Top-Link Language School

Kurs przygotowujcy do egzaminu FCE (B2)

Use Of English
Jakub Matuszewski
[email protected]

10.
REPORTED SPEECH
The information about the questions discussed during the classes you can find e.g. in the
following literature:

Michael Vince- First Certificate Language Practice with key, Macmillan.

Raymond Murphy- English Grammar In Use- Intermediate, Cambridge (2012).

In order to find some additional, advanced information and more details you can also refer to
Martin Hewings- Advanced Grammar In Use, Cambridge (the next level of the above book),
which is recommended to prepare students for CAE or CPE exams.

Key points:
see also Appendix no. 2
1. Tense changes are usually necessary after a past tense reporting verb.
2. Words referring to time and place also change in indirect speech.
3. Indirect questions are of two types. Yes/No questions are reported with if and Wh- questions are reported
with the question word. The verb is not put into a question form in an indirect question.
4. Indirect speech is often introduced by a reporting verb. These verbs are followed by a variety of
grammatical constructions. A good dictionary will include this information.
5. Indirect speech may also involve paraphrasing the main points of what was said.

1. Rewrite below sentences using REPORTED SPEECH.

a) I dont know her very well, he said.
He said ____________________________________________________________.
b) The performance was rather boring, they told me.
They told me _______________________________________________________.
c) Im going to change my job, said Jeff.
Jeff said ___________________________________________________________.
d) Weve been here before, they said.
They said__________________________________________________________.

Okres zaj: luty-sierpie 2013

Wymiar zaj: 25 x 90 minut
Konsultacje- sobota 14.15-15.00 (sala 14)

Top-Link Language School

Kurs przygotowujcy do egzaminu FCE (B2)
Use Of English
Jakub Matuszewski
[email protected]

2. Underline the most suitable verb form in each sentence.

3. Rewrite each sentence as indirect speech, beginning as shown.

Okres zaj: luty-sierpie 2013

Wymiar zaj: 25 x 90 minut
Konsultacje- sobota 14.15-15.00 (sala 14)

Top-Link Language School

Kurs przygotowujcy do egzaminu FCE (B2)
Use Of English
Jakub Matuszewski
[email protected]

4. Rewrite each sentence as indirect speech, beginning as shown.

5. Put the correct form of either say, tell or ask in each space.

Okres zaj: luty-sierpie 2013

Wymiar zaj: 25 x 90 minut
Konsultacje- sobota 14.15-15.00 (sala 14)

Top-Link Language School

Kurs przygotowujcy do egzaminu FCE (B2)
Use Of English
Jakub Matuszewski
[email protected]

6. Put the correct form of one of the verbs in the box into each space.

Okres zaj: luty-sierpie 2013

Wymiar zaj: 25 x 90 minut
Konsultacje- sobota 14.15-15.00 (sala 14)

Top-Link Language School

Kurs przygotowujcy do egzaminu FCE (B2)
Use Of English
Jakub Matuszewski
[email protected]

7. Rewrite each sentence, beginning as shown. Do not change the meaning.

Okres zaj: luty-sierpie 2013

Wymiar zaj: 25 x 90 minut
Konsultacje- sobota 14.15-15.00 (sala 14)

Top-Link Language School

Kurs przygotowujcy do egzaminu FCE (B2)
Use Of English
Jakub Matuszewski
[email protected]

8. Look carefully at each line. Some of the lines are correct, and some have a word which
should not be there. Tick each correct line. If a line has a word which should not be
there, write the word in the space.

9. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION- Complete the second sentence so that it has a

similar meaning to the first sentence. Use an appropriate word.
a) Your mother has just left, the doctor said. THAT
The doctor said, ______________________________.
b) My aunt said, that she hadnt eaten all chocolates. DENIED
My aunt _____________________________________ all chocolates.
c) Mr Jones denied having any connection with the affair. SAID
Mr Jones ________________________________________ the affair.
d) I wont go to university.- John said to me. TOLD
Okres zaj: luty-sierpie 2013
Wymiar zaj: 25 x 90 minut
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Top-Link Language School

Kurs przygotowujcy do egzaminu FCE (B2)
Use Of English
Jakub Matuszewski
[email protected]

John ______________________________________ university.

e) My mother told us to take our shoes off. INSISTED
My mother ________________________________________ our shoes off.
f) I dont allow anyone to repair my car. I do it myself. HAVE
I refuse ___________________________ by anyone. I do it myself.
g) Please, dont say anything to Paul, said the girl to her mother. NOT
The girl begged her mother _________________________________ Paul anything.
h) Youve passed your driving test, Jack! Well done!, said Carol. CONGRATULATED
Carol __________________________________ his driving test.

