Scribd
Upload
213 views9 pages

SQL Function 1

SQL has built-in functions for calculations and data aggregation. The document describes SQL aggregate functions like AVG(), COUNT(), FIRST(), LAST(), MAX(), MIN(), and SUM() which return a single value calculated from a column. It also describes SQL scalar functions like UCASE(), LCASE(), MID(), LEN(), ROUND(), NOW(), and FORMAT() which return a single value based on an input. It provides examples of using these functions with the Northwind sample database to get average price, number of rows, first/last values, maximum/minimum values, and total sums from tables.

Uploaded by

vijayap71
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
213 views9 pages

SQL Function 1

SQL has built-in functions for calculations and data aggregation. The document describes SQL aggregate functions like AVG(), COUNT(), FIRST(), LAST(), MAX(), MIN(), and SUM() which return a single value calculated from a column. It also describes SQL scalar functions like UCASE(), LCASE(), MID(), LEN(), ROUND(), NOW(), and FORMAT() which return a single value based on an input. It provides examples of using these functions with the Northwind sample database to get average price, number of rows, first/last values, maximum/minimum values, and total sums from tables.

Uploaded by

vijayap71
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 9

SQL Functions

SQL has many built-in functions for performing calculations on data.

SQL Aggregate Functions


SQL aggregate functions return a single value, calculated from values in a column.
Useful aggregate functions:

AVG() - Returns the average value

COUNT() - Returns the number of rows

FIRST() - Returns the first value

LAST() - Returns the last value

MAX() - Returns the largest value

MIN() - Returns the smallest value

SUM() - Returns the sum

SQL Scalar functions


SQL scalar functions return a single value, based on the input value.
Useful scalar functions:

UCASE() - Converts a field to upper case

LCASE() - Converts a field to lower case

MID() - Extract characters from a text field

LEN() - Returns the length of a text field

ROUND() - Rounds a numeric field to the number of decimals specified

NOW() - Returns the current system date and time

FORMAT() - Formats how a field is to be displayed

Tip: The aggregate functions and the scalar functions will be explained in details in the next
chapters.

Demo Database_AVG()
In this tutorial we will use the well-known Northwind sample database.
Below is a selection from the "Products" table:

ProductI
D

ProductName

SupplierI CategoryI
D
D

Unit

Price

Chais

10 boxes x 20 bags 18

Chang

24 - 12 oz bottles

Aniseed Syrup

12 - 550 ml bottles 10

Chef Anton's Cajun Seasoning 2

48 - 6 oz jars

21.35

Chef Anton's Gumbo Mix

36 boxes

25

SQL Queries: Scearios


The following SQL statement gets the average value of the "Price" column from the
"Products" table:

SELECT AVG(Price) AS PriceAverage FROM Products;

19

The following SQL statement selects the "ProductName" and "Price" records that have an
above average price:

SELECT ProductName, Price FROM Products


WHERE Price>(SELECT AVG(Price) FROM Products);

Demo Database_Count()
In this tutorial we will use the well-known Northwind sample database.
Below is a selection from the "Orders" table:
OrderID

CustomerID

EmployeeID

OrderDate

ShipperID

10265

1996-07-25

10266

87

1996-07-26

10267

25

1996-07-29

SQL Queries: Scearios


The following SQL statement counts the number of orders from "CustomerID"=7 from the
"Orders" table:

SELECT COUNT(CustomerID) AS OrdersFromCustomerID7 FROM Orders


WHERE CustomerID=7;

The following SQL statement counts the total number of orders in the "Orders"
table:
SELECT COUNT(*) AS NumberOfOrders FROM Orders;

The following SQL statement counts the number of unique customers in the
"Orders" table:

SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT CustomerID) AS NumberOfCustomers FROM


Orders;

Demo Database_First()
In this tutorial we will use the well-known Northwind sample database.
Below is a selection from the "Customers" table:
Custom
erID

CustomerName

ContactNa
me

Address

City

PostalC Count
ode
ry

12209

Germa
ny

Ana Trujillo

Avda. de la
Mxico
05021
Constitucin 2222 D.F.

Mexico

Antonio Moreno
Taquera

Antonio
Moreno

Mataderos 2312

Mxico
05023
D.F.

Mexico

Around the Horn

Thomas
Hardy

120 Hanover Sq.

London WA1 1DP UK

Berglunds snabbkp

Christina
Berglund

Berguvsvgen 8

Lule

Alfreds Futterkiste

Maria Anders Obere Str. 57

Ana Trujillo
Emparedados y
helados

Berlin

S-958 22

Swede
n

SQL Queries: Scearios


The following SQL statement selects the first value of the "CustomerName" column from the
"Customers" table:

SELECT FIRST(CustomerName) AS FirstCustomer FROM Customers;

Demo Database_Last()
In this tutorial we will use the well-known Northwind sample database.
Below is a selection from the "Customers" table:
Custom
erID

CustomerName

ContactNa
me

Address

City

PostalC Count
ode
ry

12209

Germa
ny

Ana Trujillo

Avda. de la
Mxico
05021
Constitucin 2222 D.F.

Mexico

Antonio Moreno
Taquera

Antonio
Moreno

Mataderos 2312

Mxico
05023
D.F.

Mexico

Around the Horn

Thomas
Hardy

120 Hanover Sq.

London WA1 1DP UK

Berglunds snabbkp

Christina
Berglund

Berguvsvgen 8

Lule

Alfreds Futterkiste

Maria Anders Obere Str. 57

Ana Trujillo
Emparedados y
helados

SQL Queries: Scearios

Berlin

S-958 22

Swede
n

The following SQL statement selects the last value of the "CustomerName"
column from the "Customers" table:
SELECT LAST(CustomerName) AS LastCustomer FROM Customers;

Demo Database_MAX()
In this tutorial we will use the well-known Northwind sample database.
Below is a selection from the "Products" table:

ProductI
D

ProductName

SupplierI CategoryI
D
D

Unit

Price

Chais

10 boxes x 20 bags 18

Chang

24 - 12 oz bottles

Aniseed Syrup

12 - 550 ml bottles 10

Chef Anton's Cajun Seasoning 2

48 - 6 oz jars

21.35

Chef Anton's Gumbo Mix

36 boxes

25

19

SQL Queries: Scearios


The following SQL statement gets the largest value of the "Price" column from the "Products"
table:

SELECT MAX(Price) AS HighestPrice FROM Products;

Demo Database_MIN()
In this tutorial we will use the well-known Northwind sample database.
Below is a selection from the "Products" table:
ProductI
D

ProductName

SupplierI CategoryI
D
D

Unit

Price

Chais

10 boxes x 20 bags 18

Chang

24 - 12 oz bottles

Aniseed Syrup

12 - 550 ml bottles 10

Chef Anton's Cajun Seasoning 2

48 - 6 oz jars

21.35

Chef Anton's Gumbo Mix

36 boxes

25

SQL Queries: Scearios


The following SQL statement gets the smallest value of the "Price" column from the
"Products" table:

SELECT MIN(Price) AS SmallestOrderPrice FROM Products;

19

Demo Database_SUM()
In this tutorial we will use the well-known Northwind sample database.
Below is a selection from the "OrderDetails" table:
OrderDetailID

OrderID

ProductID

Quantity

10248

11

12

10248

42

10

10248

72

10249

14

10249

51

40

SQL Queries: Scearios


The following SQL statement finds the sum of all the "Quantity" fields for the
"OrderDetails" table:
SELECT SUM(Quantity) AS TotalItemsOrdered FROM OrderDetails;

You might also like