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    Organic Chemistry

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    Yuke Djulianti
    Organic chemistry is the study of carbon-containing compounds and their properties. Historically, organic compounds were thought to require a vital force to form only in living organisms, but in 1828 Friedrich Wohler synthesized the organic compound urea from inorganic precursors, disproving this theory. Organic compounds are characterized by covalent bonding and lower boiling points compared to inorganic compounds. Major classes of organic compounds find applications in food, fuels, household products, medicines, and more. While beneficial in many applications, some organic compounds can also negatively impact health and the environment.

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    Organic Chemistry

    Uploaded by

    Yuke Djulianti
    321 views4 pages
    Organic chemistry is the study of carbon-containing compounds and their properties. Historically, organic compounds were thought to require a vital force to form only in living organisms, but in 1828 Friedrich Wohler synthesized the organic compound urea from inorganic precursors, disproving this theory. Organic compounds are characterized by covalent bonding and lower boiling points compared to inorganic compounds. Major classes of organic compounds find applications in food, fuels, household products, medicines, and more. While beneficial in many applications, some organic compounds can also negatively impact health and the environment.

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    Organic chemistry is the study of carbon-containing compounds and their properties. Historically, organic compounds were thought to require a vital force to form only in living organisms, but in 1828 Friedrich Wohler synthesized the organic compound urea from inorganic precursors, disproving this theory. Organic compounds are characterized by covalent bonding and lower boiling points compared to inorganic compounds. Major classes of organic compounds find applications in food, fuels, household products, medicines, and more. While beneficial in many applications, some organic compounds can also negatively impact health and the environment.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    321 views4 pages

    Organic Chemistry

    Uploaded by

    Yuke Djulianti
    Organic chemistry is the study of carbon-containing compounds and their properties. Historically, organic compounds were thought to require a vital force to form only in living organisms, but in 1828 Friedrich Wohler synthesized the organic compound urea from inorganic precursors, disproving this theory. Organic compounds are characterized by covalent bonding and lower boiling points compared to inorganic compounds. Major classes of organic compounds find applications in food, fuels, household products, medicines, and more. While beneficial in many applications, some organic compounds can also negatively impact health and the environment.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 4

    Organic Chemistry

    1. Definition
    In general, organic chemistry is the study chemical of a compound that could be obtained
    from living organism.

    In modern version, the definition is divide into two, there are:

    1. The study of molecular compounds of carbon atom.


    2. The properties of organic compounds are a result of the covalent bonds within their
    molecules.
    Organic compounds are compounds that contained carbon atom and its derivate.

    1. History
    2. Since 1780, scientist began to distinguish between organic and inorganic compounds.
    3. Organic compounds are compounds that could be obtained from living organism.
    4. Inorganic compounds are coming from non-living organism.

    1. Vitalism
    2. The intervention of a vital force was needed to synthesize organic compounds.
    3. Therefore, such synthesize could only take place in living organism and couldnt take
    place in test tube and flask of the laboratory.

    Vital force theory:

    Inorganic materials could be converted to organic materials in the presence of a vital force
    found only in living bodies.

    1828 Fredrich Wohlers period

    1. Synthesize the organic compound urea ( a constituent urine).


    2. Urea was synthesize by evaporating an aqueous solution containing the organic
    compound ammonium isocyanate.
    3. At the age of 27th , he discovered Aluminum.

    Table of the differentiation organic and inorganic compounds.

    Organic compounds

    Inorganic compounds

    Covalent bonding

    Ionic/covalent bonding

    Low boiling point <3500 C

    High boiling point >3500 C

    Low melting point

    Low melting point

    Flammable

    Inflammable

    Low solubility in water

    High solubility in water

    Non-conductor

    Conductor

    Chemical reaction are slowly

    Chemical reaction are fast

    Show isomerism >2

    Isomerism is limited, max 2

    Classification of organic compounds

    In the present age, a lot of the materials around us are obtained from the synthesis of a
    molecules or organic substances. Because now is the modern age, then it is very easy we can
    make an organic substance itself by synthesizing.

    So far, we had gotten the benefit from the organic compounds but we also must be aware
    because all of organic compounds do not always give the benefits for us. Organic compounds
    also have a negative impact on our daily life.

    The benefits of organic chemistry in daily life are:

    1. Food [starch, sugars, fats, vitamins, protein]


    2. Fuel [wood, coal, alcohol, gasoline]
    3. Household [paper, soap, cosmetics, oils, paints]
    4. Textiles [cotton, wool, silk, linen, rayon, nylon]
    5. Medicines and disinfectants [penicillin, quinine, aspirin, sulfa drugs]
    6. Toxins [opium, strychnine]
    7. Perfume [vanilla, camphor]
    8. Explosives [nitroglycerine, dynamite, picric acid, TNT]
    9. Dyes [indigo, Congo red, malachite green]
    10. Gas war [mustard gas, chloropicrin, Lewisite]

    The negative impact of organic chemistry in daily life are:

    1. Some of them are hazardous to health.


    2. Can cause environmental pollution.
    3. Affect ecosystems on earth.

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