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Standard Algebraic Expressions: Average

The document discusses hyperbolic functions including sinh, cosh and tanh. It defines cosh(x) as the average of ex and e-x, and sinh(x) as half the difference between ex and e-x. It then lists the six main hyperbolic functions and provides their definitions in terms of imaginary circular angles using Euler's formula, with i being the imaginary unit where i^2 = -1. The document also notes some useful relations for the hyperbolic functions, including that cosh(x) and sech(x) are even functions while the others are odd functions.

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Fatma Abdo
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38 views

Standard Algebraic Expressions: Average

The document discusses hyperbolic functions including sinh, cosh and tanh. It defines cosh(x) as the average of ex and e-x, and sinh(x) as half the difference between ex and e-x. It then lists the six main hyperbolic functions and provides their definitions in terms of imaginary circular angles using Euler's formula, with i being the imaginary unit where i^2 = -1. The document also notes some useful relations for the hyperbolic functions, including that cosh(x) and sech(x) are even functions while the others are odd functions.

Uploaded by

Fatma Abdo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Standard algebraic expressionsEdit

sinh, cosh and tanh

csch, sech and coth

(a) cosh(x) is the average of exand ex

(b) sinh(x) is half the difference of exand ex

The hyperbolic functions are:

Hyperbolic sine:

Hyperbolic cosine:

Hyperbolic tangent:

Hyperbolic cotangent:

Hyperbolic secant:

Hyperbolic cosecant:

Hyperbolic functions can be introduced via imaginary circular


angles:

Hyperbolic sine:

Hyperbolic cosine:

Hyperbolic tangent:

Hyperbolic cotangent:

Hyperbolic secant:

Hyperbolic cosecant:

where i is the imaginary unit with the property that i2 = 1.

The complex forms in the definitions above derive from Euler's


formula.

Useful relationsEdit
Odd and even functions:

Hence:

It can be seen that cosh x and sech x are even functions; the others
are odd functions.

Hyperbolic sine and cosine satisfy the identity

which is similar to the Pythagorean trigonometric identity. One also


has

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