Exercise 02-01: 8051 Assembly Language

QUESTION 1
Determine the contents of the destination operands and flags after executing the
following instructions.

After executing the instructions

Destination operand
CY
AC
(A) = 55H
0
0
(A) =
(A) =

Instruction
MOV A,#55H
ADD A,#E6H
SUBB A,#7BH

OV
0

QUESTION 2

PSW

CY
0

AC
0

F0
0

RS1
0

RS0
1

OV
0

P
0

New Value
10H
0FH
0EH
0DH
0CH
0BH
0AH
09H
08H
07H
05H
04H
03H
02H
01H
00H

77H
54H
0BH
45H
9DH
17H
1AH
20H
10H
E4H
12H
23H
34H
F5H
34H
0FH

The initial values of the PSW

(Program Status Word) and Internal
Data Memory (from 00H to 10H are
shown).
The codes below are executed in
sequence. Update the value in the
Internal Data Memory space at the
end of the execution.

ABC:

LP:

MOV R0,#10H
MOV A,#1H
MOV @R0,A
INC A
DEC R0
CJNE R0,#0BH,ABC
SJMP LP

QUESTION 3
a)

Determine the addressing modes of the source operand in the following instructions:

(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)

23-03-2008

Instruction
MOV A,@R1
MOV R0,#45H
MOV A,R7
MOV 75H,50H

Addressing Mode

Exercise 02-01: 8051 Assembly Language

b)

Determine the validity of the following 8051 instructions:

Instruction
SUBB A,#45H
MOV A,@R3
MOV R7,50H
MOV #45H,A

(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)

Valid or Invalid?

QUESTION 4
(a)

Identify whether the instructions shown in table 1 are valid or invalid.

Instruction
MOV A,@R2
MOV R4,56H
XRL @R1,A
MOV @R7,A

Valid/Invalid

Table 1
(b)

Identify the destination operand addressing mode of the instructions shown in

table 2.
Destination Operand
Addressing Mode

Instruction
MOV @R1,45H
XRL 45H,#75H
MOV R7,A
MOV 45H,@R0

Table 2
QUESTION 5
Find out the results of the operation shown in the table below.
Instruction
MOV A, #F5H
ADD A,#F2H
CLR C
ADDC A,#24H

CY
0
-

AC
0
-

OV
0
-

Remark
Initial Value
-

QUESTION 6
Identify the addressing mode of the source operands in the following instructions:
Instruction
MOV A,#56H
MOV 56H,76H
MOV A,@R0
ANL A,#45H
MOV A,R7
ORL A,45H
MOV @R1,25H
ADD A,@R1
SUBB A,45H

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Addressing Mode

Exercise 02-01: 8051 Assembly Language

QUESTION 7

PSW

CY
0

AC
0

F0
0

RS1
1

RS0
1

OV
0

P
0

New Value
1FH
1EH
1DH
1CH
1BH
1AH
19H
18H
17H
16H
15H
14H
13H
12H
11H
10H

77H
54H
0BH
45H
9DH
17H
1AH
20H
10H
E4H
12H
23H
34H
F5H
34H
0FH

The initial values of the PSW

(Program Status Word) and Internal
Data Memory (from 00H to 10H are
shown).
The codes below are executed in
sequence. Update the value in the
Internal Data Memory space at the
end of the execution.

K2:

LP:

MOV R0,#10H
MOV A,#20H
MOV @R0,A
DEC A
INC R0
CJNE R0,#18H,K2
SJMP LP

QUESTION 8
Identify the addressing mode of the destination operands in the following instructions:
Instruction
MOV 56H,A
MOV 56H,76H
MOV @R0,A
ANL 45H,#35H
MOV R7,A
ORL 55H,A
MOV @R1,25H
MOV R7,#45H
MOV @R1,23H

Addressing Mode

QUESTION 9
Figure 4-1 shows some of the contents in
the 8051 Internal Data Memory. Which
memory location is affected by the
following instruction:

48H
47H
46H
45H

13H
3FH
F5H
51H

SETB 0CH
22H
12H
21H
62H
20H
5AH
Figure 4-1: Internal Data
Memory

What is the new content?

