosis recurrence rate (24%), and low risk of a major bleed (19%). Preference for oral administration over injection had moderate importance
(13%), whereas risk of minor bleeds, frequency of administration and
monitoring requirements were of minor relevance.
Conclusion: Patients primarily want an anticoagulant that does not
interfere with their cancer treatment, suggesting the primacy of the
cancer disease over VTE for these patients. They also value efficacy
and safety above convenience of route of administration
Disclosure of Interest: S. Noble Grant/Research Support from: LEO
Pharma, Pfizer, Bristol Meyers Squibb, Boheringer Ingelheim, Consultant for: Pfizer, Leo Pharma, Bristol Meyers Squibb, Sanofi Aventis,
A. Maraveyas Grant/Research Support from: LEO Pharma, Pfizer,
Consultant for: Pfizer, Leo Pharma, Sanofi Aventis, A. Matzdorff
Grant/Research Support from: LEO Pharma, Merck Serono, Roche,
ABSTRACTS
Consultant for: AMGEN, GlaxoSmithKline, Baxter, LEO Pharma,
Boehringer Ingelheim, M. Vindt Holm Employee of: Leo Pharma, G.
Pisa Employee of: Leo Pharma
PO111-TUE
Age should not be considered a risk factor for cancerrelated venous thromboembolism: results from the
Scandinavian thrombosis and cancer study
Blix K1,2, Severinsen MT3,4, Brkkan S1,2, Jensvoll H1,2,
Dziewiecka O1, Kristensen SR4,5, Overvad K6,7, Tjnneland A8,
Nss IA9, Hammerstrm J10, Rosendaal FR11, Cannegieter SC11
and Hansen J-B1,2
1
Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT, The Arctic University of
Aalborg University; 5Department of Clinical Biochemistry;
6
Aalborg; 7Department of Public Health, Section for
Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus; 8Diet, Genes and
Copenhagen, Denmark; 9Department of Hematology, Trondheim
University Hospital; 10Department of Cancer Research and
Technology, Trondheim, Norway; 11Department of Clinical
Netherlands
Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is common in cancer
patients and targeted prevention is warranted. It is not known whether
age should be considered a risk factor for VTE in cancer patients.
Aims: To investigate the association between age and VTE risk during
the first year after cancer diagnosis in a population-based cohort.
Methods: Individual data from the Troms Study, the HUNT2 Study
and the Diet, Cancer and Health Study were merged and a total of
137,273 initially cancer-free subjects were followed from inclusion
(199397) until 2010. Cancer diagnoses were provided by the national
cancer registries, and VTE events were validated in all three cohorts.
Regional committees of research ethics approved the study, and participants gave their informed written consent.
Results: A total of 386 VTE events were observed among 13,024 subjects diagnosed with cancer during follow-up. The incidence rates (IR)
were between 1621 per 1000 person-years (PY) in all ten-year categories up to 80 years, but was slightly higher in those 80 (IR 31 per
1000 PY). In the analyses on cancer types, only patients with prostate
cancer had a clearly higher risk of VTE at high age. Here, IRs ranged
between 05 per 1000 PY for the age-groups below 80 years, but
increased to 36 per 1000 PY in patients above 80 years. For other subtypes of cancer (i.e. lung-, brain-, colorectal- and ovarian cancer) there
was no trend across age-categories, and for pancreatic cancer there
was even an inverse relationship between VTE and advanced age.
Conclusion: We found a slightly higher risk of cancer-related VTE in
patients 80 years than in younger patients. However, this finding
was inconsistent across cancer sites, and was mainly due to a higher
risk of VTE in prostate-cancer patients 80 years. Thus, we suggest
that age should neither be considered a risk factor for cancer-related
VTE nor included in risk prediction models
549
PO112-TUE
Cancer-related venous thromboembolism in the
general population: results from the Scandinavian
Thrombosis and Cancer (STAC) study
Blix K1,2, Severinsen MT3,4, Brkkan S1,2, Jensvoll H1,2,
Dziewiecka O1, Kristensen SR4,5, Overvad K6,7, Tjnneland A8,
Nss IA9, Hammerstrm J10, Rosendaal FR11, Cannegieter SC11
and Hansen J-B1,2
1
Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT, The Arctic University of
Aalborg University; 5Department of Clinical Biochemistry;
6
Aalborg; 7Department of Public Health, Section for
Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus; 8Diet, Genes and
Copenhagen, Denmark; 9Department of Hematology, Trondheim
University Hospital; 10Department of Cancer Research and
Technology, Trondheim, Norway; 11Department of Clinical
Netherlands
Background: Cancer patients are reported to have a 47 fold increased
risk of VTE. However, these estimates are mainly retrieved from registry studies without validated VTE events or confounder information,
and are based on long-term follow-up.
Aims: To study the association between cancer and risk of VTE focusing on duration of follow-up after cancer diagnosis in a populationbased cohort.
Methods: Participants were recruited from the Troms IV Study, the
HUNT2 Study and the Diet, Cancer and Health Study, and 137,273
subjects were followed from inclusion (199397) to 2010. Cancer diagnoses were obtained from the national cancer registries, and VTE
events were validated in all three cohorts. Regional ethical committees
approved the study, and participants gave their informed written consent.
Results: Overall, 3% of the cancer patients were diagnosed with VTE
over the study period and cancer explained 20% of all VTEs. The VTE
rates were 12 per 1000 person-years (PY) in the last 6 months before
cancer diagnosis, 29 per 1000 PY in the 06 month period, and 8 per
1000 PY in the 612 month period after diagnosis. The 1-year hazard
ratio (HR) for VTE by cancer was 12-fold increased (HR 11.7; 95%
CI 10.113.6), and declined to 5.8 (95% CI 5.16.6) when follow-up
was extended to the first 5 years. The 1-year HR was highest for pancreatic (HR 39.3; 95% CI 22.269.4), lung (HR 30.5; 95% CI 22.8
40.9) and brain cancer (HR 25.9; 95% CI 14.347.0), and was lowest
for breast- and prostate cancer (HR 5.5; 95% CI 3.29.7 and HR 2.7;
95% CI 1.54.7, respectively). At the population level, lung-, colorectal- and prostate cancer explained the largest proportion of VTEs.
Conclusion: We found that the VTE risk in cancer patients is strongly
related to time of cancer diagnosis and that the majority of VTEs
occur within a year. This suggests that time-restricted estimates should
be used in risk prediction models.
550
ABSTRACTS
PO113-TUE
Incidence, risk factors, and outcome of early
hemostatic complications in patients after allogeneic
hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a
retrospective multicenter study of 551 patients
Yue H1,2, Depei W1,2, Wei H1,2, Jie W1,2, Zhaoyue W1,2 and
Changgeng R1,2
1
Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of
Soochow University; 2Institute of Hematology of Jiangsu
Province, Suzhou, China
Background: Hemostatic disorders are common and potentially fatal
complications in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stemcell transplantation. However, Limited data exists on early diagnosis
and prevention of these complications.
Aims: To ingestivet incidence, risk factors, and outcome of early hemostatic complications in patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell
transplantation.
Methods: 551 allogeneic transplantation recipients were enrolled to
investigate the incidence, risk factors, and outcome of thrombotic or
bleeding complications in the first 100 days after transplantation. Of
all the patients, 261 cases (47.4%) developed bleeding events, the
cumulative incidence of minor, moderate, and severe bleeding was
28.9%, 14.9% and 3.8%, respectively.
Results: The incidence of thrombotic complications was 4.5%, consisting of 15 cases of veno-occlusive disease, 7 thrombotic microangiopathy, 2 pulmonary embolism, and 1 deep vein thrombosis. Risk factor
analysis demonstrated that veno-occlusive disease, II-IV acute graftvs.-host disease (GVHD) and cord blood transplantation were independent predictors for bleeding complications in multivariant analysis .
Meanwhile, mismatched donor, polyomavirus BK infection, cytomegalovirus infection and II-IV acute GVHD were potential risk factors for
late-onset hemorrhagic cystitis, while total body irradiation conditioning regimen and high-risk disease status prior to transplantation were
significantly associated with the occurrence of thrombotic disorders.
Severe hemorrhage and early-onset of thrombotic disorders independently increased the mortality of allogeneic transplantation recipients.
Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that hemostatic complications
following transplantation have much high mortality. Therefore, early
diagnosis and therapeutic intervention of hemostatic complications
are crucial to improve the outcome of allogeneic hematopoietic stem
cell transplantation recipients.
PO114-TUE
Detection of hypercoagulability in hepatocellular
carcinoma (HCC)
Spiezia L1, Rodriguez-Castro K2, Campello E1, Zanetto A2,
Gavasso S1, Woodhams B3, Senzolo M2, Burra P2 and Simioni P1
1
Department of Medicine; 2Multivisceral Transplant Unit,
Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology,
University Of Padua, Padua, Italy; 3Haemacon Ltd, Bromley, UK
Background: Patients with liver cirrhosis are generally considered to
have an increased bleeding risk but are now thought to also have
increased thrombotic risk.
Aims: To evaluate global hypercoagulability in cirrhotic patients with
and without hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using factor FVIIa-antithrombin complex (FVIIa-AT), a marker for tissue factor expression/
activity, procoagulant microparticles activity (PPL) as a marker of cellular blood components activation and activated TAFI as a measure
of fibrinolysis activation.
Methods: The results in cirrhosis patients with HCC (n = 33) were
compared with those of a non-HCC group (n = 33) with liver cirrhosis
and a group of healthy (n = 33) volunteers. Informed consent was

obtained from all subjects.
The FVIIa-AT, FVIIa activity, AT, procoagulant activity (PPL) and
activated TAFI (TAFIa/ai) was measured in all samples.
Results: The levels of FVIIa-AT were similar in the HCC and nonHCC group (60 14 vs. 61 24 pM). FVIIa-AT in HCC patients
was significantly lower than in healthy subjects (108 18 pM,
P < 0.05). The levels of FVIIa were significantly lower in HCC and
non-HCC (61 20 and 52 21 mU mL1, respectively) than in the
group of healthy controls (94 22 mU mL1, P < 0.05). AT was significantly lower in both HCC and non-HCC (61 20 and 61 26%)
compared with controls (98 15%, P < 0.005). PPL activity in HCC
was significantly lower in the healthy subjects (61 10 v 81 8 s,
P < 0.01) and similar to those found in non-HCC (61 24 s). A
shortening of the PPL clotting time reflects increased procoagulant
activity. No increase in TAFI activations was seen.
Conclusion: The coagulation pathway is down regulated in cirrhotic
patients, with and without HCC while the cellular/microparticle
derived procoagulant activity is up regulated. If this in vitro hypercoagulability due to increased PPL activity reflects the in vivo state
remains to be established. Further studies are required to see if this has
clinical relevance.
Disclosure of Interest: L. Spiezia: None declared, K. Rodriguez-Castro:
None declared, E. Campello: None declared, A. Zanetto: None
declared, S. Gavasso: None declared, B. Woodhams Shareholder of:
Haemacon Ltd, M. Senzolo: None declared, P. Burra: None Declared,
P. Simioni: None declared.
PO115-TUE
Role of arterial cardiovascular risk factors in the
pathogenesis of cancer related VTE
Dentali F, Pinotti G, Mantiero M, Pastore A and Ageno W
Clinical Medicine, Insubria University, Varese, Italy
Background: Risk scores were developed to identify cancer outpatients
at high risk for venous thromboembolic events (VTE) but current evidences are insufficient to recommend a routine use of antithrombotic
prophylaxis even in high risk patients. Several studies suggested that
arterial cardiovascular risk factors may be involved also in the pathogenesis of VTE. However, to date, no study has properly assessed if
these risk factors may have a role also in the pathogenesis of cancer
associated VTE.
Aims: To assess the role of cardiovascular risk factors including
abdominal obesity, diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, smoking
and dyslipidemia in the pathogenesis of VTE in a large cohort of consecutive cancer patients
Methods: Patients with a new diagnosis of cancer evaluated at the
ambulatory of the Oncology Clinic of Varese, Italy were included.
VTE incidence was recorded during a 6-month follow-up period. Univariate and subsequent multivariate analyses were performed to identify independent VTE predictors.
Results: 1309 patients (mean age 62.3 years, 63% males) were
included, 68.5% were on chemotherapy. Complete follow up was
available for the whole population. At the end of follow up, 66
patients (5.04%) had a VTE. At the univariate analysis smoking (OR
2.45, 95% CI 1.31, 4.59) and hypertension (OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.00,
2.66) were significantly associated with VTE risk whereas DM, obesity
and dyslipidemia were not. Furthermore, age, previous VTE, very high
risk cancer type (stomach and pancreas) and presence of metastasis
were significantly or marginally significant associated with VTE
(P < 0.10). At the multivariate analysis only previous VTE and very
high risk cancer type remained significantly associated with VTE (OR
13.77, 95% CI 6.94, 27.34 and 2.31, 95% CI 1.29, 4.13 respectively)
Conclusion: The role of traditional cardiovascular risk factors in the
pathogenesis of cancer related VTE appeared limited. Other studies
are necessary to confirm our preliminary findings.
ABSTRACTS
Disclosure of Interest: F. Dentali Grant/Research Support from: Bayer, BMS/Pfizer, Boheringer, Consultant for: Bayer, G. Pinotti: None
DECLARED, M. Mantiero: None declared, A. Pastore: None
declared, W. Ageno: None declared.
PO116-TUE
Factors influencing the use of thromboprophylaxis in
ambulatory cancer patients in the real world clinical
practice
pez-Picazo JM4, GilPanizo E1,2, Alfonso A1, Garca-Mouriz A3, Lo
4
5
1
Bazo I , Hermida J , Paramo JA and Lecumberri R1
1
Hematology, University Clinic of Navarra, Pamplona;
2
Hematology, Hospital Universitario Sanchinarro, Madrid;
3
Informatics; 4Oncology, University Clinic of Navarra; 5Division
of Cardiovascular Sciences, Centre of Applied Medical Research,
Pamplona, Spain
Background: Some studies described the factors that influence thromboprophylaxis in hospitalized cancer patients, but there are few data
in ambulatory patients. Current guidelines do not recommend routine
thromboprophylaxis in this setting. However, the benefit/risk ratio
may favor it in a subgroup of high-risk patients.
Aims: To prospectively evaluate factors influencing thromboprophylaxis use in cancer patients receiving ambulatory chemotherapy in the
real world clinical practice at an academic center.
Methods: Consecutive adult patients with an active malignancy receiving ambulatory chemotherapy were included. Those under therapeutic
anticoagulation were excluded. Risk factors for VTE were collected by
using a software linked to our Clinical Records System. Patients were
followed for 90 days. LMWH use, incidence of VTE and major bleeding during follow-up were obtained through medical records review or
by telephone interview.
Results: Between November 2008 and December 2010, 1108 patients
(mean age 58 12 years; 49% male) were included (Khoranas score:
46% low, 47% intermediate, 7% high). LMWH prophylaxis (median
duration 24 days) was given at any time to 264 patients (23.8%). After
multivariable logistic regression, the strongest predictors of LMWH
prescription were intercurrent hospitalization and previous VTE
(P < 0.001). Thomboprophylaxis was also more frequent in male
patients (P = 0.04) or those receiving first-line chemotherapy
(P = 0.007). Recent surgery was negatively associated with the use of
LMWH (P = 0.02).
During follow-up, 58 VTE events were observed, 10 of them despite
LMWH use. The only independent predictor of VTE was the malignancy origin (OR 3.48, 95%CI 1.438.46 and OR 2.52, 95%CI 1.19
5.28 for pancreas and lung cancer, respectively). 9 major bleeding
events were recorded, 4 of them associated with LMWH prophylaxis.
Conclusion: In the real world clinical practice, the use of LMWH prophylaxis in ambulatory cancer patients is limited. The influence of concomitant risk factors for VTE is highly variable.
Disclosure of Interest: E. Panizo: None Declared, A. Alfonso: None
Declared, A. Garca-Mouriz: None Declared, J. L
opez-Picazo: None
Declared, I. Gil-Bazo: None Declared, J. Hermida: None Declared, J.
P
aramo: None Declared, R. Lecumberri Grant/Research Support
from: Laboratorios Farmaceuticos Rovi
551
PO117-TUE
Residual vein thrombosis to asses the duration of low
molecular weight heparin (the extended cancerDACUS)
Napolitano M1, Saccullo G1, Raso S1, Mancuso S1, Casuccio A2
and Siragusa S1
1
UO Ematologia; 2University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
Background: The optimal duration of Low Molecular Weight Heparin
(LMWH) after cancer associated deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is
unknown; current guidelines suggest to prolong anticoagulation until
cancer is active.
Aims: We prospectively evaluated a RVT-based management of
patients with cancer-associated DVT;LMWH treatment was extended
up to 2 years in patients at high-risk of recurrent DVT for persistent
RVT
Methods: Patients were included at the time of a first diagnosis of cancer-associated DVT of the lower limbs. All received LMWH at therapeutic dosage for the first month then reduced at 75% for the following
months. After 6 months, RVT was evaluated: patients without RVT
(suspended treatment, while those with RVT continued LMWH for up
to 2 years. Recurrent thrombosis and/or bleeding events were recorded
during treatment and one year after LMWH withdrawal. Baseline differences between groups were assessed by the chi-square test (Yates
correction) for categorical variables and ANOVA test or KruskalWallis test for parametric and nonparametric analyses. Relative risks
(RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were evaluated
Results: Overall, 211 cancer patients were enrolled; RVT was detected
in 129 patients (61.1%). Recurrent VTE occurred in 19 (14.7%); 4 episodes (3.1%) occurred while on heparin. Among patients without
RVT (82), 3 (3.6%) developed recurrent VTE (after LMWH therapy).
Adjusted HR for RVT vs. no-RVT group was 5.8 (95% CI, 1.9 to
19.2; P 0.0003). Three major bleeding events occurred in RVT group
and one in no-RVT group (during LMWH administration). The HR
for major bleeding (RVT vs. no-RVT group) was 2.58 (95% CI, 0.66
to 12.43;p 0.103). Overall, 44 patients (20.8%) died during follow-up
for cancer progression.
Conclusion: In patients without RVT, a short period of treatment with
a LMWH is sufficient; in those with persistent RVT, treatment
extended to 2 years substantially reduces, but does not eliminate, the
risk of recurrent thrombosis. However, when still on LMWH, the risk
for recurrent VTE is low
PO118-TUE
Between a rock and a hard place: conundrums in the
management of cerebral sinovenous thrombosis
(CSVT) in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
(ALL)/lymphoma
Athale U1, Robertson J2, Rolland M3, Moharir M4, Williams S5,
Chan A1 and Brandao L6
1
Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; 2Pediatrics,
Lady Cilento Childrens Hospital; Childrens Health Queensland,
Brisbane, Australia; 3Pediatric Hematology/Oncology; 4Pediatrics
Neurology, The Hospital for Sick Children; 5Pediatric
Hematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children; 6Peditaric
Hematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto,
Canada
Background: Anticoagulation therapy (ACT) for CSVT in patients
(pts) receiving antileukemic therapy is challenging, especially in presence of a bleed or at risk for coagulopathy.
Aims: To describe ACT and outcomes of CSVT in pts receiving asparaginase-(ASP)-based chemotherapy.
552
ABSTRACTS
Methods: Diagnosis, therapy, and outcome data of pts consecutively

diagnosed with CSVT at the two participating centers between 2000
2014 were collected. ACT and CSVT imaging protocols were in place
in both centers. Ethics approval was obtained with consent waiver.
Results: Thirty-three pts [mean (range) age: 9.1 (218) years, 20 boys]
had CSVT; 7/33 (21%) presented with intracerebral hemorrhage.
Thirty-two pts (96%) received ACT [unfractionated/low molecular
weight heparin (LMWH) (16), LMWH alone (16)] at a mean of 1.3 (0
27) days after CSVT diagnosis. Mean ACT duration was 7 (118)
months. ACT associated bleeding occurred in 2 pts; 1 major (bleed at
diagnosis) and 1 minor (no prior bleed). CSVT progressed in 7 (21%)
pts; 5 in first 2 weeks. Two of 7 pts with initial bleed had progression
compared to 5 of 25 without bleed (P = 0.63). Progression was associated with chemotherapy phase (ALL Induction 37% vs. post-induction 6%, P = 0.04). Radiological complete/near complete resolution
was attained in 22/32 (69%) pts [mean time: 3.7 (111) months]. No
CSVT-related deaths occurred and 5 (15%) pts had neurologic sequelae. ASP data were missing for 3 pts; 1 had completed ASP prior to
CSVT. Of remaining, 24/29 (83%) had ASP re-instated with LMWH
without CSVT progression and 5 discontinued (2 CSVT-related, 3
other).
Conclusion: In children receiving myelosuppressive therapy, ACTassociated major bleeding (3%) is comparable to that reported in literature for CSVT in children, and ACT resulted in resolution of CSVT
in 69% pts. CSVT diagnosis during induction therapy is associated
with higher risk of progression indicating the need for optimization of
ACT during this phase of antileukemic therapy. ASP therapy can be
safely re-instated with concurrent ACT.
PO119-TUE
A prospective study on the incidence of postoperative
venous thromboembolism in Korean colorectal cancer
patients
Lee E1,2, Kang S-B3, Choi SI4, Chun EJ4, Bang S-M1, Kim D-W3,
Oh H-K3, Lee J-O1, Kim JW1, Kim YJ1, Kim JH1, Lee JS1 and
Lee K-W1
1
Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital,
Seongnam; 2Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College
of Medicine, Seoul; 3Surgery; 4Radiology, Seoul National
University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea, Republic of
Korea
Background: To prevent postoperative venous thromboembolism
(VTE), perioperative pharmacologic thrombophylaxis is recommended for all surgical cancer patients in Western guidelines. However, Asian patients are known to have lower risk of VTE than
Western patients.
Aims: This prospective study was conducted to investigate incidence
and risk factors of postoperative VTE in Korean patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) receiving major abdominal surgery.
Methods: This study was composed of two cohorts. All patients did
not receive perioperative pharmacologic thrombophylaxis. In cohort
A, patients were routinely screened for the development of VTE with
lower-extremity Doppler ultrasonography (LE-DUS) on postoperative
days 512; thereafter, LE-DUS or other studies were conducted only
when symptoms/signs suspicious for VTE developed. In cohort B, routine LE-DUS was not conducted; image studies were carried out only
if there was a clinical suspicion of VTE development. The primary
endpoint was the incidence of postoperative VTE in 4 weeks after surgery in cohort A. Risk factors for postoperative VTE were also analyzed.
Results: Between September 2011 and March 2014, 548 patients (400
in cohort A and 148 in B) were enrolled at Seoul National University
Bundang Hospital. In cohort A, the incidence of VTE in 4 weeks after
surgery was 3.0% (n = 12). Among these 12 patients, 8 patients had

distal calf vein thrombosis and only one patient had symptomatic
thrombosis. Age 70 years [odds ratio (OR) 5.61; P = 0.048], two or
more comorbidities (OR 13.42; P = 0.025) and leukocytosis
(> 10,000 lL1; OR 17.43; P = 0.002) were independent risk factors
for postoperative VTE development. In cohort B, only one symptomatic postoperative VTE case (0.7%) was observed.
Conclusion: Postoperative VTE in Korean CRC patients was only
3.0%. In Asian cancer patients, perioperative pharmacologic thrombophylaxis needs to be based on a risk-based approach rather than
routine basis.
PO120-TUE
Thromboembolic events in children with cancer in
Srinagarind hospital
Komvilaisak P, Jetsrisuparb A, Wiangnon S and Sripraya P
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen
University, Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen, Thailand
Background: The previous reported incidence of symptomatic venous
thromboembolism (VTE) in children with cancer ranges between 2.1
and 16%. The incidence rate of VTE in Thai children was 3.9/10,000
hospital per year.
Aims: To describe clinical manifestations, precipitating factors, treatment and outcome in children with cancer who developed VTE
Methods: 611 children diagnosed with cancer from 2009 to 2014 were
retrospectively reviewed. Only children with thrombosis are included.
Results: The incidence of thrombosis is 13/611(2.12%)[7 females and 6
males (age 22 month to 16 years)]. Cancer types include B-cell acute
lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)(5), T-cell ALL(1), Lymphoma(1), wilms tumor (2), endodermal sinus tumor (1), rhabdomyosarcoma (1),
hepatoblastoma(1), craniopharyngioma (1). Precipitating factors for
thrombosis are from L-asparaginase(3), central line catheter
(CVL = 3), tumor compression(5), sinusitis(1) and unknown(1). The
presenting symptoms depending on location of thrombosis include
hemiparesis (1), seizure(3), ophthalmoplegia(1), asymptomatic(4), leg
swelling(3), dyspnea(1). Locations of thrombosis are as follows; arterial stroke=3(right MCA, unilateral Pon, and right cerebellar hemisphere), cavernous sinus(1), sagittal sinus(1), inferior vena cava (IVC)
(2), deep venous of leg (4), pulmonary embolism(1), renal vein (2), left
hepatic and middle hepatic vein(1). Treatment for thrombosis are
given as following; complete course of LMWH=7, no anticoagulantion=2, standard heparin=1, incomplete course of LMWH=2, and
ongoing LMWH=1. The outcome of thrombosis treatment is death
from pontine stroke(1), and from diseases(3), complete resolution of
thrombosis and alive(8), and ongoing treatment(1).
Conclusion: The incidence of thrombosis is similar to previous studies.
Risk factors of thrombosis are from tumor itself, treatment and CVL.
Anticoagulation is more precise to completely resolve the thrombosis.
Awareness of VTE is influenced to the outcome of thrombosis and
cancer.
ABSTRACTS
PO121-TUE
Thromboembolic complications in patients with
lymphoma
Antic D1, Nikolovski S2, Milic N3, Djurasinovic V2, Vukovic V2,
Mihaljevic B1 and on behalf of Serbian Lymphoma Group
1
Clinical Center Serbia, Clinic For Hematology. Medical Faculty,
University In Belgrade; 2Clinical Center Serbia, Clinic For
Hematology; 3Institute for medical statistic, Medical faculty,
Belgrade, Serbia
Background: An increased risk for thromboembolism in cancer
patients has been observed in patients with solid tumours, whereas little data exist on malignant lymphoma. In few published studies the
rate of thrombotic complications in lymphoproliferative disease is
highly variable
Aims: Aim of our study was to determine incidence of thromboembolic
events (TE) in patients with non Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), Hodgkin
lymphoma (HL) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) who were
treated in our institution and as well as to assess utility of Khorana
and Padua scores in analyzed group of patients .
Methods: We reviewed all medical records of patients with with NHL,
HL and CLL diagnosed according to the World Health Organisation
classification and treated at our institution between January 2006 and
Decembre 2014.
Results: A total of 1596 patients, with malignant lymphoma were eligible for analysis. Out of our lymphoma patients, 71 (4.4%) had one
TE. A total of 36 patients were men and 35 women with mean age of
64.5 years. Thromboembolic events included deep vein thrombosis
(n = 29), pulmonary embolism (n = 6), vena jugularis interna thrombosis (n = 9), CNS thrombosis (n = 6), arterial thrombosis (n = 2) and
other (n = 19). A total of 49 TE (72%) occurred during treatment and
during 3 months after completion of therapy, whereas 22 TE (28%)
were diagnosed prior to therapy. Most of patients with TE had aggressive NHL (n = 57, 80.3%). Only 12 patients (16.9%) were classified as
high risk patients for TE development with Chorana score while using
Padua score 29 patients (40.8%) were assessed with increased risk for
TE.
Conclusion: We need a better score to help discriminate between
patients with lymphoma at high and low risk of VTE. The adoption of
adequate thromboprophylaxis in high-risk patients during hospitalization leads to longstanding protection against thromboembolic events
with a low risk of bleeding.
PO122-TUE
Selection of anticoagulation therapy in cancer patients
Vorobev A and Makatsaria A
Faculty of an Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Moscow State
Medical Sechenov University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Background: Thrombophilia is a serious risk factor for cancer patient:
Aims: To determine the optimal mode of appointment of antithrombotic prophylaxis in perioperative period in cancer patients
Methods: The study involved 889 patients with gynecological cancer in
the perioperative period.
Group I LMWH for 10 days before surgery 0.3 mL, cessation of
therapy 24 h before surgery, then 0.3 mL for 10 days postoperatively
213 patients
Group II LMWH 24 h before surgery, then 0.3 mL for 10 days in
postoperative period 212.
Group III LMWH 0.3 mL for 10 days postoperatively 216.
Group IV unfractionated heparin 5000 IU 3 times a day for 10 days
in the postoperative period 248.
553
Results: Before surgery rate of subcompensated DIC was 18.550%.

After surgery rate of subcompensated DIC has increased significantly
to 5275%.
In group I, normal levels of DIC markers (TAT, PF4, F1 + 2) has
been observed in 13 days.
In group II normalization of DIC markers has been observed in 3
5 days.
In group III DIC markers tended to normalize in 57 days.
In group IV normalization of DIC markers has been detected only on
the 7th day. D-dimer in some patients remained heightened for up to
10 days. In addition, 28 patients (13.7%) formed extensive bruising in
the painful injection.
Conclusion: The proposed scheme prophylaxis: LMWH 10 days before
surgery and cancel 24 h prior to surgery, then 0.3 mL for 10 days in
the postoperative period virtually eliminates the risk of thrombosis
and contributes normalization of DIC markers in 3 days. This scheme
could be recommended for all cancer patients as a minimum program.
PO123-TUE
DIC and thrombophilia during chemotherapy and its
prevention approaches in ovarian cancer patients
Vorobev A
Faculty of an obstetrics and gynecology, The First Moscow State
Medical Sechenov University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Background: Chemotherapy are additional risk factor for thrombosis
in cancer patients.
Aims: To determine necessary range of laboratory tests for a highgrade estimation of haemostasis state in patients undergoing chemotherapy
Methods: 116 patients undergoing chemotherapy divides at random on
2 groups:
I group: 56 received biosimilar LMWH Hemapaxan 4000 IU before
each chemotherapy curse.
II group: 60 without any anticoagulant prophylaxis during chemotherapy.
Laboratory tests: Platelet aggregation tests, DIC and thrombophilia
marker tests: D-dimer, TAT complexes, F1 + 2 prothrombin. Fibrinolytic activity tests: determine PAI level, Protein C and S levels
Results: Before operation thrombofilia and DIC was detected in 65%,
subcompensated forms was in 35%.
In postoperative period in 96% were detected thrombofilia and DIC.
The rate of subcompensated forms of DIC was 57%, decompensated
21%.
We have detected the sign of thrombofilia and DIC in more than 90%
patient during chemotherapy. The rate of the subcompensated forms
of DIC was 30%, decompensated 23%. It was observed damage of
fibrinolytic activity due to iatrogenic effects of chemotherapy: reduction in proteins C and S levels, increase PAI concentration, platelets
hyperaggregation in ristotetin presence.
In I group normalization of lab test results was detected during 2
3 days after chemotherapy course in comparison with II group normalisation was in 57 days in 22% and in 712 day in 58%, in 20%
was not registered spontaneous normalisation
Conclusion: Due to endothelium protection activity LMWH in ovarian
cancer patients during chemotherapy significantly reduce intensity of
thrombofilia and DIC. 8590% patients with cancer of female genitals
required permanent preventive anticoagulant prophylaxis
554
ABSTRACTS
PO124-TUE
Mortality following venous thromboembolism: a
population-based cohort study in patients with active
cancer
Martinez C1, Katholing A1, Rietbrock S1 and Cohen A2
1
Institute for Epidemiology, Statistics and Informatics GmbH,
Frankfurt, Germany; 2Department of Haematological Medicin,
Guys and St Thomas Hospital, London, UK
Background: Patients with active cancer associated venous thromboembolism (VTE) have high risk of mortality. However studies on age
and sex related mortality are limited.
Aims: N/A.
Methods: A population based observational cohort study was undertaken to estimate the incidence of mortality in patients with a first
active cancer-related VTE. The source population consisted of all
patients in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink with additional
linked information on hospitalisations and cause of death. All VTE
events between 2001 and 2011 were identified using a validated algorithm. VTE events were defined as cancer-related if a clinical diagnosis
or therapy for cancer was recorded in the 90 days before or after the
VTE. Patients were followed up for their vital status. Mortality was
estimated using survival analyses.
Results: There were 6592 active cancer-associated VTE with a total of
7143 person-years of follow up. The mortality risk following VTE was
64.5% after 1 year, 79.0% after 3 years, 83.0% after 5 years and
88.1% after 10 years. Mortality rates were 73.9 (71.975.9) per 100
person years and plateaued between 30 to 69 years.
Age-specific mortality rates for those under 30 years were higher in
females than males but lower than among those over 30.
Conclusion: The mortality risk following VTE was considerable in
patients with active cancer.
Disclosure of Interest: C. Martinez Grant/Research Support from: IfESI has received grants for investigator-initiated studies from Bayer
Pharma AG, BMS-Pfizer and CSL Behring, Consultant for: Bayer
Pharma AG and Boehringer Ingelheim, A. Katholing Grant/Research
Support from: IfESI has received grants for investigator-initiated studies from Bayer Pharma AG, BMS-Pfizer and CSL Behring, S. Rietbrock Grant/Research Support from: IfESI has received grants for
investigator-initiated studies from Bayer Pharma AG, BMS-Pfizer and
CSL Behring, A. Cohen Consultant for: Bayer, Boheringer-Ingelheim,
BMS, Daiichi, GSK, Johnson and Johnson, Mitsubishi Pharma, Pfizer, Portola, Sanofi, Schering Plough, Takeda, XO1, UK Government
Health Select Committee, the Department of Health, the NHS, Lifeblood and the Coalition to Prevent Venous Thromboembolism.
PO125-TUE
Evaluation of mean platelet volume as a predictive
marker for venous thromboembolism and mortality in
patients treated for diffused large B-cell lymphoma
Rupa-Matysek J, Gil L and Komarnicki M
Department of Hematology, Poznan University of Medical
, Poland
Sciences, Poznan
Background: Published data suggest that mean platelet volume (MPV)
is associated with risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and mortality in patients with cancer.
Aims: We evaluated the association of MPV with VTE and mortality
in patients treated for newly diagnosed or relapsed/refractory diffused
large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).
Methods: Analyses for symptomatic VTE occurrence and all caused
mortality were performed in 184 adult patients (pts) with DLBCL
(median age 59, range 1898, 55% males), 141 pts newly diagnosed
and 43 with relapse/refractory lymphoma.
Results: During the observation (median 499 days, range 21 855), 39

(21.2%) pts developed thrombotic events and 39 pts died (relapse/
refractory disease 10, infections 7, toxicity 2, cardiac arrest 16,
secondary malignancies 2, ischemic stroke 2 pts). In univariate
analysis, including age, male gender, MPV 10th percentile
( 6.11 fl), platelet count, treatment line (relapse/refractory vs. newly
diagnosed) and VTE risk (Khorana model), only MPV (OR 2.01; 95%
CI 1.233.29, P = 0.0053) and treatment line were associated with
VTE. In multivariate logistic regression model, MPV 10th percentile
(OR 1.81; 95%CI 1.063.11, P = 0.03) and treatment line (OR 2.46;
95%CI 1.663.65, P < 0.001) were significantly associated with the
VTE occurrence. In the Kaplan-Meier analysis, pts with MPV > 10th
percentile had statistically significantly longer VTE-free survival than
pts with lower MPV (log rank test=2.71, P = 0.0068).
In a multivariable Cox regression analysis, MPV 10th percentile
(HR 2.49; 95%CI 1.185.21, P = 0.016), male gender (HR 4.31; 95%
CI 1.899.82, P = 0.001), age (HR 1.04; 95%CI 1.021.06, P < 0.001)
and VTE risk (Khorana model-high, HR 3.3; 95%CI 1.189.16,
P = 0.022) significantly correlated with the risk of mortality. The
probability of survival was higher in pts with MPV > 10th percentile
by Kaplan-Meier method (log rank test=3.08, P = 0.0021).
Conclusion: The pre-chemiotherapy MPV value may be useful as a
prognostic factor of VTE and the risk of mortality in patients with
DLBCL.
PO126-TUE
A new generic risk score for predicting venous
thromboembolic events in cancer patients receiving
chemotherapy
Munoz A1, Ziyatdinov A2, Souto JC3, Soria JM2 and Soria JM2
1
~on, Madrid; 2Unit
Oncologia Medica, Hospital Gregorio Maran
3
of Complex Disease, IIB-Sant Pau; Haemostasi and Trombosis
Unit, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is one of the major
causes of cancer-associated mortality. Risk for developing VTE
increases when in chemotherapy, mainly in the outpatient setting. Current risk scores for predicting chemotherapy-associated VTE have
low/moderate discrimination capacity. These models use clinical
parameters. Thrombo inCode (TiC) is a new tool for VTE risk prediction using an algorithm that combines a genetic risk score (GRS) with
subject0 s VTE clinical risk parameters (cancer type and cancer disease
status CDS, included).
Aims: To evaluate whether TiC predicts better the risk for chemotherapy-associated VTE than Khorana score.
Methods: A prospective, observational study including 111 patients
with locally advanced or metastatic cancer (colon, stomach, pancreas
and lung) receiving systemic outpatient chemotherapy. Patients are
followed-up for 6 months. Three predictive models were compared: a)
Khorana score; b) Khorana score plus CDS and c) TiC. Genetic variants included in TiC are FVL, PT, F5 rs118203906 and rs118203905,
F12 rs1801020, F13 rs5985, SERPINC1 rs121909548, SERPINE10
rs2232698 and A1 blood group rs8176719, rs7853989, rs8176743,
rs8176750. Clinical risk factors in TiC are age, sex, family history of
VTE, BMI, smoking, diabetes, type of cancer and CDS. Prediction
capacity of each model was assessed in terms of the discrimination
(area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, AUC)
Results: The incidence of VTE at 6 months was 26% (Mainly in
patients with pancreas cancer-43% >, followed by colorectal). Korana
score had an AUC of 0.509 (95% CI 0.3860.633), Khorana score +
CDS prediction model had an AUC of 0.64 (95% CI 0.5130.767).
Discrimination increased significantly with TiC (AUC: 0.80; 95% CI
0.699 0.897), P < 0.05.
Conclusion: We conclude that TiC predicts chemotherapy-associated
VTE risk significantly better than Khorana score with CDS.
ABSTRACTS
Grupo de Trabajo C
ancer y Trombosis de SEOM: V. Castell
on, V.
Pach
on, J. Calzas, M. Salgado, E. Martnez de Castro, R. Luque.
PO127-TUE
Thromboprophylaxis of ambulant pancreatic cancer
patients: single centre experience utilizing the lessons
from FRAGEM and CONKO-04
Muazzam IA and Maraveyas A
Oncology, Castle Hill Hospital, Cottingham, UK
Background: There is evidence that primary thrmobprophylaxis (TP)
with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) in ambulatory advanced
pancreatic cancer (aAPC) patients results in significant reduction of
venous thromboembolism (VTE).
Aims: Single centre experience with LMWH in APC patients referred
for chemotherapy.
Methods: Between May 2009 and Dec 2014, 67 patients with APC were
referred to Castle Hill Hospital for treatment. All patients received
prophylactic LMWH with weight (wt)-adjusted dalteparin (D). A simplified dosing schema (SDS) avoiding ultra-high dose
(200 u kg1 D) from 3-months schedule of FRAGEM and low dose
(40 mg enoxaparin maintenance) of CONKO-04 was used, i.e. 7500 u
for wt < 50 kg, 10,000 u for 5080 kg and 12,500 u for wt > 80 kg.
LMWH was stopped at clinical best interest, patient preference, serious adverse event (e.g. major bleed) or patient death. Data for cumulative all-site, symptomatic and incidental VTE (as-VTE) and bleeding
while on D is submitted here. Survival data, predicted VTE score
based on Khorana index and duration of LMWH has been collected
and will be presented at the annual meeting.
Results: At the time of diagnosis, mean age of patients was
67 years, 58% were male, 95% had pathologic diagnosis (adenocarcinoma) and 73% had stage IV. Eleven patients (16%) had VTE at presentation and received D as secondary TP. Fifty six (84%) patients
received SDS for primary TP. Most received gemcitabine based chemotherapy but 5 patients were offered best supportive care (only)
along with SDS. Only 5 cumulative recurrent or breakthrough as-VTE
events occurred in all patients (7%). Eight patients (12%) had clinically significant bleeding of which 6 were major by ISTH criteria.
Conclusion: In this real world experience of thromboprophylaxis in
aAPC patients, we found a marked reduction of expected VTE incidence using SDS. We report a higher incidence of major bleeding than
in FRAGEM which can be explained however by the distinctly longer
than 3 months administration of SDS.
PO128-TUE
Treatment of cancer associated thrombosis after the
initial 6 month period
Kessler P, Poul H and Harudova M
Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Hospital Pelhrimov,
Pelhrimov, Czech Republic
Background: The treatment with low-molecular-weight heparin
(LMWH) is recommended for patients with cancer associated thrombosis (CAT) during the first 6 months; the initial dose 200 IU kg1
daily can be reduced to 2/33/4 after 1 month. The therapy should be
reevaluated after 6 month and subsequent therapy using LMWH or
warfarin is recommended indefinitely, unless the cancer is resolved or
any major contraindications arise.
Aims: To analyze the usage of various treatment modalities in CAT
patients after the initial 6 month period according to the course of
cancer.
555
Methods: Eighty-seven patients with CAT were treated with LMWH

during the initial period. The proportion of patients in whom LMWH
was replaced by warfarin during the first 6 months and during the
entire follow up, was analyzed in relation to the course of the cancer.
Results: Six months after the diagnosis of thrombosis 9/29 (31.0%)
patients with complete remission (CR) of the cancer were treated with
warfarin, while only 3/12 (25%), 0/9 (0%), and 1/13 (7.7%) of the
patients with partial remission (PR), stable disease (SD) and progression, respectively, were treated with warfarin. Patients with CR and
PR were more frequently treated with warfarin than patients with SD
or progression (P = 0.02). Thirteen patients died during the first
6 months, and 8 patients were followed <6 months. During the entire
follow up, 25/30 (83.3%) patients with CR switched to warfarin, while
only 5/12 (41.7%), 1/9 (11.1%), and 1/13 (7.7%) patients with PR,
SD, and progression, respectively, were treated with warfarin. The
proportion of patients with CR which switched to warfarin was higher,
than the proportion of patients with PR (P = 0.007), with SD
(P = 0.0003), and with progression (P < 0.0001).
Conclusion: The course of malignant disease is important for the
choice of appropriate therapy of CAT after the initial period of
LMWH therapy.
Coagulation factor V, X, II, XIII II

PO129-TUE
Defining the differential effects of novel
anticoagulants: fXa versus fIIa inhibition on
coagulation and inflammation
Shahzad K1,2, Bock F2, Wei D2, Hongjie W2, Thielmann I3,
Nieswandt B3, Thati M2 and Isermann B2
1
University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan; 2Institute for
Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Magdeburg;
3
Department of Experimental Biomedicine Vascular Medicine
University, W
urzburg, Germany
Background: Thrombin is the key protease in regard to thrombus formation; the same is not true in regard to protease dependent signaling.
Aims: Hence, we postulate that inhibition of either fXa or fIIa may
have comparable effects in regard to coagulation, but convey different
effects in regard to inflammation and receptor dependent regulation of
cellular effects.
Methods: WT mice were either treated with low and high dose of dabigatran or Rivaroxaban for 1 week and then were analyzed for tail
bleeding assay or for arterial injury induced thrombosis formation and
LAD ligation (ischemic/reperfusion) induced myocardial infarction.
Results: Rivaroxaban and dabigatran have comparable dose-dependent effects in regard to bleeding and thrombosis in in vivo models.
However, while fIIa inhibition abrogates the anti-inflammatory effect
of fIIa already at low dosages, e.g. at dosages at which bleeding time is
already prolonged, this is not the case when using the fXa inhibitor
Rivaroxaban. Although Infarcted heart areas were similar in both
groups, fxa inhibition abolished proinflammatory cytokines, IL-6,
TNF-alpha and macrophages infiltration in infarcted heart tissue. In
addition we observed higher levels of blood plasma endogenous activated protein C (aPC) in fXa inhibition group, as compared to in fIIa
inhibition group. Western Blot analysis revealed NF-Kb levels significantly less in fxa inhibited group as compared to fIIa inhibition.
Conclusion: Taken together, these results strongly support that inhibition of fIIa and fXa have similar profiles in regard to the regulation of
hemostasis, but differ in their ability to modulate the inflammatory
response, with fXa inhibition being superior.
556
ABSTRACTS
PO130-TUE
Rivaroxaban associates with factor Xa faster than
apixaban: a potential explanation for their different
effects on tests of coagulation
Yeh C1,2, Dale B3, Leslie B2, Kim PY2, Fredenburgh JC1, Hirsh J1,
Eikelboom J1 and Weitz JI1
1
Medicine; 2Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute,
McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; 3Sansom Institute for
Health Research, University of South Austrailia, Adelaide,
Australia
Background: Rivaroxaban and apixaban are small molecules that
reversibly bind the active site of factor (F) Xa with comparable affinity
and inhibit its activity. Surprisingly, apixaban has less of an effect on
the prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time
(aPTT) than rivaroxaban.
Aims: Although rivaroxaban and apixaban do not require routine
monitoring, there are situations where measuring their anticoagulant
effects is helpful. Therefore, we set out to explain why the two inhibitors have different effects on the PT and aPTT.
Methods: We measured the affinities of rivaroxaban and apixaban for
FXa in purified and plasma systems, and compared their effects on (a)
the PT, aPTT, and thrombin generation, (b) rate of association with
FXa, and (c) prothrombin activation by prothrombinase in a purified
system.
Results: Rivaroxaban and apixaban inhibited FXa with Ki values of
0.5 0.1 and 0.6 0.04 nM, respectively (P = 0.3), indicating that
they bind FXa with similar affinities. However, rivaroxaban inhibited
FXa at a 3-fold faster rate than apixaban (4.5 0.4 and
1.5 0.3 lM s1, respectively; P < 0.001); a difference that persisted
when components of the prothrombinase complex were added and
was also observed in recalcified plasma. In a buffer system, rivaroxaban was 2.6-fold more potent than apixaban at blocking prothrombin
activation by prothrombinase (Ki values of 2.5 0.2 and
6.5 1.3 nM, respectively; P = 0.02). Likewise, in thrombin generation assays in plasma, rivaroxaban prolonged the lag time and suppressed peak thrombin to a greater extent than apixaban.
Conclusion: These findings reveal that despite their similar affinities for
FXa, rivaroxaban associates with the enzyme more rapidly than apixaban and attenuates thrombin generation to a greater extent. These
differences may explain why rivaroxaban prolongs the PT and aPTT
more than apixaban.
PO131-TUE
Generation of a recombinant truncated activated factor
X as anti-hemophilic agent
Abache T1, Dezetter A-S1, Longue A1, Grenier D1, Bourdon C1,
Dagher M-C2, Marlu R2, Fontayne A1, Polack B2 and Plantier J-L1
1
Dir Innov Therapeutique, LFB Biotechnologies, Loos; 2TIMCIMAG TheREX, CNRS, La Tronche, France
Background: A plasma derived activated factor X devoid of its gamma
carboxylated-domain (gla) was demonstrated to restore coagulation in
hemophilic plasmas. The molecule is likely acting in alleviating the
TFPI inhibition of the coagulation initiation.
Aims: To study its mechanism of action and assess its properties
in vivo, a recombinant form of the molecule was produced.
Methods: The cDNA of the molecule was optimized in codon for a
human expression, fused to the synthetic signal peptide MB7 and
cloned in a high efficiency vector (OptiHEK). A furin cleavage site was
inserted between the light- and the heavy chain. A HEK 293F stable
cell line expressing around 810 lg mL1 of protein of interest was
established. The molecule was co-expressed with the human furin
enzyme and produced in batch mode for up to 9 days. The furin level
needs to be finely controlled since its overexpression leaded to a truncation of the heavy chain with the loss of around 5 kDa of material.
Results: Cell conditioned media demonstrated the ability to normalize
hemophilic plasmas (hemophilia A/B and hemophilia A/B with inhibitors) and to possess FXa chromogenic activity. The protein was then
purified using an heparin column followed by a benzamidine column.
Due to the presence of contaminating cleaved product, the resulting
product loses a percentage of its chromogenic activity but kept its ability to correct FVIII deficient plasmas. Thrombin generation assays
were performed following an induction with tissue-factor (0.5 pM) or
cephalin. Following each induction, the correction intervened with a
shortened lag phase and followed a dose response. The truncated FX
molecule (2 lg mL1) was able to generate an amount of thrombin
(peak = 108 nM; ETP = 1571 nM) equivalent to a FVIII correction
between 0.1 U mL1 (peak = 79 nM; ETP = 1030 nM) to 1 U mL1
(peak = 225 nM; ETP = 1538 nM).
Conclusion: The purified material is now ready to be assayed in the
other hemophilic plasmas before being assayed in FVIII deficient
mice.
Disclosure of Interest: T. Abache Employee of: LFB Biotechnologies,
A.-S. Dezetter Employee of: LFB Biotechnologies, A. Longue
Employee of: LFB Biotechnologies, D. Grenier Employee of: LFB
Biotechnologies, C. Bourdon Employee of: LFB Biotechnologies, M.C. Dagher Grant/Research Support from: LFB Biotechnologies, R.
Marlu Grant/Research Support from: LFB Biotechnologies, A. Fontayne Employee of: LFB Biotechnologies, B. Polack Grant/Research
Support from: LFB Biotechnologies, J.-L. Plantier Employee of: LFB
Biotechnologies.
PO132-TUE
Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of severe
factor VII deficiency patients in Central China
Liu H, Wang H, Tang L, Cheng Z, Wang Q, Hu B, Hu Y, Hu Y,
Zeng W and Wu Y
Hematology, Wuhan, China
Background: Hereditary factor VII deficiency (FVIID) is a rare autosomal dominant inherited bleeding disorder related to a variety of mutations or polymorphisms throughout the factor VII gene (F7).
Aims: The aim of this study was to characterize the molecular defect of
F7 gene in 7 unrelated patients with severe FVIID and to find genotype-phenotype correlation.
Methods: Mutation detection was performed by sequencing the whole
F7 gene coding region, exon-intron boundaries and 50 and 30 untranslated regions. Family studies were also performed. Multiple sequence
alignment among species and vitamin K-dependent serine proteases
was performed using DNAMAN. Online softwares was used to confirme the pathogenic of the missense mutation.
Results: We identified 11 unique lesions, including 7 missense mutations, 4 splice junction mutations, among which three were reported
for the first time (p.Glu280Ala, p.Phe388Cys, c.64 + 1G>A). Multiple
sequence alignment using DNAMAN analysis revealed that novel missense mutations were located in residues that highly conserved among
species and vitamin K-dependent serine proteases. Homozygous state
was seen in two unrelated patients, with or without Consanguinity.
Others were compound heterozygotes of two mutations. Null mutations were identified in both alleles of patient 7 who died of CNS in
the neonatal period, and who is the only patient who died from FVII
deficiency in this report.
Conclusion: The majority of missense mutations reported in this study
were located in the trypsin-like serine protease region (five out of six,
p.Thr241Asn,
p.Glu280Ala
p.Phe388Cys,
p.Ser423Ile
and
p.Gly425Cys), suggesting that real attention should be paid to identify
genetic defects in this region, which may also apply to other vitamin K
ABSTRACTS
dependent factors. FVII deficiency patient with null mutation in both
alleles shows severe bleeding symptoms.
PO133-TUE
Fragment-2 inhibition of prothrombinase reveals a
unique enzyme-substrate interface for the plateletbound enzyme
Ayombil F, Haynes LM and Tracy PB
Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Vermont,
Burlington, USA
Background: Prothrombin is composed of fragment-1 which contains
the Gla-domain, fragment-2, and a protease domain. During the hemostatic response, thrombin can cleave prothrombin at Arg155 to
generate the Gla-domainless prethrombin-1 intermediate. Initial cleavage of Prethrombin-1 by membrane-bound prothrombinase generates
fragment-2 and prethrombin-2, one or both of which inhibits PCPS(75% phosphatidylcholine and 25% phosphatidylserine) but not platelet-bound prothrombinase.
Aims: To determine if the differential inhibition of prethrombin-1 activation by PCPS- vs. platelet-bound prothrombinase is due to the difference in substrate binding mediated by fragment-2.
Methods: Product inhibition during prethrombin-1 (1.4 lM) activation was assessed by comparing progress curves of thrombin generation catalyzed by either PCPS- or platelet-bound prothrombinase
(0.5 nM) with theoretical progress curves based on kinetic parameters
(Km = 3.7 vs. 3.2 lM and Vmax = 4.5 vs. 5.5 nM s1; PCPS vs. platelets, respectively). Fragment-2 inhibition was assessed by titrating fragment-2 into prethrombin-1 activation mixtures. Platelets were
obtained from consenting human adults according to the Declaration
of Helsinki.
Results: PCPS-bound prothrombinase catalyzed progress curves for
prethrombin-1 (1.4 lM, 25 C, 1 h) but not platelet-bound prothrombinase did not recapitulate those defined by kinetic parameters, since
0.3 lM vs. 0.06 lM substrate remained in the PCPS- vs. platelet activation mixtures, respectively. Titration of fragment-2 also inhibited
prethrombin-1 activation catalyzed by PCPS- but not platelet-bound
prothrombinase.
Conclusion: Fragment-2 inhibits a critical binding interaction essential
for the effective activation of prethrombin-1 by prothrombinase on
PCPS- but not platelet-bound prothrombinase. This mechanism may
ensure the efficient activation of prethrombin-1 generated at sites of
injury while preventing its activation by prothrombinase bound to
non-platelet surfaces.
PO134-TUE
Novel F10: p.Cys57Arg mutation in a Pakistani severe
FX-deficient proband
Borhany M1, Guillot O2, Rousseau F2, Delbes C2, Fatima N1,
Shamsi T1 and Giansily-Giansily-Blaizot M2
1
National Institute of Blood Disease, NIBD, Karachi, Pakistan;
2
^pital Saint-Eloi,
Departement dHematologie biologique, Ho
CHU Montpellier Montpellier, Montpellier, France
Background: Hereditary deficiency of factor X (FX) is a rare coagulation defect. FX-deficient patients are still scarcely explored in Pakistan
although rare bleeding disorders became quite common as a result of
traditional consanguineous marriages.
Aims: The aim of the study was to give a first insight of FX gene mutations in Pakistani probands.
557
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Methods: Two severe FX-deficient patients from Pakistan were analyzed. Direct sequencing was performed on the coding regions, intron/
exon boundaries and 50 and 30 untranslated regions of the F10 gene.
Results: Both patients were 3 year-old with severe FX-deficiency (FX:
C levels below 2%). They were from consanguineous marriages and
presented with severe clinical symptoms including umbilical cord,
hemarthrosis, bleeding after trauma and bruises. In the first case, F10
genotyping revealed the p.Ala15Asp mutation at the homozygous
state. This mutation has already been reported from India. The second
case was a compound heterozygote for the p.Gly420Arg and the
p.Cys57Arg mutations. The p. Gly420Arg mutation was previously
reported from Costa Rica. The p.Cys57Arg is newly reported. Moreover, the Cys57 residue makes a disulfide bond with Cys62 suggesting
a probably damaging effect of the p.Cys57Arg mutation.
Conclusion: Here, we report the first molecular analysis in Pakistani
proband with a novel mutation in a small series of FX-deficient
patients.
Coagulation factor VIII and Factor

IX II
PO135-TUE
The IL-10 polarized cytokine pattern in innate and
adaptive immunity cells contribute to the development
of FVIII inhibitors
Chaves D1, Silveira ACO2, Santana MAP3 and Martins-Filho OA2
1
rio de
stico e Monitorac~
ao, Centro de
rio, Fundac~
ao
Pesquisa Ren
e Rachou Fiocruz; 3Ambulato
Hemominas, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
Background: Hemophilia A (HA) is a bleeding disorder characterized
by a qualitative or quantitative deficiency of factor VIII (FVIII). Antibodies against FVIII (inhibitors) block the procoagulant activity of
FVIII are present in 1015% of HA patients. The mechanism underlying the immunological events behind the development of inhibitors
remains unknown.
Aims: This study aimed to understand immune response to FVIII in
patients with HA who were positive [HAa-FVIII(+)] (n = 25) or negative [HAa-FVIII()] (n = 30) for inhibitors. Healthy blood donors
were included in the study as controls (n = 30).
Methods: The study was conducted in Fundac~ao Hemominas, Belo
Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The recruitment of participants and
the methodology of the study were approved by the Brazilian ethics
committees. Cytokine profiles [interferon-c (IFNc), tumor necrosis
factor-a (TNF-a), interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-5, and IL-10] of participants0 peripheral blood leukocytes were characterized by intracellular
staining and flow cytometry.
Results: Presence of inhibitors was significantly associated with
decreased frequencies of TNF-a+ monocytes and neutrophils, IL-5+
monocytes, IL-4+ neutrophils, and increased frequencies of IL-10+
neutrophils and T cells. T cells from HAa-FVIII() expressed
increased levels of almost all cytokines. In contrast, HAa-FVIII(+)
showed lower levels of all cytokines in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells,
except IL-10. B cells from HAa-FVIII() expressed increased levels of
IL-4 while those from HAa-FVIII(+) expressed increased levels of IL10. The global cytokine profiles of innate and adaptive immune cells
showed an anti-inflammatory/regulatory pattern in HAa-FVIII(+)
558
ABSTRACTS
and a mixed pattern, with a bias toward inflammatory cytokine profile,

in HAa-FVIII().
Conclusion: The occurrence of these profiles seems to be associated
with presence FVIII inhibitors and could be used in the future as biomarkers for FVIII inhibitors development. This study received financial support of Fundac~ao Hemominas, Fapemig and CNPq.
PO136-TUE
Evaluation of N8-GP long term safety in immune
deficient rats
Offenberg H, Larsen JM, Nowak J and Rasmussen C
Non-clinical Development, Novo Nordisk A/S, Maaloev,
Denmark
Background: N8-GP is a 40 kDa PEGylated human recombinant
coagulation FVIII, intended for the treatment of Haemophilia A.
Conducting chronic toxicity studies in animals using human coagulation factors is challenged by anti-drug antibody development. Attachment of a PEG moiety to a therapeutic drug has been reported in some
cases to induce vacuole formation in various tissues in animals after
long term dosing.
Aims: In order to evaluate the long term safety of N8-GP, toxicity
studies of 26 and 52 weeks duration were conducted in immune deficient rats (Rowett Nude (Crl:NIH-Foxn1rnu) Athymic rat).
Methods: Rats were dosed i.v. every 4th day with 0; 50; 150; 500 or
1200 IU kg1 N8-GP. The following experimental observations were
performed: clinical observations, body weight, food consumption,
ophthalmoscopy, haematology, clinical chemistry, coagulation, urinalysis, toxicokinetics, antibody analysis, organ weights, macroscopic
and microscopic examination of organs. Furthermore, an immuno-histochemical staining method (IHC) was used to examine the distribution of PEG in selected tissues.
Results: N8-GP was well tolerated and there was no difference between
the 26 and 52 weeks dosing. None of the toxicity endpoints were
affected and no treatment related vacuoles were observed. PEG was
not detected by IHC. The studies in immune deficient rats were conducted in order to assess the long term effects of 40 KDa PEGylation
of human recombinant coagulation FVIII. No adverse findings were
observed at doses spanning 501200 IU kg1/fourth day.
Conclusion: The No Observed Adverse Effect Level for N8-GP in the
studies was found to be 1200 IU kg1 every fourth day (highest dose
tested) based on the absence of treatment related adverse findings evaluated by standard toxicological endpoints and complemented by IHC
staining for PEG. The immune deficient rat proved suitable for
chronic toxicity studies and could be considered in cases where a
model is needed for chronic toxicity testing of human proteins found
to be immunogenic in animals.
PO137-TUE
Association of arterial and venous thrombosis with
clotting factor used in patients with hemophilia
Wang J-D
Center of Rare Disease and Hemophilia, Taichung Veterans
General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
Aims: This study evaluated the association between arterial and

venous thrombosis and coagulation factor use among 1099 male
hemophilia patients.
Methods: We used data collected from Taiwans National Health
Insurance Research Database between 1997 and 2010.
Results: There were 9 PWH with ischemic stroke, and 27 with acute
coronary artery syndrome, including 2 myocardial infarction and 25
angina pectoris. Only 2 patients developed venous thrombosis during
the study period. The dosage and frequency of clotting factor concentrate use among PWH who experienced thrombotic events were not
significantly increased within 30 days prior to the occurrence of the
event in comparison to their previous use, P = 0.61 and P = 0.77,
respectively.
Conclusion: The study indicated clotting factor use is not associated
with arterial or venous thrombosis among PWH.
PO138-TUE
Assessing the indication and success of treatment for
haemophilia patients: results from a delphi panel
Iorio A1, Rentz A2, Balantac Z2 and Hoxer CS3
1
McMaster University, ON, Canada; 2Evidera, Bethesda, USA;
3
Novo Nordisk A/S, Sborg, Denmark
Background: Primary prophylaxis (PPX) with regular factor injections
from early childhood is a generally acknowledged treatment goal in
haemophilia A and B. PPX aims to prevent bleeding episodes and can
lead to long-term complications (i.e. joint damage and disability).
International guidelines encourage practice harmonization, but management of haemophilia is complex and differs across treatment settings and geographic regions.
Aims: To investigate which level of consensus could be established
among haemophilia treaters around which baseline patient characteristics influence treatment decisions and what evaluation criteria determine if a treatment regimen is successful.
Methods: Three consecutive rounds of a Delphi survey were circulated
to 15 haemophilia treaters in 12 countries. Initially, participants listed
and prioritized characteristics they consider when deciding a treatment
regimen for a new-to-them patient; evaluation criteria for treatment
success and threshold values for the evaluation criteria for on-demand
(OnD) and PPX patients. Subsequently, participants ranked these
characteristics. Consensus on the relative importance of each characteristic was defined as 70% agreement.
Results: Consensus was reached on 11 of 21 listed baseline characteristics for deciding a treatment regimen for a new patient. The most
important criterion according to panelists was inhibitor status. All
four evaluation criteria for determining the success of treating an acute
bleed reached consensus, as did 4 of 7 for an OnD over time treatment
regimen. Only 4 of 15 criteria for determining the success of a PPX
regimen reached consensus, among which the most important criterion
was frequency of spontaneous joint bleeds.
Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that while PPX treatment in
patients with haemophilia A or B are considered a standard to achieve,
there is a lack of consensus about which criteria are most important
for assessing the achievement of successful prophylaxis.
Disclosure of Interest: A. Iorio Grant/Research Support from: Novo
Nordisk A/S and Bayer AG, Consultant for: Pfizer Inc, A. Rentz
Employee of: Evidera, Z. Balantac Employee of: Evidera, C. Hoxer
Background: A deficiency of coagulation factor VIII or IX exerts a

protective effect on the development of thromboemoblism. However,
it remains unclear whether arterial and venous thromboses in persons
with hemophilia (PWH) are associated with coagulation factor use.
ABSTRACTS
PO139-TUE
Assessing the burden of disease in haemophilia
patients: a qualitative study
Slothuus U1, Field M2 and Hoxer CS1
1
Novo Nordisk A/S, Sborg, Denmark; 2OptumInsight Life
Sciences, Inc., MN, USA
Background: Haemophilia, a rare hereditary haemorrhagic disease,
requires administration of regular clotting factor replacements to prevent and treat bleeds. Management of haemophilia places a considerable burden on patients and their caregivers.
Aims: Assess the burden of haemophilia in U.S. adolescent patients
and primary caregivers.
Methods: IRB approval was obtained for this qualitative study. Male,
moderate to severe haemophilia A or B patients receiving prophylaxis,
aged 13 to 23 (n = 15), and their primary caregivers (n = 7) were
recruited in Chicago, Illinois. Interviews were recorded Oct.Nov.
2014, collated, and themes extracted using thematic text analysis.
Results: The burden degree expressed with having haemophilia varied
and appeared to change with age. Older patients appeared more tolerant of bleed-associated issues. Patients were mixed about being open
with others about having haemophilia. Adolescents struggling with
openness preferred to be socially isolated. Embarrassment, perceptions
of being handicapped and fear of stigmatization were common feelings
among struggling patients. Caregiver perceptions of bleed frequency
and pain levels were lower than patient reported, suggesting patients
were not fully transparent. Caregivers reported higher stress levels caring for a child with haemophilia than caring for their unaffected siblings. Caregivers altered lifestyles to accommodate their perceived
needs of the afflicted child; functional limitations (e.g., participation in
contact sports) and overall quality of life impact were particular frustrations. Some caregivers did not expand their families for fear of having another child with haemophilia.
Conclusion: Haemophilia impacts patients with moderate to severe
haemophilia and their caregivers at varying degrees. Impact nature differs among age groups. Patients embrace and cope more with their disease as they mature, however it is still evident that their condition
influences their lifestyle choices.
Disclosure of Interest: U. Slothuus Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S,
M. Field Consultant for: OptumInsight Life Sciences, Inc., C. Hoxer
PO140-TUE
Comparison of recombinant factor VIII products with
respect to HMWP content and general heterogeneity
Nielsen P1 and Nielsen A2
1
Protein Characterisation; 2Protein Characterisation, Biopharm,
Novo Nordisk A/S, Maaloev, Denmark
Background: Blood clotting factor VIII (FVIII) is a complex 2332
amino acid protein with the domain structure A1-A2-B-A3-C1-C2.
The mature FVIII molecule circulates as a heterodimer consisting of a
heavy and a light chain held together by a metal ion. The B-domain is
not needed for haemostatic function and different forms of recombinant FVIII have been produced including full length and B-domain
truncated/deleted versions.
Aims: Turoctocog alfa (B-domain truncated form) and three commercial recombinant FVIII products (two full length and one B-domain
deleted form) have been compared with respect to the presence of
HMWP species and general heterogeneity of the rFVIII protein.
Methods: The HMWP content of the rFVIII products was elucidated
by Static Light Scattering (SLS)-SE-HPLC and the general heterogeneity of the products was examined by RP-HPLC fractionation followed by mass spectrometry, peptide mapping and N-terminal
sequencing.
559
Results: Static Light Scattering (SLS)-SE-HPLC results demonstrate

that for a B-domain deleted product the estimated molar masses of the
eluting species are higher than expected due to interference from High
Molecular Weight Protein (HMWP) species. Average molar masses of
300 and 323 kDa are obtained for the main peak of the full length
products, respectively. The SLS data support that LMWP peaks
observed correspond to rFVIII species with heterogeneously processed
B-domains. With respect to the general heterogeneity full length
recombinant FVIII products display a significantly higher heterogeneity with fragmentations in the B-domain region and free light chain
accounting for most of this.
Conclusion: It is demonstrated, that full length recombinant FVIII
proteins in general display a significantly higher heterogeneity when
compared to B-domain deleted/truncated proteins. The heterogeneity
includes HMWP species, the presence of free light chain and fragments
formed following cleavages in the B-domain.
PO141-TUE
Development of an ELISA for the detection of binding
antibodies against human coagulation factor VIII in rat
plasma
Lovgren KM1, Weldingh KN2, Larsson K1, Kjelgaard-Hansen M1
and Wiinberg B1
1
Translational Hemophilia Pharmacology; 2Immunogenicity
Assessment, Novo Nordisk A/S, Maaloev, Denmark
Background: A new rat model of hemophilia A (HA) has recently been
developed, but the antibody response to coagulation factor VIII
(FVIII) products in this model have yet to be investigated. A specific
rat anti-FVIII antibody assay is required to understand the full antibody spectrum during an immune response towards administered
FVIII.
Aims: Develop an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for
detection of binding antibodies against human FVIII in rat plasma,
for fast screening of multiple samples and with the potential of immunoglobulin subclass identification.
Methods: Citrated plasma was obtained from rats after intravenous
administration of recombinant B-domain deleted human FVIII
(rhFVIII) (n = 18) and from untreated control rats (n = 10). Plasma
anti-hFVIII antibodies were captured on a rhFVIII-coated 96-well
plate and detected by HRP-conjugated polyclonal rabbit anti-rat-Ig
antibodies converting TMB chromogen. Assay qualification was performed using FDA and EMEA guidelines for specificity, precision,
matrix effect, quality controls and assay cut-point calculations, and by
comparison to an existing radioimmunoassay (RIA) for binding antirhFVIII IgG in rat plasma.
Results: Results were expressed as optical density (OD) at 1:160 sample dilution. Lower limit of detection (LLD) was OD 0.5 and lower
limit of quantification (LLQ) was OD 1.0 (2 9 LLD). Intra- and
inter-plate imprecision (CV) was 6.6% and 7.5%, respectively. Analytical specificity was confirmed by significant reduction in OD response
after pre-incubation with rhFVIII. In comparison with RIA detection
a significant correlation (r2 = 0.73) and low rate of misclassification
(5.9%) were observed.
Conclusion: A new ELISA has been developed for the detection of rat
anti-human FVIII antibodies in rat plasma, for quick and easy largescale identification of antibodies in immunogenicity studies with
hFVIII products, with additional potential for antibody subclass differentiation.
Disclosure of Interest: K. L
ovgren Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S,
K. Weldingh Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S, K. Larsson Employee
of: Novo Nordisk A/S, M. Kjelgaard-Hansen Employee of: Novo
Nordisk A/S, B. Wiinberg Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S.
560
ABSTRACTS
PO142-TUE
The type of reagents determines the accuracy of
calibration with a product specific standard for the
measurement of the B-domain deleted RFVIII
Moroctocog alfa-AF activity
Jacquemin M1, Vodolazkaia A2, Heylen E3, Toelen J2, Schoeters J2
and Peerlinck K1
1
CMVB; 2LAG, University of Leuven, Leuven; 3Klinisch
Laboratorium ZNA, ZNA Middelheim, Antwerpen, Belgium
Background: The measurement of the B-domain deleted FVIII Moroctocog alfa-AF can be difficult due to discrepancies between values
obtained with one-stage and with chromogenic FVIII assays. To solve
these issues, the use of a specific Moroctocog alfa-AF laboratory standard (RAFLS) is recommended.
Aims: Because of discordant reports regarding the usefulness of calibration with RAFLS, we investigated how the calibration with RAFLS and the measurement of post-infusion levels of Moroctocog alfaAF are influenced by the reagents of the one stage FVIII assay.
Methods: Calibration curves were generated with RAFLS and normal
plasma using different commercially available FVIII-deficient plasmas.
The different calibrations were then used to determine FVIII levels in
plasmas of patients treated with Moroctocog alfa-AF.
Results: With some FVIII-deficient plasmas, the coagulation times of
given FVIII concentrations were longer with RAFLS than with
plasma. Accordingly, Moroctocog alfa-AF post-infusion levels were
up to 30% higher with the RAFLS calibration curves than with the
plasma ones. The values determined using the RAFLS calibration
curves were close to the values determined with a chromogenic assay.
Unexpectedly, with other FVIII-deficient plasmas, the coagulation
times obtained with RAFLS were shorter than with plasma. The use
of RAFLS calibration curves with these one-stage assay reagents led
to a two-fold underestimation of Moroctocog alfa-AF activity by comparison to the levels determined with the one-stage calibrated with
plasma or with a chromogenic assay.
Conclusion: Depending on the reagents of the one-stage FVIII assay,
calibration with RAFLS can reduce or increase the difference between
Moroctocog alfa-AF activities measured in plasma samples with the
one-stage and with the chromogenic FVIII assays. Appropriate
reagents should therefore be selected to measure Moroctocog alfa-AF
post-infusion levels with a one-stage FVIII assay calibrated with the
corresponding laboratory standard.
PO143-TUE
Health-related quality of life in children with
haemophilia from Turkey
Balci YI1, Ozturk O2, Basay BK2, Basay O2, Polat A1, Kazanc E3,
Tuncbilek OF2 and Akpinar F4
1
Pediatric Hematology and Oncology; 2Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli;
3
Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Bursa Public Hospital,
Bursa; 4Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Pamukkale University,
Denizli, Turkey
Background: Haemophilia is a chronic bleeding disorder.
Aims: The aim of this study is assessment of quality of life (QoL) in
children with hemophilia in Turkey and describing relationship
between childrens QoL and depression and anxiety of parent and children.
Methods: Thirty-four children and adolescents aged between 4 and
16 years with haemophilia without inhibitors were included in the
study. Turkish version of the Hemophilia-Specific Quality of Life Index
(Haemo-QoL) questionnaire was administered to the pediatric patients.
Results: In terms of Haemo-QoL, among children aged 412 years

were impaired mainly in the dimension of family, sport/school,
whereas among adolescent aged 1316 years had higher impairments
in the dimension of physical health. Among adolescents, QoL impairment in dimension of pysical helath, sport and school are significantly
higher than children. Children aged 47 years reported worse QoL
score in dimensions family and treatment when compared children
and adolescents aged 816 years. Children whose mothers has middle
or high rates of depression reported significantly more impairment in
terms of family dimension and Total QoL. Among Children whose
mothers has middle or high levels of anxiety was detected more impairment about dimension of physical health, family, friend, others. In our
study, mothers depression scores were positively correlated with values
of total QoL. Also,anxiety scores of the mothers were positively correlated with dimensions physical health, friend and others.
Conclusion: In our study, among children aged between 4 and
12 years, impairments of family dimension may be due to over protec_
tive atttude by the parents. Impairments
of the sport/school dimension in children and the physical health dimension in adolescent can be
related to arthropathy, hematoma and/or pain which may result from
hemophilia. Anxiety and depressive semptoms of mothers may be
associated chronic stress on account of the chronic disease.
PO144-TUE
Structural characterisation of recombinant factor IX
fusion protein linked with human albumin
Meister A1, Grammel N2 and Pelzing M1
1
R&D, Csl Limited, Parkville, Australia; 2GlycoThera GmbH,
Hannover, Germany
Background: CSL has developed a recombinant Factor IX therapeutic
drug with a prolonged half-life consisting of a fusion protein of human
coagulation Factor IX with human albumin (rIX-FP). The recombinant fusion protein has completed late stage clinical trials for treatment of haemophilia B and in Dec 2014 the BLA was submitted to the
FDA.
Aims: Protein structure and post-translational modifications (PTMs)
are critical for functional efficacy of coagulation factors. The molecular structure of CSLs recombinant Factor IX fusion protein was fully
characterized here, and compared with commercially available plasma
Factor IX (FIX) and recombinant FIX (BeneFIX).
Methods: PTMs and O-linked glycans were analysed by peptide mapping and mass spectrometry, N-linked glycans were characterised by
glycosidase digestion, chromatography, mass spectrometry.
Results: The fusion protein rIX-FP contains 28 disulfide bonds, 11 in
the FIX domain, 17 in the albumin domain, which were confirmed to
exist in their predicted linkages. Gamma carboxylation was confirmed,
and O-linked glycans on the light chain were characterized. The PTMs
on the activation peptide of rIX-FP were compared to those in plasma
and recombinant FIX. The activation peptide of the rIX-FP is highly
similar to that of recombinant FIX, and similar structures are found
on plasma FIX. The N-linked glycoforms of rIX-FP are complex-type
glycans and include sulfated forms. No Gal alpha1-3 Gal or high mannose forms were detected. High resolution mass analysis of the protease- and albumin domains from the fusion protein confirmed the
absence of unexpected PTMs.
Conclusion: All disulfide bonds in the fusion protein rIX-FP are as
expected from the parental proteins, FIX and albumin, consistent with
a higher order structure of two separate domains. The PTMs in rIXFP are comparable to recombinant and plasma FIX, thus supporting
its suitability as a therapeutic agent.
Disclosure of Interest: A. Meister Shareholder of: CSL Limited,
Employee of: CSL Limited, N. Grammel: None declared, M. Pelzing:
None declared.
ABSTRACTS
PO145-TUE
Tissue factor exerts factor Xa-catalyzed factor VIII
activation in the presence of von Willebrand factor in a
factor VIIA-independent mechanism
Furukawa S, Nogami K, Ogiwara K and Shima M
Background: In the cell-based coagulation model, factor (F)VIIa complex with tissue factor (TF) initiates the blood coagulation by generating FXa as extrinsic Xase complex and activates FIX which composes
intrinsic Xase complex (in-Xase). We reported that FVIIa/TF directly
activated FVIII in an early timed-phase (Soeda, JTH, 2010), and TF
enhanced the in-Xase activity through possible interaction with FVIIIa
(Ogiwara, ASH, 2010).
Aims: We developed the study on the association with FVIII and TF
in the presence of von Willebrand factor (VWF).
Methods: A direct binding of TF to FVIII was performed by SPRbased assays (BIAcore) and solid phase-based ELISA. Effects of TF
on FXa-catalyzed activation and proteolysis of FVIII (VWF) was
examined with one stage-clotting assay and SDS-PAGE/western blot.
Results: An SPR-based assay revealed the direct binding of FVIII to
immobilized non-lipidated TF (non-TF; Altor BioScience) with higher
affinity (Kd; 0.13 0.01 nM). An ELISA also showed that non-TF
bound to immobilized FVIII, although the binding affinity was modestly weaker (Kdapp; 8.1 1.2 nM). In addition, soluble TF (Altor
BioScience) as well as lipidated TF (L-TF; Dade Innovin) bound to
FVIII (Kdapp; 21.9 3.4, 3.6 0.4 nM, respectively). The presence of
VWF significantly inhibited the FVIII and L-TF binding by ~80%.
We further assessed the functional potentials of TF on FVIII/VWF
interaction during coagulation process. FXa-catalyzed activation of
FVIII showed an ~four-fold peak level of initial, but that of FVIII/
VWF was little observed. The addition of L-TF, however, increased
FVIII activity by ~1.8-fold in the presence of VWF dose-dependently.
SDS-PAGE revealed that the addition of L-TF markedly accelerated
FXa proteolysis at Arg372 in FVIII complex with VWF, despite little
proteolysis in the absence of TF.
Conclusion: FVIII forming a complex with VWF could be activated by
FXa under the presence of TF, and in-Xase complex appeared to exert
in an early timed-phase of coagulation process before thrombin generation.
PO146-TUE
Physicochemical characterization of recombinant
single-chain factor VIII (RVIII-singlechain)
Schmidbauer S1, Robbel L1, Sebastian P1, Witzel R1, Grammel N2,
Metzner HJ1 and Schulte S3
1
Preclinical Research & Development, CSL Behring GmbH,
Marburg; 2GlycoThera GmbH, Hannover; 3Global Operations,
CSL Behring GmbH, Marburg, Germany
Background: rVIII-SingleChain is a novel recombinant single-chain
factor VIII (FVIII) construct, where the heavy and light chain are
covalently linked. rVIII-SingleChain is expressed in Chinese Hamster
Ovary (CHO) cells and purified by chromatographic methods. The tertiary structure of rVIIISingleChain is determined by the polypeptide
backbone including the respective disulphide linkages. In addition, its
physicochemical properties are influenced by post-translational modifications (i.e. N-Glycosylation and Tyrosine sulphation). These parameters finally provide the basis for the pharmacological profile.
Aims: Because of the high relevance these physicochemical parameters
were investigated in the present studies.
Methods: rVIII-SingleChain was investigated by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionisation-time of flight-mass spectrometry regarding
primary structure, disulfide connectivity and Tyr-Sulfation. N-glyco 2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997
561
sylation was determined by High pH anion exchange chromatography.

Results: The expected primary structure was confirmed as well as the
predicted disulphide connectivity and the presence of three predicted
unpaired cysteine residues. Additionally, a nearly complete sulphation
of the six Tyrosine residues could be shown, in particular Tyr1680
(acc. to full-length FVIII numbering) relevant for the binding of rVIIISingleChain to von Willebrand factor. The N-glycosylation pattern
revealed mainly sialylated complex-type bi-, tri- and tetra-antennary
structures and high mannose structures in accordance with other CHO
cell-derived Factor VIII molecules.
Conclusion: In summary, it can be concluded that rVIII-SingleChain is
a well-defined, homogenous FVIII product regarding its physicochemical attributes.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Schmidbauer Employee of: CSL Behring
GmbH, L. Robbel Employee of: CSL Behring GmbH, P. Sebastian
Employee of: CSL Behring GmbH, R. Witzel: None declared, N.
Grammel Employee of: GlycoThera GmbH, H. Metzner Employee of:
CSL Behring GmbH, S. Schulte Employee of: CSL Behring GmbH.
PO147-TUE
FVIII activity of long-acting turoctocog alfa pegol
(N8-GP) can be accurately and precisely measured by
different commercial chromogenic assays
Pickering W, Hansen M, Ezban M and Kjalke M
Novo Nordisk A/S, M
alv, Denmark
Background: GlycoPEGylated recombinant FVIII (turoctocog alfa pegol; N8-GP) was developed to prolong the half-life of turoctocog alfa
and potentially reduce dosing frequency. FVIII activity (FVIII:C) is
commonly monitored using one-stage aPTT-based clotting assays.
However, PEG-conjugation can affect clotting times in an aPTT
reagent-dependent manner. MASAC has recently recommended FVIII
chromogenic assays, subject to FDA approval, for the measurement of
FVIII:C of PEG-conjugated FVIII products.
Aims: To evaluate the performance of N8-GP using commercial FVIII
chromogenic assay kits adapted to comply with European Pharmacopoeia guidelines for potency labelling, and to evaluate the suitability of
the kits for clinical monitoring.
Methods: Six FVIII chromogenic assay kits were investigated for
potency assessment. Samples and WHO 8th international standard
(IS) were pre-diluted in VWF-containing FVIII-deficient plasma and
further diluted in buffer containing 1% albumin. FX activation times
were assessed to achieve 50% activation. Four kits were adapted for
the ACL TOP 500 (Instrumentation Laboratory) to measure simulated
post-administration samples. Samples were prepared by spiking haemophilia A plasma with turoctocog alfa or N8-GP and assessed using
two calibrators (WHO 8th IS and a human plasma calibrator).
Results: There was no significant difference in N8-GP potency among
the kits. Mean FVIII:C (508594 IU mL1) was within 25% of the
labelled N8-GP potency (527 IU mL1). In simulated post-administration plasma samples, all kits were highly accurate and precise, with
no significant difference between turoctocog alfa- or N8-GP-containing samples (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference between
calibrators, although values obtained using the WHO 8th IS were closer to nominal values.
Conclusion: The results for potency assessment and clinical monitoring
of N8-GP are similar for all chromogenic assay kits and support their
use as the recommended assay for measuring FVIII:C.
562
ABSTRACTS
PO148-TUE
Molecular genotyping of haemophilia A in Saudi
Arabian population: report of novel mutations
Al-Allaf FA1,2,3, Taher MM1, Abduljaleel Z1, Athar M1,
Ba-hammam F1, Abdulla M1, Bouazzaoui A1, Abalkhail H4 and
Owaidah T4
1
Science and Technology Unit; 2Medical Genetics, Umm-Al-Qura
University; 3Department of Laboratory Medicine and Blood Bank,
King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah; 4Pathology and Laboratory
Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre,
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Background: Hemophilia A is an X-linked bleeding disorder caused by
mutations in the Factor VIII gene. Molecular testing for the Factor
VIII gene is difficult due to its large size. More than 900 different
mutations have been described in Factor VIII gene.
Aims: To investigate the Factor VIII gene mutations in Saudi Arabian
population.
Methods: For genotyping Factor VIII a cohort of 107 samples from 87
of families undergoing treatment were collected. All patients were
tested for Factor VIII coagulant activity on Behring Coagulation System. Genomic DNA was isolated from blood on MagNapure system.
Screening for inversion 1 (Inv-1) and inversion 22 (Inv-22) were done
by the methods of Bagnall et al., 2002 and Rossetti et al., 2005 respectively. PCR products from the familys index cases were sequenced on
ABI 3500 Genetic analyzer.
Results: Out of 107 cases, we found 2 samples were positive (affected)
for Inv-1 and 17 cases were positive (15 affected and 2 carriers) for
Inv-22. Out of 32 samples (32 families) we have sequenced for selected
exons of Factor VIII, we have found two novel mutations (missense)
c.99G>T, p.(W33C), and c.355G>C, p.(A119P) in exons 1 and 3
respectively; and one novel deletion (frame shift mutation)
c.6482DelC, p.(P2161Lfs*25) in exon 23; and a novel mutation at
splice junction (c.6430 1G>A, Splicing acceptor site exon 23) in each
patient respectively. We have also found 3 known mutations in 5 individual patients. Two of the patients had a previously reported mutation in exon 4, one patient had a known mutation in exon 6, and 2
patients had a known mutation in exon 12. Genotype-phenotype correlations and computer prediction analysis on the effect of missense
mutations on the secondary structure of the Factor VIII protein are
performed and the relationships evaluated.
Conclusion: We have established Haemophilia A genoptyping in Saudi
Arabian population. The novel mutations we found here, and its
molecular dynamic simulation results to predict the deleterious effects
will be discussed.
Disclosure of Interest: F. Al-Allaf Grant/Research Support from:
National Science Technology Innovative Plan (NSTIP) of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (program number 09-BIO920-10), M. Taher:
None declared, Z. Abduljaleel: None declared, M. Athar: None
declared, F. Ba-hammam: None declared, M. Abdulla: None declared,
A. Bouazzaoui: None declared, H. Abalkhail: None declared, T.
Owaidah: None declared.
PO149-TUE
Different strategies for treatment on hemophilia
patients with inhibitor, costs versus benefits
Baghaipour MR
Comperehencive Hemophilia Care Center, Tehran, Iran
Background: Haemophilia A and B is an X-linked disorder with an
incidence of 1/5000 and 1/20,000 males, respectively. It results from
low or absent factor VIII (FVIII) and factor IX (FIX), respectively.
The mainstay of treatment is factor replacement. Between 20% and
35% of patients with haemophilia A and between 4% and 6% of those
with haemophilia B develop inhibitory antibodies.
Aims: The aims of this study were to reassess and review the most
recent publications concerning the costs of inhibitor treatment by
focusing on the outcome, success rate, the duration of studies and
other parameters such as number of doses, method of investigation
and time elapsed before initiation of treatment.
Methods: The keywords that we used for our search were inhibitor,
haemophilia A, costs, cost analysis and ITI. We found a total of 63
studies of after a review of the abstracts, and five were excluded after
full text review, leaving 12 (eight for bypassing agents and four for
ITI) that were suitable for our research.
Results: ITI is the standard treatment to cure patients of inhibitors. A
direct comparison of cost is not possible between studies because of
variables such as body weight, number of bleeding episodes, treatment
options, dosage regimen and prices. As indicated by the two long-term
studies, ITI-treatment is expensive in the short-term treatment, but in
the long term, it becomes affordable.
Conclusion: Bypassing agents are the mainstay of bleeding treatment.
Cost is an important issue. Our review did not show any priority
between the products. Cost can be influenced by many elements such
as price, availability and different regimens. More important is the
individual response rate, halflife, complications, type of bleeding/situation (mild to severe) or whether they are going to be used during surgery. Further studies are needed using fixed doses and a clear
definition of treatment success.
PO150-TUE
A plasma- and cell-based thrombin generation assay to
assess the anticoagulant effect of tissue factor
pathway inhibitor on endothelial cells
Gerstenbauer G, Knappe S, Panholzer E, Prohaska K, Knofl F,
Ullrich N, Pachlinger R, Scheiflinger F and Dockal M
Baxter Innovations Gmbh, Vienna, Austria
Background: Thrombin generation (TG) is a fundamental part of the
clotting cascade. In vitro, TG is commonly monitored in platelet-poor
plasma by calibrated automated thrombography (CAT). However,
CAT usually does not assess the influence of cellular components on
TG. Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) is the major physiological
regulator of extrinsic coagulation. TFPI circulates in plasma and is
present on the vascular cell surface.
Aims: The goal was to develop a plasma-based TG assay in 96-well
format that incorporates human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) as an exploratory tool to study cell-based TFPI, a target protein for the development of new hemophilia treatment options.
Methods: Adherent HUVECs at an optimized cell density were stimulated with tumor necrosis factor (TNF-a) to induce low levels of tissue
factor (TF) expression. After adding normal or TFPI-depleted human
plasma, TG was monitored without adding exogenous TF or phospholipids (PLs) in a fluorescence reader. In some experiments, TFPI inhibitory peptides or antibodies were used to demonstrate the TFPI
dependency of the assay.
Results: The cell-based TG assay incorporating HUVECs as the only
source of TF and membrane was shown to be sensitive and robust,
with a variability of <20% CV for the main CAT parameters. At the
established conditions, HUVEC-TFPI made a major contribution
(~80%) to the total anticoagulant TFPI effect, although plasma TFPI
is in high excess to HUVEC-TFPI. This is likely due to the local TF
stimulation and restriction of coagulation to the HUVEC surface.
Conclusion: The HUVEC/CAT assay shows a substantial contribution
of HUVEC-derived TFPI to the total anticoagulant effect of TFPI
when cell-derived TF serves as coagulation trigger, which specifically
allows assessment of the effect of TFPI-targeting substances on cellular TFPI. Further studies are planned to evaluate the contribution of
platelets to TFPI-regulated TG.
ABSTRACTS
Disclosure of Interest: G. Gerstenbauer Employee of: Baxter Innovations GmbH, S. Knappe Employee of: Baxter Innovations GmbH, E.
Panholzer Employee of: Baxter Innovations GmbH, K. Prohaska
Employee of: Baxter Innovations GmbH, F. Knofl Employee of: Baxter Innovations GmbH, N. Ullrich Employee of: Baxter Innovations
GmbH, R. Pachlinger Employee of: Baxter Innovations GmbH, F.
Scheiflinger Employee of: Baxter Innovations GmbH, M. Dockal
Employee of: Baxter Innovations GmbH.
PO151-TUE
Lethality of mouse tissue factor pathway inhibitor gene
disruption is rescued by transgenic human tissue factor
pathway inhibitor knock in
Pachlinger R, Hartmann R, Kolm A, Panholzer E, Ullrich N,
Knofl F, Schuster M, Hoellriegl W, Scheiflinger F and Dockal M
Background: Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) is a key regulator
of the extrinsic coagulation pathway. Deletion of the first Kunitz
domain of TFPI in mice is known to be incompatible with viability
due to intrauterine lethality.
Aims: To generate transgenic humanized TFPI mice in which mouse
(m)-TFPI is entirely replaced by human (hu)-TFPI, to facilitate analysis of specific anti hu-TFPI antagonists without interference of mTFPI.
Methods: Integration of the targeting vector and subsequent breeding
analysis was followed by genomic PCR. Expression analysis of hu-/mTFPI a and b mRNAs was performed by reverse transcription, cloning, and sequencing of the obtained DNA fragments. Protein levels of
hu- and m-TFPI in plasma of transgenic and wild-type (wt) mice were
analyzed by species specific ELISAs.
Results: Homozygous humanized TFPI mice were viable and exhibited
no obvious abnormalities. They showed normal litter size with equal
numbers of female and male pups. Genomic PCRs revealed proper
integration of the targeting vector into the mouse chromosome and
the homozygous status. Expression analyses of humanized TFPI mice
on mRNA level demonstrated the absence of m-TFPI a. Alternative
spliced m-TFPI b messages lacking the signal sequence were discovered, likely leading to a nonfunctional protein. Hu-TFPI a mRNA was
detected in different tissues in the humanized TFPI mice. The TFPI
protein level in plasma of humanized mice was below the detection
limit of the ELISA and at least ~300 fold below the level of wt mice.
Conclusion: Low levels of hu-TFPI might compensate the function of
m-TFPI in vivo and circumvent embryonic lethality. Furthermore, we
established a new mouse model which allows the regulation of physiologic and pathologic pathways to be studied at TFPI below the limit of
detection.
Disclosure of Interest: R. Pachlinger Employee of: Baxter Innovations
GmbH, R. Hartmann Employee of: Baxter Innovations GmbH, A.
Kolm Employee of: Baxter Innovations GmbH, E. Panholzer
Employee of: Baxter Innovations GmbH, N. Ullrich Employee of:
Baxter Innovations GmbH, F. Knofl Employee of: Baxter Innovations
GmbH, M. Schuster Employee of: Baxter Innovations GmbH, W.
Hoellriegl Employee of: Baxter Innovations GmbH, F. Scheiflinger
Employee of: Baxter Innovations GmbH, M. Dockal Employee of:
Baxter Innovations GmbH.
563
PO152-TUE
Longitudinal monitoring of TFPI levels and their
correlation with coagulation parameters in healthy
subjects: a one-year observation
Hartmann R, Koehn J, Panholzer E, Marchula B, Schoenegger E,
Reipert B, Scheiflinger F and Dockal M
Background: Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) is an important
physiological regulator of coagulation by inhibiting the extrinsic coagulation pathway. Patients with Hemophilia A were found to have significantly lower full length (fl) TFPI levels compared with control
patients (0.23 0.06 nM vs. 0.36 0.08 nM), suggesting that TFPI
deficiency may also confer some protective effect in Hemophilia A
(Duckers et al. 2008). Inhibition of TFPI improves hemostasis and
may become a treatment option for patients with hemophilia including
those with inhibitors. Longitudinal monitoring of the TFPI normal
plasma level may help guide therapeutic/dosing decisions.
Aims: To investigate the intra- and inter-individual variation of TFPI
over an extended period.
Methods: Citrated plasma samples from 38 healthy subjects (18 m/20f)
aged 2364 (average 35) years were collected at monthly intervals up
to 14 times. Total and full length plasma TFPI was quantified by
ELISA. Coagulation parameters were measured by calibrated automated thrombogram (CAT) at low TF triggering conditions.
Results: TFPI levels were significantly higher in males
(1.17 0.23 nM total, 0.42 0.14 nM flTFPI) than in females
(1.11 0.22 nM total, 0.34 0.12 nM flTFPI). Higher TFPI levels
correlated with lower peak thrombin (122 38 nM in males vs.
187 71 nM in females) and endogenous thrombin potential (ETP)
(1137 222 in males vs. 1554 349 in females). No seasonal variation in total and flTFPI levels was observed. On average, individuals
plasma flTFPI varied up to 32% from their respective mean TFPI concentration. In 92% of donors, the flTFPI level remained constant
within 1.65-fold above or below the individuals mean over the observation period. No variation higher than three-fold was observed.
Conclusion: TFPI levels in plasma were shown to remain constant in
individual donors over one year, indicating that drugs targeting TFPI
may be useful in preventing bleeding in hemophilia patients without
the need for a TFPI concentration tailored therapy.
Disclosure of Interest: R. Hartmann Employee of: Baxter Innovations
GmbH, J. Koehn Employee of: Baxter Innovations GmbH, E. Panholzer Employee of: Baxter Innovations GmbH, B. Marchula Employee
of: Baxter Innovations GmbH, E. Schoenegger Employee of: Baxter
Innovations GmbH, B. Reipert Employee of: Baxter Innovations
GmbH, F. Scheiflinger Employee of: Baxter Innovations GmbH, M.
Dockal Employee of: Baxter Innovations GmbH.
PO153-TUE
Comparative study of full-length and B-domain
modified RFVIII products shows no relation between
B-domain modification and the content of subvisible
particles
Baunsgaard D, Henriksen A, Bagger HW and Ezban M
Novo Nordisk A/S, Bagsvaerd, Denmark
Background: Immune responses to therapeutic products may pose
problems for both patient safety and product efficacy. In recent years
the authorities have shown increased focus on the potential immunogenicity of subvisible particles, which new techniques have made possible to analyse in a quantitative manner. It is therefore of interest to
analyse rFVIII products with respect to the content of subvisible particles when administered to a patient.
564
ABSTRACTS
Aims: To assess the amount and morphology of subvisible particles in

four rFVIII products (two B-domain modified, one of them turoctocog alfa, and two full-length) in a clinically relevant setting.
Methods: Three batches of each product were prepared according to
the prescribing information. A uniform and equal plunger pressure
was applied for butterfly needle ejection. Micro flow imaging (MFI)
analysis in three repetitions of each sample was performed to measure
the number of subvisible particles (2100 lm).
Results: MFI results showed very different counts of subvisible particles for the various rFVIII products. Turoctocog alfa had particle
counts in the range 60008000 particles mL1, while the other Bdomain modified product had particle counts in the range 30,000
190,000 particles mL1. The two full-length products had particle
counts in the range 12,00015,000 and 700040,000 particles mL1,
respectively. Image analysis showed that some of the particles were silicone-like with a very distinct morphology. A software filter was subsequently applied to remove silicone-like particles from the data, which
did not change the ranking of the rFVIII products with respect to the
number of subvisible particles.
Conclusion: The study showed no correlation between the amount or
morphology of subvisible particles and B-domain modification of
rFVIII products in solutions ready for injection. Differences in production and product handling are more likely causes. Turoctocog alfa
showed the lowest number of subvisible particles.
PO154-TUE
Thrombin generation in human hemophilia plasma at
reduced antithrombin levels and concomitant factor or
bypass agent addition
Akinc A1, Sehgal A1, Qian K1, Prabhala H1, Larsen O2 and
Sorensen B1
1
Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, USA; 2Aarhus University
Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Background: ALN-AT3, a subcutaneously administered investigational RNAi therapeutic targeting antithrombin (AT), is currently
being evaluated in persons with hemophilia in a Phase 1 study
(NCT02035605). Based on its mechanism of action, ALN-AT3 could
potentially offer benefit to persons with hemophilia A or B, with or
without inhibitors.
Aims: As factor replacement is the standard therapy in hemophilia and
as bypass agents (BPAs) are used to treat bleeds in hemophilia with
inhibitors, we investigated the dynamics of thrombin generation in
hemophilia plasma at varying doses of replacement factor and BPAs
in the background of different levels of residual AT.
Methods: Human severe hemophilia A and hemophilia B donor
plasma was obtained and immunodepleted of AT to varying levels. To
these plasmas, replacement factor (rFVIII or rFIX) or BPAs (e.g.
rFVIIa and aPCCs) were added at different concentrations to generate
test plasmas representing a matrix of AT and factor/BPA levels.
Thrombin generation measurements were made in the various test
plasmas using the calibrated automated thrombogram (CAT) method.
Results: Both peak thrombin and endogenous thrombin potential
(ETP, area under the thrombin generation curve) increased as AT
decreased in hemophilia plasma, consistent with the therapeutic
hypothesis that decreasing AT can increase thrombin generation in
hemophilia plasma. However, thrombin generation levels did not
exceed those associated with normal conditions (100% factor, 100%
AT), even when AT was fully depleted in severe hemophilia plasma.
Increasing factor or BPA dose increased thrombin generation in an
additive manner on top of increases achieved with reduced AT.
Conclusion: These data demonstrate ranges of AT reduction and factor/BPA dose that result in enhanced thrombin generation without
exceeding normal levels. In addition, the data suggest that in the back-
ground of reduced AT a substantially lower dose of replacement factor/BPA could potentially be used to achieve the same level of
hemostatic effect.
Disclosure of Interest: A. Akinc Employee of: Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, A. Sehgal: None declared, K. Qian Employee of: Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, H. Prabhala Employee of: Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, O.
Larsen: None declared, B. Sorensen Employee of: Alnylam Pharmaceuticals.
PO155-TUE
Rate-limiting roles of tenase complex of factors VIII
and IX in platelet procoagulant activity and formation
of platelet-fibrin thrombi under flow
Swieringa F, Kuijpers MJ, Lamers MM, van der Meijden PE and
Heemskerk JW
Biochemistry, Carim, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The
Netherlands
Background: While stable thrombus formation is known to rely on
interactions between activated platelets and the coagulation system,
the role of tenase activation in these processes is unclear.
Aims: We studied the role of tenase in the formation of stable plateletfibrin thrombi under flow conditions.
Methods: With blood from FVIII or FIX deficient mice or from
patients with severe haemophila A or B, the role of platelet-stimulated
tenase activity in the formation of platelet-fibrin thrombi on collagen
was assessed. In addition, FVIII and FIX were localized on the thrombus with confocal microscopy.
Results: With tissue factor (TF) present, deficiency in FVIII or FIX
suppressed thrombus growth, fibrin formation and platelet phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure. In either case, residual fibrin formation was
eliminated in the absence of TF. These findings were confirmed with
blood from a haemophilia A or B patient. The extrinsic way of coagulation contributes to platelet-controlled fibrin clot formation under
flow at TF concentrations as low as 1 pM. Interestingly, considerable
levels of TF (10 pM) are required to induce fibrin formation in blood
from haemophilia patients, and even then the intrinsic way via tenase
appears to enhance this process. In thrombi, PS-exposing platelets
bound (activated) FIX and FX, but no more than limited amounts of
FVIII, which preferentially accumulated on collagen fibers via von
Willebrand factor. Activity of newly formed FXa and thrombin was
confined to the sites of thrombi, and displayed the same kinetics.
Direct FXa inhibitors, given to human blood, suppressed the thrombin
and fibrin formation.
Conclusion: Our data point to a potent enforcement loop in thrombus
formation of FX activation, subsequent thrombin and fibrin generation, leading to FXa-mediated stimulation of platelet PS exposure.
Herein, the FVIII/FIX-dependent stimulation of platelet procoagulant
activity can be a limiting factor for fibrin formation under flow conditions.
PO156-TUE
Treatment of severe bleeding and prophylaxis with
rFVIIA in a child with FVIII inhibitor
Gunes AM, Evim MS and Baytan B
Pediatric Hematology, Uludag Unversity, Bursa, Turkey
Background: Hemophilic children with inhibitors are at risk for severe
bleeding. Both the treatment and control of bleeding are expensive
and sometimes difficult. Therefore, prophylaxis is an important issue
in these patients.
ABSTRACTS
Aims: We presented to use prophylactic rFVIIa in patient with severe
Hemophilia-A with inhibitor.
Methods: Case: We present 13 years old boy with severe HemophiliaA with inhibitor. His inhibitor titerwas 170 bethesda units (BU). He
had developed target joint due to frequent bleeding under activated
prothrombin complex concentrates (aPCC) prophylaxis given
50 unit kg1 every other day. His inhibitor titer increased from 170
BU to 220 BU in 6 months. During prophylaxis, he developed gross
hematuria. Macroscopic hematuria intensively continued although
additional doses of aPCC was given as 75 unit kg1 at 8 h intervals.
His bleeding episode was taken under control with the administration
of rFVII. It was initially given 90 lg kg1 at 2 h intervals for six times
a day and then, macroscophic hematuria was resolved. The dose intervals decreasef to 6 h. He had a well response to this treatment. Therefore, we decided to continue prophylaxis with rVIIa 90 l kg day1
three times a week instead of aPCC.
Results: He has not suffered new joint bleeding or life threatening
bleeding for 10 months under this new regimen. The inhibitor titer
decreased from 220BU to 30.2BU after 4 months of rFVIIa prophylaxis.
Conclusion: rFVIIa is an effective drug for both controlling bleeding
episodes and preventing new hemorrhages in hemophilia complicated
with inhibitors. rFVIIa prophylaxis may provide safety from anamnestic responses until starting of immune tolerance treatment.
PO157-TUE
Misfolded proteins in plasma-derived FVIII
concentrates activate platelets and inhibit heme
oxygenase-1 upregulation in macrophages by secreted
platelet factor 4 (CXCL4)
Bertling A, Brodde MF, Visser M, Smits L, Treffon J, Fennen M
and Kehrel BE
Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine,
Experimental and Clinical Haemostasis, University Hospital
Muenster, Muenster, Germany
Background: Protein misfolding has been shown to induce platelet
aggregation. Several FVIII products were found to contain misfolded
proteins. A hallmark of hemophilia is hemorrhage into the joints.
Heme mediates oxidative stress and inflammation leading to the
destruction of cartilage and bone. The haptoglobin-CD163-heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathway is a captor-receptor-enzyme system to evade
heme-induced toxicity. Lately we showed that pdFVIII products, but
not rFVIII, activate platelets, induce platelet microparticle formation
and CXCL4 release.
Aims: As CXCL4 downregulates the protective hemoglobin receptor
CD163 we studied the effect of rFVIII and pdFVIII products on macrophage differentiation.
Methods: Monocytes were isolated from fresh human blood and differentiated into macrophages in the presence of supernatant from platelets treated with factor VIII products (2 IU mL1). CD163 surface
expression on macrophages and HO-1 expression were measured by
flow cytometry. For assessment of HO-1 expression, macrophages
were treated with autologous hemoglobin for 18 h.
Results: All of the eight tested pdFVIII products markedly induced
CXCL4 release by platelets; whereas the four tested recombinant
products had no such effect. Platelet activation was completely abolished after removal of misfolded proteins from pdFVIII products by
affinity absorption, showing that CXCL4 secretion is due to misfolded
proteins inside the pdFVIII products. Incubation with supernatants
from pdFVIII treated platelets significantly reduced CD163 on macrophages and led to the production of macrophages that were unable to
upregulate the joint protective enzyme HO-1 in response to hemoglobin.
565
Conclusion: PdFVIII products might boost blood induced joint injury

via generation of macrophages that can not fight against ROS stress.
Synovial macrophages from patients treated with either rFVIII or
pdFVIII should be investigated.
Disclosure of Interest: A. Bertling Grant/Research Support from: Bayer
Vital GmbH, 51368 Leverkusen, Germany., M. Brodde: None declared,
M. Visser: None declared, L. Smits: None declared, J. Treffon: None
declared, M. Fennen: None declared, B. Kehrel: None declared.
PO158-TUE
Circumcision in Turkish patients with bleeding
disorders: a sociocultural perspective
u
2, Basay BK2, Basay O2, Akin M1, Akpinar FO3,
rk O
Balci YI1, Ozt
2
Kapubagli N and Polat A1
1
Pediatric Hematology and Oncology; 2Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry; 3Pediatrics, Pamukkale University School of
Medicine, Denizli, Turkey
Background: Circumcision is one of the most commonly performed
operations in children worldwide.
Aims: In this study, we evaluated thoughts about circumcision of the
patients with bleeding disorders (BD) and their family.
Methods: We included 27 patients with BD whose average age were
16.3 9.5 years. Evaluation questionnaire was administered to assess
thought of patients and their family about circumcision developed by
the study authors.
Results: In our study, 22 patients with bleeding disorders (81.4%) were
circumcised. Twenty-four patients and their families (92.3%) consider
that circumcision is a very important practice. Eleven of the patients
and their families (47.8%) were very worried about circumcision due
to risk of bleeding. In our study, we investigated the reasons for the
request to be circumcised among the patients. Most of the families and
patients (n = 25, 92.6%) consider that circumcision is a very important
step toward being a man. Twenty two patients and their families
(81.5%) think that circumcision must performed because of religious
necessity. Fifty-nine percent (n = 16) of patients and their families consider that being unable to be circumcised results in socially unacceptable and not to be viewed as a man. Additionally, Forty-eight percent
(n = 13) of the study population believed that uncircumcised boy can
not be married.
Although life-threatening effect for bleeding disorders, the majority of
patients were circumcised. The present study, consistent with the literature, circumcision is performed as a social obligation for male
patients with BD (2, 3, 4). The religious factors are the second line reason among patients with BD to get circumcised as a result of being a
member of a Muslim society.
Conclusion: Among different nations, there are various reasons for circumcisions in BD. Cultural reasons for circumcision seems to be more
dominant in our study population.
PO159-TUE
Intra-laboratory variation in FVIII:C inhibitor assay:
results of a study in three french centers
Nougier C1, Seignovert C1, Crampe C2 and Marlu R3
1
^pital Edouard H
Laboratoire dH
ematologie, Ho
erriot -Pavillon E
ematologie, CHU SAINT ETIENNE,
-Ss, LYON; 2Laboratoire dH
Saint Etienne; 3Laboratoire dH
ematologie, CHU Grenoble,
Grenoble, France
Background: Detection and quantification of factor VIII (FVIII) inhibitors is clinically important for the management of Hemophilia A
566
ABSTRACTS
treatment and acquired hemophilia diagnosis. Inhibitors assay protocol is complex; this leading to an important variation in results withinand between- all of the laboratories.
Aims: This study has objective to assess the degree of intra-laboratory
variability by means of various protocols in three laboratories and to
propose options to improve performances.
Methods: Three laboratories located in the same french area have been
involved into such a study: Lyon, Grenoble, Saint-Etienne. Each of
them have received six frozen plasma samples (0; 0.6; 1; 5; 10 and 70
UB mL1) which FVIII inhibitor level was early determined by referent Nijmegen method and prepared by CRYOPEP (Montpellier,
France). Each laboratory tested 20 times the six samples for FVIII
inhibitors by using their own protocol to assess the FVIII inhibitor
level applying for Lyon and Saint-Etienne the modified Bethesda assay
method whereas Grenoble the original one.
Results: No false-positive result found with sample 0 UB mL1. When
all laboratories detect FVIII inhibitor in all other, the rate of false-negative results with 0.6 UB mL1 sample vary from 0% to 80%. Within
Lyon laboratory, the minimum range CVintra is 21.4% (10 UB mL1),
the maximum 27.2% (70 UB mL1), their average is 24%. Within
Saint-Etienne, the minimum range is 7.5% (1 UB mL1), the maximum 23.5% (0.6 UB mL1), their average is 15%. The best CVintra
average is 11%, within Grenoble laboratory, with a minimum range of
7.8% (10 UB mL1) and a maximum of 15.8% (5 UB mL1).
Conclusion: These results confirm an important within- and betweenlaboratory variations. Nonetheless Grenoble has the best variability
explained by their low number of operators and by use of frozen
reagents as FVIII source. One of the proposal to improve the repeatability of the FVIII inhibitor assay is therefore to decrease number of
operators, to use frozen reagents and to repeat testing for confirmation.
PO160-TUE
Stability of FVIII products formation of subvisible
particles upon physical stress
Malisauskas M, Lubich C, Prenninger T, Scheiflinger F and
Reipert B
Background: Subvisible particles (SVPs) in a size range of 0.110 lm
were shown to facilitate unwanted immunogenicity of protein therapeutics. Their formation is a result of protein aggregation following
exposure to various stress factors. Limited information is available on
the formation of SVPs in FVIII products and their significance for the
safety and functional properties of these products.
Aims: To assess the formation of SVPs in FVIII products upon exposure to physical stress.
Methods: Four commercially available recombinant FVIII (rFVIII)
products (three lots each) were evaluated: two full-length (FL-) rFVIII
products and two B-domain deleted (BDD-) rFVIII products. SVPs
formation was assessed under conditions of intended use and after
exposure to clinically relevant stress and to temperature stress (37 and
57 C for 18 h). Samples were analyzed using a flow cytometry-based
technology which facilitates the analysis of SVPs in the size range of
0.7510 lm.
Results: Increased concentrations of SVPs were found in all rFVIII
products after exposure to stress compared with conditions of
intended use. FL-rFVIII products appeared to be more stable than
BDD-rFVIII products, resulting in less SVP formation upon exposure
to stress. Most dramatic differences in SVP concentration between
FL-rFVIII and BDD rFVIII products (over 400-fold) were seen after
exposure to extreme temperature stress (57 C for 18 h). In addition,
extreme temperature stress induced SVPs containing cross-beta-sheet
structures in BDD-rFVIII but not in FL-rFVIII products.
Conclusion: FL-rFVIII and BDD-rFVIII products differ in their resistance to the formation of SPVs when exposed to clinically relevant or
temperature stress. BDD-rFVIII products are more sensitive to stress,
possibly due to their lack of most of the glycosylation sites on FLrFVIII or to the reduced heterogeneity of the protein.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Malisauskas: None declared, C. Lubich
Employee of: Baxter Innovations GmbH, T. Prenninger Employee of:
Baxter Innovations GmbH, F. Scheiflinger Employee of: Baxter Innovations GmbH, B. Reipert Employee of: Baxter Innovations GmbH.
PO161-TUE
Comparison of FVIII activity of select novel
recombinant FVIII replacement products in commonly
used FDA approved one-stage clot assay systems
Tiefenbacher S, Robinson MM, Ross EL, Williams PT,
Cogswell CE, Wham TL, Chow GK and Adcock DM
Colorado Coagulation, Laboratory Corporation of America
Holdings, Englewood, USA
Background: Reagent dependent recoveries for novel rFVIII replacement products have been described for FVIII one-stage (OS) clotting
assays.
Aims: A side by side comparison of select novel rFVIII replacement
products was performed, utilizing the most common FDA-approved,
OS clot assay systems employed in the US. The percent recoveries of
four novel rFVIII products were compared to two established rFVIII
products, ADVATE (Baxter International) and ReFacto AF (Pfizer).
Methods: FVIII OS activity was determined for each product (based
on labeled potency) at 80%, 30%, 15%, 5% and 1% activity spiked
into hemophilia A plasma (HRF, Inc.). Samples were tested in triplicate following manufacturer recommended protocols, calibration and
QC, on three separate occasions, in four FDA approved assay systems:
STA-R Evolution using PTT A and C.K. Prest (Diagnostica Stago
Inc.), BCSXP using Dade Actin FSL (Siemens Healthcare) and
ACL TOP using HemosIL SynthASil (Instrumentation Laboratory).
Results: Linear recoveries for all rFVIII products were observed for
three of the four assay systems. All six products over-recovered on the
ACL TOP at concentrations 15%. The four novel rFVIII products,
across all concentrations tested, recovered within 25% in at least one
of the four assay systems. ReFacto AF recovered within 25% in
two and ADVATE in one of the assay systems, respectively.
Conclusion: The four novel rFVIII replacement products tested demonstrate accurate recovery within 25% in at least one of the four
commonly used, FDA approved, FVIII OS assay systems employed in
the US. The STA-R Evolution using PTT A or C.K. Prest recovered the majority of the rFVIII products within acceptable limits. The
assay system specific variability did not differ between novel and established rFVIII products. Thus the new generation rFVIII products
show a similar assay system and product-specific recovery as already
existed with currently approved products including ADVATE and
ReFacto AF.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Tiefenbacher Consultant for: Novo Nordisk,
M. Robinson: None declared, E. Ross: None declared, P. Williams:
None declared, C. Cogswell: None declared, T. Wham: None declared,
G. Chow: None declared, D. Adcock Consultant for: Novo Nordisk.
ABSTRACTS
PO162-TUE
Investigating potential determinants of ITI success
using immune gene expression profiling: a preliminary
study
Matino D1, Gargaro M2, Santoro C3, Castaman G4, Fallarino F2
and Iorio A1
1
Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Mcmaster University,
Hamilton, Canada; 2Experimental Medicine, University of
Perugia, Perugia; 3Cellular Biotechnology and Haematology, La
Sapienza University, Rome; 4Cell Therapy and Hematology, San
Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy
Background: Immune tolerance induction (ITI) by prolonged administration of FVIII is currently the only proven strategy to eradicate
FVIII inhibitors, although the success rate is no higher than 6080%.
Long-term FVIII-specific tolerance via ITI has been proposed to be
the result of a complex, multifactorial process and the mechanisms
underlying successful ITI have been unclear, and not much is known
about the determinants of success vs. failure.
Aims: To assess the technical feasibility of a gene-expression profiling
study in PBMCs from hemophilia A patients so to establish optimal
experimental conditions (cell culture procedures, stimulations, and
analysis timing) to develop a reliable means of pinpointing differences
in immune response associated with ITI outcome in patients with
hemophilia A and inhibitors.
Methods: Six severe hemophilia A patients who had developed hightiter inhibitors at the end of their first ITI were enrolled (age median
[minmax] 12 [331], historical inhibitor peak of 88.5 [10800]
BU mL1, F8 mutation consisting of intron 22 inversion). Three of
them were successfully tolerized while the remainder three patients
experienced ITI failure. Fresh and cultured PBMCs stimulated in vitro with recombinant and plasma-derived FVIII, and harvested at different time points were used for RNA isolation.
Results: The results showed strong consistency across technical replicates. Data could be generated with as little as 250 ng of total RNA
starting material, making it possible to work with a low number of
cells for each condition. The 24 h time-point was associated with the
strongest gene-expression modulation.
Conclusion: A comprehensive analysis of gene modulation could
increase our knowledge of immune responsiveness to FVIII, clarifying
which genes are up- or down-regulated, and which relevant immune
pathways are involved in the process of ITI. A prospective study of
gene-expression profiling is feasible and could help understand immunological mechanisms underlying success or failure.
PO163-TUE
Factor VIII deficiency: inhibition or abnormal contact?
Azevedo A, Freire I and Gago T
Clinical Pathology, Hospital S~
ao Francisco Xavier Centro
Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental, Lisboa, Portugal
Background: Initiation of the intrinsic pathway occurs when prekallikrein, high-molecular-weight kininogen, Factor XI (FXI) and FXII are
exposed to a negatively charged surface, interacting with the phospholipids of circulating lipoprotein particles (contact phase). Autoantibodies bind FVIII in a time and temperature-dependent manner. Both
situations influence aPTT and their clarification can be difficult.
Aims: Present the case of a patient with increased aPTT and FVIII low
levels, with hematuria, whose diagnostic clarification has been very
challenging.
Methods: Female, 22 years old, hospitalized for inaugural diabetes,
secondary to corticoid therapy (prednisolone) prescribed 6 months
before for migratory oligoarthritis. Sudden hematuria and aPTT ele-
567
vation (60120 s), previous results border-line. Microcytic hypochromic anemia since three years ago, due to menometrorrhagia and
H. pylori positive gastritis, Dress syndrome due to salazopirine and
acute hepatitis after ciprofloxacin treatment. Without previous transfusions or hemorrhagic discrasia. Family history of rheumatoid arthritis, absence of hemorrhagia. Preformed laboratorial investigation of
aPTT elevation.
Results: FVIII activity levels average <5%, FVIII inhibitor positive
(2.39 Bethesda units), FXII activity slightly decreased (44%), normal
von Willebrand Factor and FXI. Lupus anticoagulant and Immunology study negative.
Medicated with ciclophosphamide and FVIII, with hematuria resolution, but aPTT elevation persistence.
Conclusion: Presence of border-line previous aPTT measurements,
reinforces the hypothesis of an acquired abnormality.
Although hematuria has been solved, aPTT stills elevated, possible
due to low FVIII levels associated with border-line FXII levels.
FVIII inhibitor levels are low and stable, apparently not influenced by
immunossupression and does not justify the severity of FVIII and
aPTT results.
On the other hand, FVIII measurement himself can be influenced by
FXII levels.
Other tests for contact phase study are still ongoing.
PO164-TUE
In vitro factor VIII activity after reconstitution with
diluent fluid for continuous infusion
Lee KS1, Kim JY1, Seo JK2, Kim UH3, Lee JH4, Shim Y-J5,
Yoon H-J6, Hyun SY7 and Baik SY8
1
Pediatrics, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu;
2
Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center, Seoul; 3Pediatrics, Incheon
Medical Center Baekryung Hospital, Incheon; 4Sunlight Pediatric
Clinic; 5Pediatrics, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical
Center, Daegu; 6Internal Medicine, College of medicine
Kyunghee University, Seoul; 7Internal Medicine, Yonsei
University Wonju College of Medicine, Wounju; 8Greencross
Laboratories, Seoul, Korea
Background: For the successful result ones blood coagulation factor
level during and after surgery is important. Continuous infusion
method has merit of saving product as much as 30%. Most physicians
reconstitute the lyophilized powder with diluent for 24 h amounts at a
same time. Because the drug activity will be decreased gradually after
dilution even in vitro the latter portion of infusion will have decreased
activity also.
Aims: We evaluate in vitro factor VIII activity after reconstitution with
diluent fluid for continuous infusion in case of surgery with hemophilia A patients.
Methods: We checked the in vitro activities on 0, 8, 16 and 24 h after
dilution with one commercial plasma derived FVIII product. And
three commercial FVIII products (2 recombinant FVIII and 1 plasma
derived concentrates) were used for in vitro FVIII:C activities at 0, 2,
4, 6, and 8 h after reconstitution in both the exposure to indoor light
group and the light shield group.
Results: In vitro activity was gradually decreased to 91 5.3%,
80 6.9%, and 56 6.7% at 8, 16 and 24 h on room temperature
and on room light exposure respectively. Better results of 94 4.8%,
89 6.5% and 73 6.4% on light shield were observed (P < 0.001).
In the three drugs, in vitro FVIII:C was decreased from 0 to 8 h after
reconstitution (P < 0.001). The decline of FVIII:C followed linear
model (P < 0.001). In vitro FVIII:C was 95.3 1.91% and
90.6 2.53% at 4 and 8 h after reconstitution, respectively, in exposure to room light group. On light shield group, FVIII:C was
568
ABSTRACTS
95.4 1.12% and 90.9 1.67% at 4 and 8 h, respectively

(P = 0.849).
Conclusion: We aware the longer in vitro dilution state the lower factor
activity. So, we have to adjust the required amount according to the
frequency of changing bottle for the best bleeding control during and
after surgery. Reconstitution of lyophilized powder with diluent every
4 h is desirable to maintain effective blood factor level.
PO165-TUE
Application of clot waveform analysis on hemostatic
monitoring for factor (F)VIII mimicking anti-FIXa/FX
bispecific antibody (ACE910)
1
Matsumoto T , Nogami K , Yada K , Kitazawa T , Hattori K and

Shima M1
1
Department of Pediatrics, Nara Medical University, Kashihara
city; 2Chugai Pharmaceutial Co., Research Division, Gotemba,
Japan
Background: ACE910, bispecific monoclonal antibodies to FIXa and
FX, mimics the FVIIIa cofactor function, and improves aPTT in
FVIII-deficient plasma (FVIIIdef) by substituting for FVIIIa. aPTT
overestimates coagulation potentials however, resulting in not reflecting FVIII:C. Clot waveform analysis (CWA) is useful to assess global
clotting function.
Aims: We attempted to establish the hemostatic monitoring for
ACE910 using CWA.
Methods: CWA was performed on CS-2000i (Sysmex), and clot time
(CT), maximum coagulation velocity and acceleration (|min1|, |min2|)
were monitored. Elg and Elg/TF were used as trigger.
Results: ACE910 markedly improved all parameters in FVIIIdef and
FVIIIdef with 10 BU mL1 anti-FVIII IgG (FVIIIIgG). ACE910
30 lg mL1 corresponded to FVIII relative activity of 613 IU dL1
in a primate acquired model (JTH, 2014), and ACE910 10
100 lg mL1 is considered as prophylactic range estimated from first
clinical trial (Shima, ASH2014). Since prevention of the joint bleeding
in HA requires at least FVIII:C 12 IU dL1 (FVIII12), FVIIIdef mixed
with rFVIII (12 IU dL1) were prepared. Elg-triggered CT in FVIIIdef
or FVIIIIgG with even ACE910 0.3 lg mL1 was markedly shortened
(44 1/44 2 s) beyond normal levels, similar to that in FVIII12
(43 1), and Elg-triggered |min1|/|min2| were similar level among in
FVIIIdef (3.9 0.2/0.5 0.1), in FVIIIIgG with ACE910 10 lg mL1
(3.7 0.1/0.5 0.1) and in FVIII12 (3.6 0.1/0.4 0.1), indicating
overestimated relative-FVIII:C. The similar experiments with Elg/TF
trigger were performed. CWA revealed that the CT in FVIIIdef and
FVIIIIgG with ACE910 30 lg mL1 were similar to that in FVIII12
(111 7, 102 14, 111 3 s). |min1| and |min2| in FVIIIdef and
FVIIIIgG with ACE910 30 lg mL1 also showed similar levels that in
FVIII12 (1.0 0.8/0.06 0.01, 1.1 0.3/0.08 0.06, 1.2 0.1/
0.05 0.01), supportive of better trigger of Elg/TF in CWA.
Conclusion: CWA using mixed trigger with Elg/TF is a promising
method for the hemostatic monitoring of ACE910 therapy.
Disclosure of Interest: T. Matsumoto Grant/Research Support from:
Chugai Pharmaceutial Co.,Ltd., K. Nogami Grant/Research Support
from: Chugai Pharmaceutial Co.,Ltd., Consultant for: Chugai Pharmaceutial Co.,Ltd. and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., K. Yada Grant/
Research Support from: Chugai Pharmaceutial Co.,Ltd., T. Kitazawa
Shareholder of: Chugai Pharmaceutial Co.,Ltd., Employee of: Chugai
Pharmaceutial Co.,Ltd., K. Hattori Shareholder of: Chugai Pharmaceutial Co.,Ltd., Employee of: Chugai Pharmaceutial Co.,Ltd., M.
Shima Grant/Research Support from: Chugai Pharmaceutial Co.,Ltd.,
Consultant for: Chugai Pharmaceutial Co.,Ltd.
Contact pathway
PO166-TUE
Efficacy of a novel contact pathway inhibitor, IR-CPI, in
an extracorporeal membrane oxygenator model
Combe S1,2, Fromes Y3, Krezel C2, Gueret P4,5, Amiral J6,
Guyaux M2 and Godfroid E2
1
Hopitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, Paris, France; 2Bioxodes,
Marche en Famenne, Belgium; 3Universite Pierre et Marie Curie,
Paris; 4GETBO EA3878, Brest; 5Hemostasis Unit Hematology
Laboratory, University Hospital, Rennes; 6Hyphen Biomed,
Neuville sur Oise, France
Background: Ir-CPI, a protein derived from the tick Ixodes ricinus salivary, is a serine protease inhibitor of both FXIIa and FXIa. Heparins
remain suboptimal in managing bleeding complications when extracorporeal life support is required.
Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether inhibition of the
contact phase of the coagulation cascade might confer antithrombotic
activity.
Methods: Twelve Beagle dogs were included. A pediatric ECMO system was connected between the carotid artery and the jugular vein,
and a cardiopulmonary bypass was maintained for 90 min at the level
of full-flow systemic perfusion. Anticoagulation was performed by
UFH (300 IU kg1) with protamine reversal at the end of the procedure (N = 3). Three investigative groups (39 N = 3) received various
doses of Ir-CPI (bolus and infusion) total dose 4.5 to 24 mg kg1.
After disconnection, circuits and cannulae were examined for clot and
protein deposits. All animals were followed-up and sampled for determination of Ir-CPI plasma concentration (Mass Spectrometry), aPTT,
FXI and FXII residual activities, before necropsy on Day 7.
Results: All 12 animals completed procedure. First Ir-CPI group
showed fibrin deposits, increased pressure gradient in the circuit, and
subsequent decreased gas exchanges. In further animals perfusion of
Ir-CPI was initiated earlier in order to decrease the observed clot initiation and to improve gas exchanges. High dose achieved close to optimal control. Low dose was less satisfactory but perfusion remained
possible. A dose-dependent and related increase in Ir-CPI plasma concentration, increase in aPTT ratio and inhibition of factors XI and XII
(20% and >70% respectively) were measured over the course of the
procedure. No side effects were observed and necropsies confirm the
absence of thrombosis or hemorrhage.
Conclusion: Ir-CPI can be used as a single agent to inhibit the intrinsic
coagulation pathway and achieve anticoagulation. Efficiency can be
improved without increasing bleeding risk.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Combe Shareholder of: the company developing agent, Consultant for: the company developing agent, Y. Fromes
Consultant for: the company developing agent, C. Krezel Consultant
for: the company developing agent, P. Gueret Grant/Research Support
from: the company developing agent, J. Amiral: None declared, M.
Guyaux Shareholder of: the company developing agent, Consultant for:
the company developing agent, E. Godfroid Shareholder of: the company developing agent, Employee of: the company developing agent.
PO167-TUE
Most of Lupus anticoagulant in recurrent pregnancy
loss patients recognize high molecular weight
kininogen and/or factor XII
Sato Y, Sugi T and Sakai R
Laboratory for Recurrent Pregnancy Loss, Sugi Womens Clinic,
Kanagawa, Japan
Background: Lupus anticoagulant (LA) detection should be performed
according to the guidelines by the International Society on Thrombo 2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997
ABSTRACTS
sis and Haemostasis Scientific and Standardization Committee (J
Thromb Haemost 2009; 7: 173740). One of the important recommendation in ISTH-SSC guidelines is to perform two different tests that
represent different assay principles. There is an evidence that no single
test is sensitive for all LA. dRVVT should be the first test considered.
The second test should be a LA sensitive aPTT. Any aPTT test performed with silica as an activator and low phospholipids content is the
second test of choice because of its sensitivity for LA.
Aims: We examined the association between LA sensitive aPTT and
autoantibodies to high molecular weight kininogen (HK) and factor
XII (FXII).
Methods: Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) patients (n = 529) were
screened for aPTT mixing test, dRVVT, kininogen-dependent antiphosphatidylethanolamine antibodies (aPE), anticardiolipin antibodies
(aCL) and FXII activities. In this present study, research ethics committee approval and patient written informed consents were obtained.
Results: Among 48 patients (9.1%) who were positive for aPTT mixing
test (ICA>7), 10 patients (20.8%) were positive for aPE, 34 patients
(70.8%) were deficient for FXII (<60%) and 38 patients (79.2%) were
aPE positive and/or FXII deficient. Unlike the dRVVT which stimulates
factor X, aPTT test can detect autoantibodies to contact proteins such
as high molecular weight kininogen (HK) and FXII which are upstream
from factor X. Among 5 patients (0.9%) who were positive for dRVVT
(>1.2), no patients were positive for aPE, no patients were deficient for
FXII. No patients were positive for both aPTT and dRVVT.
Conclusion: Our present data suggest that most of LA in RPL patients
recognized HK and/or FXII.
PO168-TUE
Factor XIA, factor IXA and tissue factor activity in blunt
trauma patients
Butenas S1, Manning CT2 and Freeman K2
1
2
Department of Surgery, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA
Background: An elevated procoagulant activity has been observed in
trauma patients. In part, this increased activity is related to tissue factor (TF) located on blood cells and microparticles. However, quantitated levels of TF in trauma patient plasma indicate that there are
other contributor(s) to the procoagulant activity. We hypothesize that
factor (F)XIa and FIXa are responsible for an additional activity in
blunt trauma patients.
Aims: To analyze plasma from blunt trauma patients for the presence
of FXIa, FIXa and TF and quantitate their concentrations.
Methods: Multiple time-point citrate plasma samples from 53 blunt
trauma patients (total number of samples analyzed was 180; up to 11
time-point samples per patient collected in 120 h after admission) were
evaluated in a thrombin generation assay using anti-FXIa, anti-FIXa
and anti-TF monoclonal inhibitory antibodies. Forty-one patients
were male 12 female. The age of patients varied between 19 and
92 years. The Injury Severity Score varied between 1 and 75.
Results: At the time of admission, 22 patients (42%) had active TF, 50
(94%) had FXIa and 9 (17%) had FIXa in their plasma. Nine patients
(17%) without TF activity at the admission showed that activity at
later time-points. As for FXIa and FIXa, 100% of patients had FXIa
and 30% had FIXa at at least one time-point. The concentration of
TF was relatively low and varied between 0.1 and 1.5 pM, whereas
that of FXIa varied between 0.5 and 10 pM for the majority of plasma
samples, but in some samples exceeded 100 pM. Plasma samples with
FIXa activity had that protein at sub-nanomolar concentrations. No
TF, FXIa and FIXa activity was detected in plasma from healthy individuals.
Conclusion: The majority of plasma samples from blunt trauma
patients have detectable FXIa activity, with significant fraction of
569
them having active TF and FIXa as well. The concentration of all

three proteins in patient plasma varies in a wide range.
PO169-TUE
Coagulation monitoring of ventricular assist device
recipients reveals new insights in disturbed
haemostasis
Siegemund T1, Feder SH2, Oberbach A2, Siegemund A1 and
Mohr FW2
1
and Partners; 2Cardiac Surgery, University of Leipzig, Leipzig,
Germany
Background: Patients with advanced heart failure far outnumber the
hearts available for transplantation. Partly as a consequence of this
shortage, ventricular assist devices (VADs) are being used more
widely. Coagulation monitoring is a central component of recipients
management because thromboembolism and bleeding are strongly
associated clinical outcomes. Studies on platelet function have shown
that after VAD insertion, an up-regulation of platelet activation markers and function occurs. Furthermore, the recipients shows reduced
high molecular weight von Willebrand factor multimers (acquired von
Willebrand syndrome).
Aims: To date scientific findings on regulatory mechanisms of the
coagulation system in VAD recipients are rare. The present study
aimed to investigates the course of clot formation properties in VAD
recipients in intensive care unit (ICU). Furthermore, the study reveals
a more detailed few of the disturbed haemostasis and its correlation
with bleeding and thromboembolism events.
Methods: Thrombin generation is measured in platelet-poor (PPP) and
platelet rich plasma (PRP). Platelet function is assesed as P-selectin
expression after platelet activation and in Thromboelastography as
Platelet Mapping. Spatial propagation of the clot is recorded using the
Thrombodynamics assay. Furthermore, classical coagulation parameters were determined. Patients are monitored on daily basis before and
after implantation of a VAD.
Results: Will be included later.
Conclusion: Will be included later.
PO170-TUE
Histidine-rich glycoprotein binds DNA and RNA and
attenuates their capacity to activate the intrinsic
pathway of coagulation
Vu TT1,2,3, Leslie BA2,4, Stafford AR2,4, Zhou J2,4,
Fredenburgh JC2,4 and Weitz JI2,4,5
1
Medical Sciences, McMaster University; 2Thrombosis &
Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton; 3Medicine,
University of Toronto, Toronto; 4Medicine; 5Biochemistry &
Background: DNA and RNA are physiological activators of the contact system of coagulation. Histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG) modulates the contact system by binding factor (F) XIIa and attenuating its
activity.
Aims: To identify the mechanisms by which nucleic acids promote contact activation, and to determine how HRG modulates this process.
Methods: Thrombin generation and clotting assays were initiated with
DNA or RNA in normal or HRG-deficient human plasma. The effect
of HRG on DNA- or RNA-mediated activation of FXII and FXI in
570
ABSTRACTS
the absence or presence of contact factors and thrombin was assessed

using chromogenic assays, while the binding of contact proteins and
thrombin to immobilized DNA or RNA was assessed using surface
plasmon resonance (SPR).
Results: Addition of DNA or RNA to human plasma enhanced
thrombin generation via the intrinsic pathway and shortened the clotting time. Their effect on the clotting time was 7- to 14-fold greater in
HRG-deficient plasma than in control plasma; therefore, HRG attenuates nucleic acid-induced activation of coagulation. Investigations into
the mechanisms of activation revealed that nucleic acids (a) promoted
FXII activation in a prekallikrein (PK)- and high molecular weight
kininogen (HK)-dependent fashion, and (b) enhanced FXI activation
by thrombin by 10- to 12-fold. SPR studies showed that HRG binds
DNA and RNA with Kd of ~ 1 nM, and functional studies revealed
that HRG attenuates DNA- and RNA-mediated FXII activation, and
FXI activation by FXIIa or by thrombin. SPR studies demonstrated
that FXII, FXIIa, HK, FXI, FXIa and thrombin also bind DNA and
RNA, suggesting that nucleic acids provide a surface onto which
numerous contact factors assemble to trigger coagulation. Therefore,
in addition to attenuating FXIIa activity, our findings suggest that
HRG down regulates the capacity of nucleic acids to initiate and propagate the intrinsic pathway of coagulation.
Conclusion: By binding nucleic acids and FXIIa, HRG is a novel modulator of the intrinsic pathway of coagulation.
PO171-TUE
Localization of factor XI in platelets is not restricted to
alpha granules
Zucker M, Seligsohn U, Hauschner H and Rosenberg N
The Amalia Biron Research Institute of Thrombosis and
Hemostasis, Sheba Medical Center Tel Hashomer, and Sackler
Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
Background: Thrombin activation of platelets on a fibrinogen surface
results in two stages of shape changes. First, platelets develop fingerlike projections from cell periphery and granules are squeezed into the
center of the cell. Next, platelets flatten into a fried egg appearance.
The presence of factor XI protein (FXI) in platelets is controversial.
Factor XI-like antigenicity and activity were shown in platelets. Interestingly, platelet FXI displayed a different size than the plasmatic one.
Moreover, FXI mRNA was also presented in platelets but whether
this mRNA is translated into protein is yet to be determined.
Aims: To confirm the presence of FXI in platelets and investigate its
localization using confocal immunofluorescence.
Methods: Washed platelets were placed on fibrinogen-coated glass
cover slips and probed for FXI, actin and p-selectin, as a marker of
alpha granules, using specific antibodies. Platelets were allowed to
adhere and spread for 10 min at 37 C. Then thrombin was added and
incubated for 2 or 40 min. Following thrombin activation samples
were fixed and permeabilized.
Results: Confocal immunofluorescence staining confirmed the presence
of FXI protein within platelets. After two minutes of platelet activation by thrombin, platelets exhibited fingerlike projections and both
FXI and p-selectin were displayed at the center of platelets, but only
partial co-localization was demonstrated. After 40 min of thrombin
activation, platelets exhibited fried egg appearance, FXI staining
declined and was observed as small dots scattered differently from pselectin and from the 2-min activation presentation.
Conclusion: We confirm the presence of FXI protein within platelets.
Its localization is not restricted to alpha granules. Upon activation, the
localization of platelet FXI changes and decrease, probably due to
secretion. FXI that is secreted from platelets following their activation
could be involved in thrombus formation.
PO172-TUE
The 2,5-dichlorophenyl fragment as starting point in
the design of new FXIIa inhibitors
Bouckaert C1, Serra S1, Dogn
e J-M1, Fr
ed
erick R2 and Pochet L1
1
Department of Pharmacy (Namedic NTHC), University of
Namur, Namur; 2Medicinal Chemistry Research Group (CMFA
LDRI), Universit
e Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Bruxelles,
Belgium
Background: Thrombotic diseases are a major health concern. Anticoagulants have proven their efficacy but they are still associated with
bleedings. In the quest for the ideal anticoagulant, the inhibition of
FXIIa emerges as an attractive strategy for the development of safe
antithrombotic drugs.
Aims: Coumarin derivatives have been previously described as smallmolecular-weight inhibitors of FXIIa. Unfortunately, these compounds did not display any activity in vivo in a model of thrombosis.
In order to develop a new chemical scaffold targeting FXIIa, we
launched a study derived from a fragment-based drug design
approach. This study aimed to evaluate the fragment expansion of a
2,5-dichlorophenyl moiety. This latter was selected upon the assumption that 1) thrombin and FXIIa should share structural features since
they belong to the trypsin-like serine protease family and 2) the 2,5-dichlorophenyl moiety is present in various thrombin inhibitors and is
found to be stabilized in the thrombin S1-pocket as demonstrated by
crystallographic studies.
Methods: About twenty compounds containing a 2,5-dichlorobenzyltriazole scaffold were obtained by click chemistry. Then, from the
most active compounds, we investigated the replacement of the 2,5-dichlorophenyl by other halogens. Their inhibition potency was then
measured on FXIIa.
Results: Six compounds from the first series were selective and displayed IC50 ranging from 10 to 100 lM. Then, we studied the replacement of the 2,5-dichlorophenyl moiety. This underlined the
importance of the 2,5-dichlorophenyl moiety in the FXIIa inhibition.
This is an important information for our next syntheses.
Conclusion: The results are really encouraging and novel syntheses
have been started. They include the evolution of the side chain on the
2,5-dichlorobenzyltriazole. Molecular modeling of these compounds
will be helpful to rationalize the design of new attractive FXIIa inhibitors. Investigation of these new molecules on thrombin generation
assay is also in the pipeline.
PO173-TUE
DSR-130787, a novel orally-active factor XIA inhibitor
with low risk of bleeding
Mori M, Goto T, Shintome M, Toda M, Taga S, Matsushita K,
Fujita K, Ikuma Y, Iwata M, Suzuki K, Fukuda N, Kato H and
Shimizu I
Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
Background: Factor XI (FXI) deficiency causes hemophilia C, which is
characterized by mild spontaneous bleeding. As patients with severe
FXI deficiency have been reported to be at risk of ischemic stroke,
FXIa is considered to be an attractive target for the development of
novel anticoagulants. We have recently found DSR-130787 as a novel
orally-active prodrug FXIa inhibitor.
Aims: The aim of this study is to evaluate the pharmacological profiles
of DSR-130787 and its active form.
Methods: First, the inhibitory effects of test-compounds on human
FXIa, as well as on other serine proteases involved in coagulation or
fibrinolysis were evaluated. The effects of the active form of DSR130787 on thrombosis and hemostasis were then compared to those of
ABSTRACTS
dabigatran and rivaroxaban in rabbit models of arteriovenous-shunt
thrombosis and cuticle bleeding time. Finally, the anticoagulant effect
of single oral administration of DSR-130787 was evaluated in cynomolgus monkeys.
Results: The active form of DSR-130787 potently inhibited human
FXIa (IC50 < 10 nM) with a selectivity approximately 1000-fold that
for other serine proteases. DSR-130787 active form concentrationdependently prolonged aPTT in human, rabbit and monkey plasmas
[EC2x values of 0.58, 36, and 2.7 lM, respectively]. In rabbits, intravenous administration of DSR-130787 active form produced a dosedependent antithrombotic effect comparable to that of dabigatran or
rivaroxaban with minimal change in bleeding time. In monkeys, the
prolonging effect of DSR-130787, given orally at 30 mg kg1, on
aPTT lasted for up to 24 h.
Conclusion: DSR-130787 active form potently and selectively inhibited
human FXIa. Intravenous administration of DSR-130787 active form
to rabbits produced an antithrombotic effect comparable to that of dabigatran or rivaroxaban with much lower risk of bleeding. DSR130787 is therefore expected to be a novel orally-active anticoagulant
with low bleeding risk.
PO174-TUE
Evaluation of the effects of a novel contact pathway
inhibitor, IR-CPI, on in vitro platelet function and
coagulation
Jennings LK1,2, Kotha J2, Cardenas J2, Herr M2, Bhal V2,
Dixon M2, White MM2, Combe S3 and Godfroid E3
1
Vascular Biology/Medicine, University of Tennessee Health
Science Center; 2CirQuest Labs, Memphis, USA; 3Bioxodes SA,
Marche-en-Famenne, Belgium
Background: Ir-CPI, the tick Ixodes ricinus salivary protein, is a serine
protease inhibitor under development as a novel anticoagulant. Ir-CPI
inhibits Factors (F) XIIa, XIa, and kallikrein generation, prolongs the
activated partial thromboplastin time, and confers antithrombotic
activity in preclinical models.
Aims: The study aim was to test Ir-CPI effects on platelet function
using light transmission aggregometry (LTA), clot retraction, and Pselectin expression and to characterize Ir-CPI inhibition of the contact
activated coagulation pathway by assessing FXa and FIXa activation
time and activity.
Methods: Ir-CPI effects on LTA in response to 20 lM ADP and
1.6 mM arachidonic acid (AA) were studied using consented blood
donors (n = 5). Platelet P-selectin expression was evaluated using flow
cytometry (n = 4) following activation by contact pathway initiation.
Ir-CPI effects on PRP clot retraction was measured (n = 5), and FXa
and FIXa generation were determined by quantitative chromogenic
assays (n = 3).
Results: LTA response as well as clot retraction were unaffected by IrCPI pretreatment. However, the percent of P-selectin positive platelets
was decreased following Ir-CPI treatment (0.5, 1, and 2 lM) by 5%,
9%, and 18%, respectively, vs. control. FXa activation lag times were
prolonged to 704, 752, 826, 1013 s with increasing concentrations of
Ir-CPI (1, 2, 4, 8 lM, respectively) vs. control (611 s). Similarly, FIXa
activation lag times were 790, 834, 876, and 902 s, respectively, vs.
581 s (control). Also, the mean reaction rates (OD min1) of FXa and
FIXa with added Ir-CPI were decreased ~2.3-fold.
Conclusion: We demonstrated that Ir-CPI does not affect in vitro platelet aggregation response or clot retraction. However, Ir-CPI dose
dependently blocked contact pathway mediated platelet P-selectin
expression and the rate of FXa and FIXa activation and activity. This
study confirms specific effects of Ir-CPI on the contact pathway of
coagulation and provides a basis for monitoring Ir-CPI.
571
Disclosure of Interest: L. Jennings Grant/Research Support from:

Bioxodes, J. Kotha: None declared, J. Cardenas: None declared, M.
Herr: None declared, V. Bhal: None declared, M. Dixon: None
declared, M. White: None declared, S. Combe Consultant for: Bioxodes, E. Godfroid Shareholder of: Bioxodes, Employee of: Bioxodes.
PO175-TUE
Blood group, bleeding phenotype and post-partum
haemorrhage in factor XI-deficient women
Myers B1, Neal R2, Curry N3, Kadir R4 and Pavord S5
1
Haematology, Lincoln County Hospital, University Hospitals of
Leicester, Lincoln, Leicester; 2Medical School, UEA, Norwich;
3
Haematology, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford; 4Obstetrics,
Royal Free Hospital, London; 5Transfusion, Oxford University
Hospitals, Oxford, UK
Background: Factor XI (FXI) deficiency is a rare bleeding disorder
with an autosomal dominant inheritance. Heterozygotes have a mild/
moderate reduction in FXI level (2070 iu dL1), and homozygotes or
compound heterozygotes have severe reduction in levels, often
<1 iu dL1. However, there is no clear correlation between the FXI
level and bleeding tendency. Bleeding is usually trauma or surgeryrelated. The variable bleeding tendency and risks of factor replacement
pose a challenge to pregnancy-management.
Aims: Our aim in this study was to examine the post-partum haemorrhage (PPH) rate in women with FXI deficiency, to enable better riskstratification at delivery.
Methods: FXI deficient-women were identified from local data-bases
of 5 hospital trusts. Those who had at least one pregnancy were identified from obstetric records. Subjects were divided into bleeders and
non-bleeders according to their general bleeding tendency. Blood
group, baseline FXI level, PPH events and vonWillebrand antigen and
activity were all recorded where available.
Results: A total of 115 women were identified. Overall PPH rate in
FXI-deficient women was 16.2% compared to local PPH rates of 5%.
Of these, PPHs occurred in 21.5% bleeders compared to 10% in nonbleeders, and 26.4% of blood group O compared to 8% in Non-O.
Women with combined blood O and bleeding phenotype had the highest PPH rate of 32.8%. Mean FXI level was similar across all subgroups. Von Willebrand factor antigen and activity results were
available for 35 women.
Conclusion: Although the majority of women with FXI deficiency have
straightforward pregnancy and delivery, those with a history of bleeding and/or blood group O may experience excessive bleeding at or after
delivery. Expectant management with availability of blood products
should be practiced for these women.
572
ABSTRACTS
PO176-TUE
Identification of three novel factor XII mutations
associated with congenital factor XII deficiency
Jin P1,2, Jiang W2, Yan H1, Liu L1, Gu S3, Wang X4, Shen L2 and
Mo X1
1
Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology & Oncology Ministry of
Health, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai
Childrens Medical Center,Shanghai Jiaotong University School
of Medicine; 2Departments of Clinical Laboratory, Xinhua
Hospital,Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine;
3
Department of Pediatric surgery, Shanghai Childrens Medical
Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine;
4
Departments of Clinical Laboratory, RuijinHospital, Shanghai
Jiaotong University School of Medicine, shanghai, China
Background: Congenital factor XII (FXII) deficiency is a rare, autosomal recessive coagulation disease caused by mutations in the F12 gene.
We have diagnosed five Chinese pedigrees with FXII deficiency.
Aims: To investigate the underlying mechanism of the FXII deficiency
phenotype in these pedigrees.
Methods: FXII antigen and FXII activity levels were determined by
ELISA and one-stage clotting assays, respectively. Mutations in F12
gene were analyzed by sequencing the entire exons. Mutations were
introduced into a pIRES2-EGFP-FXII mammalian expression plasmid by site-directed mutagenesis, and wild-type or mutant FXII proteins were expressed transiently in HEK 293T cells. Protein
degradation inhibition experiments were performed by using various
membrane-permeable inhibitors.
Results: All patients had prolonged activated partial thromboplastin
time, as well as markedly decreased FXII activity and antigen level.
Gene analysis identified three mutations [c.6635G>A (p. G259E),
6658G>C (p. R267G) and c.8489G>A (p. E521K)] in the five patients,
two of whom were with heterozygous mutations (R267RG and
E521EK, respectively). In vitro studies in transiently transfected HEK
293T cells demonstrated that these mutations significantly lowered the
FXII levels in the culture media, but not due to the defects in transcription or transportation through the secretion pathway. Protein
degradation inhibition experiments with various inhibitors suggested
that the three mutants were degraded intracellularly through the proteasome pathway in the pre-Golgi compartment. Moreover, R267G
and G259E mutations exhibited dominant negative effects leading to
FXII deficiency,consistent with the phenotypes in the heterozygous
carriers, but such dominant negative effects were not due to the dimerization of FXII.
Conclusion: In summary, we have identified and characterized three
novel missense mutations that caused FXII deficiency in five patients,
with one patient exhibiting autosomal dominant trait.
PO177-TUE
FXI-independent cerebral hemostasis in experimental
traumatic brain injury
Lorentz C1, Schwarzmaier SM2,3, de Chaumont C2, Balbi M3,
Terpolilli NA3, Tucker EI1, McCarty OJ4, Kleinschnitz C5,
Gruber A4 and Plesnila N3
1
Aronora, Inc., Portland, USA; 2Neurodegeneration, Royal
College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; 3Institute for
Stroke and Dementia Research, University of Munich Medical
Center, Munich, Germany; 4Biomedical Engineering, OHSU,
Portland, USA; 5Neurology, University of Wuerzburg Medical
Center, Wuerzburg, Germany
Background: Polytrauma victims are at high risk of injury-associated
bleeding and thrombosis. Antithrombotic treatment benefits patients,
but concurrent traumatic brain injury (TBI) represents an important

medical dilemma due to high risk of increased hemorrhage. The brain
expresses high levels of tissue factor (TF) that supports hemostatic
intracranial thrombin generation. While microthrombi likely control
head injury-associated intracranial bleeding, they may also play a role
in TBI-associated cerebral ischemia. Because antithrombotics inhibit
TF-dependent hemostasis the risks of their use in TBI is considered to
outweigh the antithrombotic benefits.
Aims: Unlike TF-dependent hemostasis, contact pathway activation
does not appear to support hemostasis and inhibition of contact pathway factors XII or XI are antithrombotic. Here we evaluated whether
inhibition of contact pathway activation affects intracranial bleeding
and microthrombus formation in a mouse model of TBI.
Methods: Wild type mice received an antibody (14E11) that inhibits
FXI activation by FXIIa or a control IgG 24 h before, 30 min or 2 h
after TBI. Pial and parenchymal microvessels were visualized by 2photon microscopy 23 h after trauma and blood vessel occlusions
and cortical perfusion were evaluated. Histopathological outcome,
including bleeding, microclots, and edema, was quantified 24 h after
TBI.
Results: Both pharmacologic inhibition of FXI activation by FXII and
genetic deletion of FXI prolonged aPTT without affecting PT. This
anticoagulation that targets FXII and FXI dependent thrombin generation was not associated with changes in intracranial hemorrhage, microthrombus formation, or hemispheric swelling within the first 24 h
following TBI.
Conclusion: Since thrombogenesis in larger vessels is FXI-dependent,
multitrauma victims might benefit from pharmacologic targeting of
FXI-dependent thrombin generation and thrombosis without aggravating TBI-associated brain hemorrhage.
Disclosure of Interest: C. Lorentz Employee of: Aronora, Inc., S.
Schwarzmaier: None declared, C. de Chaumont: None declared, M.
Balbi: None declared, N. Terpolilli: None declared, E. Tucker
Employee of: Aronora, Inc., O. McCarty: None declared, C. Kleinschnitz: None declared, A. Gruber Employee of: Aronora, Inc., N. Plesnila: None declared.
PO178-TUE
Activation of factor XII by plasmin leads to bradykinin
formation in hereditary angioedema
rkqvist J2, Suffritti C3, de Groot PG1, Cicardi M3,
Maat SD1, Bjo
2
Renn
e T and Maas C1
1
Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University Medical Center
Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands; 2Department of Molecular
Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden;
3
Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of
Milan, Milan, Italy
Background: Patients with hereditary angioedema (HAE) develop
bradykinin-mediated focal attacks of pathological vascular leakage at
various sites of the body. HAE is caused by C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency (HAE-C1inh) or by substitution mutations in factor XII (HAEFXII). These mutations include T309K, T309R, or a mutation that
replaces 16 original amino acids by 27 new amino acids (Del&Ins).
Aims: To elucidate the disease mechanism of HAE-FXII.
Methods: In silica predictions indicate that HAE-FXII mutations
induce loss of O-linked glycosylation and simultaneously introduce
new enzymatic cleavage sites for trypsin-like proteases. We produced
recombinant mutants and wild type FXII for comparative studies.
Control mutants T309A and Del (only lacking O-linked glycosylation) were made to investigate the influence of both types of molecular
changes.
Results: HAE-mutations did not enhance clotting- or enzymatic activity on a kaolin surface. However, FXII can also be activated through
cleavage by plasma kallikrein (PK) and plasmin in solution. We found
ABSTRACTS
that plasmin, but not PK, cleaved all HAE-FXII mutants while leaving controls intact. Corresponding to this cleavage, enzymatic activity
increased dramatically.
In plasma, HAE-FXII mutants escaped inactivation by C1inh in
response to plasmin. The resultant free activated FXII generated a
strong pulse of bradykinin release via PK. Soluble lysine analogues
attenuated this mode of FXII activation, explaining their reported
therapeutic effect in HAE. These findings were confirmed in plasma of
patients with FXII-T309K. Disease activity correlated positively with
plasminogen levels in these patients, suggesting that it may act as a disease modifier.
Conclusion: HAE-FXII mutations collectively introduce new cleavage
sites in FXII that accelerate activation by plasmin, leading to excessive
bradykinin release. We propose that this implicates plasmin as trigger
for FXII activation in HAE and hypothesize that this mechanism
reflects the natural pathway by which FXII is activated.
PO179-TUE
Unexpected hepatocyte growth factor activator (HGFA)
activity allows a possible crosstalk between activated
factor XII and the HGF/c-MET pathway in human
plasma
Prezoto B1, Motta GD2, Viana MN1, Teixeira CFP1, Araujo PA1,
Mariano DOC3 and Pimenta DC3
1
Laboratory of Pharmacology, Butantan Institute; 2Department of
Biochemistry, UNIFESP; 3Laboratory of Biochemistry, Butantan
Institute, S~ao Paulo, Brazil
Background: Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) promotes cell proliferation/angiogenesis through its c-Met receptor. Hyperactivation of cMET highly express transcription of genes such as that corresponding
to plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) and cyclooxygenase 2
(COX-2), promoting hemostasis activation and fibrin deposition. Factor XII (FXII) may not be essential for coagulation in vivo, but promotes cell proliferation/angiogenesis and thrombosis. HGF activator
(HGFA) is a FXII-like serine protease and chicken genome presents
its corresponding gene, but not that of FXII. HGFA, known as
thrombin substrate, is the main activator of HGF.
Aims: Our objective was to detect possible activation of HGFA after
treatment of citrated human and chicken plasma samples with ellagic
acid (EA)-based reagent.
Methods: The hydrolysis of the fluorogenic substrate Ac-K-T-K-Q-LR-MCA designed for HGFA was monitored in a spectrofluorimeter
under different experimental conditions.
Results: In human citrated plasma, EA was able to promote cleavage
of synthetic substrates designed for active FXII (FXIIa), plasma kallikrein (KK), active factor XI (FXIa) and, surprisingly, active HGFA.
However, no activity concerning HGFA substrate was observed in
similar conditions with chicken or FXII- and PPK-deficient human
plasma samples under the same experimental conditions.
Conclusion: The cleavage of HGFA substrate was dependent on FXIIa
and KK. FXIIa itself and other FXII-driven proteases, such as FXIa,
KK, KK-activated urokinase (uPA) and bradykinin-released tissuetype plasminogen activator (tPA) can alternatively activate HGF in vitro. The use of specific antibodies or inhibitors for c-MET receptor
and/or its intracellular signaling pathways would elucidate possible
influence of HGF/c-MET pathway in both cell proliferation/angiogenesis and thrombus generation elicited by FXII.
Disclosure of Interest: B. Prezoto Grant/Research Support from: Supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientfico e Tecnol
ogico (CNPq) and Fundac~ao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de
S~
ao Paulo (FAPESP), G. Motta: None declared, M. Viana: None
declared, C. Teixeira: None declared, P. Araujo: None declared, D.
Mariano: None declared, D. Pimenta: None declared.
573
PO180-TUE
FXI and FXII activity levels in young patients with
cryptogenic ischemic stroke
Duboscq C, Ceresetto J, Stemmelin G, Shanley C, Rabinovich O,
Palmer S, Bullorsky E and on behalf of AISYF group
Haematology, Hospital Britanico, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Background: Experiments with Factor XII (FXII) knockout mice have
demonstrated that fibrin formation mediated by FXII and FXI is
important for pathological arterial thrombosis. These studies have also
showed that FXII deficiency prevents pathological thrombus formation without affecting normal haemostasis. However, it is unknown if
FXII and FXI contribute to stroke pathophysiology in humans.
Aims: The aim of this study is to determine FXI and FXII activity levels in young people with stroke.
Methods: Population: Stroke Group (SG): 37 consecutive patients (22
55 years old) with cryptogenic arterial cerebrovascular disease confirmed by image studies were included between 2010 and 2014 as part
of a Multicenter National Study for the detection of Fabry disease in
young people (AISYF trial). A CT scan, MRI, carotid ultrasonography and transthoracic echocardiography and EKG monitoring was
performed in all patients. 15/37 present at least one classical cardiovascular risk factor and all had a negative thrombophilia study. Mean NIHSS score was 4 (17). Control group (CG): 70 healthy controls.
Method: FXI and FXII were performed in three dilutions by one stage
clotting assay in automated coagulometer.
Results: Stroke group mean age was 41.9 years old (range: 2255), 22
women; Control group mean age was 38 years old (2550),18 women.
FXI activity levels were SG: 121.12 28.32% and CG:
101.74 12.58%. Three patients presented FXI levels above 90 th
percentile of control group. FXII activity levels were: SG:
116.57 34.83% and CG: 102 18.32%. Seven patients showed
FXII levels above 90th percentile of control group. In this study, neither FXI nor FXII activity levels in the stroke group were significantly
different from the control group.
Conclusion: According with these results, FXI and FXII activity levels
doesnt appear to be associated with cryptogenic ischemic stroke.
PO181-TUE
Antithrombotic effects of Ir-CPI in an arterio-venous
shunt model in the rabbit
Guyaux M1, Gueret P2,3, Becher F4, Amiral J5, Simon S4 and
Godfroid E1
1
Bioxodes, Marche en Famenne, Belgium; 2Hemostasis Unit
Hematology Laboratory, University Hospital, Rennes; 3GETBO
EA3878, Brest; 4Laboratoire Etudes et Recherches
Immunoanalyse, CEA Saclay, Gif sur Yvette; 5Hyphen Biomed,
Neuville sur Oise, France
Background: Ir-CPI is a 67 aa protein derived from the salivary glands
of the tick Ixodes ricinus. It is a contact phase inhibitor targeting specifically factors XIa and XIIa.
Aims: The aim of the study was to evaluate the antithrombotic potential and the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationships of IrCPI.
Methods: The experiment was performed on New Zealand rabbits
(n = 34) anesthetized with ketamine-xylazine. An arterio-venous (AV)
shunt device containing a silk thread was connected between the femoral artery and vein. Ir-CPI was administered intravenously at variable
doses as a bolus alone or followed by a continuous infusion starting
5 min before the opening of the AV-shunt. Thrombus weight was measured at the end of a 40 min shunt period. Blood samples were taken
10 min before and 45 min after administration. Plasma was prepared
574
ABSTRACTS
to monitor the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), FXI and

FXII activities and Ir-CPI concentration. The aPTT was measured
using actin FS as reagent. Factors XI and XII activities were measured
using FXI or FXII deficient plasmas and aPTT (Cephen) method. IrCPI plasma concentration was determined by mass spectrometry and
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Results: Ir-CPI reduced thrombus weight by 36.8%, 62.1% and 97.2%
at 1, 3 and 5 mg kg1, iv and by 90.4% at 3 mg kg1 followed by
2.3 mg kg1 h infusion. Ir-CPI plasma concentrations increased proportionally with the dose. Antithrombotic activity (>90%) corresponded to a plasma Ir-CPI level of 2500 ng mL1, a prolongation of
the aPTT of 50%, an inhibition of FXI and FXII activities of 35
40%. The in vivo effects on aPTT, FXI and FXII and Ir-CPI exposure
level were consistent with the data obtained in vitro using rabbit
plasma spiked with Ir-CPI.
Conclusion: These results demonstrate the antithrombotic potential of
Ir-CPI in a model of AV-shunt in the rabbit whilst establishing the
relationships between the antithrombotic efficacy, the Ir-CPI circulating concentration, the aPTT prolongation and the inhibition of FXI
and FXII.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Guyaux Shareholder of: company developing agent, Consultant for: company developing agent, P. Gueret
Grant/Research Support from: the company developing agent, F. Becher Grant/Research Support from: company developing agent, J.
Amiral: None declared, S. Simon Grant/Research Support from: company developing agent, E. Godfroid Shareholder of: the company
developing agent, Employee of: the company developing agent.
PO182-TUE
surface plasmon resonance: SensiQ Pioneer as a means
to screen drug discovery fragments for HITS
Wishart C1, Hardy L1, Corte ACL1, Hethershaw E1, Revill C2,
Fishwick C2, Foster R2, Ariens R1 and Philippou H1
1
Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research; 2School of
Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
Background: Common approaches to the identification of hits from
small molecules or fragments are via high-throughput screening (HTS)
assays and/or surface plasmon resonance (SPR).
Aims: The aims of this study were to validate hit identification between
a HTS enzymatic assay and a high-throughput SPR system (SensiQ
Pioneer).
Methods: A commercially-available fragment collection (1000 fragments) was employed to determine hits using the HTS enzymatic assay
and the SensiQ Pioneer for binding against an target enzyme. The SensiQ Pioneer employs a single concentration of fragment and using a
OneStep programme allows for serial dilution of the fragment (analyte) within the association phase of the fragment to the target (ligand)
to determine the affinity an interaction.
Results: When the data were compared between the two approaches,
the fragment hits proved to be similar, with the majority of the hits
from the enzyme assay being picked up by the SPR method and a few
more binders to the target being identified from the SPR methodology.
Conclusion: The SPR technique using the SensiQ Pioneer is a useful
tool for screening large libraries of small molecules/fragments to efficiently narrow down the number of hits for further analysis. The
advantage of this SPR approach over other instruments is the ability
to characterise affinity analysis within the first assay in addition to the
identification of initial binders to the target. Furthermore, this instrument has the unique ability to perform OneStep titration of the analyte eliminating the need to prepare a manual serial dilution of the
analyte, meaning a single vial of one concentration can be employed.
The software for the instrument is very easy to use allowing fast analyses of data. We conclude that SPR using the SensiQ Pioneer instru-
ment is an efficient and cost-effective method for fragment/compound

screening.
PO183-TUE
Modelling of surface-dependent activation of contact
activation factor XII in a buffer solution
Terenteva V1 and Panteleev M2
1
Department of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University;
2
National Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russia
Background: The process of factor XII (fXII) activation upon contact
with a surface remains poorly understood, and there are several questions. Does fXII undergo spontaneous activation upon contact with a
surface, or is it completely autoactivated by trace amounts of fXIIa?
Does fXII bind to the surface to become autoactivated by fXIIa
(bound-substrate model), or not (free-substrate model)?
Aims: We aimed to suggest putative mechanism of activation and to
test spontaneous activation hypothesis, which refers to when binding
with the surface alone causes formation of fXIIa.
Methods: We simulated experiments on the fXII activation in a buffer
solution. We used kinetics law to derive a set of ODEs to be solved.
With Copasi software we calculated the systems time evolution
under various conditions.
Results: We performed optimization procedures and considered mechanisms of autoactivation separately. Both mechanisms were able to
qualitatively describe autoactivation. We obtained theoretical curves
and overlaid the curves with dots corresponding to the experimental
data, and bound-substrate model gave us better fitting.
To determine whether the system has the initial trace of an enzyme due
to contamination of purified fXII used in activation studies or the system producing a sufficient amount of fXIIa via spontaneous activation
we examined the total amount of fXIIa generated while varying surface concentration: if spontaneous activation occurs, activation goes
to completion for a much narrower range of surface concentrations
but its yield is larger upon excessive surface concentrations, and the
fXII activation rate at large surface concentrations is non-zero, while
it is zero without spontaneous activation.
Conclusion: Only the bound-substrate model decribes the majority
of experimental data, whereas the free-substrate model does not. As
for the question of origin of initial fXIIa, measurable differences
between the models with and without spontaneous activation appears
only upon deficit or excess of the surface.
PO184-TUE
Effect of a plant inhibitor of the contact system on a
mouse thrombosis model
Oliva ML1, Brito MV1, Salu B1, Cruz JW1, Wlodawer A2 and
Maffei FH3
1
Universidade Federal De S~
ao Paulo, S~
ao Paulo, Brazil;
2
Macromolecular Crystallography Laboratory, NCI, Frederick,
MD, USA; 3Departament of Surgery and Orthopedics, Faculdade
de Medicina de Botucatu, Botucatu, Brazil
Background: Many protease inhibitors in plants seeds interact with different classes of enzymes and contribute to modulation of biochemical
pathways involved in inflammation, cancer, and thrombosis, among
other pathological conditions. Trypsin, chymotrypsin, factor XIIa and
plasma kallikrein are inhibited by Enterolobium contortisiliquum trypsin inhibitor (EcTI) that also prolongs partial activated thromboplastin time (aPTT).
ABSTRACTS
Aims: To investigated the effect of the coagulation contact system
inhibitor EcTI in a mouse thrombosis model.
Methods: The effect of EcTI was investigated in the photochemically
induced thrombosis model in mice by monitoring the time course of
the occlusion blood flow in an isolated carotid artery. We also investigated the inflammatory status induced by LPS prior to EcTI administration (2.5 mg kg1).
Results: In the groups treated with 2 or 4 mg kg1 EcTI prior to
thrombus induction, the time of total artery occlusion was prolonged
58% and 96%, respectively, in relation to that of the control group
(0.15 M NaCl). In the mesenteric microcirculation of the Wistar rats,
EcTI reduced significantly cell behavior exacerbated in LPS-induced
inflammatory response, which may indicate an involvement of this
compound in the inhibition of the expression of adhesion molecules.
In addition, the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-a, MIP-1a,
IL-1b, MCP-1) decreased significantly, demonstrating its anti-inflammatory action.
Conclusion: These data show that EcTI was able to prevent arterial
thrombosis in mice. Further studies will be performed in order to clarify the mechanisms involved in EcTI action.
Endothelium and vessel wall II

