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CBR Test Uthm

The document describes the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test procedure. The CBR test measures the shearing resistance of crushed aggregate or soil specimens under controlled moisture and compaction conditions. It yields a CBR value that indicates the bearing capacity of the material. A higher CBR value means the material has a greater bearing capacity and quality. The test involves compacting specimens to a standard density and moisture content. Loads are then applied to a piston pressed against the specimen at increasing penetrations, and the resistance pressures are measured to calculate CBR values. CBR values help classify soil and aggregate materials for use in flexible pavement design and construction.

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Mohd Zairul Shafiq Zakaria
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3K views8 pages

CBR Test Uthm

The document describes the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test procedure. The CBR test measures the shearing resistance of crushed aggregate or soil specimens under controlled moisture and compaction conditions. It yields a CBR value that indicates the bearing capacity of the material. A higher CBR value means the material has a greater bearing capacity and quality. The test involves compacting specimens to a standard density and moisture content. Loads are then applied to a piston pressed against the specimen at increasing penetrations, and the resistance pressures are measured to calculate CBR values. CBR values help classify soil and aggregate materials for use in flexible pavement design and construction.

Uploaded by

Mohd Zairul Shafiq Zakaria
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Faculty :

Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering


Department :
Department of Infrastructure and Geomatic Engineering
Title :
CALIFORNIA BEARING RATIO TEST
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The California Bearing Ratio (CBR) was developed by California division of highways as a
method of classifying and evaluating soil-sub-grade and base course materials for flexible
pavements. The CBR test is currently used in pavement design for both roads and airfield
pavement. In some methods CBR is used directly and in some others it is converted to
Resilient Modulus MR using the following relation ships.
MR = 1500 x CBR (ibs/in2)
MR = 10340 x CBR (Kpa)
The laboratory CBR test measures the shearing resistance of a crushed aggregate/soil under
controlled moisture and density conditions. The test yields bearing ratio number that is
applicable for the state of crushed aggregate/soil as tested. The CBR is obtained as the ratio
of the unit stress required of effect a certain depth of penetration of the piston (1935 mm)
into a compacted specimen of crushed aggregate/soil at some water content and density to
the standard unit stress required to obtain the same depth of penetration on a standard
sample of crushed stone. Thus.
CBR = __Test unit stress__
Standard unit stress ** 100
The CBR is usually base on the load ratio for the penetration of 2-5mm. If the CBR value at
the penetration of 5.0 mm is larger, the test should be repeated. If a second test yields a
larger value of CBR at 5.0 mm penetration then this larger value should be adopted.
The CBR test are usually made on test specimens at optimum moisture content (OMC) for
the crushed aggregate/soil as determined from modified compaction test.

Faculty :
Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Department :
Department of Infrastructure and Geomatic Engineering
Title :
CALIFORNIA BEARING RATIO TEST
CBR is used to rate the performances of soils used as bases and sub grade. The following
table gives typical rating :
CBR
0.3
3-7
7-20
20-50
>50

General Rating
Very poor
Poor to fair
Fair
Good
Excellence

Uses
Sub-grade
Sub-grade
Sub-base
Base of sub-base
Base

2.0 OBJECTIVE
To determine the CBR value of the given crushed aggregate/soil sample.

3.0 APPARATUS

1. CBR equipment consisting of 152.4 mm diameter and 178 mm height, An extension


collar of a diameter 51 mm, spacer disk of 150.8mm diameter and 61.4 mm height.
2. Mechanical compaction rammer 50.8 mm die, 2.49 kg and capable of free fall of 305
mm.
3. Surcharge weight to simulate the effect of overlaying pavement weight.
4. CBR machine: A compression machine, which can operate at a constant rate of
1.3mm/min. A metal piston of 1935mm2 is attached to it.