(Use the memory address shown in figure 31).

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Exercise 02-01: 8051 Assembly Language

QUESTION 10
Figure 3-1 shows the Internal Data
Memory of the 8051.
a.

What is the size (in bytes) of the

Internal Data Memory?

b.

Some memory locations in the

Internal Data Memory are bit
addressable. What is the range of
this bit addressable address?

c.

What is the byte address of the R0

register in Register Bank 3?

d.

What is the instruction to set bit

location 04H to a logic 1?

7FH
7EH

2FH
2EH

7FH
77H

7EH
76H

7DH
75H

7CH
74H

7BH
73H

7AH
72H

79H
71H

78H
70H

23H
22H
21H
20H

1FH
17H
0FH
07H

1EH
16H
0EH
06H

1DH
15H
0DH
05H

1CH
14H
0CH
04H

1BH
13H
0BH
03H

1AH
12H
0AH
02H

19H
11H
09H
01H

18H
10H
08H
00H

Bank 3

18H

Bank 2

10H

Bank 1

08H
07H
06H
05H
04H
03H
02H
01H
00H

R7
R6
R5
R4
R3
R2
R1
R0

Figure 3-1: Internal Data Memory

QUESTION 11
Figure 5-1 shows the content in some
location of the 8051 Internal Data
Memory.

2DH
2CH
2BH
2AH
29H
28H
27H
26H
25H
24H
23H
22H
21H
20H

Show the changes in the contents after

executing the program shown in listing 51.
MAIN: MOV R0,#20H
MOV R1,#2DH
MOV R7,#06H
M1:
MOV A,@R0
ADD A,@R1
MOV @R0,A
INC R0
DEC R1
DJNZ R7,M1
HANG:SJMP HANG
Listing 5-1

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13H
3FH
F5H
51H
F6H
44H
12H
62H
5AH
4FH
13H
33H
6FH
12H

Figure 5-1: Internal Data Memory

Exercise 02-01: 8051 Assembly Language

QUESTION 12
Determine the contents of the destination operands and flags after executing the following
instructions.

Instruction
MOV A,#0F5H
ADD A,#16H
SUBB A,#2BH

After executing the instructions

Destination operand
CY
AC
(A) = F5H
0
0
(A) =
(A) =

OV
0

QUESTION 13
The content of some of the location of the
Internal Data Memory is shown below.
How are the contents affected when the
following program is executed:

7FH
7EH

MAIN: JNB 1BH,M1

MOV 20H,#28H
M1:
SETB 04H

23H
22H
21H
20H

1FH
17H
0FH
07H

1EH
16H
0EH
06H

1DH
15H
0DH
05H

1CH
14H
0CH
04H

19H
11H
09H
01H

Bank 2

10H

Bank 1

08H

Bank 0

00H

Figure 2-1: Internal Data Memory

QUESTION 14
Identify the invalid instructions:
Instruction
MOV A,#56H
MOV #56H,76H
MOV A,@R0
ANL A,#45H
MOV A,R7
ORL @R1,45H
MOV @R1,25H
ADD A,@R7
SUBB A,45H

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1AH
12H
0AH
02H

Bank 3

18H

23H
F7H
22H
12H
21H
62H
20H
EAH
Internal Data Memory

1BH
13H
0BH
03H

Valid/Invalid

18H
10H
08H
00H

Exercise 02-01: 8051 Assembly Language

QUESTION 15
The content of the PSW is shown below.
The content of some locations in the
Internal Data Memory is shown in figure
4-1.

PSW

CY
0

AC
0

F0
0

RS1
1

RS0
1

OV
0

P
0

Show the changes in the contents after

executing the program shown in listing 41.
MOV R7,#06H
MOV A,@R0
ADD A,@R1
MOV @R0,A
INC R0
DEC R1
DJNZ R7,M1
HANG:SJMP HANG
Listing 4-1
M1:

2DH
2CH
2BH
2AH
29H
28H
27H
26H
25H
24H
23H
22H
21H
20H

13H
3FH
F5H
51H
F6H
44H
12H
62H
5AH
4FH
13H
33H
6FH
12H

19H
18H

2DH
20H

02H
01H
00H

12H
20H
2DH

Figure 4-1: Internal Data Memory

QUESTION 16
Determine the contents of the destination operands and flags after executing the following
instructions.