PO185-TUE
Endothelial cell increases its rigidity during
inflammation through modification of the gap junction
Okamoto T1, Kawamoto E2, Akita N3, Hayashi T4, Suzuki K5 and
Shimaoka M1
1
Molecular Pathobiology and Cell Adhesion Biology, Mie
University; 2Emergency and Critical Care Center, Mie University
Hospital, Tsu-City; 3Faculty of Medical Engineering, Suzuka
University of Medical Science, Suzuka-City; 4Biochemistry, Mie
Prefectural College of Nursing, Tsu-City; 5Faculty of
Pharmaceutical Science, Suzuka University of Medical Science,
Suzuka-City, Japan
Background: Arterial stiffening along with aging, metabolic syndromes, and atherosclerosis represents a risk factor of cardiovascular
diseases. Several studies have suggested a link between vessel stiffness
and cardiovascular diseases. Vessel stiffness is determined by the rigidity of the multiple components in the extracellular matrix proteins,
proteins and cells. Endothelial cellular stiffness has been shown to be
affected by the substrate stiffness, shear stress, and other factors; however, the impact of vascular inflammation on endothelial cell stiffness
remains poorly understood.
Aims: In this study, we investigated the regulation of endothelial cellular stiffness in the response to inflammatory stimulation.
Methods: To evaluate endothelial cell stiffness, we have measured the
force curve of live human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)
by using atomic force microscopy.
Results: We have shown that stimulation of HUVECs with tumor
necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) increased the endothelial cellular stiffness.
The increase in stiffness was transient, thereby peaking at 4 h after
stimulation and returning to the baseline stiffness after 24 h. Next we
have observed that upon the formation of a confluent monolayer, HUVEC stiffness got decreased. This result led us to investigate how cellcell interactions would contribute to endothelial cellular stiffness. Then
we have shown that a gap junction inhibitor facilitates endothelial cell
stiffening upon confluent monolayer formation.
Conclusion: Supported by our previous report that endothelial gap
junction is suppressed after inflammatory stimulation, the present
results suggest that endothelial cell increases the cellular stiffness in
response to inflammatory stimuli by modifying the gap junctional
intercellular communication. Our study provides a new insight into
575
the potential pathogenic role of endothelial cell stiffness driven by vascular inflammation.
PO186-TUE
Analysis of the expression and localization of RNase
and RNase inhibitor in blood cells and vascular
endothelial cells involved in homeostasis in the
vascular system
Ohashi A1, Cho Y1, Ichinose S2, Hoshi O1 and Koyama T1
1
Graduate School of Health Care Sciences; 2Instrumental Analysis
Research Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo,
Japan
Background: Extracellular RNA may be released from cells in cases of
injury and vascular disease. It has been recognized as a novel procoagulatory and permeability-increasing factor and is counteracted by
RNase 1 in endothelial cells.
Aims: No detailed characterization of the expression and localization
of RNase and its inhibitor (RI) in the vasculature has been carried out
so far. We aimed to investigate the expression and localization of
RNase and RI in cells which come in contact with blood, such as platelets, mononuclear cells (MNCs), polymorphonuclear cells (PNCs), and
red blood cells.
Methods: We investigated the expression and/or activity of RNase 1
and RI using western blot, RT-PCR, immunocytochemical staining,
transmission electron microscopy, and RNase activity tests in blood
cells, comparing them with those of the human umbilical vein endothelial cell line EAhy926. We further investigated the effect of anti-neoplastic drugs such as a proteasome inhibitor bortezomib on the
expression of RNase 1 in EAhy926 cells.
Results: RNase 1 and RI mRNA and protein were similarly expressed
in EAhy926 cells, MNCs and platelets, but RNase activity in supernatants derived from EAhy926 cells was much higher than in supernatants
from any of blood cells. RNase 1 and von Willebrand factor (VWF)
were partly colocalized in EAhy926. RNase may be protected from
inhibition by RI in Weibel-Palade bodies and be released in the vasculature. While platelets release RNase 1 and RI with activation, RNase 1
was only partly colocalized with VWF in a-granules. RNase activity in
supernatants derived from EAhy926 cells with or without dexamethasone and lenalidomide increased progressively, but it decreased gradually in supernatants from EAhy926 cells with bortezomib.
Conclusion: RNase activity may be mainly released by vascular endothelial cells in the vasculature, and RNase 1 released from blood cells
seems to be inhibited by RI. The RNA/RNase 1/RI in blood cells may
be a contributor to the regulation and maintenance of vascular homeostasis.
PO187-TUE
Changes in the endothelial expression of genes related
to inflammation and atherothrombosis in response to
uremia
rrizas M3, Cases A2,
Martin-Rodriguez S1, Vera M2, Mir E1, Pa
4
1
Cruzado JM , Escolar G and Diaz-Ricart M1
1
Hemotherapy-Hemostasis; 2Neprhology, Clinic Hospital;
3
Diabetes and Obesity Research Group, IDIBAPS; 4DIAVERUM
Hemodialysis Institute, Barcelona, Spain
Background: Endothelial dysfunction (ED) in chronic kidney disease
(CKD) has a multifactorial etiology, with concomitant development of
inflammation and oxidative stress.
576
ABSTRACTS
Aims: In order to understand the molecular mechanisms involved in

endothelial dysfunction in uremia, the effect of uremic media on the
gene expression in endothelial cells in culture (ECs) has been investigated.
Methods: ECs were exposed to sera samples from patients on hemodialysis (HD) or healthy donors (C). Changes in gene expression were
assessed using PCR profiler panels of genes related to atherosclerosis
and inflammation. The differentially expressed genes were confirmed
by RT-PCR using primers specifically designed, and their protein
expression was verified by Western-blot.
Results: We observed changes in the expression of genes related to atherosclerosis (KLF2), proliferation (PDGFA, PDFGB), angiogenesis
(PPARd) and inflammation (CCL2, VCAM1 and NFjB). By RTPCR, we observed a significantly increased gene expression of
VCAM1, CCL2 and PDFGB (fold increase of 3.8 0.2, 2.3 0.1,
2.1 0.1 vs. C; P < 0.05), a moderate increase in NFjB and PDFGA
(fold increase of 1.4 + 0.3 and 1.3 0.3 vs. C) and a reduced presence
of KLF2 (fold increase 0.8 0.2 vs. C). Protein expression followed
the same patterns.
Conclusion: Exposure of endothelium to the uremic enviroment results
in abnormal expression of genes related to inflammation and atherosclerosis, shifting to a proinflammatory phenotype. The decreased
expression of the atheroprotective KLF2, together with the increased
expression of proinflammatory genes, such as VCAM1 and NFjB,
correlated with the proinflammatory phenotype observed in cells
exposed to the uremic media. These changes could be involved in the
development of the cardiovascular complications commonly associated with CKD.
Study partially supported by grants: SAF2011-28214, RETIC/
FEDER-RD12/0042/0016 and FIS-PI13/00517.
PO188-TUE
Upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression
by activated protein C in human umbilical vein
endothelial cells requires endothelial protein C
receptor and activation of protease-activated
receptors-1 and -3
Liang H, Xue M and Jackson C
Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney,
Sydney, Australia
Background: Activated protein C (aPC), an enzyme in the coagulation
cascade with important anticoagulant activities, has also been found
to inhibit inflammation, promote angiogenesis, and enhance wound
healing. APC can accelerate tissue matrix remodelling by directly stimulating matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 activity and promoting the
proliferation of human endothelial cells and keratinocytes.
Aims: The aim of the current study is to further elucidate the mechanism by which aPC regulates MMP-2.
Methods: MMP-2 gene and protein expression in cultured human
umbilical-vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was determined using
reverse-transcriptional PCR, zymography and western blot, following
the addition of relevant test agents.
Results: aPC, but not its inactive precursor protein C, dose-dependently upregulated MMP-2 gene and protein expression in HUVECs.
Preventing the binding of aPC with its major receptor, endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR). by a blocking antibody, abolished its ability
to upregulate MMP-2. Blocking antibodies to protease-activated
receptors (PAR)-1 and to a lesser extent, PAR-3, also inhibited aPCinduced MMP-2 upregulation, whereas PAR-2 blocking antibody
showed no effect. In concordance, activating peptides of PAR-1 and
PAR-3, but not PAR-2, increased the expression of MMP-2.
Conclusion: Our results indicate that the interactions of aPC with
EPCR, PAR-1 and PAR-3, but not PAR-2, are important for the
expression of MMP-2 on endothelial cells, which has implications for

developing new therapeutic strategies to accelerate the tissue repair
process during wound healing.
PO189-TUE
Biomarkers of endothelial damage and inflammatory
process in patients with Alzheimer disease or with
mild cognitive impairment
Pinheiro MB1, Silva MVF2, Goncalves GS2, Faria MC2,
Moraes EN3, Bicalho MA3, Dusse LMS2 and das Gracas
Carvalho M2
1
School of Medicine Campus Centro Oeste Dona Lindu,
Universidade Federal De S~
ao Jo~
ao Del Rei, Divinopolis;
2
Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of
Pharmacy-Federal University of Minas Gerais; 3Hospital das
Clnicas, Faculty of Medicine Federal University of Minas
Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
Background: Blood vessel damage and inflammation are important
factors for Alzheimer disease (AD). Previous studies have reported
higher levels of both soluble Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor (TFPI) due to endothelial damage, while soluble receptors of Tumoral Necrosis Factor
(sTNFR1 and sTNFR2) have been described as important biomarkers
of TNF-dependent inflammatory process.
Aims: To measure plasma levels of sICAM-1, TFPI, sTNFR1 and
sTNFR2 in elderly patients with AD, mild cognitive impairment
(MCI) and in elderly individuals without cognitive impairment (controls).
Methods: We evaluated 65 patients with AD, 55 with MCI and 30 controls. Plasma levels of sICAM-1, sTNFR1 and sTNFR2 were determined by ELISA using commercial kits, while TFPI was determined
by an in-house ELISA. The results were expressed as median and interquartile range and analyzed by KruskalWallis and MannWhitney
tests.
Results: Levels of sICAM-1 were increased in AD compared to MCI
and controls: 360.0 (174.0) vs. 298.0 (154.7) ng mL1, P = 0.0091; and
360.0 (174.0) vs. 273.4 (109.3) ng mL1, P = 0.0005, respectively. Levels of TFPI were elevated in AD compared to controls: 91.0 (39.0) vs.
69.0 (23.5)%, P = 0.0025, while sTNFR1 were increased in patients
with both AD and MCI compared to controls: 2020 (1051) vs. 1313
(531) pg mL1, P < 0.0001; and 2020 (1051) vs. 1139 (506) pg mL1,
P < 0.0001, respectively. Also sTNFR2 were increased in both AD
and MCI compared to controls: 8015 (7026) vs. 2901 (1877) pg mL1,
P < 0.0001; and 6124 (4544) vs. 2901 (1877) pg mL1, P < 0.0001,
respectively. Significant correlation between sICAM-1 and sTNFR1
(P = 0.029, r = 0.341) and sTNFR2 (P = 0.004, r = 0.435) was
observed only for DA patients.
Conclusion: Our data have confirmed that endothelial damage and
proinflammatory factors are more evident in DA compared to MCI
and controls while suggesting an association between inflammation
and endothelial injury in the pathogenesis of AD. Acknowledgment:
CNPq and FAPEMIG-Brazil.
ABSTRACTS
PO190-TUE
Activation of the endothelium may be involved in the
hemostatic alterations induced by micrurus tener tener
venom in C57BL/6 mice
Salazar E1, Salazar AM1, Perez K1, Urdanibia I1, RodriguezAcosta A2, Taylor P1 and Guerrero B1
1
Centro de Medicina Experimental, Ivic; 2Instituto Anatomico,
UCV, Caracas, Venezuela, Bolivarian
Background: We have previously described hemostatic activity induced
in vitro by Micrurus venoms (Salazar et al 2011). Continuing these
studies, we showed some hemostatic effects of M. tener tener venom
(Mtt), including hemorrhagic manifestations and exacerbated endogenous fibrinolysis activation in a mouse model.
Aims: As endothelial activation may induce the disturbances seen in
the in vivo model and due to the poor understanding of the hemostatic
effects produced by these venoms, we evaluated the alterations in the
vascular system.
Methods: C57BL/6 male mice paws were injected with 8 lg of Mtt. We
confirmed the presence of alterations in the vascular system with a
paw edema assay (Yamakawa et al 1976). Serum blood samples were
collected at different times to evaluate cytokine release (TNF-a and
IL-6). Bothrops isabelae venom (Bi) was used as a positive control and
sterile saline solution as negative control. Then, different doses of Mtt
were used to activate a mouse liver endothelial cell line (LSEC) after
preliminary tests of the LD50 (Vichai & Kirtikara, 2006). At 24 and
48 h, several parameters including expression or release of tissue factor
(TF), von Willebrand factor (vWF), tissue type plasminogen activator
(t-PA) and nitric oxide (NO) were evaluated, using thrombin and Bi as
the positive controls.
Results: Mtt induced a moderate edematogenic effect at 240 min comparing with Bi at 120 min. The maximum levels of TNF-a and IL-6
were observed at 30 and 240 min, respectively. Mtt induced vWF and
TF release in vitro with a pattern similar to Bi and thrombin, but did
not induce t-PA and NO release as did both Bi and thrombin.
Conclusion: Mtt may produce hemorrhagic manifestations in the mice
model through alterations in the vascular endothelium, which may be
associated with the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in addition
to direct activation by the venom itself.
PO191-TUE
Increased endocan levels and its association with
severity in Stevens Johnson syndrome and toxic
epidermal necrolysis
Syed D1, Iqbal O1, Bouchard C2, Mosier M3, Hoppensteadt D1
and Fareed J1
1
Pathology; 2Ophthalmology; 3Surgery, Loyola University
Background: StevensJohnson syndrome (SJS) is a form of toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) in which cell death causes the epidermis to
detach from the dermis. The pathophysiology of this syndrome is complex and involves endothelial dysfunction.
Aims: To determine the levels of endocan and inflammatory biomarkers in the systemic circulation of: 1) biopsy confirmed SJS/TEN subjects; 2) patients with allergic skin reactions but biopsy negative for
SJS/TEN; and 3) normals.
Methods: Sixteen patients > 18 years were recruited and 7 confirmed
for SJS/TEN. Plasmas were assayed for endocan, tumor necrosis factor-a (TNFa), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and Creactive protein (CRP). Differences between SJS/TEN, biopsy negative
(B), and healthy (H) (n = 23) subjects, explored using ANOVA and
Tukeys post-hoc test. Data presented as median [IQR].
577
Results: SJS/TEN and B subjects had higher endocan levels than

normal controls (SJS/TEN: 3.0 ng mL1 [2.28.1]; B: 4.0 ng mL1
[1.54.9]; normal controls: 1.8 ng mL1 [1.72.0]; P = 0.004). Endocan levels were more strongly associated with SCORTEN in SJS/TEN
subjects than in B subjects (r-squared SJS/TEN = 0.51; B = 0.03).
SJS/TEN subjects exhibited significantly higher levels of TNFa compared to H subjects (P = 0.03). SJS/TEN TNFa levels were significantly lower compared to B subjects (P = 0.005). VEGF levels were
also elevated among SJS/TEN and B subjects compared to H subjects (SJS/TEN: 12.0 pg mL1 [7.652.7]; B: 10.5 pg mL1 [8.7
12.0]; H: 4.9 pg mL1 [4.26.5]; P < 0.0001). There was no significant
difference in VEGF levels between SJS/TEN and B subjects. Similarly, CRP levels were elevated among SJS/TEN and B compared to
H subjects. CRP levels between SJS/TEN and B did not differ significantly.
Conclusion: This is the first study to evaluate endocan in systemic circulation of SJS/TEN. Elevated endocan levels were more strongly
associated with severity among SJS/TEN than among less severe allergic reactions with skin involvement.
PO192-TUE
Endothelial pathogenesis results in the generation of a
proteoglycan Endocan in various diseases
Hoppensteadt D1, Walborn A1, Iqbal O1, Syed D1, Bansal V2,
Mosier M3, Bouchard C4, Guler N1 and Fareed J1
1
Pathology; 2Nephrology; 3Surgery; 4Ophthalmology, Loyola
University Medical Center, Maywood, USA
Background: Endocan is a proteoglycan which is upregulated in various diseases involving endothelial dysfuntion. Pro-inflammatory mediators such as TNFa, IL1b and bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and
VEGF and FGF-2 promotes its generation. Endocan binds to LFA-1
and inhibit transendothelial migration of leucocytes during inflammation.
Aims: The aim of this study is to quantitate endocan levels in various
diseases in which endothelial function is dysregulated.
Methods: Citrated plasma samples were obtained from 30 disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC), 68 end stage renal disease
(ESRD), 7 stevens johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/
TEN), and 51 liver disease patients. Endocan/ESM-1 was quantitatively measured using an enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA)
according to the manufacturers protocol (LUNGINNOV s.a.s. Lille,
France). The differences in endocan levels between DIC, ESRD, SJS/
TEN, liver disease, and healthy normals (n = 42) were assessed using
kruskalwallis ANOVA and Dunns post-hoc test. Data are presented
as median [IQR].
Results: Endocan levels were significantly different between DIC
(3.3 ng mL1 [2.36.4]), ESRD (2.2 ng mL1 [1.63.0]), SJS/TEN
(3.0 ng mL1 [2.18.1]), liver disease (4.3 ng mL1 [1.49.3], and
healthy normals (1.8 ng mL1 [1.62.0]) (ANOVA P < 0.0001).
Dunns post-hoc test comparing each of the diseased groups to healthy
normals revealed that endocan levels were significantly increased
among DIC (P < 0.0001), ESRD (P = 0.005), and SJS/TEN
(P = 0.005). No significant difference was observed between liver disease and healthy normals (P = 0.6023).
Conclusion: These studies demonstrate that endocan is increased in diseases in which endothelial function is altered due to various pathogenic mechanisms. Such diseases as DIC, SJS/TEN and ESRD
showed marked elevation in endocan levels in comparison to the normal. This data suggest that endocan can be used as a prognostic marker of endothelial dysfunction.
578
ABSTRACTS
PO193-TUE
Upregulation of chemokine expression by
Streptococcus mutans bearing collagen-binding
protein in cultured brain endothelial cells
Matsumoto Y, Hokamura K and Umemura K
Department of Pharmacology, Hamamatsu University School of
Medicine, Hamamatsu City, Japan
Background: We previously reported that infection with Streptococcus
mutans (S. mutans) expressing collagen-binding protein (CBP) further
aggravates cerebral haemorrhage in a mouse stroke model, which may
result from the activation of matrix metalloprotease-9 (MMP-9).
Aims: In the present study, we investigated whether the CBP of S. mutans contributes to the expression of MMP-9 and chemokines using
cultured brain endothelial cells.
Methods: A transformed mouse brain endothelial cell line, b.End3,
was exposed to serotype k S. mutans (TW295) or TW295CND (a
CBP-deficient strain generated by inactivation of gene encoding CBP
in TW295), or recombinant Cnm protein (CBP). After the exposure,
the mRNA expression of MMP-9 and chemokines CCL2 and functional IL-8 homologues CXCL1/KC and CXCL2/MIP-2 was assessed
by real-time PCR.
Results: The expression of MMP-9 mRNA was not changed in both
TW295 and TW295CND groups. In contrast, the mRNA expression
of CCL2, CXCL1 and CXCL2 was significantly enhanced by the exposure to TW295 but not TW295CND. Recombinant Cnm protein
(CBP) itself also upregulated the mRNA expression of CCL2, CXCL1
and CXCL2.
Conclusion: Thus, the CBP of S. mutans TW295 is important for the
augmentation of expression of chemokines (CCL2, CXCL1, CXCL2)
that may secondarily result in MMP-9 activation.
Disclosure of Interest: Y. Matsumoto: None declared, K. Hokamura:
None declared, K. Umemura Grant/Research Support from: JSPS a
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) No. 24390138.
Fibrinogen / fibrin / D-dimer II

PO194-TUE
Two novel different substitutions of fibrinogen Aalpha
98

E1, Stikarov

Kotln R1, Reicheltova-Riedelova Z1, Ceznerova
a J 1,
1
1
2
1
Pastva O , Suttnar J , Salaj P and Dyr JE
1
Department of Biochemistry; 2Center for Thrombosis and
Hemostasis, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion,
Prague 2, Czech Republic
Background: Hereditary dysfibrinogenemia is a disease wherein an

inherited abnormality in fibrinogen molecule results in defective fibrin
function.
Aims: The aim of our study was to characterize a cause of an abnormal
coagulation in two unrelated patients with mutation in fibrinogen Aa
98.
Methods: Fibrin polymerization and fibrinolysis were measured by turbidimetrical method. Kinetics of fibrinopeptide release was measured
by HPLC. Gene sequencing was performed by dideoxysequencing
method.
Results: The first patient was a 27-year old woman with decreased
functional fibrinogen level and history of thrombosis. Total fibrinogen
level, thrombin and reptilase times were within normal range. Genetic
analysis revealed a heterozygous substitution Aa Phe98Tyr. The second patient was a 42-year old woman with decreased functional fibrinogen level, two consecutive abortions, no bleeding symptoms apart
from mild menorrhagia, and no history of thrombosis. Genetic analysis revealed a heterozygous substitution Aa Phe98Ile. Both patients
presented with normal kinetics of fibrinopeptide release. Fibrin polymerization and fibrinolysis were impaired in both cases.
Conclusion: Both patients were found to be heterozygous for a point
mutation in fibrinogen Aalpha 98. Mutations are situated in the
coiled-coil connector. The amino acid substitutions are located in the
middle of the coiled-coil connector of fibrinogen in the RGDF
sequence Aa 9598. Mutations are situated in close proximity to the
plasmin cleavage site and the cryptic site, which affects the lateral association of protofibrils. Although both mutations are situated at the
same site they had a different clinical manifestation. This work was
supported by the project of the Ministry of Health, Czech Republic,
for conceptual development of research organization 00023736, by
Grant from the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic nr. P205/12/
G118, and by ERDF OPPK CZ.2.16/3.1.00/24001.
PO195-TUE
Clinical features and molecular basis of 102 Chinese
patients with congenital dysfibrinogenemia
Zhou J1, Ding Q2, Chen Y3, Ouyang Q1, Jiang L1, Dai J2, Lu Y2,
Wu X2, Liang Q2, Wang H1 and Wang X2
1
Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated To
Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Shanghai,
China; 2Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital,
Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai;
3
Department of Laboratory Medicine, The 303 hospital of
Chinese Peoples Liberation Army, Nanning, China
Background: Congenital dysfibrinogenemia (CD) is a rare qualitative
disorder of fibrinogen (Fg) with heterogeneous clinical manifestations.
Aims: We aimed to analyze clinical phenotype and molecular basis of
102 Chinese patients with CD and to evaluate the application of
thrombolastography (TEG) in CD patients.
Methods: Clinical manifestations were recorded and quantified using
the consensus ISTH bleeding assessment tool. Kaolin activated TEG
and functional Fg TEG (FF-TEG) were applied in 30 CD patients and
20 normal controls. Genetic analysis of the three fibrinogen genes
(FGA, FGB, FGG) were performed by direct sequencing.
Results: 27.5% CD patients (female 19/28) experienced bleeding, 3.9%
had thrombosis and 68.6% were asymptomatic. Significant difference
(P < 0.05) in parameters of both TEG were found between patients
with mutations at AaArg35(16) and cArg301(275), but were not identified between patients with and without bleeding. TEG results were
normal in CD patients with mutations at Arg35(16), Pro37(18) or
Arg38(19) on Aa chain. A total of 18 mutations were identified and 6
of them are novel, including Gly33(14)del, Asp57(38)_Trp60(41)del
IVS2+1_+2GTdel and Phe742(723)Tyr on Aa chain, and Asn334(308)
Thr, Gly335(309)Cys and Trp395(369)Leu on c chain.
Conclusion: Most CD patients were asymptomatic and female were
more prone to experience bleeding than male. Parameters in TEG
could not indicate the bleeding risk in CD patients, but priority of
mutation screening at thrombin cleavage site or polymerization site on
Aa chain may be given if TEG results are normal in CD patients.
ABSTRACTS
PO196-TUE
Coexistence of congenital fibrinogen deficiency and
hereditary protein C deficiency in an infant presenting
with purpura fulminans
, Ozdemir
Bor O
ZC and Turhan AB
Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University,
Eskisehir, Turkey
Background: Protein C is the key component of the anticoagulant system. Hereditary protein C deficiency causes a hypercoagulable state.
Clinical presentation of protein C deficiency varies from severe neonatal purpura fulminans, or life-threatening thrombotic disorder to
asymptomatic. The incidence of heterozygous protein C deficiency is
1/200500 healthy individuals, whereas homozygous protein C deficiency incidence is estimated at 1/500,000750,000. Congenital fibrinogen deficiency is an extremely rare hereditary bleeding disorder,
affecting 1 in 1,000,000 individuals.
Aims: Combination of both has been reported in very few cases.
Methods: A male infant aged 9 months was presented with the complaint of bruising on his legs. The physical examination revealed
ecchymosis with consolidated irregular areas of blue black hemorrhagic necrosis on his lower limbs and lower gluteal area. Purpura fulminans was considered based on the cutaneous findings.
Results: Laboratory examinations revealed anemia and thrombocytopenia. PT and PTT were prolonged, fibrinogen was low and D-dimer
was high. These findings supported disseminated intravascular coagulation. Protein C activity was low. He was treated with heparin and
fresh frozen plasma which helped him to recover clinically. He was discharged with still low protein C activity and low fibrinogen level.
These levels did not return to normal by the next follow-up visit. Protein C levels ranged from 10 to 20%. Since he had fibrinogen levels
<50 mg dL1 and recurrent soft tissue bleeding, prophylaxis was conducted with fibrinogen concentrate 30 mg kg1/dose weekly. Our
patient had no more thromboembolic event or bleeding symptoms
during the treatment with TDP and fibrinogen concentrate.
Conclusion: Based on these findings, Protein C deficiency and fibrinogen deficiency were diagnosed and a blood sample was sent for genetic
diagnosis.
PO197-TUE
International study to assess the performances of a
new liquid assay for determination of fibrinogen
Harris N1, Valadier J2 and Testa S3
1
Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory
Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville,
USA; 2Hematology Laboratory, Saint-Joseph Hospital, Marseille,
France; 3Thrombosis & Hemostasis Center, Cremona Hospital,
Cremona, Italy
Background: The Clauss method for fibrinogen testing appears to be
the most reliable method for general use in clinical laboratories. A new
assay reagent for the quantitative determination of fibrinogen levels in
plasma, based on the Clauss clotting method, was developed in a
liquid format to improve its convenience.
Aims: Evaluate the performances of the new reagent through a method
comparison on results obtained in 3 different laboratories: Gainesville
(USA), Marseille (France) and Cremona (Italy).
Methods: Patients were tested with the new reagent: STA Liquid
Fib (Diagnostica Stago, Asnieres s/Seine, France) (LiqFib) and the
reference method: STA Fibrinogen 5 (Diagnostica Stago) (Fib5) on
STA-R or STA Compact analyzers (Diagnostica Stago) using precalibrated test setups. Four hundred and thirteen patients referred to
the laboratory for fibrinogen testing were included in the study.
579
Seventy-eight samples had fibrinogen levels lower than 1.5 g L1 and
66 samples had fibrinogen levels above 8 g L1. Samples were spread
along the working range (0.412 g L1). Correlations were analyzed
through linear regressions (LiqFib versus Fib5) and Bland & Altman
Graph.
Results: Results obtained with the new reagent LiqFib versus the current reagent Fib5, showed an excellent correlation in the three laboratories:
Gainesville: y = 0.94x + 0.14 (r = 0.998).
Marseille: y = 0.96x + 0.22 (r = 0.994).
Cremona: y = 1.01x + 0.10 (r = 0.997).
When data from the three sites were combined, the correlation was still
optimal (r = 0.995).
Bland & Altman analysis showed more than 95% of samples within
our analytical acceptable ranges.
Conclusion: The comparison between the new reagent, LiqFib, and the
reference reagent, Fib5, demonstrates the excellent correlation of
results for the whole assay working range. In addition, as LiqFib is a
ready to use liquid reagent, it can improve workability in the laboratory.
Disclosure of Interest: N. Harris Grant/Research Support from: Stago,
J. Valadier Grant/Research Support from: Stago, S. Testa Grant/
Research Support from: Stago.
PO198-TUE
Pharmacokinetic (PK) comparison of two fibrinogen
concentrates for the treatment of congenital fibrinogen
deficiency
Schwartz B1, Rangarajan S2, Karimi M3, knaub S4 and Peyvandi F5
1
CR&D, Octapharma Usa, Hoboken, USA; 2Consultant
Haematologist, Southern Hemophilia Network, Basingstoke, UK;
3
Hematology Research Center, Nemazi Hospital, Shiraz, Iran;
4
CR&D, Octapharma, Lachen, Switzerland; 5Centro Emofilia &
Trombosi Angelo Bianchi Bonomi, milano, Italy
Background: Patients with congenital afibrinogenaemia and hypofibrinogenaemia, can experience severe bleeding episodes starting at birth
or early childhood. Therapeutic substitution with human fibrinogen
concentrate can correct the haemostatic defect and arrest the bleeding
in patients with these fibrinogen deficiencies.
Aims: A new plasma derived, highly purified, lyophilized, fibrinogen
concentrate, that includes two dedicated virus inactivation/removal
steps is compared to another commercially available product.
Methods: This ongoing study is a prospective, randomized, open-label,
multinational, crossover PK comparison of two fibrinogen concentrates, including comparison of a surrogate efficacy endpoint Maximum Clot Firmness (MCF) measured by ROTEM. The study
includes a crossover design where both products are given a single dose
in a randomized fashion separated by an observation period and washout of any fibrinogen product prior to infusion.
Results: Nine adult and adolescent patients were included in a planned
interim analysis. Comparable PK profiles between the products were
seen in the interim analysis but in key parameters, Normalized Area
Under the Curve (AUCnorm), the new concentrate 0.994, marketed
concentrate 0.731 hmg mL1/(mg kg1, P-value 0.014) and clearance
(new 0.522, marketed 0.594 mL h1 kg1, P-value 0.033), significant
differences were observed between the groups. Comparable haemostatic efficacy of the two prodducts was demonstrated based on their
ability to significantly increase MCF.
Conclusion: The interim data from this study showed in general a comparable PK profile for the two concentrates in patients with congenital
fibrinogen deficiency. The new concentrate showed a significantly
higher AUCnorm and lower clearance than the comparator. The haemostatic efficacy of the new concentrate, as measured by change in
MCF as a surrogate parameter, was similar to that of the licensed
580
ABSTRACTS
comparator, and there was no related AE or SAE for the new concentrate after single-dose administration.
Disclosure of Interest: B. Schwartz Employee of: Octapharma, S.
Rangarajan: None declared, M. Karimi: None declared, S. knaub
Employee of: Octapharma, F. Peyvandi: None declared.
PO199-TUE
Fibrinogen and factor XIII are modified by
N-homocysteinylation reactions
Genoud V, Lauricella AM, Kordich L and Quintana I
Quimica Biologica, Facultad De Ciencias Exactas Y Naturales
Uba, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Background: Homocysteine thiolactone (HTL), one of the compounds
responsible for the harmful effects associated to hyperhomocysteinemia, can react with biological compounds (N-homocysteinylation).
In previous studies we demonstrated that this process alters the kinetics of plasma fibrin formation and lysis and modifies the structure of
the networks.
Aims: To study effects of HTL on fibrinogen (Fbg) and factor XIII
(FXIII).
Methods: Fbg and FXIII were incubated with HTL (molar ratio protein:HTL = 1:500 and 1:1000; 3 h, 37 C) or saline buffer as control.
Capillary Zone Electrophoresis (CZE): N-homocysteinylated proteins (FbgHTL and FXIIIHTL) were analyzed and electroferograms
were registered. Fibrinoformation: clots were generated by adding
thrombin and CaCl2 to the FbgHTL. Optical densities (OD) at
405 nm were measured. The sigmoid curves were characterized by
lag phase, maximum velocity (Vmax) and final network OD. Clot
lysis: fibrin networks were obtained in the presence of plasminogen
and tisular plasminogen activator. Fifty percentage lysis times were
recorded. FXIII activity (photometric method): decreases of OD
(OD) vs. time were registered. All assays were performed in quadruplicate.
Results: CZE: electroferograms of FbgHTL and FXIIIHTL showed
enhanced migration times vs. control. Fibrinformation assays: Fbg:
HTL (1:1000) showed lag phase 5.8 0.1 min vs. 2.63 0.02 min;
Vmax 19.75 1.48 min1 vs. 59.25 2.77 min1 and final network
OD 0.865 0.008 vs. 0.920 0.021. Lysis 50%: 22.00 0.40 min
vs. 15.33 0.46 min. FXIII activity: OD were 0.0487 0.0037 vs.
0.0389 0.0014. In all assays significant differences (P < 0.01)
between treated samples and controls were observed.
Conclusion: N-homocysteinylation reactions induced structural
changes in Fbg and FXIII molecules. FbgHTL impaired fibrinformation kinetics and prolonged lysis time respect to control. HTL
increased FXIII transglutaminase activity. These results would
explain, at least partially, the findings observed in plasma system.
Subsidio UBA 20020130100741BA
PO200-TUE
A case of thrombosis in congenital afibrinogenemia
patient: a physiopathologic and management dilemma
Santoro C1, Massaro F1, Capria V1, Venosi S2, Baldacci E1,
Abbruzzese R1, Barone F1, Bochicchio R1, De Angelis F1,
Volpicelli P1 and Mazzucconi MG1
1
Cellular Biotechnology and Hematology, Hematology Sapienza
University; 2Vascular Surgery, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
Background: In Congenital Afibrinogenemia (CA) arterial and venous
thromboembolism can occur spontaneously or following fibrinogen
replacement therapy.
Aims: We describe the case of a CA male patient who experienced an

artherial thrombosis in his left lower limb.
Methods: The patient, born in 1973, during his life presented mild
moderate bleeding episodes treated first with cryoprecipitate, and since
1978 with fibrinogen concentrate (FC).
Results: In October 2008 after a trauma of lower left limb, he developed a thrombosis of left anterior and posterior tibial arteries. Treatment with low molecular weight heparin 200 IU kg1 day1, Iloprost
and FC (as anti hemorrhagic prophylaxis) was administered. In
December 2008, amputation of left foot toes was performed because
of necrosis. Biopsy of pedidial arterial vessels showed a concentric myointimal hyperplasia. In the next months, despite medical treatment,
the arterial thrombosis progressed to the obstruction of the whole left
arterial district (iliac-phemoral-popliteal-tibial arteries). At that point,
anti hemorrhagic prophylaxis with FC was substituted with Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP). As an extreme attempt to reduce the obstruction,
an arteriography was performed to place a surgical bypass and to try
local thrombolysis with urokinase. Although a transitory amelioration, at day 3 the US demonstrated the occlusion of the stent and of
the whole arterial left district, progressed to the aorto-iliac bifurcation.
In June 2009 the vascular surgeon amputated the left lower limb
because of complete necrosis. Surgery was performed under FFP without bleeding complications. After surgery patient continued to be treated with enoxaparin 100 IU kg1 day1, clopidogrel 75 mg day1,
aspirin 100 mg day1, FFP administered twice a week. Since then the
patient has not experienced other thrombotic or hemorrhagic events.
Conclusion: This case demonstrates the complexity of physiopathology
and clinical management of a so called bleeding disorder as CA.
PO201-TUE
CTEPH-associated dysfibrinogenemia with enhanced
accessibility on fibrin of ligands for VE-cadherin
Planquette B1,2,3, Chiles P3, Marsh J3, Sanchez O1,2, Meyer G2
and Morris T3
1
INSERM U975, PARCC; 2Service de pneumologie et de soins
^pital Europ
intensifs, Ho
een Georges Pompidou, Paris, France;
3
Division of pulmonary and critical care, UCSD Hillcrest Medical
Center, San Diego, USA
Background: CTEPH-associated dysfibrinogenemias (fibrinogensSan
Diego IV) produce fibrin clots (FC) that are somewhat resistant to fibrinolysis. They also have altered molecular and polymeric structures,
although it is unclear how the alterations might influence remodeling
of thrombi into vascular scars. The fibrin -chain amino terminus (B
knob) binds the endothelial cell (EC) transmembrane receptor, VEcadherin, which has been implicated in vascular remodeling. Prolonged or enhanced B knob accessibility in CTEPH-associated fibrin
could augment EC signaling and influence vascular scarring in the
presence of pulmonary emboli (PE).
Aims: To determine if FC derived from CTEPH-associated dysfibrinogenemias expose an increased number of B-knobs compared to normal
fibrin.
Methods: FC were formed from 2 CTEPH-associated fibrinogens:
fibrinogenSan Diego-III (in which plasmin access to the lytic target is limited) and fibrinogenSan Diego-V (in which a net negative charge imparted
to fibrin might disrupt polymer formation). Negative controls were FC
derived from healthy controls confirmed to have normal fibrinogen.
Positive controls were FC formed under hypertonic conditions, which
disrupts polymer formation. Anti-B knob and isotypic control antibodies (Ab) were labeled with 125I and then percolated through FC.
After washes, retained 125I-labeled Ab were measured by gamma
counting.
Results: FC from fibrinogenSan Diego-V and FC formed under hypertonic conditions retained more anti-B knob than the FC formed under
ABSTRACTS
isotonic conditions from normal fibrinogen. FC from fibrinogenSan
Diego-III retained anti-B knob similar to clots from normal fibrinogen.
None of the clots retained the isotype control Ab.
Conclusion: FC formed from fibrinogenSan Diego-V had more accessible
B knobs: promoting VE-cadherin mediated EC activation may explain
vascular scars after PE in these patients. FibrinogenSan Diego-III may
have a different mechanism of clot persistence and scar formation.
PO202-TUE
Non-enzymatic fibrinogen self-assembly unveiled
Galanakis D1, Zhang l2,3, Rafailovich M2 and Case B3
1
Pathology; 2Material Science and Engineering, Stony Brook
University, Stony Brook; 3Division of Biology, Chemistry and
Materials Science, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver
Spring, USA
Background: Fibrinogen (fg) self-assembly (FSA) can be induced by
centrifugation, protamine sulfate precipitation, Factor XIIIa-crosslinking, and hydrophobic adsorption. Apart from fibrin-identical fiber
periodicity, and intermolecular aC-aC contact dependence, its mechanism is unknown. Two minor fractions of fg isolates, one possessing
FSA capacity and the other comprising soluble fibrin/fibrinogen complexes (FFC), led us to hypothesize that FFC play an FSA role.
Aims: To test this hypothesis.
Methods: Isolated fg, >97% clottable, was PMSF-treated to neutralize
trace proteases. Fg (4 mg mL1, l = 0.15, pH 7.4, 0.5 mM EDTA)
was incubated overnight with polystyrene(PS)-coated 1 9 1 cm silica
wafer plates. Resulting surface images were assessed by light microscopy and atomic force microscopy topographic scans. To induce FSA
by flow, fg (4 mg mL1, pH 7.4, l = 0.15) was subjected to peristalsis
in a 17.5 ml capacity circular 3/16 ID Tygon tube, at
100 mL min1, 12 h. The interior tube surface consisted of PS or
polylactic acid (respective water droplet angles 90 and 70). To
induce FSA by static procedure, fg was subjected to l = 0.05, pH
6.4, 4 overnight.
Results: By either FSA inducing procedure, resulting clots represented
69% of total fg, n = 4. By SDS-PAGE all clots displayed intact
chains with minor/trace amounts of cc dimers. PS surface-linked
images of pre-clot fg displayed numerous variable size aggregates of
fiber networks. Those of clot supernatant fg were markedly diminished
(to <10%), as were those of pre-clot fg pre-incubated with 5 molar
excess fg fragment D100, or 100 molar excess GPRP peptide. These
and pre-clot fg networks were morphologically similar, indicating
incomplete FSA inhibition.
Conclusion: The results imply a critical FFC role in FSA. Also, they
underscore that FFC most likely account for cryofibrinogenemia,
and that they possibly coalesce/localize into insoluble clots at nonendothelial including implanted device and atheroma surfaces.
PO203-TUE
Assessment of a test for functional fibrinogen in whole
blood using ultrasound technology compared to clauss
fibrinogen in plasma
Blasier K, Ferrante EA, Terrasi J, Fischer TJ and Viola F
Hemosonics, Charlottesville, USA
Background: Currently no point-of-care (POC) device exists to measure fibrinogen levels in whole blood that correlate well with fibrinogen
estimates based on the Clauss method. Assessment of fibrinogen is typically performed in the central lab using plasma, resulting in long turn
581
around times. This results in the sub-optimal selection of transfusion

products for the management of bleeding.
Aims: To assess the feasibility of the QuantraDxTM System, a novel
POC device that uses an ultrasound based technology, to determine
fibrinogen concentrations in whole blood compared to a Clauss fibrinogen method.
Methods: Native plasma in whole blood from 5 healthy volunteers was
replaced with Factor Assay Control plasma (FACT) with varying levels of fibrinogen. The levels, ranging from 286 to 75 mg dL1, were
made by mixing FACT with a known fibrinogen level and fibrinogen
deficient plasma. The samples were run on the QuantraDx where time
to clot and clot stiffness were measured using ultrasound. The same
samples were also evaluated on the STAGO Start4 using the STAGO
Fibri-Test kit. A saturating amount of Reopro was used to suppress
the platelets for all samples tested on the QuantraDx. Clotting was initiated with dilute tissue factor and the anticoagulant reversed with calcium chloride.
Results: QuantraDx results demonstrated a linear relationship between
clot stiffness and theoretical fibrinogen levels ranging from 286 to
75 mg dL1. Good agreement was achieved when comparing the
STAGO Clauss fibrinogen concentration to the shear modulus values
from the QuantraDx (R values ranged from 0.924 to 0.989) across the
sample population tested). Duplicate precision for the QuantraDx
(6.5% CV, n = 27) was higher than for the Clauss Method (3.4% CV,
n = 27) but still acceptable for use in the critical care setting.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates that it is feasible to develop a
whole blood method for determining fibrinogen concentration based
on the QuantraDX System that correlates with a traditional Clauss
fibrinogen method.
Disclosure of Interest: K. Blasier Shareholder of: Hemosonics,
Employee of: Hemosonics, E. Ferrante Shareholder of: Hemosonics,
Employee of: Hemosonics, J. Terrasi Employee of: Hemosonics, T. Fischer Shareholder of: Hemosonics, Employee of: Hemosonics, F.
Viola Shareholder of: Hemosonics, Employee of: Hemosonics.
Hemophilia clinical II
PO204-TUE
Haemophilia presentations. . ..let me count the ways
Williams V and Reardon S
3SA Pathology Womens and Childrens Hospital, Adelaide,
Australia
Background: Haemophilia is an X-linked disorder often diagnosed due
to a known family history although spontaneous mutations do arise
with diagnosis after easy bruising and/or bleeding episodes.
Aims: Here we describe 4 interesting presentations of haemophilia
diagnosed over the last few years.
Methods: Nil.
Results: Case 1 with no known history of haemophilia was detected
preoperatively due to a prolonged APTT and was subsequently shown
to have a previously unrecognised mutation 1763 A>T resulting in
moderate haemophilia. The mutation was also found in mother but
not grandfather.
Case 2 was initially believed to be a non-accidental injury in a girl with
a knee effusion. She was subsequently found to be a Turner syndrome
carrying a 5123 A>G mutation conferring mild haemophilia.
Case 3 was unusual in that haemophilia was found in the son of a haemophilia patient who by chance had married a haemophilia carrier.
Case 4 was only diagnosed due to gene analysis as his factor VIII level
was normal. He was the son of a known carrier and tested due to this
history but was found to be a Klinefelter and analysis showed he is in
fact a male carrier of haemophilia.
Conclusion: The possible form of presentation of haemophilia cannot
be underestimated.
582
ABSTRACTS
PO205-TUE
Intracranial hemorrhage in early neonates with
hemophilia in Japan
Taki M1, Shima M2 and on behalf of J-HIS2 Study Group
1
Department of Pediatrics, St. Marianna University School of
Medicine Yokohama-city Seibu Hospital, Yokohama;
2
Department of Pediatrics, Nara Medical University, Kashihara,
Japan
Background: Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) at delivery in hemophilia
patients continues to be a major problem, particularly when coupled
with a lack of information as to whether or not mothers are hemophilia carriers.
Aims: In this study, we investigated the associations among family history of hemophilia, mode of delivery, and ICH in early neonates.
Methods: The subjects were a total of 245 patients registered in the
prospective patient registration system for those newly diagnosed with
hemophilia (J-HIS 2) which had started in 2008, including 213 patients
with hemophilia A and 32 with hemophilia B. We retrospectively studied patients who suffered ICH within 1 week after birth in terms of the
mode of delivery and family history of hemophilia.
Results: 1) In total, 173 patients were delivered vaginally (VD) and 59
by cesarean section (CS). Of the 173 patients delivered by VD, 147
were delivered spontaneously, 16 by vacuum extraction, and 1 by forceps, whereas the mode of delivery was unknown in nine patients. CS
was chosen based on the possibility of hemophilia in the infant in
seven cases, for obstetrical reasons in 38, and for unknown reasons in
14. ICH occurred within 1 week after birth in five patients delivered
by VD (2.9%) and 1 by CS (1.7%). Of these five patients delivered by
VD, 4 were delivered by vacuum extraction and 1 spontaneously. 2) of
129 patients without a family history, 105 were delivered by VD
(81.4%) and 24 by CS (18.6%). Of 97 patients with a family history,
63 (64.9%) were delivered by VD and 34 (35.1%) by CS. Eight
patients with a family history (7.6%) and 8 without a family history
(12.7%) were delivered by vacuum extraction or using forceps.
Conclusion: The incidence of ICH did not differ distinctly between
patients delivered spontaneously by VD and those delivered by CS.
However, it was confirmed that the risk of ICH is high among patients
delivered vaginally by vacuum extraction. The study suggested a
higher tendency to select CS for mothers with a family history.
PO206-TUE
A Phase III, open-label, multicenter study to evaluate
pharmacokinetics of a plasma-derived von willebrand
factor/factor VIII (VWF/FVIII) concentrate in pediatric
subjects with haemophilia A (SWIFTLY-HA STUDY)
Pompa MT1, Iosava G2, Khayat C3, Romashevskaya I4,
Aleinikova O5, Stasyshyn O6, Vashchenko L7, Lopez MJ8 and
Seifert W9
1
Monterrey Nuevo Leon OCA Hospital (MIRC), Monterrey
Nuevo Leon, Mexico; 2Joint Stock Hematology and
Transfusiology Research Institute, Tbilisi, Georgia; 3Hospital
^tel Dieu de France, Beirut, Lebanon; 4Republican Research
Ho
Centre of Radiation Medicine and Human Ecology, Gomel;
5
Republican Scientific and Practical Centre of Children Oncology
and Heamatology, Minsk, Belarus; 6Institute of Blood Pathology
and Transfusion Medicine, Lviv; 7Dnipopetrovsk Kafedra
Pediatric Hospital, Dnipopetrovsk, Ukraine; 8Guatemala City
Hospital Roosevelt, Guatemala, Guatemala; 9Clinical
with a VWF:FVIII ratio of 2.4:1. The SWIFT (Studies with von

Willebrand factor/Factor VIII) program is evaluating this product in
hemophilia A and VWD patients in accordance with the European
clinical and pediatric guidelines.
Aims: This was a Phase III study to investigate the pharmacokinetics
(PK) in pediatric subjects aged 0 to <12 years with severe hemophilia
A (FVIII:C < 1%) who had received previous FVIII treatment for a
minimum of 20 exposure days. The efficacy and safety data are presented in abstract ISTH15ABS-1336.
Methods: Subjects received Voncento as a single bolus infusion of
50 IU FVIII kg1 on Day 1 (n = 33: 15 subjects were <6 years including 3 subjects <2 years). PK parameters for FVIII were derived from
plasma concentration values collected prior to dosing and then at 0.5,
4, 8, 24, and 48 h after the infusion. PK parameters comprised Incremental recovery (IR), Half-life (t1/2), Area under the concentration
curve (AUC), Maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), Minimum
plasma concentration (Cmin), Time to maximum concentration (tmax),
Mean residence time (MRT), Clearance (CL), Volume of distribution
at steady state (Vss).
Results: In the overall PK population, a mean Cmax of 0.76 IU mL1
was found at a median of 35.0 min postdose, which then declined
over time with mean terminal t1/2 of 10.7 h and MRT of 14.3 h. Mean
IR was 0.015 (IU mL1)/(IU kg1), mean CL was 6.02 mL h1 kg1,
and mean Vss was 87.6 mL kg1. Mean values for PK parameters were
slightly higher in the 6 to <12 years age group compared to the 0 to
<6 years age group (with the exception of CL).
Conclusion: Concentrationtime curves showed similar profiles for the
subjects aged <6 years and those aged6- < 12 years, but, as expected,
the youngest of the children have an increased clearance. A contemporary comprehensive development program evaluating Voncento
across all ages in hemophilia A is now available.
Disclosure of Interest: M. T. Pompa: None declared, G. Iosava: None
declared, C. Khayat: None declared, I. Romashevskaya: None
declared, O. Aleinikova: None declared, O. Stasyshyn: None declared,
L. Vashchenko: None declared, M. J. Lopez: None declared, W. Seifert Employee of: CSL Behring.
PO207-TUE
National Inhibitor Survey in Haemophilia Patients
(NISH) from India
Shetty S, Pinto P, Shelar T, Nawadkar V, Mirgal D, Mukaddam A
and Ghosh K
Haemostasis and Thrombosis, National Institute of
Immunohaematology, Mumbai, India
Background: The development of alloantibodies to clotting factors is a
serious complication in patients with bleeding disorders. The mechanism of inhibitor development is thought to be complex, but a timely
diagnosis can be life-saving.
Aims: The aims of this study were to diagnose Indian patients with
bleeding disorders, compare the inhibitor incidence in different
regions, create a national database with the patient information, and
analyse patient and treatment-related variables.
Methods: Citrated blood samples were collected at different centres in
India after informed consent. Patient details were recorded, coagulation and inhibitor assays were performed.
Results: Out of the 4783 samples analysed, 4704 had bleeding manifestations. 276/3884 (7.11%) were FVIII Inhibitor positive among the
Haemophilia A (HA) patients, and 276/3371 (8.19%) among the
severe HA patients, mostly high-responders. Inhibitor incidence varied from 3.26% to 11.94% in different regions. Six FIX Inhibitor positive patients were diagnosed i.e. 0.98% of 611 Haemophilia B (HB)
patients and 1.12% of 535 severe HB patients. Inhibitors were not
detected in those with other rare bleeding disorders. Indian haemophiliacs are mostly treated on-demand, and haemarthroses continues to
ABSTRACTS
be the most significant bleeding manifestation. Treatment products in
the patients varied from either factor concentrates or blood products
to a combination of both.
Conclusion: This study, the first national survey of its kind has resulted
in the initiation of maintaining a database with regard to patients
inhibitor status to aid in future reference.
PO208-TUE
Immunogenicity assessment of the first extended halflife factor VIII product, recombinant factor VIII Fc
fusion protein (rFVIIIFc), in humans
Jani D, Pennucci J, Goyal J, Dumont JA, Allen G, Pierce GF and
Sommer JM
Biogen Idec, Cambridge, USA
Background: The development of inhibitors (neutralizing antibodies)
to replacement factors remains a major complication in the treatment
of hemophilia A. Clinical development of rFVIIIFc included a comprehensive approach to test for the potential emergence of inhibitors
and non-neutralizing antibodies (NNA).
Aims: To determine the presence of pre-existing and de novo antibody
formation against rFVIIIFc in previously treated patients (PTPs) with
severe hemophilia A and to evaluate the longitudinal changes of NNA
titers in NNA-positive subjects during the course of rFVIIIFc therapy.
Methods: Two-hundred and thirty-three subjects in the A-LONG and
Kids-A-LONG phase 3 clinical trials were tested at 3-month intervals
for inhibitor development by a Nijmegen-modified Bethesda assay. The
incidence of rFVIIIFc binding antibodies was assessed by an electrochemiluminescent assay that conforms to current regulatory guidelines for detection of anti-drug antibodies (ADA). The ADA assay
included a screening step, confirmation (specificity) test, titer determination, and characterization for binding to rFVIIIFc, FVIII or Fc.
Results: No confirmed inhibitors were observed in any of the subjects.
Low titer rFVIII NNA were detected in 18 subjects, either pre-existing
(n = 12) or while on study (n = 6). All ADAs cross-reacted with fulllength rFVIII and none were specific for the rFVIIIFc fusion protein
or the Fc domain. Individual ADA titers fluctuated over the course of
the study; however, a statistically significant decline in the median
ADA titers to zero was observed in both A-LONG and Kids-ALONG after 4 to 5 months on rFVIIIFc therapy.
Conclusion: The clinical experience to date indicates that rFVIIIFc has
a favorable immunogenicity profile in PTPs. Non-neutralizing FVIII
binding antibodies were observed in approximately 8% of the study
population, somewhat lower that the reported incidence of NNAs for
current full length FVIII products. The substantial decline in titers
after several months on study was unexpected and warrants further
investigation.
PO209-TUE
A study of depression in family members of
hemophiliac patients
Kim MK1, Park J2, Kim TH3 and Lee S4
1
Pediatrics, Presbyterian Medical Center,University of Seonam
College of Medicine; 2Pediatrics, Presbyterian Medical Center;
3
Neuropsychiatry, Presbyterian Medical Center,University of
Seonam College of Medicine, Jeonju; 4Internal Medicine, Dague
Fatima Hospital, Daegu, Korea
Background: Family members of hemophiliac patients often experience
stress and burden.
583
Aims: This study was to determine the incidence of depression in families with hemophiliac patients and associated factors.
Methods: The survey respondents were the family members of 37
hemophiliac patients who visited our hospital between September 2013
and January 2014. The survey questionnaire included questions on the
general characteristics of the hemophiliac patients and the family
members, and the Beck depression inventory (BDI) scale for evaluating depression.
Results: The mean age of the family members of the patients was
41.2 years. The mother was the main caregiver for 16 patients
(43.2%). The percentages of patients with severe hemophilia (<1% factor VIII, IXactivity), hepatitis C virus infection, and joint disorders
were 67.6%, 13.5%, and 21.6%, respectively. The meanSD BDI
score of the family members of the patients was 6.7 7.1 points, and
29.7% of the family members of the patients were found to have a tendency toward depression (10 points). The higher the severity of
hemophilia in the patients, the higher the incidence of depression in
their families (P = 0.035).
Conclusion: About 30% of the families with hemophiliac patients were
found to have a tendency toward depression. The risk for depression
increased with the severity of hemophilia. Family members of hemophiliac patients often experience stress and burden. Therefore, there is
a need to mobilize social resources in order to share the burden of
these families and to provide continuous and comprehensive care for
family members.
PO210-TUE
Haemtrack: UK patient home therapy reporting system
Hollingsworth R1, Xiang H2, Dolan G3 and Hay C2
1
Medical Data Solutions and Services (MDSAS); 2UK National
Haemophilia Database, Manchester; 3Queens Medical Centre,
Nottingham, UK
Background: The UK Haemophilia Doctors Organisation and
National Haemophilia Database (NHD) have a fully integrated software strategy, an important component of which is Haemtrack. This is
a system for patients with bleeding disorders to record their home therapy.
Aims: Haemtrack was introduced to improve the timeliness and completeness of patient reported treatment records, for local and central
analysis in an electronic web-based format. The system was to be easy
to use, responsive and accessible to patients and medical/nursing staff
for review.
Methods: Our strategy includes:- development of Android and IPhone
Apps; introduction of product bar code scanning; validation and correction of data by Haemophilia Centres; automated reporting of key
alert situations; and review of data with patients in clinic. Haemtrack
interfaces with the UK Haemophilia Centre-based system (HCIS) and
NHD to eliminate duplication of data entry. Data points include:
treatment brand, dose and batch no., time/date of administration and
bleed onset, reason for drug administration (prophylaxis, bleed, etc.),
bleed site and severity, pain score and outcome.
Results: Haemtrack is universally adopted by Haemophilia Centres in
the UK. The 2400+ patients using the system have entered over
540,000 treatment entries at 15,000 entries per month. About 80% of
all UK patients with severe haemophilia A/B use Haemtrack. Clinicians are finding Haemtrack a powerful tool to interactively review
with patients to optimise treatment and improve treatment compliance. Centrally, NHD are analysing Haemtrack data to better understand current treatment trends and the relative efficacy and costeffectiveness of different regimens of prophylaxis.
Conclusion: The Haemtrack system has been extremely successful, considerably improving the compliance of patient home therapy reporting
and providing a useful tool for clinicians to optimise patient treatment.
584
ABSTRACTS
For the future, the data provided by Haemtrack will provide unique
insights into potential improvements in patient care.
PO211-TUE
Joint lavage followed by viscosuplementation and
triamcinolone in patients with severe hemophilic
arthropathy. Objective functional results
Pasqualin T1, Rezende MUD1, Andrusaitis FR1, Campos GCD1,
Frucchi R1, Pailo AF1, Okazaki E2 and Villaca PR2
1
Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Instituto De
Ortopedia E Traumatologia Hospital Das Clinicas
Universidade De S~ao Paulo; 2Department of Hematology,
Hospital das Clinicas Universidade de S~
ao Paulo, S~
ao Paulo,
Brazil
Background: Young patients sequelaed by multiple joint bleeds waiting
for the prosthetic treatment can improve function and balance of multiple joints with viscossuplementation enabling appropriate rehabilitation and the correct choice of surgical procedure of each joint.
Viscossuplementation results can be improved by previous joint lavage
and by adding triamcinolone.
Aims: To assess if joint lavage, viscosupplementation and triamcinolone improves force and balance in patients with severe hemophilic
arthropathy.
Methods: Fourteen patients with knees hemophilic arthritis with and
without involvement of other joints underwent joint lavage and subsequent injection of Hylan G-F20 and triamcinolone in all affected
joints. The patients were evaluated with Neurocom force and balance
platforms for the following tasks: Step up and over (STP); sit to stand
test (STS); one leg stance (UNI) and weight bearing squat (WBS) preoperatively, and at one and three, six and twelve months postoperatively.
Results: Sixteen knees, 15 ankles, 8 elbows and one shoulder were treated. Six patients had musculoskeletal bleeding [ankle (1), leg muscles
(2) and knee (4)] at 3 months affecting results. STP showed improved
lift up index for both right and left lower limbs in all moments (except
at 3 months) of evaluation (P = 0.03 and P = 0.02, respectively). STS
results showed that weight transfer mean (WT), rising index mean and
average distance of the center of gravity to the central axis also
improved significantly at 1, 6 and 12 months (P < 0.001, P = 0.002
and P = 0.001, respectively). One leg stance showed improved speed
with eyes opened or closed in most time points but were only significant for left and right (eyes closed) and left (eyes opened) (P = 0.02;
P < 0.001 and P = 0.001, respectively). WBS improved in all degrees
of flexion (0, P = 0.001; 30, P < 0.001; 60, P < 0.001 and 90,
P < 0.001).
Conclusion: Joint lavage followed by injection of triamcinolone and
Hylan G-F20 improves balance and force even in severe hemophilic
arthropathy.
PO212-TUE
Endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair in a
patient with mild hemophilia A on dabigatran for atrial
fibrillation
Delgado B1, Carvalho M1, Goncalves L1, Fernandes S1,
jo F1,3
Monteiro C1, Sousa J2, Rolim D2, Sampaio S2,3 and Arau
1
Department of Transfusion Medicine and Blood Bank, Centre of
Hemophilia; 2Department of Vascular Surgery, Centro Hospitalar
S~
ao Jo~
ao, EPE; 3Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto,
Portugal
Background: Improvement in the management of hemophilia led to a
significant increase in life expectancy of patients. Age-related diseases,
such as cardiovascular, have increased in this population. Evidence
and experience suggest that they should be treated in the same way as
the general population, choosing treatment options known to be associated with low rates of bleeding complications.
Aims: Report a case of endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm in a patient with mild hemophilia A on dabigatran for atrial
fibrillation.
Methods: A 78-years-old patient with mild hemophilia A (FVIII 8%)
and atrial fibrillation under oral anticoagulation with dabigatran
110 mg bid (CHA2DS2-VASc 4 and HAS-BLED 3). After clinical suspicion, abdominal-pelvic angiotomography showed an infrarenal
abdominal aortic aneurysm with 41 9 36 9 52 mm and an apparent
flap of the intima, suggesting not recent limited dissection, with vascular surgery criteria.
Results: On August 2014, the patient underwent an elective endovascular graft implantation after suspension of dabigatran. A bolus of
4.000 IU of FVIII concentrate (68 kg) was infused 1 h before procedure (FVIII 108%) and in postoperative period FVIII concentrate was
administered by bolus (3.000 IU 12/12 h) during 3 days and
2000 IU day1 (next 2 days), avoiding intensive treatment to prevent
inhibitors (on family history, he has a brother who developed inhibitors after a hernia surgery). There were no bleeding complications
related to surgery and dabigatran was introduced on day 8 after the
procedure. An angiotomography performed in October showed the
presence of an endoleak type II to be followed.
Conclusion: The new challenge for treatment is to provide optimal
health care for this aging population. Appropriate preoperative assessment and preparation, as well as a careful perioperative multidisciplinary team prevented bleeding and thrombotic complications in this
patient, opening the discussion of the use of direct oral anticoagulants
in this population.
PO213-TUE
Analysis of moderate phenotype of hemophilia A with
novel missense mutation, W2229R in C2 domain, of
which FVIII has no responsiveness with DDAVP
Suzuki T1, Shinozawa K2, Inaba H1, Seita I1, Muramatsu T1,
Amano K1,2 and Fukutake K1,2
1
Laboratory Medicine; 2Molecular Genetics of Coagulation
Disorders, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
Background: A male in his twenties had experienced an abnormal
bleeding after tooth extraction in the past. Screening test for his bleeding tendency was performed because of requisiteness for another tooth
extraction. A closer examination for prolonged APTT revealed moderate hemophilia A with 2.6% of FVIII:C. He has no family history of
bleeding tendency. DDAVP was chosen as a hemostatic agent for the
procedure and an infusion test was introduced. VWF:Ag and VWF:
RCo elevated from 78% to 166% and from 87% to 220%, respectively, whereas FVIII:C remained to 5.3% at 2 h after administering
ABSTRACTS
DDAVP (0.4 lg kg1). Recovery of rFVIII and pdFVIII/VWF products were 152% and 157%, respectively. T1/2 of rFVIII and pdFVIII/
VWF products were 8.0 and 5.8 h, respectively. His tooth extraction
was performed by administration of rFVIII product and finished without any difficulties.
Aims: To investigate a reason why FVIII did not respond with
DDAVP in moderate hemophilia A.
Methods: The binding abnormality between FVIII and VWF was
thought to be one of causes that DDAVP had no responsiveness. The
results from ELISA to clarify the FVIII-VWF binding ability showed
that VWF protein in the patients plasma bound to FVIII from rFVIII
product. F8 gene analysis was performed and revealed a novel missense mutation, W2229R (c.6742T>C, p.Trp2248Arg) in exon 25 was
identified.
Results: An amino acid, W2229 located in C2 domain of FVIII protein
is well known as the most critical and responsible for binding to VWF.
His FVIII:Ag measured by ELISA was 2.8% and his moderate severity might be due to an increased clearance of FVIII protein unbound
to VWF.
Conclusion: DDAVP is not always effective in moderate hemophilia A,
meanwhile FVIII products also does not indicate its hemostatic effect
in case of VWD type 2 N despite of the similar data shown in moderate to mild hemophilia A. Therefore, the efficacy of DDAVP should
be confirmed in their bleeding control beforehand.
Disclosure of Interest: T. Suzuki Grant/Research Support from: Novo
Nordisk, Consultant for: Pfizer, Baxter, Bayer, Paid Instructor at:
Bayer, Speaker Bureau of: Baxter, Bayer, Kyowa Medex, Sekisui
medical, K. Shinozawa Grant/Research Support from: Baxter, Paid
Instructor at: Bayer, Novo Nordisk, Speaker Bureau of: Baxter, Bayer, Pfizer, Novo Nordisk, H. Inaba Grant/Research Support from:
Baxter, Consultant for: Baxter, Paid Instructor at: Bayer, Speaker
Bureau of: Baxter, Bayer, Pfizer, I. Seita Speaker Bureau of: Pfizer,
T. Muramatsu Consultant for: Torii, Speaker Bureau of: MSD, K.
Amano Consultant for: Baxter, Bayer, Novo Nordisk, Paid Instructor at: Baxter, Bayer, Speaker Bureau of: Baxter, Bayer, Pfizer, Biogen Idec, Novo Nordisk, Kaketsken, K. Fukutake Grant/Research
Support from: Baxter, Bayer, Pfizer, Kaketssuken, Japan Blood
Products Organization, CSL behring, Novo Nordisk, Biogen Idec,
Consultant for: Baxter, Bayer, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, Biogen Idec,
CSL Behring, Kaketsuken, SRL, LSI Medicine, Paid Instructor at:
Baxter, Bayer, Speaker Bureau of: Baxter, Bayer, Pfizer, Biogen
Idec, Novo Nordisk, CSL Behring, Roche Diagnostics, Fujirebio
Inc, Sekisui.
PO214-TUE
Russian national registry of inhibitor hemophilia
patients: first cut-off analysis
Zozulya N1, Andreeva T2, Vdovin V3, Perina F4 and
Parovichnicova E1
1
Haematological Scientific Research Centre of Ministry of Health,
Moscow; 2City Center for Hemophilia Treatment, St. Petersburg;
3
Morozov Children City Hospital, Moscow; 4Regional children
hospital 1, Yekaterinburg, Russia
Background: The number of inhibitor hemophilia patients in Russia is
presently estimated 250. Due to lack of data on clinical course of disease, treatment approaches and outcomes, National Hematology Society has initiated continuously running national Registry of INhibitor
Hemophilia patients (RING).
Aims: To register clinical course of disease, treatment efficacy parameters and remote outcomes in inhibitor hemophilia A and B patients in
routine clinical practice.
Methods: Data collected by physicians includes demographics, hemophilia type and severity, inhibitor titer, annual bleeding rate (ABR),
comorbidities, target joints, surgeries, viral infection presence, inhibi 2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997
585
tor therapy, clinical safety. Data is entered into e-database using online access secured by the Operator.
Results: In total 151 patients from 34 regions were included in the Registry by January 2015. Severe hemophilia is diagnosed in 90% of
patients, moderate 7%, mild 3%. Age of inhibitors diagnosis:
10 years 45%, 1120 years 21%, 2150 years 20%, 51 years
6% of patients. In 35% of patients ABR was 16, in 38% 615, in
23% 25, and 4% 1. Life threatening bleedings were registered in
22 patients (15%). Treatment with bypassing agents is administered in
132 (87%) patients; 11 (7%) patients undergo ITI; 9 (6%) on FVIII
concentrates treatment. Bypassing agents therapy includes recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) on-demand treatment 55%, rFVIIa prophylaxis 29%, rFVIIa and activated prothrombin complex
concentrates (aPCC) on-demand 7%, aPCC prophylaxis 7%,
aPCC on-demand 5% of patients. Among patients on rFVIIa ondemand treatment 23 (18%) need >3 injections to stop a bleeding episode. They are identified as non-responders requiring switching to
aPCC.
Conclusion: The share of non-responders to rFVIIa on-demand treatment is 18%. Collected data will contribute to improvement of patents care and healthcare budget optimization.
PO215-TUE
Septic arthritis in hemophilic target joints a not
uncommon complication awareness is the main
diagnostic feature
Staritz P, Zimmermann R and Huth-Kuehne A
Internal Medicine, Hemophilia Care Center, Heidelberg,
Germany
Background: Septic arthritis in persons with hemophilia (PWH) is
described as a rare complication with often delayed diagnosis.
Aims: To alert to a rare but important complication.
Methods: Case reports.
Results: Over the last 10 years, in our center, six PWH, median age
48 year (1657y, 3/6 HIV positive but only 1 with impaired immunity)
presented with symptoms mimicking hemarthroses but not responding
to clotting factor replacement adequately despite home treatment for
up to 1 week and in 2 cases even signs of additional joint bleedings, 5/
6 had fever. Two patients had on demand treatment, two low dose
prophylaxis (~15 IE kg1 23 times week1) and two regular prophylaxis but poor adherence. Septic complications related to joint replacement are not included.
The correct diagnosis was made within 3 h after admission in all cases
by combination of clinical signs and laboratory findings of highly elevated CRP and leukocytosis.
All patients underwent surgical joint lavage. Microbiological sampling
before starting empiric antibiotic treatment revealed Staph. aureus
(n = 2), E. coli (n = 2), Streptococcus and Acinetobacter.
Three patients developed renal and liver failure. No patient died. 4/6
patients developed severe functional joint impairments.
Conclusion: At least 5/6 of these cases of septic mono or oligo arthritis
must have occurred hematogeneously due to bacteremia by joint
bleeding or microbleedings. Better prophylaxis might have been able
to avoid those bleedings and therefore prevent septic arthritis.
The 2 cases of Staph. aureus might be related to insufficient desinfecion in home treatment. Better hygienic training may resolve this issue.
For early diagnosis of septic arthritis in PWH, it is essential to be
aware of this complication in all cases of hemarthros not responding
adequately to clotting factor replacement. Laboratory testing of
inflammation parameters may lead to early diagnosis of septic arthritis. Any delay in diagnosis and treatment can lead to septic complications including multiorgan failure and high mortality.
586
ABSTRACTS
PO216-TUE
Managing modern major orthopaedic surgery with
plasma derived FVIII concentrate (FANHDI) in severe
haemophilia A patients with advanced arthropathy
Luo P-L1, Austin S2, Pink R3 and Rangarajan S4
1
Department of Haematology, St Georges Medical School;
2
Haematology, Guys and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust,
London; 3Haemophilia Research Centre, Hampshire NHS Trust,
Hampshire; 4Haematology, Hampshire NHS Foundation Trust,
London, UK
Background: The routine use of plasma derived Factor VIII concentrate (Fanhdi) in the UK has declined since 2003 following the introduction of recombinant FVIII (rFVIII) products. Nevertheless, some
patients continue to use pdFVIII products due to medical indications
or patient choice. This includes using pdFVIII to maintain haemostasis during surgical intervention. Whilst pdFVIII is often not a first-line
option, the modern management of Patients with Haemophilia (PWH)
should not limit pdFVIII usage to rescue ITI, but pdFVIII should
remain an option in all settings of replacement therapy in selected
groups. We describe our experience of haemostatic control in major
surgery with Fanhdi.
Aims: To assess the efficacy and safety of Fanhdi in PWH undergoing
major orthopaedic surgery.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of all patients treated with Fanhdi
from 20032013 in St Thomass Hospital, undergoing major orthopaedic surgery.
Results: Twenty-six major orthopaedic procedures (10 knee replacements, 2 hip replacements, 5 ankle surgeries and 9 joint arthroscopies)
were carried out on 21 patients (14 severe). The majority of procedures
were covered with a FVIII infusion during the initial operative period,
with conversion to bolus dosing after. The median dose (IQR) for knee
replacements, hip replacements, ankle surgeries and joint arthroscopies were 586 iu kg1 (4201010), 403 u kg1 (303-N/A), 266 iu kg1
(210342) and 220 iu kg1 (94277) respectively. Prior to the study,
eight patients were infected with HCV and 4 were co-infected with
HIV. There were no peri operative complications attributable to poor
haemostasis although, as expected infection was observed in some
cases. Chemical thromboprophylaxis was not used and there were no
thromboembolic complications. Furthermore, none of the patients
developed FVIII inhibitors in the perioperative period.
Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that Fanhdi remains an option
in modern major orthopaedic surgery being well tolerated, efficacious
and safe during major orthopaedic surgery.
Disclosure of Interest: P.-L. Luo Grant/Research Support from: Grifols, S. Austin Grant/Research Support from: Grifols, Speaker Bureau
of: Grifols, R. Pink: None declared, S. Rangarajan Grant/Research
Support from: Grifols, Speaker Bureau of: Grifols.
PO217-TUE
Thromboelastogram for intra-operative monitoring of
hemophilia patients during coronary artery bypass
graft surgery
Misgav M1, Kenet G1, Mandelbaum T2, Kassif Y3, Fruchtman Y4
and Tamarin I1
1
Haemophilia & Thrombosis; 2Anesthesiology; 3Cardiovascular
Sugery, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan; 4Pediatric Emergency
Medicine, Soroka Medical Center, Bersheva, Israel
Background: Coronary artery by-pass grafting surgery (CABG) in
hemophilia patients is a challenging task in particular during the intraoperative period. Monitor FVIII activity in the presence of heparin is
impractical while the standard activated clotting time assay (ACT)
would be inaccurate in case of low level FVIII. Thromboelastography
(TEG) is a useful tool to detect coagulopathies and was reported to be

even better than ACT.
Aims: To explore the feasibility of applying TEG to monitor hemostasis and guide treatment during CABG particularly at the crucial phase
of heparin titration.
Methods: Conventional ACT and Thrombelastograph (TEG 5000TM)
were measured simultaneously. TEG was applied using Kaolin and
heparinase based cups and the following parameters were recorded (R,
a angle, MA). Measurements were done after the first bolus of FVIII
concentrate, after heparin administration (on-pump) and after the
first dose of protamine.
Results: Three patients with baseline FVIII 18% were operated in our
center. After the first bolus of FVIII both ACT and TEG recording
were normal. During heparinization (On-pump) both ACT and
TEG-R were significantly prolonged (ACT- 820s, R- 15.8). Following
the first dose of protamine (80% of calculated) TEG-R was still longer
than normal while the ACT has dropped back to baseline. At the same
time TEG heparinase has yield prolonged R suggesting low level
FVIII activity rather than excess of heparin. Thuse, a second bolus of
FVIII and not protamine was administrated which resulted in complete normalization of all TEG parameters. At post-hoc analysis we
measured FVIII activity after the first dose of protamine to be only
32%.
Conclusion: The use of TEG enables goal-directed therapy with regard
to FVIII, heparin and protamine administration. Adopting such an
approach may result in a better outcome for patients with hemophilia
going CABG surgery.
PO218-TUE
Factors influencing risk of bleeding after dental
extraction in hemophilia patients
Miljic P1, Bodrozic J1, Elezovic I1, Jurisic M2, Brkovic B2, Antic D1,
Lekovic D1 and Mitrovic M1
1
Clinic of Hematology, Clinical Center of Serbia; 2Clinic of Oral
Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia
Background: Little is known about factors influencing bleeding risk
after dental extraction in hemophilia patients (PWH).
Aims: To investigate influence of factors related to patients characteristics and factors related to therapeutic regimen on occurrence of
bleeding after tooth extraction in PWH.
Methods: Retrospective analysis of 108 episodes of tooth extractions
with total 238 teeth extracted in 56 PWH in period from July 2004
until July 2014 in a single centre. Out of 108 procedures, 83 (77%)
were performed in hemophilia A, and 25 (23%) in hemophilia B
patients. In all patients appropriate factor concentrate or DDAVP
were administered immediately before extraction providing peak level
above 0.4 U mL1. Drug was administered as a single dose in 60% of
extractions, while in 40% of extractions the second dose was administered 24 h later, at the discretion of treating physician. Oral antifibrinolytics were used in 92 episodes (85%). Every bleeding from
extraction wound demanding additional dose of factor concentrate or
DDAVP was considered as abnormal.
Results: Out of 108 episodes of tooth extraction abnormal bleeding
was observed in 14 (13%). In multivariate logistic regression analysis,
not use of antifibrinolytics was highly associated with increased risk of
bleeding after extraction (OR = 22.4 CI 5.985.2). Interestingly, there
was a trend to higher risk in younger patients but this factor did not
reach statistical significance. Level of missing factor above
0.4 U mL1 at the time of extraction did not influence the risk. Similarly, the severity of hemophilia, bleeding phenotype, single or
repeated regimen of drug administration, decreased platelet count,
HCV or HIV status and numbers of teeth extracted in a single episode
were not associated with risk of bleeding.
ABSTRACTS
Conclusion: Except surgical risk, in patients with peak factor level
above 0.4 U mL1 at the time of dental extraction, not use of antifibrinolytics represents most important risk factor for occurrence of bleeding complications.
PO219-TUE
Factors influencing the outcome of immune tolerance
induction in patients with haemophilia A and
inhibitors
Marquardt N1, Bailer B1,2, Goldmann G1, Horneff S1, Pavlova A1,
Brackmann H-H1 and Oldenburg J1
1
Institute for Experimental Haematology and Transfusion
r Allgemeine
Medicine, University Clinic Bonn, Bonn; 2Klinik fu
Innere Medizin, Gastroenterologie und Tumormedizin,
Kreiskliniken Esslingen, Esslingen, Germany
Background: Development of inhibitory antibodies to infused factor
VIII (FVIII) is a serious treatment complication in previously untreated
patients (PUP) with haemophilia A. Immune tolerance induction (ITI)
is reported to be successful in about 6080% of patients.
Aims: We aimed to identify parameters influencing ITI success, failure
and duration in our patient cohort.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective study in haemophilia A PUPs
with inhibitors who underwent a high dose (HD) (n = 92) or a low
dose (LD) (n = 27) ITI protocol at the Bonn Haemophilia Care Center
between 1974 and 2008. Information on inhibitor titers, pharmacokinetic data of FVIII, clotting factor usage and intercurrent bleeding
were identified in our electronic patient database. Information related
to hospitalizations and use of central venous devices were extracted
from medical records. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS
Statistics.
Results: Data from 118 haemophilia A patients with inhibitors were
available for further analysis. Seventy-five patients had high- and 43
patients had low-titer inhibitors. All 43 patients (100%) with low-titer
inhibitors achieved ITI success either with the HD (n = 23) or with the
LD (n = 20) ITI protocol. From 66 patients with high-titer inhibitors
49 (74.2%) achieved ITI success and 17 (25.7%) patients were ITI failures. Mean duration of all successful ITI was 788 days in high-titer
inhibitor patients with regular ITI protocol (n = 37) and 511 days in
low-titer inhibitor patients. Occurrence of 1 severe bleeding episodes
during ITI had a negative influence on ITI success (P = 0.00612) in
patients with high-titer inhibitors. Presence of a central venous device
and hospitalizations had a negative influence on ITI duration
(P = 0.011 respectively P = 0.0015) but not on ITI success.
Conclusion: Numbers of bleeding episodes and hospitalizations had a
negative influence on ITI success and/or duration. Larger, prospective
studies are needed to identify relevant predictors of ITI success and
failure.
PO220-TUE
Individualised treatment in haemophilia A variability
in factor VIII activity measurement for pharmacokinetic
dosing
Needham J, Lewis H, McIndoe N, Mangles S and Rangarajan S
Haemophilia Haemostasis and Thrombosis, North Hampshire
Hospital Nhs Foundation Trust, Basingstoke, UK
Background: Clinical practice in most Haemophilia Centres is to use
standard prophylactic regimens for patients based on weight and to
adjust the dose dependent on break through bleeds. Across medicine
587
there is a move towards individualised therapy. Prophylaxis dosing

based on individual pharmacokinetics may reduce bleeds, tissue and
joint damage in Haemophilia A.
Aims: To evaluate the variability of factor VIII (FVIIIC) activity measurement based on one-stage FVIIIC and chromogenic FVIIIC assays
for individual patients to investigate the feasibility of routine pharmacokinetic (PK) dosing in clinical practice.
Methods: Plasma from severe Haemophilia A patients on prophylaxis
collected for PK studies, at 0 and 3 months was assayed for FVIIIC.
FVIIIC activity assays were performed on Destiny Max coagulation
analyser (StagoUK). Factor assays were performed using TriniCLOT
aPTT reagent, Technoclone chromogenic assay and deficient plasma
and TriniCHECK reference plasma and controls.
Results: There was no statistically significant difference in FVIIIC PK
recovery measurements for individual patients (P = 0.977) between 0
and 3 months (each patient treated with their normal prophylaxis dose
during this period). There was no statistically significant difference in
the calculated FVIIIC half-life between 0 and 3 months for individual
patients (P = 0.713). If was observed that half-life for Helixate FS<
Fandhi < ReFacto AF.
Conclusion: Study has shown good correlation and recovery with associated prophylaxis dose of FVIII replacement therapy for individual
patient FVIIIC activity measurements over time. This provides evidence that quality assured, consistent, reproducible measurement of
FVIIIC could support PK dosing models in clinical practice.
Disclosure of Interest: J. Needham Grant/Research Support from:
Award Pfizer Competitive Grant Programme, H. Lewis Grant/
Research Support from: Award Pfizer Competitive Grant Programme,
N. McIndoe Grant/Research Support from: Award Pfizer Competitive
Grant Programme, S. Mangles Grant/Research Support from: Award
Pfizer Competitive Grant Programme, S. Rangarajan Grant/Research
Support from: Award Pfizer Competitive Grant Programme.
PO221-TUE
Cyclophosphamide efficacy and toxicities in the first
line treatment of acquired hemophilia
Chapin J, Rutherford S and DeSancho M
Hematology-Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New
York, NY, USA
Background: Acquired hemophilia (AH) is a rare bleeding disorder.
Patients develop an inhibitor against factor VIII (F8) and experience
bleeding symptoms. The two goals of treatment are to control bleeding
symptoms and to eradicate the inhibitor. Current recommendations
suggest that cyclophosphamide (CYP) and steroids should be the firstline treatment of AH. We sought to describe our experience with this
strategy.
Aims: To describe a single center experience with CYP and its toxicities
in the treatment of AH.
Methods: Charts from patients presenting to a tertiary referral center
from 2013 to 2014 were reviewed. Data was collected on age, comorbidities, symptoms, F8 activity, and inhibitor titers (Bethesda Units;
BU). Goals of immunosuppression treatment were a BU titer <1,
F8 > 50%, and resolution of bleeding symptoms.
Results: 6 patients were identified with AH, with median age = 78.5,
range = 5194; median BU titer = 57.5, range 3.1691. 5/6 had F8
activity<1%. Four patients presented with muscular hematomas, 1
with bruising, and 1 with an intestinal bleed. 5/6 patients were treated
with CYP at a median dose of 1.94 mg kg1 (range 1.42.6 mg kg1)
along with prednisone (1 mg kg1). One patient received rituximab
followed by CYP. 5/6 patients received FEIBA for bleeding control.
The median time to a F8 > 50% was 38.5 days (range 1987) and the
median time to a BU titer <1 was 51.5 days (range 1992 days). 4/6
patients developed neutropenia (n = 3) or lymphopenia (n = 1). The
median time to cytopenias was 48.5 days (range 4350 days). Two
588
ABSTRACTS
patients with neutropenia presented to the ED with fevers and

required GCSF.
Conclusion: CYP with steroids resulted in remission of AH in the
majority (4/6) of patients. F8 recovery occurred within 2 weeks, inhibitor eradication took twice as long and usually disappeared when cytopenias occurred. This small report underscores the need for caution
with CYP. Given the risk of immunosuppression in this older population, other first-line therapies should be explored in larger trials.
Disclosure of Interest: J. Chapin Consultant for: Baxter Pharmaceuticals, S. Rutherford: None declared, M. DeSancho: None declared.
PO222-TUE
Two year use of shared guidelines and a dedicated web
site to improve management of inherited bleeding
disorders in the emergency department
Tagliaferri A1, Di Perna C1, Rivolta GF1, Biasoli C2, Quintavalle G1,
Benedettini L2, Cervellin G3 and Pattacini C1
1
Regional Reference Centre for Inherited Bleeding Disorders,
University Hospital, Parma; 2Haemophilia Centre, Bufalini
Hospital, Cesena; 3Emergency Department, University Hospital,
Parma, Italy
Background: Treatment of patients with inherited bleeding disorders
(PWIBD) in the emergency department (ED) is a challenge because
bleeds can be underestimated and their management not well known
by ED physicians.
Aims: In 2010 a project was started involving all 8 haemophilia centres
(HC) and all 44 EDs of the Region of Emilia-Romagna in north Italy
to find a solution.
Methods: The project is based on guidelines for emergency treatment,
education for ED staff and a dedicated web-site supporting treatment
decisions and sharing data with patients electronic clinical records.
Results: The guidelines for managing PWIBD were produced and
shared by HC and ED and published on web-site www.emofiliarer.it in
February 2011. A web algorithm suggests the first dose of concentrates
for each type and severity of bleed or trauma also tailored for PWIBD
with an USB-key connected with their web-clinical record.
After training courses in each ED, the network has been active since
June 2011. During 2012 and 2013 the site was visited 14,000 times, the
EDs accessed the web-site 1739 times and used the algorithms 206
times (mostly for joint, muscle and mucosal bleeds). Most PWIBD
treated in ED had haemophilia A (61%) followed by von Willebrand
disease (21%).
We evaluated also the PWIBD management in two sample EDs: most
PWIBD were male (74%) with median age of 31 years; 75% of ED
access was for bleed or trauma; the time of triage-assessment and triage-treatment was reduced in 2013 vs. 2012 (27/20 and 122/90 min
respectively). There was also an increase of HC medical advice in ED
in 2013 vs. 2012 (54% vs. 24% cases).
Conclusion: This is the first example of a network, involving HC and
ED, for managing bleeding emergencies in PWIBD with support of a
web-based software. The main advantages of this system are better
management of patients in ED (shorter time from triage to treatment)
and improved collaboration between HC and ED. The most critical
point is staff turnover in ED, with need of continual training.
PO223-TUE
Evidence of APCC mode of action in a clinical study
treating hemophilia A inhibitor patients with
prophylaxis therapy
Varadi K1, Tangada S2, Schrenk G1, Doralt J1, Ewenstein B2 and
Turecek P1
1
Baxter Innovations GmbH, Vienna, Austria; 2Baxter Healthcare,
Westlake Village, USA
Background: Hemophilia patients with inhibitors are treated either
with activated prothrombin complex concentrates (APCC/FEIBA) or
with activated recombinant factor VII (rFVIIa). It has been postulated
that their modes of action are based on the induction of thrombin generation via complex interaction with endogenous clotting factors and
platelets. Investigation of the roles of APCC protein components in vitro demonstrated that although prothrombin (FII) and factor Xa play
key roles, other pro-and anticoagulant components are required for
optimal and balanced thrombin generation.
Aims: A confirmation of the postulated mode of action of APCC,
based on in vitro experiments, through measurement of thrombin generation assay (TGA) parameters and hemostatic factor component levels in patients.
Methods: The efficacy and safety of APCC prophylaxis compared to
on-demand treatment were recently evaluated in a phase three prospective, open-label, randomized, parallel clinical study in hemophilia
A patients with high titer inhibitors. Thrombin generation parameters
and hemostasis factors were measured multiple times during the 12month study. The study results were compared with in vitro findings to
provide a biochemical explanation for the prophylactic efficacy of
APCC.
Results: TGA showed significantly higher peak thrombin
(P = 0.0467), area under the curve (P = 0.0228) and significantly elevated factors II (P < 0.0001), X (P < 0.0001), IX (P = 0.0275), VIIa
(P = 0.0265) and protein C (P = 0.0076) levels were noted in the prophylaxis cohort as compared to the on-demand cohort during months
3 to 12 of APCC therapy.
Conclusion: These results support in vitro findings. Increased levels of
pro- and anticoagulant factors were observed in patients receiving regular APCC infusion enabling the hemostatic system to respond swiftly
to minor trauma and to reduce and prevent bleeds. Indeed, the bleed
rate in the prophylaxis cohort was significantly lower (P = 0.0003)
compared to the on-demand cohort.
Disclosure of Interest: K. Varadi Employee of: Baxter Innovations
GmbH, S. Tangada Shareholder of: Baxter BioScience, Employee of:
Baxter Healthcare, G. Schrenk Shareholder of: Baxter BioScience,
Employee of: Baxter Innovations GmbH, J. Doralt Employee of: Baxter Innovations GmbH, B. Ewenstein Shareholder of: Baxter BioScience, Employee of: Baxter Healthcare, P. Turecek Shareholder of:
Baxter BioScience, Employee of: Baxter Innovations AG.
PO224-TUE
A case of moderate hemophilia a with p.R1800H
mutation complicated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Shida Y, Kondo Y, Ishikawa T, Yada K, Takeyama M, Nogami K
and Shima M
Background: Hemophilia A with the p.R1800H mutation are clinically
heterogeneous, varying from mild to severe phenotype. Thirty-two
patients have been reported according to the Factor VIII(FVIII) variant database and only two of the severe cases developed inhibitor. We
have experienced a moderate case with inhibitor complicated with
juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).
ABSTRACTS
Aims: Patients profile A three-year old boy had an impaired
extension of his right knee suddenly at the time of awakening. JIA and
infectious arthritis were suspected. After 5 months, the prolonged
APTT (59.6 s) was found at the preoperative assessment of the diagnostic arthroscopy and referred to our hospital.
Methods: He was diagnosed as a moderate hemophilia A (FVIII:C
3.8 IU dL1). Genetic analysis demonstrated p.R1800H in the FVIII
molecule. Since the joint symptom occurred rapidly without any
injury, it was considered atypical as a hemophilic intra-articular bleeding. To improve the impaired joint movement and make the diagnosis,
synovial membrane resection was performed. The joint fluid was clear
and blood was not found. The pathology of synovial membrane demonstrated the hyperplasia of the synovium cell, invasion of plasma cells
and no deposition of hemosiderin, confirming JIA. Steroid was
injected intra-articularly.
Results: The movement of right knee joint was remarkably improved
after the surgical intervention. After 30 exposures of recombinant
FVIII, the inhibitor development (1.2 BU mL1) was observed and
FVIII:C was mildly decreased (1.8 IU dL1). After 2 months, the
swelling of right knee joint due to the injury was observed. FVIII was
administrated for the purpose of both hemostasis and immune tolerance induction therapy. The joint symptom improved and the inhibitor
disappeared.
Conclusion: We experienced a case of moderate hemophilia A with
p.R1800H complicated with JIA. The danger signal caused by tissue
damage by the surgery in addition to the JIA-related impaired immune
system might be the risk factors of the inhibitor.
PO225-TUE
Long term follow-up in the use of different types of
central venous catheters in children with hemophilia
on prophylaxis or immune-tolerance regimen
Milan M1, Mognato G2, Gamba P2, Ranzato B2 and Zanon E1
1
Department of Internal Medicine, Haemophilia Centre;
2
Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Surgery, Padua, Italy
Background: Among hemophiliac children, sometimes peripheral
venous access may not be able to support regular treatment; therefore
an alternative way of administering concentrates is required, such as
central venous catheters (CVCs). CVCs can be externally tunneled
(like Broviac) or completely implantable (like Port).
Aims: Aim of the study is to compare the two devices in terms of complications during the long-term follow-up.
Methods: Hemophiliac children who underwent implantation of CVC
from 2005 to 2014 at the Hemophilia Center of Padua were retrospectively evaluated for collecting information according to the two types
of CVCs, patients characteristics and complications during follow-up.
Results: Twenty-two CVCs were implanted in 12 children, among
which 12 were Broviac and 10 Port. The median number of CVCs
implanted per patient was 1.5 (range 13) for Broviac and 1 (12) for
Port. Six patients required one CVC (4 Port and 2 Broviac), while the
other six patients needed two or more. Mean age for implantation and
medium time of observation were not statistically different in the two
groups. When using Broviac, we had a total of 1.43 complications in
1000 CVC days and 0.83 complications/1000 led to the removal of the
device (6 dislocation, 1 infection); the use of Port caused a total of 0.93
complications/1000 CVC and 0.55/1000 resulted in the removal of the
device (2 infection,1 hematoma into the pocket). Complications handled conservatively were 4 external ruptures for Broviac, one infection
for Port and one occlusion in both groups. No significant statistical
differences were observed between the two types of CVCs considering
the total of complications. Mechanical complications were more frequently related to Broviac (P < 0.001).
589
Conclusion: CVC is an indispensable tool for hemophilia treatment

though adverse events are not rare. The choice between the two types
of CVCs should be based on careful analysis of the reasons for using
CVC, age of child, preferences and ability to manage the device by the
family.
PO226-TUE
Successful multi-vessel percutaneous coronary
intervention for acute coronary syndrome in a severe
Taiwanese hemophiliac with HIV infection under
HARRT: the first reported case in Chinese population
Chang C-Y1,2,3, Huang C-Y3,4, Tsai C-H3,5, Shen M-C6, Chen YC7, Tsai J-R3,8, Yeh G-C3,9 and Liu Y-L1,3
1
Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Taipei Medical
University Hospital; 2School of Medicine, Graduate Institute of
Clinical Medicine, Taipei Medical University; 3Hemophilia
Center; 4Department of Cardiology, Taipei Medical University
Hospital; 5Department of Hematology/Oncology, Cheng Hsin
General Hospital; 6Department of Hematology/Oncology,
Changhua Christian Hospital; 7Department of Hematology/
Oncology, Tri-Service General Hospital; 8Department of
Hematology/Oncology; 9Department of Pediatrics, Taipei
Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
Background: Most of the limited studies on acute coronary syndrome
(ACS) of patients with hemophilia (PWH) came from the West countries, and experience originated from Asian is few.
Aims: We report the first case of Taiwanese PWH with ACS, receiving
successful multi-vessel percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with
bare metal stents (BMS).
Methods: A 56-year-old Taiwanese with severe-type hemophilia A had
his past history of his hypertension, NIDDM, hemophilic arthropathy
of his knees and ankles, and renal stones. He had HIV infection under
HARRT and smoked 20 cigarettes day1 for 30 years.
Results: Angina happened to him in the early 2012, and he was advised
of taking Aspirin 100 mg daily. Since July 2013, angina and dyspnea
had sometimes occurred. Thallium 201 myocardial perfusion scan
revealed severe myocardial ischemia with transient ischemic dilatation
sign. However, he had been refusing treatment, except Aspirin-taking.
He finally received PCI via right radial artery access due to terrible
angina on 25 December, 2014. Before PCI, a loading dose of 8000 IU
heparin with Clopidogrel 300 mg and Aspirin 300 mg was prescribed;
Meanwhile, the FVIII trough level was kept 80% for the following
48 h. Totally BMS were deployed over the middle and distal segment
of left circumflex coronary artery, the ostium of left anterior descending artery, the posterior-lateral branch and proximal segment of right
coronary artery. After PCI, Clopidogrel 75 mg with Aspirin 100 mg
once daily for 2 months were planned, with keeping the FVIII trough
level 20%. No complication was found. However, gross hematuria
once and intramuscular hemorrhage once happened during dual antiplatelet therapy, and no more bleeding episode occurred after adjusting FVIII trough level to 25%.
Conclusion: Under the support of FVIII replacement, PWH could tolerate peri-PCI procedures and medications safely. FVIII trough level
might need to be adjusted during dual antiplatelet therapy if the
patient has extra underlying predisposing factors for bleeding.
590
ABSTRACTS
PO227-TUE
Relationship between quality of life and coagulation
factor level in hemophilia carriers: preliminary results
Young J1, Grabell J2, Rydz N3, Hopman W2, Good D4,
Mahlangu J5 and James P2
1
Pathology & Molecular Medicine, Queens University; 2Kingston
General Hospital, Kingston; 3Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary;
4
Queens University, Kingston, Canada; 5Johannesburg Hospital,
Johannesburg, South Africa
Background: Hemophilia A and B are X-linked deficiencies of Factor
VIII (FVIII) and IX (FIX) respectively. Males are affected, while
females are carriers of the disease. Recently, it has become clear that
more than a third of hemophilia carriers (HC) are symptomatic. Carriers may experience prolonged bleeding postpartum, following trauma
and surgery as well as menorrhagia. To date, this is the first research
to incorporate both a bleeding assessment tool, to assist in objectively
quantifying severity of bleeding symptoms, as well as a validated quality of life questionnaire to facilitate an understanding of the relationship between symptoms and QoL.
Aims: Therefore, the objective for this study is to measure quality of
life (QoL) of HC and investigate its relationship to bleeding severity
and coagulation factor level FVIII/FIX (FL).
Methods: This is a multi-centre, prospective observational study. Eligible subjects are female carriers of Hemophilia A or B, >18 years
of age. Subjects are excluded if they have another potential cause of
bleeding. A blood sample was obtained for coagulation factor testing and FVIII or FIX genotyping. Subjects completed the SF-36v2
quality of life questionnaire to measure QoL, and a Self- administered bleeding assessment tool (Self-BAT) to measure bleeding
severity.
Results: To date, 28 HC have been enrolled (20 Hemophilia A, 8
Hemophilia B) with mean age 41 years (range 2164), mean FL 0.56
(0.151.24), mean BS 9 (028). Preliminary analysis shows a significant
positive correlation between QoL and FL (r = 0.411, P = 0.030) and a
significant negative correlation between QoL and BS (r = 0.466,
P = 0.013).
Conclusion: In summary, these data suggests that the QoL of hemophilia carriers is significantly associated with FL and corresponding
severity of bleeding symptoms.
Disclosure of Interest: J. Young: None declared, J. Grabell: None
declared, N. Rydz: None declared, W. Hopman: None declared, D.
Good: None declared, J. Mahlangu Grant/Research Support from:
Bayer, Biogen Idec, CSL Berhing, Novo Nordisk, and Inspiration Biopharmaceuticals, Consultant for: Amgen, Bayer, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer
and Roche, P. James Grant/Research Support from: CSL Behring, Bayer, Octapharma, Consultant for: CSL Behring, Octapharma.
PO228-TUE
Does quality of treatment influence global hemostasis
irrespectively of FVIII levels in patients with
hemophilia A?
m M3, Mahmoud Hourani
Berndtsson M1, Zetterberg E2, Holmstro
Soutari N1, Mikovic D4, Elezovic I5 and Antovic J6
1
Department for Clinical Chemistry, Karolinska University
Hospital, Stockholm; 2Department of Translational Medicine,
; 3Coagulation Unit, Haematology
Lund University, Malmo
Centre, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden;
4
Haemostasis Department and Haemophilia Centre, Blood
Transfusion Institute of Serbia; 5Clinical Centre of Serbia &
Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia;
6
Institute for Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Department of
Clinical Chemistry, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University
Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
Background: Patients with severe hemophilia A (hA) on prophylaxis
have better joint status than patients treated on-demand. In Sweden,
also patients with mild/moderate hA get adequate factor replacement
treatment in contrast to many other countries. Although it is generally
accepted that both global hemostasis (GH) and clinical status depend
primarily on FVIII level, some discrepancies has been observed.
Aims: To study GH in hA patients with different access to FVIII concentrate in Sweden and Serbia.
Methods: GH was examined in 19 hA patients treated in Sweden
(severely affected on prophylaxis) and 19 patients matched by disease
severity treated in Serbia (severely affected treated on-demand, others
less adequately treated). Thirteen patients from each group were
matched according to their FVIII level and evaluated separately.
The study was approved by local medical ethics committees.
Thrombin generation was determined using the chromogenic ETP and
the fluorogenic CAT assays. OHP and fibrin network porosity were
examined using previously described in-house methods.
Results: The groups of patients matched according to FVIII level had
similar FVIII results; Swedish median 0.06 kIE L1, SD 0.1; Serbian
median 0.062 kIE L1, SD 0.085.
Swedish patients had higher OHP (P < 0.0001) and ETP (P = 0.03)
compared to Serbian patients. After matching for FVIII level, OHP
differed, although insignificantly between the groups (P = 0.1), while
ETP was similar.
Clot permeability was higher in Serbian patients compared to patients
from Sweden (P = 0.02). This difference was borderline statistically
significant in patients matched according to FVIII level (P = 0.06).
Conclusion: Our results suggest that quality of the treatment may contribute to global hemostatic capacity in patients with hA.
It seems that the generation of fibrin and the quality of fibrin structure
is less dependent on FVIII levels compared to thrombin generation.
To understand the potential underlying mechanisms, more patients
matched for FVIII levels need to be included in future studies.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Berndtsson: None declared, E. Zetterberg
Grant/Research Support from: Pfizer, M. Holmstr
om: None declared,
N. Mahmoud Hourani Soutari: None declared, D. Mikovic: None
declared, I. Elezovic: None declared, J. Antovic Grant/Research Support from: Baxter Healthcare Corporation, Speaker Bureau of: Baxter
Healthcare Corporation, NovoNordisk, Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics, Stago.
ABSTRACTS
PO229-TUE
Observational Immune Tolerance Induction Research
Program (OBSITI) a multifaceted approach to explore
immune tolerance induction
Ettingshausen CE1, Berntorp E2, Dargaud Y3, Gutowski Z1,
egrier C3, Oldenburg J5, Pavlova A5 and
Lacroix-Desmazes S4, N
Kreuz W1
1
rfelden,
HZRM Haemophilia Centre Rhine Main, Frankfurt-Mo
, Malmo
, Sweden;
Germany; 2University Hospital Malmo
3
University of Lyon, Lyon; 4INSERM, Paris, France; 5University
Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
Background: ObsITI is an international, open-label, uncontrolled multicenter observational program initiated in December 2005. The study
admits hemophilia A (HA) patients of any age and with any severity,
with a confirmed inhibitor titer 0.6 BU, and reduced FVIII recovery
and/or FVIII half-life. Patients with risk factors historically associated
with a poor ITI prognosis as well as good prognosis are included.
Patients are treated preferably according to the Bonn protocol.
Aims: The aim of the program is to evaluate patient and therapy
related variables on ITI course, outcome and morbidity in HA
patients.
Methods: ObsITI has several satellite studies which additionally look
at other factors related to tolerization: the thrombin generation substudy evaluates the correlation between the clinical bleeding phenotype
and the patients thrombin generation capacity before and during ITI,
the sub-study about immunogenotyping investigates the impact of
genetic factors on the ITI outcome, the concentrate-based thrombin
generation assay (TGA) as well as the characterization of specific
FVIII epitopes and the immunological sub-study look into specific
aspects for personalizing ITI treatment and predicting the outcome.
The results obtained from the sub-studies will be correlated with the
ITI success rates.
Results: As of February 2015, a total of 151 patients from 16 countries
have been documented for ObsITI. Another 6 countries are in IRB
process. One hundred and Fourteen patients completed the study, 27
patients discontinued and 38 patients are ongoing. Preliminary result
show a significant correlation between the bleeding rate during ITI,
the peak titre during ITI, the inhibitor titre at start of ITI >10 BU and
the number of poor prognosis factors with ITI outcome.
Conclusion: ObsITI is the largest prospective ongoing study on ITI
with the potential to extend the knowledge on ITI as well as to tailor
ITI treatment to each patient.
PO230-TUE
Defining adherence to prophylaxis in haemophilia:
results of a delphi consensus procedure
Schrijvers L1, Cnossen M2, Beijlevelt-Van Der Zande M3,
Peters M3, Schuurmans M4,5 and Fischer K1,6
1
Van Creveldkliniek, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht; 2Department of
Paediatric Haematology, Erasmus Medical Centre Sophia
Childrens Hospital, Rotterdam; 3Haemophilia Treatment Centre,
Emma Childrens Hospital Academical Medical Centre
Amsterdam, Amsterdam; 4Nursing Science, Faculty of Health
Care; 5Nursing Science; 6Julius Centre for Health Sciences and
Primary Care, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Background: Adherence to prophylaxis is mostly defined as administration of 80% of prescribed medication. Recently, the importance of
other aspects of adherence, such as timing, dosing planning, and communication has been underlined. However, a broadly accepted definition is lacking.
591
Aims: To develop expert consensus on what is regarded as adherence

to prophylaxis in haemophilia.
Methods: Using the validated Delphi method, a systematic consensus
procedure was performed in three rounds. Firstly, all aspects of adherence to prophylaxis were generated and clustered into themes. Secondly, the main themes were identified and prioritized. Thirdly,
different combinations of themes and eight clinical cases were labelled
as either adherent, sub-optimally adherent or non-adherent. Consensus was considered reached if at least 80% of the experts agreed.
Results: Twenty three Dutch haemophilia professionals and patients
participated. Consensus was reached (agreement >84%) on the final
definition of adherence to prophylaxis. Percentage of missed infusions,
percentage of changes in dosage (IU) and percentage of infusions not
administered at prescribed time point were considered the most important aspects of adherence to prophylaxis. This resulted in three adherence categories: adherent: missing <15% of infusions, <10% dose (IU)
changes and <30% deviation of infusions with regard to prescribed
time point; sub-optimally adherent: missing 1525% of infusions,
<25% dose changes or >30% deviation of dosing from prescribed time
point; non-adherent: >25% missing or >25% dose changes.
Conclusion: This study underlines that adherence as experienced by
haemophilia professionals is complex but can be described by a set of
three treatment aspects: missed infusions (%), dose changes (%) and
infusions not administered at prescribed time point (%). This definition is simple and can be easily applied to describe adherence to prophylaxis in research and clinical care.
Disclosure of Interest: L. Schrijvers Grant/Research Support from:
Baxter Pharmaceutics, M. Cnossen: None declared, M. Beijlevelt
van der Zande: None declared, M. Peters: None declared, M. Schuurmans: None declared, K. Fischer: None declared.
PO231-TUE
Utilization predictability for BAX 855 vs. BIIB031: a
descriptive comparison from pivotal trials
Schwartz EL1, Xiong Y1, Epstein JD1, Hafeman A2 and
Valentino LA3
1
Medical Outcomes Research and Economics; 2Global Medical
Affairs, Baxter Healthcare, Westlake Village; 3Global Medical
Affairs, Baxter Healthcare, Deerfield, USA
Background: Current treatment for Hemophilia A includes prophylaxis with factor VIII (FVIII) infusions every other day and up to
every 3rd day to reduce the number of hemorrhages. New treatment
options include FVIII concentrates with extended pharmacokinetic
half-lives. Treatment with these products will prompt changes to existing treatment patterns. To understand the value these new products
provide, efficacy and product utilization should be compared.
Aims: To compare annualized bleeding rates (ABR) and utilization for
two extended half-life FVIII products based on data from their pivotal
Phase III clinical trials and discuss implications on real-world use.
Methods: Comparable data on ABR and utilization for prophylaxis
were extracted for BIIB031 (Biogen Idec) and BAX 855 (Baxter) from
two pivotal trials. Median (IQR) ABR, prophylaxis dosing regimen,
mean weekly utilization (standard deviation) and the dosing minimum
and maximum range were descriptively compared. Data for BIIB031
was from the individualized prophylaxis arm in the pivotal trial and
data for BAX 855 was from the prophylaxis arm from the pivotal trial.
Results: The median (IQR) ABR in the BIIB031 individualized prophylaxis arm in the pivotal trial is 1.6 (0.0; 4.7). The dosing was 25
65 IU kg1 every 35 days. The mean weekly dose (standard deviation) and minimum and maximum range in IU kg1 were 85.4 (19.3),
min: 54.0, and max: 141.5. The median (IQR) ABR in BAX 855 prophylaxis arm in the pivotal trial is 1.9 (0, 5.8). The dosing was
45 5 IU kg1 twice weekly. The mean weekly dose (standard devia-
592
ABSTRACTS
tion) and minimum and maximum range in IU kg1 were 85.7 (7.6),
min: 67.1, and max: 114.9.
Conclusion: The efficacy from both studies demonstrates similar results
with both products; however, the dosing regimen and weekly utilization distribution with BAX 855 has a smaller variance. This data suggests that BAX 855 may provide similar outcomes with greater
utilization predictability for payers compared to BIIB031.
PO232-TUE
Origin of mutation and mosaicism in families with
sporadic cases of hemophilia A in Sweden
Martensson A, Ivarsson S and Ljung R
Department of Pediatrics, Department of Clinical Sciences
, Lund University, Malmo
, Sweden
Malmo
Background: In about half of newly diagnosed cases of Swedish hemophilia A (HA) the proband is a sporadic case, i.e. there is no previous
history of hemophilia in the family. Some of the genotypically noncarrier mothers have later gone on to have two descendants with the
same mutation, maybe due to germline mosaicism.
Aims: To define the origin of mutation in sporadic cases of HA, reveal
possible sex-specific differences in mutagenesis and find somatic mosaics among non-carrier mothers.
Methods: Blood was collected from relatives in three generations in 45
families with sporadic severe hemophilia retrieved from the Malm
o
Hemophilia Centers register. Mutations were characterized and microsatellite haplotyping determined whether the X-chromosome carrying a de novo mutation was of grandpaternal or -maternal origin.
Digital polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is being used to reveal mutations not found on conventional sequencing in order to obtain evidence of somatic mosaicism in non-carrier mothers. The participants
gave informed consent.
Results: In 28/45 families the mother carried the mutation. In five of
these families the grandmother was also a carrier resulting in 82% (23/
28) of the mothers having a de novo mutation. The X-chromosome
with the F8 mutation was of paternal origin in 16/23 (70%) cases and
of maternal origin in 4/23 (17%), whereas 3/23 (13%) cases were uninformative. The mutation types were gender correlated as follows:
inversions: paternal: 8/16 and maternal: 0/4; frameshift (insertion/deletion): paternal 4/16 and maternal 2/4; and point mutations: paternal 4/
16 and maternal 2/4. In 17/45 families the mother of the sporadic case
was a non-carrier, as determined by conventional sequencing; analyses
of potential mosaicism with digital-PCR are ongoing.
Conclusion: In 40/45 the sporadic case results from a mutation in the
last two generations, indicating a low carrier risk in relatives. In 82%
(23/28) the mothers had a de novo mutation where the X-chromosome
was of paternal origin in 70% (16/23).
PO233-TUE
Differences in the trough levels of factor VIII
depending on blood groups
Ashikaga T1, Yamashita A2, Nagae C2, Mori M2 and Taki M1
1
Department of pediatrics, St. Marianna University School of
Medicine Yokohama Seibu Hospital, Yokohama; 2Department of
Pediatrics, St. Marianna University School of Medicine,
Kawasaki, Japan
Background: An important factor of the efficacy of prophylaxis is the
length of time for which an individual has a low coagulation factor
activity. This period is more dependent on the half-life of the drug and
the frequency of infusion than on in vivo recovery and the amount of

drug infused. Therefore, for maintaining effective prophylaxis, determination of the factor that affects the half-life of the drug is very
important.
Aims: The half-life of FVIII is markedly influenced by von Willebrand
factor (VWF). We evaluated the differences in trough levels of FVIII:
C between patients with blood group O who has relatively low levels
of VWF antigen and those with blood groups non-O.
Methods: We included 23 patients with severe hemophilia A (FVIII:
C < 1%) on primary and secondary prophylaxis. Patients with a history of having inhibitors, patients using a central venous catheter for
infusion and patients using factor VIII preparations containing VWF
were excluded. We measured FVIII:C after 2 days of infusion with no
bleeding in the most recent data on December 31, 2014. Then, we compared the trough levels of FVIII in patients with O or non-O.
Results: Eight patients had blood group O and 15 were non-O. No significant differences were observed in the ages in the two groups
(O:17.4 11.4 years vs. non-O:15.8 13.0 years, P = 0.76). No significant difference was observed in the dose of factor VIII per body
weight between the two groups (O:26.8 6.0 IU kg1 vs. nonO:25.0 9.2 IU kg1, P = 0.58). The trough level of FVIII:C in the
O group was lower than that in the non-O group (O:2.4 1.6% vs.
non-O:4.4 2.5%, P = 0.03).
Conclusion: Although a significant difference was not observed in the
backgrounds between the two groups, the trough level of FVIII:C was
significantly lower in the O group than in the non-O group. Thus, our
result suggests that the half-life of FVIII:C is short in patients with the
O blood group. Therefore, it seems to be important to consider blood
type in planning the prophylactic regimen to the patients with hemophilia A.
PO234-TUE
Continuous infusion of FVIII in obese patients with
severe haemophilia A: is weight-based doseadjustment required?
Boban A, Henrard S, Lambert C and Hermans C
Haemostasis and Thrombosis Unit, Division of Haematology,
Haemophilia Clinic, Saint-Luc University Hospital, Brussels,
Belgium
Background: The prevalence of obesity is increasing in the western
world, and so is in patients with haemophilia. A question has been
posed if the dosing of clotting factor in haemophilia patients should be
adjusted for obesity. The standard formula for clotting factor concentrations uses factor VIII (FVIII) recovery value of 2.0 IU dL1/
IU kg1. However, recent studies proved significant variations in
FVIII recovery depending on the patients body weight (BW). To date,
no study investigated the impact of BW on the dosing of factor concentrate for continuous infusion (CI).
Aims: Here we present a case of obese haemophilia patient that underwent total knee replacement covered by a CI of FVIII concentrate.
Methods: A 48-years old patient with severe haemophilia and morbid
obesity had a total knee arthroplasty in February 2014. The patients
BW was 150 kg, height 177 cm and BMI 47.9 kg m2. The procedure
was covered by concentrate of a second generation recombinant FVIII
given in CI though a central venous catheter.
Results: We easily achieved the aimed haemostatic levels of FVIII by
having FVIII concentrate bolus dose and CI rate calculated based on
the BW of 100 kg. The FVIII levels were maintained between 90%
and 128% at all times, and the rate of CI had to be adjusted only once.
The surgery procedure and the early postoperative period went
uneventful, and the patient was discharged on day 11.
ABSTRACTS
Conclusion: The present case describes a successful use of weighadjusted approach to the calculation of FVIII concentrate dosage for
the CI in obese haemophilia patient.
PO235-TUE
Use of APCC in combination with tranexamic acid: a
single centre experience
Windyga J1, Baran B2, Odnoczko E2 and Stefanska-Windyga E3
1
2
Laboratory of Hemostasis and Metabolic Disorders; 3Outpatient
Clinic for Patients with Coagulation Diseases, Institute of
Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
Background: Antifibrinolytic agents are not recommended to be used
in concomitance with activated prothrombin complex concentrate
(FEIBA). Nevertheless, it is discussed whether adjunct tranexamic acid
(TXA) may improve haemostasis and be safe. In fact, some ex vivo
evidence has shown that adjunct TXA does not increase the endogenous thrombin potential but normalizes clot stability. In our centre
concomitant use of clotting factor concentrate and TXA is a standard
of care in patients with inherited bleeding disorders who suffer mucosal bleeds or undergoing invasive procedures on mucosa membranes
(e.g. dental extraction).
Aims: To evaluate the safety and the effectiveness of TXA as a junctive
therapy to FEIBA.
Methods: A retrospective review of patient charts were used to evaluate the concomitant use of FEIBA and TXA.
Results: Nine patients underwent 16 treatment courses with FEIBA
and tranexamic acid at the age of 19 to 70 years (median: 48 years).
The reason of treatment was single tooth extraction (4 patients), multiple teeth extractions (8 patients), one severe nose bleeding, one severe
oral cavity bleeding (palate), one intensive bleeding in oral cavity and
posterior wall of nasopharynx, one upper GI tract bleeding. The concomitant treatment lasted 3 to 14 days (median: 5 days), TXA treatment continued for overall 6 to 14 days (median: 7 days). FEIBA was
administered at a median daily dose of 152.2 U kg1 (min-max range:
72.7179.0 U kg1). TXA was administered at the dose of 1.0 g every
8 h orally in all patients. All treatment courses were successful without
any adverse event including thrombosis.
Conclusion: This small case series showed that the concomitant use of
systemic TXA with FEIBA was effective and safe. Larger cohort of
patients is required to support these findings and a risk-benefit evaluation.
PO236-TUE
Non-neutralizing antibodies modulate factor VIII
pharmacokinetic in patients with hemophilia A without
FVIII inhibitors
Hofbauer CJ1, Kepa S2, Schemper M2, Quehenberger P2, ReitterPfoertner S2, Mannhalter C2, Reipert BM1 and Pabinger I2
1
Baxter Bioscience; 2Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Background: Prophylaxis with factor VIII (FVIII) products is the current gold standard for treating patients with hemophilia A. Treatment
dose and frequency depend on pharmacokinetic parameters such as
FVIII half-life, which differs significantly among subjects. Circulating
von Willebrand factor (VWF) level is a major determinant of FVIII
half-life, but only partially explains the observed variability, thus raising the question of which other parameters are important.
593
Aims: To evaluate the influence of non-neutralizing, anti-FVIII IgG

antibodies on FVIII half-life.
Methods: FVIII half-life was determined in 42 adult, regularly treated
hemophilia A subjects without a history of FVIII inhibitors (Kepa
et al. Haemophilia 2015). Baseline plasma samples were analyzed for
anti-FVIII IgG antibodies using ELISA assays (Whelan et al. Blood
2013). Apparent affinity (KA) of anti-FVIII antibodies was assessed by
competition-based affinity-ELISA when IgG titers were 1:40 (Hofbauer et al. Blood 2015). The effect of anti-FVIII IgG antibodies on
FVIII half-life, independent of confirmed predictors age and VWF
antigen, was investigated by multiple linear regression.
Results: Nine subjects had anti-FVIII IgG antibodies with titers 1:40,
predominantly IgG1 and IgG3 (KA 3.8 9 109 M1). IgG2
(KA = 1.1 9 109 M1) and IgG4 (KA = 2.3 9 1011 M1) were
observed in one subject only. The effect of anti-FVIII IgG antibodies
with a titer 1:40 on FVIII half-life was significant (P = 0.03), even
after adjusting for age and VWF antigen level. Median FVIII half-life
was 8.2 h (IQR 7.59.3) in patients with anti-FVIII IgG antibody
titers 1:40 and 10.2 h (IQR 8.813.2) in patients negative for antiFVIII IgG antibodies.
Conclusion: Our data demonstrate that non-neutralizing, anti-FVIII
IgG antibodies are an additional independent contributor to variations
in FVIII half-life. We therefore suggest that screening for anti-FVIII
IgG antibodies could be beneficial in tailoring FVIII prophylactic regimens for hemophilia A patients.
Disclosure of Interest: C. Hofbauer Employee of: Baxter BioScience, S.
Kepa: None declared, M. Schemper: None declared, P. Quehenberger:
None declared, S. Reitter-Pfoertner: None declared, C. Mannhalter:
None declared, B. Reipert Employee of: Baxter BioScience, I. Pabinger: None declared.
PO237-TUE
IPAQ scoring and carotid intima media thickness in
patients with haemophilia
Sahin F1, Kilincer MB2, Turk UO3, Kavakli K4 and Saydam G1
1
Tepecik Education and Research Hospital; 4Pediatric Hematology,
Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
Background: The hemophilia patients have the problems of elderly
people todays, because they are aging as a result of effective usage of
factor concentrates. Logically, hypocoagulability in these patients may
have preventative role against acute complications of atherosclerotic
plaque rupture but not preventive for developing and progression of
atherosclerotic plaques.
Aims: The study aimed to determine Carotid intima-media thickness
(CIMT) values as an early marker of atherosclerosis and its possible
relationship between sedentary life style which quantified with International physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ) score in these patients.
Methods: Haemophilia patients were recruited from the Ege Hemophilia Center. The study was approved by the Ege University ethics
committees and inclusion took place after written consent had been
obtained. Hemophilia patients were eligible for inclusion regardless of
the severity of Hemophilia. CIMT measurements were obtained with
high resolution B-mode ultrasound transducer. A Turkish version of
IPAQ was filled by the patients. The physical activity score was calculated as metabolic equivalent (MET)-minutes week1. SPSS version
20 was used for the statistical analysis and the correlation between the
CIMT and physical activity score and physical activity category was
evaluated by using Pearson and MannWhitney U test repectively. P
value being <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: A total of 66 hemophilia patients (49 hemophilia A, 17 hemophilia B) were included in the study. Mean age of the patients was
37.5 11.6. Mean CIMT in hemophilia patients were 0.68 mm. Mean
activity score was 816 MET-min/w and 44 patients had low, 14
594
ABSTRACTS
patients had moderate and 7 patients had high activity. CIMT value
and IPAQ score had negative correlations (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: To our knowledge there is not a study evaluating the physical activity score of hemophiliac patients and correlation between
these values. In our study we found that a negative correlation
between IPAQ score and CIMT.
PO238-TUE
Left ventricle diastolic functions and physical activity
score in adult hemophilia patients: aegean
haemophilia center experience
Sahin F1, Kilincer MB2, Turk UO3, Kavakli K4 and Saydam G1
1
Tepecik Education and Research Hospital; 4Pediatric Hematology,
Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
Background: The E/A ratio is the ratio of the early (E) to late (A) LV
filling velocities. The mitral E/A ratio is a echocardiographic marker
of the function of the left ventricle (LV). An abnormality in the E/A
ratio indicates that LV cannot fill with blood properly in the diastole.
In a healthy heart, the E velocity is greater than the A velocity. In certain disease processes and with aging, the walls of LV can become stiff,
increasing the back pressure as it fills, which slows the early filling
velocity, thus lowering the E/A ratio.
Aims: We aimed to determine LV diastolic dysfunction and physical
activity relationship in hemophilia patients.
Methods: Hemophilia patients were eligible for inclusion regardless of
the severity of Hemophilia. A Turkish version of International physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ) was filled by the patients. The physical activity score was calculated as metabolic equivalent (MET)minutes/week and classified in three levels. The E/A ratio was measured by placing sample volume of pulse wave Doppler tracer across
the mitral inflow. The reversal E/A shows impaired relaxation. SPSS
ver. 20 was used for the statistical analysis and the correlation between
E/A ratio and physical activity score was researched by using Spearmans test. P value being <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: A total of 66 hemophilia patients were included in the study.
Mean age of the patients was 37.5 11.6. Mean activity score was 816
MET-min/w and 44 patients had low,14 patients had moderate and 7
patients had high activity. Mean E/A ratio was 1.26 and there was a
positive correlation between E/A ratio and IPAQ score (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: Sedentary status due to chronic joint problems and bleeding diathesis in hemophilia patients may have negative effects on diastolic functions of LV. Regular aerobic exercise programs may
improve the diastolic functions and may prevent from diastolic heart
failure as the destructive result of the diastolic dysfunction.
PO239-TUE
Regional data supports need for uniform approach to
Extended Half-Life (EHL) product transition
Croteau SE1,2, Holmes CE3, Porter JC4, Parnes AD2,5 and
Neufeld EJ1,2
1
Dana Farber/Boston Childrens Cancer and Blood Disorders
Center; 2Harvard Medical School, Boston; 3Hematology/
Oncology, Fletcher Allen Health Care, Burlington; 4Pediatric
Hematology/Oncology, Albany Medical College, Albany;
5
Hematology, Brigham & Womens Hospital, Boston, USA
Background: Extended half-life factor VIII and IX products differ in
pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles, but both offer the potential for
improved factor coverage with less frequent dosing. Data guiding individualized approaches for transition to EHL products are lacking.
Aims: To examine real-world experience transitioning patients to
EHL FVIII and FIX products including use of PK data and dosing
selection.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed EHL factor transition practices
from 3 region I HTCs, including patient age, PK data (timed levels,
and where possible, estimated terminal half-life (t1/2) by first order
decay) and dosing strategy.
Results: Thirteen patients transitioned to an EHL product (N = 159
severe hemophilia patients), 8 Elocate, 5 Alprolix. Age range was 3
58 year. All patients had 2 post-dose factor levels; 5 had PK data
from a standard factor product as well. Median Eloctate t1/2 was 14.6
h (range 10.823.8). Alprolix activity was 215% at day 7. One center
used the no-cost central reference lab in comparison with local lab; no
significant variance was noted. Dosing strategies for Eloctate varied
widely (range 80 U kg1 q72 h- 25 U kg1 q96 h). Alprolix was
dosed at 50 IU kg1 weekly. Four of 8 Eloctate patients returned to
their original factor for reasons of minimal t1/2 extension, breakthrough bleeds, or insurance issues. Of the remaining 9 patients on
EHL products, 3 maintained a standard factor product for breakthrough bleeding.
Conclusion: The wide variation in t1/2 and dosing strategies for EHL
factors highlights an imperative to obtain at least minimal PK data to
compare current factor to EHL factor within individuals. This could
be done at a central lab if inconvenient to come to HTC labs. A consistent approach to sparse PK sampling from patient to patient and center to center both informs tailored prophylaxis approaches and allows
meaningful comparisons across centers. This presents a ready opportunity for regional HTC collaboration as well.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Croteau Grant/Research Support from: 2014
Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research Society/Novo Nordisk Clinical
Fellowship Award in Hemophilia and Rare Bleeding Disorders, supported by Novo Nordisk and a 20142016 National Hemophilia
Foundation (NHF)-Baxter Clinical Fellowship, supported by Baxter,
Consultant for: Pfizer and Octapharma, C. Holmes: None declared, J.
Porter: None declared, A. Parnes: None declared, E. Neufeld Grant/
Research Support from: Octapharma, Novo Nordisk, Novartis, and
Baxter, Consultant for: Novo Nordisk, Baxter, Biogen-Idec, and Pfizer, Data Safety Monitoring Boards for Bayer, Pfizer and rEVO Biologics.
PO240-TUE
DDAVP-induced rise in pre-infusion von willebrand
factor levels may slightly affect the pharmacokinetics
of plasma-derived factor VIII concentrate in severe
hemophilia A patients
Stokhuijzen E1,2, Loomans JI1, Peters M1 and Fijnvandraat K1
1
Department of Pediatric Hematology, Emma Childrens
Hospital, Academic Medical Center; 2Department of Plasma
Proteins, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Background: The variability in half-life and mean residence time
(MRT) of factor VIII (FVIII) concentrates is strongly associated with
pre-infusion von Willebrand Factor (vWF) levels. We hypothesized
that half-life and MRT of FVIII can be improved by increasing the
pre-infusion endogenous vWF level through administration of 1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP).
Aims: To evaluate the effect of raising plasma levels of vWF (by
administration of DDAVP) prior to infusion of FVIII concentrate on
the pharmacokinetics of FVIII in severe hemophilia A patients.
Methods: In this randomised, cross-over, placebo controlled study four
severe hemophilia A patients were included. Each patient received two
administrations of 50 IU kg1 plasma-derived FVIII concentrate, preceded one hour by either intravenous DDAVP or placebo. Pharmaco 2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997
ABSTRACTS
kinetic parameters were calculated by model independent methods
using the plasma FVIII levels before and at 10 and 30 minutes and 1,
3, 6, 10, 24, 32 and 48 h following FVIII administration.
Results: In all four patients vWF increased significantly 1 h after
DDAVP administration (mean respectively 1.35 to 2.69 IU mL1),
whereas vWF remained stable after placebo infusion. The MRT of
FVIII concentrate increased in all patients (mean from 17.6 h to
19.9 h, P = 0.07; 95% CI for MRT change: +4.7 to 0.3 h). Following administration of DDAVP there was a tendency towards a lower
recovery of FVIII and an increase in its reciprocal equivalent, the volume of distribution. These differences did not reach statistical significance.
Conclusion: These results suggest that a DDAVP-induced rise in preinfusion vWF levels may slightly affect the pharmacokinetics of
plasma-derived factor VIII concentrate in severe hemophilia A
patients.
PO241-TUE
Population pharmacokinetic model of recombinant
single-chain factor VIII (rVIII singlechain) in patients
with hemophilia A
Zhang Y1, Limsakun T1, Bensen-Kennedy D1, Veldman A2 and
Sidhu J3
1
R&D Clinical Development, CSL Behring, King of prussia, USA;
2
R&D Clinical Development, CSL Behring GmbH, Marburg,
Germany; 3R&D Clinical Development, CSL, Parkville, Australia
Background: rVIII-SingleChain, a novel recombinant Factor VIII
(FVIII), is a single-chain construct in which a truncated B-domain
covalently links the heavy and light chain.
Aims: As part of the clinical development of rVIII-SingleChain, a population pharmacokinetic (PPK) analysis was undertaken, utilizing data
in adult and adolescent patients with hemophilia A in order to characterize the pharmacokinetics (PK) of rVIII-SingleChain at a population
level.
Methods: A nonlinear mixed effects modeling approach (NONMEM)
was used to analyze data from Study CSL627_1001. Blood PK samples from 72 patients (12 to 65 years) were collected to determine
plasma FVIII activity using a validated chromogenic assay. The effect
of various covariates in the PPK model was tested. Visual predictive
check (VPC) was used for model evaluation.
Results: A 2-compartmental model with first-order elimination adequately described the FVIII plasma activity data following rVIII-SingleChain dosing. Body weight and age were found to be significant
covariates on both clearance and central distribution volume. The
VPC results implied that the model was stable and the parameters were
estimated with good precision. Using the final PPK model, simulations
predicted that rVIII-SingleChain dosing at 4050 IU kg1 every
3 days dosing would result in steady-state trough FVIII levels above
1% in about 90% of patients, and dosing at 50 IU kg1 twice a week
at would achieve at least 1% trough levels in 7390% of patients.
Conclusion: The PPK model adequately characterized rVIII-SingleChain PK and the model can be utilized as a tool to simulate FVIII
activity-time profiles for various dosing scenarios.
Disclosure of Interest: Y. Zhang Employee of: CSL Behring, T. Limsakun Employee of: CSL Behring, D. Bensen-Kennedy Employee of:
CSL Behring, A. Veldman Employee of: CSL Behring GmbH, J. Sidhu Employee of: CSL.
595
PO242-TUE
Discrepancy between the factor VIII levels and severity
of hemophilia A in two maternal cousins patients
Ahmidatou H, Bensadok M, Chennoukh K, Arour A, Zidani N,
Ramaoun M, Belhani M and Nekkal S
Hematology and Blood Banking, Beni Messous University
Hospital, Algiers, Algeria
Background: Whats known about hemophilia is that all males affected
have the same severity as other affected males in the same family which
is the result of the inheritance of the same mutation. However, other
additional mutations can occur in some patients leading to different
factor levels among hemophiliacs belonging to the same family.
Aims: to report a rare case of a family with two hemophiliacs with different factor levels and to discuss the different inheritance patterns.
Methods: The first patient is 27 years old, was diagnosed with severe
hemophilia A, he was the only hemophiliac in the family, until the
birth of his maternal cousin who has moderate hemophilia (factor
VIII1.8%).
The family tree shows that their mothers are half-sisters by their
father.
The patients grandfather has married his wife who has familial relationships with him; their mothers are paternal cousins. They gave birth
to a boy and a girl who is the mother of the first patient.
The grandfather has married another wife who has also familial relationships with him; they are paternal cousins, they gave birth to four
girls, one of them is the mother of the second patient. No other hemophiliac in this family. Molecular genetic testing will be performed to
identify the mutations.
Results: No similar case reported in the literature. the inheritance patterns discussed:
A germinal mosaic in the grandfathers gametes. Mutated spermatozoons were transmitted to both half-sisters who transmitted the mutation
to their sons and the presence of additional mutations leading to different factor levels.
Both mothers are carriers and each one has a different mutation and a
different hemophilia severity.
Two sporadic cases: Due to the intermarriages, there is a complex additional mutations transmitted producing different factor levels in the
two affected boys.
Conclusion: The genetic testing (of the patients, their mothers and their
maternal grandfather) is the only test which will decide on the mode of
inheritance of hemophilia in this family.
596
ABSTRACTS
PO243-TUE
The ahead study: effectiveness interim results after one
year of observation, an analysis of the European
patients cohort
Oldenburg J1, on behalf of the AHEAD group, Tsakiris D2, on
behalf of the AHEAD group, Hermans C3, on behalf of the
AHEAD group, Liesner R4, on behalf of the AHEAD group,
Mazzucconi MG5, on behalf of the AHEAD group, Parra R6, on
behalf of the AHEAD group, Steinitz K7, on behalf of the AHEAD
group, Abad-Franch L8, on behalf of the AHEAD group,
Loew-Baselli A9 and on behalf of the AHEAD group
1
Institute for Experimental Hematology and Transfusion
Medicine, Bonn University Clinic, Bonn, Germany; 2Diagnostic
Hematology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland;
3
Haemophilia Clinic, St-Luc University Hospital, Brussels,
Belgium; 4Haemophilia Comprehensive Care Centre, Great
Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK; 5Universita
Roma La Sapienza, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy; 6Hospital
Universitari Vall dHebron, Barcelona, Spain; 7Baxter Innovations
GmbH, Baxter Healthcare Corporation, Vienna, Austria; 8Baxter
Healthcare SA, Zurich, Switzerland; 9Baxter Innovations GmbH,
Vienna, Austria
Background: The ADVATE Haemophilia A Outcome Database
(AHEAD) study captures long-term outcome data on patients with
haemophilia A (HA) receiving rAHF (ADVATE) treatment under
routine clinical practice.
Aims: We report effectiveness interim results from European countries
(without Germany) after one year of observation.
Methods: Globally, the AHEAD study will enroll a total of >1000
severe to moderate HA patients. The observation period per subject
will be 4 years. Study endpoints include long-term joint health outcomes, annualized (joint) bleeding rates (ABR/AJBR), factor consumption, health related quality of life and safety1.
Results: The interim analysis of September 2014 includes 287 patients,
of whom 162 completed the year 1 and 79 the year 2 visits. Median age
at enrolment was 12 years (range 070) and 69% of patients had
severe HA (FVIII<1%); 219 (81%) were on prophylaxis, 48 (18%)
were OD and 3 (1%) on ITI treatment. Thirty-seven percentage of
patients had target joints at screening. During the first year of observation 34 (27%) patients on prophylaxis did not experience any bleeding
events (BE). for patients OD, most BEs were spontaneous (58%) while
for patient on prophylaxis the BEs were equally traumatic or spontaneous. Most frequent bleeding sites were joints and muscles. Median
ABRs were 1.2 (027) in the prophylaxis group and 11.9 (051) for
OD; AJBRs were 1 (027) and 7.3 (036) in the two treatment groups.
49.5% of patients on prophylaxis and 20.8% of patients OD had an
AJBR <1, while 66.7% of OD patients had an AJBR of >6. Median
annualized total dose was 202,560 IU for prophylaxis and 35,346 IU
for OD. Effectiveness of prophylaxis was excellent/good in 96% of
cases. Effectiveness for treating an acute BE was excellent/good in
93% of cases for prophylaxis and 76% for OD.
Conclusion: Interim results of the AHEAD study show low ABR/
AJBR for patients on prophylaxis with rAHF (ADVATE) in routine
clinical practice, with good effectiveness rates.
Reference: 1Oldenburg et al, EAHAD 2015.
Disclosure of Interest: J. Oldenburg Grant/Research Support from:
Baxter, Bayer, Biogen Idec, Biotest, CSL Behring, Griffols, Inspiration, Novo, Nordisk, Octapharma, Swedish Orphan Biovitrum, Pfizer/
Wyeth, Consultant for: Baxter, Bayer, Biogen Idec, Biotest, CSL Behrgine, Griffols, Inspiration, Novo Nordisk, Octapharma, Swedish
Orphan Biovitrum, Pfizer/Wyeth, D. Tsakiris Grant/Research Support
from: Baxter, Bayer, CSL Behring, Consultant for: Baxter, Bayer,
CSL Behring, C. Hermans Consultant for: Baxter, Speaker Bureau of:
Baxter, R. Liesner Consultant for: Pfizer, Bayer, Baxter, BPL, Sobi,
Griffols, M. Mazzucconi Consultant for: Baxter, Novo Nordisk,
Speaker Bureau of: Amgen, Glaxo, Shire, Baxter, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, R. Parra Grant/Research Support from: Baxter, Pfizer, Bayer,
Novo Nordisk, Consultant for: Baxter, Pfizer, Sobi, K. Steinitz
Employee of: Baxter, L. Abad-Franch Employee of: Baxter, A. LoewBaselli Employee of: Baxter.
PO244-TUE
The ahead study: safety real world data after 1 year of
observation, an analysis of the European cohort of
patients
Oldenburg J1, on behalf of the AHEAD group, Tsakiris D2, on
behalf of the AHEAD group, Hermans C3, on behalf of the
AHEAD group, Liesner R4, on behalf of the AHEAD group,
Mazzucconi MG5, on behalf of the AHEAD group, Parra R6, on
behalf of the AHEAD group, Steinitz K7, on behalf of the AHEAD
group, Loew-Baselli A8, on behalf of the AHEAD group,
Abad-Franch L9 and on behalf of the AHEAD group
1
Institute for Experimental Hematology and Transfusion
Medicine, Bonn University Clinic, Bonn, Germany; 2Diagnostic
Hematology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland;
3
Haemophilia Clinic, St-Luc University Hospital, Brussels,
Belgium; 4Haemophilia Comprehensive Care Centre, Great
Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK; 5Universita
Roma La Sapienza, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy; 6Hospital
Universitari Vall dHebron, Barcelona, Spain; 7Baxter Innovations
GmbH, Baxter Healthcare Corporation; 8Baxter Innovations
GmbH, Vienna, Austria; 9Baxter Healthcare SA, Zurich,
Switzerland
Background: The AHEAD (ADVATE HaEmophilia A outcome Database) study captures long-term outcome data in patients with haemophilia A (HA) receiving rAHF (ADVATE) under routine clinical
practice and is a key source of real-world safety data.
Aims: We report interim safety results after one year of observation.
Methods: Globally the study will enroll a total of >1000 severe to moderate HA patients, receiving rAHF, regardless the number of previous
exposure days (EDs) to FVIII concentrates. The observation period
per subject will be 4 years. Study endpoints have been communicated
elsewhere1. Informed consent was obtained from all patients and the
study was approved by the relevant ethics committees.
Results: The interim analysis of September 2014 includes 287 patients
from European countries of whom 162 completed 1 year of observation. Median age at enrolment was 12 years (range 070) and 69% of
patients had severe HA (FVIII<1%). During the first year there were
338 Adverse Events (AEs) in 82 patients. Only 4 AEs were assessed as
treatment-related: one mild cutaneous allergic reaction with rhinitis
and 3 clinically significant (CS) low-titre inhibitors (0.661.88 BU): 2
in minimally treated patients (MTPs) after 11 and 20 exposure days
and 1 in a previously treated patient (PTP) with a history of an inhibitor at screening which became clinically significant during the study
(0.66 BU). All patients had severe HA and all continued to receive
rAHF. There were 15 serious AE (SAE) in 13 patients: Only the 3 lowtitre inhibitors were related to rAHF. No deaths were reported, and
no SAE was leading to study drug discontinuation. There was 1 lifethreatening SAE (skull fracture with intracranial haemorrhage after
accidental fall).
Conclusion: The AHEAD study reports real-world safety data, reassuring the good safety profile of rAHF (ADVATE) when used in clinical daily practice, both in previously treated, untreated or minimally
treated (PTP/PUP/MTP) severe and moderate HA patients.
Disclosure of Interest: J. Oldenburg Grant/Research Support from:
Baxter, Bayer, Biogen Idec, Biotest, CSL Behring, Griffols, Inspiration, Novo, Nordisk, Octapharma, Swedish Orphan Biovitrum, Pfizer/
Wyeth, Consultant for: Baxter, Bayer, Biogen Idec, Biotest, CSL Behr 2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997
ABSTRACTS
gine, Griffols, Inspiration, Novo Nordisk, Octapharma, Swedish
Orphan Biovitrum, Pfizer/Wyeth, D. Tsakiris Grant/Research Support
from: Baxter, Bayer, CSL Behring, Consultant for: Baxter, Bayer,
CSL Behring, C. Hermans Consultant for: Baxter, Speaker Bureau of:
Baxter, R. Liesner Consultant for: Pfizer, Bayer, Baxter, BPL, Sobi,
Griffols, M. Mazzucconi Consultant for: Baxter, Novo Nordisk,
Speaker Bureau of: Amgen, Glaxo, Shire, Baxter, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, R. Parra Grant/Research Support from: Baxter, Pfizer, Bayer,
Novo Nordisk, Consultant for: Baxter, Pfizer, Sobi, K. Steinitz
Employee of: Baxter, A. Loew-Baselli: None declared, L. AbadFranch Employee of: Baxter.
PO245-TUE
A core set of outcome measurement tools in patients
with hemophilia: a systematic review of the
measurement properties
Blanchette V1,2, Srivastava A3, Gouw S4, Feldman BM5,6,
Hilliard P7, Abad A8, Doria A9 and Fischer K10,11
1
Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto; 2Division of
Haematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto,
Canada; 3Department of Hematology, Christian Medical College,
Vellore, India; 4Department of Pediatric Hematology, Academic
Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands;
5
Department of Rehabilitation, Population Heath Sciences;
6
Division of Rheumatology; 7Department of Rehabilitation;
8
Department of Child Health Evaluative Sciences; 9Department
of Diagnostic Imaging, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto,
Canada; 10Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care;
11
Van Creveldkliniek, University Medical Center Utrecht,
Utrecht, Netherlands
Background: In patients with haemophilia the evaluation of outcomes
in all three domains of the ICF model (1. body structures and function, 2. activities and 3. participation) is critical to determine appropriate management for individual patients in clinical care and to compare
the effects of treatment strategies. A large number of tools are available. In order to improve quality of clinical management and clinical
research, we aim to reach consensus on a selection of instruments.
These measurement tools need to be valid, reliable and responsive to
change. Therefore, a systematic evaluation of the measurement properties of potential candidate tools is needed.
Aims: We are in the process of performing a systematic review to assess
the measurement properties of potential candidate outcome measurement instruments used in adult and pediatric patients with hemophilia.
A secondary aim is to identify gaps in the current knowledge on measurement properties in order to direct further research.
Methods: A survey among comprehensive haemophilia treatment centres identified a set of outcome measurement tools which are included
in the systematic review; 1. Petterson/IPSG/HEAD US scales, WFH/
CPE/HJHS scores, 2. (Ped)HAL/FISH/COPM, 3. IPA, CAPE&PAC,
Participation Scale and generic and disease specific HRQoL questionnaires. A systematic literature search to identify all available studies
on these tools has been performed in Medline and Embase. The methodological quality of the studies is being critically appraised using the
QUADAS2 and COSMIN checklists. Measurement properties include
reliability (internal consistency, reliability, measurement error), validity (content validity, construct validity, criterion validity) and responsiveness. The quality of the outcome measurement tools will be
appraised by the rating proposed by the Cochrane Back Review
Group.
Results: The results and.
Conclusion: Conclusions of this International initiative will be submitted to the ISTH as soon as they are available.
597
PO246-TUE
Clinical significance of type 1, type 2 T cells, TH17 and
Treg in the development of FVIII inhibitor in pediatric
hemophilia A patients
Chen Z, Wu R, Wei Q, Li G, Tang L, Zhen Y and Wu X
Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology,
National Key Discipline of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education, Key
Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education,
Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
Background: Higher incidence of inhibitory antibodies was produced
related to replacement therapy with factor VIII (FVIII) in hemophilia
A (HA) patients, which was the most high-risk complication in severe
HA.
Aims: This study aims to investigate the immune regulatory role of
Th17, Treg, Type 1 and type 2 T cells in the development of FVIII
inhibitor in pediatric HA.
Methods: Total of 122 pediatric HA patients in single center of China
were enrolled. The percentage of four type T cells was detected in
peripheral blood mononuclear cells from HA patients by flow cytometric analysis.
Results: There were 36 cases (29.5%) of HA with positive FVIII inhibitor (higher titer 13/36, 36.1% and lower titer 23/36, 63.9%). Treg cells
were higher in positive inhibitor of HA patients than that in the group
of negative inhibitor HA (7.17 1.47% vs. 6.49 1.32%)
(P < 0.05). Furthermore, compared with the lower titer of inhibitor of
HA patients group, the higher percentage of Tc1 was observed in the
higher titer of inhibitor group (50.46 24.76% vs. 32.23 16.38%)
(P < 0.05). Also, similar tendency of Th1 as well as ratio of Th1/Th2
was found in the higher titer of inhibitor group, however did not
achieve the significant difference (For Th1, 25.62 14.23% vs.
16.87 11.50%, P = 0.052; for Th1/Th2, 28.01 31.58% vs.
14.27 11.62%, P = 0.067, respectively).
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that higher Treg cells might be associated with the development of FVIII inhibitor in pediatric HA. Furthermore, Tc1 might be a risk factor to predict the severe status of
inhibitor.
PO247-TUE
Evaluate the quality of life in the elderly with
haemophilia
Niasari MRS, Toogeh G, Roostaei S, Zebardast J, on behalf of
statistics expert, School of Nursing, Deputy of Research, Imam
Khomeini Hospital, booye EA, Shaverdi S, Rahimi A, Ardebili HE
and Zarrabi F
Thrombosis and Hemostasis Research Center, Tehran, Iran
Background: Haemophilia had been effected on quality of life in the
elderly patients.
Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of life in the
elderly with haemophilia .
Methods: The study was done for 6 months on the elderly was hemophiliac. All the elderly with haemophilia who referred to Imam
Khomeini hospital in haemophilia clinic were evaluated by a questionnaire (WHOQOL)-BREF questionnaire.
Results: of 30 patients were 6 women (20%) and 24 male (80) have
been evaluated. the average age of the patients was 64.83 5.9 years.
physical health area average was16.32 3.42, psychological area was
4.32 16.74, social environment area was 11.605 5.775 and social
communication area was 16.02 3.18. There was a Significant differences in difference areas based on type of haemophilia, gender, educational level, socio-economic status, medical insurance coverage.
598
ABSTRACTS
Conclusion: In elderly people with haemophilia, there was a specific

problems, such as inject able pharmaceuticals and the problems they
experience, most of these patients after any detailed are traumatized,
however,unfortunately, often the elderly patient experiencing disabilities resulting from haemophilia.
PO248-TUE
Results of ankle prosthesis in patients with severe
haemophilic arthropathy follow up
Krause M1, Pillitteri D1, Preis M2, Kirchmaier C1, Scholz U3 and
Scholz R4
1
Haemostaseology, Dkd Helios Klinik Wiesbaden; 2Department
of Orthopaedics, Aukammklinik Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden;
3
Haemostaseolgy, Practice and Laboratory for Diagnostic and
Therapy of Coagulation Disorders Leipzig; 4Department of
Orthopaedics, University Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
Background: Arthrodesis is predominantly used in cases of haemophilic arthropathy of the ankle joint. The prosthetic replacement surgery
can offer a new therapeutic option for ankle arthropathy, and is a well
established operation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and in post
traumatic arthritis. Few cases are published about ankle replacement
in haemophilic arthropathy.
Aims: The aim was to evaluate the efficacy of ankle prosthesis in
patients with severe haemophilic arthropathy.
Methods: Five patients with haemophilia A (severe: 4, mild: 1; 30
44 years), 1 female with von Willebrand disease typ 3 (vWD)
(45 years) and 1 patient with a severe deficiency of factor V showed an
advanced state of joint destruction of the ankle evaluated by MRI/Xrays. The presence of severe pain, radiological joint damage (MRI
score/Pettersson score) and a sufficient residual condition of mobility
were the main indications for ankle replacement therapy. Surgical
interventions were performed under FVIII or FVIII/VWF replacement therapy and the daily monitoring of the substitution.
Results: No complications (infection, intra-articular ankle bleeding)
and side effects were documented in any patient. Typical lymphatic
oedema was resolved after 6 months. Three years after ankle replacement, the patient with vWD required revision surgery due to a progressive decrease in mobility.
After follow-up of 28 years all prostheses were still in place and did
not show any signs of loosening. Clinical scores showed a good (n = 2)
to excellent (n = 4) result in the patients.
Conclusion: The ankle prosthetic replacement surgery represents a
therapeutic option in patients with haemophilic arthropathy. Prospective studies are needed to confirm the efficacy of ankle replacement
compared with that of ankle fusion.
PO249-TUE
Immune tolerance induction in hemophilia A and B
with inhibitor. single centre experience
Batorova A1, Bubanska E2, Jankovicova D1, Morongova A1,
Prigancova T1 and Balazova E1
1
Natl Hemophilia Centre, Department of Hematology and
Transfusion Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Comenius University,
University Hospital, Bratislava; 2Department of Hematology and
Oncohematology, DFNsP SZU, Banska Bystrica, Slovakia
Background: Immune tolerance induction (ITI) successfully eradicates
inhibitors in 6080% and 3050% of hemophilia A (HA) and hemophilia B (HB) patients with inhibitors, respectively.
Aims: To evaluate the ITI outcomes in 16 severe hemophilia patients

with inhibitors diagnosed between the years 1994 and 2014 and treated
in our Centre.
Methods: During the above mentioned period 15 HA patients received
ITI: 14 with plasma derived Factor VIII concentrates containing von
Willebrand Factor (FVIII/vWF) and 1 with recombinant FVIII
(rFVIII). In HA a low dose (LD) regimen (FVIII 2 9 50 IU kg1
14 days followed by 1 9 50 IU kg1 14 days and then 50 IU kg1
quod) and high dose (HD) protocol (FVIII 2 9 100 IU kg1 day1)
were employed. One HB patient with inhibitor received HD ITI
(2 9 100 IU pdFIX) with initial concurrent immune modulation
(dexamethasone, ivIgG, rituximab). Standard criteria for a complete
success (CS) were used in terms of inhibitor negativity, factor recovery
and T1/2.
Results: All patients had pre-ITI inhibitor titre <10 BU mL1. The LD
ITI was used in 9 HA pats (age 157 years; 6LR/3HR; median historical inhibitor titre 3.5 BU mL1; range 217 BU mL1) with FVIII/
vWF (8) and rFVIII (1). All (100%) achieved CS in a median of 12 (3
20) months. Inhibitor relapse in 58 years old patient was succesfully
treated with a second LD ITI combined with rituximab. HD ITI with
FVIII/vWF was used in 6 high responders (1.516 years) with historical titre of 8 BU mL1 (7500 BU mL1), 5/6 (83%) achieved CS after
12 months of ITI (range 836 months). In one patient the ITI is still
ongoing (24 months). HB patient (6 years) with historical inhibitor
titre of 75 BU mL1 achieved a CS after 8 months ITI. Concurrent
immune modulation succesfully suppressed allergic reactions observed
at the beginning of the ITI.
Conclusion: In hemophilia A we achieved in a total 93% success with
either LD or HD ITI employing mostly FVIII/vWF concentrates. In
hemophilia B immune suppression facilitated succesfully to accomplish full course of ITI.
PO250-TUE
PUPs with severe haemophilia A a GCP study
evaluating the immunogenicity, efficacy and safety of
Human-cl rhFVIII
Liesner R1, Jansen M2, Kavardakova N3, Abashidze M4 and
Knaub S5
1
Haemophilia Centre, Great Ormond Hospital for Children NHS
Trust, London, UK; 2Octapharma Produktionsgesellschaft mbH,
Vienna, Austria; 3National Childrens Specialized Clinic
Ohmatdet, Kiev, Ukraine; 4JSC Institute of Haematology and
Transfusiology, Tiflis, Georgia; 5R&D Haematology, Octapharma
AG, Lachen, Switzerland
Background: Human-cl rhFVIII is a human cell-line derived, B-domain
deleted recombinant FVIII concentrate for intravenous use. Due to
the absence of immunogenic epitopes, present in rFVIII concentrates
from hamster cell lines, Human-cl rhFVIII is thought to be potentially
less immunogenic. So far, 6 prospective GCP studies with Human-cl
rhFVIII were conducted in almost 200 previously treated adults and
children with severe haemophilia A (HA).
Aims: Since early 2013, a prospective, multinational, open-label, noncontrolled clinical study is ongoing to assess the immunogenicity, efficacy and safety of Human-cl rhFVIII in previously untreated patients
(PUPs).
Methods: Hundred evaluable patients with severe HA without previous exposure to any FVIII concentrate or FVIII containing products
will be enrolled from 45 centers worldwide. Inhibitor testing according
to modified Bethesda method will be performed pre-treatment, every
34 exposure days (ED 120) and every 1012 EDs (ED 21100) but
at least every three months after start of treatment. Efficacy and safety
of Human-cl rhFVIII is assessed during on-demand or prophylactic
therapy, breakthrough bleeds treatment, and in surgical prophylaxis.
ABSTRACTS
Pharmaco-economic aspects and predictive factors for the development of inhibitors will be evaluated. Several optional sub-studies to
identify predictive markers of inhibitor development in order to accurately identify individuals at risk of inhibitor formation in PUPs have
been initiated.
Results: By the end of January 2015, 40 sites worldwide had been initiated in 15 countries. A total of 53 PUPs had been screened at 21 sites
in 11 countries, and 43 of them had started treatment with Human-cl
rhFVIII. Safety data are continuously reviewed by an IDMC. No
safety issues were detected so far. First preliminary results will be presented during summer 2015.
Conclusion: A global GCP-study in PUPs is ongoing in order to investigate whether the reduced immunogenic profile of Human-cl rhFVIII
will translate into a lower inhibitor incidence.
Disclosure of Interest: R. Liesner: None declared, M. Jansen Employee
of: Octapharma, N. Kavardakova: None declared, M. Abashidze:
None declared, S. Knaub Employee of: Octapharma.
PO251-TUE
Population pharmacokinetics in hemophilia A: towards
individualization of perioperative replacement therapy
Hazendonk HC1, Fijnvandaat K2, Driessens MH3, van der
Meer FJ4, Meijer K5, Kruip MA6, Laros-van Gorkom BA7,
Peters M2, de Wildt SN8, Leebeek FW6, Cnossen MH1,
^ t RA9 and on behalf of OPTI-CLOT
Matho
1
Medical Centre Sophia Childrens Hospital, Rotterdam;
2
Department of Pediatric Hematology, Academic Medical Center,
Amsterdam; 3Netherlands Hemophilia Patient Society, NVHP,
Nijkerk; 4Department of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Leiden
University Medical Center, Leiden; 5Department of Hematology,
University Medical Center, Groningen; 6Department of
Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam;
7
Department of Hematology, Radboud university medical center,
Nijmegen; 8Department of Pediatric Intensive Care, Erasmus
University Medical Centre Sophia Childrens Hospital,
Rotterdam; 9Hospital Pharmacy Clinical Pharmacology,
Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Background: Pharmacokinetic (PK)-guided dosing has been proven
efficacious in prophylactic treatment of haemophilia A patients. However, few data are available on the possible benefits of perioperative
PK guided FVIII dosing.
Aims: To facilitate Bayesian adaptive dosing we conducted a retrospective study to construct a perioperative population PK model for
(moderate) severe hemophilia A patients.
Methods: Hemophilia A patients (FVIII levels <0.05 IU ml1) were
included, undergoing elective, low or medium risk surgery between
2000 and 2012 from five Academic Hemophilia Treatment Centers in
the Netherlands. Data was collected on FVIII treatment (dose, brand
of concentrate), patient and surgical characteristics. Population PK
modeling was performed using nonlinear mixed-effects modeling
(NONMEM). The study was not subject to the Medical Research
Involving Human Subjects Act and approved by the Medical Ethics
Committee.
Results: Population PK parameters were estimated in 75 adults (140
surgeries; median age: 48 years, median weight: 80 kg) and 44 children
(58 surgeries; median age: 4.3 years, median weight: 18.5 kg). PK profiles were best described by a two-compartment model. Typical values
for clearance (CL), intercompartmental clearance, central (V1) and
peripheral volume were 0.16 L h1/68 kg, 0.17 L h1/68 kg, 2.82 L/
68 kg and 1.88 L/68 kg. Interpatient variability in CL and V1 was
37% and 27%. CL decreased with age (P < 0.01); increased in case of
blood group O (27%, P < 0.01) and was dependent on the severity of
599
surgical procedure (7%, P < 0.01) and the presence of a bleeding complication (13%, P < 0.01).
Conclusion: A population model was developed describing the perioperative PK of FVIII concentrates, allowing the individualization of
perioperative FVIII dosing by Bayesian analysis. Therapeutic drug
monitoring of perioperative FVIII may prevent current underdosing
and overdosing, thereby leading to decreased FVIII consumption and
lowering of treatment costs without loss of quality of care.
PO252-TUE
Prenatal diagnosis for haemophilia: umbilical cord
blood sample used
Zhong J1, Dai J2 and Wang X2
1
Transfusion Department; 2laboratory medicine, Ruijin Hospital,
Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai,
China
Background: Haemophilia A (HA) and B (HB) are the two most common X-linked inherited bleeding disorders. Prenatal diagnosis is an
alternative method to avoid patient was born. However, some family
members couldnt perform the gene diagnosis owing to the probands
samples absent for any reasons. The pregnant women also need to do
the prenatal diagnosis for haemophilia.
Aims: To set up a prenatal diagnosis method for haemophilia family
female members who are not suitable for gene diagnosis.
Methods: Anticoagulant umbilical cord blood samples were collected
at 2123 weeks gestation. The global coagulation tests and all factor
activities were assessed on IL coagulation analyser. Totally 48 samples
have been detected, including 35 samples for haemophilia A diagnosis
and 13 for haemophilia B diagnosis.
Results: 12 haemophilia A and 5 haemophilia B fetus have been diagnosis according the factor activity results from umbilical cord blood
samples. The mean value for fibrinogen is 0.87 g L1. The mean values for factor II, factor V, factor VII, factor X, factor VIII, factor IX,
factor XI and factor XII are 29.26%, 78.81%, 25.91%, 25.10%,
37.74%, 11.80, 20.87%, 20.87%, separately.
Conclusion: The main risk for prenatal diagnosis for haemophilia using
umbilical cord blood sample is the maternal blood contamination. In
our study, we use the global coagulation tests combined the factor
activity detection to identify whether the umbilical sample collection is
successful. The results demonstrate that its a good method for prenatal diagnosis for haemophilia if one family is not suitable for gene
diagnosis for any reason.
600
ABSTRACTS
PO253-TUE
Bleeding affects health-related quality of life (HRQoL)
in people with haemophilia patients (PWH) even a
single bleed matters
von Mackensen S1, Eichler H2, Holstein K3, Khair K4 and
Schramm W5
1
Institute of Medical Psychology, University Medical Centre
Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Georgia; 2Institute of Clinical
Haemostaseology and Transfusion Medicine, Saarland University
Medical Center, Hombug/Saar; 3II. Medical Clinic and Policlinic,
University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg,
Germany; 4Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust,
London, UK; 5Department of Haemostaseology and Transfusion
Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich,
Germany
Background: Animal studies and clinical data have shown that each
avoided bleed matters in the prevention of joint damage. Poor evidence
is available on its impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL).
Aims: Evaluation of HRQoL in people with haemophilia (PWH) with
0 bleeds in comparison with patients with bleeding events.
Methods: Data from different national and international studies in
adult and paediatric PWH were analysed to verify the hypothesis that
a single bleed already impacts their HRQoL. In these studies HRQoL
was assessed with generic instruments (adults: SF-36, EQ-5D; children:
KINDL) and/or haemophilia-specific instruments (adults: Haem-AQoL, MedTap; children: Haemo-QoL). The time frame of bleeding
rate varied across the studies from no of bleeds and joint bleeds in the
previous 6 months to annual rate of bleeds and joint bleeds.
Results: The European ESCHQoL Study showed that PWH with 0
joint bleeds in the previous 6 months had a significant better HRQoL.
Adults (n = 900) reported better values in all domains of the SF-36
and the MedTap questionnaire; similarly, adolescents (n = 138)
reported a significant better HRQoL in most domains of the HaemoQoL. In a Study from the UK (n = 84) children with 0 joint bleeds in
the past 6 months had a significant better Total Score of the HaemoQoL. In a German study in adult patients (n = 56) PWH with 0 joint
bleeds in the previous year reported significant better HRQoL in the
domains physical health, sport, dealing and treatment in the
Haem-A-QoL. Another German study showed that adults (n = 58)
with 0 joint bleeds in the previous year had better HRQoL in the
domains physical functioning, bodily pain, general health and in
the Physical Component Score of the SF-36.
Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that PWH with 0 bleeds have
better HRQoL. Not only joint health, but also HRQoL is affected by
even a single bleed.
Disclosure of Interest: S. von Mackensen Grant/Research Support from:
Wyeth UK, European Commission, H. Eichler Grant/Research Support
from: Baxter, K. Holstein Grant/Research Support from: CSL Behring
Germany, K. Khair Grant/Research Support from: Wyeth UK,
W. Schramm Grant/Research Support from: European Commission.
PO254-TUE
Intracranial hemorrhage and management in hereditary
bleeding disorders: the experience of Cukurova
University, Adana, Turkey
Sasmaz I1, Antmen B2, Karagun BS2, Yilmaz DM3, Leblebisatan G1
and Kilinc Y1
1
Pediatric Hematology, Cukurova University; 2Pediatric
Hematology, Acibadem Hospital; 3Neurosurgery, Cukurova
University, Adana, Turkey
Background: Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is a life threatening complication of hereditary bleeding disorders in childhood resulting in
high rates of mortality and disabling sequelae.
Aims: In this study, we evaluated our patients with intracranial hemorrhage and compared with literature.
Methods: From 1995 to 2014, 27 patients with intracranial hemorrhage
were diagnosed and evaluated in C
ukurova University Hemophilia
Center. ICH episodes, the findings of physical examination, CT scan
or MRI and treatment strategies including surgical interventions were
reviewed retrospectively.
Results: We evaluated 28 episodes of ICH from 27 patients with hereditary congenital factor deficiencies (CFD). Age range was from 9 days
to 12 years. There were 18 patients with hemophilia A, 2 patients with
hemophilia B, 2 patients with factor VII deficiency, 4 patient with factor X deficiency, 1 patient with von Willebrand disease. Two patients
with factor VII deficiency, 2 patients with factor X deficiency and 1
patient with von Willebrand disease were female. Except one patient
with factor X deficiency, all patients had one bleeding episode. Three
patients had a high titer inhibitor against factor VIII. The most important factor was trauma. A history of recent trauma was documented in
15 patients. Intracerebral and subdural hematoma were more frequently seen. The most frequent symptoms were seizure and headache.
The diagnosis of hemophilia was established in 5 patients after intracranial hemorrhage who referred to our center with ICH. In 11
patients, hematoma was evacuated. Three hemophilia patients died
due to ICH and 5 patients presented late sequelae.
Conclusion: Intracranial hemorrhage is the most serious complication
in childhood, especially for hereditary bleeding disorders. Urgent
establishing diagnosis and treatment with prompt doses of factors to
initially maintain a normal concentration of circulating factor is mandatory. Despite the prompt treatment, death and late sequelae can be
seen in this patients group.
PO255-TUE
Exploring cost effectiveness of various prophylactic
treatment strategies for severe haemophilia using a
computer simulation model
Fischer K1,2 and Janssen M2
1
Van Creveldkliniek; 2Julius Center for Health Sciences and
Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The
Netherlands
Background: Severe hemophilia requires life-long treatment with
expensive clotting factor concentrates; modeling techniques are used
to compare effects of different treatment strategies over decades.
Aims: To explore strategies for switching between prophylactic and on
demand treatment according to different prophylactic dose levels using
an updated computer model.
Methods: The previously developed computer simulation model was
updated with data from a formal expert elicitation process. Additional
information included life expectancy, treatment of minor bleeding episodes, and prophylactic dose needed to control bleeding according to
the patients onset of joint bleeding. The model was used to simulate
individual patients life time joint bleeds, radiological outcome (Pettersson score, max 78 points) and concentrate use according to different treatment strategies. Based on the cost effectiveness (maximum %
of patients with a Pettersson score <15 at a minimum cost) different
strategies for switching between prophylactic and on demand treatment according to different prophylactic dose levels of 1500 to
3500 IU kg1 year1 were explored.
Results: According to the model, a life-long prophylactic regimen with
a dose of 2000 IU kg1 year1 was most cost effective, maintaining a
Pettersson score of <15 points at the end of life in 62% of patients.
Including switching reduced this proportion slightly to 60%. Optimum
switching criteria were similar across prophylactic dose levels: patients
could switch to on demand treatment if they had suffered <= 1 joint
bleed/in the last two years on an average prophylactic dose; prophy 2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997
ABSTRACTS
laxis should be restarted if patients suffered a maximum of 8 joint
bleeds in one year, 6 year1 in two years, or 4 year1 in three years
while treated on demand.
Conclusion: The present model suggests that optimum criteria for
switching between prophylaxis and on demand treatment are independent of prophylactic dose and that prophylaxis at 2000 IU kg1
year1 is most cost-effective.
PO256-TUE
Ultrasound evaluation of haemophilic joints by
haemophilia physicians: a reliability study
Fischer K1,2, Oldenburg J3, Astermark J4, Dolan G5, Morfini M6,
Marquardt N3, Martinoli C7 and on behalf of the Ultrasound
Scientific Steering Committee members
1
Van Creveldkliniek; 2Julius Center for Health Sciences and
Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The
Netherlands; 3Institute of Experimental Haematology, University
Clinic Bonn, Bonn, Germany; 4Clinical Coagulation Research
, Sweden; 5Nottingham
Unit, Sk
ane University Hospital, Malmo
University Hospitals, Nottingham, UK; 6Agency for Haemophilia,
Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Careggi, Florence; 7DISSAL,
Universita di Genova, Genova, Italy
Background: The assessment of joint health is a key aspect of monitoring treatment efficacy in haemophilia. Detecting early synovial and
cartilage changes to guide treatment strategy is a challenge; MRI is
cumbersome and expensive, but ultrasound (US) is promising.
Recently, the HEAD-US technique and score was developed to facilitate bedside US evaluation by non-radiologists.
Aims: To assess the validity and inter-operator reliability of the
HEAD-US score performed by haemophilia physicians.
Methods: On two consecutive days, 5 haemophilia treaters and one reference operator independently examined a total of 42 joints: 2 joints in
each of 21 patients using identical US machines. The HEAD US score
evaluates synovium (02 points), cartilage (04 points) and bone (02
points), resulting in a total score ranging from 0 (no changes) to 8
points (severe changes). Spearman correlation with the reference score,
internal consistency (Crohnbachs alpha), inter-observer agreement (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC)) and limits of agreement according to Bland and Altman were calculated.
Results: Operators were haemophilia physicians, all had limited training of 2.5 days (in two sessions) and a short calibration session prior
to the study. Median age was 29.9 years (range 1647). Fifteen Ankles,
12 knees, and 15 elbows were scanned, the median score was 3.5 (IQR
16) with 21% no abnormalities and 2% maximum scores. Correlation
with the reference rater was good (range 0.660.89), with good internal
consistency (Alpha 0.94). Inter-observer agreement was high with an
ICC of 0.72 (95% CI 0.620.82). At joint level, the limits of agreement
were 3.3 points.
Conclusion: Ultrasound evaluation of haemophilic joints with the
HEAD US score can be performed by haemophilia physicians after
only limited training. This technique and scoring system may take a
central role in the continuous evaluation of joint health and tailoringprophylaxis. Agreement between operators was already good and is
expected to increase with further experience.
Disclosure of Interest: K. Fischer Consultant for: Member of the Pfizer
Ultrasound Steering Committee, J. Oldenburg Consultant for: Member of the Pfizer Ultrasound Steering Committee, J. Astermark Consultant for: Member of the Pfizer Ultrasound Steering Committee, G.
Dolan Consultant for: Member of the Pfizer Ultrasound Steering
Committee, M. Morfini Consultant for: Member of the Pfizer Ultrasound Steering Committee, N. Marquardt Consultant for: Pfizer, C.
Martinoli Consultant for: Member of the Pfizer Ultrasound Steering
Committee.
601
PO257-TUE
Dosing of rVIIa-FP in clinical studies in hemophilia
with inhibitors and factor VII deficiency
Laros-van Gorkom BB1, Holme PA2, van Heerde W1,
Mahlangu J3, Karim FDA4, Chowdary P5, Kennedy DB6,
Veldman A7, Clementi R6, Nergier C8 and on behalf of for the
PROLONG 7 study group
1
Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The
Netherlands; 2Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; 3Charlotte
Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, Johannesburg, South
Africa; 4National Blood Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; 5Royal
Free Hospital, London, UK; 6CSL Behring, King of Prussia, USA;
7
CSL Behring, Marburg, Germany; 8Edouard Herriot University
Hospital, Lyon, France
Background: Current difficulties in treatment of patients with congenital Hemophilia with Inhibitors (CHwI) and patients with FVII Deficiency (FVIIDef) are caused by the short plasma half-life of rFVIIa of
2.5 3 h, necessitating several injections per day to treat most bleeds
and making a treatment schedule for use in prophylaxis a challenge.
rVIIa-FP is a new fusion protein of rFVIIa and recombinant albumin
with a significantly prolonged half-life of 8.5 h, which was developed
to address these problems.
Aims: Define dosing and schedules to be tested in the clinical development program of rVIIa-FP in the indications CHwI and FVIIDef.
Methods: Peak plasma activities of rVIIa-FP were obtained in a single
dose PK study in healthy human volunteers after injection of rVIIaFP at 5 different dose levels. These were compared to rFVIIa peak
plasma activity after injection of 90 lg kg1 and the dose equivalent
of rVIIa-FP to rFVIIa was calculated.
Results: The dose equivalent of rVIIa-FP to 90 lg kg1 of rVIIa was
calculated at 573 lg kg1. Upcoming clinical trials in CHwI will test
the efficacy and safety of 0.75 and 1.5 mg kg1 rVIIa-FP to control
and prevent bleeding; in upcoming clinical trials in FVIIDef, 0.10
0.4 mg kg1 will be utilized.
Conclusion: PK studies allow estimating equivalent dosing of rVIIa-FP
to established doses of rFVIIa across different indications. The significantly prolonged half-life of 8.5 h may translate to a more sustained
control of hemostasis after injection of a single dose.
Disclosure of Interest: B. Britta Laros-van Gorkom: None declared, P.
Holme: None declared, W. van Heerde: None declared, J. Mahlangu:
None declared, F. Dato Abd Karim: None declared, P. Chowdary:
None declared, D. Bensen Kennedy Employee of: CSL Behring, A.
Veldman Employee of: CSL Behring, R. Clementi Employee of: CSL
Behring, C. Nergier: None declared.
602
ABSTRACTS
PO258-TUE
Efficacy and safety of RVIII-singlechain in surgical
prophylaxis
PO259-TUE
Inhibitors in Hemophilia (HA): experience of a single
center in the last 22 years
Djambas Khayat C1, Mahlangu J2, Leisinger C3, Png S4,

Santagostino E5, Fernandez FL6, Kennedy DB7, Veldman A7,
Regina C7, Pabinger I8 and on behalf of for the AFFINITY Study
Group
1
Hotel-Dieu de France University Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon;
2
Johannesburg, South Africa; 3Tulane University Health Sciences
Center, New Orleans, USA; 4Royal Perth Hospital, Perth,
Australia; 5Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis
Centre, Milano, Italy; 6Hospital Teresa Herrera Materno- Infantil,
Coruna, Spain; 7CSL Behring, King of Prussia, USA;
8
Universitaetsklinik fuer Innere Medizin I, Vienna, Austria
Santoro C1, Baldacci E1, Acquila M2, Bicocchi MP2, Basso M1, De
Angelis F1, Grazia F1, Parlanti L1, Volpicelli P1, Abbruzzese R1,
Barone F1 and Mazzucconi MG1
1
Cellular Biotechnology and Hematology, Hematology Sapienza
University, Rome; 2Laboratorio Centrale Analisi, Istituto G.
Gaslini, Genova, Italy
Background: rVIII-SingleChain, a novel recombinant Factor VIII, has

been designed as a B-domain truncated construct with a covalent bond
between the heavy and light chains with a higher binding affinity to
von Willebrand Factor. rVIII-SingleChain has a lower clearance,
longer half-life and larger area under the curve compared to octocog
alfa.
Aims: This sub-study investigated the safety and efficacy of rVIII-SingleChain when used in the perioperative setting for prevention and
bleeding control in patients with severe Hemophilia A undergoing
major surgery.
Methods: The study was approved by Ethics committees of all sites
and conducted according to GCP and the Declaration of Helsinki.
Dosing was guided by the current WFH recommendations. Dosing
was according to individual patient PK and was given by bolus or continuous infusion.
Results: 13 patient underwent 16 major surgeries which included
extraction of wisdom teeth, abdominal hernia repair, elbow replacement, ankle arthroplasty, knee replacement (5), cholecystectomy,
lengthening of the achilles tendon combined with straighten up of the
right toes, circumcision (3), open reduction Internal fixation right
ankle fracture and hardware removal right ankle. Eight procedures
were covered by bolus infusion., and 8 by continuous infusion of
rVIII-SingleChain. Investigators rated the efficacy of rVIII-SingleChain to provide hemostasis during surgery as excellent (defined as hemostasis not clinically significant different from normal) in all cases
but one in which it was rated as good (defined as hemostasis normal or
mildly abnormal in terms of quantity and/or quality eg, slight oozing).
After the procedure, patients returned to routine treatment after a
median of 9 days. No related AEs or SAEs were observed during the
peri-surgical period.
Conclusion: rVIII-SingleChain is efficacious and safe when used for
peri-surgical prophylaxis and bleeding control during a wide range of
surgical procedures when dosed following the WFH recommendations.
Disclosure of Interest: C. Djambas Khayat: None declared, J. Mahlangu: None declared, C. Leisinger: None declared, S. Png: None
declared, E. Santagostino: None declared, F. Lopez Fernandez: None
declared, D. Bensen Kennedy Employee of: CSL Behring, A. Veldman
Employee of: CSL Behring, C. Regina Employee of: CSL Behring, I.
Pabinger: None declared.
Background: Inhibitor development is the most serious treatment complication in HA.

