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01 Introduction To Physics

This document contains a series of multiple choice and free response questions about dimensional analysis and units in physics. Dimensional analysis involves representing physical quantities in terms of fundamental units like length, mass, and time and determining whether equations are dimensionally consistent. Some key points covered include: - Identifying which sets of fundamental quantities cannot be used to define a system of units. - Relating the numerical value of a physical quantity to the unit it is expressed in. - Dimensionally representing quantities in terms of various base units. - Determining the dimensions of derived quantities using definitions and equations. - Checking whether given equations are dimensionally consistent. The document tests understanding of dimensional analysis through questions about quantities like

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65 views5 pages

01 Introduction To Physics

This document contains a series of multiple choice and free response questions about dimensional analysis and units in physics. Dimensional analysis involves representing physical quantities in terms of fundamental units like length, mass, and time and determining whether equations are dimensionally consistent. Some key points covered include: - Identifying which sets of fundamental quantities cannot be used to define a system of units. - Relating the numerical value of a physical quantity to the unit it is expressed in. - Dimensionally representing quantities in terms of various base units. - Determining the dimensions of derived quantities using definitions and equations. - Checking whether given equations are dimensionally consistent. The document tests understanding of dimensional analysis through questions about quantities like

Uploaded by

bhuvnesh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1

Introduction to Physics
OBJECTIVE I
1.

Which of the following sets cannot enter into the list of fundamental
quantities in any system of units?
(a) length, mass and velocity
(b) length, time and velocity
(c) mass, time and velocity
(d) length, time and mass

2.

A physical quantity is measured and the result is expressed an nu


where u is the unit used and n is the numerical value. If the result is
expressed in various units then
(a) n size of u

(b) n u2

(c) n u

(d) n

1
u

3.

Suppose a quantity x can be dimensionally represented in terms of M,


L and T, that is, [x] = Ma Lb Tc. The quantity mass
(a) can always be dimensionally represented in terms of L, T and x,
(b) can never be dimensionally represented in terms of L, T and x,
(c) may be represented in terms of L, T and x if a = 0,
(d) may be represented in terms of L, T and x if a o 0.

4.

A dimensionless quantity
(a) never has a unit,
(c) may have a unit,

5.

A unitless quantity
(a) never has a nonzero dimension
(b) always has a nonzero dimension,
(c) may have a nonzero dimension
(d) does not exist.

6.

dx
2ax x 2

1
a

a n sin 1

(b) always has a unit,


(d) does not exist.

. The value of n is

(a) 0
(b) -1
(c) 1
(d) none of these.
You may use dimensional analysis to solve the problem.
OBJECTIVE II
1.

The dimensions MC-1T-2 may correspond to


(a) work done by a force
(b) linear momentum
(c) pressure
(d) energy per unit volume.

2.

Choose the correct statement(s) :


(a) A dimensionally correct equation may be correct.
(b) A dimensionally correct equation may be incorrect.
(c) A dimensionally incorrect equation may be correct.
(d) A dimensionally incorrect equation may be incorrect.

3.

Choose the correct statement(s) :


(a) All quantities may be represented dimensionally in terms of the
base quantities.
(b) Abase quantity cannot be represented dimensionally in terms of
the rest of the base quantities.
(c) The dimension of a base quantity in other base quantities is always
zero.
(d) The dimension of a derived quantity is never zero in any base
quantity.
EXERCISES

1.

2.

Find the dimensions of


(a) linear momentum, (b) frequency and

(c) pressure.

Find the dimensions of


(a) angular speed ,
(b) angular acceleration ,
(c) torque r and
(d) moment of interia I.
Some of the equations involving these quantities are
2 1
1
, 2
=
, I = F.r and I = mr2.
t 2 t1

t 2 t1

The symbols have standard meanings.


3.

Find the dimensions of


(a) electric field E,
(b) magnetic field B and
(c) magnetic permeability 0.
The relevant equations are
I
F = qE, F = qvB, and B = 0
2a
where F is force, is charge, v is speed, I is current, and a is distance.

4.

