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Hibernatecaching PDF

This document discusses caching in Hibernate, including what caching is, the different levels of caching in Hibernate (first-level and second-level), common second-level cache implementations like EHCache and OSCache, caching strategies like read-only, read-write, and transactional, configuring caching in Hibernate, and monitoring caching performance via statistics.

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Pijush Karmakar
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
134 views

Hibernatecaching PDF

This document discusses caching in Hibernate, including what caching is, the different levels of caching in Hibernate (first-level and second-level), common second-level cache implementations like EHCache and OSCache, caching strategies like read-only, read-write, and transactional, configuring caching in Hibernate, and monitoring caching performance via statistics.

Uploaded by

Pijush Karmakar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Hibernate Caching

Topics

What is Caching?
Hibernate caching
Second-Level Caching implementations
Second-Level Caching strategies
Hibernate performance monitoring

Caching
3

What is Caching?

Used for optimizing database applications.


A cache is designed to reduce traffic between
your application and the database by
conserving data already loaded from the
database.

Database access is necessary only when retrieving


data that is not currently available in the cache.
The application may need to empty (invalidate) the
cache from time to time if the database is updated or
modified in some way, because it has no way of
knowing whether the cache is up to date
4

Hibernate
Caching
5

Two Different Caches (for Caching


Objects)

First-level cache

associated with the Session object

Second-level cache

associated with the SessionFactory object

First-level Cache

Hibernate uses first-level cache on a pertransaction basis (within a single transaction


boundary)

Used mainly to reduce the number of SQL queries it


needs to generate within a given transaction.
For example, if an object is modified several times
within the same transaction, Hibernate will generate
only one SQL UPDATE statement at the end of the
transaction, containing all the modifications

Second-level Cache

Second-level cache keeps loaded objects at the


Session Factory level across transaction
boundaries
The objects in the second-level cache are
available to the whole application, not just to the
user running the query

This way, each time a query returns an object that is


already loaded in the cache, one or more database
transactions potentially are avoided.

Query-level Cache
9

Query-level Cache

Use it when you need to cache actual query


results, rather than just persistent objects

10

Second-Level Cache
Implementations
11

Cache Implementations

Hibernate supports these open-source cache


implementations out of the box

EHCache (org.hibernate.cache.EhCacheProvider)
OSCache (org.hibernate.cache.OSCacheProvider)
SwarmCache
(org.hibernate.cache.SwarmCacheProvider)
JBoss TreeCache
(org.hibernate.cache.TreeCacheProvider)

Commercial cache implementation

Tangosol Coherence cache


12

EHCache

Fast, lightweight, and easy-to-use in-process


cache
Supports read-only and read/write caching, and
memory- and disk-based caching.
However, it does not support clustering

13

OSCache

Part of a larger package, which also provides


caching functionalities for JSP pages or arbitrary
objects.
It is a powerful and flexible package, which, like
EHCache, supports read-only and read/write
caching, and memory- and disk-based caching.
It also provides basic support for clustering via
either JavaGroups or JMS

14

SwarmCache

Is a simple cluster-based caching solution


based on JavaGroups.
Supports read-only or nonstrict read/write
caching (the next section explains this term).
This type of cache is appropriate for applications
that typically have many more read operations
than write operations.

15

JBoss TreeCache

Is a powerful replicated (synchronous or


asynchronous) and transactional cache.
Use this solution if you really need a true
transaction-capable caching architecture

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Cache Strategies
(for Second-Level)
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Caching Strategies

Read-only
Read/write
Nonstrict read/write
Transactional

18

Caching Strategy: Read-only

Useful for data that is read frequently but never


updated.
Simplest and best-performing cache strategy.

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Caching Strategy: Read-only


<hibernate-mapping
package="com.wakaleo.articles.caching.businessobjects">
<class name="Country" table="COUNTRY" dynamic-update="true">
<meta attribute="implement-equals">true</meta>
<cache usage="read-only"/>
<id name="id" type="long" unsaved-value="null" >
<column name="cn_id" not-null="true"/>
<generator class="increment"/>
</id>
<property column="cn_code" name="code" type="string"/>
<property column="cn_name" name="name" type="string"/>
<set name="airports" >
<cache usage="read-only"/>
<key column="cn_id"/>
<one-to-many class="Airport"/>
</set>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

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Caching Strategy: Read/Write

Appropriate if your data needs to be updated.


They carry more overhead than read-only
caches.
In non-JTA environments, each transaction
should be completed when Session.close() or
Session.disconnect() is called.

21

Caching Strategy: Read/Write


<hibernate-mapping package="com.wakaleo.articles.caching.businessobjects">
<class name="Employee" table="EMPLOYEE" dynamic-update="true">
<meta attribute="implement-equals">true</meta>
<cache usage="read-write"/>
<id name="id" type="long" unsaved-value="null" >
<column name="emp_id" not-null="true"/>
<generator class="increment"/>
</id>
<property column="emp_surname" name="surname" type="string"/>
<property column="emp_firstname" name="firstname" type="string"/>
<many-to-one name="country"
column="cn_id"
class="com.wakaleo.articles.caching.businessobjects.Country"
not-null="true" />
<!-- Lazy-loading is disactivated to demonstrate caching behavior -->
<set name="languages" table="EMPLOYEE_SPEAKS_LANGUAGE" lazy="false">
<cache usage="read-write"/>
<key column="emp_id"/>
<many-to-many column="lan_id" class="Language"/>
</set>
</class>
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</hibernate-mapping>

Caching Strategy: Nonstrict Cache

Does not guarantee that two transactions won't


simultaneously modify the same data.

Therefore, it may be most appropriate for data that is


read often but only occasionally modified.

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Caching Strategy: Transactional

A fully transactional cache that may be used


only in a JTA environment

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Cache Configuration
25

Cache Configuration in Hibernate


Configuration File
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
...
<property name="hibernate.cache.use_query_cache">
true
</property>
<property name="hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache">
true
</property>
<property name="hibernate.cache.provider_class">
org.hibernate.cache.EhCacheProvider
</property>
...
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
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Monitoring
Performance
27

Statistics

Hibernate provides a full range of figures about


its internal operations.
Statistics in Hibernate are available per
SessionFactory.

Option1: Call sessionFactory.getStatistics() and read


or display the Statistics yourself.
Option2: Through JMX

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Statistics Interface

Hibernate provides a number of metrics, from


very basic to the specialized information only
relevant in certain scenarios.
All available counters are described in the
Statistics interface API, in three categories:

Metrics related to the general Session usage, such


as number of open sessions, retrieved JDBC
connections, etc.
Metrics related to he entities, collections, queries,
and caches as a whole (aka global metrics),
Detailed metrics related to a particular entity,
collection, query or cache region.

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Statistics Interface

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Example Code
Statistics stats = HibernateUtil.sessionFactory.getStatistics();
double queryCacheHitCount = stats.getQueryCacheHitCount();
double queryCacheMissCount = stats.getQueryCacheMissCount();
double queryCacheHitRatio =
queryCacheHitCount / (queryCacheHitCount +
queryCacheMissCount);
log.info("Query Hit ratio:" + queryCacheHitRatio);
EntityStatistics entityStats =
stats.getEntityStatistics( Cat.class.getName() );
long changes =
entityStats.getInsertCount()
+ entityStats.getUpdateCount()
+ entityStats.getDeleteCount();
log.info(Cat.class.getName() + " changed " + chang
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Thank You!
32

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