Aims: To investigate the incidence of inhibitor development in our HA
population in the last 22 years.
Methods: All patients were diagnosed between 1992 and 2014.
Results: 153 patients received a diagnosis of HA (54 severe, 14 moderate and 85 mild). Seventy-three/153 (48%) have been exclusively treated with recombinant FVIII (rFVIII) at least once in their life: 11/73
(15%) developed an inhibitor [7 high responder (HR), 3 low responder
(LR), 1 transient)]. Fourteen/153 (9%) have been exclusively treated
with plasma-derived FVIII (pdFVIII) at least once in their life: 3/14
(21%) developed a HR inhibitor. Seven/153 (4.5%) have been treated
either with pdFVIII or rFVIII: 1/7 (14%) developed a LR inhibitor.
Globally, 15/94 (16%) treated patients, all severe, developed an inhibitor: 10 HR, 4 LR, 1 transient. As regard as FVIII gene mutation, we
observed Intron 22 inversion in 5 patients, nonsense mutations in 4,
deletions in 2, Intron 1 inversion in 2, a frameshift mutation in 1. One
patient is still under study. Three/15 patients presented a family inhibitor history. Prior to inhibitor development, 5/15 patients underwent
an intensive treatment. Eight/10 patients with HR inhibitor, underwent ITI: 7 obtained a CR, 1 is ongoing. Four patients with LR and 1
patient with transient inhibitor, underwent prophylaxis regimen with
FVIII concentrate: at last follow-up just one of them is still positive
for a LR inhibitor.
Conclusion: Inhibitor incidence in our population is 16%. The incidence of inhibitor in patients exclusively treated with either rFVIII or
pdFVIII is 15% and 21% respectively. Mild or moderate hemophilia
A patients did not develop inhibitors. No missense mutations were
detected in our inhibitor patients. Eleven/15 patients developed an
inhibitor after <50 EDs (five patients <20 EDs) .
PO260-TUE
Systematic literature review of economics analyses
comparing APCC and rFVIIa across on-demand,
prophylaxis and surgery
Mehta D and Hay J
Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Economics & Policy,
Leonard D. Schaeffer Center for Health Policy and Economics,
School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los
Angeles, USA
Background: Prior systematic reviews on economic comparison of activated prothrombin complex (aPCC) & recombinant factor VIIa
(rFVIIa) reviewed studies related to on-demand (OD) bleeds in hemophilia inhibitor patients. The bypassing agents (BA) are also used for
prophylaxis & surgery. Given the economic burden of BA it is crucial
to have valid cost-effectiveness estimates for BA across all three indications.
Aims: To conduct a systematic review of economic studies comparing
BA (i.e. aPCC and rFVIIa) across OD, prophylaxis & surgery indications.
Methods: Biosis preview, Embase & Medline were searched (1993
2014) for published economic studies comparing BAs. Information on
ABSTRACTS
sponsorship, study design, model assumptions and results were collected and evaluated for each study.
Results: A total of 17 economic studies were included in the review
(OD = 16; prophylaxis = 2; surgery = 1). The majority of the studies
were sponsored by aPCC (n = 4) or rFVIIa (n = 10) manufacturer. All
studies adopted a third-party payer perspective. A majority (n = 11) of
OD economic models used similar decision tree & assessed cost/bleeding episode. One OD study assessed differential cost saving with use of
bypass therapy assay testing. The assumptions on BA efficacy and dosing drove study conclusions. A cost minimization analysis that
assumed equal efficacy favors aPCC in OD. The surgery economic
model assessed cost savings across BA dosage regimen in orthopedic
surgery patients. The prophylaxis studies were conducted from a retrospective perspective and studied prophylaxis cost in conjunction with
OD costs. All but one study favored their sponsors product. Although
studies were few, limited information available in the prophylaxis and
surgery indications tend to be in favor of aPCC treatment.
Conclusion: Although clinical superiority hasnt been scientifically
established for either BA, across indications and studies, clinical
parameter assumptions drove the cost-effectiveness conclusions for
each BA.
Disclosure of Interest: D. Mehta Grant/Research Support from: Baxter
International Inc., J. Hay Grant/Research Support from: Baxter International Inc.
PO261-TUE
Addressing the gap in treatment adherence:
development of the hemophilia joint visualizer tool
Takedani H1, Solimeno L2, Saxena K3 and Mathew P3
1
Research Hospital of the Institute of Medical Science, The
a Granda
University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; 2IRCCS C
Foundation Maggiore Hospital of Milan, Milan, Italy; 3Bayer
HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, Whippany, USA
Background: Prophylaxis with replacement clotting factor prevents
bleeding episodes and arthropathy, thus preserving joint function and
improving quality of life (QOL) for persons with hemophilia.
Aims: To evaluate adherence patterns and develop an educational tool
to visualize long-term impact of non-adherence on the joints.
Methods: Patients on prophylaxis were evaluated via 3-week diary and
survey in a quantitative segmentation study (N = 181). Those with low
adherence (2 missed scheduled infusions in 3 months; n = 51) were
assessed for treatment behaviors. A web-based hemophilia joint visualizer (HJV) tool was developed to visualize the long-term impact of
short-term choices on joint health.
Results: Non-adherence was reported in 40% of prophylaxis patients,
with an average 5 infusions missed in 3 months. Risk for discontinuing
prophylaxis was 15%. Non-adherence was associated with disease
condition, patient attitude, infusion routine and relationship with
healthcare provider (HCP). Among non-adherent patients, 38% unintentionally missed infusions; 45% intentionally skipped infusions due
to self-management of schedules or belief that infusing is related to
activity level. Intentional skippers believed that bleeding frequency
was not impacted by strict schedule adherence. The HJV tool was
developed as an educational tool to aid HCPs in communicating the
value of prophylaxis on long-term joint health. The tool personalizes a
patients experience based on prophylaxis time, age and adherence,
and presents a visual impact assessment for those who are non-adherent or who switch to on-demand therapy. An individualized joint profile summary is provided, which facilitates discussion with HCPs
about impact of projected joint health on activities.
Conclusion: Non-adherence to prophylaxis can lead to deteriorating
joint function and QOL in persons with hemophilia. The HJV tool
may be valuable for improving adherence through education about
long-term impact of non-adherence on joint health.
603
Disclosure of Interest: H. Takedani Consultant for: Bayer, Speaker

Bureau of: Bayer, Baxter, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, Kakestuken, L. Solimeno Consultant for: Bayer, Baxter, Novo Nordisk, K. Saxena
Employee of: Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, P. Mathew
Employee of: Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals.
PO262-TUE
rVIII-singlechain pharmacokinetics in adults,
adolescents and children
Mahlangu J1, Lepatan LM2, Vilchevska K3, Oldenburg J4,
Stasyshyn O5, Fischer K6, Iosava G7, Khayat CD8, Simpson M9,
Wang M10, Kennedy DB11, France N11, St. Ledger K11,
Limsakun T11, Pabinger I12 and on behalf of for the AFFINITY
Study Group
1
Johannesburg, South Africa; 2Perpetual Succour Hospital, Cebu,
Philippines; 3National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine,
Donetsk, Ukraine, 4Universitaetsklinikum Bonn, Bonn, Germany;
5
Institute of Blood Pathology and Transfusion Medicine of
National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine;
6
UMCU, Utrecht, The Netherlands; 7Medinvest Institute of
Hematology and Transfusiology, Tiblisi, Georgia; 8Hotel-Dieu de
France University Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon; 9Rush University
Medical Center, Chicago; 10University of Colorado School of
Medicine, Aurora; 11CSL Behring, King of Prussia, USA;
12
Universitaetsklinik fuer Innere Medizin I, Vienna, Austria
Background: rVIII-SingleChain, a novel recombinant Factor VIII
(rFVIII), has been designed as a B-domain truncated construct with a
covalent bound between the heavy and light chain, aiming for a higher
binding affinity to von Willebrand Factor (vWF). Since vWF is one of
the main determinants of FVIII plasma survival, this increased binding
affinity might translate into improved pharmacokinetics of rVIII-SingleChain.
Aims: Two studies investigated the pharmacokinetics (PK) of rVIIISingleChain, one in children (<12 years, ongoing) and the other in
adolescents and adults (12-<18 and 1865 years) with severe Hemophilia A.
Methods: The studies were approved by the relevant Ethics committee
and national authorities and conducted according to GCP and the
Declaration of Helsinki. PK samples of rVIII-SingleChain were collected prior to infusion (pre-dose) and at 0.5, 1, 4, 8, 10, 24, 32, 48, 72
and 96 h post-infusion in adults and adolescents and prior to infusion
(pre-dose) 1, 4 to 6, 10, 24, and 48 h post-infusion in children. Plasma
FVIII activity was measured in the blood samples using the chromogenic substrate assay.
Results: The preliminary PK results are as following. In adults and
adolescents (n = 35), the mean PK parameters after rFVIII-SingleChain dosing were 14.1 h for t1/2, 2.89 mL h1 kg1 for CL, 20.2 h
for MRT and 1931 IU*h dL1 for AUCinf. In the younger children
(0-<6 years, n = 6), they were 8.7 h for t1/2, 5.26 mL h1 kg1 for CL,
11.4 h for MRT and 987 IU*h dL1 for AUCinf. In the older children
(6-<12 years, n = 6), they were 10.0 h for t1/2, 4.71 mL h1 kg1 for
CL, 12.7 h for MRT and 1169 IU*h dL1 for AUCinf.
Conclusion: The increased binding of rVIII-SingleChain to vWF translates into favorable pharmacokinetics without the need for glycopegylation or fusion to antibody fragments. Expectedly, mean t1/2 was
shorter and mean CL greater in children compared to adults and adolescents.
Disclosure of Interest: J. Mahlangu: None declared, L. Lepatan: None
declared, K. Vilchevska: None declared, J. Oldenburg: None declared,
O. Stasyshyn: None declared, K. Fischer: None declared, G. Iosava:
None declared, C. Djambas Khayat: None declared, M. Simpson:
None declared, M. Wang: None declared, D. Bensen Kennedy
604
ABSTRACTS
Employee of: CSL Behring, N. France Employee of: CSL Behring, K.

St. Ledger Employee of: CSL Behring, T. Limsakun Employee of:
CSL Behring, I. Pabinger: None declared.
Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
(HIT) I
PO263-TUE
Argatroban in the management of heparin-induced
thrombocytopenia type II: an open-label, multicenter
clinical trial in France
Tardy B1, Nguyen P2, Thiranos J-C3, Morange P-E4, Andr
eani CB5,
6
7
8
9
Gruel Y , Morel J , Wynckel A , Grunebaum L , VillacortaTorres J10, Grosjean S11 and De Maistre E12
1
Laboratory of Haematology, CHU, Saint-Etienne; 2Laboratory of
Haematology, CHU, Reims; 3Anesthesiology Unit, CHU,
Strasbourg; 4Laboratory of Haematology, CHU, La Timone,
Marseille; 5Laboratory of Haematology, CHU, Montpellier;
6
Laboratory of haematology, CHU, Tours; 7Intensive Care Unit,
CHU, Saint-Etienne; 8Cardiology and Vascular Diseases, CHU,
Reims; 9Laboratory of haematology, CHU, Strasbourg; 10Intensive
care Unit, CHU, Marseille; 11Intensive Care Medicine;
12
Laboratory of Haematology, CHU, Dijon, France
Background: Argatroban is a synthetic thrombin inhibitor that offers
potential benefit to critically ill patients with Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia Type II (HIT).
Aims: To collect data in France in patients with HIT who were eligible
for parenteral antithrombotic therapy with argatroban.
Methods: 20 patients (mean age 72 10) were enrolled in this openlabel, multicenter clinical study and treated in 7 centers over a period
of 15 months. Argatroban treatment was monitored using aPTT and
anti IIa activity.
Results: The diagnosis of HIT was confirmed in 16 subjects by an independent scientific committee. Fourteen patients (70%) were in an
intensive care unit (ICU) during the course of the study. Patients were
treated with argatroban for a mean duration of 8.5 6.1 days. The
mean starting dose of argatroban was 0.77 0.45 lg kg1 min1 and
remained stable all over the period of treatment (mean dose:
0.78 0.44 lg kg1 min1).
Platelet
recovery
was
rapid
(147 89 g L1 on day 3, 215 102 g L1 on last day of treatment).
aPTT and anti-IIa activity assays were used to monitor the dose of
argatroban. The mean baseline aPTT value was 45.0 9.8 s and
increased to 78.2 35.8 s 2 h after initiating argatroban. At this time
mean
argatroban
concentration
was
0.28 0.34
and
0.38 0.31 lg mL1 using ECT and TT measurements respectively.
New and/or extended thromboses were reported in 25% of patients
and major bleedings were documented in 15%. Six patients died due
to their underlying medical condition. No amputations were reported.
Conclusion: In ICU setting, argatroban can be safely used for the treatment of HIT in elderly and frail patients who present at the same time
a high thrombotic and hemorrhagic risk. Because aPTT baseline is
more often prolonged in ICU patients, anti IIa activity can be useful
to monitor the treatment. However, it has to be taken into account
when monitoring argatroban that the 2 assays measuring anti IIa
activity do not give superimposable results.
Disclosure of Interest: B. Tardy Consultant for: Mitsubishi Tanabe
Pharma Corporation, LFB, P. Nguyen: None declared, J.-C. Thiranos: None declared, P.-E. Morange Consultant for: Leo pharma,
BMS-Pfizer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bayer healthcare, C. Biron
Andreani: None declared, Y. Gruel: None declared, J. Morel: None
declared, A. Wynckel: None declared, L. Grunebaum: None declared,
J. Villacorta-Torres: None declared, S. Grosjean: None declared, E.
De Maistre Consultant for: LFB.
PO264-TUE
Case report: dabigatran use in a postoperative
orthopedic patient with heparin induced
thrombocytopenia
Goncalves L1, Leite A1, Gomes H1, Freixo A1, Fonseca L2,
Carvalho M1, Bettencourt P2,3 and Araujo F1,3
1
Transfusion Medicine and Blood Bank; 2Internal Medicine, S~
ao
Jo~
ao Hospital; 3Medicine Faculty, Oporto University, Porto,
Portugal
Background: Heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is an adverse
effect of heparin therapy. Approved treatment is parenteral direct
thrombin inhibitors, which require frequent monitoring, can cause
serious bleeding and are expensive. Dabigatran, an oral direct thrombin inhibitor, can be an alternative therapy.
Aims: To present a case in which dabigatran was used off-label for the
treatment of HIT, after approval by local ethical committee.
Methods: A 67 years old woman was submitted to a total knee replacement and began enoxaparin 40 mg day1 12 h after surgery. Ten days
later she presented with severe headaches, without trauma. A computed tomography (CT) scan identified an intracranial hemorrhage
due to a bleeding transformation of a cerebral venous thrombosis.
Laboratory tests results were: hemoglobin 9.3 g dL1, platelet count
(plt) 58 9 109 L1 (preoperative plt: 208 x109 L1), CrCl
65 mL min1, normal coagulation tests, D-Dimers 52 lg mL1
(N < 0.5). Several thrombotic events were diagnosed: right cavernous
sinus thrombosis, left internal jugular vein thrombosis, right renal
arterial thrombosis, deep venous thrombosis of right leg and pulmonary embolism.
Results: HIT was suspected (pretest clinical score: 8) and heparin/PF4
antibodies detection tests performed were positive. After repeating CT
scan, argatroban was begun on day 2 (dose 2 mg kg1 min1) with
periodic titration. On day 19, plt remained low (81 x109 L1). It was
decided to switch to dabigatran 150 mg bid, according to an investigator study. Plt count increased to 147 9 109 L1 at day 4 of dabigatran
and remained normal. Patient was discharged on day 34 with clinical
recovery.
Conclusion: This case illustrates the severity of thrombotic events of
HIT. Argatroban is the approved therapy but had no success in this
case. Dabigatran can be an attractive option due to its oral administration, no monitoring needed and low bleeding risk. It has been used in
few cases of HIT. Further information is needed to determine its efficacy and safety.
PO265-TUE
Rivaroxaban for treatment of heparin induced
thrombocytopenia
Mukhi N1, Kirti FNU2, Lim HI3 and Batuman O1
1
Hematology/oncology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center,
Brooklyn; 2Medicine, Kettering Medical Center, Kettering;
3
Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital at Weill Cornell,
New York, USA
Background: HIT is a pro-thrombotic and potentially lethal disorder
caused by antibodies against platelet factor 4 (PF4)/heparin complexes. Apart from increased morbidity and mortality, it also leads to
increased length of hospital stay and significant health care costs.
Aims: To describe a case of HIT successfully treated with Rivaroxaban.
Methods: An 84-year-old gentleman presented with new onset altered
mental status. On physical exam, he had Chenye-Stokes breathing and
was responsive to painful stimuli. CT head did not show any bleed,
hence he received tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA). His initial com-
ABSTRACTS
plete blood count showed WBC of 7.97 k mm3, hemoglobin
13.8 g dL1 and Platelets 203 k lL1. He was started on DVT prophylaxis 24 h post t-PA with Heparin 5000 units subcutaneous Q8 h.
On day 4, platelets dropped to 72 k mm3. On Day 5, patient developed a spontaneous left brachial vein thrombosis. His 4T pretest probability score for HIT was 7 (high).
Results: His heparin was discontinued and he was started on Rivaroxaban 15 mg orally twice a day for 21 days followed by 20 mg Qdaily.
His heparin induced platelet antibody was elevated at 0.415. His serotonin release assay was positive at 20% confirming the diagnosis of
HIT. His platelet count improved on Rivaroxaban to 229 k mm3 by
Day 13. Three months post HIT; his platelets continue to be stable.
Conclusion: Rivaroxaban is an oral direct Factor-Xa inhibitor shown
to be effective in prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE); and in stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation. Its role in
HIT has not be studied or established. Two independent in vitro studies have shown Rivaroxaban has no effect on the interaction of PF4 or
anti-PF4/heparin Abs with platelets. Our case demonstrates its utility
in successful management of HIT. Although a larger sample size is
required to establish its efficacy and risk profile in HIT patients, in vitro
studies and theoretical explanation supports its use as a plausible alternative to direct thrombin inhibitors.
PO266-TUE
The incidence of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in
critically ill medical patients
Vichitratchaneekorn R, Akkawat B, Rojnuckarin P and Uaprasert N
Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
Background: Thrombocytopenia is very common in critically ill medical patients and heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is often one
of the major concerns. Our previously reported series revealed that
these patients comprised the majority of the documented HIT cases,
but they often showed falsely low pre-test probability scores due to the
concomitant illnesses. However, the data of HIT in this group is lacking.
Aims: This study aimed to determine the incidences of positive HIT
antibody (HITAb) and HIT development in medical critical care units.
Methods: We performed a prospective cohort of critically ill medical
patients, who received any forms of heparin between November 2013
and December 2014 at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital.
Blood samples from all patients were collected for a platelet factor 4/
heparin-particle gel immunoassay (PaGIA) at day 7 after heparin
exposure. Cases yielding PaGIA+ were subject to perform the heparininduced platelet aggregation (HPA) test to confirm HIT diagnosis.
Results: There were 105 patients enrolled. The mean age was
65.1 18 years. Fifty five (52.4%) were female. Ninety four (89.5%)
had a fall in platelets >30%. Of 18 (17.1%) with PaGIA+, there was
only 1 (0.9%) confirmed HIT by HPA. Cases with PaGIA+ were
found in 11/86 (12.8%), 6/17 (35.3%) and 1/2 (50%) in low, intermediate and high probability of the 4Ts score, respectively. The PaGIA+
results were found more frequently in cases using unfractionated heparin than in cases using low molecular weight heparin (16/82, 19.5% vs.
2/23, 8.7% P = 0.35). However, there were no variables significantly
associated with a positive HITAb screening in multivariate analysis.
The documented HIT case received enoxaparin due to atrial fibrillation with unstable hemodynamics and yielded the 4Ts score of 6 and
the HEP score of 11.
Conclusion: The incidences of positive HITAb screening and confirmed
HIT in critically ill medical patients in our cohortwere 17.1% and
0.9%, respectively. The patient enrolment of this study is ongoing.
605
PO267-TUE
Evaluating efficacy, safety and compliance of
argatroban dosing nomogram at Canadian teaching
hospital
Saini H1, Wong G2, Huh J-H2, Brien B2, Murphy L2 and Woods A2
1
University of Toronto; 2University Health Network, Toronto,
Canada
Background: Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is an immunemediated adverse drug reaction. Direct thrombin inhibitors, like argatroban, are used to treat HIT. An argatroban dosing nomogram is
used at University Health Network.
Aims: Evaluate 3 key areas of nomogram: efficacy, safety and percent
compliance
Methods: Patients who received argatroban from July 2012 to February 2013 were retrospectively identified using dispensing data.
Efficacy outcome was defined as time to therapeutic activated partial
thromboplastin time (aPTT).
Safety outcome was defined as blood transfusion following drop in
hemoglobin 10 g L1.
Percent compliance was defined as number of infusion rate-change
decisions that followed the nomogram, divided by the total for each
patient.
Electronic patient records were used to obtain data such as infusion
rate changes, aPTTs, blood transfusions administered etc.
Results: of 17 identified patients, enzyme immunoassays were performed for 16 patients; 11 were positive. Additionally, 6 out of 9
patients were confirmed HIT positive with serotonin release assays.
For efficacy and compliance analysis 14 patients were included based
on having >1 argatroban rate change.
Eight patients reached therapeutic, as predefined by the nomogram,
aPTT of 7595. Median time to first therapeutic aPTT was 2.5 days
(Interquartile range (IQR) 23.25).
Five patients experienced bleeds during argatroban therapy with a
median hemoglobin drop of 14.5 g L1 (IQR 10.7578). Median
aPTT at time of bleeds was 83 (IQR 52.592).
Preliminary data showed no thrombotic events despite subtherapeutic
aPTTs.
Compliance was calculated for each patient with a median compliance
of 100% (IQR 77.68100).
Conclusion: Many patients receiving >2 days of therapy had subtherapeutic aPTTs as predefined by the nomogram regardless of appropriate infusion rate increases suggesting that the desired range of aPTT is
too high.
No relationship between aPTT and bleeds was apparent.
While the nomogram was easy and safe to follow, aPTT targets need
to be re-evaluated.
PO268-TUE
Rapid functional assay for heparin-induced
thrombocytopenia using a practical flow cytometry
approach
Cipok M, Kay S, Bar On S, Kirgner I, Tomer A and Deutsch V
The Hematology Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel
Aviv, Israel
Background: Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is characterized by thrombocytopenia and thrombotic complications secondary to
the formation of IgG antibodies against heparin-platelet-factor 4
(PF4) complexes that bind to platelet FC receptors. This is followed
by events including platelet activation, aggregation and rapid elimination of platelets, associated with morbidity and mortality. Common
laboratory testing, required for the confirmation of HIT, is based on
606
ABSTRACTS
immune detection of antibodies to the PF4/heparin complex. However, these assays have low specificity, compared to the platelet functional assays. The gold standard functional test for detecting plateletactivating antibodies is the [14C] serotonin-release assay (14C-SRA)
(Sheridan D. et al, Blood 1986;67:27), is not commonly performed as
it includes the use of a radiolabeled C14 and requires expertise to
obtain reliable results.
Aims: To overcome limitations of the current assays, we modified a
functional flow-cytometry assay (FCA) which exhibits high sensitivity
and specificity (Tomer A. et al, Am J Hematol 1999;61:53). This assay,
similar to the 14C-SRA, determines the capacity of the patients serum
to activate platelets in the presence of heparin, using a fluorescent
probe.
Methods: Consecutive samples from 457 patients clinically suspected
for HIT were tested. The FCA assay was compared with the standard
ID-H/PF4 PaGIA assay (DiaMed, Switzerland) with two added dilutions to assess specificity (Nellen V. et al, Haematologica 2012;97:89).
Results: Seventeen percent (77/457) of all samples were positive by PaGIA, compared to 3.3% (15/457) positive by FCA. The number of PaGIA positive samples was reduced to 7% (31/457) by 1:16 dilution and
to 4% (17/457) by 1:32 dilution. All FCA positive samples were PaGIA positive (RS 88%). All PaGIA negative samples were FCA negative (RS 100%).
Conclusion: The results suggest that the functional FCA is a rapid sensitive and highly specific test for the reliable diagnosis of HIT.
PO269-TUE
Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and calibrated
J-M1 and Mullier F2
Minet V1, Bouckaert C1, Dogne
1
Department of Pharmacy, University of Namur, Namur;
2
Hematology Department, CHU Dinant Godinne UCL Namur,
Godinne, Belgium
Background: Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a severe
adverse drug reaction of heparin treatment. Platelets activated by HIT
sera generate procoagulant platelet-derived microparticles, leading to
thrombin generation. Tardy et al. demonstrated with thrombin generation assay the central paradox of HIT, i.e. a procoagulant effect in
presence of heparin.
Aims: The primary objective of this study was to optimize our protocol
of thrombin generation assay. The second objective was to test HIT
suspected patients to determine if thrombinography might have a
place in the diagnosis of HIT.
Methods: Thrombin generation was assessed by the calibrated automated thrombogram. Different parameters were evaluated for the
development of this assay. Three inducers were tested. Two low concentrations of unfractionated heparin (UFH) were evaluated: 0.2 and
1 IU mL1. To ensure heparin dependence of platelet activation, a
condition with a high concentration of UFH at 100 IU mL1 was
investigated. Protamine was used to inhibit anticoagulant heparin
effect in the experiment. Patients suspected of HIT with a positive
(n = 10) and a negative diagnosis (n = 37) were tested with the optimized protocol.
Results: PRP-Reagent was selected as the inducer reagent. Donor PRP
and patient PPP were incubated with saline or UFH at 0.2 IU mL1.
Among HIT-positive patients, the addition of UFH enhanced the
thrombin generation, showing a HIT thrombogram profile. Among
the HIT-negative patients, 9 patients presented an unexpected HIT
thrombogram profile. This discrepancy is not yet addressed. Besides,
studies on the activity and amount of platelet-derived microparticles
are ongoing.
Conclusion: HIT thrombogram profile demonstrates the procoagulant
effect in presence of heparin for HIT positive patients. In this pilot
study, a high number of false positive was obtained suggesting that

thrombin generation assay may not be a useful diagnosis assay for
HIT.
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) II

PO270-TUE
The role of cellular immunity in children with
idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
Erduran E, Celikturk F, Reis GP and Bahadir A
Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Karadeniz Technical University,
Trabzon, Turkey
Background: To evaluate the role of cellular immunity in idiopathic
thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP).
Aims: To indicate the role of Th1 and Th2 lymphocytes and and cytokine profiles released from Th1 lymphocytes and Th2 lymphocytes in
patients with acute ITP in the pathogenesis of acute and chronic ITP.
Methods: The study included 23 patients with acut ITP, ten patients
with chronic ITP, and 14 healthy children as the control. IFNc, IL-4
and TGF-b1 levels were evaluated in patients with acute ITP at the
diagnosis, and in responder and non-responder patients after IVIG
and high dose methylprednisolone (HDMPZ) therapy and in patients
with chronic ITP.
Results: IFNc and IFNc/IL-4 values of the patients with acute ITP at
the time of diagnosis were not statistically higher than the controls
(P = 0.47 and P = 0.06, respectively) and TGF-b1 was lower compared to the controls (P = 0.001). IFNc, TGF-b1, and IFNc/IL-4 values of the patients with chronic ITP were lower than the controls
(P > 0.02, P = 0.37, and P = 0.06, respectively). IFNc and IFNc/IL-4
values in patients with chronic ITP were lower than the patients with
acute ITP (P = 0.01), IFNc and IFNc/IL-4 values in patients with
acute ITP who responded or did not respond to therapy were higher
than the controls (P = 0.01), and there was no statistically significant
difference between TGF-b1 levels (P = 0.10). IFNc/IL-4 values of
patients with acute ITP who were unresponsive to the therapy were
higher compared to the values of responders (P = 0.08), and TGF-b1
and IL-4 levels were lower compared to responders (P = 0.10,
P = 0.39, respectively).
Conclusion: The findings revealed that the pathogenesis of acute ITP is
associated with cellular immunity such as T lymphocytes, monocytes
and macrophages; however, cellular immunity cannot be directly
implicated in chronic ITP, and other factors might have played a role
in its pathogenesis.
PO271-TUE
Diagnosis of venous thromboembolism during
eltrombopag therapy for immune thrombocytopenia
and successful replacement with romiplostim
Amit O, Kirgner I and Avivi I
Hematology and Bone Marrow Unit, Tel Aviv Medical Center,
Tel Aviv, Israel
Background: There has been growing evidence concerning the development of venous thromboembolism (VTE) during eltrombopag
therapy in patients with refractory immune thrombocytopenic
purpura (ITP). However, the feasibility of switching between
thrombomimetic agents post VTE development has not been fully
explored to date.
ABSTRACTS
Methods: We present clinical data from 2 female patients, (75 and
68 years old) diagnosed with refractory ITP (after failing at least steroids and rituximab), who developed VTE during eltrombopag therapy and were then successfully transferred to romiplostim.
Results: VTE events pulmonary embolism (PE) and sinus vein
thrombosis (SVT), were diagnosed at 30 and 58 days respectively post
initiation of eltrombopag. Platelet (PLT) counts at thrombomimetic
initiation were 4000 ll1 (PE) and 10,000 lL1 (SVT) and at the time
of VTE development were <50,000 lL1. Neither of these patients
were suitable for a splenectomy due to various co-morbidities. Upon
diagnosis of VTE, eltrombopag was stopped and enoxaparin initiated
for one patient. A superior vena cava filter was inserted for the patient
with PE, due to an inability to administer anticoagulation in the presence of a very low PLT count (<10,000 lL1). Romiplostim was introduced at 15 and 100 days post VTE. PLT counts at that time were
13,000 and 15,000 lL1 respectively and increased within 14 days. To
date, one patient has received romiplostim for 26 months (in combination with enoxaparin) and the other for 2 months with no new embolic
events.
Conclusion: These case reports support the feasibility of replacing eltrombopag therapy with romiplostim in conjunction with anticoagulation, for patients diagnosed with VTE during treatment with
eltrombopag for refractory ITP.
PO272-TUE
Re-evaluation of need for bone marrow examination in
patients with isolated thrombocytopenia treated with
steroids as first line therapy
Aggarwal M, Purohit A, Mishra P, Seth T, Tyagi S, Mahapatra M,
Pati HP and Saxena R
Hematology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi,
India, New Delhi, India
Background: Diagnosis of Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is based
on clinical suspicion and normal peripheral smear except for thrombocytopenia. Bone marrow examination is carried out to rule out leukemia, MDS or aplastic anemia. However, in most cases, clinical
diagnosis is not altered after the bone marrow reports. Hence, this
present study was carried out to evaluate the justification for bone
marrow examination in the setting of isolated thrombocytopenia.
Aims: To study the need for bone marrow examination in isolated
thrombocytopenia.
Methods: All patients presenting with isolated thrombocytopenia and
suspected diagnosis of ITP, between October 2011 and April 2013,
were included. Data was collected from bone marrow reports and outpatient records.
Results: A total of 353 cases were found. Three hundred and nineteen
cases were having features of typical ITP and the rest 34 cases had mild
organomegaly or lymphadenopathy. There were 14 (3.9%) patients
more than 60 years of age, 143 (40.51%) in the age group 1940 years
and the remaining <18 years. The most common symptom was petechiae (75.92%), epistaxis (32.86%), menorrhagia in 30.9% females.
Twenty-four patients also had fever and 29 (8.2%) had weakness. One
hundred and eighty-seven patients had newly diagnosed ITP, 82 had
persistent ITP and 84 had chronic ITP.
All cases were managed as ITP, and none of them have developed features to suggest an alternate diagnosis on followup (median follow up
48 months; range 12144 months). Bone marrow examination in all
cases revealed normal hematopoietic elements and prominence of
megakaryocytes including juvenile forms with no novel diagnosis in
any patient.
Conclusion: Routine use of bone marrow examination in the diagnostic
workup of isolated thrombocytopenia is unnecessary in our center
even if steroids are planned as a first line therapy. However, a detailed
607
history, thorough examination with complete hemogram and peripheral smear examination are necessary to avoid a bone marrow examination. A bone marrow examination is to be advised in the presence of
any atypical feature
PO273-TUE
Glycoprotein IBa clustering induces macrophagemediated platelet clearance in the liver
Yan R, Chen M and Dai K
Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou,
China
Background: Many immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) patients, particularly patients with anti-glycoprotein (GP) Ib-IX autoantibodies, do
not respond to the conventional treatments such as splenectomy.
However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear.
Aims: To investigate the mechanism of anti-GPIb-IX autoantibodies
induced platelet clearance.
Methods: Antibodies-induced platelet aggregation was detected by an
optical aggregometer. GPIba clustering was measured by Fluorescence
Resonance Energy Transfer. Antibodies-induced platelets depletion
and rescue experiments were performed in guinea pigs and cynomolgus
macaques. Platelet distribution after antibody-mediated depletion was
detected by in vivo Imaging System (IVIS), immunohistochemistry and
immunofluorescence microscopy.
Results: We found that anti-GPIba N-terminus antibody AN51, but
not other anti-GPIba antibodies (AK2, HIP1, VM16d, or WM23),
induced integrin aIIbb3-dependent platelet aggregation. FRET result
showed that AN51 induced obvious GPIba clustering but not VM16d.
After intravenous injection, AN51 dose-dependently induced thrombocytopenia in guinea pigs, and the platelets were mainly removed by
macrophages in the liver. N-aceltyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc), previously shown to inhibited aMb2-mediated phagocytosis of refrigerated
platelets, showed dose-dependent inhibition of AN51-induced platelet
destruction. Furthermore, AN51 but not VM16d, induced rapid platelet clearance in the liver of cynomolgus macaques. Five of twenty-two
chronic ITP patients had anti-GPIba autoantibodies, and the autoantibodies from four of the five patients competed with AN51 for binding to platelets.
Conclusion: GPIba clustering induced by anti-GPIba N-terminus antibody causes integrin aIIbb3-dependent platelet aggregation, phagocytosis, and rapid platelet clearance in the liver. Our findings reveal a novel
Fc-independent mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of ITP, and
suggest new therapeutic strategies for ITP patients with anti-GPIba
autoantibodies.
PO274-TUE
Extended platelet parameters as a means to
differentiate immune thrombocytopenia from
hypoproliferative thrombocytopenias
Melinscak H, Mirzoyev T and Varma M
Background: Immune thrombocytopenenia [ITP] remains a diagnosis
of exclusion. The Siemens ADVIA 120 has the capacity to calculate
the mean platelet [PLT] component [MPC], a measure of platelet density, and the mean platelet mass [MPM], neither of which are currently
employed in clinical decision making.
Aims: To determine if the MPC and MPM are significantly higher in
ITP (reflecting increased platelet granules) than in hypoproliferative
thrombocytopenia (HT).
608
ABSTRACTS
Methods: Institutional review board approval was obtained. A prospective study was initiated in September 2013. This trial is registered
at ClinicalTrials.gov. Patients at Mount Sinai Roosevelt Hospital with
ITP, as defined by the ASH 2011 practice guidelines, and HTs (delineated in Results section) were included. Patients with human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C, cirrhosis, pregnancy, and disseminated
intravascular coagulation were excluded. Enrollment of 20 patients in
each arm was planned. Lavender tri-potassium EDTA tubes were
filled and analyzed on the Siemens ADVIA 120 within a period not
exceeding 2 h from their collection. MPC and MPM values between
ITP and HT patients were compared utilizing the students t-test.
Results: Twenty patients with ITP and 20 patients with HT (4 aplastic
anemia, 8 chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia, 3 myelodysplasia, 1 acute myelogenous leukemia, 1 hairy cell leukemia, 1 multiple
myeloma, and 2 drug-induced thrombocytopenia (valproic acid, imatinib) were enrolled. Baseline characteristics were similar. Median age,
M:F ratio, and mean PLT count were 54 years, 0.67:1, and
62,500 lL1 (ITP) and 60.5 years, 1:1, and 53,900 lL1 (HT),
P > 0.05. MPC (g dL1, mean SD) was 26.4 1.89 (ITP) and
24.2 1.89 (HT), P < 0.01. MPM (pg, mean SD) was
2.46 0.474 (ITP) and 1.95 0.210 (HT), P < 0.01.
Conclusion: MPC and particularly the MPM are significantly higher in
ITP than in HT. Extended platelet parameters hold promise for distinguishing ITP from other thrombocytopenias.
PO275-TUE
Treatment of atraumatic splenic rupture in an
adolescent with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
and autoimmune cytopenias: a case report
Natesirinilkul R1, Charoenkwan P2, Chartapisak W2,
Ruangrongrat S1, Opastirakul S1, Sandhu T3 and Jutavijittum P4
1
Paediatrics, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai; 2Paediatrics,
Chiang Mai University, Chaing Mai; 3Surgery; 4Pathology,
Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
Background: Atraumatic rupture of spleen is a rare but life-threatening
complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Management of
atraumatic splenic rupture in a patient with SLE who has active autoimmune cytopenias is challenging.
Aims: To report the hemostatic management in a patient with SLE
who had active autoimmune cytopenias and atraumatic rupture of
spleen and required an urgent abdominal surgery.
Methods: We reported a patient with SLE who had atraumatic rupture
of spleen with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) and immune
thrombocytopenia (ITP).
Results: A 17-year-old Thai girl with SLE had a new onset of gum
bleeding and pallor. Complete blood count showed low hemoglobin
(Hb) 5.9 g dL1 and platelet count (plt) 16,000 mm3 with positive
Coombs tests and increased reticulocyte count (RC). She was treated
with pulse methylprednisolone 1 g for 3 days followed by oral prednisolone, however, the condition did not improve. On the 4th day of
admission, she developed acute abdominal pain with guarding and
more pallor. Her Hb and plt decreased to 3.9 g dL1 and 7000 mm3,
respectively. Serum amylase and lipase were normal. Computed tomography (CT) of abdomen revealed a large hematoma in gastrohepatic
region and ruptured pseudoaneurysm of left gastric artery. She received
pulse methylprednisolone 1 g for 3 days, intravenous immunoglobulin
(IVIG) 40 g for 2 days, tranexamic acid, most-compatible red blood
cell concentrate 260 ml and platelet concentrate (PC) 8 units (U) before
undergoing splenectony. During surgery, she bled 300 ml and received
PC 6 U, cryoprecipitate 8 U and recombinant activated factor 3600 lg.
She was admitted for 4 weeks and discharged uneventfully.
Conclusion: Atraumatic splenic rupture should be considered as a
cause of acute abdomen in patients with SLE developed progressive
abdominal pain. Hemostatic control in patients with active autoimmune cytopenias during the major surgery could be achieved by multimodality treatment.
PO276-TUE
CD70 molecule involved in the dendritic cells
dysfuntion in patients with immune thrombocytopenia
Xian Z1, Zeping Z2, Yating H1, Donglei Z1, Huiyuan L1 and
Renchi Y1
1
Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Tianjin;
2
The second affiliated hospital of Kunming medical college,
Kunming, China
Background: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder. Dysfunction of dendritic cells (DCs) is considered to be
involved in the pathogenesis of ITP. CD70 is transiently and stimulation-dependently expressed on DCs. There had been reports showing
that CD70 was over-expressed in lymphocytes of ITP patients and
anti-CD70 antibodies could rectify the over-apoptosis of platelets
caused by auto-antibodies in ITP patients.
Aims: This study aimed to investigate the function of CD70 in DCs of
ITP patients.
Methods: Mature DCs were induced from the isolated CD14+ leukocytes from PBMCs of ITP patients and normal controls. CD4+ T
cells, CD4+CD25 T cells and CD19+B cells from normal controls
were also isolated. Induced DCs stimulated by anti-CD70 or not were
then sent to coculture at 1:5 and 1:10 ratio with normal CD4+ T cells
and B cells. Then the proliferation and the cytokine secretion were
tested. DCs were also cocultured at 1:2 and 1:5 ratio with
CD4+CD25 T cells. Five days later Treg cells differentiation were
detected and the cells proliferation and the cytokine secretion related
to Tregs were also determined.
Results: DCs from ITP patients expressed lower CD1a, suggesting
there might be maturation disorder existing. In the coculture with
CD4+ T cells, both DCs from ITP patients and normal controls stimulated by anti-CD70 could promote the proliferation of T cells and the
Th1-related cytokine secretion at any ratio. And the promotion was
more significant in stimulated DCs from ITP patients. for Tregs differentiation, DCs from normal controls could induce larger percent of
Tregs from CD4+CD25 T cells than ITP patients. Meanwhile, the
DCs stimulated by anti-CD70 induced less Tregs than DCs without
stimultion at any ratio in ITP patients, and anti-CD70 also decreased
the cells proliferation of Tregs differentiation.
Conclusion: The presence of anti-CD70 promoted the hyper-function
in DCs of ITP patients, presented as the enhancing of the CD4+ T
cells proliferation and the weakening of Tregs differentiation.
PO277-TUE
Megakaryocytes and macrophage -lymphocyte
interactions in vitro in patients with immune
thrombocytopenia
Saralidze T1, Shvelidze T2, Metreveli B3 and Saralidze T4
1
Department of Internal Medicine, Tbilisi State Medical
University; 2Clinical laboratory; 3Department of Gynecology,
Medical Center JUNONA; 4Medicine, AIETI Medical School,
Tbilisi, Georgia
Background: Though immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is well studied
disease, antibodies against platelets arent detected in 2040% to confirm immune conflict. In some cases of thrombocytopenia (TP)
ABSTRACTS
because of impaired production of thrombopoietin (Tpoe) Tpoe receptor agonists are offered. Therefore to reveal immune conflict is important. Investigation of thrombopoiesis (Tpoiesis) is also a challenging
problem in idiopathic and symptomatic TP.
Aims: Aim of our study was to reveal immune conflict by high amount
of MLRos and observe Tpoiesis in vitro in 15 patients with TP.
Methods: We used leukocyte culture methods worked out by us that
support cells to maintain their proliferation activity and function
(Shvelidze, Saralidze Atlas of Hematology,2013). Macrophage (Mf)lymphocyte (L) interaction was studied according to MLRos formation in 3-day blood leukocyte cultures. Tpoiesis was observed in 59days bone marrow (BM) leukocyte cultures.
Results: High amount of MLRos 6078% (percentage of Mf contacted with L) was revealed in 12 cases of TP (9-ITP, 3-TP in patients
with SLE), pointing to the immune genesis of TP. In donors this index
is 3539%. In 3 patients with liver cirrhosis and TP MLRos was 20
25%, pointing to nonimmune genesis of TP. In ITP patients after
treatment with steroids amount of MLRos was decreased to 2530%
showing effectiveness of therapy. In patients with ITP normal megakaryocytes (MG) containing mainly 67 fragmented nucleus with normal or increased platelet release were observed, while in patients with
liver cirrhosis and TP MG contained 35 fragmented nucleus and
Tpoiesis was decreased. In acute megakaryoblastic leukemia amount
of MG was increased revealing their misshaped forms with 13 nuclear
fragments and producing immature platelets.
Conclusion: MLRos formation in vitro can be successfully used for estimation of immune conflict and effectiveness of therapy while BM culture is essential to observe Tpoiesis in TP patients and reveal
abnormalities of hematopoiesis and precise diagnosis.
PO278-TUE
The involvement of Neuropilin-1 in primary immune
thrombocytopenia
Zhou H, Yang J and Song Y
Department of Hematology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of
Zhengzhou University, Tumor Hospital of Henan Province,
Zhengzhou, China, Zhengzhou, China
Background: In the immune system, Neuropilin-1 (Nrp-1) is a molecule
that plays an important role in establishing the immunological synapse
between dendritic cells (DCs) and T cells, which is essential in the
priming of resting T cells and contributes to the development of
peripheral tolerance.
Aims: In this study, we investigated the relationship between the
expression of Nrp-1 and its ligands Semaphorins-3A (Sema3A), Transforming Growth Factor-b1(TGF-b1)as well as Th1/Th2, which probably contributes to the pathogenesis of primary ITP in Chinese
population.
Methods: 21 nave ITP patients, 18 remission ITP patients and 23 ethnically matched controls were examined in this study. Flow cytometry
was used to detect the express of Nrp-1 on CD4+CD25+CD127 high
Treg cells and Elisa kits were used to detect the level of Sema3A,
TGF-b1, INF-c, IL-4 in plasma. Statistical analysis was performed
using the SPSS19.0.
Results: Nrp-1 expression was evidently lower in nave ITP patients
(0.12 0.07%) than controls (0.45 0.11%) (P < 0.05), while remission ITP patients (0.37 0.18%) have a similar level with controls
(P > 0.05). The plasma Sema3A level in nave ITP patients was
remarkably higher than controls (8.10 1.34 ng mL1 vs.
2.92 0.9 ng mL1, P < 0.05). However, the plasma Sema3A level in
remission ITP patients did not decrease to a similar level with controls
(7.26 2.96 ng mL1 vs. 2.92 0.9 ng mL1, P < 0.05). The difference of plasma TGF-b1 level between nave ITP patients and controls
was significant (P < 0.05). The plasma IL-4 level in these three groups
609
did not show significant difference (P > 0.05). The plasma INF-c level
in nave ITP patients notably increased when compared with controls
(16.91 4.25 pg mL1 vs. 7.77 3.33 pg mL1, P < 0.05), therefore, the balance of Th1/Th2 was broke (1.21 0.25 vs. 0.50 0.22).
Conclusion: In this study, we demonstrated the relationship between
Nrp-1 and its ligands as well as the balance of Th1/Th2. Obviously,
our data showed that Nrp-1 played an important role in the pathogenesis of primary ITP.
PO279-TUE
Successful treatment of refractory ITP with
cyclosporine A, two case reports
Hlusi A and Szotkowski T
Haemato-Oncology Department, University Hospital Olomouc
and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University
Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
Background: Refractory immune thrombocytopenia is a serious clinical problem. There are no clearly successful treatment recommendations available for management of patients, who failed splenectomy
and TPO-RAs. In symptomatic patients one of the other immunosuppressive approaches may be indicated, including cyclosporine A. Experiences with CyA in ITP therapy are limited.
Aims: Retrospective analysis of two interesting cases.
Methods: Case reports.
Results: We report two cases of patients with refractory ITP in whom
pre-SE multiple immunosuppressive therapy including CyA was not
effective. Treatment response was not achieved with SE either. As the
first patient exhausted treatment options and was at a high risk for
bleeding, an attempt was made to restart immunosuppressive therapy
with CyA. Surprisingly, this treatment was effective. This experience
was analogically applied in the other patient in a similar situation;
once again, it was successful. Both patients achieved complete remission of ITP and the response continued after CyA was withdrawn.
Treatment with CyA was well tolerated in both cases. Detailed data
are presented on the poster.
Conclusion: The presented cases have confirmed the potential therapeutic effect of CyA in refractory post-SE disease. More interestingly,
the immunosuppressive drug was not effective prior to SE. No reliable
explanation for this clinical effect exists. It is likely that there is an
interference with autoimmune mechanisms in ITP and these are modified after SE.
PO280-TUE
Efficacy and prognosis of short term and very low-dose
IVIG therapy (200 mg kg1 day1) for newly
diagnosed acute immune thrombocytopenic purpura in
children
Lee KS1, Kim JE2, Kim UH3, Shim Y-J4 and Kim JY4
1
Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea;
2
Pediatrics, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu;
3
Pediatrics, Incheon Medical Center Baekryung Hospital,
Incheon; 4Pediatrics, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical
Center, Daegu, Korea
Background: High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin G (IVIG) is the
first therapy for childhood acute immune thrombocytopenic purpura
(aITP). Individual low-dose method has been applied in the Department of Pediatrics, Kyungpook National University Hospital since
610
ABSTRACTS
1984. We have reduced the daily dose from 400 to 200 mg kg1 daily
until platelet count (PLT) over 50,000 lL1 since 2000.
Aims: This study evaluated the efficacy of short term and very low
dose IVIG (VLD-IVIG) therapy according to individual clinical
response.
Methods: Totally 46 childhood ITP Patients whos PLT <20,000 lL1
were evaluated from January 2007 to December 2013. We treated them
with VLD-IVIG (200 mg kg1 day1 for 1~5 days) initially until rising PLT over 50,000 lL1 and then any patients without the response
were treated additional IVIG up to 2 g kg1 totally.
Results: The mean age of 22 male and 24 female ITP was 26 months.
The mean PLT was 8300 lL1 at the time of diagnosis. Thirty nine
patients responded with VLD-IVIG only. Four patients needed only
one day, 11 patients 2 days, 9 patients 3 days, 10 patients 4 days, and
5 patients 5 days of IVIG (200 mg kg1) respectively. Six of 7 patients
who did not raise PLT above 50,000 with VLD-IVIG had response
after full dose (total 2 g kg1). Only 1 patient did not response with
IVIG and needed corticosteroids and 1 patient recurred within
2 weeks after therapy.
The mean numbers of IVIG injection to 50,000 lL1 was 3 times
(621 mg kg1 of dose). The mean PLT after therapy was
108,692 lL1. The mean duration to recover PLT more than
150,000 lL1 was 2 months. No patient was diagnosed to chronic
ITP. The mean follow-up duration was 24 months and mean PLT was
336,410 lL1 at last follow-up date.
Conclusion: The short term VLD-IVIG therapy according to individual clinical response is effective and is recommended for acute ITP to
reduce admission days and cost of high dose IVIG therapy.
Inflammation II
PO281-TUE
A synthetic peptide, corresponding to the noncanonical
PAR1- tethered ligand, mimics the APC-induced
stimulation of wound healing in vitro
Kiseleva E1, Gorbacheva L2, Strukova S2 and Sidorova M3
1
laboratory of cell proliferation, Koltzov Institute of
Developmental Biology Ras; 2Biological faculty, Lomonosov
Moscow State University; 3Russian Cardiology Research and
Production Complex, Moscow, Russia
Background: Activated protein C (APC) is a physiological anticoagulant with strong anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective activities, which
appear to be protective in a number of disorders including chronic
wound healing. The anti-inflammatory properties of APC are mediated via EPCR and PARs. Different from thrombin, APC cleaves
PAR1 at the canonical cleavage site R41/S42, as well as at an alternative site R46/N47, releasing non-canonical tethered ligand, that activates PAR1. We assume that the cytoprotective effects of APC on the
cells involved in wound healing can be simulated by the synthetic peptides analogues of tethered ligand triggering PAR1.
Aims: The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of the synthesized peptide (AP) analogue of the tethered ligand of PAR1, released
by APC, on the proliferation of human keratinocytes and wound healing in vitro.
Methods: Quantitative assessment of EPCR and PAR1 expression in
the culture of human keratinocytes was performed using flow cytometry using specific primary antibodies to PAR1 and to EPCR. MTT
assay was used to quantitate the effect of test agents on cell growth
and viability. Scratch test was used as an in vitro model of wound healing. The peptide NPNDKYEPF-NH2 (AP9) was synthesized in Russian cardiology research and production complex.
Results: It was shown that a large part of the keratinocytes population
(59.5 11.8%) co-express PAR1 and EPCR. AP9 (0.110 lM), like
to APC (0.01100 nM), induced cells proliferation in dose-dependent

manner, maximum was at concentration 10 lM AP9 and 10 nM
APC. AP9, as well as APC, accelerates wound healing in vitro. The
width of the 1 nM APC and 10 lm AP9 treated wounds was significantly decreased and amounted to 388.9 51.9 lm and
546.2 112.6 lm respectively, the size of the untreated wounds was
888.9 16.7 lm. Using specific antibodies it was shown that PAR1
and EPCR are involved in proliferative activity of agonists.
Conclusion: The results suggest the possibility of using a peptide AP9
to stimulate tissue repair.
PO282-TUE
Differential in vivo activation of monocyte subsets
during experimental endotoxemia in humans
Thaler B1, Hohensinner P1, Krychtiuk K1, Koller L1, Brekalo M1,
Maurer G1, Jilma B2, Wojta J1 and Speidl W1
1
Department of Internal Medicine II, Cardiology; 2Department of
Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna,
Austria
Background: Human monocytes are a heterogeneous cell population
that can be divided into a classical (CM, CD14++CD16), a non-classical (NCM, CD14+CD16+), and an intermediate subset (IM,
CD14++CD16+). Monocytes are key cells in the response to sepsis.
Aims: A human endotoxemia model was used to identify monocyte
subset activation under septic conditions.
Methods: Healthy volunteers (n = 12) were injected with a bolus infusion of LPS (2 ng kg1) and blood samples were obtained before LPS
injection and at 2 h, 6 h and 24 h after injection. Whole blood samples
were stained for CD14, CD16 and CD11b and were analysed with a
BD FACS Canto II. Absolute cell numbers were determined using 123
counting beads and a novel in situ mRNA hybridization approach to
detect IL6 and IL8 specific mRNA at the single-cell level by flow
cytometry was applied.
Results: The analysis of cell counts showed a drop in monocyte levels
after 2 h of LPS treatment. After 6 h, CM recovered to their initial cell
number whereas IM and NCM remained reduced. After 24 h, monocyte subsets were skewed towards IM, which showed a 572% increase
(P < 0.001). In addition, IM showed the strongest upregulation of
CD11b after 2 h compared to CM and NCM (P < 0.05, P < 0.005).
After 6 h and 24 h CD11b returned to baseline values albeit IM still
displayed the highest baseline expression. Furthermore, IL6 and IL8
mRNA levels were enhanced after 6 h in IM to 180% (P < 0.05) and
240% (P < 0.05) respectively and NCM to 225% (P < 0.05) and
232% (P < 0.05) respectively, whereas CM response was weak to
119% (P < 0.05) and 142% (P < 0.05) respectively. After 24 h, IM
and NCM mRNA levels for IL6 and IL8 mRNA returned back to the
baseline expression levels.
Conclusion: These results show that monocyte subsets are activated
differently during endotoxemia in vivo. Especially CD16 positive cells
react strongly to LPS treatment resulting in higher CD11b, IL6 and
IL8 levels compared to CD16 negative cells.
ABSTRACTS
PO283-TUE
Regulation of IL-10 and High Mobility Group Box 1
(HMGB1) expression in human monocytes by platelets
and neutrophils
sterud B1 and Olsen JO2
1
K. G. Jebsen Thrombosis Research and Expertise Center
(TREC), Department of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic
University of Norway; 2Department of Medical Biology, UiT
The Arctic University of Norway, University of Troms, Troms,
Norway
Background: Development of atherosclerosis occurs silently over several decades where the pro-as well as anti-inflammatory mediators
play a central role. The cytokine IL-10 is a major anti-inflammatory
cytokine whereas high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein is
secreted from activated monocytes/macrophages as a mediator of
inflammation, and has been reported to be associated with atherosclerotic plaque composition and burden.
Aims: To explore the role of activated platelets and neutrophils in the
production and secretion of IL-10 and HMGB1 in LPS-stimulated
monocytes.
Methods: Monocytes and neutrophils were isolated from freshly drawn
blood on Polymorphprep and re-suspended in plasma (Fragmin). Isolated cells were immediately recombined and subjected to stimulation
by LPS (5 ng mL1) alone, LPS + PMA, or LPS + Ca-ionophore
(A23187) for 2 h at 37 C in a rotating incubator. After centrifugation
of the samples, plasma was frozen until quantification of IL-10 and
HMGB1 in ELISA kits.
Results: Platelets, as reported earlier, enhanced LPS-induced IL-10 in
monocytes by 109% in our study whereas neutrophils reduced the
enhancement by platelets, particularly when PMA was present. PMA
or A23187 in addition to LPS, amplified the platelet effect of IL-10
production 411 fold. PMA had very little effect on IL-10 production
in monocytes of whole blood in the absence of LPS, but increased
HMGB1 levels in plasma by 144% compared to 64% by LPS alone
and 304% by PMA and LPS in combination. In contrast to the production of IL-10, platelets had no effect whereas neutrophils increased
LPS-induced HMGB1 by 92% and 196% in LPS + PMA stimulated
monocytes. Platelets reduced this effect of neutrophils in LPS + PMA
stimulated monocytes by 37%.
Conclusion: Activated platelets exert a strong amplification of LPSinduced IL-10 in monocytes whereas neutrophils inhibit this effect.
HMGB1 production in LPS-stimulated monocytes is not affected by
platelets but significantly upregulated by activated neutrophils.
PO284-TUE
Effect of lipopolysaccharide and various cytokines on
protein C inhibitor production by HepG2 cells
Hayashi T1, Akita N2, Okamoto T3, Nishioka J4 and Suzuki K5
1
Department of Biochemistry, Mie Prefectural College of
Nursing, Tsu; 2Faculty of Medical Engineering, Suzuka University
of Medical Science, Suzuka; 3Department of Molecular
Pathobiology and Cell Adhesion Biology, Mie University
Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu; 4Department of Clinical
Nutrition; 5Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Suzuka University
of Medical Science, Suzuka, Japan
Background: Protein C inhibitor (PCI), a member of SERPIN family,
is expressed in various human tissues, including liver and kidney. PCI
has procoagulant properties to inhibit anticoagulant serine protease,
activated protein C (APC) and thrombin-thrombomodulin (TM) complex. In humans it is well known that patients suffering from sepsis
611
also have severe thrombotic tendency. However, the detailed mechanism is still unknown.
Aims: In the present study, to elucidate the mechanism of the thrombotic tendency observed in sepsis patients, we examined the effect of lipopolysacchride (LPS) and various cytokines on the production of
PCI in HepG2 cells.
Methods: The hepatoma cell line, HepG2 cells, were cultured in
RPMI1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum,
100 U mL1 penicillin and 100 lg mL1 streptomycin at 37 C under
5% CO2 atmosphere. Confluent HepG2 cells were treated with LPS,
or various cytokines for 24 h, and then culture supernatants were collected by centrifugation at 15,000 rpm for 10 min. The concentration
of PCI in culture supernatants of HepG2 cells was determined by
ELISA specific for human PCI.
Results: LPS dose-dependently increased PCI production in HepG2
cells, whereas IFN-c, IL-1b, and IL-6 decreased it. In addition, TNF-a
had no effect on PCI production in HepG2 cells.
Conclusion: These results suggest that increase of plasma PCI induced
by LPS is one of the causes of the thrombotic tendency observed in
patients suffering from sepsis, and IFN-c, IL-1b, and IL-6 have a protective effect by decreasing the PCI production by hepatocytes.
PO285-TUE
Does the coagulation cascade play a role in retinal
pathologies?
Livnat T1,2, Zahavi A2,3,4, Axer-Siegel R3,4, Dreznik A2,3,
Megiddo E3, dachbash M2, Nisgav Y2, Kenet G1,4,
Weinberger D3,4 and ehrlich R3,4
1
National Hemophilia Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel
hashomer; 2Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Rabin Medical
Center; 3Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center,
Petah Tiqwa; 4Sackler School of Medicine, Tel -Aviv University,
Tel Aviv, Israel
Background: Very little is known about the involvement of the coagulation cascade and its correlation to inflammation in retinal pathologies.
Aims: To evaluate and correlate the coagulation and inflammation cascades within the vitreous substance of patients with vitreo-retinal (VR)
pathologies.
Methods: Vitreous samples were collected from 91 patients. VR
pathologies included macular holes (MH), epiretinal membranes
(ERM), rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RRD), vitreous hemorrhages (VH), and tractional retinal detachments (TRD). Pathologies
were grouped to three main categories: 1. MH and ERM (n = 29); 2.
RRD (n = 33); 3. VH and TRD (n = 29). Key proteins in coagulation
and inflammation, thrombin anti-thrombin (TAT) and iInterleukin-6
(IL-6) were assessed by ELISA, respectively.
Results: TAT and IL-6 levels were found highest in RRD followed by
VH and TRD and lower in patients with ERM and MH. TAT levels
were significantly higher in the TRD/VH and RRD compared to the
MH/ERM group. No significant difference was found between the
TRD/VH and RRD groups. IL-6 levels were significantly different in
the MH/ERM group and TRD/VH and RRD groups, as well as
between TRD/VH and RRD. Linear correlation between IL-6 and
TAT was found in the MH/ERM group. The RRD group showed a
trend towards a linear correlation, while the TRD/VH group did not
show any correlation.
Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that TAT levels were significantly
higher within the disease groups compared with the control, but not
statistically different between the disease groups. Correlation between
TAT and IL-6 levels were not uniform in the different VR pathologies.
The insight into the basic pathophysiological processes leading to disrupted retinal function may pave the way to the development of novel
612
ABSTRACTS
therapeutic interventions for the treatment of deleterious ophthalmic

diseases. Future studies will aid in confirming the role of the coagulation system in different retinal pathologies.
PO286-TUE
Clinical presentation of thromboembolic events in
inflammatory bowel disease
Bollen L1, Vande Casteele N1, Ballet V2, Vermeire S2 and Gils A1
1
Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences,
KU Leuven, Laboratory for Therapeutic and Diagnostic
Antibodies; 2Department of Gastroenterology, UZ Leuven,
Translational Research in GastroIntestinal Disorders, Leuven,
Belgium
Background: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have a
higher risk to develop thromboembolic events (TE) compared to the
healthy population. TE has a substantial impact on mortality in IBD
and TE prevention requires improved awareness and management.
Aims: To describe the clinical characteristics of IBD patients with a
history of TE; focusing on recurrence of TE, disease activity at time of
TE, IBD medication at time of TE and surgery before TE.
Methods: In a retrospective monocentric cohort study, we included all
IBD patients in which a TE, arterial or venous, occurred between January 1987 and March 2014. Disease activity was defined based on physicians global assessment. Patients with a TE before IBD diagnosis
were excluded.
Results: 84 IBD patients with a history of TE (63% Crohns disease,
4% males) and a mean age of 45 15 years were included, whereof
25/84 (30%) patients were identified with recurrent TE. 70/84 (83%)
developed a venous TE, with a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) as the
major manifestation (28/70, 40%) followed by a pulmonary embolism
(PE) (16/70, 23%). At time of TE, 60/84 (71%) patients were diagnosed with active disease. Thirty-six percentage patients were on steroid therapy, 23% on 5-amino salicylic acids, 23% without specific
IBD treatment, 18% on azathioprine, 12% on biological therapy, 5%
on methotrexate and 4% on antibiotics. Moreover, within a 6-month
period preceding the TE, 31/84 (37%) underwent surgery and 33/84
(40%) received steroid treatment.
Conclusion: With this descriptive study we confirm the association
between disease activity and the occurrence of TE. Venous TE
occurred more than arterial TE and a substantial number of patients
had additional risk factors such as recurrence of TE or recent surgery.
Thirty-six percentage received steroid therapy at time of TE and 40%
used steroids in a 6 months period preceding the TE.
PO287-TUE
Loss of PAR-4 receptor affects renal ischemia
reperfusion in mice
Jansen MPB, Florquin S and Roelofs JJTH
Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Background: Protease-activated receptor 4 (PAR-4) is a G-coupled
receptor that can be activated upon proteolytic cleavage by serine proteases such as thrombin. A variety of cell types such as endothelial
cells, epithelial cells, platelets and leukocytes express PAR-4. Agonists
of PAR-4 have been shown to induce leukocyte rolling and adherence,
suggesting a pro inflammatory role for this receptor. Activation of
coagulation, characterized by thrombin generation, is a hallmark
of renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. The influx and activation of
granulocytes in renal tissue plays a crucial role in the pathology of
renal I/R injury. The role of PAR-4 in the pathology of acute I/R
injury has not been studied so far.
Aims: Here we investigated the effect of PAR-4 deficiency on renal I/R
inflammation and injury.
Methods: Wild type (WT) and PAR-4 knockout mice were subjected
to unilateral renal I/R. Mice were sacrificed after 24 h and kidneys
were collected. Histopathological scoring was performed on PAS-Dstained renal tissue sections. Granulocytes were stained with ly6G
mAb and the number of positive cells was counted within 10 non-overlapping fields (9400). Renal expression of kidney injury molecule 1
(KIM-1) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) was
determined by qPCR on renal tissue homogenates.
Results: PAR-4 knockout mice showed lower amounts of renal tissue
damage, as determined by semiquantitative histological scoring,
accompanied by significantly lower numbers of infiltrating granulocytes than WT mice. Compared to WT mice, PAR-4 knockout mice
displayed more tubular luminal protein casts, predominantly located
in the renal cortex. mRNA levels of KIM-1 and NGAL were comparable between WT and PAR4 knockout animals.
Conclusion: Our data show that PAR-4 plays a role in the pathology
of renal I/R injury, affecting renal tissue damage and the inflammatory
response. Further research will be needed to elucidate which cell types
are responsible for the observed phenotype.
PO288-TUE
TIPE2 is induced by simulated microgravity in
monocytes
Xiong S, Wang Z and Li X
Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated
Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
Background: Microgravity is associated with several health issues
including dysregulation of immune function. A growing body of evidence shows that tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced protein 8-like 2
(TIPE2) plays a important role in immune homeostasis, suggesting
that TIPE2 might be regulated by microgravity, verification of the
mechanisms by which microgravity interacts with immunity cells may
enable development of a promising strategy and validate some necessary countermeasures for astronauts.
Aims: To investigate the effect of simulated microgravity on TIPE2
and underlying mechanism in monocyte.
Methods: THP-1 cells were cultured under a simulated microgravity
environment using the rotating cell culture system (RCCS). The TIPE2
mRNA and protein, Egr-1, IjB and nuclear factor jB (NF-jB), were
analyzed using quantitative PCR and western blotting, levels of IL-6
and IL-1b in culture cells were detected by ELISA, respectively.
Results: TTIPE2 induction was confirmed by RT-PCR and immunoblotting demonstrating a more than 16-fold (P < 0.001) increase in
TIPE2 mRNA in THP-1 cells cultured in simulated microgravity compared with static controls, and a consistent protein upregulation. Egr1 transcription factor was increased in microgravity via PKC and
ERK1/2 MAPK. Furthermore, inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL1b) and NF-jB were upregulated in microgravity-activated cells.
Conclusion: TIPE2 was induced in microgravity, PKC, ERK1/2
MAPK and NF-jB may be relevant target in immunity and inflammation for microgravity.
ABSTRACTS
PO289-TUE
Mouse macrophages upregulate podoplanin under
inflammatory and apoptotic conditions
Rayes J, Montague S, Watson S, Watson SP, on behalf of Centre
for Cardiovascular Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Research, The
Medical School, University of Birmingham and Birmingham
B152TT, UK
Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Institute of Biomedical
Research, The Medical School, University of Birmingham,
Birmingham B152tt, Uk, Birmingham, UK
Background: Podoplanin (PDPN), the endogenous ligand of CLEC-2,
is expressed at high levels on lymphatic endothelial cells, kidney podocytes and lung type 1 alveolar cells. The interaction of CLEC-2 on
platelets with PDPN on lymphatic endothelial cells is crucial for the
normal development of the lymphatic system. Recently, PDPN was
shown to be expressed on inflammatory macrophages. Accordingly,
PDPN-expressing macrophages interact with CLEC-2 and induce
platelet activation and aggregation. In turn, the binding of CLEC-2
may regulate activation of macrophages.
Aims: The aim of this study is to investigate under which conditions
mouse macrophages and monocytes upregulate PDPN expression
focussing on inflammatory stimuli and apoptosis. The consequence of
this interaction was investigated.
Methods: Using mouse macrophages cell line RAW264.7 and bonemarrow derived macrophages and monocytes, we investigated the conditions that lead to expression of PDPN by quantitative PCR and flow
cytometry.
Results: PDPN was absent from RAW267.4 macrophages as shown
using PDPN specific antibody and by PCR. LPS-treated cells as well
as apoptotic macrophages (induced by staurosporine and cycloheximide) upregulate PDPN expression by 10.7 3.2 fold and 9.2 2.9
fold (Mean SEM, n = 5), respectively. PDPN expression was
observed at the mRNA level as measured by q-PCR, with
2410 567.6 fold increase for LPS-treated macrophages and
1888 1137 fold increase for apoptotic macrophages (n = 4). In addition, PDPN upregulation was observed on bone marrow-derived macrophages treated with LPS or apoptotic macrophages. Under the same
conditions, monocytes or the mouse endothelial cell line (sEnd-1) did
not show an increase in PDPN expression.
Conclusion: Under inflammatory conditions, mouse macrophages
upregulate PDPN mRNA level and PDPN expression on macrophages. The presence of PDPN on inflammatory and apoptotic macrophages may contribute to reciprocal activation of platelets and regulation
of thrombus formation and inflammatory processes.
PO290-TUE
Anti-inflammatory effect of non-canonical peptideagonist of PAR-1 on rat mast cells resembles activated
protein C action
Babkina I1, Sidorova M2, Gorbacheva L1,3 and Strukova S1
1
Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University;
2
Cardiology Research Complex; 3Pirogov Russian National
Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
Background: Its known that activated protein C (APC) and thrombin
cleave PAR-1 and demonstrate opposite physiological effects, which
was described on endothelial cells as biased agonism (Mosnier et al.,
2012).
Aims: Estimation the impact of peptide, analogous to tethered ligand
of PAR1 released by APC, on secretion of histamine from mast cells
(MC) in an in vitro inflammation model and on the neuronal survival
in coculture of neurons with activated MC.
613
Methods: We analyzed secretion of histamine from activated rat peritoneal MC (modified from Shore et al., 1959); the survival of neurons
was estimated using fluorescent dyes.
Results: TNFa (50 ng mL1) induces activation of MC and increase of
histamine release by 16.4% compared with control. Pretreatment of
the activated MC by 10 mM Pep9 reduces histamine release by 18%,
and by 10 nM APC by 19% compared to TNFa-activated cells. It
was found that Pep9 (0.110 mM) effectively suppresses histamine
release from activated MC. Histamine release in the groups of cells
treated by Pep9 or APC have no significant differences from the control values. Obtained data indicate that anti-inflammatory effect of
Pep9 is similar to APC. Analysis of neuronal survival at co-cultivation
with MC, activated by TNFa or lipopolyssacharide, showed a significant decrease the number of living neurons in culture (1.4- and 2 times,
respectively), and increase the number of apoptotic cells (1.3- and 1.6fold, respectively), which indicates a developing neuroinflammation.
Pretreatment of MC with Pep9 or APC increased neuronal survival
and decreased apoptosis of neurons. Thus, the Pep9 causes the
decrease of MCs secretion resulting in neuronal survival increase and
downregulation of inflammation.
Conclusion: We discovered previously unknown anti-inflammatory
effect of Pep9 which is similar to APC on MC. Apparently, this peptide could be targeted as a potential therapeutic agent at neuroinflammation and other inflammatory diseases. This work was supported by
MES RF grant (14.604.21.0017).
PO291-TUE
High-fat diet is associated with increased von
willebrand factor-related procoagulant activity in
human and murine models
Michels A1, Swystun LL1, Alb
anez S1, Mewburn J2, Sponagle K1
1
and Lillicrap D
1
Pathology and Molecular Medicine; 2Cancer Research Institute,
Queens University, Kingston, Canada
Background: Obesity is a chronic inflammatory state that is well documented to be associated with an increased risk of thrombosis. Among
the procoagulant influences induced by obesity is an increase in plasma
von Willebrand factor (VWF) levels. Thus, in obese states, elevated
VWF antigen (VWF:Ag) levels represent an independent risk factor
for thrombosis. VWF is an acute-phase glycoprotein that links inflammation with increased procoagulant activity in the process of immunothrombosis.
Aims: We investigated the influence of high-fat diet (HFD) on the
VWF-associated immunothrombosis in human and murine models.
Methods: Normal C57BL/6 littermates were fed either a HFD (60%
fat) or standard diet (STD) (10% fat) and blood was collected after 2
& 10-weeks. At 10 weeks, arterial thrombus formation was observed
with an intravital laser-induced murine cremaster arteriole injury
model using photoactivated hematoporphyrin. Human subjects fasted
for 12 h and were fed a high-fat (52%) or low-fat (8%) meal.
Results: After 2 weeks, HFD-fed mice had higher VWF:Ag (1.2-fold,
P = 0.04), FVIII activity (FVIII:C) (1.4-fold, P = 0.005), the inflammatory marker, cell-free DNA (CF-DNA) (1.11-fold, P = 0.03), total
cholesterol (1.4-fold, P = 0.002) and lower platelet counts (0.8-fold,
P = 0.04) compared to STD-fed mice. VWF:Ag (1.4-fold,
P < 0.0001), CF-DNA (1.14-fold, P = 0.007) and cholesterol (1.4-fold,
P = 0.01) continued to increase after 10 weeks. The increased VWFmediated procoagulant activity in HFD-fed mice was associated with
a 0.7-fold shorter arterial occlusion time than STD, in an intravital
thrombosis model (P = 0.02). Human samples collected 5 h post highfat meal, had significantly lower ADAMTS13 activity (0.8-fold,
P = 0.01) than when fed a low-fat meal. Changes to VWF:Ag and
FVIII:C were not significant.
614
ABSTRACTS
Conclusion: Inflammation associated with high-fat diet increases

VWF-related prothrombotic activity and may contribute to an
increased risk of immunothrombosis in obese individuals.
Disclosure of Interest: A. Michels: None declared, L. Swystun: None
declared, S. Alb
anez: None declared, J. Mewburn: None declared, K.
Sponagle: None declared, D. Lillicrap Grant/Research Support from:
Bayer, Biogen-Idec, Baxter and Octapharma.
PO292-TUE
Inflammatory and endothelial markers and their
relations to the haemostatic potential during the
menstrual cycle
Chaireti R1, Lindahl TL2, Bremme K3 and Larsson A4
1
Institutet, Stockholm; 2Department of Clinical and Experimental
ping; 3Department of
Medicine, Linko
0
0
Women s and Children s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm;
4
Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala,
Sweden
Background: Total thrombin concentration was previously shown to
be higher during the luteal phase of a menstrual cycle. This was not a
result of concurrent changes in coagulation factors.
Aims: Since the inflammation and the coagulation systems interact closely and thrombin har a major influence on the inflammatory
response, the present report studies inflammatory and endothelial
markers in relations to haemostasis as a possible explanatory mechanism for thrombin generation variation during the menstrual cycle.
Methods: The study cohort consisted of 102 healthy women not taking
hormonal medications. Blood samples were collected in the early follicular and the late luteal phase. The inflammatory and endothelial
markers studied were pentraxin-3 (PTX-3), high sensitivity CRP, sEand sP-selectin, intracellular and vascular cell adhesion molecules and
cathepsins L, B and S. The haemostatic parameters analysed were factors II, VII, VIII, X and von Willebrand, fibrinogen, D-dimer, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and antithrombin. Thrombin generation
was assessed by the Calibrated Automated Thrombogram assay.
Estradiol, progesterone, anti-m
ullerian hormone and sex-hormone
binding globulin were also measured. We used the paired t-test to
study the differences between the biomarkers during the two phases
(P < 0.05), as well as multiple regression and correlation analysis
(Pearsons) for the associations between markers.
Results: No significant associations between coagulation and endothelial and vascular markers were observed. PTX-3 and hs-CRP were significantly higher during the follicular phase (P < 0.001 respectively
P = 0.025). The other inflammatory and endothelial markers, with the
exception of cathepsin B, were higher, albeit not significantly, during
the follicular phase.
Conclusion: Increased inflammatory activity was observed during the
early follicular phase, which corresponds to the inflammatory
described during menstruation. This increase was independent of haemostatic or hormonal changes.
PO293-TUE
Cigarette smoking significantly reduces gen- and
protein expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine
IL-12
Opstad TB1,2, Arnesen H1, Pettersen A-

A1 and Seljeflot I1
1
Cardiology, Center for Clinical Heart Research, Oslo University
Hospital Ullev
al, Norway; 2Faculty of Medicine, Oslo, Norway
Background: Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is encoded by two separately
located genes; IL-12p35 and IL-12p40, and the bioactive heterodimer
(IL-12p70) is a central cytokine in the immune response. It is mainly
produced in monocytes and macrophages and induces interferon
gamma (INFc), and vice versa. IL-12 is critical in the initiation and
progression of pro-inflammatory T helper cell 1-type responses. Circulating IL-12 has been shown to be elevated in atherosclerosis, however,
also reported to be down-regulated in different cell types by cigarette
smoking.
Aims: To investigate the influence of cigarette smoking on circulating
IL-12 levels in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Geneexpression of IL-12p35, IL-12p40 and INFc in circulating leukocytes
was further analysed to explore potential regulatory mechanisms.
Methods: Thousand patients with angiographically verified stable
CAD were investigated (203 current smokers, 78% men, mean age
62 years). Informed consent was obtained from all and the study was
approved by the Regional Ethics Committee. Circulating IL-12 was
measured in all by the ELISA kit KHC0121 (Invitrogen), whereas
gene-expression was analysed in 210 randomly included patients (43
current smokers) from the total cohort, by real-time PCR and TaqMan assays (Applied Biosystems).
Results: Circulating IL-12 levels and expression of the IL-12p35 gene
was considerably lower in current smokers vs. non-smokers
(P < 0.001, P = 0.025, respectively) and INFc gene-expression was
14% lower (P > 0.2). The IL-12p40 gene was not expressed in circulating leukocytes.
INFc gene-expression was positively correlated to IL-12p35 geneexpression and circulating IL-12 (r = 0.33, P = 0.031 and r = 0.50,
P = 0.001, respectively), only in current smokers.
Conclusion: We observed a modified immune-response in current
smokers, shown by reduced gene- and protein expression of IL-12.
The influence of cigarette smoking on IL-12, its intra-cellular signalling and regulatory mechanisms needs to be further explored.
PO294-TUE
The interaction between expression of cosxsackieadenovirus receptor on the surface of platelets and
cardiomyocytes, inflammation and virus persistence
inside cells
Gupalo E, Buryachkovskaya L, Chumachenko P and Mironova N
Russian Cardiology Research Complex, Moscow, Russian
Federation
Background: The coxsackie and adenovirus receptor (CAR) was initially identified as a receptor for coxsackie B and adenoviruses, which
is known to promote virus myocarditis. It can not only mediate virus
entry but its physiological role is to be a part of intercellular communication
Aims: to evaluate the interaction of virus persistence in platelets in cardiomyocytes (CM), CAR expression on cells surface and the activeness
of inflammation
Methods: CAR expression was investigated in 23 pts with suspected
myocarditis (group 1) and in 38 pts with arrhythmias (group 2) and 12
healthy subjects (HS). Diagnosis in group 1 was confirmed by endomyocardial biopsy (EMB). CAR expression was analyzed by immuno-
ABSTRACTS
fluorescent and immunohistochemistry method. The virus persistence
was estimated by PCR. The level of tumor necrosis factor a (TNFa),
interleukin 6 (IL6), transforming growing factor b1 (TGF) was estimated by ELISA.
Results: From 0.2 to 6.4% platelets were CAR-positive in HS. CARexpression on platelets was much higher in pts than in HS (4.5
[2.0;8.9]% for group 1, P = 0.039), 8.0 [4.0;19.0]%, P = 0.0002 for
group 2. The only virus detected in 39% EMB samples was parvovirus
B19. Virus persistence, the level of CAR expression on platelets and
CM was not associated with activeness of inflammation in myocardium. Pts with increased number of CAR-positive platelets were characterized by increased level of IL6 and TNFa. CAR expression on
platelets showed 64.3% sensitivity and 66.7% specificity in detection
of myocardial inflammation The grade of CAR expression on CM was
much higher in pts with increased level of IL6 (2.5 0.55 vs.
2.0 0.43, P = 0.036).
Conclusion: CAR expression in myocardium is associated with
increased level of IL6 and doesnt depend on activeness of inflammatory infiltration. There was no relation of CAR expression and virus
persistence inside cells. According to its sensitivity and specificity we
propose using CAR expresiion on platelets a marker in detection of
systemic inflammation.
PO295-TUE
The role of inflammation in pregnancy-related venous
thrombosis
Wik HS1, Jacobsen AF2,3 and Sandset PM1,3
1
Department of Haematology; 2Department of Obstetrics and
Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital; 3University of Oslo,
Oslo, Norway
Background: The relationship between inflammation and coagulation
is well established, and inflammation is associated with arterial thrombosis. The relationship between inflammation and venous thrombosis
(VT) remains unclear.
Aims: To investigate whether patients with pregnancy-related VT have
elevated inflammatory markers compared to controls.
Methods: The present study included 313 women with pregnancyrelated VT during 19902003 and 353 controls. All women donated a
single blood sample and answered a questionnaire in 2006. In this
study, we excluded women who were pregnant or were using anticoagulants or oral contraceptives at the time of blood sampling. The final
study population comprized 282 women with pregnancy-related VT
and 315 controls. As possible predictors of pregnancy-related VT we
included the inflammatory markers high sensitivity CRP, interleukin
(IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, and the
two adhesion molecules intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 and
vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1. We used the >90th percentiles among controls as cut-offs.
Results: The cases were younger, had higher body mass index (BMI),
and were more often smokers compared to controls. Sixty-eight percentage of the cases had deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in a lower limb,
24% had pulmonary embolism, and 8% had DVT outside the lower
limbs or lungs. Fifty-one percentage of VTs occurred postpartum. In
univariate analysis IL-6, IL-10, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 were significantly associated with VT. When adjusting for age, body mass index,
and smoking, only VCAM-1 above the 90th percentile was independently associated with VT with an adjusted odds ratio of 3.1 (95% CI
1.85.0, P < 0.001).
Conclusion: Women with a history of pregnancy-related VT had elevated VCAM-1 many years after the event as compared to a control
group. This may be due to systemic inflammation.
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PO296-TUE
The Extracellular Fibrinogen-binding protein (Efb)
secreted by Staphylococcus aureus binds p-selectin
and competitively inhibits its interaction with
p-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1).
Pula G1, Bagby S2, Posner M2 and Upadhyay A2
1
Pharmacy and Pharmacology; 2Biology and Biochemistry,
University of Bath, Bath, UK
Background: Staphylococcus aureus releases a variety of extracellular
factors that participate in the infection induced by this bacterium.
Extracellular fibrinogen-binding protein (Efb) is released by S. aureus
and inhibits platelets both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, Efb reduces
immune response and exacerbates the infections by Staphylococcus
aureus.
Aims: In order to identify the molecular mechanisms underlying the
pathogenic and anti-haemostatic role of Efb, we aimed to identify
platelet proteins directly interacting with Efb.
Methods: Efb-interacting proteins within platelets were pulled down
by sepharose-Efb beads and identified by mass spectrometry. Secondly, proteomics results were confirmed by sepharose-Efb pull-down
followed by immunoblotting using antibodies specific for the proteins
identified by mass spec. Finally, in order to determine which proteins
are responsible for mediating the interaction of Efb with platelets, we
performed flow cytometry experiments with fluorescein-labelled Efb in
the presence of specific inhibitory antibodies. By using truncation
mutants, the Efb domains responsible for interacting with different
interacting proteins were identified.
Results: We identified a series of platelet proteins able to interact with
Efb. Amongst these proteins, integrin aIIbb3 and P-selectin are
expressed on platelet surface and play important biological roles. Both
interactions were confirmed by immunblotting. The interaction with
P-selectin is direct (i.e. detected in the absence of fibrinogen) and the
N-terminal domain of Efb is responsible for interacting with P-selectin. Using a co-immunoprecipitation approach, we discovered that Efb
inhibits the P-selectin/PSGL-1 interaction by directly binding P-selectin.
Conclusion: The inhibition of the P-selectin/PSGL-1 interaction by Efb
may underly the ability of this bacterial protein to exacerbate of
S. aureus infection. Efb may in fact interfere with platelet-leukocyte
complex formation and leukocyte extravasation.
Innate and acquired Immunity

PO297-TUE
Critical behavior of subcellular density organization
during neutrophil activation and migration
Baker-Groberg S1, Phillips K1, Healy L2, Itakura A2, Porter J3,
Newton P3 and McCarty O1
1
Biomedical Engineering; 2Oregon Health & Science University,
Portland; 3University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
Background: Physical theories of active matter continue to provide a
quantitative understanding of dynamic cellular phenomena, including
cell locomotion. Although various investigations of the rheology of
cells have identified important viscoelastic and traction force parameters for use in these theoretical approaches, a key variable has
remained elusive both in theoretical and experimental approaches: the
spatiotemporal behavior of the subcellular density.
Aims: To elucidate the subcellular density dynamics in neutrophils
undergoing chemokinesis following uniform bacterial peptide stimulation using the established, quantitative imaging approach, non-interferometric quantitative phase microscopy (NIQPM).
616
ABSTRACTS
Methods: Human polymorphonuclear leukocytes were purified from

venous blood, incubated on fibronectin-coated glass coverslips, and
exposed to the bacterial peptide, formyl-Met-Leu-Phe. Neutrophils
were then fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde every 20 s. Fixed neutrophils were permeabilized with methanol and stained with anti-myosin light chain2 pSer19 (3675) and anti-actin in blocking buffer
overnight. Secondary antibodies conjugated with AlexaFluor 488 and
TRITC phalloidin in blocking buffer were added and incubated for
2 h in the dark. Neutrophil subcellular density was quantified using
the NIQPM imaging techniques and cell area, height, and cell volume
were determined using a custom MATLAB program.
Results: We determined that subcellular density decreases in a powerlaw dependent fashion as neutrophils become activated, and that a
critical density is reached when neutrophils polarize and begin chemokinesis. It was also identified that a continuum law of mass conservation that links area, mean density, and total dry mass holds for resting,
activated and motile neutrophils.
Conclusion: Our approach and quantitative findings will enable investigators to define the physics coupling cytoskeletal dynamics with subcellular density dynamics during cell migration.
PO298-TUE
Naturally occurring antibodies to oxidation-specific
epitopes in patients with venous thromboembolism
Eichinger S, Kyrle P, Kammer M, Kozma MO, Eischer L and
Binder C
Background: Naturally occurring IgM antibodies to oxidized LDL
(OxLDL) protect from atherosclerosis. OxLDL has proinflammatory
and prothrombotic properties by expressing oxidation-specific epitopes (OSE). A subset of circulating microparticles carries the same
OSE also present in OxLDL. Thus, humoral immune responses to
OSE of OxLDL may be involved also in the pathogenesis of venous
thromboembolism (VTE).
Aims: To evaluate the role of antibodies against OSE in VTE.
Methods: We followed patients with a first unprovoked VTE after
anticoagulation and excluded those with cancer, pregnancy, long-term
antithrombotic therapy, or major thrombophilia. Study end point was
recurrent VTE. Levels of IgM antibodies to copper-OxLDL in plasma
were determined by chemiluminescent ELISA. The effect on the recurrence risk and the impact of competing events were assessed using
time-to-event models. Anti-OxLDL IgM levels are given as RLU/
100 ms (median, 25th, 75th percentiles). The study was approved by
an ethics committee and patients consent was obtained.
Results: Anti-OxLDL IgM levels were 20.2 (12.3, 34.7) and correlated
with sex (lower in men) and recurrence (lower in recurrence). 151
(22.8%) of 663 patients (mean age 48 years) had recurrence during a
median follow up of 67 months. for each doubling of anti-OxLDL
IgM levels, the hazard ratio (HR) of recurrence was 0.84 (95% CI
0.720.97; P = 0.02). The probability of recurrence after 5 years in
patients stratified according to anti-OxLDL IgM was 12.4% (95% CI
8.417.2%) in the group with levels higher than 26.39 compared to
20.0% (95% CI 16.124.1%) among those with lower levels
(P < 0.01). The corresponding HR was 0.56 (95% CI 0.330.94;
P < 0.01) for higher anti-OxLDL IgM and was 0.68 (95% CI 0.47
0.98; P = 0.04) after adjustment for sex.
Conclusion: Our data demonstrate a role for OxLDL-specific IgM in
venous thrombotic disease. Patients with low anti-OxLDL IgM levels
are at higher risk of thrombosis while those with high levels are protected.
PO299-TUE
C. canimorsus affects coagulation by proteolytic
cleavage of factor X
J-M2 and Cornelis G1
Hack K1, Douxfils J2, Dogne
1
Unit
e de Recherche en Biologie des Microorganismes;
2
D
epartement de Pharmacie, Universit
e de Namur, Namur,
Belgium
Background: Capnocytophaga canimorsus is a Gram-negative bacterium belonging to the oral flora of dogs. Transmission to humans
occurs via bites or scratches. Despite being only weakly pro-inflammatory, C. canimorusus often causes fulminant septicemia, commonly
accompanied by disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).
Coagulation is part of the innate immune response. The entrapment of
bacteria in blood clots promotes a more efficient elimination. However, a range of bacteria have developed strategies to interfere with this
mechanism.
Aims: In order to elucidate what contributes to the pathogenesis of
C. canimorsus infection, considering the frequent occurrence of bleeding abnormalities, our aim was to find out if C. canimorsus interferes
with coagulation.
Methods: We incubated normal pooled plasma (NPP) with C. canimorsus strain 5 (Cc5), monitored thrombin generation by a calibrated
automated thrombogram (CAT) assay and measured PT and aPTT.
Coagulation factor activity in Cc5 treated plasma was assessed using
factor depleted plasmas. We performed 125I labeling of FX to investigate its cleavage in NPP. Irreversible inhibition of bacterial serine proteases was achieved by treatment of Cc5 with 1 mM AEBSF prior to
experiments with NPP.
Results: We observed that Cc5 blocked thrombin generation in a dose
dependent manner. PT and aPTT of NPP incubated with Cc5 were significantly increased. Amongst the panel of clotting factors tested, we
observed a strong impairment of FX activity. We found that Cc5
cleaved FX in plasma and that this was inhibited when bacteria had
been treated with AEBSF. In addition, AEBSF treatment of Cc5 completely reversed the increase of PT and aPTT.
Conclusion: C. canimorsus 5 degrades FX and inhibits coagulation. We
are currently investigating the site of FX cleavage and trying to identify the bacterial protease that mediates the cleavage. It is thinkable
that, by blocking coagulation, Cc5 could spread more easily and possibly also aggravate DIC associated bleeding.
PO300-TUE
Polyphosphate acts as a cofactor for C1-inhibitormediated regulation of the classical pathway of
complement
Lameignere E1, Wijeyewickrema LC2, OByrne AM1, Ocariza LM1,
Shiba T3, Smith SA4, Morrissey JH4, Pike RN2 and Conway EM1
1
Center for Blood Research, University of British Columbia,
Vancouver, BC, Canada; 2La Trobe Institute of Molecular
Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia; 3Regenetiss
Inc, Tokyo, Japan; 4Department of Biochemistry, University of
Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
Background: Polyphosphate (polyP) is a linear polymer of orthophosphate units that is found in all living organisms. In humans, polyP is
abundant in platelet-dense granules and mast cell granules, suggesting
a modulatory role in hemostasis and inflammation. Complement is
activated via the classical (CP), alternative (AP) or lectin (LP) pathways, converging at the terminal pathway to form the membrane
attack complex. We previously showed that polyP destabilizes the
C5b,6 components of the terminal pathway (Wat. et al., Blood 2014).
Interestingly, PolyP also binds to C1-inhibitor (C1INH), the serpin
ABSTRACTS
modulator of C1s, the CP-specific initiating protease. This raises the
possibility that polyP may act as a cofactor of C1INH and thus act to
regulate the classical pathway via this mechanism.
Aims: To test whether polyP alters the modulatory function of C1INH
in the CP.
Methods: Binding of polyP to C1s and C1INH was measured using
surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The inhibitory effect of polyP on
C1s-mediated cleavage of the CP proteins C4 and C2 was analyzed
using SDS-PAGE. The overall effect of polyP was tested by measuring
the deposition of the CP degradation fragment C4d on choroidal
endothelial cells (CEC) using FACS.
Results: PolyP bound to both C1s and C1INH with Kd values of 400
and 33 nM, respectively. The rate of association between C1s and
C1INH was increased over 1000-fold in the presence of polyP, indicating that it does act as a cofactor for the C1s-C1INH interaction. PolyP
enhanced C1INH inhibition of C1s-mediated cleavage of C4 and C2 in
a size- and concentration-dependent manner. C4d deposition on CEC
was significantly suppressed by polyP, supporting the biochemical evidence that polyP inhibits initial activation of the CP.
Conclusion: PolyP acts as a cofactor for C1INH and thus regulates
complement activation at multiple steps of the cascade. This study
indicates that polyP is an important regulator for this key pro-inflammatory mechanism.
PO301-TUE
Human monocyte subsets differently express tissue
factor
Krychtiuk K1, Thaler B1, Hohensinner P1, Lenz M1, Huber K2,
Maurer G1, Wojta J1, Heinz G1 and Speidl WS1
1
Background: Monocytes play a key role in inflammation and coagulation. Circulating monocytes can be divided into three subsets using
their distinct surface expression of CD14 and CD16, namely as classical monocytes (CM, CD14 + +CD16-), intermediate monocytes
(IM, CD14 + +CD16 + ) and non-classical monocytes (NCM,
CD14 + CD16 + +).
Aims: We hypothesized that besides their known characteristic inflammatory potential, monocyte subtypes exhibit specific coagulatory profiles.
Methods: Fifty consecutive patients admitted to a medical ICU at a
tertiary care center and 30 hospital control patients were enrolled and
blood was taken at admission for the measurement of monocyte-subset-specific tissue factor (TF) expression. Furthermore, whole blood
obtained from healthy controls was stimulated with TNF-a and LPS
for 4 h and TF-expression was measured. Moreover, subset specific
TLR4 and TNFR expression was measured in blood samples from
healthy donors.
Results: At ICU admission, IM (529 272; MFI) showed significantly
higher TF expression as compared to CM (369 79; P < 0.0001),
while NCM showed the lowest TF expression (197 104; P < 0.0001
compared to CM and IM). Interestingly, TF expression by IM was significantly higher in ICU patients than in hospital controls (P < 0.05),
whereas CM and NCM showed no difference. CM and IM from
healthy controls showed no difference in TF expression. However,
incubation with LPS and TNF-a showed a significantly higher increase
of TF surface expression in IM, when treated with LPS, as compared
to CM and NCM (P < 0.05). In contrast, the response to TNF-a was
comparable between all three subtypes. Measurement of the respective
receptors TLR-4 and TNF-R revealed highest TLR-4 expression in
IM while TNF-R expression was more balanced between subsets.
Conclusion: Beside their well-characterized inflammatory phenotype,
monocyte subtypes also show a distinct coagulatory phenotype with
617
highest TF expression in IM, medium TF expression in CM and lowest

TF expression in NCM.
PO302-TUE
MHC class I antigen presentation by megakaryocytes
Zufferey A, Speck ER, Guo L, Aslam R, Kapur R and Semple JW
Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Science, St. MichaelS
Background: Megakaryocytes are the progenitor cells of platelets in
bone marrow. In addition to their role in hemostasis, several studies
have previously shown that there is an immunological function played
by platelets. Platelets have been shown to process extra-cellular antigens and present in the context of major histocompatibility complex
(MHC) class I (cross presentation). Classically, MHC class I display
endogenous antigens on the cell surface, whereas cross-presentation
characterizes the mechanism of generation of peptide ligands from
exogenous proteins. However, the immunological role observed in
platelets has not been assessed in their parent cells, the megakaryocytes. To ascertain the ability of megakaryocytes to actively present
exogenous antigens and trigger an immune response would help to
unravel the possible role of megakaryocytes in immunity and in
immune diseases, such as immune thrombocytopenia (ITP).
Aims: Our aim is to show that megakaryocytes are able to process and
present foreign antigens in the context of MHC class I.
Methods: Megakaryocytes were cultured from mouse C57BL/6 bone
marrow and pulsed with fluorescent ovalbumin (OVA). Immunofluorescence by confocal microscopy was used to assess the processing and
cellular localization of OVA. Several markers belonging to endocytosis
and antigen presentation pathways, as well as an antibody against the
ovalbumin octapeptide SIINKEFL in association with MHC class I
molecules were used.
Results: OVA was internalized by megakaryocytes and colocalized
with secretory granule markers. The OVA octapeptide SIINKEFL/
MHC class I complex was shown to be stored in granule-like structures and presented at the plasma membrane.
Conclusion: Mouse megakaryocytes can readily uptake extra-cellular
proteins and degrade them into peptides. These peptides can then be
loaded on MHC class I molecules and stored in granule-like structures.
However, the exact nature of these structures remains to be determined, as well as the immune functionality of this presentation.
PO303-TUE
Prothrombin mutants reveal a new mechanism of
MASP-1 mediated clotting
J 3, G a
l P3 and Schroeder V2
Jenny L1,2, Dobo
1
University Clinic of Hematology; 2Department of Clinical
Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; 3Institute of
Enzymology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest,
Hungary
Background: We have recently shown that mannan-binding lectinassociated serine protease-1 (MASP-1) enhances the ability of plasma
and whole blood to clot. This reaction proved to be prothrombindependent, and the effects of MASP-1 on clotting added up with the
effects of thrombin.
Aims: The aim of this study was to reveal the detailed mechanism of
MASP-1 mediated clot formation by analysing the cleavage of prothrombin (PT) mutants.
618
ABSTRACTS
Methods: We used two existing PT mutants with altered cleavage sites

(R271Q, R320Q). In addition, we expressed the novel mutant PT
R393Q in HEK293 cells and purified the protein by ion exchange chromatography. We incubated MASP-1 with PT wildtype or individual
mutants and analysed the cleavage products at different time points by
SDS-PAGE and N-terminal sequencing. Hirudin, a specific thrombin
inhibitor which does not inhibit MASP-1, was used to suppress thrombin-mediated cleavage steps.
Results: MASP-1 cleaves wildtype PT at the three sites R271, R320
and R393. By incubation of MASP-1 with the three PT mutants, we
could show that MASP-1 uses two routes of PT activation, starting
with cleavage at R271 or at R393. Cleavage at R271 generates prethrombin-2, while cleavage at R393 leads to a meizothrombin analogue (mIIR393). Prethrombin-2 gets further cleaved by MASP-1 at
R393 forming a b-thrombin analogue (b-thrombin). On the other
route, mIIR393 cleaves itself at R320 or at R271 (generating mIIR393
or b-thrombin respectively). Cleavage experiments in the presence of
hirudin support the findings that the arising intermediates are thrombin-species which are involved in back-cleavage of PT and some intermediates.
Conclusion: We have shown that MASP-1 is able to mediate clotting
by alternative PT cleavage that uses two different routes of activation.
These routes give rise to three putative new thrombin species (bthrombin, mIIR393, mIIR393) of which b-thrombin and mIIR393
affect the coagulation cascade.
PO304-TUE
Complement and tissue-factor induced thrombin
generation in the pathogenesis of venous
thromboembolism
Hiland II1, Liang R1, Hald EM1,2, Latysheva N1,2, Ramberg C1,2,
Tichelaar V1, Mollnes TE1,3,4, Hansen J-B1,2 and on behalf of K. G.
Jebsen Thrombosis Research and Expertise Center (TREC)
1
Clinical Medicine, K.G Jepsen Thrombosis Research and
Expertise Centre (TREC), The Artic University of Norway (Uit);
2
Norway, Troms; 3Department of Immunology, University
Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo; 4Research Laboratory,
Nordland Hospital, Bod, Norway
Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) appears to initiate most
often in valve pockets of large veins with a local milieu characterized
by stasis and severe hypoxia. This may lead to activation of the complement system, which can trigger tissue factor (TF)-induced coagulation. A comprehensive cross-talk between the complement- and
coagulation systems has emerged during the last years. No study has
investigated the role of the complement system in the pathogenesis of
VTE.
Aims: To investigate whether pathways of the complement system are
associated with TF-induced thrombin generation and VTE risk.
Methods: A casecontrol study was performed in 24 patients with
unprovoked VTE and 24 age- and sex-matched controls recruited from
the general population. TF-induced tthrombin generation was measured in plasma using the CAT-assay. Serum complement activity of
the classical-, alternative- and lectin pathways was measured by the
Wieslab enzyme-immunoassay and MBL was quantified by ELISA.
Odd ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. The
study was approved by the research ethics committee and all subjects
gave informed written consent.
Results: The VTE patients had shortened TF-induced lag-time
(4.8 min (4.55.2) vs. 5.8 min (4.88.0), P < 0.001) (median with interquartile range) (OR 0.3, 95% CI; 0.10.6) and higher total thrombin
generation (ETP) (1383 nM*h (12201507) vs. 1264 nM*h (1103
1416) than controls (OR 1.7, 95% CI; 1.03.7). Low lectin pathway
activity, verified to be due to MBL deficiency, was associated with a

3.5-fold higher (95%CI; 0.815.3) VTE risk, whereas subjects with
activity in the highest quintile of the classical pathway had a 4.5-fold
(95% CI; 0.824.7) higher VTE risk. There were no interrelations
between parameters of TF-induced thrombin generation and deviations of the MBL and classical pathways of complement.
Conclusion: Our findings may imply that deviations in lectin and classical pathways of the complement system might be associated with risk
of unprovoked VTE.
PO305-TUE
Unique genetic variation in an invasive serotype
M23ND strain of Streptococcus pyogenes influences
bacteriumhost cell interactions and complementmediated opsonization
Agrahari G1,2, Liang Z1,2, Higashi DL3, Lee SW3, Ploplis VA1,2 and
Castellino FJ1,2
1
Chemistry and Biochemistry; 2W M Keck Center for Transgene
Research; 3Department of Biological Sciences, University of
Notre Dame, Notre Dame, USA
Background: The complement and coagulation pathways act in concert
to prevent pathogenic bacterial infections. Streptococcus pyogenes, or
Group A streptococcus (GAS), is a human specific pathogen that
exploits both host complement and fibrinolytic systems to facilitate its
survival and dissemination within the host. The remarkable genetic
variability present within GAS species results in the differences in the
pathogenic potential between strains. Therefore, identification and
characterization of different GAS isolates have been central to pathogenic studies of GAS infections.
Aims: To elucidate the influence of genetic variation on virulence of
Serotype M23 (emm23) strain (M23ND), isolated from an invasive
human infection.
Methods: Molecular biology techniques were employed to modify isolated M23ND/covR+S strain into an M23ND isogenic strain with a
native covS mutation corrected to M23ND/covR+S+. Two well-characterized AP53/covR+S and AP53/covR+S+ strains were also used
for comparison. Flow cytometry and Western blotting techniques were
used to determine the interaction of M23ND strains with the complement system. Mouse survival studies were performed in a plasminogen
humanized mouse model. Phagocytic assays were conducted with isolated human neutrophils.
Results: Unlike AP53/covR+S, M23ND/covR+S cells displayed
negligible binding of host complement inhibitors of C3 convertase,
viz., Factor H (FH) and C4-binding protein (C4BP). However, despite
minimal binding of FH and C4BP, M23ND/covR+S still showed
minimal C3b deposition, weak phagocytosis by neutrophils, and did
not protect mice against lethality. Further, M23ND/covR+S resulted
in reduced adherence and internalization by HaCaT cells during adhesion assays.
Conclusion: Our data support the hypothesis that the enhanced virulence in M23ND is due to the unique genetic variation in the CovRS
system, which influences bacteria-host interactions and opsonization
process.
ABSTRACTS
PO306-TUE
CD44 antibodies can directly inhibit murine
macrophage FC-gamma receptor and complement
receptor 3 mediated phagocytosis
Amash A1, Wang Y2, Wang L2, Lazarus AH3 and on behalf of The
Toronto Platelet Immunology Group
1
The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St.
Michaels Hospital, Toronto, Canada; 2Hematology Department,
Oncology Center, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan,
China; 3Canadian Blood Services Centre for Innovation and The
Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michaels
Background: Phagocytosis is thought to play a significant role in the
pathobiology of autoimmunity including cytopenias. CD44 antibodies
are able to ameliorate autoimmunity and we have thus examined the
ability of CD44 antibodies to directly inhibit Fc-gamma receptor
(FcgR) and complement receptor-3 (CR3)-mediated phagocytosis
in vitro.
Aims: To evaluate the effect of anti-CD44 on FcgRs and CR3 mediated phagocytosis.
Methods: Peritoneal macrophages (PerM), bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM), and the RAW264.7 cell line were evaluated. Macrophages were treated with the CD44 antibody IM7, deglycosylated
IM7, or control antibodies and phagocytosis of fluorescent-labeled
and IgG-sensitized sheep RBCs (SRBCs) was assessed by confocal
microscopy and flow cytometry. for CR3-mediated phagocytosis, macrophages were activated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and
SRBC sensitized with IgM and complement C5-deficient human
serum.
Results: CD44 antibody inhibited FcgR-mediated phagocytosis. This
inhibition was at the level of binding of the sensitized SRBCs to the
macrophages. The inhibitory effect of anti-CD44 was absent in
CD44/BMDM confirming that CD44 expression is required for this
effect. Deglycosylated CD44 antibody which does not bind well to
FcgR was also able to inhibit phagocytosis, suggesting that inhibition
was not dependent on anti-CD44 FcgR-interactions. CD44 antibody
also inhibited CR3-mediated phagocytosis, demonstrating that inhibition is at a level common for these two distinct mechanisms of phagocytosis.
Conclusion: CD44 antibodies inhibit FcgR- and CR3-mediated phagocytosis. This effect is not likely mediated by the direct binding and
blockage of FcgRs. Further study is needed to understand the mechanism underlying this effect and its usefulness for the amelioration of
autoimmune cytopenias.
PO307-TUE
Exogenous and endogenous toll-like receptor ligands
induce the formation of platelet-neutrophil and
platelet-monocyte complexes in human whole blood
Seyfert J, Bode C, Duerschmied D and Ahrens I
Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, University of Freiburg,
Freiburg, Germany
Background: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognize their natural pathogenous agonists as well as endogenous ligands like histones, which
are released under inflammatory conditions. TLR activation results in
activation of immune cells and thereby can lead to formation of platelet-neutrophil and platelet-monocyte complexes (PNCs and PMCs).
Complex formation facilitates extravasation of the cells into tissues
and enhances processes as atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction.
Aims: We tested the effect of various agonist stimulation of human
TLRs on PNC and PMC formation.
619
Methods: Whole blood from healthy donors was analyzed by flow

cytometry. PNC levels were quantified after ex vivo stimulation with
agonists for TLRs 1 to 9, histones H3 and H4. Vehicle and ADP
(2 lM, 20 lM) were used as controls. A four color staining was
applied with CD45 for leukocytes, CD15 for neutrophils, CD14 for
monocytes and CD41 for platelets. PNCs and PMCs were measured
as percentage of CD41 positive events of all CD15 or CD14 positive
events.
Results: Stimulation with ADP (2 lM, 20 lM) compared to vehicle
increased PNC levels by 18% and 57%, respectively (P < 0.01), as well
as PMC levels by 66% and 56%, respectively (P < 0.01). H3 and H4
increased PNC formation by 58% and 64% (P < 0.01) whereas TLR
stimulation with various agonists did not alter PNC levels significantly. Treatment with H3 produced 60%, with H4 43% more PMCs
compared to vehicle (P < 0.01). Stimulation with TLR8 agonist
increased PMC count by 30% (P = 0.04), with TLR4 agonist by 28%
(P = 0.046).
Conclusion: Histones H3 and H4 as endogenous TLR ligands increase
PNC and PMC formation in vitro indicating possible immunomodulatory function.
PO308-TUE
Complement activation and thrombin generation in
healthy individuals subjected to mild isobaric hypoxia
and venous stasis
Hiland II1, Liang R1, Hald EM1,2, B;rvik T1, Latysheva N1,2,
Ramberg C1,2, Mollnes TE1,3,4, Hansen JB1,2 and on behalf of K.
G.Jebsen Thrombosis Research and Expertise Center (TREC)
1
Clinical Medicine, K.G Jepsen Thrombosis Research and
Expertise Centre TREC, The Artic University of Norway Uit;
2
Norway, Troms; 3Department of Immunology, Oslo University
Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo; 4Research Laboratory,
Nordland Hospital, Bod, Norway
Background: A local milieu with severe hypoxia and stasis in the valvular pockets of large veins is the most frequent site for initiation of
venous thromboembolism (VTE). The underlying mechanism(s) are
unclear, but may involve a cross-talk between complement- and subsequent coagulation activation. Previous studies have reported endogenous thrombin generation secondary to mild hypobaric hypoxia which
may explain the modest VTE risk after air flights.
Aims: To investigate whether mild isobaric hypoxia with subsequent
venous stasis activates the complement- and coagulation systems
Methods: A randomized, single-blinded study was performed in 30
healthy subjects of which 20 individuals were subjected to air with
16% O2 and 10 controls to 21% O2 for 60 min, followed by venous stasis for 20 min. of the upper right arm (cuff with 40 mmHg). Blood was
collected from a cannula in the antecubital vein of the right arm. Complement activation was monitored by measurement of activation products by enzyme-immunoassays, whereas endogenous thrombin
generation was assessed by TAT and F 1 + 2. The study was approved
by the research ethics committee and all subjects gave informed written
consent.
Results: Exposure to mild isobaric hypoxia for 60 min was accompanied by a drop in O2-saturation from 98% to 93% (P < 0.001), activation of the complement system as measured by the activation products
C4bc (from 3.6 to 5.7 Units mL1 P < 0.01) and C3bBbP (from 11.0
to 16.0 Units mL1 P < 0.01), and endogenous thrombin generation
(TAT from 3.0 to 15.4 lg L1, P < 0.001). Except for C4bc showing a
trend (P = 0.08). Independent of air O2, subsequent venous stasis was
associated with additional increase in thrombin generation, assess by
TAT and F 1 + 2 (P < 0.05), but not in complement activation.
620
ABSTRACTS
Conclusion: Our findings imply that mild isobaric hypoxia is associated

with limited activation of the complement- and coagulation systems
not statistically different from measurements under normal oxygen
supply.
Management of bleeding I
PO309-TUE
Retrospective evaluation of the use of recombinant
factor VIIa before and after the implementation of a
pharmacist-led factor stewardship program
White T, Amerine LP and Li Chen S
Pharmacy, UNC Medical Center, Chapel Hill, USA
Background: Recombinant Factor VIIa (rFVIIa) is FDA approved for
use in patients with hemophilia and factor VII deficiency. Additional
off-label indications are supported in the literature; however, there are
concerns about overuse of rFVIIa in the hospital setting due to high
cost and risk of VTE.
Aims: The purpose of this study was to assess how the implementation
of a pharmacist-led factor stewardship program at an academic medical center influenced prescribing of rFVIIa in accordance with evidence based institutional guidelines.
Methods: The study was a single center, retrospective quality improvement project. All patients 18 years and older who received rFVIIa
between July 2008 and June 2014 were included. Patients were
excluded if they had Factor VII deficiency, acquired factor VIII inhibitor, or underwent cardiothoracic surgery or neurosurgery. The primary objective was to compare appropriate rFVIIa prescribing before
and after implementation of the factor stewardship program. Appropriate prescribing was defined as dosing and indications that complied
with institutional guidelines for factor use. Secondary endpoints
included number of doses and mean dose given, amount of blood
products given within 24 h pre- and postdose, hospital length of stay,
24 h and 30 day mortality, and incidence of VTE.
Results: A total of 207 patients were included: 117 patients pre-and 90
patients post-implementation of the factor stewardship program. The
mean number of rFVIIa doses decreased from 2.3 to 1.3 and the mean
dose decreased from 72.6 to 50.4 lg kg1. Appropriate prescribing
increased from 37% to 57%. Mortality rates at 24 h and 30 days were
reduced from 23% to 16% and from 47% to 39% respectively.
Conclusion: A pharmacist-led factor stewardship program successfully
reduced the use and doses of rFVIIa. At the same time, adherence to
institutional prescribing guidelines and mortality rates improved.
PO310-TUE
Use of a 4 factor prothrombin complex concentrate in a
United States community hospital system
Kelly LR and Garcia B
Pharmacy, Presbyterian Healthcare Services, Albuquerque, USA
Background: A 4 factor Prothrombin Complex Concentrate [Human])
(4FPCC) was approved by the United States of America (USA) Food
and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2013 for the urgent reversal of
vitamin K antagonist therapy in adult patients with acute major bleeding, or the need for an urgent surgery or invasive procedure. To determine if the product was being used appropriately at three hospitals in
Albuquerque, New Mexico USA, an audit was performed via retrospective chart review. The study complies with the Declaration of Helsinki.
Aims: The audit was preformed to determine if usage of 4FPCC in

three hospitals in a metropolitan area of the USA was in accordance
to labeling by the FDA.
Methods: Adult patients who had received 4FPCC in the 6-month time
frame for the study were included (April October of 2014). Patients
were identified via the dispensing logs located in the pharmacy department and the electronic medical record (EMR) in a healthcare system
that includes three nonprofit community hospitals in Albuquerque,
New Mexico USA. 4FPCC use was audited for indication, dosage, the
patients initial International Normalized Ratio value, patient weight,
and concomitant vitamin K administration.
Results: Twenty-five patients met the inclusion criteria. All had an
FDA-approved indication for 4FPCC administration. All patients
received correct dosing as per the FDA labeling however only 19
patients correctly received concomitant vitamin K administration.
Conclusion: 4FPCC was administered to adult patients at our facilities
for FDA-approved indications and at the correct dosage for all
patients in the study period. However, vitamin K administration,
required as adjunctive therapy in the FDA labeling, was not given
24% of the time. This represents an opportunity for improvement at
our facilities. Outcomes will be compared for any differences in the
group that did not receive vitamin K. Adjustments to the order panel
in the EMR may be considered.
PO311-TUE
In vitro optimization of an innovative biological glue
composition
Plantier J-L, Duretz V, Chtourou S and Mondon P
Dir Innov Therapeutique, LFB Biotechnologies, Loos, France
Background: A biological glue with an innovative formulation was
proposed using fibrinogen and activated factor VII (FVIIa), as the
clotting inducer. The deposition of such a mixture in a wound will
allow the contact of FVIIa with endogenous tissue-factor and traces of
blood to ultimately clot fibrinogen.
Aims: In preliminary experiments we sought to evaluate the ability of
such mixture to clot in vitro.
Methods: To establish the mixture and to mimic the in vivo mechanism
of action, traces of plasma, exogenous tissue-factor, calcium and phospholipids were added in vitro to induce the clotting in an appropriate
buffer. The clotting efficiency was assessed by one-stage clotting assay,
visual detection and thromboelastometry .
Results: The minimum amount required for each of the inducers was
first determined. At least 3% of plasma, 0.5 pM of tissue factor,
2.5 mM of calcium and 2 lM of phospholipids were required to transform the glue solution. Then, the concentrations of FVIIa and fibrinogen were let to vary. A ratio of efficiency was established dividing the
ROTEM parameter MCF by the total clotting time (CT+CFT). Optimal clotting conditions as well as concentrations limiting the efficacy
were determined.
We then aimed to increase the viscosity of the solution to favor its contact with the targeted tissue. A cellulose derivate (Klucel MF 1%, Ashland) was found to be suitable. In its presence, the viscosity was
increased 3 times and the solution kept its original clotting parameters
(time to clot and efficiency of clotting). In addition, the solution containing fibrinogen, calcium and FVIIa, with or without the gelling
agent, kept up to 70% of its activity following a 7 days incubation at
25 C.
Conclusion: This study allowed generating an efficient glue mixture
with an increased viscosity possessing a long-lasting hemostatic effect.
This property that differentiates this glue from the classical biological
glues may confer a significant advantage in vivo in controlling during
time the blood loss from the wound.
ABSTRACTS
Disclosure of Interest: J.-L. Plantier Employee of: LFB Biotechnologies, V. Duretz Employee of: LFB Biotechnologies, S. Chtourou
Employee of: LFB Biotechnologies, P. Mondon Employee of: LFB
Biotechnologies.
PO312-TUE
4F-PCC (Beriplex P/N) is superior to 3F-PCC for
reversal of coumarin anticoagulation in a rat bleeding
model
Herzog E, Kaspereit F, Krege W, Niebl P and Dickneite G
CSL Behring GmbH, Marburg, Germany
Background: Four factor prothrombin complex concentrate (4F-PCC),
containing the human coagulation factors II, VII, IX and X, but not
3F-PCC (containing only minimal VII) is indicated for the urgent
reversal of acquired coagulation factor deficiency induced by VKA
therapy. Nevertheless, the use of 3F-PCC has been discussed for correcting hemostasis following warfarin overdose.
Aims: The study was conducted as a head-to-head comparison of a
4F-PCC and three factor PCCs (3F-PCC) for effective reversal of vitamin K antagonist (VKA) induced anticoagulation.
Methods: Rats received 2.5 mg kg1 phenprocoumon p.o. At 15.75 h
post dosing, animals were treated with a single i.v. dose of saline, 4FPCC (Beriplex P/N, Kcentra, CSL Behring) or 3F-PCC (Bebulin
VH, Baxter; Profilnine SD, Grifols). Study endpoints included bleeding following tail clip, activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT),
prothrombin time (PT) and determination of plasma levels of vitamin
K dependent coagulation factors.
Results: Coumarin anticoagulation of rats induced a rise in median
bleeding time by 2 fold from an average of 823 to 1800 s (max. observation period). In parallel, PT and aPTT were prolonged from 8.9 to
29.9 s and 14.5 to 25.5 s, respectively. Treatment with 4F-PCC was
able to fully and statistically significantly reverse bleeding, achieving
average bleeding times of 676 s. The two 3F-PCCs were not or only
partially able to reduce coumarin induced bleeding with average bleeding times of 1398 and 1708 s post treatment, respectively. PT could
only be normalized by 4F-PCC but not by 3F-PCCs. There was no
reduction in aPTT seen for any treatment option.
Conclusion: This first direct comparison of 4F-PCC and 3F-PCCs for
the reversal of VKA anticoagulation in a rat model of acute bleeding
suggests that replenishment of all four vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors including factor VII as achieved using a 4F-PCC may
result in superior efficacy compared to the use of 3F-PCCs.
Disclosure of Interest: E. Herzog Employee of: Employee of CSL Behring GmbH, F. Kaspereit Employee of: Employee of CSL Behring
GmbH, W. Krege Employee of: Employee of CSL Behring GmbH, P.
Niebl Employee of: Employee of CSL Behring GmbH, G. Dickneite
Employee of: Employee of CSL Behring GmbH.
PO313-TUE
Evaluation of the performance of eight scores for
prediction of bleeding risk in Brazilian heart disease
outpatients treated with warfarin
Oliveira JAQ1, Ribeiro ALP1, Ribeiro DD2, Nobre Junior VA1,
Rocha MOC1 and Martins MAP3
1
Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal De Minas Gerais;
2
Hematologia, Hospital das Clnicas da Universidade Federal de
Minas Gerais; 3Faculdade de Farmacia, Universidade Federal De
Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
Background: Warfarin has been used successfully to reduce thromboembolism risk. However, bleeding complications are common. Several
621
prediction models were developed to estimate the risk of bleeding during anticoagulation therapy. However, there was no validation of these
models in Brazilian population.
Aims: The aim of the study is to compare the performance of eight prediction models for bleeding risk in warfarin-treated outpatients.
Methods: The dataset derived from a clinical trial conducted to evaluate the efficacy of an anticoagulation clinic at university hospital in
Brazil. A total of 280 outpatients with heart diseases and chronic indication to use warfarin were enrolled. Eight prediction models (OBRI,
Kuijer et al., Kearon et al., HEMORR2HAGES, Shireman et al., RIETE, HAS-BLED and ATRIA) were compared to evaluate the overall
model performance by Nagelkerkes R2 estimation, discriminative
ability by the concordance (c) statistic and calibration of the models
by the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit statistic. The primary outcome variables were the first episodes of major and minor bleeding
events within 12 months of follow-up.
Results: Major bleeding occurred in 14 participants (5%), minor bleeding in 159 (56.8%) and no bleeding at all in 119 (42.5%). The majority
of the participants who experienced major bleeding had their risk misclassified. All the models presented poor discriminative ability (c index
ranged from 0.423 to 0.545) and low overall performance (Nagelkerkes R2 values ranged from 0.0% to 0.4% for minor bleeding and
from 0.0% to 2.2% for major bleeding prediction). Only OBRI, Kearon et al., HEMORR2HAGES and RIETE models presented good
calibration for predicting both major and minor bleedings.
Conclusion: All the models tested demonstrated poor performance for
predicting minor and major bleeding events in Brazilian patients, suggesting that more accurate models for this population should be investigated.
PO314-TUE
Idarucizumab specifically reverses dabigatran
anticoagulation but does not induce a procoagulant
state in a porcine trauma model with dabigatran
anticoagulation
Honickel M1, van Ryn J2, Schurer J2, Rossaint R1 and Grottke O1
1
Anesthesiology, RWTH University Hospital, Aachen;
2
CardioMetabolic Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim,
Biberach, Germany
Background: Idarucizumab is an antibody fragment (Fab) designed to
inhibit the anticoagulant effect of dabigatran. Ideally, reversal agents
should only antagonize or neutralize the anticoagulant without inducing a procoagulant state.
Aims: This study assessed any potential procoagulant properties of idarucizumab in a porcine polytrauma model with dabigatran anticoagulation.
Methods: Oral dabigatran etexilate (30 mg kg1 bid, n = 12) or placebo (sham, n = 6) was administered to male pigs for 3 days and
infused on day 4 for consistent dabigatran levels. All animals underwent blunt liver injury and were randomized to idarucizumab,
120 mg kg1 (Fab 120) or saline (dabigatran control) 15 min post
injury. Blood loss (BL), thrombin generation (TG) and platelet aggregation (PA) were tested for 4 h or until death. Dabigatran levels were
measured as dTT (Hemoclot) and TG with thrombinography (5 pM
tissue factor, TF). PA to TF, 1:2000 dilution, collagen (2 lg mL1) or
adenosine diphosphate (5 lM ADP) was measured using light transmission aggregometry for 5 min and assessed as AUC (V*s).
Results: Dabigatran levels were 1205 414 ng mL1 prior to trauma.
This level of anticoagulation resulted in complete inhibition of TG
(ETP 0 0 nM*min). After dosing Fab 120, ETP increased to
393 47 nM*min, which was comparable to TG in sham animals
(ETP: 346 46 nM*min). Bleeding stopped within 15- 30 min (total
BL 1140 109) and dabigatran levels immediately decreased to
0 ng mL1. TG in controls was not measurable and total BL increased
622
ABSTRACTS
to 2977 316 mL. TF-induced PA was inhibited from 226 32 V*s

in sham group to 10 16 V*s in controls (P < 0.001). Aggregation
normalized after Fab 120 to 197 27 V*s at 120 min (P > 0.05 vs.
sham). Collagen and ADP-induced aggregation were not affected.
Conclusion: In this lethal porcine trauma model, idarucizumab significantly decreased blood loss induced by supratherapeutic dabigatran
and blunt liver injury. This was associated with a return of anticoagulation to baseline without inducing a hypercoagulable state.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Honickel: None declared, J. van Ryn
Employee of: Boehringer Ingelheim, J. Schurer Employee of: Boehringer Ingelheim, R. Rossaint Consultant for: CSL Behring, Novo Nordisk, O. Grottke Grant/Research Support from: CSL Behring, Novo
Nordisk, Boehringer Ingelheim, Consultant for: Bayer Healthcare,
Portola, Boehringer Ingelheim.
PO315-TUE
Whole blood thromboelastometry profiles in patients
undergoing major orthopaedic surgery
Spiezia L, Vasques F, Behr A, Campello E, Maggiolo S, Fadin M
and Simioni P
Background: Major orthopaedic surgery is characterized by thrombotic and haemorrhagic complications. Several studies have failed to
demonstrate the usefulness of classical coagulation parameters to predict both the thrombotic and the bleeding risk. Using whole blood for
coagulation analysis theoretically could be more favourable compared
with plasma. Whole blood rotation thromboelastometry (ROTEM,
Tem International GmbH, Munich, Germany) is a point-of-care global coagulation analyzer able to evaluate the characteristics of clot formation and lysis by dynamic monitoring.
Aims: To record thromboelastographic profiles, using ROTEM, in
patients undergoing major orthopaedic surgery.
Methods: Twenty patients (M/F 8/12, age 4890) undergoing major
orthopaedic surgery were consecutively enrolled. Samples were collected immediately pre-surgery (T0-pre), immediately post conclusion
of the surgery (T0-post), 1 day post the surgery (T1) and 5 2 days
post surgery (T2). Intrinsic (INTEM) and extrinsic (EXTEM) coagulation pathways and the function of fibrinogen (FIBTEM) were evaluated. Thromboelastographic parameters considered were clotting time
(CT sec.) and clot formation time (CFT sec.) in INTEM and EXTEM
and maximum clot firmness (MCF mm) in FIBTEM.
Results: CT in INTEM and EXTEM was similar at each time-points
considered in the study. CFT (mean SD) in INTEM and EXTEM
were significantly prolonged at T0-post (71.6 35.0 and
82.35 52.3 s, respectively) than at T0-pre (57.6 20.0 and
59.1 14.4 s, respectively; P < 0.01 in both cases). MCF in FIBTEM
was significantly lower at T0-post than at T0-pre (19.0 9.0 v
24.2 11.7 mm, respectively; P < 0.01)
Conclusion: Thromboelastometry, performed by ROTEM immediately after surgery identified a hypocoagulable profile. These changes
may contribute to the bleeding risk that occurs in the perioperative
period. Future prospective studies aimed at correlating hemostatic
changes with perioperative outcomes are warranted.
PO317-TUE
A multicenter observational study of the effectiveness
of prothrombin complex concentrate for treatment of
bleeding in the perioperative and intensive care
setting: probe study
Chowdary P1, Tang A2, Watson D2, Besser M3, Collins PW4,
Creagh MD5, Qureshi H6, Rokicka M7, Nokes T8, Diprose P9,
Frith S10 and Gill R9
1
Royal Free Hospital, London; 2Blackpool Teaching Hospital,
Blackpool; 3Addenbrookes Hospital, University of Cambridge,
Cambridge; 4Arthur Bloom Haemophilia Centre, University
Hospital of Wales, Cardiff; 5Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro;
6
Glenfield Hospital, Leicester; 7Royal Blackburn Hospital,
Blackburn; 8Derriford Hospital, Plymouth; 9Southampton General
Hospital, Southampton; 10CSL Behring, Haywards Heath, UK
Background: Few studies have investigated the use of prothrombin
complex concentrates (PCCs) to control bleeding unrelated to oral
anticoagulation.
Aims: To examine real-life use of PCC in perioperative and intensive
care settings in the UK.
Methods: This observational, non-interventional study was conducted
across nine centers. Patients with coagulopathy who required surgical/
diagnostic intervention and prophylactic hemostatic treatment (cohort
P), or with acute perioperative bleeding requiring hemostatic treatment (cohort T) were included. Patients treated with oral vitamin K
antagonists were excluded. The study was approved by an independent
ethics committee and informed consent was waived for the data collection.
Results: 372 patients received PCC (cohort P: 21; cohort T: 351; PCC
alone: 244) and 73 received fresh frozen plasma (FFP) only (cohort P:
19; cohort T: 54). In cohort P, PCC/FFP was administered prophylactically for a wide variety of surgical/medical procedures and investigations. Cardiac surgery was the most common setting in cohort T. The
median total dose of PCC in cohort P was 22.5 (IQR: 18.1
27.3) IU kg1, compared with 11.5 (IQR: 7.115.4) IU kg1 in cohort T.
Clinical effectiveness was judged as very good or satisfactory in 93.0%
of patients receiving PCC alone (cohort P: 87.5%; cohort T: 93.4%),
There was no significant association between dose and effectiveness
among recipients of PCC alone, though bleeding severity differences
may have confounded this analysis. Seven thromboembolic events
were considered as possibly related to PCC, an incidence comparable
to observational studies in cardiac surgery without PCC. One death in
a 70-year-old woman with acute promyelocytic leukemia was possibly
related to PCC treatment.
Conclusion: This study shows the potential for using PCC to treat coagulopathic bleeding in clinical settings beyond oral anticoagulation
reversal. The treatment was well tolerated and may have contributed
to the effective management of bleeding.
[Supported by CSL Behring]: Disclosure of Interest: P. Chowdary
Grant/Research Support from: CSL Behring, Consultant for: CSL
Behring, Speaker Bureau of: CSL Behring, A. Tang: None declared,
D. Watson: None declared, M. Besser Grant/Research Support from:
CSL Behring, Consultant for: GSK, Paid Instructor at: GSK, P. Collins Grant/Research Support from: CSL Behring, Consultant for: CSL
Behring, Speaker Bureau of: CSL Behring, M. Creagh: None declared,
H. Qureshi: None declared, M. Rokicka: None declared, T. Nokes
Consultant for: Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim and Pfizer/MSD,
Speaker Bureau of: Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim and Pfizer/MSD, P.
Diprose: None declared, S. Frith Employee of: CSL Behring, R. Gill
Consultant for: CSL Behring and Octapharma, Speaker Bureau of:
Octapharma.
ABSTRACTS
PO318-TUE
Bleeding complications after invasive dental
procedures in patients under vitamin K antagonists
Spinola A1, Coutinho M1, Leite F1,2,3, Morais S1, Moreira R4,
Pacheco E4, Pinho N1, Seidi N1, Cruz E1,5 and Campos M1
1
Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Clinical Hematology Unit,
nio-Centro Hospitalar Do Porto;
Hospital Santo Anto
2
Department of Biochemistry U38/FCT, Faculty of Medicine,
University of Porto; 3UMIB/ICBAS Unit for Multidisciplinary
Investigation in Biomedicine, Instituto de Ci^
encias Biom
edicas
nio-Centro
Abel Salazar; 4Stomatology Unit, Hospital Santo Anto
Hospitalar Do Porto; 5Basic and Clinical Research on Iron
Biology, IBMC-Institute for Molecular and Cellular Biology,
University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
Background: Increasing evidence in literature report that invasive dental procedures (IDP) can be safely performed within therapeutic international normalized ratio (INR), in patients on vitamin K antagonists
(VKA). However bleeding still occur due to its inherent risk.
Aims: To evaluate the prevalence of hemorrhages after IDP in patients
under VKA, with INR4 on procedures day.
Methods: Detailed IDP was assessed by a questionnaire. Bleeding complications were self-reported if no medical intervention was required,
otherwise clinical registries were reviewed.
Results: Overall, 333 IDP were evaluated, corresponding to 179
patients. 32.4% of them were anticoagulated due to atrial fibrillation.
IDP were: 188 tooth extraction, 127 scalping, 14 dentistry and 4 root
canal therapy. Prevalence of hemorrhage was 10.2% (n = 34), the
majority (n = 32) classified as minor local hemorrhage solved spontaneously or with local hemostatic measures using antifibrinolytic,
within 24 h. Only two patients had moderate bleeding and attended
the emergency service, both after one tooth extraction with therapeutic
INRs (2.87, 2.1). Reversion of VKA was performed with vitamin K
and prothrombin complex concentrate. No transfusions or hospitalization were required.
Considering the type of IDP, bleedings occurred in 16.5% (n = 31) of
the teeth extractions and in 2.4% (n = 3) of the scalping. Bleeding after
extractions were unrelated to the teeth number extracted: 11.7%
(n = 22) with one tooth extraction, 4.3% (n = 8) with two and 0.5%
(n = 1) with three teeth extracted. Post-IDP hemorrhage was unrelated
to INR, as 23% (n = 8) of the patients had INR<2.0, 55% (n = 19)
2.03.0 and 20.6% (n = 7) >3.04.0.
Conclusion: Tooth extraction was the intervention with more minor
bleeding episodes. Moderate hemorrhages were rare and severe complications were not seen. In conclusion, an adequate hemostasis can be
obtained in most situations using appropriate local hemostatic measures in patients with therapeutic INR.
PO319-TUE
An analysis of management strategies and outcomes in
NVAF patients treated with dabigatran: a multi-center
retrospective cohort of patients with major bleeding
events
Milling TJ Jr1, Ganetsky M2, Duffy C3, Paden H3 and Singer AJ4
1
Department of Surgery, Seton University of Texas Southwestern
Clinical Research Institute Austin, Austin, TX; 2Department of
Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center,
Boston, MA; 3Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc,
Ridgefield, CT; 4Department of Emergency Medicine, State
University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY, USA
Background: The new oral anticoagulant dabigatran etexilate (DE)
150 mg carries a similar risk of major hemorrhage as warfarin. A
623
recent meta-analysis concluded that the outcome of major bleeding

events in 5 phase III trials was no worse in DE-treated patients than in
warfarin-treated patients. However, the management of major bleeding events in non-study patients on dabigatran has yet to be studied
systematically.
Aims: We performed a structured multi-center analysis of electronic
medical record (EMR) data of non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF)
patients who presented with major bleeding events while being treated
with DE at 5 academic centers to evaluate management and outcomes
in routine clinical care.
Methods: EMR databases were queried for NVAF patients presenting
to the emergency department with ICD-9 codes for bleeding events,
and who were treated with DE. These charts were then systematically
reviewed by site staff to identify patients who met the International
Society of Thrombosis and Hemostasis (ISTH) definition of major
bleeding and to confirm the patient had taken at least one dose of DE
within 5 days prior to the index event. Exclusion criteria included documentation that the patient was taking a concomitant anticoagulant,
was receiving thrombolytic therapy or enrolled in an interventional
investigational study at the time of the onset of the index event. The
final cohort was examined for demographic data, types of bleeds,
treatments provided and outcomes.
Results: Results including demographic data, types of bleeds, treatments provided for management of the events and outcomes will be
reported.
Conclusion: To be provided upon review of final results.
The authors would like to thank Christian Fromm, Maimonides Medical Center, and Daniel Pallin, Brigham & Womens Hospital, for their
contributions to this study.
Disclosure of Interest: T. Milling, Jr: None declared, M. Ganetsky:
None declared, C. Duffy Employee of: Boehringer Ingelheim, H. Paden Employee of: Boehringer Ingelheim, A. Singer: None declared.
PO320-TUE
Use of prothrombin complex concentrate and activated
prothrombin complex concentrate for reversal of direct
oral anticoagulant associated bleeding
Castellucci LA1,2,3, Shaw J3, Le Gal G1,2,3, Tokessy M1, Cober N1,
Saidenberg E1 and Carrier M1,2,3
1
The Ottawa Hospital; 2Ottawa Hospital Research Institute;
3
University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
Background: The management of life threatening bleeding associated
with the direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) is controversial. Previously published small studies have shown that prothrombin complex
concentrate (PCC) and activated PCC (aPCC) therapies may be safe
and effective to control these bleeding episodes.
Aims: To describe the clinical outcomes of DOAC-associated life
threatening bleeding events managed using PCC and aPCC.
Methods: Retrospective review of patients presenting with life threatening bleeding events between January 2013 and June 2014 and were
managed using PCC or aPCC. The primary outcome was occurrence
of venous and arterial thrombotic events during hospitalization. The
secondary outcome was symptomatic control of bleeding.
Results: Twenty-one patients presented with life threatening bleeding
events. Ninety percent of the patients were anticoagulated for atrial
fibrillation, 10 were on rivaroxaban. Twelve patients received PCC
(57%; median dose: 1750 IU; range: 10002500 IU) and 9 received
aPCC (43%; 3000 IU; 17406111 IU). All patients received supportive
care and interventions to attain source control when possible. Patients
treated with PCC were more likely to be transfused additional hemostatic blood products with 50% getting rFVIIa vs. 0% in aPCC group.
Adverse events after receiving PCC and aPCC were uncommon. One
patient experienced a TIA post-aPCC and deficits resolved by hospital
624
ABSTRACTS
discharge. Two patients in each group had evidence of ongoing bleeding. Three patients died of major bleeding (one in PCC group).
Conclusion: DOAC-associated life threatening bleeding episodes managed using PCC or aPCC seems to be associated with a low rate of
adverse events. These therapies appear to be helpful in controlling
bleeding episodes, when combined with source control. Prospective
studies are needed to evaluate benefits and harms of PCC and aPCC
for management of DOAC-associated life threatening bleeding episodes.
PO321-TUE
Treatment approaches in spontaneous rectus sheath
hematomas in clinical practice. a single-center
experience
~ach JM2, Lopez-Andreoni L1, Loureiro J2,
Pons V1, Surin
1
Olivera P , Molero AG3, Marin A3, Bosch F3 and Santamaria A1
1
Hemostasis and Thrombosis Unit; 2Internal Medicine
Department; 3Hematology Department, University Hospital Vall
d Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
Background: Spontaneous rectus sheath hematoma (RSH) is a relatively rare condition that is usually associated with antithrombotic
treatment and whose management is not well established.
Aims: To investigate the clinical presentation and treatment of RSH
patients referred to the Hemostasis Unit in a tertiary hospital.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on all RSH patients
treated from January 2008 to May 2014.
Results: A total of 32 patients were identified during the review period.
Twenty-three cases (69%) were females and the median age at diagnosis was 73 years (5186). All patients were anticoagulated, 68% with
acenocoumarol and 31% with low molecular weight heparin
(LMWH). Fifty-nine percentage of subjects were classified as high
thrombotic risk (42% prosthetic mechanic heart valves). According to
HASBLED/RIETE bleeding score, half of them (53%) were included
in the higher group. The median renal clearance was 58 ml min1 (23
120) and 7 patients (21%) had prior bleeding history. Nearly half of
the events (46%) were coughing fit related. The most common clinical
presentation was a palpable mass associated with abdominal pain. In
12 patients (37%), doses of antithrombotic therapy were supratherapeutic. Reversion strategies (36%) were diverse and included vitamin
K, fresh frozen plasma, prothrombin concentrate and protamine sulfate. While a conservative approach was elected in 20 cases (59%), 12
(37%) patients underwent endovascular embolization successfully.
The hospitalization average was 14 days and 12% died, usually related
to other causes. At discharge, 56% of patients were treated with at
least intermediate doses of LMWH. The median time to reinitiate oral
anticoagulation (OA) was 28 days (1120).
Conclusion: In our cohort RSH occurs mostly in anticoagulated
patients with high thrombotic and bleeding risk. Although treatment
options were heterogeneous, vascular embolization was only required
in one-third of the cases and resumption of OA was usually postponed
after discharge.
Microparticles II
PO322-TUE
Synthesis and in vitro studies of nanoxides as
hemostatic agents for the blood coagulation
acceleration
Bergamasco J1, Zazeri G1, Da Rocha TRF2, DAmico

E2, De
Godoy MF3 and Nery JG1
1
S~
ao Paulo State University-UNESP, S~
ao Jos
e do Rio Preto;
2
Faculty of Medicine of S~
ao Paulo, S~
ao Paulo; 3Faculty of
Medicine of S~
ao Jose Rio Preto FAMERP, S~
ao Jos
e do Rio Preto,
Brazil
Background: Hemorrhage is one of the main cause of trauma related
deaths. The development of an effective method to treat uncontrolled
bleeding has become a priority. Studies involving the use of zeolites as
hemostatic agents have shown encouraging results for the control of
hemorrhage. When in contact with the blood, zeolites can adsorb the
blood water molecules, therefore concentrating the proteins and cellular elements to speed the clot formation.
Aims: This study reports the synthesis, characterization and in vitro hemostatic efficacy of the as made nanometric faujasite zeolite and its
calcium ion exchange derivate. The interaction of the zeolite surface
and the blood proteins can be understood through the glass effect
mechanism. The main parameters obtained by Thromboelastograph
are: R, K (times to reaching a 2 mm and 20 mm clots respectively) a
angle and MA (conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin and maximum
amplitude respectively).
Methods: The ion exchange experiments were performed with aqueous
salt solutions under controlled conditions. The materials were characterized by DRX, MEV and TEG was employed to assay the in vitro hemostatic efficacy.
Results: Experimental results of MEV and DRX were in agreement
with the pattern FAU zeolite reported in literature. Studies using TEG
analysis showed that the parameters such as time R, K, a angle and
MA suffer a modification. The time R was reduced by 6.6 min and the
time K reduced by 2.9 min when the FAU as made is in blood. Blood
with ion-exchange material reduced by 7.6 min in R and 2.8 min in K.
Besides the reduction of time to clot formation, there was also an
increase in thrombin generation and increased platelet adhesion.
Conclusion: Experimental TEG parameters have showed that the
blood clots more quickly when in contact with FAU nanoxide. Calcium ion exchange derivates were more efficient in comparison with
the as made nanozeolite. The results have indicates that zeolites materials are hemostatically active and capable of efficiently promoting
blood-clot formation.
ABSTRACTS
625
PO323-TUE
Composition-dependent effects of nanoparticles on
coagulation
PO324-TUE
Platelet activation releases mature MIR-494 in
microparticles
Bakhtiari K1,2, Meijers JC1,2, Laurent S3, Mintova S4, Ng E-P5,

Awala H4, Mirsadeghi S6, Mahmoudi M6,7 and Rezaee F8,9
1
Department Plasma Proteins, Sanquin Research; 2Department of
University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
3
Department of General, Organic, and Biomedical Chemistry,
NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons,
Mons, Belgium; 4Laboratory of Catalysis and Spectroscopy,
ENSICAEN, University of Caen, Caen, France; 5School of
Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia;
6
Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran
University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 7Division of
Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford
University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA; 8Department of
Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus Medical Center,
Rotterdam; 9Department of Cell Biology, clinical proteomics,
University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen,
Tay J1, Jorritsma J1, Hughes Q1 and Baker RI2,3

1
WA Centre for Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Murdoch
University, Murdoch; 2Perth Blood Institute, Nedlands; 3WACTH,
Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia
Background: With a rapid increase in nanoparticle (NP) applications

in biomedicine, the synthesis of many categories of NPs increases too.
The potential risk of these NPs remains unknown. One of the potential
affected pathways is blood coagulation.
Aims: To investigate the effects of four categories of NPs: 1-superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) that were uncoated or
coated with N- or C-dextran, 2-Gold (Gold sphere 20 nm, Gold sphere
30 nm, Gold-short rod and Gold-Long rod), 3-Nano-sized zeolite and
4-Silica, on coagulation using hemostatic assays.
Methods: Diluted prothrombin time, calibrated automated thrombography (CAT) and rotation thromboelastometry (ROTEM) in plasma
and whole blood were used to assess the effect of NPs on coagulation.
Effects of NPs on thrombin activity were determined in a purified. The
thrombin time was used to assess effects of NPs on fibrin polymerization.
Results: In plasma, the N-dextran coated SPIONs and Gold NPs
showed concentration-dependent prolongation of tissue factor (TF)initiated coagulation, while uncoated and C-dextran coated SPIONs
showed stimulation at low but inhibition at higher NP concentrations.
Nano-zeolite NPs accelerated tissue factor-initiated coagulation, while
silica NPs had no effect. In whole blood, the results with TF-initiated
coagulation matched those of the plasma system, except for uncoated
SPIONs, which had no effect on coagulation at higher doses.
Uncoated SPIONs acted via disruption of fibrin polymerization, while
C-dextran coated SPIONs directly inhibited the active site of thrombin. The effect of N-dextran coated SPIONs and one of the Gold
(short rod) NPs appeared to be mediated by platelets. Silica and three
other Gold NPs did not influence TF-initiated coagulation.
Conclusion: NPs differentially affect the coagulation process depending on their chemical composition. The interaction with coagulation
should be taken into account when designing NPs for future applications in biomedicine.
Background: Platelets are major contributors of circulating miRNA

pools and contain Dicer and Argonaute-2 complexes that process premiRNA transcripts into mature miRNA. We identified an oestrogendependent miR-494 expression profile, where inhibition of PROS1
expression by miR-494 is an indirect mechanism for acquired Protein
S (PS) deficiency in pregnancy. We have investigated whether miR-494
expression is detectable in human plasma and if platelet activation
leads to increased processing of pre-miR-494 and mature miR-494
release in platelet microparticles (PMPs).
Aims: Determine if miR-494 is detected in plasma, associated with
PMP and if platelet activation increases mature miR-494 levels.
Methods: Citrated venous blood was collected from nonpregnant
females and platelet rich plasma (PRP) was stimulated with
1 mg mL1 collagen for 60 min and compared to unstimulated control PRP, double spun platelet poor plasma (PPP) and ultracentrifuged
PPP (20,000 g 9 90 min). Samples were stained and analysed by flow
cytometry for platelet activation (GPIIIa/P-Selectin) and PMP quantitation (Annexin-V/PECAM-1/GPIIa/IIIb complex). Total RNA was
extracted from plasma samples, and the level of mature miR-494 was
determined by digital droplet PCR (DDPCR) and RT-qPCR.
Results: In PPP, miR-494 is detectable by DDPCR and RT-qPCR,
and not detectable in ultracentrifuged samples. Collagen-stimulated
PRP samples demonstrated platelet activation by increased in P-Selectin expression and a corresponding 2-fold increase in PMPs compared
to unstimulated samples. Levels of miR-494 were increased by approximately 60% following platelet activation.
Conclusion: Platelet activation increases PMP generation and miR-494
expression, suggesting that higher circulating PMP levels contain
increased levels of mature miR-494. PMPs may be the mechanism for
the delivery and control mechanism for the fall in PS levels with high
oestrogen levels with pregnancy.
PO325-TUE
Characteristics and role of extracellular vesicles in the
pathophysiology of transfusion dependent bThalassemia
Levin C1,2,3, Sabbah A2, Brenner B2 and Aharon A2
1
Pediatric Hematology Unit, Emek Medical Center, Afula;
2
Thrombosis and Hemostasis Unit and Department of
Hematology, Rambam Health Care Campus; 3The Bruce
Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
Background: Patients with b-Thalassemia Major (TM) require blood
transfusion for life and develop severe dysfunctions in major organs
and systems; however not all complications can be explained by iron
overload.
Aims: Characterization of extracellular vesicles (EV) in TM and evaluation of their role in the pathogenesis of TM complications.
Methods: Thirty transfusion dependent b-Thalassemia (TDT) patients
and 30 controls (C) were included. TDT patients were divided into 3
groups: 1) nonsplenectomized, 2) splenectomized (SP) and 3) hypersplenic (HS). EV characteristics (cellular origin, cytokine content,
thrombogenicity) were assessed by FACS and protein array. Apoptotic effects of patients EVs on endothelial and liver cells were evaluated
(TUNNEL).
626
ABSTRACTS
Results: EV count lL1 was lower in HS (178 96) compared to C