Instruction
MOV A,#0E5H
ADD A,#0FH
SUBB A,#3BH
ORL A,#0FH

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After executing the instructions

Destination operand
CY
AC
(A) = E5H
0
0
(A) =
(A) =
(A) =

OV
0

Exercise 02-01: 8051 Assembly Language

QUESTION 17
The content of the PSW is shown below.
The content of some locations in the
Internal Data Memory is shown in figure
1-1.

PSW

CY
0

AC
0

F0
0

RS1
0

RS0
0

OV
0

P
0

Show the changes in the contents after

executing the program shown in listing 11.
MOV R7,#06H
MOV A,@R0
ADD A,@R1
MOV @R0,A
INC R0
DEC R1
DJNZ R7,M1
HANG:SJMP HANG
Listing 1-1
M1:

32H
31H
30H
2FH
2EH
2DH
2CH
2BH
2AH
29H
28H
27H
26H
25H

17H
4FH
F5H
51H
16H
44H
12H
62H
52H
4FH
63H
23H
6FH
22H

19H
18H

2DH
20H

02H
01H
00H
Figure

12H
32H
25H
1-1

QUESTION 18
The content of some of the location of the
Internal Data Memory is shown below.
How are the contents affected when the
following program is executed:

7FH
7EH

MAIN: JB 0AH,K1
MOV 21H,#28H
K1:
SETB 07H

23H
22H
21H
20H
18H

23H
F7H
22H
12H
21H
62H
20H
0AH
Internal Data Memory

23-03-2008

10H
08H
00H

1FH
17H
0FH
07H

1EH
16H
0EH
06H

1DH
15H
0DH
05H

1CH
14H
0CH
04H

1BH
13H
0BH
03H

1AH
12H
0AH
02H

19H
11H
09H
01H

Bank 3
Bank 2
Bank 1
Bank 0

Figure 2-1: Internal Data Memory

18H
10H
08H
00H

Exercise 02-01: 8051 Assembly Language

QUESTION 19
Determine the contents of the destination operands and flags after executing the following
instructions.

Instruction
MOV A,#033H
SUBB A,#0FFH
ANL A,#0FH
ORL A,#0AAH

After executing the instructions

Destination operand
CY
AC
(A) =
0
0
(A) =
(A) =
(A) =

OV
0

QUESTION 20
Figure 5-1 shows the content in some location of
the 8051 Internal Data Memory.

2DH
2CH
2BH
2AH
29H
28H
27H
26H
25H
24H
23H
22H
21H
20H

Show the changes in the contents after executing

the program shown in listing 5-1.
MAIN: MOV R0,#20H
MOV R7,#0AH
M1:
MOV A,@R0
ANL A,#0FH
MOV @R0,A
INC R0
DJNZ R7,M1
HANG:SJMP HANG
Listing 5-1

13H
3FH
F5H
51H
F6H
44H
12H
62H
5AH
4FH
13H
33H
6FH
12H

Figure 5-1
QUESTION 21
Listing 7-1 shows a simple assembly
language program.
(a)

What is the size of the program?

(b)

What is the machine code for the

instruction INC R0 and where is it
stored?

(c)

How many operands does the

instruction MOV A,@R0 have?