Okres zaj: luty-sierpie 2013

Wymiar zaj: 25 x 90 minut
Konsultacje- sobota 14.15-15.00 (sala 14)

Top-Link Language School

Kurs przygotowujcy do egzaminu FCE (B2)
Use Of English
Jakub Matuszewski
[email protected]

HOMEWORK
1. Rewrite below sentences using REPORTED SPEECH (remember about the sequence
of tenses).
a) Ive lived in Moscow since 2008, Tom said.
Tom said, that __________________________________________________________.
b) I will be working on this project tomorrow at 5 p.m., Mary said.
Mary said, that _____________________________________________________________.
c) I painted this fence 3 days ago, Patrick said.
Patrick said, that ____________________________________________________________.
d) I was reading a book, when somebody broke my window, Jenny said.
Jenny said, that _____________________________________________________________.
e) Im very busy right now, Mark said.
Mark said, that ______________________________________________________________.
f) Im going to France next week, Anna said.
Anna said, that ______________________________________________________________.

2. Rewrite each sentence as direct speech.

Okres zaj: luty-sierpie 2013

Wymiar zaj: 25 x 90 minut
Konsultacje- sobota 14.15-15.00 (sala 14)

Top-Link Language School

Kurs przygotowujcy do egzaminu FCE (B2)
Use Of English
Jakub Matuszewski
[email protected]

3. Complete the sentences. Use the number of words given in brackets.

Okres zaj: luty-sierpie 2013

Wymiar zaj: 25 x 90 minut
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Top-Link Language School

Kurs przygotowujcy do egzaminu FCE (B2)
Use Of English
Jakub Matuszewski
[email protected]

4. Rewrite each sentence, beginning as shown. Do not change the meaning.

5. Underline the correct word or phrase in each sentence.

6. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence,
using the word given. Do not change the word given.

Okres zaj: luty-sierpie 2013

Wymiar zaj: 25 x 90 minut
Konsultacje- sobota 14.15-15.00 (sala 14)

Top-Link Language School

Kurs przygotowujcy do egzaminu FCE (B2)
Use Of English
Jakub Matuszewski
[email protected]

Appendix no. 2
REPORTED SPEECH

Wyrniamy mow niezalen (Direct Speech) oraz mow zalen (Reported

Speech/Indirect Speech).
Mowy zalenej uywamy do przekazania tego, co powiedziaa dana osoba bez
dokadnego cytowania jej sw. Jest ona uywana nie tylko w jzyku mwionym, ale
take w jzyku pisanym- czsto w takich formach pisemnych jak artyku,
raport/sprawozdanie oraz historia.

Okres zaj: luty-sierpie 2013

Wymiar zaj: 25 x 90 minut
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Top-Link Language School

Kurs przygotowujcy do egzaminu FCE (B2)
Use Of English
Jakub Matuszewski
[email protected]

PODSTAWOWE ZASADY

1) Podstawow rnic gramatyczn pomidzy mow zalen a mow niezalen jest fakt, i
w mowie zalenej czas gramatyczny uyty w wypowiedzi ulega cofniciu:
Present Simple Past Simple
Present Continuous Past Continuous
Past Simple, Present Perfect Past Perfect
Past Continuous, Present Perfect Continuous Past Perfect Continuous
Past Perfect, Past Perfect Continuous pozostaje TAKI SAM (nie moemy cofn
zaprzeszoci)

Zmianie ulegaj take czasowniki modalne, ktre posiadaj swoj form przesz. A zatem:
can could
will would
may might
shall should
Pozostae czasowniki modalne pozostaj w wikszoci przypadkw bez zmian.

2) Zmianie (co naturalne) ulega take zaimek osobowy:

Mary said: I feel sick. / Mary said (that) she was sick,
a take zaimki wskazujce:
this that
these those

3) Kolejne rnice zostaj wprowadzone w okreleniach czasu:

today that day
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Top-Link Language School

Kurs przygotowujcy do egzaminu FCE (B2)
Use Of English
Jakub Matuszewski
[email protected]

yesterday the day before

last week the week before [etc.]
tomorrow the next day / the following day
next week the following week [etc.]
now then
6 years ago 6 years before

4) Zmianie ulega dodatkowo okrelenie miejsca:

here there
in this building in that building

TWORZENIE PYTA

1) Pytania oglne (Czy?) tworzymy poprzez uycie cznika IF. Obowizuje szyk
twierdzcy i podstawowe zasady dotyczce mowy zalenej, nie wystpuje znak zapytania.
Have you eaten dinner yet?, he asked me.
He asked if I had already eaten dinner.
2) Pytania szczegowe (Gdzie ?, Kto? itp.) tworzymy uywajc jako cznika
zaimka pytajcego. Obowizuje szyk twierdzcy i podstawowe zasady dotyczce mowy
zalenej, nie wystpuje znak zapytania.
Where did they put my keys?, she asked her brother.
She asked her brother where they had put her keys.
Do tworzenia pyta (oprcz czasownika ask) mog by uywane take inne czasowniki, np.
inquire (pyta, dowiadywa si) lub want to know (chcie wiedzie).