(410 167, P = 0.02) and SP (1812 1937, P = 0.001). The % of
RBC-EVs was lower in HS (22.5 20) vs. C (35.4 13, P = 0.03)
and SP (34.2 18, P = 0.06) and it correlated with the hematocrit in
HS and SP groups. The % of annexin-V labeled and EPCR-labeled
EVs were lower in patients (28 13; 19.2 14) vs. C (15.1 10,
P = 0.01; 32.9 17, P = 0.009) respectively. Substantial differences in
cytokines and angiogenic proteins between the controls and patients
were found. The amount of 11 proteins in SP-EVs was twice as high
compared to that of controls. Patient EVs induced higher apoptotic
rate on endothelial and liver cells (16.5% 10; 20.9% 6.6) compared
to control EVs (7.6% 5, P = 0.007; 14.8% 5, P = 0.09) respectively.
Conclusion: Important differences in EV properties (EV number, exposure of negatively charged phospholipids, cell origin and cytokine/antigenic protein content) were found between patient and control EVs.
The lower % of the anti-coagulant EPCR-labeled EVs observed in
patients might contribute to the prothrombotic tendency in TM.
Patient EVs increased apoptosis in cultured cells, suggesting a novel
mechanism of organ damage in TM.
PO326-TUE
Microparticles: whats plasma made of?
Brisson AR, Arraud N, Gounou C, Linares R and Tan S
University of Bordeaux, UMR-CNRS CBMN, Pessac, France
Background: Microparticles (MPs) are proposed to play major roles in
health and disease. However, despite intense research, our knowledge
on MPs is limited, mainly due to their small size, their heterogeneity
and the limitations of characterization methods. There is a critical
need for reliable methods enabling the quantification of MPs in health
and disease.
Aims: Our objective is to develop a simple and general method for enumerating the main populations of MPs in plasma of healthy subjects,
as a first step towards the development of diagnosis assays.
Methods: Ten platelet free plasma (PFP) samples were labeled with
Annexin5 (Anx5)-Cy5, anti-CD41-or anti-CD235a-mAb-PE. MP concentrations were determined by flow cytometry (FCM) on a Gallios.
Results: We have developed a simple FCM approach that enables to
detect about 50 times more MPs than conventional FCM methods
based on light scatter triggering (1). In this approach, MPs are
detected on the basis of their fluorescence (FL) intensity. We determined the concentrations of the main MP populations in PFP, originating from platelets or erythrocytes, as well as their sub-populations
that bind or not Anx5 (2). We find that PFP contains about 50,000
MPs per lL. About 50% of plasmatic MPs bind Anx5, out of which
30% are of platelet origin and only 3% of erythrocyte origin. The MP
concentrations determined by FL triggering are close to those determined by electron microscopy after on-grid sedimentation (3). Finally,
we found detection limits of about 1000 marker molecules, suggesting
that MPs down to 100150 nm diameter are detected by FL triggering.
Conclusion: The enumeration of MPs by FL triggering is a simple, reliable and highly sensitive method. The catalogue of MPs in normal
plasma constitutes a reference for disease studies. This work opens
avenues towards the development of standardized procedures for MP
analysis.
1. Arraud et al. J. Thromb. Haemost. DOI: 10.1111/jth.12767.
2. Arraud et al., Cytometry A (in revision).
3. Arraud et al. J. Thromb. Haemost. 2014 12: 614.
PO327-TUE
Coagulation activity of microparticles from different
cellular sources. involvement of active tissue factor
Mazurov A, Khaspekova S, Antonova O, Shustova O,
Golubeva N, Yakushkin V and Dobrovolsky A
Russian Cardiology Research and Production Complex, Russian
Ministry of Health, Moscow, Russian Federation
Background: Circulating microparticles (MPs) are formed upon activation and/or apoptosis of different blood cells and endothelial cells
(ECs). MPs are procoagulant due to the exposure of phosphatidylserine and the presence of tissue factor (TF) in some of them.
Aims: To compare coagulation activity and TF activity of MPs from
platelets, monocytes, granulocytes and ECs.
Methods: MPs were obtained from human blood platelets, monocytes
and granulocytes, from cultured monocytic THP-1 cells and human
umbilical vein ECs. Platelets were activated by thrombin activating
peptide, and other cells by lipopolysaccharide. MPs were sedimented
(20000 g, 30 min) from the supernatant or culture fluid of activated
cells, resuspeded in Tris-saline with 1% albumin, and stored at +4 C
for 3 days or at 70 C for several months. Coagulation activity of
MPs was evaluated by clotting of recalcified human plasma devoid of
endogenous MPs (20000 g, 90 min), which was followed by absorbance at 450 nm in microplate wells. TF activity was measured by activation of factor X in the presence of factor VIIa in chromogenic assay.
Results: Plasma clotting was significantly accelerated (decrease of lag
phase and increase of maximal rate) after addition of all tested MPs.
Maximal coagulation levels (short lag phase and high maximal rate)
were registered with MPs from ECs, intermediate with MPs from
platelets, monocytes and THP cells, and minimal with MPs from
granulocytes. Anti-TF antibodies prolonged the lag phase in the presence of MPs from ECs, monocytes and THP cells, but not from platelets and granulocytes. In accordance with these results TF activity
(factor VIIa/factor X chromogenic assay) was detected in MPs from
ECs, monocytes and THP cells, but not from platelets and granulocytes. Lactadherin (phosphatidylserine blocker) completely abolished
coagulation activity of all MPs.
Conclusion: Coagulation activity of MPs from ECs, monocytes and
THP cells, but not from platelets and granulocytes was partially
depended on the presence of active TF.
PO328-TUE
Impact of various anticoagulants and storage time
onplasma concentration and size distribution of
extracellular vesicles
Jamaly S1, Tichelaar V1, Olsen R2, Hald EM1,3, Ramberg C1,3,
Latysheva N1 and Hansen J-B1,3
1
Department of Clinical Medicine; 2Department of Electron
Microscopy, Institute of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health
Sciences, University of Tromso the Arctic University of Norway;
3
Norway, Tromso, Norway
Background: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) sized 501000 nm might play
an important role in the pathophysiology of many diseases, including
venous thromboembolism (VTE). Optimal pre-analytical handling is
essential for valid and reproducible measurements of plasma concentration and size distribution of EVs.
Aims: To investigate the impact of 4 different anticoagulants and
elapsing time on plasma concentration and size distribution of EVs.
Methods: Blood was drawn from10 healthy individuals into regular
blood collection tubes containing citrate, EDTA, CTAD or heparin as
ABSTRACTS
anticoagulant. EVs were measured using NanoSight NS300 and categorized by size (total count, <100, 100199, 200299 and 300
1000 nm). Plasma was either isolated immediately by centrifugation,
or the effect of time (1, 2, 4, and 6 h between blood collection and centrifugation) on concentration and size distribution of EVs was studied.
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to confirm the
presence of bilayer membranes of EVs. Scanning electron microscopy
was used to provide a general overview of the morphology and purity
of EVs.
Results: There were no significant differences in total plasma concentrations and size distribution of EVs between anticoagulants when
plasma was processed instantaneously. Heparin had higher concentration of large EVs than the other anticoagulants, which accounted only
for a small proportion of total EVs. The plasma concentration and size
distribution of EVs varied significantly by storage time without any
particular trend for all anticoagulants. TEM revealed mainly roundshaped particles with a bilayer phospholipid membranes and equal
appearance between anticoagulants. The high purity of EVs did not
differ between anticoagulants.
Conclusion: We observed a significant but unpredictable effect on
plasma concentration of EVs with elapsed time for all sizes and in all
anticoagulants. The type of anticoagulant did not influence concentration or size distribution of EVs when plasma was processed instantaneously.
PO329-TUE
Plasma concentration and size distribution of
extracellular vesicles in healthy individuals subjected
to mild isobar hypoxia and venous stasis
Brvik T1,2, Hiland II1, Hald EM1,2, Ramberg C1,2, Latysheva N1
and Hansen J-B1,2
1
Department of Clinical Medicine, The Arctic University of
Background: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) sized 501000 nm might play
an important role in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including
venous thromboembolism (VTE) due to their procoagulant properties.
Patients with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD), associated with low oxygen saturation and increased vascular resistance in the pulmonary circulation, have elevated plasma levels
of EVs and are at high risk of VTE, particularly of pulmonary embolism. However, it is unknown whether the rise in EVs is caused direct
by hypoxia or indirect through co-morbid conditions such as acute
infections.
Aims: To investigate whether mild isobar hypoxia with subsequent
venous stasis increase plasma concentration and alter size distribution
of EVs.
Methods: A randomized, single-blinded study was performed in 30
healthy subjects of which 20 individuals were subjected to air with
16% O2 and 10 subjected to 21% O2 (controls) for 60 min., followed
by venous stasis for 20 min. of the upper right arm (cuff with
40 mmHg). Blood were collected from a cannula in the antecubital
vein of the right arm. EVs were measured using NanoSight NS300 and
categorized by size (total count (501000 nm), <100, 100199, 200299
and 3001000 nm). The study was approved by the research ethics
committee and all subjects gave informed written consent.
Results: Exposure to mild isobar hypoxia for 60 min was accompanied
by a drop in O2-saturation from 98% to 93% (P < 0.001) without
affecting the total plasma concentration of EVs. However, subsequent
venous stasis in addition to mild hypoxia caused a moderate increase
in total plasma concentration of EVs from 1858 9 107 mL1 (1733
2375) (median with interquartile range) to 2648 9 107 mL1 (2348
627
3026). The stasis-induced increase in plasma concentrations of EVs did

not differ between groups.
Conclusion: Our findings imply that plasma concentrations of EVs are
not affected by mild isobar hypoxia, but increased moderately in
response to venous stasis.
PO330-TUE
New technique to study cell-derived microparticles
Thulin A1, Yan J2, Kamali-Moghaddam M2 and Siegbahn A1
1
Uppsala universitet, Department of Medical Sciences; 2Uppsala
universitet, Department of genetics and pathology, Uppsala,
Sweden
Background: Microparticles (MPs) are cell-derived vesicles released
from cell membranes of a variety of cells in response to activation or
apoptosis. They have a phospholipid bilayer which is rich in phosphatidylserine and are in the range from 0.1 to 1 lm. Elevated levels of
MPs have been found in vascular, immune and hemostatic disorders
and several MP-populations have been shown to be promising biomarkers in cardiovascular diseases. Flow cytometry is a high through-put
method allowing enumeration and characterization of MPs. However,
the small size and consequently weak signal from most MPs challenge
the sensitivity of the flow cytometer. The new generation of flow cytometers have an increased sensitivity and are able to accurately measure MPs down to 0.3 lm (High-sensitivity flow cytometry).
Aims: We are setting up a new technique to study MPs using the solid
phase proximity ligation assay (sPLA) and evaluating it by comparison with high-sensitivity flow cytometry.
Methods: An antibody is used to capture MPs in plasma on a solid
matrix. Oligo-conjugated antibodies then bind to proteins on the MPsurface. After a ligation step ligating the oligos, the ligation product is
detected using quantitative PCR. With this method we can with high
sensitivity detect different types of MPs of all sizes.
Results: We have shown a 20-fold increase in the number of tissue factor positive platelet-derived MPs in plasma after stimulation with
20 lM ADP 2 h. A good correlation between results from sPLA and
high-sensitivity flow cytometry analysis was found (Pearson R: 0.9869;
P = 0.0131).
Conclusion: This method shows good potential for sensitive and specific analysis of microparticles as biomarkers in for example cardiovascular diseases.
PO331-TUE
Microparticle level and origin during progression of
normal pregnancy: a longitudinal study in healthy
women
Campello E1, Radu CM1, Spiezia L1, Dhima S1, Visetin S2,
Gavasso S1, Woodhams B3, Cosmi E2 and Simioni P1
1
Department of Medicine; 2Department for Health of Mother and
Children, University of Padua, Padua, Italy; 3Haemacon Ltd,
Bromley, UK
Background: Microparticles (MP) are actively involved in increased
hypercoagulable reported both in normal pregnancies and in pregnancy diagnosed with placenta-mediated complications.
Aims: To study the origin and the levels of plasma MP and MP activity
in a group of healthy women followed longitudinally during normal
pregnancy.
Methods: Seventy-five healthy normotensive pregnant women were
enrolled and blood samples were prospectively collected at three differ-
628
ABSTRACTS
ent time points corresponding to: 1st trimester (T1), 2nd trimester
(T2), 3rd trimester (T3) of pregnancy. A group of age ( 3 years)
matched healthy non-pregnant women acted as controls. Both standard clotting parameters and MP of different origin were measured.
MP were identified by size and annexin V- FITC labelling using flowcytometer. Platelet-derived MP (P-Selectin+) were identified using
CD62P-PE; Endothelial-derived MP (EMP) using CD62E-PC5; Leukocyte-derived (LMP) by CD45-PC5 and Tissue factor-bearing MP
(TF+) by CD142-PE. Procoagulant activity of MP was assessed using
the STAProcoag PPL assay. Procoagulant MP activity was measured
using the STA Procoag PPL assay.
Results: The levels of total, platelet-, endothelial-, leukocyte-derived
and tissue factor-bearing MP in normotensive non-complicated pregnancy are higher in T1 as compared to non-pregnant age-matched
women. PPL clotting time was significantly shorter (P < 0.01), indicating increased procoagulant activity, in the three trimesters of pregnancy as compared to controls. The shortest median clotting timewas
found in the 3rd trimester [39 (3149) s]. Regardless of the origin, MP
levels gradually increase during pregnancy, with the highest values
reached in T3.
Conclusion: MP levels gradually increase during pregnancy. All types
of MP including TF+ present with the highest levels in T3 of normal
pregnancy. These may contribute to the increased hypercoagulable
observed, particularly in the last months of normal pregnancy.
Disclosure of Interest: E. Campello: None declared, C. Radu: None
declared, L. Spiezia: None declared, S. Dhima: None declared, S. Visetin: None declared, S. Gavasso: None declared, B. Woodhams Shareholder of: Haemacon Ltd, E. Cosmi: None declared, P. Simioni: None
declared.
PO332-TUE
Circulating microparticles in cord blood of normal
pregnancy and of pregnancy with preeclampsia (PET)
Campello E1, Spiezia L1, Radu CM1, Dhima S1, Visetin S2,
Gavasso S1, Woodhams B3, Cosmi E2 and Simioni P1
1
Department of Medicine; 2Department for Health of Mother and
Children, University of Padua, Padua, Italy; 3Haemacon Ltd,
Bromley, UK
Background: In women with pre-eclampsia (PET) extensive activation
of endothelial cells, leukocytes and coagulation has been reported. In
PET increased placenta microthrombi is a prevalent recurrent histological finding. It is proposed that a study of coagulation alterations in
cord blood may be more informative than that found in maternal
blood.
Aims: To evaluate microparticle (MP) subtypes in the maternal peripheral blood and in the venous cord blood of pregnant women with PET
in labour compared to those of a group of healthy parturient women.
Methods: Thirty-two pregnant women in labour, 16 with PE and 16
healthy parturient, in which blood samples were obtained, immediately after delivery, from cord blood and from maternal peripheral
blood were enrolled. Total MP were identified by size and annexin V
labelling using flow-cytometer (AMP). Platelet-derived MP (PMP and
P-Selectin+) were identified adding anti-CD61 and anti-CD62P monoclonal antibody, respectively; endothelial-derived MP (EMP) using
anti-CD62E; leukocyte-derived (LMP) by CD45 and Tissue factorbearing MP (TF+) by CD142. Procoagulant activity of MP was
assessed using the STAProcoag PPL assay.
Results: Total MP, P-Selectin+, LMP and TF+MP are increased in
pregnancies complicated by PE compared with normotensive parturient women (P < 0.05 in all comparisons). PMP levels are decreased in
PE than in healthy women (P < 0.05). No difference was seen in EMP
levels between the two groups. The PPL clotting time was significantly
shorter (P < 0.05) in PE compared with controls. When we analysed
only venous cord blood, all MP detected were significantly higher in
PE than in healthy normotensive parturient women (P < 0.05 in all

comparisons).
Conclusion: We confirmed the role of MP in the hypercoagulable and
pro-inflammatory intravascular reaction during PET. Larger prospective studies are needed to better define the clinical utility of MP measurement in peripheral and cord blood in PET.
declared, C. Radu: None declared, S. Dhima: None declared, S. Visetin: None declared, S. Gavasso: None declared, B. Woodhams Shareholder of: Haemacon Ltd, E. Cosmi: None declared, P. Simioni: None
declared.
Natural anticoagulants
PO333-TUE
A gain-of-function variant of protein C manifests itself
as type II protein C deficiency in a healthy subject
Ding Q1, Yang L2, Dinarvand P2, Wang X1 and Rezaie AR2
1
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai
Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China;
2
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, St. Louis University
Medical School, St. Louis, USA
Background: In a recent cohort study we identified a healthy PC deficient subject whose PC antigen level of 65% and activity level of 50%
(chromogenic assay) and 36% (clotting assay) were markedly low as
observed in type II PC deficiency. The proband has a negative family
history of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Genetic analysis revealed
the proband has a heterozygous missense mutation in which Thr-315
of PC has been substituted with Ala (PC-T315A).
Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the molecular basis for
this apparent type II PC deficiency in the subject.
Methods: PC-T315A was expressed in HEK-293 cells and its anticoagulant and antiinflammatory activities were compared to those of wildtype PC (PC-WT) in both activated and zymogenic forms. Established
coagulation and cell-based assays were used to characterize properties
of activated PC-WT (APC-WT) and APC-T315A. Same assays were
used to analyze the activity of zymogens by coupling their activation
by the thrombin-thrombomodulin (TM) complex to their enzymatic
functions. for analysis of signaling activities of zymogens, a thrombin
mutant (W215A/E217A) was used which has no activity toward
PAR1, but can activate PC normally on endothelial cell surface.
Results: Similar to subjects plasma, a decrease in the activity of APCT315A was observed in both purified and plasma-based assays. However, when anticoagulant assays were coupled to PC activation by
thrombin-TM, PC-T315A exhibited improved anticoagulant activity.
Similarly, coupling PC activation by thrombin-W215A/E217A on
endothelial cells, resulted in higher cytoprotective activity for PCT315A. Further analysis revealed Thr-315 is consensus N-linked glycosylation site for Asn-313 and that its elimination improves Vmax
(~45-fold) of PC activation by thrombin-TM.
Conclusion: The improved activation of the PC zymogen by thrombinTM may explain the basis for the probands negative VTE pedigree.
This variant is a gain-of-function mutant of PC that cannot be properly diagnosed by routine commercial kits.
ABSTRACTS
PO334-TUE
Evaluation of protein C levels in sickle cell disease
subjects seen at the University of Benin Teaching
Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria
Iheanacho O1 and Nwogoh B2
1
Haematology and Blood Transfusion, University of Benin
Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Edo State; 2Haematology and
Blood Transfusion, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State,
Benin, Nigeria
Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a hypercoagulable state. The
role of natural inhibitors of coagulation in the pathogenesis of SCD
has not been fully investigated in our environment.
Aims: This study was aimed at evaluating the levels of Protein C (PC)
antigen and activity in sickle cell disease subjects; and to determine if
any, the association between PC levels and parameters such as sex,
age, ABO and Rhesus D blood groups in the study subjects.
Methods: This is a cross sectional study conducted at the University of
Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City. A total of 29 consenting SCD
subjects were recruited through the Paediatric and Adult haematology
Clinics by simple random selection. Protein C antigen and activity levels were determined using immunological and functional assays respectively. Blood groups were determined using standard antisera whereas
the Hb phenotypes of the participants were already predetermined.
Results: The mean age of the subjects was 15.2 2.4 years, 19
(65.5%) were <18 years and 15 (51.7%) were males. Eighteen (62.1%)
were blood group O and 26 (89.7%) were Rh D positive. The average
levels of PC Antigen and Activity were (65.7 4.9) and (48.8 2.8)
respectively. Protein C antigen was significantly higher in subjects
above 18 years of age (P = 0.001). There was no significant association between PC levels and parameters such as sex, age, ABO and Rh
D blood group system.
Conclusion: Protein C levels were reduced in the SCD subjects and
functional PC (activity) deficiency was more prevalent in them. There
was no significant association between PC levels and the assessed
parameters (sex, age, ABO and Rh D blood group system).
PO335-TUE
Possible mechanism of activated protein C-induced
inhibition of osteoclast differentiation
Akita N1, Yoshida K2, Okamoto T3, Asanuma K2, Nishioka J4,
Suzuki K5 and Hayashi T6
1
Faculty of Medical Engineering, Suzuka University of Medical
Science, Suzuka-city; 2Department of Orthopaedic, Mie
University Graduate School of Medicine; 3Molecular
Pathobiology and Cell Adhesion Biology, Mie University, Tsucity; 4Department of Clinical Nutrition; 5Faculty of
Pharmaceutical Science, Suzuka University of Medical Science,
Suzuka-city; 6Department of Biochemistry, Mie Prefectural
College of Nursing, Tsu-city, Japan
Background: Activated protein C (APC) is an important serine protease which inactivates the blood coagulation cofactors, factor Va and
VIIIa. So far, we have demonstrated that APC promotes the osteoblast proliferation via EPCR, and recently, that APC inhibits the differentiation of osteoclast precursor cells into osteoclast via EPCR.
Aims: The purpose of this study is to elucidate the detailed molecular
mechanism of inhibitory action of APC on the differentiation of osteoclast precursor cells into osteoclast.
Methods: The effects of APC, protein C (PC) and S1P receptor agonist
(FTY720) on the osteoclast differentiation were examined as follows:
Normal human osteoclast precursor cells were cultured in their growth
medium including soluble RANKL, M-CSF, and FBS, and on day 4
629
and 7, the culture medium was replaced with same medium containing
various concentration of APC, PC or FTY720 without FBS. On day 8,
TRAP-positive multinucleated cells (3 nuclei) were counted manually
using a light microscope. The effects of PC, anti-EPCR antibody, antiPAR-1 antibody, anti-apoER2 antibody and recombinant apoER2 on
the APC-induced inhibition of osteoclast differentiation were examined by mixing them with APC, and treating on day 4 and 7, and then
counting the number of osteoclast in a similar manner on day 8.
Results: APC dose-dependently inhibited the osteoclast differentiation,
but PC and FTY720 did not exhibit inhibitory activity. PC dosedependently interfered with the APC-induced inhibition of osteoclast
differentiation. Similar to anti-EPCR antibody anti-PAR-1 antibody,
anti-apoER2 antibody and recombinant apoER2 blocked the APCinduced inhibition of osteoclast differentiation.
Conclusion: Our results suggested that the APC-induced inhibition of
osteoclast differentiation is also mediated by PAR-1 and apoER2,
along with EPCR on cell membranes, and these receptors are correlated with APC-induced inhibition of the osteoclast differentiation in a
collaborative manner.
PO336-TUE
Pharmacokinetic study of the novel anticoagulant
peptide variegin using LC-MS/MS, chromogenic
substrate and modified thrombin time assays
Shih N1,2 and Kini RM1,2
1
Department of Biological Sciences; 2NUS Graduate School for
Integrative Sciences & Engineering (NGS), National University of
Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
Background: Anticoagulants are used for treatment of thromboembolic disorders. Although effective, anticoagulants such as heparin or
warfarin have many limitations, for example a narrow therapeutic
window and risk of excessive bleeding. This calls for the development
of effective anticoagulants without these limitations. Previously, we
isolated the variegin peptide from the saliva of the tropical bont tick
(Amblyomma variegatum). The variegin peptide was shown to be a
high affinity direct thrombin inhibitor (10 pM) and an effective anticoagulant in a mouse thrombosis model, with no risk of excessive bleeding. We have developed an LC-MS/MS, chromogenic substrate and
modified thrombin time assays for variegin quantitation in PK studies.
Aims: Development of an LC-MS/MS, chromogenic substrate and
modified thrombin time assays for variegin PK studies.
Methods: PK studies. Variegin was administered to pigs and blood
samples collected over-time.
LC-MS/MS assay. Plasma samples were extracted by solid phase
extraction and quantified by single reaction monitoring.
Modified thrombin time assay. Plasma samples were added to a
thrombin time assay and monitored at absorbance 650 nm.
Chromogenic substrate assay. Plasma samples were acid-treated and
added to an assay with thrombin and S2238 substrate, and monitored
at absorbance 405 nm.
Results: The LC-MS/MS assay has a linear range from 78.1 to
20,000 ng mL1 variegin plasma concentration. The modified thrombin time and chromogenic substrate assays, each comprising several
sub-assays with different thrombin concentrations, cover an overall
quantitation range of 19.5 to 20,000 and 39.1 to 20,000 ng mL1 of
variegin plasma concentration, respectively. Using a non-compartmental analysis, the elimination half-lives of variegin obtained from the
PK study using the LC-MS/MS, modified thrombin time and chromogenic substrate assays were 52.3 4.4, 50.4 5.9 and
70.4 6.6 min, respectively.
Conclusion: The LC-MS/MS and modified thrombin time assays can
be used for variegin PK studies.
630
ABSTRACTS
PO337-TUE
Thrombomodulin inhibits tissue factor mediated
thrombin generation in blood and prothrombin
complex concentrates
Fareed J1, Hoppensteadt D1, Syed D1, Kahn D1, Mosier M2 and
Kaul I3
1
Pathology; 2Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center,
Maywood; 3Asahi Kasei, Waltham, USA
Background: A recombinant thrombomodulin (Recomodulin, Asahai
Kasei, Tokyo, Japan) is currently used for the management of DIC
and related disorders. Beside inhibiting thrombin and forming complexes with this enzyme, Recomodulin (RM) mediates its therapeutic
effects involving modulation of inflammatory processes and thrombogenesis.
Aims: The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of RM on
thrombin generation in plasma and prothrombin complex concentrates.
Methods: RM 12,800 (2.02 mg) ampules were commercially obtained.
Working solutions of buffered RM were prepared at 100 lg mL1.
Tissue factor mediated generation of thrombin and its inhibition in
normal human plasma (NHP) (n = 25), platelet rich plasma (PRP)
(n = 25) and various prothrombin complex concentrates such as Beriplex, Cofact, Feiba, Konyne, Octaplex, Preconativ, Profilnin, Prothromplex (1 l mL1) were investigated utilizing a fluorometric
thrombokinetics method. In addition, thrombin generation markers
such as F1.2 and TAT complex were also measured. The effect of RM
on thrombin mediated fibrinokinetics was also measured using an optical method.
Results: RM produced a concentration dependent inhibition of thrombin generation in all systems. In the NHP the IC50 was
0.29 0.06 lg mL1 in contrast to PRP where the IC50 was
1.99 0.31 lg mL1. The inhibition of thrombin generation in various PCCs was also concentration and product dependent. Thrombin
generation markers were also inhibited. Marked inhibition was noted
in Preconativ, Prothromplex and Beriplex. RM also inhibited the
fibrin formation in both the PRP and NHP system in a differential
manner.
Conclusion: These results suggest that beside the direct inhibition of
thrombin, RM is capable of inhibiting thrombin generation in a
matrix dependent fashion. Moreover, RM is also capable of modulating fibrin formation as evident by fibrinokinetic studies.
Disclosure of Interest: J. Fareed: None declared, D. Hoppensteadt:
None declared, D. Syed: None declared, D. Kahn: None declared, M.
Mosier: None declared, I. Kaul Employee of: Asahi Kasei.
PO338-TUE
Heparanase activates antithrombin through the
binding to its heparin binding site

Bohdan N, Espn S, Aguila
S, Teruel-Montoya R, Corral J,
Vicente V and Martnez-Martnez I
edica, Hospital
Hemodonacio
Murcia, Spain
Background: Heparanase (HPase) is an endoglycosidase that participates in morphogenesis, tissue repair, heparan sulfates turnover and
immune response processes. It is over-expressed in tumor cells favoring the metastasis as it penetrates the endothelial layer that lines blood
vessels and facilitates the metastasis by degradation of heparin sulfates
proteoglycans (HSPG) of the extracellular matrix. Furthermore,
HPase cleaves the sequence in HSPG that is recognized by antithrombin (AT) leading to its activation.
Aims: To explore the interaction of HPase with AT and the potential

pathological consequences of such interaction.
Methods: Purified proteins were used to evaluate the interaction
between AT and HPase by SDS-PAGE and native gels. Anti-FXa and
anti-FIIa activities of AT in presence of HPase where analyzed using
chromogenic substrates and SDS-PAGE. R47C and P41L AT mutants
were used to determine the binding site for HPase. Intrinsic fluorescence measurement was performed to evaluate the conformational
change in AT provoked by the binding of HPase and the Kd.
Results: HPase interacts with AT in a non-covalent way. This interaction provokes the activation of AT but mainly increasing the anti-Xa
inhibition, supporting an allosteric activation effect. HPase binds to the
heparin binding site of AT as the activation of P41L and R47C mutants
is impaired as compared to wild type AT. Intrinsic fluorescence analysis
showed that HPase induces an activating conformational change in AT
similar to that induced by heparin and with a Kd of 1.32 nM.
Conclusion: We demonstrate that HPase interacts with AT and activates its inhibitory function. However, this effect could only happen in
physiological conditions in which HPase does not exert endoglycosidase activity and the expression is low. Only under hypoxia and low
pH conditions, HPase is able to degrade heparan sulfate proteoglycans. The physiological and pathological relevance of this interaction
is still under investigation.
PO339-TUE
Antithrombin binds to and enhances the barrier
function of huvecs independently of cell-surface
heparan sulfate proteoglycans
Saller F1, Pautus S1, Bourti Y1, De Carvalho A1, Abache T2,
Bianchini E1, Plantier J-L2 and Borgel D1
1
INSERM U1176 & UMR 1176 Univ. Paris Sud, Le KremlinBic^
etre; 2Direction de lInnovation Th
erapeutique, LFB
Biotechnologies, Loos, France
Background: Antithrombin (AT) has been shown to be protective in a
model of endothelial barrier disruption by LPS in EA.hy926 cells,
through unknown mechanisms. However, this effect appears to be
inhibited by fondaparinux (Fpx) and mediated by binding to heparan
sulfate (HS) proteoglycans.
Aims: To further explore the barrier-enhancing effects of recombinant
human AT (rhAT) in HUVECs and their dependency on HS proteoglycans.
Methods: rhAT was expressed in FreestyleTM 293-F cells and the endothelial barrier function of HUVECs was investigated using a real-time
impedance-based cell monitoring system (iCELLigence, ACEA Biosciences) on non-treated or TNF-treated monolayers. The binding of
rhAT to HUVECs was measured by ELISA on cell monolayers fixed
with 4% paraformaldehyde.
Results: Addition of 750 lg mL1 rhAT to HUVEC monolayers
induced: 1) a rapid (within minutes) increase in the Normalized Cell
Index (NCI) values, that peaked at ~45 min and returned back to control levels at 4 h; 2) a late increase in the NCI starting at 12 h and persisting at 48 h. Interestingly, pre-incubation of rhAT with saturating
concentrations of Fpx (25 lM) had no effect on these rhAT-dependent
increases in the NCI. The stimulation of HUVEC monolayers with
1 ng mL1 TNF induced a drop in the NCI that peaked at ~20 h
post-TNF and was followed by a late recovery phase. The drop in the
NCI was diminished and the recovery phase was accelerated when
HUVECs were pre-treated with rhAT for 4 h, either in the absence or
presence of Fpx. Furthermore, rhAT (0750 lg mL1) saturably
bound to HUVECs in our ELISA (Kd app = 337.7.2 21.7 nM) and
the binding of 750 lg mL1 rhAT was not inhibited by Fpx (2.5
250 lM). In addition, the binding of rhAT was not impaired (Kd app=
127.2 9.8 nM) when HUVECs were cultured with 50 mM NaClO3
ABSTRACTS
before fixation in order to reduce sulfation of the HS chains on HUVECs.
Conclusion: In the present study, AT was shown to bind to HUVECs
and to exert some barrier-enhancing effects with no apparent requirement for AT binding to HS.
PO340-TUE
Tetramethylpyrazine decreases Receptor for Advanced
Glycation End-products (RAGE) via suppression of
Foxa2 and induction of nos in HepG2 cells
Li J1, Zhu W2 and Zhou P2
1
Department of Ultrasound, Xiangya Third Hospital, Central
South University; 2Department of Ultrasound, Xiangya Third
Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
Background: Diabetic liver damage results from hyperglycemia followed by increasing formation of advanced glycosylation end products
(AGEs), which leads to cardiovascular morbidity is dependent of
receptor for AGEs (RAGE). Tetramethylpyrazine, an active constituent of Chinese herb, possesses anti-coagulant, anti-inflammatory, antiangiogenic, and anti-oxidant activities. However, the effect and possible mechanisms of tetramethylpyrazine on RAGE responses remain
unclear.
Aims: To explore whether tetramethylpyrazine decreases AGEsinduced RAGE expression, and if this occurs through Foxa2 downregulation and NOS activation.
Methods: Transcriptional and protein levels were analysed by real-time
PCR and Western blots. The Foxa2 was over-expressed by plasmid,
NOS was silenced by short hairpin RNA and NOS activity inhibitor
NG-methyl-L-arginine (LNMMA), respectively.
Results: Tetramethylpyrazine significantly reduced the expression of
RAGE at both mRNA and protein level in HepG2 cells. Decreased
forkhead box protein A2 (foxa2) and increased NOS were confirmed
in the meantime. Additionally, overexpression of Foxa2, NOS shRNA
and LNMMA markedly abated the inhibitory effects induced by tetramethylpyrazine on RAGE expression in HepG2 cells.
Conclusion: Tetramethylpyrazine decreases RAGE via suppression of
Foxa2 and induction of NOS in HepG2 cells, suggesting a novel
potential mechanism for tetramethylpyrazine in hyperglycemia.
PO341-TUE
Quantitative transcriptome and proteome analysis of
dermacentor reticulatus salivary glands for the
identification of novel anticoagulants and
immunomodulatory proteins
Iyer J1, Slovak M2, Francischetti I3, Ribeiro J3 and Kini M1,4,5,6
1
Department of Biological Sciences, National University of
Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; 2Institute of Zoology, Slovak
Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia; 3Laboratory for
Malaria and vector research, National Institute of Allergy and
Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD,
USA; 4School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of
South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia;
5
Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK;
6
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical
College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University,
Richmond, Virginia, USA
Background: The ability of hematophagous arthropods to feed successfully on blood has evolved several times in various arthropod clades.
631
At each stage of evolution, novel solutions to counter the problem

posed by host hemostasis and immune system were generated. Hence,
the saliva of blood-feeding arthropods is an excellent source of antihemostatic and immunomodulatory molecules. Dermacentor reticulatus
(ornate cow tick) is a hard tick found in Europe, that feeds on the
blood of cattle, dogs and human. It has been hypothesized that for
successful feeding, ticks produce antithrombotic and immunomodulatory proteins during the course of feeding.
Aims: To identify novel anticoagulants and immunomodulatory proteins from the salivary gland extracts of D. reticulatus at different
stages of feeding and develop them as antithrombotic drugs and antitick vaccines.
Methods: The transcriptome of male and female tick SGEs was
sequenced by Illumina sequencing. The proteome of male and female
ticks SGEs were quantitatively analyzed with iTRAQ.
Results: We have identified about 50,000 transcripts in the transcriptome and more than 700 proteins in the proteome of the male and female
ticks at different stages of feeding. We have quantified these proteins
and further grouped them into functional classes with a special focus on
anticoagulants and immunomodulatory proteins. Among the antithrombotic proteins, the major classes that we have identified are kunitz
and kazal inhibitors, lipocalins, serpins, cystatins, hirudin and variegin
like proteins. The immunomodulatory proteins we have identified are
immunoglobulin binding proteins, evasins, cytokine and chemokine
inhibitors. We are further exploring some of these proteins by recombinant expression to study their structure-activity relationships.
Conclusion: With limited amounts of tick salivary gland extracts, we
have successfully generated a a library of proteins that can serve as a
platform for development of novel antithrombotic and anti-tick vaccines.
PO342-TUE
Similar responses of phosphatidylserine and
phosphatidylethanolamine towards cofactor activity of
human protein Z, a natural anticoagulant
Sengupta T and Manoj N
Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai,
India
Background: Protein Z (PZ) is a natural anticoagulant that acts as a
cofactor of a serpin, protein Z dependent protease inhibitor (ZPI),
which is a fXa inhibitor. PZ binds ZPI with high affinity and accelerates the rate of inhibition by more than 1000-fold in the presence of
Ca2+ and phospholipids. In humans, PZ deficiency is suggested to be
associated with ischaemic risk and thrombotic complications.
It is evident from various studies that PZ promotion of the fXa inhibition results from the anchoring of its Gla domain onto phospholipid
surfaces and positioning the bound ZPI into close proximity of the
Gla-anchored fXa with the formation of a ternary complex of PZ-ZPIfXa. Interaction of PZ with phospholipid membrane thus appears to
be absolutely crucial for its cofactor activity. We hypothesize that
molecular phosphatidylserine (PS) and possibly molecular phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), exposed during platelet activation, regulate cofactor activity of PZ.
Aims: In order to prove the hypothesis we aimed to study theinteraction of fXa-PZ-ZPI in presence of molecular PS and PE.
Methods: We have used six carbon chains soluble phospholipids
(C6PL) as a tool to study the effect of molecular phospholipids
employing various biophysical techniques and chromogenic assays.
Results: Preliminary studies revealed that both PS and PE bind to PZ
with equal affinities (kd ~ 49 lM) and binding was observed to be synergistic. Anisotropy experiments showed similar effects of PS and PE
towards the interaction of PZ with fXa. Comparable effects of PS and
PE on PZ mediated antithrombin inhibition of fXa were also
632
ABSTRACTS
observed. We noticed an increase in rate of PZ/ZPI mediated inhibition of fXa in presence of either PS or PE, however, the efficacy is not
as high as that in presence of membrane. Weak interactions of PZ with
few other lipids were observed but that did not contribute to the cofactor activity of PZ.
Conclusion: The interaction of PZ with phospholipids is independent
of any specificity towards PS or PE.
PO343-TUE
The effect of age on glycan microheterogeneity of
human Alpha-2-macroglobulin
Calvert LS1,2, Atkinson HM1,2, Berry LR1,2 and Chan AK1,2
1
Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute; 2Pediatrics,
McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
Background: Alpha-2-macroglobulin (a2 m) is a plasma glycoprotein
serine protease inhibitor. Previous studies have shown a2 m levels to
be twice as high in newborns vs. adults. This may contribute to resistance towards thrombotic events in children. Protein glycosylation is
known to affect pharmacodynamics and function. We previously
found that newborn and adult a2 m have no differences in N-linked
glycan macroheterogeneity. However, differences in a2 m microheterogeneity between age groups have yet to be elucidated.
Aims: To examine differences in glycan microheterogeneity between
newborn and adult a2 m.
Methods: To evaluate sialic acid (SA) content, newborn and adult
plasma samples were incubated with Neuraminidase (Clostridium perfringens) and subjected to native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
(PAGE) and western blotting (WB). To detect any non-sialylated terminal galactose residues, plasma samples were incubated with immobilized Ricinus communis (RCA120). Lectin-bound and unbound
fractions were separated and subjected to SDS-PAGE and WB. To
evaluate the affinity of a2 m for ricin, bound proteins were eluted with
varying concentrations of galactose and released a2 m was detected by
SDS-PAGE and WB.
Results: Following treatment with Neuraminidase, newborn a2 m
exhibited slightly greater change in migration compared to adult,
though the difference was not statistically significant. Additionally,
newborn a2 m exhibited a higher percentage of molecules bound to
RCA120 than adult, however this was not statistically significant. Elution of a2 m from RCA120 with galactose produced similar profiles for
newborn and adult molecules.
Conclusion: This is the first study investigating glycan microheterogeneity
between newborn and adult a2 m. The results suggest no major difference
in microheterogeneity in terminal SA or galactose content between the
two molecules. Similarity in a2 m glycosylation between age groups may
suggest structural features that are critical throughout life.
PO344-TUE
Quantitative immunoassay for the measurement of
activated protein C complexes with Alfa-2macroglobulin (APC:a2M)
n LA, Bonet E and Medina P

Espana F, Navarro S, Martos L, Ramo
Haemostasis, Thrombosis, Atherosclerosis and Vasc. Biol Res
Group, Hospital Universitario La Fe, Valencia, Spain
Background: We previously identified in vitro plasma complexes
between activated protein C and a2-macroglobulin (APC:a2M) by
immunoblotting.
Aims: To set up an ELISA for the measurement of APC:a2M in

plasma samples.
Methods: Blood was anticoagulated with hirudin (300 U mL1). Hirudinised plasma was incubated with 2 and 10 lg mL1 APC (final concentration). At time intervals, aliquots were withdrawn and complexes
of APC with protein C inhibitor (PCI), a1-antitrypsin (a1AT) and a2M
were quantified with homemade ELISAs. for the APC:a2M assay,
samples were pre-treated with ditiothreitol and iodoacetamide to
expose the epitopes of the APC bound to a2M. A monoclonal anti-PC
antibody (Ab) was used as capture Ab and a polyclonal anti-a2M Ab
bound to peroxidase as detection Ab.
Results: The range of the APC:a2M assay was 1210 ng mL1 of complexed APC, with intra- and inter-assay CVs of 618% for the whole
range. By adding 2 lg mL1 APC to plasma, PCI and a1AT were the
major inhibitors of APC (0.68 and 0.55 lg Ml1 of complexed APC,
respectively, after a 3 h incubation), whereas at 10 lg mL1 of APC,
a1AT and a2M were the major APC inhibitors (3.1 and 2.6 lg mL1,
respectively), probably because of PCI depletion by an excess of APC.
Citrate plasma from patients with severe sepsis showed up to
10 ng mL1 of APC complexed to a2M, whereas the normal pool
plasma had about 0.51 ng mL1.
Conclusion: a2M may become a major APC inhibitor during infusion
of high APC concentrations as may occur in the near future in the
treatment of patients with several inflammatory diseases. This APC:
a2M assay may be useful to measure complex levels in plasma from
patients and controls and to ascertain the fate of infused APC during
APC treatment. ISCIII (PI12/00027, RD12/0042/0029, PI14/00512,
PI14/00079, FI14/00269), FEDER, Generalitat Valenciana (Prometeo
2015). SN is an IIS La Fe researcher. PM is a Miguel Servet researcher
(FIS-CP09/00065).
PO345-TUE
Identification of a novel mutation p.K234Efs*24 in the
PROC gene and a phenotype-genotype characteristics
of thai patients diagnosed with hereditary protein C
deficiency and symptomatic thromboembolism
Suwanawiboon B, Thongnoppakhun W and Limwongse C
Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol
Background: Protein C (PC) deficiency is a major inheritable risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE) in the Asian populations.
Recent genetic analyses of PC gene revealed a significant increase in
risk of VTE in patients carrying mutant alleles. However, the phenotype-genotype characteristics of PC deficiency in Thai population
remain unknown.
Aims: To study the genetic and clinical characteristics of Thai patients
diagnosed with protein C deficiency.
Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed in eight symptomatic, unrelated patients diagnosed with PC deficiency who also had
the PROC gene mutation analysis.
Results: The median age was 28 years (range 2347). Half of the
patients were females. VTE was the most common manifestation
(87.5%). Only one patient had ischemic stroke. Unusual sites of VTE,
including cerebral venous sinus thrombosis and splanchnic vein
thrombosis were found in 5 patients (71.4%). The mean PC activity
was 37.7 11.6 IU dL1. Four different mutations in the PROC
gene, including one novel variant were identified. The most frequent
mutation was PROC p.Arg189Trp (62.5%). Other mutations were
p.Ala178Pro (25%), p.Asn384Lys (12.5%), and a novel variant
p.K234Efs*24 (12.5%). Four patients (50%) were homozygotes,
including one patient with compound heterozygote of p.Arg189Trp
and p.Asn384Lys. The mean PC activities in the homozygotes and heterozygotes were 32.1 10.0 IU dL1 and 46.9 8.0 IU dL1,
ABSTRACTS
respectively. The median duration of oral anticoagulant therapy was
8 months (range 143). Among five patients (62.5%) who discontinued anticoagulant therapy, there was only one patient with recurrent
VTE.
Conclusion: The novel mutation p.K234Efs*24 was identified in the
PROC gene. The PROC p.Arg189Trp mutation was the most frequent
mutant allele. Further study is needed to clarify the relationship
between the genetic background and the predisposition of thromboembolic disease.
PO346-TUE
The PDI inhibitor isoquercetin reduces thrombin
generation in healthy adults and in patients with
elevated antiphospholipid antibodies
Stopa JD1,2, Furie B1,2, Flaumenhaft R1,2 and Zwicker JI1,2
1
Medical Center; 2Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical
School, Boston, USA
Background: Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) regulates thrombus formation following vascular injury in animal models. Previous studies
identified 3-O-glycosylated quercetin flavonoids as potent inhibitors of
PDI activity in vitro and in vivo. However, the appropriate dosing of
isoquercetin for clinical use and the effect of PDI inhibition on thrombin generation in humans are unknown.
Aims: To determine whether oral isoquercetin inhibits PDI activity
and thrombin generation in healthy adults and in patients with elevated antiphospholipid antibodies.
Methods: We performed a dose-escalation study of isoquercetin at
500 mg (N = 10) and 1000 mg (N = 16) in healthy volunteers and dose
expansion (1000 mg) in patients with persistently elevated antiphospholipid antibodies (N = 5). PDI activity was measured in plasma using
an eosin probe coupled to glutathione. Thrombin generation was measured using a thrombin-induced thrombin generation assay.
Results: Isoquercetin (500 mg) demonstrated maximum PDI inhibition
(59 19%, P = 0.001) at 4 h post-ingestion and normalized by 6 h.
Following ingestion of 1000 mg isoquercetin, PDI inhibitory activity
in plasma reached maximum inhibition at 8 h post-ingestion
(57 14%, P = 0.004), and remained decreased at 24 h post-ingestion (36 11%, P = 0.04). To assess functional consequences of PDI
inhibition by isoquercetin, platelet-dependent thrombin-generation
was evaluated in a second cohort of patients. Ingestion of isoquercetin
(1000 mg) resulted in a 68 14% (P < 0.05) decrease in plateletdependent thrombin generation and a 61 21% (P = 0.002) reduction in PDI inhibition. All 5 patients with elevated antiphospholipid
antibodies demonstrated inhibition in PDI activity (90 9%) and
thrombin generation (66 8.2%) at 4 h (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: The oral PDI inhibitor, isoquercetin, demonstrates significant inhibition of PDI activity and thrombin generation in both
healthy adults and patients with elevated antiphospholipid antibodies.
633
PO347-TUE
Investigation protein S deficiency induced purpura
fulminans
Raja P1,2, Sara C1,3, Francois S4, Luca B1,3, Federica B1,2 and
Anne A-S1,3
1
University Clinic of Hematology and Central Hematology
Laboratory Bern, University Hospital and the University of Bern;
2
Laboratory of Hematology; 3Department of Clinical Research,
University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; 4Laboratory of
Hematology, University of Paris sud, Paris, France
Background: Complete Protein S (PS) deficiency induces lethal skin
necrosis and disseminated intravascular coagulation known as Purpura Fulminans (PF). The pathophysiology of PF is uncertain
although the imbalance between pro/anticoagulant factors is thought
to be the etiological factor. Recently, our knowledge on PS increased,
indicating that beyond its role in coagulation, PS has also cellular
functions.
Aims: Elucidate PF pathophysiology using different PF mouse models.
Methods: An inducible ProS gene silencing system (polyI:C- inducible
Mx1-Cre) was generated (ProSlox/loxMx1Cre+,ProSlox/-Mx1Cre+)
to decrease PS levels. 0.8 mg day1 of warfarin was administred to
ProS+/ mice to reduce PS. To evaluate the vasculature defects, immunostainings of whole mounted dorsal skin from ProS/ embryos
(E15) were performed.
Results: Ten days after polyI:C treatment, PS levels was significantly
reduced: 47.7 6% in Proslox/loxMx1Cre+ and 14.5 7% in Proslox/-Mx1Cre+. However, no skin lesions compatible with PF were
observed during 2 months observation. With warfarin treatment, early
lesions were erythematous with highly visible ear skin vessels, vascular
engorgement, intradermal edema and rare intravascular-thrombosis.
In advanced lesions we noticed massive RBC extravasation, intra-epidermal hemorrhagic blisters and necrotic areas. CD31 staining showed
areas with underdeveloped and less dense vascular networks, collapsed
vessels and less vessels branch points in ProS/ as compare to wt.
Observed RBC extravasation indicate a vascular leakage (Ter119,
CD144). Investigation of the lymphatic vessels revealed massively
enlarged vessels (Lyve1) and increased macrophages number (F4/80)
in ProS/.
Conclusion: In ProS/ embryos, the vasculature defects point
toward an involvement of the vascular wall during PF. Furthermore,
the enlarged lymphatic vessels and increased number of macrophages
let us suspect a prominent inflammatory process. Experiments are
ongoing to better characterize the vasculature defects and inflammation in ProS/.
PO348-TUE
Quantitative platelet TFPI-alpha release is not
influenced by sex and oral contraceptive use
Winckers K1, Thomassen S1, ten Cate H2 and Hackeng T1
1
Biochemistry, University Maastricht; 2Internal Medicine,
Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The
Netherlands
Background: Platelets contain 510% of circulating TFPIa (TFPI) and
in contrast to plasma TFPI, the platelet TFPI pool exclusively consists
of full length TFPI. As 80% of plasma TFPI is C-terminally truncated
and does not play an anticoagulant role in blood coagulation, local
release of platelet TFPIa at the site of injury is likely to play an important regulatory role in thrombin generation and localization of thrombus formation.
634
ABSTRACTS
Aims: Determine the amount and anticoagulant activity of full length

TFPI released from platelets in males, females, and oral contraceptive
users.
Methods: Blood samples were obtained from 30 healthy volunteers (10
males, 10 females, and 10 females using oral contraceptives (OC)).
Platelet TFPI was released in platelet rich plasma (PRP) and in platelet
isolates using convulxinand thrombin, respectively, and quantified by
free TFPI ELISA and thrombin generation assays.
Results: In healthy volunteers, mean plasma TFPI levels decreased significantly from men (0.31 0.05 nM) to women (0.18 0.05 nM) to
women using OC (0.12 0.02 nM). Remarkably, no differences were
found in platelet-released TFPI in PRP among subgroups
(0.06 0.03 nM). Release of platelet TFPI in convulxin activated
PRP strongly reduced thrombin generation in a subsequent preparation of PPP, compared to parent PPP. TFPI-release from washed
platelets adjusted to an identical platelet count of 250 9 109 L1 did
not differ significantly between subgroups with a mean of
0.11 0.02 nM.
Conclusion: Platelets release similar amounts of TFPI regardless of
plasma TFPI concentrations and unaffected by sex or OC use. We
speculate that platelet TFPI is important to prevent systemic coagulation and thrombosis and restrict thrombus formation to the site of the
growing platelet plug. The stable contribution of platelet TFPI to the
anticoagulant potential in plasma is likely to become particularly relevant under conditions of low plasma TFPI levels with OC use.
PO349-TUE
Role of tissue factor pathway inhibitor-alpha in
platelet-dependent fibrin formation under flow
Thomassen S, Mastenbroek T, Winckers K, Feijge M,
Cosemans JM, Hackeng TM and Heemskerk JW
Biochemistry, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
Background: Tissue factor pathway inhibitor-alpha (TFPI) is a Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor that suppresses coagulation by
inhibiting tissue factor/factor VIIa (TF/FVIIa) and FXa. In plasma
from patients with haemophilia A, inhibition of TFPI has been shown
to fully normalize FXa and thrombin generation and may provide a
novel way of haemophilia treatment. However, the role of TFPI in
fibrin clot formation under flow has remained under-investigated.
Aims: To determine the role of TFPI in regulating coagulation and
fibrin formation under venous flow conditions.
Methods: Platelet aggregation and fibrin formation were quantified in
real-time, using a parallel-plate flow device by perfusing whole-blood
or plasma over microspots containing collagen and varying amounts
of TF. Haemostatic effects were compared under venous flow conditions and under stasis. A fluorescence thrombin substrate was used to
monitor in-situ thrombin generation.
Results: Following platelet aggregation, the onset of growing fibrin
fibres was observed by confocal microscopy and defined as fibrin formation time (FFT). Inhibition of TFPI in normal blood or plasma significantly shortened the FFT, but only in the presence of limited
amounts or in the absence of TF. Markedly, inhibition of TFPI caused
a more prominent decrease in FFT in haemophilia A plasma compared to normal plasma, which persisted on surfaces containing high
amounts of TF. Under conditions of flow arrest, thrombin generation
on procoagulant platelets followed by fluorescence microscopy was
increased upon TFPI inhibition, explaining the effect on fibrin formation.
Conclusion: Under venous flow, TFPI inhibits platelet-dependent
fibrin formation at low concentrations of TF, which becomes more
prominent in the absence of FVIIIa.

anticoagulants II
PO350-TUE
Association rate constants rationalize the sensitivity of
prothrombin time and thrombin generation assay to
apixaban and rivaroxaban
Jourdi G1, Siguret V1, Martin A-C1, Golmard J-L2, Godier A1,
Samama C-M1, Gaussem P1, Gouin-Thibault I1 and Le Bonniec B1
1
Umr_s1140, Facult
e De Pharmacie, Universit
e Paris Descartes,
Paris Sorbonne Cit
e; 2Universit
e Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris,
France
Background: Rivaroxaban and apixaban are non-vitamin K antagonist
oral anticoagulants. They are both selective and direct factor Xa
(FXa) inhibitors approved in the prevention and treatment of thromboembolism. Surprisingly, contrary to rivaroxaban, prothrombin time
(PT) is little sensitive to clinically relevant concentration of apixaban.
Aims: We investigated the existing pharmacodynamic discrepancy
between apixaban and rivaroxaban.
Methods: We compared kinetics of FXa inhibition in strictly identical
conditions (pH 7.48, 37 C, 0.15 M) to estimate the inhibition (KI)
and association rate (kon) constants. We evaluated the impact of these
kinetic constants through numerical integration techniques simulating
PT and thrombin generation assay (TGA). Predicted results were compared to corresponding PT or TGA triggered in plasma spiked with
apixaban or rivaroxaban.
Results: KI values of 0.74 0.03 and 0.47 0.02 nM and kon values
of 7.3 1.6 106 and 2.9 0.6 107 M1 s1 were obtained for apixaban and rivaroxaban, respectively, suggesting that rivaroxaban neutralizes FXa four-fold more rapidly than apixaban (P < 0.0001).
Simulation using these values predicted that in TGA triggered with 20
pM tissue factor, 100 ng mL1 apixaban or rivaroxaban increased
1.8- or 3.0-fold the lag time and 1.4- or 2.0-fold the time to peak,
whilst decreasing 1.2- or 3.1-fold the maximum thrombin and 1.7- or
3.5-fold the endogenous thrombin potential. These figures were consistent with those obtained through TGA performed in plasma. Simulated PT ratios were also in accord with PT in plasma: slightly above
(1.2-fold) the normal threshold with apixaban but largely above with
rivaroxaban. Analogous differences in TGA and PT were obtained
irrespective of the drug amount added.
Conclusion: The kon values for FXa of apixaban and rivaroxaban rationalize the unexpected lower sensitivity of PT and TGA to the former.
Disclosure of Interest: G. Jourdi: None declared, V. Siguret Consultant
for: Bristol-Myers Squibb and Bayer Healthcare AG, A.-C. Martin:
None declared, J.-L. Golmard: None declared, A. Godier Consultant
for: Bristol-Myers Squibb and Bayer Healthcare AG, C.-M. Samama
Consultant for: Bristol-Myers Squibb and Bayer Healthcare AG, P.
Gaussem: None declared, I. Gouin-Thibault Consultant for: BristolMyers Squibb and Bayer Healthcare AG, B. Le Bonniec: None
declared.
PO351-TUE
Interaction of andexanet alfa, a universal antidote to
fXA inhibitors, with tissue factor pathway inhibitor
enhances reversal of fXA inhibitor-induced
anticoagulation
Lu G, Lin J, Coffey G, Curnutte JT and Conley PB
Portola Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, USA
Background: Andexanet alfa (AnXa) is a modified, recombinant
human fXa molecule developed to reverse the anticoagulant activity of
fXa inhibitors in patients during episodes of major bleeding or before
ABSTRACTS
emergency surgery. AnXa retains high affinity for fXa inhibitors and
has no pro- or anticoagulant activity on its own. In preclinical toxicology and multiple clinical studies in healthy subjects, AnXa was welltolerated and showed immediate onset of action. No significant interaction with plasma coagulation proteins has been observed, except for
TFPI.
Aims: The objective was to further characterize the AnXa interaction
with TFPI and fXa inhibitors.
Methods: AnXa interaction with TFPI was studied with or without a
fXa inhibitor in enzymatic assays, in cell-based binding assays and TF
(5 pM)-initiated thrombin generation (TG) assays in human plasma.
Results: AnXa binds to TFPI with an affinity similar to fXa (KiXaTFPI = 0.03 nM, KdAnXa-TFPI = 0.07 nM). Unlike fXa-TFPI, however, the AnXa-TFPI complex does not inhibit fVIIa/TF enzymatic
cleavage of a fluorogenic substrate (Z-VVR-AMC) or fX activation
a finding likely due to AnXas lack of the Gla-domain. AnXa binds to
fXa inhibitors, including rivaroxaban (Riva) with high affinity
(Kd = 0.51.5 nM). AnXa binds to TFPI on HUVECs as evidenced
by its partial blockade by a TFPI-K2 antibody. Furthermore, AnXa
binding was almost completely blocked by Riva, indicating that coadministration with a fXa inhibitor could dampen the AnXa-TFPI
interaction. AnXa alone in TG has minimal effect on ETP or peak
thrombin, while Riva alone reduces both parameters dose-dependently
with increasing Riva anti-fXa activity. With AnXa+Riva, however, the
AnXa-TFPI interaction leads to enhanced TG at similar Riva anti-fXa
levels.
Conclusion: Competitive interaction of AnXa with TFPI and fXa
inhibitors could enhance TG and reversal of anticoagulation in bleeding patients at clinically relevant AnXa doses/regimens for fXa inhibitors.
Disclosure of Interest: G. Lu Employee of: Portola Pharmaceuticals,
Inc., J. Lin Employee of: Portola Pharmaceuticals, Inc., G. Coffey
Employee of: Portola Pharmaceuticals, Inc., J. Curnutte Shareholder
of: 3-V Biosciences, Consultant for: Sea Lane Biotechnologies,
Employee of: Portola Pharmaceuticals, Inc., P. Conley Employee of:
Portola Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
PO352-TUE
Direct oral anticoagulants: our experience
Santoro R, Minici R, Iannaccaro P and Morgione S
Azienda Ospedaliera Pugliese-Ciaccio, Hemophilia, Hemostasis
And Thrombosis Center, Catanzaro, Italy
Background: The direct oral anticoagulants (DOA) Dabigatran, Rivaroxaban and Apixaban have predictable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles and are alternatives to warfarin. Some of them
are available in Italy for treatment of of venous thromboembolism
(VTE).
Aims: We describe our experience in treatment with direct oral anticoagulants after 18 months from their approval in Italy.
Methods: From June 2013 to December 2014, 165 patients (87 males,
78 females), aged 1895 (mean 71) received DOAs. Forty of them were
in therapy with Dabigatran, 21 males, 19 females, aged 5895 (mean
79); 47 with Rivaroxaban, 27 males, 20 females, aged 1892 (mean 64);
78 with Apixaban, 39 males, 39 females), aged 6092 (mean 79). One
hundred and thirty-six patients had AF (40 with Dabigatran, 18 with
Rivaroxaban, 78 with Apixaban), 29 patients received Rivaroxaban
for treatment of thromboembolism. Of 40 patients with Dabigatran,
13 of them received 150 mg bid, 27 patients 110 mg bid. Of 47 patients
with Xarelto, 43 of them received 20 mg, 4 patients 15 mg (these paients all suffering from atrial fibrillation) . Of 78 patients with Apixaban, 50 of them received 5 mg bid, 28 patients 2.5 mg bid. The
observational period was 118 months (mean 9).
Results: We reports adverse effects in 15 Patients: 13 of these were in
treatment with Dabigatran (all of them with epigastric pain, appetite
loss, stomatitis, one had also chest pain, another also had superficial
635
vein thrombosis), 2 were treated with Rivaroxaban (meno-metrorrhagia, bruising). No events was observed with Apixaban.. Nine patients
were undergoing to surgery (4 with Dabigatran, 2 with Xarelto, 3 with
Apixaban) without complications.
Conclusion: In our patients DOA prescription are used more frequently in naive patients. Adverse drug reactions were frequent in
patients treated with Dabigatran, specially gastrointestinal effects, so
to require the suspension of the drug. In patients treated with other anticoagulants adverse events were rare.
PO353-TUE
Clinical presentation, impact and course of major
bleeding events with apixaban and warfarin
ller HR1, Agnelli G3, Gallus AS4,
Bleker SM1, Cohen A2, Bu
5
6
Raskob GE , Weitz JI , Curto M7, Sisson M8 and Middeldorp S1
1
Amsterdam, The Netherlands; 2Guys and St Thomas Hospitals,
Kings College, London, UK; 3Internal and Cardiovascular
Medicine, Stroke Unit, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy; 4SA
Pathology, Flinders Medical Centre & Flinders University,
Adelaide, Australia; 5College of Public Health, University of
Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, USA; 6Mc
Master University and Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research
Institute, Hamilton, Canada; 7Pfizer Inc.; 8Pfizer Inc, Groton, CT,
USA
Background: In the AMPLIFY trial, apixaban, a direct acting oral
anticoagulant (DOAC), proved to be non-inferior to low-molecularweight heparin (LMWH)/warfarin for treatment of venous thromboembolism, and was associated with significantly less bleeding. Information is needed on the presentation and clinical course of bleeding
during therapy with DOACs.
Aims: In this post-hoc analysis, we blindly classified the seriousness of
clinical presentation and course of all episodes of major bleeding in the
AMPLIFY trial.
Methods: Three clinicians classified all major bleeding episodes, first
independently and then by discussion, using pre-defined criteria. The
first classification assessed the clinical impact at time of presentation.
The second assessed the measures and interventions applied and the
clinical course. Both classifications comprised four categories; category
one being the mildest and four being the most severe.
Results: There were a total of 63 major bleeds; 14 with apixaban and
49 with LMWH/warfarin. A severe clinical presentation (category
three or four) was observed in 28.5% of the apixaban and in 44.9% of
the LMWH/warfarin associated major bleeding events (odds ratio
0.49, 95% CI 0.141.78). No major bleeding event from either group
fit the criteria for the most severe clinical course (category four). A category three clinical course was observed in 14.3% of the apixaban and
in 12.2% of the LMWH/warfarin associated major bleeding events
(odds ratio 1.19, 95% CI 0.216.69).
Conclusion: There was a trend for less severe clinical presentation of
major bleeding events in apixaban treated patients, compared with
LMWH/warfarin treated patients. The clinical course was similar for
apixaban and warfarin associated major bleeding events.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Bleker: None declared, A. Cohen Consultant
for: Bayer, Boheringer-Ingelheim, BMS, Daiichi, GSK, Johnson and
Johnson, Mitsubishi Pharma, Pfizer, Portola, Sanofi, Schering Plough,
Takeda, X01, Paid Instructor at: Bayer, Boheringer-Ingelheim, BMS,
Daiichi, GSK, Johnson and Johnson, Mitsubishi Pharma, Pfizer, Portola, Sanofi, Schering Plough, H. B
uller: None declared, G. Agnelli:
None declared, A. Gallus Consultant for: BMS, Pfizer, G. Raskob
Consultant for: Daiichi Sankyo, Bayer, BMS. Boehringer Ingelheim,
Isis Pharmaceuticals, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Pfizer, Speaker Bureau
636
ABSTRACTS
of: Bayer, Daiichi Sankyo, BMS/Pfizer, Janssen, J. Weitz: None

declared, M. Curto Employee of: Pfizer Inc., M. Sisson Shareholder
of: Pfizer Inc., Employee of: Pfizer Inc., S. Middeldorp: None
declared.
PO354-TUE
Dabigatran prevents thrombosis with enhancement of
secondary fibrinolysis in a mouse venous thrombosis
model
Sakata A, Ohmori T, Seo K and Nishimura S
Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
Background: Recent clinical trials have revealed that dabigatran etexilate (DE) shows a significant clinical benefit in decreasing the incidence
of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) compared with warfarin, despite
their equal efficacy at preventing thrombosis.
Aims: This study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms of ICH reduction
under new oral anticoagulant therapy, while preserving anti-thrombotic efficacy.
Methods: C57BL/6J mice received oral DE administration by gastric
gavage, or were treated intraperitoneally with argatroban, a similar
direct thrombin inhibitor. Plasma drug concentrations were measured
by anti-thrombin activity. ICH was induced by the direct injection of
collagenase into the striatum at several time points after treatment.
Thrombus formation was triggered by ligation of the inferior vena
cava (IVC). Both drugs were administrated just after (prophylaxis
model) or 24 h after IVC ligation (treatment model).
Results: After the oral administration of DE, peak plasma concentrations were reached in 3060 min, then reduced rapidly. ICH volume
induced 1 h after oral DE administration was largest, and its severity
was observed to reduce as the duration from drug administration to
ICH induction was extended. ICH severity after DE administration
was identical to that after argatroban administration, as long as the
anti-thrombin activity of the two treatments was the same. DE showed
strong anti-thrombotic effects compared with argatroban, despite the
fact that plasma anti-thrombin activities after DE administration were
lower than those of continuous treatment during more than half of the
observation period. Treatment with tranexamic acid completely extinguished the treatment efficacy of DE.
Conclusion: Our data suggest that fluctuations of drug concentrations
ensure the safety of DE, and effectively prevent thrombosis through
the activation of physiological fibrinolysis.
PO355-TUE
Dabigatran and rivaroxaban adherence study- real
world experience in different clinics and extended
follow up (dariva study)
Suryanarayan D1, Al-Khalili F2,3, Majeed A4 and Schulman S1
1
Hematology and Thromboembolism, Mcmaster University,
Hamilton, Canada; 2Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet,
Danderyd Hospital; 3Cardiology, Stockholm Heart Center;
4
Coagulation Unit, Hematology Center, Karolinska University
Hospital and Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Background: The degree of adherence with non-vitamin K antagonist
oral anticoagulants (NOACs) in the absence of laboratory monitoring
is unclear.
Aims: To compare adherence to rivaroxaban and dabigatran regimens
among patients in different clinical settings.
Methods: In a prospective cohort study we included patients on rivaroxaban or dabigatran for at least 3 months followed at an anticoagu-
lation (AC) clinic, cardiology clinics and family medicine (FM) clinics
in Canada and Sweden. We calculated the adherence from pharmacy
refill data and in a smaller cohort of 75 patients also with a validated
8-item Morinsky Medication adherence scale. We present the preliminary adherence data from this cohort.
Results: of 474 patients (49% female; median age 73 years [range: 36
95]; 97% had atrial fibrillation, 3% had venous thromboembolism;
205 were on dabigatran and 269 on rivaroxaban. The mean duration
on NOACs was 443 days. Median adherence was 100% (interquartile
range [IQR] 97100) for the entire cohort and for each clinic; IQR for
cardiology clinics was 99100, for FM clinics 90100, and for the AC
clinic 100100. Adherence of 80%, typically considered as good, was
seen in 95%, 89%, and 100% of patients followed at cardiology clinics, FM clinics and the AC clinic; it was 93% in Canada and 95% in
Sweden. None of the differences are statistically significant. With the
Morinsky Medication adherence scale all patients had medium adherence with an average score of 6.9 (standard deviation [SD] 1.29) with
mean scores of 7.02 (SD 1.44), 6.64 (SD 1.03), and 6.96 (SD 1.32)
for patients at cardiology clinics, FM clinics and AC clinic, respectively.
Conclusion: Based on the preliminary data the overall adherence to dabigatran or rivaroxaban in our patients was good with no significant
differences between the clinical settings. Refill data is probably overestimating adherence and should be combined with another method of
adherence estimation.
PO356-TUE
A qualitative point of care test to assess anticoagulant
activity in urine samples of patients treated with nonvitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants a german
consensus
Harenberg J1, Ahrens I2, Bauersachs R3, Haas S4, Koscielny J5,
Kr
amer R6, Lindhoff-Last E7, Prochaska J8, Schellong S9,
Spannagl M4, Wild P10 and Beyer-Westendorf J11
1
Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim; 2Universit
atsHerzzentrum, Freiburg; 3Klinikum Darmstadt, Darmstadt;
4
University Munich, Munich; 5Charite University, Berlin;
6
Institute Inorganic Chemistry, Heidelberg; 7Cardiology
Angiology Center Bethanien, Frankfurt; 8University of Mainz,
adtisches Klinikum Dresden, Dresden; 10Medizinische
Mainz; 9St
at Dresden, Dresden, Germany
Klinik Mainz, Mainz; 11Univerist
Background: Rapid assessments of the anticoagulant effect of nonvitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOAC) by point of care
testing (POCT) in specific patient populations and under certain clinical circumstances is an unmet clinical need. A POCT was developed
detecting apixaban (A), rivaroxaban (R), and dabigatran (D) in urine
samples through development of specific colors in the presence of
NOAC which can be identified by naked eye within 10 to 15 min.
Aims: To develop consensus among a German group of experts to foster further evaluation of the POCT.
Methods: Two studies were used to develop the consensus: 1) The
POCT were prepared in one center from patients treated with R and D
(each n = 15) and of controls (n = 15) and were judged by naked eye
by 30 participants to calculate sensitivities and specificities of the tests.
2) An international multicentre study was performed at 13 centers
using 6 urine samples from patients on therapy with A, R, and D and
4 control samples. Kappa index, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, negative and positive predictive values of the PCT tests were determined.
Results: From the first study, sensitivity and specificity of the POCT
were both >0.98 for R and D. From the second study, kappa-index,
sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, negative and positive predictive values
were all >0.98 (95% confidence intervals between 0.89 and 1.00) for A,
ABSTRACTS
R, and D. Heparins do not influence the results but macrohematuria
does affect the POCT.
Conclusion: NOAC can be detected by POCT and the group of authors
agrees that the POCT from urine samples is a rapid, sensitive and specific tool with the potential to provide information on the presence of
NOAC. Control of adherence to therapy and assessment in emergency
situations such as before surgery, following bleeding and thromboembolism will be the ultimate place for POCT and confirmation in real
world settings are needed. Modification of the POCT to expand its use
in blood samples is required.
PO357-TUE
Paradoxical enhancement of the intrinsic pathwayinduced thrombin generation in human plasma by
melagatran, a direct thrombin inhibitor, but not
edoxaban, a direct factor Xa inhibitor
Furugohri T and Morishima Y
Tokyo, Japan
Background: The blood coagulation cascade consists of two pathways,
the tissue factor (TF)-dependent extrinsic pathway and the contact factor-dependent intrinsic pathway. We have previously shown that a
direct thrombin inhibitor, melagatran, paradoxically increased TFinduced thrombin generation (TG) in thrombomodulin (TM)-containing human plasma in vitro. However, the effect of melagatran on the
intrinsic pathway-induced TG remains to be investigated.
Aims: To investigate whether melagatran enhances the intrinsic pathway-induced TG and this enhancement is mediated by the thrombinTM and protein C (PC) system.
Methods: Kaolin-induced TG in human plasma was assayed by the
calibrated automated thrombography method as follows: 80 lL
plasma in the presence and absence of anticoagulants and 5 nM TM
were mixed with 20 lL of a mixture of 600 ng mL1 kaolin and
24 lM phospholipids. After 10 min of preincubation at 37 C, the
reaction was started by adding 20 lL of a mixture of 2.5 mM fluorogenic substrate and 100 mM CaCl2 The fluorescence was measured
every 20 s for 120 min.
Results: Melagatran at 150 and 300 nM increased the peak level of TG
by a maximum of 2.40-fold at 300 nM in normal plasma in the presence of 5 nM TM. At 600 nM, melagatran did not enhance TG. In the
absence of TM or in PC-deficient plasma, the paradoxical enhancement of TG by melagatran disappeared. A direct FXa inhibitor, edoxaban, and an antithrombin-dependent anticoagulant, unfractionated
heparin (UFH), did not increase, but simply decreased TG under each
condition.
Conclusion: Melagatran enhanced the intrinsic pathway-induced TG
as well as the extrinsic pathway-induced TG in human plasma under
the condition where PC system is active. In contrast, edoxaban and
UFH showed concentration-dependent decrease of TG, but no
enhancement. These results indicated that edoxaban and UFH may
have a low risk of the paradoxical enhancement of TG by both the
extrinsic and intrinsic pathway activation.
637
PO358-TUE
Evaluation of anticoagulation with rivaroxaban by antiXa activity, thrombin generation and complex
thrombin anti-thrombin levels in patients with new
onset non valvular atrial fibrillation
Neira Vidal VM1, Herreros RC1, Garc
es JP2, Becerra OP2,
Pulgar BG1, Sevilla AA1, Madariaga SL1 and del Pino LV3
1
n de enfermedades cardiovasculares; 2Hematologa
Divisio
lica De
blica, Pontificia Universidad Cato
Oncologa; 3Salud Pu
Chile, Santiago, Chile
Background: atrial fibrillation confers a hypercoagulable state with an
increased thrombin generation (TG) capacity and raised levels of
thrombin-antithrombin complexes (TAT), which results in a high risk
of stroke and thromboembolism.
Aims: to evaluate the anticoagulant effect of Rivaroxaban by anti-Xa
activity and its correlation with TAT, TG and prothrombin time (PT)
in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation
(NVAF).
Methods: prospective study in patients with indication for anticoagulation. Demographic variables, cardiovascular risk factors, and HASBLED, CHA2DS2VASc scores were recorded. Baseline samples were
taken at 4 and 24 h after the administration of the drug and at
30 days. Rivaroxaban levels, anti-Xa activity, PT, TG and plasma levels of TAT, were determined. The results were analyzed by Fisher test,
t test, Pearson correlation and ANOVA in SAS/STAT program.
Results: Twenty subjects, age 76.3 8.0 years, 60% female, 95%
CHADS2Vasc score>2. The anti-Xa activity correlated with Rivaroxaban plasma levels at 3 h (r = 0.61, P = 0.008), 24 h (r = 0.85,
P < 0.0001) and 30 days (r = 0.99, P < 0.0001), PT at 3 h (r = 0.86,
P = 0.019) and 30 days (r = 0.63, P = 0.02) and a sustained decrease
in platelet free plasma TG 30 days of follow-up (r = 0.74, P = 0.0038).
No correlation with TAT (r = 0.02, P = 0.83) was observed.
Conclusion: Rivaroxaban induced inhibition of the mild procoagulant
state found in newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF)
patients, which was maintained through 30 days of treatment. The
plasma levels of the drug correlated with PT, anti-Xa activity and
decreased TG.
PO359-TUE
Low dose rivaroxaban for secondary prophylaxis after
full anticoagulation in patients with venous
thromboembolism
Zhou A1, Chan AK2, Lau KK3 and Chan HH4
1
Honours Integrated Science Program; 2Pediatrics, McMaster
University, Hamilton, Canada; 3Pediatrics, The Hong Kong
University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China; 4Medicine,
Background: After standard full anticoagulation for patients with 1st
episode of unprovoked venous thromboembolism (VTE), the optimal
duration of anticoagulation should take into account their inherited or
acquired prothrombotic conditions, bleeding risk and preference. Due
to predictable pharmacokinetics of new anticoagulants allowing multiple dosing options, the AMPLIFY-EXT study confirmed the role of
low dose apixaban as secondary (2) prophylaxis. Yet, apixaban has
only been licensed for VTE treatment since 2015, patients requiring 2
VTE prophylaxis had to resort to other licensed drugs in Canada.
Aims: To review the clinical outcomes of a patient cohort being treated
with low dose rivaroxaban (RIVlow)
Methods: In an academic thrombosis clinic, patients receiving 10 mg
RIV for 2 prophylaxis of VTE were reviewed. Apart from demo-
638
ABSTRACTS
graphic and medical data, patients thrombotic and bleeding outcomes

were analyzed.
Results: From 2013 to 2014, a total of 35 patients were on continuous
RIVlow for the following indications: single unprovoked VTE (n = 17),
multiple provoked VTE (n = 3), single provoked VTE with ongoing
risks (n = 6), multiple unprovoked VTE but intolerant to full anticoagulation (n = 7) and known high risk thrombophilia with sudden death
in an immediate family member (n = 2). After a median of 14 months
(median 12.7, range 1.734.4), 1 patient (3%) with antiphospholipid
syndrome (APLS) required discontinuation of prophylaxis because of
severe menorrhagia despite recurrent VTE. All other 34 patients
(97%) did not have any recurrence. Mild iron (Fe) deficiency was
found in 3 more patients (8.5%) likely due to preexisting menorrhagia,
which resolved after replacement.
Conclusion: This patient cohort sheds light onto the safety profile of
RIVlow for 2 prophylaxis after VTE, although RIVlow may be insufficient for APLS patients. The high prevalence of new onset Fe deficiency should prompt future clinicians to monitor Fe status routinely
in those receiving low dose, yet long term anticoagulants.
PO360-TUE
Intra-individual variability in trough and peak
dabigatran levels in real-life atrial fibrillation
patients
m R2, Ro
nquist-Nii Y3, BozicVene N1, Sinigoj P1, Malmstro
1
3
4
Mijovski M , Pohanka A , Antovic J and Mavri A1
1
Vascular diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana,
Ljubljana, Slovenia; 2Department of Medicine Solna;
3
Department of Laboratory Medicine Huddinge; 4Department of
Coagulation Research, Karolinska University Hospital,
Stockholm, Sweden
Background: In patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation treatment
with dabigatran in fixed doses without routine coagulation monitoring
and dose adjustement is recommended. However, plasma concentrations achieved with each dose vary widely across the patient population. In certain clinical situations measurements of the dabigatran
effect may be desirable and relevant.
Aims: To estimate the intra-patient variability in peak and through dabigatran levels.
Methods: In this prospective study we included 44 patients
(71 7 years, 25 women) who stated treatment with dabigatran
150 mg (D150) or 110 mg (D110) twice daily. After informed consent
was obtained, they contributed 170 through and peak blood samples
that were collected 24 and 68 weeks after dabigatran initiation. The
study was approved by the Slovene Ethics Committee. Plasma levels
of dabigatran were assessed by measuring dabigatran concentration
with LC-MS/MS and with coagulation tests: activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), Hemoclot thrombin inhibitor assay (HTI) and
ecarin chromogenic assay (ECT).
Results: Patients receiving D110 were older, had lower renal function
and higher CHADS2 score than those receiving D150, but had similar
concentration in both through and peak samples. Intra-individual variability varied less in trough than in peak samples when dabigatran levels were measured with LC-MS/MS (17.0 13.6 vs. 26.6 19.2%,
P = 0.02) or estimated by aPTT (4.5 3.3 vs. 9.5 6.5%, P < 0.01).
Variability in trough and peak values measured by HTI (23.3 20.4
vs. 25.7 19.2%, P = 0.57) and ECAT (20.9 20.7 vs.
28.5 21.3%, P = 0.13) was not significantly different.
Conclusion: A low intra-individual variability of dabigatran concentration in through samples suggests that one measurement may be appropriate to determine reliably through dabigatran levels. Variability assessed
by coagulation tests and in peak samples was considerably higher.
PO361-TUE
Direct-acting oral anticoagulants in the real world:
insights into health care providers understanding of
medication dosing and use
Pai M, Salib M, Delaney J, Panju M and Schulman S
Medicine, Mcmaster University, Hamilton, Canada
Background: Direct-acting oral anticoagulant (DOAC) use is increasing in Canada. All DOACs require dose adjustment for renal function,
and in some cases, for age as well. Manufacturers also provide instructions on DOAC administration. Dabigatran should not be exposed to
moisture, nor should it be crushed. Higher doses of rivaroxaban
should be taken with meals. Ideally, health care providers (HCPs)
should counsel patients about appropriate DOAC use, but their
understanding of these issues is unknown.
Aims: To assess nurse, pharmacist, staff physician and resident physician understanding of DOAC dosing and administration.
Methods: An electronic survey was distributed to HCPs at our tertiary
care hospital, with questions on DOAC administration, dose adjustment, patient counselling and comfort level with DOACs.
Results: Fifty-nine responses were received 10 from nurses, 1 from a
pharmacist, 23 from staff physicians (hematology, general medicine,
neurology), and 25 from residents. Only 10% of respondents correctly
specified the approved indications for all three DOACs available in
Canada. 32% felt comfortable or very comfortable prescribing DOACs. When counselling, 95% discussed bleeding, 47% discussed
adherence strategies, and 64% discussed when/how to take the drug.
31% knew dabigatran should not be exposed to moisture, 52% that it
should not be crushed. 29% knew higher dose rivaroxaban should be
taken with food. 81%, 69% and 76% adjusted dabigatran, rivaroxaban and apixaban, respectively, for renal function. However only
61% calculated renal function with an accepted formula. (The remainder used laboratory-reported eGFR or creatinine alone.) 61% and
54% adjusted dabigatran and apixaban, respectively, for age.
Conclusion: HCP understanding of DOACs is variable. Though they
express comfort with DOACs, their self-reported knowledge of dosing,
administration and patient counselling is incomplete. HCPs have a
unique opportunity to improve patients medication literacy; strategies
are needed to improve their knowledge base.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Pai Consultant for: Bayer, Sanofi, M. Salib:
None declared, J. Delaney: None declared, M. Panju: None declared,
S. Schulman Grant/Research Support from: Boehringer Ingelheim,
Octapharma, Baxter, Consultant for: Boehringer Ingelheim, Bayer,
Bristol-Myer-Squibb.
PO362-TUE
Direct oral anticoagulants in clinical practice real
world audit data
Bond S and Rhodes S
Anticoagulant Clinic, Great Western Hospital, Swindon, UK
Background: The Anticoagulant Service at GWH currently provides
counselling and dose adjustment of all patients commencing vitamin
K antagonists (VKAs), discharge planning for inpatients and a telephone advice line for patients and all healthcare professionals. In June
2012 we adopted the UK NICE-TA for dabigatran and rivaroxaban
for treatment of non-valvular AF in stroke prevention (SPAF) and in
September 2013 apixaban was included.
Aims: Agreement was made with the local commissioners to continue
to counsel patients commenced on the Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) with the aim of reviewing every patient to detect any adverse
event.
Methods: Use of a decision aid ensured suitability of any proposed
anticoagulant including checking for contra-indications, specialist
groups where advice is required before prescribing and risk factors for
ABSTRACTS
bleeding (HAS-BLED) and a proforma was developed for monitoring
these patients. Patients are reviewed at 3 months and annually thereafter to check for any problems including bleeding, deteriorating renal
function, episodes of dyspepsia or any other adverse event. Data is
also collated for patients on a DOAC for treatment of VTE.
Results: Four-hundred and twenty-two patients receiving a DOAC for
AF (10.5% of our total anticoagulant population)
66 on dabigatran of which 63 have had at least 1 review with 17 (27%)
having an adverse event (2 major bleeds).
203 on rivaroxaban of which 179 have had a review with 25 (14%)
having an adverse event (2 major).
153 on apixaban of which 131 have had a review with 3 (2.2%) having
an adverse event (1 major).
Conclusion: In our patients experience the DOACs appear to be well
tolerated. All adverse events ranged from 2.2% to 27% but serious
adverse events are low and similar ranging from 0.61.6%. Previous
local adverse event data for patients receiving VKAs showed there was
a 6% chance of an adverse event with a 1% risk of a major/fatal bleed
and a 3% risk of a minor bleed. No patient has had an embolic event.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Bond Grant/Research Support from: Educational grants to attend conferences from Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim
and Pfizer, S. Rhodes Grant/Research Support from: Educational
grants to attend conferences, advisory board attendances for Bayer,
Boehringer Ingelheim and Pfizer.
PO363-TUE
Nuances of NOACS in a developing country a single
center experience
Iyengar S, Ravibabu R, Lakshman S, Shenoy A, Sridhar G,
Fulmali M and Subash Chandra V
Cardiology, Manipal Hospital, Bangalore, India
Background: Stroke is a dreaded complication of atrial fibrillation
(AF) and oral anticoagulants are effective in reducing the risk of
stroke. New oral anticoagulants (NOACs) which have advantages
over vitamin K antagonists (VKA) are available now as alternatives.
Aims: 1) To study the prevalence of valvar and non-valvar AF
(NVAF) in patients with AF 2) To assess the risk of stroke and bleeding in patients with NVAF and, 3) To study the frequency of usage of
VKA and NOACs and their attendant problems.
Methods: All consecutively hospitalized patients with AF and those
patients with AF seen in cardiology OPD were included in this observational prospective study. CHA2DS2-VASc score was used to assess
the risk of stroke in patients with NVAF, and HASBLED score was
applied to estimate the risk of bleeding. Renal function was assessed
by Cockroft formula.
Results: of 86 patients, 43 were male. The mean age was 66.9 years.
Twenty-four patients had valvar AF, and 62 NVAF. 11 (12.7%)
patients had stroke. 42 (48.8%) had hypertension, 18 (20.9%) had diabetes, 18 (20.9%) had coronary artery disease (CAD), 3 (3.4%) had
cardiomyopathy, 17 (19.7%) were detected to have thyroid dysfunction and 7 (8.1%) chronic kidney disease (CKD) The mean
CHA2DS2-VASc score was 3.0, and HASBLED score was 1.96.
All 24 patients of valvar AF received VKA. Out of 62 patients with
NVAF, 15 received NOAC, 27 were on VKA (23 refused NOAC due
to cost costraint and 3 had creatinine clearance <30 mL min1) and 20
on antiplatelets (CHADS score 1 or less in 5 and 15 unwilling to take
anticoagulant). Three switched to NOAC from VKA, and one opted
to switch from NOAC to VKA. Of 51 patients who were on VKA, 2
had hemorrhagic stroke. Five patients died. No adverse effects were
reported with NOACs.
Conclusion: 1. NVAF was more frequent than valvar AF. 2. Antiplatelets are still being used inappropriately 3. NOACs are attractive alternatives to VKA. 4. Cost is a major constraint in our practice for using
NOACs.
639
Disclosure of Interest: S. Iyengar Speaker Bureau of: ASTRA ZENECA, PFIZER, Boerhinger, R. Ravibabu: None declared, S. Lakshman: None declared, A. Shenoy Speaker Bureau of: ASTRA
ZENECA, S. G: None declared, M. Fulmali: None declared, S. C. V:
None declared.
PO364-TUE
Rivaroxaban pharmacokinetics before and after
bariatric surgery: a case and discussion
Dresser G, Gulilat M and Kim R
Medicine, Western University, London, Canada
Background: Morbidly obese patients represent a special population
with higher incidence of venous thromboembolism and atrial fibrillation (AF). As such, they may be considered for therapy with direct acting oral anticoagulants. Unfortunately, limited information is
available regarding the pharmacokinetics (PK) of these agents in this
group as patients with significantly elevated BMI were excluded or
under-represented in clinical trials of these agents. The bioavailability
of rivaroxaban (Riva) is particularly sensitive to food intake, with as
much as a 40% increase in absorption in the fed compared to fasted
state. When an obese patient undergoes bariatric surgery, they
undergo physical alteration of their upper gastrointestinal tract, and
an alteration in food intake, from fed to fasting. Despite a single published report of a patient who had bariatric surgery and then received
Riva sometime after the surgery1,2, it remains unclear what the impact
of bariatric surgery is on the PK of Riva.
Aims: The aim of this report is to define the effects of bariatric surgery
on the PK of Riva pre- and post-procedure.
Methods: Our anticoagulation clinic services patients with atrial fibrillation in the Southwestern Ontario region. Following appropriate
informed consent, a 45 year old patient with AF and a BMI of 60, provided plasma samples for PK analysis.
Results: Pre-bariatric surgery, with BMI of 62 kg m2, the plasma
concentration 19 h after Riva 20 mg was 9.2 ng mL1. This value falls
below the 5th percentile (5th95th percentile: 11182). Six weeks after
sleeve gastrectomy, weight decreased to BMI 53.5. Repeat concentration 1.8 h after Riva was 231.9 ng mL1. This value falls close to the
expected mean concentration (Mean, 5th95th percentile: 273.5,
184.3398.5).
Conclusion: In this case, bioavailability of rivaroxaban increased after
bariatric surgery. Available data on Riva concentrations versus BMI
will be presented. The utility of a clinical pharmacology approach will
be discussed.
Disclosure of Interest: G. Dresser Speaker Bureau of: Bayer, M. Gulilat: None declared, R. Kim: None declared.
PO365-TUE
Renal function course in patients treated with new oral
anticoagulants
Grifoni E1, Marcucci R1, Poli D2, Priora R1, Pazzi M1, Fabbri A1,
Fatini C1, Mannini L2, Gori AM1,3, Abbate R1 and Gensini GF1,3
1
of Florence; 2Atherothrombotic Unit, Careggi Hospital; 3Don
Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS, Firenze, Italy
Background: New Oral Anticoagulants (NOACs) may be prescribed
for preventing ischemic stroke and systemic embolism in patients with
non-valvular Atrial Fibrillation (AF), and for treatment and prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism. NOACs are characterized by a
rapid onset of action, prevalent renal excretion, and a more predictable pharmacokinetics than Vitamin K Antagonists. Follow-up visits
640
ABSTRACTS
must be scheduled to carefully assess both adherence to therapy and

renal function, whose deterioration may be associated with increased
bleeding risk.
Aims: To assess the course of renal function after starting NOACs.
Methods: Blood samples were collected before and after 1-month of
NOACs treatment.
Results: Study population included 108 patients (54 females, 54 males,
median age 77 years), referred to Atherothrombotic Unit of Careggi
University Hospital, Florence, Italy. The average of baseline Glomerular Filtration Rate, estimated by Cockcroft-Gault formula (eGFR),
was 64.5 (IQR 53.080.8) mL min1. In the overall population, no significant difference was observed between baseline and 1-month eGFR.
By considering the indication for NOACs, in patients with AF,
females showed a significant worsening of eGFR after 1-month [baseline: 63.0 (IQR 52.876.5) vs. 1-month: 57.3 (IQR 50.5- 76.8)
mL min1, P = 0.048]. No significant correlation was found between
variation of eGFR [(baseline eGFR-1 month eGFR)/baseline eGFR]
and CHA2DS2VASc score (r = 0.168, P = 0.138).
Conclusion: A worsening of renal function was observed in AF females
on NOACs. These preliminary data need to be confirmed in a larger
study addressed to a better stratification of the risk of renal function
deterioration.
PO366-TUE
The effects of direct oral anticoagulants apixaban and
rivaroxaban on haemostasis tests: results from a
comprehensive cross-laboratory exercise
Bonar RA1, Favaloro E2, Marsden K1 and Sioufi J1
1
Haematology, Rcpaqap Pty Ltd, St Leonards; 2Haematology,
Pathology West, Westmead, Australia
Background: The direct inhibitors of activated Factor X, apixaban and
rivaroxaban are increasingly used for VTE prevention and therapy.
They do not usually require laboratory monitoring but may interact
with standard haemostasis tests. Testing to determine the degree of
anticoagulation is useful in specific situations.
Aims: To determine the effects of apixaban and rivaroxaban on a wide
range of haemostasis tests, primarily in Australasian laboratories.
Methods: Sixteen samples of pooled normal plasma spiked with apixaban or rivaroxaban, at levels covering the therapeutic range and
beyond, were sent to 49 RCPAQAP Haemostasis participants. They
were asked to perform a range of haemostasis tests.
Results: 90% of participants returned results. Rivaroxaban had more
effect than apixaban on the APTT and prothrombin time; the sensitivity varied with different reagents. APTT and PT were largely unaffected by therapeutic levels of apixaban. One stage APTT factor
assays (e.g. FVIII, FIX) showed false decreases with increasing concentration of apixaban or rivaroxaban. The Protein S clot-based
assays exhibited a false increase in the level of expected PS with
increasing levels of apixaban or rivaroxaban. However, the LIA free
assays were unaffected by apixaban and rivaroxaban. Except for IL
and Siemens Innovance assays (anti-Xa based) the antithrombin chromogenic assays were unaffected by apixaban or rivaroxaban. The
dRVVT showed near linear prolongation with increasing apixaban or
rivaroxaban. Good correlation was observed between expected levels
of drug and participant results with anti-Xa assays. Thrombin generation tests were affected at all drug concentrations.
Conclusion: At most concentrations, these drugs affect the results of
most haemostasis tests. Laboratories should become familiar with
drug effects for correct interpretation of results. Our study provides
useful data to assist in assessment of results in patients on apixaban or
rivaroxaban.
PO367-TUE
Effect of new oral anticoagulants on protein C system
Geltcer I, Golovina O, Smirnova O, Matvienko O and Papayan L
Laboratory of Blood Coagulation, Russian Research Institute of
Haematology And Transfusion, Saint -Petersburg, Russian
Federation
Background: Thromboembolism currently occupies the top three positions in the cardiovascular causes of morbidity and mortality in the
developed world. In present time, novel oral anticoagulants, along
with vitamin K antagonists, are widely used in clinical practice.
Aims: The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of dabigatran
and rivaroxaban on protein C (PC) system.
Methods: 86 patients with venous thromboembolism were studied, 17
on dabigatran, 69 on rivaroxaban. The control group consisted of 32
healthy persons. Thrombin generation was measured with Calibrated
Automated Thrombogram using TF 5 pM. Endogenous thrombin
potential (ETP, nM*min) was evaluated with and without addition of
thrombomodulin (rh-TM). PC system efficacy was estimated by reduction of the ETP value (%) after addition of rh-TM. Statistica 6.0 package was used for the statistical analysis with nonparametric methods
(median (Me), 95% confidence interval (95% CI) and Mann-Whitney
U test were used for data description).
Results: Dabigatran patients plasma revealed difference with control
values, when rh-TM was added (+rh-TM: Me-1166.8, CI: 825.6
1600.0 vs. Me-878.0, CI: 538.81381.0, P < 0.006; rh-TM: Me1618.0, CI: 978.42099.0 vs. Me-1756.0, CI: 1220.62159.9, P = 1.56).
ETP differed significantly from control in patients received rivaroxaban with or without rh-TM (Me-217.3, CI: 66.4875.8 vs. Me-878.0,
CI: 538.81381.0, P < 0.0001; Me-1062.1, CI: 571.81840,1 vs. Me1756.0, CI: 1220.62159.9, P < 0.0001, respectively). We discovered
the decrease of ETP values in patients on dabigatran or rivaroxaban
vs. control after addition of rh-TM: Me-22.3, CI: 9.239.3 vs. Me51.5, CI: 22.964.4, P < 0.0001; Me-79.5, CI: 36.489.2 vs. Me-51.5,
CI: 22.964.4, P < 0.0001, accordingly.
Conclusion: These results suggest the enhancement of PC system in
patients received rivaroxaban.
PO368-TUE
A study of DOAC awareness indicating inadequate
recognition with potential for patient harm
Watson H1, Olaiya A1, Watt B1, Lurie B1 and McDonald L2
1
Haematology; 2Pharmacy, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen,
UK
Background: Many medical practitioners are unable to accurately indicate whether a patient on a DOAC is anticoagulated or not. This has
serious implications for clinical management.
Aims: We assessed whether clinicians recognised from routine clinical
information that the patient was anticoagulated and secondly whether
it was safe to perform an invasive procedure.
Methods: In an on line study respondents were asked about their
awareness of named DOACs. Then a clinical scenario was presented
alongside coagulation test results and respondents were asked (i) is the
patient adequately anticoagulated? (ii) is it safe to perform an invasive
procedure on the patient.
Results: 143 individuals responded, 41% from primary and 59% from
secondary care. 126 (88%), 115 (80%) and 72 (50%) recognised rivaroxaban, dabigatran and apixaban to be oral anticoagulants. Significantly more respondents in primary than secondary care recognised
dabigatran (P = 0.01) but this was not so for rivaroxaban or apixaban
(P = 0.09 and 0.1). Within secondary care, those in medical specialties
were significantly more likely than others to be aware of dabigatran
(P = 0.008) and apixaban (P = 0.001) but not rivaroxaban (P = 0.11).
ABSTRACTS
Based on information that the patient had received a dose of anticoagulant 12 h before testing <17.5% knew the patient would be anticoagulated. Although a higher proportion recognised that it was not safe
to perform an invasive procedure, almost 60% did not. Significantly
more in secondary than primary indicated that it was not safe to proceed for rivaroxaban (P < 0.035) and dabigatran (P < 0.005) but there
was no difference for apixaban. In secondary care those in medical
specialties were significantly more likely to recognise the inadvisability
of an invasive procedure in relation to dabigatran (P = 0.003) and
apixaban (P = 0.004) but not rivaroxaban (P = 0.2).
Conclusion: Currently, recognition of DOACs and their management
before invasive procedures are inadequate, with a high risk of patient
harm. Improved training is required urgently.
PO369-TUE
Circulating concentration of rivaroxaban or dabigatran
anticoagulants in clinically selected patients
Needham J, Lewis H, McMullen A, Everington T, Rangarajan S
and Mangles S
Haemophilia Haemostasis and Thrombosis Centre, North
Hampshire Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Basingstoke, UK
Background: In accordance with guidelines patients receiving anticoagulants Rivaroxaban or Dabigatran do not require regular monitoring
of circulating inhibitory levels. However, there are clinical situation
were assessment of anti-Xa or anti-IIa activity may be appropriate to
determine adequacy of anticoagulant effect or assessment in bleeding
complications, particularly in patients prescribed potentially interacting medication or suffering from pathologies predisposing to anticoagulant complications.
Aims: To measure circulating Rivaroxaban or Dabigatran concentration in clinically selected patients to access presence of anti-Xa or antiIIa inhibition at 23 h post dose and correlate with reported Peak
ranges.
Methods: Assays were performed on Destiny Max coagulation analyser (Stago UK), using patient citrated plasma. Dabigatran concentration was determined using Biophen DTI chromogenic anti-IIa assay
and calibrated using specific calibrators and Controls (Hyphen BioMed). Rivaroxaban concentration was determined using Chromogenic
Liquid Anti-Xa assay (Stago UK) and calibrated using specific calibrators and controls (Hyphen BioMed).
Results: Concentration of Rivaroxaban ranged from 70 to
475 ng mL1 with 23% of patients under and 29% over the Peak
range of 175360 ng mL1. for Dabigatran concentration ranged
from 54 to 811 ng mL1 with 10% of patients under and 7% over the
Peak range of 64443 ng mL1.
Conclusion: Results found a number of patients had concentration of
Rivaroxaban or Dabigatran outside Peak range which in association
with interacting medication or other medical conditions may be clinically significant. However, trough level concentrations may be more
clinically informative identifying adequate or inadequate anticoagulant cover between doses for thrombosis prevention and highlighting
bleeding risk with increased levels.
641
PO370-TUE
Comparing reversal effect of factor X concentrate and
by-passing agents on rivaroxaban in an ex vivo spiking
study with rotem
Drebes A and Riddell A
The Katharine Dormandy Haemophilia Centre and Thrombosis
Unit, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
Background: Despite the short half-life of the direct oral Xa-inhibitors
immediate reversal of anticoagulant effect might still be required in the
event of major bleeding or emergency surgery. Whilst both recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) and prothrombin complex concentrate
(PCC) act as by-passing agents, the use of FX concentrate (FX) would
be a replacement strategy.
Aims: In this ex vivo spiking study, using blood samples from patients
on rivaroxaban, we are comparing the reversal effect of FX, rFVIIa
and PCC measured by rotational thromboelastography (ROTEM).
Methods: Citrated venous whole blood with and without CTI
(20 lg mL1) was collected from 26 consecutive patients with atrial
fibrillation on treatment dose Rivaroxaban. Rivaroxaban levels were
measured in platelet poor plasma using anti-Xa assay (IL, USA)
against rivaroxaban calibrators (Hyphen BioMed, France). for ROTEM analysis citrated whole blood was activated with a 1:50,000 dilution of Innovin (Siemens, Germany) and 0.2 M CaCl2 after ex vivo
spiking with three different doses of FX concentrate (in vivo equivalent
(IVE) 40, 20, 10 iu kg1), and two different doses for rFVIIa (IVE
100, 60 lg kg1) and PCC (IVE 40, 20 iu kg1).
Results: The prolongation of ROTEM parameters observed, was
dependent on rivaroxaban plasma concentration which varied from
160 to 556 ng mL1 (mean 311 ng mL1). In response to ex vivo spiking dose-dependent percentage correction of baseline was observed
with all three agents. At the highest dose of each agent used, percentage correction for clotting time was 25%(FX), 45%(rFVIIa), 45%
(PCC), clot formation time 31%(FX), 66%(rFVIIa), 45%(PCC), maximum velocity 65%(FX), 157%(rFVIIa), 65%(PCC), time to maximum velocity 33%(FX), 51%(rFVIIa), 45%(PCC).
Conclusion: Substantive percentage reversal of ROTEM parameters
was observed with all three agents. The safety profile of factor X concentrate could support higher in-vivo doses, for further correction of
these ROTEM parameters. Efficacy will have to be tested further in
clinical studies.
Disclosure of Interest: A. Drebes Grant/Research Support from: BPL;
Bayer, A. Riddell: None declared.
PO371-TUE
Management of bleeding and emergency situations for
patients treated with dabigatran- single centre
experience
Prigancova T, Batorova A and Jankovicova D
National Hemophilia Centre, Department of Hematology and
Transfusion Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Comenius
University, University Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia C, Bratislava,
Slovakia
Background: Dabigatran, a new oral anticoagulant with many benefits
versus warfarin, has been increasingly prescribed for prophylaxis and
treatment of thrombosis without age limitations. However, in the
absence of an antidote the bleeding control and surgery remain to be a
major challenge.
Aims: Management of surgery and major bleeds in patients treated
with dabigatran admitted to our hospital in 20132014.
Methods: Five pats (8493 years) with atrial fibrillation and satisfactory renal function at the start of dabigatran therapy (2 9 110 mg)
developed serious clinical situations: 2 pats femurs fracture requiring
642
ABSTRACTS
surgery and 3 pats major bleeds (soft tissue of the neck 1, gastrointestinal 1, retroperitoneal 1). We monitored INR, aPTTratio (aPTTR),
thrombin clotting time (TCT) and hemoclot thrombin inhibitors
(HTI) and evaluated laboratory and clinical effect of prothrombin
complex concentrate (PCC) and rFVIIa, administered in 3 and 1 pat,
respectively.
Results: At admission (1012 h after last dabigatran use) TCT was
>150s and the range of aPTTR 2.83.8, INR 1.43.2 and HTI 200
370 ng mL1. All patients had reduced renal function (creatinine
clearance <50 mL min1). PCC (2040 IU kg1) resulted in a transient decrease of INR (1.11.4) with no influence on the aPTTR and
TCT, which remained unchanged 4896 h. Three pats survived thanks
to a general supportive therapy. Two pats died due to the sequelae of
bleeding. Patient 5 with massive retroperitoneal hematoma received
PCC and single dose of rFVIIa (100 lg kg1) with no laboratory nor
clinical effect and patient died due to hemorrhagic shock and heart
failure.
Conclusion: Despite an excellent safety profile demonstrated in preregistration studies with dabigatran in all age groups, this medicament
should be prescribed with a caution especially in elderly patients who,
regardless to anticoagulant therapy have a higher probability of accidents as well as of the onset of comorbidity with renal function impairment.
PO372-TUE
Bleeding and treatment failure in patients taking direct
oral anticoagulants referred to emergency department:
a cohort management study
Compostella C1, Rocca FD2, Jose SP3, Zoppellaro G3, Denas G3,
Bracco A3, Vettore G2 and Pengo V3
1
Emergency Department, University of Padua; 2Emergency
Department, University Hospital; 3Cardiac Thoracic and Vascular
Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
Background: Limited experience in the management of haemorrhagic
and thromboembolic complications may determine the underuse of
Direct Oral Anticoagulants (DOACs).
Aims: To report the results of a structured management of haemorrhagic and thromboembolic complications in patients treated with
DOACs in the Emergency Department (ED) of a University Hospital.
Methods: We considered consecutive patients taking Dabigatran, Rivaroxaban or Apixaban referred to the Emergency Department for
haemorrhagic or thromboembolic events.
Results: From January 2014 to January 2015, 32 patients reported
bleeding complications (9 major and 23 minor bleedings using ISTH
criteria) and 10 thromboembolic events. Intracranial haemorrhages
(ICH) were 4, 3 of which were traumatic (subdural) and 1 was a spontaneous intraparenchimal bleeding. No one of the traumatic ICH
required surgery and reversal of anticoagulation according to clinical
judgement and drug concentration while the intraparenchimal bleeding was treated with 4-factors prothrombin complex concentrates
(PCC, 50 U kg1). A pulmonary embolism followed by intestinal
occlusion complicated the clinical course of this patient. Only 1 of the
other major bleedings was treated with PCC and tranexamic acid: this
was a traumatic upper limb bleeding in a patient taking a DOAC plus
dual antiplatelet treatment. Two gastro-intestinal (GI) bleedings and 1
genital-urinary (GU) bleeding underwent blood transfusion. In only
one patient with GI bleeding the drug concentration was high after
10 h from last intake: this was a 90 year old patient with renal impairment and low body weight. Among thromboembolic events, 7 were
arterial (2 stroke, 4 TIA and 1 peripheral arterial embolism) and 3
were venous (2 PE and 1 DVT). In stroke patients aspirin 100 mg/die
was added to treatment and DOAC was not changed in any case.
Conclusion: In this initial experience, patients treated with DOACs

rarely needed the reversal of anticoagulation.
PO373-TUE
Performances of a new commercial chromogenic assay
for the measurement of apixaban concentration in
plasma
Minon J-M1, Vasbien M1, Gougnard T2, Appeltans H3 and
Borgoens P3
1
Thrombosis-Haemostasis Unit, Department of Laboratory
Medicine; 2Toxicology Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine;
3
Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, CHR
Citadelle Li
ege, Li
ege, Belgium
Background: Apixaban, an oral direct factor Xa inhibitor, is given at
fixed daily doses and was cleared without the need of blood monitoring. However, the quantification of apixaban concentration in plasma
can be needed in specific situations such as emergency surgery or during bleeding situation. A new chromogenic assay has been developed
to allow rapid and automated testing to determine plasmatic apixaban
concentration.
Aims: to assess the performances of this new commercial assay by
comparison to a homemade ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method (LCMS).
Methods: 113 samples were tested, including 22 samples recruited on
site and 7 spiked samples (for highest concentrations). Remaining samples came from clinical studies leaded by BMS (Bristol-Myers Squibb).
The new assay for apixaban quantification in plasma was performed
using STA Liquid anti-Xa with STA Apixaban Calibrator and
STA Apixaban Control (Stago, Asnieres s/Seine, France). The tests
were run on a STA-R analyser (Stago). The results were compared to
LCMS performed on site, previously cross-validated with the LCMS
reference method used by BMS.
Results: LCMS results ranged from 42 to 471 ng mL1. Correlation
between the new chromogenic assay and LCMS was excellent
(r = 0.981) and more than 97% of results were within predefined criteria for Bland&Altman analysis. In addition, sample results from
patients without apixaban confirm the good sensitivity around the
quantification limit (23 ng mL1).
Conclusion: The comparison between the new chromogenic assay for
apixaban and the LCMS method demonstrates the good overall correlation between both techniques. As this new assay will be easily available in haemostasis laboratory and is automatized, it will give to
laboratories the possibility to quickly and safely measure apixaban
concentration in plasma.
Disclosure of Interest: J.-M. Minon Grant/Research Support from:
Stago, M. Vasbien Grant/Research Support from: Stago, T. Gougnard Grant/Research Support from: Stago, H. Appeltans: None
declared, P. Borgoens: None declared.
ABSTRACTS
PO374-TUE
Treatment options for major haemorrhage and urgent
intervention in patients on a NOAC interim results
from the anticoagulation reversal and events study
(ARES) collaborative
Baker R1,2, Gallus A3, Brighton T4, Harper P5, Young L6, Joseph J7,
Hugman A8, H K2, McGregor S2, Curnow J9, on behalf of the
ARES Collaborative Investigators of the Australasian Society of
Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ASTH)
1
Western Australian Centre for Thrombosis and Haemostasis
(WACTH) Murdoch University; 2Perth Blood Institute, Perth;
3
Haematology, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide;
4
Haematology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia;
5
Haematology, Palmerston North Hospital, Palmerston North;
6
Haematology, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand;
7
Haematology, St Vincents Hospital; 8Haematology, St George
Hospital; 9Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
Background: The ARES Collaborative is a large multicentre international observational prospective study of consecutive patients who
present with haemorrhage, urgent surgery or thromboembolism who
are taking non vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants; NOACs
dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban) or warfarin therapy. ACT Registry Number 12613001304729
Aims: Observe the choice and dose of haemostatic agent(s) used in
NOAC patients who presented with major haemorrhage or for urgent
reversal
Methods: Observational outcome data from the initial 38 NOAC
patients who presented with major bleeding (n = 27) or requiring
urgent surgery or intervention (n = 11).
Results: A majority of the patients were taking dabigatran (63.2%)
with the remainder taking rivaroxaban (34.2%) and apixaban (2.6%).
Major haemorrhage occurred primarily in the GI tract (44.4%) and
CNS (37%). Prothrombinex VF was given in 16 patients at mean dose
of 34.06 IU kg1 (range 20.347.6 IU kg1) and FEIBA in 6 patients
at a mean dose of 45.4 IU kg1 (range 37.553.1 IU kg1). No FVIIa
was utilised and almost half the patients did not received any haemostatic agent. Of the patients that received a haemostatic agent, 90%
used only one dose and around half also received concomitant supportive care. >80% of patients presenting with NOAC related events
had prolonged APTT/PT but only in 7/38 had specific drug assays.
Overall 30 day mortality was 7.8%.
Conclusion: In NOAC patients with major haemorrhage, one dose of
Prothrombinex VF or FEIBA (20.353.1 U kg1) appears to be sufficient if a haemostatic agent is used. Standard coagulation assays are
prolonged in the majority of cases indicating the presence but not the
drug level of the NOAC. Specific NOAC assays are rarely performed
but should be encouraged to assist in the clinical decision process. The
ARES collaborative continues to recruit 2000 patients with clinical
adjudication of the haemostatic agent efficacy and assessment of
NOAC drug assays to better inform clinical decisions for NOAC
events.
Disclosure of Interest: R. Baker Grant/Research Support from: funding for clinical trials from Biogen Idec, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bayer,
Baxter Healthcare, Pfizer, Daiichi Sankyo, Portola Pharmaceuticals,
Astellas and CSL Behring, has participated in clinical advisory boards
for Amgen, Biogen Idec, Baxter Healthcare, Boehringer Ingelheim,
Bayer, Alexion Pharmaceuticals, and Pfizer, Research support from
Baxter Healthcare, Bayer, Bristol- Myers Squibb and Alexion Pharmaceuticals has received conference travel support from Amgen, Novo
Nordisk, Baxter Healthcare and Alexion Pharmaceuticals., A. Gallus:
None declared, T. Brighton: None declared, P. Harper: None declared,
L. Young: None declared, J. Joseph: None declared, A. Hugman:
None declared, K. Hiscock: None declared, S. McGregor: None
declared, J. Curnow Grant/Research Support from: Bayer, Consultant
for: Pfizer/BMS, Boehringer Ingelheim, Speaker Bureau of: Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim.
643
PO375-TUE
Prothrombinase induced clotting time (PiCT) for
measuring the activity of direct factor Xa inhibitors in
clinical setting
n B2, Lo
pez-Andreoni L1,
Olivera PE1, Cortina V1, Pons V1, Mercha
1
3
2
2
Artaza G , Menino E , Marn A , Bosch F and Santamara A1
1
Hemostasis and Thrombosis Unit; 2Department of Hematology,
University Hospital Vall d Hebron; 3Primary healthcare center
Rio de Janeiro-Prosperitat, Barcelona, Spain
Background: To achieve efficient and safe anticoagulation with direct
factor Xa inhibitors a close and reliable drug monitoring could be necessary in critical circumstances. Therefore is a need to find a universal
test adaptable to standard instruments would simplify monitoring antithrombotic therapy with these drugs. Pefakit PiCT is a clotting
assay sensitive to factor Xa and factor IIa inhibitors and could be used
as a quantitative global test.
Aims: To evaluate the correlation between Pefakit PiCT and plasma
levels of direct factor Xa inhibitors.
Methods: Using the Technoclone anti-Xa assay from Technoclone
(Vienna-Austria), levels of direct factor Xa inhibitors were tested in 52
Blood samples from 26 patients, under treatment with rivaroxaban
and apixaban, to determine the highest and the lowest blood levels of
the drugs by obtaining a blood sample just before the morning dose
then sampling the blood again 2 h after of the administered dose (calibration curves were obtained by measuring anti-FXa activity on different plasma calibrators with known amounts of every anticoagulant).
Pefakit PiCT tests (Pentapharm, Basel-Switzerland) were performed
in samples all blood samples, normal ratio for PiCT assay was established by measuring clotting times on 86 normal samples.
Results: Clotting time ratio was prolonged in a concentration-dependent fashion at higher direct factor Xa inhibitors levels. There was a
linear correlation between direct factor Xa inhibitors levels (ranging
between 15.3 and 457.6 ng mL1) and ratios for Pefakit PiCT test.
Pearsons correlation value was 0.72 with bilateral significance P value
< 0.01.
Conclusion: Pefakit PiCT test, could be a valuable diagnostic test
for rapid determination of the effect of direct factor Xa inhibitors and
would allow therapeutical decisions in critical circumstances such as
reversal of treatment or to ensure an optimal dose.
PO376-TUE
An open-label study of dabigatran pharmacokinetics
and pharmacodynamics in patients with moderate
renal impairment undergoing primary unilateral
elective total knee or hip replacement surgery
Eriksson B1, Mikuska Z2, Feuring M3, Amiral J4, Haertter S5,
Stangier J5, Nehmiz G5, Lobmeyer M5 and Weitz J6
1
University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/
lndal, Mo
lndal, Sweden; 2Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH
Mo
& Co KG, Vienna, Austria; 3Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH
& Co KG, Ingelheim am Rhein, Germany; 4Hyphen Biomed,
Andresy, France; 5Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KG,
Biberach an der Ri, Germany; 6McMaster University and
Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton,
Canada
Background: In patients undergoing total hip/knee replacement (THR/
TKR), the recommended dose of dabigatran etexilate (DE) for prevention of venous thromboembolism is 220 mg once daily (qd). A lower
dose (150 mg qd) is recommended for patients with moderate renal
644
ABSTRACTS
impairment (RI; creatinine clearance (CrCL) 3050 mL min1), but

experience in these patients is limited.
Aims: To assess PK, PD and safety of DE 150 mg qd in patients with
moderate RI undergoing THR/TKR.
Methods: A single-arm, open-label multicenter trial including adult,
Caucasian patients with moderate RI. Patients received DE 75 mg 1
4 h after surgery and 150 mg qd from day 210 (TKR) or day 235
(THR), respectively. Steady-state blood sampling was at predose and
1, 2, 4, 8 and 24 h postdose on day 6 1. Total plasma dabigatran
concentrations were determined by HPLC with tandem mass spectrometry. PD parameters were dilute thrombin time, activated partial
thromboplastin time and ECT. Ethics committee approval and
informed consent were obtained ahead of the studies.
Results: 112 patients received DE (52 THR, 60 TKR; mean CrCL
42.5 mL min1; 69.6% female; mean age 79.1 years). Geometric mean
(gMean) dabigatran trough plasma concentration predose (Cpre,ss) was
47.5 ng mL1 (interquartile range [IQR] 29.671.2). Cpre,ss was comparable to that in patients with mild RI (CrCL 50<80 mL min1)
receiving DE 220 mg qd in RE-NOVATE II (30.2 ng mL1; IQR
19.455.0); a higher average concentration may reflect the older population with more females than in the phase III trial. Median time to
gMean peak concentration (166 ng mL1) was 2.2 h. There were no
thromboembolic events. Major bleeding occurred in 4 patients (2 surgical site and 2 gastrointestinal tract). PD results will be presented at
the meeting.
Conclusion: DE 150 mg qd is an appropriate dose for patients with
moderate RI undergoing THR or TKR. The rate of major bleeding is
in the range expected without adjudication of events, given the small
sample size.
Disclosure of Interest: B. Eriksson Consultant for: Boehringer Ingelheim, Z. Mikuska Employee of: Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH &
Co KG, M. Feuring Employee of: Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma
GmbH & Co KG, J. Amiral Consultant for: Boehringer Ingelheim, S.
Haertter Employee of: Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co
KG, J. Stangier Employee of: Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH &
Co KG, G. Nehmiz Employee of: Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma
GmbH & Co KG, M. Lobmeyer Employee of: Boehringer Ingelheim
at the time of study conduct and analysis, J. Weitz Consultant for: Boehringer Ingelheim.
PO377-TUE
Qualitative folllow up of emergency department (ED)
patients discharged on rivaroxaban for low risk venous
thromboembolism
Nordenholz KE1, Thompson E2, Trujillo T3 and Misky G4
1
Emergency Medicine; 2University of Colorado Denver, Aurora,
USA; 3Pharmacy; 4Medicine, University of Colorado Denver,
Aurora, USA
Background: FDA approval of rivaroxaban for venous thromboembolism (VTE) treatment has introduced another outpatient option from
the Emergency Department (ED).
Aims: Qualitatively measure performance of rivaroxaban for ED VTE
treatment.
Methods: Electronic health records identified ED patients discharged
on rivaroxaban for treatment of VTE over 10-months. ED patients
were contacted to determine if they were able to obtain and continue
rivaroxaban and if dosing was appropriate. Patients were interviewed
to determine their understanding of drug purpose and complications.
Patients admitted or receiving rivaroxaban for atrial fibrillation were
excluded.
Results: Out of 253 ED patients (95 discharged, 158 admitted) with an
acute VTE diagnosis, 19 patients were discharged on rivaroxaban. The
biggest barrier to not getting rivaroxaban prescribed was lack of
approving insurance status at the time of ED encounter. Patient insur-
ance status was as follows: 11/19 patients had third party insurance, 3/
19 Medicaid, 3/19 Medicare and 2/19 workmans compensation. 7/19
were not able to continue rivaroxaban due to financial reasons. 14/19
patients were able to be contacted by telephone and all stated they had
received drug education and warned of potential risks. 2/14 patients
reported that their dose was not correctly changed at day 21 or that
their primary provider was not familiar with the drug or dose change.
Chart review for the remaining 5/19 patients showed 1/19 had bleeding
and 1/19 had a new PE while on rivaroxaban, each requiring subsequent hospital admission. 9/19 reported satisfaction with rivaroxaban.
Conclusion: The incorporation of insurance-approved rivaroxaban
into a ED VTE Care Pathway appeared to be satisfactory in patients
able to continue rivaroxaban. However appropriate follow up is still
required as some patients experience complications. Further primary
provider education is warranted and additional data is required to further clarify the benefits and risks of using rivaroxaban in this setting.
Disclosure of Interest: K. Nordenholz Grant/Research Support from:
Boehringer Ingelheim, Consultant for: Roche, E. Thompson: None
declared, T. Trujillo Consultant for: Janssen, G. Misky: None
declared.
PO378-TUE
Net clinical benefit of dabigatran versus warfarin in
prevention of recurrent venous thromboembolism: a
pooled analysis of re-cover and re-cover II
Schulman S1, Eriksson H2, Kakkar A3, Kearon C1, Schellong S4,
Feuring M5, Hantel S5, Kreutzer J5 and Goldhaber SZ6
1
Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON,
Canada; 2Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University
Hospital-Ostra,
Gothenburg, Sweden; 3Thrombosis Research
Institute and University College London, London, UK; 4Medical
Division 2, Municipal Hospital Friedrichstadt, Dresden;
5
Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH & Co KG, Ingelheim am Rhein,
Germany; 6Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Womens
Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Background: In the RE-COVER/RE-COVER II trials in patients with
acute venous thromboembolism (VTE), a fixed dose of dabigatran etexilate (DE) was as effective as warfarin for prevention of recurrent
VTE and was associated with a lower risk of bleeding.
Aims: To place the combined efficacy and safety of each anticoagulant
in perspective, and to provide a more refined comparison of DE versus
warfarin, we have calculated the net clinical benefit (NCB) of DE and
of warfarin.
Methods: In both studies, patients were randomized to warfarin or
warfarin-placebo plus parenteral anticoagulation for 5 days until
international normalized ratio (INR) was 2 at 2 consecutive measurements. Parenteral therapy was then discontinued, and patients continued warfarin (target INR range 2.03.0) or received DE 150 mg twice
daily for 6 months (double-dummy treatment period). Outcomes were
centrally adjudicated. NCB was the composite of cardiovascular endpoints (nonfatal events of recurrent VTE, MI, stroke, or systemic
embolism), all-cause death, plus bleeding outcomes consisting of (a)
only major bleeding events (MBEs; narrow definition) or (b) MBEs
and clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding events (CRBEs; broad definition). All individual endpoints within the combined NCB endpoints
were weighted equally. Ethics committee approval and informed consent were obtained ahead of the studies.
Results: The narrow NCB outcome, which did not include CRBEs,
showed similar NCB between patients who received DE (155/2553/
6.1%) and those receiving warfarin (152/2554/6.0%), hazard ratio
(HR) (95% CI) versus warfarin: 1.02 (0.81, 1.27). The broad NCB outcome, which included CRBEs, occurred in significantly fewer patients
ABSTRACTS
who received DE (252/2553/9.9%) versus warfarin (308/2554/12.1%),
HR (95% CI) versus warfarin: 0.80 (0.68, 0.95).
Conclusion: In the assessment of NCB in the prevention of recurrent
VTE in patients with acute VTE, DE was similar to or superior to warfarin, depending on how NCB was defined.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Schulman Grant/Research Support from: Boehringer Ingelheim, Baxter, Octapharma, H. Eriksson Consultant for:
Boehringer Ingelheim, Pfizer, Bayer Healthcare, Leo Pharma, BristolMeyers Squibb, A. Kakkar Grant/Research Support from: Sanofi
Aventis, Pfizer, Eisai Inc, GSK, Bayer Healthcare, Boehringer Ingelheim, Consultant for: Sanofi Aventis, Pfizer, Eisai Inc, GSK, Bayer
Healthcare, Boehringer Ingelheim, Daiichi Sankyo, Bristol-Myers
Squibb, C. Kearon Consultant for: Boehringer Ingelheim, S. Schellong
Consultant for: Bayer Healthcare, Boehringer Ingelheim, GlaxoSmithKline, Sanofi, M. Feuring Employee of: Boehringer Ingelheim,
S. Hantel Employee of: Boehringer Ingelheim, J. Kreutzer Employee
of: Boehringer Ingelheim, S. Goldhaber Grant/Research Support
from: Bristol-Myers Squibb, Boehringer Ingelheim, Consultant for:
Boehringer Ingelheim, Merck, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Medscape.
PO379-TUE
Identification of possible drug related problems in
patients on oral anticoagulants. A systematic review of
medication charts by pharmacist
Fjrkenstad A1, Jacobsen E-M2,3, Mathiesen L1 and Molden E1
1
School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo; 2Department of
haematology, Oslo University Hospital; 3Institute of Clinical
Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Background: The use of oral anticoagulants is effective in many thrombotic diseases but carry significant risk for complications.
Aims: The purpose of this study was to identify and manage drugrelated problems (DRPs) related to the treatment with oral anticoagulants in hospitalised patients.
Methods: 50 patients, above 18 years of age, from three internal medicine departments were included. The patients was on medication with
or would start treatment with oral anticoagulants. Based on information from the medication chart, journal and laboratory values, each
patients drug regimen was then systematically reviewed by a pharmacist to identify DRPs. Identified DRPs with proposed solution was
presented for the physician after the physicians visit. The physicians
response and possible actions to manage the DRPs were registered.
Results: A total of 50 patients were included, 26 on warfarin (52%)
and 24 patients on direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC). Overall, 62
DRPs were identified in 35 of the included patients (70%). Of these, 37
DRPs (1.42 DRPs per patient) were related to warfarin treatment and
25 DRPs (1.04 DRPs per patient) related to treatment with DOAC
(difference not statistically significant). However, a significant difference was observed in the number of drug interactions in the warfarin
group compared to the DOAC group, 1.35 and 0.54 interactions per
patient (P = 0.015) respectively. The pharmacist discussed 19 of the 62
DRPs with the physician, of which 2 DRPs were related to warfarin
and 17 DRPs to DOAC. Corresponding changes to the patients medical treatment were performed in 11 cases for DOAC and none for warfarin.
Conclusion: This study indicates a lower incidence of DRPs among
patients treated with DOAC compared to warfarin. Furthermore, the
results indicate that DRPs recorded and reported by a pharmacist
lead to significant changes in the patients medical treatment. Systematic reviews of patients medication by a pharmacist could be an
important tool for optimal anticoagulation.
645
PO380-TUE
Influence of DOACs on thrombin generation assay
Kawasugi K, Yamamoto T and Shirafuji N
Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, ItabasiKu, Japan
Background: The principle that new oral anticoagulants (DOACs) do
not require laboratory monitoring is controversial by ongoing that
laboratory testing for drug effects is needed in many situation.
Aims: In this study, we aimed to examine the effects of DOACs (dabigatran, rivaroxaban, and apixaban) on thethrombin generation assay
(TGA) in vivo.
Methods: We administered 12 healthy volunteers regular doses of DOACs, and measured TGA before and after administration (2, 4, 6, 12,
24 h later). TGA measured it using Calibrated Automated Thrombogram (CAT) method. We compared four indexes such as lag time,
peak height, area under curve (ETP), time to peak as a parameter of
TGA.
Results: As a result, rivaroxaban and apixaban, which are direct Xa
inhibitors, significantly decreased TGA after administration within 2
4 h. In apixaban, parameter of TGA, such as ETP and peak height
after 12 h of taking the drug was significantly inhibited. Also in rivaroxaban, although there were milder effects as compared with apixaban, thrombin production such as ETP and peak height after 24 h of
taking the drug was significantly decreased. On the other hand, with
dabigatran, which is a direct thrombin inhibitor, a paradoxical effect
was seen in the peak height and ETP, which are criteria to evaluate
TGA after administration. However, a prolonged lag time and time to
peak were observed in each time zone after administration, and similarly to rivaroxaban and apixaban, such prolongation was also
observed during 24 h after the initiation of administration.
Conclusion: From these results, it is suggested that TGA is useful for
assessing the coagulation status of DOACs. Rivaroxaban was significantly suppressed the TGA during the 24 h. Also, apixaban and dabigatran (lag time and time to peak) were significantly suppressed the
TGA during the 12 h.
Platelet activation / adhesion /

aggregation II
PO381-TUE
New factor of platelet hemostasis pathology risk
marker in population of nenets autonomous district
Vorobyeva N and Belova N
Background: Subclinical inflammation processes play an important
role in the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease and its acute form
myocardial infarction. In recent years it was proved that sCD40L
expressed in platelets is a link between inflammation, atherosclerosis
and thrombosis. In healthy individuals it is regarded as a predictor of
future thrombotic complications risk.
Aims: The aim of the study is to investigate blood concentration of
sCD40L, a cardiovascular pathology marker, in the indigenous Nenets
autonomous district ethnos.
Methods: The research design is cross-sectional study. Inclusion criteria were: the indigenous Nenets ethnicity, permanent residence in the
Nenets autonomous district, voluntary informed consent presence.
Collection of biological material and epidemiological data was performed during prophylactic medical examinations in 20112012
according to GCP. The research protocol was approved by local ethics
committee (protocol 6, 8.06.2011). The number of participants was
68. The average age was Me = 42 [30;51]. Blood concentration of
sCD40L was determined with Human Cardiovascular 6plex BMS811/
646
ABSTRACTS
2FF kit at flow cytometer Cytomics FC 500. Numerical values are

given as median (Me) and 25th and 75th percentiles.
Results: The sCD40L concentration in Nenets blood was Me = 7.77
[5.1; 13.2] ng mL1. Upper limit of normal reference is 1.5 ng/mL.
Our results show increased platelets functional activity and, as a consequence, increased thrombosis risk.
Conclusion: Study of new cardiovascular pathology risk factor markers
in Nenets population let us talk about serious violations of platelet hemostasis. Determination of sCD40L in blood may help to reveal people with increased cardiovascular disease risk before clinical
manifestations and to perform its early prevention in this population.
PO382-TUE
The effect of IgG of ischemic stroke patients on
platelet proteins secretion
Katrii TB, Savchuk OM and Ostapcenko LI
Biochemistry, Educational And Scientific Centre Institute of
Biology, Kyiv, Ukraine
Background: IgG is the main immunoglobulin subtype in the circulation and they have often been suggested to be proatherogenic. IgG can
activate platelets causing secretion of coagulation mediators.
Aims: To determine IgG levels in ischemic stroke and analyze the effect
of IgG on platelet proteins secretion.
Methods: The study included atherothrombotic and cardioembolic
ischemic stroke patients and individuals without a history of stroke.
All patients received aspirin 325 mg with subsequent daily dosage of
100 mg + low molecular weight heparins. IgG were separated by affinity chromatography. Donor platelets were obtained by gel filtration.
Results: In patients with cardioembolic ischemic stroke IgG level was
reduced by 30% on admission and elevated by 40% on the 14-th day
relative to donors. In atherothrombotic ischemic stroke IgG level was
within the norm, decreasing by 20% on the 14-th day. IgG of all study
groups induced secretion of HSP-60 and HSP-70. IgG of patients with
cardioembolic ischemic stroke caused more intense HSPs secretion
compared with IgG of 2 other groups. HSP-60 was elevated by 20%
compared with atherothrombotics and controls and HS-70 by 27%
and 13% respectively. IgG of stroke groups caused active secretion of
von Willebrand factor (vWF). IgG of patients with cardioembolic
ischemic stroke caused more intense (by 15%) vWF secretion compared with atherothrombotic ischemic stroke group. We did not detect
secretion of plasminogen activators inhibitor-1 from platelets under
influence of any IgGs.
Conclusion: IgG of stroke groups caused secretion of HSP-60, HSP-70
and vWF from platelets. IgG of patients with cardioembolic ischemic
stroke provoked more intense protein secretion.
PO383-TUE
Meal-induced platelet activation differs between
patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes and is related
to insulin secretion
Spectre G1,2, St

alesen R2, Ostenson
C-G3 and Hjemdahl P2
1
Hematology, Coagulation Unit, Hadassah University Hospital,
Jerusalem, Israel; 2Medicine Clinical Pharmacology Unit;
3
Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology and Diabetology
Unit, Karolinska Institutet Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
Background: Postprandial platelet activation was related to postprandial insulin rather than glucose levels in a previous meal insulin study
in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Aims: To compare postprandial platelet activation in type 1 (T1DM)

patients without insulin secretion and T2DM patients with high postprandial insulin levels.
Methods: Patients with T1DM (n = 11) and T2DM (n = 12) were studied before and 90 minutes after a standardized meal without premeal
insulin. Platelet activation stimulated by the thromboxane analogue
U46619 or ADP was assessed by flow cytometry, and by whole blood
aggregometry (WBA; Multiplate). Five patients with T1DM were
restudied after taking their regular premeal insulin (a pilot study), and
effects of insulin (100 lU mL1) in vitro were also studied.
Results: Before the meal, glucose, insulin and platelet activation markers did not differ between T1DM and T2DM. Platelet-leukocyte
aggregates (PLA) were higher in T1DM. Postprandial glucose levels
increased more markedly in T1DM (to 22.1 1.4 vs.
11.9 0.6 mmol L1) while insulin levels increased in T2DM only
(from 23.2 5.7 to 71.2 15.9 mU mL1). Platelet P-selectin
expression and PLA formation stimulated by U46619 were approximately doubled and whole blood aggregation stimulated by U46619
was increased by 20% (P < 0.05 for all) after the meal in T2DM
patients without any meal effect in T1DM patients. In vitro insulin
mildly activated platelets in both groups. Premeal insulin enhanced the
postprandial U46619 stimulated platelet activation (P < 0.05 vs. without insulin by ANOVA) in T1DM similarly as previously found in
T2DM.
Conclusion: When no insulin was given prior to the meal, postprandial
platelet activation was found in T2DM but not in T1DM despite
higher postprandial glucose levels in T1DM. Postprandial platelet activation in diabetes is related to postprandial insulin levels and not to
postprandial hyperglycaemia.
PO384-TUE
Influence of platelet count in platelet rich plasma for
adenosine triphosphate release assay
Mulliez S and Devreese K
Coagulation Laboratory, Department of Clinical chemistry,
Microbiology and Immunology, Ghent University Hospital,
Ghent, Belgium
Background: Platelet dense granule release assays are recommended
for diagnosing platelet function disorders and are commonly performed by bioluminescent assays that measure stored adenosine triphosphate (ATP) release in platelet rich plasma (PRP) using a lumiaggregometer. for light transmission platelet aggregation (LTA) guidelines are available on the platelet count in PRP (between 150 and
600*109 L1). Equally, the ATP release assay may also be influenced
by the platelet count in PRP, however, there are no recommendations.
Aims: We evaluated the influence of platelet count in PRP on the ATP
release assay with 1 U mL1 thrombin, performed by lumi-aggregometry (Chrono-Log, Havertown PA, USA).
Methods: We performed dilution series of PRP (platelet count 50
625*109 L1) from 10 different volunteers and correlated with ATP
release. Also, we correlated ATP release and platelet count in PRP retrospectively in patient with suspected bleeding diathesis with normal
LTA and ATP release (0.5 nmoles) (n = 70).
Results: In the serial dilution samples a good correlation (linear regression r = [0.860.99]) between ATP secretion and platelet count was
observed. There was a broad inter-individual variability in cut-off for
the platelet count (195547*109 L1) corresponding with ATP release
>0.5 nmoles.
The mean ATP secretion of the patient samples (n = 70) was
0.90 nmol (range 0.503.36 nmol) and a mean platelet count in PRP
of 355*109 L1 (range 135673*109 L1). The correlation in patient
samples was lower but significant (Spearmanss r = 0.316, P = 0.008).
Linear regression analysis showed large inter-patient variability
(r=0.055).
ABSTRACTS
Conclusion: We observed a significant correlation between ATP release
and platelet count in PRP. Our dilution series and the retrospective
analysis showed that the effect of platelet count in PRP on the ATP
release showed an inter-individual variability. Because the ATP release
is depended on the platelet count in PRP, guideline development might
be helpful to improve practices for performing ATP release assays.
PO385-TUE
Activation of human platelets by Staphylococcus
aureus secreted protease staphopain A
Waller AK1,2, Birch K1, Vikhe PP1,2, Cottrell GS3, Gibbins JM1,2
and Clarke SR1,2
1
School of Biological Sciences; 2Institute for Cardiovascular and
Metabolic Research; 3School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy,
University of Reading, Reading, UK
Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen that
causes life threatening bacteremia, resulting in an increased risk of
myocardial infarction or stroke and is also the leading aetiological
agent of infective endocarditis (IE). The pathogen activates platelets
causing aggregation and thrombus formation, which are regarded as
important steps in the pathogenesis of IE. Staphopain A is a cysteine
protease secreted by S. aureus.
Aims: To investigate the effect of Staphopain A on platelets.
Methods: Using light transmission aggregometry (LTA), supernatant
from a staphopain A deficient S. aureus mutant was unable to activate
platelets when compared to the parental strain. LTA determined the
effect of staphopain A on platelets and specific inhibitors and antagonists elucidated its cognate receptor. Better understanding of the
effects of staphopain A on thrombus size was achieved by studying
their formation under flow. Integrin aIIbb3 activation and P-selectin
exposure on platelets activated by staphopain A were measured using
flow cytommetry.
Results: We demonstrate that staphopain A induced the aggregation
of human platelets. The presence of staphopain A in the supernatant
of S. aureus confered an ability to activate platelets. Staphopain A
was also found to induce the secretion of ATP and potentiate the
action of thropmbin and crosslinked collagen related peptide. Staphopain A platelet agonist activity was inhibited by addition of the specific
inhibitor staphostatin A, implicating its protease activity in the agonism. Concentrations of staphopain A that were insufficient to induce
platelet aggregation caused increased platelet binding to collagen.
Using specific antagonists, protease-activated receptors 1 and 4
(PAR1, PAR4) were shown to be responsible for mediating staphopain A induced activation of platelets.
Conclusion: PAR1 and 4 are receptors for staphopain A. Staphopain
A mediated activation of protease activating receptors represents a
novel axis in the human host-S. aureus interaction.
PO386-TUE
Low platelet reactivity is associated with more severe
atherosclerosis and increased revascularization during
follow up
Leunissen T1, Gijsberts C1,2, Wisman PP1, Asselbergs F1, Hoefer I1,
Pasterkamp G1, de Borst GJ1, Moll F1 and Roest M1
1
University Medical Centre Utrecht; 2ICIN- Netherlands Heart
Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Background: Platelets play a central role in haemostasis and wound
repair. It is commonly accepted that high platelet reactivity increases
647
the risk of acute ischaemic occlusion upon rupture of atherosclerotic

plaques. The role of platelets in chronic atherosclerotic plaque formation has not been established in humans. Therefore, we have studied
the relation between platelet reactivity and atherosclerotic plaque morphology in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).
Aims: To investigate the role of platelet reactivity in patients with
chronic atherosclerotic disease.
Methods: In 202 patients undergoing coronary angiography we measured platelet activation by assessing P-selectin expression and fibrinogen binding in response to stimulation of the major platelet activation
pathways. Patients were assigned into three groups; low, normal and
high platelet reactivity (LPR, NPR and HPR). Based on visual assessment of angiographic images, patients were classified into: no CAD,
minor CAD and significant CAD. One- and two year follow up was
collected by questionnaires. This study conforms to the declaration of
Helsinki and was approved by the local medical ethical committee. All
patients provided written informed consent.
Results: ST-elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) as indication for
the angiography, symptomatology of unstable AP (UAP, nSTEMI or
STEMI) and increased angiographic significance of CAD was more
common in LPR than in NPR or HPR (P < 0.001, P < 0.001 and
P < 0.001). In two-year follow up no differences were found in death,
but there was higher incidence of re-PCI in the LPR group than in the
NPR and HPR (15.6%, 3.8% and 3.9%). These findings were not
explained by usage of platelet inhibitors.
Conclusion: Low platelet reactivity is associated with more severe
CAD and higher incidence of re-PCI during follow-up. This finding
indicates that an adequate platelet function is required to control atherosclerotic plaque formation.
PO387-TUE
Evaluation of Multiplate whole blood impedance
aggregometry in routine investigation of bleeding
disorders
Joseph JE1,2, Low J1 and Jarvis S1
1
Haematology, SydPath, St Vincents Hospital; 2St Vncents
Clinical School, University of NSW, Sydney, Australia
Background: The Multiplate platelet analyser (MEA) performs
impedance aggregometry in whole blood providing rapid screening of
platelet inhibition by aspirin and clopidogrel.
Aims: Tto evaluate its potential role in routine diagnosis of bleeding
disorders by correlating with traditional platelet function testing.
Methods: All 86 patients studied had a history of bleeding and/or
bruising; including von Willebrand disease (vWD) or suspected vWD
(24), thrombocytopenia (10) or myeloproliferative disorder (6).
Patients known to be on antiplatelet therapy at time of testing were
excluded. MEA was performed with the agonists ADP, ADP with
prostaglandin E, arachidonic acid, TRAP, collagen and high and low
dose ristocetin. Other tests (performed on majority of patients) were
light transmission platelet aggregation (LTA) on an AggRam aggregometer (assessed by maximal amplitude only), INNOVANCE PFA200 and vWD screen (performed by Pathology West).
Results: On MEA, 36 patients had abnormally low response to one or
more agonists. 20 patients were found to have thrombocytopenia
(mostly mild) and half of these had at least one defect (mostly ADP). 7
patients results were consistent with aspirin ingestion. vWD screening
identified 24 patients with vWD or borderline vWD. On MEA, only 1/
4 with Type 1 vWD (3 moderate and 1 mild), 3/7 with Type 2 and 3/13
with borderline vWD had a reduced response to ristocetin whereas 15
of 21 patients tested had an elevated PFA-200 (both Epi and ADP).
Interestingly, only one patient had an abnormal response to ristocetin
by LTA. Two patients with vWD had MEA performed serially after
infusion of desmopressin and Biostate. Additionally amongst the 62
648
ABSTRACTS
patients not identified as having vWD (or borderline), 15 had abnormal PFA-Epi (9 also with abnormal PFA-ADP) with 5 patients having
no other abnormal platelet function tests.
Conclusion: The diagnosis of bleeding disorders, including vWD does
not appear to be enhanced by addition of Multiplate testing to existing assays.
PO388-TUE
Analysis of procoagulant PS-exposing platelets by
imaging flow cytometry
Reddy EC1, Wang H1, Christensen H1, Israels SJ2, Bang A3 and
Rand ML1
1
Haematology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto;
2
Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg;
3
Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital,
Toronto, Canada
Background: The multifunctional nature of platelets lends itself to a
heterogeneous platelet response. Here, we focus on the procoagulant
subpopulation of platelets that is formed upon activation and distinguished by the exposure of phosphatidylserine (PS) on the surface
membrane.
Aims: To evaluate the physical characteristics of PS-exposing platelets.
Methods: Washed platelets were stimulated with 1 U mL1 thrombin
and 10 lg mL1 collagen (T+C) or 3 lM A23187. Their ultrastructural features were examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM)
and the Amnis ImageStream imaging flow cytometer. In the latter,
150,000 cells were collected/sample, annexin A5 binding identified PSexposing (PS+) platelets and image analysis features were determined
with IDEAS software. Data presented are meanSEM, n = 34 experiments.
Results: A subpopulation of the highly activated T+C-stimulated
platelets and all A23187-stimulated platelets were observed by TEM to
have a striking spherical, empty, balloon-like morphology. Imaging
flow cytometry revealed that these unique platelets were PS+. Comprehensive analysis demonstrated that the PS+ platelets were comparable
in size to resting and T+C(PS) platelets. However, they were significantly more spherical, as indicated by an increased circularity score:
12.7 0.51 [T+C(PS+)] and 13.2 0.63 [A23187(PS+)] vs. 9.6 0.18
[resting] and 9.2 0.15 [T+C(PS)]; P < 0.001. Additionally, they
were dramatically lacking internal structures, as indicated by
decreased dark field signals including intensity and bright detail
intensity e.g., intensity scores: 6125 339 [T+C(PS+)] and
8.111 1.103 [A23187(PS+)] vs. 21,729 1799 [resting] and
23,209 2461 [T+C(PS)]; P < 0.001.
Conclusion: The innovative imaging flow cytometer allowed detailed
fluorescence-based and morphometric analysis of T+C or A23187-activated PS-exposing platelets; in becoming procoagulant, platelets
undergo remarkable morphological changes, transforming into spherical balloons, almost devoid of their normal internal architecture.
PO389-TUE
The potential of the new platelet activation in
unprocessed blood (PACT-UB)- test
Leunissen T1,2, Wisman PP1,2, Van Holten T2, de Groot P2,
Remijn J2, Moll F1, de Borst GJ1, Teraa M1, Verhaar M3,
Urbanus R2 and Roest M2
1
Vascular Surgery; 2Clinical Chemistry and Haematology;
3
Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht,
The Netherlands
Background: P2Y12 inhibitors are prescribed to prevent secondary cardiovascular events. Although successful on population level, P2Y12
inhibitors induce either thrombosis or bleeding complications in many
individual patients. This complication rate may be reduced by tailored
adjustment of treatment intensity, based on platelet function monitoring. Several global haemostasis tests have been used for these purposes, but failed by lack of sensitivity or specificity.
Aims: The aim of the current study was to investigate the impact of
P2Y12 inhibitors on different platelet activation responses, induced by
multiple agonists.
Methods: We have developed, optimized and evaluated a novel sensitive multiplex Platelet Activation Test (PACT) to assess on-treatment
platelet reactivity, based on quantification of alpha granule release and
on activation of the aIIbb3 receptor.
Results: Using the PACT, we showed that ADP mediated platelet activation can be completely blocked with high dose P2Y12 inhibitors,
while PAR1, PAR4 and GPVI induced fibrinogen-binding capacity is
strongly inhibited. In contrast to fibrinogen-binding capacity, PAR1,
PAR4 and GPVI induced P-selectin expression is not affected by
P2Y12 inhibitors, indicating a differential activation pattern. All findings are confirmed in vitro, under flow and in blood of patients on
clopidogrel treatment.
Conclusion: Secondary platelet activation via the P2Y12 receptor
enhances fibrinogen binding to activated platelets upon PAR-1, PAR4 and GPVI induced activation while it has minor impact on P-selectin
expression. These findings indicate that P2Y12 inhibitors impair platelet thrombus formation, without affecting granule release. Our study
provides new insights in on-treatment platelet function, which may be
crucial for adjustment of treatment intensity with P2Y12 inhibitors.
PO390-TUE
Determination of threshold agonist concentrations for
whole blood aggregation using the Multiplate
analyzer
Israels SJ1,2, McMillan-Ward E2, Wang H3, Blanchette VS3 and
Rand ML3,4
1
Department of Pediatrics and Child Health; 2Manitoba Institute
of Cell Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg; 3Division of
Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children;
4
University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
Background: The Multiplate analyzer (Diapharma) is an automated
multi-channel whole blood aggregometer that measures platelet aggregation as a change in impedance across two pairs of electrodes in each
test cell. Most published studies of the Multiplate have used manufacturer-recommended concentrations of manufacturer-supplied
reagents that result in maximal aggregation responses.
Aims: 1) To determine the optimal concentrations of agonists, defined
as threshold concentrations producing 80% of maximum aggregation; 2) To compare inter-laboratory variability of results of testing.
Methods: Blood samples were collected in hirudin from healthy adult
volunteers with no exposure to platelet-inhibiting drugs for at least
ABSTRACTS
10 days. ADP, collagen, and arachidonic acid (Helena Laboratories),
and thrombin receptor activating peptide (TRAP; Diapharma) were
tested at recommended concentrations and at a series of lower concentrations. Results of parallel aggregation testing at two research laboratory sites were compared.
Results: Dose response curves were generated for each agonist. Threshold concentrations were significantly less than manufacturer-recommended concentrations for all agonists: ADP, 3.0 vs. 6.5 lM;
collagen, 1.0 vs. 3.2 lg mL1; arachidonic acid, 0.2 vs. 0.5 mM;
TRAP, 10 vs. 32 lM. Significant inter-laboratory variations in aggregation response were identified for sub-threshold concentrations of
ADP (0.8 lM; P < 0.01), collagen (0.3 lg mL1; P < 0.05) and
TRAP (7 lM; P < 0.001), and for spontaneous aggregation
(P < 0.001), but not for arachidonic acid (0.13 mM).
Conclusion: The threshold concentrations for all agonists were significantly lower than recommended by the manufacturer. Comparison of
results from two laboratories using the same analyzer and reagents
showed significant differences in response. These findings reinforce the
requirement for laboratories to develop site-specific reference intervals
for analyzer/reagent pairs and agonist concentrations for optimal testing.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Israels Grant/Research Support from: Novo
Nordisk, E. McMillan-Ward: None declared, H. Wang: None
declared, V. Blanchette Grant/Research Support from: Novo Nordisk,
M. Rand Grant/Research Support from: Novo Nordisk.
PO391-TUE
Assessment of time-related preanalytical influences on
platelet function: comparison of the multiplate, the
PFA-100 and the verify now
Jilma P1, Ratzinger F1, Schoergenhofer C2, Jilma B2 and
Quehenberger P1
1
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of
Vienna; 2Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical
University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Background: Platelet function testing may help to monitor treatment
efficacy in patients treated with antiplatelet drugs and to identify clopidogrel poor responders. Three commonly used point of care methods
use ADP stimulation to monitor P2Y12 inhibition in whole blood.
Aims: The aim of this study is to compare three platelet function test
systems (Multiplate, PFA-100 and Verify Now) in clopidogrel or
prasugrel treated patients and in healthy volunteers with special focus
on the influence of time-delay on the tested parameters and the concordance between the three assays.
Methods: Nine healthy volunteers and thirty-six patients, who were
either treated with clopidogrel or prasugrel, were included in the study.
ADP induced platelet function was assessed 1 and 3 h after sampling
using the Multiplate, PFA-100 and Verify Now.
Results: PFA-100 was highly sensitive to P2Y12-inhibition and demonstrated non-closure time in 23 patients. A more graded response
could be detected with the two other devices. Multiplate aggregation
data and PFA-100 closure times of all participants correlated negatively (R = 0.51), whereas no correlation could be found between
Multiplate and Verify Now. Aggregation levels measured with the
Multiplate after one hour correlated strongly with aggregation levels
after three hours (R = 0.78), however platelet aggregation was reduced
at 3 h compared to 1 h, especially in healthy volunteers (P < 0.05). In
contrast, Verify Now values did not reveal any difference in healthy
volunteers between 1 and 3 h, whereas P2Y12% inhibition values
increased after three hours in Clopidogrel or Prasugrel treated patients
(P < 0.05).
Conclusion: Aggregation responses are time-dependent after blood
sampling for the Multiplate in healthy individuals and for the Verify
Now in Clopdiogrel or Prasugrel treated patients. As for both devices,
649
platelet aggregation was reduced at 3 h post sampling which may

affect data interpretation and clinical consequences.
PO392-TUE
Dynamics of calcium spiking, mitochondrial collapse
and phosphatidylserine exposure in single platelets
during activation
Obydennyi S1,2, Sveshnikova AN1,2,3, Ataullakhanov FI1,2,3,4,5 and
Panteleev MA1,2,3,4,5
1
Center for Theoretical Problems of Physico-Chemical
Pharmacology; 2Federal Research and Clinical Center of Pediatric
Hematology, Oncology and Immunology; 3Physics Department,
Moscow State University; 4Ministry of Healthcare and Social
Development, National Research Center for Hematology;
5
Faculty of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of
Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russia
Background: Activated platelets form two distinct subpopulations, one
of which is characterized by high intracellular calcium concentration,
loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and phosphatidylserine
(PS) exposure. However, there is little information about detailed relationship between dynamics of these three processes.
Aims: To elucidate the sequence of events leading to PS exposure.
Methods: Washed gel-filtered platelets were loaded with FuraRed and
tetramethylrhodamine, labeled with annexin V and immobilized on a
fibrinogen coverslips, activated with TRAP or thrombin and registered
using confocal microscopy in real time. for experimental planning and
analysis, we used a computational model of PAR1-stimulated platelet
signal transduction that described interactions between cytosol, dense
tubular system and mitochondria. The set of ordinary differential
equation was solved using COPASI software (www.copasi.org).
Results: TRAP stimulation induced spiking in cytosolic calcium that
gradually disappeared as a result of PAR1 inactivation. In some platelets, spiking led to a significant accumulation of calcium in mitochondria via the mitochondrial uniporter. This resulted in a mitochondrial
permeability transition pore opening, loss of mitochondrial membrane
potential, and the PS exposure (all three processes taking place with
no detectable time shift). Interestingly, the procoagulant platelets initially had significantly higher average calcium concentration in their
resting state than those that did not expose PS, suggesting a possible
cause for the difference in their subsequent fate.
Conclusion: Procoagulant platelets form as a result of mitochondria
overloading with calcium following a prolonged period of cytosolic
calcium spiking. Initial cytosolic calcium level in a resting platelet can
pre-dispose it to becoming either procoagulant (if high) or non-procoagulant upon activation.
650
ABSTRACTS
PO393-TUE
GPVI and the CLEC-2/podoplanin axis as potential
biomarkers of platelet activation in inflammatory
conditions
Montague SJ1, Dinsdale RJ2,3, Gitz E1, Gardiner EE4, Andrews RK4,
Hampson P2,3, Wearn CM2,3, Buckley CD5, Nash GB1,
Moiemen N3, Harrison P2,3 and Watson SP1
1
Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences; 2Centre for Translational
Inflammation research, University of Birmingham; 3Healing
Foundation Centre for Burns Research, Queen Elizabeth Hospital
Birmingham, Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham,
UK; 4Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University,
Melbourne, Vic., Australia; 5School of Immunity and Infection,
Background: Soluble Glycoprotein VI (sGPVI) is a recognised marker
of platelet activation in inflammatory diseases. The closely related
platelet signalling receptor, CLEC-2, and its ligand podoplanin, are
also potential biomarkers of inflammation, expressed as soluble protein or on the surface of extracellular vesicles.
Aims: To compare soluble and platelet-derived GPVI and CLEC-2
and podoplanin as biomarkers of inflammation.
Methods: Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA)
were used to measure sGPVI and sCLEC-2 in plasma samples from a
longitudinal study of 38 burns patients and in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The results were compared to measurements of
GPVI, CLEC-2 and podoplanin in microvesicles.
Results: Measurements were performed in two conditions of inflammatory challenge, thermal injury and RA. sGPVI levels were elevated in
RA, whereas there was no significant increase in sGPVI after initial
thermal injury compared to healthy controls. In contrast, peak sGPVI
levels were greater in burns patients with sepsis compared to non-septic patients (P < 0.01). CLEC-2 levels in RA patients were not
increased compared to healthy controls, possibly because CLEC-2 is
retained on microvesicles. There was an increase in podoplanin expression on microvesicles in patients with RA.
Conclusion: sGPVI is a biomarker for platelet activation in RA and
during sepsis progression in patients with thermal injury. Further work
is required to establish the potential of CLEC-2 and podoplanin as biomarkers of inflammation.
PO394-TUE
Novel whole blood model of thrombocytopenia with
preserved platelet function
Skipper MT, Rubak P, Larsen OH and Hvas A-M
Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Background: In vitro models of thrombocytopenia are useful research
tools. Previous methods have shortcomings altering properties of
platelets and other blood components.
Aims: To develop a whole blood-based method to induce thrombocytopenia with minimal manipulation of blood cells and to describe
platelet function of healthy platelets in induced thrombocytopenia.
Methods: The Regional Research Ethics Committee approved the
study. Hirudin anticoagulated blood was collected from 20 healthy
volunteers after informed consent. One part of the blood was gently
centrifuged at 130 g for 15 minutes. The platelet-rich plasma was
replaced with phosphate-buffered saline to establish thrombocytopenia. Various levels of thrombocytopenia were achieved by combining
predefined volumes of baseline whole blood and thrombocytopenic
blood. Platelet counts were measured by flow cytometry. Platelet function was analysed by impedance aggregometry and by flow cytometry
using collagen, adenosine diphosphate, thrombin receptor agonist peptide-6 and ristocetin as agonists for both methods.
Results: Median baseline platelet count was 227 9 109 L1. The in vitro model yielded median platelet counts as low as 51 9 109 L1. We
observed minor, yet significant, changes in platelets from baseline to
thrombocytopenia (before vs. after): mean platelet volume (10.2 vs.
10.8 fL) and immature platelet fraction (4.1 vs. 6.6%) (P-values<0.005). In the thrombocytopenic samples, we observed strong
positive linear correlations between platelet count and platelet aggregation in all agonists (all P values <0.001). Platelet function by flow
cytometry showed small variations for all agonists before and after
manipulation, verifying that platelet function did not change after
manipulation.
Conclusion: We established and validated a new whole blood-based
model of thrombocytopenia with preserved platelet function. This new
model may serve as a useful tool to explore platelet function in patients
with thrombocytopenia.
PO395-TUE
Local anaesthetics inhibit activation of Protein
Disulfide Isomerase (PDI)
Stavermann C1, Bertling A1, Visser M1, Brodde MF1, Gogarten W2
and Kehrel BE1
1
Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain
Medicine, Exp. and Clinical Haemostasis, University Hospital
Muenster, Muenster; 2Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care,
Klinikum Bielefeld Mitte, Bielefeld, Germany
Background: Regional anaesthesia has been shown to be associated
with reduced incidence of post-operative thromboembolism. Protein
disulfide isomerase (PDI), an oxido-reductase and chaperone, participates in integrin activation and fibrin formation. It is crucially
involved in thrombosis and inflammation. Inhibition of PDI using
neutralizing antibodies blocked thrombus formation in mouse models.
Aims: The aim of the research was to study the effect of local anaesthetics on PDI activity.
Methods: The effect of ester-type and amide-type local anaesthetics
(20200 lg mL1) on platelet activation by the neutrophil extracellular trap component HOCl modified albumin was measured by flow
cytometry. Extracellular disulfide reductase activity on platelet surface
was determined according to the fluorescent assay from Raturi and
Mutus. PDI reductase activity in solution using purified PDI was performed using the PDI substrate di-eosin-oxidized-glutathione. Fluorescence was measured in a Fluoroscan-Ascent-fluorimeter.
Results: The ester-type local anaesthetic procaine and the amide-type
local anaesthetics lidocaine, prilocaine, mepivacaine, bupivacaine and
ropivacaine (20200 lg mL1) inhibited in dose dependent manner
platelet activation by HOCl-modified albumin. In addition extracellular PDI reductase activity on platelet surface and purified PDI in solution were inhibited by all tested local anaesthetics dose dependently.
Conclusion: Inhibition of thiol disulfide isomerase is likely to contribute to the beneficial effect of local anaesthetics in the protection
against thromboembolism.
Disclosure of Interest: C. Stavermann: None declared, A. Bertling
Grant/Research Support from: The research was supported in part by
an unrestricted grant of Daiichi Sankyo., M. Visser: None declared,
M. Brodde: None declared, W. Gogarten: None declared, B. Kehrel:
None declared.
ABSTRACTS
PO396-TUE
Prospective analysis of platelet activation markers to
predict severe infection and mortality in intensive care
units
Delierneux C1, Layios N1,2, Hego A1, Huart J1, Joly A3, Geurts P3,
Damas P2, Lecut C1,4, Gothot A1,4 and Oury C1
1
Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, GIGA-Cardiovascular
Sciences, University of Li
ege; 2Department of General Intensive
Care, University Hospital Centre of Li
ege; 3Systems and
Modeling, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer
Science and GIGA-R, University of Li
ege; 4Laboratory
Hematology, University Hospital Centre of Li
ege, Li
ege, Belgium
Background: Sepsis is often diagnosed too late due to non-specific nature of its signs and symptoms. Early diagnosis using specific blood biomarkers could better guide antibiotic therapy and importantly
improve patient outcome.
Aims: We evaluated platelet activation markers as potential predictive
markers of sepsis and of mortality among 3 commonly encountered
populations of patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs).
Methods: 99 non-infected patients were prospectively screened at day
12 (T1) and day 34 (T2) of admission after elective cardiac surgery,
trauma, or acute neurologic dysfunction. A third sample was drawn
when infection was diagnosed (Tx). We evaluated platelet activation
by measuring the expression of P-selectin (CD62P) and fibrinogen
binding on cell surface in flow cytometric assays. Clinical scores
(SOFA, APACHE II) were recorded at admission.
Results: Patients who developed sepsis presented with significantly
higher platelet fibrinogen binding at T1 compared with patients who
did not get infected (P = 0.0014, ROC AUC = 0.79 [95% CI: 0.68
0.89]). Elevated basal CD62P expression level was associated with
increased 90-day mortality (P = 0.042, ROC AUC = 0.78 [95% CI:
0.640.88]). Kaplan-Meier survival curves illustrated that mortality
was significantly different after stratification based on T1 basal
CD62P level (cut-off MFI >31.56, hazard ratio 13.6, P = 8.23 9
106). Multivariate logistic regression analysis using clinical scores
indicated that addition of CD62P levels or of bound fibrinogen levels
significantly improved prediction of mortality (odds ratio 1.078,
P = 0.003) and sepsis (odds ratio 1.033, P = 0.0012), respectively.
Conclusion: Predisposition to severe infection in critically ill medicosurgical adults can be identified on day 12 of admission based on circulating basally activated platelets. Levels of activated platelets may
add incremental prognostic information to clinical scoring.
Disclosure of Interest: C. Delierneux: None declared, N. Layios Grant/
Research Support from: BD Biosciences, A. Hego: None declared, J.
Huart: None declared, A. Joly: None declared, P. Geurts: None
declared, P. Damas: None declared, C. Lecut: None declared, A. Gothot Grant/Research Support from: BD Biosciences, C. Oury Grant/
Research Support from: BD Biosciences.
PO397-TUE
Staphylococcus aureus lipoproteins inhibit platelet
activation
Vikhe P1,2, Waller A1,2, Gibbins J1,2 and Clarke S1,2
1
School of Biological Sciences; 2Institute for Cardiovascular and
Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Reading, UK
Background: Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogen
known for its ability to interact with platelets and is a major cause of
bacterial endocarditis. S. aureus surface molecules are known to interact with platelet surface molecules and modulate platelet function.
S. aureus lipoproteins (LP) are one of the major bacterial surface molecules that are released into the extracellular milieu and are recognised
by host immune cells.
651
Aims: To determine the role of S. aureus LP in S. aureus platelet

interaction.
Methods: S. aureus wild type and S. aureus lgt mutant (lacks lipidation
of LP) strains were used for aggregometry and binding assay.
S. aureus LP were extracted by TX-114 phase partitioning method.
Flow cytometry using FITC tagged S. aureus LP extracted from
S. aureus LTA and lgt strains was done to check its binding to platelets. Platelets were pre-incubated with S. aureus LP and spreading on
fibrinogen, aggregation response, fibrinogen binding and P-selectin
exposure on agonist stimulation was checked. Biotinylated S. aureus
LP were incubated with platelets and detected by blotting on coimmuno-precipitation with CD36. Platelet aggregation and spreading
on fibrinogen was performed by pre-incubating CD36 neutralized
platelets with S. aureus LP.
Results: Platelet aggregation and binding assays showed S. aureus LP
to be involved in binding to platelets, which was confirmed by flow
cytometry showing binding of FITC labelled S. aureus LP to platelets.
Pre-incubation of platelets with S. aureus LP inhibited platelet spreading and agonist induced platelet aggregation, P-selectin exposure and
fibrinogen binding. Co-immuno-precipitation showed CD36 as a
platelet surface protein binding to S. aureus LP and inhibitory effect
of LP on platelet spreading and aggregation was abrogated on treating
platelets with anti-CD36 monoclonal antibody.
Conclusion: Platelet activation is inhibited by S. aureus LP and this
inhibition involves platelet CD36.
PO398-TUE
Comparative impacts of antiretroviral HIV therapies on
platelet function
Smyth E1, Nelson M2 and Emerson M1
1
National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London;
2
HIV Unit, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
Background: Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has considerably improved the life expectancy of HIV-infected individuals.
However, therapeutics such as the nucleoside reverse transcriptase
inhibitor (NRTI) abacavir sulphate, are reportedly associated with
increased risk of thrombotic events such as myocardial infarction
(MI).
Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of two NRTIs,
abacavir sulphate and tenofovir on platelet aggregation in vitro and
in vivo.
Methods: Isolated human platelets from healthy volunteers were incubated at various time points with either abacavir sulphate (3 lg ml1)
or tenofovir (3 lg ml1). Platelets were stimulated with collagen (0.1
2.5 lg ml1) or thrombin (0.010.1 U ml1) and aggregation was measured using optical platelet aggregometry.
Platelet aggregation in response to a submaximal dose of collagen
(50 lg kg1) was measured in mice following an acute (30 minutes)
dose of abacavir sulphate or tenofovir (estimated plasma concentration of 30 lg ml1).
Results: Tenofovir significantly inhibited platelet aggregation induced
by an EC50 concentration of thrombin (0.03 U ml1) and collagen
(0.6 lg ml1) compared to the vehicle control in vitro, in contrast no
effect was detected following incubation with abacavir sulphate.
Abacavir sulphate significantly enhanced collagen induced platelet
aggregation compared to the vehicle control in vivo. No effect was
observed following treatment with tenofovir.
Conclusion: Abacavir sulphate enhanced platelet aggregation in vivo
which suggests that NRTIs can influence platelet behaviour and therefore the increased risk of MI which has been associated with abacavir
sulphate may be platelet driven. In contrast, tenofovir negatively
affected agonist-induced platelet aggregation in vitro, suggesting that
652
ABSTRACTS
this NRTI may protect against platelet-driven cardiovascular events.

