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Assignment 2

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JayakrishnanMP
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Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Trivandrum

PHY-413

Quantum Mechanics-2
Assignment 1

21.08.2016

Notes:
1. Deadline: 2 September 2016
2. You are encouraged to discuss with your assigned group members, however,
each of you should submit the Assignment separately.

1. Obtain expressions for Lx , Ly and Lz and L2 in spherical polar coordinates


starting from the expressions in Cartesian coordinates.
2. Consider the Lagrangian
1
1
L = m1 |~r 1 |2 + m2 |~r 2 |2 V (r1 r2 )
2
2

(1)

for two particles of mass m1 and m2 with individual positions ~r1 and ~r2 . In
~ an relative coordinate ~r, show that the above
terms of the center of mass R
Lagrangian take the form:
L=

(m1 + m2 ) ~ 2 1 m1 m2 ~ 2
|R| +
|r|
V (r)
2
2 m1 + m2

(2)

3. Harmonic Oscillator in 2 and 3-dimensions


Consider Harmonic Oscillator in 2- and 3-dimensions:
H=

1
P~ 2
+ m 2 |~x|2
2m 2

(3)

(a) Write down eigenvalues and eigenfunctions.


(b) What is the degenerac for a given n?
(c) Obtain H from here (i) for 2-D Oscillator in polar coordinates and (ii)
for 3-D Oscillator in Spherical polar coordinates.
4. Landau Levels Prove the following:
(a) [x , y ] = ieh/cBz (See the definition of x , y in the class notes).
(b) [a, a ] = 1 where a, a are defined in terms of x , y .

5. Show that the problem of charged particles in constant external Electric


(along x-axis) and Magnetic field (along z-axis) can be mapped to the problem of Shifted Harmonic Oscillator.
6. Particle in 3-dimensional box
In the class, we discussed particle in 2-dimensional infinite potential. Let
us extend it to 3-dimensional box of equal sides L:
(a) Write down the Schrodinger equation for this system.
(b) Write down the wavefunction for the ground and first 3 excited states.
(c) Give an expression for the number of states N having energy less
than some energy E. Assume N  1. (Does this answer resemble
something to something you have calculated in Statistical Mechanics.)
7. (a) A non-relativistic particle of mass m moves in the potential


V (x, y, z) = A x2 + y 2 + 2 x y + B z 2 + 2z

(4)

where A > 0, B > 0, < 1 and is arbitrary. Find the energy


eigenvalues.
(b) Now consider the following modified problem with a new potential
Vnew
for z > and for any x and y, Vnew = V (x, y, z) given above
for z < and for any x and y, Vnew =
Find the ground state energy.
8. A particle of charge q and mass m is subject to a time independent, uniform
electromagnetic field E:
(a) For an arbitrary quantum state show that the position operator obeys
Newtons second law of motion.
(b) Show that the above result is also valid for uniform Magnetic field B.
(c) Do these results have any practical applications to the design of instruments such as mass spectrometers, particle accelerators etc? Explain.
9. Landau leves in other gauges
In the class, we obtained Landau levels in one gauge A = (By, 0, 0). In
this problem, you are expected to repeat the same analysis in Coloumb
gauge


By Bx
,
,0
(5)
A=
2 2
2

(a) Write down the Hamiltonian of charged particle in Uniform magnetic


field in above gauge.
(b) For the above gauge, it is faster to obtain the energy eigen values if
we write in the complex coordinates, i .e.
z x + iy

z x iy

(6)

Show the following relations:


[z, z ] = [
z , z] = 1

[z, z] = [
z , z ] = 0

(7)

Can you make some physical guess about the variable z, z, z , z?


(c) Construct creation and anhilation operators from the above variables
and write down the Hamiltonian interms of these operators.
(d) Obtain the ground state solutions for the above Hamiltonian.
(e) Show that these states are distinguished by the angular momentum
operator
= i (xy yx )
L
(8)

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