WYJTKI- KIEDY NIE ZMIENIAMY CZASU?

Okres zaj: luty-sierpie 2013

Wymiar zaj: 25 x 90 minut
Konsultacje- sobota 14.15-15.00 (sala 14)

Top-Link Language School

Kurs przygotowujcy do egzaminu FCE (B2)
Use Of English
Jakub Matuszewski
[email protected]

W konstruowaniu zda z uyciem mowy zalenej (jak w przypadku prawie wszystkich

zagadnie gramatycznych w jzyku angielskim) mamy do czynienia z kilkoma wyjtkami, w
ktrych pierwotny czas wypowiedzi nie ulega zmianie.

Czasu nie zmieniamy, gdy:

mamy do czynienia z raportem/cytowaniem czyich sw w momencie mwienia/w

czasie teraniejszym:
My brother says hes coming tomorrow at 5 p.m.

w przypadku, gdy cytowane sowa s zawsze prawdziwe- czsto w przypadku

czasownikw statycznych wyraajcych preferencje:
His girlfriend said she loves him endlessly.

NAKAZY I PROB

w przypadku cytowania nakazw uywamy czasownika tell, po ktrym nastpuje

bezokolicznik:
Take it back immediately!, he said.
He told me to take that back immediately.

w przypadku cytowania prb uywamy czasownika ask, po ktrym nastpuje

bezokolicznik:
Send this letter today, please, she said.
She asked me to send that letter that day.

REPORTING VERBS
Jedn z najczciej mylonych kwestii zwizanych z mow zalen s czasowniki raportujce,
a konkretnie zapamitanie, jak konstrukcj posiada kady z nich. Podstawowe dwa
czasowniki raportujce to say oraz tell, ktre przybieraj nastpujce konstrukcje:
say sth
say to sb
say sth to sb
tell sb
Konstrukcje innych, najpopularniejszych czasownikw raportujcych w jzyku angielskim
przedstawione s w poniszych tabelkach (rdo: www.ang.pl).

verb + gerund
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Top-Link Language School

Kurs przygotowujcy do egzaminu FCE (B2)
Use Of English
Jakub Matuszewski
[email protected]

accuse sb of doing sth

oskara

admit doing sth

przyznawa

apologise to sb for doing sth

przeprasza

boast about doing sth

chwali si

complain about

skary si

confess to doing sth

przyznawa si

deny doing sth

zaprzeczy

insist on sb's doing sth

nalega

suggest doing sth

sugerowa

warn sb against doing sth

ostrzega

object to sb's doing sth

sprzeciwia si, protestowa

verb + to do
advise sb to do sth

radzi

agree to do sth

zgadza si

allow sb to do

pozwala

ask sb to do sth

pyta, prosi

beg sb to do sth

baga

claim to do

twierdzi

command sb to do

rozkaza

decide to do sth

zdecydowa

demand to do

da, domaga si

forbid sb to do

zabrania

invite sb to do

zaprasza

offer to do sth

oferowa

order sb to do sth

kaza

persuade sb to do sth

przekona, namwi

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Wymiar zaj: 25 x 90 minut
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Top-Link Language School

Kurs przygotowujcy do egzaminu FCE (B2)
Use Of English
Jakub Matuszewski
[email protected]

promise to do sth

obiecywa

recommend sb to do sth

poleca, zaleca

refuse to do sth

odmwi

remind sb to do

przypomnie

tell sb to do sth

powiedzie

threaten to do sth

grozi

urge sb to do sth

usilnie namawia, ponagla

warn sb not to do sth

ostrzega

verb + THAT clause

add that

doda

admit that

przyzna

agree that

zgodzi si

assure sb that

zapewni

claim that

twierdzi

complain that

skary si

confirm that

potwierdzi

confess that

przyznawa si

decide that

zdecydowa

deny that

zaprzeczy

doubt whether/if

wtpi

estimate that

szacowa

explain that

tumaczy

inform sb that

informowa

point out that

wskazywa

promise sb that

obiecywa

promise that

obiecywa

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Wymiar zaj: 25 x 90 minut
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Top-Link Language School

Kurs przygotowujcy do egzaminu FCE (B2)
Use Of English
Jakub Matuszewski
[email protected]

reply that

odpowiada

say that

powiedzie

suggest that sb should do sth

sugerowa

tell sb that

powiedzie

warn sb that

ostrzega

Okres zaj: luty-sierpie 2013

Wymiar zaj: 25 x 90 minut
Konsultacje- sobota 14.15-15.00 (sala 14)