CSEG AT 00H
LJMP MAIN
CSEG AT 0100H
MAIN: MOV R0,#20H
MOV R7,#0AH
M1:
MOV A,@R0
ANL A,#0FH
MOV @R0,A
INC R0
DJNZ R7,M1
HANG:SJMP HANG

020100
7820
7F0A
E6
540F
F6
08
DFF9
80FE

Listing 7-1

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Exercise 02-01: 8051 Assembly Language

SOLUTION 1

Instruction
MOV A,#55H
ADD A,#E6H
SUBB A,#7BH

After executing the instructions

Destination operand
CY
AC
(A) = 55H
0
0
(A) = 3BH
1
0
(A) = BFH
1
1

SOLUTION 2

10H
0FH
0EH
0DH
0CH
0BH
0AH
09H
08H
07H
05H
04H
03H
02H
01H
00H

77H
54H
0BH
45H
9DH
17H
1AH
20H
10H
E4H
12H
23H
34H
F5H
34H
0FH

New Value
01H
02H
03H
04H
05H

0BH

SOLUTION 3

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(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)

Instruction
MOV A,@R1
MOV R0,#45H
MOV A,R7
MOV 75H,50H

Addressing Mode
Register Indirect
Immediate
Register
Direct

(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)

Instruction
SUBB A,#45H
MOV A,@R3
MOV R7,50H
MOV #45H,A

Valid or Invalid?
Valid
Invalid
Valid
Invalid

OV
0
0
0

Exercise 02-01: 8051 Assembly Language

SOLUTION 4
(a)
Instruction
MOV A,@R2
MOV R4,56H
XRL @R1,A
MOV @R7,A

Valid/Invalid
Invalid
Valid
Invalid
Invalid
Table 1

(b)
Destination Operand
Addressing Mode
Indirect
Direct
Register
Direct
Table 2

Instruction
MOV @R1,45H
XRL 45H,#75H
MOV R7,A
MOV 45H,@R0
SOLUTION 5
Instruction
MOV A, #F5H
ADD A,#F2H
CLR C
ADDC A,#24H

CY
0
1
0
1

AC
0
0
0

OV
0
0
0

Remark
Initial Value
-

SOLUTION 6
Instruction
MOV A,#56H
MOV 56H,76H
MOV A,@R0
ANL A,#45H
MOV A,R7
ORL A,45H
MOV @R1,25H
ADD A,@R1
SUBB A,45H

23-03-2008

Addressing Mode

Immediate
Direct
Register Indirect
Immediate
Register
Direct
Direct
Register Indirect
Direct

10

Exercise 02-01: 8051 Assembly Language

SOLUTION 7
New Value
1FH
1EH
1DH
1CH
1BH
1AH
19H
18H
17H
16H
15H
14H
13H
12H
11H
10H

77H
54H
0BH
45H
9DH
17H
1AH
20H
10H
E4H
12H
23H
34H
F5H
34H
0FH

18H
19H
1AH
1BH
1CH
1DH
1EH
1FH
20H

SOLUTION 8
Instruction
MOV 56H,A
MOV 56H,76H
MOV @R0,A
ANL 45H,#35H
MOV R7,A
ORL 55H,A
MOV @R1,25H
MOV R7,#45H
MOV @R1,23H

Addressing Mode

Direct
Direct
Register Indirect
Direct
Register
Direct
Register Indirect
Register
Register Indirect

SOLUTION 9

Byte location 21H is affected. The new value of this location became 72H.
SOLUTION 10

(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

128 Bytes
00H to 7FH
18H
SETB 04H

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Exercise 02-01: 8051 Assembly Language

SOLUTION 11
2DH
2CH
2BH
2AH
29H
28H
27H
26H
25H
24H
23H
22H
21H
20H

13H
3FH
F5H
51H
F6H
44H
12H
62H
5AH
4FH
13H
33H
6FH
12H

13H
3FH
F5H
51H
F6H
44H
12H
62H
9EH
45H
64H
28H
AEH
25H

Figure 5-1: Internal Data Memory

SOLUTION 12

Instruction
MOV A,#0F5H
ADD A,#16H
SUBB A,#2BH

After executing the instructions

Destination operand
CY
AC
(A) = F5H
0
0
(A) = 0BH
1
0
(A) = DFH
1
1

OV
0

0
0

SOLUTION 13

Explanation:
23H
22H
21H
20H

F7H
12H
62H
EAH FAH

The JNB 1BH,M1 instruction checks for the status of bit

location 1BH and jump if it is zero. Bit location 1BH is part of
the byte data at byte location 23H. Data in location 23H is F7H
or 11110111 in binary. The bit data at location 1BH (indicated
by the underscore) is zero. Therefore, the instruction causes a
jump to M1and skipped the instruction MOV 20H,#28H.
The SETB 04H changes the data in byte location 20H.