Faculty :
Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Department :
Department of Infrastructure and Geomatic Engineering
Title :
CALIFORNIA BEARING RATIO TEST
4.0 PROCEDURE
1. CBR equipment consisting of 152.4 mm diameter and 178 mm height, An extension
collar of diameter 51 mm, spacer disk of 150.8 mm diameter and 61.4 mm height.
2. Mechanical compaction rammer 50.8 mm die, 2.49 kg and capable of free fall of 305
mm.
3. Surcharge weight to simulate the effect of overlying pavement weight.
4. CBR machine: A compression machine, which can operate at a constant rate of 1.3
mm/min. A metal piston of 1935mm2 is attached to it.
5. The representative crushed aggregate/soil sample is sieved through 20 mm sieve. About
5 kg of crushed aggregate/soil is taken and mixed with optimum moisture content
(OMC).
6. Clamp the mould to the base plate, attach the extension collar and weight. Insert the
spacer disk into the mold and place a coarse filter paper on the top of the disk.
7. Compact the aggregate /soil water mixture into the world in 3 equal layers to give a
height of 127 mm compact each layer in the 10 blows , 30 blows and 65 blows for each
sample.
8. Determine the water content of the crushed aggregate /soil mixture.
9. Remove the extension collar, and using on straight edge, trim the compacted crushed
aggregate/soil even with the top of the mold surface. Remove the spacer disk and
weight the mold with sample.
10. Place the mold with crushed aggregate/soil on the CBR machine and place the
surcharge weight .seat the penetration piston, set the dial gauges for load and
penetration.
11. Apply the loads to the penetration piston at the rate of 1.27mm/min and record the load
at 0.5,1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 7.5, and 10.0mm penetration respectively.

Faculty :
Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Department :
Department of Infrastructure and Geomatic Engineering
Title :
CALIFORNIA BEARING RATIO TEST
5.0 CALCULATION
CBR : Plot the load deformation curve for each specimen. In some cases the initial
penetration takes place without a proportional increase in the resistance to penetration and
the curve may be concave upward. To obtain the true stress-strain relationships, correct the
curve having concave upward shape near the origin by adjusting the location of the origin
by extending the straight the portion of the stress strain curve down ward until it intersects
with x-axis.
Determine the corrected load values at 2.5mm and 5.0 mm and determine the CBR by the
following relationship.
CBR = __Test unit stress__
Standard unit stress ** 100
Standard load at 2.5mm is taken 13.2kN and at 5.0mm it is on 20kN
Dry Density:
Weight of the empty mold
Weight of the mold + soil
Volume of soil sample

= A gm
= B gm
=V

Weight density

= BA
V

Water Content w
Dry Density d

= ____
1+w

Plot the CBR vs Dry density and determine the CBR at 95% of maximum dry density and
repeat this value of CBR.
4

Faculty :
Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Department :
Department of Infrastructure and Geomatic Engineering
Title :
CALIFORNIA BEARING RATIO TEST
Summary of Test Results
Sample No.

No.of Blows

10

30

65

d (gm/cm)

CBR (%)

CBR at 0.95 dmax :

Checked by ; ..

Date :..

6.0 REFERENCES

1. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officals. AASHTO T-1931990.


2. ASTM D1556-1982
3. The Asphalt Institute. The Asphalt Handbook
4. E.J.Yoder Principles of pavement design John-Wiley & Sons, New York.

Faculty :
Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Department :
Department of Infrastructure and Geomatic Engineering
Title :
CALIFORNIA BEARING RATIO TEST
7.0 DISCUSSION

8.0 CONCLUSION

Faculty :
Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Department :
Department of Infrastructure and Geomatic Engineering
Title :
CALIFORNIA BEARING RATIO TEST
DATA SHEET (CBR TEST)
Type of the Test : Soaked/Unsoaked
OMC Date : OMC : d max :

Sample

No. of Blows
Empty wt. of mould, W1
Wt of mould + wet sample, W2
Volume of sample, V
Wet density = ( W2 - W1) / V
Can no.
Wt.of empty can, A
Wt. of can + wet sample, B
Wt. of can + dry sample, C
Water content, W% = [ (B - C) / (C - A)] * 100
Dry Density, d = / ( 1 + W )

Faculty :
Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Department :
Department of Infrastructure and Geomatic Engineering
Title :
CALIFORNIA BEARING RATIO TEST
CBR TEST PENETRATION DATA

Load

Penetration
(mm)

Sample 1
Div.

Corrected

Sample 2
Div.

0.0
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0

Corrected

Sample 3
Div.

Corrected

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