Find the dimensions of


(a) electric dipole moment p and
(b) magnetic dipole moment M.
The defining equations are p = q.d and M = IA
where d is distance, A is area, is charge and I is current.

5.

Find the dimensions of Planck's constant h from the equation E = hv


where E is the energy and v is the frequency.

6.

Find the dimensions of


(a) the specific heat capacity c,
(b) the coefficient of linear expansion a and
(c) the gas constant R.
Some of the equations involving these quantities are
=mc(T2 T1), lt = l0[1 + (T2 T1)] and PV = nRT.

7.

Taking force, length and time to be the fundamental quantities find


the dimensions of
(a) density,
(b) pressure,
(c) momentum and (d) energy.

8.

Suppose the acceleration due to gravity at a place is 10 m/s 2. Find its


value in cm/(minute)2.

9.

The average speed of a snail is 0.020 miles/hour and that of a leopard


is 70 miles/hour. Convert these speeds in SI units.

10.

The height of mercury column in a barometer in a Calcutta laboratory


was recorded to be 75 cm. Calculate this pressure in SI and CGS
units using the following data: Specific gravity of mercury = 13.6,
Density of water = 103 kg/m3, g = 9.8 m/s2 at Calcutta. Pressure = hg
in usual symbols.

11.

Express the power of a 100 watt bulb in CGS unit.

12.

The normal duration of I.Sc. Physics practical period in Indian


colleges is 100 minutes. Express this period in microcenturies. 1
microcentury = 10-6 100 years. How many microcenturies did you
sleep yesterday ?

13.

The surface tension of water is 72 dyne/cm. Convert it in SI unit.

14.

The kinetic energy K of a rotating body depends on its moment of


inertia I and its angular speed . Assuming the relation to be K = kIab
where k is a dimensionless constant, find a and b. Moment of inertia
of a sphere about its diameter is

15.

2
Mr 2 .
5

Theory of relativity reveals that mass can be converted into energy.


The energy E so obtained is proportional to certain powers of mass m

and the speed c of light. Guess a relation among the quantities using
the method of dimensions.
16.

Let I = current through a conductor, R = its resistance and V =


potential difference across its ends. According to Ohm's law, product
of two of these quantities equals the third. Obtain Ohm's law from
dimensional analysis. Dimensional formulae for R and V are ML2I-2T-3
and ML2T-3I-1 respectively.

17.

The frequency of vibration of a string depends on the length L between


the nodes, the tension F in the string and its mass per unit length m.
Guess the expression for its frequency from dimensional analysis.

18.

Test if the following equations are dimensionally correct:


(a) h =

2 S cos
rg

(b)

(c) V =

Pr 4 t
8l

(d) v =

1
2

mgl
I

where h = height, S = surface tension, = density, P =


pressure, V = volume, = coefficient of viscosity, v = frequency and I =
moment of inertia.
19.

Let x and a stand for distance. Is

dx

a x

1
a
sin 1
dimensionally
a
x

correct ?

ANSWERS
OBJECTIVE I
ANSWERS
1.

(a)

2.

(d)

3.

(d)

4.

(c)

OBJECTIVE II
1.

(C, D) 2.

(A,B,D)

3.

(A,B,C)

EXERCISES
1.

(a) MLT-1 (b) T-1 (c) ML-1T-2

5.

(a)

6.

(a)

2.

(a) T-1

3.

(a) MLT-3I-1

(b) MT-2I-1

4.

(a) LTI

(b) L2I

5.

ML2T-1

6.

(a) L2T-2K-1

(b) K-1

7.

(a) FL-4T2

(b) FL-2

8.

36 105 cm/(minute)2

9.

0.0089 m/s, 31 m/s

10.

10 104 N/m2, 10 105 dyne / cm2

11.

109 erg /s

12.

1.9 microcenturies

13.

0.072 N/m

14.

a = 1, b = 2

15.

E = kmc2

16.

V = IR

17.

k
L

(b) T-2

(c) ML2T-2

F
m

18.

all are dimensionally correct

19.

no

(d) ML2

(c) MLT-2I-2

(c) ML2T-2K-1 (mol)-1


(c) FT

(d) FL

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