This data demonstrates that further work is warranted in this field.
PO399-TUE
Analyzing in vitro platelet thrombus formation of
patients with essential thrombocythemia under blood
flow conditions
Ito T1,2, Nagasato T3, Nakashima T4, Yamashita H4, Matsuoka H4,
Hosokawa K3 and Maruyama I1
1
Systems Biology in Thromboregulation, Kagoshima University
Graduate School of Medical And Dental Sciences; 2Emergency
and Critical Care Medicine, Kagoshima University Hospital,
Kagoshima; 3Fujimori Kogyo Co., Ltd., Yokohama;
4
Cerebrovascular Medicine, Kagoshima Medical Center,
Kagoshima, Japan
Background: Thrombosis is a leading cause of death and disability
worldwide. Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a myeloproliferative
neoplasm characterized by an increased platelet count, megakaryocytic
hyperplasia, and thrombotic tendency. Although elevated platelet
count may increase the risk of thrombosis, extreme thrombocytosis
may also be associated with bleeding due to an acquired deficiency of
von Willebrand factor (VWF). Several laboratory tests for platelet
function have recently become clinically available. However, it is still
unclear whether these tests actually reflect in vivo risks of thrombosis
and bleeding due in part to the absence of blood flow and the addition
of a single exogenous agonist at a supra-physiological concentration.
Recently, we developed a novel microchip-based total thrombus-formation analysis system (T-TAS) that can quantitatively assess the process of obstructive thrombus formation under blood flow.
Aims: In this study we analyzed platelet functions of patients with ET
using T-TAS.
Methods: Blood samples were collected from patients with ET, and
whole blood anticoagulated with hirudin was perfused over a microchip coated with collagen. The processes of platelet thrombus formation inside the microchip were analyzed by T-TAS in which a video
microscope and a flow pressure sensor were equipped.
Results: The growth of platelet thrombus and the occlusion of collagen-coated capillaries were accelerated in patients with ET compared
with healthy volunteers. However, in a case with platelet count of 2
million lL1, the growth of thrombus at fast-flowing sites were inhibited possibly as a result of acquired deficiency of VWF, and the microchip capillary did not occlude in this case. Therapy with aspirin
decreased the stability of platelet thrombus.
Conclusion: T-TAS may be useful in evaluating multifunction of platelets, including adhesion, activation, and aggregation.
Disclosure of Interest: T. Ito: None declared, T. Nagasato Employee
of: Fujimori Kogyo, the manufacturer of the T-TAS., T. Nakashima:
None declared, H. Yamashita: None declared, H. Matsuoka: None
declared, K. Hosokawa Employee of: Fujimori Kogyo, the manufacturer of the T-TAS., I. Maruyama Grant/Research Support from: Fujimori Kogyo, the manufacturer of the T-TAS.
PO400-TUE
Generation of procoagulant coat platelets in stored
platelet-concentrate units derived from buffy-coat
preparations
Calderara DB1, Crettaz D2, Barelli S1,2, Tissot J-D2, Lion N2,
Prudent M2 and Alberio L1
1
Service of Hematology, University Hospital Center CHUV,
egionale CRS
Lausanne; 2Research Laboratory, Transfusion Interr
SA, Epalinges, Switzerland
Background: COAT platelets, generated by dual agonist stimulation
with collagen and thrombin, efficiently sustain thrombin generation.
Higher amounts of COAT platelets are associated with stroke, while a
decreased ability to generate COAT platelets is associated with bleeding diathesis. Platelet concentrates (PC) can be obtained from the
buffy-coat of whole blood donations or by aphaeresis.
Aims: This work aims to study platelet functions, particularly the ability to generate COAT platelets in PC from donors prepared with the
buffy-coat method (BC-PC) and to investigate whether the level of
COAT platelets in BC-PC is modified either by pathogen inactivation
Intercept treatment or by prolonged storage.
Methods: BC-PC platelets were analyzed by flow cytometry before
pathogen inactivation and during storage. Two BC-PC from 5 donors
each were pooled and split in two bags, one of them was pathogen
inactivated by Intercept process and the other one was left untreated.
We measured the efficiency of BC-PC to generate COAT platelets following stimulation with thrombin and convulxin in treated and
untreated BC-PC. Additional parameters were platelets surface receptors, expression of P-selectin and PAC1-binding at baseline and after
increasing doses of agonists and content/secretion of dense granules.
Results: Among the parameters measured, a distinguishing feature that
appears is the decrease of COAT platelets in BC-PC platelets compared to platelets from platelet-rich plasma. While in untreated BCPC the decrease of COAT platelets is constant over time, in Intercepttreated BC-PC the COAT platelet loss appears to progress during storage and is complete at day 10.
Conclusion: BC-PC platelets preparation seems to decrease the ability
to generate procoagulant COAT platelets. Pathogen inactivation by
Intercept treatment appears to further impair the formation of COAT
platelets. The clinical relevance of this observation is unknown. Current work aims at confirming and identifying the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon.
PO401-TUE
Opiates may attenuate platelet activation
Bastami S1, Tynngard N2, Macwan AS3, Lindahl T4 and
Uppugunduri S4
1
Department of Medical and Health Sciences; 2Department of
Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, and Department
of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; 3Department of Clinical
and Experimental Medicine; 4Department of Clinical Chemistry
and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine,
Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden
Background: Morphine and other opiates are widely used for pain
treatment in a variety of conditions. Opiates also affect respiratory
function, sedation, diuresis and the functioning of the gastrointestinal
tract. The l, d and j opioid receptors are involved in mediating the
effects of opiates through pertussis-sensitive G-proteins. However, the
effect of opiates on platelet aggregation is poorly studied. Since most
patients receiving pain relief also require a functional hemostatic system, it is important to understand their impact on coagulation and
characterise their individual effects, dose response and potency.
ABSTRACTS
Aims: To characterize dose-response effects of five commonly used
opiates; tramadol, fentanyl, oxycodone, morphine and ketobemidone
on platelet aggregation, and activation.
Methods: The expression of the activation markers P-selectin and
fibrinogen was analyzed by flow cytometry. Platelet aggregometry was
assessed by impedance technology. Western blotting was used to measure the level of AKT phosphorylation at Ser 473 residue.
Results: The higher dose of tramadol significantly reduced both P-selectin and fibrinogen expression irrespective of stimuli. Oxycodone significantly inhibited CRP stimulated expression of P-selectin and
fibrinogen and Trap-6 stimulated expression of fibrinogen. Ketobemidone inhibited up-regulatory effects of all stimuli studied with the
exception of CRP induced P-selectin expression. Morphine and fentanyl had no effect in the two doses examined. The higher dose of tramadol, ketobemidone and oxycodone all resulted in a significant
reduction in the aggregation response by platelets. Western blot analysis showed that agonist treated samples in presence of opiates had a
decrease in Ser 473 phosphorylation compared to samples treated with
agonist alone.
Conclusion: Tramadol, ketobemidone and oxycodone significantly
inhibited platelet aggregation and activation as judged by expression
of P-selectin and fibrinogen.
PO402-TUE
In vivo and protease-activated receptor 1-mediated
platelet activation in patients presenting for cardiac
catheterization
Gremmel T1,2, Michelson AD2 and Frelinger AL2
1
Vienna, Vienna, Austria; 2Center for Platelet Research Studies,
Boston Children0 s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston,
MA, USA
Background: Alternative pathways of platelet activation, which are not
targeted by current antithrombotic therapy, may be crucial for the
development of ischemic events in patients with cardiovascular disease.
Aims: To investigate whether in vivo and protease-activated receptor-1
mediated platelet activation and monocyte-platelet aggregate (MPA)
formation can serve as independent risk markers for future adverse
outcomes in aspirin-treated patients presenting for cardiac catheterization.
Methods: In vivo and thrombin receptor-activating peptide (TRAP)stimulated platelet surface P-selectin expression, platelet surface activated glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (GPIIb/IIIa) and MPA formation were
determined in 682 consecutive adult patients undergoing cardiac catheterization and in 47 healthy controls. Two-year follow-up data were
obtained from 562 patients (82.4%).
Results: In vivo platelet surface P-selectin, platelet surface GPIIb/IIIa
and MPA formation were significantly higher in patients than in
healthy controls (all P 0.02). Patients with an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) had significantly higher levels of in vivo MPA formation
than patients without ACS (P = 0.01). In the overall study population
(n = 562, 100%) the platelet surface expression of P-selectin and activated GPIIb/IIIa, and the formation of MPA in vivo and in response
to TRAP were similar in patients without and with subsequent ischemic events (all P > 0.05). Comparable results were obtained when only
patients with angiographically-proven coronary artery disease
(n = 459, 81.7%) or ACS (n = 125, 22.3%) were analyzed. Receiver
operating characteristic curve analyses did not reveal cut-off values for
in vivo and TRAP-stimulated P-selectin, activated GPIIb/IIIa, and
MPA formation for the prediction of future ischemic events.
Conclusion: In vivo and TRAP-stimulated platelet activation and MPA
formation did not predict adverse ischemic outcomes in aspirin-treated
patients presenting for cardiac catheterization.
653
Disclosure of Interest: T. Gremmel: None declared, A. Michelson

Grant/Research Support from: Siemens, Lilly/Daiichi Sankyo, Pfizer,
Bristol-Myers Squibb, GL Synthesis, Consultant for: Lilly, A. Frelinger Grant/Research Support from: Siemens, Lilly/Daiichi Sankyo,
Pfizer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, GL Synthesis.
PO403-TUE
Platelet Factor-3 (PF-3) availability and platelet count
of pregnant women in irrua, edo state
Anyanwu RA, Omaivboje BO and Adesuwa E
Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Ambrose Alli
University, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria,
BENIN, Nigeria
Background: Platelets are small fragments of cytoplasma derive from
megakaryocyte which functions in the blood clotting process as they
release their clotting factor (known as platelet factor-3), whose availability serve as an invitro platelet function test as it gives a direct measurement of the platelet release reaction.
Aims: This study aimed at assessing the influence of normal uncomplicated pregnency on the platelet count and platelet factor-3 availability
and in determing the extent of relationship between gestation period
(trimester) and age on the platelet count.
Methods: The platelet count and platelet factor-3 (PF-3) availability of
70 pregnant womwn and 50 non-pregnant women (control) were carried out using standard methods.
Results: The mean platelet count among the pregnant women
(344 95.83) was statistically higher than that of the non-pregnant
controls (292 137.02) (P < 0.05). the PF-3 availability value for the
control was 63 27.67 as against the reference value of 2954 s that
has bbeen previously quoted. The PF-3 availability was found to be
reduced in normal pregnancy. There was no statistical significance of
the effect of age and trimester on the platelet count and PF-3 availability (P > 0.05).
Conclusion: It was therefore concluded that pregnancy is associated
with a significant increase in platelet count and that functional clotting
activity of platelet factor-3 may not be limited to the number of platelets.
PO404-TUE
Flow cytometry based evaluation of platelet-neutrophil
complex formation in human and murine whole blood:
a detailed analysis of ex vivo sample preparation,
cytometer settings and molecular basics
Mauler M1,2, Seyfert J1, Haenel D1, Seeba H1, Guenther J1,
Bode C1, Ahrens I1 and Duerschmied D1
1
Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, University of
Freiburg; 2Faculty of Biology, University Freiburg, Freiburg,
Germany
Background: The formation of platelet-neutrophil complexes (PNCs)
is found in states of inflammation and hemostasis and thus is regarded
as a keyplayer in a wide range of diseases. Platelet P-selectin and its
ligand PSGL-1 are crucial for complex formation. Although multiple
publications have reported PNC counts, we noticed that different
methods were used to analyze PNC formation and results were presented variably.
Aims: To establish a detailed, reproducible and preferably simple protocol for PNC measurement by flow cytometry in murine and human
whole blood, we compared different sample preparation and cytometer settings.
654
ABSTRACTS
Methods: Whole blood from healthy donors or WT mice was analyzed

by flow cytometry. PNC levels in diluted blood (1:2 vs. 1:6) were quantified after treatment with vehicle, 20 lM ADP or 100 nM PMA using
a three colour staining with CD45 for leukocytes, Ly6G(Gr1) or CD15
for neutrophils and CD41 for platelets. High versus low cytometer
speed was compared. Effect of P-selectin blocking by antibody was
examined. Platelet activation was determined by antibody against activated GPIIb/IIIa.
Results: Baseline PNC levels were 16.1 5% (P < 0.005) in murine
and 7.2 3% (P < 0.005) in human samples (dilution 1:6, low reading speed). Low flow rate and dilution 1:2 increased PNCs about 7%
in murine blood but did not affect human PNC levels. High reading
speed lead to artificially high PNC counts. Treatment with ADP or
PMA resulted in 30.7 5% and 99 0.3% in mice (P < 0.05),
25 10% and 60 15% in humans (P < 0.05), respectively (1:6, low
flow rate). P-selectin blocking abolished PNC formation after ADP in
both species and reduced PMA induced complex formation in human
blood. However it had no effect on PMA stimulated murine samples.
Evaluation of platelet activation was similar in both mice and humans.
Conclusion: In murine and human samples best results could be
reached by diluting whole blood 1:6 and using low flow rate. P-selectin
blocking could not prevent PNC formation in murine PMA treated
blood.
PO405-TUE
T2MR platelet analysis correlates with LTA and reveals
unique details of ADP-mediated platelet activation in
whole blood
Cuker A1,2, Lebedeva T1, Husseinzadeh H2, Massefski W3,
Marturano J3, Lowery T3, Abrams C1,2 and Cines DB1,2
1
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine;
2
Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania,
Philadelphia; 3T2 Biosystems, Lexington, USA
Background: There is a need for simple, rapid platelet activity diagnostics with similar or improved performance relative to the established
reference method, light transmission aggregometry (LTA). for this
purpose we present new data characterizing the T2 magnetic resonance
(T2MR) hemostasis methodology that is being developed for the
assessment of platelet-mediated clot contraction in whole blood.1
Aims: Our aim was to assess the ability of T2MR to discriminate platelet activity between donors with normal and impaired platelet function, defined by LTA.
Methods: Citrated whole blood was collected from 20 healthy donors
not taking anti-platelet medications. The reagent formulation contained reptilase to activate fibrin and heparin to inhibit thrombin.
Platelets were activated with 520 lM ADP, 0.51.5 mM arachidonic
acid (AA), 110 lM TRAP, or 520 lM epinephrine.1 To assess specificity, agonists were combined with their antagonists.
Results: Correlation between T2MR and LTA demonstrated a positive
percent agreement of 98% and a negative percent agreement of 97%.
Recovery of platelet function after 325 mg aspirin was comparable
when measured by both methods. T2MR and LTA both indicated a
lack of platelet activity from a patient with Glanzmanns thrombasthenia. Notably, ADP responses from T2MR results were only partially
inhibited with MeSAMP alone, in contrast to LTA, but completely
inhibited by addition of MRS2279 with MeSAMP. This suggests that
ADP-mediated platelet activation is more dependent on P2Y1 signaling in whole blood when compared to platelet-rich plasma used for
LTA.
Conclusion: The T2MR platform requires 40 lL of whole blood, is
simple and provides results within 20 minutes that are highly correlated with LTA. It also provides insight into platelet function in whole
blood not observed with LTA, demonstrating the potential importance
of platelet function data that is integrated into clot contraction studies

in whole blood that cannot be assessed by LTA.
Reference: 1. Skewis Clin Chem 2014 60:1174.
PO406-TUE
New approach for evaluation of platelet function in
thrombocytopenia using impedance aggregometry
Skipper MT1, Rubak P1, Stentoft J2, Hvas A-M1 and Larsen OH1
1
Biochemistry; 2Department of Haematology, Aarhus University
Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Background: Flow cytometry has been introduced for evaluation of
platelet function independent of platelet count. Whole blood aggregometry is a quicker and more widely available functional assay, but
has until now, not been considered feasible at low platelet counts.
Aims: To evaluate platelet function using impedance aggregometry
adjusted for platelet count in thrombocytopenia and compare the findings to platelet function assessed by flow cytometry.
Methods: The Regional Research Ethics Committee approved the
study. Following informed consent, hirudin anticoagulated blood was
collected from 20 healthy individuals, 17 haematological cancer
patients and 20 patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia
(ITP). Platelet function was analysed by impedance aggregometry and
by flow cytometry. for both analyses collagen, adenosine diphosphate
and thrombin receptor agonist peptide-6 were used as agonists. Platelet aggregation was adjusted for platelet count relative to thrombocytopenia induced in healthy whole blood employing a novel validated
method.
Results: Platelet counts were obtained in similar ranges (13
129 9 109 L1) for each group (P = 0.75). Aggregation adjusted for
platelet count was significantly reduced in cancer in all agonists (median: 2333% of healthy, P-values <0.02). In contrast, the platelet
aggregation in ITP was increased (223308% of healthy, P-values
<0.01). ITP displayed increased expression of bound fibrinogen and
CD63 following activation, compared to particularly cancer patients,
but also healthy platelets. The expression of platelet surface markers
following activation with all agonists showed moderate correlation to
platelet aggregation adjusted for platelet count in thrombocytopenia
(Spearmans rho 0.280.63, P-values 0.04).
Conclusion: The new approach made it possible to differentiate platelet
function of healthy individuals and two different patient groups. This
study demonstrated the feasibility to perform platelet function analyses in thrombocytopenia using impedance aggregometry.
PO407-TUE
Development and validation of a flow cytometry assay
for assessing cyclooxygenase-1 and 2 in platelets
Rubak P1, Kristensen SD2 and Hvas A-M1
1
Centre for Haemophilia and Thrombosis,Department of Clinical
Biochemistry; 2Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University
Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
Background: A reduced effect of aspirin has been reported in patients
with a high immature platelet fraction (IPF). Cyclooxygenase (COX)1 is present in all platelets and is inhibited by aspirin. Immature platelets also contain COX-2, which is not affected by the low doses of aspirin used in the treatment of cardiovascular disease.
Aims: To develop and validate an assay to assess COX-1 and COX-2
in platelets, and to investigate the association with IPF.
ABSTRACTS
Methods: Sodium citrated platelet rich plasma was fixed and permeabilised and antibodies for CD41, CD45, COX-1 and COX-2 were added.
The solution was incubated for 30 min, washed and diluted prior to
flow cytometric analysis. Isotype controls were used as negative control, CD41 was used to identify platelets and CD45 for eliminating leucocytes, and leucocyte-platelet aggregates. Thirty healthy volunteers
and 15 patients with primarily immune thrombocytopenia patients
(ITP) will be included. Informed consent is obtained from all participants, and the study has been approved by The Central Denmark
Region Committees on Health Research Ethics and will be conducted
in accordance with the Helsinki II Declaration.
Results: Preliminary results of two healthy volunteers with IPF of 3
5% showed detectable levels of COX-1 [6-9 medium fluorescence
intensity (MFI)] in all platelets, but only 310% of platelets contained
COX-2. Preliminary results of three ITP patients with IPF ranging
from 8 to 28% showed increased levels of COX-1 in all platelets (926
MFI) and fraction of platelets containing COX-2 (928%). Reference
intervals for COX-1 and COX-2 will be established on healthy volunteers and compared with ITP patients.
Conclusion: We succeeded in developing and validating an assay for
assessment of COX-1 and COX-2 in platelets. Investigating the association between COX-1, COX-2 and IPF is of high interest as it may
contribute to the explanation of why a reduced effect of aspirin is
found in patients with a high IPF.
655
also consistent with distinct regulatory pathways contributing to the

thrombotic (i.e., aggregation) and inflammatory (i.e., secretion of
BRMs) processes.
PO409-TUE
Increase in ionic strength inhibits platelet aggregation
irrespective of solute type in vitro
Ogweno G
Medical Physiology, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
Background: Haemodilution with hypertonic solutions impair whole
blood coagulation but not plasma clotting tests. The effects of crystalloid diluents composition on platelet aggregation remain largely unexplored.
Aims: To investigate effects of crystalloid diluents solute composition
and concentration on platelet aggregation.
Methods: PRP and PPP was obtained from 10 healthy donors, divided
into aliquots and haemodiluted with selected diluents at increasing
concentrations. Platelet aggregation was stimulated with ADP and
AA and measured in Helena Aggram aggregometer.
Results: Platelet aggregation decreased dose dependently according to
ionic strength irrespective of solute type.
%Max aggregation per diluents concentration in AA Agonist
PO408-TUE
Platelet aggregation and biological response modifiers
release by combinations of Streptococcus sanguinis
and Porphyromonas gingivalis
McNicol A1, Israels S2, Hamzeh-Cognasse H3 and Cognasse F4
1
College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba; 2College of
Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada;
3
University of Lyon, Lyon; 4Etablissement Francais du Sang
Auvergne-Loire, Saint Etienne, France
Background: During periodontal disease, bacteria and their by-products elicit inflammation of the periodontium, leading to an increased
incidence of bacteraemias. Evidence suggests these bacteraemias are
positive risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Certain strains of
Streptococcus sanguinis (S. sanguinis) and Porphyromonas gingivalis
(P. gingivalis) can activate platelets in a donor-dependant manner and
thus are potential contributing factors in thromboembolic disease.
While these pathogens have been studied individually, the effects of
combinations of pathogens, as would occur during a bacteraemia,
have not been reported.
Aims: The aim of the current study was to determine whether there
was synergistic action of S. sanguinis and P. gingivalis on platelet activation.
Methods: Aggregation of human platelets was determined by increased
light transmission of platelet rich plasma, and the release of the biological response modifiers (BRMs) sCD40L, sCD62p and RANTES was
quantified by ELISA.
Results: Aggregation was observed in platelets in response to three
strains of S. sanguinis (201778, SK112, SK108a) and three strains of
P. gingivalis (W50, W83, 6.26). Sub-threshold levels of 201778 significantly decreased the lag-time to full aggregation, but had no effect on
the release of BRMs, when combined with sub-threshold levels of each
P. gingivalis strain. These data demonstrate that platelet aggregation,
but not the release of BRMs, can occur readily in response to a heterogenic bacterial challenge.
Conclusion: Platelet activation in response to a total pathogenic burden may contribute to the association of periodontitis with an acute
thrombotic event, whereas a challenge with multiple organisms does
not enhance platelet-mediated inflammatory responses. These data are
Diluents/conc
300
mOsm
600
mOsm
1000
mOsm
1500
mOsm
2500
mOsm
undiluted
Na gluconate
Nacl
Choline chloride
Mannitol
Dextrose
76.3
58.1
76.8
61.3
65.5
57.1
76.3
55.5
76.3
24.5
38.9
33.7
49.6
76.3
12.2
16.3
13.8
10.5
Conclusion: Platelet aggregation is inhibited by increase in ionic

strength and osmolality suggesting osmosensory role.
PO410-TUE
A new approach to measuring platelet aggregation and
platelet-leucocyte conjugate formation in a small
volume of fixed whole blood
Algahtani M, Dovlatova N, May J, Heptinstall S and Fox S
Nottingham, UK
Background: Platelet function testing is of value in determining the relative impact of different platelet agonists and inhibitors on platelet
function. Investigations can be limited by the volume of blood that is
available.
Aims: To assess platelet aggregation (PA) and platelet-leukocyte conjugate (PLC) formation in a small blood volume using a 96-well plate
format.
Methods: Platelet function was assessed in whole blood from healthy
volunteers using 96-well plates coated with: arachidonic acid (AA,
0.031 mM), ADP (0.330 lM), collagen (0.110 lg mL1) and
TRAP (0.110 lM). To check the suitability of this assay to detect
platelet inhibition the effects of aspirin, the P2Y12 inhibitor cangrelor,
the GPIIbIIIa blocker MK-852 and the PSGL-1 blocker KPL-1 were
investigated. Whole blood (46 ll) was added to each well and the plate
was shaken for 5 min at 1000 rpm at 37 C; a fixative solution AGG-
656
ABSTRACTS
Fix (Platelet Solutions Ltd, Nottingham, UK) was applied to stop

platelet stimulation and stabilise samples. Both PA, as a fall in the
number of single platelets, and PLC formation were measured in the
same fixed sample by flow cytometry without red cell lysis and within
3 days after fixation.
Results: Full dose-response curves to 4 agonists were generated using
1.2 ml of whole blood. Aspirin inhibited AA-induced PA, cangrelor
induced dose-dependent inhibition of ADP-induced PA and both
agents inhibited PLC formation. Collagen- and TRAP-induced PA
was also impaired to a different extent by in vitro addition of either antiplatelet agent. PLC formation was readily measured in the same samples as PA and was abolished by the addition of KPL-1, which had no
effect on PA. In the presence of MK-852 PA was not completely inhibited while PLC formation was dramatically increased and the latter
was only partially inhibited by further addition of KPL-1.
Conclusion: The assessment of PA and PLC formation in one fixed
whole blood samples offers a reliable method for obtaining two measures of platelet function using a very small volume of blood.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Algahtani: None declared, N. Dovlatova
Employee of: Platelet Solutions Ltd., J. May Shareholder of: Platelet
Solutions Ltd., S. Heptinstall Shareholder of: Platelet Solutions Ltd.,
S. Fox Shareholder of: Platelet Solutions Ltd.
PO411-TUE
The automation of routine light transmission platelet
aggregation on sysmex CS-2000i
Kobayashi K1, Gueret P2, Sansot M2, Gac FN2 and Amiral J1
1
HYPHEN BioMed, Neuville sur Oise; 2Hemostasis Unit,
University Hospital, Rennes, France
Background: Light Transmission aggregometry requires specific equipment and qualified operators; the volume of sample required can also
be restricting especially for pediatric analysis. In order to improve the
implementation of these techniques in the laboratory of hemostasis,
we assessed the ability of a high throughput coagulation analyser CS2000i (Sysmex Corporation, Japan) with specific software to perform
platelet aggregation.
Aims: Assessment of the ability of a CS-2000i with specific software to
perform platelet aggregation in various clinical samples.
Methods: 50 individuals were studied in total. Samples were from
healthy subjects, patients with congenital platelet disorders or treated
with anti-platelet drugs. Platelet aggregation were performed on CS2000i equipped with dedicated software and PAP-8E (Biodata, USA)
as the reference instrument. The agonists for the CS-2000i: ADP
2 lM, Collagen 2 lg mL1, Epinephrine 5 lM, Arachidonic Acid
1 mM and Ristocetin 1.5 mg mL1 from HYPHEN BioMed (France)
were used. for the PAP-8E, the agonists: ADP (Sigma, USA) 2 lM,
Collagen Horm (Takeda, Austria) 2 lg mL1, Arachidonic acid (Bio
Data, USA) 1 mM, and Ristocetin (Stago, France) 1.5 mg mL1 were
used. PRP were used on both devices at the same time which standardized ~250 9 109 L1 with autologous plasma. Stirrer speed were
800 rpm for the CS-2000i and 1200 rpm for the PAP-8E.
Results: CS-2000i using agonists from HYPHEN BioMed were comparable performances with those obtained by PAP-8E instrument
using various agonists. The reason of dispersions especially with ADP
2 lM are explained by some discrepant plasmas, which could exhibit
variable aggregation patterns for low responsive samples in their specific profiles.
Conclusion: Platelet aggregation on CS-2000i allow a fast and standardized method for light transmission aggregometry. Another advantage of this automation is the lower sample volume required which can
be useful for pediatric patients. This automation facilitates the realization of these specific assays in many of laboratories.
Disclosure of Interest: K. Kobayashi Employee of: HYPHEN BioMed,
P. Gueret: None declared, M. Sansot: None declared, F. Nedelec Gac:
None declared, J. Amiral Consultant for: HYPHEN BioMed and Sysmex.
PO412-TUE
Effects of pH and concentration of sodium citrate
anticoagulant on platelet aggregation measured by
light transmission aggregometry induced by adenosine
diphosphate
Germanovich K1, Femia EA1, Cheng CY1, Dovlatova N2 and
Cattaneo M1,3
1
Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Universit
a Degli Studi Di
Milano, Milano, Italy; 2Platelet Solutions, Nottingham, UK;
3
Medicina III, Ospedale San Paolo, Milano, Italy
Background: The SSC-ISTH guidelines for standardisation of light
transmission aggregometry (LTA) for the study of platelet aggregation
(PA) were largely based on the consensus of experts due to lack of
studies directly comparing different procedures.
Aims: We experimentally tested the cogency of some SSC-ISTH recommendations: 1) whether buffering the anticoagulant keeps pH of
PRP samples stable and affects PA; 2) whether the 2 recommended
concentrations of sodium citrate (109 and 129 mM) are equivalent in
terms of PA response; 3) whether time dependence of PA induced by
ADP is equivalent in buffered and non-buffered citrate.
Methods: Blood from 16 healthy volunteers was collected into buffered
and non-buffered citrate 109 and 129 mM. PA was measured by LTA
in PRP stimulated by ADP (2 lM) 45 min (immediately after preparation), 1, 2, 3 and 4 h after blood sampling. Plasma pH was measured
at the same time points.
Results: pH in PRP increased with time for all anticoagulants; in buffered citrate, pH was significantly lower than in non-buffered citrate at
all times. PA induced by ADP was lower in buffered citrate at 45 min,
but equivalent at all other times. PA was higher in sodium citrate
109 mM than in 129 mM at all times. PA was time-dependent for all
citrate preparations, with lower responses at 45 min, stable maximum
responses at 1 and 2 h, and subsequent decrease at 3 and 4 h.
Conclusion: Buffering sodium citrate anticoagulant lowers the pH of
whole blood and PRP samples to a more physiological value, but does
not keep pH stable over time. Buffering anticoagulant has no effect on
PA after PRP is allowed to rest for 15 min. PA is higher in samples
collected in sodium citrate 109 mM compared to 129 mM. PA induced
by ADP is highly time-dependent in all citrate anticoagulants tested
and diminishes significantly 3 h after blood sampling; therefore, studies of PA should ideally be completed within 2 h of blood collection.
PO413-TUE
Anti-protamine/heparin antibodies induced platelet
activation in the presence of NPH-insulin in heparin
dependent manner
llner H, Jouni R, Janzen L, Wesche J, Fuhrmann J
Bakchoul T, Zo
and Greinacher A
Institute for Immunology Und Transfusion Medicine, ErnstMoritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
Background: Immunization against protamine/heparin (PRT/H) complexes is common in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. PRT is used
in Neutral Protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin, a commonly used
therapeutic agent for diabetes mellitus.
Aims: To analyze the interaction between NPH insulin and anti-PRT/
H antibodies and its impact on platelet (PLT) activation.
Methods: Flow cytometry (FC) was used to study the binding of NPHInsulin to PLTs and to investigate the ability of anti-PRT/heparin
antibodies to activate PLTs in the presence of NPH-insulin and Heparin.
Results: NPH insulin, but not native insulin, binds to PLTs. The binding was enhanced by heparin (NPH insulin: median mean fluorescence
ABSTRACTS
intensity (MFI) 16, range 1518 vs. NPH insulin and unfractionated
heparin (UFH): median MFI 24, range 1729). Anti-PRT/H antibodies from immunized patients bound to platelets in the presence of
NPH insulin, but not in the presence of native insulin. This binding
was also enhanced by the addition of UFH (NPH insulin: median
MFI 33, range 1837 vs. NPH insulin and UFH: median MFI 65,
range 1578). The ability of anti-PRT/H antibodies (n = 6) to activate
NPH insulin-coated platelets was investigated by measuring the P-selectin (CD62p) expression using FC. Anti-PRT/H antibodies activated
PLTs in the presence of NPH insulin in a heparin-dependent way
(CD62p expression; NPH insulin (mean standard deviation [SD]):
MFI 16 3 vs. NPH insulin and UFH: MFI 427 323).
Conclusion: Our data demonstrate the ability of NPH insulin to bind
platelets in a heparin-dependent way. Anti- PRT/H antibodies recognize bound PRT and induce platelet activation. These in vitro findings
justify further investigations to assess the clinical impact of the interaction between anti-PRT/H antibodies and NPH insulin.
PO414-TUE
Characterising cell-type interactions following platelet
activation in a novel low volume whole blood assay
Armstrong PC and Warner TD
William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of
London, London, UK
Background: Platelet-platelet interactions are central to the processes
of haemostasis, while platelet-neutrophil and platelet-monocyte interactions have been linked to a range of cardiovascular disease states.
Study of these interactions is technically challenging, particularly in
genetically modified mice and in small volume clinical samples such as
from children.
Aims: Here we have addressed this problem by coupling whole blood
stimulation, using a low volume 96-well plate approach, with flow cytometric imaging.
Methods: In brief, blood was collected by venepuncture of the vena
cava in anaesthetised C57bl6 mice or the antecubital vein of healthy
volunteers into hirudin (10 lg mL1 final). 35 ll aliquots of blood
were then placed into the individual wells of half-area 96-well plates,
with or without agonist (collagen, 130 lg mL1; PAR-activating
peptides, 1100 lM; U46619, 0.110 lM) and vigorously mixed
(1200 rpm, 37 C, 5 min). At the end of this period blood was incubated with fluorochrome-conjugated antibodies and analysed by flow
cytometry imaging (ImagestreamX, Amnis).
Results: Stimulation of whole blood with agonists caused concentration-dependent reductions in the population of single platelets that
were associated with the appearance of a range of physiological phenomena including platelet microaggregates, platelet aggregegates, and
platelet-leukocyte interactions with concurrent p-selectin expression or
active GPIIb/IIIa.
Conclusion: This approach allows for the investigation of platelet
aggregation and platelet-cell interactions in whole blood from humans
or experimental animals. Importantly, the low volume permits the
simultaneous testing of a wide range of stimulatory conditions. The
ease with which this assay can be used to study mouse whole blood
allows the ready functional testing of genetic manipulations to better
characterise cell to cell interactions in blood.
657
PO415-TUE
Characterisation of procoagulant platelets in whole
blood using a novel cell death marker
Pasalic L1,2, Campbell H1, Hogg P1 and Chen V1,3
1
Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales;
2
Haematology, ICPMR, Pathology West; 3SEALS Pathology,
Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia
Background: Procoagulant platelets (PP) are implicated in the pathogenesis of thrombotic disorders including coronary events, ischaemic
stroke and sepsis outcomes. Our understanding of this platelet subset
has been hampered by the lack of a suitable assay for clinical studies.
We have previously reported that a novel cell death marker (GSAO)
identifies the PP fraction in washed human platelets.
Aims: We developed a flow cytometry-based, non red cell-lyse assay
for detection of PP in whole blood suitable for use in human clinical
studies and murine models.
Methods: Citrated blood was diluted with buffer containing GPRP,
CaCl2 various agonist(s). Incubation was stopped at 10 min; aliquots were stained with GSAO and antibodies against CD62P, CD45,
and CD41a. Following fixation and single wash step, samples were
analysed on an LSRFortessa flow cytometer.
Results: Human PP were identified as dual positive (CD62P+/GSAO+)
events in the CD41a+ platelet gate. Consistent with known features of
PP, <0.5% of platelets showed the procoagulant phenotype at baseline; thrombin increased the procoagulant fraction (12.1 4.3%)
whereas collagen was significantly less potent (1.2 0.9%). A combination of thrombin and collagen resulted in the maximal, synergistic
response (15.5 5.8%). Using GPVI agonist, CRP, we demonstrated
that the collagen effect is predominantly GPVI mediated. The thrombin-induced response was replicated fully by PAR1 agonist TFLLRNH2, and only partially by PAR4 stimulation with AYPGKF-NH2
indicating that the thrombin effect is PAR1 mediated. Stimulation
with ADP failed to induce any increase in PP subset consistent with
the concept that the procoagulant response is induced by strong agonists.
Conclusion: Using this assay, we have investigated the contribution of
PP in coronary artery disease and in murine models of sepsis and atherosclerosis. In conclusion, using a novel marker for necrosis (GSAO),
we have validated a whole blood based assay for procoagulant platelets applicable to study of a wide range of disease.
Platelet disorders II
PO416-TUE
Natural history of acquired Glanzmann
thrombasthenia: a case report
Tuffigo M1,2, James C1,2,3,4, Lazaro E2,5, Viallard J-F2,3,5 and
Fiore M1,2,3,4
1
Hematology, University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac; 2Victor
Segalen, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux; 3Cardiovascular
Adaptation to Ischemia, InsermU1034; 4Reference Centers for
Platelet Disorders; 5Internal Medecine and Infectious Diseases
Department, University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac, France
Background: Acquired Glanzmann thrombasthenia (GT) is a rare
bleeding disorder generally caused by anti-aIIbb3 auto-antibodies.
Aims: To report the case of a patient who has progressively developped
an acquired GT.
Methods: Biological tests were (i) platelet aggregation to different agonists, (ii) platelet glycoproteins expression (flow cytometry/westernblot), (iii) presence of anti-aIIbb3 antibodies, and (iv) platelet electron
microscopy.
658
ABSTRACTS
Results: The patient is a 50-year-old man with chronic ITP and Crohns disease. After unsuccessful splenectomy, romiplostim was initiated and rapidly increased his platelet count. However, in July 2013,
he suffered from repeated episodes of gastrointestinal bleedings and
platelet aggregation studies indicated a moderate global defect. In
December 2013, platelet function testing showed much reduced aggregation using all agonists, but normal agglutination with ristocetin.
Expression of aIIbb3 was markedly reduced (20% of normal) when
rationalized with GPIba (233% of normal). The presence of an antiaIIbb3 antibody was identified and a platelet aggregation mixing study
demonstrated inhibition of normal donor platelets with the patients
plasma. Based on these results, an immunosuppressive therapy was
started. Unfortunatetly, in July 2014, platelet surface expression of
aIIbb3 has further decreased, whereas the GPIba expression has
increased (300% of normal). Moreover, there were nearly no activation of these receptors or P-selectin expression upon platelet stimulation. Then, a defect in signalling is to be considered in addition to the
inhibitory effect of the anti-aIIbb3 auto-antibody. Otherwise, the dramatic increase of GPIba could be explained by the excessive presence
of giant platelets seen in the patient, suggesting that these antibodies
have also an effect on platelet production.
Conclusion: In conclusion, we present the case of a patient with a
severe defect of platelet functions associated with the presence of an
auto-antibody directed against aIIbb3.
PO417-TUE
Hot-water extracts of the mushroom, agaricus
brasiliensis, inhibits platelet activation via P2Y1
receptor
Satoh K1, Akahane K2, Ohta M2 and Ozaki Y2
1
Division of Laboratory Medicine, University of Yamanashi
Hospital; 2Department of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine,
University of Yamanashi, Chyou, Japan
Background: Some edible mushrooms have inhibitory effects on platelet aggregation. However, the mechanisms which underlie these inhibitory effects have remained unclear. Preliminary experiments using 8
edible mushrooms, we found that hot-water extracts of Agaricus brasiliensis specifically inhibited ADP-induced platelet aggregation.
Aims: We report on the mechanism by which hot-water extracts of
Agaricus brasiliensis inhibit ADP-induced platelet aggregation, and we
also explored the possibility of in vivo platelet inhibition by oral
administration of the mushroom extracts in the mouse model.
Methods: Agaricus brasiliensis powder (fruiting body) was extracted
with distilled water at 90 C for 2 h. The extract was collected and
freeze dried. The residue dissolved in saline was used for the experiments.
Results: Hot-water extracts of Agaricus brasiliensis potently inhibited
platelet aggregation induced by ADP, and weakly suppressed platelet
aggregation induced by collagen and thrombin-receptor-activating
peptide, at the final concentration of 0.5 mg/mL1. The extracts also
had a significant inhibitory activity on platelets shape change and
DAMI cells intracellular calcium mobilization induced by ADP via
inhibition of ADP binding to the P2Y1 receptor. Additionally, oral
administration of the extracts resulted in prolonged tail bleeding time
in mice, with no significant difference in platelet counts between the
control mice and high dosage mice.
Conclusion: The hot-water extract of Agaricus brasiliensis has inhibitory activities against platelet aggregation via the P2Y1 receptor. The
marked anti-platelet activity of the mushroom extracts involving the
P2Y1 receptor suggests its potential therapeutic use against vascular
disorders.
PO418-TUE
A reduced response to TRAP-6 in platelet aggregation
studies is not usually due to a PAR-1 receptor defect
Mitchell M1, McCormick A1, Maloney J1, Moore GW2 and
Austin SK3
1
Haemostasis Department, Viapath LLP, St. Thomas Hospital;
2
Haemostasis Department, Viapath LLP, St. Thomas Hospital;
3
Centre for Haemostasis & Thrombosis, Guys & St. Thomas NHS
Trust, London, UK
Background: Diagnosing mild bleeding disorders can be challenging as
many patients with a mild bleeding phenotype lack a definite diagnosis
even after repeated laboratory testing. Also, the clinical significance of
certain test results can be unclear. Mild platelet defects may account
for many mild bleeding disorders and platelet aggregation studies are
undertaken to try and confirm the precise nature of any defect. One of
the more common findings on platelet aggregation studies is a reduced
response to platelet activation with TRAP-6, which activates the Gcoupled receptor, protease activated receptor-1 (PAR-1) encoded by
F2R.
Aims: We undertook molecular genetic analysis of F2R in 8 patients
with an abnormal response to TRAP-6 to see if we could identify any
pathogenic mutations that might be responsible for the impaired
response.
Methods: Both exons of F2R were PCR amplified and then sequenced,
the large exon 2 being amplified in 3 overlapping fragments. Sequencing was performed on an ABI 3130xl analyser, with sequences analysed using Mutation Surveyor software and compared against the
Ensembl reference sequence (ENSG00000181104).
Results: Eight patients with a clearly abnormal response to TRAP-6
on platelet aggregation studies had their F2R gene sequenced. In all
cases no putative pathogenic mutation was identified. The F2RL3
gene, which codes for the PAR-4 receptor, was also sequenced in all
cases with no putative pathogenic mutation identified.
Conclusion: Platelet aggregation studies suggested impaired thrombinmediated platelet aggregation in a cohort of patients being investigated
for a bleeding phenotype. It might be expected that the PAR-1 receptor, target of TRAP-6, would be the prime candidate for a pathogenic
mutation. However, our experience with 8 patients and a literature
search suggests that mutations in F2R are rare. The cause of the
impaired TRAP-6 response in these patients has yet to be identified
but is probably in the G Protein-mediated signalling pathway downstream of the PAR-1 receptor.
PO419-TUE
Differential regulation of the platelet proteome in
Glanzmann thrombasthenia type I
Jurk K1, Loroch S2, Reiss C1, Schwierczek K1, Behnisch W3,
Zieger B4, Zahedi R2 and Walter U1
1
Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University
Medical Center Mainz, Mainz; 2Leibniz-Institut f
ur Analytische
Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V., Dortmund; 3Department of Pediatric
Oncology, Hematology, Immunology and Pulmonology,
University Medical Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg; 4Department
of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical
Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
Background: Glanzmann thrombasthenia (GT) is one of the best characterized inherited platelet function disorder. Platelets from patients
with GT do not aggregate in response to all platelet agonists due to
lacking or dysfunctional glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa. However, alterations in the global platelet proteome have not been quantified in these
patients so far. Recently, we conducted the first comprehensive and
ABSTRACTS
quantitative characterization of the human platelet proteome (Burkhardt et al. (2012) Blood).
Aims: As proof of concept we aimed to investigate the proteome and
function of platelets from a patient with type I GT, caused by a homozygous ITGA2b c.175delG frameshift mutation, associated with mucocutaneous bleeding and from four family members without bleeding.
Methods: The global proteome of highly purified washed platelets was
quantified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and
targeted MS-methods. Light transmission aggregometry and flow cytometric analysis of platelet surface receptors, fibrinogen binding and
CD62P-, CD63-surface expression were performed in platelet-rich
plasma according to standardized protocols.
Results: Proteome and flow cytometric analysis confirmed <5% of
GPIIb in patients and about 50% of GPIIb in heterozygotes platelets
compared to unaffected sister. GPIIIa as well as fibrinogen chains
were down-regulated up to 10% and 50% in platelets from patient and
heterozygotes, respectively. Patients platelets did not aggregate or
bind soluble fibrinogen but showed normal granule secretion capacity
in response to platelet agonists. Primary platelet function from heterozygotes and from unaffected sister was in the normal range.
Conclusion: Our data show for the first time the quantitative proteome
of a Glanzmann family with the index patient, three heterozygotes and
an unaffected individual. This study establishes the utility of LC-MSbased quantitative platelet proteomics as diagnostic tool for inherited
platelet function disorders.
PO420-TUE
Granules secretion in patients with Glanzmann0 s
thrombasthenia
Pilgrimm-Thorp A-K, Krause M, Pillitteri D, Behrendt T and
Kirchmaier C
Haemostaseology, Dkd Helios Klinik Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden,
Germany
Background: Patients with Glanzmann thrombasthenia (GT) often suffer from severe bleeding complications in case of injury or surgery.
Prolonged bleeding time is caused by the diminished or lacking glycoprotein (GP) IIb-IIIa, which mediates platelet aggregation via fibrinogen. However, limited information is available regarding platelet
granules release (alpha- and dense bodies) in GT patients. Therefore,
we investigated platelet granule release in 10 GT patients.
Aims: The aim was to investigate platelet granule secretion in Glanzmann thrombasthenia.
Methods: Platelet integrin expression and agonist induced PAC1expression on the platelets surface was investigated by flow cytometry
using monoclonal fluorescence-labeled antibodies (anti-CD41/CD61
and PAC-1). Granules content of the platelets was investigated by
using mabs anti-CD63 and anti-CD62P in flow cytometry after platelet activation with thrombin.
Results: FACS analysis of platelet granules using monoclonal antibodies anti-CD62P and anti-CD63 showed an enhanced expression of
CD63 (149 32%) but normal CD62P expression (83 24%) after
platelet activation with thrombin compared to healthy volunteers.
GPIIb-IIIa surface expression was reduced to 47 32%. PAC1expression in response to ADP and TRAP was reduced to 27 17%
and 12 9%, respectively.
Conclusion: The data indicates that GT patients show a higher expression rate of CD63 compared to healthy volunteers. This could be an
indication for compensating the lack of GPIIb-IIIa receptor signalling.
However, due to the low prevalence of GT further investigation is
needed.
659
PO421-TUE
The GFI1B, c.503G>T mutation in the first zinc finger
domain predicts a milder bleeding phenotype than the
GFI1B c.880-881insC mutation
Rabbolini D1,2, Morel-Kopp M-C1,2, Chen Q2, Gabrielli S2,
Dunlop L3, Ward CM1,2 and Stevenson W1,2
1
Department of Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, Royal
North Shore Hospital; 2Northern Blood Research Centre, Kolling
Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney; 3Department
of Haematology, Liverpool Hospital, Sydney, Australia
Background: Inherited GFI1B c.880-881insC mutation causes macrothrombocytopenia with a platelet function defect and bleeding tendency; associated with reduced platelet a-granules and red cell
anisopoikilocytosis. The phenotype of the GFI1B c.503G>T mutation
has not been characterised.
Aims: To compare and contrast the clinical phenotypes of GFI1B,
c.503G>T and c.880-881insC mutations.
Methods: Two unrelated families (n = 7) with the GFI1B c.503G>T
mutation were analysed and directly compared to our previously
described family with the c.880-1881insC mutation using the ISTHSSC bleeding assessment tool and laboratory data.
Results: Both the c.503G>T and c.880-881insC mutations demonstrate
autosomal dominant inheritance. The mean bleeding score of individuals
with c.503G>T mutations was significantly less than those with c.880881insC mutations (0.4 vs 3.8, P = 0.02). Both mutations showed large
platelets on the blood film and moderate thrombocytopenia. Platelets
from c.503G>T cases appeared well granulated and their red cells had
normal morphology. Surface glycoprotein expression was normal for
both mutations. Whole blood aggregometry in individuals with
c.503G>T mutations lacked significant abnormalities, whereas, impaired
platelet responses were seen by light transmission aggregometry, in particular to collagen, in individuals with c.880-881insC mutations. Luciferase experiments suggest that the c.503G>T variant has less effect on gene
transcription than the c.880-881insC mutation.
Conclusion: The location of GFI1B mutation appears to have important phenotypic consequences with the c.503G>T mutation altering
the non-DNA binding first zinc finger domain producing a milder phenotype of thrombocytopenia without associated aggregation defects or
granule deficiency.
PO422-TUE
Abnormal proplatelet formation and emperipolesis in
cultured megakaryocytes form gray platelet syndrome
patients
De Candia E1, Di Buduo C2, Alberelli MA3, Glembostky A4,
Podda G5, Cattaneo M5, Landolfi R6, Heller PG4 and Balduini A2
1
Hemostasis and Thrombosis Unit- Department of Internal
Medicine-A. Gemelli Hospital, Universit
a Cattolica Del Sacro
Cuore, Roma; 2Department of Molecular Medicine, University of
Pavia, Pavia; 3Hemostasis and Thrombosis Unit- Department of
Internal Medicine, Universit
a Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Roma,
n. Instituto de
Italy; 4Departamento de Hematologa Investigacio
Investigaciones M
edicas Alfredo Lanari, Universidad de Buenos
Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; 5Medicina III, Azienda
Ospedaliera San Paolo, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute,
Universit
a degli Studi di Milano, Milano; 6Department of Internal
Medicine-A. Gemelli Hospital, Universit
a Cattolica Del Sacro
Cuore, Roma, Italy
Background: Gray platelet syndrome (GPS) is an inherited bleeding
disorder characterized by lack of platelet a-granules, macrothrombo-
660
ABSTRACTS
cytopenia and marrow fibrosis. Autosomal recessive form of GPS has

been linked to loss of function mutations in NBEAL2. Three different
Nbeal2 knock out mouse models were generated and megakaryocyte
(MK) and platelet functional and structural features were extensively
studied. Mouse models of GPS, however, presented some discrepancies with regard to megakaryopoiesis, proplatelet formation (PPF) and
content of MK a-granules.
Aims: We evaluated the ex vivo MK development and PPF in 4
patients with GPS and NBEAL2 biallelic mutations.
Methods: We obtained ex vivo cultured MKs from peripheral blood
(PB) or bone marrow (BM) hemopoietic progenitor cells (HPC) of 4
GPS patients. CD45 + (PB) or CD34 + (BM) purified cells were cultured for 14 days in the presence of TPO, IL-6 and IL-11. Differentiation, maturation and ploidy of HPC-derived MKs were evaluated by
morphological analysis, cytofluorimetric measurement of major membrane glycoproteins and of DNA content, respectively. Adhesion and
PPF on fibrinogen and type I collagen coated coverslips were measured as % of adherent cells and % of PPF MKs. The content of agranule vWF, TSP-1 and P-selectin was evaluated by immunofluorescence analysis.
Results: Ex vivo cultured MKs from GPS patients showed both dramatic reduction of the number of proplatelets and gross abnormalities
of the shape and ramification of tips. On the contrary, MK development, maturation and differentiation were similar to control MKs.
Leukocytes in the MK cytoplasm were found, in agreement with
extensive emperipolesis (36-65% of MKs) in the BM biopsy of GPS
patients. The content of vWF, TSP-1 and P-selectin was markedly
reduced.
Conclusion: These results suggest that impairment of PPF may be
responsible for the thrombocytopenia in GPS patients. Emperipolesis
is a MK-dependent typical feature of the disease. Cultured GPS MKs
have reduced content of a-granule proteins.
PO423-TUE
Multiplex phosphospecific flow cytometry for the
screening of platelet signaling disorders
Levade M1,2, Garcia C1, Cadot S1, Series J1, Si
e P1 and
Payrastre B2
1
Hematologie, Chu Toulouse; 2INSERM U1048, I2MC, Toulouse,
France
Background: Inherited disorders of platelet signaling are rarely
reported due to the lack of appropriate tool for rapid screening in clinical practice. Assessment of intraplatelet protein phosphorylation
through flow cytometry would provide this opportunity.
Aims: To develop a rapid and sensitive assay for the detection of platelet signaling defects.
Methods: We screened 4 key phosphoproteins, Akt, LimK, P38MAPK and SLP76, involved in platelet activation downstream of
PAR1, P2Y12, TPa, and GpVI. Citrated platelet rich plasma was incubated for 5 and 15 min in non-aggregating conditions with buffer
(base) or thrombin receptor activating peptide, adenosine diphosphate, U46619 or the collagen-related peptide before fixation and permeabilisation. After platelet labelling with a mix of barcoding dyes
Alexa fluor 488 and 405 in variable proportions, platelet preparations
were pooled and incubated with primary mAbs against phosphoproteins. Secondary antibody conjugated to Alexa fluor 647 was added
before analysis by flow cytometry (BD LSR Fortessa). Platelets were
gated on their scatter properties and 5.105 events were analysed per
sample for median fluorescence intensity (MFI).
Results: Reference values were established in 30 healthy donors. A
characteristic profile with the 4 phosphoproteins was established for
each agonist. Selected signaling proteins were phosphorylated, but at
different extent, downstream of all receptors, except SLP76, specifi-
cally phosphorylated downstream of GpVI. MFI ratios (activated/

base) varied between 2 and 4. Specificity was validated by pharmacological inhibitors and analysis of patients with defective receptors. We
currently apply the technique to patients with family bleeding history
and unidentified thrombopathy.
Conclusion: The multiplex technique allows a rapid and quantitative
assessment of platelet signaling on a small volume of blood (5 ml),
providing a tool for orienting investigations by biochemical and
molecular approaches.
PO424-TUE
Thioredoxin reductase protects platelets from cell
death
Harper MT
Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge,
Cambridge, UK
Background: Thioredoxin reductase (TRXR) is an important part of
the cellular antioxidant defences that maintain intracellular proteins in
their reduced state. Auranofin, a gold-based TRXR inhibitor, has been
previously used in arthritis. Recently auranofin and other inhibitors of
the thioredoxin system have been proposed as novel anti-cancer therapies.
Aims: To determine whether TRXR is an important platelet antioxidant defence.
Methods: Phosphatidylserine exposure in washed platelets was
detected by annexin V binding. Intracellular ROS and Ca2 + were
monitored by CM-H2DCFDA and fluo-2 fluorescence, respectively.
Results: TRXR activity was detected in unstimulated platelets and
could be completely inhibited by auranofin. Following prolonged
treatment with auranofin, platelets showed several features of cell
death, including an inability to aggregate in response to thrombin,
leakage of lactate dehydrogenase, and surface exposure of phosphatidylserine. Auranofin increased platelet reactive oxygen species production and intracellular calcium concentration. DTT, a sulfydyl reducing
agent, and BAPTA-AM, which chelates intracellular calcium, prevented auranofin-induced phosphatidylserine exposure.
Conclusion: TRXR is an important antioxidant defence in unstimulated platelets. TRXR inhibition by auranofin triggers oxidative stress
and disrupts intracellular calcium homeostasis, leading to platelet
death. There is increasing interest in the development of inhibitors of
the TRXR-TRX system in new clinical situations, for example as
novel anti-cancer agents. However, the important role of TRXR in
protecting platelets means that disruption of this system could lead to
unwanted side-effects in platelet count or function.
PO425-TUE
A novel mutation in NBEAL2 gene causing gray
platelet syndrome
Cao L, Wang Z, Bai X, Li J, Xia L and Ruan C
Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of
Soochow University, suzhou, China
Background: Gray platelet syndrome (GPS) is a rare inherited bleeding
diathesis characterized by large dysfunctional, agranular platelets that
appear gray on Wright-stained peripheral blood smears. The NBEAL2
and GFI1B have been identified to be the causal genes of GPS. Up to
date, there were a few articles had been reported.
Aims: To investigate the clinical characters of a GPS patient and
explore her molecular mechanisms.
ABSTRACTS
Methods: The morphology of platelets was analysized by light and
transmission electron microscopy. Platelet aggregation was studied on
a turbidometric platelet aggregometer (Chronolog) and the expression
of platelet membrane GPs was investigated by flow cytometry. Exome
sequencing analysis and Sanger analysis of NBEAL2 gene were performed.
Results: The patient was a 22-year-old female and suffered from severe
bleeding episodes and thrombocytopenia. Her parents are consanguineous marriage and there was no similar history in her family members.
The patients peripheral blood smear showed large platelets (about 35 lm in diameter) with a complete absence of granules, and electron
microscopy demonstrated absence of a-granules and her patients
showed variable size of blood platelets with normal granules. Platelet
aggregation studies showed lower responses to ADP, epinephrine, collagen, thrombin and U46619, but normal to Ristocetin. The expression of GPIb, GPIIb and GPIIIa on the patients platelet surface was
normal even higher than healthy control. Exome sequencing analysis
of the patient identified a C?A homozygous nonsense mutation at
position 27713 in NBEAL2 that introduced a stop codon (E1726ter).
The pathogenetic mutation were confirmed by Sanger analysis of
NBEAL2 gene and her parents and her two relatives were confirmed
to be heterozygous for the mutation.
Conclusion: We reported a GPS patient and identified a new homozygous C27713A mutation in NBEAL2 gene leading to E1726ter.
Platelet disorders, inherited /

acquired II
PO426-TUE
Validation of the Self-PBQ (self-administered pediatric
bleeding questionnaire) as a screening tool for a new
diagnosis of Von Willebrand Disease (VWD)
Tuttle A1, Grabell J1, Bae S1, Moorehead P2, Blanchette V3, Wu J4,
Steele M5, Klaassen RJ6, Silva MP1, Rand ML3 and James PD1
1
Queens University, Kingston; 2Janeway Child Health and
Rehabilitation Centre, St. Johns; 3The Hospital for Sick Children,
Toronto; 4The Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver;
5
Alberta Childrens Hospital, Alberta; 6Childrens Hospital of
Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Canada
Background: Expert-administered pediatric bleeding assessment tools
have been developed and prospectively validated for the diagnosis of
VWD.
Aims: To validate a self-/parent-administered PBQ as a screening tool
for a new diagnosis of VWD.
Methods: Children referred to a pediatric hematologist, for the first
time, for symptoms of bleeding or bruising, and/or a positive family
history of an inherited bleeding disorder (IBD), and/or prior to procedures or surgery for the investigation of a possible bleeding disorder
were eligible.
Children were excluded if they had a known diagnosis of an IBD or if
there was evidence of an acquired bleeding disorder such as immune
thrombocytopenia, hepatic or renal dysfunction, or problems with
English or literacy were identified. The study was approved by each of
the local ethics committees, and after informed consent/assent was
obtained at the initial clinic visit, subjects completed the Self-PBQ
prior to meeting with their hematologist.
Hemostatic testing was performed regardless of the resulting bleeding
score (BS) (positive BS >/= 2).
Results: To date, 131 subjects (68% female) have been recruited from 5
bleeding disorder clinics, with a mean age of 10 years (range 018),
VWF:Ag of 0.84 IU mL1 (range 0.122.13), VWF:RCo of
0.77 IU mL1 (range 0.032.22) and FVIII level of 0.98 (0.012.57).
661
The most common reported symptoms include epistaxis, bruising, oral

cavity bleeding, and bleeding after surgery.
Hemostatic testing revealed 16 VWD diagnoses (median BS 5, range
010), and 14 other IBD diagnoses (median BS 5, range 010); testing
was normal in 89 children (median BS 4, range 015) and 12 are still
under investigation. Therefore, for VWD, the Self-PBQ has a sensitivity = 88%, specificity = 40%, PPV = 0.21, and NPV = 0.95.
Conclusion: The Self-PBQ may be a useful screening tool in the evaluation of bleeding symptoms in children presenting for the first time to a
hematologist, and will improve clinic efficiency by decreasing the burden of an expert-administered questionnaire.
Disclosure of Interest: A. Tuttle: None declared, J. Grabell: None
declared, S. Bae: None declared, P. Moorehead: None declared, V.
Blanchette: None declared, J. Wu: None declared, M. Steele: None
declared, R. Klaassen Consultant for: Novartis, Celgene, M. Silva:
None declared, M. Rand: None declared, P. James Grant/Research
Support from: CSL Behring, Bayer, Octapharma, Consultant for: CSL
Behring, Octapharma.
PO427-TUE
Family history of venous thromboembolism in the
paediatric population: the need for a standardized
definition
Hau A1, Wegener E1, Monagle P1, Revel-Vilk S2 and Ignjatovic V3
1
Royal Childrens Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; 2HadassahHebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; 3Murdoch
Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is an important issue in
tertiary care paediatrics. A positive family history is universally agreed
to be an independent risk factor for VTE that may or may not reflect
an underlying hereditary disorder. However, there is no clear standardized definition of what constitutes a positive family history.
Aims: We aim to assess current published definitions of positive family
history as a risk factor for VTE in the paediatric population. We will
ascertain if any consensus exists.
Methods: We conducted a literature review through two major databases PUBMED and EMBASE (19692014). Two different search
statements were used along with criteria selection for each database to
maximize the number of relevant results, giving rise to 399 non-duplicated papers.
Results: of the 399 papers, approximately 50% were not relevant to
this study, while the remaining articles demonstrated more than 10
separate definitions on what constitutes a positive family history. Variation in definitions were related to the closeness of kinship (first or second degree relatives), whether thrombosis were provoked or
unprovoked, the age of presentation of thrombosis in the kinship, and
the type of thrombosis (arterial, venous, CNS, myocardial etc.). Of the
definitions, 1st degree relative/s developing VTE at any age whether
provoked or unprovoked, was the most commonly described definition.
Conclusion: According to this literature review, the definition of a positive family history is non-standardized amongst current published
papers. To enable accurate comparisons across studies and improve
clinical risk assessment, we therefore propose the need for a standardized definition of what constitutes a positive family history.
662
ABSTRACTS
PO428-TUE
Initial dose of enoxaparin in neonates with thrombosis
Hepner M1, Sciuccati G1, Cervio C1, Pieroni G1, Annetta SE1,
~a D2, Frontroth JP1, Diaz L1, Torres AF1 and Bonduel M1
Farin
1
Laboratorio de Hemostasia y Trombosis Servicio de Hematologa
y Oncologa; 2Servicio Neonatologa, Hospital de Pediatra Prof.
Dr. Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Background: Enoxaparin is used in the prophylaxis and treatment of
thrombosis in neonates. Although ACCP 2012 guidelines recommend
an initial dose of 1.5 mg kg1 q12 h in patients (pts) <2 month, multiple dose adjustments are required to achieve therapeutic range (TR)
(anti-Xa level:0.51.0 U mL1).
Aims: To determine the enoxaparin dose required to achieve TR in
neonates with thrombosis. To establish whether increasing the initial
dose of enoxaparin influenced the time required to achieve the TR
without an increase in adverse events.
Methods: Before and after study. From Jan 2004 to Feb 2010, an
exploratory retrospective analysis of 20 pts who were treated with enoxaparin (Clexane) at an initial dose of 1.5 mg kg1 q12 h and
achieved TR within the neonatal period was carried out.
From Mar 2010 to Nov 2014, 41 neonates with thrombosis were consecutively recorded. Based on the retrospective analysis, the initial
dose was change to 2.0 mg kg1 q12 h and was prospectively evaluated.
Pts with chylothorax or renal failure were excluded for both evaluations. Continuous variables are expressed as median (range).
Results: The retrospective analysis included 20 pts (8F/12M),
age:18 day (128), gestational age (GE): 38w (3442), birth weight
(BW): 3.2 kg (1.24.8), thrombosis: venous (VT):14, arterial (ArT):5,
auricular (AU):1, dose required to achieve TR: 1.9 mg kg1 q12 h
(1.53.2), anti-Xa levels at the first control:0.24 U mL1 (<0.11.0),
time to TR: 3 days (17).
After intervention, 29/41 pts who met the criteria were analyzed: 11F/
18M, age: 18 day (328), GE: 38w (3442), BW: 3.0 kg (1.44.4),
VT:18, ArT:6, AU:5; dose required to achieve TR: 2.4 mg kg1 q12 h
(1.73.6), anti-Xa levels at the first control: 0.44 U mL1 (<0.10.74),
time to TR: 1 day (13) (P = 0.0776).
Conclusion: Most of the neonates required a higher initial dose of enoxaparin than the currently recommended.
Increasing the initial dose to 2.0 mg kg1 q12 h allowed the reduction
of both the time taken to achieve TR and the number of vascular
punctures needed to adjust the dose. No major bleeding events were
observed.
PO429-TUE
Skin necrosis and purpura fulminans in children with
and without thrombophilia a tertiary centers
experience
Fruchtman Y1, Strauss T2, Rubinstein M3, Harosh MB4, RevelVilk S5, Kapelushmik J4, Paret G3 and Kenet G6
1
Pediatric Emergency Department, Soroka Medical Center, beer
sheba; 2Thrombosis Unit, National Hemophilia Center,
Neonatology Department, Safra Childrens Hospital, Sheba
Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of
Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; 3Department of
Critical Care, Safra Childrens Hospital, Tel Hashomer, affiliated
to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv,
Israe, ramat gan; 4The Pediatric Hematology/Oncology
department, Soroka Medical Center, Beer Sheba; 5The Pediatric
Hematology/Oncology department, Hadassah Hebrew University
Medical Center, Jerusalem; 6Thrombosis Unit, National
Hemophilia Center, Tel Hashomer, affiliated to the Sackler
Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israe, Ramat
Gan, Israel
Background: Purpura fulminans (PF) is a very rare clinicopathologic
skin disorder comprised of dermal microvascular thrombosis associated with perivascular hemorrhage of multiple origin. It may occur as
the presenting symptom of severe congenital deficiency of protein C
(PC) or protein S (PS) during the newborn period, or later in life following oral anticoagulant therapy with vitamin K antagonists, or of
sepsis that may be associated with disseminated intravascular coagulation. Treatment consists of anticoagulants and PC concentrates during
acute episodes. We report our experience in the diagnosis and management of pediatric PF.
Aims: We report our experience in the diagnosis and management of
pediatric PF.
Methods: The medical records of the six children aged 216 years
(median 5 years) who presented with PF to our tertiary care center
between 1996 and 2013 were studied.
Results: The thrombophilia workup revealed either the presence of
congenital homozygous PC deficiency, pro-thrombotic polymorphisms
(Factor V Leiden and FIIG20210A heterozygosity), acquired PC/PS
deficiency, or no discernible thrombophilia. The skin necrosis resolved
following conservative fresh-frozen plasma/anticoagulant therapy in
two cases, while three children required interventional plastic surgery.
The sixth case, a 10-year-old child with severe PC deficiency, heterozygous factor V Leiden and FIIG20210A, received recombinant activated protein C.
Conclusion: PF in childhood is rare and has multiple etiologies. Understanding of the variable pathogenesis and risk factors will facilitate
diagnosis and appropriate clinical management.
PO430-TUE
Incidence rate and risk factors of venous
thromboembolism in Asian pediatric oncology patients
Ong WMM1, Foo KM1, Lam JCM2 and Loke MY1
1
Pharmacy; 2Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Service, KK
Womens and Childrens Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is associated with mortality and significant morbidity in the pediatric population. Cancer is a
known predisposing factor of VTE, with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
(ALL) being the most reported. Currently, data is lacking on the incidence rate and risk factors of VTE in the Asian pediatric oncology
population.
ABSTRACTS
Aims: This study aims to evaluate the incidence rate and potential risk
factors for the development of VTE in the Asian pediatric oncology
population in KK Womens and Childrens Hospital (KKH), Singapore.
Methods: This retrospective, single institutional, cohort study was performed in patients with cancer between ages 018 years diagnosed and
treated in KKH from January 2007 to November 2014. The patient
population was identified from the Singapore Childhood Cancer Registry. Patients who had VTE or received anticoagulant therapy prior
to cancer diagnosis and those with tumor thrombus were excluded.
Demographics and clinical data of patients were retrieved from electronic databases. The risk factors of VTE for all patients and for the
ALL subgroup were determined using univariate analyses.
Results: Out of the 837 patients reviewed, 21 patients had VTE, which
accounts for a cumulative incidence rate of 2.5%. Among the 199
ALL patients, 10 developed VTE (cumulative incidence rate of 5.0%).
The age group of 10 to 18 years was found to be associated with the
development of VTE with an odds ratio of 7.86 (95% CI = 3.0020.5)
and 13.4 (95% CI = 3.2755.0) in the cohort and in the ALL patient
subgroup, respectively. Other patient demographics such as gender
and ethnicity were not associated with VTE development. All of the
ALL patients with VTE received E. coli asparaginase and 90.0%
developed VTE during induction phase.
Conclusion: Incidence rate of VTE in pediatric oncology patients in
KKH is low. The age group of 10 to 18 years was identified to be a
potential risk factor of VTE in our Asian pediatric oncology cohort, as
well as in our ALL patient subgroup.
PO431-TUE
Clinical features, risk factors and outcome of
pulmonary embolism in children admitted to a single
academic center in S~
ao Paulo Brazil: lots to learn or
ready to teach?
Carneiro JDA, Celeste D, Sequeira FS and Odone-Filho V
Department of Pediatrics, Instituto da Crianca Hospital das
Clnicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S~
ao
Paulo, S~ao Paulo, Brazil
Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a morbid and lethal
complication reported in pediatric tertiary centers (PTC) of developed
countries. Pulmonary embolism (PE) is considered rare in children,
being under-recognized and seldom suspected by pediatricians.
Aims: To describe the epidemiology of children diagnosed with PE at a
PTC of a developing country.
Methods: A retrospective review of patients treated between January/
2012 and December/2014 including: demographics, presenting symptoms, risk factors, treatment and outcomes was conducted.
Results: Nine children (5 males) aged 11 days to 16.9 years (median
age:13.8 years [CI95%:7.216.8y]) were identified (incidence:6.0/
10,000 admissions). Three patients (30%) also had deep vein thrombosis. Symptoms comprised shortness of breath (78%), pleuritic chest
pain (33%) and acute cardiovascular collapse (22%). Underlying diseases included nephrotic syndrome (22%), malignancy (22%), arteriovenous malformation (11%) and myopathy (11%). Risk factors were
immobility (44%), infection (44%), catheter (44%), recent surgery
(22%) and obesity (11%). Seven patients (78%) had 2 risk factors
for VTE. Diagnostic imaging modalities included computerized
tomography pulmonary angiography (67%), echocardiography (22%)
and magnetic resonance angiography (11%). Seven patients (78%)
were treated with enoxaparin without hemorrhagic complications.
One treated patient died of progressive cardio-respiratory failure. Two
patients did not receive antithrombotic treatment due to their critical
clinical condition and died.
663
Conclusion: Shortness of breath, underlying disease, immobility, infection, catheter and recent surgery are important clues for early recognition of PE in children with the aim of reducing mortality. In addition
our data reinforce the urgent need for studies to implement risk-based
guidelines for thromboprophylaxis in hospitalized children in order to
improve the survival.
PO432-TUE
An international survey regarding management of
coagulopathy in children undergoing liver biopsy
Magnusson M1, Fischler B2, Hardikar W3 and Monagle P4
1
MMK, CLINTEC, Karolinska Institutet; 2CLINTEC, Department of
Pediatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Astrid Lindgren Childrens
Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden;
3
Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Department
of Gastroenterology, Royal Childrens Hospital; 4Department of
Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Haematology Research,
Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Department of Clinical
Haematology, Royal Childrens Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
Background: Many children with liver disease need to undergo liver
biopsy for diagnostic purposes or in the assessment of known liver disease. Haemostatic disturbances are common in children with liver disease, including reduced levels of both pro-and anticoagulant factors
secondary to a diminished synthetic capacity of the liver. Studies
focusing on the impact of coagulopathy on the risk of bleeding complications in the context of pediatric liver biopsy are sparse. There are no
evidence-based guidelines regarding management of coagulopathy in
children undergoing liver biopsy. Our hypothesis is that pediatric
patients with coagulopathy and a strong indication for liver biopsy are
managed differently in different centers for pediatric hepatology.
Aims: The aim is to study how children with liver disease and coagulopathy are evaluated and if pro-haemostatic treatment is used prior to
liver biopsy, in different pediatric hepatology centers in Australia, Europe and North America.
Methods: A survey regarding management of coagulopathy in children
with liver disease in the setting of liver biopsy is produced and sent to
15 centers for pediatric hepatology in Australia, Europe and North
America.
Results: The results of the survey will provide information on current
coagulation testing, cut-off levels for coagulation factors, liver biopsy
methods, treatment options and outcome regarding liver biopsy in recognized centers for pediatric hepatology.
Conclusion: This study will provide important background data for the
development of new guidelines on management of liver biopsies in
children with liver disease and coagulopathy. The study may also identify important regimens regarding coagulation testing and treatment
that can be studied in future clinical trials.
664
ABSTRACTS
PO433-TUE
Evaluation of thrombophilia in children before renal
transplant and outcome of prophylactic
anticoagulation post-transplant
Carneiro JDA1, Watanabe A1, Koch VHK1, Schvartsman BGS1,
Garanito MP1, Messi GB2, Nahas WC2 and DAmico EA3
1
Department of Pediatrics, Instituto da Crianca Hospital das
Clnicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S~ao
Paulo; 2Division of Urology; 3Division of Hematology, Hospital
das Clnicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S~
ao
Paulo, S~ao Paulo, Brazil
Background: Renal graft thrombosis is a serious early complication of
renal transplantation in children. In addition acquired and inherited
disorders of clotting system may increase the risk of thrombosis. The
role of inherited thrombophilia as an independent risk factor in children is controversial and many reports recommend prophylactic anticoagulation.
Aims: To evaluate the presence of thrombophilia and the outcome of
anticoagulation post-renal transplant in children.
Methods: From December 2010 to December 2014 children with end
stage renal disease were prospectively evaluated for acquired (prior
DVT, prior allograft thrombosis, antiphospholipid antibodies) and
inherited (antithrombin, protein S or C deficiency; mutations FV
G1691A and FII G20210A) risk of thrombosis. Patients were classified
as having high risk of thrombosis if presented the acquired or inherited
risk factors above. We administered prophylactic post-transplant
intravenous heparin (10 U kg1 h1) within the first 24 h and
observed the impact of this intervention upon the incidence of allograft thrombosis. Statistics:v2-test.
Results: Twenty two children (13 male), median age 9.0 years (range:
3.016.6 y; CI95%: 6.411.4 y) were studied. All were classified as having high risk of thrombosis 18 due to prior DVT and 4 due to prior
allograft thrombosis. Three patients also presented inherited thrombophilia 2 PS deficiency and 1 FII G20210A mutation (high risk vs
inherited thrombophilia P = 0.68). Eighteen received prophylactic
heparin without thrombosis, 4 did not receive heparin due to surgical
reasons and 1 patient without prophylaxis had allograft thrombosis
(P < 0.03). One patient had severe bleeding resulting of an unintentional high dosage of heparin.
Conclusion: The diagnosis of inherited thrombophilia did not impact
the risk classification or the outcome in this cohort of patients. Longterm allograft function has been achieved in all patients that received
prophylaxis with heparin.
PO434-TUE
Determining the usability of the pediatric thrombosis
educational tool (P-TET) in children receiving
anticoagulation therapy
Montoya MI1, Brand~
ao LR1, Cassis FR2, Stinson J3 and
2
Carneiro JDA
1
Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada;
2
Hemophilia Center, HCFMUSP, S~
ao Paulo, Brazil; 3Nursing
Research, Centre for Nursing, The Hospital for Sick Children,
Toronto, ON, Canada
Background: Venous thrombosis is fast growing in children. Despite its
increasing prevalence worldwide, there is still a lack of awareness on
how to care for children on anticoagulants, particularly where a pediatric anticoagulation (AC) clinic is missing.
Aims: To develop an easy to use and understand bilingual (English,
Portuguese) pediatric thrombosis educational tool (PTET) for children
on AC for 3 months.
Methods: PTET included 21 cards with short corresponding written

explanations for children grouped into 5 domains (vascular anatomy,
clotting process, recognition of clotting events, AC management, and
AC side-effects). Content validity was tested in 5 iterative cycles conducted in 2 tertiary centers [S~ao Paulo, Brazil (BR, initial 3 cycles) and
Toronto, Canada (CA, last 2 cycles)]. Ease of understanding for visual
(V)/written (W) content was evaluated in a 05 Likert scale. Time to
complete PTET was compared among cycles within countries and
between countries (Kruskal-Wallis or Wilcoxon test, as appropriate),
and correlated to AC duration (Spearman r). Ethics approval and
informed consents were obtained.
Results: Thirty children (BR: n = 15, CA: n = 15) were recruited (median age: 10.5 years, IQR: 3.7; median AC duration: 14.4 months; IQR:
51). Overall, the mean V/W understanding scores were 4.43 and 4.81
(BR V/W 4.43/4.81; CA 4.43/4.82). Time (minutes) to complete V/W
evaluations varied by cycle (BRV 1st 41.5/2nd 50/3rd 40, P = 0.23;
CAV 4th 12.5/5th 10, P = 0.24; BRW 26.5/22/19, P = 0.03; CAW 24/
24, P = 0.72), and by country (BRV 42 vs. CAV 23, P = 0.001; BRW 24
vs. CAW 24, P = 0.57). There was a moderate correlation between time
to complete W task and AC duration (r = 0.44, P = 0.018), but not V
task (r = 0.27, P = 0.17).
Conclusion: Our results confirm the ease of understanding of PTET in
children on AC for 3 months. Subsequent testing will be conducted
to evaluate the potential impact on compliance and effectiveness of
AC in children, particularly in underserved areas.
PO435-TUE
Rare laboratory presentation of type IIB von
Willebrands disease in a 6 year old boy
Regan IE1, Lyons M1, ORourke M1, Philbin BC1, Jenkins VP2 and
Nolan B3
1
Coagulation/Haematology, Our Ladys Childrens Hospital,
Crumlin; 2National Centre for Hereditary Coagulation Disorders,
St Jamess Hospital; 3Haematology, Our Ladys Childrens
Hospital Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
Background: A 6 year old boy was referred to the Coagulation Clinic
at Our Ladys Childrens Hospital Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland, with a
clinical history of bruising.
Aims: To identify the presence or absence of a congenital bleeding disorder in this patient.
Methods: Initial diagnostic laboratory investigations for a suspected
congenital bleeding disorder included PT,APTT,fibrinogen and platelet function screening (PFA),FVIII:C,VWF antigen (VWF:Ag), von
Willebrand factor activity (VWF:RCo),collagen binding assay (VWF:
CB) and full blood count (FBC). Further investigations were subsequently performed on freshly collected samples including repeat VWD
screening, ristocetin induced platelet agglutination (RIPA),multimers
and VWF genetics studies.
Results: There was no evidence to support a diagnosis of VWD from
initial investigations. PT = 12.4 seconds (s) and APTT = 34.4 s with a
normal fibrinogen (2.47 g L1). FVIII:C = 76 iu dL1, VWF:Ag = 68
iu dL1, VWF:RCo = 64 iu dL1 and VWF:CB = 68 iu dL1. These
results were consistent on repeat testing. PFA screening was abnormal
COLL/EPI = 144s and COLL/ADP = 160s. RIPA performed at ristocetin concentrations of 1.25 and 0.5 mg mL1 demonstrated an
increased sensitivity to Ristocetin at 0.5 mg mL1. Mixing tests ruled
out platelet type IIB VWD. Multimer analysis was normal. Genetic
studies identified a c.3797C>T mutation on exon 28 VWF gene which
substitutes Proline by Leucine and is associated with VWD type IIB
New York and type IIB Malm
o.
Conclusion: A comprehensive repertoire of diagnostic assays routinely
performed to identify VWD failed to detect the VWF abnormality in
this patient. This case highlights the importance of clinical history in
ABSTRACTS
considering and identifying patients where further investigation may
be warranted to elucidate a rare bleeding disorder when an initial
extensive diagnostic assessment is normal. This case also illustrates the
pivotal role of platelet and genetics studies in the confirmation of type
IIB VWD diagnosis in this patient. Mutation analysis is warranted
where RIPA is enhanced.
PO436-TUE
Synergistic effect of elevated lipoprotein (a) levels with
inherited thrombophilia risk factors in children with
arterial ischemic stroke
Herak DC1, Krleza JL2, Topic RZ3, Antolic MR1, Horvat I1,
Milos M1, Djuranovic V4 and Zadrio R1,5
1
Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital
Centre Zagreb; 2Department of Laboratory Diagnostics,
Childrens Hospital Zagreb; 3Department of Laboratory
Diagnosis, Special Hospital for Respiratory Diseses in Children
and Adolescents; 4Department of neuropediatrics, Childrens
Hospital Zagreb; 5Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Zagreb,
Croatia
Background: Elevated lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] has been identified as a
genetically determined risk factor for stroke in young adults. Recently,
Sultan et al. (Int J Stroke 2014;9:7987) has also demonstrated a significant positive association between Lp(a) and arterial ischemic stroke
(AIS) in children, whereas Kenet et al. (Circulation 2010;21:183847)
showed the highest odds ratio for combined genetic traits in first AIS
onset.
Aims: The aim was to investigate whether elevated Lp(a) levels are
more frequently asssociated with already known inherited thrombophilia risk factors in children with a confirmed diagnosis of AIS.
Methods: Study population comprised 61 children with AIS (perinatal
n = 30, childhood n = 31). Lp(a) concentration was determined using
a Tina-quant Lipoprotein(a) assay on Cobas c501 (Roche Diagnostics,
Switzerland). Genotype analysis of FV Leiden, FV HR2, FII
G20210A, b-fibrinogen 455G>A, FXIII-A Val34Leu, PAI-1 4G/5G,
MTHFR C677T, MTHFR A1298C, ACE I/D, and apoE e2-4 was
performed using a multilocus genotyping assay (CVD Strip Assay, ViennaLab, Austria). Human platelet alloantigens 1, 2, 3 and 5
were detected by ASO-PCR (Kl
uter et al. Vox Sang 1996;71:1215).
Results: Children with AIS were divided into Lp(a) positive group
(>0.3 g L1) consisting of 16 (26%) children (median: 0.62 g L1),
and Lp(a) negative group (<0.3 g L1) consisting of 45 (74%) children
(median: 0.09 g L1). Elevated Lp(a) levels were statistically significantly associated with homozygosity for MTHFR A1298C
(P = 0.036) and apo e2e3 genotype (P = 0.024). Unexpectedly, none
of 7 identified FV Leiden carriers and 3 FV Leiden/FV HR2 heterozygotes were in the Lp(a) positive group, but their frequency was not
statistically significant (P = 0.174 and P = 0.556, respectively).
Conclusion: Among investigated inherited thrombophilia risk factors
elevated Lp(a) levels may suggest synergistic effect with MTHFR
1298CC and apo e2e3 genotype and possible increased risk for AIS
onset.
665
PO437-TUE
The role of FVR2 polymorphism in children carriers of
FVLeiden
Kapsimali Z, Pergantou H, Komitopoulou A and Platokouki H
Haemophilia Center/Haemostasis Unit, Aghia Sophia
Childrens Hospital, Athens, Greece
Background: FVLeiden (FVL) has been identified as a risk factor for
thrombosis. Another haplotype of the factor V gene (FVR2) has been
considered to interact synergically with FVL to increase the risk. Nevertheless, it has been discussed in literature that the FVR2 polymorphism might have a protective effect for thrombosis.
Aims: The effect of FVR2 in combination with the presence/absence of
FVL in children with or without thrombosis.
Methods: The significance of the differences in the distributions of
FVL, FVR2 and their combinations among normal controls (n = 103)
and children with thrombosis (n = 210, 60.47% CNS arterial thrombosis) and without thrombosis but with family history of FVL thrombophilia (n = 170) were checked with the 95% confidence intervals
(CI) of the corresponding odds ratios (OR). All studied samples were
processed according to the CVD Strip Assay T, Vienna Lab, Austria
manufacture protocol (DNA isolation, PCR amplification, hybridization of amplification products to a test strip containing allele specific
oligonucleotide probes).
Results: The proportion of homozygous/heterozygous state of FVL
amongst children with thrombosis (13.9%) is significantly higher than
among normal controls (4.9%, OR = 3.1, 95% CI 1.88.4) and even
among children with family history of FVL thrombophilia (7.1%,
OR = 2.1, 95% CI 1.04.3). Conversely the proportion of the wild
type of FVR2 amongst children with thrombosis (89.8%) is significantly higher than among normal controls (82.6%, OR = 0.5, 95% CI
0.20.9). A total OR of 5.0 (95% CI 1.615.5) of heterozygous/homozygous state of FVL and the wild type of FVR2 in comparison to the
wild type of FVL and to the heterozygous/homozygous state of FVR2
was found.
Conclusion: There is an additive risk effect for thrombosis by the coincident presence of homozygous/heterozygous state of FVL and of the
wild type of FVR2. Therefore, the FVR2 polymorphism could have a
protective role in children with FVL mutation.
PO438-TUE
Whole blood thromboelastometry (ROTEM) profiles
in children with cyanotic congenital heart diseases
undergoing cardiac surgery
Spiezia L1, Vida V2, Bortolussi G2, Marchetti M2, Campello E1,
Pittarello D1, Di Gregorio G1, Stellin G2 and Simioni P1
1
Department of Medicine; 2Pediatric and Congenital Cardiac
Surgery Unit Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular
Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
Background: Cyanotic heart disease is characterized by a complex dyscoagulopathy that increases both the thrombotic and the hemorrhagic
risk in children undergoing cardiac surgery. It is known that the classic
coagulation tests are unable to predict the thrombotic or bleeding risk
after complex cardiac surgical corrections.
Aims: To evaluate the use of whole blood thromboelastometry (ROTEM) in children with congenital heart disease (CHD).
Methods: Standard coagulation tests and ROTEM assays were performed on 81 consecutive paediatric patients who underwent surgery
for CHD. 21 (26%) patients were cyanotic and 60 (74%) non-cyanotic.
Mean age at surgery was 7.9 months (range 1 day16 years).
Results: Cyanotic patients had a significantly higher hematocrit
(P < 0.001), a reduced prothrombin activity (PT %, P = 0.01) and
666
ABSTRACTS
lower platelets count (P = 0.02) than non cyanotic patients. An inverse

linear association was found between Clot Formation Time (CFT) and
SATO2 (INTEM, P = 0.001 and EXTEM, P < 0.0001), and also
between CFT and preoperative platelets count (INTEM, P = 0.0005
and EXTEM, P = 0.0003). A direct linear association was found
between Maximum Clot Firmness (MCF) and patients SATO2
(INTEM, P = 0.04 and EXTEM, P = 0.05). Preoperative cyanosis was
also associated with a lower median MCF in FIBTEM (P = 0.02). Cyanotic patients required more frequently postoperative transfusions of
fresh frozen plasma (P = 0.01) and fibrinogen (P = 0.0001). Pre-operative lower PT and platelets count were associated to an increased postoperative fibrinogen administration (P = 0.02 and P = 0.0001, respectively), a longer CFT (INTEM, P = 0.03 and EXTEM, P = 0.007) and
a reduced MCF (EXTEM, P = 0.01 and FIBTEM, P = 0.002).
Conclusion: ROTEM parameters add important specific preoperative
information to classic coagulation parameters in patients with CHD.
Cyanotic patients presented with preoperative coagulation anomalies
significantly requiring higher postoperative blood product supplementation.
PO439-TUE
The incidence of deep vein thrombosis in children with
peripherally inserted central catheters versus tunneled
centrally inserted catheters in pediatric patients: a
prospective cohort study
Jaffray J1, Dang K1, Vasquez B1, Boghossian J1, Zeinati C2,
Malvar J1 and Young G1
1
Division of Hematology/Oncology; 2Radiology, Childrens
Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck
School of Medicine, Los Angeles, USA
Background: The incidence of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in children has risen largely due to the increased use of central venous catheters (CVC). CVC are placed for venous access in children with serious
acute or chronic disorders, however it is not clear if the incidence of
CVC-related DVT is impacted by the type of catheter or insertion
technique. There are several varieties of CVC, but the two main types
are peripherally-inserted central catheters (PICC) and centrallyinserted tunneled lines (TL). Particular characteristics of the CVC,
such as insertion site, caliber, and intravascular course may alter the
risk for DVT.
Aims: With this IRB-approved, prospective observational cohort
study, we aim to compare the DVT incidence with various CVC types,
as well as evaluate risk factors (such as catheter insertion techniques
and underlying medical issues) for the development of CVC-related
DVT.
Methods: Subjects aged 6 months to <18 years, who either had a PICC
or TL placed were consented and followed up to 1 year or until a
DVT occurred. Data was collected from the electronic health record.
Results: The interim analysis includes 307 subjects with 356 lines. 161
(52%) of subjects were male. The median age was 5 years (IQR 0.5
17.9). There were 13 CVC-related DVT (3.7%), and 12 (92%) were in
subjects with PICC. Univariate analysis showed that PICC related
DVT had an increased hazards ratio of 8.7 (95% CI, 0.9876.9,
P = 0.01). Other significant variables included multiple CVC lumens
[HR=3.6 (95% CI, 1.1011.8), P = 0.04], and congenital heart disease
[HR = 4.9 (95% CI, 1.318.2), P = 0.04].
Conclusion: In this interim analysis, subjects with a PICC compared to
those with TL had a significantly increased risk for DVT. Other significant risk factors included the number of lumens and a history of congenital heart disease. Continued subject recruitment will occur in order
to complete the evaluation of the other proposed risk factors and to
conduct a multivariate analysis.
PO440-TUE
Benign joint hypermobility syndrome is prevalent in
children with undefined bleeding disorders
Steele M1, VanGunst S2, Odiaman L3, Poon M-C3 and Jackson S4
1
Section of Pediatric Hematology, Department of Pediatrics,
University of Calgary; 2Hematology, Oncology, and Transplant
Program, Alberta Childrens Hospital; 3Division of Hematology
and Hematologic Malignancies, Department of Medicine,
University of Calgary, Calgary; 4Department of Medicine, St
Pauls Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver,
Canada
Background: Many children followed in bleeding disorder clinics do
not have a defined diagnosis or have bleeding phenotypes with normal
test results. Disorders of collagen, presenting as joint hypermobility
syndromes, may contribute to bleeding phenotype in children but the
prevalence is unclear.
Aims: To apply the Benign Joint Hypermobility Syndrome (BJHS)
diagnostic criteria to children with von Willebrand disease (VWD) or
undefined bleeding disorders (UBD) and determine the prevalence of
hypermobility along with evaluation of joint hypermobility symptoms
(Brighton criteria) and its relation to the pediatric bleeding questionnaire scores (PBQ) and laboratory testing.
Methods: Consecutive patients with a diagnosis of VWD or UBD
(and/or parents) answered a self- administered questionnaire to determine the presence or absence of features consistent with symptomatic
joint hypermobility (Brighton criteria), diagnostic of BJHS. PBQ and
joint examination (Beighton Score) were administered. Historical laboratory tests were retrieved from medical records.
Results: 20 patients were enrolled (VWD n = 11; VWD T2 n = 1;
Undefined Platelet Defect n = 2; UBD n = 5; no bleeding disorder
n = 1). Median age was 12 years (range, 718) with an equal number
of males and females. PBQ score was 2 in 19 patients (median 5.5,
range 112). Joint hypermobility via the Beighton score (>4) was present in 3 patients, all 12 years of age. Four (20%) patients met criteria
for BJHS, and in those with UBD, 60% met BJHS criteria. BJHS
patients were either classified as undefined bleeding disorder (n = 3) or
undefined bleeding disorder/platelet defect (n = 1).
Conclusion: This is the first report of BJHS in a pediatric bleeding disorder cohort. The diagnosis of BJHS in children can be difficult as
younger children (<10 years) are recognized to have intrinsically
greater joint mobility. However, we found evidence of BJHS in older
children with UBD suggesting it is common and should be considered
during the diagnostic process.
PO441-TUE
Thromboembolic complication in childhood with
nephrotic syndrome: experience in three pediatric
hospital in Argentina
Martinez MS1, Morell D2, Arbesu G3, Calvo C3, Costa A1,
Hiratmasu E2, Gimenez V1 and Navarro R2
1
~os SM Ludovica, LA PLATA; 2Hospital Infantil
Hospital de Nin
Municipal, Cordoba; 3Hospital Pediatrico Humberto Notti,
Mendoza, Argentina
Background: Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is associated with an increased
risk for thromboembolic complication. Its incidence in children is
about 3%. The pathophysiology of thrombosis in the NS seems to be
multifactorial.
Aims: Thrombotic compliations in NS and risk factors.
Methods: A descriptive, retrospective study was made on pts diagnosed with NS who had thrombotic complications (TC) in 10 years in
3 pediatric institutions.
ABSTRACTS
Results: 11 pts diagnosed with NS had 13 TC. The median age at diagnosis was 7 years (216 years) 73% of them were steroid-dependent,
and 64% were male. The locations of the TC were varied: brain
(n = 3) arteria n = 1 venous sinus n = 2; lower limbs DVT (n = 7),
neck veins (n = 1) and intracardiac (n = 2). Diagnosis was confirmed
by color Doppler ultrasound, tomography and MR angiography.
100% of the children had hypoalbuminemia <2 g dL1 and proteinuria in the nephrotic range.
Hematologic alterations favoring thrombosis were: thrombocytosis in
55% (mean 427 9 109 L1), elevated fibrinogen in 9/11 (mean
800 mg dL1) and antithrombin dosing was performed on 9/11 ATIII
deficiency detected in 8/9.
Other associated risk factors were: central catheters (4 pts), Infections
(3 pts) also the use of diuretics, dehydration, and parenteral nutrition.
In 2 pts (1 pte with CNS and intracardiac thrombosis and 1 pte with
tr. Cerebral), were later diagnosed SLE. Thrombotic episodes were initially treated with UFH only in 2 pts and with LMWH in the others,
followed with oral anticoagulants (10/11). In a pts with intracardiac
thrombosis, thrombectomy was required. 4 ptes received extended prophylaxis for persistent risk factors. 3 ptes received prophylaxis treatment for relapses. There was no recurrence.
Conclusion: In children with NS, a high index of suspicion is required
for TC in order to institute an early treatment and get a favorable outcome. The use of antithrombotic prophylaxis during relapses should
be individualized according to association with risk factors such as
hypoalbuminemia and infections.
PO442-TUE
Acquired von Willebrand Syndrome (AVWS) an
underdiagnosed complication in severely ill pediatric
patients with bleeding complications
Wieland I and Sykora K-W
Padriatrische Hamatalogie und Onkologie, Medizinische
Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany
Background: Von Willebrand factor is a multimeric protein which is
required for platelet adhesion and plays an important role in haemostasis. Generally, acquired von Willebrand syndrome (aVWS) is associated with a recognizable underlying disorder. aVWS is reported with
a prevalence of 0.04 to 0.13%. According to the ISTH registry, lymphoproliferative (48%), cardiovascular (21%), myeloproliferative
(15%), other neoplastic (5%), and autoimmune disorders (2%) are
most common.
Aims: Acquired VWS seems to be an underdiagnosed condition in
pediatric patients.
Methods: We report the cases of critical ill paediatric patients with
severe bleeding who developed aVWS. Underlying disorders included
dyskeratosis congenita (two boys), posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disease (one girl), sepsis with multiorgan failure (two patients),
congenital heart failure with stenosis (3 boys), unknown immunodeficiency (one girl), and progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (one
boy).
Results: In most cases the treatment of bleeding was very difficult.
Conclusion: Acquired VWS seems to be an underdiagnosed condition
in critical ill paediatric patients. The most common causes of avWF in
children are cardiac valvular disease, hypothyroidism, and Wilms
tumor. Uraemia, lymphoma, microangiopathy can be further conditions. Therefore, if there is unexpected bleeding in a critically ill pediatric patient, aVWS should be suspected. Specific treatment can be a
challenge, however.
667
PO443-TUE
The impact of serum bile acid levels on the mRNA
expression of pro-and anticoagulant proteins in liver
tissue
lman C2, Fischler B3, Beijer E4, Arnell H5,
Magnusson M1, Ga
6
N
emeth A and Eggertsen G7
1
MMK, CLINTEC, Karolinska Institutet, Astrid Lindgren
Childrens Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital; 2LABMED,
Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Laboratory,
Karolinska University Hospital; 3CLINTEC, Department of
Pediatrics, Karolinska Institutet; 4CLINTEC, Department of
Pediatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Astrid Lindgren Childrens
Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital; 5MedS. Karolinska
Institutet, Astrid Lindgren Childrens Hospital; 6CLINITEC,
Department of Pediatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Astrid Lindgren
Childrens Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital; 7LABMED,
Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Laboratory,
Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
Background: Coagulation factors are used as prognostic markers in
liver disease, i.e. the levels are expected to decrease as the liver function
detoriates. However, in cholestatic liver disease, increased rather than
decreased levels of coagulation factors have been demonstrated in
patients with highly elevated levels of bile acids. The mechanism for
this paradoxical finding is unclear and these effects are overlooked
when coagulation factors are used as prognostic markers in patients
with cholestatic liver disease.
Aims: To investigate if serum bile acid levels have an impact on the
mRNA expression of pro-and anticoagulant proteins in hepatocytes.
Methods: Six patients (0.59.8 years) with progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC), who consecutively underwent the surgical
procedure partial external biliary diversion (PEBD) to reduce high
serum levels of bile acids, were enrolled in this cohort study at our tertiary referral center for pediatric hepatology. Informed consent was
obtained and the study was approved by the ethics committee. INR,
total fasting serum bile acids and liver biopsies were collected before
and after the procedure. Eight age-matched non-cholestatic patients
with a-1 antitrypsin deficiency, undergoing liver biopsy, served as controls. mRNA specific for coagulation factor II (FII), FV, FVII, fibrinogen, protein C and Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) were extracted and
analyzed for each liver biopsy.
Results: The mRNA levels of Factor V, Factor VII, the three fibrinogen chains and protein C were significantly higher compared to controls, prior to PEBD. A reduction in bile acids levels from median
298 lmol L1 (range 83687 lmol L1) to 4 lmol L1 (range 2
145 lmol L1) after PEBD was seen. The mRNA levels after the procedure did not differ from controls, except for Factor V-mRNA which
remained significantly higher than in the controls.
Conclusion: High levels of bile acids may stimulate the mRNA expression of both pro-and anticoagulant proteins.
PO444-TUE
Thrombomodulin gen analysis in a case of atypical
hemolytic-uremic syndrome
Noelia V1, Isabel T1, Jose M1, Immaculada C1, Biel C1, Jordi L-P1,
Gloria F2, Sonia B2, Carlos SJ1, Elisabet M-S1 and Jordi F1
1
Hematology Department; 2Pediatrics Department, Hospital De
La Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
Background: Atypical haemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) presents
the classic triad (microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia, thrombocytopenia and renal failure) in absence of secondary cause. Half of the
668
ABSTRACTS
patients with this form have mutations in genes that regulate the complement system. Mutations in the thrombomodulin gene have been
reported in 5% cases.
Aims: A 21 month- old female was admitted to emergency room with
5 days evolution fever. Physical examination revealed micropetechiae
at lower limbs and hepatomegalia. Laboratory parameters showed microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia, acute renal failure, thrombocytopenia, hyperferritinemia, hypofibrinogenemia, elevated D-dimer
concentration and 9% of ADAMTS-13 activity. Bone marrow examinations disclosed images of hemofagocytosis. With these clinical and
laboratory criteria the patient was diagnosed of atypical HUS and
macrophagic activation syndrome. The patient was initially treated
with immunoglobulins, high dose methylprednisolone and fresh frozen
plasma and finally with eculizumab. We observed a progressive recovery until the complete resolution of the episode.
Methods: We investigated thrombomodulin (THBD) mutations associated with the atypical HUS by Delvaeye et al. ABI3500 (Applied Biosystems) was used to Sanger sequence the regions of the gene
delimited by the the following primers: TM1F50 - GACGGAC
AGGAGAGGCTGT-30 and TM1R 50 - TGGTGTTGTTGTCTCC
CGTA-30 (437 bp, used for detecting A43T, D53G, V81 L mutations)
and TM2F 50 - GAAGGCTACATCCTGGACGA-30 and TM2R 50 GCAGCACTACCTCCTTGGAA-30 (406 bp, aimed to study P495S,
P501L and D486Y mutations).
Results: No mutations were found in the fragments sequenced of the
patient. In our patient, DNA fragments from THBD gene analysed by
direct sequencing do not show the described variations. We performed
the same analysis in a control group without findings.
Conclusion: The patient here discussed did not present described
THBD mutations. Next step will be sequencing of the entire THBD
gene to characterize candidate new variants.
PO445-TUE
Clinical characterization of venous thromboembolism
in childhood at a tertiary level hospital
Andreoni LL1, Pons V1, Olivera P1, Chavez C2, Cortina V1,
Marin A2, Bosch F2 and Santamara A1
1
Hemostasis and Thrombosis Unit; 2Hematology Department,
University Hospital Vall d Hebron., Barcelona, Spain
Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is rare among children
and clinical characteristics and risk factors differ from those of the
adult population. In the last few years, incidence has increased substantially due to intensified health care in critically ill patients.
Aims: To describe clinical characteristics and risk factors of VTE in
the pediatric population of a tertiary care center.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed among children diagnosed with VTE that were referred to the Thrombosis Unit over an 8year period. Subjects were classified in three groups: neonates (0
2 months), infants (2 month- 2 years) and children (2- 18 years).
Results: A total of 107 patients were included in the analysis. 74% of
cases were male and the age group distribution was 20% of neonates,
46% infants and 33% children. When analyzing all age groups the
most common clinical presentation was deep venous thrombosis
(67%), cerebral sinus thrombosis (17%), intrahepatic (6%), pulmonary embolism (5%) and renal vein (5%). Taking age classification
into account, the most frequent location in neonates and infants was
the vena cava (34% and 47% of cases respectively), and cerebral sinus
thrombosis in almost one-third of children (30%). 78% of events were
provoked and the most important risk factor in the neonates and
infants group was central venous catheter insertion and congenital
heart diseases (69%). Thrombophilia testing was performed in 33 cases
(31%), but most of them were not valuable.
Conclusion: As described in the literature, VTE in pediatric population

is mostly related with triggering factors and clinical presentation
depends on the age group. The increasing number of high complexity
procedures in congenital heart diseases and a generalized use of central
venous catheter in acute cure units in a tertiary hospital could influence in the high proportion of these patients.
PO446-TUE
Lets cut to the bone: risk factors of venous
thromboembolism in children with musculoskeletal
infections
Natesirinilkul R, Williams S, Allen U and Brandao LR
Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) has been described in
children with musculoskeletal infections (MSI). Yet, VTE predictors
and VTE association with adverse MSI outcomes are unknown.
Aims: To identify risk factors of VTE in children with MSI, and to
explore associations of VTE with MSI-related outcomes.
Methods: Patients (pts) aged 018 years diagnosed with acute
(2 weeks) or subacute/chronic MSI [clinical, imaging, and/or positive
cultures (CX+)] between 2006 and 2014 were included. VTE positive
(VTE+) cases were objectively confirmed. Data on VTE predictors
[clinical: shock, inotrope use, catheter (CVL) presence, CX+; biomarkers: platelet count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein
(CRP), white blood cell count], and MSI-morbidity (length of stay
(LOS), severe functional disturbance (SFD), death), were collected.
Ethics approval was obtained.
Results: Overall, 210 pts with MSI, mean (range) age 8.1 (118) years,
53% males, were identified. There were 187 (89%) osteomyelitis and
23 (11%) septic arthritis; 65% of pts had CX+ (45% methicillin-sensitive Staph. aureus).
VTE occurred in 11% of cases, at a median of 4 (1184) days after
MSI diagnosis, and mostly during acute MSI (87% vs. 13% subacute/
chronic, P = 0.06). Pelvis/lower limb combined was the most common
infection site (65%), similar to VTE distribution [lower limb (65%),
upper limb (30%), abdomen (5%)]. Around 40% of VTE+ cases were
CVL-related. Multivariable logistic regression showed that CX+ and
initial CRP were independent VTE predictors [odds ratio 10.2 (95%
CI 1.378.3) for CX+ vs. CX, P = 0.03; and 1.08 (95% CI 1.031.14)
for each 910-increase in initial CRP, P = 0.001]. Unfavorable MSI
outcomes were more commonly identified in patients with VTE [LOS
(VTE+ 24 days vs. VTE 12 days, P = 0.01); SFD (VTE+ 22% vs.
VTE- 6%, P = 0.02); VTE+ 1 death].
Conclusion: VTE occurred in 10% of MSI cases in children, mostly
during the acute phase. VTE appears to be a marker of disease severity, and its contributory role on MSI-related outcome needs to be further explored.
PO447-TUE
Feasibility and safety of enoxaparin whole milligram
dosing in premature and term neonates
Goldsmith R, Chan A and Bhatt M
Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, McMaster Childrens Hospital,
Background: Neonatal thromboembolism (TE) is commonly treated
with enoxaparin. To deliver weight-based dosing of enoxaparin, dilutions are often necessary and can lead to medication errors. Since
ABSTRACTS
2008, all neonates with TE are administered whole milligram doses of
enoxaparin via insulin syringe at our center.
Aims: The primary objective was to determine feasibility, defined by
the ability to achieve therapeutic anti-factor Xa (anti-Xa) levels (0.5
1.0 u mL1), and safety, measured by occurrence of bleeding episodes,
of whole milligram dosing of enoxaparin in premature and term neonates. The secondary objective was to assess response to treatment.
Methods: Medical records of neonates with TE treated between January, 2008 and December, 2014 were reviewed for demographics, details
of TE diagnosis, enoxaparin dosing and adjustments, anti-Xa levels
and bleeding episodes.
Results: Nineteen premature (<37 weeks, most premature 23.3 weeks
and 530 grams) and 21 term neonates were diagnosed with TE during
the study period (Arterial 6, Cardiac 4, CSVT 5, DVT 14, RVT 3,
PVT 14). Six patients had >1 TE. The mean starting and therapeutic
doses were 1.91 mg kg1 (premature 2.20 mg kg1, term
1.64 mg kg1) and 2.09 mg kg1 (premature 2.41 mg kg1, term
1.82 mg kg1), respectively. Among 39 neonates whose anti-Xa level
was checked, 25 (64%) reached therapeutic levels with starting dose,
while 14 (36%) required dose adjustments for a mean of 1.6 adjustments per patient. Only 1 term neonate reached initial supratherapeutic anti-Xa level >1.0 u mL1 (1.23 u mL1), while 4 premature and 5
term neonates reached >1.0 u mL1 at one point during anticoagulation. There were no associated bleeding episodes. Neonates received
enoxaparin for mean of 12 weeks (12 days to 45 weeks). Among 34
evaluable patients at the end of treatment, 23 (68%) had complete
response, 9 (26%) partial and 2 (6%) had stable TE.
Conclusion: Whole milligram dosing of enoxaparin via insulin syringe
is feasible, safe and effective in premature and term neonates requiring
treatment for TE.
Platelets and cancer

PO448-TUE
Immunophenotypic expression of platelets in
myelodysplastic syndrome
Wu Y-F1 and Liu C-Z2
1
Hemato-oncology, Hualien Tzu-Chi Hospital; 2Pharmacology
and Toxicology, Tzu-chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
Background: Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a hematopoietic
stem cell-associated bone marrow disorder. Recent studies with the
technique of flow cytometry demonstrated an alteration of antigen
expression on patients leukocyte, suggesting that the data regarding
the antigen expressed on leukocyte may help the diagnosis of MDS.
The platelet count in MDS patients is abnormal as well. Thrombocytopenia is a common manifestation, especially in the severe cases.
Aims: This study aims to find the answer by comparing the platelet
surface antigen level between healthy controls and MDS patients.
Methods: Twelve healthy controls and 15 MDS patients were enrolled
in this study. The levels of platelet surface antigens, including CD31,
CD41a, CD42a, CD42b and CD61, were determined by flow cytometry, reflected by the maximal binding of fluorochrome-conjugated
monoclonal antibodies.
Results: The levels of CD41a and CD61 on MDS patients platelet
were shown to be lower than those of the healthy controls. The levels
of CD42a and CD42b on the other hand were indistinguishable
between both groups. We also found the platelet size of MDS patients
is larger than that of healthy controls by flow cytometry. If the content
of platelet surface antigens were adjusted based on the platelet size, the
level of CD41a, CD61, CD42a and CD42b on the platelet of patients
with MDS would be lower than that of healthy controls.
Conclusion: All the results revealed that the patients with MDS have
platelets with larger size than healthy controls, but the expression of
CD41a, CD61, CD42a and CD42b on platelet surface were lower
669
those of healthy adults, thus demonstrating a quality change of platelet

production in MDS patients. These data may help the diagnosis of
MDS and also be useful in the outcome prediction during treatment.
PO449-TUE
Recursive partitioning with amalgamation analysis of
cancer specific biomarkers in the prediction of cancer
associated thrombosis
Tafur A1, Dale G2, Mansfield A3, Cherry M2, Comp P1,
Rathbun S1 and Stoner J4
1
OUHSC, Oklahoma City, USA; 2Medicine, OUHSC, Oklahoma
City; 3Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester; 4Biostatistics,
OUHSC, Oklahoma City, USA
Background: Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) is a leading cause of
death among patients with cancer. There is a growing body of data underscoring the importance of platelets in cancer associated thrombosis.
Aims: We sought to evaluate platelet specific biomarkers as predictors
of cancer associated thrombosis.
Methods: We performed a prospective sample collection, with a retrospective blinded evaluation. We included outpatient adults with solid
tumors planned to receive chemotherapy; patients were excluded if
they were pregnant, hospitalized within last 2 weeks, or had an acute
VTE. Platelet specific candidate biomarkers included platelet count,
collagen-thrombin activated platelets (COAT), mean platelet volume
(MPV) and procoagulant microparticles (PPL). VTE and death were
periodically adjudicated. We evaluated for potential interactions with
age, gender, race. We used JMP for recursive partitioning and amalgamation (RECPAM) to refine the model. Biomarkers were categorized according to quartiles or recursive partitioning suggested levels.
We used SAS 9.2 cox proportional hazard analysis using death as
competing event.
Results: We analyzed 241 patients: 60 yo (median), 72% female. 13%
developed VTE, and 15% died. Median follow up 11.9 months. There
was an interaction between age and COAT. In the univariate analysis,
platelet count >334000 mL1 (Hazard Ratio: 2.4; 95%CI 1.15.2),
COAT >45% in younger patients (less than median age) (2.7; 17.1),
and MPV <9.8 fL (2.9; 1.26.8) were associated with incident VTE.
The RECPAM model included high platelet count (3.3; 1.48) as first
decision point and COAT (3.6; 1.210) in younger patients as second.
The rest of the patients were amalgamated as reference. High platelet
(3.1; 1.27.5) and COAT (4.6; 1.613.6) in younger patients remained
VTE predictors after adjusting for metastatic disease, cancer type and
functional status.
Conclusion: COAT platelet levels added to absolute platelet count in
the prediction of cancer associated thrombosis.
Disclosure of Interest: A. Tafur Grant/Research Support from: Stago
Diagnostica, G. Dale: None declared, A. Mansfield: None declared,
M. Cherry: None declared, P. Comp: None declared, S. Rathbun
Grant/Research Support from: Stago Diagnostica, J. Stoner: None
declared.
PO450-TUE
Cancer cells induce the release of microparticles from
human platelets
Guidetti GF, Canobbio I, Manganaro D, Zar
a M, Visconte C and
Torti M
Department of Biology And Biotechnology, University of Pavia,
Pavia, Italy
Background: Circulating blood platelets are essential to support cancer
metastasis. Platelets protect cancer cells from the immune system, and
670
ABSTRACTS
release bioactive molecules that control metastasis and angiogenesis.

In addition, platelet-derived microparticles (PDMPs) may also regulate cancer spread, as increased levels of circulating PDMPs are found
in cancer metastatic patients. However, the ability of tumor cells (TC)
to directly induce the release PDMPs has never been documented.
Aims: To investigate and characterize the release of PDMPs induced
in vitro by breast (MDA-MB-231) and colorectal (Caco-2) cancer cell
lines.
Methods: Fluorescently labeled platelets in plasma or buffer were incubated with TC for up to 30 minutes, and isolated PDMPs were quantified. TC-induced platelet aggregation (TCIPA) was concomitantly
measured by lumiaggregometry.
Results: MDA-MB-231 and Caco-2 cells failed to induce PDMPs
release in citrated PRP, but were effective on platelets resuspended in
non-anticoagulated serum. for both cell lines, PDMPs release was
about the 25% of that produced by thrombin. Similarly, TC stimulate
PDMPs release from unwashed isolated platelets suspended in buffer,
but not from extensively washed platelets. Addition of a small volume
(0.05% v/v) of plasma or serum was sufficient to restore TC-induced
PDMPs release from washed platelets. TCIPA was constantly
observed only when PDMPs release occurred, and required the presence of small amount of plasma. TCIPA and PDMPs release were
reduced by PGE1 or apyrase, indicating that are consequent to platelet
activation, and were abrogated by PPACK, suggesting a possible role
for thrombin. TCIPA also required either fibrin polymerization or integrin aIIbb3 activity.
Conclusion: MDA-MB-231 and Caco-2 stimulate PDMPs release in
association to full platelet aggregation. The sole interaction between
cancer cells and platelets is not sufficient to trigger these responses,
which require the contribution of plasma components.
PO451-TUE
The effects of interferona-2b on the defective bone
marrow mesenchymal stem cells in patients with
Sun T, LV C, Zhang D, Zhang X, Fu R, Lv M, Liu W, Li Y, Hao Y,
Li H, Yang R and Zhang L
Hematology And Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of
Medical Sciences And Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin
300020, China, Tianjin, China
Background: Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a myeloproliferative
neoplasm characterized by a risk of thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications. Bone marrow microenvironment may involve in the pathogenesis of MPN. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) are key components of the hematopoietic microenvironment.
Interferon alpha (IFN-a) appeared to be a good therapy due to its
anti-tumor effects.
Aims: The biological and functional characteristics of MSCs from ET
patients in Chinese population are unclear and the effects of IFNa-2b
exerted on BM-MSCs are also needed to be clarified. The aim of this
study is to elucidate the above two challenges.
Methods: BM-MSCs from patients with ET (n = 24) and age-and sexmatched healthy individuals (n = 13) were cultured in appropriate
growth medium. The biological and functional characteristics of BMMSCs with or without exposure to IFNa-2b from the two groups were
determined and compared.
Results: BM-MSCs from the two groups shared similar characteristic,
including morphology, immunophenotype, adipogenic differentiation
potentials. However, the patients BM-MSCs had a higher proliferation
capacity and lower capacity of osteogenic differentiation, apoptosis
rate and extent to support hematopoiesis. IFNa-2b increased apoptosis rate and enhanced patients BM-MSCs to expand CD34+ hemato-
poietic progenitor cells, but deregulated the ability to differentiate into

osteoblasts and adipocytes and to produce hematopoietic colonyforming unit megakaryocyte.
Conclusion: BM-MSCs derived from ET patients were abnormal and
might participate in the occurrence of ET. IFNa-2b is a good candidate for ET patients through affecting the defective BM-MSCs.
PO452-TUE
Sunitinib is taken up by platelets and inhibits platelet
activation and thrombus formation in cancer patients
Sabrkhany S1, Pineda S1, Sanders L1, Aarts M2, Heemskerk J3,
Griffioen A4, Egbrink M1 and Kuijpers MJ3
1
Physiology, Maastricht University; 2Medical Oncology,
Maastricht University Medical Centre; 3Biochemistry, Maastricht
University, Maastricht; 4Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of
Medical Oncology, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Background: Sunitinib is an oral receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor
used for treatment of several solid tumors. Patients treated with sunitinib are at higher risk of bleeding (no thrombocytopenia). As protein
tyrosine kinases are essential for platelet function, we hypothesized
that platelet functional properties are altered in patients treated with
sunitinib.
Aims: Investigate the effect of sunitinib on platelet functions in vitro
and in cancer patients on treatment.
Methods: The study was approved by the medical ethics committee
from the Maastricht University Medical Centre. Blood samples from
healthy volunteers (n = 8) and advanced renal cell carcinoma patients
(n = 8) before and 2 weeks on-treatment with sunitinib (monotherapy)
were collected after informed consent. Platelets were washed and
preincubated with sunitinib (3.330 lM) or vehicle for 10 minutes at
37 C. Flow cytometry, aggregometry, ELISA, immunofluorescence
imaging and whole blood perfusion over collagen were performed.
Results: Confocal microscopy indicated sunitinib accumulation in
platelet granules. In vitro, collagen and ADP-induced platelet aggregation were inhibited by sunitinib in a concentration-dependent manner.
In patients treated with sunitinib, glycoprotein VI-induced platelet
aggregation as well as activation of integrin aIIbb3 and P-selectin
expression were reduced compared to controls. Both in vitro and in
patients, sunitinib reduced collagen-dependent thrombus formation
and phosphatidylserine exposure under flow conditions. Secretion of
angiogenic factors (PDGF and CTAPIII) upon platelet activation was
reduced in the presence of sunitinib. In 4 patients, mild bleeding symptoms were observed that correlated with more reduced thrombus formation.
Conclusion: Sunitinib is taken up by platelets and inhibits collagen
receptor-induced integrin activation, secretion, aggregation and
thrombus formation. This may contribute to the higher bleeding tendency observed in patients treated with sunitinib.
ABSTRACTS
Regulation of coagulation and

fibrinolysis I
PO453-TUE
Allelic variants within ANXA5 differentially impact on
the control of gene expression
Tiscia G1, Sandset PM2,3, Drum E2, Myklebust CF2, Grandone E1
and Skretting G2
1
IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo,
Italy; 2Department of Haematology, Research Institute of Internal
Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet; 3Institute of
Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Background: In 2007, two haplotypes (M1 and M2) within the
ANXA5 promoter were described in women with pregnancy loss. In
an in vitro functional assay, they showed a significant association with
a lower activity of the ANXA5 promoter. The M1 and M2 haplotypes
are defined by 4 allelic variants. However, no information is available
on the differential impact of each variant on the control of ANXA5
expression.
Aims: To provide information on functionality of 4 allelic variants: c.467G>A, c.-448A>C, c.-422T>C, and c.-373G>A, and of two other
SNPs, c.-302T>G and c.-628C>T, also located within the ANXA5 promoter.
Methods: A luciferase reporter assay was used to investigate the possible influence of the allelic variants on ANXA5 expression in HEK293
cells. Cells were transfected with constructs containing the ANXA5
promoter generated in the pGL3-Basic Vector. The allelic variants
were generated using site-directed mutagenesis. Differences between
wild-type and mutant ANXA5 luciferase activity were evaluated by
one-way ANOVA. To identify DNA-protein complexes, EMSA was
performed with nuclear extracts from BeWo cells and oligonucleotides
carrying the various genotypes.
Results: Except for the c.-373G>A and c.-628C>T all other allelic variants affected the activity of the ANXA5 promoter as measured by
luciferase activity. As assessed by EMSA, differential specific DNAprotein complexes were obtained for all allelic variants except for the
c.-302T>G. This indicates that the examined polymorphisms in the
ANXA5 promoter have an impact on the ANXA5 expression level.
Conclusion: We have functionally characterized allelic variants in the
ANXA5 promoter, and found that several individual variants contribute to the modulation of transcriptional activity of the ANXA5 promoter, most likely through binding of nuclear factors. These results
help to explain clinical findings and provide new insights into the
mechanisms regulating the annexin A5 levels in healthy controls.
PO454-TUE
Improvement in thrombin generation by the anti-TFPI
antibody, concizumab, in plasma from individuals with
haemophilia a with or without inhibitors or
haemophilia B, is not affected by the presence of corn
trypsin inhibitor
Waters EK1, Hilden I1, Dhillon S2, Rea CJ2 and Srensen BB1
1
Novo Nordisk A/S, M
alv, Denmark; 2School of Medicine,
Kings College, London, UK
Background: Inhibition of tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) may
be an effective treatment for haemophilia by allowing sufficient thrombin to be generated by tissue factor (TF), factor VIIa, and factor Xa in
the initiation phase of coagulation. Concizumab (mAb 2021) is a
monoclonal IgG4 antibody targeting the Kunitz-2 domain of TFPI.
671
We showed, previously, that concizumab improves thrombin generation when added to plasma from patients with haemophilia in the
absence of corn trypsin inhibitor (CTI). However there is much debate
about the impact of CTI on thrombin generation.
Aims: To investigate the effect of CTI on thrombin generation in
plasma from patients with haemophilia.
Methods: Blood was collected from 18 patients with haemophilia
(n = 9 with severe haemophilia A, n = 3 with severe haemophilia B,
and n = 6 with haemophilia A with inhibitors) in tubes with 3.2% trisodium citrate 50 lg mL1 CTI. Platelet-poor plasma was generated from the blood samples and spiked with concizumab at
concentrations from 0.001 to 500 nM. Thrombin generation was measured using 1 pM TF and 4 lM phospholipids.
Results: Concizumab improved thrombin generation when added to
the plasma of all patients with haemophilia, regardless of diagnosis or
inhibitor presence. Peak thrombin and endogenous thrombin potential
were the most robust parameters. With >10 nM concizumab, these levels were nearly equivalent to control plasma from healthy individuals.
The results were similar with both the inclusion and exclusion of CTI.
Conclusion: Concizumab successfully restored thrombin generation in
plasma from patients with severe haemophilia A with or without
inhibitors and haemophilia B. There was no discernible difference in
thrombin generation when the blood was collected in either the presence or absence of CTI. These results indicate that in a controlled setting where all blood is handled in the same manner, CTI does not
affect the improvement in thrombin generation by concizumab.
Disclosure of Interest: E. Waters Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S, I.
Hilden Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S, S. Dhillon Grant/Research
Support from: Study supported by Novo Nordisk A/S, C. Rea Grant/
Research Support from: Study supported by Novo Nordisk A/S, B.
Srensen Employee of: Novo Nordisk A/S.
PO455-TUE
Characterization of pro-coagulant antibodies binding
to kunitz domain-1 of TFPI
Petersen HH, Augustsson C, Krogh BO, Breinholt J, Clausen JT,
Kjr B, Hilden I and Petersen LC
Novo Nordisk, M
alv, Denmark
Background: Tissue Factor (TF) initiated coagulation is regulated
through Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor (TFPI) mediated inhibition
of Factor Xa (FXa) and TF/FVIIa. The TFPI Kunitz domain-1 (K1)
inhibits TF-bound FVIIa and promotes the formation of a tight
TFPI-FXa complex. Neutralizing TFPI inhibition prolongs TF/
FVIIa-mediated activation of FX during initiation of coagulation and
has the potential to promote haemostasis in haemophilia patients.
Aims: To determine the pro-coagulant effect of inhibitory anti-TFPI
antibodies binding to the N-terminal region of TFPI (TFPI (1-79)),
comprising the K1, under haemophilia-like conditions in vitro and
address their mechanism of action.
Methods: Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were generated by standard
hybridoma technology from mice immunized with human TFPI.
Thrombin activity was assessed by calibrated automated thrombin
generation measurements and thromboelastography. TFPI activity
was assessed by chromogenic assays. Binding interactions were studied
by Surface Plasmon Resonance analysis.
Results: Although the anti-TFPI (1-79) mAbs competed for binding to
TFPI, they differentially affected thrombin generation and clot formation under haemophilia-like conditions. All antibodies bound with
high affinity and neutralised TFPI inhibition of soluble TF (sTF)/
FVIIa amidolytic activity. Whereas some mAbs were without an effect
on FXa inhibition, the more potent pro-coagulant mAbs partially neutralised TFPI inhibition of FXa and were capable of dissociating a preformed TFPI/FXa complex.
672
ABSTRACTS
Conclusion: We propose that the superior pro-coagulant activity of

some of the anti-TFPI-K1 mAbs is due to a dual neutralising mechanism affecting TFPI inhibition of both sTF/FVIIa and FXa. In contrast, the less pro-coagulant active mAbs only affect TFPI inhibition
of sTF/FVIIa.
Disclosure of Interest: H. Heibroch Petersen Employee of: Novo Nordisk, C. Augustsson Employee of: Novo Nordisk, B. Olsen Krogh
Employee of: Novo Nordisk, J. Breinholt Employee of: Novo Nordisk, J. Thorn Clausen Employee of: Novo Nordisk, B. Kjr
Employee of: Novo Nordisk, I. Hilden Employee of: Novo Nordisk,
L. C. Petersen Employee of: Novo Nordisk.
PO456-TUE
The effect of ultra high levels of C-reactive protein
(CRP) on the coagulation system
Artang R1, Anderson D1 and Nielsen JD2
1
Cardiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha,
USA; 2Coagulation Laboratory, Copenhagen University Hospital,
Bispebjerg, Denmark
Background: There has been conflicting evidence about the role of
CRP in atherothrombosis as active mediator or innocent bystander in
subjects with ischemic heart disease, stroke and peripheral arterial disease. Activation of inflammation and coagulations markers was previously demonstrated at intermediate in-vivo concentrations of
Recombinant Human (rh) CRP.
Aims: The Purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of ultra high
physiologic levels of purified human (ph) CRP on coagulation system.
Methods: 300 microliter of Purified Human CRP concentrate synthesized from human pleural fluid (Lee Biosolutions, St. Louis. MO) was
added to 1.8 ml test tube with citrated whole blood collected from 5
healthy male volunteers at escalating concentrations of 0, 10, 120,
250 ng L1 and was incubated for 30 minutes on a test tube rocker at
room temperature. Coagulation parameters including, PT, PTT, Ddimer were analyzed through standard methods. Maximum Amplitude
by Thrombelastograph TEG5000 (Haemonetics, Braintree, MA)
were measured with addition of calcium citrate to Kaolin assay. Measurements at different concentrations were compared to baseline values (without added CRP) using ANOVA test.
Results: There was no significant change noted in PT, PTT, D-dimer
and the Maximum Amplitude by Thrombelastography with escalating
doses CRP at physiologic ultra high levels.
Conclusion: CRP did not have a direct effect on the coagulation system
in an isolated whole blood ex vivo coagulation model without contribution from the endothelial cells. The prothrombotic effect of CRP
observed in previous studies may be attributed to the effect by the
endothelial cells and furthermore likely by acute phase response due to
contaminant bacterial products present in the production of bacterial
based rhCRP used in contrast to the phCRP used in present study.
The present findings suggest that elevated CRP observed in the clinical
acute thrombosis is likely secondary inflammatory response rather
than active contribution by the CRP.
PO457-TUE
Assessment of the effect of inter-alpha trypsin
inhibitor by thrombin generation assay
Plantier J-L, Devos V, Chtourou S and Jorieux S
Dir Innov Therapeutique, LFB Biotechnologies, Loos, France
Background: Inter-alpha trypsin inhibitor (ITI) is a circulating weak
anti-protease implicated in several functions such as complement regu-
lation, matrix stabilization and anti-inflammation. The plasmatic ITI

formed a family of proteins mainly constituted by 1 or 2 heavy chains
(H1, H2 or H3) linked through a chondroitin sulfate to a light chain
named, bikunin. Bikunin contains two kunitz protease inhibitor
domains also present in the coagulation inhibitor Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor. A placental form of bikunin was showed to inhibit
some of the coagulation proteases (Delaria et al., J Biol Chem. 1997).
Aims: Thus, we aimed to determine by using global assays whether
plasma ITI may modulate coagulation.
Methods: ITI was purified from plasma at up to 9698% of purity
using three columns.
Results: ITI contained mostly H1 and H2 chains and no more than
10% in mass of H3 chains. The anti-protease activity of ITI was controlled on bovine trypsin and chymotrypsin, human trypsin, plasmin,
elastase and cathepsin G. The data perfectly fitted with the results
from the literature indicating that the molecule kept its anti-protease
activity linked to the bikunin light chain. ITI was then added in normal plasma to reach 2- and 3-fold the normal circulating concentration. In these conditions the thrombin generation (TG) parameters
(time to peak, peak height, ETP, lag time, velocity) were not significantly affected either when induced by a low level of tissue-factor (1
pM) or by cephalin. Normal plasma was 90%>depleted on ITI by
immuno-adsorption. A TG was evaluated on this plasma, and compared to the plasma treated with an irrelevant antibody. The signals
were identical from the two matrixes. The TG assay was then performed in individual plasmas containing either a low or a high physiological level of ITI. No differences in thrombin generation can be
evidenced whatever the level of plasma ITI.
Conclusion: As assessed by thrombin generation, the presence of ITI
does not seem to modulate the coagulation.
Disclosure of Interest: J.-L. Plantier Employee of: LFB Biotechnologies, V. Devos Employee of: LFB Biotechnologies, S. Chtourou
Employee of: LFB Biotechnologies, S. Jorieux Employee of: LFB Biotechnologies.
PO458-TUE
Prolongation of clot lysis time by a direct thrombin
inhibitor: involvement of thrombin generation
enhancement and thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis
inhibitor
Morishima Y and Kamisato C
Tokyo, Japan
Background: Previously we reported that a direct thrombin inhibitor
melagatran paradoxically increased thrombin generation both in vitro
and in vivo.
Aims: To test the hypothesis that melagatran may exert a deleterious
effect on tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA)-induced fibrinolysis
via enhancement of thrombin generation and activation of thrombinactivatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI), the effects of melagatran on
clot lysis time were examined.
Methods: Pooled human plasma containing 100 ng mL1 t-PA and
10 nM thrombomodulin (TM) were mixed with anticoagulants and
activated protein C (APC) or a TAFIa inhibitor, potato tuber carboxypeptidase inhibitor. Clot formation was induced by 2.5 pM tissue
factor and 4 lM phospholipids. To monitor the clot formation and
lysis, the absorbance at 405 nm was measured every 30 s. Clot lysis
time was defined as the interval between the time of the midpoint of
the clear to maximum turbidity transition and the midpoint of the
maximum turbidity to clear transition.
Results: In the presence of TM, melagatran at 300, 600, and 1200 nM
significantly prolonged clot lysis time, but shortened it at higher concentrations. In the absence of TM, melagatran did not show any deleterious effects on fibrinolysis. Prolongation of clot lysis time by
ABSTRACTS
melagatran was reversed by APC (which suppressed thrombin generation increased by melagatran) and a TAFIa inhibitor.
Conclusion: These results suggest that a direct thrombin inhibitor may
induce clot formation that is resistant to fibrinolysis through the paradoxical enhancement of thrombin generation and subsequent TAFI
activation.
Disclosure of Interest: Y. Morishima Employee of: Daiichi Sankyo
Co., Ltd., C. Kamisato Employee of: Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd.
PO459-TUE
Oral factor Xa anticoagulants, rivaroxaban and
apixaban, enhance clot dissolution in plasma
Carter RL1,2,3, Talbot K1,2,3, Smith T4, Lee AY1,4 and
Pryzdial EL1,2,3
1
Centre for Blood Research; 2Pathology and Laboratory
Medicine, University of British Columbia; 3Canadian Blood
Services, Research and Development Department; 4Department
of Medicine, Division of Hematology, University of British
Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
Background: We showed that plasmin-cleaved clotting factor Xa
(FXa) enhances clot dissolution by accelerating tissue plasminogen
activator (tPA). Working toward improving this fibrinolytic function,
a novel covalent active site modification of FXa resulted in further
increased activity. The currently approved FXa-inhibiting anticoagulants, rivaroxaban (riva) and apixaban (apix) bind to the FXa active
site in a similar manner as the covalent modification. A previously
published study showed that riva may enhance plasma clot lysis by
indirectly inhibiting thrombin generation and altering the clot structure. Here we address the hypothesis that these anticoagulants would
further enhance the fibrinolytic function of FXa when in situ thrombin
generation is carefully controlled.
Aims: 1) Investigate the effects of riva and apix on FXa cleavage. 2)
Examine the tPA-cofactor function of FXa in the presence of riva and
apix. 3) Determine the effects of riva and api on clot lysis.
Methods: Thrombin-initiated clot lysis using normal and various factor-deficient plasmas or purified fibrinogen was followed by turbidity.
The effects of riva and apix on the FXa-mediated enhancement of
plasmin generation were examined by chromogenic assays (S-2251) in
a purified system. FXa cleavage by plasmin was investigated by western blot, plasminogen ligand blot, and Coomassie blue protein staining.
Results: In plasma, riva and apix enhanced clot dissolution, but only
in the presence of the FXa precursor, FX. This observation differed,
however, in purified fibrin clot lysis as riva and apix inhibited the fibrinolytic function of FXa. Since in situ thrombin generation was carefully controlled, these results suggest the involvement of other plasma
components or a different form of FXa in plasma compared to purified systems.
Conclusion: This study suggests a dual anticoagulant and profibrinolytic role for riva and apix and highlights their novel ability to enhance
plasma clot dissolution.
Disclosure of Interest: R. Carter: None declared, K. Talbot: None
declared, T. Smith: None declared, A. Lee Consultant for: Bayer and
Bristol-Myers Squibb, E. Pryzdial: None declared.
673
PO460-TUE
Ultrasonic monitoring of fibrin clot formation and
fibrinolysis in flowing blood
Guria KG1, Dzhumaeva SN1,2, Ivlev DA1,2, Uzlova SG2 and
Guria GT1,2
1
Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology; 2National
Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russian Federation
Background: The most dangerous thrombotic complications are associated with the formation of large thrombi in major arteries and veins
of human organism. In such vessels intensity of blood flow profoundly
influences the regulation of blood coagulation and fibrinolysis. In previous works we have demonstrated that ultrasonic methods are applicable for the monitoring of the early stages of thrombus formation
under flow conditions. Here we present new experimental data on the
ultrasonic monitoring of fibrinolysis.
Aims: The aim of our research was to analyze the kinetics of blood
clots dissolution under flow conditions.
Methods: The research was performed on an experimental in vitro
model of blood circulation. Data obtained by the ultrasonic monitoring of coagulation and fibrinolysis was analyzed in real-time. The infusion of fibrinolytic agents into the experimental system was governed
by a computer in accordance with the data of ultrasonic monitoring.
for this purpose a special drug-injector was designed. This experimental set-up enables us to infuse the drug in a precisely controlled manner
during strictly determined stages of the blood coagulation. The efficiency of thrombi dissolution in the system was evaluated basing on
quantitative ultrasonic parameters.
Results: It was shown that suggested ultrasonic technique can be used
not only for monitoring of coagulation but also for quantitative analysis of fibrinolysis kinetics. Several protocols of infusion for various
fibrinolytic agents (streptokinase, urokinase and tissue-type plasminogen activator) were tested and compared. It was established that under
intensive flow conditions fibrinolytic resistance of blood clots increases
greatly during the first 5 min of their formation.
Conclusion: Taking into account that the developed technique is principally non-invasive, it seems to be promising for the purposes of realtime clinical diagnostics.
The work was supported by Russian Science Foundation (RSF grant
No.14-14-00990).
PO461-TUE
A novel approach for hemophilia therapy through
antibody targeted TFPI
Lee S, Kim K, Kim D-S, Kwak H, Lee M, Park JC, Park YS, Lim H-K
and Hwang S
Mogam Biotechnology Institute, Yongin-City, Korea
Background: The extrinsic coagulation pathway is one of the major
physiological routes to thrombin generation. During the initiation
phase of blood coagulation, tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI), an
endogenous inhibitor of the extrinsic coagulation pathway, blocks the
coagulation signal.
Aims: Thus, we hypothesized that inhibition of the anticoagulant function of TFPI may allow appropriate clot formation. The objective of
this study was to screen anti-TFPI antibodies which enhance blood
coagulation.
Methods: For this, the mouse immune library has been screened to
select anti-TFPI antibodies by using ELISA and SPR analysis and the
lead antibodies have been further confirmed with several coagulation
efficacy tests, including FXase and FVIIa/TF/FXa complex assay. At
the last step, the hit antibody was humanized via anti-TFPI CDR
grafting on a human IgG which was used as a template.
674
ABSTRACTS
Results: We performed thrombin generation assay (TGA) and thromboelastography (TEG) with the humanized antibody to verify clot formation. In addition, we tested coagulation efficacy in an acquired
hemophiliac model where the hemophiliac condition was induced by
treating healthy donors with anti-FVIII neutralizing antibody.
Conclusion: Collectively, our results suggest that anti-TFPI antibody
could be a potential therapeutic alternative for hemophilia patients.
PO462-TUE
Functional components of Japanese traditional
soybean food NATTOnattokinase, vitamin K2 and
polyamine
Sumi H1,2, Ohsugi T1, Naito S1 and Yatagai C1
1
Kurashiki; 2Judge at the official National Awards Ceremony
Recognizing Excellence, Japan natto cooperative society
federation, Tokyo, Japan
Background: Nattokinase (NK) is a strong fibrinolytic enzyme and
promote the release t-PA from the endothelial cells (Sumi et al., Experientia, 43:1110, 1989; Yatagai et al., Pathophysiol. Haemost. Thromb.,
36:227, 2009). Vitamin K2 is important in bone metabolism with an
essential factor in blood coagulation (Sumi, Food Sci. Technol. Res.,
5:48, 1999), and polyamine acts as a growth factor for various cells.
Aims: This study aimed to analyze and compare NK activity, vitamin
K2 and polyamine contents in natto products that received a prize at
the official National Awards Ceremony Recognizing Excellence
(20102013).
Methods: of the natto products entered in the above-mentioned competition, 49 types received prizes and were supplied by each company
for our study. Determination methods were carried out as reported
previously.
Results: All products showed strong fibrinolysis (450 107 mm2/
30 lL/4 h) and a strong specificity for substrate I (Bz-Ile-Glu-(OR)Gly-Arg-pNA). In comparison, the specificity for the substrate II (SucAla-Ala-Pro-Phe-pNA) decreased to less than half of that for substrate
I. According to the substrate method, natto contains about 1.1 IU g1
(wet wt.) of NK. Any activity that was neutralized with NK antibody
has been estimated to be NK. Vitamin K2 of these natto was higher
(896 364 lg/100 g) than the general natto. The main polyamine in
natto was spermidine and spermine, at a very high concentration
(5.62 2.76 mg/100 g).
Conclusion: A strong NK activity was confirmed in natto products
obtained excellent results. And natto products proved to be superior in
terms of vitamin K2 and polyamine content. It is recognized that NK
cannot be extracted from soy beans fermented using Bacillus subtilis
rather than Bacillus subutilis natto. for example, there is no history of
such products being used as food, leading to considerable misgivings
about side effects and toxicity of natto produced using Bacillus subtilis.
PO463-TUE
Fibrinolytic activity produced by fermented sweet corn
with bacillus subtilis natto
Sumi H, Naito S and Yatagai C
Kurashiki, Japan
Background: In previous papers, we have presented reports on the
physiochemical properties of nattokinase (NK), a constituent of natto
(Sumi et al., Experientia, 43:1110, 1987; Yatagai et al., Pathophysiol.
Haemost. Thromb., 36:227, 2009). In addition, as a functional ingredient included in natto, osteoporosis with vitamin K2 is now widely
accepted.
Aims: We have researched an increase in production of the NK and
other functions using substrates other than the soybean. In each case,
the effect was insufficient compared to the soybean, except in the case
of sweet corn.
Methods: We cultured Miyagino strain (4 9 103 pieces mL1) into
sweet corn (Whole kernel type, MEIJI-YA Co., Ltd.) as Bacillus subtilis natto and cultured it in 37 C, 48 h. Fibrinolytic activity, vitamin
K2, the following procedures were carried out as reported previously
(Sumi et al., Food Sci. Technol. Res., 5:48, 1999). NK antibody and
double immunodiffusion were carried out as reported previously
(Sumi et al., ISTH, PP-WE148, 2009; New Food Industry, 54:12, 2011).
Results: Sweet corn natto showed strong fibrinolytic activity. It
showed thermal activity of 120 C for 30 min. In contrast, normal
corn natto had no activity. For each product tested, the fibrinolytic
activity was completely neutralized with the antibody for NK. Borate
saline buffer (BSB) at pH7.8 was used, and the NK showed strong
activity for the substrate I (Bz-Ile-Glu-(OR)-Gly-Arg-pNA). Because
activity declined to less than half the level of the substrate II (Suc-AlaAla-Pro-Phe-pNA) used for comparison, the true enzymatic activity of
NK is believed to be at work. The measured value of vitamin K2 content was 1890 lg/100 g on average, higher than general natto.
Conclusion: Sweet corn natto tested was shown through the lytic ability
for the substrate I. It also contained a large amount of vitamin K2.
This fermentation technology was found to contain a larger amount of
functional ingredients such as NK, vitamin K2, which is expected to be
used as a new food material in the future.
PO464-TUE
Inhibition of fibrinolysis by heparin, low molecular
weight heparin and a novel anticoagulant,
antithrombin-heparin covalent complex (ATH)
Chang G1,2, Atkinson HM1,2, Berry LR1 and Chan AKC1,2
1
Pediatrics; 2Thrombosis Atherosclerosis Research Institute
(TaARI), McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
Background: Unfractionated heparin (UFH) and low molecular weight
heparin (LMWH) are used to treat thrombosis. We have developed an
antithrombin-heparin covalent complex (ATH) with faster rates of
inhibition of coagulation factors vs. UFH and LMWH. Administration of ATH in a rabbit thrombosis model caused a decrease in clot
mass, while clot mass increased with UFH treatment. Conversely, in vitro studies with purified proteins showed that ATH inhibits the rate of
plasmin (Pn) generation significantly more than noncovalent UFH/AT
mixtures. However, these in vitro studies did not account for the presence of other Pn inhibitors normally found in plasma, such as a2-macroglobulin (A2M).
Aims: To compare the effects of UFH, LMWH, and ATH on Pn generation in plasma.
Methods: Normal pooled plasma was supplemented with 0
2.1 U mL1 of each anticoagulant and Pn generation initiated with
tissue plasminogen activator and soluble fibrinogen fragments. At various times, subsamples were mixed with plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 to stop Pn generation and total chromogenically active Pn was
quantified with S-2251. Some subsamples were also mixed with soybean trypsin inhibitor to inhibit free Pn, and remaining chromogenic
activity due to Pn-A2M complexes (PAM) was quantified as above.
Results: Total generated Pn decreased slightly but significantly with
0.7 U mL1 UFH or ATH, and 2.1 U mL1 ATH. PAM generation
decreased with 0.7 U mL1 ATH. UFH and ATH had similar effects
on total Pn and PAM generation at all doses. LMWH had no effect.
ABSTRACTS
Conclusion: In plasma, ATH inhibited generation of Pn, but this effect
was small and not significantly different from the effect of UFH. ATH
may decrease PAM generation more than UFH. Future studies aim to
determine the effect of ATH on Pn-a2-antiplasmin generation and
consumption of plasminogen. ATHs enhanced inhibition of coagulation factors combined with its limited effects on fibrinolysis may make
it an effective treatment for thrombosis.
PO465-TUE
Complement C3 and hypofibrinolysis: a potential role
for protein glycation
Schuett K1, King R2, Phoenix F2, Smith K2, Maxeiner S1, Lysaja K3,
Jankowski V4, Marx N1 and Ajjan R2
1
Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Aachen,
Aachen, Germany; 2Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes
Research, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic
Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; 3Department of
Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Aachen, Leeds; 4Institute
for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen
University, Aachen, Germany
Background: Hypofibrinolysis is associated with increased vascular
risk and complement C3 modulates the fibrinolytic process, particularly in diabetes. It remains unclear, however, whether C3 from diabetes patients has a differential effect on fibrin clot lysis compared with
healthy control protein.
Aims: To investigate the potential differential effects of diabetic C3 on
fibrinolysis, analyse inter-individual variability and elucidate underlying mechanisms.
Methods: Fibrinogen and complement C3 were purified from 8
patients with type 1 diabetes (T1DM), not on any treatment other than
insulin, and 8 healthy controls. Fibrin clot lysis was determined using
a turbidimetric assay and mass spectroscopy (MS) was used to analyse
posttranslational modifications in the protein.
Results: Baseline characteristics were similar in T1DM patients and
controls, except for HbA1c (78.4 18 and 35 4.1 mmol mol1,
respectively; P < 0.01). C3 from T1DM showed a trend towards an
exaggerated prolongation of clot lysis time compared with controls
(800 532 and 297 148 s prolongation, respectively; P = 0.076).
There was a large inter-individual variability with C3 prolongation in
clot lysis in T1DM [441476 s (551%)] whereas in controls the range
was much tighter [108468 s (517%)]. MS (n = 6 in each group)
showed increased glycation of C3 from T1DM patients in 5 separate
Lys residues, which included K665, K1117, K1181, K1187 and K1505.
More than one glycation site was noted in each of the samples studied
with a mean of 3 lysine modifications (range 24).
Conclusion: Complement C3 from individuals with diabetes has a
superior anti-fibrinolytic effect compared with protein purified from
healthy controls. This may be due to increased protein glycation,
potentially modulating C3-fibrinogen interactions. The large variability in the effects of C3 on fibrin clot lysis warrants further investigation
with the possibility of C3- targeted individualized therapy to improve
the hypofibrinolytic environment in diabetes.
675
PO466-TUE
The arteriovenous difference of hemostasis parameters
in critically ill patients with different type of
hypoergosis
Sinkov S, Zabolotskikh I, Velichko D and Grigoriev S
Department of Anaesthesiology, Critical Care Medicine and
Transfusiology, Kuban State Medical University, Krasnodar,
Russia
Background: The down-regulation of aerobic energy metabolism is a
key pathogenetic link of any critical condition.
Aims: To reveal the regularity of hemostasis disturbances development
in the venous and arterial vessels depending on type of hypoergosis.
Methods: Were examined 199 patients underwent major abdominal
surgery (gastrectomy, pancreatic-duodenal resection, hemicolectomy,
liver resection, etc.). Patients was divided in five groups: the control
group without hypoergosis, and four groups with different types of
hypoergosis: substrate, hypermetabolic, hypoxic and enzymatic.
Results: For substrate hypoergosis were characterized with minor
changes in hemostasis, affects only coagulation; an arteriovenous difference were not differ from patients without hypoergosis. For hypermetabolichypoergose most significant changes were observed in
venous vessels hypercoagulation, inhibition of fibrinolysis and elevated platelet aggregation. More significantin comparison with the
previous group changes in hemostasis determine formation of reliable
arteriovenous difference of hemostasis, but direction of this difference
was not differ from patients without hypoergosis. For hypoxichypoergosiswere observed multidirectional disturbances of arteriovenous
difference, with most prominent in arterial vessels hypercoagulation,
activation of fibrinolysis and increase of platelet aggregation. Consequently, were formed reliable arteriovenous difference of hemostasis
with opposite direction to patients without hypoergosis. For enymatichypoergosis wereunsignificantarteriovenous difference of hemostasis,
and have identical trend for arterial and venous blood: hypocoagulation, low platelets, decreased platelet aggregation, inhibition offibrinolysis.
Conclusion: The trend and severity of founded metabolic disturbances,
along with changes in arteriovenous difference, has statistically proven
interrelation.
PO467-TUE
Effects of an acidic environment on coagulation
dynamics
Gissel M1, Orfeo T1, Butenas S1, Pusateri AE2, BrummelZiedins KE1 and Mann KG1
1
University of Vermont, Colchester; 2US Army Medical Research
and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, USA
Background: Disruption of hydrogen ion homeostasis is a consequence
of traumatic injury often associated with clinical coagulopathy. Mechanisms by which acidification of the blood contribute to the incidence
of unexplained hemorrhage post-injury require further elucidation.
Aims: To examine the effects of acidified conditions on coagulation
protein function in purified systems and whole blood.
Methods: A series of coagulation reactions were assessed at pH 7.4 and
pH 7.0: 1) relipidated tissue factor (TF) (5 pM) added to the mixture
of factors II, V, VII, VIIa, VIII, IX, X, and XI, TFPI and antithrombin (AT) (fibrinogen + FXIII) (all at mean physiologic concentrations), with reaction progress monitored as thrombin generation via
chromogenic assay or fibrin formation via viscoelastic measurements;
2) thrombin cleavage of fibrinogen via viscoelastic measurements; 3)
AT inhibition of FXa and IIa; 4) corn trypsin inhibitor treated phlebotomy blood 5 pM TF via viscoelastic measurements.
676
ABSTRACTS
Results: The second order rate constants for AT inhibition of FXa and
thrombin were reduced by ~2530% at pH 7. Acidification induced
relatively modest changes in TF-initiated thrombin generation: a
~15% increase in maximum thrombin levels, a ~10% increase in the
time to maximum thrombin and a slower rate of thrombin clearance
(N = 3). Parallel viscoelastic analyses showed a 25% increase in R time
(clot time) and a 25% reduction in maximum clot strength (MCF) at
pH 7. A similar reduction in MCF at pH 7 was observed when only
FXIII and fibrinogen were reacted with thrombin. In contrast, in CTI
blood (N = 6) at pH 7, R times decreased an average of 30% (range
1243%) in TF initiated blood and an average of 50% (range 37
62%) in the absence of TF while MCF values ( TF) were slightly elevated (~10%) in all donors.
Conclusion: Effects of acidification on coagulation dynamics in whole
blood are not captured using acellular reaction systems constructed
with purified components.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Gissel: None declared, T. Orfeo: None
declared, S. Butenas: None declared, A. Pusateri: None declared, K.
Brummel-Ziedins: None declared, K. Mann Shareholder of: Haematologic Technologies, Consultant for: Alnylam, Baxter, Bayer, CSL Behring, Diagnostica Stago.
PO468-TUE
Exercise-induced core body temperature elevations
shift hemostasis to a prothrombotic state
Van Heerde W1, Veltmeijer MT2, Barteling W1, VerbeekKnobbe K1, Eijsvogels TM3 and Hopman MT2
1
Department of Lab Med, Lab of Hematology, Section TH,
Radboudumc; 2Department of Physiology, Radboudumc,
Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen; 3Department of
Physiology, Division of Cardiology, Radboudumc, Radboud
Institute for Health Sciences, Hartford Hospital, Nijmegen,
Hartford, The Netherlands
Background: Hemostatic parameters and core body temperature
(CBT) can be influenced by exercise. This ultimate outcome is thrombosis for example observed in patients with heat stroke.
Aims: We assessed the relation between exercise-induced elevations in
CBT and hemostatic changes.
Methods: CBT and hemostatic responses were measured in 62 participants of a 15-km road race at baseline and immediately after finishing.
The individual CBT was measured with a calibrated ingestible temperature pill. Hemostatic responses were measured with the Nijmegen Hemostasis Assay, a global assay that measures thrombin and plasmin
generation in plasma simultaneously. The assay temperature was synchronized to the individuals actual CBT at baseline and finish in a
subgroup of n = 25.
Results: All subjects (44 11 years, 69% male) completed the race at
a speed of 12.1 1.8 km h1. CBT increased significantly from
37.6 0.4 C to 39.4 0.8 C (P < 0.001). Post-exercise, hemostatic
activity, expressed by accelerated thrombin generation and an attenuated plasmin response, was increased. The effect was more pronounced
if the assay temperature was synchronized to the CBT. A similar temperature effect was also observed with normal pooled plasma. Hemostatic responses in subjects were comparable between low (<39 C),
moderate (3940 C) and high responders (40 C) of finish CBT,
though a significant interaction of CBT and fibrin lysis time was
observed after correction of the assay temperature.
Conclusion: Exercise induces a prothrombotic state that is partially
explained by exercise-induced rise in CBT. This study also shows that
athletes with a finish CBT up to 41.2 C do not demonstrate clinical
symptoms of thrombosis. We hypothesize that a specific CBT threshold needs to be exceeded before derailment of the hemostatic balance.
Finally, adjusting the assay temperature to the subjects CBT is recom-
mended to obtain essential insight in the hemostatic balance during

thermoregulatory challenging situations.
Disclosure of Interest: W. Van Heerde Shareholder of: previous Shareholder and owner of HaemoMagum BV, Grant/Research Support
from: previous research grant from Siemens, M. Veltmeijer: None
declared, W. Barteling: None declared, K. Verbeek-Knobbe: None
declared, T. Eijsvogels: None declared, M. Hopman: None declared.
PO469-TUE
In vitro interactions of sugammadex with various
anticoagulants
Kruithof AC1, Kluft C2, de Kam P-J3, Laterveer R2, Moerland M1
and Burggraaf J1
1
Centre for Human Drug Research; 2Good Biomarker Sciences,
Leiden, The Netherlands; 3Merck, Sharp & Dohme, Singapore,
Singapore
Background: The selective muscle relaxant binding agent sugammadex
(Bridion) is associated with limited and transient increase in APTT.
This modest increase does not translate into increased bleeding risks in
patients treated with UFH/LMWH and sugammadex1. We therefore
explored in vitro the potential interactions on APTT of sugammadex
with other common anticoagulants using UFH/LMWH as benchmark.
Aims: The aim was to investigate in vitro potential interaction between
sugammadex and various anticoagulants.
Methods: Pooled plasma of healthy volunteers was spiked with UFH
(0.15 U mL1), enoxaparin (5 and 10 lg mL1), fondaparinux (0.3
and 0.6 lg mL1), rivaroxaban (100 and 200 ng mL1) or dabigatran
(106 and 212 ng mL1) covering the therapeutic ranges. Sugammadex
was added at 50 and 200 lg mL1, corresponding with the plasma
concentrations for clinical doses of 4 and 16 mg kg1. Readout measure was APTT.
Results: Sugammadex (50 lg mL1) prolonged APTT by an additional 56 s in the presence of the highest concentrations of UFH, enoxaparin, fondaparinux and dabigatran and by 9 s for rivaroxaban. A
dose-dependent sugammadex-effect relationship was observed, independently of the anticoagulant concentration, with the exception of
rivaroxaban, for which the relationship increased with increasing rivaroxaban (+7 and +18 s APTT at 100 ng mL1 rivaroxaban, and +9
and +30 s at 200 ng mL1 rivaroxaban, for 50 and 200 lg mL1 sugammadex, respectively).
Conclusion: Sugammadex prolonged APTT in vitro in the presence of
UFH, enoxaparin, fondaparinux, dabigatran or rivaroxaban, with the
strongest effect observed for the latter. The limited and similar prolongation in APTT observed for sugammadex with UFH/LMWH and
sugammadex with fondaparinux/dabigatran suggest that also for the
latter compounds a clinically relevant interaction in vivo may be unlikely, but the interaction with rivaroxaban may require further investigation.
1
Anesthesiology, 2014 Nov;121(5):96977.
Disclosure of Interest: A. Kruithof Grant/Research Support from:
Merck, Sharp & Dohme, C. Kluft Grant/Research Support from:
Merck, Sharp & Dohme, P.-J. de Kam Employee of: Merck, Sharp &
Dohme, R. Laterveer Grant/Research Support from: Merck, Sharp &
Dohme, M. Moerland Grant/Research Support from: Merck, Sharp &
Dohme, J. Burggraaf Grant/Research Support from: Merck, Sharp &
Dohme.
ABSTRACTS
PO470-TUE
Coagulopathy and osmolar gap in critically ill patients:
an intimate relationship
Sukhanov V1, Petrova O2 and Levit A1
1
ICU, Regional Hospital #1; 2Regional Oncology Center,
Ekaterinburg, Russia
Background: Endogenous intoxication (EI) (i.e., the difference between
the measured and calculated osmolality GAP) in critically ill patients
(CIP) is often associated with coagulopathy.
Aims: The aim of our study was to evaluate the correlation between
GAP and the severity of coagulopathy.
Methods: We studied 135 pts with multiple organ failure (M/F 71/64;
mean age 47 15 years) admitted in intensive care unit (ICU) independent of the cause of admission. Osmolality of blood was assessed
with osmometer (Advanced InstrumentsTM Model 3320, USA). GAP
normal range 20 mOsm kg1. Investigated TEG (TEG analyzer
5000, USA) parameters were: R (our modification, RF patent
#2015515) time of reaction (normal range = 660970 s), F (our modification, RF patent #2358657) fibrinolysis (normal range = 60
120%). We evaluate the complex of hypercoagulant (HRP) and hypocoagulant (HOP) interaction of these two parameters. For this purpose we introduced a scoring assessment of their combined action:
HRPR < 500s = +1 score (normal range = 0), F < 40% = +1 score
(normal range=0); HOPr > 1500 = 1 score, F > 180% = 1 score.
Severity of coagulopathy was determined by overall score (OS): high
risk of thrombosis 2 scores, high risk of bleeding 2 scores.
Results: In 78 pts (58%) we found GAP20 mOsm kg1. 62% pts had
hyperfibrinolysis (F = 1 score, r = 0.651) and 35% HOP
(r > 1500 = 1 score, r = 0.352); OS = 1.4 (r = 0.66, P < 0.05). At
the same time, 38% pts had hypofibrinolysis (F=+1 score; r0.321) and
43%HRP (r < 500 = +1 score, r = 0.552), OS=+1.1 (r = 0.48,
P = 0.05).
Conclusion: There is relationship between EI and severity of coagulopathy in CIP. Combined (score) assessment of R and F TEG parameters allows better estimate the clinical significance of EI.
PO471-TUE
Net and neutrophil induced thrombin generation
Song J1, Lee E-Y2, Park R3, Song Y-J4, Jo YA1 and Yoo J5
1
Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul;
2
Laboratory Medicine, The Armed Forces Capital Hospital,
Seongnam; 3Laboratory Medicine, Soonchunhyang University
Seoul Hospital; 4Yonsei University Health System, Seoul;
5
Laboratory Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan
Hospital, Goyang, Korea
Background: Neutrophil extracellular trap is amorphous structure
composed of chromatin strand complexed with nucleosome and other
proteins released from stimulated neutrophils. The evidences of its role
in the development of thrombotic disease are now mounting.
Aims: The direct role of NET in thrombin generatoin and coagulation
factors contributing to NET assisted thrombin generation were examined.
Methods: Citrated plasma was added onto the NET containing medium and thrombin generation was measured by calibrated automated
thrombogram with freshly isolated neutrophils as control.
Results: Spontaneous thrombin generation in the presence of NET
always exceeded plasma alone or plasma with added PMA. The
amount of thrombin was comparable between plasmas primed by
NET and fresh neutrophils. The lag time of NET induced spontaneous
thrombin generation was 9.815.7 s and 9.514.0 s when induced by
viable neutrophils. The lag times for free plasma or plasma spiked with
PMA were 19.129.1 and 18.928.2 s respectively. The peak height of
677
thrombin generation was 87113 nM for NET and 87129 nM for

neutrophils, higher than free plasma (2161 nM) or PMA plasma (20
46 nM). Endogenous thrombin potentials for NET and neutrophils
were 585 1028 and 6051113 and unmeasurable due to incompletion
for free plasma and PMA plasma. Thrombin generation was substantial when factor VII deficient plasma incubated with NET or neutrophils. Negligible amount of thrombin was generated in the absence
of NET or neutrophil. Because NET induced factor XII activation has
been demonstrated, we also examined thrombin generation in the factor XII deficient plasma with NET or neutrophils. Unexpectedly both
NET and neutrophils induced significant thrombin generation. Substantial amount of thrombin was generated spontaneously in the presence of NET and neutrophils.
Conclusion: A complex underlying mechanism is responsible for NET
or neutrophil induced coagulation activation.
Reproductive issues II
PO472-TUE
Early anticoagulation and pregnancy outcomes in
patients referred to a service of thrombosis and
thrombophilia in pregnancy
Rocha TP, Barros V, Santos RK, Baptista FS, Franscisco RP and on
behalf of Thrombosis and Thrombophilia in Pregnancy, Clinics
Hospital, University of Sao Paulo
Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinics Hospital, University of Sao
Paulo, Brazil
Background: Adverse pregnancy outcomes are common in patients
with thrombophilia, mainly owing to placental insufficiency. The role
of enoxaparin in the prevention of such complications is still unclear.
Aims: To evaluate the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes and
thrombotic placental findings in patients with thrombophilia who
received heparin during the first trimester and patients who started
treatment after the first trimester.
Methods: Patients were referred to the service of Thrombosis and
Thrombophilia due to a known thrombophilia, previous thrombosis
or a bad obstetric past (previous stillbirth, preterm preeclampsia,
recurrent fetal loss, placental abruption). We retrospectively selected
84 patients with precocious anticoagulation (group1) and 74 patients
with anticoagulation after the first trimester (group 2) and analyzed
the following outcomes in both groups: live term birth, intrauterine
growth retardation, very low birth weight, fetal distress, intrauterine
fetal death, placental abruption, eclampsia and thrombotic placental
lesions.
Results: There was a higher incidence of previous VTE, the finding of
any thrombophilia and a history of recurrent abortion in group 1. The
group that did not receive heparin during the first trimester had a
higher incidence of preterm birth. This group also showed a tendency
toward an increased incidence of fetal distress, placental abruption
and intrauterine fetal death, but this increase was not statistically significant. Concerning thrombotic placental lesions, no significant difference was observed between the groups.
Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that a probably poor trophoblastic invasion and placentation occurs in patients with thrombophilia who receive late anticoagulation, which could increase bad obstetric
outcomes.
678
ABSTRACTS
PO473-TUE
Impact of hormone treatment in infertile women
undergoing artificial reproductive techniques (ART) on
thrombin generation, tissue factor, thrombomodulin
and procoagulant phospholipid activities.
Van Dreden P1, Mathieu dArgent E2, Comtet M2, Ketatni H3,
Grusse M1, Galea V3, Lefkou E4, Elalamy I3,4 and Gerotziafast G3,4
1
Clinical Research, Diagnostica Stago, Gennevilliers;
2
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; 3Haematology,
Tenon University Hospital; 4INSERM U938, Facult
e de M
edecine
Pierre et Marie Curie, Universit
e Paris VI, Paris, France
Background: Bloob hypercoagulability is implicated in the outcome of
the artificial reproductive techniques (ART). However its role is not
been sufficiently documented.
Aims: Infertile women eligible for ART were prospectively assessed for
the impact of hormone treatment on thrombin generation (TG) and
on the activities of Tissue Factor (TFa), thrombomodulin (TMa) and
procoagulant phospholipid dependent clotting time (PPL) and their
correlation with the ART outcome.
Methods: Eligible women for ART without any personal or family
VTE history or known thrombophilia (n = 38) and 30 healthy
matched women were studied. Blood samples were obtained at inclusion (T0), after hormone down-regulation (T1), FSH treatment (T2)
and hCG injection (T3). TG was measured by CAT assay. TFa and
TMa activities were determined by home made assays, and PPL by the
STA-Procoag-PPL (DiagnosticaStago, France). The Upper Normal
Limit (UNL) was determined in the control group as the mean + 2
SD.
Results: At T0 the ART group showed significantly increased TG vs.
the control group. Associations of PPL/TFa or TMa/TFa higher to
the UNL was found in 46% and 32% of ART negative women respectively and in 6% of ART positive women (P < 0.05). At T1 the associations of PPL/TFa or TMa/TFa higher to the UNL was found in 34%
and 19% of ART negative women respectively and in 0% and 10% of
ART positive women respectively (P < 0.05). At T2, TFa was higher
than the UNL, in 56% in the negative ART, and 9% in positive ART.
The association PPL/TFa was superior to the UNL in 25% of ART
negative vs. 0% in ART positive (P < 0.05). At T3 the TFa and PPL
were superior to UNL, in 36% and 28% of ART negative respectively,
and in 0% in positive ART.
Conclusion: Steady state hypercoagulability is frequent in infertile
women and is not amplified by treatment. Increased steady state levels
of TFa, TMa and PPL are correlated with negative ART outcome. A
larger study could allow to evaluate the clinical relevance of this association.
PO474-TUE
New thrombophilic risk factors in patients with
vascular placental complications (VPC) and pregnancy
or hormonal therapy related thrombosis and
management in the clinical practice. Results from the
international team project
Santamaria A1,2, on behalf of Team Project, Medina C3, on behalf
of TEAM Project, Oliver A4, on behalf of TEAM Project, Marti E5,
on behalf of TEAM Project, Mussio D6, Izal AR7, on behalf of
TEAM Project, Stevenazzi C6, on behalf of TEAM Project, de
Diego I8, on behalf of TEAM Project, Rodriguez-Huerta A9, on
behalf of TEAM Project on behalf of Casellas M, Llamas P,
Martinez O, Rodriguez-Martorell J, Ramrez IM, Guti
errez
Pimentel MJ and T
assies D on behalf of the TEAM Project of THE
Spanish Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis
1
Haemostasis and Thrombosis Unit, Haematology, Hospital De
Vall D0 Hebron; 2Haemostasis and Thrombosis Unit,
Haematology, Hospital Universitary Quiron Dexeus; 3Gynecology
and Obstetrics, Hospital de Sant Pau; 4Hematology, Fundacion
Puigvert, Hospital Sant Pau, Barcelona; 5Hematology, Hospital de
Manises, Valencia, Spain; 6Hematology, Hospital de Clnicas,
Montevideo, Uruguay; 7Hematology, Hospital de Navarra,
Navarra; 8Hematology, Mutua de Terrasa, Barcelona;
9
Hematology, Hospital Madrid, Madri, Spain
Background: Many questions regarding the management of CVG or
thrombosis during the pregnancy and the possible association of
thrombophilia with those complications as well as the need of thromboprophilaxys in those women are still unsolved.
Aims: We are conducting an international registry of women in these
situations called TEAM project: a multicenter observational cohort
study.
Methods: From 2009 almost 60 centres have participated. The Women
TEAM0 s profile was: 1. Women with hormonal therapy or pregnancyrelated thrombosis disease, 2. Women with history of VPC, 3. Thromboprophylaxis in women with VPC, 4. Thromboprophylaxis in women
with thrombophilia. The study has been approved by the Ethical Committee of each Centre.
Results: Total of 587 episodes have been included, 77 belonged to profile one, 169 profile two, 138 profile three and 190 profile 4. In general,
the most frequent thrombophilic factors were FII G20210A
[rs1799963] (34 cases),factor V Leiden [rs6025] (62 cases) polymorphisms and new risk factors such as high factor VIIIc levels (30 cases).
The most frequent factors in the VPC profile were the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (30 women), high factor VIIIc levels (9
women), deficiency of protein S (10 women), and also 12 women were
carriers of the allele A1 of the genotype ABO and homozygous polymorphism F12 46C/T (4 cases).
We recorded termination of pregnancy and bleeding complications in
treated or untreated with LMWH patients were performed. Low
molecular weight heparin (LMWH) was prescribed in 75% of women
and 25% was not. Minor bleeding was recorded in almost 2.4% episodes. No thrombosis or major bleeding related to treatment were
observed.
Conclusion: The TEAM project reflect sthe differences among investigators in management of thrombophilic women during pregnancy.
New thrombophilia factors seem to be important in this scenario such
as Factor VIIIc and homozygous polymorphism F12 46C/T and the
allele A1 (genotype ABO).
ABSTRACTS
PO475-TUE
Association between polymorphisms in Vascular
Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) gene and repeated
implantation failure (RIF)
Kim JO1,2, Jang HG1,2, Choi GH1,2, Ko KH1,2, An HJ1,2, Choi Y1,
Lee WS3 and Kim NK1,2
1
Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, Cha University;
2
Institute for Clinical Research, CHA Bundang Medical Center,
Seongnam; 3Fertility Center of CHA Gangnam Medical Center,
Cha University, Seoul, Korea
Background: The factors influencing a successful implantation are various including endometrium, thrombophilia, genetics, immunologic
factors and so on. However, the etiology of repeated implantation failure remains a complicate challenge in terms of clinical approach. Successful implantation occurs at a short time between days 7 to 10 of
secretory phase during normal menstrual cycle when the embryo develops to the blastocyst and migrates to the receptive uterus. The communication between the embryo and the uterus is crucial for
synchronizing embryo development and uterine differentiation at the
implantation window that are regulated by numerous pathways; hormones and signaling factors. In addition, vascular development or
angiogenesis are very important factor for successful implantation.
Aims: To investigate the association of vascular endothelial growth
factor (VEGF) polymorphisms (2578C>A, 1154G>A, 634G>C,
936C>T) with repeated implantation failure (RIF) in Korean women.
Methods: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment
length polymorphism (RFLP) analyses were performed for the
2578C>A and 936C>T genotypes. Real-time PCR (TaqMan allelic
discrimination assays) was also used to analyze the 1154G>A and
634G>C genotypes. The 116 patients with a history of two or more
unexplained consecutive implantation failure and 218 healthy controls
with at least one live birth and no history of implantation failure.
Results: The GG (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 2.543; 95% confidence
interval [CI] 1.2045.372) and CG+GG (AOR 2.090; 95% CI 1.048
4.165) genotypes of the VEGF 634G>C polymorphism was significantly different between women with RIF and controls. The differences in frequencies of the C-G-G-C, C-G-G-T, and A-A-G-C
haplotypes of the VEGF polymorphisms (2578C>A, 1154G>A,
634G>C, 936C>T) were marginally significant between the patient
and control groups.
Conclusion: This study suggests that VEGF polymorphisms and haplotypes are a genetic determinant for the risk of RIF in Korean women.
PO476-TUE
Maternal death and Venous Thromboembolism (VTE)
in patients admitted in a maternity of high risk: results
pre and post application of a risk score
Santos R, Barros VV, Igai AK, Francisco RP and Zugaib M
Obstetricia e Ginecologia, Hospital Das Cilnicas Faculdade De
Medicina Da Universidade De S~
ao Paulo, Brazil
Background: Hospitalization in pregnancy and childbirth greatly
increases the thromboembolic risk of these patients. The application
of a protocol for assessing the risk of VTE reduces mortality and morbidity of these phenomena.
Aims: Report cases of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in hospitalized
patients that occurred before and after the application of a protocol
for prevention of VTE.
Methods: Descriptive, observational, prospective study. The data were
collected between January 2013 and January 2015. A protocol for
VTE prevention in all patients during hospitalization was applied since
December 2013. Patients admitted to the service and who later developed venous thromboembolism were analyzed.
679
Results: There were 11 cases of venous thromboembolism during this

period. The prevalence in 2013 corresponded to 2.95/1000 births, totaling 6 events in this period:5 pulmonary embolism PE (4 PE and 1 PE
plus DVT). There were two maternal deaths due to PE this year prior
to the Protocol, one of which was associated with breast cancer and
chemotherapy during pregnancy and the other with clinical chorioamnionitis and postmortem diagnosis of SC hemoglobinopathy and corpulmonale. After the systematic application of VTE prevention protocol, there were no more maternal deaths. There were two cases of PE,
whose patients had very high risk score, but had bleeding risk due to
placenta previa accreta. Another 3 DVT occurred respectively at 12th,
28th and 31th day postpartum and a superficial venous thrombosis
(2th day postpartum) without identifiable risk factor. The risk assessment score failure rate was 0.33%.
Conclusion: The application of a risk score for VTE in hospitalized
patients had a major impact on maternal mortality. Thromboembolic
phenomena that occurred after the implementation of the protocol
had no mortality and were minor. The failure rate assessment of the
risk score was very low.
PO477-TUE
A common genetic background shared by women with
history of adverse pregnancy outcomes and
cardiovascular disease: a window to future
cardiovascular risk
Romagnuolo I1, Sticchi E2, Grifoni E2, Pazzi M3, Alessandrello
Liotta A2, Priora R2, Attanasio M3, Abbate R3 and Fatini C3
1
of Florence; 2AOU-Careggi; 3University of Florence, Florence,
Italy
Background: A history of placenta-mediated pregnancy complications
(PMPC) increases risk of cardiovascular disease later in life, possibly
related to the persistence of endothelial dysfunction. In addition to
classic cardiovascular biomarkers, there is a wide variety of non classic cardiovascular markers associated with endothelial dysfunction,
such as functional polymorphisms in candidate genes encoding for
renin angiotensin system (RAS) and NO components which may represent a common genetic background shared by women with history
of PMPC and vascular disorders
Aims: We investigated the prevalence of endothelium-related polymorphisms in 367 women with history of placenta-mediated pregnancy
complications, compared with 290 women with history of premature
cardiovascular events and 300 healthy women who delivered after
uneventful pregnancy (HW).
Methods: All subjects were genotyped for 7 polymorphisms in ACE,
AGTR1, AGT and eNOS genes
Results: ACE D allele frequency was similar between women with history of CVD and PMPC, and significantly higher than that observed
in HW [OR (95% CI) 1.91, P = 0.002, and OR (95% CI) 2.18,
P < 0.0001, respectively]. In women carrying ACE-240T or eNOS786C allele a two-fold increase in stillbirth susceptibility was evidenced
(P = 0.004, and P = 0.005, respectively). Women with history of stillbirth and premature CVD exhibited a significantly higher unfavorable
allelic burden 3 in comparison to that observed in HW (P < 0.0001
and P = 0.002, respectively).
Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate a common genetic background
shared by women with history of vascular disorders and placenta-mediated pregnancy complications; pregnancy may be considered a window to future cardiovascular risk, therefore non classic genetic
biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction might allow to identify women
who could have a greater benefit for an early cardiovascular screening
and prevention.
680
ABSTRACTS
PO478-TUE
POlymorphisms in tumor necrosis factor-alpha
(-863C>A, -857C>T AND + 488G>A) are associated
with idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss in Korean
women
Jeong An H1,2, Kim JO1,2, Jan HG1,2, Choi GH1,2, Ko KH1,2,
Kim JH3 and Kim NK1,2
1
Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University;
2
Institute for Clinical Research; 3Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA
Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
Background: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine generated by lymphocytes and T cells that have been stimulated with antigen by mononuclear phagocytes as well as natural killer
(NK) cells. Certain polymorphisms in the TNF-a gene affect cytokine
production levels. Thus, cytokine gene polymorphisms have been hypothesized to play a role in idiopathic RPL. So we investigate the association
between pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a)
genetic polymorphisms and recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL).
Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the association of three
TNF-a polymorphisms, TNF- -863C>A, TNF-a -857C>T and TNF-a
+ 488G>A. Blood samples were collected from 388 patients with idiopathic RPL and 224 control subjects
Methods: DNA was extracted from leukocytes using a G-DEXTM II
Genomic DNA Extraction kit (Intron Biotechnology, Seongnam,
Korea) according to the manufacturers instructions. The TNF-a 863C>A, TNF-a -857C>T and TNF-a + 488G>A polymorphisms were
detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length
polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis. The patients were enrolled
between March 1999 and February 2010 at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of CHA Bundang Medical Center (Seongnam,
South Korea).
Results: The TNF-a -863C>A variants increased risk of RPL (TNF-a
863CA + AA; adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 2.142; 95% confidence
interval [CI], 1.4933.074) and these data were not different in a stratified analysis according to the number of consecutive spontaneous
abortions. Also, also in haplotype analysis, there were similar trends
of data for combination analysis
Conclusion: In conclusion, this study showed significant associations
between TNF-a 863C>A gene polymorphisms and RPL in Korean
women. So, the results of these experiments, it is determined that
TNF-a gene can have an effect on recurrent pregnancy loss in Korean
women.
PO479-TUE
The impact of mode of delivery and postpartum
thromboprophylaxis on rotational thromboelastometry
(ROTEM) in pregnant women with a high risk of
postpartum venous thromboembolism
1,2
1,3
Guimicheva B , Roberts L , Patel J , Subramanaian D and

