AQA Mechanics 1 Kinematics in one dimension
Section 2: The constant acceleration formulae
Solutions to Exercise
1.
(i) v u at
5 (3 2)
11
(ii) v u at
4 ( 2 3)
2
(iii) v 2 u 2 2as
10 2 42 2 6s
100 16 12 s
84 12 s
s7
(iv) s ut 21 at 2
15 3 21 5 3 2
45 22.5
22.5
2. (i) v 2 u 2 2as
1 2 6 2 2a 4
1 36 8a
8a 35
a 4.375
(ii) s ut 21 at 2
12 3 4 21 a 42
12 12 8a
a 0
(iii) v 2 u 2 2as
0 2 u 2 2 4 12
u 2 96
u 9.80
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AQA M1 Kinematics in 1D 2 Exercise solutions
(iv) s ut 21 at 2
10 2u 21 4 2 2
10 2u 8
2u 18
u 9
3. (i) v u as
v 5 23
v 11
s ut 21 at 2
s 5 3 21 2 3 2
s 24
(ii) s vt 21 at 2
64 18 8 21 a 8 2
64 144 32 a
32a 80
a 2.5
s 21 (u v )t
64 21 8(u 18)
16 u 18
u2
s 21 (u v )t
4. u 0
v 17
21 (0 17) 30
t 30
255
s ?
The distance travelled is 255 m.
15000
25
ms 1
ms 1
3600
6
30000
25
ms 1
ms 1
30 kmh-1
3600
3
5. 15 kmh-1
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AQA M1 Kinematics in 1D 2 Exercise solutions
s 1300
v 2 u 2 2as
25
6
25
v
3
a k
25 25 2k 1300
3
6
625 625
2600k
9
36
1875
2600k
36
25
k
1248
6. 108 kmh-1
u 0
v 30
s 25
a ?
108000
ms1 30ms 1
3600
v 2 u 2 2as
30 2 0 2 2a 25
900 50a
a 18
The acceleration is 18 ms-2.
Assumption: that the acceleration is constant.
7. While accelerating:
u 0
v u at
t 20
30 0 20a
v 30
a 1.5
a ?
The acceleration in the first 20 seconds is 1.5 ms-2
In the first 20 seconds
u 0
s 21 (u v )t
t 20
21 (0 30) 20
v 30
300
s ?
In the minute at constant speed of 30 ms-1, distance 30 60 1800 m
Total distance travelled = 2100 m.
Assumption: that the acceleration is constant during the first 20 seconds.
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AQA M1 Kinematics in 1D 2 Exercise solutions
8.
70 kmh-1
70000
175
ms 1
ms 1
3600
9
2
2
v u 2as
175
9
2
175
v 0
0
2 5 s
9
a 5
s 37.8 (3 s.f.)
s ?
Yes, he comes to a stop 22.2 m before the accident.
9.
u 20
v 0
s 30
a ?
v 2 u 2 2as
u 20
v 0
s 30
t ?
s 21 (u v )t
0 20 2 2a 30
60a 400
a 6.67
This is a retardation of 6.67 ms-2.
30 21 (0 20)t
30 10t
t 3
It takes 3 seconds to come to rest.
v u at
10. u 2
v 16
16 2 10a
t 10
14 10a
a ?
a 1.4
The acceleration is 1.4 ms-2.
u2
v 16
t 10
s ?
s 21 (u v )t
21 (2 16) 10
90
It travels 90 m.
11. Taking positive to be upwards:
u 6
v u at
6 9.8 2
a 9.8
13.6
t 2
v ?
The stone hits the water at a speed of 13.6 ms-1.
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AQA M1 Kinematics in 1D 2 Exercise solutions
u 6
a 9.8
t 2
s ?
s ut 21 at 2
6 2 21 9.8 2 2
7.6
The initial height of the stone is 7.6 m.
12. In the first two seconds:
s ut 21 at 2
t 2
s 10
u ?
a ?
10 2u 21 a 2 2
5 u a
(1)
In the first four seconds:
t 4
s ut 21 at 2
s 32
32 4u 21 a 42
u ?
32 4u 8a
a ?
8 u 2a
(2)
(2) - (1) : 3 a
u2
In the first six seconds:
s ut 21 at 2
t 6
u2
a 3
s ?
2 6 21 3 6 2
66
The distance moved in the last 2 seconds is 66 32 = 34 metres.
13. Taking upwards to be positive:
s ut 21 at 2
u 25
s3
3 25 t 21 9.8t 2
a 9.8
4.9t 2 25 t 3 0
t ?
Using the quadratic formula:
25 25 2 4 4.9 3
2 4.9
t 0.123 or 4.979
The ball is above 3 metres between these two times, so the length of time for
which the ball is above 3 m is 4.979 0.123 = 4.856 seconds.
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14. Take downwards to be positive.
For the first stone:
s ut 21 at 2
u 0
a 9.8
h 21 9.8T 2
t T
h 4.9T 2
s h
For the second stone:
s ut 21 at 2
u 15
a 9.8
h 15(T 1) 21 9.8(T 1)2
t T 1
h 15(T 1) 4.9(T 1)2
s h
4.9T
4.9T
15(T 1) 4.9(T 1)2
15T 15 4.9T
9.8T 4.9
5.2T 10.1
101
T
52
2
101
h 4.9
18.5
52
The height of the cliff is 18.5 m.
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