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Exercise 02-01: 8051 Assembly Language

SOLUTION 14
Instruction
MOV A,#56H
MOV #56H,76H
MOV A,@R0
ANL A,#45H
MOV A,R7
ORL @R1,45H
MOV @R1,25H
ADD A,@R7
SUBB A,45H

Valid/Invalid

Valid
Invalid
Valid
Valid
Valid
Invalid
Valid
Invalid
Valid

SOLUTION 15

2DH
2CH
2BH
2AH
29H
28H
27H
26H
25H
24H
23H
22H
21H
20H

13H
3FH
F5H
51H
F6H
44H
12H
62H
5AH
4FH
13H
33H
6FH
12H

13H
3FH
F5H
51H
F6H
44H
12H
62H
9EH
45H
64H
28H
AEH
25H

19H
18H

2DH
20H

27H
26H

02H
01H
00H

12H
20H
2DH

12H
20H
2DH

Figure 4-1: Internal Data Memory

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Exercise 02-01: 8051 Assembly Language

SOLUTION 16

Instruction
MOV A,#0E5H
ADD A,#0FH
SUBB A,#3BH
ORL A,#0FH

After executing the instructions

Destination operand
CY
AC
(A) = E5H
0
0
(A) = F4H
0
1
(A) = B9H
0
1
(A) = BFH
0
1

OV
0
0
0
0

SOLUTION 17

Analyzing the program, you will noticed that

the program basically ADD two numbers
pointed by R0 and R1, and then stored them
in the location pointed by R0.
Example: Data in location 25H is added
with data in location in location 32H and the
result 39H is stored back in location 25H.
Basically:
(25H) + (32H) (25H) = 39H
(26H) + (31H) (26H) = BEH
(27H) + (2FH) (27H) = 18H
(28H) + (2EH) (28H) = B4H
(29H) + (2DH) (29H) = 65H
(2AH) + (2CH) (2AH) = 96H

32H
31H
30H
2FH
2EH
2DH
2CH
2BH
2AH
29H
28H
27H
26H
25H

96H
65H
B4H
18H
BEH
39H

07H

00H

01H
00H

2DH
2AH

Content indicates changes.

SOLUTION 18

JB 0AH,K1 >> Jump if bit address 0AH contains 1.

(21H) = 62H (or 01100010 in binary). Bit data
(0AH)=0. Therefore, there is no jump.
SETB 07H changes the value on byte location 20H from
0AH (00001010) to 8AH (10001010)

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14

23H
22H
21H
20H

F7H
12H
62H 28H
0AH 8AH

Exercise 02-01: 8051 Assembly Language

SOLUTION 19

Instruction
MOV A,#033H
SUBB A,#0FFH
ANL A,#0FH
ORL A,#0AAH

After executing the instructions

Destination operand
CY
AC
(A) = 33H
0
0
1
1
(A) = 34H
1
1
(A) = 04H
1
1
(A) = AEH

OV
0
0
0
0

SOLUTION 20

The program simply take the value pointed

by the R0 register and then mask off the
higher order nibble (4-bit),and then stored
back in the same location. R0 is then
incremented to point to the next location and
the operation is repeated. This goes round
for 10 times as controlled by the R7 register.

2DH
2CH
2BH
2AH
29H
28H
27H
26H
25H
24H
23H
22H
21H
20H

13H
3FH
F5H
51H
F6H
44H
12H
62H
5AH
4FH
13H
33H
6FH
12H

06H
04H
02H
02H
0AH
0FH
03H
03H
0FH
02H

SOLUTION 21

(a)

The size of the program can be determined by counting the number of bytes of the
machine codes. The answer is 16 bytes.

(b)

The machine code for instruction INC R0 is 08H. It is stored in program memory
location 0108H.

(c)

This is a two-operand instruction.

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15