Arya R1
1
Kings Thrombosis Center, Haematological Medicine; 2Womens
Health, Kings College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust; 3Institute
of Pharmaceutical Science, Kings College London, London, UK
Background: Pregnancy is a known hypercoagulable state with venous
thromboembolism a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. Anticoagulant and mechanical thromboprophylaxis (TP) for
women at high-risk postpartum is therefore recommended, although
optimal risk stratification remains uncertain. ROTEM has previously
demonstrated hypercoagulability in normal pregnancy.
Aims: To investigate the impact of mode of delivery and postpartum
TP on hypercoagulability as measured by ROTEM.
Methods: Ethical approval and consent were obtained. Women likely

to require postnatal TP according to local guidelines were recruited.
Bloods were taken pre delivery (T1), post delivery (T2), post 1st dose
prophylactic enoxaparin (T3), and at 6 weeks (T4) for ROTEM.
Parameters of interest were INTEM clotting time (CT), clot formation
time (CFT) and maximum clot firmness (MCF) and FIBTEM MCF
(FMCF).
Results: One hundred and one women were recruited with mean age
35.8, BMI 29, parity > 2 in 35.7% of cases. Vaginal deliveries (VD)
accounted for 32.7% of deliveries. Median number of postpartum risk
factors in VD was 2 and caesarean section (CS) 3. At T1 and T2 ROTEM profiles were hypercoagulable with shortening of CT, CFT with
increased MCF & FMCF compared to T4. At T3 these changes were
attenuated. At T2 post VD, there was significantly shorter CFT (46.5
vs. 54, P = 0.002), and higher MCF (73 vs. 71, P = 0.001) and FMCF
(28 vs. 23, P < 0.001) compared to CS. At T3, post enoxaparin, both
groups showed shortened CT and CFT, more pronounced post VD
(CT 148 vs. 159, P = 0.035; CFT 47 vs. 50, P = 0.026). At T4 there
was no significant difference between groups, with normalisation to
presumed pre-pregnancy results.
Conclusion: ROTEM illustrates hypercoagulability associated with
pregnancy and delivery; this is attenuated by thromboprophylaxis and
resolved at 6 weeks. The ROTEM changes at T2 demonstrate
enhanced hypercoagulability in those post VD compared to CS, suggesting current UK risk stratification and recommendations for postpartum thromboprophylaxis are appropriate.
Disclosure of Interest: B. Guimicheva: None Declared, L. Roberts
Grant/Research Support from: Covidien, Speaker Bureau of: Bayer
and Covidien, J. Patel Grant/Research Support from: Bayer, D. Subramanaian: None Declared, R. Arya Grant/Research Support from:
Bayer and Covidien.
PO480-TUE
Retrospective study of patients who were treated with
fondaparinux pre-, peri- and/or postpartum for
prophylaxis or treatment of venous thromboembolism
(FONDAPPP)
Dempfle C-E1, Koscielny J2, Lindhoff-Last E3, Oldenburg J4,
Pollmann H5, Kappert G6, Scholz U7, Kropff S8, Eberle S9 and
Heinken A10
1
IMD Coagulation Center Mannheim, Mannheim; 2Institute for
Transfusion Medicine, Charite, Berlin; 3Kardiologisches Centrum
Bethanien, Frankfurt; 4Institute for Transfusion Medicine,
University Hospital Bonn, Bonn; 5Institute for Thrombophilia and
Haemostasology, Muenster; 6Gerinnungszentrum Rhein-Ruhr,
Duisburg; 7MVZ Labor Leipzig, Leipzig; 8Glaxo Smith Kline;
9
Winicker-Norimed GmbH; 10Aspen Europe GmbH, Munich,
Germany
Background: Low-molecular weight heparins (LMWH) are the preferred agents for anticoagulation in pregnancy. Still, in a considerable
proportion of pregnancies heparin intolerance (allergic reactions, HIT,
increases in liver enzymes or other events) make it necessary to change
to another anticoagulant. Fondaparinux is a synthetic selective indirect inhibitor of factor Xa with a favourable efficacy/safety profile
compared to LMWH.
Aims: In this retrospective multi-center study we descriptively analyzed
data of women who had been treated for 7 days with fondaparinux
during pregnancy.
Methods: In total, 120 women (mean [SD] age 31.5 5.4 years)
from 7 specialist centres were included. Of 85 women with former
pregnancy 60.0% had suffered 1 abortion. The indication of anticoagulation was prophylactic in 92.5% of all women, in 99 women
(82.5%) specifically due to an elevated VTE risk. Of these, 82.8% had
ABSTRACTS
known thrombophilia (mostly without previous VTE) and 33.3% a
history of VTE. All women received LMWH first-line (median treatment duration: 54 days) (3 additionally received UFH). Mainly due to
heparin allergy or heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT-2) treatment was changed to fondaparinux (predominant dose 2.5 mg day1;
median treatment duration: 131 days).
Results: Fondaparinux was well tolerated, with no complications
reported in 111 of 120 patients. Adverse events included one case of
abdominal wall hematoma, four cases of vaginal hemorrhage, one
hemorrhage of other location, one drop in platelet count without
thrombotic complications, one abortion, one premature birth, one
stillbirth, and one child born with trisomy 18. Thromboembolic
events, allergic reactions, or increased liver enzymes, did not occur
during fondaparinux treatment.
Conclusion: In this retrospective study, a notable number of pregnant
women at risk of VTE and with intolerance to LMWH received successful and safe long-term treatment with fondaparinux.
Disclosure of Interest: C.-E. Dempfle Speaker Bureau of: Aspen Europe GmbH, J. Koscielny: None Declared, E. Lindhoff-Last: None
Declared, J. Oldenburg: None Declared, H. Pollmann: None Declared,
G. Kappert: None Declared, U. Scholz: None Declared, S. Kropff
Employee of: Glaxo-Smith-Kline GmbH, S. Eberle Employee of: Winicker-Norimed GmbH, A. Heinken Employee of: Aspen Europe
GmbH.
PO481-TUE
Rotational thromboelastometry in pregnancy and its
role in assessment of haemostasis in women with
factor XI deficiency
Davies J and Kadir R
Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
Background: Women with FXI deficiency are at an increased risk of
bleeding complications at delivery. Obstetric management is complicated by a lack of correlation between FXI level and bleeding risk.
Aims: This study had two aims; firstly to assess the difference in rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) in pregnant women with FXI
deficiency compared to parturient and non-parturient controls; and
secondly to evaluate the usefulness of ROTEM in assessing bleeding
risk at delivery in women with FXI deficiency.
Methods: ROTEM was performed on 60 women; 27 with FXI deficiency, 20 age-matched parturient controls during the third trimester
of pregnancy, and 12 non-parturient controls. We reviewed ROTEM
analysis, pregnancy outcomes and haemostatic cover in 57 deliveries
of women with FXI deficiency. Women with FXI deficiency were categorised according to how ROTEM parameters were in keeping with
normal pregnancy
Results: Women with FXI deficiency had longer clotting time (CT)
compared to parturients (P= < 0.001), but shorter clot formation time
(CFT) (P= < 0.001) and increased alpha angle (P= < 0.001) compared
to non-parturients. The maximum clot strength was increased in FXI
deficiency patients compared to non-parturients (P = 0.005) and no
difference in clot lysis was detected between the groups. Postpartum
haemorrhage occurred in 11/57 (19.3%) of deliveries. In each case
there were additional obstetric risk factors.
Conclusion: ROTEM is useful in assessing the overall haemostatic
function in women with FXI deficiency in pregnancy. An individualised risk assessment incorporating the bleeding history, FXI levels
and ROTEM is necessary for deciding appropriate haemostatic cover
at delivery.
681
PO482-TUE
Thrombin generation in women undergoing ivf treatment
is prolonged, but not enhanced compared to controls
Chaireti R1 and Bremme K2
1
Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery; 2Department
of Women0 s and Children0 s Health, Karolinska Institutet,
Stockholm, Sweden
Background: It has been described, that during in vivo fertilization
(IVF) treatment a procoagulant state, expressed by increased thrombin generation (TG), is reached; the implication of this finding are
unclear.
Aims: The aim of the study was to evaluate the changes in the coagulation potential during IVF treatment by measuring thrombin generation and to compare the results to those obtained from healthy women
not taking any hormonal treatment during the menstrual cycle.
Methods: The patient cohort consisted of 26 women undergoing IVF.
Blood samples were collected during: (i) the down-regulation phase,
(ii) 58 days prior to oocyte retrieval, (iii) 23 days prior to oocyte
retrieval and (iv) during oocyte retrieval.
Blood samples from 102 healthy women were collected during the follicular and the luteal phase of a menstrual cycle and were used as controls (mean values). TG was measured by the Calibrated Automated
Thrombogram (CAT) in all samples. The markers measured were
lagtime, endogenous thrombin potential (ETP), peak thrombin concentration and time to peak (ttpeak).
Results: ETP and peak were significantly lower during phase 1 compared to the three other phases whereas peak was significantly higher
during phase 4 compared to phases 2 and 3. On the contrary, ttpeak
was significantly higher during phase 1 compared to phases 2, 3 and 4.
When thrombin generation in patients was compared to the values
obtained from controls (mean values), it was shown that ETP was
slightly lower during phase 1 compared to controls, but otherwise no
significant differences were observed. The time parameters (lagtime
and ttpeak) as well as the peak thrombin generation were significantly
prolonged during IVF (all phases) compared to controls.
Conclusion: It appears that TG is prolonged, rather than enhanced
during IVF treatment compared to controls. Whether this prolongation is linked to increased procoagulant activity and risk for thrombosis is unclear and more studes are required.
PO483-TUE
Low-molecular weight heparin in pregnancies after
art: a randomized study
L1, Banfi E1, Cafaro L2,3,
Lodigiani C1, Ferrazzi P1, Libre
2
1
Morenghi M , Demarco M , Quaglia I1 and Levi-Setti P3
1
Thrombosis Center Cardiovascular Department; 2Istituto Clinico
Humanitas-Irccs, Rozzano, Milan, Italy; 3Fertility Center, Istituto
Clinico Humanitas-Irccs, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
Background: The number of embryo implantation in Assisted Reproductive Techniques (ART) remains low, despite new techniques or the
off-label use of antithrombotic drugs, as heparins or aspirin. The
potential role of thrombophilia in worsening the implantation rate is
still debated.
Aims: The aim of this first prospective and randomized trial was to
evaluate the potential benefit in pregnancy rate of parnaparin, used at
body weight adjusted dose (4250 UI if body weight under 60 kg,
6400 UI if above 60 kg), once per day subcutaneously, starting from
ovulation induction until delivery in ART.
Methods: We enrolled 256 infertile women (mean age 35.8, 2640 years
old; idiopathic infertility 9.38%; primary infertility 66.2%; first ART
attempt: 35.94%, three ART attempts: 18%), undergoing a new
682
ABSTRACTS
ART (91.3% ICSI, 8.30% FIVET), prospectively randomized to

receive or not studied treatment. We excluded women with severe
thrombophilia
(antiphospholipid
antibodies,
FVLeiden
or
FIIG20210A omozygous, FVLeiden+FIIG20210A eterozygous, natural anticoagulants deficiency) or previous thrombosis. Testicular or
frozen sperms, aspirin or steroids were not allowed. Participants gave
written informed consent, and were shared in three age groups: 35
(38.28%), 3638 (26.41), 3940 (37.11%).
Results: Total thrombophilias carriers were 11.3%. We obtained 33
(25.58%) pregnancies in not-treated and 27 (21.26%) in treated group
(P 0.462). No significant differences also analyzing the three age
groups: 35 (17 vs. 12%), 3638 (18 vs. 20%), 3940 (22.58 vs. 15.63).
The study is ongoing and definitive data about life-born children are
not available, but preliminary results document a lower miscarriages
rate in treated group (2.36 vs. 4.65).
Conclusion: In this first prospective randomized trial we dont document efficacy of parnaparin to avoid implantation failure in ART,
despite of thrombophilia, but it could be possible to demonstrate a
positive effect on life-born children rate. We confirm mild thrombophilia doesnt influence pregnancy outcome in ART.
PO484-TUE
Effects of sildenafil citrate on coagulation process
during pregnancy: a promising therapeutic approach in
combination with low molecular weight heparin for
recurrent pregnancy loss
Luna R1,2, Peixoto C1, Croy A2 and Othman M2,3
1
Ultrastructure Laboratory, Aggeu Magalh~
aes Research Center,
FIOCRUZ, Brazil; 2Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queens
University; 3School of Baccalaureate Nursing, St Lawrence
College, Kingston, ON, Canada
Background: Acute and recurrent pregnancy losses (RPL) are common
womens health issues occurring in 20% of the pregnancies. Indeed
inflammatory and thrombotic events have been associated with spontaneous pregnancy loss. New approaches are needed to improve the
treatments of women suffering with RPL. Sildenafil Citrate (Sil); a
phosphidiesterase-5 inhibitor is an FDA authorised drug to use for
erectile dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension. However was also
used for treatment of fetal growth restriction. The effect of Sil on coagulation and the understanding of the mechanism involved in RPL in
relationship to coagulopathies would be essential for optimal treatment modalities.
Aims: To investigate the effects of Sildenafil on maternal blood coagulation and fetal health in association with recurrent pregnancy loss
Methods: RPL model was induced in pregnant Albino Swiss mice by
injection of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) (100 lg kg1) at gestational
day (gd) 15.0. Mice were treated with Sil (50 mg kg1) and Low
Molecular Weight Heparin (LMWH) (500 IU kg1) starting at gd 0,
either separately or in combination, and were compared to saline
injected control mice. Mice blood samples were collected and used for
Thrombelastography (TEG) analysis and the fetuses were clinically
analysed. Healthy womens blood samples were treated ex vivo with
Sil (200 ng mL1) and LMWH (0.2 IU mL1) and used for TEG
analysis. Two way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis
Results: Combined Sil and LMWH treatment improved the health status of the fetuses, improved the LPS induced coagulopathy and
brought TEG parameters close to the control group even after LPS
administration. Sil improved significantly MA, LY30 and CI in mice
and Sil alone did not change the coagulation pattern in normal
womens blood samples but potentiated the LMWH effects
Conclusion: Sil is a safe drug and represents a potential novel therapeutic target to RPL, especially as an adjuvant to LMWH treatment
Risk Factors Venous Thrombosis II

PO485-TUE
A risk score for prediction of recurrence in patients
with unprovoked venous thromboembolism (damoves)
nchez JO1, Daz RMM1,
Moreno AIF1, Navarro MJG1, Sa
2
Cerezo EM , de Ancos Aracil CL3, Daz VM1, Garca AG1,
Hern
andez CM1, Arponen S1, Clotet NC4 and Giardn JMR3
1
n; 2Hospital Universitario Rey
Hospital Universitario de Torrejo
Juan Carlos; 3Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada; 4Hospital
Universitario Clnico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
Background: In patients with unprovoked venous thromboembolism
(VTE), the optimal duration of anticoagulation is anchored on estimating the risk of disease recurrence.
Aims: We sought to develop a simple risk score for prediction of the
recurrence risk in patients with a first unprovoked VTE.
Methods: Patients with a first unprovoked VTE were recruited from
Hospital de Torrej
on and Hospital de Fuenlabrada, between March
2004 and August 2013. They were treated with oral anticoagulants for
at least 3 months. We excluded patients with a strong thrombophilic
defect. Preselected clinical and laboratory variables were analyzed
based of the independent confirmation of the impact on the recurrence
risk, simplicity of assessment, and reproducibility. We developed a
nomogram to calculate risk score of recurrence in an individual
patient.
Results: In a prospective cohort study 398 patients with a first unprovoked VTE were followed up for a median of 21, 3 months after discontinuation of anticoagulation. A total of 65 patients (16.3%) had
recurrent VTE. In all patients, VTE recurred spontaneously. Male sex
(HR=2.89 [95% CI 1.216.90] P = 0.016), age (HR=1.0310 per additional decade [95% CI 1.011.07] P = 0.011), obesity (HR=3.92 [95%
CI 1.758.75] P = 0.0001), varicose veins (HR=4.14 [95% CI 1.81
9.43] P = 0.0001), abnormal D-dimer during anticoagulation
(HR=13.66 [95% CI 4.7439.37] P = 0.0001), high factor VIII coagulant activity (HR=1.01 [95% CI 1.001.02] P = 0.028) and heterozygous of factor V Leiden and/or Prothrombin G20210A mutation
(HR=13.86 [95% CI 5.8732.75] P = 0.0001) were related to a higher
recurrence risk. According to the nomogram, a score < 11.5 points
was considered a low recurrence risk.
Conclusion: The DAMOVES prediction model may be useful to decide
whether anticoagulant therapy should be continued indefinitely or
stopped after an initial treatment period of at least 3 months in
patients with a first unprovoked VTE. The model should undergo
external validation before it is applied in routine clinical practice.
PO486-TUE
Analysis of prothrombin mutants in NA+ binding
domain as a potential candidate conveying
antithrombin resistance
Murata M1,2, Mizutani N1, Takagi Y1, Hasebe R1, Kozuka T1,
Nakata Y1, Takagi A1 and Kojima T1
1
Pathophysiological Laboratory Sciences, Nagoya University
Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya; 2Research Fellow of Japan
Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
Background: Antithrombin (AT) resistance (ATR) is a risk of thrombosis, because the mutant thrombin is impaired in inactivation by AT
resulting in a prolonged procoagulant activity. We have reported 2
ATR mutations in prothrombin gene (p.R596L, prothrombin Yukuhashi; p.R596Q, prothrombin Belgrade). On the basis of protein structure prediction in thrombin-AT complex, 596R lies in the Na+ binding
ABSTRACTS
region and forms hydrogen bonds directly between 265N of AT. 599K
also binds by a hydrogen bond directly to 264E of AT, and 540T,
541R and 592E bind indirectly to AT. 509E in thrombin forms intramolecular hydrogen bonds between 596R.
Aims: We aimed to evaluate ATR of each mutant prothrombin as a
possible candidate for the risk of thrombosis.
Methods: Expression vectors of wild-type and 30 distinct mutants
caused by single nucleotide substitution at 599K, 540T, 541R, 592E
and 509E were constructed. After stable transformants of HEK293
cells were established, we prepared respective recombinant prothrombins. We measured procoagulant activity of each recombinant by twostage chromogenic assay using S-2238. To evaluate ATR, we prepared
each reconstituted plasma by mixing prothrombin deficient plasma
and recombinant prothrombin, and measured the residual thrombin
activity during inactivation by AT using modified our ATR detecting
assay. The effect of each mutation on the protein structure prediction
in thrombin-AT complex was predicted.
Results: All recombinant prothrombins were applicably secreted.
Procoagulant activity of each mutant varied from 107.8% to 2.1% in
two-stage chromogenic assay. In addition to 2 reported ATR mutations (596L and Q), all 599 and 540 mutants, as well as 592 mutants
except for 592V, showed severe ATR. All 541 mutants and 592V
showed relatively mild ATR compared with the other mutants. It was
forecasted by in silico analysis that each mutation disrupted conformation of the molecule and hydrogen bounds.
Conclusion: Some of prothrombin mutations tested may have a potential risk for thrombosis due to ATR.
PO487-TUE
Oral anticoagulant therapy for the prevention of
recurrent thrombosis in patients with polycythemia
vera or essential thrombocythemia
Arellano-Rodrigo E1, Hern
andez-Boluda JC2, Cervantes F3,
mez M2, Barba P5, Mata MI6, Gonz
alezAlvarez-Larran A4, Go
Porras JR7, Ferrer-Marn F8, Garca-Guti
errez V9, Magro E10,
erez-Encinas M13, Estrada N14,
Moreno M11, Kerguelen A12, P
15
4
1
Ayala R , Besses C , Pereira A and on behalf of the Grupo
~olde Enfermedades Mieloproliferativas Filadelfia Negativas
Espan
(GEMFIN)
1
Hemotherapy and Hemostasis, Hospital Clnic, Barcelona;
2
Hematology and Medical Oncology, Hospital Clnico
Universitario, Valencia; 3Hematology, Hospital Clnic, IDIBAPS,
University of Barcelona; 4Hematology, Hospital del Mar;
5
Hematology, Hospital Vall dHebron, Barcelona; 6Hematology,
Hospital Costa del Sol, Marbella; 7Hematology, Hospital
Universitario de Salamanca-IBSAL, Salamanca; 8Hematology,
Hospital Morales Meseguer, Murcia; 9Hematology, Hospital
n y Cajal, Madrid; 10Hematology, Hospital Prncipe de
Ramo
Asturias, Alcala de Henares; 11Hematology, Hospital Dr. Negrn,
Las Palmas; 12Hematology, Hospital La Paz, Madrid;
13
Hematology, Hospital Clnico, Santiago de Compostela;
14
Hematology, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona;
15
Hematology, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
Background: A third of patients with polycythemia vera (PV) or essential thrombocythemia (ET) experience a thrombotic episode at disease
diagnosis or during follow-up. However, it is unclear whether the clinical management of anticoagulation intended for the general population is applicable to this particular subset of patients.
Aims: To analyze the risk of thrombotic recurrence in a multicenter
series of PV and ET patients who had an arterial or venous episode at
disease presentation or during follow-up and received oral anticoagulation therapy with vitamin K antagonists (VKAs).
683
Methods: We have retrospectively compared the incidence of recurrent

major thrombosis and hemorrhage during the observation periods in
which the patients were with or without VKA therapy, and tried to
identify the risk factors associated with these vascular complications.
Results: A total of 150 patients (79 PV, 71 ET) had at least one thrombotic episode, mainly involved the venous territory (116 or 77% cases).
After an observation period of 963 patient-years, the incidence of
recurrent thrombosis was 6.0 per 100 patient-years. History of thrombosis prior to the diagnosis was a predictor of recurrent venous thrombosis (IRR: 9.8, 95% CI: 3.329, P < 0.001), while cardiovascular risk
factors (IRR: 7.0, 95% CI: 1.826, P = 0.004) and the JAK2 mutation
(IRR: 10.0, 95% CI: 1.580, P = 0.03) increased the risk of arterial
recurrences. The recurrences were significantly lower while the patients
were on VKA (4.5 vs. 12.0 per 100 patient-years, P < 0.0005). VKA
treatment was associated with a 2.8-fold reduction in the risk of
thrombotic recurrence. There was no significant difference in the incidence of hemorrhage according to whether the patient was or not on
VKA treatment (1.8 vs. 1.5 per 100 patient-years, respectively,
P = 0.8).
Conclusion: Our results support the use of long-term VKA therapy for
the prevention of recurrent thrombosis in patients with PV or ET.
PO488-TUE
ACSF2 expression and risk of recurrence after a first
unprovoked deep venous thrombosis event. Results
from the Retro Study
lez-Porras J3,
Lecumberri R1, Montes R2, Guruceaga E2, Gonza
4
5
6
7
8, Llamas P9,
Reverter J , Marco P , Pina E , Trujillo J , Bernardo A
10
10
11

Lorenzo A , Fernandez-Capitan C , Jimenez D , Alfonso A1,
P
aramo J1, Hermida J2 and Spanish Society on Thrombosis
Haemostasis (SETH)
1
n M
University Clinic of Navarra; 2Centro de Investigacio
edica
Aplicada, Pamplona; 3Hospital Clnico Universitario, Salamanca;
4
Hospital Clinic, Barcelona; 5Hospital General Universitario,
Alicante; 6Hospital Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat; 7Hospital
Universitario Santa Luca, Cartagena; 8Hospital Universitario
n Jim
Central de Asturias, Oviedo; 9Fundacio
enez Daz;
10
n y
Hospital Universitario La Paz; 11Hospital Universitario Ramo
Cajal, Madrid, Spain
Background: Provided the bleeding rates associated with anticoagulant
therapy, the identification of patients with unprovoked venous thromboembolism with higher recurrence risk would improve the selection
of those who would benefit most from extended therapy.
Aims: To assess differences in the gene expression profile of peripheral
blood cells between patients with or without recurrence after withdrawal of anticoagulant therapy for a first episode of unprovoked deep
vein thrombosis (uDVT), in order to identify novel predictors of recurrence.
Methods: Patients with and without recurrent thrombosis after a first
uDVT event were recruited. In the discovery population (N = 32), a
microarray RNA assay was performed. In the validation population
(N = 44) a multiple RT-PCR-based strategy was applied to assess
those genes differentially expressed in the discovery population.
Results: In the discovery population the sex-adjusted Linear Model for
Microarray Data (LIMMA) analysis showed 102 genes differentially
expressed (P < 0.01) between patients with or without recurrent DVT.
Following biological plausibility criteria, 19 of them underwent further
confirmation in the validation population. The gene encoding for
Acyl-CoA Synthetase Family Member 2 (ACSF2) was underexpressed
in recurrent DVT patients in both, the discovery (P = 0.007) and validation population (P = 0.004). In the receiver operator characteristic
684
ABSTRACTS
(ROC) analysis, ACSF2 expression showed sensitivity and specificity

over 70%.
Conclusion: We have identified for the first time an association between
ACSF2 expression and the risk of recurrent DVT. Should this association be confirmed in larger prospective studies, ACSF2 would become
an attractive predictor to help in the selection of patients requiring
extended anticoagulant therapy.
This study was funded by a grant from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III
(FIS) (PI09/0700).
PO489-TUE
Prospective observational study on incidence of
venous thromboembolism in medically-ill hospitalized
elderly patients
Lee J-O1, Kim JW1, Kim SH1, Kim YJ1, Lee K-W1, Kim JH1,
Yoon H-J2 and Bang S-M1
1
Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital,
Seongnam; 2Department of Hematology-Oncology, College of
Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
Background: Pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis (TP) is recommended for hospitalized medical patients with risk of thrombosis.
Advanced age is a risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE) and
elelderly compose the most of medical in-patients. Ethnic differences
in incidence of VTE in hospitalized medical patients seem to exist
between Korean and western people.
Aims: We conducted a prospective observational study to estimate the
incidence of asymptomatic VTE in medically-ill hospitalized elderly
patients.
Methods: Medical patients who were older than 65 years, whose projected stay in the hospital at least 5 days were eligible. Patients who
had known thrombophilia, a life expectancy of < 3 months, and took
anticoagulation were excluded. Patients were examined for deep vein
thrombosis (DVT) by duplex and color Doppler ultrasonography
(DUS) of both legs.
Results: Between Feb 2012 and July 2014, 201 patients were screened
with DUS and 185 eligible patients were analyzed. The median age
was 73 years (range 6595) and 54% were female. The median duration of hospitalization was 13 days and 73% of the patients had active
malignancy including 118 solid and 36 hematologic malignancies. Padua prediction score 4 was 82.7%. The incidence of DVT detected by
DUS during hospital stay was 8.6% (n = 16) including 9 proximal
DVT, and all cases were asymptomatic. The incidence of DVT in
patients with solid or hematologic malignancies and other benign illnesses were 9.3%, 8.3% and 6.5%, respectively (P = 0.877). Nine of
16 patients received anticoagulation treatment (ACT) and 3 completed
planned ACT. Cases of early stopping ACT were caused by bleeding
complication (n = 2), deconditioning related with infection and uncontrolled underlying malignancy (n = 2) and death of unknown cause
(n = 1)
Conclusion: Korean elderly hospitalized patients had comparable risk
of DVT when compared with that of western population, and pharmacologic TP for high-risk group should be considered.
PO490-TUE
Inherited prothrombotic risk factors in children with
intracranial venous thrombosis: single center
experience in Turkey
Patiroglu T1, Koc G2, Canpolat M3, Unal E1, Doganay S2,
Karakukcu M1 and Ozdemir M1
1
Pediatric Hematology; 2Pediatric Radiology; 3Pediatric
Neurology, Erciyes University Medical Faculty, Kayseri, Turkey
Background: Intracranial venous thrombosis (IVT) is a rare condition
in childhood, with a wide variety of clinical features and etiologies.
Aims: We aimed to describe the inherited prothrombotic risk factors in
children with IVT, confirmed by neuroimaging.
Methods: The retrospective study involved reviewing the records of
patients who were admitted to our hospital during the years of 2010
2014. The patients diagnosed as having IVT, confirmed by neuroimaging were investigated for the common thrombophilia markers, such as
protein C (PC), protein S (PS), antithrombin III (AT III), factor V
G1691A and prothrombin 620210A mutations, methylenetetrahyrafolate reductase (MTHRF) C677T, and MTHFR A1298C genotypes.
Results: The clinical manifestations in 18 patients with IVT included
headache, seizures, cranial nerve palsy, and hemiparesis. Transfer
sinus thrombosis was the commonest site (50%) followed by diffuse
sinus thrombosis (31.25%). Two patients had PC deficiency. Furthermore, one of them had homozygous MTHFR C677T genotype. No
patient had PS and ATIII deficiencies, and prothrombin 620210A
mutations. Eleven patients showed the MTHFR genotype (homozygous C677T, n = 4, heterozygous C677T, n = 5, heterozygous A1298
C, n = 2); and 1 patient was carrier of heterozygous factor V mutation.
Conclusion: Early diagnosis by fast and safe radiological methods
(neuroimaging of the brain), investigation of thrombophilia markers
and the appropriate anti-clotting therapy in acute phase may prevent
death due to IVT at the pediatric age.
PO491-TUE
Thromboprophylaxis skipped doses in hospitalized
patients. Can we recognize which are the causes or
factors?
Vilaseca AB1, Barbera R2, Bonadeo J1, Kujta N1 and Lopez A3
1
Hematology, Clinica San Camilo Buenos Aires Argentina;
2
Internal Medicine, Clinica San Camilo; 3Internal Medicine,
Clinica San Camilo Buenos Aires Argentina, C.A.B.A, Argentina
Background: We know that a large number of hospitalized patients are
at risk for Venous Thromboembolic (VTE). In order to reduce
patient0 s VTE risk in our Institution, we wrote our own thromboprophylaxis guidelines based on 2008 and 2012 American College of Chest
Physicians (ACCP) guidelines. We also measured medical 0 s staff
guideline adherence every 6 months. Nowadays we know that we have
a 87% guideline adherence in medical and surgical patients. Having
already improved this, clarifying which are the causes for skipping
doses, this will be our next step to focus in order to improve thromboprophylaxis adherence.
Aims: Establish the number of skipped doses per patient and the association between skipped doses and some analyzed variables
Methods: Retrospective, analytical and descriptive study of 104 hospitalized patients. Variables analyzed: age, gender, length of stay, programmed vs. urgent admission, change of hospitalization area,
skipped doses (interruption of prophylactic doses that have been justified or not) and modifications of doses. A logistic regression analysis
was performed to identify causes factors that were associated to
skipped doses.
ABSTRACTS
Results: Fifty-five per cent patients without skipped doses, and 1
skipped dose every 11.80 days. Average days of hospitalized
12.90 days. In general, we observed more skipped doses in patients
with a larger length of stay, patients that are at urgency for admission,
patients that change of hospitalized area. After all adjusted factors,
the interruption of dose (justified or not) is an independent factor from
skipped doses with an odds ratio 12.53 (IC 4.4834.98)
Conclusion: To improve our work we need to detect strengths and
weaknesses. When patients need to interrupt prophylaxis for different
circumstances as invasive procedures, the prophylaxis enters in the
more dangerous area for skipped doses followed by changes in hospitalization area and in length of stay. All this information will help us
to be extremely careful when the patient is placed in any of these circumstances.
PO492-TUE
Identification of a novel homozygous mutation
responsible for type II (P.S169F) antithrombin
deficiency
Wu Y1,2, Tang L1,2,Zeng W1,2 and Hu Y1,2
1
Institute of Haematology; 2Hubei Clinical Research Center of
Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Wuhan, China
Background: Antithrombin deficiency increases the risk of thrombosis.
Complete quantitative deficiency results in intrauterine lethality.
Aims: Here we report a patient who is viable with homozygous antithrombin deficiency.
Methods: The proband is a 37-year-old male who developed a deepvein
thrombosis. He underwent a serial of thrombophilic tests including
antithrombin activity, protein C activity, proteinS activity, and antiphospholipid antibodies. The antithrombin antigen was measured,
when a declined antithrombin activity was observed. Then a mutation
analysis was performed by sequencing the whole SERPINC1gene compassing promoter region, seven exons and the flanking intronic
regions. To evaluate the influences of the mutation on blood coagulation, thrombin-generation tests (TGT) were performed.
Results: A C5462T (p.S169F) mutation in the exon3 of antithrombin
gene was identified. The patient showed mildly reduced antithrombin
activity, while other tests for the detection of thrombophilia were normal. Thus, the anti-IIa activity in the presence of unfractionated heparin was 31%(reference range, 80% > 120%), whereas the anti-IIa
activity in the presence of low molecular weight heparin was 49%(reference range, 80% > 120%). Nevertheless antithrombin antigen concentration was within the normal range. Higher TGT parameter with
an
increased
endogenous
thrombin
potential
value
(1340.21 nm min1, reference range, < 835 nm min1) was observed.
Conclusion: This is the first report of a novel homozygous type II antithrombin mutation in China. Mutations in the heparin-binding site of
antithrombin have been believed to be of low importance with regard
to thrombosis risk. Accordingly, further studies must be performed to
clarify the effect of this mutation causing heparin-binding defects. Our
results indicate that the use of heparin in these patients may be ineffective as the mutation impairs the activation induced by heparin.
685
PO493-TUE
Impact of inherited risk factors of venous
thromboembolism (VTE) on the associations between
red cell distribution width and risk of VTE
Ellingsen T1, Lappeg
ard J1, Smith E2, Wilsgaard T3, Brkkan S1,4,
Solomon T2, Frazer K2 and Hansen J-B1,5
1
K.G Jebsen Thrombosis Research and Expertice Center TREC,
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Troms The
Arctic University of Norway, Troms, Norway; 2University of
California San Diego, La Jolla, USA; 3Department of Community
Medicine; 4Division of Internal Medicine, University of Troms
The Arctic University of Norway; 5Division of Internal Medicine,
University Hospital of North Norway, Troms, Norway
Background: Red cell distribution width (RDW), a measure of variability in size of circulating erythrocytes, is associated with future risk
of venous thromboembolism (VTE) independent of traditional atherosclerotic risk factors. The underlying mechanism(s) remain unsettled.
Shared genetic variants may be involved, but the joint effect of RDW
and genetic thrombotic risk factors have not yet been studied.
Aims: To study whether the apparent association between RDW and
VTE is inflicted by joint effect of genetic thrombotic risk factors and
RDW in a case-cohort recruited from a general population.
Methods: Cases with a first ever VTE (n = 639) and an age-weighted
subcohort (n = 1730) sampled from the Troms 4 (199495) study
were included. DNA-samples obtained at baseline were genotyped for
FV-Leiden (rs6025), F5 (rs4524), FGG (rs2066865), ABO blood type
(rs8176719) and F11 (rs2036914 and rs2289252). Cox regression models with age as time-scale were used to calculate crude and multivariable adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) across categories of RDW and gene
variants. The regional committee of research ethics approved the study
and all subjects gave informed written consent.
Results: There were 639 incident VTEs during a median follow-up of
16 years. Subjects with RDW in the highest quartile had 26% higher
risk of VTE than those in the lowest quartile (HR 1.26, 95% CI 1.00
1.57). The risk of VTE by RDW did not change after adjustment for
the genetic variants. There was a moderately increased risk of VTE
when the genetic variants F5 and non-O blood type were combined
with high RDW. Compared to subjects with low RDW and no risk
alleles, the HR of VTE by F5 increased from 2.03 (95% CI 0.954.33)
for those with low RDW to 2.39 (95% CI 1.115.16) for those with
high RDW.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the risk of VTE by high RDW is
not caused by a joint effect of high RDW and genetic thrombotic risk
factors.
686
ABSTRACTS
PO494-TUE
Impact of inherited risk factors of venous thrombosis
on risk of stroke and VTE in atrial fibrillation
Rye-Holmboe I1,2, Smith E3,4, Hald E1,2, Vik A1,2, Brodin E1,2,
Brkkan S1,2, Solomon T5, Wilsgaard T6, Rosendaal F7, Frazer K3,4
and Hansen JB1,2
1
K.G Jebsen Thrombosis Research and Expertise Center TREC,
Hospital, San Diego; 5Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program,
University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA;
6
Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University
of Norway, Troms, Norway; 7Department of Clinical
Netherlands
Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a well-known risk factor for
stroke and has recently been identified as a risk factor for venous
thromboembolism (VTE). Factor 5 is an essential co-factor in the
coagulation cascade. Variants in the F5 gene (rs6025 [Factor V Leiden]
and rs4524) are associated with an increased risk of VTE, and Factor
V Leiden is associated with an increased risk of stroke. However, the
impact on these genetics variants in the F5 gene on VTE risk in
patients with AF has, to our knowledge, never been explored.
Aims: To investigate the joint effect of AF and F5 gene variants
(rs6025 and rs4524) on VTE and stroke risks in a case-cohort recruited
from a general population.
08) studies were included. Baseline DNA-samples were genotyped.
Validated VTEs, stroke and AF were registered up to December 31st,
2010. Hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for VTE and
stroke were calculated across categories of AF and gene variants and
compared to subjects without AF or the risk alleles. The study was
approved by the regional committees for research ethics and all subjects gave their informed written consent.
Results: There were 224 subjects with AF and 252 with incident stroke
during follow-up. The risk of incident VTE after a diagnosis of AF
was increased by 2.3-fold (95% CI, 1.692.99). The risk was further
increased in subjects carrying the rs6025 allele (HR 7.42; 95%CI,
3.6715.00) and the rs4524 allele (HR 4.88; 95%CI, 2.958.06). Individuals with the presence of both variants had an even higher risk (HR
11.88; 95%CI, 5.3726.30). We found an increased risk of AF-related
stroke for subjects with rs6025 allele (HR 5.40; 95% CI, 1.7217.00),
but there was no such association with the rs4524.
Conclusion: Our findings imply that patients with atrial fibrillation carrying the F5 rs6025 and rs4524 variants are at higher risk of VTE.
PO495-TUE
Impact of the fibrinogen gamma gene RS2066865
variant on the risk of venous thrombosis in cancer
patients
Dziewiecka O1, Smith E2,3, Brkkan S1,4, Jensvoll H1,4, Blix K1,4,
Hansen J-B1,4
1
K.G. Jebsen Thrombosis Research and Expertise Center TREC,
Diego, La Jolla, USA; 4Division of Internal Medicine, University
Hospital of North Norway, Troms, Norway; 5Biomedical
Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego,
La Jolla, USA; 6Department of Community Medicine, UiT The
Arctic University of Norway, Troms, Norway; 7Department of
The Netherlands
Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common complication in patients with malignancy. Family and twin studies show that
up to two thirds of the VTE risk can be accounted for by genetic factors. However, since cancer patients are often excluded in genetic studies on VTE, limited information exists regarding the impact of
inherited risk factors on VTE risk in these patients.
Aims: To study the prevalence of risk alleles at the known prothrombotic fibrinogen gamma gene (FGG) single nucleotide polymorphism
(SNP) at rs2066865 and its associated VTE risk in cancer patients.
Methods: We conducted a case-control study in which the genotype of
the FGG rs2066865 SNP was determined in 574 VTE cases and in 584
randomly selected control subjects matched for age and sex recruited
from a general population (the Troms study). Logistic regression was
used to calculate odds ratios (OR) for VTE. The study was approved
by the regional committee for research ethics and all subjects provided
informed written consent.
Results: The FGG rs2066865 risk alleles were detected in 520 individuals: 430 heterozygous and 90 homozygous among 1158 subjects. There
were 322 patients with were diagnosed with cancer of which 200 had a
VTE. Cancer was associated with a 2.0-fold (OR, 95% CI 1.62.7)
higher VTE risk than cancer-free individuals. Logistic regression
analyses with adjustment for age and sex showed that the risk of VTE
was only marginally increased (OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.43.3) in cancer
patients heterozygous for the FGG rs2066865 mutation. The risk was,
however, considerably higher (OR 6.5, 95% CI 2.219.5) in homozygous individuals with cancer compared to cancer-free individuals without the mutation.
Conclusion: Risk alleles at the FGG rs2066865 SNP appear to further
increase the risk of VTE in cancer patients, substantially so in homozygous individuals.
ABSTRACTS
PO496-TUE
Characteristics of hospital-associated thrombosis
attributed to thromboprophylaxis failure
Roberts L1, Gee E1, Mulla G2, Doyle C1, Ferreira M1, Patel J1,3,
Patel R1 and Arya R1
1
Medicine, Kings College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust; 2Kings
Thrombosis Centre, Department of Haematological Medicine,
Kings College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust; 3Institute of
Pharmaceutical Science, Kings College London, London, UK
Background: Hospital associated thrombosis (HAT) is a significant
cause of patient morbidity and mortality. Thromboprophylaxis (TP)
has been demonstrated in clinical trials to reduce venous thromboembolism (VTE) by two thirds in selected high risk patients. TP failure
(HATTPF) is recognised but poorly understood.
Aims: To evaluate characteristics and risk factors for HATTPF.
Methods: Root cause analysis of HAT was established in April 2010.
Characteristics of HATTPF were compared to events attributed to
other causes over a 3 year period. HAT was considered to be HATTPF
where patients with VTE risk factors and no bleeding risk factors were
administered appropriate TP according to national guidance.
Results: of 476 fully investigated episodes, 205 (43.1%) were due to
TPF. HATTPF manifested as PE in 46.1%. HATTPF followed medical,
surgical and obstetric admission in 89 (43.6%), 107 (52.5%) and 8
(3.9%) respectively. Common risk factors were age 60 years
(64.0%), reduced mobility for 3 days (57.8%), medical comorbidity
(45.6%), surgery with significant reduction in mobility (24.0%), total
anaesthetic and surgery time of > 90 min (22.5%) and dehydration
(21.6%). HATTPF were more common post discharge compared to
other HAT (45.2 vs. 31.3%, P = 0.002), with a median time to event
from admission of 17 days (range 2 170). Mean number of risk factors was higher in HATTPF (3.1 vs. 2.8). Within surgical patients
(n = 245), lower limb/pelvic surgery > 60 min (21.0 vs. 10.4%,
P = 0.023), dehydration (13.3 vs. 5.2%, P = 0.03) and intra-abdominal inflammatory disease (11.2 vs. 3.6%, P = 0.02) were more prevalent in HATTPF. Within medical patients (n = 216), patients with
HATTPF were significantly older (72.1 vs. 67.3 years, P = 0.02). Dehydration was more commonly associated with HATTPF (33.7% vs.
22.8%, P = 0.08), as was cardiorespiratory disease (30.0% vs. 19.0%,
P = 0.08).
Conclusion: These findings suggest sub-groups of patients may benefit
from intensified TP strategies and may inform risk stratification in
future studies of extended TP in medical patients.
Disclosure of Interest: L. Roberts Grant/Research Support from: Covidien, Speaker Bureau of: Bayer PLC, Covidien, E. Gee: None
declared, G. Mulla: None Declared, C. Doyle: None Declared, M.
Ferreira: None declared, J. Patel Grant/Research Support from: Bayer
PLC, R. Patel: None declared, R. Arya Grant/Research Support from:
Bayer PLC & Covidien.
PO497-TUE
Anti-vimentin antibodies increase thrombus formation
at venous shear rates in vitro and in vivo: implication
for venous thromboembolism in autoimmune diseases
Da Q1, Rumbaut R2 and Cruz M1
1
Medicine/Cardiovascular Research; 2Medicine, Baylor College
of Medicine, Houston, USA
Background: It is appreciated that patients with autoimmune diseases
have an increased risk for a venous thromboembolism (VTE) event.
Despite that autoantibodies against vimentin are well recognized, and
that they may have the capacity to activate blood cells, their relevance
to VTE remains unclear.
687
Aims: We investigated the effect of anti-vimentin antibodies (AVA) on

thrombus formation in vitro at low shear rate or in vivo at venules.
Methods: We used AVA, and collagen fibrils. The in vitro assays to
examine thrombus formation on a collagen surface were performed by
perfusing whole blood at low shear rates (100400 s1) using a microfluidic flow chamber. For in vivo thrombus formation, we have used a
photochemical-injury model of thrombosis in the cremaster venules of
wild-type mice and mice deficient in vimentin.
Results: The formation of microthrombi on collagen fibrils from
human whole blood containing AVA was significantly (> 25%) higher
than blood mixed with isotype IgG. The occlusion time measured in
venules of mice injected with AVA was significantly decreased
(4.7 min, n = 5) as compared to animals treated with isotype IgG
(7.3 min, n = 5) (P = 0.02). Interestingly, without AVA, vimentin-deficient mice had a decreased occlusion time (5.2 min, n = 5) as compared to wild type mice (8.9 min, n = 5) (P = 0.02). Moreover,
thrombus formation on collagen fibrils was much higher (5 folds)
when we perfused whole blood from vimentin deficient mice as compared to that of wild type mice at low shear rates.
Conclusion: AVA can induce thrombus formation at venous shear
rates, implying a potential role in mediating VTE in patients with
autoimmune diseases. Furthermore, the results from using vimentin
deficient mice indicate that the lack of vimentin may increase the susceptibility of platelets for activation at low shear rates. We speculate
that interaction of AVA with cell-surface vimentin impairs a biological
role for vimentin in down regulating activation of platelets.
PO498-TUE
Switching type of oral contraceptive and risk of venous
thromboembolism: a case-crossover study
Scheres L1,2, Lijfering W2,3, van Hylckama Vlieg A2,
Middeldorp S1 and Cannegieter S2,3
1
Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of
Amsterdam, Amsterdam; 2Clinical Epidemiology; 3Einthoven
Background: Oral contraceptives (OC) increase the risk of venous
thromboembolism (VTE), where type of progestogen and dosage of
estrogen are related to the size of the risk increase. For several reasons
patients switch to a different type of OC. It is unknown if switching of
OC type increases VTE risk.
Aims: To assess whether switching to a different OC increases VTE
risk and to determine the effect of direction of change (i.e. to a type of
pill with lower or higher VTE risk).
Methods: Case-crossover study. Premenopausal women with VTE
aged < 50 years who used OC at time of VTE were selected from the
MEGA-study. Detailed information on OC use was obtained by linkage to the Dutch Foundation for Pharmaceutical Statistics register.
Conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate odds
ratios (OR) with 95% CIs of switching of OC type in the 06 months
period (risk period) before VTE onset compared with 3 different control periods (612 month, 1218 months and 1824 months prior to
VTE onset).
Results: Prescriptions for 369 women with a first VTE were available.
Of these, 118 patients used OC continuously in the preceding
24 months before VTE, of whom most (> 89%) did not switch. Six
patients switched in the risk period and 6 in control period 6
12 months, 4 in control period 1218 months, and 5 in control period
1824 months prior to VTE. The corresponding ORs were 1.0 (95%
CI, 0.33.1), 1.5 (95% CI, 0.45.3) and 1.3 (95% CI, 0.36.0), respectively. Of the women who switched in the risk period, 5/6 (83%)
switched to high risk OC vs. 5/15 (30%) in the control periods.
688
ABSTRACTS
Conclusion: Switching type of OC does not appear to increase VTE

risk substantially, although an effect of direction of change cannot be
excluded. Larger studies are necessary to provide more conclusive evidence.
PO499-TUE
Forgotten no more a case of a 54 year old female
with lemierres syndrome
Gacrama E
Adult Cardiology, Philippine Heart Center, Quezon City,
Philippines
Background: Lemierres syndrome is a condition characterized by
thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein and bacteremia caused
by primarily anaerobic organisms, following a recent oropharyngeal
infection. For reasons that are not clear, there has been an increase in
the reporting of Lemierres syndrome since the late 1990s
Aims: To be able to present a case report on a rare case of Lemierressyndrome in the PhilippineHeart Center
Methods: This is a case report done on a rare case of Lemierres syndrome diagnosed at the Philippine Heart Center
Results: A 54 year old female who, initially presented with fever and
associated neck pain, was later documented to have subperiosteal
abscess and thrombosis of the right internal jugular vein, compatible
with Lemierres syndrome. Patient was treated with antimicrobial therapy and anticoagulation for a total of 6 weeks.
Conclusion: The typical clinical picture of Lemierres syndrome is characteristic but many general practitioners are unaware of this condition
and diagnosis is often delayed with potentially fatal complications.
Successful management therefore rests on the awareness of the condition, a high index of suspicion, and a multidisciplinary team approach.
PO500-TUE
Preavelance of risk factors predisposing to thrombosis
in patients with central retinal vein occlusion
Dropinski J1, Kubicka-Trzaska A2, Domagala T1, Sanak M1,
Iwaniec T1 and Musial J1
1
II Department of Internal Medicine Collegium Medicum;
2
Department of Ophtalmology, Uniwersytet Jagieilonski,
Krakow, Poland
Background: Retinal vascular occlusions are disorders that may lead to
partial or complete blindness. Few and contrasting data are available
on the prevalence of risk factors in patients with central retinal vein
occlusion (CRVO).
Aims: The aim of our study was to establish the prevalence of major
and potential inherited and acquired thrombophilic risk factors in 122
patients (65 females, 57 males; age: 57.2 years; range 23- 72) with
CRVO. The control group consisted of 98 (50 females, 48 males; age:
56 years; range 1973) healthy subjects, without any vascular, eyerelated disease.
Methods: In all participants Leiden mutation (FV Leiden), hyperprotrombinemia (20210 G/A mutation), Leu 34 polymorphism of the factor (F) XIIIA-subunit, deficiency of protein C, S, antithrombin,
hyperhomocysteinemia and antiphospholipid antibodies were
assessed. Also intima-media thickness (IMT) in carotid arteries were
measured using ultrasonography.
Results: In patients fasting homocysteine levels were significantly
higher than in controls (P < 0.05). Among the remaining parameters
tested, prevalence of FV Leiden, circulating antiphospholipid antibod-
ies and deficiency of protein C were significantly more common in

CRVO patients (P < 0.05) compared with control group. There was
no significant difference in the prevalence of deficiency of protein S,
20210 G/A mutation, FXIII Val34Leu polymorphism, antithrombin,
and IMT between CRVO patients and controls. From classic risk factors - arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia
and cigarette smoking were significantly more frequent in patients with
CRVO than among control subjects.
Conclusion: These data demonstrate a potential role of some classic
and trombophilic risk factors in the pathophysiology of CRVO. Measurement of these parameters may be useful in initiating appropriate
management at the earliest.
PO501-TUE
No differences in thrombin generation between
patients with and without portal vein thrombosis in
end-stage liver disease
Tomescu D1, Popescu M1, Orban C2, Jipa L3 and Popescu I4
1
Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Carol Davila University of
Medicine and Pharmacy; 2Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Titu
Maiorescu University of Medicine; 3Anaesthesia and Critical
Care; 4Dan Setlacec Center of General Surgery and Liver
Transplantation, Fundeni clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
Background: Patients with End-Stage Liver disease (ESLD) have been
considered to have a hypocoagulation tendency. During the last decade, hypercoagulation and thrombosis are being diagnosed more often
in patients with ESLD due to the introduction of new tests such as
rotational thromboelastometry (TEM).
Aims: Our aim was to investigate TEM changes in patients with ESLD
and portal vein thrombosis (PVT).
Methods: 100 patients diagnosed with ESLD between January 2013May 2014 were included in this study. PVT was diagnosed on abdominal contrast computer tomography. Patients were divided into two
groups: patients with PVT (PVT group) and patients without PVT
(non-PVT group). Demographic variables, ESLD severity scores
(Model for ESLD MELD and MELD-Sodium MELD-Na), standard coagulation tests (prothrombin time PT, international normalized ratio INR, activated partial thromboplastine time - aPTT),
serum fibrinogen (Clauss method) and platelet count were recorded.
TEM (ExTEM, InTEM, ApTEM, FibTEM) were performed at the
same time with standard coagulation tests. Both standard and derived
coagulation parameters were noted.
Results: Fourteen patients (13.9%) were included in the PVT group
and 87 patients in non-PVT group (86.1%). Age (P = 0.520), MELD
(P = 0.147) and MELD-Na (P = 0.336) were similar between group.
No differences in PT (P = 0.983), INR (P = 0.254), aPTT (0.403),
Fibrinogen (P = 0.634) and platelet count (P = 0.424) were observed.
Patients in PVT group had lower ExTEM maximul lysis (P = 0.021,
95% CI [134.28, 11.9]) and increased ExTEM maximum clot firmness (P = 0.018, 95% CI [12.90, 131.90]). No statistical differences in
thrombin generation, as shown by derived TEM parameters (potential
index (P = 0.128), maximum velocity of clot formation (P = 0.388),
time to maximum velocity of clot formation (P = 0.957), were
observed.
Conclusion: Patients with PVT have decreased fibrinolysis and
increased maximum clot firmness when compared with patients without PVT. No differences in thrombin generation were observed
between the two groups.
ABSTRACTS
PO502-TUE
Endogenous sex hormone levels in men with
unprovoked deep vein thrombosis
Mumoli N1, Cei M1, Brondi B1, Pierfranceschi MG2, Vitale J3 and
Dentali F3
1
Clinical Medicine, Livorno Hospital, Livorno; 2Emergency
Department, Val dArda Hospital, Fiorenzuola; 3Clinical
Medicine, Insubria University, Varese, Italy
Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) has a multifactorial etiology and the list of major risk factors include recent surgery or
trauma, active cancer and prolonged immobilization for severe medical diseases. In women, the use of oral contraceptives and of hormone
replacement therapies with estrogen and progesterone is associated
with an increased risk of VTE. Conversely, the role of sex hormones as
a risk factor for VTE in men is more controversial.
Aims: To asses the role of sex hormones in male patients with acute
deep vein thrombosis (DVT).
Methods: Adult male patients with objectively diagnosed unprovoked
DVT and sex matched control were prospectively included. Body mass
index (BMI) was calculated in all the participants. Endogenous total
testosterone (n.v. 2.811 ng mL1 for adult men) and estradiol (n.v.
1144 pg mL1 for adult men) (converted from testosterone by an
aromatase) were measured. Mean levels of endogenous sex hormones
in case and controls were compared. Furthermore the risk of DVT for
each tertile of testosterone levels was evaluated calculating the odds
ratios (OR) with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) using
the lowest tertile as reference.
Results: Sixty-three DVT patients and 63 controls were included.
Mean serum testosterone and estradiol levels were similar (3.9 vs.
4.0 ng mL1 and 28.6 vs. 30.2 pg mL1 respectively; p NS). The
analysis that considered different tertiles of testosterone levels also
failed to identify any significant association with the risk of DVT (OR
1.65, 95% CI 0.70, 3.87 and 1.06, 95% CI 0.43, 2.60 respectively for
the second and third tertile compared to the lowest tertile).
Conclusion: In our study, sex hormones levels were similar in male
patients with an acute episode of unprovoked DVT in comparison to
sex and age matched controls. Thus, testosterone and estradiol should
not be routinely tested in patients with unprovoked events.
Disclosure of Interest: N. Mumoli: None declared, M. Cei: None
declared, B. Brondi: None declared, M. Giorgi Pierfranceschi: None
declared, J. Vitale: None declared, F. Dentali Grant/Research Support
from: bayer, BMS/Pfizer, Boheringer, Consultant for: Bayer.
PO503-TUE
A-fibrinogen THR312ALA polymorphism is an
independent genetic risk factor for venous
thromboembolism in the population of north-western
Russia
Kapustin S1, Demyanenko A2, Shmeleva V3, Soldatenkov V4,
Chechulov P2, Kargin V4 and Papayan L3
1
Laboratory of Biochemistry, Russian Research Institute of
Haematology and Transfusiology; 2Emergency research institute;
3
Laboratory of Hemostasis; 4Surgery Clinic, Russian Research
Institute of Haematology and Transfusiology, Saint-Petersburg,
Russia
Background: The role of genetic mechanisms in most cases of venous
thromboembolism (VT) is still unclear. Fibrinogen Aa (FI-A)
Thr312Ala polymorphism has been shown to influence factor XIIIdependent cross-linking and fibrin clot structure. Moreover, in some
population groups it was associated with increased risk of VT.
Aims: To evaluate the role of FI-A Thr312Ala polymorphism as a risk
factor for VT in the population of North-Western Russia.
689
Methods: Retrospective study involved 300 patients with VT (147 men

and 153 women, mean age 42.3 12.6 years) and 243 sex- and agematched healthy controls (HC). All individuals originated from the
North-Western region of Russia and gave informed consent for participation in the study. FI-A Thr312Ala polymorphism was discriminated by PCR-RFLP technique. The differences in genotype
distributions between groups were estimated by Fishers exact test.
Results: Homozygosity for the FI-A Ala312 variant was more frequently seen in patients compared to HC group (13.7% vs. 4.9%;
OR=3.0; 95% CI: 1.65.9; P = 0.0007). This genetic factor was highly
prevalent in both men (12.9%) and women (14.4%) with VT. In the
group of 232 patients having neither FV Leiden nor FII G20210A
mutation, the FI-A 312 Ala/Ala genotype was present in 28 (12.1%)
cases (OR=2.6; 95% CI: 1.35.3; P = 0.008, compared to HC).
Finally, homozygosity for the FI-A Ala312 variant occurred more frequently in the group of 200 patients with early-onset disease (at age 45
or less) than in those who suffered from first VT episode after 45 years
old (16.0% vs. 9.0%, respectively; OR=1.9; 95% CI: 0.94.2;
P = 0.11). When compared to HC group, the prevalence of the FI-A
312 Ala/Ala genotype has been proved to be a significant risk factor
for VT development in young patients originated from the North-Western region of Russia.
Conclusion: We suggest that FI-A Thr312Ala polymorphism is an
independent genetic risk factor for VT in the population of NorthWestern Russia.
PO504-TUE
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) in hospitalised nonsurgical cancer patients and its burden on healthcare in
an Asian tertiary hospital
Lee LH1, Earnest A2, Hui J3 and Yang Y4
1
Department of Haematology, Singapore General Hospital;
2
Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Office of Clinical Sciences,
Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School; 3Healthcare Analytics,
Integrated Health Information Systems (IHIS), SingHealth
Corperate Office; 4Department of Epidemiology, Singapore
General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
Background: Despite rising trends of VTE in Asian hospitals, information on cancer patients with VTE here is scarce.
Aims: To determine the prevalence of VTE in hospitalised medical
patients with cancer, identify the risks of VTE and assess its impact on
healthcare burden.
Methods: The Singapore General Hospital discharge database from
from 2004 to 2011 was reviewed to identify medical patients with cancer, deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE) and other
comorbid conditions using the Australian Modification (ICD-9-AM)
codes in International Statistical Classification of Diseases and
Related Health Problems. The cancer types, impact of VTE on the
mortality, readmission rates and length of hospitalisation were analysed. Logistic regression analyses and multivariate regression odds ratio
(OR) analyses were used to adjust for age, gender, ethnicity, and other
co-morbidities.
Results: One thousand and three hundred and two (8.7%) of 14,969
non-surgical cancer patients identified had VTE. Gastrointestinal, haematological, ovarian and lung malignancies were most at risk of developing VTE (OR > 2). Metastatic disease significantly increased the
rates of VTE (10.8% vs. 6.5%) for both DVT (7.7% vs. 5.0%) and PE
(4.1% vs. 1.9%). Metastasis was a significant and independent predictor of VTE (OR 2.2, 95% CI 2.02.5) by logistic regression analyses.
The mortality rates for patients with no cancer nor VTE, VTE only
(VTE), cancer only (Ca) and both cancer and VTE (Ca/VTE) were
1.7%, 7.2%, 8.7%, and 18.5% (P < 0.001) respectively. Multivariate
analysis indicated that the OR for Ca/VTE, Ca and VTE were 18.4,
690
ABSTRACTS
8.4 and 3.2 respectively. 30-day unscheduled readmission OR were

increased with Ca/VTE (4.2), Ca (3.4) and VTE (1.9). Hospital length
of stay incidence-rate ratio (IRR) were increased with Ca/VTE (4.9),
Ca (2.4) and VTE (4.5).
Conclusion: Cancer increases the risk of VTE which significantly
impacted on healthcare burden with increased mortality, length of
hospital stay and unscheduled readmission rates. Further studies on
VTE prophylaxis should be considered.
PO505-TUE
A novel microfluidic device development for venous
thrombus understanding
Sugita N1, Hirakata H2, Inoue K3, Tatsumi K4, Koike K3 and
Murai T1
1
Psychiatry, Kyoto University/Japan; 2Anesthesiology, Kyoto
Medical Center; 3Primary Care and Emergency Medicine;
4
Mechanical Engineering and Science, Kyoto University / Japan,
Kyoto City, Japan
Background: Pulmonary thromboembolism sometimes causes sudden
death. Prevention is hard for lacking mechanism understanding. There
are much fewer previous venous thrombus studies than arterial one.
Aims: Our aim is to extract physical elements of randomness and
reproducibility of venous thrombus formation as convective reactiondiffusion system.
Methods: To meet our aim, we made a microfluidic device of silicone
rubber and a cover glass to visualize and quantify the thrombus formation with spatial, time and fluid field information. The inside was
fully siliconized and partly coated with collagen and temperature was
controlled. Fluorescently-stained blood was flowed with venous shear
rate by a pressure control pumping device. We imaged the thrombus
formation by high-speed camera.
Results:
1 The length of collagen-coated part correlated with size of thrombus.
2 Temperature significantly influenced thrombus formation.
3 Temperature influenced the plasma viscosity much more than
hematocrit.
4 There were some reproducible patterns in the motion and the positional relation of fibrin, platelets, hemocytes and other elements.
5 Small fluorescent particles could be observed in fluid field.
Conclusion: Basically our element technologies of microfluidics can be
useful to quantify the thrombus formation with spatial, time and fluid
field information. It will be helpful for understanding the mechanism
of venous thromboembolism as convective reaction-diffusion system.
Fluid field will be analyzed in particle image velocimetry by our imaging technology. To bring more physiological conditions, we have some
improvement plans such as lining the inside with endothelial cells,
designing another fluidic device of round-shaped cross section, and so
on. Above technologies should be useful to develop a mathematical
model for calculating venous thrombogenesis in future. We made a
novel microfluidic device to visualize and quantify the venous thrombus formation. It will be helpful for understanding the mechanism of
venous thromboembolism.
PO506-TUE
Anticoagulants for prevention of thrombotic
complications in patients on parenteral nutrition: a
systematic review
Barco S1, Atema J2, Coppens M1, Serlie M3 and Middeldorp S1
1
Vascular Medicine; 2Surgery, Academic Medical Center;
3
Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Centern,
Background: Patients on parenteral nutrition (PN) for intestinal failure
require central venous access, which is associated with the risk of catheter-related thrombosis (CRT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). There
is poor consensus on CRT thromboprophylaxis, whilst comorbidities
often represent a contraindication for anticoagulants.
Aims: The aim of this review is to systematically evaluate the effect of
anticoagulation for CRT prevention in patients receiving PN.
Methods: We performed a systematic literature search. Intervention
and observational studies regarding either adult or pediatric patients
on PN receiving anticoagulant regimens were included. Primary outcomes were: the rates of objectively confirmed CRT, PE, and major
bleeding events. Secondary outcomes were: prevalence, pharmacokinetics, and cost-effectiveness of anticoagulant agents, and rate of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.
Results: We identified 1125 studies, of which 22 were included (7 intervention studies). None of the intervention studies showed an effect of
prophylactic unfractionated heparin for primary CRT prevention, while observational studies showed heterogeneous results. No
studies involved patients with acute CRT. Data regarding the rates of
other complications were scarce. The prevalence of anticoagulant
administration varied, ranging from 22 to 54% in studies published
during the past decade.
Conclusion: The administration of anticoagulants for CRT prevention
in patients on PN is not supported by evidence. Although anticoagulation is often prescribed, crucial gaps of knowledge regard efficacy and
safety of anticoagulants in this specific population, as well as their
pharmacokinetics and quality of treatment.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Barco: None declared, J. Atema: None
Declared, M. Coppens Grant/Research Support from: Boehringer Ingelheim and Sanquin Blood Supply, Consultant for: Boehringer Ingelheim, Daiichi Sankyo, the alliance of Bristol-Myers Squibb and Pfizer
and Sanquin Blood Supply, Speaker Bureau of: Boehringer Ingelheim,
Daiichi Sankyo, the alliance of Bristol-Myers Squibb and Pfizer and
Sanquin Blood Supply, M. Serlie Grant/Research Support from:
TEFA Mediq, Consultant for: Fresenius, S. Middeldorp Grant/
Research Support from: Glaxo SmithKline, Aspen, Bristol-Meyers
Squibb/Pfizer and Sanquin Blood Supply, Consultant for: Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pfizer, Daiichi-Sankyo.
PO507-TUE
Long-term parenteral nutrition-associated
thromboembolic and hemorrhagic complications in
236 single-center outpatients
Barco S1, Coppens M1, Heuschen C1, Salman B1, Brekelmans M1,
Serlie M2 and Middeldorp S1
1
Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center; 2Endocrinology
and Metabolism, Academic Medical Centern, Amsterdam, The
Netherlands
Background: Prevalence of home parenteral nutrition (PN) in Europe
is 113/million inhabitants. Although patients on PN require central
venous access and are often anticoagulated, little information is available regarding the rates of catheter-related thrombosis (CRT), pulmonary
embolism
(PE),
major
bleeding,
heparin-induced
thrombocytopenia (HIT), and vena cava syndrome (VCS).
ABSTRACTS
Aims: The main objective of this preliminary analysis is to describe the
rates of thrombotic/bleeding complications in patients on home PN.
Methods: We performed a longitudinal retrospective study by chart
review of consecutive patients on home long-term PN followed at our
tertiary academic institution (19942014). We analyzed the absolute
risk of first and recurrent thromboembolic and bleeding events. All
events were independently adjudicated. Data are presented as PN-time
risk (n of patients with events/total N, 95% confidence interval, 95 CI)
and incidence rate (number of events/patient-year, 95 CI).
Results: Two-hundred-thirty-six patients were included (male sex 40%,
short bowel syndrome 58.1%, cancer 27.5%, prior thrombosis 39.8%)
and followed for a total of 690 patient-years (median 17 months, interquartile range: 843). Systemic anticoagulation was prescribed to 146
(62%) patients at PN onset, and to 177 (75%) patients during PN (445
patient-years). Fifty symptomatic objectively-diagnosed CRT events
occurred in 36 patients (20.3%, 95 CI 15.625.8; 7.2/100 patient-years,
95 CI 5.59.6), while 18 patients had PE (7.6%, 95 CI 4.711.6; 2.6/
100 patient-years, 95 CI 1.64.0). Thirty-two patients had at least one
major bleeding (13.6%, 95 CI 9.618.4; 5.8/patient-years; 95 CI 4.2
7.8). Medium-high probability HIT occurred in one patient (0.6/100heparin treatments, 95 CI 0.032.9). VCS was diagnosed in 7 patients
(3.0%, 95 CI 1.35.8).
Conclusion: Thrombotic and bleeding events were frequently complicating PN administration in our cohort of patients: complications
rates occurred more frequently than in other non-PN populations
described in literature.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Barco: None declared, M. Coppens Grant/
Research Support from: Boehringer Ingelheim and Sanquin Blood
Supply, Consultant for: Boehringer Ingelheim, Daiichi Sankyo, the
alliance of Bristol-Myers Squibb and Pfizer and Sanquin Blood Supply, Speaker Bureau of: Boehringer Ingelheim, Daiichi Sankyo, the
alliance of Bristol-Myers Squibb and Pfizer and Sanquin Blood Supply, C. Heuschen: None declared, B. Salman: None declared, M. Brekelmans: None declared, M. Serlie Grant/Research Support from:
TEFA Mediq, Consultant for: Fresenius, S. Middeldorp Grant/
Research Support from: Glaxo SmithKline, Aspen, Bristol-Meyers
Squibb/Pfizer and Sanquin Blood Supply, Consultant for: Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pfizer, Daiichi-Sankyo
PO508-TUE
Role of body composition measurements in predicting
cancer associated thrombosis
Iftikhar O1, Silva F2, Mansfield A3, Cherry M1 and Tafur A1
1
Medicine; 2OUHSC, Oklahoma City; 3Medical Oncology, Mayo
Background: Body composition measurements have been associated
with increased risk of thrombosis. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is
one of the complications of cancer and significantly effects morbidity
and mortality.
Aims: To evaluate body composition measurements including height,
body surface area (BSA), sarcopenia, body mass index (BMI) and lean
body mass (LBM) on the risk of cancer associated VTE.
Methods: From a prospectively maintained database of pre-chemotherapy patients with cancer, we retrospectively reviewed 185 individuals with abdominal CT available within 3 mo of recruitment. Cancer
specific variables as well as basic demographic data were available.
VTE events had been independently adjudicated. Body surface was
derived using the Mosteller equation. LBM was derived: (L3 muscle
area in cm2 3.2459)/3.0583. Height was categorized at the gender
specific 3 quartile by gender. Sarcopenia was defined from an L3 level
muscle area divided by height, using validated cutoff (53.4 male; 38.5
female); the rest of the variables were categorized by quartile.
Results: There were no missing data on the selected 185 patients. The
patients were 60 yo (median), 70% were female, 35% had metastatic
691
disease at baseline, 34% had gynecological malignancies, 17% breast,

14% pancreatic cancer. The median follow up was 11.9 mo. The
majority were intermediate Khorana score (63%), 17% died and 14%
developed a VTE. Taller patients had a higher likelihood of VTE [Hazard ratio (HR): 2.8 95%Confidence Interval (95 CI) 1.3 - 6.2]. The
association remained significant after controlling for Khorana score
[HR 2.9; 95 CI 1.3 - 6.4], metastatic disease [HR 2.9; 95 CI 1.3 - 6.3]
and ECOG status [HR 2.7; 95 CI 1.2 - 6.1]. BMI, BSA, sarcopenia,
LBM were not significantly associated with VTE.
Conclusion: As reported in non-cancer population, height appears to
have a predictive value in the occurrence of cancer associated VTE.
PO508.1-TUE
A novel RS2232710 single nucleotide variant in the
protein z-dependent protease inhibitor (ZPI,
SERPINA10) gene and a risk of deep vein thrombosis
Gorski MM1, Lotta LA2, de Haan H3, van Hylckama Vlieg A3,
Passamonti SM2, Bucciarelli P2, Pappalardo E1, Boscarino M2,
Gibbs RA4, Martinelli I2, Rosendaal F3 and Peyvandi F2
1
Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University
of Milan; 2Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis
Center, Fondazione IRCCS C
a Granda - Maggiore Hospital,
Milan, Italy; 3Departments of Clinical Epidemiology, Thrombosis
and Hemostasis, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden,
Netherlands; 4Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor
College of Medicine, Houston, USA
Background: Rare mutations in PROC, PROS1 or SERPINC1 as well
as common polymorphisms in F5, F2, CYP4V2, SERPINC1, GP6 or
HIVEP1 have been recently identified as risk factors for deep vein
thrombosis (DVT). To identify novel genetic risk factors for DVT, we
have developed and successfully applied the next-generation DNA
sequencing (NGS) and the data analysis pipeline of the coding area of
186 hemostatic/proinflammatory genes in Italian idiopathic DVT cases
and controls. Using this strategy, we identified a single nucleotide variant (SNV) rs6050 in FGA and an excess of rare SNVs in ADAMTS13
associated with DVT. Our NGS-based data analysis revealed additional 18 novel variants with putative role in DVT.
Aims: To replicate the 18 novel variants identified in our NGS study.
Methods: All variants were genotyped by Sanger sequencing in a
cohort of up to 719 Italian idiopathic DVT patients and 719 healthy
controls. We identified rs2232710 SNV in the protein Z-dependent
protease inhibitor (ZPI/SERPINA10) gene as a risk factor for DVT in
the Italian population. To confirm this association, we performed TaqMan SNP genotyping replication in two independent Dutch cohorts:
the LETS study (454 idiopathic DVT cases and 451 controls) and the
MEGA study (3799 idiopathic DVT cases and 4399 controls).
Results: We identified a novel SNV rs2232710 in the ZPI gene to be
associated with an increased risk of DVT with odds ratio of 2.74 (95%
CI 1.335.65; P value = 0.0045). The rs2232710 is a low frequency variant in the Italian replication cohort and results in missense change of
Gln384Arg that has been predicted by SIFT and Mutation Taster databases as potentially damaging. However, the rs2232710 SNV showed
no association with DVT in the two independent Dutch replication
cohorts.
Conclusion: We found a novel, non-synonymous rs2232710 variant in
the ZPI gene associated with DVT in the Italian population. However,
replication in two independent Dutch cohorts did not confirm this
association.
Disclosure of Interest: M. M. Gorski: None Declared, L. A. Lotta:
None Declared, H. de Haan: None Declared, A. van Hylckama Vlieg:
None Declared, S. Passamonti: None Declared, P. Bucciarelli: None
Declared, E. Pappalardo: None Declared, M. Boscarino: None
692
ABSTRACTS
Declared, R. A. Gibbs: None Declared, I. Martinelli: None Declared,

F. Rosendaal Grant/Research Support from: NWO, F. Peyvandi
Grant/Research Support from: Alexion, Bayer, Biotest, Kedrion Biopharma, Novo Nordisk, Consultant for: Grifols, Kedrion Biopharma,
LFB, Octaharma, Speaker Bureau of: Alexion, Baxter, Bayer, Biotest,
CSL Behring, Grifols, Novo Nordisk.
Signal Transduction
PO509-TUE
Urokinase plasminogen activator protects cardiac
myocytes from oxidative damage and apoptosis via
OGG1
Hohensinner P1, Takacs N1, Kaun C1, Pfaffenberger S1,
Krychtiuk K1, Aliabadi A2, Zuckermann A2, Maurer G1, Huber K3
and Wojta J1
1
Department of Cardiology; 2Department of Surgery, Medical
University of Vienna; 33rd Medical Department,
Wilhelminenspital, Vienna, Austria
Background: The role of uPA in tissue remodeling and cell migration is
already well established. In addition, uPA was reported to stabilize
p53, a key cell cycle control, DNA repair and apoptosis initiation protein.
Aims: To investigate the role of uPA-uPAR signaling towards cell survival or apoptosis in human adult cardiac myocytes (HACM).
Methods: HACM were isolated from failing human hearts. DNA damage was inflicted by incubating cells for 2 h with 200 lM H2O2. To
analyze for apoptotic cells we applied TUNEL (TdT-mediated dUTPbiotin nick end labeling) staining. Oxidative damage foci were analyzed by staining for 8-oxoguanine base pairs using a monoclonal antibody.
Results: We did not observe an effect of uPA on cell survival in baseline conditions. However, when HACM were treated with H2O2 after
24 h of preincubation with uPA we found a reduction of apoptic cells
(57% apoptotic cells in control conditions vs. 42% apoptotic cells in
uPA pretreated conditions, P = 0.003). In addition, oxidative DNA
damage was reduced significantly by 59% (P = 0.05) as indicated by a
reduction of 8-oxoguanine foci in HACM nuclei. Protection from
apoptosis was independent from uPA catalytic activity, as the aminoterminal fragment of uPA (ATF) displayed a similar anti-apoptotic
effect (70% apoptotic cells in control conditions vs. 40% apoptotic
cells in ATF pretreated conditions, P < 0.05). One of the main proteins to repair oxidative DNA damage is the p53 induced protein
OGG1. We found a significant increase of OGG1 in HACM pretreated with uPA (1.4 fold induction, P = 0.02). Knockdown of OGG1
resulted in a complete abrogation of the protective effect of uPA (12%
under control conditions vs. 62% apoptotic cells under knockout conditions, P = 0.01).
Conclusion: We conclude that uPA might have a tissue protective role
in human hearts besides its role in tissue remodeling. This tissue protection is mediated by the DNA repair protein OGG1.
PO510-TUE
Factor VII activating protease (FSAP) expression is
negatively regulated by transforming growth factorbeta (TGF-) in the liver
Seidl S1, Leiting S2, Muhl L3 and Kanse S1
1
Institute for Basic Medical Sciences, Oslo, Norway; 2JustusLiebig-University, Giessen, Germany; 3Karolinska, Institutionen
r Medicinsk Biokemi och Biofysik, Stockholm, Sweden
fo
Background: Human population genetic studies as well as experiments
with FSAP-deficient mice show that FSAP is a regulator of pathways
leading to thrombosis and stroke. FSAP is a circulating serine protease, mainly expressed and secreted from the liver. Plasma FSAP antigen levels have been shown to be increased in diverse conditions such
as pregnancy and stroke. However, mechanisms regulating the concentration of FSAP in the blood remain unknown.
Aims: The aim of our study is to investigate the regulation of FSAP
expression in primary mouse hepatocytes and a mouse hepatocytic cell
line (AMl-12) by identifying the signaling pathway involved.
Methods: Expression at the mRNA level was study by qPCR and proteins by Western Blotting. Promoter reporter studies and chromatin
immuno-precipitation assays (CHIP) were performed to identify relevant transcription factors.
Results: Of all stimuli that were tested, including cytokines, growth
factors and hormones, TGF-b showed the most dramatic effect. Treatment with TGF-b caused a 50% reduction of FSAP mRNA and protein levels of secreted FSAP after 24 h. This effect was blocked by the
TGF-b1-receptor (Alk-5) antagonist SB431542 but not by SIS3 which
inhibits Smad3. Luciferase promoter assays identified a TGF-b
responsive region proximate to the FSAP gene at position 80 to
500 relative to the transcription start site of the FSAP gene. Subsequent In-silico analysis of this region identified the activator protein 1
complex (Ap-1) as the most likely candidate transcription factor
involved in this regulation. Chromatin immuno-precipitation assays
confirmed reduced AP-1 binding upon TGF-b treatment.
Conclusion: Thus, TGF-b, a key factor regulating liver fibrosis and the
development of hepatocellular carcinoma, is a strong down regulator
of FSAP expression. Liver dysfunction is often related to abnormal
production of hemostasis factors and we suggest that FSAP expression
will be altered in such states contributing to altered hemostasis and
thrombosis.
PO511-TUE
Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate stimulates
Ca2+ elevation and AKT phosphorylation to constitute
a major mechanism of thromboxane A2 formation in
human platelets
Authi K1, Kassouf N1, Ambily A1, Watson S2, Hassock S1,
Authi H1 and Watson S2
1
Cardiovascular Division, Kings College London, London;
2
Birmingham, UK
Background: Phosphatidylinositol(3,4,5)trisphosphate (PIP3) is formed
from phosphatidylinositol(4,5)bisphosphate (PIP2) by PI-3kinase. It
has been implicated in many platelet functions however many of the
mechanisms need clarification
Aims: We have used cell permeable analogues of PIP3, 1-O-(1,2-di-palmitoyl-sn-glyero-3-O-phosphoryl)-D-myo-inositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
(DiC16-PIP3) or 1-O-(1,2-di-octanoyl-sn-glyero-3-O-phosphoryl)-Dmyo-inositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (DiC8-PIP3) to study their effects on
activation of freshly prepared washed human platelets.
ABSTRACTS
Methods: Washed human platelets were isolated from freshly donated
blood for aggregation studies, labeled with Fura2 for Ca2+ studies, or
prepared for western blotting for detection of Akt phosphorylation,
PLCc2 phosphorylation, syk phosphorylation or detection of thromboxane B2 formation.
Results: Addition of either DiC8- or DiC16-PIP3 to human platelets
induced aggregation in the presence of extracellular Ca2+. This was
reduced by the presence of indomethacin, the phospholipase C inhibitor U73122 and 2-aminoethyl diphenylborinate (2APB). DiC8-PIP3
induced the phosphorylation of Akt which was reduced by the Akt
inhibitor IV and EGTA suggesting a dependence on Ca2+ entry. In
Fura2 loaded platelets DiC8-PIP3 was effective at increasing intracellular Ca2+ in a distinct and transient manner that was reduced in the
presence of indomethacin, U73122 and 2APB. Ca2+ elevation was
reduced by LOE908 and by BTP2. DiC8-PIP3 induced the release of
Ca2+ from stores which was not affected by bafilomycin A1 and was
more potent than the two pore channel agonist DiC8-PI(3,5)P2 suggesting release from an endoplasmic reticulum type store. Finally like
thrombin DiC8-PIP3 induced the formation of thromboxane B2 that
was inhibited by the Akt inhibitor IV.
Conclusion: These studies suggest that PI(3,4,5)P3 via Ca2+ elevation
and Akt phosphorylation forms a central role in thromboxane A2 formation and the amplification platelet activation.
PO512-TUE
A systems biology model for the coagulation network
describes biomarker changes observed in a clinical
study with FVIIA variant
Lee D1, Nayak S2, Arkin S1, Martin S2, Heatherington A1, Vicini P3
and Hua F1
1
BioTx Clinical Research; 2Pharmacometrics, Global Clinical
Pharmacology, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge; 3Pharmacokinetics,
Dynamics and Metabolism New Biological Entities, Pfizer Inc.,
San Diego, USA
Background: PF05280602 (PF-602) is a variant of activated recombinant human factor VII (FVIIa), currently in development for treatment and prevention of bleeding in hemophilia A or B patients with
inhibitors. Preliminary pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic
(PD) data for the phase 1 study of single dose escalation of PF-602 in
hemophilia patients are available. To enable integrated understanding
of all the data and underlying pharmacology, our group has implemented a quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) model for the
coagulation pathway. The model was optimized to describe in vitro
data of thrombin generation assay (TGA), aPTT and PT as well as
in vivo prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 (PF1 + 2) changes from clinical
studies with Eptacog Alfa.
Aims: To use the QSP model to test whether increased catalytic reaction rates for PF-602 compared with Eptacog Alfa translate to changes
in the observed biomarker responses.
Methods: Single IV infusion of PF-602 and Eptacog Alfa at multiple
dose levels were simulated in the QSP model. In the model, Eptacog
Alfa was assumed to have the same kinetics as endogenous FVIIa and
PF-602 has increased reaction rates for both tissue factor-dependent
and independent activation of FX into FXa. The PK property
observed clinically for each molecule was used in the model. The biomarkers that the model simulated include TGA, aPTT, PT, PF1 + 2
and thrombin-anti-thrombin III complex.
Results: The model was able to describe dose-dependent clinical biomarker data with PF-602 well. Since no biomarker data forEptacog
Alfa were available from the same study, we used the model simulation
to demonstrate a left-shift of the biomarker dose-response curve for
PF-602 compared with Eptacog Alfa.
693
Conclusion: The model simulation results suggest that our understanding of the increased kinetic rates for PF-602, taken together with the
PK profile, is sufficient to explain observed biomarker changes.
Disclosure of Interest: D. Lee Employee of: Pfizer Inc., S. Nayak
Employee of: Pfizer Inc., S. Arkin Employee of: Pfizer Inc., S. Martin
Employee of: Pfizer Inc., A. Heatherington Employee of: Pfizer Inc.,
P. Vicini Employee of: Pfizer Inc., F. Hua Employee of: Pfizer Inc.
PO513-TUE
Importance of transforming growth factor beta-induced
signaling for chronic postthrombotic vascular
remodeling processes
tz E1, Lankeit M2,
Sch
afer K1, Bochenek M1,2, Rosinus N1, Schu
2
3
1
nzel T and Konstantinides S2
Bosmann M , Mayer E , Mu
2
1
Medical Clinic 2; Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis,
University Medical Center, Mainz; 3Thoracic Surgery, KerckhoffKlinik, Bad Nauheim, Germany
Background: Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension
(CTEPH) represents a misguided chronic fibrotic response to unresolved pulmonary thrombi. However, the pathomechanisms underlying thrombofibrotic pulmonary artery stenosis are largely unknown.
Aims: To investigate the role of TGFb, released from activated platelets, during CTEPH and to determine whether it promotes pulmonary
fibrosis via endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT).
Methods: Human endarterectomy specimens are processed for histological analysis (including Tissue MicroArrays) and quantitative real
time PCR (qPCR). Cells from CTEPH tissue are ex vivo expanded.
Findings in humans are compared to murine venous thrombi at different time points after Vena cava inferior (VCI) ligation.
Results: To confirm the presence of EndMT, immunofluorescence
staining was performed on cryo-preserved CTEPH tissue and outgrown cells demonstrating cells simultaneously expressing endothelial
(VE-cadherin, CD31) and mesenchymal (SMA, FSP1) markers. Also,
the EndMT transcription regulators Snail and Twist were highly
expressed on the mRNA level. Immunohistochemistry and qPCR confirmed the expression of TGFb1 and several known TGFb receptors
(i.e. TGFBRII, endoglin, BMPRII, ALK1 and ALK5). Areas rich in
endothelial cells and/or myofibroblasts were strongly positive for
phospho-SMAD2 and phospho-SMAD5, confirming active TGFb signaling, and similar findings were obtained in murine venous thrombi.
To determine the causal role of TGFb during chronic post-thrombotic
remodeling processes, mice with platelet-specific TGFb deletion
(Pf4.Cre x TGFB1flox/flox) and their littermate controls are subjected to
VCI ligation followed by ultrasound and histological examination of
venous thrombi over 3 weeks.
Conclusion: Our analysis in CTEPH patient material and murine
venous thrombi suggest that TGFb-induced signaling contributes to
post-thrombotic vascular remodeling processes and fibrosis, possibly
by promoting endothelial phenotype conversion.
PO514-TUE
Role of P110alpha isoform of class I PI3-kinases in
platelet activation and functions
verin S1, Hechler B2, Chicanne G1, Terrisse A-D1,
Laurent P-A1, Se
2
Christian G , Vanhaesebroeck B3, Payrastre B4 and Gratacap M-P1
1
U1048, Inserm, Toulouse; 2UMR S949, Inserm/EFS, Strasbourg,
France; 3UCL Cancer Institute, University College London,
London, UK; 4U1048, Inserm / CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
Background: Class I phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are important
signaling enzymes in the process of blood platelet activation. Class IA
694
ABSTRACTS
PI3K beta has been proposed as a potential drug target to treat arterial
thrombosis, a major causeof death worldwide. We recently showed
that platelet class I PI3K beta is not essential for thrombus growth
and stability at normal arterial shear but has a specific and critical role
in maintaining the integrity of the formed thrombus upon elevation of
shear rate. Our data show that absence of class I PI3K beta cannot be
compensated by class I PI3K alpha. Although the role of PI3K alpha
is still poorly characterized in platelets, studies using pharmacological
inhibitors suggest that both PI3K alpha and beta are required, in a
non redundant way, for full platelet activation by collagen. PI3K
alpha has also been involved in IGF-1-mediated potentiation of platelet function.
Aims: To precisely characterize the role of PI3K alpha in platelet activation in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo, we generated a mice line expressing an
inactive form of p110 alpha selectively in the megakaryocyte lineage.
Methods: A series of specific tests including measurements of PtdIns
(3,4,5)P3 production, light transmission platelet aggregometry, thrombus formation ex-vivo under flow conditions and in vivo arterial
thrombosis models were performed.
Results: The data indicated a precise and selective contribution of
PI3K alpha in platelet activation and thrombus formation.
Conclusion: Since class I PI3K alpha is frequently mutated in cancer
and selective inhibitors are under development as antitumor drug,
these results may help to anticipate the potential side effects of such
treatment on haemostasis.
Stroke
PO515-TUE
Evaluation of the therapeutic effect of novel stroke
drug SMTP-7 on embolic stroke in monkeys
Suzuki E1, Kunikiyo Y1, Matsumoto N1, Sawada H2, Nishimura N2,
Hasegawa K2 and Hasumi K1,2
1
Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo Noko
University; 2TMS Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
Background: Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA)-based thrombolytic
therapy is a powerful means for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke,
whereas it causes ischemia/reperfusion injury, occasionally leading to
cerebral inflammation and hemorrhagic transformation, which result
in limited therapeutic time window (TTW). Therefore, an alternative
drug that overcomes these drawbacks is urgently needed. SMTP congeners are a promising stroke drug candidate, one of which is under
clinical development. The excellent activity shown in vivo is attributable to a thrombolytic activity in conjunction with an anti-inflammatory activity via inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH).
Aims: Our study aims at 1) evaluating efficacy of SMTP-7 in an
embolic stroke model in monkeys, and 2) identification of pharmacological rationale.
Methods: In an embolic stroke model induced by injection of blood
clot, either saline, SMTP-7 (10 mg kg1, i.v.) or t-PA (3 mg kg1, i.v.)
was injected 3 h after the embolization, and plasma and brain tissue
slice were collected after additional 21 h. Infarction was evaluated by
TTC- and HE-stained brain sections. Changes in pro-inflammatory
cytokines, chemokines, enzymes involved in tissue proteolysis and
fibrinolytic parameters, as well as levels of eicosanoids in plasma were
measured.
Results: SMTP-7 reduced infarct volume compared to saline-treated
group (by 65%, P = 0.028). An increase in plasmin-a2-antiplasmin
level (6.1-fold, P = 0.049) and reduction in MMP-9 (P = 0.035) were
also observed in the SMTP-7-treated animals. Eicosanoid analysis
revealed that plasma dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids, a fatty acid dioxide metabolized by sEH, was significantly reduced by the SMTP-7
treatment (by 40.3%, P = 0.043), suggesting intrinsic inhibition of
sEH.
Conclusion: SMTP-7 effectively treats serious embolic stroke in monkeys. This is attributable, at least in part, to its unique profibrinolytic
property along with anti-inflammatory/tissue-protective effects mediated by sEH inhibition.
PO516-TUE
The association of factor VIII and von Willebrand
factor levels and the outcome of thrombolysis in
ischemic stroke patients
cs K2, Csiba L2, Muszbek L1 and
Toth NK1, Sz
ekely E1, Kova
1
Bagoly Z
1
Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences; 2Department of
Neurology, University of Debrecen, Faculty of Medicine,
Debrecen, Hungary
Background: Thrombolysis by recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) is an effective therapy in acute ischemic stroke (IS).
Aims: To investigate whether levels of factor VIII (FVIII) and von
Willebrand factor (VWF) affect the outcome of thrombolysis.
Methods: Study populationincluded 132 consecutive IS patients, who
underwent thrombolytic therapy within 4.5 h after the onset of IS
symptoms. Blood samples were taken on admission, 1 h and 24 h after
the administration of rtPA. FVIII activity using chromogenic assay
and VWF antigen levels were measured from all blood samples. The
National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score and results
of imaging tests were registered on admission, day 1 and 7 after therapy. Long term outcome was assessed at 3 months after the event by
the modified Rankin scale. The study was approved by the Regional
Ethics Committee and informed consent was obtained.
Results: FVIII and VWF levels on admission were significantly elevated in case of severe IS (NIHSS > 15) as compared to less severe IS
(NIHSS < 5). This association remained significant after adjustment
to CRP. FVIII levels dropped significantly 1 h after the initiation of
rtPA infusion and showed an increase 24 h after thrombolysis, while
VWF levels remained elevated during the course of thrombolytic therapy. The two parameters showed good correlation on admission but
no significant correlation was found 1 h after thrombolysis, most
probably due to plasmin-mediated FVIII degradation. No association
was found between FVIII/VWF levels and therapy-associated hemorrhagic complications. Elevated FVIII/VWF levels 24 h after thrombolysis were associated with poor short-term and long-term functional
outcomes and death.
Conclusion: Elevated FVIII/VWF levels on admission are associated
with more severe stroke. Elevated FVIII/VWF levels 24 h after thrombolysis predict poor functional outcomes and are associated with mortality.
Funding: OTKA K109712, PD111929.
PO517-TUE
ADAMTS13 destabilizes thrombi in a mouse model of
thrombotic focal cerebral ischemia
Denorme F1, Langhauser F2, Rottensteiner H3, Plaimauer B3,
Scheiflinger F3, Kleinschnitz C2, Vanhoorelbeke K1 and De
Meyer S1
1
KU Leuven KULAK, Kortrijk, Belgium; 2Universit
atsklinikum
rzburg, Wu
rzburg, Germany; 3Baxter Innovations GmbH,
Wu
Vienna, Austria
Background: Currently, thrombolysis using tissue-plasminogen activator is the only treatment option in acute ischemic stroke, but it has
ABSTRACTS
serious limitations. By cleaving von Willebrand factor, the metalloprotease ADAMTS13 has both antithrombotic and anti-inflammatory
properties.
Aims: In this study, we analyzed whether ADAMTS13 can promote thrombus destabilization in the acute setting of ischemic
stroke.
Methods: We used a murine stroke model in which an occluding platelet rich thrombus is generated in the right middle cerebral artery
(MCA) by topical FeCl3 application. Two types of injury were used: a
threshold injury after which the endogenous thrombolytic system is
able to induce spontaneous recanalization and a severe injury, which
results in permanent MCA occlusion.
Results: After threshold MCA injury, spontaneous recanalization was
observed within the first hour after occlusion in WT animals. In contrast, spontaneous recanalization was significantly impaired in ADAMTS13 KO mice (P < 0.01). As a result, cerebral infarct sizes 24 h
post occlusion were significantly larger in ADAMTS13 KO mice when
compared to WT mice (11.9 1.9 mm3 and 4.1 1.6 mm3, respectively; P < 0.01). Interestingly, administration of recombinant ADAMTS13 (rADAMTS13) to ADAMTS13 KO mice 5 min after
occlusion restored MCA blood flow. This also led to reduced cerebral
infarctions, similar to WT mice. Severe MCA injury led to stable
thrombus formation in all WT mice without spontaneous recanalization. Interestingly, also in this model, administration of rADAMTS13,
5 min after vessel occlusion, restored MCA blood flow and significantly reduced infarct size in a dose dependent way (P < 0.01). Even
when rADAMTS13 was administered 60 min after occlusion, MCA
blood flow was still partly restored, significantly reducing cerebral
infarctions (11.3 1.5 mm3 compared with 18.8 2.9 mm3 for vehicle treatment, P < 0.05).
Conclusion: ADAMTS13 destabilizes occluding intracranial thrombi
and may have prothrombolytic potential for the treatment of acute
ischemic stroke.
Disclosure of Interest: F. Denorme: None declared, F. Langhauser:
None declared, H. Rottensteiner Employee of: Baxter Innovations
GmbH, B. Plaimauer Employee of: Baxter Innovations GmbH, F.
Scheiflinger Employee of: Baxter Innovations GmbH, C. Kleinschnitz:
None declared, K. Vanhoorelbeke: None declared, S. De Meyer: None
declared.
PO518-TUE
Remote platelet function testing using measurements
of P-selectin in patients with acute stroke or TIA
already receiving treatment with antiplatelet agents
Heptinstall S, Dovlatova N, May J, Robson K and Bath P
Nottingham, UK
Background: Patients with acute stroke or TIA are prescribed antiplatelet agents. TARDIS is an international multicentre trial of patients
with acute stroke or TIA, and is testing the safety and efficacy of intensive antiplatelet agents (combined aspirin, dipyridamole and clopidogrel) vs. guideline (aspirin and dipyridamole, or clopidogrel alone)
given for 1 month. In a substudy, platelet function is measured at
baseline and after 7 days.
Aims: To assess the effectiveness of pre-existing antiplatelet treatment
in patients with acute stroke or TIA at baseline prior to randomisation.
Methods: Platelet function testing was via measurement of P-selectin
on platelets using the Aspirin and P2Y12 Test Kits from Platelet Solutions Ltd. Blood samples were stimulated with arachidonic acid or
adenosine diphosphate immediately after collection, stabilised with
PAMFix (from PSL) and sent by post to Nottingham for flow cytometric analysis.
695
Results:
A
Aspirin Test
(n)
% P-selectin
+ve, mean
(SD)
MF, median
[IQR]
P2Y12 Test
(n)
% P-selectin
+ve, mean
(SD)
MF, median
[IQR]
AD
125
2p A+AD
vC
14
16
27 (16)
25 (16)
47 (28)
0.003
166
[131, 223]
134
159
[137, 272]
20
257
[157, 775]
16
0.012
81 (13)
73 (23)
63 (21)
< 0.001
1022
[772, 1233]
1008
[570, 1294]
585
[352, 906]
< 0.001
The data for the Aspirin Test shows that the group taking aspirin (A)
alone or in combination with dipyridamole (AD) had low platelet
function; however 5% of patients had a level that remained high (median fluorescence, MF > 500). The P2Y12 Test shows that those taking
clopidogrel (C) had low platelet function; however 44% of these had a
level that remained high (MF > 500).
Conclusion: Patients who are already taking antiplatelet agents have
reduced platelet function but in some the treatment is not working as
effectively as in others. High residual platelet function might have contributed to the stroke or TIA. Platelet function testing via measurement of platelet P-selectin can be performed remotely in the context of
a multicentre trial.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Heptinstall Shareholder of: Platelet Solutions
Ltd, N. Dovlatova Employee of: Platelet Solutions Ltd, J. May Shareholder of: Platelet Solutions Ltd, K. Robson: None declared, P. Bath
Consultant for: Platelet Solutions Ltd.
PO519-TUE
Inhibition of TAFI and PAI-1 is protective in a mouse
model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury
Denorme F1, Wyseure T2, Peeters M2, Gils A2, Declerck PJ2 and
De Meyer SF1
1
KU Leuven KULAK, Kortrijk; 2Departement of Pharmaceutical
and Pharmalogical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
Background: Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury is associated with
activation of the blood coagulation cascade and fibrin deposition in
cerebral microvessels. Endogenous tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)mediated fibrinolysis is attenuated by thrombin activatable fibrinolysis
inhibitor (TAFI) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). Activated TAFI (TAFIa) removes C-terminal lysines on partially degraded
fibrin, which impairs efficient plasminogen activation whereas PAI-1
directly inhibits tPA activity.
Aims: To evaluate the therapeuticpotential of inhibiting TAFI and
PAI-1 in the setting of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.
Methods: C57/Bl6J mice were subjected to 60 min transient middle
cerebral artery occlusion. Inhibitory monoclonal antibodies against TAFIa (MA-TCK26D6) and PAI-1 (MA-33H1F7) were administered
immediately after the start of reperfusion. Twenty-four hours later,
cerebral fibrin(ogen) deposition, infarct size and neurological outcome
were assessed.
Results: Administration of either antiTAFIa (25 mg kg1) or antiPAI-1 (6 mg kg1) monoclonal antibodies significantly decreased cerebral fibrin(ogen) deposition in the ipsilateral cerebral hemisphere
(P < 0.05), thereby reducing cerebral infarct sizes to 37 5.6 mm3
and 36.6 7.6 mm3 respectively compared with 80.6 11.1 mm3 for
control antibody (P < 0.01). Concurrently, functional recovery of the
696
ABSTRACTS
animals was also significantly improved. Interestingly, single targeting

of PAI-1 or TAFIa with a lower dose of 1 mg kg1 inhibiting antibody had no protective effect, but combined targeting of both TAFIa
and PAI-1 at the same low dose did reduce cerebral fibrin(ogen) deposition and infarct size by 50% 24 h post reperfusion (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: Both combined and single targeting of PAI-1 and TAFIa
have a protective effect in a mouse model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion
injury, which could open novel treatment avenues for ischemic stroke.
PO520-TUE
A factor Xa variant improves hemostasis models of
intracerebral hemorrhage
Jasuja R1, Camire R2, Arkin S1 and Pittman D1
1
Pfizer, Cambridge; 2The Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia,
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Background: Effective therapies are needed to control excessive bleeding in a range of clinical conditions where bleeding cannot be controlled by topical or surgical intervention. One of the most devastating
clinical bleeding settings is intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), a major
cause of death and disability accounting for 1015% of stroke cases
worldwide. FXaI16L, a recently described variant of Factor Xa, was
designed with an Isoleucine (I) to Leucine substitution at amino acid
16 (based on chymotrypsin numbering). This variant exhibits zymogen-like properties with both reduced activity and sensitivity toward
plasma inhibitors. However activity is restored in the presence of its
cofactor, Factor Va.
Aims: To study the hemostatic potential of the FXaI16L variant in a
non-clinical ICH injury models.
Methods: ICH was induced in male CD-1 mice or male Sprague-Dawley
rats by injection of bacterial collagenase VII-S into the right striatum of
the brain. FXaI16L was administered intravenously, at 45 min post-ICH
induction in mice and 15 min post-ICH induction in rats. In rats factor
eight inhibitor bypass activity (FEIBA) (100 U kg1) was used as a
positive control. The hemorrhagic blood volume was quantified by
hemoglobin content using Drabkins reagent in homogenized whole
brain tissue, 24 and 2 h post ICH in mice and rats, respectively.
Results: Compared to vehicle dosed mice, a dose-dependent decrease in
the hematoma volume was observed in animals dosed at 1 lg kg1
(21%), and a maximum response at 200 lg kg1 (47%) lg kg1. Rats
treated with FXaI16 also exhibited a reduced hematoma volume compared
to vehicle treated rats; 30 lg kg1 (27%). In rats dosed with FEIBA the
hematoma volume by decreased 17% compared to vehicle treated.
Conclusion: FXaI16L decreased the hematoma volume in ICH injury
models enhancing hemostasis. Together, these studies suggest that
FXaI16L may provide a new and unique way to achieve hemostasis in
clinical situations of uncontrolled bleeding.
Disclosure of Interest: R. Jasuja Employee of: Pfizer, R. Camire Consultant for: Pfizer, S. Arkin Employee of: Pfizer, D. Pittman Employee
of: Pfizer
PO521-TUE
Genetic ablation of extra domain a of cellular
fibronectin protects hypercholesterolemic mice from
acute stroke by reducing thrombo-inflammation
Dhanesha N, Ahmad A, Prakash P, Doddapattar P, Lentz SR and
Chauhan AK
Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa, USA
Background: Fibronectin containing extra domain A (Fn-EDA) is
absent in plasma of healthy humans, but present in several disease
states including atherosclerosis.
Aims: We determined the role of Fn-EDA in experimental stroke outcomes in hypercholesterolemic apolipoprotein E-deficient (Apoe/)
mice, which express Fn-EDA levels in plasma similar to those reported
in patients with atherosclerosis.
Methods: Stroke outcome was evaluated in male and female mice using
a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion model. Cerebral thrombosis was assessed using Doppler flowmetry. Susceptibility to thrombosis
was assessed in a FeCl3 injury-induced carotid artery thrombosis
model.
Results: Irrespective of sex, Fn-EDA//Apoe/ mice exhibited smaller infarcts and improved neurological outcomes at day 1 and day 7
(P < 0.01vs. Apoe/). Concomitantly, postischemic inflammation
(neutrophil/macrophage infiltration, phospho-NF-kB p65 and IKKa/
b, IL1-b and TNFa protein levels) and cerebral thrombosis within
lesions were decreased (P < 0.01 vs. Apoe/). Using intravital
microscopy, we found that the rate of thrombus growth and the time
to stable occlusion of the carotid artery were significantly prolonged in
Fn-EDA//Apoe/ mice (P < 0.01 vs. Apoe/). Genetic deletion
of TLR4 protected against stroke and post-ischemic inflammation in
Apoe/ mice (P < 0.05 vs. Apoe/) but had no effect on stroke outcomes in Fn-EDA//Apoe/ mice, suggesting that TLR4 contributes to Fn-EDA mediated exacerbates stroke outcome. Bone marrow
transplantation experiments revealed that Fn-EDA released from
endothelial cells exacerbates stroke outcome through TLR4 expressed
on hematopoietic cells. Importantly, infusion of a specific inhibitor of
Fn-EDA into Apoe/ mouse 15 min after reperfusion significantly
improved stroke outcome.
Conclusion: Our findings reveal that Fn-EDA exacerbates adverse
stroke outcomes by promoting thrombo-inflammation. We suggest
that targeting Fn-EDA could be an effective therapeutic strategy in
acute ischemic stroke.
PO522-TUE
Effects of the main active component combination
between Astragalus and Panax notoginseng on
inflammation and apoptosis of nerve cell after cerebral
ischemia-reperfusion
Deng C-Q1, Huang X-P1, Ding H2, Lu J-D3, Tang Y-H2 and
Deng B-X3
1
Molecular pathology Laboratory; 2Key Laboratory of Hunan
Province for Prevention and Treatment of Integrated Traditional
Chinese and Western Medicine on cardio-cerebral diseases; 3Key
Laboratory of Hunan Universities for Cell biology and Molecular
techniques, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha,
China
Background: Astragalus and Panax notoginseng are used to treat cardio-cerebrovascular diseases in Chinese medicine, often combined
together to promote curative effect.
Aims: To probe the effects and mechanisms that Astragaloside IV
(AST IV, active component of Astragalus) combined with active components of Panax notoginseng including Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1), Ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1) and Notoginsenoside R1 (R1) antagonize
ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury.
Methods: C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 8 groups, after
being treated for 3 days, cerebral I/R model was established.
Results: All drugs decreased apoptotic rate in Hippocampal CA1,
inhibited caspase-3, the effects of the combination were better than of
components alone. AST IV, Rg1 down-regulated the level of TNF-a,
ICAM-1 mRNA, respectively, R1 reduced both TNF-a and ICAM-1
mRNA. The combination had inhibitory effects on TNF-a, IL-1 b and
ICAM-1 mRNA, furthermore, the inhibitions were more than of components alone. AST IV, Rg1, R1 and the combination restrained the
ABSTRACTS
phosphorylation of IjBa, relieved nuclear translocation rate of NFjB, the effects of the combination were greater than of components
alone. All drugs suppressed the phosphorylation of JAK1 induced by
I/R, meanwhile the expression of p-STAT1 exhibited a decrease in
Rg1 and the combination. The decreases of p-JAK1 and p-STAT1 in
the combination were more obvious than in components alone. AST
IV, Rg1, R1 further augmented GRP78 caused by I/R, R1 attenuated
caspase-12, AST IV, Rg1 lessened the phosphorylation of JNK1/2.
The combination up-regulated GRP78 while down-regulated caspase12 and p-JNK1/2, being greater than of components alone.
Conclusion: The main active components combination between Astragalus and Panax notoginseng can enhance the effects of anti-apoptosis
and anti-inflammation on cerebral I/R injury, the mechanisms may be
associated with restraining the activation of NF-jB and JAK1/STAT1
signal pathways, regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress after cerebral
ischemia.
PO523-TUE
The angiotensin-converting enzyme gene insertion/
deletion polymorphism is associated with increased
risk for ischemic stroke but not for myocardial
infarction in young Mexican population
Isordia-Salas I, Jimenez-Alvarado RM, Mendoza-Vald
ez L,
Alvarado-Moreno JA, Santiago-Germ
an D, Valades-Meja MG,
Hern
andez-juarez J and Majluf-Cruz A
Unidad de Investigacion Medica en Trombosis, Hemostasia Y
Aterogenesis, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico, D.F.,
Mexico
Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke represent the most
important complications of arterial
thrombosis disease.
Aims: The aim was to explore the association of insertion/deletion (I/
D) polymorphism on the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene
with MI or stroke in young Mexican population.
Methods: In a first casecontrol study 297 patients < 45 years old with
MI were included. The diagnosis of MI was based on an electrocardiogram, clinical data and laboratory. They were admitted to the ICCU
of the Cardiology Hospital, CMN Siglo XXI, in Mexico City. A total
of 297 subjects without history of MI, age-gender matched, were
included in the control group. In a second casecontrol study, 235
patients < 45 years old with stroke were enrolled. Diagnosis of ischemic stroke was considered in all patients after an acute focal neurological deficit with duration > 24 h and followed by confirmation by
brain-computed tomography or magnetic resonance. A total of 235
subjects without history of stroke, age-gender matched, were included
in the control group. Informed written consent was obtained from all
subjects before enrollment.
Results: There was significant difference in the I/D genotype distribution (P = 0.02) and allele frequency (OR=1.45, 95% CI 1.02.74,
P = 0.02), between ischemic stroke and control groups. In contrast,
there was a similar I/D genotype distribution (P = 0.65) and allele frequency (P = 0.67), between MI and control groups.
Conclusion: The ID polymorphism of the ACE gene represented an
independent risk factor for ischemic stroke but not for MI in young
Mexican individuals. Our results suggest a possible different role of
genetics factors on atherothrombotic disease such as MI and stroke.
The identification of at risk individuals by genetic mapping of susceptible genes for effective control of other host factors will be a effective
and practical approach for prevention, as well as the development of
therapy for patients.
697
PO524-TUE
Thromboelastometry (ROTEM) profiles in patients
undergoing thrombolytic therapy for acute ischemic
stroke
Campello E1, Farina F2, Spiezia L1, Palmieri A2, Maggiolo S1,
Banzato L1, Valle FD1, Baracchini C2 and Simioni P1
1
Department of Medicine; 2Department of Neurological Sciences,
University of Padua, Padua, Italy
Background: Intracerebral haemorrhage remains one of the most
feared complications of thrombolytic therapy after an acute ischemic
stroke. Standard coagulation monitoring before and after thrombolysis is not able to predict which patients are at a higher risk of bleeding
after thrombolysis.
Aims: To evaluate the role of whole blood thromboelastometry, performed by ROTEM, in predicting bleeding complications in patients
with acute ischemic stroke undergoing thrombolytic therapy.
Methods: Twenty-five patients (M/F 15/10, age range 65 16 years)
with an acute ischemic stroke who were eligible for recombinant
human tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) therapy were enrolled. All
patients gave informed consent. ROTEM profiles were obtained just
before and 60 min after 0.9 mg kg1 rt-PA administration, and mean
values before and after rt-PA administration were compared.
Results: Of the 25 patients, five (20%) experienced a hemorrhagic
event after thrombolytic therapy. A significant reduction of mean
basal Maximum Clot Firmness (MCF) in INTEM, EXTEM and FIBTEM tests was observed (P = 0.035, 0.033 and 0.002, respectively)
after rt-PA treatment. Interestingly enough, the group of patients who
developed bleeding complications after rt-PA treatment showed significantly lower mean basal MCF values in FIBTEM assay (13 4 mm)
than patients without bleeding events (21 5 mm, P < 0.006). Moreover, the five patients who developed bleeding complications showed
significantly higher mean Maximum Lysis (ML) values in the EXTEM
assay (14 3%) after rt-PA treatment than patients without bleeding
events (7 4%, P = 0.007). ROC curves, performed to measure the
diagnostic accuracy of MCF, showed high sensitivity (94.4%) for
MCF levels < 13.5 mm in predicting bleeding events, but very low
specificity (60%).
Conclusion: Whole blood thromboelastometry could be a useful tool
to identify those patients, scheduled for thrombolytic therapy after
acute ischemic stroke, at higher risk of bleeding, determining different
management strategies after thrombolysis.
PO525-TUE
Severe obesity is a risk factor for cerebral venous
thrombosis: a case-control study
Coutinho JM1, Zuurbier SM1, Broeg-Morvay A2, Heldner M2,
Rosendaal FR3, Stam J1, Arnold M2, Middeldorp S4 and
Cannegieter SC5
1
Neurology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The
Netherlands; 2Neurology, Inselspital, Berne, Switzerland;
3
Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Leiden University Medical Center,
Leiden; 4Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center,
Amsterdam; 5Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical
Background: Obesity is a risk factor for deep vein thrombosis of the
leg. Whether this is also the case for cerebral venous thrombosis
(CVT) is unknown.
Aims: To asses if obesity is a risk factor for CVT.
Methods: Unmatched case control study. For cases we used patients
with CVT included in a prospective study between 2006 and 2014 in 2
academic hospitals in The Netherlands and Switzerland. Healthy sub-
698
ABSTRACTS
jects included in the Dutch MEGA study (Multiple Environmental

and Genetic Assessment of risk factors for venous thrombosis) were
used as controls. Women who were pregnant or had recently given
birth were excluded. WHO definitions for overweight (body mass
index [BMI] 25 kg m2) and obesity (BMI 30 kg m2) were used.
Using logistic regression analysis we adjusted for sex, age, malignancy,
ethnicity, smoking, and oral contraceptive use. A BMI of 18.524.99
was used as reference category.
Results: We included 113 cases and 5611 controls. Cases were younger
(median 40 vs. 49 years), more often female (75 vs. 53%) and more
often used oral contraceptives (72 vs. 23% of women) than controls.
Mean BMI was higher in cases compared to controls (26.8 vs. 25.6,
P = 0.05) Severe obesity was associated with CVT in a dose-dependent
manner (BMI 3034.99 adjusted OR 1.2, 95% CI 0.62.5; BMI 35
39.99 adjusted OR 4.5, 95% CI 2.010.4; BMI 40 adjusted OR 9.7,
95% CI 3.229.3). When included as a continuous variable, BMI was
also associated with CVT (adjusted OR per 1 kg m2 increase in BMI
1.1, 95% CI 1.041.1).
Conclusion: Severe obesity is a risk factor for CVT in a dose-dependent
manner.
PO526-TUE
Light-sheet fluorescence microscopy of the acutely
ischemic brain reveals dramatically reduced thrombotic
activity in t-cell deficient mice
Stegner D1,2, Gorelashvili M1, van Eeuwijk JM1,2, Angay O2,3,
Pinnecker J2,3, Schuhmann MK4, Friedrich M2,3, Stoll G4,
Heinze KG2,3 and Nieswandt B1,2
1
Chair of Vascular Medicine, University Hospital W
urzburg;
2
Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine; 3Biorzburg; 4Department of
Imaging Center, University of Wu
Neurology, University Hospital W
urzburg, W
urzburg, Germany
Background: Stroke is the second leading cause of death and disability
worldwide and mostly caused by thromboembolic occlusion of major
brain vessels. The primary therapeutic goal in acute stroke is to
achieve recanalization, but, even if successful, only less than one third
of patients benefit. The phenomenon of ongoing ischemic lesion development despite recanalization is referred to as reperfusion injury.
Although numerous contributing factors, like platelet adhesion,
degranulation, as well as T-cell responses have been identified, the
mechanistic interactions of these factors leading to brain injury remain
unknown and their elucidation requires novel in vivo imaging technologies.
Aims: We sought to analyze the spatio-temporal characteristics of
platelet deposition and thrombus formation in the ischemic brain
using light-sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM) in wildtype and Tcell deficient mice (Rag1/).
Methods: We subjected mice to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO), a model of ischemic stroke. Brains were antibodystained for platelets and endothelial cells, paraformaldehyde-fixed and
chemically cleared. Entire hemispheres were imaged via LSFM and
thrombus formation was mapped.
Results: We established a protocol for antibody penetration, tissue
clearing, and triple-color illumination allowing the visualization of
platelet deposition in an intact brain hemisphere. This approach
allowed us to generate a spatio-temporal map of thrombotic activity in
the microcirculation of the ischemic brain, revealing the gradual
increase of formed thrombi, while an unexpectedly high number of
brain vessels remained perfused. Strikingly, T-cell deficient mice displayed dramatically reduced numbers of thrombi in the ischemic brain,
despite normal thrombus formation in models of arterial thrombosis.
Conclusion: This novel method allows a spatio-temporal mapping of
cell-cell interactions during cerebral infarct progression, thereby
revealing fundamental pathomechanisms of thrombo-inflammation in

the ischemic brain.
PO527-TUE
The alteration of iron transmembrane proteins
expression in the rat hippocampus following focal
cerebralischemia
Liao J1, Cheng S2,3 and Ge J2,3
1
Department of Anatomy; 2College of Integrated Traditional
Chinese and Western Medicine; 3Key Laboratory of Hunan
Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western
Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral
Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha,
China
Background: Iron is an important micronutrient for neuronal function
and survival. It plays an essential role in synthesis of the myelin sheath
and neurotransmission. On the contrary, iron also catalyses the production of free radicals and hence, causes oxidative stress. Therefore,
maintenance of iron homeostasis is very crucial and it involves a number of proteins in iron metabolism and transport that maintain the balance. Iron distribution and expression of iron transmembrane protein
in cerebral ischemia are unknown.
Aims: In this study, we focus on the changes of iron transmembrane
protein expression, such as Transferrin Receptor (TFR), Ferroportin
(Fpn), Feline leukemia virus subgroup C receptor (FLVCR) and
Breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), in the rat hippocampus following focal cerebral ischemia.
Methods: Rats were randomly divided into 2, 6, 12, 24 and 72 h groups
following middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and the mRNA
and protein level of iron transmembrane proteins were detected by
reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) at the above time points respectively.
Results: The expression of TFR was significantly increased in the hippocampus at 12 h after surgery and maintained in a high level at 24 h
and 72 h, whereas BCRP was reduced at 12 h after surgery and maintained at low level at 24 h and 72 h. The expression level of FLVCR
was significantly decreased at 72 h, while the expression of Fpn was
increased, which is reached a peak at 12 h after surgery.
Conclusion: Our findings strongly suggest that dysregulation of intracellular iron balance is possibly a new mechanism underlying cerebral
ischemia and that targeting iron homeostasis may serve as a potential
therapeutic approach to combat cerebral ischemia.
PO528-TUE
Nonclinical and clinical development of TMS-007, a
member of the anti-inflammatory small-molecule
thrombolytic SMTPs
Hasumi K1,2, Nishimura N1, Hasegawa K1, Sawada H1 and
Suzuki E2
1
Research and Development, TMS Co., Ltd.; 2Applied Biological
Science, Tokyo Noko University, Fuchu, Japan
Background: SMTPs, a family of small molecules derived from a fungus, modulate plasminogen conformation and enhance its proteolytic
activation, thus promoting physiological plasmin formation and
thereby effectively treat thrombotic and embolic strokes in animal
models in rodents and primates. Notably, the SMTP compound
reduces hemorrhagic transformation and has a wide therapeutic time
ABSTRACTS
window, both of which are attributable to the combination of thrombolysis with anti-inflammation via inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase, a key enzyme involved in the regulation of the levels of antiinflammatory epoxy-fatty acids.
Aims: The goal of this project is to develop a SMTP congener as a drug
widely prescribable to stroke patients.
Methods: The standard nonclinical testings were performed according
to the ICH guidelines using a GMP grade TMS-007, one of the promising SMTP compounds, of which manufacturing methods, specifications, and testing methods were established. Pharmacological studies
were performed with various ischemic stroke models in rodents and
primates. A randomized, placebo-controlled, double blind phase I
study of TMS-007 was performed with healthy male volunteers aged
from 20 to 45 years. The study consisted of 6 cohorts differing in the
dose from 3 to 600 mg per body by a single intravenous infusion for
30 min.
Results: The GMP production of TMS-007 was accomplished by fermentation, followed by several purification steps, affording highly
purified API. Both API and the injection formulation were stable. In
embolic stroke models in the mouse, gerbil, and monkey, TMS-007
was efficacious in reducing infarct size and ameliorating neurological
deficits with treatment 36 h after embolization. In atherothrombotic
stroke model in monkeys, TMS-007 suppressed infarct development
and hemorrhagic transformation. No obvious toxicity was observed at
a pharmacological dose of TMS-007 in the GLP testing. The phase I
study is ongoing.
Conclusion: TMS-007 is a promising candidate of a new generation
stroke drug.
PO529-TUE
Antithrombin levels in adult stroke patients at the
university of Benin teaching hospital
Awodu OA1,2 and Nnachi OC1
1
Haematology and Blood Transfusion, University of Benin
Teaching Hospital; 2Haematology, University of Benin, Benin
City, Nigeria
Background: Antithrombin deficiency has been postulated to be associated with ischaemic stroke. ischaemic stroke is relatively common in
Nigeria. The roleof antithrombin deficiency in the aetiopathogenesis
of ischaemic stroke has not been fully determined in Nigerians with ischaemic stroke
Aims: To determine the role of antithrombin deficiency in the development of ischaemic stroke in Nigerians
Methods: One hundred and thirty (130) participants comprising 65 ischaemic stroke patients and 65 apparently healthy control. Functional
and quantitative assessment of antithrombin was done using chromogenic assay and ELISA methods from Technochrom AT111 kit and
Assaypro ELISA kit respectively. The PT and APTT were done using
standard methods
Results: A total of 65 patients with ishaemic stroke mean age
60.4 12.3 years were studied. Total WBC was significantly higher in
stroke subjects than controls (P = 0.001). The mean platelet count was
also higher in ishaemic stroke subjects than healthy controls. the Hb
concentration was lower in ischaemic stroke subjects. The PT and
APTT were similar in both groups. There was no statistically significant difference between plasma antithrombin level in subjects with
stroke and controls
Conclusion: Antihrombin deficiency may not be associated with the
pathogenesis of ischaemic stroke in Nigerians. larger population studies are needed to determine the exact role of antithrombin in Nigerians
with Ischaemic stroke.
699
PO530-TUE
Clopidogrel resistance after minor ischemic stroke or
TIA is associated to pre-diabetes, hypertension and
cerebral microangiopathy
Lundstrom A1, Laska AC1, Gigante B2,3, von Arbin M1,
rneskog G1, Laurencikas E4, Dembrower KH4 and Wallen H3
Jo
1
Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences,
Karolinska Institutet Danderyd Hospital; 2Institute of
Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet; 3Division of
Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences;
4
Division of Radiology, Department of Clinical Sciences,
Karolinska Institutet Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
Background: Clopidogrel resistance (CR) or high on-treatment platelet reactivity confers an increased risk of recurrent CVD and cardiovascular death.
Aims: Investigate the importance of glucose metabolism, hypertension
and micro- and macrovascular pathology for CR in patients with
minor ischemic stroke (IS) or TIA.
Methods: Seventy-two patients treated with clopidogrel were evaluated
1 month after symptoms. Platelet function was measured by wholeblood impedance aggregometry and CR defined according to recent
consensus. Glucose metabolism was evaluated by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and fasting serum insulin (fS-insulin). Cerebral
microangiopathy was evaluated by Fazekas scale for white matter
changes (WMC) on CT brain. Carotid atherosclerosis was evaluated
by ultrasound or CT/MR angiography. Complementary sampling for
microalbuminuria and hsCRP was performed in the stable phase for a
subset of patients.
Results: CR was found in 22% (16/72) of patients. CR had a more disturbed glucose metabolism than responders (R), with median fasting
plasma glucose 5.9 vs. 5.2 mmol L1 (P = 0.02), prevalence of pathological OGTT/DM 88% vs. 46% (P = 0.002), and fS-insulin 99 vs.
57 pmol L1 (P = 0.03) compared to R. HbA1C did not differ between
groups. CR received median two antihypertensive drugs vs. one for R,
and had higher systolic blood pressure, 145 vs. 135 mm Hg (P = 0.02).
Presence of moderate to extensive cerebral WMC was more common
in CR than R, 56% vs. 25% (P = 0.02). There were no differences
between groups in degree of carotid atherosclerosis. Microalbuminuria
or hsCRP did not differ between 11/16 CR and 48/56 R sampled more
than 1 year after symptoms.
Conclusion: Pre-diabetes, hypertension and cerebral microangiopathy
are associated with CR after minor IS or TIA, but not carotid atherosclerosis, nephropathy or chronic systemic inflammation. Endothelial
dysfunction and shear activation of platelets in the cerebral microvasculature may contribute to the results.
PO531-TUE
Association between polymorphisms in microrna
machinery genes (DICER1, DROSHA, RAN, AND
XPO5) and ischemic stroke
An HJ1,2, Kim JO1,2, Jang HG1,2, Choi GH1,2, Ko KH1,2, Kim OJ3
and Kim NK1,2
1
Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University;
2
Institute for Clinical Research; 3Neurology, CHA Bundang
Medical Center, Seongnam, Korea
Background: Stroke is the third leading cause of death in the world.
Ischemic stroke is a complex, multifactorial disease influenced by multiple genetic and environmental factors. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a
role in atherosclerosis-related diseases, such as cerebrovascular and
cardiovascular disease. In addition, miRNA machinery genes, such as
700
ABSTRACTS
DICER, DROSHA, RAN and XPO5, play an important role in vascular disease
Aims: The objective of this study was to investigate the association
between ischemic stroke and six known polymorphisms in miRNA
processing genes [DICER1 rs13078 30 untranslated region (UTR)
A>T, DICER1 rs3742330 30 UTR A>G, DROSHA rs10719 30 UTR
T>C, DROSHA rs6877842 30 UTR G>C, RAN rs14035 30 UTR C>T,
and XPO5 rs11077 30 UTR A>C] with ischemic stroke in Koreans. A
total of 1000 participants (589 ischemic stroke patients and 411 controls) were enrolled in the study
Methods: We analyzed the associations between these polymorphisms
and both disease status and clinical factors in 585 ischemic stroke
patients and 403 controls. Genotyping was performed with the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism
(PCR-RFLP) method
Results: We identified an association between the DICER1 rs3742330
and DROSHA rs10719 polymorphisms and ischemic stroke. The frequency of the rs3742330 and rs10719 polymorphisms was higher in
stroke patients than in controls, suggesting these polymorphisms may
be associated with increased risk of ischemic stroke
Conclusion: Our study provides the evidences for DICER and DROSHA genes as potential biomarkers for use in ischemic stroke prevalence
PO532-TUE
Thrombolysis using N-Acetylcysteine in acute ischemic
stroke
Gauberti M, de Lizarrondo SM, Gakuba C and Vivien D
Serine Protease and Pathophysiology of the neurovascular unit,
Background: The recanalization rate after tPA-induced fibrinolysis
remains low (~30%), especially in case of platelet-rich thrombi (~6%).
We recently demonstrated that platelet cross-linking during high-shear
thrombosis in intracranial arteries is mediated by von Willebrand Factor (VWF) polymers. Interestingly, since VWF polymerization
involves disulfide bonds, thiol reducing agents (including N-Acetylcysteine, NAC) are able to cleave VWF multimers.
Aims: (i) To investigate whether NAC would disperse platelet aggregates by reducing VWF multimers and (ii) to compare this thrombolytic strategy to fibrinolysis in terms of recanalization rate in different
murine models of ischemic stroke.
Methods: Thrombin and FeCl3 induced stroke in mice.
Results: We first compared two thrombotic stroke models induced
either by intra-arterial administration of thrombin or by topical application of ferric chloride (FeCl3) in terms of clot composition and sensitivity to tPA. Whereas thrombin induced fibrin-rich clots, sensitive to
tPA, FeCl3 induced the formation of platelet-rich clots which were
resistant. Accordingly, tPA failed to improve stroke outcome in the
FeCl3 model. In contrast, a single intravenous administration of NAC
(400 mg kg1) restored vessel patency and improved stroke outcome
in this model. This thrombolytic effect was further potentiated by coadministration of NAC with a GpIIb/IIIa inhibitor, leading to a 77%
reduction in ischemic lesion size when injected 20 min after stroke
onset. Interestingly, in contrast to heparin, NAC did not worsen intracranial hemorrhage.
Conclusion: NAC is superior to tPA for disaggregating platelet-rich
thrombi in mice and does not promote hemorrhagic transformations
in our experimental conditions. Therefore, thiol-reducing agents represent a new class of thrombolytics.
PO533-TUE
Multiple meningiomas does not increase the risk of
intracranial hemorrhage after intravenous thrombolysis
for acute ischemic stroke
Lail N, Mowla A, Singh K, Mehla S and Shirani P
Neurology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo,
USA
Background: Intravenous Thrombolysis is the only FDA approved
pharmacological therapy for acute ischemic stroke. Intracranial neoplasm are currently considered as a contraindication for IV thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke patients.
Aims: We report a case of acute ischemic stroke that received IV
thrombolysis within 3 h of symptom onset and was found to have 2
meningiomas on subsequent brain imaging.
Methods: An 83-year-old woman developed sudden onset right-sided
hemiparesis and aphasia. She presented with disabling neurological
deficit with a NIHSS of 19. Initial head CT at another hospital was
read as no acute abnormality. We only had access to the report of the
initial head CT scan and were not able to review the images. She had
no obvious contraindication for IV rtPA. She received IV rtPA based
on the standard protocol and afterwards, she was transferred to our
medical center for higher level of care. On presentation to our ER, 6 h
after the symptom onset, she had improvement in her language function and her NIHSS was 14. A non-contrast CT head was done right
after, which showed no ICH but showed a 1.4 cm and a 2.2 mm hyperdense mass suggestive of a planum sphenoidale meningioma. Brain
MRI with and without gadolinium was performed 6 h later which
demonstrated acute ischemic infarct in the left frontal lobe. In addition, brain MRI revealed 2 meningiomas. Head CT scan was repeated
in 24 h from IV rtPA administration that did not show ICH. Over
next 48 h NIHSS improved to 9, and to 4 upon discharge on day 4
post IV rtPA administration.
Results: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported patient
of acute ischemic stroke who received IV thrombolysis and had more
than one intracranial neoplasms, both were meningiomas. Our case
confirms the previous literature that the presence of benign intracranial neoplasms does not increase the risk of ICH in acute ischemic
stroke patients who receive IV thrombolysis.
Conclusion: NA.
PO534-TUE
Patent foramen ovale in patients with previous cerebral
ischemic events: echocardiographic features and
relationships with transcranial Doppler
P1, Tufano A1, Esposito R2, Santoro C3, De Stefano F1,
Ierano
Cerbone AM1, Di Minno G1, de Simone G3 and Galderisi M4
1
Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II
University Hospital. Naples, Italy; 2Hypertension Research Center
(CIRIAPA), Department of Translational Medical Sciences;
3
Hypertension Research Center (CIRIAPA), Department of
Translational Medical Sciences; 4Department of Advanced
Biomedical Sciences, Hypertension Research Center (CIRIAPA),
Federico II University, Naples, Italy
Background: The association of patent foramen ovale (PFO) with
stroke has been repeatedly confirmed. PFO is found frequently in
patients with cryptogenic stroke (i.e. not attributable to traditional
cardiovascular risk factors).
Aims: We assessed the echocardiographic features and their relations
with transcranial Doppler in patients with PFO and history of cryptogenic cerebral ischemic events.
ABSTRACTS
Methods: The study population included 97 consecutive outpatients
with a recent cerebral ischemic event, referred for PFO search from
January 2011 to December 2013. All patients underwent a complete
transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), with additional bubble test of
injected saline solution (to visualize transition of bubbles from right to
left atrium) and transcranial Doppler (TCD) bubble test of middle
cerebral artery (to visualize high-intensity transient signals [HITS] at
the cerebral level). Patients were divided into 2 groups: 65 with PFO
and 32 without PFO.
Results: The two groups were comparable for sex, age, body mass
index, blood pressure and heart rate. Patients with positive bubble
TTE exhibited larger right atrial (RA) diameter (3.6 0.6 cm vs.
3.4 0.5 cm, P < 0.01) than patients without PFO. In patients with
PFO, RA diameter normalized for body surface area was greater in
PFO patients with TTE derived microbubbles > 20 than in those with
< 20 microbubbles. It was also related with HITS number, calculated
in the cycle with the highest number by TCD (b coefficient = 0.325,
P < 0.005), independent of potential confounders (Chiari network,
atrial septal aneurism and redundance of Eustachian valve).
Conclusion: PFO is associated with enlarged right atrium size. RA
enlargement is an independent correlate of HITS number in the cerebral district. We suggest that RA size should be studied as a potential
additional risk factor for PFO-related stroke.
PO535-TUE
Hemorheology and hemostasis in ischemic stroke
patients treated with i.v. thrombolysis
Gafarova M1, Domashenko MA1, Maximova MY1,
Loskutnikov M1, Korobkova DZ2, Shabalina AA3, Kostyreva MV3
and Konovalov RN4
1
Acute Stroke Department; 2Outpatient Department; 3Laboratory
on Hemostasis and Hemorheology; 4Department of
Neuroimaging, Research Center of Neurology, Moscow, Russia
Background: Hemostatic and hemorheological disturbances are the
typical pathological conditions in ischemic stroke and may be related
with microcirculatory failure (MCF) suspected to be responsible for
the non-reperfusion after recanalization therapy.
Aims: To evaluate the association of hemostatic and hemorheological
features with clinical parameters and neuroimaging correlates of MCF
in stroke patients treated with or without i.v.thrombolysis (IVT).
Methods: Detail dynamic study of hemostasis (fibrinogen, INR, Ddimer, PTT, APTT), platelet aggregation on ADF and on adrenaline, kinetics of erythrocyte aggregation/disaggregation and erythrocyte deformability (light-backscattering techniques) in comparison
with clinical (NIHSS) and neuroimaging features (MRI, MR-angiography, CT-perfusion) and functional outcome (mRs) were performed in ischemic stroke patients treated with IVT (group 1) or
without it (group 2). All participants or their representative had
signed informed consent.
Results: The positive association of fibrinogen level at admission with
NIHSS after IVT was found in atherothrombotic stroke (ATS)
(r = 0.673, P = 0.023). The activity of platelet aggregation on adrenaline (PA-Adr, %) was initially increased in group 1 and in patients
with ATS. The rate of its diminution was higher in group 1. Neurological improvement was more rapid in group 1. Increased strength of
erythrocyte aggregates (SEA) was found to be associated with better
functional outcome (mRS) and that correlation was stronger in group
1 (for group 1 r = 0.703, P = 0.016; for group 2 r = 0.531,
P = 0.034). Increased SEA was also associated with better dynamics
of ischemic lesion on DWI-MRI on 3 day in group 2.
Conclusion: Activation of PA-Adr and association of fibrinogen with
NIHSS reflects predominantly platelet dysfunction during ATS. Systemic action of IVT may cause reduction of PA-Adr in group 1.
701
Increased SEA which may be assumed as compensatory reaction seems

to be a prognostic for better outcome in stroke patients.
PO536-TUE
Altered fibrin clot structure/function in patients with
cerebral sinus venous thrombosis and the risk of
recurrence
Siudut J1, Zaz bczyk M2 and Undas A2
1
John Paul II Hospital; 2Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian
w,
University Medical College and John Paul II Hospital, Krako
Poland
Background: Venous thromboembolism is associated with a prothrombotic fibrin clot phenotype.
Aims: We tested the hypothesis that denser fibrin networks displaying
impaired lysability characterize patients with cerebral sinus venous
thrombosis (CSVT).
Methods: We assessed the ex vivo plasma fibrin clot properties, including lysability, in 50 patients following the first CSVT after withdrawal
of anticoagulation (aged 38.9 9.8 years, female 72%) and 50 controls matched for age and sex. Patients with trauma or cancer were
ineligible. Recurrences were recorded during a 3-year follow-up.
Results: The CVST and control groups differed with regard to FV Leiden (22 vs. 6%, P = 0.04) but not in terms of other CVST risk factors.
D-dimer, fibrinogen and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 were similar in both groups. Clot permeability (Ks) was lower in CSVT patients
than in controls (6.43 0.97 vs. 7.3 1.2 109 cm2, P < 0.001) and
was associated with longer clot lysis time induced by tissue plasminogen activator (103.0 16.8 vs. 92.4 16.2 min, P = 0.002) as well as
with lower maximum rate of D-dimer release from a clot (0.068
[0.0640.071] vs. 0.072 [0.0670.078] mg L1 min1, P = 0.0015),
respectively. CSVT patients had a slightly shorter lag phase (40 [3742]
vs. 41 [3844] s, P = 0.039) and higher maximum absorbance of fibrin
gel (0.88 [0.810.92] vs. 0.80 [0.76- 0.86], P < 0.001) compared to controls. Fibrin clot variables were not associated with provoked/unprovoked event or thrombophilia. During 3 years following the first
event, CVST recurred in six patients (12%), who had higher levels of
fibrinogen (3.36 [3.173.95] vs. 2.91 [2.653.21] g L1, P = 0.006).
Regression analysis showed that after adjustment for fibrinogen CVST
recurrence was independently associated with Ks (OR, 7.1; 95% CI,
1.729.9; lower quartile vs. the reminder) and lag phase (OR, 5.9; 95%
CI, 1.229.9).
Conclusion: This study is the first to show that CSVT is associated with
altered fibrin clot structure and resistance to fibrinolysis, which may
predispose to its recurrence.
PO537-TUE
The novel biased agonist for PAR-1 protects brain cells
from toxicity similar to activated protein C
Gorbacheva L1,2 and Savinkova I1Strukova S2
1
Physiology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical
University; 2Human and animals physiology, Lomonosov State
University, Moscow, Russia
Background: Activated protein C (APC) is a homeostatic serine protease with antithrombotic activities and also cytoprotective actions,
which realizes via PAR-1 and endothelial protein C receptor. Thrombin interacts with PAR-1 also, but demonstrates effects opposite to
APCs actions during excitotoxicity and inflammation. In contrast to
thrombin APC protects cells from damage at stress, hypoxia and toxic
702
ABSTRACTS
conditions. It has been shown recently that the multidirectional effects

of thrombin and APC may be due to biased agonism at the action of
thrombin and APC proteinases on endothelial cell PAR-1 (Mosnier
et al., 2012).
Aims: The goal of this work was to study the influence of peptide analog of the PAR-1 tethered ligand liberated by APC (AP9) on rat astrocyte and neuron cultures at toxic conditions.
Methods: We have used following models: 1 - neuroinflammation; 2 glutamate excitotoxicity. 1. It was performed on astrocytes cultures
with using as inflammation agent high concentration of thrombin
(50 nM). 2. Cell survival was measured 24 h after 30-min incubation
neuronal rat cultures with 100 lM glutamate. The cell proliferation of
primary cortical astrocyte culture was estimated by MTT method. The
peptide NPNDKYEPF-NH2 (AP9) was synthesized in Russian cardiology research and production complex.
Results: We shown that AP9 (0.2200 lM) in dose-dependent manner
decreases the thrombin-induced activation of astrocytes like APC.
AP9 prevents proliferation and increasing of S100B level and normalizes cytoskeleton of astrocytes at thrombin toxicity. The results of this
research demonstrate for the first time the neuroprotective effect of
AP9 at excitotoxicity similar to the effects of APC. The blocking of
PAR-1 with SCH79797 prevents AP9 effects on astrocytes as well as
on neurons.
Conclusion: Thus AP9 has neuroprotective effects and prevents the
activation of astrocytes and astrogliosis during pathological condition
similar to APC via PAR-1.
Thrombophilia II
PO538-TUE
Role of genetic polymorphisms of haemostasiss
system in case of habitual miscarriage
Vorobyeva N and Gamirkina DR
Hemostasis, Nsmu, Archangelsk, Russia
Background: The problem of habitual miscarriage is one of the most
difficult medical and social problems. Currently there are no data can
be taken from Russian sources on the epidemiology of genetic predisposition to thrombophilia among women with habitual miscarriage at
the European North of Russia. But its known that the north region
takes the first places in spontaneous abortion level.
Aims: To obtain data on the epidemiology of some genetic polymorphisms among women with complicated obstetrical history in the
European North of Russia.
Methods: A retrospective research of the genetic polymorphisms epidemiology was conducted. Target group consists of 185 women with
recurrent miscarriage and no thrombotic episodes. As a control group,
we used data on the prevalence of the same genetic polymorphisms
among women in Arkhangelsk, who had no history of thrombotic episodes (n = 74). Further analysis was performed for the presence of
seven genetic polymorphisms that determine defects of hemostasis and
predisposing to thrombosis: fibrinogen G455A, prothrombin
G20210A, clotting factor V G1691A, MTHFR C677T, PAI-I 675 4G/
5G, platelet receptors GpIIIa T1565C, ApoE E2/E3/E4.
Results: Despite the absence of statistically significant differences
between groups, it is important to note a fairly high odds ratio for gene
PAI-I 675 4G/4G (OR = 1.80; 95% CI 0.983.31; P = 0.058), gene
GpIIIa 565 T/C (OR=1.74; 95% CI 0.953.10; P = 0.074) and the gene
Apoe E2/E4 (OR=4.22; 95% CI 0.7623.42; P = 0.092).
Conclusion: All three polymorphisms are potential risk factors for
thrombosis.
PO539-TUE
Individual absolute and relative risk (RR) of pulmonary
embolism (PE) in pregnancy and puerperium in
presence of hereditary thrombophilic risk factors
Zotz RB1, Scharf RE2 and Gerhardt A3
1
Center for Blood Coagulation and Transfusion Medicine (CBT);
2
Department of Hemostasis and Transfusion Medicine, Heinrich
Heine University Medical Center, Duesseldorf; 3Department of
Hemostasis and Transfusion Medicine, Blutgerinnung Ulm, Ulm,
Germany
Background: PE is a major cause of maternal death.
Aims: The aim of our study was to determine the individual probability of PE based on the relative and absolute risk associated with hereditary risk factors of thrombosis. These data have not been available to
date.
Methods: In 243 women with first venous thromboembolism (VTE) in
pregnancy and 243 age-matched women with at least one prior pregnancy and no history of VTE, RR for hereditary thrombophilic risk
factors and the individual probability of PE were determined. Based
on epidemiological data, an incidence of approx. 1:3500 deliveries was
assumed.
Results: RR of VTE was 4.6 for heterozygous factor V Leiden (FVL),
20 for homozygous FVL, 3.1 for heterozygous prothrombin gene
mutation (PTM), 44 (estimated) for combined heterozygous FVL and
PTM, 2.0 (P = 0.083) for antithrombin (AT) < 90% (10th percentile)
and 49 for < 60%, 2.3 for protein C deficiency < 76% (10th percentile)
and 5.5 for < 50%, 4.1 for protein S deficiency < 40% (P = 0.089),
and 9.7 for free proteinS deficiency < 40% (P < 0.05 for all unless
noted otherwise). Probability of pregnancy-related PE was 0.1% for
heterozygous FVL, 0.57% for homozygous FVL, 0.08% for heterozygous PTM, 1.2% for combined heterozygous FVL and heterozygous
PTM, 0.06% for AT deficiency < 90%, and 1.4% for < 60%, 0.06%
for protein C deficiency < 76%, 0.16% for < 50%, 0.10% for protein
S deficiency < 40%, and 0.29% for free protein S deficiency < 40%.
FVL-associated risk may be lower (FVL paradox).
Conclusion: This study presents the first data available for pregnancyrelated PE associated with thrombophilic risk factors. A relevant
increase in the risk of PE was estimated in patients with severe thrombophilia (e.g. combined defects and AT deficiency). Since 7 of 17
women with VTE and homozygous or combined heterozygous FVL/
PTM had no first-degree relatives with a history of VTE, current
guidelines recommending to omit heparin prophylaxis in these patients
are to be questioned, especially considering the assumed case fatality
rate of 10%.
PO540-TUE
R147W in proc gene and the risk of thromboembolism
in Thai children
Sirachainan N1, Chuansumrit A1, Sasanakul W1, Mahaklan L1,
Vaewpanich J1, Charoenkwan P2, Kanjanapongkul S3,
Wongwerawattanakoon P4 and Kitpoka P5
1
Pediatrics, Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok; 2Pediatrics, Chiang
Mai University, Chiang Mai; 3Pediatrics, Queen Sirikit National
Institute of Child Health; 4Nursing; 5Pathology, Ramathibodi
Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
Background: Protein C (PC) deficiency is a common risk factor of
thromboembolism (TE) in Asian population. The incidence of PC deficiency in Thai population and patients with venous TE were 1.99%
and 8.9%, respectively, which were higher than in Caucasians. R147W
mutation, an nt6152 C>T in exon 7, has been reported to be a common
ABSTRACTS
mutation in Chinese population with venous TE. However, this mutation has never been studied in Thai children.
Aims: To determine the risk factor of R147W mutation in Thai children with TE.
Methods: Patients age < 19 years diagnosed with TE were informed to
be enrolled in the study. The controls were healthy regular donors
without history of TE from hospital Blood Bank. PC gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction using specific primer in exon 7.
Results: A total of 190 patients and 485 controls, with mean ages of
8.6 years and 33.1 years, respectively, were enrolled. The diagnosis of
TE was arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) 52.1%, venous TE 21.0%, systemic arterial TE 13.1%, cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST)
12.1%, and multiple sites TE 1.6%. The underlying diseases, identified
in 52.6% of patients, were vasculitis (29%) followed by malignancy
(14%) and thalassemia diseases (12%). The incidence of heterozygous
and homozygous R147W in patients and controls was 9.5% vs. 5.8%
and 2.6% vs. 0.0%, respectively. Heterozygous R147W had odds
ratios of 3.0 (95% CI 1.27.9, P = 0.016) and 4.5 (95%CI 1.613.1,
P = 0.002) to develop venous TE and CVST, respectively. In addition,
heterozygous R147W in patients without underlying diseases had OR
of 2.1 (95%CI 1.04.5, P = 0.048) for developing TE. PC activity in
patients with normal, heterozygous and homozygous R147W had the
mean (SD) levels of 113.0 (45.5), 63.5 (21.8) and 58.0 (39.0) %, respectively, P < 0.001.
Conclusion: R147W is a common mutation in Thai children with TE.
Therefore, R147W should be included as a screening test in children
with venous TE, CVST and TE without underlying diseases.
PO541-TUE
Acute superior mesenteric vein thrombosis in a noncirrhotic patient with heterozygous G20210A
prothrombin gene mutation: a case report
Mawri S and Paje D
Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, USA
Background: A 40-year-old man presented with acute onset abdominal
pain and nausea. Exam revealed diffuse abdominal tenderness. CBC,
electrolytes and liver profile were unremarkable. Abdominal CT demonstrated acute thrombus in the superior mesenteric vein, without liver
cirrhosis. Anticoagulation was initiated. Imaging and colonoscopy,
autoimmune panel and genetic testing for JAK2 mutation were negative. Thrombophilia studies were only positive for heterozygous form
of prothrombin 20210G>A mutation. Follow-up CT scan at 5 months
showed complete clot resolution.
Aims: Report a case of splanchnic venous thrombosis in non-cirrhotic
patient, discuss clinical presentation, work-up, and management of
this entity and implications of thrombophilia
Methods: Per Mr. Celine from ISTH 2015 Abs [[email protected]], I can submit case report here.
Results: Splanchnic vein thrombosis (SVT) unrelated to cirrhosis is
rare and potentially lethal. Clinical presentations include vague GI
symptoms. Abdominal CT is the diagnostic modality of choice. Anticoagulation should be initiated promptly to prevent extension of
thrombus and intestinal infarction. Work-up should include evaluation of local risk factors, such as liver cirrhosis, infections or malignancies, as well as thrombophilia screening to rule out inherited
hypercoagulable states. Expert consensus recommends anticoagulation
for at least 3 months for non-cirrhotic SVT. Lifelong anticoagulation
is recommended in cases of underlying prothrombotic factors. Heterozygous mutation of prothrombin gene carries a 2.8 fold increased risk
of thrombosis; however, unlike those with homozygous mutation,
guidelines recommend same anticoagulation duration as with normal
genotype.
703
Conclusion: Non-Cirrotic SVT is rare but potentially lethal condition

that warrants prompt recognition. Anticoagulation should be started
promptly and evaluation should include thrombophilia screening, as it
may determine optimal duration of treatment.
PO542-TUE
Thrombin generation test at R2 polymorphism of
factor V
Prochazkova J1, Slavik L1, Prochazka M2 and Ulehlova J1
1
Hemato-oncology; 2Medical genetics, University Hospital
Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
Background: Thrombin generation test (TGT) is a functional test with
a potential to assess the capacity of complete hemostatic system unlike
routinely used coagulation tests that reflect specific part of coagulation
system only. TGT has a special area of application in the determination of real prothrombogenic effect of known thrombofilias. R2 polymorphism of factor V (FV A4070G) increases the risk of
thrombembolic disease only slightly according to recent experience.
Aims: The aim of our paper was to assess the prothrombogenic effect
of R2 FV using TGT test.
Methods: We performed thrombin generation test in the cohort of R2
FV heterozygots and in a control group. All the assessed individuals
had negative personal history of thrombembolic complications.
Thrombin generation test: Venous blood was collected into 0.1 volume
of 3.6% trisodium citrate, centrifuged for 20 min at 2000 g and stored
at 80 C until time of analysis. Three major parameters of thrombin
generation curve were used for analysis maximum of thrombin generation (TGT max), endogenous thrombin potential (TGT ETP, area
under curve) and TGT lag time. R2 polymorphism FV was detected
by allele specific PCR.
Results: The group of patients with R2 polymorphism of FV had
thrombin generation with significantly higher value only of TGT max
229, 4 (nM), but not ETP 2175 (nm) and lag time 3.0 (min) in comparison with control group TGT max 123, 5 (nM); ETP 2380, 7 (nm); lag
time 3.6 (min). The total value of thrombin generation was not significantly different between both groups.
Conclusion: Our results show increased formation and a higher peak of
formed thrombin, whereas the total level of thrombin using ETP
parameter was without any significant difference in the assessed
groups. Our results support clinical experience of just a moderate
increase of the risk of thrombembolism in R2 FV polymorphism heterozygots.
Disclosure of Interest: None declared. Supported by the grant LF2015-001 and IGA NT 14394.
PO543-TUE
Factor V Leiden in the absence of apc resistance in a
patient after liver transplantation
Odnoczko E, Bykowska K, Baran B and Windyga J
Department of Hemostasis and Metabolic Disorders, Institute of
Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
Background: Mutation c.1601G>A (p.Arg534Gln) in coagulation factor V gene (F5) makes the molecule less sensitive to proteolytic inactivation by activated protein C (APC) and such phenomenon is known
as APC resistance (APCr). This genetic defect (factor V Leiden, FVL)
is the most common cause of inherited thrombophilia in European
populations. FVL accounts for over 90% of APCr cases, therefore
detection of FVL in a patient without APCr is very uncommon.
Aims: We present here a case of FVL in the absenceof APCr in a
patient who underwent liver transplantation.
704
ABSTRACTS
Methods: Forty-six-year-old female underwent successful orthotopic

liver transplantation for HBV-related liver failure and was referred to
our Centre for thrombophilia testing due to positive family history of
venous thromboembolism (VTE). Laboratory tests for antithrombin
activity, protein C activity and free protein S antigen level were performed. APCr assay (with predilution with FV deficient plasma) was
determined by using Coatest APC Resistance V Kit (Chromogenix).
Molecular screening for common prothrombotic mutations
[c.1601G>A in F5 and c.*97G>A in prothrombin gene] was carried
out using PCR-RFLP. F5 gene analysis was also performed by direct
sequencing of exon 10 on the ABI 3130XL Genetic Analyzer (Applied
Biosystems).
Results: The patient have not had a personal history of VTE. Laboratory tests revealed heterozygous FVL despite of normal APC response
in plasma. Other thrombophilic defects were ruled out. Testing of family members confirmed presence of heterozygous FVL in one asymptomatic patients son. We believe that in this case the normal APC
response in APCr test results from production of normal coagulation
factor V by donor liver, whereas FVL represents the patients genomic
DNA isolated from leukocytes.
Conclusion: This case demonstrates that interpretation of thrombophilia testing in a patient after liver transplantation may be more complex than in other patients groups. The clinical significance of our
findings has yet to be explained.
PO544-TUE
Venous thromboembolism associated with first
pregnancy in 80 women with hereditary antithrombin
deficiency
Horellou MH1,2, Benmiloud N3, Conard J1, Flaujac C1,
Lepercq J4,5, Alhenc-Gelas M6 and Plu-Bureau G2,3
1
^pitaux universitaires Paris
Service dHematologie biologique, Ho
edecine Paris-Descartes; 3Unit
e de
Centre; 2Faculte de m
^pitaux universitaires Paris Centre;
Gynecologie medicale, Ho
4
Faculte de medecine Paris Descartes; 5Service de Gyn
ecologie
^pitaux universitaires Paris Centre; 6Laboratoire
Obstetrique, Ho
dHematologie, Hopital Europ
een Georges Pompidoi, Paris,
France
Background: The risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) associated
with antithrombin deficiency (AT-Def) during pregnancy is not well
defined and recent recommendations for antithrombotic prevention
have been discussed.
Aims: We report a retrospective study of VTE during the first pregnancy of 80 women (W) with AT-def (67 families).
Methods: The type of AT-Def was classified according to AT activity,
antigen concentration, and SERPINC1 mutation: A type I quantitative is present in 56 W, type II qualitative in 24 (reactive site in 1, pleitropic in 6, heparin binding site (HBS) in 16 and Cambridge in 1 W).
A concomitant thrombophilia was present in 10 W (2 prothrombin
G20210A and 8 Factor V Leiden mutations). The 16 W with type II
HBS were analysed separately, since this mutation is associated with a
lower risk of VTE.
Results: Among the 64 W with AT-def non HBS, aged 28.2a 4.7
(1739) years, 43 W were asymptomatic before the pregnancy and 21
had a previous VTE. A first VTE was observed in 13 of the 27 W
(48%) without prevention, and in 1 of the 13 treated W (18%). A
recurrent VTE occurred in 5 W with a previous VTE (4 of the 18
receiving a therapeutic anticoagulant treatment during pregnancy and
1 of the 3W without treatment). In total, among the W with AT-def
non HBS, a pregnancy related VTE is observed in 16% (5/31) of the
treated W and 47% (14/30) of the W without prevention (P = 0.02). In
the group of 16W with type II HBS, 14 were asymptomatic before
pregnancy, 4 received a prevention and only 1 VTE was observed. A
multivariate analysis show a significant association of VTE associated

pregnancy with the type of the deficiency (non HBS vs. HBS,
P = 0.007), the absence of prevention (P = 0.001) and the presence of
a concomitant inherited thrombophilia (P = 0.01).
Conclusion: Our results confirms the high risk of a firstpregnancy
related VTE in AT deficiency non type IIHBS in the absence of prevention, and are in favour of a therapeutic or preventive LMWH during pregnancy in these patients with or without previous VTE.
PO545-TUE
Molecular modeling of a novel mutation in the
SERPINC1 gene associated with type 1 antithrombin
deficiency
Wang T-F1, Dawson JE2,3, Forman-Kay JD2,3, Kahr WHA3,4,5,6,
Williams S5,6, Chan AK7,8 and Kumar R9,10
1
Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The
Ohio State University, Columbus, USA; 2Program in Molecular
Structure and Function, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick
Children; 3Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto;
4
Program in Cell Biology, Research Institute, The Hospital for
Sick Children; 5Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto;
6
Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick
Children, Toronto; 7Department of Paediatrics, McMaster
University; 8Division of Haematology/Oncology, McMaster
Childrens Hospital, Hamilton, Canada; 9Department of
Pediatrics, The Ohio State University; 10Division of Hematology/
Oncology, Nationwide Childrens Hospital, Columbus, USA
Background: Antithrombin (AT) deficiency is a rare thrombophilia.
Molecular modeling can help characterize new variants.
Aims: To describe a novel mutation in the SERPINC1 gene resulting
in type 1 AT deficiency, with structural visualization and in-silico stability simulations performed to confirm pathogenicity.
Methods: The SERPINC1 gene was analyzed by PCR amplification
followed by sequencing of both DNA strands. The solvent accessible
surface area for AT was estimated using utilities in PyMOL, a 3D
molecular visualization program, with the default parameters. The
electrostatic surface area was calculated with the Adaptive PoissonBoltzmann Solver. Rosetta, a program developed by the Baker laboratory predicts lowest energy protein structures. The DDG application of
Rosetta semi-quantitatively estimates the change in protein free energy
due to a single mutation. The resultant energy term is of arbitrary
units (reu), but a positive value indicates that the protein has been
destabilized by the mutation.
Results: A 27-year-old female presented with left-leg deep vein thrombosis. Thrombophilia workup revealed a low AT activity (38%). Three
months after stopping anticoagulation, AT activity remained low
(41%), with an antigen level of 46%. Genetic sequencing identified the
heterozygous variant, c.1196C>A in exon 6 of the SERPINC1 gene,
resulting in the amino acid substitution A399E. The AT X-ray structure used for simulation, 1T1F, was idealized by Rosetta to remove
any potential crystal artifacts before the energy calculation. The DDG
for A399E is predicted to be +9.0 reu, indicating that the protein is
destabilized by the mutation. A399E buries a negative charge in the
core of AT with zero accessible surface area. Based on the burial of the
charge and the DDG simulations of charged residues, AT is most likely
destabilized by the A399E mutation.
Conclusion: The novel c.1196C>A variant in the SERPINC1 gene is
pathogenic for AT deficiency. Molecular modeling is useful in determining the pathogenicity of new variants.
ABSTRACTS
PO546-TUE
Antiphospholipid antibodies as embolic risk marker of
infective endocarditis
Devignes J1, Maigrat C-H2, Goehringer F3, Thivillier C4, Juill
ere Y2,
Lecompte T5, Doco-Lecompte T6 and Selton-Suty C7
1
Service dHematologie Biologique; 2D
epartement de
Cardiologie; 3Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales;
4
Service de Reanimation M
edicale, Centre Hospitalier
Universitaire Nancy, Vanduvre-l
es-Nancy, France; 5Service
^pitaux Universitaire de Gen
dHematologie-Transfusion, Ho
eve;
faculte de Medecine, Universit
e de Gen
eve; 6Service des
^pitaux Universitaires de Gen
Maladies Infectieuses, Ho
eve,
epartement de Cardiologie, Centre
Geneve, Switzerland; 7D
Hospitalier Universitaire de Nancy, Vanduvre-l
es-Nancy,
France
Background: Infective endocarditis (IE) is a rare but serious disease
with a mortality rate of about 20%. Embolic complications, including
those of brain, are associated with significant morbidity and mortality.
Aims: The aim of our study was to reassess the relationships between
antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) and the embolic events occurring in
the IE.
Methods: Between 2007 and 2012, 175 adults with IE (Duke-Li classification) were prospectively included. Among them, 110 (63%) underwent an embolic event, including 47 brain embolisms. In 74 cases the
embolic event was diagnosed after IE diagnosis. The presence of aPL
was assessed by ELISA tests with cardiolipin (aCL IgG/IgM, European forum recommendations, Tincani 2001) and 2-glycoprotein I
(anti-2GPI IgG/IgM, Alegria, Orgentec). The occurrence of embolic
events after IE diagnosis with orwithout aPL was assessed by the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test (SAS software 9.3).
Results: Among the 175 IE patients, 31 (18%) had at least one positive
finding for aPL (19 with isotype IgM). Overall, patients with anti2GPI IgM were more frequently subject to brain embolism than
those without (P = 0.033); in multivariate analysis, associated factors
were aCL IgM (OR = 2.68; 95% CI 1.15 to 6.24; P = 0.02) and anti2GPI IgM (OR = 4.55; 95% CI 1.71 to 12.1; P = 0.002). According
to Kaplan-Meier curves, the occurrence of embolic events after IE
diagnosis was associated with anti-2GPI IgM (P = 0.0035), and the
occurrence of brain embolism was associated with aCL and anti2GPI IgMs (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.0037 respectively).
Conclusion: This study suggests a link between the anti-aCL or -2GPI
IgMs and embolic events in IE. The analysis of these markers could
help identifying patients at high risk for embolic complications and
considering emergency surgery. Otherwise, the detection of anti2GPI in this context and the involvement of isotype IgM but not IgG
is questioning some dogmas about aPL.
PO547-TUE
Hereditary and acqired thrombophilias and women
Elezovic I1, Antic DA2 and Mitrovic M3
1
II, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, and Clinic of
Haematology Clinical Center of Serbia; 2Lymphoma I; 3II, Clinic
of Haematology CCS, Belgrade, Serbia
Background: Women with hereditary thrombophilia (HT) and/or
acquired thrombophilia due to antiphospholipid antibodies (APA) are
at an increased risk of venous tromboembolism (VTE), miscarriages
and obstetric complications.
Aims: Acquired and HT were tested at 987 women, aged 976 years
(Med = 32), with thrombosis, miscarriages, obstetric complications, or
with positive family history.
705
Methods: Deficience of antithrombin, protein C, protein S, factor XII,

and lupus anticoagulant measured with coagulation tests, ACA and
anti b2GPI antibodies with ELISA and FV Leiden, prothrombin
20,210, MTHFR and PAI-1 4G variant with PCR methods.
Results: Results showed HT at 873 women and 226 with APA. One
HT detected in 426/761 women (56%), and two or more in 335/761
(44%). In 112/873 women (13%) with HT simultaneously were
detected APA. At 112/226 women with APA HT were detected (50%).
Thrombosis has had 176/761 (23%) of women with HT, 44/112 (39%)
with HT and APA, and 49/114 (43%) with APA alone. Two or more
thrombosis had 66/176 (37%) of women with HT and 26/49 (53%)
with APA. This difference is significant. Two or more miscarriages
have had 509/761 (67%) women with HT, 48/114 (42%) with APA
and 65/112 (58%) with both. During pregnancy 217 women with previous 313 miscarriages, after diagnosed of thrombophilias were treated
prophilacticaly with LMWH folic acid (for MTHFR). They delivered 244 babies, ant 24 of them during pregnancy were diagnosed and
treated for thrombosis. In addition, 28 women has had 32 successfully
delivery after 79 unsuccessful in vitro fertilisations.
Conclusion: Intensively examines the efficacy of LMWH in the prevention of recurrent miscarriage in women with HT and/or APA, is confirmed by our results, as well as efficiency of prevention and treatment
of VTE in pregnancy.
PO548-TUE
Characterization of a new hereditary prothrombin
variant associated with increased risk of venous
thromboembolism
Bulato C, Radu CM, Campello E, Gavasso S, Tormene D and
Simioni P
Background: Probands from two unrelated Italian families and with a
family history of thromboembolism developed recurrent deep vein
thrombosis at young age. We did not identify any known cause of
hereditary thrombophilia and coagulation tests were normal except
for a decreased prothrombin clotting activity. We identified a new prothrombin mutation (c.1786C>T, p.R596W), named prothrombin
Padua 2.
Aims: To understand how this novel mutation may alter the functional
properties of thrombin and cause thrombosis.
Methods: To assess the effect of the mutation on thrombin inactivation
by antithrombin (AT), plasma of probands were incubated with phospholipids, calcium and ecarin to allow the conversion of prothrombin
to thrombin and then treated with excess AT for different times. A
chromogenic thrombin substrate was added and changes in absorbance per min were measured at 405 nm. Relative residual thrombin
activity (RRTA) was calculated by comparison with 0-min data. To
explore the effect of the mutation on thrombin generation, a thrombin-generation assay was performed using calibrated automated
thrombography before and after the addition of excess AT to plasma
samples. Plasma from a healthy family member was used as control.
Results: After 30 min of inactivation by AT, the RRTA in the plasma
of probands were significantly higher (61.1% and 58.0%, respectively)
than those in 2 healthy relatives (28.4% and 35.1%, respectively). The
thrombin-generation assay in the presence of AT150% showed a
reduced maximum thrombin concentration (peak) and a prolonged
start tail in the plasma of probands in comparison to the controls.
Nodifference was detected in the endogenous thrombin potential.
Conclusion: These data, obtained in plasma, suggest that prothrombin
Padua 2 mutation may cause antithrombin resistance and therefore
predispose to thrombosis, as well as prothrombin Yukuhashi
(p.R596L) and prothrombin Belgrade (p.R596Q). Arginine at position
706
ABSTRACTS
596 of the prothrombin molecule might be a hot spot for mutations in

thrombophilic patients.
PO549-TUE
Arteriovenous thrombosis in end stage renal disease
patients
Borhany M1, Fatima N2, Hussain A1 and Shamsi T1
1
Department of Haematology, Haemostasis and Thrombosis;
2
Research, National Institute of Blood Disease and Bone Marrow
Transplant (Nibd), Karachi, Pakistan
Background: Renal disease can result in significant disorders of haemostasis. Alterations in haemostatic plasma protein factors have been
suggested to create a hypercoagulable state in End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) patients and vascular access thrombosis (VAT) represents a serious and common problem in these patients
Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of thrombotic complications and to identify factors associated with arteriovenous thrombosis in ESRD patients receiving renal replacement
therapy with age matched control group of ESRD who never had a
thrombotic occlusion
Methods: One hundred and twenty ESRD patients on regular dialysis,
having recent renal transplant, were selected for the study. This sample
was divided into two groups; a case group of 61 patients who had arteriovenous thrombosis with temporary central lines thrombosis and
vascular access problems and a control group of 59 ESRD patients,
who never had a VAT. Known cases of congenital or acquired thrombotic disorders were excluded. Findings were recorded in a structured
questionnaire. Laboratory analysis was done after clinical and radiological evaluation. Thrombophilia screening included Antithrombin
(AT), protein C (PC), protein S (PS) deficiencies and lupus anticoagulant (LA) in both groups.
Results: In case group, forty-seven out of 61 patients selected were
positive for thrombophilia screening with PC deficiency in 26.2%, PS
deficiency in 16.3%, AT in 5%, LA in 23.1% and combined deficiency
was observed in 16.3%. In control group, PC was 15.1%, PS 11.1%
and AT 1.5% results show no significant influence from deficiencies of
the endogenous anticoagulant proteins on VAT. There was no statistically significant difference between cases and controls regarding these
factors except LA 20.2%. LA demonstrated a significant difference on
VAT (P = <0.05)
Conclusion: Our study demonstrated a significant lupus anticoagulant
association with increased risk of VAT. Large cohort studies are
needed to confirm this finding.
Tissue factor and factor VII II

