EXERCISE 2.1 A small block slidesin the interior of asmooth semicircular cylinder after being released from rest at the up- per corner A. Because friction is negligible, the speed of the block is given by 0? = 2gh, where /tis the vertical distance the block has fallen. Determine the velocity and acceleration of the block as a function of it. Then sketch the acceleration when h = R/2. EXERCISE 2.4 The collar slides over the stationary guide defined by x= ky? in the vertical plane. The speed of the collar is the constant value v. This motion is implemented by application of a force F of vari- able magnitude parallel to the x axis. Derive expressions for the magni- tude of F and of the reaction exerted by the guide as functions of the y coordinate of the collar. EXERCISE 2.18 A balls thrown down an incline whose angle of elevation is 4. The initial velocity is uv at an angle of ele- vation p. Derive an expression for the distance D measured along the incline at which the ball will return to the incline. Also determine the maximum height /7, measured perpendic- ularly to the incline, of the trajectory. and the corresponding ‘velocity of the ball at that position. EXERCISE 2.20 Pin P. whose mass is 10 g, moves in the horizontal plane within a groove defined by ry =2, where cand y are in meters. The motion is actuated by arm ABC, which translates to the right at the constant speed of 30 mvs. (a) Determine the velocity and acceleration of the collar when x = 2m. (b) Determine the forces exerted on the pin by the groove and arm ABC when x = 2m. Exercise 21EXERCISE 2.30 The device in the sketch rotates about the vertical axis at © = 1800 rev/min, and the angle locat- ing the arms relative to the vertical is known to vary as 6 = (x/3)sin (1201) rad, where t is in units of seconds. De- termine the velocity and the acceleration of sphere A as a function of time. Then evaluate these expressions for the instants when the elevation of the sphere is a maximum and a minimum. EXERCISE 2.31 The vertical shafl rotates at the constant rate Q, and the elevation of pin A is constant. End B of the bar slides over the base table, which translates upward at the con- stant speed u. Describe the velocity and acceleration of end Bof the bar in terms of u, 2, L, and 8 EXERCISE 2.92 The device in the sketch is a flyball gov- enor, which has been used to control the rotation rate ‘of an engine. The concept is that increasing the rotation rate causes the spheres to move outward, thereby causing the vertical rod to move downward, which may be sensed magnetically. Consider a situation in which the angular speed w is unsteady and the vertical velocity of the rod, u, is constant. Describe the acceleration of a ball in terms of ©, @, 8, and u. EXERCISE 2.33 A small block whose mass is 400 ¢ slides inside a right circular cone whose axis is vertical. At a cer- tain instant the block is at r = 200 m, with F = —10 m/s and ¥ = 0. The block’s rotation rate about the cone’s axis is ob- served to be constant at 40 rad/s. Determine the compo: nents of the force tangent and normal to the surface re- quired to obtain this motion. EXERCISE 2.94 The cable, whose length is 300 mm, is fas- tened to the 500-g block. Clockwise rotation of the arm at aconstant angular speed of 5 rad/s causes the block to slide ‘outward. The motion occurs in the vertical plane, and the coefficient of sliding friction is 0.4. Determine the tensile force in the cable and the force exerted by the block on the walls of the groove when @ = 53.1301°EXERCISE 2.45 Pin P slides inside the 400- ‘mm-fadius groove at a constant rate of 8 mis. This motion is actuated by arm AB. Deter- mine the rotation rate of this arm and the rate of change of that rate when (a) 6 = 90°, (b) @= 135°. EXERCISE 2.51 A cable that passes through a hole at point A is pulled inward at the constant rate of 25 m's, thereby causing the 0.2-kg collar to move along the circular guide bar. The sys- tem is situated in the vertical plane. (a) Determine the speed and the rate of change of the speed of the slider at the instant shown in the sketch. (b) If the coefficient of sliding friction is 1. = 04, evaluate the corresponding tension in the cable. EXERCISE 2.52 A collar slides along a guide bar that is bent to the shape of a parabola, y = 8x?, where x and y are measured in meters. The system lies in the horizontal plane. The motion is actuated by pulling on a cable at- tached to the collar and passing though a slot. The rate at which the cable is pulled inward is a constant