A318/A319/A320/A321 (CFM56) : Structure
A318/A319/A320/A321 (CFM56) : Structure
A318/A319/A320/A321 (CFM56) : Structure
A318/A319/A320/A321 (CFM56)
STRUCTURE
ATA 51 (T1) - PART 2/4
DF.ER : N 2X 3 5X 2
EDITION : 03/07
VALID PAR : J.-M. HAIN
Ce document est destin linstruction et ne saurait tre considr comme un document technique de rfrence. Il ne sera pas mis jour.
Reproduction mme partielle INTERDITE sans autorisation de la Socit AIR FRANCE.
STRUCTURE
PART 1
Structure General (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Doors D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Fuselage D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
A318 Fuselage D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Pylons/Nacelles D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Stabilizers D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
A318 Stabilizers D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
Windows D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
PART 2
Wings D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
Structure Damage Identification D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256
Window Damage Identification D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288
SRM D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298
PART 3
Window Damage Assessment D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 438
Damage Assessment Example 1 D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 454
Damage Assessment Example 2 D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 518
U3T06191 - U13T1M0
PART 4
A318 Damage Assessment Example 3 D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 582
Structure Protections & Awareness D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 654
Damage Assessment Ex. 1 Operational Scenario (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . 686
Damage Assessment Ex. 2 Operational Scenario (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . 694
A318 Damage Assessment Ex. 3 Operat. Scenario(3) . . . . . . . . . . . 702
TABLE OF CONTENTS
The aircraft wing is in the continuity of the structure going through the
fuselage which is divided into three parts:
- the center wing box,
- the left outer wing and,
- the right outer wing.
GENERAL
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 (CFM56-5B/ME)
51 - STRUCTURE
The center wing is installed in the center fuselage between the main
frames (Fr) 36 and 42 to make an integral fuel tank.
The center wing box structure has:
- the front and the rear spars respectively located at Fr 36 and 42,
- top and bottom skin panels,
- the two main frames 36 and 42,
- internal spanwise lattice ribs,
- the left rib 1 and the right rib 1.
The junction between the center wing box and the outer wings is done
at the left hand and right hand sides rib 1.
The access for maintenance to the center wing box is done through
two triangular openings in the rear spar.
The outer wing box tapers from Rib 1 (the wing root) to Rib 27 hold:
- the wing spars (front and rear),
- the ribs,
- the top and bottom skin panels,
- the top and bottom stringers,
- the wing-root joint.
The top and the bottom surfaces of the outer wing box are made of
skin panels machined from aluminum alloy.
There are three panels on each surface. The skin panels are stiffened
by stringers machined in aluminum alloy extrusions.
The joints between panels are aluminum alloy butt straps.
Ribs:
There are 27 ribs, machined in aluminum alloy, installed in the outer
wing box of each outer wing. Each rib is continuous between the front
and rear spars. The junction between the center wing box and the outer
wing joint is at Rib 1. Rib 1 is the boundary of the lateral section of
the center wing box. Ribs 22 and 27 make the other lateral boundaries
of the fuel and vent tanks.
Spars:
The wing spars are machined in aluminum alloy. They give strength
to the wing box and they extend from Rib 1 to Rib 27.
There are twenty-one access covers installed in the bottom skin panels
of the outer wing box. All panels close the openings that give access
to the outer wing box.
There are:
- seven non load-carrying access panels between Rib 1 and Rib 13,
clamped on the wing skin,
- fourteen load-carrying access panels between Rib 14 and Rib 27,
bolted through the skin panel.
The fixed Leading Edge (LE) assembly is located forward of the front
spar of the wing-box.
Two pylon ribs are installed on each side of the engine pylon. These
ribs hold the pylon shroud panels.
The wing leading edge is fitted of five slats, which make the movable
part of the wing leading edge.
When the slats are in retracted position, seals prevent airflow between
the slat and the wing.
Slats 3 to 5 are de-iced; the hot air comes from the bleed air system
and is supplied to these slats through a telescopic duct (not shown)
and piccolo tubes installed in the leading edges of the slats.
The fixed trailing edge is located aft of the wing rear spar.
Its structure has:
- an overwing panel and an under wing panel,
- a shroud box and a fixed shroud,
- a false rear spar,
- a main landing gear attachment,
- structures support for the trailing edge control surfaces,
- access panels.
This page deals with the fixed trailing edge inner structure.
Two flaps are installed on the TE of the outer wing. The inboard flap
is installed between Rib 1 and Rib 9 and the outboard flap is installed
between Ribs 9 and 20.
The flaps are connected to each other through an interconnection strut.
In case of a drive station failure, this device carries the loads, which
result in such failure.
The outboard flap is supported and driven by two wing tracks and
carriages (tracks 3 and 4).
The outboard flap has:
- a leading edge with CFRP skin,
- a flap box with:
- skin panels with integrated stringers and spars made of CFRP,
- track ribs and end ribs made of aluminum alloy,
- other ribs made of CFRP.
- a trailing edge of aluminum alloy sandwich construction.
A rubbing strip (not shown) made of stainless steel is bonded onto
the outer surface of the top skin.