PO550-TUE
Effect of a carboxy-terminal peptide on factor VIIA
activity
Monroe DM1, Binder L2, Hoffman M2, Hart G2 and Hoffman M3
1
Hematology/Oncology, University of North Carolina, Durham,
NC, USA; 2Research and Development, OPKO Biologics, Nes
Zionna, Israel; 3Duke University Department of Pathology,
Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
Background: OPKO is developing a long acting version of therapeutic
proteins utilizing CTP technology. This involves fusion of the hCG C
Terminus Peptide to proteins. The technology was clinically validated
for several drugs while maintaining their biological activity.
Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the CTP on factor VIIa activity.
Methods: rFVII-CTP was expressed in CHO cells, purified utilizing a
CTP specific purification process, and activated. Activity was measured as the ability to activate factor X; these assays were done with
and without tissue factor (TF). TF binding was assessed by varying
factor VIIa. Kinetics of factor X activation were assessed by varying
factor X. Platelet surface binding and activity was assessed by incubating with FVIIa or FVIIa-CTP, then adding plasma levels of FX and
prothrombin and measuring thrombin generation. Antithrombin (AT)
inhibition of the TF complex was measured in the presence of heparin.
TFPI inhibition was assessed by competition with FX.
Results: rFVIIa-CTP was comparable to rFVIIa in binding to TF.
Once bound to TF, rFVIIa-CTP was near normal (> 90%) in ability
to activate factor X; the small decrease was due to a difference in
Vmax and not a change in Km for factor X. rFVIIa-CTP had normal
ability to bind to phospholipid vesicles. Once bound rFVIIa-CTP activated factor X at about half the rate of rFVIIa. This effect was a
change in Vmax, the Km toward factor X was normal. Thrombin generation on platelets was slightly slower in the presence of rFVIIa-CTP
than rFVIIa. In the presence of TF, AT, and heparin, rFVIIa-CTP
retained activity slightly longer than FVIIa with a change in the rate of
inhibition of just over half. Inhibition of the TF complex by TFPI was
normal for rFVIIa-CTP.
Conclusion: rFVIIa-CTP has normal activity with TF but reduced TFindependent ability to activate factor X relative to rFVIIa.The biochemical assays are consistent with the observation that rFVIIa-CTP
is effective at stopping bleeding in animal models.
Disclosure of Interest: D. Monroe Grant/Research Support from:
OPKO Biologics, L. Binder Employee of: OPKO Biologics, M. Hoffman Employee of: OPKO Biologics, G. Hart Employee of: OPKO Biologics, M. Hoffman Grant/Research Support from: OPKO Biologics.
PO551-TUE
A 28-years-old woman with factor VII deficiency
revealed after two severe post operational bleeding
episodes
Papapetrou E1, Giansily-Blaizot M2, Harissis H3,
Vartholomatos G1, Kolaitis N1 and Schved JF2
1
Haematology Laboratory, Ioannina University Hospital,
Ioannina, Greece; 2Department of Biological Haematology, CHU
Montpellier, Montpellier, France; 3Surgical Department-Breast
Unit, Ioannina University Hospital, Ioannina, Greece
Background: Congenital factor VII (FVII) deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive hemorrhagic disorder. Its clinical spectrum varies from
asymptomatic to lethal hemorrhage.
Aims: We report a new case of congenital FVII deficiency from
Greece.
Methods: Our case is a 28 y/o woman. She reports two vaginal deliveries with a severe bleeding in one. Recently, she underwent surgical
removal of a benign breast tumor. Eight and 11 days post-operation
she experienced two serious bleedings from the surgical wound that
were treated conservatively and surgically, respectively. An oozing
type of bleeding was observed. No hemorrhagic family history was
reported. Patients clotting profile included prothrombin time PT, activated partial thromboplastin time aPTT, plasma fibrinogen levels and
determination of coagulation factors activity all by the use of commercial kits (SIEMENS Healthcare diagnostics). The method used for the
molecular analysis was the direct sequencing, utilizing the Sanger technique.
Results: Patients clotting profile showed prolonged PT of 16.9 s
(range 9.512), normal aPTT (28.3 s), fibrinogen levels and platelets
counts. FVII-deficiency with 42% activity (range 70120%) and a normal activity for FII, FV and FX were confirmed. An inhibitor screen 2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997
ABSTRACTS
ing by mixing with normal human plasma showed correctable PT.
Molecular analysis revealed that our patient was heterozygous for
both p.Ala354Val and p.Pro464HisfsX28 mutations.
Conclusion: The potential link between mild FVII-deficiency and the
bleeding phenotype is unclear albeit classical bleeding causes such as
platelet defects and Willebrand disease were excluded. Both mutations
have been previously described on the same allele in FVII-deficient
patients from Eastern and Northern Europe, but not in our region.
Considering the lack of epidemiological data, we think that the recording of a new case will enrich the molecular epidemiology of congenital
FVII deficiency in Greece.
PO552-TUE
Tissue factor/FVIIA transactivates the IGF-1R in
prostate cancer cells via inhibition of caveolin-1
Aberg M and Siegbahn A
Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry and Science for Life
Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
Background: We recently described a tissue factor (TF)/factor VIIadependent transactivation and nuclear accumulation of the receptor
tyrosine kinase IGF-1R. Caveolae are well characterized cell membrane signaling compartments, but their role in TF signaling is poorly
understood.
Aims: To clarify the mechanism behind the TF-induced phosphorylation of the IGF-1R, we investigated the interaction between IGF-1R
and caveolin-1 (cav1, the principal protein in caveolae), in FVIIa-treated prostate cancer cells.
Methods: Prior incubation with FVIIa, PC3 cells were treated with:
cav1 siRNA, scramble siRNA, a peptide corresponding to cav1 aminoacids 82101 (the scaffolding domain), or with a scramble peptide.
The phosphorylations of IGF-1R and cav1 were determined usingDuolink In Situ and western blot (WB), and the nuclear localization of
the IGF-1R was assessed by WB on fractionated cell lysates.
Results: FVIIa treatment (10 and 100 nM) increased the phosphorylation of the IGF-1R after 30 min and induced a nuclear translocation
after 2 h. The IGF-1R was also activated by cav1 siRNA knockdown.
This indicated and inhibitory role of cav1 on the IGF-1R in resting
cells and the addition of FVIIa was not able to further phosphorylate
the IGF-1R in the cells with reduced expression of cav1. Additional
experiments showed that pretreatment with the cav1 scaffolding
domain peptide completely abolished the effects of FVIIa (100 nM)
regarding IGF-1R phosphorylation and nuclear translocation. The
formation of the TF/FVIIa-complex did not alter cav1 protein levels
but induced a phosphorylation of tyrosine 14 on cav1 after 10 min.
Conclusion: In summary, we show that cav1 inhibits the activation of
the IGF-1R via its scaffolding domain, and that it becomes phosphorylated on tyrosine 14 after treatment with FVIIa. We suggest that the
cav1 phosphorylation terminates the inhibition of cav1 on the IGF1R, and that it thereby serves as a crucial step in the TF/FVIIa-dependent IGF-1R transactivation.
707
PO553-TUE
The LRP1 receptor promotes the in vivo clearance of
activated factor VII (FVIIA) in complex with
antithrombin
Fazavana JG1,2, Wohner N1,2, Christophe O1, Denis C1,2 and
Lenting PJ1,2
1
Inserm U1176, H
emostase, Inflammation, et Thrombose, CHU le
Kremlin-Bic^
etre, Cedex, Kremlin-bic^
etre; 2UMR S 1176,
Universit
e Paris Sud, Paris, France
Background: Activated factor VII (FVIIa) is approved for the treatment of several bleeding disorders, including hemophilia with inhibitors. After intravenous injection, its half-life (T1/2) is relatively short
(23 h), which limits its application in prophylactic therapy. FVIIa is
cleared predominantly (~65% of the injected protein) following complex formation with the Serpin antithrombin (AT; Agers JTH 20119:333). FVIIa/AT complexes are targeted to hepatocytes and liver
macrophages, i.e. Kupffer cells (Seested Thromb Res 2011-127:356).
Both cells lines abundantly express LRP1, a scavenger receptor
involved in the clearance of protease/Serpin complexes.
Aims: To investigate whether (i) FVIIa/AT is a ligand for LRP1 and
(ii) LRP1 modulates clearance of administered FVIIa.
Methods: FVIIa clearance was determined in macrophage LRP1-deficient mice (macLRP1-). Binding of FVIIa and FVIIa/AT to macrophages and purified LRP1 was performed.
Results: Survival of FVIIa was prolonged 2-fold in macLRP1-deficient
mice compared to control mice [0.9 h (95% CI 0.71.5 h) vs. 0.4 h
(95% CI 0.30.6 h); P < 0.001], and recovery was modestly increased
(44 5% vs. 36 4%; P < 0.05). Cell-binding experiments revealed
binding of both FVIIa and FVIIa/AT to THP1-macrophages. FVIIa
binding was reduced in the presence of annexin-V or an anti-tissue factor antibody, while insensitive to the LRP1-antagonist RAP. In contrast, binding of FVIIa/AT was selectively inhibited by RAP. Indeed,
binding assays using purified proteins demonstrated that FVIIa/AT,
but not FVIIa alone, bound in a specific dose-dependent and saturating manner to LRP1 or a recombinant ligand-binding LRP1 fragment
(Cluster IV).
Conclusion: Our data indicate that the FVIIa/AT complex but not
FVIIa alone is a ligand for LRP1, and LRP1 also may contribute to
the clearance of the FVIIa/AT complex.
Disclosure of Interest: J. Fazavana: None declared, N. Wohner Grant/
Research Support from: Bayer Hemophilia Awards Program, O. Christophe: None declared, C. Denis: None declared, P. Lenting: None
declared.
PO554-TUE
High plasma concentration of activated factor viiantithrombin complex is associated with an enhanced
thrombin generation
Baroni M1, Branchini A1, Guarini P2, Tosi F2, Sartori F2,
Campioni M1, Puzzo F1, Woodhams B3, Girelli D2, Olivieri O2,
Bernardi F1 and Martinelli N2
1
Departmentof Life Sciences and Biotecnology, University of
Ferrara, Ferrara; 2Department of Medicine, University of Verona,
Verona, Italy; 3Haemacon Limited, Bromley Kent, UK
Background: Plasma concentration of activated factor VII (FVIIa)antithrombin (AT) complex has been proposed to reflect tissue factor
(TF) exposure, thus being a potential biomarker of a prothrombotic
diathesis. However, the clinical and laboratory significance of FVIIaAT remains still elusive.
Aims: To investigate the possible correlations between FVIIa-AT
plasma concentration and thrombin generation parameters, i.e. Lag
Time, Time to Peak, Peak, and Endogenous Thrombin Potential (ETP).
708
ABSTRACTS
Methods: The analyses were performed in 272 subjects (206 males and
66 females, mean age 59.8 11.1 years, 198 with and 74 without coronary artery disease (CAD). Subjects who were taking anticoagulant
drugs, who had acute coronary syndrome or any acute illness in the
month preceding the enrolment, or who had severe renal and/or liver
impairment, were excluded from this study. The plasma concentration
of FVIIa-AT was measured by ELISA. Thrombin generation was
assessed by means of a fluorogenic method.
Results: FVIIa-AT plasma concentration correlated directly with Peak
(R = 0.143; P = 0.018) and ETP levels (R = 0.143; P = 0.018), while
no association was found for Lag Time (R = 0.066; P = 0.276) and
Time to Peak (R = 0.052; P = 0.395). Subjects with FVIIa-AT levels
higher than the median value (> 79 pM) had increased Peak (6.82
(6.557.03) vs. 6.36 (6.176.55) Rfu/s; P = 0.009) and ETP levels
(906.9 (880.1925.2) vs. 854.1 (837.2871.3) Rfu; P = 0.001) in comparison with those having lower levels. A high FVIIa-AT plasma concentration remained a significant predictor of Peak (bcoefficient=0.168; P = 0.006) and ETP levels (b-coefficient=0.200;
P < 0.001) after adjustment for sex, age, and CAD diagnosis, and even
including the traditional coagulation times in the regression model.
Conclusion: In this study high FVIIa-AT levels were consistently associated with thrombin generation, in particular with an increased ETP,
thus supporting the hypothesis of FVIIa-AT as a marker of hypercoagulability.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Baroni: None declared, A. Branchini: None
declared, P. Guarini: None declared, F. Tosi: None declared, F. Sartori: None declared, M. Campioni: None declared, F. Puzzo: None
declared, B. Woodhams: None declared, D. Girelli: None declared, O.
Olivieri: None declared, F. Bernardi: None declared, N. Martinelli
Grant/Research Support from: his study was supported by Diagnostica Stago, Asnieres, France with financial support and by providing
reagents
A>G and F7 323A1/A2 polymorphisms remained significant predictors of FVIIa-AT variability. By Kaplan-Meier survival analysis only
TF 603 A>G polymorphism was a predictor of mortality in the
CAD population, while no significant association was found for the
other genetic variants. TF 603 GG-homozygotes were associated
with a decreased risk of both total (HR 0.52 with 95% CI 0.300.93)
and cardiovascular mortality (HR 0.45 with 95% CI 0.210.95) in sexand age-adjusted Cox-regressionmodels.
Conclusion: The different association of FVIIa-AT genetic determinants with mortality suggests that the mechanisms causing the increase
in plasma concentration of FVIIa-AT (and not only the levels) may
have a key role in CAD prognosis, thus reviving the interest in the TF
pathway.
Disclosure of Interest: F. Sartori: None declared, F. Tosi: None
declared, B. Lunghi: None declared, P. Guarini: None declared, M.
Baroni: None declared, A. Branchini: None declared, B. Woodhams:
None declared, D. Girelli: None declared, O. Olivieri: None declared,
F. Bernardi: None declared, N. Martinelli Grant/Research Support
from: This study was supported by Diagnostica Stago, Asnieres,
France with financial support and by providing reagents.
PO555-TUE
Tissue factor and factor VII gene polymorphisms
influencing FVIIA-AT plasma concentration are not
uniformly associated with mortality in patients with
stable coronary artery disease
Background: Inherited coagulation factor VII (FVII) deficiency is

caused by heterogeneous mutations in the F7 gene and is associated
with increased bleeding risk, inversely correlated with plasma FVII
levels. The FVII mutations L204P, Q100R, G360V, del229I and
A294V-11125delC, most of which are associated with life-threatening
bleeding symptoms, impair FVII intracellular trafficking and secretion, possibly due to misfolding. Accumulation of misfolded proteins
within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) cause ER stress and can trigger
the unfolded protein response (UPR) and apoptosis.
Aims: To investigate ER stress responses in cells expressing the various
mutant FVII proteins.
Methods: Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells were transiently
transfected with plasmids expressing the wild-type (wt) or mutant
FVII. ER stress was measured using the Cignal ERSE reporter Luciferase assay. Upregulation of ER chaperones and transcription factors
and activation of kinases was measured using Western blotting. The
apoptotic effect of FVII mutants was measured in CHO-K1 cells using
the Caspase-Glo 3/7 luminescent assay and flow cytometry.
Results: The relative Luciferase activity was higher in cells expressing
the mutant FVII compared to wt, suggesting an increased ER stress
response. Moreover, we observed a small increase in caspase 3/7 activity in the FVII mutant-expressing cells compared to the wt indicating
increased apoptotic activity. ER stress studies using Western blotting
and studies on apoptosis using flow cytometry, are currently in progress.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that FVII mutations, which change,
delete or extend the FVII sequence, induce ER stress most likely due
to accumulation of misfolded proteins. Alternative therapies targeting
the underlying pathogenic molecular mechanism of the FVII mutations would be promising for the patients compared to the current
replacement therapy.
Sartori F1, Tosi F1, Lunghi B2, Guarini P1, Baroni M2, Branchini A2,
Woodhams B3, Girelli D1, Olivieri O1, Bernardi F2 and
Martinelli N1
1
2
Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of
Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; 3HaemaCon Ltd, Bromley, Kent, UK
Background: Plasma concentration of activated factor VII (FVIIa)antithrombin (AT) complex has been proposed to reflect tissue factor
(TF) exposure, thus being a biomarker of a prothrombotic diathesis.
We have previously demonstrated that high FVIIa-AT levels may be
an independent predictor of total and cardiovascular mortality in
patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD).
Aims: To investigate TF and F7 gene polymorphisms as determinants
of FVIIa-AT plasma concentration and their potential association
with mortality in the setting of secondary prevention of CAD.
Methods: Within the original selection of Verona Heart Study subjects
for whom FVIIa-AT data were available (n = 686, 546 with and 140
without angiographically-proven CAD) and according the availability
of DNA samples, genotyping of TF (603 A>G and +5466 A>G) and
F7 (402 G>A, 323 A1/A2 and R353Q) polymorphisms was performed.
Results: TF 603A>G polymorphism was significantly associated with
FVIIa-AT plasma concentrations, with GG-homozygotes having
lower levels than carriers of A allele. F7 323 A1/A2 and R353Q
genotypes correlated significantly with FVIIa-AT levels according with
the influence on FVIIa. In a multivariate adjusted model TF 603
PO556-TUE
The role of factor VII mutations in endoplasmic
reticulum stress
Drum E1,2, Chollet ME1,2, Pinotti M3, Bernardi F3,
1
Department of Hematology; 2Research institute of internal
medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; 3Department
of Life Sciences and Biotechnology and LTTA Centre, University
of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; 4Institute of Clinical Medicine,
University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
ABSTRACTS
PO557-TUE
FVII deficiency: unveiling the cellular and molecular
mechanisms underlying three model alterations
(missense, deletion, extension) of the FVII catalytic
domain
1,2
1,2
709
PO558-TUE
microRNAs modulate human tissue factor pathway
inhibitor- (TFPI) expression in response to
androgens in endothelial cells
4
Dugarte MEC , Drum E , Skarpen E , Koehler C , Thiede B ,

Morth JP5, Myklebust CF1,2, Pinotti M6, Bernardi F6,
1
Department of Hematology; 2Research Institute of Internal
Medicine; 3Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University
Hospital; 4Department of Biosciences; 5Centre for Molecular
Medicine Norway,University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway;
6
Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; 7Institute of Clinical Medicine, University
of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Background: The inherited coagulation factor VII (FVII) deficiency is
the most common amongst rare bleeding disorders. Although several
mutations have been characterized, the intracellular mechanisms
responsible for severe type I deficiency forms, the most frequent, are
still unclear. At present, treatment of FVII deficiency is based on
replacement therapies, which has limitations.
Aims: To reveal cellular and molecular pathogenic mechanisms of
three model molecular defects of the FVII catalytic domain: the
G360V missense change, the one-residue deletion del229I and the
frame-shifted and elongated variant A294V-11125delC, all associated
with severe bleeding.
Methods: The wild type (wt) and mutant FVII were expressed in
CHO-K1 cells, the protein levels were measured in medium and cell lysates (CL) by ELISA and Western blot (WB) and FVII activity by fluorogenic assays. Stability of FVII variants was evaluated by pulsechase stable isotope labelling followed by mass spectrometry based
quantitative proteomics. Intracellular localization was assessed by confocal microscopy. Molecular modelling was performed to describe the
possible atomic consequences of the mutations.
Results: FVIIwt and mutants were detected in CL, but only FVIIwt
was appreciably secreted. Intracellular studies revealed that the FVII
mutants accumulated in endoplasmic reticulum without reaching the
Golgi apparatus. The FVII synthesis and stability patterns seemed to
differ between the wt and mutants and also amongst the mutants.
Molecular modeling suggested that the G360V substitution might
cause severe structural disruption of the molecule.
Conclusion: These findings suggest an impaired intracellular trafficking
of FVII mutants, possibly due to misfolding, which seems to play a
role in the stability of the mutants. Therapies targeting the molecular
mechanism of the mutants would be promising for the patients as even
a modest increase of functional protein will be beneficial.
Rodrguez ABA1, Salloum-Asfar S1, P

erez-S
anchez C2, TeruelMontoya R1, Garca-Barber
a N1, Luengo-Gil G1, Navarro S3,
pez-Pedrera C2, Vicente V1, Martnez C1 and
Medina P3, Lo
Gonzalez-Conejero R1
1
edica, Hospital
n, Universidad De Murcia, Imib-Arrixaca, Murcia;
Hemodonacio
2
n, IMIBIC, Hospital Universitario Reina
rdoba; 3Unidad de Investigacio
n en Hemostasia,
Sofa, Co
Trombosis, Arteriosclerosis y Biologa Vascular, IIS Hospital La
Fe, Valencia, Spain
Background: TFPI expression in adults is regulated by 5a-dihydrotestosterone (DHT). This regulation contributes to the reduction of this
anticoagulant from the 50s and might play a role in the increased risk
for cardiovascular events. The molecular mechanisms underlying are
unknown.
Aims: To evaluate the role of miRNAs on the regulation of TFPIa
expression in response to DHT.
Methods: Endothelial cells (EA.hy926 and HUVEC) were transfected
with precursors and inhibitors of miRNAs. TFPIa expression was
quantified by qRT-PCR and western blot, and miRNA levels by qRTPCR. The validation of these results was performed by analyzing miRNA and TFPI expression in 74 HUVEC samples from human umbilical cords. EA.hy926 cells were treated with physiological doses of
DHT (30 nM, 24 h and 72 h). TFPI anticoagulant activity in
EA.hy926 and HUVEC supernatants was determined with Actichrome TFPI activity assay kit (Sekisui).
Results: In silico studies allow the selection of 4 miRNAs as potential
TFPIa regulators. Only miR-27a/b precursors significantly decreased
TFPI mRNA (NM_006287) and protein and, miRNA inhibitors
yielded the opposite result in two endothelial cell lines. Luciferase
assays demonstrated a direct interaction between miR-27a/b and TFPI
30 UTR. Ex vivo study showed a significant and inverse correlation
between TFPI mRNA and miR-27a levels. Anticoagulant activity of
TFPIa decreased ~30% with miR-27a and increased ~50% with antimiR27a. Interestingly, DHT treatment induced a significantly
increased (~40%) TFPIa expression (of both mRNA and protein) with
a parallel decreased (~50%) of miR-27a/b expression.
Conclusion: miR-27a/b directly regulate TFPIa expression in endothelial cells, which influences TFPI anticoagulant activity. In addition,
our results suggest that DHT is a hinge in miR-27/TFPIa regulation
axis. Future studies are needed to investigate whether DHT variations
are involved on a miR27/TFPIa dysregulation that could increase the
cardiovascular risk inherent to aging.Disclosure of Interest: None
declared.
PO559-TUE
Single centre experience of factor VII deficiency
Madan B1, Shah G2, Vatopoulou T2, Mitchell M3 and Cutler J3
1
Centre for Haemostasis and Thrombosis, St Thomas Hospital;
2
Haematology, Kings college Hospital; 3Molecular Haemostasis
and Thrombosis, Viapath LLP, St Thomas Hospital, London, UK
Background: We report on 62 patients who have been referred to our
Centre for evaluation of FVII deficiency over the last 20 years. Of
these 31 patients underwent investigations because of a history of
bleeding, 11 were tested as part of family study and 19 were investigated because of an incidental finding of prolonged INR on preoperative coagulation screening.
710
ABSTRACTS
Aims: To establish whether there is any correlation between FVII levels, genotype and bleeding tendency and to review the surgical management of patients in a large cohort of patients from a single centre.
Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of patients records
with a view to eliciting bleeding history, F VII levels, F7 genotype and
haemostatic cover.
Results: The 62 patients ranged in age from 5 to 88 years: 26 were male
and 36 were female. Only two patients were classified as having severe
FVII deficiency with a baseline FVII level <1 iu dL1. The remainder
had baseline FVII level ranging from 1 to 49.2 iu dL1. 31/62 patients
gave a bleeding history. One of the two patients with severe F VII deficiency presented with epistaxis and the other with menorrhagia and
epistaxis. No instances of severe bleeding were observed in the entire
cohort. The F7 gene was analysed in 52/61 patients, and of these 51
had either a pathogenic mutation or polymorphisms which would
explain their FVII level. There was poor correlation between genetic
variant and levels.
Conclusion: Eleven patients with FVII level ranging from < 1 iu dL1
to 25 iu dL1 received rVIIa concentrate to cover one or more major
surgical procedures. Minor surgical procedures were successfully managed with tranexamic acid alone, with rVIIa on hand in case of bleeding. Results show that there was poor correlation between phenotypic
FVII levels, F7 genotype and bleeding tendency. Replacement with
rVIIa concentrate is required only in selected cases and is effective at
securing haemostasis
PO560-TUE
Thrombin generation in patients with mild factor VII
deficiency measured in the presence of
thromboplastins of different origin
Chaireti R1, Arbring K2, Persson E3 and Lindahl TL4
1
Institutet, Stockholm; 2Department of Acute Internal Medicine,
tland, Linko
ping, Sweden;
Region Osterg
o
3
Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park, M
alv, Denmark;
4
ping
ping, Sweden
University, Linko
Background: Factor VII (FVII) deficiency is a rare congenital bleeding
disorder with mostly mild symptoms.
Aims: Thrombin generation (TG) was measured in a cohort of patients
with mild FVII deficiency in the presence of thromboplastins (TP) of
different origin. The aim was to compare TG in patients with FVII
deficiency and in controls and associate the bleeding symptoms and
levels of FVII with the haemostatic potential of the patients.
Methods: TG was measured by the Calibrated Automated Thrombogram (CAT) in platelet poor plasma in the presence of 5 pM tissue
factor (human recombinant, h-TP) and in the presence of a corresponding rabbit brain TP (r-TP) concentration. 4 lM phospholipids
were used in both measurements. The TG markers measured were lagtime, endogenous thrombin potential (ETP), peak and time to peak
(ttpeak). Thrombin generation was measured in nine patients with
mild FVII deficiency and in twelve healthy controls. Only one patient
had a severe bleeding phenotype, while the others had very mild or no
symptoms.
Results: The median FVII activity was 0.55 kIU L1 (0.321.03) (in
the presence of h-TP) and 0.29 kIU L1 (0.190.54) (in the presence of
r-TP). In the presence of h-TP, ETP and ttpeak were higher in the control group (ETP: P = 0.028, 1971 nM*min and 1700 nM*min resp.,
ttpeak: P < 0.001). In the presence of r-TP, lagtime, peak and ttpeak
were higher in the control group (lagtime: P = 0.001, peak: P = 0.004,
328 nM and 199 nM resp., ttpeak: P = 0.003). TG did not differ significantly among the patients with FVII deficiency. There was no clear
association between TG markers, FVII levels and bleeding phenotypes.
Conclusion: ETP in the patient group was not markedly decreased

compared to controls, even for the patient with severe bleeding symptoms. In conclusion, regardless of FVII levels, TG was lower, but
within the reference range (as defined for this laboratory) in this cohort
of patients with mild FVII deficiency andmostly mild bleeding symptoms, as compared to controls.
PO561-TUE
Mutations in the F7 gene in Swedish patients with
discrepant factor VII activity in the presence of
thromboplastins of different origin
Chaireti R1, Arbring K2, Olsen OH3, Persson E3 and Lindahl TL4
1
Institutet, Stockholm; 2Department of Acute Internal Medicine,
tland, Linko
ping, Sweden;
Region Osterg
o
3
Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park, M
alv, Denmark;
4
ping
ping, Sweden
University, Linko
Background: Factor VII (FVII) deficiency is the most common among
the rare congenital bleeding disorders. Some mutations in the F7 gene
cause differences in the levels of FVII when thromboplastins of different origin are used.
Aims: This study was initiated when it was observed that in ten
patients with mild FVII deficiency referred to the coagulation laboratory of the university hospital in Link
oping, the ratio [FVII activity
measured in the presence of human/rabbit thromboplastin, TP] was
> 1.25 (i.e. the median ratio for this laboratory). The aim of the study
was to investigate whether a novel mutation in the F7 gene could be
responsible for this finding.
Methods: The F7 gene for every patient was analysed by polymerase
chain reaction (PCR) and bidirectional sequencing of the coding
region and exon-intron splice junctions. In addition, a multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification assay was performed to test for
the deletion or duplication of one or more entire exons.
Results: The cohort consisted of seven female and three male patients.
The median age was 45.5 (2086) years. The median FVII activity was
0.55 kIU L1 (0.321.03) (in the presence of human recombinant TP)
and 0.29 kIU L1 (0.190.54) (in the presence of rabbit brain TP).
Nine out of ten patients had one mutation in common (Arg353Gln).
The ratios were highest in three patients; two of those were heterozygous for FVII Shinjo and one was heterozygous for FVII Padua.
Conclusion: The Arg353Gln polymorphism which was found in 90% of
the patients in this cohort is rather common, as previously reported in
blood donors. The prevalence in the Swedish population is unknown.
The most prominent differences in ratios between human and rabbit
thromboplastin were observed in the patients with FVII Padua and
FVII Shinjo, which are known to produce such variations due to source
of thromboplastin. It was thus concluded that the Arg353Gln mutation
did not contribute significantly to the observed discrepancies.
PO562-TUE
FVII deficiency and thrombosis, coincidence or new
mechanism of thrombophilia
Larfi Y, Bachiri I, Zazoua W, Fenni N, Giancily-Blaizot M and
Schved JF
Hemobiology, Central Hospital of Army Algeria, Algiers, Algeria
Background: A large number of arterial and venous thromboembolic
events were reported in hemorragic coagulopathies such as in hemophilia A and B, von Willebrand disease and factor VII deficiency .
ABSTRACTS
Aims: We propose in this presentation a review of literature and a case
report of a FVII deficiency associated with recurrent thrombosis.
Methods: Phenotypic tests of coagulationwere performed on STA
compact- Stago. DNA extraction by Quick-Gene mini-80 - Fujifilm.
The FVII mutation researched by direct sequencing.
Results: We report a 34-year-old male patient with the antecedent of
recurrent phlebitis and cerebral venous thrombosis. The investigations
revealed only a deranged prothrombin time (18/12) without any
abnormalities of the thrombophilia testing, no inhibitors deficiency,
no lupus anticoagulants, no increase level of FVIII c, FV and FII polymorphisms are negatives. Prothrombin complex testing revealed an
isolated FVII deficiency at 26%. The direct sequencing of F 7 revealed
a homozygous mutation C.-56C>T never reported in the databases
and located near the transcription factor binding site HNF4. According to Mariani, two hypothesis can be formed, the first consists on the
direct effect of FVIIs mutation in the hypercoagulation with a nonresponse of F VII-TF F X complex to the inhibition by TFPI, the second is the association of F VII deficiency to other risk factors that
must be searched. On the Europpean journal of Hematology 2012
Girolami analyzed all published cases and precised that the association
of thrombosis risk factors was found only in 13 cases out of 33. In our
case, the in Silico analysis have confirmed the asymptomatic character
of our patient (absence of hemorrhage) and the implication in the
thrombotic events remains to be elucidated.
Conclusion: The existence of even isolated cases of thrombosis associated with FVII deficiency, suggests that this deficit does not protect
against the risk of thromboembolism, involvement is still to be confirmed.
TTP / thrombotic microangiopathies II

PO563-TUE
Use of a plasma derived FVIII product for primary
prophylactic therapy in a infant with congenital
thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
Steele M1, VanGunst S2 and Leaker M1
1
Pediatric Hematology; 2Hematology/Oncology/Transplant
Program, Alberta Childrens Hospital, Calgary, Canada
Background: Congenital thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
(cTTP) is rare and difficult to diagnose. Optimal therapy is not yet
available as patients need plasma infusion therapy to avoid end-organ
microthrombotic complications.
Aims: We describe a child with cTTP, first diagnosed with neonatal
alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT), who transitioned from frozen
plasma (FP) infusions to home infusion of a virally inactivated plasma
derived Factor VIII (vipdFVIII) concentrate with a high ADAMTS13
content.
Methods: A term female infant was noted to have petechiae, thrombocytopenia but no anemia. By Day 3, the platelet count was
9 9 109 L1 so the child received platelet transfusions and intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) for NAIT confirmed by maternal antibodies and parental platelet typing. At 5 months old the patient was
readmitted to hospital for anemia and thrombocytopenia. Investigations revealed hemoglobin 62 g L1, platelet count 14 9 109 L1,
reticulocyte count 18%, and LD 1145 U L1. Blood film showed
schistocytes and thrombocytopenia. ADAMTS13 activity level of
< 5% with no inhibitor and genetic analysis confirmed diagnosis of
cTTP. FP infusions were needed every 2.5 weeks to maintain normal
hematologic parameters. Despite no reactions, alternate therapies were
explored due to treatment burden. At 18 months old, the patient
began infusions every 23 days of high ADAMTS13 content vipdFVIII .
711
Results: Hematologic indices remained normal to near normal on vipdFVIII infusions. ADAMTS13 activity was 10% 48 h after pdFVIII
infusion. Trough FVIII levels were mildly elevated but lowered when
the interval changed to 2 times a week. The patient had no adverse
reactions. After 1 year the child remains on vipdFVIII home infusions
administered by parents 2 times a week with normal end-organ status
and no adverse clinical events.
Conclusion: Our success with switching a cTTP patient to home infusion with a high ADAMTS13 content pdFVIII suggests this therapy
should be explored as a primary prophylactic treatment for cTTP.
PO564-TUE
Anti-idiotypic darpins restore ADAMTS13 activity in
Baboons challenged with human monoclonal
antibodies: first step towards an animal model for
human acquired TTP
Schaller M1, Skowronska M1, Vogel M2, Stearns-Kurosawa D3,
Kurosawa S3 and Kremer Hovinga JA1
1
Department of of Clinical Research, Central Hematology
Laboratory University Clinic of Hematology; 2Institute of
Immunology, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, Bern,
Switzerland; 3Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston
University School of Medicine, Boston, USA
Background: Previously we have shown that anti-idiotypic Designed
Ankyrin Repeat molecules (DARPins) restored ADAMTS13 activity
by neutralizing plasma-derived autoantibodies in the majority of
acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (aTTP) patients in vitro (AAI abstract, Schaller et al, J Immunol, 2013, 190, 68.14).
Aims: The next step is now to develop an in vivo animal aTTP model
in which the therapeutic potential of our anti-idiotypic DARPins can
be evaluated.
Methods: Increasing concentrations (100500 nM) of an equimolar
pool of four previously generated inhibitorymonoclonal (mAbs) containing 1 of the 4 CDR3 motifs shared by two aTTP patients (Schaller
et al, Blood, 2014) were added to Papio baboon plasma (n = 2) prior
to assessing ADAMTS13 activity by the FRETS-VWF73 assay. The
neutralizing capacity of the anti-idiotyic DARPins was assessed by
pre-incubation of the mAb spiked baboon plasma with an equimolar
pool of four anti-idiotypic DARPins (1000 nM) prior to measure the
residual baboon ADAMTS13 activity by FRETS-VWF73 assay.
Results: Baboon ADAMTS13 activity was inhibited by the human
mAbs by 75% (200 nM mAb) and 97% (500 nM mAb). No inhibition
was observed with 100 nM mAbs. Pre-incubation of the human antiADAMTS13 Abs (200 nM or 400 nM) with a pool of four anti-idiotypic DARPins completely restored the observed neutralization of
baboon ADAMTS13.
Conclusion: Baboon plasma challenged with human mAbs directed
against the main ADAMTS13 epitope (spacer domain), which differs
from previously reported mouse mAb directed against the metalloprotease, showed similar severe functional ADAMTS13 deficiency that
was restored following administration of anti-idiotypic DARPins in vitro. This indicates that a baboon model is likely a clinically relevant
approach to explore anti-idiotypic therapy for human aTTP patients.
712
ABSTRACTS
PO565-TUE
The laboratory profile that predicts favorable outcome
after Eculizumab therapy in patients with clinical
features compatible with atypical hemolytic uremic
syndrome
Mian H1, Chan AK2,3, Lau KK4 and Chan HH1,3
1
Medicine; 2Pediatrics; 3TAARI, McMaster University, Hamilton,
Canada; 4Pediatrics, Hong Kong University - Shenzhen Hospital,
Shenzhen, China
Background: Eculizumba (C5Ab) is approved for the treatment of
atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS). Because patients presented with aHUS-like clinical features may not be readily differentiate
from those with TTP, the current consensus suggests at least a 5-day
trial of plasmapheresis (PLEX) before C5Ab treatment. Yet, once
C5Ab is started, it lasts for a minimum of 4 weeks and further PLEX
is relatively contraindicated. When patients do not respond well to
C5Ab, it should prompt the clinicians to look for other differential
diagnosis (DDx) so that the appropriate treatment will not be delayed.
Aims: To define the profile of laboratory parameters in patients with
aHUS responding to C5Ab.
Methods: The literature was searched using OVID Medline and Embase databases for English-written, human studies published between
Jan 1980 to Apr 2014 with keywords eculizumab and atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Apart from duplicated, irrelevant and review
articles, the other excluded articles were those contained no information on laboratory parameters within the first 4 weeks of C5Ab treatment and those utilized nonstandard C5Ab dosage regimen. The data
of 45 patients were found from 27 publications. Their demography,
PLEX scheme and C5Ab dosing information were extracted along
with the laboratory data.
Results: On average, patients received 11 PLEX sessions before C5Ab
was initiated. Platelets was the earliest parameter to normalize at a
mean of 10.4 day (median 7, range 142), followed by lactate dehydrogenase at 18.8 days (median 13, range 356). In contrast, renal function recovered at a more variable rate. It took an average of 31.8 days
(median 30, range 484) for normalization of creatinine in the
responders.
Conclusion: This study illustrates that patients with aHUS-like clinical
features should be carefully reassessed after the 2nd weekly dose of
C5Ab. If the increase in platelets is suboptimal, other DDx should be
reconsidered so that appropriate treatment will not be delayed by the
use of C5Ab.
PO566-TUE
The clinical analysis of 58 thrombotic
thrombocytopenic purpura patients
Cuicui L, Tiantian S, Mankai J, Rongfeng F, Mingen L, Feng X,
Xiaofan L, Huiyuan L, Donglei Z, Xian Z, Wenjie L, Yang L,
Yating H, Lei Z and Renchi Y
Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese
Academy ofMedical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College,
Tian Jin, China
Background: Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a rare
hematologic emergency with high mortality,which is characterized by
thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, neurologic
abnormalities, fever, and renal impairment. The main treatment of
TTP is immediate plasma exchange (PE), additional therapies include
corticosteroids, cyclosporine, rituximab, and so on.
Aims: The aim of this study is to analyze the clinical data of the TTP
patients in our center from 1998 to 2014 to guide the diagnosis and
therapy of TTP in the future.
Methods: Patients conformed to the TTP diagnostic criteria are

included in this study. We summarized their epidemiologic characteristics, pathogeny, clinical manifestations, laboratory measurements,
therapeutic methods and prognosis. SPSS17.0 software was used for
statistical analysis, and COX regression equation was used for multi
parameter analysis. P < 0.05 was considered to be a significant difference between the groups.
Results: There were 16 males and 42 females. The mean age was
38.18 15.38 years. The levels of PLT, Hb, and LDH were
17.78 15.36 9 109 L1, 65.15 18.83 g L1, and 1169 668
IU L1, respectively. The percent of peripheral blood red cell fragments
ranged from 1.3 to ~31%. The effective rates of patients using glucocorticoids, PE + glucocorticoids, PE + glucocorticoids + immunosuppressive agents were 100% (1/1), 71.43% (25/35) and 100% (13/13),
respectively. Nine refractory and/or relapsed patients received rituximab
additionally, and the effective rate was 100% (9/9). The medium times
for PLT and LDH to reach the normal level were 7 days and 10 days.
According to the COX regression analysis, aggravated neurologic
abnormalities (P = 0.003) was the poor prognosis factor for TTP.
Conclusion: PE was still the first choice for TTP treatment, and rituximab
was an effective therapy for refractory and relapsed patients. Aggravated
neurologic abnormalities were the poor prognosis factor for TTP.
PO567-TUE
Rituximab therapy as prophylaxis against thrombotic
thrombocytopenic purpura: comparison of standard
and reduced dose regimens
Westwood J-P, Ellis D, Guckin SM and Scully M
Department of Haematology, University College London
Hospitals NHS Trust, London, UK
Background: Acute antibody-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic
purpura (TTP) is a thrombotic microangiopathy with high morbidity
and mortality. Rituximab is highly effective when given as prophylaxis
in patients deemed to be at high risk of acute TTP relapse, to prevent
relapse, but the ideal dosing regimen is unknown.
Aims: To compare outcomes between TTP patients given rituximab
prophylaxis at standard dose (375 mg m2) vs. reduced dose rituximab (200 mg).
Methods: Single-centre retrospective cohort study of patients in remission, at high risk of TTP relapse, in whom ADAMTS13 activity
dropped from normal to < 15%, given rituximab prophylaxis, between
2005 and 2014. Patient demographics, laboratory parameters, dose
and frequency of rituximab were recorded. Outcome measures
included re-normalisation of ADAMTS13, relapse rate, and treatment
free survival (need for further rituximab prophylaxis). Comparison
was made of disease free survival for patients given standard dose vs.
reduced dose rituximab.
Results: Rituximab was given in 40 patient episodes, to 27 patients
(21F, 6M). 36/40 (90%) patients had a documented reduction in ADAMTS13 level of < 15%, median Hb 135 g L1 (81168 g L1) and
median platelet count 260 x109 L1 (109397 9 109 L1). 18 episodes
(13 patients) received standard dose and 22 episodes reduced dose rituximab. Normalisation of ADAMTS13 within 3 months, in 85%
patients. Median treatment free survival was 30 months, with no significant difference between groups (P = 0.3077): 9/18 (50%) patients
in standard dose group required re-treatment with rituximab (treatment free survival 34 months) vs. 9/22 (41%) patients in reduced dose
group (treatment free survival 24 months). There were no acute TTP
relapses in either group.
Conclusion: Rituximab therapy is effective as prophylaxis normalising
ADAMTS13 and preventing acute TTP relapses in patients with
immune TTP. There is a shorter, but non-significant time to re-treatment in the low dose rituximab group.
ABSTRACTS
PO568-TUE
Clinical and biochemical studies of a patient with
acute thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)
treated with N-acetylcysteine (NAC)
Chen J, Ozpolat T, Norby C, Le J, Ling M, Cate S, Chung DW,
pez JA
Fu X, Konkle BA and Lo
Research, Puget Sound Blood Center, Seattle, USA
Background: We previously found that NAC decreased von Willebrand factor (VWF) multimer size and function in human plasma and
reduced microvascular thrombosis in ADAMTS13-deficient mice.
Aims: To evaluate the effect of NAC as adjunct therapy in a patient
with relapsed TTP.
Methods: A 48-year-old female with 5 prior episodes of TTP complicated by myocardial infarction and stroke presented with acute TTP
(ADAMTS 13 9%, positive inhibitor, platelet count 6000 lL1, myocardial ischemia) and was treated with NAC per IRB-approved protocol [150 mg kg1 bolus over 1 h and 9 mg kg1 h1 as continuous
infusion until the next therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE)]. She
received daily TPE for 7 days, and intravenous NAC during days 25.
Blood was collected daily for research assays.
Results: The patients symptoms resolved and platelet count and LDH
normalized by NAC day 3. Both parameters remained in the normal
range after discontinuation of NAC and TPE. The free thiol concentration (NAC and cysteine, measured by mass spectrometry) in plasma
peaked after NAC day 3, to ~5-fold the baseline concentration. This
was accompanied by increasing ADAMTS13 activity from 9% at
baseline to 94% on NAC day 3, the corresponding ADAMTS13 antigen levels being 49% and 39%, respectively. ADAMTS13 activity
decreased to 66% after discontinuation of NAC. The VWF multimer
size decreased during NAC and the VWF multimers migrated slightly
faster. NAC also appeared to inhibit platelet activation. Before NAC
infusion, the platelets were positive for phosphatidylserine (PS, 51%)
and P-selectin (25%), compared to 2% and 5%, respectively, in a normal control. The percentages of PS- and P-selectinpositive platelets
decreased to 18% and 10% respectively, during NAC treatment, but
increased to 28% and 14% after discontinuation of NAC.
Conclusion: NAC treatment of a patient with TTP in conjunction with
TPE was well tolerated and associated with increased ADAMTS13
activity, decreased VWF multimer size, reduced platelet activation,
and recovery of platelet count and LDH.
PO569-TUE
Autoantibody induced thrombotic thrombocytopenic
purpura (TTP) in a young patient with metastasizing
cancer of unknown primary (CUP) syndrome
mmle B3
Auer CV1, Rossmann H2 and La
1
Department of Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology,
University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University;
2
University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University
Mainz; 3Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University
Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz,
Germany
Background: Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) has with increasing
frequency been reported in cancer patients. The characteristics suggest
a different pathomechanism from classical TTP. Reports show subnormal, normal and very rarely severely deficient activity of ADAMTS13,
usually with no detectable inhibitor.
Aims: We report the case of a 33-year-old woman with TTP and CUP
syndrome with severely deficient ADAMTS13 activity and inhibitor.
713
Methods: The patient noticed a vulva lesion in 2009 and swollen

inguinal lymph node in 2010 without further examination. In 2011
she was treated successfully with plasmapheresis (PP) and corticosteroids (C) for her first TTP bout. In 2013 she had a second bout
after an infection. In 2014 she noticed a growing inguinal tumor
which was diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma metastasis from
a cancer of unknown primary (CUP). Shortly after surgery a third
TTP bout was diagnosed and treated with PP and C. The fourth
bout was also diagnosed in 2014 after irradiation of the pelvis,
complicated by urinary infection. A prolonged treatment with PP,
C and rituximab was necessary to sustain complete remission. In
2015 two new pelvine lymph node metastases were diagnosed and
chemotherapy recommended.
Results: In all TTP episodes our patient had ADAMTS13 activity
< 5% and measurable inhibitors with the typical parameters of microangiopathic hemolysis and thrombocytopenia.
Conclusion: Most neoplasia associated TMAs do not have severe ADAMTS13 deficiency. Our patient had an autoimmune ADAMTS13
deficiency with recurrent acquired TTP episodes. Whether the acute
disease was triggered also in the first two bouts through the not yet
detected CUP remains unknown. We hypothesize that the surgical
removal of the malignant lesion and the irradiation may have induced
the onset of the acute disease (second hit) based on a preexisting autoimmune ADAMTS13 deficiency. We conclude that TTP patients
should also be considered for cancer screening and neoplasia- associated TMA does not exclude true autoimmune TTP.
Disclosure of Interest: C. Von Auer: None declared, H. Rossmann:
None declared, B. Lammle Grant/Research Support from: Baxter
Healthcare
PO570-TUE
Severe maternal morbidity and fetal death in a
pregnant woman with recurrent acquired thrombotic
thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)
Auer CV1, Falter T2, Rossmann H3, Lebrecht A4, Marandiuc D5,
Scharrer I1 and L
ammle B6
1
Department of Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology,
University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University;
2
University Medical Center of the Johannes GutenbergUniversity;
3
University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University
Mainz; 4Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University
Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University;
5
Transfusion Center, University Medical Center of the Johannes
Gutenberg University; 6Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis,
University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University,
Mainz, Germany
Background: Pregnancy is a very strong trigger for initial and recurrent
bouts in hereditary TTP patients. The association with acquired TTP
is less clear. In pregnancy, TTP must be distinguished from severe preeclampsia and hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets
(HELLP) syndrome.
Aims: We report the case of a 39- year- old woman who presented in
09/2014 in week 18 of her second pregnancy with multiple hematomas
in her lower limbs. During her first pregnancy she had suffered a first
acquired TTP bout.
Methods: Now laboratory findings showed a second bout, she was
immediately treated with corticosteroids (C) and plasmapheresis (PP).
An ultrasound examination showed a fetus with adequate biometrics,
normal placenta and low amniotic fluid. During the following days
parameters deteriorated with renal failure, proteinuria, arterial hyper-
714
ABSTRACTS
tension and edema. Therapeutic procedures were intensified with PP

twice daily, acetylcysteine, rituximab (R) and antihypertensive medication. There was no fetal growth and a zero-flow of the umbilical artery.
An interruption was performed in week 21. Postpartum severe hypertension, edema and renal failure persisted with several episodes of pulmonary edema. Dialysis was performed since 10/2014 and eculizumab
was given 5 times once weekly.
Results: Eculizumab did not correct the severe renal failure but since
11/2014 platelets and hemolytic parameters improved and PP could be
reduced. In 02/2015 the patient was still on dialysis, PP had been
stopped for a few days.
Conclusion: Our patient suffered from a prolonged severe TTP episode
with additional signs of preeclampsia, HELLP and atypical hemolytic
uremic syndrome (aHUS), not improving under standard therapy and
after pregnancy interruption. She had a severe ADAMTS13 deficiency
with inhibitor titer during and before pregnancy but both of her TTP
episodes were triggered by pregnancy like in hereditary TTP. ADAMTS13 and alternative complement pathway mutations are still pending
and will be presented for further differentiation
Disclosure of Interest: C. Von Auer: None declared, T. Falter: None
declared, H. Rossmann: None declared, A. Lebrecht: None declared,
D. Marandiuc: None declared, I. Scharrer: None declared, B. Lammle
Grant/Research Support from: Baxter Healthcare.
PO571-TUE
Obesity as a risk factor for the development of
thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura in ADAMTS13
deficient mice
Geys L1, Roose E2, Scroyen I1, Tersteeg C2, Rottensteiner H3, De
Meyer SF2, Lijnen HR1 and Vanhoorelbeke K2
1
Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven;
2
Laboratory for Thrombosis Research, KU Leuven KULAK,
Kortrijk, Belgium; 3Baxter Innovations GmbH, Vienna, Austria
Background: Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is characterized by severe thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia and disseminated microvascular thrombosis leading to organ failure and death.
Several factors like pregnancy, infections and surgery have been identified as risk factors for TTP. Recent studies have suggested that other
factors like obesity might also induce TTP.
Aims: To investigate whether obesity is a risk factor for TTP using an
Adamts13/ mouse model.
Methods: Adamts13/ mice were kept on a standard fat diet (SFD) or
a high fat diet (HFD) for 20 weeks. Recombinant human von Willebrand factor (rhVWF) was injected to trigger TTP. Blood samples
were taken after 24 h to determine blood platelet counts, hemoglobin
levels, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels and endogenous VWF levels.
Results: As expected, after 20 weeks, Adamts13/ mice on HFD
gained more weight than Adamts13/ mice on SFD (P < 0.0001;
n = 18). Interestingly however, obese mice had a lower platelet count
(894 35 x 103 platelets lL1, mean SEM) than lean mice
(1010 35 x 103 platelets lL1; P < 0.05; n = 38) suggesting that
obese mice might be more susceptible to TTP development than lean
mice. Indeed, lean mice triggered with a threshold concentration of
250 U kg1 rhVWF did not develop TTP, while typical TTP symptoms developed in obese mice. Obese mice had severe thrombocytopenia (179 40 9 103 platelets lL1) and higher LDH levels
(703 62 mU mL1) compared to their lean counterparts (498 49
x 103 platelets lL1; 161 62 mU mL1 LDH; P < 0.0005; n = 18).
No difference in hemoglobin levels were observed between the lean
and obese mice after the administration of rhVWF. More endogenous
VWF was released in the obese mice (319 33%) compared to the
lean mice (192 20%) during the TTP episode (P = 0.0056; n = 18).
Conclusion: After HFD, Adamts13/ mice are more susceptible to

TTP than mice on a SFD, indicating that obesity is a risk factor for
the development of TTP in mice.Disclosure of Interest: None declared.
PO572-TUE
A multicenter, randomized study of cyclosporine or
corticosteroids as an adjunct to plasma exchange in
initial therapy of thrombotic thrombocytopenic
purpura
Cataland SR1, Yang S2, Geyer S3 and Wu H2
1
Medicine; 2Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus;
3
Pediatrics, University of South Florida, Tampa, USA
Background: A prospective, randomized study (NCT00713193) was
undertaken to compare the efficacy and safety of cyclosporine (CSA)
and prednisone (P) as adjuncts to plasma exchange therapy (PEX) in
the treatment of acquired TTP.
Aims: The primary objective was to determine if CSA or P given as an
adjunct to PEX has a lower exacerbation rate. Secondary endpoints
included the effect of CSA and P on the ADAMTS13 (AD13) activity
and the relationship to outcome.
Methods: Patients were randomized 1:1 to CSA (23 mg kg1 day1
orally) or P (1 mg kg1 day1 orally) with daily PEX until response
was achieved (nml platelet, LDH). After stopping PEX CSA was continued for 6 months; P was continued for the first 4 weeks, then
tapered over 4 weeks. Exacerbation was defined as recurrent thrombocytopenia requiring PEX < 30 days after the last PEX, with relapse
defined as recurrence > 30 days after the last PEX. AD13 biomarkers
were obtained pretreatment, weekly for 4 weeks after the last PEX,
monthly for 5 months, and then every 3 months.
Results: Since November 2007, 26 patients were randomized to CSA
(n = 12) or P (n = 14) and followed for a median 36 m (range 181).
The study was halted for a planned interim analysis. Response rates
were comparable in both arms (CSA: 11/12 [92%]; P:11/14 [79%];
P = 0.2]. The exacerbation rate on the CSA arm was 3/11 (27%) v. 1/
11 (9%) on the P arm (P = 0.3). Pretreatment AD13 activity was equal
on both arms (CSA:2.8%, (range 0.57.4%); P:1.7%, (range 0.5
12.4%); P = 0.4). After PEX the median AD13 activity was higher on
P v. CSA each week during the first 4 wks, but was significantly higher
only on week 3 (Wk 1:18.4% v. 5.5%, P = 0.2; Wk 2: 26.0% v. 10.5%,
P = 0.5; Wk 3: 53.6% v. 2.9%, P = 0.004; and Wk 4: 71.9% v. 3.9%,
P = 0.105).
Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the exacerbation rate
between the CSA and P arms. However, improvement in the AD13
activity was significantly better in the P arm. The AD13 data and trend
toward more exacerbations in the CSA arm suggest that P is superior
to CSA as an adjunct to PEX therapy.
PO573-TUE
Comparing performances of complement activation
biomarkers between responders and non-responders to
eculizumab therapy
Cataland SR1, Yang S2, Wu H2 and Wu HM2
1
Internal Medicine; 2Pathology, Ohio State University,
Columbus, USA
Background: This is a pilot report from an ongoing study to define the
role of complement biomarkers in managing patients receiving eculizumab therapy.
ABSTRACTS
Aims: Defining the clinical utility of complement biomarkers in eculizumab therapy.
Methods: In the OSU-TMA (thrombotic microangiopathy) program,
26 patients received eculizumab therapy for a working diagnosis of
aHUS. In this cohort, 24 patients had pre-treatment (Pre-T) samples
while 19 had both pre- and serial post-treatment (post-T) samples for
study. In this report, 146 serial samples were evaluated for C4d, C3a,
C5a, C5b-9, and factor Bb and correlated with treatment outcome.
Results: Patients were followed for a mean of 23 mo (4 to 50) post eculizumab therapy. Based on bothhematological and renal responses, 23
patients were grouped as responders (R) with either improved or stable
kidney function without a later event of TMA. Three patients who
showed either worsening renal function or persistent TMA while on
eculizumab were classified as nonresponders (NR). In the pre-T samples, R group (n = 21) showed a more pronounced elevation in median
values (ng mL1) of C3a (947 vs. 209), C5a (94 vs. 39), Bb (2632 vs.
1436), and C5b-9 (769 vs. 358) than NR group (n = 3). When evaluating the complement markers through the course of treatment, the
post-T samples in R group (n = 16) exhibited a significantly lower
C5b-9 level (310 vs. 872, P < 0.01) than the pre-T samples. In contrast,
the level of C5b-9 in post-T samples in NR was only marginally
reduced (263 vs. 358, P = 0.36). Median C5a levels were increased in
both R and NR groups after treatment with eculizumab.
Conclusion: Patients who respond to eculizumab exhibit a more severe
complement activation prior to the treatment. A significant drop of
C5b-9 level after eculizumab therapy is associated with clinical efficacy. A future study using a larger cohort is needed in order to fully
clarify the utility of complement biomarkers in the selection of patients
receiving eculizumab and in monitoring the patients for clinical
responses.
PO574-TUE
Evaluation of long term neurological sequelae after a
first episode of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
Ferrari B1, Maino A1, Artoni A1, Riva S2, Scirpa L1, Santalucia P3,
Pravettoni G2, Costa A3 and Peyvandi F1,4
1
Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Centre,
2
Department of Health Sciences, Universit
a degli Studi di Milano;
3
4
Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Universit
a
degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
Background: Neurological involvement related to microthrombosis is
the hallmark of acute thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP);
however, persisting neurological symptoms are often present in remission phase.
Aims: To assess the presence of neurological impairment in patients
surviving the first episode of TTP and the overall impact on quality of
life.
Methods: We performed a cohort study of consecutive patients
referred to our Centre between 2007 and 2012 for a first episode of
acute TTP. Patients who survived the acute event underwent a neuropsychological evaluation of memory and attentional functions with
the standardized Neuropsychological Battery (ENB Profile) at least
6 months after the event. We evaluated short memory (word-list and
prose memory), deferred and immediate memory, vigilance, divided
and sustained attention. Health-related Quality of Life (HRQL) was
also assessed by the European Quality of Life Five Dimension EQ-5D
questionnaire. To investigate any changes over time, the same tests
were repeated after at least 6 months. Scores obtained by the specific
questionnaires were compared with published normative data, standardized by age and education level.
715
Results: Thirteen patients (8 females; median age 48 years, range 27

77) underwent the first evaluation after a median time of 21 months
(range 578) from acute TTP. Of those, 11/13 (85%) had an abnormal
neuropsychological evaluation. The domain of deferred memory was
the most affected, with 8/13 (62%) patients reporting a pathological
test. Attention appeared to be less affected, with divided attention
being impaired in 4/13 (31%) patients. At the second evaluation, these
results did not change. 11/13 (85%) patients reported moderate levels
of anxiety/depression symptoms at the EQ-5D test at both evaluations.
Conclusion: In this pilot study, a large proportion of TTP patients
demonstrated compromised memory functions and persisting anxiety/
depression symptoms a few years after a single TTP episode.
Disclosure of Interest: B. Ferrari: None declared, A. Maino: None
declared, A. Artoni: None declared, S. Riva: None declared, L. Scirpa:
None declared, P. Santalucia: None declared, G. Pravettoni: None
declared, A. Costa: None declared, F. Peyvandi Grant/Research Support from: Ablynx, Biotest, Kedrion Biopharma and Novo Nordisk,
Consultant for: Ablynx, Alnylam, Biokit, Biotest, Grifols, Kedrion
Biopharma, LFB and Octapharma, Speaker Bureau of: Baxter, Bayer,
CSL Behring, Grifols, LFB and Novo Nordisk.
Venous Thromboembolism
Diagnosis II
PO576-TUE
Incorporation of right ventricular dysfunction into the
simplified pulmonary embolism severity index as a
predictor of complicated clinical course in low-risk
patients presenting with acute symptomatic pulmonary
embolism
Jimenez D1, Lobo JL2, Portillo AK1, Fernandez-Golfin C1,
Otero R3, Yusen RD4 and on behalf of The PROTECT
Investigators
1
Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Irycis, Madrid; 2Hospital Universitario
Araba, Vitoria; 3Hospital Virgen del Rocio, Sevilla, Spain;
4
Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA
Background: In patients with acute symptomatic pulmonary embolism
(PE), the simplified Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (sPESI) identifies those at low risk for short-term PE-related complications.
Aims: We aimed to assess the benefit of adding transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) assessment of right ventricular (RV) dysfunction to
the sPESI as another predictor of poor outcome.
Methods: We prospectively examined the cohort of patients with PE
that enrolled in the multicenter PROTECT study. Using the baseline
data collected at the time of PE diagnosis, the central coordinating
center prospectively determined the simplified Pulmonary Embolism
Severity Index (sPESI). Patients underwent transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) within 24 h after diagnosis of PE. This study used a complicated course (i.e., death from any cause, hemodynamic collapse, or
adjudicated recurrent PE) as the primary endpoint, and follow-up
occurred through 30 days after the PE diagnosis.
Results: of 848 patients, none had hypotension. Of the 37% (313/848)
that had a low-risk sPESI score (3440%), 5 (1.6%; 95% confidence
interval [CI], 0.53.7%) experienced a complicated course that
included 1 (0.3%, 95% CI, 01.8%) death. In this low-risk sPESI subgroup, 87% (273/313) did not show and 13% (40/313) did show RV
dysfunction on TTE. Three (1.1%; 95% CI, 0.23.2%) of the 273 sPESI low-risk patients without RV dysfunction had a complicated
course, and none died. The sPESI model had a sensitivity of 95%
(95% CI, 8699%) and a negative predictive value of 99% (95% CI,
97100%).
716
ABSTRACTS
Conclusion: In normotensive patients that had acute symptomatic PE,

the sPESI accurately identified those at low-risk for a complicated
course. Incorporation of RV dysfunction assessed by TTE into the
sPESI did not significantly improve prognostication.
PO577-TUE
Radiation and breast cancer risk in women diagnosed
with pulmonary embolism: CT pulmonary angiography
vs. ventilation-perfusion scanning
Tagalakis V1, Tulchinsky M2, Lazo-Langner A3, Suissa S4 and
Gal GL5
1
Department of Medicine, McGill University and Centre for
Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research,
Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada; 2Department of
Radiology, Penn State University Hospital, Hershey,
Pennsylvania, USA; 3Departmentsof Medicine, and Epidemiology
and Biostatistics, Western University, London; 4Department of
Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McGill University and Centre for
Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research,
Jewish General Hospital, Montreal; 5Department of Medicine,
Ottawa Hospital Research Institute at the University of Ottawa,
Ottawa, Canada
Background: Computer tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA)
is a commonly used diagnostic test for pulmonary embolism (PE).
However, there are concerns about greater radiation exposure and
breast cancer (BrCa) risk in women undergoing CTPA vs. ventilation
perfusion scanning (VPS).
Aims: We sought to determine the incidence of BrCa in women diagnosed with incident PE by CTPA vs. VPS.
Methods: Using the administrative healthcare databases of the Canadian province of Quebec, we identified women with incident diagnosis
of PE between 2000 and 2009 and without a history of BrCa. We
excluded all women with 6 months or less of follow up following PE.
We determined if CTPA or VPS scanning was used to diagnose PE.
The main outcome was a new diagnosis of BrCa. Data is reported as
mean (95% confidence intervals).
Results: In all, 12,515 women with incident PE fulfilled inclusion criteria. Overall, 2661 women had a CTPA, 4747 had a VPS, and 5107 had
non-specified testing (NST). In all, 55 (2.07%) women with CTPA,
124 (2.60%) women with VPS, and 109 (2.13%) with NST were diagnosed with BrCa during a mean follow up of 3.68, 4.73, and
4.19 years, respectively. The incidence of BrCa among women aged
< 45 years (n = 2627) tested by CTPA, VPS and NST was 3.04 (1.52
6.09), 1.37 (0.692.74), and 1.84 (0.923.67) per 1000 person-years,
respectively. Among women 45 years of age and older (n = 9888),
BrCa incidence following CTPA, VPS and NST was 6.57 (4.948.74),
6.99 (5.828.38), 5.92 (4.877.19) per 1000 person-years, respectively.
Conclusion: Our preliminary data suggest a higher incidence of BrCa
with the use of CTPA (significantly higher radiation exposure to the
breast) for diagnosing PE compared to VPS among women < 45 years
of age. Further studies with larger sample size, longer follow-up and
estimation of radiation dose received are needed.
PO578-TUE
Risk-assessment model of recurrence within 3 months
after a first episode of acute venous
thromboembolism: Worcester venous
thromboembolism study
Huang W1, Goldberg R1, Anderson F1 and Spencer F2
1
University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, USA;
2
Background: Despite the proven benefits of anticoagulation, a systematic review indicated that the case-fatality rate of recurrent venous
thromboembolism (VTE) is > 10% in the initial 3 months of acute
treatment. Therefore, understanding who is at risk for developing
VTE recurrence during the acute treatment phase may help clinicians
determine the optimal frequency of clinical surveillance and appropriate outpatient treatment.
Aims: To develop a risk-score calculator to predict VTE recurrence
during the initial 3-month acute treatment period.
Methods: Population-based surveillance study among residents of central Massachusetts (MA), USA, diagnosed with an acute first-time PE
and/or lower-extremity DVT from 1999 to 2009 in hospital and ambulatory settings in all 12 central MA hospitals. Medical records were
reviewed by trained abstractors and validated by clinicians.
Results: Among 2989 study patients, 141 developed recurrent VTE
within 3 months of the index event. A risk-assessment model was
developed using multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression (see
Table). The predicted risks are 1.7%, 3.8%, 7.3%, and 15% for risk
scores of 0, 112, 1336, and 37+, respectively. A calculator based on
patients without cancer will also be presented.
Predictor
Hypercoagulable state
Inferior vena cava filter filter implanted
Varicose vein stripping
Major trauma
Taking anticoagulant at admission
Active cancer (with/without chemo)
Diagnosed with DVT alone at index visit
Possible maximum total risk score
Hazard ratio
(95% CI)
2.9 (1.33.2)
2.3 (1.63.4)
2.3 (1.24.2)
2.0 (1.23.2)
1.9 (1.13.5)
1.7 (1.12.5)
1.4 (1.02.0)
Points
20
16
16
14
13
11
10
100
Conclusion: Independent predictors were identified that may be useful

for estimating risk of VTE recurrence for individual patients. The risk
calculator can assist clinicians at the index encounter to determine the
optimal frequency of clinical surveillance and appropriate outpatient
treatment during the initial 3-month acute treatment phase.
PO579-TUE
Performance of pulmonary embolism rule-out criteria
(PERC) combined with low gestalt clinical probability
in European chest pain population
Friou E1, Richard-Jourjon V1, Moumneh T1, Mazet B1,
Choukroun J2, Schotte T1, Penaloza A3 and Roy P-M1
1
Emergency department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire,
Angers; 2Emergency department, Centre Hospitalier, Le Mans,
France; 3Emergency department, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc,
Bruxelles, Belgium
Background: The PERC rule is designed to rule out pulmonary embolism (PE) without further testing. In European population with high
PE prevalence, its safety is currently not confirmed using alone or
ABSTRACTS
combined with revised Geneva score. A recent study suggested good
performances of the PERC rule when combined with a low gestalt clinical probability (CP).
Aims: To prospectively assess the performances of the combination of
the PERC rule and low gestalt clinical probability in non-trauma chest
pain population.
Methods: Prospective, observational study in two emergency departments. For each patient, clinicians were asked to assess gestalt CP for
PE before any investigation: low, moderate or high. Among low CP
patients, CP was considered as very low when clinician did not perform any test for PE diagnosis. PERC criteria were collected prospectively and PERC rule was calculated retrospectively. Main outcome
was upper limit of 95% confidence interval (CI) for venous thromboembolism events (VTE) rate within 45 days.
Results: Among 628 enrolled patients, 11 had VTE (PE prevalence:
1.8%): 0/400 patients with a very low CP (0%), 4/197 patients with
low CP (2%), 5/25 patients with moderate CP (20%) and 2/6 with high
CP (33%). PERC rule was negative for 122 patients with very-low CP
(30%): VTE false negative rate 0% [CI: 03.1] and, for 79 patients
with low CP (40%): false negative rate 0% [CI: 04.6]. Ten computed
tomographic pulmonary angiography and 75 D-dimer tests were performed in patients with a negative PERC rule and low CP.
Conclusion: In our population of chest pain patients, PERC rule combined with low gestalt clinical probability seems to safely exclude PE.
The use of the PERC rule may decrease the number of further exams
in this group of low CP patients, however PERC use instead of gestalt
assessment would lead to overtest 70% of patients with very low CP.
These results should be confirmed in a larger prospective study.
PO580-TUE
An electronic tool and record for deep vein thrombosis
(DVT) assessment, diagnosis, treatment and follow up
Strong J1, Frimpong V2, Eggleston J2, Thornton D2, Briggs H2,
Stewart T2, Clarke-Drury R2, Coultas K2, Stewart A3, Kitching G3
and Stewart S3
1
Haematology; 2Acute Ambulatory DVT service, University
Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester; 34S DAWN clinical software,
Milnthorpe, UK
Background: University Hospitals of Leicester acute ambulatory DVT
service assesses 3000 patients a year and treats 600 new DVTs. Service
improvements were required to optimise administrative processes. Our
paper-based system was inappropriately diverting our DVT nursing
team from delivering a very busy clinical service and making audit difficult.
Aims: We wanted to create an electronic DVT record within the same
system as the computer aided anticoagulant dosing software. The
vision of a paperless DVT module (assessment, diagnosis, treatment
and follow up) with seamless referrals and communication with anticoagulation and primary care was born.
Methods: The whole DVT pathway has been sequentially computerised and tested within the clinical environment.
Results: The module first went live in August 2013. Between August
2013 and December 2014 we have assessed 4248 patients using the
module; 675 (16%) were assessed as DVT unlikely with Wells score
and d dimers and did not proceed to scan, 3426 had scans of which
754 DVTs (22%) and 147 cases of thrombophlebitis were diagnosed.
Rivaroxaban became first line treatment for first DVTs in our service
in October 2014 a rivaroxaban treatment module captures the assessment, treatment and follow up of these patients 100 to date. All primary care physician letters are generated within the system and sent
electronically when possible.
Conclusion: Implementation of the DVT electronic tool and record has
standardised and recorded each part of the patient pathway facilitating
717
audit, lean accountable practice and continuous improvement in workflow efficiency, quality and safety. The module also serves as a clinical
database for benchmarking and research.
Disclosure of Interest: J. Strong: None declared, V. Frimpong: None
declared, J. Eggleston: None declared, D. Thornton: None declared,
H. Briggs: None declared, T. Stewart: None declared, R. Clarke-Drury: None declared, K. Coultas: None declared, A. Stewart Employee
of: 4S DAWN clinical software, G. Kitching Employee of: 4S DAWN
clinical software, S. Stewart Shareholder of: 4S DAWN clinical software.
PO581-TUE
Validation of the use of age adjusted d dimer cut off
values to reduce the compression venous ultrasound
rates in an acute ambulatory DVT service
Strong J1, Eggleston J2, Frimpong V2, Thornton D2, Briggs H2,
Stewart T2, Clarke-Drury R2 and Coultas K2
1
Haematology; 2Acute ambulatory DVT service, University
Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester, UK
Background: As part of lean healthcare practice we wanted investigate
ways of reducing unnecessary scans in our DVT service. The use of age
adjusted D-dimer (AADd) cut off values (age 9 10 lg L1) has been
reported to reduce the number of compression venous ultrasounds
required in patients aged over 50 with a non-high clinical probability
by improving Dd specificity without a significant effect on sensitivity.
Aims: To validate the utility of AADd in patients with a non-high clinical probability of DVT.
Methods: Consecutive patients with DVT unlikely scores using Wells 2
point testing had a quantitative near patient Dd. AADd cut off values
were determined for all patients over 50. All patients with a Dd above
the conventional Dd cut off of 500 lg L1 proceeded to compression
venous ultrasound.
Results: Over a 9 month period (January September 2014) 714 consecutive patients with DVT unlikely Wells scores were identified.510
(71%) were over 50 years old. 207/510 (41%) had a Dd > 500 lg L1
and proceeded to compression venous ultrasound imaging which was
positive for DVT in 26 (13%). 83 of the 207 patients (40%) had a normal AADd and of these 82 had a negative compression venous ultrasounds, 1 had a small calf thrombosis. AADd cut off values increased
the Dd specificity from 62% to 79%.
Conclusion: The use of AADd cut offs increases the utility of Ddimer
testing for the exclusion of DVT. It would safely reduce scans by 40%
in patients aged over 50 with a non-high clinical probability of DVT.
It would also increase the scan positivity rate in this group to 20%.
Using age adjusted Dd cut off values would result in imaging examinations being correctly avoided in 77% of all patients with a low Wells
score. This represents a significant saving in scan resource and reduction in patient waiting times.
718
ABSTRACTS
PO582-TUE
The use of an age-adjusted cut-off for D-dimer in
screening patients for suspected DVT in the
community can safely decrease the need for
compression ultrasonography
Hughes AS1, Hall B1, Jennings K1, Webb V1, Page G1 and
Smith C1Charova F2
1
Foundation Trust, Brentwood; 2Radiology, Mid Essex Hospitals
Trust, Chelmsford, UK
Background: D-dimer (DD) testing is used to rule out deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in patients with a non-high clinical probability score. DD
concentrations rise with age and thus a higher proportion of older
patients with suspected DVT may have DD concentrations >conventional cut-off. Thus a greater number of these patients may have
unnecessary compression ultrasonography scans (CUS), as many will
be normal. Previous studies have suggested that the use of an ageadjusted DD (AADD) in individuals of > 50 years can improve specificity without significant loss of sensitivity.
Aims: To determine whether the use of AADD in a primary care setting could safely decrease the number of CUSs required.
Methods: We carried out a 2-year retrospective analysis of patients
> 50 years of age presenting with suspected DVT to a single community-based clinic. All patients were assessed using a Wells score and a
quantitative Point of Care DD (cardiac DD). CUS was carried out as
per standard diagnostic pathways. All patients discharged with DVT
excluded had a 3-month follow (3 m-FU) up to determine whether
they had developed a DVT during this time.
Results: Seven hundred and ninety-six patients were seen with 669
(84%) being > 50 years. 160/669 (20%) had a non-high Wells score
but a DD above the conventional cut-off of 500 lg L1. 120 had CUS
and 40 in whom DVT was clinically felt to be unlikely did not. There
were 9 DVTs and 111 negative CUS. 3 m-FU in the CUS negative
patients and those with no CUS showed 1 DVT in a patient with a
negative CUS (0.7% failure rate). Of the 160 patients, 69 (43%) had
an AADD below the cut off (age in years 910 lg L1). 33 had a negative CUS and 36 were not scanned as above. 66/69 had a 3-month follow up and none had developed a DVT.
Conclusion: Using an AADD cut off with a non-high Wells score can
safely exclude a DVT in patients > 50 years and decrease the need for
CUS by approximately 40%, an advantage in a population with a high
percentage of older individuals with suspected DVT.
PO583-TUE
Diagnostic prediction model vs. gestalt in the
diagnosis of pulmonary embolism in primary care
Hendriksen J1, Geersing G-J1, Lucassen W2, Erkens P3, Oudega R1
and Moons K1
1
Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht; 2Department of General
Practice, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam; 3Department of
Family Medicine, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The
Netherlands
Background: Diagnostic prediction models, such as the Wells rule, can
be used to rule-out pulmonary embolism (PE). However, there is conflicting evidence on the diagnostic value of a physicians own unstructured probability estimate (gestalt) as an alternative for these
structured diagnostic models. Notably in primary care, the diagnostic
value of gestalt for PE is unclear.
Aims: To compare the clinical performance of the Wells rule and

gestalt, both scored by general practitioners, to rule-out PE.
Methods: We used the prospectively collected AMUSE-2 cohort suspected of acute PE (n = 598, prevalence 12%) by 300 general practitioners (GPs). GPs estimated the probability of PE presence in each
suspected patient, on a scale from 0 to 100%, prior to calculating the
Wells rule and point-of-care D-dimer testing (Clearview Simplify). PE
was diagnosed by a composite reference standard of imaging techniques and follow-up. The low probability category for both diagnostic strategies was defined as Wells rule 4 and negative D-dimer and
GP-probability estimate < 20% and negative D-dimer. Diagnostic
accuracy (c-statistic), reclassification, efficiency (proportion low PE
probability) and failure rate (proportion PE within low probability
category) of the Wells rule and gestalt were compared.
Results: The median GP-estimated probability of PE patients was 0.70
(IQR 0.40), compared to 0.30 (IQR 0.32) in those without PE. The cstatistic was 0.80 (95%CI 0.750.86) for the Wells rule and 0.77 (95%
CI 0.700.83) for gestalt. Whereas failure rates were comparable
(Wells 1.5%, gestalt 1.3%), efficiency of the Wells rule was higher
(45% vs. 25%). Three out of four false-negative patients when using
Wells, were identified as high probability by gestalt.
Conclusion: The diagnostic prediction model and gestalt both can
safely rule-out PE in primary care. However, GPs tend to overestimate
PE probability: the referral rate of gestalt is high. Therefore, the diagnostic prediction model is considered to be more efficient in primary
care.
PO584-TUE
Clinical prediction rules plus D-dimer testing do not
enable a safe exclusion of deep vein thrombosis or
pulmonary embolism in elderly patients residing in
nursing homes of homes for the elderly
Geersing G-J1, Schouten H2 and Oudega R1van Delden H1,
Moons K1 and Koek D2
1
Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care;
2
Department of Geriatrics, University Medical Center Utrecht,
Utrecht, The Netherlands
Background: Clinical prediction rules for suspected venous thrombosis
i.e. deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE) have
never been validated in fragile multi-morbid elderly patients residing
in nursing homes or homes for the elderly. Yet when proven safe
their frailty and multi-morbidity makes preventing unneeded patient
transfers to a secondary care facility highly desirable.
Aims: To determine if two clinical prediction rules (Oudega-rule for
suspected DVT; Wells-rule for suspected PE) enable a safe and efficient exclusion of venous thrombosis in suspected elderly patients
(aged 60 years or older) residing in nursing homes or homes for the
elderly.
Methods: This was a prospective cohort study in Dutch nursing homes
or homes of the elderly. Attending physicians scored the (respective)
clinical prediction rule in each suspected patient. Low-risk patients
defined by a low score (Oudega <=3, Wells <=4) plus a negative qualitative point-of-care D-dimer were not referred. In all others referral
was recommended. The presence of venous thrombosis was adjudicated by a composite reference based on available imaging tests plus 3months follow-up. Main outcome was the proportion of venous
thrombosis in the low-risk patients (failure rate), as well as the proportion of patients in whom referral could be withheld (efficiency).
Results: In total 642 patients were included (348 suspected DVT, 294
suspected PE). Venous thrombosis was confirmed in 247 (38%)
patients (164 DVT, 83 PE). In patients suspected of DVT, 69 were
identified as low-risk (efficiency 20%) and DVT was confirmed in 4
ABSTRACTS
patients during follow-up (failure rate 5.8%, 95% CI 2.314). Conversely, for PE this was 85 low-risk patients (efficiency 29%), and confirmed PE in 5 (failure rate: 2.9%, 95% CI 0.810).
Conclusion: A clinical prediction rule plus D-dimer testing does not
seem to be a safe tool to rule-out venous thrombosis in elderly patients
residing in nursing homes or homes for the elderly.
PO585-TUE
Combined assessment of thrombotic and
haemorrhagic risk in acute medical patients
Regina ML1, Orlandini F1, Marchini F1, Marinaro A1, Bonacci R1,
Bonanni P1, Corsini F1 and Dentali F2
1
La Spezia Hospital, La Spezia; 2Clinical Medicine, Insubria
University, Varese, Italy
Background: Acute medical patients have a high risk of venous thromboembolic events (VTE). Unfortunately, the fear of bleeding complications limits the use of antithrombotic prophylaxis in this setting. To
stratify the VTE and haemorrhagic risk, two clinical scores (PADUA,
IMPROVE) have been recently developed. However, it is not clear
how many patients have a concomitant high VTE and haemorrhagic
risk and what is the use of prophylaxis in this situation.
Aims: To assess the VTE and majorr bleeding risk in medical patients;
to evaluate the use of antithrombotic prophylasis in different classes of
risk.
Methods: Patients admitted to internal medicine (January-December
2013) were prospectively included. VTE and haemorrhagic risk were
evaluated in all the included patients. Use and type of anti-thrombotic
prophylaxis was recorded.
Results: One thousand and seven hundred and sixty-one patients
(mean age 77.6 years) were enrolled; 76.7% were at high VTE risk and
11.8% were at high haemorrhagic risk. Anti-thrombotic prophylaxis
was used in 80.5% of patients at high VTE risk and in 6.5% at low
VTE risk (P < 0.001), and in 16.6% at high haemorrhagic risk and in
72.5% at low haemorrhagic risk (P < 0.001). Prophylaxis was used in
20.4% at both high VTE and haemorrhagic risk and in 88.9% at high
VTE risk but low haemorrhagic risk. At multivariate-analysis, use of
prophylaxis appeared highly influenced by the VTE risk (OR 68.2,
95% CI 43.1, 108.0).
Conclusion: Many patients admitted to internal medicine were at high
risk of VTE. Since almost 90% of them were at low hemorrhagic risk,
pharmacological prophylaxis may be safely prescribed in most of these
patients.
Disclosure of Interest: M. La Regina: None declared, F. Orlandini:
None declared, F. Marchini: None declared, A. Marinaro: None
declared, R. Bonacci: None declared, P. Bonanni: None declared, F.
Corsini: None declared, F. Dentali Grant/Research Support from: bayer, BMS/Pfizer, Boehringer, Consultant for: bayer.
PO586-TUE
Prediction of sepsis development in puerperas with
systemic inflammatory response syndrome
Sinkov S1 and Zabolotskikh I1Penjoyan G2, Muzychenko V1 and
Prokhorova I1
1
Department of Anaesthesiology, Critical Care Medicine and
Transfusiology; 2Department of Obstetric and Gynecology,
Kuban State Medical University, Krasnodar, Russia
Background: The problem of predicting the development of sepsis is
actively discussed in the modern literature.
719
Aims: To reveal of hemostatic prediction marker of risk of progression

of sepsis in systemic inflammatory reaction in parturients.
Methods: We analyzed the postoperative period in 55 puerperas (age
19 to 43 years) with systemic inflammatory reaction syndrome (SIRS),
treated in intensive care units of Krai Clinical Hospital #2 (Krasnodar,
Russian Federation) in 20102014 years. Complex assessment of haemostasis include biochemical coagulation tests and thromboelastography. Statistical analysis include determination of relationship of
registered indicators and progression of sepsis using Spearmans rank
correlation and multivariate regression analysis.
Results: Depend of multivariate regression analysis, the most prognostically significant factor of risk of progression of sepsis in SIRS was
thromboelastography MA parameter (the regression coefficient b = 0.652, P = 0.033) and prothrombin time (the regression coefficient
- b = 0.275, P = 0.033). In this study, the higher correlation ration and
regression ratio revealed for thromboelastography MA parameter.
This is logical because this parameter is integral for displaying of entire
function of haemostas system. The formation of loose clot (MA < 44
), as summary consequence of both deficiency of coagulation factors, thrombocytopenia and compensatory hyperfibrinolysis, most
clearly correlated with progression of sepsis in SIRS.
Conclusion: Thereby, thromboelastography is operative and convenient technique in prediction of progression of SIRS in sepsis, that
may contribute to the early preemptive and goal-directed therapy of
inflammatory complications. As well, the prothrombin time is prognostically valuable, which may reflect aggravation of deficiency of
coagulation factors in progression of sepsis.
PO587-TUE
Prospective validation of the simplified revised Geneva
score
Le Gal G1,2, Mostaguir K3, Hovens MM4, Kare M5, Perrier A6,
Verschuren F7, Girard P8, Huisman MV9, Robert-Ebadi H10,
Moustafa F11, Kamphuisen PW12, Buller HR13 and Righini M10
1
EA3878, CIC1412, Universit
e de Brest, Brest, France; 2Medicine,
University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; 3Clinical Research
Center, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; 4Internal
Medicine, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands;
5
Emergency department, Centre Hospitalier, Agen, France;
6
General Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Geneva,
Switzerland; 7Emergency Department, Cliniques Universitaires
Saint Luc, Bruxelles, Belgium; 8Thoracique, LInstitut Mutualiste
Montsouris, Paris, France; 9Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Leiden
University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; 10Angiology
and Hemostasis, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva,
Switzerland; 11Emergency Department, Centre Hospitalier
Universitaire, Clermont-Ferrand, France; 12Vascular Medicine,
University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen; 13Vascular
Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The
Netherlands
Background: Pretest probability assessment by clinical decision rule
(CDR) is an important step in the diagnostic management of patients
with suspected pulmonary embolism (PE). However, a limitation to
the use of CDR is that their constitutive variables and corresponding
number of points are difficult to memorize. A simplifiedversion of the
revised Geneva score (i.e. attributing one point to each variable) has
been proposed but never prospectively validated.
Aims: Prospective validation of the simplified revised Geneva score
(sRGS)
Methods: We conducted a prospective management outcome study,
the ADJUST-PE study, which primary aim was to validate an age-
720
ABSTRACTS
adjusted D-dimer cut-off in patients with suspected PE. The sRGS

was prospectively used to determine the pretest probability in a subsample of 1621 study patients.
Results: Overall, PE was confirmed in 294 (18.1%) patients. Using the
sRGS, 608 (37.5%), 980 (60.5%), and 33 (2%) were classified as having a low, intermediate and high clinical probability, respectively. The
corresponding prevalence of PE were 9.7%, 22.4% and 45.5%. There
was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of patients
classified in each category, nor in the prevalence of PE as compared
with the RGS. Using the sRGS, 490 (30.3%) patients had a D-dimer
test below 500 lg L1 and 653 (40.4%) patients had a negative Ddimer test according to the age-adjusted cut-off (D-dimer levels< age
per 10). Using the RGS, the figures were: 491 (30.3%) and 650
(40.2%). None of the patients having a low or intermediate clinical
probability using the RGS or sRGS and a negative D-dimer, either
according to the usual cut-off or to the age-adjusted cut-off, had a
recurrent thromboembolic event during the 3-month follow-up.
Conclusion: The sRGS and the RGS have similar diagnostic accuracy
and result in a similar yield and safety when used to exclude PE with the
D-dimer test, including when using the age-adjusted D-dimer cut-off.
PO588-TUE
Review of emergency department investigated DVT
Benson G1, Lavery R1, Speers H1 and Worthington M2
1
Haematology; 2Radiology, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust,
Belfast, UK
Background: Prior to the introduction of a new pathway for the investigation and management of acute VTE, we reviewed the patients
investigated through the main trauma unit within our trust over a period of 12 months.
Aims: To highlight areas of poor compliance with quality standards
and to focus on how these could be improved upon.
Methods: Using radiology codes, all dopplers ultrasound scans for
2013 were reviewed and those requested by the emergency department
were scrutinised in detail and compared to the agreed NICE quality
standards for VTE QS29. A total of 759 scans were reviewed, 55% of
which were made via the emergency department.
Results: of the 418 patients referred for scan from the ED, 68% were
referred directly by their primary care physician while 27% were self
referred. 49% of patients had no documented Wells score, whilst 78%
had a recorded d-dimer. Of those with a Wells score > 2, 76% had a ddimer taken. 88 patients were reported as positive scan for thrombosis.
50 patients were scanned within the 24 h target as set by NICE, of
which 30 were scanned within 4 h. 10 of those scanned within the 4 h
received LMWH outwith NICE standard which advices anticoagulation only if unable to scan within the 4 h. 76% of those positive were
referred to the outpatient VTE team, 100% of whom received compression hosiery within 3 weeks of diagnosis.
Conclusion: A review of the investigation has prompted the development of a direct access doppler service for primary care physicians to
avoid unnecessary attendances at the ED. A standard proforma with
the Wells score and when necessary the d-dimer will streamline the
number of scans undertaken. All positive scans will be reffered directly
to the VTE team for appropriate onward management.
Epidemiology II
PO589-TUE
Prevalence of venous thromboembolism and related
morbidity and mortality among hospitalized patients in
Saudi Arabia (Savte Study)
Aboelnazar E
Surgery, Umalqora University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
Background: VTE is fatal condition. Despite of its cost-effectiveness
outcome prophylaxis is underutilized in many countries including
KSA.VTE prevalence and incidence not defined in KSA.
Aims: The primary objectives to determine the percentage of VTE
patients received antithrombotic prophylaxis. The secondary objective
determine the mortality rate due VTE events, types of VTE events, the
percentage of VTE patients in each ward type, the patients prescribed
anti-coagulant therapy and adherence to it and the VTE mortality
compared to hospital mortality
Methods: Seven hospitals in KSA have participated. During the period
from 1 July 2009 till 30 June 2010, cases of VTE in the hospitals were
collected using patientsmedical records. Only patients with confirmed
diagnosis of VTE included in the analysis
Results: One thousand and two hundred and forty-one of confirmed
VTE included in the study.21.4% and 78.6% of VTE in surgical and
medical patients respectively. 40.9% of VTE cases received appropriate prophylaxis.63.2% of surgical patients and 34.8% of medical
patients received this prophylaxis (P < 0.001). Mortality rate was
14.3% of all patients representing 1.6% of total hospital mortality.
Mortality was 13.5% for surgical patients vs. 14.5% for medical
patients (P > 0.05).89.4% of survived patients received anti-coagulation therapy at discharge and 71.7% of them were adherent to it
Conclusion: VTE is cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized
patients. Prophylactic thrombolytic therapy is underutilized due to
gap between guideline and practice for patients at-risk of VTE.
PO590-TUE
Below knee deep vein thrombosis (BKDVT):a benign
entity or not?
Ho P1, Yin Lim H2, Chua C3, Sleeman M3 and Hayes L1
1
3
Medicine, Northern Health, Melbourne, Australia
Background: BKDVT is traditionally associated with less clinical
sequelae such as thrombosis recurrence and malignancy, and often
treated with shorter duration and lower intensity of anticoagulation.
Aims: Evaluate the characteristics of below knee DVTs in our study
population to determine if the risk of recurrence and complications are
similar to major VTE (above-knee DVT and pulmonary embolism).
Methods: Retrospective evaluation of consecutive BKDVTs from July
2011 to December 2012 at Austin and Northern Health, Melbourne,
including demographics, provoking factors, associations and outcomes. Comparison was made to major VTE within this same cohort.
Results: Of a total of 1029 VTE cases, there were 279 (27%) episodes
of BKDVT; 22% had concurrent PE. Median age was 63 years with
male predominance (56% vs. 44%, P = 0.003). 96% was symptomatic.
46 patients (16.5%) had active malignancy with higher rates of concurrent PE (77% vs. 18%, P = 0.0001). 191 patients had isolated BKDVT
without malignancy. Of these, 18% had a prior history of venous
thromboembolism (VTE). Three (1.5%) were subsequently diagnosed
with cancer, similar prevalence to those with major VTE (1.7%,
P=NS). BKDVT were more likely to be provoked compared to major
ABSTRACTS
VTE (72% vs. 55%, P < 0.001). Median duration of anticoagulation
was 5.4 months vs. 7.0 months for major VTE. Patients with major
VTE were more likely to experience grade III/IV bleeding complications (6.3% vs. 1.0%, P = 0.003) despite similar duration of therapy.
Recurrence was similar to major VTE (6.8% vs. 8.7%, P = 0.42), with
no difference between provoked and unprovoked BKDVT (7.7% vs.
9.3%). Mortality rate was 5.5% with no thrombosis-related deaths.
Conclusion: BKDVT has similar rates of recurrence and subsequent
cancer detection compared to major VTE. Given the similar recurrence rate and proportionately less bleeding complications, investigation and treatment of BKDVT should not differ from major VTE.
Further studies are required to determine the adequate length of anticoagulation.
721
Conclusion: Underlying disease (mostly cirrhosis), gastrointestinal surgery are most common reasons. Reasons for congenital thrombophilia
with other acquired etiologies increse risk. JAK2 mutation alone is also
a risk factor.
PO592-TUE
Incidence of catheter-related venous
thromboembolism events in acute leukemia patients; a
retrospective study of the safety of peripherallyinserted central catheter
Refaei M1, Fernandes B2, Brandwein J3 and Wu C3
1
Internal Medicine; 2Nursing; 3Hematology, University of
Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
PO591-TUE
Etiology of portal venous thrombosis and budd-chiari
syndrome in adults
Tombak A1, Isguzar G1, Ucbilek E2, Yaras S2, Akdeniz A1,
Ucar MA1, Gurkan E3, Tiftik EN1 and Sungur MA4
1
Internal Medicine Hematology; 2Internal Medicine
Gastroenterology, Mersin University Medical Faculty, Mersin;
3
Internal Medicine Hematology, Cukurova University Medical
Faculty, Adana; 4Biostatistics, Duzce University Medical Faculty,
Duzce, Turkey
Background: Portal vein is formed by confluence of splenic-superior
mesenteric veins. Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is defined as hepatic
venous outflow obstruction.
Aims: To investigate etiologies of chronic thrombosis of portal venous
system (PVS) and BCS.
Methods: Patients from 2 centers were enrolled. Demographic data,
comorbidities, surgery-drugs stories questined. Causes of congenital
trombophilia, JAK2V617F mutation, levels of homocysteine, factorVIII, fibrinogen were investigated. Levels of protein C, S, ATIII were
not examined in patients with cirrhosis/in patients using warfarin.
Results: Seventy-three patients (33 men) were included. Median age
was 46 years (1882 years). There was BCS in 15, PVS thrombosis in
58 cases. Reasons predisposing to thrombosis were shown in table. A
congenital factor was determined in 46.7% of BCS, 27.6% of PVS
thrombosis (P = 0.166). No myeloproliferative disease determined in 3
JAK2 mutants. Cavernous transformation was seen in 59.6% of PVS
thrombosis; 26.5% of these had a congenital reason.
Underlying disease
PVS/ BCS
Congenital
PVS/ BCS
Cirrhosis 31
Scleroderma 2
Behcet 1
Factor VLeiden 7 1
G20210A 5 2
ProteinC deficienc 6
4
ProteinS deficienc 6
3
ATIII deficiency 3 3
Ankylosing spondylitis
1
FMF 1
Rheumatoid arthritis 1
Myeloproliferative 3 1
Malignancy 4
PNH 1 1
Acquired PVS/ BCS

Surgery 24 8
Contraceptive 4
Roaccutane 1
Etanercept 1
Pregnancy 2
JAK2 mutation 2 3
Homocysteinemy 20 5
Elevated factor VIII 8
3
Elevated fibrinogen 4
2
Crohns disease 1
Nephrotic syndrome 1
Background: Central venous catheters (CVCs) are a leading cause of

upper extremity deep vein thrombosis (UE DVT). There is little data
on patients with acute leukemia (AL). Long term CVCs are required
for chemotherapy in AL. Concomitant severe thrombocytopenia
makes anticoagulation for CVC related thrombosis a challenge. Incidence of UE DVT has been reported to be increased in those with
peripherally inserted central venous catheters (PICC) vs. those with
centrally inserted lines.
Aims: Our objectives are to identify leukemia inpatients with a PICC
and report the incidence of UE DVT.
Methods: We reviewed 161 charts for AL inpatients requiring a PICC
line admitted to Hematology at the University of Alberta Hospital
between 2003 and 2013. Baseline patient characteristics were recorded.
All venous thromboembolic events were objectively confirmed on
imaging studies. Incidence of catheter associated thrombosis was calculated.
Results: Three hundred and eleven patients were identified. We present
the preliminary results of the first 161 reviewed charts. Of these, 126
met our inclusion criteria and 119 had at least one PICC line insertion.
107 (90%) had AML, 50 (42%) were smokers, 76 (64%) had cardiovascular risk factor, and only 9 (8%) had previous DVT. Overall, there
were 236 PICC line insertions, with the 5FR dual lumen being the
most commonly used PICC line (80%). Out of the 236 insertions, there
were 28 (12%) new ipsilateral UE DVTs, 22 (79%) of which developed
acutely (< 1 month), and 19 (68%) in thrombocytopenic patients
(platelet < 50). Four (1.7%) concurrent VTEs were recorded. There
was an incidence of 1.85 DVT per 1000 catheter days.
Conclusion: The incidence rate of PICC-related UE DVT in our AL
patients is higher than predicted for a general cancer patient population. This data will be compared to a similar cohort of AL inpatients
who received a centrally inserted CVC (Broviac/Hickman). Determining factors that are associated with a lower risk of DVT in this high
bleeding risk population will be important to optimize patient care.
722
ABSTRACTS
PO593-TUE
Epidemiology of venous thromboembolism in the
Framingham heart study
PO594-TUE
Impact of incident stroke on future risk of venous
thromboembolism
Puurunen MK1, Gona P2,3, Murabito JM4, Magnani JM4 and

ODonnell CJ5
1
Framingham Heart Study, Boston University School of Medicine,
Framingham; 2College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University
of Massachusetts Boston, Boston; 3Cardiovascular Epidemiology
and Human Genomics Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood
Institute, Framingham; 4Department of Medicine, Boston
University School of Medicine, Boston; 5Division of Intramural
Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Framingham,
USA
Rinde LB1, Sm

abrekke B1, Lind C1,2, Njlstad I1,3,
Mathiesen EB1,3,4, Hald EM1,2,5, Brkkan SK1,2,5
and Hansen J-B1,2,5
1
2
Norway, Hematological Research Group (HERG); 3UiT The Arctic
University of Norway, Department of Community Medicine;
4
Norway, Brain and Circulation Research Group; 5University
Hospital of North Norway, Division of Internal Medicine,
Troms, Norway
Background: Limited contemporary data exist on the epidemiology of

venous thromboembolism (VTE), defined as deep venous thrombosis
or pulmonary embolism, in the community. The contribution of traditional atherosclerotic risk factors towards VTE risk remains poorly
established.
Aims: We sought to define the distribution of VTE subtypes, provide
an estimate of VTE incidence, and assess the relations of traditional
atherosclerotic risk factors with incident VTE in the Framingham
Heart Study (FHS).
Methods: The ascertainment period was 19952012 in FHS, a prospective community-based cohort study of three generations. A physician
endpoint committee identified and adjudicated incident VTE events by
using clinical records and imaging results. FHS participants without
VTE served as the referent cohort. VTE was classified as unprovoked,
provoked, or cancer-related. We determined the incidence rates for
VTE, and then used univariate and multivariable-adjusted Cox models
to relate traditional atherosclerotic risk factors (age, sex, BMI, smoking, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension) to VTE risk.
Results: The median follow-up time was 9.8 (Interquartile range 7.9
15.2) years. Among 9747 FHS participants there were 279 incident
VTEs. Incidence of VTE across the whole study population was 26.8/
10,000 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI] 23.830.1). 29.0%
of VTEs were unprovoked, 40.1% provoked, and 30.8% cancerrelated. After adjusting for atherosclerotic risk factors significant in
univariate analysis, age (HR 1.66 per 10-year increase; 95% CI 1.51
1.84) and BMI > 30 (HR 1.78; CI 1.362.28) remained significantly
associated with VTE risk in multivariable-adjusted analysis.
Conclusion: We report the contemporary incidence of VTE in a community-based cohort. Among traditional cardiovascular risk factors,
age and obesity were significantly associated with increased VTE risk.
Further research is warranted to identify novel preventable risk factors
for VTE.
Background: Growing evidence supports a bidirectional association

between venous and arterial thromboembolism. Even though clinical
data supports a relation between stroke and venous thromboembolism
(VTE), the strength of the association remains to be settled at the population level.
Aims: To investigate the association between stroke and future VTE in
a prospective cohort recruited from the general population.
Methods: Subjects from the Troms study (n = 29,857) without a previous history of VTE and stroke were followed from baseline (1994) to
the date of a VTE-event, death or migration, or to the end of followup (2010). Cox regression models with age as time scale and stroke as
a time-varying exposure were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR)
adjusted for sex, BMI, diabetes, smoking, blood pressure, HDL-cholesterol, physical activity and education. The regional ethical committee approved the study and all subjects gave their informed written
consent.
Results: There were 1515 incident strokes with 61 subsequent VTEs
during a median follow-up of 15.7 years. The risk of VTE increased
during the first 6 months after stroke (HR 10.95; 95% CI, 7.2016.64),
but declined rapidly thereafter and was no longer significant. The risk
estimates were higher for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) (HR 13.41;
95% CI, 8.1122.15) than for pulmonary embolism (HR 7.56; 95%
CI, 3.5616.28). Stroke displayed higher risk for provoked VTE (HR
16.84; 95% CI 10.2927.58) and DVT (HR 18.57; 95% CI, 10.37
33.24) compared to unprovoked VTE (HR 5.30; 95% CI 2.3312.04)
and DVT (HR 7.05; 95% CI 2.5619.43).
Conclusion: Incidentstroke was associated with increased risk of VTE,
and DVT in particular, during the first 6 months after the stroke
event. The high risk estimates for provoked VTE in stroke patients
suggest that additional predisposing factors, such as immobilization,
potentiate the impact of stroke on VTE risk.
PO595-TUE
Evaluating the accuracy of international classification
of diseases 10th revision codes for venous
thromboembolism (VTE) and major bleeding (MB) in
emergency room (ER) discharges
Al-Ani F1, Shariff S2, Siqueira L1 and Lazo-Langner A2,3,4
1
Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre; 2Institute for
Clinical Evaluative Sciences - Western (ICES Western);
3
Hematology; 4Epidemiology and Biostatisitcs, University of
Western Ontario, London, Canada
Background: The use of administrative databases to conduct epidemiological research in VTE has increased in recent years but relies on the
coding accuracy for the diagnoses of interest. To date, validation stud-
ABSTRACTS
ies of VTE and major bleeding in Canada have assessed coding systems no longer in use.
Aims: We sought to validate the accuracy of the International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision (ICD-10) codes for VTE and MB in
ER discharges in a large hospital in Ontario, Canada.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart re-abstraction study at a
university-associated teaching hospital in London, Ontario, Canada
between July 2002 and March 2014. Included patients were adults with
a VTE or MB code registered in the National Ambulatory Care
Reporting System. VTE was defined using ICD-10 codes for deep
venous thrombosis (DVT), and pulmonary embolism (PE), and MB
was defined using codes for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), upper gastrointestinal (UGIB), and
lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB). A random sample of 50
patients was selected for each group. Two blinded chart abstractors
independently conducted data collection and adjudicated outcomes
using a predetermined set of criteria.
Results: Three hundred patients (100 VTE, 200 MB) were included.
Kappa statistics showed good agreement between the two chart
reviewers for all groups. Overall, ICD-10 codes showed reasonable
accuracy for identifying MB events with a PPV of 72% and a specificity of 78%. Diagnostic codes performed particularly well for SAH and
ICH (PPV 88% and 90%, respectively). In contrast, codes for VTE
had a moderate to poor accuracy with an overall PPV of 49% and a
specificity of 66%.
Conclusion: Isolated ICD-10 codes for VTE had limited predictive
ability for identifying DVT and PE in ER discharges in this study. In
contrast, ICD-10 codes showed reasonable accuracy for identifying
MB events and it would be reasonable to use them for research purposes.
PO596-TUE
Asymptomatic central venous line related thrombosis
in children: feasibility of conducting a clinical study
Jones SE1,2,3,4, Newall F1,2,4,5,6, Butt W1,7,8 and Monagle P1,2,6
1
Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne; 2Clinical
Haematology, The Royal Childrens Hospital; 3Haematology
Research, Murdoch Childrens Research Insititute; 4Nursing, The
University of Melbourne; 5Nursing Research, The Royal Childrens
Hospital; 6Haematology Research, Murdoch Childrens Research
Institute; 7Paediatric Intensive Care, The Royal Childrens
Hospital; 8Paediatric Intensive Care Research, Murdoch
Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
Background: Over 50% of thromboses in children are related to central
venous lines (CVLs). Screening for CVL-related thrombosis is not routinely performed and hence the rate of asymptomatic CVL- related
thrombosis is unknown. Determining the natural history of asymptomatic thrombosis is challenging.
Aims: To describe the feasibility of conducting ultrasounds (US),
blinding results to the clinical team, for a study of asymptomatic CVLrelated thrombosis in a paediatric intensive care unit (PICU).
Methods: Collaboration with the medical imaging team was crucial to
the completion of the US in PICU. The medical imaging team was
involved in the development of guidelines for the imaging procedure.
The US were incorporated into daily workload of sonographers and
where possible, US occurred at suitable time for the patient. A five day
timeframe was set for US to be performed to accommodate sonographers changing workload and patients clinical status. The researcher
was in daily contact with sonographers and conducted information
sessions with the PICU staff.
Results: Two hundred and five patients consented for the study. US
were completed for 149 patients. The table below provides the reasons
US were not performed.
US data collection
US complete
US not performed
Ineligible after consent
Reasons US not performed
Dressing obstructed view of vessel
Not completed in timeframe/ prior to discharge
Parent refused
N = 205
149
39
17
723
%
72.7
19
8.3
N = 39
4
33
2
10.3
84.6
5.12
Conclusion: US is the gold standard for imaging and diagnosing internal jugular thrombosis; the most common site for CVLs in children.
This study has demonstrated that performing blinded US in a clinical
study is feasible. The timeframe for the US is a critical component to
achieving feasibility. Such studies are crucial to understand the natural
history of asymptomatic thrombosis in children, which in turn is crucial to enable proper risk benefit evaluation of any therapy.
PO597-TUE
Cerebral venous thrombosis: a longitudinal follow up
Desancho MT1 and Aras M2
1
Medicine; 2Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
Background: Cerebral vein thrombosis (CVT) is an uncommon form
of stroke. A prothrombotic risk factor or a direct cause is identified in
85% of patients; majority have a good neurologic outcome.
Aims: Our objective was to evaluate the demographic and clinical
characteristics, risk factors, treatment modalities, and outcomes of
patients with CVT.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients
with CVT referred to our hematology clinic at a tertiary hospital from
January 2006 to January 2015.
Results: We identified 24 patients: 18 (75%) were females, 15 (62.5%)
Caucasian and mean age was 33 years. The most common presenting
symptom was headache in 18 (75%) followed by grand-mal seizures in
5 (20.83%). The sites of thrombosis were transverse sinus thrombosis
in 13 (54%), sagittal sinus thrombosis in 11 (46%), sigmoid sinus
thrombosis in 6 (25%) and straight sinus thrombosis in 2 (8.3%). One
third of patients had multiple risk factors for thrombosis. The most
common risk factor was hyper-estrogen state, present in 13 (54%) of
patients. Nine (37.5%) had at least 1 thrombophilia; heterozygous
FIIG20210A polymorphism was the most common, seen in 4 patients
(16.7%). Eighteen patients (75%) were treated with warfarin, 8
(33.3%) with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH), and 1 (4%)
with Rivaroxaban. Sixteen (66.6%) patients received anticoagulation
for a limited period of time (3 to 24 months, 5 (21%) patients remain
on chronic anticoagulation, 1 patient is in the acute treatment period
and 2 patients were lost to follow-up. 5 patients became pregnant and
managed successfully with LMWH. Two-thirds of the patients had
complete resolution of the thrombosis and 1/3 partial resolution. Only
one patient had residual neurological sequelae.
Conclusion: In conclusion CVT is a serious and unusual type of venous
thrombosis. Majority of patients have favorable outcomes with anticoagulation treatment. Duration of anticoagulation in these patients
however, remains undefined.
724
ABSTRACTS
PO598-TUE
Pulmonary embolism: does the seasonal effect depend
on age? A 10 years nationwide analysis of
hospitalization and mortality
Olie V and Bonaldi C
Department of Chronic Diseases and Injuries, French Institute for
Public Health Surveillance, Saint-Maurice, France
Background: Circannual variations in the incidence and mortality of
pulmonary embolism (PE) have been previously described. However,
the influence of age on seasonal variation of incidence and mortality is
not well established.
Aims: This nationwide study aimed to assess the influence of age on
seasonal pattern in hospitalizations and mortality for PE.
Methods: The study used comprehensive records from the French hospital discharge databases between 2002 and 2012 and death certificates
between 2000 and 2010. For each outcome and separately for each sex,
monthly event counts were analyzed using quasi-Poisson models
including a seasonal component and adjusting for the underlying time
trend, age of patients and population size changes as an offset-term.
Tensor-products of regression splines were employed to smooth
together trend and age, and seasonal variation and age. The seasonal
variations were modeled by cyclic cubic spline.
Results: During the analyzed periods, 578,203 patients with PE were
hospitalized and 152,995 death certificates had a mention of PE. Compared with summer months, the winter peak was associated with 25%
increasing rates in hospitalizations and mortality. The rates ratio of
hospitalizations between the winter peak and the summer trough gradually increased with age. Indeed, the winter excess of incidence compared with summer linearly raised from 10% IC95% [516] in 30-yearold men to 33% IC95%[3135] in 75 year-old men. In the same way,
the incidences at the peak time was 13% IC95% [918] and 34%
IC95%[3136] higher in 30 and 75-year-old women respectively. In
addition, peaks were shifted at the beginning of the winter for younger.
Conclusion: Our data support an influence of age on the PE seasonal
variations with a more pronounced effect in older. More studies are
needed to clarify underlying age dependent mechanisms. Sensibilityto
infections along with pronounced inflammatory state particularly in
older could be a hypothesis.
PO599-TUE
Implications of cytogenetics for venous
thromboembolism in acute myeloid leukemia
Lee Y-G1, Kim I2, Kwon J-H2, Yoon SS2, Park S2, Yoon J-H3,
Shin S-H3, Min W-S3 and Kim H-J3
1
Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan
University School of Medicine; 2Internal Medicine, Seoul
National University Hospital, Seoul National University College
of Medicine; 3Hematology, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul St.
Marys Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of
Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Background: Due to the high risk of thrombocytopenia and hemorrhage, thrombotic complications have received little attention in
patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Furthermore, the predictive role of cytogenetics on venous thromboembolism (VTE) has
largely been ignored.
Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the incidence, risk factors, and
prognostic aspects of VTE in AML.
Methods: A total of 811 consecutive patients with AML were enrolled
and analyzed retrospectively. Cox time-dependent covariate regression
analysis was used to identify the significant predictors of VTE develop-
ment. To minimize potential confounding factors, we used propensityscore matching to compare overall survival between patients with and
without VTE.
Results: The 6-month and 1-year cumulative incidences of VTE were
3.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.0 4.7) and 3.9% (95% CI, 2.6
5.7), respectively. Of the 26 cases of VTE, 22 (85%) developed within
6 months of leukemia diagnosis and 13 (50%) were catheter-related.
In multivariate analysis, advanced age ( 65 years) (hazard ratio
[HR], 2.70; P = 0.03) and increasing cytogenetic risk (common HR,
1.84; P = 0.05) were independent predictors of VTE. There was no significant association between VTE development and decreased survival
(P = 0.32 for matched analysis).
Conclusion: Advanced age and increasing cytogenetic risk, well-known
predictors for clinical outcome in AML, were also independent risk
factors of VTE development. Our results suggest that VTE does not
hold prognostic implications for AML.
PO600-TUE
Long-term health-related quality of life after deep vein
thrombosis is impaired compared to controls
Utne K1, Ghanima W1, Sandset PM2, Wik HS2 and JelsnessJrgensen L-P3
1
Hematology, Ostfold Hospital Trust, Fredrikstad; 2Hematology,
Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo; 3Healthscience,
Ostfold University College, Fredrikstad, Norway
Background: Health-related Quality of Life (HRQoL) has been found
to be affected after deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Whether the longterm HRQoL of these patients is impaired when compared to controls
remains unknown.
Aims: 1- to assess long-term HRQoL after DVT compared to age- and
sex-matched controls; 2- to determine predictors of impaired HRQoL
after DVT.
Methods: Patients with DVT 110 years prior to study inclusion were
identified from the thrombosis registry of stfold Hospital, Norway,
and invited to participate in this study. Patients completed the EQ-5D3L questionnaire prior to study visit. Post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS)
was evaluated by the Villalta scale. In order to recruit a control group,
patients were asked to distribute the EQ-5D-3L questionnaire to 2
age- and sex-matched friends or relatives. The EQ VAS score was
dichotomized into impaired and not impaired HRQoL, impaired
HRQoL was defined as EQ VAS score below the 10th percentile among
the controls. Predictors of impaired HRQoL were identified using multivariate logistic regression. Based on prior analyses, age, sex, recurrent venous thrombosis, PTS, unemployment and comorbidities were
among the variables considered predictors for impaired HRQoL.
Results: A total of 250 patients (164 men) and 114 controls were
included in the study. Mean observation time from DVT to inclusion
was 5 2 years. Mean age at inclusion was 56 14 years. Patients
scored significantly lower on all items in EQ-5D (mobility, self-care,
usual activities, pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression) compared to
controls. Mean EQ VAS score was also significantly lower among
cases compared to controls, 81.9 (SD 14.6) and 71.9 (SD 18.6), respectively (P < 0.001). Only PTS (OR 5.5; 95% CI 2.313.4, P = <0.001)
and unemployment (OR 9.8; 95% CI 3.131.4, P = <0.001) were
found to predict impaired HRQoL.
Conclusion: Long-term HRQoL assessed with EQ-5D was significantly
reduced in DVT patients compared to controls. PTS and unemployment were the only predictors of impaired HRQoL.
ABSTRACTS
PO601-TUE
Long-haul travel and the risk of recurrent venous
thrombosis
Timp J1, le Cessie S1,2, van Hylckama Vlieg A1, Rosendaal FR1,3,4
and Cannegieter SC1,4
1
Department of Clinical Epidemiology; 2Department of Medical
Statistics; 3Department of Thrombosis and Hemostasis;
4
Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Background: Long-haul travel has been shown to increase the risk of
first venous thrombotic events 1.5 to 3-fold. However, since the absolute risk is low, temporary thromboprophylaxis is not justified to prevent a first thrombosis. The risk of thrombosis after long-haul travel in
those with a history of venous thrombosis is not known, while thromboprophylaxis may be indicated in these patients.
Aims: We aimed to study the relation between long-haul travel (> 4 h)
and recurrent venous thrombosis.
Methods: This study is a case-control study nested within a cohort of
4597 patients with a first venous thrombotic event who were followed
over time for recurrence from 1999 to 2010 (MEGA follow-up study).
At the end of follow-up participants reported via a questionnaire on
risk factors for thrombosis, including episodes of long haul travel
(> 4 h) in the first 3 months before a recurrent venous thrombotic
event (cases) or in a random 3 month-period during follow-up for participants without recurrence (controls). In total 2723 (59%) participants returned the questionnaire. Odds ratios (OR), adjusted for age,
sex and comorbidity at baseline, were calculated to compare risk of
recurrence between groups with and without recent travel in a (1:1)
matched analysis on time.
Results: The risk of recurrent venous thrombosis was not increased in
participants with recent long-haul travel [OR 0.8 (95% CI 0.61.1)].
For a recent long-haul flight the OR was 0.9 (95% CI 0.61.4) while it
was 0.8 (95% CI 0.51.1) for other types of long-haul travel (car, bus
or train). These findings seem not readily explained by preventative
measures taken during travel as these were equally distributed between
cases and controls (all preventive measures during a flight: controls
69%, cases 71%; anticoagulant use: controls 23%, cases 29%).
Conclusion: Risk of thrombosis in patients with a history of venous
thrombosis is not increased after long-haul travel, either by plane or
by other types of travel.
PO602-TUE
Recent discharge confers risk for venous
thromboembolism
Shah H and Christensen N
Division of Hospital Medicine, Northwestern University,
Chicago, USA
Background: Hospitalized patients are at significant risk for venous
thromboembolism (VTE) after discharge. Current guidelines do not
recommend the continuation of VTE prophylaxis in the outpatient setting after hospital discharge. However, patients may benefit from
pharmacologic prophylaxis to reduce VTE risk if a significant number
of patients admitted with a VTE were recently discharged from the
hospital.
Aims: The aim of this retrospective review was to determine the percent of patients admitted to the hospital with a primary diagnosis of
VTE that were discharged in the prior 30 days. Other demographic
factors such as age, length of stay, diagnosis and type of service were
also determined.
Methods: All patients with a primary diagnosis of VTE and admitted
to a large tertiary care academic medical center from 1/1/2012 to 9/30/
725
2014 were evaluated for discharge from the same institution within the
past 30 days. It was assumed that those who had a primary diagnoses
of VTE were admitted for this reason and had a new VTE on presentation.
Results: One thousand and hundred and eighty-two patients were
admitted with a primary diagnosis of VTE as the reason for admission
over this approximate three year period. 26.6% of these patients were
recently discharged from the hospital in the prior 30 days. The most
common diagnosis of the index hospitalization was cardiopulmonary
disease. Age, length of stay and type of service were not predictive risk
factors.
Conclusion: Hospitalization represents a significant risk factor for
VTE. A large percentage of patients with an admitting diagnosis of
VTE were recently discharged within the past 30 days. Further study
is needed to determine which risk factors can be identified that would
pose the greatest VTE risk allowing for a validated approach to
patient identification for possible post discharge prophylaxis.
Disclosure of Interest: H. Shah Speaker Bureau of: Janssen, BMS, Pfizer, N. Christensen: None declared.
Therapy II
PO603-TUE
A drug-drug interaction study of DS-1040 and aspirin
in healthy subjects
Dow J1, Puri A2, McPhillips P1, Orihashi Y1, Dishy V3 and Zhou J3
1
Daiichi Sankyo Development Ltd., Gerrards Cross;
2
Hammersmith Medicines Research, London, UK; 3Daiichi
Sankyo Pharma Development, Edison, USA
Background: DS-1040b is an inhibitor of the activated form of thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFIa) under development for
the treatment of thromboembolic diseases.
Aims: This was a Phase 1, open-label, single-dose study to assess the
safety (including bleeding time) and tolerability of a single intravenous
(IV) dose of DS-1040 after 5 days of aspirin treatment in healthy subjects.
Methods: A total of 18 healthy males and females of non-childbearing
potential were enrolled in this study. Each subject received a loading
dose of 300 mg aspirin on the morning of Day 1 followed by a daily
dose of 75 mg aspirin on Days 2 to 5. On the morning of Day 5, the
dose of aspirin was followed immediately by 6 mg DS-1040 treatment
administered as 0.5 h IV infusion.
Results: A single IV dose of DS-1040 following 5 days of aspirin treatment was safe and well tolerated. Mean bleeding time increased
throughout the aspirin dosing period from pre-treatment baseline to
Day 4 (from 3.3 min to 9.1 min), however, there was no further
increase in mean bleeding time following co-administration of DS1040 with aspirin (8.2 min).
Conclusion: In healthy subjects, the co-administration of aspirin and
DS-1040 was safe and did not result in further increase of bleeding
time.
Disclosure of Interest: J. Dow Employee of: Daiichi Sankyo Development Ltd., A. Puri: None declared, P. McPhillips: None Declared, Y.
Orihashi Employee of: Daiichi Sankyo Development Ltd., V. Dishy
Employee of: Daiichi Sankyo Pharma Development, J. Zhou
Employee of: Daiichi Sankyo Pharma Development.
726
ABSTRACTS
PO604-TUE
Feasibility of comparing intermittent pneumatic
compression vs. a novel device for prevention of
venous thromboembolism in trauma patients with
contraindication to anticoagulation
Bhagirath V1, Al Onazi N2, Schulman S1 and Crowther M1
1
Department of Medicine; 2Department of Surgery, McMaster
Background: There is a high incidence of venous thromboembolism
(VTE) in trauma patients, yet many cannot receive anticoagulant VTE
prophylaxis due to bleeding risk. Intermittent pneumatic compression
devices (IPCs) are commonly used in these patients. A small, self-adhesive, battery powered device (the novel device) which increases venous
flow by stimulation of the common peroneal nerve has been approved
by Health Canada, but its performance for VTE prophylaxis has yet
to be tested in a patient population.
Aims: To test the feasibility of performing a large, event-driven study
comparing the novel device vs. IPCs in trauma patients with contraindication to anticoagulant VTE prophylaxis.
Methods: Adult patients hospitalized for trauma at the Hamilton General Hospital with contraindication to anticoagulation were eligible.
Subjects were randomized to IPCs or the novel device. Compliance
was measured by twice daily bedside visits. Compression ultrasound
studies were mandated at study exit; venous and arterial flow were
measured for studies performed on weekdays. A tolerability questionnaire was administered to non-intubated subjects. Informed consent
was obtained from all subjects, and the study protocol was approved
by the local research ethics board.
Results: Sixty-nine patients were identified for screening by the treating
physicians over 12 months. The study met a pre-specifiedfutility endpoint and was stopped after 19 enrolled patients. 11 subjects were randomized to IPCs and 8 to the novel device. One subject discontinued
early due to lack of available IPCs, and was excluded from further
analysis. All secondary outcomes were assessed per protocol for 72%
of subjects. No subjects developed VTE, and no serious adverse events
were detected.
Conclusion: A larger event-driven trial would not be feasible in this
patient population due to slow recruitment. No safety, tolerability, or
compliance concerns regarding the novel device were identified from
this small study.
PO605-TUE
Prediction of the bleeding risk during anticoagulation
treatment for pulmonary thromboembolism
Zhai Z1, Zhang Z2, Yang Y1 and Wang C1
1
Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine; 2Beijing Chao Yang
Hospital, Beijing, China
Background: Bleeding, especially major and clinical relevant nonmajor bleeding is the most important complication of anticoagulation
which might affect the prognosis of pulmonary thromboembolism. A
score which can accurately determine the risk of bleeding may help to
make decisions on anticoagulant use.
Aims: To assess the predictive ability of major bleeding in patients by
using three stratifications which are OBRI score, RIETE score and
SBRP score, and to develop a simple prediction model to estimate the
clinical non-major bleeding risk within 3 months of anticoagulation
therapy.
Methods: Consecutive patients diagnosed as the first episode of acute
PTE who met the including criteria in Beijing Chao-yang Hospital
from January 2009 to September 2013 were enrolled. All the patients
were classified into three categories according to bleeding risk(low,
intermediate and high)in each score (OBRI score, RIETE score and
SBRP score). The primary endpoint events were major bleeding and
clinical non-major bleeding. The secondary endpoint events were
recurrence of VTE and all-cause death.
Results: Five hundred and thirty-nine patients were included in our
study. 16 (3.0%) had major bleeding and 73 (13.5%) had clinical nonmajor bleeding within 3 months of anticoagulation. (i) 3 months
cumulative major bleeding was 3.0%(95% CI 0.010.05) and clinical
non-major bleeding was 14.0% (95% CI 0.110.17) (ii) The areas
under the ROC curve were 0.68 (95% CI 0.530.82) in OBRI score,
0.59 (95% CI 0.460.72) in SBRP score and 0.73 (95% CI 0.610.86)
in RIETE score. (iii) A prediction model of clinical non-major bleeding risk was composed assigning 1 points to age 65 or diabetes, 1.5
point to cancer or rt-PA therapy.
Conclusion: The incidence of bleeding within 3 months of anticoagulation in our patients was high. A risk prediction model based on four
variables documented at entry can stratify the risk of clinical nonmajor bleeding in PTE patients during the first 3 months of anticoagulant treatment.
PO606-TUE
Recurrences after stopping anticoagulant therapy in
Thai patients with non cancer-related venous
thromboembolism
Kijrattanakul P, Thippayanuruksakul P, Akkawat B and
Rojnuckarin P
Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
Background: Preliminary data suggest a lower recurrent rate of venous
thromboembolism (VTE) in Asian patients. In Caucasians, D-dimer
levels at 1 month after stopping anticoagulant therapy of unprovoked
VTE can predict recurrences. However, there is no report in Asians.
Aims: To determine the rate and risk factors of recurrent VTE in Thai
patients.
Methods: This is a prospective cohort study. All adult patients with the
first episode of non-cancer related VTE who had received 3 or
6 months of warfarin at King Chulalongkorn Memorial hospital
between January 2013 and December 2014 were enrolled. The VIDAS
D-dimer assay and thrombophilia tests (protein C, protein S, antithrombin and lupus anticoagulant) were performed at 4 weeks after
warfarin discontinuation. Patients were followed for VTE recurrence
and post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) using the Villalta score.
Results: There were 42 subjects with the median age of
53.5 32.5 years and 60.5% of them were female. The VTEs were
unprovoked in 61.9%. Thirty (71.4%) cases were deep vein thrombosis
(DVT) and 16.7% were isolated pulmonary embolism (PE). The durations of warfarin were 6 months in 60.9% with the median time in
therapeutic INR of 59%. The high D-dimer levels ( 500 ng mL1)
were detected in 54.8%. Contraceptive pill uses at the VTE onset was
significantly associated with normal D-dimer after stopping anticoagulant (P = 0.001). Sixteen patients (38.1%) had PTS. After a median
follow-up of 56 weeks, 5 patients (11.9%) had recurrent VTE. All of
them had high D-dimer levels and PTS. VTE recurrences were associated with high D-dimer levels (P = 0.04) and PTS symptoms before
recurrences (P = 0.018). The age, sex, presence of provoking factors
and thrombophilia were not significantly associated with high D-dimer
levels or recurrences.
Conclusion: VTE recurrences in Thai patients are not uncommon and
associated with high D-dimer levels and prior PTS.
ABSTRACTS
PO607-TUE
XALIA, a non-interventional study comparing
rivaroxaban with standard anticoagulation for initial
and long-term therapy in deep vein thrombosis:
baseline demographics and hospitalizationrates
1
Turpie AG , Mantovani LG , Haas S , Kreutz R , Monje D ,

Schneider J6 and Ageno W7
1
Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, General
Division, Hamilton, Canada; 2Department of Clinical Medicine
and Surgery, Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples,
Italy; 3Vascular Centre, Munich; 4Institute of Clinical
Pharmacology and Toxicology, Charit
e-Universit
atsmedizin,
Berlin; 5Bayer Vital GmbH, Leverkusen; 6Bayer Pharma AG,
Berlin, Germany; 7Department of Clinical and Experimental
Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
Background: Rivaroxaban is approved for the treatment and secondary prevention of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). XALIA is a multicentre, prospective, observational study of
patients presenting with acute DVT. XALIA compares the safety and
effectiveness of rivaroxaban with standard of care (SOC) in real-world
practice.
Aims: To analyse baseline demographics and hospitalization rates for
rivaroxaban and SOC groups in XALIA.
Methods: Data were collected on patients aged 18 years, with objectively confirmed, acute DVT treated with an anticoagulant for
3 months. The type, dose and duration of drug therapy were at the
discretion of the attending physician.
Results: This analysis is based on 5096 patients enrolled in 21 countries; 2550 received rivaroxaban and 2545 received SOC (of whom
most received low molecular weight heparin plus a vitamin K antagonist). Across both groups, 89.3% of patients had DVT alone; 10.7%
also had PE at baseline. The most common risk factors for DVT at
baseline were: recent hospitalization within 3 months (15.8%), cancer
(10.7%) and thrombophilia (5.7%). Patients treated with rivaroxaban
were younger than those in the SOC group (mean age 56.7 vs.
61.8 years), and the proportion of patients with creatinine clearance
< 50 mL min1 was lower (3.1% vs. 8.1%). Overall, 1850 patients
were hospitalized; 685/2550 (26.9%) rivaroxaban-treated patients
(DVT: 516; DVT+PE: 169) and 1164/2545 (45.7%) SOC patients
(DVT: 873; DVT+PE: 291). Rivaroxaban patients had a shorter median hospital stay compared with SOC (5.0 vs. 7.0 days).
Conclusion: Patient characteristics such as age, comorbidities and hospital/medical guidelines influenced treatment allocation. This preliminary unadjusted analysis shows rivaroxaban-treated patients were less
frequently hospitalized and had a shorter length of stay compared with
SOC-treated patients.
Disclosure of Interest: A. Turpie Consultant for: Bayer HealthCare,
Janssen Research & Development, Astellas, Portola and Takeda, L.
Mantovani Grant/Research Support from: Boehringer Ingelheim, Pfizer, Bristol-Myers Squibb and Daiichi Sankyo, Consultant for: Bayer
HealthCare, S. Haas Consultant for: Bayer HealthCare, Bristol-Myers
Squibb, Boehringer Ingelheim, Daiichi Sankyo, Pfizer and Sanofi, R.
Kreutz Consultant for: Bayer HealthCare, Berlin-Chemie, BristolMyers Squibb and Daiichi Sankyo, D. Monje Employee of: Bayer
HealthCare, J. Schneider Employee of: Bayer HealthCare, W. Ageno
Grant/Research Support from: Bayer HealthCare, GlaxoSmithKline,
Alexion Pharmaceuticals and Boehringer Ingelheim, Consultant for:
Bayer HealthCare, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pfizer and Daiichi Sankyo.
727
PO608-TUE
Apixaban for treatment of venous thromboembolism in
patients from study centres in Asia; a subgroup
analysis of the amplify trial
Gallus AS1, Agnelli G2, Buller HR3, Cohen A4, Lee TC5, Pak R6,
Raskob GE7, Shi H5 and Weitz JI8
1
SA Pathology, Flinders Medical Centre and Flinders University,
Adelaide, Australia; 2Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine,
Stroke Unit, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy; 3Department of
Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The
Netherlands; 4Department of Haematology, Guys and St Thomas
Hospitals, Kings College, London, UK; 5Pfizer, Inc., New
York6Pfizer, Inc., Groton; 7College of Public Health, University of
Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, USA;
8
McMaster University and Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis
Research Institute, Hamilton, Canada
Background: In 5395 patients with acute venous thromboembolism
(VTE), the AMPLIFY trial showed 6 months of oral apixaban
was non-inferior to conventional therapy, with significantly less
bleeding.
Aims: Anticoagulant-related bleeding may be more common in Asians
because of lower body weights. This possibility was evaluated by comparing results from Asian and non-Asian study centres.
Methods: Patients received apixaban (10 mg BID for 7 days, then
5 mg BID) or enoxaparin (1 mg kg1 BID) followed by warfarin
(INR 2 3). Clinical characteristics and rates of adjudicated major
or clinically relevant non-major (CRNM) bleeding and recurrent
VTE or VTE-related death in Asia and elsewhere were compared.
Results: of the 446 patients (8.3%) enrolled in Asia (246 in East Asia,
mainly China, and 200 in India), 223 received apixaban and the
remainder received conventional therapy. In Asian and non-Asian
patients, mean ages were 52.2 and 57.4 years and mean body weights
were 60 and 86 kg, respectively. Body weight was 60 kg in 30% and
7% of Asian and non-Asian patients, and BMI was 28 kg m2 in
76% of Asian and 48% of non-Asian patients, respectively. In Asia,
rates of major or CRNM bleeding with apixaban and conventional
therapy were 3.1% and 6.7%, respectively (relative risk [RR] 0.47,
95% confidence interval [CI] 0.191.13). Elsewhere, these rates were
4.4% and 10.0%, respectively (RR 0.44, 95% CI 0.350.55). In Asia,
rates of VTE or VTE-related death with apixaban and conventional
therapy were 3.3% and 4.2%, respectively (RR 0.79, 95% CI 0.30
2.1). Elsewhere, these rates were 2.2% and 2.6%, respectively (RR
0.85, 95% CI 0.59 1.22).
Conclusion: Despite lower body weight and BMI, there was no evidence of more bleeding with apixaban or conventional therapy in Asia
than elsewhere. Apixaban had similar efficacy relative to conventional
therapy in Asian and non-Asian patients. Wide CI values due to limited sample size indicate the need for more data to confirm these findings.
Disclosure of Interest: A. Gallus Consultant for: Pfizer, G. Agnelli
Consultant for: Pfizer, H. Buller Consultant for: Pfizer, A. Cohen
Consultant for: Pfizer, T. Lee Employee of: Pfizer, R. Pak Employee
of: Pfizer, G. Raskob Consultant for: Pfizer, H. Shi Employee of: Pfizer, J. Weitz Consultant for: Pfizer.
728
ABSTRACTS
PO609-TUE
Should we use venous thromboembolism prophylaxis
in patients with haematological malignancies receiving
chemotherapy?
ski P1 and Warzocha K2
Wiszniewski A1, Szopin
1
Department of Vascular Surgery; 2Department of Hematology,
Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw,
Poland
Background: Patients with haematological neoplasms (acute myeloid
leukaemia, AML; acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, ALL; chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, CLL; myeloma plasmocyticum, MP; Hodgkin
lymphoma, HL; non-Hodgkin lymphoma, NHL) carry increased risk
of venous thromboembolism (VTE). The mechanisms that link these
malignancies to activated coagulation have not been fully identified.
Additionally, a lot of haematological patients use portacath (venous
port) or central venous catheter for chemotherapy.
Aims: The goal of this study was retrospective analysis of VTE prevalence and use of venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in patients
with haematological malignancies receiving chemotherapy.
Methods: Within the period 20052013, the following patients were
admitted to the hospital and subjected to chemotherapy: 327 ALL;
144 ALL; 491 CLL; 503 MP; 138 HL; 589 NHL. 58% of them had
placed venous port or central venous catheter for chemotherapy. Only
12% of hospitalized haematological patients received venous thromboembolism prophylaxis low molecular weight heparin (LMWH)
before chemotherapy. The clinical diagnosis of symptomatic VTE was
confirmed by the objective imaging procedures. All patients with confirmed VTE were treated with LMWH at individual doses related to
the platelet counts.
Results: VTE was diagnosed in 143/2192 (6.5%) patients during the
first or subsequent hospitalization. 69% of them had placed central
venous catheter devices. Any patient from this group did not receive
venous thromboembolism prophylaxis before chemotherapy. During
antithrombotic treatment, neither VTE recurrences, haemorrhagic
complications nor heparin-induced thrombocytopenia occurred.
Conclusion: VTE is quite common complication in hospitalized
patients with haematological malignancies receiving chemotherapy.
Intensive effort at thromboembolism prophylaxis in these patients
should be considered, especially, in patients with central venous
access.
PO610-TUE
Low-risk pulmonary embolism and length of hospitalstay: the Lorpelhs Study
Donadini MP1, Castellaneta M2, Gnerre P3, Regina ML4,
Pomero F5, Re R6, Gallo A1 and Dentali F1Ageno W1 and
Squizzato A1
1
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese;
2
Ospedale Evangelico Internazionale, Genova, Italy; 3Ospedale
di Savona, Savona; 4Ospedale di La Spezia, La Spezia; 5Ospedale
S. Croce e Carle, Cuneo; 6Ospedale Maggiore della Carit
a,
Novara, Italy
Background: Patients with pulmonary embolism (PE) are commonly
admitted to hospital for their initial treatment, though some of them
may be suitable for a short-hospital stay. Validated tools are needed to
assist clinicians in stratifying the risk of adverse events
Aims: Aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate if length of
hospital-stay varies according to PE risk of adverse events defined by
the Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (PESI) in daily clinical practice.
Methods: For each of the six participating Italian Centers, fifty consecutive adult patients with an objectively confirmed diagnosis of PE
between 2011 and 2013 were included. Patients were identified by

direct chart review or by searching the administrative database of the
hospital using discharges codes according to the 9th International
Classification of Diseases. PESI was retrospectively calculated and the
duration of hospital stay was recorded. Patients were treated according to local clinical practice.
Results: Two hundred and ninety-nine patients were diagnosed with
PE within 72 h from hospital admission. Mean age was
73.5 14.6 years, 55.2% were females. Median hospital stay was of
10 days (interquartile range [IQR] 714) with a mortality rate of 8.4%
(25 patients). According to PESI score, 89 patients (29.8%) were classified at low risk (class I and II) and 210 (70.2%) at high risk (class III,
IV, V), with a median hospital stay of 9 (IQR 612.5) and 11 (IQR 8
215) days, respectively (P = .003). Median hospital stay was 8.5 days
for class I, 9 for class II, 10 for class III, 12 for class IV, 12 for class V
(P = .013).
Conclusion: Overall, median hospital stay for PE was long. In this retrospective study, the difference of 2 days between PESI low-risk and
high-risk classes is statistically, but not clinically significant. Whether
adopting PESI in clinical practice can influence clinicians decisions
about early discharge needs to be prospectively evaluated
PO611-TUE
Antithrombotic treatment and outcomes of nonmalignant non-cirrhotic splanchnic vein thrombosis: a
sub-analysis from the isth registry
Riva N1, Ageno W1, Schulman S2, Beyer-Westendorf J3,
Grandone E4, Di Minno MND5, Sartori MT6, Malato A7,
Martinelli I8, Damico EA9, Bucherini E10, De Stefano V11, Di
Nisio M12, Poggio R13, Nardo B14, Winder A15, Farge-Bancel D16,
Betti S11, Dentali F1 and IRSVT Study Investigators1
1
of Insubria, Varese, Italy; 2Department of Medicine, McMaster
University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; 3Division of Angiology,
Center for Vascular Medicine and Department of Medicine III,
4
IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, S. Giovanni Rotondo;
5
Departmentof Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II
University, Naples; 6Clinical Medicine II, University Hospital of
Padova, Padova; 7UO Ematologia con Trapianto, Policlinico
Universitario of Palermo, Palermo; 8A. Bianchi Bonomi
Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Department of Internal
Medicine and Medical Specialties, Fondazione IRCCS Ca Granda
- Ospedale Maggiore Policlinic, Milan, Italy; 9Hospital das
Clnicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo,
Sao Paulo, Brazil; 10Ospedale di Faenza, Faenza; 11Institute of
Hematology, Catholic University, Rome; 12Department of
Internal Medicine, SS.ma Annunziata Hospital, Chieti Scalo;
13
Thrombosis Center, Galliera Hospital, Genoa; 14Department of
Medicine I, Busto Arsizio Hospital, Busto Arsizio, Italy;
15
Coagulation Unit, Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel;
16
Unit
e dei M
edecine Interne et Pathologie Vasculaire, Universit
e
Denis Diderot, Paris, France
Background: Splanchnic vein thrombosis (SVT) not associated with
liver cirrhosis or solid cancer has been the focus of several small observational studies, which suggested that the bleeding risk may offset the
benefit of the anticoagulant treatment.
Aims: To assess the outcomes of non-malignant non-cirrhotic SVT
from an unselected cohort of SVT patients.
patients, enrolled from 2008 to 2012 and followed for 2 years. Thera 2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997
ABSTRACTS
peutic strategies and outcomes were analysed separately for the
patients without solid cancer or liver cirrhosis. A Central Adjudication
Committee classified outcomes as vascular events (venous or arterial
thrombosis) or major bleeding (MB; ISTH definition plus the need for
hospitalization).
Results: Three hundred and forty-seven of 604 patients had non-malignant non-cirrhotic SVT (median age 48 years, 59.7% males, 76.4%
portal vein thrombosis). The most common risk factors were abdominal inflammation/infection (18.7%), myeloproliferative neoplasm
(MPN) (14.1%), surgery (10.4%) and hormonal therapy (7.2%); in the
remaining patients SVT was unprovoked. Fifty-one patients (14.7%)
were not anticoagulated; 68 received parenteral anticoagulants alone
(median duration 5.5 months, IQR 1.912) and 228 were started on
vitamin K antagonists (median 24 months, IQR 1124); 14 patients
(4.0%) were lost to follow-up. The incidence of recurrent thrombotic
events was 5.62/100 patient-years (pt-y) (95% CI, 4.017.86) and the
incidence of MB was 1.82/100 pt-y (95% CI, 1.013.28). In multivariate analysis, anticoagulant treatment (P < 0.001) was associated with
lower risk of vascular events, while MPN (P = 0.005) and unprovoked
SVT (P = 0.037) were associated with higher risk. Anemia (P = 0.102)
was associated with a trend to higher risk of MB, while anticoagulant
treatment (P = 0.126) with lower.
Conclusion: The incidence of MB and recurrent thrombosis in nonmalignant non-cirrhotic SVT is low. Anticoagulant treatment in these
patients did not appear to increase the risk of bleeding.
Disclosure of Interest: N. Riva: None declared, W. Ageno: None
declared, S. Schulman: None declared, J. Beyer-Westendorf: None
declared, E. Grandone: None declared, M. N. D. Di Minno: None
declared, M. T. Sartori: None declared, A. Malato: None declared, I.
Martinelli: None declared, E. A. Damico: None declared, E. Bucherini: None declared, V. De Stefano: None declared, M. Di Nisio: None
declared, R. Poggio: None declared, B. Nardo: None declared, A.
Winder: None declared, D. Farge-Bancel: None declared, S. Betti:
None declared, F. Dentali: None declared, IRSVT study investigators
Grant/Research Support from: This study was supported by a grant
from Pfizer, Canada, to ISTH. The authors have no relevant conflicts
to declare in relation to this abstract.
PO613-TUE
A global prospective cohort study of dabigatran for the
treatment of venous thromboembolism (re-covery)
Goldhaber SZ1, Ageno W2, Casella I3, Kok Han C4, Raskob G5,
Schellong S6, Singer DE7, Shash D8, Desch M8 and Schulman S9
1
Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Womens Hospital,
Harvard Medical School, Boston MA, USA; 2Department of
Clinical Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy;
3
Departamento de Cirurgia, Universidade de S~
ao Paulo, S~
ao
Paulo, Brazil; 4Department of Medicine, University of Malaya,
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; 5College of Public Health, University of
Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma, USA; 6Internal
Medicine Department II, Municipal Hospital Friedrichstadt,
Dresden, Germany; 7Division of General Internal Medicine,
Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; 8Boehringer
Ingelheim GmbH & Co KG, Ingelheim am Rhein, Germany;
9
Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON,
Canada
Background: Pivotal randomized double blind clinical trials of nonvitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants vs. warfarin have been published on almost 30,000 patients with venous thromboembolism
(VTE). However, less well studied is contemporary VTE management
in routine clinical practice on a global scale. Therefore, we are launching a new non-interventional study, called RE-COVERY, to evaluate
the management of acute VTE.
729
Aims: (i) To characterize patients with deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

and/or pulmonary embolism (PE), (ii) to describe treatment patterns,
and (iii) to assess the safety and effectiveness of dabigatran compared
to vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) in routine care.
Methods: We will recruit patients from different countries in different
continents. The study will be approved by ethics committees, and written informed patient consent will be obtained. To obtain data on contemporary global clinical practice, the study will evaluate baseline
characteristics and management strategy on a broad population of
patients with DVT and/or PE, regardless of how they are treated.
Those patients receiving either dabigatran (110 mg or 150 mg twice
daily) or VKAs will be followed up every 3 months for up to 1 year
after enrollment. Overall, 6000 to 8000 patients will be recruited for
RE-COVERY. Electronic case report forms and source data auditing
will be conducted.
Results: RE-COVERY will begin in 2015, with final results expected in
2019.
Conclusion: RE-COVERY will characterize patients with VTE in routine care and, in conjunction with randomized trial data and observational data (e.g. from other registries), will enhance our understanding
of how to improve and optimize VTE management.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Goldhaber Grant/Research Support from:
Bristol-Myers Squibb, Boehringer Ingelheim, Consultant for: Boehringer Ingelheim, Merck, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Medscape, W. Ageno
Consultant for: Boehringer Ingelheim, I. Casella Consultant for: Boehringer Ingelheim, C. K. Han Consultant for: Boehringer Ingelheim, G.
Raskob Consultant for: Boehringer Ingelheim, S. Schellong Consultant for: Bayer Healthcare, Boehringer Ingelheim, GlaxoSmithKline,
Sanofi, D. Singer Consultant for: Boehringer Ingelheim, D. Shash
Employee of: Boehringer Ingelheim, M. Desch Employee of: Boehringer Ingelheim, S. Schulman Grant/Research Support from: Boehringer
Ingelheim, Baxter, Octapharma.
Vitamin K Antagonists II
PO614-TUE
Influence of VKA-potentiating drugs on overanticoagulation in atrial fibrillation
van Vugt SP1,2, Focks JJ1,2, Joustra R1, Albers-Akkers MT2, Bloemde Vries L2, Verheugt FW1 and Brouwer MA1
1
Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center; 2INR
Outpatient Anticoagulation Clinic, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Background: Vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) have been proven effective in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), although a drawback is
their sensitivity to drug-drug interactions. As a result, the altered doseresponse relation can lead to suboptimal anticoagulation.
Aims: Given the limited data on this issue in daily practice, this study
aims to investigate the association between the concurrent use of
VKA-potentiating drugs and over-anticoagulation.
Methods: A prospective cohort of patients with AF using VKA for
stroke prevention monitored by the outpatient anticoagulation clinic
Nijmegen were contacted in May 2011 and followed until August
2012. Baseline characteristics, concomitant medication and INR measurements were recorded. Over-anticoagulation was defined as 1) the
presence of INR measurements above 5.0 or 2) the time above an INR
of 3.5 according to the Rosendaal method. We compared patients
using drugs with a highly probable potentiating effect with patients
using no VKA-interacting drugs.
Results: We included 1291 patients with a median age of 76 years
(IQR 6882) of whom 42% was female. Median follow-up was
1.2 years, comprising 32,660 INR measurements. No significant difference was observed for the presence of one or more INRs above 5.0,
nor for the time above an INR of 3.5 (Table). Patients using potentiating drugs were more frequently monitored: 26 (IQR 2034) vs. 24
(IQR 1930) INR measurements, respectively (P < 0.001).
730
ABSTRACTS
VKA-potentiating drug use
Yes
(n = 356)
Over-anticoagulation
Patients with at
112 (31.5%)
least one INR
measurement
above 5.0
Patients with at
24 (6.7%)
least three INR
measurements
above 5.0
Median time above
16.7% (9.124.2)
INR 3.5 (IQR)
No
(n = 935)
Pvalue
265 (28.3%)
0.274
39 (4.2%)
0.061
17.6% (9.525.0)
0.066
Conclusion: In this real-world cohort study, the concomitant use of

highly probable VKA-potentiating drugs was not significantly associated with over-anticoagulation. We did observe that patients with concomitant potentiating drug use were more intensively monitored.
PO615-TUE
Agreement of point-of-care inr test with standard
venous sampling assay at higher extreme ranges
Lai YF1, Kong MC1, Chan FSL2 and Ng HJ3
1
Pharmacy; 2Pathology; 3Hematology, Singapore General
Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
Background: Point-of-care (POC) coagulometers can potentially provide cost saving and convenience for patients and clinicians. In a previous study in 2007, it was demonstrated that the the CoaguChek XS
(Roche Diagnostics, Basel, Switzerland) can achieve high agreement
with conventional venous sampling for International Normalised
Ratio (INR) of < 3.5.
Aims: This study seeks to investigate if the same coagulometer is able
to produce good correlation with venous INR even at extreme ranges
of up to 5.0, and thus ascertainif it is also safe for clinical decisions to
be made based on POC INR readings at the range between 3.5 and
5.0.
Methods: For every POC INR that is more than 3.5, a corresponding
venous sample was drawn from the same patient. In total, 74 pairs of
readings were obtained and analysed using STATA Version 13.1. The
samples were stratified according to their POC INR results, of which
56 pairs fell between INR of 3.5 to 5 (Stratum A), and 18 pairs above
5 (Stratum B). Paired sample t-test was performed and Pearson Correlation Coefficient was computed in both strata.
Results: The magnitude of residual variation was observed to be smaller in Stratum A than Stratum B. In Stratum A, 66% and 84% of the
POC INR readings fell within 0.5 and 0.8 of the standard assay
results respectively. The correlation between POC and venous sampling method was found to be moderate (r = 0.487), with mean difference of 0.33 0.49 (P < 0.05, 95% CI: 0.200.46). In Stratum B, 39%
and 44% of the POC INR readings fell within 0.5 and 0.8 of the
standard assay results respectively. The correlation between POC and
standard assay was found to be poor (r = 0.205), with mean difference
of 0.61 1.22 (P = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.0061.22).
Conclusion: The findings of this follow-up study re-affirms that the Coaguchek XS Coagulometer is less robust in measuring INR at higher
ranges, especially readings beyond 5.0. As such, caution should be
exercised by clinicians when making clinical decision based on POC
test results at extreme ranges.
PO616-TUE
In anticoagulation treatment with vitamin K
antagonists (AVKS): which is the best monitoring test?
Vidmar GL1, D0 Antonio CC1, Capmany CL1, Bonadeo JM1,
Kujta N1, Barbera RF2, Velasquez EL3 and Meza LA3
1
Hematology; 2Internal Medicine, Clinica San Camilo Buenos
Aires Argentina; 3Hematology, Clinica San Camilo Buenos Aires
Argentina, C.A.B.A, Argentina
Background: In new anticoagulant0 s era (non-VKA oral anticoagulants
- OACs) a lot of patients will continue benefiting with traditional treatment for different reasons, such as costs, renal impairment, etc. In this
scenario it will be important to make our work better. But what is better?: Traditional International Normalized Ratio (INR) monitoring or
Point of Care (POC) INR.
Aims: Compare two anticoagulation populations in the same Anticoagulation Clinic, with the same Medical Staff taking decisions. One
population in POC monitoring and the other in Traditional Monitoring (TM), randomized by payment for one or the other methodology
by their Medical Insurance
Methods: Retrospective analysis of 103 patients INR tested with POC
technology (Coaguchek XSPro Roche Diagnostics), and 103 patients
with traditional test TCOAG TriniCLOT PT HTF human thromboplastine (ISI near 1.1) and Automated Autoanalyzer (Tcoag) Destiny
Plus, from January 2014 to December 2014. Percentage of visit in
range (Traditional INR %) and Time in Therapeutic Range (TTR)
(Rosendaal Method for % INR in range method which INR-specific
person-time is calculated by incorporating the frequency of INR measurements and their actual values, and assuming that changes between
consecutive INR measurements are linear over time) were calculated.
Results: TM populations (TMP) shows: TTR: 55.45% vs. POC population (POCP) TTR:62.57% (TMP: Total average days in range156.02,
Total average days of follow up 281.32; POCP 185.06 Total average
days in range Total average days of follow up 295.78) (P 0.006) and
TMP % visit in range 52.85% vs. POCP 62.07% visit in range (P
0.001).
Conclusion: Probably POC technology (reducing preanalytic and analytic variables) could be an alternative to improve INR test quality,
making safer and comfortable traditional treatment with vitamin K
antagonist. We think its a valid alternative in all circunstances where
OACs cant be used.
PO617-TUE
Comparison of risk factors for warfarin-associated
bleeding
Ozgenel M1, Umit E1, Turan N2 and Demir M1
1
Hematology; 2Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya
University, Edirne Turkey, Edirne, Turkey
Background: Warfarin is the most commonly used oral agent for long
term anticoagulation. Nevertheless, bleeding is the most frequent side
effect of warfarin, thereby restricting its use. Risk factors for bleeding
include age (65 and over), concomitant diseases, use of medicines, previous history of stroke or bleeding.
Aims: We aimed to evaluate the risk of bleeding in patients with warfarin associated bleeding and in patients under warfarin without bleeding.
Methods: 100 patients with bleeding under warfarin and 101 patients
who has been monitored for international normalization ratio in our
outpatient clinic were enrolled in the study. Data were statistically
analyzed.
Results: There was no difference between two groups regarding age,
gender, comorbidities and medications. The prevalence of bleeding
was observed to be 2.8 fold more in patients who are 65 years or over
while 5.6 fold more in patients with concomitant disease. History of
ABSTRACTS
stroke was observed to increase major bleeding 3.2 fold. In the bleeding under warfarin group, 5 patients (5%) had INR levels 2.03.0,
while 15 (15%) had 3.015.0, 32 (32%) had 5.0110 and 43 (43%) had
over 10. In the nonbleeding group 48 patients (48%) had levels of INR
(< 2.0), 40 (39%) had 2.03.0 and 11 (11%) had INR levels 3.015.0.
We have also observed that lack of education for medications may be
a risk factor and patients may be under risk in the first 3-months of
medication. Regular monitoring of international normalization ratio
in a certain center may decrease the risk while bleeding was more frequently observed in patients who have been followed up by cardiologists.
Conclusion: Older patients under warfarin should be educated and
monitored on a regular basis for uncalled-for high INR levels and
related complications. Patients taking warfarin and physicians prescribing warfarin should be cautious about these issues until new oral
anticoagulants without restrictions of warfarin are developed.
PO618-TUE
Expanding telemedicine to medical homes for
comprehensive care delivery for persons with
hemostatic disorders: a pilot study of the American
thrombosis and hemostasis network (ATHN)/national
hemophilia program coordinating center (NHPCC)
Kulkarni R1, Malouin RA2, Vallad-Hix C3, Carlson L1, Bird M1,
Aschman D4, Forsberg A4, Trost Z1 and Greenhoe R3
1
Michigan State University; 2Michigan State Univeristy, East
Lansing; 3Portage Health Pediatrics, Upper Great Lakes Family
Health Center, Hancock; 4American Thrombosis and Hemostasis
Network, Riverwood, USA
Background: Telemedicine (TM) is the exchange of medical information from one site to another via electronic communications to
improve patients health status. Limited data exists about TM usage
by hemophilia treatment center to deliver comprehensive care, to
remote pediatric patients with hemostatic disorder.
Aims: To assess feasibility of telemedicine between specialists and medical home for children with hemostatic disorders, acceptability by
patients, families, primary care physicians, primary care staff, specialist physicians, and specialist staff and cost of telemedicine visits vs. traditional visits.
Methods: TM site was the pediatricians office at the Upper Great
Lakes Family Health Center in Hancock/Houghton, MI, and 500
miles from Michigan State University (MSU) Center for Bleeding and
Clotting Disorders (MSU CBCD). VidyoTM, a synchronous HIPAA
regulated bidirectional videoconferencing technology was used.
Records of patient visits diagnosis, travel distance time and costs, and
interviews with physician staff and families were obtained. Measurable
objectives included feasibility, acceptability and cost of TM.
Results: Beginning June 2014, a total of 13 visits by 10 patients, ages
2 weeks16 years and their families were seen via monthly TM.
Besides bleeding disorders, such as epistaxis, menorrhagia, von Willebrands disease etc., other hematologic disorders were also seen. Eleven
family members were tested. Patients incurred considerable cost savings by obtaining care locally instead of flying (cost $1770) or driving
(cost $1158) to MSU CBCD. The MSU CBCD team also incurred significant cost savings. Patients, families and providers expressed satisfaction with the services. Besides education of medical home
providers, technology issues were also addressed.
Conclusion: TM with medical home in remote areas is feasible and
acceptable. Besides satisfaction with the services and there was considerable cost savings for both patients as well as the comprehensive care
treatment team.
731
PO619-TUE
Anticoagulation reversal in warfarin-associated
intracerebral hemorrhage: a systematic review
Ko D1, Razouki Z2 and Hylek EM1
1
Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine,
Boston; 2Department of Health Service Research and
Development, Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, USA
Background: Guidelines recommend therapy to replace vitamin Kdependent factors and correct the INR in warfarin-associated intracerebral hemorrhage (WA-ICH). These guidelines are based on limited
data and the effect of this intervention on functional outcomes is
unknown.Aims: To systematically review published studies on warfarin reversal in WA-ICH and assess clinical outcomes
Methods: We used the MESH terms anticoagulant, warfarin, intracranial hemorrhage, and cerebral hemorrhage on Medline to search for
articles through March 31, 2013. Of 845 articles identified, 134
abstracts were selected by two independent MD reviewers, and 59 articles for full review. Bibliographies were additionally searched and
yielded one additional study. Thirteen studies met criteria for inclusion.
Results: All studies were retrospective and observational in design, and
11 were from a single center. There were no randomized trials. The
reversal agents used varied and included fresh frozen plasma, vitamin
K, recombinant factor VIIa, and prothrombin complex concentrate.
Doses administered and times to intervention were not uniform. Nine
of the 13 studies enrolled fewer than 60 patients, and 8 studies included
functional outcome as an endpoint. Definitions of eligibility, disability,
and time points for assessment of both functional outcome and mortality varied across studies. When reported, nearly one third of
patients were excluded due to comatose state upon arrival. No reversal
agent was shown to consistently improve neurological outcomes.
Conclusion: Despite availability of warfarin reversal agents, WA-ICH
remains a highly fatal adverse event. Late patient presentation and
time to treatment are contributing factors. Confounding by treatment,
small sample sizes, and differences in inclusion criteria, dose, timing,
and endpoint definition limit summary interpretation of published
data. Given the high morbidity and mortality, prevention through risk
modification remains critical in reducing this warfarin-related complication.
Disclosure of Interest: D. Ko: None declared, Z. Razouki: None
declared, E. Hylek Consultant for: Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Daiichi Sankyo, Janssen, Pfizer, Roche, and Medtronics.
PO620-TUE
The QUA-VKA study to identify new risk factors for
bleeding during treatment with vitamin K antagonists:
objectives and design
Van Rein N1,2, Bos MH1,2, Lijfering WM1,2,3, van der Meer FJ1
and Reitsma PH1,2
1
Department of Thrombosis and Hemostasis; 2Einthoven
Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine; 3Department of
The Netherlands
Background: Patients who use vitamin K antagonists (VKA) are at
increased risk of bleeding. Reported prediction scores for major bleeds
perform modestly, necessitating the need for new predictors in this
patient group.
Aims: The QUA-VKA prospective cohort study aims to identify new
risk factors that contribute to the prediction of bleedings in patients
who start VKA treatment. Here, we delineate the objectives of the
study, principal methodological features, and timeline.
732
ABSTRACTS
Methods: All patients starting VKA treatment at three Dutch anticoagulation clinics between January 1st, 2012 and July 1st, 2014 were
included according to an opt-out procedure that was approved by the
local medical ethical committee. Leftover plasma following analysis of
the international normalized ratio was stored, and patients were followed until a major bleed, end of VKA treatment, death, or the end of
the study (31 December 2014), whichever occurred first.
Results: Of 16,278 consecutive patients who started VKA treatment,
136 (1%) patients opted out, leaving 16,142 included patients. We
obtained plasma from 13,528 patients (84%) as logistic complications
prevented plasma collection for 2614 (16%) patients. 8545 Patients
were male (52%), with a mean age of 70 years (SD 14) and the INR
target range was 2.53.5 in 14,807 patients (91%). Preliminary results
from two anticoagulation clinics showed that 306 major bleeds
occurred during 15,188 years of follow-up (incidence rate 2.02/100
person years, 95% CI 1.802.25), of which 121 (incidence rate 3.84/
100 person years, 95% CI 3.204.57) and 156 (incidence rate 2.66/100
person years, 95% CI 2.263.10) occurred during the first 3 and
6 months of VKA treatment respectively.
Conclusion: Long-term biological sample storage will allow for the
investigation of biomarkers that may predict bleeding and other diseases. The coagulation factors VIII and von Willebrand factor are currently analyzed, and their association with major bleeds during VKA
treatment will be available at the time of the ISTH2015.
PO621-TUE
Assessment of the time in therapeutic range in patients
with atrial fibrillation treated with vitamin K
antagonists by specialists in haemostasis in Argentina:
the TERRA registry
Ceresetto JM1, Bottaro F2, Casey M3, Marti A4, Tajer C5 and on
behalf of the TERRA Trial Investigators
1
Haematology; 2Internal Medicine, Hospital Britanico;
3
Haematology, Sanatorio Fleny, Buenos Aires; 4Haematology;
5
Cardiology, Hospital El Cruce, Florencio Varela,Argentina
Background: Vitamin K antagonists (VKA) should be monitored by
the time in therapeutic range (TTR) which evaluates the percent of
time that a patient remains in the targeted INR. In non valvular atrial
fibrillation (NVAF) a low TTR (< 60%) has been associated with
increasing risk of stroke, bleeding and death. Although some Latin
America registries showed a low TTR (44%) in the region, there is no
data available about the quality of anticoagulation in our country.
Aims: To assess the TTR in a multicenter network of patients with
NVAF treated with VKA in Argentina.
Methods: The TERRA trial is a multicenter, observational study
involving 14 anticoagulation clinics. Both private and public institutions recruited prospectively the first 100 consecutive patients with
NVAF treated with VKA for at least 1 year. The INR was retrieved
from controls and TTR calculated (Rosendaal method). The first
3 months of treatment with VKA were excluded from the analysis.
Results: One thousand and hundred and ninety patients were included
in the analysis. Mean age was 75 9.9 years, 52% were male. Mean
TTR was 66.6 19.4% (median 67.5%, IQI 5480). Inter institution
variability was marked, range 58 17% to 88 17%, P < 0.001. In
all, 34% of the patients had a TTR < 60% and 20% a TTR < 50%.
Age > 80 years, female sex and use of acenocumarol did not correlate
with a low TTR. If the targeted INR would have been between 1.9 and
3.1, median TTR would have been 74.5%.
Conclusion: (i) Mean TTR in patients with AF treated with VKA in
this multicenter network of Argentinean Haemostasis specialists was
high and similar to some recent international therapeutic clinical trials
(5565%), indicating that high-quality anticoagulation with VKAs is
possible in Latin America. (ii) Even with this level of excellence one
third of patients exhibited a TTR below 60% and might be candidates

for an alternative management. (iii) The addition of TTR to clinical
practice may help to improve the results of oral anticoagulation in
patients with AF.
PO622-TUE
Results from the prospective Farmamico study: INR
variations in warfarin-treated patients undergoing
analgesic and anti-inflammatory therapies
Falanga A1, Milesi V1, Martini G2, Bettoni D3, Russo L1,
Gualandris F1 and Brognoli F2
1
Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine, Hospital Papa
Giovannii XXIII, Bergamo; 2Laboratory of Hemostasis Centre;
3
Department of Internal Pharmacy, Hospital Spedali Civili,
Brescia, Italy
Background: FARMAMICO is a prospective study of pharmacovigilance involving 7 Italian centers, aimed to evaluate all interactions of
oral anticoagulant therapy with other drugs and remedies.
Aims: In a sub-group of patients on warfarin, we evaluated the association between INR variations or adverse events with the use of analgesics or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID).
Methods: Two thousand and three hundred and seventy patients (1415
cases and 955 controls) from 2 centers (Bergamo and Brescia) from
July 2009 to September 2014 entered the study. After adding a new
medication, we defined as case an INR variation 1 above or below
the target range and as a control an INR variation < 1. Patients filled
self-reporting questionnaires on concomitant drugs. To investigate the
association between analgesics (i.e. paracetamol) or NSAID (i.e. ibuprofen) and the INR variation or adverse event, the Relative Risk
(RR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) was estimated, first crudely and then adjusted for age and sex.
Results: 9.2% (130/1415) of patients on concomitant analgesics or
NSAID showed 1 INR variations. Among them 70.7% had an INR
above the therapeutic range, with a 15.4% of them with INR > 6. A
5.4% of total patients had instead an INR reduction. Analysis according to the drug classes showed that 56.3% of patients taking paracetamol had a 1 INR variations compared to 20.2% of patients taking
ibuprofen. These latter had a 5 fold lower risk of INR variation compared to patients taking paracetamol [RR: 0.2 (95% CI: 0.110.36)].
This result is statistically significant and persists after adjustment for
age and sex. Only one patient, during paracetamol, reported an
adverse event (minor bleeding).
Conclusion: Our analysis show that paracetamol, considered the first
choice analgesic for anticoagulated patients, enhances the anticoagulant effect of warfarin, while the anti-inflammatory drug ibuprofen
seems to be safer in these subjects. It is advisable INR monitoring after
few days from paracetamol introduction and for the first 2 weeks.
ABSTRACTS
733
PO623-TUE
Use of proton pump inhibitors among anticoagulated
patients: the Michigan anticoagulation quality
improvement initiative (MAQI2) experience
PO624-TUE
What bleedings predict HAS-BLED and
HEMORR2HAGES scales in patients on long-term
warfarin therapy?
Barnes GD1, Kurlander JE2, Gu X2, Haymart K2, Kline-Rogers E2,

Almany S3, Kozlowski J4, Krol GD5, Kaatz S6, Saini SD7 and
Froehlich JB1
1
Cardiology; 2Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann
Arbor; 3Cardiology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak;
4
Cardiology, Huron Valley Sinai, Commerce; 5Internal Medicine,
Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit; 6Internal Medicine, Hurley Medical
Center, Flint; 7Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann
Arbor, USA
Moreva O, Kropacheva E, Zemlyanskaya O, Titaeva E,