speed u. (a) For the position x = 1/4 m determine the velocity Exercise 2.62 and acceleration of the collar in terms of u. (b) Determine the tensile force in the cable atr=1/4m. EXERCISE 2.53 Collar C is pushed along the guide bar defined by y= 2(1 — 0.25x), where x and y have units ‘of meters. The angular speed of arm AB that actuates the motion is the constant value w = 20 rad/s, so @ = wt. Determine the forces exerted on the collar by arm AB and the guide bar at x= 1m. The mass of the collar is 2 kg, and gravitational effects are ignorable. Exercise 2.53EXERCISE 2.54 A hydraulic piston in arm AB controls the arm’s length, thereby moving the collar. Guide bar CDE is circular, and it lies in the vertical plane. At the highest position D it is known that L = 10 m/s and L=0. Determine } the speed of the collar and the rate of change of ~ 40q\mm “a |- "os the speed at that location. C | 600 mas Le [2gRsin(s/R)}'"2,, d= gcos(s/R)&% + 2e sin (s/R) eq. 2 Avs) > -( x ++ 19?sina) isin dy 231 5 = ucotdee + LOsinoz%, —ué., n+ 1Qucotoe 233 N=S555.7N, w= 251 5=2948ms, a=—781.3mi", F =2804N. 788. 254 v= 30.05 mis, 1=-S208mis, F =40.01L.N.Problema N'1 Control N'3. 2007-1 Considare un tubo semi-circular de radio R, que gira con velecad angular Constante «3, respecto a un eje vertical, como indica la tigura. En un cierto instante s9 coloca una panicula de masa m en el extremo dal tubo que est sobre el eje de rolacon, sotandola desde ol reposo, La particula desiza con ‘ca dospresiable poral ntrior del tubo. Calle 2), Velocidad absoluta de a particu a sal pore tro extrema del tubo 1b) Fuerza que la pared del tbo ejerce sobre la paula justo antes de que éstasalga dl tubo Solucién: Expresamos primero la ecuacién del movimiento, En la figura se muestra el sistema inercial y no Inercial, a uilzar en nuestro andi. B anid + + O27" +2050" +(x") ne(cordo+senep)+N, B+ NE Las tuerzas: F ‘Terminos de la aceleracién: eA (cosod-+sengp); 2=0 Raaprengk GixcGixi") =—ay(cos99-+seng p)x c4eosok) = efR(sengcos9d— cos!) Porlo tanto, las ecuaclones escalares son: pi mesengs+N, = mR(al cose 6 ai cos 9) « > mgcosd= mR(-af send + + ai sendcose) (2) bs N.=-2mRagsend 3) {9} Velocidad absoluta de a particula Hy tO" +OXP" a> F=ayRO+RAI+ aReosok , donde Se pide la velocidad absolta para @= 2 => necestamos 64= 2) {cos + at, send — a senpcos do (2 = §dd=Lcoro +4 send af sendeoso itd integrand ente 0 y x: 46'(a)= Lsend —ajcoself -aisen’ gf =20f => d(e)=20, Por lo tanto, (4) =—eyRk+ 2Rayd ~ ay Rk -2Ray,dProblema N°3 Control N°3 2008-2 Un aro horizontal, do radio R, gira con velocidad angular constanto {25 en torno a un eje vertical que pasa par el aro (a distancia R de su centro). Una argola de masa m puede desizar sin roce en ela. Inicialmente la aigolla esta en e! punto opuesto al eje y se le da una velocidad Vo relativa al aro, en la misma direccion de gio del aro. Determine la velocidad minima Vo para que Ia argolla legue hasta el cio.Soluci En la figura, representada en el piano del movimiento (horizontal), se define: un sistema fijo de coordenadas polares con origen en el eje vertical de rotacién que se indica ‘en el enunciado, de variables (1,0). > un sistema mévil de coordenadas polares con origen en el centro dal aro, de variables (p,¢). En este problema también interesa analizar el movimiento de ta particula dentro del sistema no inercial recién definido, donde le ecuacion general de este movimiento es: +0xP" + 2x0" +x (@xF")] ‘evaluando los términos de la ecuacién (1) para este caso RO PROD Fa-Nn, p+ NK-mgé 04 ReosoP +05 Rsend § P= cos p-sengp 2, (2, hx 9)= 2, bx, RE =-02 RD Reemplazando estos términos en (1): m(-RG? p+ RO 6)=-N, B+ NA —mg k ~ml-23 R cos9 P+; Rseng §-2,RS p-2: RA| centonces, las ecuaciones escalares en el sistema no inercial son: segin é: O=N;=mg (21) segin p : -mR6°=-N, +m; R coso+m 20, RG +mQ’ RK 22) sogin§: mR6=-mQi R send (23) de la ccuaciin 23): §= 03 eng = 6 $2 2 fros9-cose,] 0)=0 condiciones incites ; $22 ° Vom @6 61 valor minimo de Vopara la particula legue justo al eje <=> con Vp = Vie: $9 =)=0 Imponiendo esta condicién de borde en (3): ve, soa Fi-iko > = 22,8ProBLEMAS Un peqwefio bloque P parte desde elreposo an el Hempo to ek pntotk. sholende: por dipeno thekineslo Cav une dcelerdacn conttante “3" i » ' 1 1 Determine © como freed del Hempo Uw meteorite P es detdado por un observetorio om Ie Herre, vbicado bn eh punto O. Cuando 2h MelOrit0 se omcuewthd on un Shavlo S= ¥5° con Tespedo 0) observatorio se town los siguientes regis-+ros. T= 60 km % = 20 Cows) & = 0.4 (d/s) x