The A321 flaps are fowler flaps with a tab on the trailing edge.
The inboard flap has:
- a leading edge and a flap box made of aluminum alloy,
- a trailing edge made in an aluminum alloy sandwich construction.
The outboard flap has:
- a leading edge with CFRP skin,
- a flap box with:
- skin panels and integrated stringers made of CFRP,
- spars made of CFRP,
- track end ribs made of aluminum alloy,
- other ribs made of CFRP.
The tab is made of honeycomb core with a skin made of aluminum
sheet metal.
The tab is operated by a linkage system.
There are five spoilers on the upper surface of the wing trailing edge.
Spoiler 1 is connected to the false rear spar, inboard of the kink
position.
Spoilers 2 thru 5 are connected to the middle and outer sections of
the rear spar, outboard of the kink position.
A rubbing strip is attached to the trailing edge of spoilers (1 & 2 only).
It prevents damage to spoilers when flaps are retracted.
GENERAL
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 (CFM56-5B/ME)
51 - STRUCTURE
A dent is a damaged area, which is pushed in, with respect to its usual
contour. There is no cross sectional area change in the material. The
edges of the damaged area are smooth.
GENERAL
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51 - STRUCTURE
DAMAGE IDENTIFICATION
The types of damage (illustrated) on cockpit windows are:
- Crack: line type defect through the depth of the ply,
- delamination: local separation of glass and interlayer,
- interlayer microflakes: due to moisture ingress in interlayer,
- burning (on windshields only): discoloration of the slip pan due to
hot corner effect,
- bubbles: appear between the inner face of the outer ply and the
interlayer,
- burn spot: due to degradation of the heating film element,
- discoloration: due to penetration of dust or sealant.
The types of damage not illustrated are:
- scratch: line type defect in the external surface of the window causing
a cross sectional change,
- chips: flakes of glass broken from the surface and the edges of the
window,
- transparency: halos on the surface of the window can make them
less transparent,
- rain repellent fluid residue on windshields only,
- damage on the soft liner on windshields (if supplied by SPS company
only).
TYPES OF DAMAGE ON CABIN AND PASSENGER/CREW DOOR WINDOWS - RELEVANT ATA CHAPTERS
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GENERAL
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51 - STRUCTURE
The SRM is divided into seven main chapters (From ATA 51 to ATA
57) and the SRI (Structure Repair Inspection).
The manual also contains an introduction chapter (Chapter 00), and some
additional information pages (HIGHLIGHTS, RECORD OF
REVISIONS...) located just at the beginning of the manual.
MANUAL BREAKDOWN
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INTRODUCTION - GENERAL
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51 - STRUCTURE
It also contains the airplane allocation list, giving for each MSN
(Manufacturer Serial Number), the airplane type, the aircraft rank
within the customer version, the customer, the customer abbreviation
code and the registration number.
The explanation of the IIR is given at the beginning of the SRI chapter.
SRI (STRUCTURAL REPAIR INSPECTIONS) - SRI CONTENTS (CONT'D)-INSPECTION AREAS ILLUSTRATIONS (IF ANY - E.G. 53-00-11)
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If the damage is above the limits, you must check whether a repair is
available and/or applicable within the repair page block (pages
201-999).
NOTE: Note: the entry point within the SRM is always the specific
chapter 52 to 57, depending on the damage location.
The user can refer to this list to get more information regarding a
specific service bulletin in terms of:
- revision status of the SB,
- date of introduction within the SRM,
- description.
Located at:
- door level for chapter 52,
- fuselage section level for chapter 53,
- chapter level for chapter 54,
- main assembly level for chapter 55,
- wing section level for chapter 57, this list is provided to enable the
user to determine the effectivity of the modification/SB.
The item number is the link with the associated illustrations. This
column also indicates the different evolutions of the same item (with
a suffix letter: 1A, 1B,..) compared to the basic version (without
suffix). Each evolution is linked to a production modification given
in the column ''status (MOD/PROP)''.
IDENTIFICATION PAGE BLOCK (PAGES 01 TO 99) - IDENTIFICATION TABLE DETAILED (ITEM COLUMN)
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IDENTIFICATION PAGE BLOCK (PAGES 01 TO 99) - IDENTIFICATION TABLE DETAILED (SPECIFICATION/SECTION CODE COLUMN)
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51 - STRUCTURE
This example shows the way to proceed to find out the material
information within the chapter 51-31-00 for metallic structure, starting
with the material specification. A first list provides the table to be
used (e.g. table 4 for 3.1364T42).
IDENTIFICATION PAGE BLOCK (PAGES 01 TO 99) - IDENTIFICATION TABLE DETAILED (THICKNESS/PART NUMBER COLUMN)
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IDENTIFICATION PAGE BLOCK (PAGES 01 TO 99) - IDENTIFICATION TABLE DETAILED (IC COLUMN)
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IDENTIFICATION PAGE BLOCK (PAGES 01 TO 99) - IDENTIFICATION TABLE DETAILED (ACTION OR REPAIR COLUMN)
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Linked with the Item column, the STATUS MOD/PRP, SB/RC column
gives the modification or service bulletin driving the different
evolutions of a structural component (listed in column Item). A prefix
letter is used to identify the status BEFORE ("B" letter) or AFTER
("A" letter) SB or Modification. The suffix letter (A, B, C, D...)
indicated at the end of the MOD/PROP (and column "S" of the
MOD/SB list) shows the different effectivity within the same
MOD/PROP number.