Dobrovolsky A and Panchenko E
Russian Cardiology Research and Production Center, Moscow,
Russia
Background: A multi-society (ACC/AHA/ACG) consensus group has

recommended the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in anticoagulated patients at increased risk for gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB).
Aims: To assess the prevalence and predictors of PPI use among new
warfarin patients.
Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of new warfarin
patients referred to 7 anticoagulation clinics in Michigan, USA, from
10/2009 to 12/2014 as part of the IRB approved Blue Cross Blue
Shield of Michigan-sponsored Michigan Anticoagulation Quality
Improvement Initiative. Medications and labs were collected at clinic
enrollment. Unadjusted rates of PPI use were calculated, with stratification by risk category. Logistic regression and Cochran-Armitage
Trend tests were used to assess predictors and trends in PPI use.
Results: Among 9468 new warfarin patients, 2746 (29%) were on PPIs,
of whom 1424 (51.9%) had an indication for PPI prophylaxis by consensus recommendations. Among warfarin patients, PPIs were used by
59.3% of patients with a prior GIB, 48.1% of patients on glucocorticoids, 32.4% of patients on thienopyridines, and 31.0% of patients on
aspirin. Overall, PPI use increased from 23.1% in 2009 to 31.7% in
2014 (P < 0.001). Recommendation-adherent PPI use increased from
24.2% in 2009 to 34.8% in 2014 (P = 0.001). Patients on PPIs were
older (66.0 14.2 vs. 63.5 16.0), more often female (52.7% vs.
46.4%), and had higher HAS-BLED scores (3.0 1.3 vs. 2.6 1.3)
and lower hemoglobin levels (11.5 2.1 vs. 12.1 2.2 g dL1), all
P < 0.001. In adjusted analyses, prior GIB (OR 3.55, P < 0.001), glucocorticoid use (OR 2.41, P < 0.001), female gender (1.32, P < 0.001),
aspirin use (OR 1.21, P < 0.001), and year of warfarin initiation (OR
1.06, P < 0.001) predicted PPI use.
Conclusion: In this large, multicenter study of patients referred to anticoagulation clinics, most patients at risk for GIB were not taking PPIs.
Anticoagulation clinics may present an important opportunity for
improving GIB prevention efforts.
Disclosure of Interest: G. Barnes: None declared, J. Kurlander: None
declared, X. Gu: None declared, K. Haymart: None declared, E.
Kline-Rogers Consultant for: American College of Cardiology, Anticoagulation Forum, Janssen, S. Almany Shareholder of: BioStar Ventures, Grant/Research Support from: Atritech, Consultant for: Onset,
Micardia, Kona, J. Kozlowski: None declared, G. Krol: None
declared, S. Kaatz Grant/Research Support from: Boehringer-Ingelheim, Bristol Myer Squibb, Bayer, NIH, Canadian Institute of Health
Research, Consultant for: Sanofi-Aventis, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Bristol Myer Squibb, Pfizer, Johnson and Johnson, Johnson/OrthoMcNeil, Speaker Bureau of: Boehringer-Ingelheim, Sanofi-Aventis,
GlaxoSmithKline, S. Saini: None declared, J. Froehlich Grant/
Research Support from: Sanofi-Aventis, Blue Cross Blue Shield of
Michigan, Mardigian Foundation, Fibromuscular Disease Society of
America, Consultant for: Sanofi-Aventis, Ortho-McNeil, Merck.
Background: Application of warfarin (W) is complicated because of

bleedings (Bl) especially at the beginning of the treatment. HASBLED and HEMORR2HAGES scales are recommended for an
assessment of bleeding risk.
Aims: To estimate whether HAS-BLED and HEMORR2HAGES
scales predict single and recurrent Bl during long-term W therapy.
Methods: Our retro-prospective study involved 119 pts (72 males),
aged 60.9 9.6 years with atrial fibrillation or venous thromboembolism. Pts were followed at coagulation clinic. INR was measured
monthly (TTR > 60%). Follow up period was 5.6 3.4 years. All Bl
were categorized as (i) single Bl with INR > 4.0 during first month of
therapy; (ii) single Bl any time after first month of treatment and (iii)
recurrent Bl. All pts were matched for HAS-BLED, HEMORR2HAGES scales. Analysis of CYP2C9 and VKORC1
(G3673A) genotypic variations was performed with PCR in all pts.
Results: In our investigation 39.5% pts (n = 47) had haemorrhagic
complications, where 8 pts (17%) had single Bl with INR > 4.0 during
first month of therapy, 12 pts (25.5%) had single Bl any time after first
month of treatment and 27 pts (57.5%) had recurrent Bl. Pts with high
risk of HAS-BLED and HEMORR2HAGES scales have significantly
more often recurrent Bl (P = 0.0048; P = 0.018 accordingly), than pts
with low risk of scales on the above. Correlation between all Bl complications, a single Bl with INR > 4.0 during first month of therapy,
single Bl any time after first month of treatment and total score of
HAS-BLED, HEMORR2HAGES scales was not found. Carriers of
the allelic variants of VKORC1 and CYP2C9 (T/T or 2*/2*, 2*/3*, 3*/
3* or combination of them) significantly more often have single Bl
with INR > 4.0 during first month of therapy (P = 0.011).
Conclusion: In our study HAS-BLED and HEMORR2HAGES scales
performed best in predicting recurrent Bl in pts on long term W therapy. Single Bl with INR > 4.0 during the 1st month of W therapy is
associated with reduced warfarin metabolism (AA VKORC1 or/and
allelic variants 2*/2*, 2*/3*, 3*/3* CYP2C9).
PO625-TUE
Vitamin K antagonists favorably modulate fibrin clot
properties in patients with atrial fibrillation as early as
after 3 days of treatment: relation to coagulation
factors and thrombin generation
Zabczyk M1, Majewski J2, Karkowski G2 and Undas A1
1
Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College
and John Paul II Hospital; 2Department of Electrocardiology,
Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College
w, Poland
and John Paul II Hospital, Krako
Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) increases the risk of thromboembolism that is reduced by vitamin K antagonists (VKAs).
Aims: We sought to investigate changes in plasma fibrin clot phenotype at the onset of oral anticoagulation.
Methods: We studied 40 consecutive AF patients (aged 4583 years,
CHA2DS2-VASc score 3.0 1.5) who started therapy with warfarin
or acenocoumarol. Tissue Factor (TF)-based plasma fibrin clot permeability (Ks), clot lysis time (CLT), along with clotting factors (F),
thrombin generation (TG) profiles, protein C (PC), and fibrin clot
734
ABSTRACTS
morphology detected by a confocal microscopy were determined on

days 3, 5, 7, 28, and 56 1 since the first dose.
Results: AF patients had 16% higher Ks and 15% shorter CLT as
early as on day 3 of VKA therapy compared with the baseline (both
P < 0.001), reaching the plateau values on day 7 and 5, respectively.
Confocal microscopy confirmed VKA-induced alterations to plasma
fibrin clots. Ks, but not CLT was associated with TG parameters from
the 5th day of the therapy. There were no associations between
CHA2DS2-VASc score and Ks or CLT at any time point. On days 28
and 56 there were inverse correlations of Ks with VK-dependent factors, while CLT correlated with FII, FVII, and FX only on day 56.
Interestingly, FIX levels were the strongest determinants of Ks. Higher
Ks values on days 1 and 3 were associated with further stable anticoagulation.
Conclusion: In conclusion, plasma clot density and lysis in AF patients
are favorably modified as early as after 3 days of VKA administration,
which might contribute to the antithrombotic effectiveness.
PO626-TUE
Prevalence of anemia in patients under treatment with
vitamin K antagonists
Sampaio M1, Faria M1, Moreira L1, Spinola A1, Leite F1,2,3,
Cruz E1,4 and Campos M1
1
Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Clinical Hematology Unit,
nio - Centro Hospitalar Do Porto; 2UMIB/
Hospital Santo Anto
ICBAS Unit for multidisciplinary Investigation in Biomedicine,
Instituto de Ciências Biom
edicas Abel Salazar, University of
Porto; 3Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine of
University of Porto; 4Basic and Clinical Research on Iron Biology,
IBMC Institute for Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of
Porto, Porto, Portugal
Background: The use of vitamin K antagonist (VKA) is associated
with bleeding events. Anemia often seen in these patients can be due to
minor occult bleedings.
Aims: To evaluate the prevalence of anemia in patients under VKA.
Methods: Blood count and iron kinetics were measured. International
normalized ratio (INR) and time on therapeutic range (TTR) were
assessed. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin (Hg) value 13 g dL1
in men and 12 g dL1 in women. MannWhitney tests were used to
compare continuous variables and Pearson v2 test for categorical variables.
Results: Two hundred and fifty-two patients were included in the
study, 120 (47.6%) men and 132 (52.4%) women, with a median age
of 72 years-old (range 6279). All were in anticoagulation therapy for
at least one year.45.6% of them were anticoagulated due to atrial
fibrillation. Overall prevalence of anemia was 23.4%(n = 59), 24.2%
(n = 29) in men and 22.7% (n = 30) in women. No statistically significance differences were seen between anemic and non-anemic patients
regarding gender. Ferritin (P = 0.001) and transferrin saturation
(P = 0.001) were significantly lower in anemic men although between
normal range, suggesting other causes rather than iron deficit. Regarding age, anemic patients were elder men (P = 0.008), in contrast with
women in whom no statistically significant difference was observed. In
general, TTR was not inferior in anemic vs. non-anemic patients, neither in men nor in women.
Conclusion: Overall prevalence of anemia was in accordance with a
recent national population study (20.3%). Age seemed to not influence
the prevalence of anemia on our population studied except for older
men. Lower TTR is not a determinant of development of anemia. Anemic patients under VKA present lower normal iron kinetics thresholds
so other causes of anemia must be excluded.
von Willebrand Disease II

PO627-TUE
Genetic variations in exon 28 of von Willebrands
factor gene in Nigerian population
Ezigbo ED1, Ukaejiofo EO1 and Nwagha TU2
1
Medical Laboratory Science, University of Nigeria Enugu
Campus; 2Haematology and Immunology Department, University
Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria
Background: Although dysfunctions of von Willebrands factor
(VWF) are linked with many haemostatic disorders, little has been
done to investigate these disorders in Nigeria.
Aims: Our objective was to molecularly characterize the exon 28 of the
VWF gene in the three major ethnic groups of Nigeria.
Methods: We recruited 90 subjects, with 30 subjects from each of the
ethnic groups, 45 had a history of bleeding. Questions included those
used in the ZPMCB VWD and the bleeding scores were calculated
using the MCMDM-1 VWD scoring system. Platelet count, platelet
indices, coagulation profile; Prothrombin time (PT), activated partial
thromboplastin time (APTT), and FVIII: C activity were carried out.
Also, VWF: Ag level and VWF: CB activity was done. Data was analysed using Graph pad Prism software version 5.03. 30 samples were
sequenced . The Big Dye terminator chemistry was used to determine
the nucleotide sequences of VWF gene (exon 28), at ACGT. Inc., USA.
Results: The mean platelet count in control and index cases were
224.7 64.39, 222.4 61.88. Also VWF: Ag, and VWF: CB activity
differed significantly. Eight SNPs were identified, the SNPs rs216311,
rs1800383 and rs1800386 associated significantly with bleeding in
study subjects, with P value 0.05. rs1800386 occurred in all with
bleeding history, no ethnic variations were noted.
Table 1 Sequence Variations Identified in exon 28 of VWF gene in the
three major ethnic groups of Nigeria
SNP ID
rs216310
rs1800385
rs1800384
rs1800383
rs1800386
rs216311
rs216312
rs1800381
Ref.
Allele
Allele Change
Protein
position
Residue change
T
G
A
G
A
A
ACT?ACC
GTG?TTG
GCA?GCC
GAC?CAC
TAC?TGC
ACC?GCC
1547
1565
1555
1472
1584
1381
T [Thr]=T [Thr]
V [Val]=L [Leu]
A [Ala]=A [Ala]
D [Asp]=His [His]
Y [Tyr]=C [Cys]
T [Tyr]=A [Ala]
CCG?CCA
1337
P [Pro]=P [Pro]
Conclusion: This is the first population based study for VWD in Nigeria. The three SNPs that associated significantly with bleeding are not
pathogenic for VWD for our population. Studies are ongoing for full
sequencing VWF gene in Nigerian population
Disclosure of Interest: E. Ezigbo Grant/Research Support from: The
project described was partly supported by Award Number
1R24W008878 from the Fogarty International Centre, E. Ukaejiofo:
None declared, T. Nwagha: None declared.
PO628-TUE
Clinical features and types of von Willebrand disease
in women with menorrhagia referred to hematology
clinic of Kermanshah
Payandeh M
KUMS, Taleghani Hospital, Kermanshah, Iran
Background: Menorrhagia is the most common symptom that is experienced by women with bleeding disorders. von Willebrand disease
ABSTRACTS
(VWD) is the most common congenital human bleeding disorder that
is manifested as a quantitative deficiency in (VWF) or dysfunction of
this factor. VWD is more readily detected in women due to the presence of severe bleeding associated with menstrual cycles and childbirth.
Aims: The present study was carried out to find the frequency of
VWD, its types, and clinical features of the disease among women with
menorrhagia
Methods: The study comprised 482 women with menorrhagia. After
excluding patients with confounding factors, 56 (11.6%) patients were
evaluated for inherited bleeding disorders. For coagulation assays,
venous blood samples were collected in tubes containing 0.109 M
(3.2%) trisodium citrate in a ratio of 9 parts blood to 1 part anticoagulant and then centrifuged without delay at 1200 G for 15 min.
Results: Type 3 was the most frequent with a prevalence of 45.2% (14
out of 31), type 2 was the second prevalent type, 10 out of 31 (32.3%),
and finally there were 7 out of 31 women (22.5%) with type 1. The
assessment of blood loss during menstruation was done by checking
detailed history of pad/tampon changing. In 15/31 (48.38%) cases,
heavy blood loss, amounting to approximately more than
100 mL cycle1 was seen, whereas in the remaining 16/31 cases
(51.61%), there was moderate loss of blood. In type 3, presentation
was similar to patients with hemophilia having hemarthrosis (37.5%)
and hematomas (43.7%).
Conclusion: We detected 31 (55.3%) patients with VWD. Type 3 of
VWD was the most frequent subtype (45.2%) followed in frequency
by type 2 (32.3%), and type 1 (22.5%). our study indicated that menorrhagia can be the first symptom of VWD. Therefore, rare coagulation disorders should be considered in women with idiopathic
menorrhagia, particularly in regions with high rates of consanguinity.
PO629-TUE
A phase III open-label, multi-center study with a
plasma-derived von Willebrand factor/factor VIII
concentrate to assess the pharmacokinetics, efficacy,
and safety in pediatric subjects with von Willebrand
disease (SWIFTLY-VWD study)
Auerswald G1, Khayat C2, Stasyshyn O3, Iosova G4,
Ramasheuskaya I5, Ruano MJL6 and Seifert W7
1
Professor-Hess-Kinderklinik, Hospital Bremen-Mitte, Bremen,
Germany; 2Hemophilia Care Center, Hotel Dieu de France
Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon; 3Institute of Blood Pathology and
Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine,
Lviv, Ukraine; 4Institute for Haematology and Infusion, Tbilisi,
Georgia; 5Republican Scientific and Practical Centre of Children
Oncology and Haematology, Gomel, Belarus; 6Haematology,
Hospital Roosevelt, Guatemala, Guatemala; 7Clinical
with a von Willebrand Factor (VWF): factor VIII (FVIII) ratio of
2.4:1. The SWIFT (Studies with von Willebrand factor/Factor VIII)
program is evaluating this product in hemophilia A and VWD patients
in accordance with the European clinical and pediatric guidelines.
Aims: This study evaluated the Pharmacokinetics (PK), efficacy and
safety of a VWF/FVIII concentrate (Voncento, CSL Behring) in 17
pediatric subjects < 12 years with severe VWD who require treatment
of non-surgical bleeding (NSB) or who received it for prophylaxis.
Methods: PK included a single intravenous dose of 80 IU kg1 body
weight VWF:Ristocetin Cofactor (RCo) on Day 1 and 180. Thirteen
subjects received Voncento as on-demand therapy (n = 6: < 6 years;
n = 7: 612 years old; n = 6: type 2A; n = 7: type 3 VWD) and 4 sub 2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997
735
jects as prophylaxis therapy (n = 3: < 6 years of age; n = 1: 8 yearsold;

n = 3: type 3 VWD; type 2A VWD once) for 12 months.
Results: PK parameters for VWF:RCo, VWF:Antigen, and VWF:Collagen Binding were similar between age groups (< 6 vs. 612 years) in
the initial and repeat analyses. Excellent or good hemostatic efficacy
was reported by the investigator for all 80 NSB events in the ondemand arm. In the prophylaxis arm NSBs were reported with 100%
excellent or good efficacy treatment results. There were no relevant differences in the efficacy between subgroups by age or by VWD
type. Voncento was well tolerated. The adverse events seen were
mild-moderate and consistent with the safety profile for this product
in adults. There were no cases of anaphylactic reactions or angioedema, development of FVIII/VWF inhibitors, thromboembolic events, or
viral infectious disorders.
Conclusion: This contemporary comprehensive development program
evaluating Voncento across all ages demonstrates safety and efficacy
for treatment and prevention of bleeding in pediatric subjects with
severe VWD.
Disclosure of Interest: G. Auerswald: None declared, C. Khayat: None
declared, O. Stasyshyn: None declared, G. Iosova: None declared, I.
Ramasheuskaya: None declared, M. J. Lopez Ruano: None declared,
W. Seifert Employee of: CSL Behring.
PO630-TUE
von Willebrand disease and menorrhagia: multiple
treatment options for different patients
Kavakli K, Balkan C and Karapinar D
Department Hematology, Ege University Childrens Hospital,
Izmir, Turkey
Background: Menorrhagia is defined as heavy and prolonged bleeding
during the menstrual period without abnormal periodicity and a common problem in von Willebrand Disease (VWD). Management of this
condition has traditionally been responsibility of the hematologists.
Women with VWD frequently have menorrhagia and report lower
quality of life and absenteesim from school or work during menstruation.
Aims: In this report we evaluated menorrhagia issue among all patients
with vWD and related therapeutic options.
Methods: Ege University Childrens Hospital is the biggest center in
Turkey for bleeding disorders. We have 152 patients with VWD registered to our center (87 Female, 65 Male; mean age: 16 yr; range: 1.5
28). 111 of these patients are type-1 (73%), 25 type-2 (17%) and 16
type-3 (10%). Among 86 female VWD patients, 65 are type-1 (74%),
12 are type-2 (14%) and 10 are type-3 (12%).
Results: Among 87 female patients with vWD, 60 have menstrual
cycles (70%). 34 of them have menorrhagia (57%). 23 are type-1
(67%), 6 are type-2 (17%) and 5 are type-3 (15%). Frequency of menorrhagia was 50% in type-1, 67% in type-2 and 100% in type-3. Most
frequent treatment options were tranexamic acid (TA), desmopressin
(DDAVP) and VWF-containing factor VIII concentrates (vWFs) and
oral contraceptives (OC). Treatment modalities according to VWD
types; TA used in 9 Type-1 patients (with OC in 4 pts), DDAVP plus
TA used in 12 Type-1 pts (with OC in 2 pts), and 4 Type-2 pts. vWFs
plus TA used 2 pts with Type-1 (with OC in 1 pt), 2 pts with Type-2
and 5 pts with Type-3. OCs are used for 3 patients with vWD.
Conclusion: In conclusion, women with VWD frequently have menorrhagia problem and need for treatment. Severe or mild bleeding episodes can be controlled by different agents. Successful management of
VWD with menorrhagia requires the combined expertise of gynecologist and hematologist, most likely in specialized centers such as hemophilia treatment centers or expert university hospitals.
736
ABSTRACTS
PO631-TUE
Unexpected finding of low von willebrand factor levels
or von Willebrand disease in pediatric patients with
scoliosis
Castillo B1,2, Kate Hartman S1,2, Gorena M1,2, Wingate J1,2,
Hui S-KR1,2 and Teruya J1,2
1
Texas Childrens Hospital; 2Department of Pathology and
Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
Background: Patients with scoliosis have more blood loss during spinal
instrumentation than other pediatric surgical populations. We began
including platelet function analysis using PFA-100TM (PFA) to the routine preoperative coagulation testing (i.e. prothrombin time, activated
partial thromboplastin time, and fibrinogen assays) in hopes of optimizing pre- and intraoperative hemostasis, and thereby reducing blood
loss.
Aims: Demonstrate that, regardless of bleeding history, PFA has utility as a screening tool in pediatric scoliosis patients.
Methods: Abnormal PFA results were defined as closure times > 183 s
for collagen/epinephrine and/or > 126 s for collagen/ADP; upper limits were established from the mean 2 standard deviations of normal
donor samples. Abnormal PFA results led to a reflex von Willebrand
factor (vWF) panel. Low vWF and von Willebrand disease (vWD)
were defined as ristocetin cofactor activity 3050% and < 30%, respectively.
Results: Since initiation of PFA as part of the preoperative workup,
we screened 20 total patients and identified 4 cases (3 female, 1 male,
age range 612 years old) with abnormal PFA results. None of these 4
patients had a personal or family history of bleeding. Their scoliosis
diagnoses included neuromuscular (n = 2), secondary to trauma
(n = 1), and genetic etiology (n = 1). Two patients received anticonvulsants not reported to be associated with acquiredvWD. In two cases,
PFA closure time was prolonged in both agonists; the other two cases
showed prolongation in only one channel. By reflex testing, three were
consistent with low vWF and one with vWD; multimer analysis was
normal in all.
Conclusion: PFA screening followed by work up for vWD prior to scoliosis surgery identified 4 patients with low vWF/vWD, which was
unexpectedly high prevalence. Further studies are needed to determine
if there is association between low vWF/vWD and scoliosis and to
establish the utility of PFA in this patient population.
Disclosure of Interest: B. Castillo: None declared, S. K. Hartman:
None declared, M. Gorena: None Declared, J. Wingate: None
Declared, S.-K. Hui: None declared, J. Teruya Grant/Research Support from: Department of Defense, Consultant for: Novo Nordisk.
PO632-TUE
Percentage of platelet aggregates and macroplatelets:
a potential useful laboratory parameter for predicting
bleeding in von Willebrand disease type 2B (VWD2B)
with the P.VAL1361MET mutation
Guglielmone H1,2, Minoldo S1, Jarchum G1, Adams T3 and
DiPaola J3
1
Laboratorio de Hematologa, Sanatorio Allende; 2Departamento
de Bioqumica Clnica, Facultad de Ciencias Qumicas,
rdoba, Co
rdoba, Argentina; 3School
Universidad Nacional de Co
of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado,
Denver, USA
Background: VWD Type 2B is an autosomal dominant bleeding disorder caused by a gain-on-function mutation in the A1 domain of von
Willebrand factor (VWF). The bleeding phenotype observed in these
patients may be due to the combination of a low platelet count and the
presence of abnormal VWF.
Aims: We present here a large Argentinean family with VWD2B

caused by the p.Val1361Met mutation and macrothrombocytopenia
and propose a relationship between the percentage of macroplatelet
and platelet aggregates with bleeding score.
Methods: The percentage of macroplatelets was calculated on MayGr
unwald-Giemsa stained peripheral blood films in three different
blood samples from each patient by the same expert operator. Platelet
aggregates were quantified in the same way and arbitrarily separated
into three groups a) small aggregates containing 23 platelets, b) medium aggregated containing 46 platelets and c) large aggregates containing > 6 platelets.
Results: The percentage of macroplatelets in the index case and his
daughter were 35 and 37% when compared to other affected members
(his father and two brothers) that showed 19, 25 and 30% respectively.
Moreover, these two patients also showed a higher percentage of large
platelet aggregates when compared to the rest of the affected family
members. Interestingly, in a high percentage (> 75%) of platelet aggregates, small, medium or large, no macroplatelets were observed indicating a preference for normal size platelets to form aggregates. When
compared to the bleeding scores (ISTH-BAT), the patients with the
higher number of macroplatelets and aggregates exhibited higher
bleeding scores suggesting a direct correlation.
Conclusion: Our results in this family with VWD Type 2B due to
p.Val1361Met suggest that the percentage of macroplatelet and platelet aggregates are associated with increased bleeding tendency. Larger
studies in other families will be necessary to confirm these preliminary
findings.
PO633-TUE
Development of aplastic anemia in a patient with
acquired von Willebrands syndrome and autoimmune
preponderance
Gunawan A1, Moore GW2 and Madan B3
1
Haematology, Guys and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust;
2
Haemostasis and Thrombosis, Viapath LLP at Guys and St
Thomas Hospitals; 3Haemophilia Centre, Guys and St Thomas
NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
Background: This 77 year old lady was diagnosed to have inherited
mild von Willebrands Disease (VWD) type I at the age of 53 years
(heterozygous for an A>G substitution at nucleotide c.4138 of the von
Willebrands Factor gene). Clinically, she had a life-long history of
bruising and easy bleeding. There was also a strong family history of
myasthenia gravis (MG). Eighteen years later, she had worsening
spontaneous bruising. VWF parameters were much lower than baseline values and her VWF:RCo inhibitor assay was positive. She was
diagnosed additionally to have Acquired von Willebrands Syndrome
(AVWS) as well as Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS). Her AVWS was managed with good response to
monthly intravenous immunoglobulin and her paraprotein remained
stable. In Sept 2014 she began developing mild pancytopaenia associated with worsening bruising. Over the next few weeks this evolved
into frank pancytopaenia with haemoglobin of 82 g L1, WBC
1.4 9 109 L1, neutrophils 0.4 9 109 L1, and platelets of
8 9 109 L1.
Aims: This report highlights an autoimmune predisposition in this
patient whose management of AVWS was complicated by multiple
autoimmune conditions.
Methods: Standard analytical methods for the conditions described
were performed.
Results: She had persistent lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin
antibodies throughout. Furthermore, she had persistent acetylcholine
receptor antibodies without signs of MG. There was laboratory evidence of both inherited and acquired VWS. Her paraprotein was
ABSTRACTS
8 g L1 (IgG kappa). Her bone marrowwas markedly acellular with
plasma cell neoplasia (10% of disease burden). She was also found to
have a PNH clone by peripheral blood flow cytometry.
Conclusion: As reported before, this patient is likely to be the first
patient who developed AVWS on the background of MGUS and
inherited VWD. To our knowledge, this is the first report of aplastic
anemia development in a patient with AVWS and a strong autoimmune preponderance.
PO634-TUE
Relationship between bleeding tendency and the
affected domain with mutations responsible of
VWD2M phenotype
Woods A1, Kempfer AC1, Paiva J2, Blanco A2, Chuit R3,
Casinelli MM2, Sanchez-Luceros A1,2 and Lazzari MA1
1
Laboratorio de Hemostasia y Trombosis, IMEX-CONICETAcademia Nacional de Medicina; 2Hemostasia y Trombosis,
Instituto De Investigaciones Hematologicas; 3Epidemiologia,
Instituto de Investigaciones Epidemiologicas, Ciudad Autonoma
de Buenos Aires, Argentina
Background: Type 2M von Willebrand disease (VWD2M) is characterized by VWF:RCo/VWF:Ag < 0.6, and normal multimers. Mutations
(Mt) are mainly in the A1 domain (A1), and, in a minor extent, in the
A2. Variable bleeding tendency is common in patients (P)
Aims: To correlate bleeding tendency with Mt location within affected
members (AFM) in families (F), and determine the Mt penetrance and
VWD prevalence (Pr) within F with 2 generations (G).
Methods: Bleeding score (BS), major bleeding (MB), bleeding time
(BT) (min), factor VIII (FVIII) and VWF (IU dL1), propeptide/
VWF:Ag (VWFpp ratio). We selected 9F; n = 66; AFM=44 (66.6%)
Results: A1 Mt: F = 5 (n = 28); AFM=20. Diagnosis age: females
(fem): median (md)=17 yr; males: md=11 yr. P with MB=30%. P with
abnormal BS=66.6%; fem=72.7%; males=57%. p.F1293C: 1F; n = 2;
1G; AFM=100%; p.R1374C: 3F; n = 20; 2 and 3G; AFM=70%
p.A1437T: 1F; n = 6; 3G; AFM=66.6%. BT=9.2 4; FVIII=51 23;
VWF:Ag=26 11;
VWF:RCo=7.2 4.5;
VWFpp=2.7 0.6.
Pr=69.2%, with no differences between Mt.
A2 Mt: F = 4 (n = 38), AFM=24. Diagnosis age: fem: md=20 yr;
males: md=12 yr. P with MB=41.6%. P with abnormal BS=66.6%;
fem=82%; males=54%. p.L1503P: 1F; n = 4; 3G; AFM=50%;
p.E1549K: 1F; n = 28; 4G; AFM=64.3%; p.R1564W: 1F; n = 2; 1G;
AFM=50%; p.I1628T: 1F; n = 4; 2G; AFM=75%. BT=8.2 3.3;
FVIII=55 22;
VWF:Ag=59 21;
VWF:RCo=7.9 6.5;
VWFpp=1.5 0.7. Pr=63.8%, with no differences within Mt
Conclusion: P from A1 group Mt showed low VWF:Ag and high
VWFpp ratio (p = 0.000 respectively) suggesting shortened VWF survival; so, it is important to make the VWFpp in P, in order to know if
use of low purity blood concentrates is required. Despite the shorter
VWF survival, these P did not show more severe clinical symptoms
than those from A2 group. In A2 group there were more P with MB,
but not significant (P=ns; RR=1.2). BT, FVIII, and VWF:RCo did not
show differences between A1 and A2 group P. Both A1 and A2 Mt
were present in all G, showing complete penetrance, making mandatory the family study. Prevalence of VWD2M in A1 group is higher,
but not significant.
737
PO635-TUE
Characterization of von Willebrand disease subtypes in
303 patients a single centre study over the past
10 years
Pathare A, Al Falahi K, Al-Belushi B, Al Zadjali S and Alkindi S
Department of Haematology, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat,
Oman
Background: Diagnosis of vWD can be complicated by the fact that
vWF is an acute phase reaction protein and hence accurate classification of VWD requires the appropriate and critical evaluation with correlation of several laboratory tests.
Aims: To characterize the vWD subtypes diagnosed at the Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (Muscat, Oman).
Methods: Patients referred to our center for VWD work up from 2004
through 2014 were included in this study and have been characterized
using the current ISTH subcommittee guidelines (JTH, 2006; 4: 2103).
Laboratory diagnosis of VWD was made by FVIII:C assay [chromogenic method], VWF antigen (VWF:Ag), VWF ristocetin cofactor,
VWF Collagen binding activity, VWF factor VIII binding activity,
ristocetin induced platelet agglutination and multimer analysis. A cut
off of < 0.6 in the VWF: RCo/Ag ratio and VIII/vWF:Ag ratio was
used to differentiate type 1 VWD from type 2 and to characterize type
2N respectively.
Results: A total of 303 VWD patients (n, [%]) were included in this
analysis showing the following distribution: type 1: 203 (67.0%); type
2A: 35 (11.5%); type 2B: 3 (0.9%); type 2M: 12 (4.2%); type 2N: 27
(8.8%); type 3: 23 (7.6%), total 303 (100%). In the Type II vWD
patients, there was variable clinical bleeding phenotype that was not
correlated with the measured factor levels. However, there was a good
correlation with multimer analysis and the vWF type 2 subtype. The
mean levels of F:VIII:C, vWF:Ag, vWF:RiCoF, vWF:CBA in the 2A,
were 0.57, 0.42, 0.24, 0.21 u mL1 respectively, in the 2 M they were
0.72, 0.61, 0.18, 0.43 l mL1 respectively, in the 2N they were 0.32,
0.79, 0.71, 0.78 u mL1 respectively.
Conclusion: vWF factor levels were poor predictors of the clinical
bleeding phenotype in Type II vWD patients, in contrast to type III
vWD patients. However, in Type 1 vWD patients, low levels of vWF
factor levels correlated well with the incident bleeding diathesis. Overall, there was a better correlation with multimers /triplet structure and
the vWD subtypes.
PO636-TUE
VWD2B phenotype: its prevalence within families and
bleeding tendency in affected members
Woods A1, Kempfer AC1, Paiva J2, Bermejo E2, Blanco A2,
Chuit R3, Sanchez-Luceros A1 and Lazzari MA1
1
Laboratorio de Hemostasia y Trombosis, IMEX-CONICETAcademia Nacional de Medicina; 2Hemostasia y Trombosis,
Instituto De Investigaciones Hematologicas, Academia Nacional
de Medicina; 3Epidemiologia, Instituto De Investigaciones
Epidemiologicas, Academia Nacional de Medicina, Ciudad
Autonoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
Background: von Willebrand disease type 2B (VWD2B) is characterized by gain-of function mutations (Mt), low platelet count (PC), ristocetin induced platelet aggregation at low concentration (RIPA).
Aims: To correlate bleeding tendency in affected members (AFM) in
families (F), and also determine Mt penetrance and VWD prevalence
(Pr) in F with 2 generations (G).
Methods: We have 12F, with 36M (AFM=28). Bleeding score (BS),
major bleeding (MB), PC (9109 L1), bleeding time (BT) (min), VWF
738
ABSTRACTS
(IU dL1), lower RIPA concentration (mg mL1), VWFpp/VWF:Ag

(VWFpp).
Results: Following Mt were described: p.R1304V: atypical
VWD2B = 1F; n = 3; 2G; AFM=3; AFM with: abnormal BS=66.6%,
both normal PC and multimers=100%, RIPA 0.4 = 33.4%,
0.5 = 66.6%, MB = 33.3%.BT=7.7 2; VWF:Ag = 24 6.7; VWF:
RCo = 27 12; RCo/Ag = 1.1 0.2; VWFpp = 2.5 0.3 (normal
value=1.5 0.6); PC=192 26.Pr=100%. p.R1306W = 2F; n = 6;
3G; AFM = 5; AFM with abnormal BS = 100%, low PC and absence
HMWM = 100%, RIPA 0.5 = 66.6%, 0.7 = 33.3%, MB = 60%.BT =
7.2 1; VWF:Ag=53 14; VWF:RCo=43 16; RCo/Ag=0.8 0.2;
VWFpp=2.2 1.5; PC=90 41.Pr=83.3%. p.R1308C = 4F; n = 8;
2G; AFM = 7; AFM with abnormal BS = 28.6%, low PC = 29%,
absent HMWM = 100%, RIPA0.3 = 33.3%, 0.4 = 16.6%, 0.6 =
16.6%,
0.7 = 33.3%,
MB = 28.6%.
BT = 10 2;
VWF:
Ag = 54 21; VWF:RCo = 12 5.4;RCo/Ag = 0.2 0.1; VWFpp =
2 0.6; PC = 161 76.Pr = 100%. p.S1310F = 1F; n = 5; 2G;
AFM = 3; AFM with abnormal BS = 100%, low PC and absent
HMWM = 100%, RIPA0.4 = 66.6%, 0.7 = 33.4%, MB = 66.6%.T =
not done; VWF:Ag = 66 19; VWF:RCo=52 17; RCo/Ag=0.8
0.1; VWFpp = 2.1 0.2; PC = 66 63. Pr=100%. Parents without
Mt: probable de novo in all AFM. p.V1316M = 4F; n = 14; 3G;
AFM = 10; AFM with abnormal BS = 100%, low PC = 70%, absent
HMWM = 100%, RIPA0.3 = 37.5%, 0.5 = 50%, 0.7 = 12.5%,
MB = 60%.BT = 11 3; VWF:Ag = 51 20; VWF:RCo = 28
12;
RCo/Ag = 0.5 0.2;
VWFpp = 2.0 0.7;
PC = 119
108.Pr=77.8%. Parents without Mt: probable de novo in the AFM of
one F
Conclusion: A 45% of AFM showed VWFRCo/VWFAg > 0.6. MB
was related to PC: P = 0.034; likelihood ratio of +test=2.7; RR=2.66.
Presence of Mt in all G (complete penetrance) makes mandatory family study. Similar prevalence of VWD2B was seen in all F. Low PC
showed to be a risk factor of MB in VWD2B
PO637-TUE
von Willebrand disease (VWD), experience of Algeria
in beni messous center in Algiers
Bensadok M, Chennoukh K, Aboura C, Aribi M, Zidani N,
Belhani M and Nekkal MS
Hematology, Beni Messous University Hospital, Algiers, Algeria
Background: In algeria a big step was made for the coverage of the
hemophilia disease many things remains to make for the other bleeding disorders. In recent years the disease Willebrand is better known
and better taken care.
Aims: von Willebrand disease (VWD), experience of algeria in beni
messous center in algiers.
Methods: One hundred and seventy-one patients are attending in
algiers beni messous center, 105 (61%): female, 66 (39%):Male. 60
(35%) patients with sever VWD type 3 (50% female, 50% male) characterized by a severe quantitative defect and very low levels of both
vwf and fviii the symptoms are highly variable: nosobleeds, gumbleeds,
menorrhagia, metrorrhagia.
Results: VWD required special gynaecological and obstetric management, oral contraceptives can help to control the menstrtruation periods, 2 (type 3) patients received prophylactic treatment before
ovulation period the median dose administrated was 40 IU kg1, 6
patients with type 3 presented ovarian cyst ruptures, 12 pregnant
women (6 with VWD type 1, 6 with VWD type 3) required hospitalization, all patients type 3 required to cover (delivery or caesarean section), 2 patient presented bleeding in post partum were transfused with
packed RBCs. 4 received prophylaxis, the dosage and duration of
treatment were tailored to the type of procedures the dosages of VWF:
RCo administred per infusion (30 -60 IU kg1). 21 (13 TYPE 3, 8
TYPE (1) patients were treated to prevent bleending (3) surgical procedures were orthopedic (4) gynecological/obstetrical, (5) gastrointestinal, (4) skin surgery, (5) circoncisium. Co administration of fviii was
given with VFW for the first infusion in all cases median infusion dosage VFW (50 IU kg1), VFW were repeated as necessary, a larger
number of infusions required. 17 (type 3) patients received (short or
long term) prophylactic treatment before an exposure to situations
associated with a high risk of bleeding the median dose administrated
was 50 IU kg1.
Conclusion: Follow up patients with vwd should be performed in specialised centres in algeria many things remains to make.
PO638-TUE
Two unusual cases of type 2N von Willebrand disease
Bignell P1, Curry N2, Wright P1, Beavis J2, Henderson S1 and
Schuh A3
1
Molecular Haematology Department; 2Oxford Haemophilia and
Thrombosis Centre; 3BRC/NHS Oxford Molecular Diagnostics
Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK
Background: von Willebrands disease (VWD) is a heterogeneousdisorder caused by either quantitative (types 1 and 3 VWD) or qualitative
(type 2 VWD) abnormalities of von Willebrand factor (VWF). VWF
has two main haemostatic roles: as an adhesive protein anchoring
platelets to sub-endothelial components and as a carrier and stabiliser
of factor VIII (FVIII) in the circulation. The functions of VWF have
been located to specific domains. Regions essential for FVIII binding
reside in two regions of the VWF protein: the D (amino acids 769865
in pre-VWF) and D3 (amino acids 8661242 in pre-pro-VWF)
domains, encoded by exons 1827. Type 2N VWD refers to variants
that have a decreased affinity for FVIII.
Aims: This report describes the molecular defects underlying 2 families
with type 2N VWD.
Methods: DNA samples were sequenced on an ABI 3730 and analysed
using Mutation Surveyor a variant analysis software and Alumut a
variant interpretation software.
Results: Family 1: Index case: VWF:Ag 0.26 IU mL1, VWF:RCo
0.25 IU mL1, FVIII:C 0.11 IU mL1, VWF:FVIIIB < 20%. High
molecular weight multimers were unusually absent. Analysis of the
VWF gene sequence detected two novel mutations, in exon 19
(c.2546G>T, p.Cys849Phe) and intron 50 (c.8155 + 6T>A)
Family 2: Index case: VWF:Ag 0.39 IU mL1, VWF:RC
0.39 IU mL1, VWF:CBA 0.30 IU mL1, FVIII:C 0.29, VWD:
FVIIIB 18%. High molecular weight multimers were normal. Analysis
of the VWF gene sequence detected 2 mutations, a known mutation in
exon 24 (c.3159G>T, p.Glu1053His) and a novel mutation in exon 41
(c.6979T>A, Cys2327Ser)
Conclusion: Both families have atypical genetic mutations leading to
type 2N VWD. Typically, mutations are located either within the N
terminal D0 /D3 assembly FVIII binding region of VWF (> 95% of
cases) or at the furin cleavage site for removal of the VWF propeptide.
This report highlights that full VWD gene screening may be required
to explain the 2N VWD phenotype rather than only hotspot analysis.
ABSTRACTS
PO639-TUE
Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and healtheconomic assessment in patients with von Willebrand
disease in France: the WISH-QOL study
Borel-Derlon A1, Goudemand J2, Boyer-Neumann C3,
Fressinaud E4, Ternisien C5, Trossaert M5, Veyradier A6, WiSHQoL Study Group7, Martinez C8, Chatelanaz C8 and Von
Mackensen S9
1
Hemophilia Treatment Centre, Hospital Cote de Nacre, Caen;
2
Hematology Unit, Universit
e de Lille, Lille; 3Hematology
Laboratory, A. Beclere Hospital, Clamart; 4Inserm U1176,
Kremlin Bicêtre; 5Hemophilia Treatment Centre, Nantes;
6
Hematology Unit, Lariboisi
ere Hospital, Paris; 7French HTC;
8
LFB, Les Ulis, France; 9University Medical Centre, HamburgEppendorf, Germany
Background: VWD patients with bleeding phenotype, requiring treatment, have been estimated as about 100 cases per million persons.
VWD and its treatment impact on patients health-related quality of
life (HRQoL) and may affect the everyday life of their families.
Aims: The WISHQoL study aims to assess HRQoL in VWD patients
of any age and to evaluate associated costs related to VWD management.
Methods: The prospective cohort study will enrol at least 350 patients
with inherited VWD type 1 (VWF:Ag < 30%), type 2 and type 3 who
will be followed for 2 years.
Results: Clinical phenotype such as bleeding score (Tosetto score), biological profile and genotype will be documented. Patients are treated
with a Von Wilebrand factor devoid of Factor VIII. This WiSH-QoL
study is conducted with the French Reference Centre for von Willebrand Disease (CRMW). Patients will fill in a booklet collecting information on socio-demographic and resources consumption. Clinical
characteristics and therapeutic approach will be recorded. HRQoL is
assessed with the generic SF-36 (for adults) and the chronic-generic
DISABKIDS Short Form (for children and adolescents) and the
VWD-specific VWD-QoL (for adults, children and adolescents). In
addition treatment satisfaction is assessed. A proxy version of these
VWD-specific questionnaires (for parents) and the Impact on Family
(IOF) Scale are dedicated to caregivers of children with VWD. Special
attention will be given to specific clinical subgroups such as women
during the reproductive period etc. Thirty centres have accepted to
participate. After the first 4 months of enrolment, 17 patients have
been included.
Conclusion: With the results of the WiSH-QoL study, especially the
VWD-specific evaluation of HRQoL and treatment satisfaction a deeper insight into the patients real daily life, their perception of wellbeing and their specific health care needs will be gathered. This study
will provide an important contribution to HRQoL knowledge in
VWD patients and their families.
Disclosure of Interest: A. Borel-Derlon Grant/Research Support from:
LFB Biomedicaments, Les Ulis, France, J. GoudemandGrant/
Research Support from: LFB Biomedicaments, Les Ulis, France, C.
Boyer-Neumann Grant/Research Support from: LFB Biomedicaments, Les Ulis, France, E. Fressinaud Grant/Research Support from:
LFB Biomedicaments, Les Ulis, France, C. Ternisien Grant/Research
Support from: LFB Biomedicaments, Les Ulis, France, M. Trossaert
Grant/Research Support from: LFB Biomedicaments, Les Ulis,
France, A. Veyradier Grant/Research Support from: LFB Biomedicaments, Les Ulis, France, W.-Q. Study Group Grant/Research Support
from: LFB Biomedicaments, Les Ulis, France, C. Martinez Employee
of: LFB Biomedicaments, Les Ulis, France, C. Chatelanaz Employee
of: LFB Biomedicaments, Les Ulis, France, S. Von Mackensen Grant/
Research Support from: LFB Biomedicaments, Les Ulis, France
739
PO640-TUE
POor response to 1-desamino-8-D arginine
vasopressin (DDAVP) test in a patient with von
Willebrand disease type 2M (VWD2M) with
P.GLU1549LYS mutation
Guglielmone H1,2, Frontroh J3, Minoldo S1, Hepner M3,
Sabagh M4 and Jarchum G5
1
Laboratorio de Hematologa, Sanatorio Allende; 2Departamento
de Bioqumica Clnica, Facultad de Ciencias Qumicas,
rdoba, Co
rdoba; 3Laboratorio de
Universidad Nacional de Co
Hemostasia y Trombosis, Hospital de Pedriatria Prof. Juan
Garrahan, Buenos Aires; 4Laboratorio Central, Hospital San
rdoba,
Roque; 5Servicio de Hematologia, Sanatorio Allende, Co
Argentina
Background: Type 2 VWD is subdivided into categories (2A, 2B, 2N
and 2M) based on structural and functional abnormalities. Type 2M
VWD has been reported to show a variable response to DDAVP
depending on the mutation. In our country there is no information on
the response to DDAVP in patients with VWD2M.
Aims: To describe the phenotypical data of response to DDAVP test
in a patient with VWD2M which carries the mutation p.Glu1549Lys
in von Willebrand factor (VWF).
Methods: Patient was a 21 yo male who had prolonged bleeding after
tooth extractions and a lifelong history of easy bruising and epistaxis.
History was positive in his father and elder sister. Hematological
examination revealed a normal platelet count and prothrombin time
but a prolonged aPTT (47 s; normal range: 2637 s). Low VWF:RCo
activity but normal VWF:Ag were observed (0.30 and 0.53 IU mL1
respectively; normal values: 0.501.50 IU mL1). He also showed a
decreased
platelet
aggregation
induced
with
ristocetin
(1.25 mg mL1). DDAVP test (0.3 lg kg1 i.v.) was performed. Platelet count and levels of factor VIII, VWF:RCo and VWF:Ag were
determined before and 60 min after infusion. Direct sequence of exon
28 was carried out using genomic DNA.
Results: Before and 60 min after drug administration, platelet count
was: 173 and 162 9 109L1, factor VIII: 0.26 and 0.58 IU mL1,
VWF:Rco: 0.20 and 0.23 IU mL1 and VWF:Ag: 0.48 and
0.68 IU mL1, respectively. A heterozygote c.4545G>A change resulting in a p.Glu1549Lys mutation was found.
Conclusion: We observed a poor of response to DDAVP in our patient
with vWD2M and p.Glu1549Lys mutation. A correlation of response
to DDAVP with other mutations can only be speculated and further
studies are needed to resolve this issue.
PO641-TUE
Allele-specific silencing of the von Willebrand factor
gene to ameliorate the von Willebrand disease
phenotype
de Jong A, Dirven R and Eikenboom J
inherited bleeding disorder caused by qualitative or quantitative
defects of von Willebrand factor (VWF). Patients suffer from mucocutaneous, post-traumatic or surgical bleedings. The more severe forms
may be associated with joint bleeds, thrombocytopenia or vascular
malformations like gastrointestinal angiodysplasia. Treatment of
VWD is focussed on increasing VWF plasma levels which, however,
740
ABSTRACTS
does not act upon the associated phenotypes of thrombocytopenia and

angiodysplasia.
Aims: We aim to develop a therapy for VWD that will increase the levels of normal VWF as well as ameliorate the associated phenotypes.
As most VWD is caused by dominant-negative VWF mutations, we
hypothesize that silencing the mutated allele will have a positive effect
on VWF characteristics.
Methods: siRNAs will be used to prove the principle of allele-specific
silencing. The siRNAs can be designed to target the specific VWF
mutation, but a more optimal approach would be to target frequently
found heterozygous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The siRNAs will be tested on HA-tagged VWF constructs transfected in
HEK293 cells and on patient-derived blood outgrowth endothelial
cells (BOECs). Since BOECs are patient-specific and harbour the
mutation in its native environment, they are the cells of choice to confirm amelioration of the phenotype. This will be examined by measuring VWF levels, VWF multimers, VWF string formation and
immunofluorescence staining of the cells.
Results: Tagged VWF constructs have been made. Wild type HA-taggedVWF produce normal multimers and pseudo-Weibel-Palade bodies
in HEK293 cells. Three allele-specific siRNAs targeting one SNP have
been individually tested on VWF transfected HEK293 cells. Up to
65% allele-specific suppression of VWF was observed.
Conclusion: These first results show that it is feasible to induce allelespecific silencing of VWF by siRNAs. The efficiency and specificity will
be further optimized and more siRNAs will be tested.
PO642-TUE
Evaluation of a new automated ristocetin cofactor
assay on the STA-R evolution analyzer
Eising H1, te Roller L2, Visser-Koldenhof M2, Wildeboer B2 and
Remijn J2
1
Department of Gynaecology; 2Department of Clinical Chemistry
and Hematology, Gelre Hospitals, Apeldoorn, The Netherlands
Background: Ristocetin cofactor activity of von Willebrand Factor
(vWF:RCo) is used as a screening to estimate vWF function and to
detect von Willebrand Disease (vWD). Since vWF:RCo is considered
as the reference method to assess vWF activity, there is a need for an
automated assay on the routine coagulation analyzer.
Aims: Evaluation of a new automated vWF Ricof assay on the STA-R
Evolution compared with a reference method.
Methods: A CLSI EP-5 validation protocol was performed with the
new ABP vWF Ricof assay (Stago) on a STA-R Evolution (Stago)
and furthermore a method comparison was performed with the reference vWF:RCo (Siemens) on a BCS XP (Siemens). The principle of
the ABP vWF Ricof assay is to measure the ability of patient vWF to
agglutinate formalin-fixed platelets in the presence of ristocetin. Subsequently agglutination is measured on a STA-R evolution analyzer and
vWF:RCo activity is obtained after interpolation against a calibration
curve obtained from reference plasmas.
Results: Among 180 tests were performed in duplicate, the average difference (absolute value) between duplicate was < 2% suggesting that
single testing can be used safely. Between-run reproducibility (EP-5)
showed CVs between 5% and 13%. Highest CVs were obtained for
vWF:RCo activity results above 80%. Regarding batch-to-batch
reproducibility, 2 lots were tested and displayed a high level of correlation (y = 0.99781.33, r2 = 0.9615). Both 2 lots of ABP vWF Ricof
assay showed a good level of correlation to another commercially
available vWF:RCo assay (y = 1.09x+4.7; r=0.914 and
y = 1.02x+10.6: r=0.893 respectively).
Conclusion: The new vWF Ricof assay automated on STA-R Evolution displays satisfactory analytical performances and ergonomy. It is
well correlated to a reference method and takes benefit from accept-
able lot-to-lot consistency. These characteristics suggest it could be

used as a first line assay to detect vWD in hemostasis laboratories on
routine STA-R Evolution analyzers.
PO643-TUE
How well can laboratories diagnose type 2N VWD?
Data from a UK NEQAS (blood coagulation) exercise
Jennings I1, Kitchen S1, Kitchen DP1, Woods TAL1, Makris M2 and
Walker IID1
1
UK Neqas (Blood Coagulation); 2Sheffield Haemophilia and
Thrombosis Centre, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK
Background: Type 2N von Willebrand disease is a rare subtype of
VWD in which a mutation (mostly in exons 1820) of the VWF gene
leads to impaired binding of the VWF molecule to FVIII, and consequent shortened half-life of FVIII. Routine laboratory assays will
show reduced FVIII levels, but normal VWF, mimicking a diagnosis
of haemophilia A. Differences in the clinical approach to management
of patients with type 2N VWD and Haemophilia A, together with the
implications for genetic counselling for this autosomal defect, reinforce
the need to differentiate these disorders with reliable FVIII binding
assays. However, there are few data about the accuracy or precision of
FVIII binding assays for type 2N VWD.
Aims: The aim of this multicentre study was to evaluate the ability of
laboratories to diagnose Type 2N VWD with FVIII binding assays.
Methods: Following informed consent, citrated plasma was obtained
from a normal donor (sample 1) and a donor with 2N VWD (sample
2), buffered, lyophilised, and distributed to 15 UK NEQAS participants with a request to perform FVIII binding assays. Participants
were asked to provide method details, and an interpretation of their
results.
Results: Results were received from 12 centres (6 UK and 6 non-UK).
7 centres (5 using a Stago method, 2 using laboratory-developed methods) returned quantitative results, reported as %. For sample 1, results
ranged from 90126%, for sample 2 from 04%. 5 centres either
reported results as a ratio or qualitative results. All centres correctly
identified sample 1 as a normal sample, and sample 2 as a 2N VWD
sample.
Conclusion: Despite the rarity of this disorder, the small number of
centres performing FVIII binding assays (12 out of 1050 UK NEQAS
participants), and theinfrequency with which these laboratories perform this assay (from 3 to 40 per year), acceptable precision and 100%
diagnostic accuracy was observed in this study.
PO644-TUE
POstoperative bleeding and other outcomes in children
with von Willebrand disease or low von Willebrand
factor undergoing adenotonsillectomy
Diaz R1, Mahoney DH Jr1, Musso M2 and Yee DL1
1
Pediatrics, Texas Childrens Hospital; 2Otolaryngology, Baylor
College of Medicine, Houston, USA
Background: Children with von Willebrand disease (VWD) have
increased risk for bleeding after adenotonsillectomy. Published guidelines for the management of these patients are vague.
Aims: To review short term outcomes in patients with VWD or low
von Willebrand factor activity (low VWF) treated under a uniform
institutional protocol.
Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review in children with
VWD or low VWF treated via the Texas Childrens Hospital institu 2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997
ABSTRACTS
tional protocol, which utilizes desmopressin (DDAVP) prior to and at
hours 12, 24, 48, 72 after procedure and at days 7, 9 and 11, and aminocaproic acid for up to 14 days. Patients were kept for minimum of
overnight observation.
Results: Between October 2010 to December 2014, 11 children with
VWD or low VWF underwent an adenotonsillar procedure and were
treated with this protocol. Patients had median age of 7 years (range 3
to 17 years) and baseline ristocetin cofactor activity of 32% (range 12
to 44%). Estimated blood loss during surgery was minimal. Patients
received a median of 6 doses of DDAVP (range 4 to 8) and 14 days of
aminocaproic acid (range 7 to 14 days). The median length of hospital
stay after surgery was 3 days (range 1 to 4 days). Eight patients (73%)
had hyponatremia within 48 h after surgery (median 132 mmol L1,
range 128 to 134 mmol L1) leading to holding DDAVP doses, but
none experienced neurologic dysfunction or seizures. Bleeding within
the first 24 h after surgery did not occur in any patients. Three (27%)
children experienced delayed minor bleeding which resolved without
additional intervention.
Conclusion: No episodes of major bleeding or need for intervention
occurred with use of a straightforward protocol using DDAVP and
aminocaproic acid in a group of patients with VWD or low VWF at
risk for postoperative bleeding from adenotonsillectomy. Although
mild hyponatremia occurred in a majority, no patients were symptomatic and all instances were successfully managed with conservative
measures.
PO645-TUE
Willebrand disease molecular diagnosis by high
throughput sequencing: whats about the highly
homologous pseudogene ?
Giraud M1, Dumont S1, Boisseau P1, Talarmain P1,
Gourlaouen MA1, Hary J1, Ternisien C1, Fressinaud E2,
Goudemand J3, Veyradier A4, Bezieau S1 and on behalf of the
French reference Center for VWD
1
Public Hospital, Nantes Cedex1; 2Inserm U1176, Le KremlinBicêtre; 3Public Hospital, Lille; 4Public Hospital, Paris, France
Background: von Willebrand Disease (VWD) is a common autosomally inherited bleeding disorder which results from a quantitative or
qualitative deficiency of von Willebrand factor (VWF). The VWF gene
(VWF) consists of 52 exons which gives rise to a 9 kb mRNA. Systematic identification of the causal VWD sequence variations has been
hampered by the large size of the VWF, but the main difficulty resides
on a 97% homologous partial pseudogene (VWFP1) from exon 23 to
exon 35 (21 kb of genomic DNA). Sequence variations were found all
along the gene (60% were novel on the French cohort VWD). Then
cost and time consuming of Sanger method sequencing remain a serious obstacle for most diagnostic laboratories. However, Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) have radically changed the technical
perspectives
Aims: Then we have performed NGS to evaluate the accuracy of this
resequencing technique and evaluated the difficulties the pseudogene
may provide for VWD diagnosis.
Methods: We have selected the Agilent HaloPlex target enrichment
system to prepare library samples running out on illumina MiSeq platform. The HaloPlex probes design comprised VWF exons, exons-introns boundaries, 50 and 30 UTRs and the known promoter.
Results: This design foresee a coverage rate of 95.84% of the coding
gene. 100 patients have been analysed and results were compared to
capillary sequencing on each exon for 11 patients and each NGS
sequence variations and their homo/heterozygous status were confirmed for the other patients by Sanger sequencing
Conclusion: Results shown that Agilent technology not allow the
pseudogene coverage for exons 26 and 28 (the largest and pseudogene
741
most homologous exons). Then, our current strategy included an exons 26 and 28 Sanger sequencing before performing Haloplex technology.
PO646-TUE
Clinical and laboratory detection of transient
neutralizing antibodies in severe von Willebrand
disease on long term prophylaxis
Sanchez-Luceros A1, Alberto MF1, Kempfer AC2, Woods A2,
Blanco A1, Grosso SH1, Romero ML1, Lazzari MA2, Bermejo E1
and Meschengieser SS1
1
Thrombosis and Haemostasis, National Academy of Medicine;
2
Thrombosis and Haemostasis, IMEX-CONICET-ANM, Buenos
Aires, Argentina
Background: Patients with type 3 VWD and some severe type 2 and
type 1 VWD may benefit from long term prophylaxis (LTP) when
bleeding is frequent and severe. Neutralizing antibodies to VWF have
been reported in 1015% of VWD type 3 patients.
Aims: To describe two cases on LTP that developed a transient neutralizing antibody associated to bleeding symptoms
Methods: FVIII:C, VWF:Ag, VWF:RCo, and mixing studies as appropriate. IgG, IgM and IgA anti-VWF: by ELISA (purified VWF coated
1 lg mL1, anti-Human IgG, IgM and IgA peroxidase labeled antibodies; cut-off < 100%).
Results:
Case A: 11 year-old boy, VWD type 3, on LTP (Haemate-P) due to
recurrent hemarthrosis. In August 2014 he presented profuse epistaxis
and gum bleeding for more than 7 days in spite of therapy. Laboratory tests showed: VWF:Ag 2% and VWF:RCo 2% without correction on mixing studies and a high level of IgM anti-VWF (350%).
Bleedings were treated on demand with higher dose of Haemate-P as
well as rFVIIa. After 2 months, symptoms disappeared, and VWF
corrected on mixing assays. The title of IgM anti-VWF declined
(246%).
Case B: 3 year-old girl, VWD type 2M (FVIII:C 35%, VWF:Ag 44%,
VWF:RCo 7%, VWF:CB 11%, E1549K heterozygous mutation), on
LTP with Haemate-P once a week due to recurrent severe epistaxis.
After 2 months, she presented several nose bleeds, 2428 hs after Haemate-P without local causes. Laboratory tests showed: VWF:Ag 6%
and VWF:RCo 3% without correction on mixing studies. IgM antiVWF was 233%. Bleeding episodes were treated on demand with Haemate-P. To date, she remains free of bleeding and laboratory parameters returned to basal state.
No symptoms of anaphylaxis associated to VWF concentrates were
observed.
Conclusion: We describe two severe VWD cases occurring in children
on LTP. The role of free circulating antibodies to VWF is unclear, but
the regular testing for neutralizing antibodies should be done in these
patients to manage the bleeding episodes. The appearance of inhibitors
is not restricted to VWD type 3.
742
ABSTRACTS
PO647-TUE
von Willebrand disease: the phenotypic
characterization in Thailand
Ruchutrakool T1, Suwanawiboon B1 and
Nakkinkun Y1Charoenkwan P2, Nawarawong W3, Sasanakul W4
and Chuansumrit A4
1
Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol
University, Bangkok; 2Pediatrics; 3Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,
Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai; 4Pediatrics, Faculty of
Medicine Ramathibodi hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok,
Thailand
Background: von Willebrand disease (vWD) is the most common
hereditary bleeding disorder. Because of the variation in the severity of
bleeding and the influence of age, blood group and inflammation on
von Willebrand factor (vWF) level, the diagnosis of vWD, especially
mild form, may be difficult.
Aims: To figure out the phenotype and laboratory result of Thai
patients with vWD.
Methods: Patients with either previously diagnosed or suspected vWD
were enrolled. Data including age at first presentation, familial history,
bleeding score and blood group were collected. vWF:Ag, vWF:Rco,
vWF:CB, vWF:FVIIIB, vWF:multimer and FVIII:C were performed.
Results: During the year 2010 to 2015, 53 patients (71% women) were
diagnosed with vWD. Twenty two, 19 and 12 patients were type 1, 2A
and 3 vWD, respectively. The median age at first bleeding episode of
type 1, 2A and 3 vWD was 12, 5 and 3, respectively. Half of the
patients had familial history of bleeding problems. There was no significant difference in blood group among individual type. Mean bleeding score of type 1, 2A and 3 vWD were 4.4, 6.6 and 11.3, respectively,
(P-value 0.026 type 1 VS. 3). Bleeding manifestations were hypermenorrhea (63%), epistaxis (60%), ecchymosis (50%), bleeding from oral
cavity (35%) and wound bleeding (26%). The mean value of FVIII:C
and vWF:Ag of type 1, 2A and 3 vWD were 52, 48 and 4.7 IU dL1
and 40, 58 and 3.3 IU dL1. All patients with type 3 vWD had FVIII:
C, vWF:Ag and vWF:Rco of lower than 5 IU dL1. The mean value
of vWF:Rco/vWF:Ag ratio of type 1, 2A and 3 vWD were 0.90, 0.30
and 0.85 (P-value 0.0002 type 1 vs. 2A, P-value 0.0067 type 3 vs. 2A).
The mean value of vWF:CB and vWF:FVIIIB of type 1, 2A and 3
vWD were 44.6, 39.7 and 3.0 IU dL1 and 55.4, 43.0 and
12.6 IU dL1.
Conclusion: For the diagnosis of vWD, bleeding symptoms and familial history should be assessed. A panel of tests regarding vWF can be
helpful. Sophisticate tests such as vWF:propeptide and genetic testing
should be developed to ascertain some particular types of diseases.
PO648-TUE
Acquired von Willebrand syndrome in patients with
Bykowska K1, Mendek-Czajkowska E2, Sokoowska B3,
Wiszniewski A4, Baran B1 and Windyga J5
1
2
Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and
Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw; 3Department of
Hematooncology, Medical University, Lublin; 4Department of
Vascular Surgery; 5Department of Disorders of Hemostasis and
Internal Medicine, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion
Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
Background: Acquired von Willebrand syndrome (AVWS) is a bleeding disorder. The clinical manifestation and laboratory features resemble congenital von Willebrand disease (VWD). About 10% of AVWS
is associated with myeloproliferative disorders, such as among others

essential thrombocythemia (ET).
Aims: Our objective was to establish the frequency of AVWS in ET
and correlation between AVWS and bleeding tendency in ET patients.
Methods: The study comprised 88 patients with newly diagnosed ET.
The following tests were performed: ristocetin cofactor (vWF:RCo,
Siemens), von Willebrand antigen (VWF:Ag, Siemens), collagen binding (Technoclone), multimers studies (Krizek et al. 2000). The inherited thrombotic risk factors (factor V Leiden, prothrombin G20210A
and C677T MTHFR mutation) were detected by PCR/RFLP and ADAMTS13 activity by Technoclone kit.
Results: AVWS was detected in 27/88 patients with ET with platelet
count 1028 262 G/L and WBC 8.44 2.73. In this group: mutation JAK2 (V617F) was present in 19/27 (70%), prothrombin
G20210A in 2, homozygous MTHFR C677T0 in 2 and in 1 person
Leiden mutation; laboratory evaluation of VWF parameters showed:
VWF:RCo 2248%; VWF:CB 2454%; VIII:C 44102%; VWF:Ag
49140. VWF:RCo/VWF:Ag was < 0.5 in 11/27 person and > 0.7 in 4/
27. Patients without AVWS (61/88) were comparable to persons with
AVWS in: age, blood group distribution, WBC amount and ADAMTS13 activity. They differed in platelet count: 863.8 297G/L and
prevalence of mutations. JAK2 (V617F) was present in 27/61 (44.2%),
G20210A prothrombin in 1/61 and homozygous MTHFR (C677T) in
7/61 patients. The mean of VWF:RCo, VWF:CB and VWF:Ag were
within normal range althrough the rate of VWF:RCo was < 0.6 in
22.8% of patients (71.4). Clinical evaluation showed no difference in
prevalence of thrombotic events. The bleeds occured in 3/27 patients
with AVWS.
Conclusion: In patients with ET the only parameter which correlated
with AVWSappearance was the higher platelet level.
PO649-TUE
Identification of novel vwf gene mutations in the
Turkish type 2 VWD patient population
Berber E1, Oymak Y2, Baltaci OF3, Diz-K
uc
ukkaya R4,
Zulfikar BO5 and Kavakli K6
1
Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Arel University,
_Istanbul; 2Pediatric Hematology, Izmir Behcet Uz Children
3
_
_
Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul
Hospital, Izmir;
4
technical University; Hematology, Istanbul Bilim University,
_Istanbul; 5Pediatric Hematology, Istanbul University, Istanbul;
6
_
Pediatric Hematology, Ege University, Izmir,
Turkey
Background: The functional deficiency of von Willebrand Factor
(VWF) causes Type 2 von Willebrand Disease (VWD) which is classified as 2A, 2B, and 2M based on defective interaction with platelets,
and as 2N based on defective binding to the FVIII molecule. VWF:
RCo/VWF:Ag ratio is < 0.6 in 2A, 2B and 2M patients. Mutations
causing Type 2 VWD are in exon 17 to 25 and exon 28 of the VWF
gene.
Aims: To screen the VWF gene of Type 2 VWD patients with VWF:
RCo/VWF:Ag level < 0.6 to genetically diagnose the Type2 subtypes.
Methods: Fifty patients were informed, consented in accordance with
the Declaration of Helsinki. The VWF gene exon 17 to 25 and 28 were
analyzed by Direct DNA sequencing analysis.
Results: Two patients were homozygotes for previously known Type
2N (c.2446C>T) and Type 3 VWD (c.3108 + 5 G>A) mutations.
Three novel variations were identified in three patients: one was heterozygous for Int18 + 166delCTCCTCCCT and Int18 + 175InsGAGCT, the other was heterozygous for c.C4967T change in exon 28
and the third was heterozygous for TGC insertion between c4876 and
c.4877. 13 of the patients were compound heterozygous and 13 of the
patients were compound homozygous for c.A4141G and c.T4641C
polymorphisims.
ABSTRACTS
Conclusion: In conclusion, this study revelaed presence of novel VWF
gene mutations in addtion to the previously known mutations in the
patient population. One of the patients was diagnosed as Type 2N
patient and one patient was rediagnosed as Type 3 patient. In silico
analysis of the novel deletion and insertion mutation in Intron 18 with
splice site prediction revealed that it might affect the splicing by creating an additional donor site. c.C4967T causes p.Thr1656Met substitution, TGC insertion at c4876-c.4877 causes isertion of Leu at
p.1541Leu-1542Glu in the VWF A2 domain. Polyphen analysis of
both changes revealed that they are damaging. c.A441G and c.T4641C
polymorphisms were identified with 39% allele frequency. Future
studies will reveal whether these two polymophisms produce a haplotype associated with VWD.
743
observed rarely (2% of invasive procedures and radiotherapy, 6% of

surgeries).
Conclusion: Our data document a substantial number of cancers
among VWD patients and a safe management by HTCs physicians.
Particularly interesting is the finding of the inversion of the ratio
among VWD types, being VWD type 2 significantly more frequent in
our cohort than in the whole VWD population.
PO651-TUE
Modifications of hemostatic therapy for patients with
von Willebrand disease based on comorbidity
Zozulya N, Likhacheva E and Yastrubinetskaya O
Haematological Scientific Center, Moscow, Russia
PO650-TUE
Cancers in patients with von Willebrand disease: a
survey from the Italian association of hemophilia
centres
Tagliaferri A1, Castaman G2, Di Perna C1, Santoro C3, Siboni SM4,
Zanon E5, Linari S6, Gresele P7, Pasca S8, Coppola A9, Santoro R10,
Paola R11, Napolitano M12 and Franchini M13
1
Regional Reference Centre for Inherited Bleeding Disorders,
University Hospital, Parma; 2Haemophilia Centre, San Bortolo
Hospital, Vicenza; 3Haemophilia Centre, La Sapienza University,
Rome; 4Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Haemophilia and
ThrombosisCentre, University, Milan; 5Haemophilia Centre,
University Hospital, Padova; 6Regional Reference Centre for
Inherited Bleeding Disorders, University Hospital, Firenze;
7
Haemophilia Centre, University Hospital, Perugia; 8Haemophilia
Centre, University Hospital, Udine; 9Regional Reference Centre
for Coagulation Disorders, Federico II University Hospital,
Napoli; 10Haemophilia Centre, Pugliese-Ciaccio Hospital,
Catanzaro; 11Haemophilia Centre, Spirito Santo Hospital,
Pescara; 12Haemophilia Centre, University Hospital, Palermo;
13
Department of Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, Carlo
Poma Hospital, Mantova, Italy
Background: Besides its role in hemostasis, von Willebrand factor
(VWF) seems to have an antitumoral effect through a negative modulation of angiogenesis and induction of apoptosis.
Aims: To elucidate the clinical significance of this role, we have done a
retrospective study on cancers among Italian von Willebrand disease
(VWD) patients on behalf the Italian Association of Hemophilia Centers (AICE).
Methods: A questionnaire with demographic, clinical, and treatment
data of VWD patients with cancer was sent to the 54 Italian Haemophilia Treatment Centres (HTCs).
Results: Eighteen HTCs (33%) provided information on 92 VWD
patients (61 alive/31 deceased) with 106 cancers collected during the
period 1981-June 2014. Of them, 19 (18%) were hematological and 87
(82%) solid cancers (including 6 hepatocellular carcinoma detected in
6 HCV+ patients). At diagnosis, 25% of cancers were metastasized.
Median age at cancer diagnosis was 58 y (2185), while at death 68 y
(2184). Cancer progression was the principal cause of death (77%
cases) followed by bleeding and infectious complications (10% and
13%). Fifty-six patients (61%) had type 1, 33 (36%) type 2 and 3 (3%)
type 3 VWD; this distribution was quite different from that observed
in the whole VWD population followed at the 18 HTCs (79% type 1,
16% type 2 and 5% type 3; type 2 vs. non-type 2 distribution between
cancer group and whole VWD population: P < 0.001; OR 2.91; 95%
CI: 1.794.64). Patients underwent 52 invasive and 72 surgical procedures treated with VWF/FVIII concentrates in 77 cases, desmopressin
alone in 24 cases and both in 7 cases. Hemorrhagic complications were
Background: Due to improving of medical care for patients (pts) with

von Willebrands disease (VWD) nowadays the pts life expectancy and
comorbidities are increased.
Aims: To optimize hemostatic therapy with factor VIII/von Willebrand factor (VIII/VWF) concentrates for pts with VWD based on
comorbidity.
Methods: Twenty VWD-pts were treated with VIII/VWF: 10 pts - with
type 1 (50%), 2 pts - type 2 (10%), 8 pts - type 3 (40%). The middle
age was 40 (2571) years. The gender distribution male/female was 7/
13. In 50% of pts there were 34 bleeding episodes per month. For hemostasis were used 2 VIII/VWF concentrates with ratio 2.4/1 and 0.9/
1. Pharmacokinetic studies were conducted during 48 h. Screening for
diagnostic of comorbidities was done for everybody.
Results: In 15 pts (75%) the comorbid diseases were detected: gastrointestinal in 4 pts (20%), oncology in 2 pts (10%), autoimmune in 2
pts (10%), cardiovascular in 6 pts (30%), neurological in 1 pts (5%).
3 pts (15%) with recurrent gastrointestinal bleedings were on prophylaxis with 40 IU kg1 bw twice per week, hemorrhagic syndrome was
absent during the year. 17 pts (80%) received on demand treatment
with average dose 25 IU kg1 bw in the total group. Considering the
probability of thrombotic complications not for surgery average dose
in pts with cancer and cardiovascular diseases was 15 5 IU kg1
bw, in pts with neurological pathology 35 IU kg1 bw, autoimmune
diseases 25 IU kg1 bw. For 60 year-old type 2 VWD-pt with cirrhosis, ischemia and atrial fibrillation 5 teeth removal was carried out.
Loading dose of VIII/VWF concentrate 0.9/1 was 70 IU/kg bw with
maintenance dose 25 IU/kg bw within 3 days for the extraction of 3
teeth and then 36/18 (within 4 days) IU/kg bw of VIII/VWF concentrate 2.4/1 for the extraction of the next 2 teeth. There were no complications. 75% FVIII level was maintained within 8 days.
Conclusion: Personalization of hemostatic therapy avoids complications in in pts with VWD and comorbidity.
PO652-TUE
Acquired von Willebrand syndrome (AVWS) with a
type 2B phenotype secondary to an IGA autoantibody
with anti-von Willebrand factor activity
Alberto MF1, Bermejo E1 and Meschengieser SS1Romero ML1,
Woods A2, Kempfer AC2, Paiva J1, Pizzolato MA3, Lazzari MA2
and Sanchez-Luceros A1,2
1
Thrombosis and Haemostasis, National Academy of Medicine;
2
Thrombosis and Haemostasis, IMEX-CONICET-ANM; 3Centro
de Hematologia Pavlovsky, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Background: AVWS is a rare bleeding disorder and usually mimics
von Willebrand disease type 1 or 2A and exceptionally 2B.
744
ABSTRACTS
Aims: To report a case of woman with AVWS with a 2B phenotype

misdiagnosed as ITP.
Methods: Platelet count (PC); FVIII:C; VWF:Ag; VWF:RCo; VWF
multimers; VWF 2B/GP1b genotypic analysis; RIPA at 0.6 mg mL1,
mixing studies with platelet rich plasma (PRP), washed platelets, poor
platelet plasma (PPP), IgG depleted plasma and purified VWF. IgG,
IgM and IgA anti-VWF (ELISA).
Results: A 41-year-old woman with ITP under corticosteroids was
referred to investigate the persistence of bleeding in spite of moderate
thrombocytopenia. Laboratory showed (2010) PC 88 9 109 L1, macrothrombocytopenia, FVIII 80%, VWF:Ag 50%, VWF:RCo < 10%
(VWF:RCo/VWF:Ag ratio < 0.7), enhanced RIPA and absence of
high and intermediate molecular weight multimers. Genotypic analysis
was negative. The patient continued with corticosteroids and tranexamic acid was added. Compliance to treatment was irregular. On 2011
she presented gum bleeding and menorrhagia (PC 23 9 109 L1,
VWF:RCo/VWF:Ag ratio < 0.7). She received corticosteroids plus
dapsone and blood transfusion was necessary. On 2013 the patient
developed diabetes. Corticosteroids were suppressed and romiplostin
once a week was started. Bleedings ended when normal PC was
achieved. Additional tests (mixing studies with PRP, washed platelets,
PPP, IgG depleted plasma and purified VWF) allowed us to conclude
that the patients PPP contained an activity (no IgG) capable of inducing platelet agglutination of normal washed platelets in presence of
purified VWF. Serum immunofixation showed a low concentration
IgA-Lambda monoclonal component. Finally the presence of IgA
anti-VWF was shown.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest the presence of an autoantibody IgA
enhancing VWF binding to platelet GP 1b resulting in type 2B-like
AVWS. This case highlights the difficulties in reaching a diagnosis and
in the management of bleeding in a patient with an atypical presentation of AVWS.
PO653-TUE
Accuired von Willebrand syndrome in patients treated
with left ventricular assist devices
Saito K1, Sakatsume K2, Shirakawa R1, Kimura T1, Akiyama M2,
Saiki Y2 and Horiuchi H1
1
Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institution of
Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University;
2
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tohoku University
Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
Background: von Willebrand Factor (vWF), a critical factor in hemostasis, is produced as a huge multimeric plasma protein, and is shear
stress-dependently cleaved into a molecular weight of 50020,000 kDa.
Given that large multimers of vWF play critical roles in hemostatsis,
non-physiological high shear causes excess cleavage of it and bleeding
tendency known as acquired von Willebrand syndrome (AvWS), characterized by lack of large multimer of vWF. It has recently been noted
that AvWS occurs in patients treated with mechanical circulatory support such as left ventricular assist devices (LVAD).
Aims: To elucidate the relationship between bleeding complication and
vWF multimeric pattern in patients treated with LVAD artificial
heart.
Methods: We analyzed the multimeric patterns of vWF in 5 Japanese
patients recently treated with LVAD.
Results: All 5 LVAD recipients presented AvWS hematologically,
demonstrated by reduced or absent the large vWF multimer levels.
The first LVAD patient exhibited bleeding in gastrointestinal and
respiratory tract, the second LVAD patient presented severe anemia.
The other 3 patients under LVAD exhibited no bleeding events
although the vWF large multimer levels were reduced. AvWS was
most likely caused by LVAD since one patient exhibited vWF normal
pattern before LVAD treatment and another patients did it after heart
transplantation.
Conclusion: Hematological AvWS might occur with unexpectedly high
prevalence in Japanese patients under treatment with LVAD although
not all patients exhibited bleedings.
PO654-TUE
Dental invasive procedures in von Willebranddisease
(VWD) outpatients treated with high purity VWF/FVIII
complex concentrate: experience of a single center
De Padua V1,2, Santoro C2, Gaglioti D1, Riva F3, Baldacci E2,
Mercanti C2 and Mazzucconi MG2
1
Oral Surgery, George Eastman Hospital; 2Hematology,
Department of Cellular Biotechnology and Hematology, Sapienza
University; 3Oral Surgery, GeorgeEastman Hospital, Rome, Italy
Background: Dental procedures in von Willebrand Disease (VWD)
patients are associated with risk of bleeding. VWF/FVIIIconcentrate
is the treatment of choice in VWD type 3 and type 2b, but is indicated
in VWD subtypes when there is no response to Desmopressin
Aims: To describe dental procedures performed in VWD outpatients
utilizing systemic prophylactic therapy with a high purityVWF/FVIII
Methods: In 7 years we performed 31 dental procedures on 12 patients
(5M, 7F) affected by VWD:4 type 1, 4 type 2b, 4 type 3. We treated all
patients with high purityVWF/FVIII concentrate
Results: VWD type 1. One patient underwent 3 extractions, other 2
underwent 2 extractions each. Another one underwent 1 scaling, 1
biopsy. They had treated with high purityVWF/FVIII concentrate
according to the scheme:1 h before surgery (t0), 60 IU kg1; from the
12th to 48th hour (t12 h?t48 h) after surgery, 30 IU kg1 every 12 h;
from the 3rd to 7th post-operative day, 30 IU kg1 day1. VWD type
2b. One patient underwent 5 extractions with VWF/FVIII 50 IU kg1
t0; t12 h?t60 h 25 IU kg1, every 12 h, then 25 IU kg1 every 24 h,
until 7th post-operatory day. One other underwent 1 extraction while
treated withVWF/FVIII 50 IU kg1 t0, t24. One other patient underwent 1 extraction with VWF/FVIII 60 U kg1 t0?t72 h,30 U kg1 in
the 4th day. The last one underwent 2 extractions, 1 scaling, 1 biopsy
under the administration ofVWF/FVIII 30 IU kg1 t0; then tranexamic acid orally, 40 mg kg1 day1 until 7th post-operatory day.
VWD type 3. One patient underwent 2 extractions according to the
scheme:VWF/FVIII 50 IU kg1 t0; t12 h?t48 h,30 IU kg1 every 24 h,
then tranexamic acid orally, 40 mg kg1 day1 until 7th post-operatory day. One other underwent 6 extractions, 1 scaling and another
one underwent 1 extraction; they were treated withVWF/FVIII
60 IU kg1
t0;
t12 h?t48 h50 IU kg1
every
24 h,
then
30 IU kg1 day1 until 7th post-operatory. The last one underwent 1
scaling withVWF/FVIII 50 IU kg1 t0, t24. We didnt observe any
hemorrhagic or local abscesses
Conclusion: A tailored prophylactic treatment with high purity VWF/
FVIIIconcentrate ensures a good hemostasis
PO655-TUE
Recognition and correlation of a random patientspecific error of the automated von Willebrand factor
activity latex immunoassay
Tange J1, Leger RR1, Grill DE2, Pruthi RK1 and Chen D1
1
Hematopathology; 2Biomedical Statistic and Informatics, Mayo
Background: Laboratory diagnosis of von Willebrand disease (VWD)
requires measurement of von Willebrand factor (VWF) antigen (Ag)
ABSTRACTS
and activity. The reference VWF activity test is the ristocetin cofactor
assay (RCo), but an automated latex immunoassay (Lx) is gradually
being accepted as an alternative method. After our implementation of
the Lx assay (JTH. 2011; 9:19932002), an increased number of samples exhibiting elevated VWF:Lx/Ag ratios ( 1.35) was observed with
a new lot. The prevalence of samples with elevated ratios was 0.2%
during validation (n = 492), 1.5% (n = 4009) pre-new lot, and 4.8%
(n = 2382) post-new lot. Correlation of affected samples (ratio 1.35)
with VWF:RCo assay confirmed the suspicion that the VWF:Lx assay
was overestimating VWF activity in a random fashion.
Aims: Collaborate with the manufacturer to identify and resolve the
root cause of aberrant VWF:Lx results.
Methods: Blinded samples (n = 45) were shared with the manufacturer
for confirmation of our observation. After identifyingthe root cause, a
new lot VWF:Lx reagent was provided to our laboratory for repeat
VWF:Lx testing (106 affected and 246 unaffected samples, ratio
< 1.35). Routine statistical analyses were performed.
Results: Presence of bovine IgG, identified in the reagent, was cross
reacting with human anti-bovine IgG antibodies (HABIA) in patient
samples causing random erroneous VWF:Lx results. Manufacture of a
new reagent lot resolved this interference. With the new reagent, 96%
of the affected samples ratios corrected to < 1.35 (t-test, P < 0.0001);
linear regression of VWF:Lx and RCo, showed better agreement on
new lot (R2 = 0.90; y-int 16%) than affected lot (R2 = 0.57; y-int
36%). VWF ratios of the unaffected samples remained essentially
unchanged (t-test, P = 0.07).
Conclusion: HABIA can result in random errors with the VWF:Lx
assay which, once recognized, has been remedied. Our experience
emphasizes the importance of correlation of VWF laboratory data and
manufacturer communication/collaboration in pursuit of aberrant
results.
Von Willebrand factor II

PO656-TUE
Long term exercise significantly decreases von
Willebrand factor antigen levels in abdominally obese
adults
Pruss C1, Ross R2 and Adams M1
1
Biomedical and Molecular Sciences; 2School of Kinesiology and
Health Studies, Queens University, Kingston, ON, Canada
Background: Elevated von Willebrand Factor antigen (VWF:Ag) levels are observed in obesity and metabolic syndrome. However, the
impact of duration and intensity of exercise on VWF levels in individuals with abdominal obesity is unknown.
Aims: This study examines the effects of exercise amount and intensity
on plasma VWF in an inactive obese cohort. Additionally, VWF association to changes in metabolic syndrome criteria in response to exercise are examined.
Methods: A 24-week, parallel group exercise trial was performed with
217 abdominally obese adults approved by Queens University Health
Sciences Research Ethics Board. Participants were randomized to: C:
no-exercise control (N = 49), or 5 sessions per week of exercise. LALI:
low amount, low intensity exercise (Females (F): 180 kcals/session,
males (M): 300 kcals/session @ 50% VO2peak, N = 55), HALI: high
amount, low intensity (F: 360 kcals/session, M: 600 kcals/session for
men @ 50% VO2peak, N = 59), HAHI: high amount, high intensity
(F: 360 kcals/session, M: 600 kcals/session @ 75% VO2peak, N = 45).
At weeks 0, 16, and 24, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI),
cardiorespiratory fitness, glucose tolerance, lipids, VWF:Ag, and
VWF propeptide (VWFpp) were assayed.
Results: At week 16, HAHI and HALI VWF:Ag significantly
decreased from week 0 (HAHI: -8.4 25 U dL1 SD, P = 0.004,
745
students t-test; HALI: -9 22 U dL1, P = 0.003), although LALI

was not significantly lower (0.7 21.9, NS) compared to C (8 27).
VWF:Ag further decreased at 24 weeks for HAHI (-12.8 20.8,
P = 0.003) and HALI (-12.7 18.8, P = 0.001), LALI was not (5 24.4, NS) compared to C (1 24.1). This did not correlate with
age or gender. VWFpp was not significantly changed.
Conclusion: In response to high amounts of exercise, VWF antigen levels were significantly lowered compared to inactive control. This along
with unchanged VWFpp suggests a decrease in VWF:Ag half life. This
study demonstrates that exercise can improve elevated VWF levels in
metabolic syndrome.
Disclosure of Interest: C. Pruss Grant/Research Support from: Canadian Institutes of Health Research, R. Ross Grant/Research Support
from: Canadian Institutes of Health Research, M. Adams Grant/
Research Support from: Canadian Institutes of Health Research
PO657-TUE
Development of a VWF propeptide assay
Meiring M
Haematology and Cell Biology, University of The Free State,
Bloemfontein, South Africa
bleeding disorder in the world. VWD patients are largely under-diagnosed or misdiagnosed. About 80% of VWD patients are diagnosed
with type 1 VWD and about fifty percent of them present with
increased clearance of VWF. The ratiobetween von the Willebrand
factor propeptide (VWFpp) and the mature VWF antigen (VWF: Ag)
can be used to diagnose these patients. The current commercially
available assays for VWF propeptide are extremely expensive.
Aims: The aim of this study was to develop an ELISA assay to determine the plasma levels of the VWF-propeptide.
Methods: Antibody fragments were selected against the VWFpp by
using phage display technology. The VWFpp was first displayed on
yeast, since no commercial preparation of the VWFpp exists. By using
phage display technology, we selected two single chain variable antibody fragments (ScFv) from almost two-hundred phage colonies that
bind specific to the VWFpp and not to the yeast on which it was displayed. The antibody fragments were then purified on protein A columns and tested for specific binding to the VWFpp.
Results: The purified ScFv were able to detect VWFpp in normal
plasma. By comparing our assay to commercial assays, our antibody
fragments showed a higher binding affinity for VWFpp in plasma at
especially lower plasma concentrations than an assay using commercial antibodies to the VWFpp. Our assay is also more cost-effective
than commercial antibodies, since it was not necessary to use expensive
infrastructure as in the case with the development of antibodies using
experimental animals.
Conclusion: The combination of yeast- and phage display could be the
reason why the 2 ScFv were selected successfully without alterations in
specificity as both technologies are known to produce antibodies with
the highest binding affinity. The next step is to validate our assay and
possibly commercialise it as a cost-effective assay for the determination of VWFpp in plasma.
746
ABSTRACTS
PO658-TUE
Cross-species inhibition of human and murine von
Willebrand factor by a single domain VHH-antibody
Habib I1,2, Legendre P1,2, Bazaa A1,2, Denis C1,2, Lenting P1,2,
Proulle V1,2,3 and Christophe O1,2
1
Hemostase et Dynamique Cellulaire Vasculaire, Inserm U1176;
2
Faculte de medecine, Universit
e Paris Sud; 3Service H
ematologie
^pitaux universitaires Paris Sud, CHU Bic^
Biologique, Ho
etre, Le
Kremlin Bicetre, France
Background: Monoclonal antibodies against human von Willebrand
factor (hVWF) have contributed to decipher the roles of the different
functional domains of VWF. However, few antibodies display crossreactivity with murine VWF (mVWF), thereby limiting their application in in vivo murine models. Llama-derived single domain antibodies
(VHH or nanobodies) have become a potential alternative for murinederived monoclonal antibodies.
Aims: To generate VHH-antibodies that cross-react with hVWF and
mVWF.
Methods: A llama was immunized via repeated and alternated injections with purified hVWF and mVWF. VHH-antibody libraries were
screened against hVWF using phage-display technology.
Results: A first screening resulted in 13 unique VHH-antibodies recognizing different domains of hVWF. Among cross-species reacting
VHH-antibodies, one (designated KB-VWF-006) recognized the VWF
A1 domain with high affinity (Kd, app=1.1 pM). Avidity was
enhanced > 200-fold via dimerization of KB-VWF-006 (KB-VWF006-bi; Kd, app=4.2 fM). KB-VWF-006-bi efficiently inhibited ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation (RIPA; IC50 60 nM) using plateletrich plasma, while leaving ADP-, TRAP- or collagen-induced aggregation unaffected. Similarly, KB-VWF-006-bi (130 nM) fully inhibited
platelet adhesion to a collagen-matrix in high-shear perfusion assays.
Interestingly, KB-VWF-006-bi was similarly efficient in inhibiting
hVWF- and mVWF-induced RIPA using isolated platelets and purified VWF (IC50 = 8 nM and 5 nM, respectively), confirming its crossspecies activity. In vivo activity of KB-VWF-006-bi was evaluated in a
tail-clip bleeding model 5 min following intravenous injection (1
25 mg kg1; n = 23) in wild-type C57B6 mice. KB-VWF-006-bi
induced bleeding dose-dependently (EC50 5.2 0.7 mg kg1), showing that this antibody is functional in vivo.
Conclusion: KB-VWF-006-bi inhibits VWF function in vitro and
in vivo. VHH-antibody technology seems an appropriate tool to specifically select cross-species reacting antibodies.
PO659-TUE
High activity of von Willebrand factor and levels of
VWF-cleaving protease (ADAMTS-13) in term and
preterm neonates
Strauss T1, Elisha N1, Bruria R2, Ariela Z2, Lubetsky A2, Morag I1
and Kenet G2
1
Neonatology; 2National Hemophilia Center and Institute of
Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan,
Israel
Background: Von Willebramd Factor (VWF) has a central role in primary hemostasis, platlet adhesion and aggregation. Its biological
activity is related to the size of VWF multimers, which spontaneously
bind to platelets and induce formation of microthrombi in the circulation. This mechanism is downregulated by the plasma protease ADAMTS-13 (A Disintegrin and Metalloprotease with ThromboSpondin
motif). Low levels of ADAMTS-13 are mainly been reported in
patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). Only few
studies have addressed the levels of ADAMTS-13 in neonates and preterm infants
Aims: The aim of our study was to investigate ADAMTS-13, VWF
antigen and Ristocetin cofactor activity in neonates, evaluating potential correlations and risk for perinatal complications.
Methods: Cord blood samples were taken from the umbilical cord of
neonates immediately after clamping. ADAMTS 13, VWF:Ag: and
VWF: RCof% were assessed by standard measurements. Demographic data and clinical details were recorded .
Results: Levels of ADAMTS-13 were found to be significantly higher
in preterm babies (Median 72.0 IQR 34.8,) in comparison to full
term (Median 57.5 IQR 23.8) and adult controls (Median 54.0 IQR
19.5) (P < .05). Conversely, a significant elevation of VWF antigen
was observed in preterm and term infants compared to adults
(P = 0.014). Levels of VWFag% were found to be highest in full term
infants and lowest in adults (P < .05). Levels of RiCoF were similar in
preterm and full term but higher than in adults (P < .05). IUGR,
maternal hypertension and fetal distress or presence of NEC/ROP
affected ADAMTS-13, VWF; Ag and VWF:Rcof% compared to
infants without these complications
Conclusion: The levels of ADAMTS-13 among neonates were lower as
compared to healthy adult. These associations with the risk of prematurity complications deserve further attention.
PO660-TUE
Angiogenic characteristics of blood outgrowth
endothelial cells from patients with von Willebrand
disease
Groeneveld D1, van Bekkum T1, Dirven R1, Wang J2,3,
Voorberg J4, Reitsma P1 and Eikenboom J1
1
Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; 2Cardiovascular
Research Institute, National University Heart Centre Singapore;
3
Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine,
Singapore, Singapore; 4Department of plasma proteins, SanquinAMC Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Background: Endothelial von Willebrand factor (VWF) has been
shown to negatively regulate angiogenesis, the formation of new vessels from pre-existing ones. Blood Outgrowth Endothelial Cells (BOECs) isolated from type 1 and 2 von Willebrand disease (VWD)
patients showed enhanced in vitro angiogenesis compared with healthy
control BOECs. Characterisation of the angiogenic response of BOECs from VWD patients is however limited and differences between
the different types of VWD have not been investigated in detail.
Aims: The aim of this study was to further explore the potential pathogenic role of VWF mutations in regulating angiogenesis.
Methods: We isolated BOECs from 4 healthy individuals, 4 patients
with type 1, 5 patients with type 2, 1 patient with type 3 VWD and 1
heterozygous carrier of a type 2N mutation. Angiogenic response was
assessed by cell migration using a scratch-wound assay and time-lapse
microscopy and tube formation using an in vitro Matrigel assay.
Results: Migration velocity and total tube formation was similar
between BOECs from VWD patients overall and control BOECs. BOECs from the type 3 VWD patient and one type 2B patient showed
increased migratory velocity and tube formation compared with BOECs from other patients and controls. Migratory directionality was
impaired in 8 out of 10 VWD BOECs. The ability to form tubes was
limited to early passages of VWD BOECs, but not for control BOECs.
Conclusion: We did not observe an increased angiogenic potential in
VWD BOECs compared with control BOECs, but individual patients
showed both increased and decreased angiogenic potential. Interestingly, almost all patients showed impaired migratory directionality.
ABSTRACTS
BOECs from VWD patients provide an easily accessible model to
investigate the pathogenic role of VWF in regulating angiogenesis in
VWD. However, the loss in angiogenic phenotype at later passages
should be taken into account when performing angiogenesis assays
with BOECs from VWD patients.
Disclosure of Interest: D. Groeneveld Grant/Research Support from:
This work was financially supported by a grant from the Netherlands
Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO, grant no. 91209006)., T.
van Bekkum: None declared, R. Dirven: None declared, J. Wang:
None declared, J. Voorberg: None declared, P. Reitsma: None
declared, J. Eikenboom: None declared.
PO661-TUE
Regulation of VWF-GPIB interaction with modified
recombinant botrocetin
Matsui T1 and Hori A2Hamako J3, Matsushita F4, Takagishi N5,
Kondo K6, Kano T6, Hayakawa M7, Matsumoto M7 and
Fujimura Y7
1
Department of Biology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Fujita
Health University School of Health Sciences, Toyoake; 2Technical
Group, FANCL B&H Corp., Yokohama; 3Department of
Physiology, Faculty of Medical Management and Information
Science; 4Department of Biology, Faculty of Rehabilitaion, Fujita
Health University School of Health Sciences; 5Clinical Laboratory
Medicine, Graduate School of Health Sciences; 6Department of
Pharmacology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine,
Toyoake; 7Department of Blood Transfusion Medicine, Nara
Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
Background: Botrocetin is a hetero-dimer protein of a and b subuints
purified from snake venom of Bothrops jararaca. Botrocetin specifically binds to von Willebrand factor (VWF), and the complex induces
GPIb-dependent platelet agglutination. We have cloned cDNAs of
botrocetin-like protein (Bot-2) and obtained the recombinant proteins
(rBot-2).
Aims: We have tried to identify the important residues of Bot-2 for
binding to VWF and platelet GPIb, and tried to produce unique
mutant rBot-2 that binds to VWF but interferes GPIb-binding.
Methods: Point mutation was introduced into cDNAs of Bot-2 subunits by QuickChange II site-directed mutagenesis kit. Mutated cDNAs
were introduced into 293T cells with GeneJuice transfection reagent
and each recombinant protein in cultured medium was purified by
anti-botrocetin monoclonal antibody-conjugated agarose column.
Binding activities of rBot-2s for VWF or GPIb were examined by
ELISA. Effects of rBot-2s on ristocetin- or shear-induced platelet
agglutination were assessed.
Results: The mutant rBot-2 substituted to Ala at D70 in b subunit
showed decreased binding activity toward immobilized VWF. The
mutant of R115A and K117A in b subunit after complexed with VWF
has decreased binding activities toward GPIb (glycocalicin). We have
focused on the GPIb-binding activity of VWF-Bot-2 complex and
tried to produce rBot-2 substituted to acidic residues at R115 and
K117. The rBot-2 containing both R115E and K117E substitution had
normal VWF-binding activity but showed no apparent platelet agglutinating activity. To the contrary, this double mutated protein inhibited ristocetin- or shear-induced platelet agglutination.
Conclusion: We concluded that D70 in b subunit of botrocetin is
important for VWF-binding, and that R115 and K117 in b subunit are
essential for interacting with GPIb. Double mutated rBot-2 containing
R115E and K117E substitution has a potential activity leading to an
anti-thrombotic reagent.
747
PO662-TUE
von Willebrand factor to monitor percutaneous aortic
valve interventions
Rauch A1,2, Van Belle E2,3, Vincentelli A2,4, Jeanpierre E1,
Legendre P5, Juthier F2,4, Rousse N4, Banfi C4, Godier A6,
Caron C1, Annabelle D1,2, Zawadski C1,2, Corseaux D2,
Mouquet F3, Delhaye C3, Staels B2, Goudemand J1,2, Jude B1,
Lenting P5 and Susen S1,2
1
Haematology Transfusion, Lille University Hospital; 2INSERM
UMR 1011, Univ Lille 2, Institut Pasteur de Lille; EGID;
3
Cardiology; 4Cardiac Surgery, Lille University Hospital, LILLE;
5
INSERM U770 & UMR S770, University Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin
Bicetre; 6INSERM UMR 1140, Paris, France
Background: Percutaneous aortic valve procedures are a major breakthrough in the management of patients with aortic stenosis (AS). In
some circumstances their result can still be inadequate while their evaluation in real-time is challenging. We hypothesized that: 1) recovery of
high molecular weight multimers (HMWM) of von Willebrand factor
(VWF) defect, could occur within minutes following acute changes in
blood flow, 2) a bedside point-of-care assay (PFA-CADP), reflecting
HMWM changes, could be used to monitor percutaneous aortic valve
procedures.
Aims: To investigate the time course of HMWM and PFA-CADP
recovery in models and patients with instantaneous reversal of pathological high shear stress.
Methods: We investigated the time course of the recovery of HMWM
defects under conditions allowing an almost instantaneous reversion
of high shear stress in an AS-rabbit model (n = 17). We further investigated the recovery of HMWM and monitored these changes with
PFA-CADP in AS-patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve
implantation (TAVI, n = 20) or balloon valvuloplasty (BAV, n = 10).
Results: Experiments in the AS-rabbit model demonstrated that recovery of HMWM occurs within 5 min. TAVI-patients experienced an
acute decrease in shear stress and a recovery of VWF defects within
minutes of implantation. In BAV-patients, a modest improvement in
shear stress and no recovery of VWF defects were observed. PFACADP profiles mimicked HMWM recovery both in TAVI-patients
(correction) and BAV-patients (no correction). In TAVI-patients, the
PFA-CADP at the end of the procedure was significantly higher in the
4 patients with aortic regurgitation (AR) than in the 16 patients without AR (225 41 s vs. 100 23 s, P < 0.01).
Conclusion: These results demonstrate that the recovery of VWF multimeric pattern is highly dynamic, occurring within minutes after
changes in blood flow. Assessing VWF changes overtime with a pointof-care assay like PFA-CADP could be useful to monitor acute
changes in blood flow during BAV and TAVI procedures.
PO663-TUE
Platelet and endothelial function evaluation in
pediatric chronic kidney disease (CKD)
Dusse LMS1, Silva RM1, Sousa LN1, Nunes FF1, Diniz R2,
Silva MV1, Loures C3, Carvalho MG1 and Silva AS4
1
Clinical and Toxicological Analysis; 2Department of
Epidemiology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo
Horizonte; 3Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal
University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte; 4Department of
Pedriatric, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte,
Brazil
Background: CKD is classified in stages 1 to 5, according to glomerular
filtration rate and is associated with atherosclerosis. VWF levels are a
marker for endothelial or platelet function. ADAMTS13 cleaves
748
ABSTRACTS
VWF, preventing thrombus formation in glomerular capillary lumen.

P-selectin/CD62P is a useful marker of platelet activation. Reninangiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors reduce vascular
and glomerular endothelium injury by inhibiting the pro-fibrotic and
pro-inflammatory actions.
Aims: Evaluating platelet and endothelial function through the P-selectin expression, VWF and ADAMTS13 plasma levels determination in
CKD pediatric patients.
Methods: This study was approved by local Ethical Committee and
consent was obtained in all cases. It included 49 CKD patients (6
18 years old), stages 1 and 2 (N = 11) and stage 3 (N = 38) and 31
healthy volunteers. Platelet P-selectin expression was evaluated by flow
cytometry, and VWF and ADAMTS13 levels by ELISA. Groups were
compared considering CKD stages and the use of RAAS inhibitors.
Results: CKD patients showed lower P-selectin comparing to control
group [1.735%(CI: 1.238) vs. 2.360% (CI: 1.897), P = 0.0006]. VWF levels were higher in CKD patients than in controls [1157 384.8 vs.
843.3 366.9 mU mL1, P = 0.0005]. ADAMTS levels did not differ
between CKD patients and controls (1537 481.2 vs. 453.5
1509 ng mL1). However, they are higher in stages 1 and 2 CKD than
in stage 3. Stage 3 patients were compared according the RAAS inhibitors treatment (users, N = 24 and non-users, N = 14). VWF levels were
lower in RAAS users [1063 315.0 vs. 432.1 1429 mU mL1;
P = 0.0047]. P-selectin and ADAMTS did not differ among groups.
Conclusion: Our data point to a potential maintenance of ADAMTS13
antithrombotic property in CKD pediatric patients at an early stage.
Despite higher VWF, low P-selectin suggests platelet inhibition in vivo.
The highest VWF found in RAAS inhibitors non-user patients may
indicate endothelial injury and higher thrombotic potential in these
patients.
Disclosure of Interest: None declared. Support: CNPq and FAPEMIG/Brazil.
PO664-TUE
Functional study of two new mutations in the C4
domain of von Willebrand factor
Legendre P1,2, Delrue M3,4, Boisseau P5, Ternisien C6,
Fressinaud E1, Veyradier A7, Denis CV3,4, Lenting PJ1,4 and
Christophe OD1,4
1
Unit 1176, Inserm, Le Kremlin-Bicetre; 2UMR_S1176, University
Paris-Sud; 3Unit 1176, Inserm, Le Kremlin Bicetre; 4UMR_S1176,
en
etique
University Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicetre; 5Laboratoire G
Moleculaire; 6Hematologie biologique, CHU Nantes, Nantes;
7
^pital Lariboisi
Service dhematologie Biologique, Ho
ere, AP-HP,
Paris, France
Background: In the framework of the French National Reference Center for von Willebrand Disease (VWD), two new mutations in the C4
domain have been identified: p.V2517F and p.R2535P. Patients displayed a mild bleeding phenotype and were classified as type 1 VWD.
The C4 domain of von Willebrand factor (VWF) contains the RGD
sequence which allows binding to integrin alphaIIbbeta3. So far, functional studies about mutations in this domain have been scarce.
Aims: To characterize binding of recombinant VWF proteins carrying
these mutations to various ligands of VWF.
Methods: Stable cell lines (BHK-furin cells) producing each mutant
were developed. Culture medium was collected and concentrated.
Binding tests to monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to VWF, to collagens
type 1 and 3, to glycoprotein Ib, to factor VIII and to integrin alphaIIbbeta3 were performed using an Elisa setting.
Results: VWF p.V2517F bound normally to all mAbs covering the
entire VWF molecule Binding of this mutant was normal to all ligands
except to aIIbb3 where a 50% inhibition of binding was measured.
VWF p.R2535P displayed mildly reduced binding to the different
mAbs. However, binding of this mutant to alphaIIbbeta3 was reduced
by 90% compared to wild-type VWF. Binding to other ligands was

also decreased although to a lesser extent (between 70% of reduction
for binding to FVIII to almost normal binding to glycoprotein Ib).
Conclusion: We have identified previously unrecognized VWF mutants
with defects in binding to alphaIIbbeta3 when the protein was
expressed as homozygous mutants. The heterozygous state of the
patients will warrant a milder phenotype.
PO665-TUE
POstoperative changes in von Willebrand factor (VWF)
after orthopaedic surgery in haemostatically healthy
patients
von Depka M, Detering C, Wermes C, Nawroth B, von Depka E
and Ekhlasi-Hundrieser M
Werlhof Institute, Hannover, Germany
Background: Defects in VWFmay result in bleeding, e.g. postsurgical
bleeding events. However, the natural course of VWF after orthopaedic surgery is unknown. These patients are supposed to develop hypercoagulability that encourages thrombotic events.
Aims: The aim of the project was to analyse VWF levels in haemostatically healthy patients undergoing hip- or knee-surgery and their correlation with surgical blood loss.
Methods: In total 109 surgeries in haemostatically healthy patients
were performed (hip: n = 64/59%; knee: n = 45/41%) in this prospective study. Blood samples were collected pre- and post-op (0, 48 h, 1,
2, 3, 4, 6 post-op-day) to analyse VWF and other coagulation parameters. Furthermore, volume of blood loss was assessed intra- and postoperatively.
Results: Depending on surgery type a continuous increase of VWFactivity was detected in both subgroups and also in the total group
from pre- (123.4%) to D3 post-op (261.7%). From D4 post-op the
VWF-activity-level decreased in all groups. VWF- antigen levels rose
until D4 post-op from 132.7% to 247.7%, respectively. Significant differences in VWF-activity as well as -antigen were found between hipand knee-surgery from D2 to D6 (P < .05) showing higher levels of
VWF in hip-surgery. Furthermore, low pre-op VWF clearly led to significantly higher total blood loss (P < .005) and secondary post-op
blood loss (P < .05). In addition, pre-operative FXIII-level did not
influence total blood loss.
Conclusion: The course of VWF after surgery showed constantly rising
values until day 3 and longterm highly elevated levels postsurgically.
The reason and clinical significance for this are unclear. Further studies are necessary to clarify the role of this natural course with regard to
bleeding cessation and wound healing.
PO666-TUE
Generation of reference intervals for two automated,
new-generation von Willebrand factor activity assays
on a large donor population
Mayger K1, Moore GW1, Michiels JJ2, Vangenechten I3 and
Gadisseur A3
1
Department of Diagnostic Haemostasis and Thrombosis, Viapath
LLP, St Thomas Hospital, London, UK; 2Bloodcoagulation and
Vascular Medicine Research, Goodheart Institute In Nature
Medicine and Health, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; 3Hemostasis
Research Unit, Department of Haematology, Antwerp University
Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
Background: Circulating von Willebrand factor (VWF) levels are influenced by a variety of biological factors. Normal individuals with O
ABSTRACTS
blood group demonstrate 2535% lower VWF levels than non-O individuals. Although assessment of VWF values for von Willebrand disease (VWD) diagnosis tends to be made irrespective of blood group,
blood group-specific cut-offs can be useful in some cases.
Aims: To generate general and blood group-specific reference intervals
(RIs) for two new-generation VWF activity assays on a large donor
population.
Methods: The HemosIL VWF:RCo assay (on an ACL TOP 500)
involves binding plasma VWF to recombinant GpIba fragments
attached to latex particles with the aid of ristocetin. The Innovance
VWF:GpIbM assay (on a Sysmex CS2000i) utilises a recombinant
GpIba containing two gain-of-function mutations and is ristocetinindependent. VWF antigen (VWF:Ag) was determined using HemosIL
VWF:Ag immunoassay on the ACL TOP 500.
Results: Three parameters were derived from each of the 201 plasma
samples obtained from healthy donors. 183/201 samples had a known
ABO blood group. RIs were calculated as 95% confidence limits.
Median (M) and RI values are presented as follows: Non-O blood
group (N = 84): VWF:Ag: 110.8; 64.5185.5; VWF:RCo: 97.7; 50.1
153.5; VWF:GpIbM: 100.1; 37.1164.3. Group O (N = 95): VWF:Ag:
82.8; 53.2127.4; VWF:RCo: 72.3; 44.8123; VWF:GpIbM: 66.8;
31.6105.1. Combined results, irrespective of blood group, (N = 201):
VWF:Ag: 94.2; 53.3169.7; VWF:RCo: 86.6; 47.0152.9; VWF:
GpIbM: 80.2; 38.0165.2. All results are expressed in IU dL1.
Conclusion: Blood group significantly influences VWF levels and it is
important to use blood group specific reference intervals for the diagnosis of VWD. The VWF activity values also depend on the method of
analysis applied. VWF:GpIbM demonstrates lower values for VWF
activity when compared with VWF:RCo. Reagent / analyzer specific
RIs should be locally determined.
PO667-TUE
Exposure of von Willebrand factor (VWF) to vortex
shear significantly enhances its proteolysis by plasmin
Brophy TM and ODonnell JS
Haemostasis Research Group, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin,
Ireland
Background: Recent studies show that plasmin acts as a natural alternative to ADAMTS13 in a mouse model of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). Exposure of VWF to shear by vortexing
enhances its proteolysis by ADAMTS13. However, plasmin-mediated
proteolysis of VWF has not yet been examined in this quantitative
manner.
Aims: In this study, we sought to examine plasmin-mediated proteolysis over time of plasma-derived VWF (pdVWF) under shear, using a
modified form of the vortex assay to allow timepoint sampling and
multimer analysis.
Methods: Purified pdVWF (6 lg mL1) and plasmin (100 lg mg1
VWF) were vortexed at 2500 rpm for 5 min. Proteolysis was stopped
with 15 lM aprotonin. High molecular weight (HMW) and low
molecular weight (LMW) VWF multimers were assessed by agarose
gel electrophoresis, followed by immunoblotting and densitometric
analysis (Image J). All experiments described are n 3.
Results: Multimeric pdVWF is cleaved by plasmin in a time- and
shear-dependent manner, with loss of HMW pdVWF (0 mins vs. 5
mins, P = 0.0048) and gain of LMW pdVWF (0 mins vs. 5 mins,
P < 0.0001). In the absence of plasmin or in the absence of shear, there
is no significant multimeric alteration. Plasmin cleavage of VWF is
completely prevented with the known plasmin inhibitors, aprotonin
(0.5 lM; P = 0.018), and the lysine analogue e-aminocaproic acid
(50 mM; P = 0.0039). Shear-dependent plasmin-mediated proteolysis
of pdVWF is observed without CaCl2 (P = 0.0240) but is enhanced in
its presence (10 mM; P = <0.0001). In contrast, CaCl2 is absolutely
749
required for ADAMTS13 proteolysis in this assay (no CaCl2,

P = 0.7890; CaCl2, P = <0.0001). Furthermore, under static conditions, plasmin-mediated proteolysis of VWF is significantly enhanced
in the presence of ristocetin (1 mg mL1; 60 min; P = 0.0107) or urea
(1.5 M; 120 min; P = 0.0067).
Conclusion: Shear-induced plasmin-mediated proteolysis of VWF may
be of relevance in the acquisition of VWD in aortic stenosis or upon
left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation.
Disclosure of Interest: T. Brophy: None declared, J. ODonnell Grant/
Research Support from: Baxter, Bayer, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, Speaker
Bureau of: Baxter, Bayer, Novo Nordisk, Leo Pharma, Octapharma.
PO668-TUE
Belgian multicenter study into von Willebrand disease
(B-Will study): first results
Vangenechten I1, Jochmans K2, Devreese K3, Motte S4 and
Gadisseur A1
1
Hemostasis Unit, Department of Hematology, Antwerp
University Hospital, Edegem; 2Department of Hematology,
University Hospital Brussels, Brussels; 3Department of Clinical
Chemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University Hospital
Gent, Gent; 4Department of Vascular Medicine, University
Hospital ULB-Erasme, Brussels, Belgium
Background: von Willebrand Disease (VWD) is an autosomally inherited bleeding disorder caused by a quantitative or qualitative defect of
von Willebrand factor (VWF). The current ISTH classification is
based on measuring VWF:Ag, VWF:RCo, Ristocetin Induced Platelet
Aggregation (RIPA) and VWF multimers, but ignores molecular
analysis of the VWF gene.
Aims: Multicenter family-based analysis of VWD in Belgium.
Methods: Blood samples were collected from patients with known
VWD (all types) with one of the following characteristics: VWF:
Ag < 35%, VWF:RCo < 35%, VWF:RCo/VWF:Ag < 0.7, VWF:CB/
VWF:Ag < 0.7, FVIII:c/VWF:Ag < 0.5, or positive low RIPA, and
grouped in families each consisting of a proband and affected siblings
or parents. FVIII:c, VWF:Ag, VWF:RCo, VWF:CB, VWFpp, VWFFVIII binding (if indicated), PFA-100 and RIPA, VWF multimers and
molecular analysis were performed to (sub) classify the patients.
Results: So far, blood has been collected from 123 patients representing 77 families with VWD. Distribution of different subtypes is as follows: VWD type 1 in 77/123 patients, type 2 in 31/123 (19/123 type
2A, 11/123 type 2M and 1/123 type 2N), and type 3 in 5/123 patients.
All cases of type 3 VWD (5/123) were based on the presence of type 1
VWD in both parents. Molecular analysis is still ongoing with currently 56/123 patients fully analyzed and the remainder partially. So
far, 27 mutations in the VWF gene have been found in 56/123 patients,
of which 7 are new to the ISTH VWD database and awaiting gene
expression studies.
Conclusion: This study is the first characterisation of VWD in the Belgian population. These data will contribute to understanding the phenotype-genotype relationship in VWD. Full laboratory and
multimeric analysis for all current is finished. Molecular analysis is
ongoing. Accrual of patients by participating centers is ongoing to
provide a more comprehensive overview of the Belgian VWD population.
750
ABSTRACTS
PO669-TUE
The von Willebrand factor A2 domain disulfide bond
exists in oxidized and reduced states in the circulation
and regulates function
Hogg P1Butera D1, Andrews R2, Gardiner E2, Davis A3,
Murphy D3, Baker R4, Thom J5, Chen V1, Luken B6, Wong J1,
Aponte-Santamara C7, Bronowska A7, Baldauf C8 and Graeter F7
1
University of New South Wales, Sydney; 2Monash University;
3
Alfred Hospital, Melbourne; 4Murdoch University; 5Pathwest
Perth, Perth, Australia; 6Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The
Netherlands; 7Heidelberg Institute of Theoretical Studies,
Heidelberg; 8Fritz Haber Institute, Berlin-Dahlem, Germany
Background: von Willebrand factor (VWF) is a multimeric plasma
protein that captures platelets to the injured blood vessel wall during
thrombosis, through interactions with vessel wall collagen and platelet
receptors GP1ba and a2bb3. Only the largest VWF multimers are
effective at capturing platelets in the high shear of flowing blood and
multimer size is regulated by proteolysis of the A2 domain by ADAMTS13. The VWF A2 domain contains a single disulfide bond that links
adjacent cysteine residues, Cys1669 and Cys1670.
Aims: The Cys1669-Cys1670 bond has features of an allosteric disulfide, suggesting that it may act as a functional switch in VWF.
Methods: VWF was isolated from human plasmas and the redox state
of the Cys1669-Cys1670 disulfide bond was determined by differential
cysteine alkylation and mass spectrometry.
Results: The A2 domain disulfide exists in oxidized and reduced states
in circulating VWF in healthy donors (n = 33; 12 males, 21 females;
3182 years old; mean of 68% of the Cys1669-Cys1670 disulfide is
reduced, range 48% to 81%). The extent of reduction of circulating
VWF positively correlates with blood platelet number (P < 0.0001)
and negatively correlates with neutrophil number (P < 0.005), indicating a cell-based redox control of the disulfide. Molecular Dynamics
simulations reveal that reduction of the disulfide has a pronounced
effect on A2 domain dynamics and structure, suggesting that the different redox states have different properties. Indeed, reduced VWF is
more efficiently cleaved by ADAMTS13 than the oxidized protein.
Notably, compared with healthy donors, the VWF disulfide is significantly more oxidized in cardiovascular at-risk patients (P < 0.0001).
Conclusion: The VWF A2 domain disulfide bond exists in oxidized and
reduced states in the circulation and elevated oxidized levels are associated with impaired hemostasis.
PO670-TUE
Modification of ABO(H) blood group antigens on
human vwf with plasma glycosyltransferase
Kano T1,2, Matsushita F3, Hamako J4, Fujimura Y5, Kondo K2 and
Matsui T6
1
Graduate School of Medicine, Fujita Health University;
2
Department of Pharmacology, Fujita Health University School of
Medicine; 3Department of Biology, Faculty of Rehabilitaion;
4
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Management and
Information Science, Fujita Health University School of Health
Sciences, Toyoake; 5Department of Blood Transfusion Medicine,
Nara Medical University, Kashihara; 6Department of Biology,
Faculty of Medical Technology, Fujita Health University School
ofHealth Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
Background: The plasma von Willebrand factor (VWF) is known to
have ABO(H) blood group antigens consistent with those in red blood
cells. Since the plasma concentration of VWF is reported to vary
according to blood groups, its glycosylation is possible to concern the
onset of von Willebrand disease, or may further affect its treatment.

VWF glycosylation mechanism should be important but not yet clarified. Plasma contains glycosyltransferase that constructs ABO(H)
blood group antigens.
Aims: We have investigated whether H-type glycan (blood group O) of
VWF is possible to elongate and is changeable into A- or B-types by
plasma or recombinant glycosyltransferase.
Methods: (i) Bovine serum albumin conjugated with H-type glycan (HBSA) or (ii) VWF prepared from O-type plasma (O-VWF) was incubated with either A-type plasma (AP) or recombinant A-glycosyltransferase (rATase), in the presence or absence of donor sugar (UDPGalNAc) using a GALSERVE AB kit. Blood group A antigens were
detected using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or
the western-blot analysis.
Results: The H-BSA or O-VWF were successfully glycosylated and
transformed into A-type after incubation with higher concentration of
rATase only in the presence of UDP-GalNAc. In the case of AP used,
blood group A antigen was attached on H-BSA but not on O-VWF
after incubation with AP in the presence of UDP-GalNAc.
Conclusion: These results suggest that plasma glycosyltransferase
might have little effect on the construction of blood group antigens of
VWF. Considering the very low concentration of substrates in plasma,
VWF might be glycosylated within the endothelial cells before secretion into plasma.
PO671-TUE
Reference value of von Willebrand factor activity by
immuno-turbidimetry method
Dharma R and Mimanda Y
Clinical Pathology, Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital,
Jakarta, Indonesia
Background: von Willebrand factor (vWF) is a multimeric glycoprotein that function as a bridge between platelets and subendothelial tissue, and also acts as a carrier of factor VIII and protect from
degradation. Hereditary deficiency of vWF or von Willebrand disease
(vWd) can be classified as type I, II, and III. Type I and type III of
vWdare characterized by partial and total quantitative defect, respectively, while type II vWd is a qualitative defect characterized by normal level but decreased vWF activities. Therefore determination of
vWF activities is preferred than vWF level since it can detect qualitative defect of vWF. It has been known that vWF concentration is
affected by ABO blood group.
Aims: The aim of this study is to determine reference value of vWF
activities in O blood group and non O blood group of Indonesian peoples.
Methods: One hundred twenty healthy subjects aged 22 62 year-old,
comprised of 60 with O blood group O and 60 with non-O blood
group were enrolled for this study. The activities of vWF were determined by immuno-turbidimetric method using INNOVANCEâ vWF
Ac from Siemens Healthcare Diagnostic, Germany and automated coagulometer CS-2100i from Sysmex Corp, Japan. Principle of measurement was increased turbidity due to agglutination after the addition of
particle coated with anti GP1b and recombinant GP1b (two gain-function mutations) to plasma sample containing vWF.
Results: The result of vWF activities in O blood group was
74.8% 25.3% (X SD) while in non-O blood group was
101.9% 32.1% (X SD). There was a significant difference
between vWF activities among two groups (P = 0.000)
Conclusion: The reference value of vWF activities in O blood group
was 24.2% 125.4% while in non-O blood group was 37.7% 166.1%. The vWF activities of O blood group was significantly lower
than non-O blood group.
Disclosure of Interest: R. Dharma Grant/Research Support from: PT
Sysmex Indonesia, Y. Mimanda: None declared.
ABSTRACTS
PO672-TUE
Analysis of plasma von Willebrand factor and
complement factor H polymorphisms in patients with
age-related macular degeneration
Yamashita M1, Matsumoto M2, Isonishi A2, Yoshida Y2,
Hayakawa M2, Fujimura Y2 and Ogata N1
1
Department of Ophthalmology; 2Department of Blood
transfusion medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading
cause of severe visual dysfunction in people aged over 50 years in
industrialized countries. Complement factor H (CFH) gene has been
demonstrated to be the major AMD susceptibility gene. Among the
various single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the CFH gene,
Y402H and V62I have been most intensively evaluated. Recently, the
interaction between CFH and von Willebrand factor (VWF) has been
reported.
Aims: To evaluate the pathophysiology of AMD, we investigated the
association between plasma VWF and the CFH polymorphisms
Y402H and V62I in patients with AMD.
Methods: Seventy-three patients (53 male, 21 female) with treatmentnaive exudative AMD were included. As controls, 96 patients with cataract without AMD (age and sex matched) were also included. We
analyzed plasma VWF antigen (VWF:Ag), VWF multimers, and the
genotype for the CFH p.Y402H (c.1204 T>C) and p.V62I
(c.184 G>A)using restriction fragment length polymorphism.
Results: As for Y402H, wild type (TT) was detected in 66 patients and
heterozygote (TC) in 8 patients. The frequency of Y402H in patients
with AMD showed no significant difference compared with those in
controls. In V62I mutation, wild type (GG) was found in 46 patients,
heterozygote (GA) in 26, homozygote (AA) in 2. The incident rate of
AMD in wild type of V62I was significant higher than those in another
type. Plasma levels of VWF:Ag of patients with AMD (175 82%)
were significantly higher than those of controls (138 46%). However, we did not detect relation between VWF:Ag and the CFH
Y402H or V62I. In addition, we found three male patients with severe
AMD complicated with vitreous hemorrhage. Plasma VWF:Ag levels
of these patients were very high. Unusually-large VWF multimers were
detected in all 3 patients with severe AMD.
Conclusion: We found the relation between the risk of AMD onset and
SNP V62I. Because plasma VWF:Ag were significantly increased in
AMD patients, AMD might be developed in association with thrombosis in eye.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Yamashita: None declared, M. Matsumoto
Consultant for: Baxter Healthcare, A. Isonishi: None declared, Y.
Yoshida: None declared, M. Hayakawa: None declared, Y. Fujimura
Grant/Research Support from: Alexion Pharma, N. Ogata: None
declared.
PO673-TUE
Improved resolution of high molecular weight
multimers of recombinant von Willebrand factor
albumin fusion product by agarose electrophoresis/
western blotting
Hey J1, Barnes T1, Zimmermann M1, Yarwood B1, Pical C1 and
Lind H2
1
Bioanalytical Sciences, Csl, Parkville, Australia; 2PRD
Recombinant Technologies, CSL Behring, Marburg, Germany
Background: von Willebrand disease occurs as a result of structural or
functional defects to von Willebrand factor (VWF), a critical mediator
in platelet aggregation and adhesion. A recombinant VWF-albumin
fusion protein (rVWF-FP) is currently under development with the
aim of increasing the plasma half-life for prophylactic administration.
751
VWF and rVWF-FP are both large proteins capable of forming disulfide-linked multimers over a wide distribution of molecular weights
(MWs), with high MW (HMW, 500010,000 kDa) and ultra-large
(UL, > 10,000 kDa) multimers being the most effective mediators of
platelet aggregation. However, consistent visualisation of HMW and
UL multimers by immunoblotting has proved challenging, possibly
due to their large size impeding transfer during electroblotting.
Aims: To address issues in the VWF multimer assay to improve the
detection and visualisation of HMW and UL VWF and rVWF-FP
species
Methods: A dithiothreitol wash step to reduce disulfide bonds prior to
electroblotting was incorporated into the standard agarose-based electrophoresis/immunoblotting procedure for VWF multimer distribution evaluation. Additionally, the use of fluorescence-based antibody
detection was evaluated in place of traditional chromogenic-based
detection
Results: The inclusion of the dithriothreitol reduction step was found
to improve transfer of HMW multimers of both rVWF-FP and VWF
to the polyvinylidene fluoride membrane. Furthermore, the use of fluorescent moiety-conjugated antibodies resulted in superior resolution of
HMW multimers compared with traditional enzyme-conjugated
immunologic detection. Finally, a close positive correlation between
relative abundance of HMW multimers and platelet-binding capacity
was demonstrated.
Conclusion: Optimisation of the analytical procedure for the VWF
multimer assay provides improved resolution and detection of HMW
multimers. It is hoped that these assay improvements will facilitate
future development of VWF products.
Disclosure of Interest: J. Hey Shareholder of: CSL Limited, Employee
of: CSL Limited, T. Barnes Employee of: CSL Limited, M. Zimmermann Employee of: CSL Limited, B. Yarwood Employee of: CSL
Limited, C. Pical Employee of: CSL Limited, H. Lind Employee of:
CSL Behring
PO674-TUE
Analysis of oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy induced
liver injury in patients with advanced colorectal cancer
with special references to von Willebrand factor
Nishigori N1, Matsumoto M2, Koyama F1, Hayakawa M2,
Hatakeyama K3, Fujimura Y2 and Nakajima Y1
1
Department of Surgery; 2Department of Blood Transfusion
Medicine; 3Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Nara Medical
University, Kashihara City, Japan
Background: Oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy has been widely used for
treatment of advanced colorectal cancer (CRC). Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) due to oxaliplatin is one of the serious chemotherapy-associated liver injury (CALI) in patients with CRC. We
previously reported that unusually-large von Willebrand factor multimers (UL-VWFM) were observed in SOS patients after stem cell transplantation.
Aims: To investigate the pathophysiology of CALI after oxaliplatinbased chemotherapy.
Methods: Twenty-three patients with advanced CRC who received oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy with (n = 6) and without (n = 17) bevacizumab (Bev) were included. Of these, 10 patients were diagnosed
with CALI. We analyzed VWF antigen (VWF:Ag) and VWFM before
and until 5 months after chemotherapy.
Results: Splenomegaly was found only in patients who were treated
without Bev. Plasma levels of VWF:Ag and serum levels of aspartate
transaminase (AST) were increased with the number of chemotherapy
in patients with splenomegaly, but not without. We compared between
the oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy with and without (n = 17) Bev
group. Both plasma VWF:Ag and serum AST were increased as the
number of chemotherapy in patients without Bev, but not with.
752
ABSTRACTS
VWFM analysis in patients without bevacizumab showed both the

presence of UL-VWFM and the absence of high molecular weight
VWFM (H-VWFM) during the chemotherary in the same patient. In
contrast, no apparent changes in VWFM pattern were observed in
patients with Bev. Histological findings of liver in patient without Bev
demonstrated sinusoidal dilatation and microthrombi in the sinusoids,
many of which were positive for both anti-IIb/IIIa antibody and antiVWF antibody.
Conclusion: Plasma UL-VWFM might be increased by the damage of
endothelial cells due to oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy and induced
platelet thrombi in sinusoids. H-VWFM and platelets were consumed
in platelet thrombi, which caused CALI and splenomegary. Bev might
prevent CALI and splenomegary through inhibiting platelet thrombi.
PO675-TUE
Desmopressin treatment improves platelet function
under flow in patients with postoperative bleeding
Swieringa F1, Lance M2, Fuchs B3, Feijge M1, Solecka B3,
Verheijen L4, Hughes K1, Deckmyn H5, Kannicht C3, Heemskerk J1
and Van Der Meijden P1
1
Biochemistry, Maastricht University; 2Anesthesiology,
Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The
Netherlands; 3Octapharma Biopharmaceuticals GmbH, Berlin,
Germany; 4Anesthesiology, Diakonessenhuis, Utrecht, The
Netherlands; 5KU Leuven Kulak, Kortrijk, Belgium
Background: Patients undergoing major cardiothoracic surgery are
subjected to dilution due to transfusion of fluids and blood components. These patients may experience perioperative bleeding and are
frequently treated with the endothelial-activating agent desmopressin.
Aims: We investigated the effect of desmopressin administration on
VWF-dependent coagulant and platelet functions.
Methods: Patients (n = 13) who had undergone cardiothoracic surgery
with postoperative bleeding were included after ethical approval and
informed consent. Blood was taken immediately before and 1 h after
desmopressin (0.3 lg kg1 body weight) administration. Coagulant
function was assessed by aPTT, prothrombin and factor VIII levels,
thrombin generation and thromboelastometry. von Willebrand factor
(VWF) antigen levels were determined by nephelometry, multimer
analysis by horizontal discontinuous gel electrophoresis. Thrombus
formation was studied by whole blood perfusion over a collagen surface (shear rate of 1000 s1).
Results: Desmopressin treatment did not change thrombin generation
nor thromboelasticity. Also coagulation factor levels (except factor
VIII) and coagulation times were unchanged. On the other hand, desmopressin raised the already high plasma levels of VWF from 124
(104159) to 156 (125185) IU mL1 (P < 0.05), due to accumulation
of high-molecular-weight VWF multimers. Increased collagen-dependent thrombus formation was detected after treatment, which was
accompanied by a higher fraction of procoagulant, phosphatidylserine-exposing platelets. Markers of thrombus formation correlated with
the plasma levels of VWF. Control experiments confirmed a major
contribution of VWF to thrombus formation and procoagulant activity.
Conclusion: Desmopressin treatment of patients with bleeding complications induces the release of high-molecular-weight VWF multimers,
which enhance platelet activation and thrombus formation under flow
conditions. This may improve haemostasis in these patients.
Disclosure of Interest: F. Swieringa: None declared, M. Lance: None
declared, B. Fuchs Employee of: Octapharma Biopharmaceuticals, M.
Feijge: None Declared, B. Solecka Employee of: Octapharma Biopharmaceuticals, L. Verheijen: None declared, K. Hughes: None
declared, H. Deckmyn: None Declared, C. Kannicht Employee of: Oc-
tapharma Biopharmaceuticals, J. Heemskerk: None declared, P. Van

Der Meijden: None declared.
PO676-TUE
O to avoid myocardial infaction
Dunne E1 and ODonnell J2Kenny D1
1
Cardiovascular Biology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland;
2
Haemostasis Research Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine,
Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
Background: Blood group is a risk marker for myocardial infarction; it
is also a risk marker for bleeding, it is not clear why. The ABO antigens are expressed on both platelet glycoproteins and von Willebrand
Factor (VWF). VWF captures rolling platelets from flowing blood at
sites of vascular injury. Our hypothesis is that expression of AB determinants on platelet surface glycoproteins including GpIb may modulate interaction with VWF.
Aims: To test our hypothesis we perfused blood from healthy normal
donors over a surface of VWF purified from pooled human plasma at
rates of arterial shear (1500s1).
Methods: Microlitre quantities of whole blood were fluorescently
labelled and prefused through a parallel perfusion flow chamber. 1000
images were recorded in real time at a frame rate of 30 frames per second. Using a validated novel tracking algorithm we measured the
number of platelets translocating across VWF, the distance travelled
and velocity of movement for each platelet and the number of platelets
stably adhered to the surface.
Results: Blood from 60 volunteers was analyzed. Platelets from volunteers with blood group O (n = 20) travelled a distance of
7.9 2.5 mM (mean SD) across the VWF surface compared to
6.7 2.9 mM for non-O individuals (n = 40 P = 0.009). In Type O
individuals there was a greater number of translocating platelets than
static platelets compared to non-O donors (ratio 2.6 1.0 vs.
2.0 1.1, P = 0.006).
Conclusion: The results of this investigation demonstrate that platelets
from type O donors interact less with plasma-derived human VWF.
These results are independent of donor VWF plasma concentrations.
Group O platelets expressing terminal H antigen determinants travel
further across and stick less to VWF. Collectively, these data suggest a
novel mechanism through which specific ABO blood groups may modulate risks for both thrombosis and bleeding respectively.
PO677-TUE
von Willebrand factors shear-and-time dependent
degradation under pulsatile shear through a capillary
shear system
Yang S1, Sherif J2, Bluestein D2 and Turitto V1
1
Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago; 2Stony Brook
University, New York, USA
Background: von Willebrand Factor (VWF) is a pivotal protein in
coagulation under shear conditions. The VWF activity is correlated to
the size of the multimers which are degraded by ADAMTS13. However, excessive degradation may be caused by medical devices, such as
ventricular assist devices, which can lead to an acquired von Willebrand Disease. The extent of degradation is correlated to both the
shear stress and exposure time to such forces, but their relative importance in VWF degradation is not known, especially in such medical
devices. In order to better understand the relationship between shear
stress and exposure time in the process of VWF degradation we inves-
ABSTRACTS
tigated the effect of such conditions under pulsatile conditions at high
shear stresses (5001500 dynes cm2) and short exposure times (ms).
Aims: Quantitatively investigate the VWF degradation in a capillary
system under pulsatile shear to determine the relative importance of
shear stress and exposure time.
Methods: Pooled platelet poor plasma (PPP) was prepared from 5 volunteers with IRB-approved consents. PPP was exposed repeatedly (up
to 3009) to shear pulses at 37 C when pumped through tubing of
0.38 mm inner diameter at preselected flowrates. The wall shear stresses ranged 5001500 dynes cm2 with exposure times inversely ranging
from 130 to 40 ms for each pulse. VWF in the sheared PPP was analyzed using electrophoresis in 2% agarose gel followed by Western
Blot and then quantified by densitometry.
Results: Under pulsatile shear exposures with increasing shear stress
(5001500 dynes cm2) and proportionally decreasing time from (130
40 ms), the high and intermediate molecular weight VWF degradation
increased gradually from 36% to 76% (P = 0.004, n = 3) compared to
the controls. The effect of shear stresses on VWF degradation is
1.71 0.06 times of the exposure times.
Conclusion: The results indicate that shear stress effects outweigh the
shear exposure times with respect to VWF degradation under pulsatile
shear exposures in this capillary system.
PO678-TUE
Longitudinal analysis of von Willebrand factor (VWF)
levels in the phase 3 a-long study of recombinant
factor VIII FC fusion protein (RFVIIIFC) in subjects with
hemophilia a demonstrates different magnitudes of
temporal variability
Lillicrap D1, Kulkarni R2, Li S3, Tsao E3, Long A3, Pierce GF3 and
Dumont JA3
1
Queens University, Kingston, ON, Canada; 2Michigan State
University, East Lansing, MI; 3Biogen Idec, Cambridge, MA, USA
Background: Limited data which assess longitudinal von Willebrand
factor (VWF) levels in subjects with severe hemophilia A exist in the
literature.
Aims: To assess VWF antigen (VWF:Ag) level stability and factors
that may affect these levels using data from a large, longitudinal study
of severe hemophilia A.
Methods: VWF:Ag levels were measured periodically during ALONG, a phase 3 study of rFVIIIFc in males 12 years with severe
hemophilia A (< 1 IU dL1 endogenous FVIII). Analyses were conducted to assess the relationship between potential covariates (eg, age,
weight, blood type, study arm, pre-study treatment, HCV, HIV, geographic location, bleeding, number of target joints, serum IgG concentration) and (i) baseline VWF:Ag (multiple regression model) and (ii)
change in VWF:Ag over time (slope; mixed effects model). Characteristics distinguishing subjects with and without large changes in VWF:
Ag (absolute change 30%) were also assessed (logistic regression
model).
Results: At screening, VWF:Ag was assessed in 158 subjects; it was
higher in older subjects and with non-O blood type (both P < 0.05).
Baseline VWF levels were positively correlated with rFVIIIFc half-life
(r = 0.67; P < 0.001). Over the study period, VWF:Ag was generally
stable (estimated slope, 0). For the time period from screening to Day
0 (~7 wk), subjects (n = 155) were categorized based on change in
VWF:Ag as stable (< 15%; n = 87), moderately stable ( 15% to
< 30%; n = 41), or fluctuating ( 30% [+ 30%: median, 38%;
30%: median, 44%]; n = 27); no covariates were identified in this
study to be statistically significantly associated with changes in VWF:
Ag.
Conclusion: VWF:Ag was generally stable during A-LONG, and
higher in older subjects and with non-O blood type; 17% of subjects
753
showed a temporary fluctuation in VWF:Ag. Notably, covariates of

VWF levels may differ in this selected group vs. a general population.
Additional research is needed to identify other potential covariates
associated with changing VWF:Ag levels.
Disclosure of Interest: D. Lillicrap Grant/Research Support from: Bayer, Octapharma, and Biogen Idec, R. Kulkarni Grant/Research Support from: Biogen Idec, Novo Nordisk, and Octapharma, Consultant
for: Biogen Idec, Novo Nordisk, Baxter, Pfizer, and Bayer, S. Li
Shareholder of: Biogen Idec, Employee of: Biogen Idec, E. Tsao
Shareholder of: Biogen Idec, Employee of: Biogen Idec, A. Long
Shareholder of: Biogen Idec, Employee of: Former employee of Biogen Idec, J. Dumont Shareholder of: Biogen Idec, Employee of: Biogen Idec
PO679-TUE
Evaluation of age and glycan-related changes on von
Willebrand factor (VWF) clearance in a VWF deficient
mouse model
Albanez S1, Swystun L1, Sponagle K1, Grabell J2, Brown C1,
James P2 and Lillicrap D1
1
Background: Studies have suggested that differences in von Willebrand
factor (VWF) glycosylation related to ABO blood type and cellular
origin can influence its rate of clearance. Previous results obtained with
surrogate markers of VWF clearance showed that a reduced clearance
contributes to the increase in VWF levels with age. This could be the
result of changes in VWF clearance receptors with age, or intrinsic
changes to VWF that affect its clearance.
Aims: To evaluate age- and glycan related changes on VWF clearance
in VWF/ mice.
Methods: Young (9-weeks) and/or old (> 78-weeks) C57BL/6 VWF/
mice were injected via tail vein with VWF (200 U kg1) and samples
collectedvia retro-orbital bleeding. Recombinant mouse (r-mVWF)
and human VWF (r-hVWF) were produced in HEK293 cells. Plasmaderived mouse VWF (pd-mVWF) was produced in murine hepatocytes
via hydrodynamic injections. Plasma-derived human VWF (pdhVWF) was either commercially available or obtained from young
and old blood type O (23 2 years/70 6 years) and non-O donors
(23 1 years/74 7 years). Half-lives [95% CI] were calculated by a
one-phase exponential decay model. Best-fit values are shown where
no difference was observed.
Results: No difference was found in VWF clearance between young
and old mice for r-mVWF (36 [3341] min, P = 0.78), pd-mVWF (392
[344458] min, P = 0.12) or pd-hVWF (56 [4965] min, P = 0.53), suggesting that no significant changes in VWF clearance receptors occur
with aging. Age and ABO differences in VWF molecules were also
evaluated, but no difference was found between young and old pdhVWF (62 [5572] min, P = 0.98), independent of blood type (63 [56
71] min, P = 0.11). The half-life of r-hVWF was not different to rmVWF (P = 0.28), but they were significantly shorter than the corresponding pd-VWF products (m: 37 vs. 346 min, P < 0.0001 h1: 29 vs.
55 min, P < 0.006).
Conclusion: The VWF/ mouse model is able to demonstrate differential clearance of VWF derived from different cellular sources, but
shows limited recognition of ABO differences or changes in VWF with
age.
Disclosure of Interest: S. Albanez: None declared, L. Swystun: None
declared, K. Sponagle: None declared, J. Grabell: None declared, C.
Brown: None declared, P. James Grant/Research Support from: CSL
Behring, Bayer and Octapharma, Consultant for: CSL Behring and
Octapharma, D. Lillicrap Grant/Research Support from: Bayer, Biogen-Idec, Baxter and Octapharma.
754
ABSTRACTS
PO680-TUE
Annexin A2 SNP regulates plasma von Willebrand
factor levels and is enriched in patients with von
Willebrand disease
Van Heerde W1, Kloots I1, van Puffelen J1, van Duren C1,
Schoormans S1, Brons P2, van Gorkom BL3 and Kiemeney L4
1
Department of Lab Med, Lab of Hematology, Section TH;
2
Department of Pediatric Hematology; 3Department of
Hematology; 4Radboud Institute for Health Sciences,
Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Background: von Willebrand Disease (VWD) type 1 is a heterogeneous
bleeding disorder. In only 70% of VWD type 1 cases the cause is
related to mutations in the von Willebrand Factor (VWF) gene. vWF
is stored in Weibel Palade Bodies (WPB) present in endothelial cells.
Exocytosis of WPB is regulated by the phospholipid binding protein
Annexin A2 (AnxA2).
Aims: We studied whether a common AnxA2 SNP (c. 346G>T,
rs17845226) in the AnxA2 gene, which causes a Valine to Leucine
amino acid change, may affect this process by measuring the VWF levels in controls and by determination of its prevalence in patients with
von Willebrand Disease (VWD).
Methods: Plasma and DNA was collected from a control group
(n = 80) and presumed VWD patients (n = 94). rs17845226 was genotyped by Sanger sequencing. VWF Antigen (VWF:Ag), VWF Ristocetine cofactor activity (VWF:RCo) and vWF collagen binding activity
levels (VWF:CB) were measured in controls, and stratified by heterozygous carriers and non carriers (WT). The SNP data of a genomewide association study (GWAS) control population (n = 1502) of the
Nijmegen Biomedical Study (NBS) was used to calculate the Odds
ratio (OR) with its 95% confidence interval in patients with VWD.
Results: Significant lower levels of VWF:CB were determined in heterozygous carriers of the SNP as compared to WT controls (92 vs.
114 IU dL1, P = 0.029). Both VWF:Ag (88 vs. 107 IU dL1,
P = 0.096) and VWF:RCo levels (88 vs. 107 IU dL1, P = 0.096)
showed a trend to lower levels. The prevalence of the c.346T allele was
shown to be increased in patients with VWD, more specifically in type
1 (OR=3.03, 1.257.08) and 2N (OR=2.88, 1.306.15).
Conclusion: The c. 346T allele in the AnxA2 gene causes lower VWF
antigen and activity levels in healthy controls independent of blood
group. Furthermore, patients with VWD carry more often the c. 346T
allele. The significantly higher odds ratio in type 2N is partly due to a
compound heterozygous effect on Nijmegen type VWD/2N.
Disclosure of Interest: W. Van Heerde Grant/Research Support from:
Unristricted educational grants from Bayer, Baxter and CSL Behring,
I. Kloots: None declared, J. van Puffelen: None declared, C. van Duren: None declared, S. Schoormans: None declared, P. Brons: None
declared, B. Laros-van Gorkom Grant/Research Support from: unrestricted educational grants from Baxter and CSL Behring, Speaker
Bureau of: speaker fees from Sanquin, L. Kiemeney: None declared.
Acquired coagulation disorders/

inhibitors
PO001-WED
Acquired haemostatic disorders by orthotopic liver
transplanation
Blickstein D1, Braun M2, Cohen E3 and Mor E4
1
Thronbosis and Hemostasis Unit; 2Liver Unit; 3Medicine FRecanati and Clinical Pharmacology Unit; 4Transplantaion,
Beilinson Hospital, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
Background: Transmission of hemostatic disorders after orthotopic
liver transplantation (OLT) is rare. FXI is produced by the liver and
its deficiency may cause excessive blood loss. Ashkenazi/Iraqi ancestry

Jews and Israeli Arabs are affected. FV is mainly synthesized by the
liver. A single point mutation in the FV gene at one of the cleavage
sites for activated protein C (APC) is responsible for the coagulation
defect (FV:Q506). This results in a properly activated FV, which is
inactivated in a reduced rate by APC (APC resistance, APCR).
Aims: To report on two patients who underwent OLT and acquired
hemostaic disorders.
Methods: APCR was done by using Factor V Leiden (APCTM Resistance V) reagents and FVIII, FIX, FXI activity was detected by using
a specific factor deficient plasma. All of the above tests were done
using Instrumentation Laboratory (MA, USA) reagents and their
ACL TOP system. FV gene mutation was done by real time PCR using
fluorescence resonance energy transfer probe (FRET) (Thermo Scientific MA, USA).
Results: One patient was a 61 years old man of Libyan Jewish ancestry, referred before lung biopsy because of prolonged PTT (73.6 s,
normal < 40 s) 2 years after OLT for cirrhosis and hepatic carcinoma.
Antiphosholipid antibodies were not detected, FVIII 208%, FIX
121%, FXI 4%(normal > 50%) with no specific antibodies. The second patient was a 48 years old woman with right jugular and subclavian deep vein thrombosis 2 months after OLT because of fulminate
hepatic failure. Screening for thrombophilia revealed low APCR (1.49,
n > 2.2) with no detected mutation in the F V gene.
Conclusion: Transmitted hemostatic disorders after OLT depend on
the genotypes of the recipient and the donor livers and may cause
severe/life threatening complications. Being aware of the potential
transmission of inherited coagulation defects and the availability of
simple and affordable assays, aid in their early detection and management in the transplant donor and recipient.
PO002-WED
Correlation between activated protein C (APC)
resistance and STNFR2 in alzheimer disease patients
carrying EPSILON4 allele of the apolipoprotein E
Moreira P1, das Gracas Carvalho M1, Goncalves GS2, Rios DRA3,
Moraes EN4, Bicalho MAC4, Dusse LMS1, Faria MC1, Silva MVF1,
Fernandes APSM1, Thomassen MC5 and Hackeng T5
1
Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis Faculty of
Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais; 2Centro
Universit
ario Newton Paiva, Belo Horizonte; 3Universidade
Federal de S~
ao Jo~
ao Del Rei, S~
ao Jo~
ao Del Rei; 4Hospital das

Clnicas Faculty of Medicine, FederalUniversity of Minas
Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; 5Department of Biochemistry,
Cardiovascular Research, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The
Netherlands
Background: Presence of the e4 allele of the apolipoprotein E (APOE)
gene is the main genetic risk factor for developing Alzheimer disease
(AD), whose allele leads to production of an APOE isoform unable to
promote proper amyloid-b-peptide (Ab) metabolism, favoring its
deposition in neurons. This seems to be a key event in the pathogenesis
and progression of AD, in addition to inflammatory and hemostatic
mechanisms reported by several studies as important factors exacerbating the neurodegenerative process. Unpublished data of our
research group has shown a significantly higher number of AD
patients with APC resistance, compared to the control group, which
indicates a hypercoagulable state. Plasma levels of soluble receptors
for TNF-a (sTNFR1 and sTNFR2) have been reported as inflammatory activity markers in patients with AD and mild cognitive impairment.
Aims: To investigate whether there is correlation between activated
protein C (APC) resistance and inflammatory markers in e4 allele carriers vs. noncarriers AD patients.
ABSTRACTS
Methods: We evaluated 35 Brazilian AD patients e4 allele carriers and
30 noncarriers patients. APC resistance was determined by thrombin
generation assay, method of CAT (Calibrated Automated Thrombogram), performed in the presence and absence of APC, followed by
calculation of nAPCsr index (normalized activated protein C sensitivity ratio). Plasma levels of soluble receptors for TNF-a (sTNFR1 and
sTNFR2) were measured by ELISA method. Polymorphisms of the
APOE gene were identified by PCR-RFLP.
Results: Only patients with AD carrying e4 allele showed a strong correlation between nAPCsr and sTNFR2 plasma levels (P < 0.001;
r = 0.808 by Spearman test).
Conclusion: These results suggest that APC resistance indicating hypercoagulability in AD patients appears to be related to the inflammatory
status and exacerbated by the presence of e4 allele, confirming its unfavorable character.
Disclosure of Interest: None declared. Supported by CNPq, CAPES
and FAPEMIG Brazil.
PO003-WED
Persistent international normalized ratio (INR)
elevation associated with olmesartan-induced
enteropathy in a patient receiving warfarin
Grath AM1, Lowerison J1,2 and MacKay E2,3
1
Pharmacy Services; 2Anticoagulation Management Services,
Alberta Health Services; 3Department of Medicine, University of
Calgary, Calgary, Canada
Background: Warfarins depletion of Vitamin (Vit) K stores may be
reversed by increasing Vit K intake. Oral Vit K is safe, and predictably
lowers INR within 2448 h in non-urgent situations. Vit K malabsorption can lead to increased warfarin effect and higher INR. Inflammatory bowel conditions like celiac or Crohn disease can cause
malabsorption. There have also been reports of angiotensin II receptor
blocker induced sprue-like enteropathy.
Aims: To report a case of persistently elevated INR despite high dose
oral Vit K in a patient receiving warfarin who developed colitis associated with intermittent olmesartan use.
Methods: A 65-year-old female of West Indian descent with inflammatory colitis and on warfarin for deep vein thromboses, atorvastatin,
and olmesartan. The patient was evaluated for persistently elevated
INR > 9.0, 3 months after initiation of warfarin. The patient had mild
diarrhea and weight loss after re-introduction of olmesartan and
recent intestinal biopsy showed extensive villous atrophy consistent
with autoimmune colitis. The patient had no signs of bleeding. The coagulopathy was resistant to reversal despite with-holding warfarin for
13 days and 25 mg of oral Vit K. Previous elevation of INR normalized over 48 h with 5 mg of oral Vit K. Celiac (TTG) screening was
negative. CBC and liver panel were normal. Haemostasis studies
revealed deficiency in Vit K-dependent clotting factors. Vit K malabsorption due to olmesartan-associated enteritis was suspected.
Results: After further administration of oral Vit K 10 mg daily for
3 days, INR returned to 1.1. Clinically, colitis symptoms resolved with
olmesartan discontinuation and initiation of prednisone with subsequent intestinal biopsy showing improved duodenal appearance.
Conclusion: This case underscores the importance of investigating
severe warfarin-associated coagulopathy including drug-induced malabsorption. When malabsorption is identified, oral or intravenous Vit
K may be required in doses greater than expected to normalize INR.
755
PO004-WED
Differentiation between pro- and anticoagulant activity
demonstrates rebalanced thrombin generation in liver
cirrhosis
Kremers R1,2, Kleinegris M-C2, ten Cate H2, Wagenvoord R1 and
Hemker C1,2
1
Synapse; 2Department of Biochemistry, CARIM, Maastricht
University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
Background: Almost all pro- and anticoagulant factor levels are
reduced in liver cirrhosis patients. However, cirrhosis patients show no
clear bleeding or thrombotic phenotype and thrombin generation
(TG) is (almost) unaffected.
Aims: We aim to determine changes in the underlying processes of TG
in liver cirrhosis and howthis affects TG.
Methods: We have recently developed a method to split a TG curve
into its two underlying processes: prothrombin conversion and thrombin inactivation. We applied this technique to a set of 25 healthy subject and 25 liver cirrhosis patient samples.
Results: Prothrombin levels were decreased in patients (P < 0.001).
The plasma level of antithrombin (AT) was decreased in cirrhosis
patients (P < 0.001), whereas the a2Macroglobulin level (a2M) was
significantly increased (P < 0.001). Both prothrombin conversion and
thrombin inactivation are markedly reduced in cirrhosis patients. The
total amount of prothrombin converted during TG was reduced in
patients (P < 0.001), but the maximum rate of prothrombin conversion (i.e. the activity of the prothrombinase complex) was unchanged.
The inactivation of thrombin by AT was reduced in patients
(P < 0.001), and thrombin inactivation by a2M was increased
(P < 0.001). The overall result was a reduction of thrombin decay
capacity in cirrhosis patients (P < 0.001). In silico normalization of
prothrombin conversion in cirrhosis patients caused the ETP to rise to
thrombotic levels (2878 1323 nMmin) and normalization of AT
levels caused a pronounced reduction of peak height and ETP
(P < 0.001).
Conclusion: In conclusion, despite large differences in prothrombin
conversion and thrombin inactivation, TG in liver cirrhosis patients
remains within the normal range (rebalanced), and normalization of
either process would induce a thrombotic or bleeding phenotype.
Disclosure of Interest: R. Kremers Employee of: Synapse, M.-C.
Kleinegris: None declared, H. ten Cate: None declared, R. Wagenvoord Employee of: Synapse, C. Hemker Employee of: Synapse.
PO005-WED
Hemostatic effects of regenerative therapy in patients
with alcoholic cirrhosis-a developing country
experience
Saxena P1, Bihari C2, Dhiman P1, Rastogi A2 and Sarin SK3
1
Hematology; 2Pathology; 3Hepatology, Institute of Liver and
Biliary Sciences, Delhi, India
Background: Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is the
most commonly used growth factor for mobilizing bone marrow stem
cells which are postulated to carry the potential to repopulate the liver
parenchyma and allow maturation of its progenitors into hepatocytes.
While patients with cirrhosis suffer from profound hemostatic defects
leading to hemorrhagic as well as prothrombotic derangements, it is
hypothesized that regenerative therapies like G-CSF might lead to
improvement of these coagulopathic anomalies.
Aims: To detect coagulation profile improvement in alcoholic cirrhotics, post G-CSF therapy using viscoelastic and conventional coagulation techniques.
Methods: A prospective study, approved by the Institutional Ethics
Committee (comprising 45 patients of biopsy proven compensated
756
ABSTRACTS
alcoholic cirrhosis with prior informed consent) was undertaken.

Blood samples were taken prior to and post 60 day G-CSF therapy
(5 lg kg1). The post therapy samples were collected from only 39
patients (6 dropouts due to poor compliance in 4, adverse drug reaction in 2). The pre(PR) and post(PO) therapy prothrombin time (PT),
international normalized ratio (INR), activated partial thromboplastin
time, proteinC, antithrombin, factor VIII, von Willebrand factor (coagulometric assays), platelet count (by cell counter) and activated clotting time (ACT), clot rate and platelet function (viscoelastic method,
sonoclot) were analysed using paired t test. P value considered significant if < 0.05.
Results: Mean age was 49.1 8.5 years, 93% of which were males.
PO samples showed significant improvement (P < 0.05) in Factor VIII
levels (mean 160.1 97.6 IU dL1) as compared to PR samples
(mean 224.98 90.8 IU dL1). While the previously prolonged PT,
INR and ACT values improved, the difference was not significant. No
change was seen in other parameters.
Conclusion: To conclude, the 60 day G-CSF therapy led to normalization of factor VIII levels (vis-a-vis other coagulation parameters) in
alcoholic cirrhotics. Larger studies are needed to validate the results.
Disclosure of Interest: P. Saxena Grant/Research Support from:
Funded under Young Scientist Grant by Department of Science and
Technology, New Delhi, India, C. Bihari: None declared, P. Dhiman:
None declared, A. Rastogi: None Declared, S. Sarin: None declared.
PO006-WED
Two Japanese cases of acquired factor V inhibitor
which were initially diagonosed with congenital factor
V deficiency
Bingo M1, Shinozawa K2, Hagiwara T1, Inaba H1, Suzuki T1,
Amano K1,2 and Fukutake K1,2
1
Laboratory Medicine; 2Molecular Genetics of Coagulation
Disorders, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
Background: Acquired factor V (FV) inhibitor is a rare bleeding disorder, and the clinical phenotypes range from asymptomatic laboratory
abnormalities to fatal bleeding episodes. A diagnosis of acquired FV
inhibitors is based on the presence of inhibitors against FV by mixing
studies and the Bethesda method.
Aims: We report here two Japanese cases of acquired FV inhibitor that
were initially diagnosed with congenital FV deficiency by mixing studies.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients diagnosed with
acquired FV inhibitor in our hospital.
Results: Case 1: A 55-year-old woman with hematuria was referred to
our hospital. Coagulation tests revealed marked prolongation of aPTT
(103 s) and PT (> 60 s). Her FV activity was 3.0% and mixing studies
of patient and normal plasma could correct aPTT, so she was diagnosed with congenital FV deficiency. A year later she developed intramuscular bleeding of her left thigh and was admitted to our hospital.
Mixing studies failed to correct, which suggested the presence of inhibitors. As we considered the possibility of acquired FV inhibitor, predonisolone (PSL) was initiated, and then coagulation tests almost
normalized several days later. Case 2: An 84-year-old woman with urinary tract infection was admitted to neighboring hospital. Coagulation
tests revealed prolongation of aPTT and PT (aPTT 78 s, PT-INR
3.74). Her FV activity was 15.9%, and mixing studies could correct
aPTT, so she was diagnosed with congenital FV deficiency. A month
later, she was admitted to the hospital because of intra-articular bleeding of her left knee. At this point, she was diagnosed with acquired FV
inhibitor because mixing study failed to correct. She was administerd
PSL, then coagulation studies improved and FV inhibitor disappeared.
Conclusion: We reported two Japanese cases of acquired FV inhibitor,
which were initially diagnosed with congenital FV deficiency. In
patients with acquired FV inhibitor, mixing studies at the early phase

of the disease may result in a misleading diagnosis.
Disclosure of Interest: M. Bingo Consultant for: Bayer, Novo Nordisk,
Paid Instructor at: Bayer, Baxter, Speaker Bureau of: Bayer, Baxter,
K. Shinozawa Grant/Research Support from: Baxter, Paid Instructor
at: Bayer, Novo Nordisk, Speaker Bureau of: Baxter, Bayer, Pfizer,
Novo Nordisk, T. Hagiwara Consultant for: Baxter, Novo Nordisk,
CSL Behring, Biogen Idec, Paid Instructor at: Bayer, Speaker Bureau
of: Baxter, Pfizer, H. Inaba Grant/Research Support from: Baxter,
Consultant for: Baxter, Paid Instructor at: Bayer, Speaker Bureau of:
Baxter, Bayer, Pfizer, T. Suzuki Grant/Research Support from: Novo
Nordisk, Consultant for: Pfizer, Novo Nordisk, Baxter, Paid Instructor at: Bayer, Novo Nordisk, Speaker Bureau of: Baxter, Bayer, Novo
Nordisk, Sekisui Medical, K. Amano Consultant for: Baxter, Bayer,
Novo Nordisk, Paid Instructor at: Baxter, Bayer, Speaker Bureau of:
Baxter, Pfizer, Biogen Idec, Bayer, Kaketsuken, Novo Nordisk, K.
Fukutake Grant/Research Support from: Baxter, Bayer, Pfizer, Kaketsuken, Japan Blood Products Organization, CSL Behring, Novo Nordisk, Consultant for: Baxter, Pfizer, Biogen Idec, Bayer, CSL Behring,
Kaketsuken, SRL, LSI Medience, Novo Nordisk, Paid Instructor at:
Baxter, Bayer, Speaker Bureau of: Baxter, Bayer, Pfizer, Biogen Idec,
Novo Nordisc, CSL Behring, Roche Diagnostics, Fujirebio Inc, Sekisui Medical.
PO007-WED
Treatment of aquired factor V inhibitors resulting in
disseminated intravascular coagulation
Tarrant J1, Hughes C1, Malins L2, Howard M2 and Horn EH1
1
Haematology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds; 2Haematology,
The York Hospital, York, UK
Background: Factor V (FV) inhibitors are a very rare acquired coagulopathy.
Aims: To raise awareness of complications in treating FV inhibitors.
Methods: We report 2 cases presenting within a year, in a regional UK
haemophilia service covering a population of 2,600,000.
Results:
Case 1: A 43 year old female had an uncomplicated apronectomy
with liposuction 2 weeks prior to presentation with a retroperitoneal
bleed. Screening tests showed PT 65 s and APTT 180 s (no correction on 50:50 mixing with normal plasma). There was an isolated
reduction of FV 0.03 iu mL1 and a Bethesda assay set up against
FV demonstrated an inhibitor. She received FEIBA, platelets, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) and prednisolone. 7 days later she
deteriorated with possible sub-arachnoid bleeding. Despite recombinant Factor VIIa, she died. Prior to death her fibrinogen level was
0.5 g L1. Post mortem showed intracranial bleeding with microvascular thrombosis.
Case 2: A 61 year old female presented with intra cranial bleeding.
Full blood count was normal and PT was 25 s, APTT 73 s (50:50
mix, no correction), Clauss fibrinogen 4.6 g L1. She had an isolated
reduction in FV to 0.06 iu mL1 with a FV inhibitor of 6 BU.
There was a history of a severe adverse reaction to Naproxen
approximately 4 weeks prior. Platelet transfusion, FEIBA
(50 iu kg1 bd) and prednisolone were started. After 3 days she
developed haematuria and laboratory evidence of disseminated
intravascular coagulation (DIC). FEIBA was stopped; fibrinogen
concentrate, platelet transfusions, as a source of FV, and IVIg were
given. The FV level rose rapidly and remains above 1 iu mL1
whilst steroids are reducing.
Conclusion: FV inhibitors have been associated with topical bovine
thrombin during surgery, autoimmunity, malignancy and drugs, especially antibiotics. In our cases, medication was possibly the trigger.
Treatment with FEIBA was associated with DIC in both of our cases.
ABSTRACTS
We propose that platelets should be considered as first line therapy in
FV inhibitor patients.
PO008-WED
Lupus anticoagulant hypoprothrombinemia
syndrome in a 7-year old girl: a case report
Patiroglu T, Yilmaz E, Unal E, Karakukcu M and Ozdemir MA
Pediatric Hematology, Erciyes University Medical Faculty,
Kayseri, Turkey
Background: Lupus anticogulant (LA) can be associated with bleeding
as a consequence of hypoprothrombinemia.
Aims: We present the report of a patient with hemorrhagic symptoms
in combination of hypoprothrombinemia and LA.
Methods: A 7 year-old girl was admitted with epistaxis for 5 days. On
physical examination, she had scleral icterus, echimosis and hepatomegaly. The complete blood count was normal expect hemoglobin of
47 g L1. The coagulation screening showed a prolonged prothrombin
time (PT) (60.8 s) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
(118.6 s). Although a packed fresh frozen plasma was administered to
the patient, the prolonge of PT and aPTT continued. Therefore, the
mixing study was performed but both PT and aPTT did not improve.
Results: Factor assay revealed a low prothrombin level (4.46 %). The
lupus anticoagulant and anti nuclear antibody were found positivity
but anti DS-DNA was negativity in advanced laboratory examination
of patient respectively. Further evaluation revealed the presence of
immunoglobulin (Ig) G an M anticardiolipin antibodies, IgG and IgM
anti-b-2-glycoprotein antibodies, IgG and IgM anti phosphotydilserin
antibodies. After 5 days of mega dose methylprednisolone
(30 mg kg1 day1) was administered to the patient, PT (13.6 s) and a
PTT (38.4 s) were measured normal and directly Coombs test was
found negatively. Therefore, mega dose methylprednisolone treatment
was stopped. One month after stopping of the treatment with mega
dose methylprednisolone she had again both prolonged PT and aPTT,
and the positivity of directly Coombs test. In this period, it was
revealed the presence of immunoglobulin (Ig) G an M anticardiolipin
antibodies, IgG and IgM anti-b-2-glycoprotein antibodies, IgG and
IgM anti phosphotydilserin antibodies. Hence, the patient re-treated
with steroid. Her family asked the follow-up in another hospital.
Conclusion: The low dose immunosuppresive treatment in the patients
with LA and hypoprothrombinemia is necessary to continue for the
long time
PO009-WED
Achieving haemostatic control in acquired haemophilia
a with plasma derived FVIII infusions
Luo P-L1, Austin S2, Atwal S3, Mangles S4, Rangarajan K5 and
Ranagarajan S6
1
Haematology, St Georges Medical School; 2Department of
Haematology, Guys and St Thomas Hospital; 3Haematology,
Kingston NHS Trust, London; 4Department of haematology,
Hampshire NHS Foundation Trust; 5Haematology, Hampshire
Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; 6Haematology, Hampshire NHS
Foundation Trust, Hampshire, UK
Background: Acquired Haemophilia A (AHA) is a rare and potentially
life-threatening disorder characterised by the development of autoantibodies against FVIII. Although bypassing agents (aPCC/rFVIIa) are
efficacious in achieving haemostatic control, the thrombotic risk is 2
4% and even higher in patients with pre-existing thrombotic risk fac 2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997
757
tors. The use of plasma derived FVIII (pdFVIII) concentrate remains

an attractive option for managing AHA patients with low titre inhibitors. However, the lack of a consensus and unpredictability of achieving haemostatic control limits its use.
Aims: To describe our experience of pdFVIII concentrate (Fanhdi) in
the treatment of AHA.
Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of AHA patients treated with Fanhdi between 20092014.
Results: Four patients were identified with median (IQR) age 84 years
(8187). At diagnosis the FVIII:C were 1, 12 iu dL1, and undetectable in 2 patients with inhibitor levels of 8, 1, 64 and 1000 BU mL1
respectively. Whilst all patients presented with severe bleeding, they
had coexisting cardiovascular disease necessitating cautious use of
bypassing agents. Consequently, bypassing agents were stopped

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ABSTRACTS

2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997

which could be reversed by the addition of DNAse, while aPC known

Platelets and bacteria

2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997

from HIT-patients. PolyP ( 45 mers) enhance binding of PF4 to

Genetic basis of platelet disorders

involved in the regulation of vesicle trafficking to d-granule formation,

p.K218E, p.K219N, p.V220D substitutions within an ATPase-AAA-4,

2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997

New alternatives for treating

2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997

reduced from 32.5 to 2.0, 18.3 to 1.2, and 15.2 to 0, respectively. In

Womens issue in venous

2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997

tiphospholipid syndrome (APS), which led to the use of anticoagulant

2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997

coagulation proteins including factor VII interact with tissue factor to

Methods: Apobtm2Sgy Ldlrtm1Her/J KO mice (56 weeks) were given

Coagulation, fibrinolysis, immunity

periphery. These suggest that coagulation and fibrinolysis are closely

Conclusion: This study identified FXIa as a protease that can cleave

gins, the assays have proven useful in diagnosing patients at increased

whether circulating endothelial cells (CECs) which are released when

2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997

2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997

control and differentiation. miR-223 was most highly expressed in all

Obesity Bench to bedside

sue of obese individuals induce the expression of a proinflammatory

2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997

Sickle cell disease

injured individuals, especially given the standard blood bank practice

2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997

2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997

MacDonald D , Bem D , Fletcher S , Futterer J1, Leo V4,

Protease activated receptors

2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997

2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997

Results: Lowering circulating prothrombin levels to ~10% of normal

a VWF mutant lacking collagen binding. Mice expressing VWF with

2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997

2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997

2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997

ing this overexpression remains unknown. Recent evidence indicated

Tools for evaluation of bleeding

2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997

episode of major bleeding. The proportion of patients classified as low

Cancer and Thrombosis Clinical

2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997

Khorana AA1, Kamphuisen PW2, Meyer G3, Bauersachs R4,

Background: Predictors of recurrent VTE (rVTE), unlike primary

2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997

Background: The association between venous thromboembolism

Vascular Progenitor Cells and

2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997

2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997

sion. The local institutional ethical review committee approved the

Vessel wall in health and disease

2015 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 13 (Suppl. 2) (2015) 1997