IDENTIFICATION PAGE BLOCK (PAGES 01 TO 99) - IDENTIFICATION TABLE DETAILED (STATUS MOD/PROP SB/RC COLUMN)
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IDENTIFICATION PAGE BLOCK (PAGES 01 TO 99) - IDENTIFICATION TABLE DETAILED (STATUS MOD/PROP SB/RC COLUMN
(CONT'D))
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IDENTIFICATION PAGE BLOCK (PAGES 01 TO 99) - IDENTIFICATION TABLE DETAILED (STATUS MOD/PROP SB/RC COLUMN
(CONT'D))
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CONFIGURATIONS - GENERAL
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CONFIGURATIONS - EXAMPLE
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 (CFM56-5B/ME)
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After a careful reading of the first information page(s), the first step
in the allowable damage determination, consists in the use of the
damage criteria table.
The damage criteria table enables the operator to determine the relevant
paragraph (e.g. 4A) that should be used, depending on the type of
damage (e.g.: allowable rework), and the affected structure (e.g. skin
plates).
The weight variant identification list gives, for a given aircraft type,
the different possible "as delivered" weight variants. The next step
will be to determine which one of these possible weight variants is
applicable to the concerned MSN.
ALLOWABLE DAMAGE PAGE BLOCK (PB 101) - WEIGHT VARIANT DETERMINATION (CONT'D)
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ALLOWABLE DAMAGE PAGE BLOCK (PB 101) - WEIGHT VARIANT DETERMINATION (CONT'D)
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The "as delivered" weight variant may change after delivery, following
the embodiment of a service bulletin. It is the operator's responsibility
to check the embodiment of referenced SB, in order to determine the
relevant weight variant for the affected MSN. The information is given
into Table 2 "Service Bulletin/Weight Variant List".
ALLOWABLE DAMAGE PAGE BLOCK (PB 101) - WEIGHT VARIANT DETERMINATION (CONT'D)
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ALLOWABLE DAMAGE PAGE BLOCK (PB 101) - WEIGHT VARIANT DETERMINATION (CONT'D)
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For aircraft which have been subject to weight variant change through
a SB embodiment: the weight variant information to be used to identify
the effectivity of the given allowable damage (or repair information),
is the heaviest weight variant that the subject aircraft has been operated
with, since its delivery.
ALLOWABLE DAMAGE PAGE BLOCK (PB 101) - WEIGHT VARIANT DETERMINATION (CONT'D)
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ALLOWABLE DAMAGE PAGE BLOCK (PB 101) - ALLOWABLE DAMAGE DETERMINATION (CONT'D)
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ALLOWABLE DAMAGE PAGE BLOCK (PB 101) - ALLOWABLE DAMAGE DIAGRAM EXAMPLE
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 (CFM56-5B/ME)
51 - STRUCTURE
Provided that no cracks have been detected, this first area of the
allowable damage rework diagram defines typical allowable damage
without any time limits. The surface protection needs to be restored.
ALLOWABLE DAMAGE PAGE BLOCK (PB 101) - ALLOWABLE DAMAGE DIAGRAM EXAMPLE (CONT'D)
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ALLOWABLE DAMAGE PAGE BLOCK (PB 101) - ALLOWABLE DAMAGE DIAGRAM EXAMPLE (CONT'D)
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ALLOWABLE DAMAGE PAGE BLOCK (PB 101) - ALLOWABLE DAMAGE DIAGRAM EXAMPLE (CONT'D)
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Stop drill and apply high-speed tape for one flight pressurized or
unpressurized only, or do a temporary repair as per 53-00-11 figure
210.
Temporary repair has to be replaced by a final repair within 2500
flights.
ALLOWABLE DAMAGE PAGE BLOCK (PB 101) - ALLOWABLE DAMAGE DIAGRAM EXAMPLE (CONT'D)
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51 - STRUCTURE
For damage located in this area, the damage shall be stop drilled before
a ferry flight without cabin pressure. Install high-speed tape before
the ferry flight. A repair has to be performed.
ALLOWABLE DAMAGE PAGE BLOCK (PB 101) - ALLOWABLE DAMAGE DIAGRAM EXAMPLE (CONT'D)
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ALLOWABLE DAMAGE PAGE BLOCK (PB 101) - ALLOWABLE DAMAGE DIAGRAM EXAMPLE (CONT'D)
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All the materials (repair materials and consumable materials) are listed
within the concerned repair instructions. Consumable materials are
call-up using their Consumable Material List (CML) code (e.g.
09-013). For more information on these materials, the user can refer
to the SRM chapter 51-35-00 consumable materials and/or the CML
document.
The repair instruction lists all the steps of the repair, with references
to the standard processes and practices covered within the chapter 51
when required.