ISO/IEC 12207 is an international standard for software life cycle processes that provides requirements for a comprehensive set of processes covering the entire software development lifecycle. It defines 17 processes including primary processes like development, operation, and maintenance as well as supporting processes like quality assurance, configuration management, and verification. The standard integrates quality activities throughout the life cycle and can be tailored for any organization or project. It has evolved from previous software standards and is related to other process standards like CMMI and ISO 9001. The document provides an overview of ISO/IEC 12207 including its process architecture, relationships to other standards, and examples of how it can be used for procurement.
ISO/IEC 12207 is an international standard for software life cycle processes that provides requirements for a comprehensive set of processes covering the entire software development lifecycle. It defines 17 processes including primary processes like development, operation, and maintenance as well as supporting processes like quality assurance, configuration management, and verification. The standard integrates quality activities throughout the life cycle and can be tailored for any organization or project. It has evolved from previous software standards and is related to other process standards like CMMI and ISO 9001. The document provides an overview of ISO/IEC 12207 including its process architecture, relationships to other standards, and examples of how it can be used for procurement.
ISO/IEC 12207 is an international standard for software life cycle processes that provides requirements for a comprehensive set of processes covering the entire software development lifecycle. It defines 17 processes including primary processes like development, operation, and maintenance as well as supporting processes like quality assurance, configuration management, and verification. The standard integrates quality activities throughout the life cycle and can be tailored for any organization or project. It has evolved from previous software standards and is related to other process standards like CMMI and ISO 9001. The document provides an overview of ISO/IEC 12207 including its process architecture, relationships to other standards, and examples of how it can be used for procurement.
ISO/IEC 12207 is an international standard for software life cycle processes that provides requirements for a comprehensive set of processes covering the entire software development lifecycle. It defines 17 processes including primary processes like development, operation, and maintenance as well as supporting processes like quality assurance, configuration management, and verification. The standard integrates quality activities throughout the life cycle and can be tailored for any organization or project. It has evolved from previous software standards and is related to other process standards like CMMI and ISO 9001. The document provides an overview of ISO/IEC 12207 including its process architecture, relationships to other standards, and examples of how it can be used for procurement.
Information Technology Software Life Cycle Processes
What is ISO/IEC 12207?
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Introduction to 12207
An international standard for software
related processes, activities and tasks Scope of application is the management of software development projects Tailorable for any organization or project High-level process architecture with an inventory or processes to choose from
What is an International Standard
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Introduction to 12207
ISO/IEC implements a World-wide
consensus on what activities constitute a software project!
Quality
Provides the requirements for a comprehensive
set of processes covering the software life cycle Provides each process with access to a plando-check-act cycle through the improvement process Treats all quality related activities as an integral part of the software life cycle and appropriates these activities to relevant processes of the life cycle LFJ Group Inc. Quality Management Services www.carpedieminfo.ca
Introduction to 12207
ISO/IEC 12207 Integrates Quality into the
Life Cycle
Defined at process level vs.
procedures Prescribes continuing responsibilities vs. things to do Prescribes functions to be performed vs. organizational setup Prescribes a minimum systems context vs. software in isolation LFJ Group Inc. Quality Management Services www.carpedieminfo.ca
Introduction to 12207
12207 Software Life Cycle Standard
12207 Evolution DoD 2167
DoD 2167A
MIL 498
IEEE 1074
ISO/IEC 12207
IEEE/EIA 12207
ISO/IEC 15504
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Introduction to 12207
MIL 1679
Relationships Among Standards
ISO/IEC 15504
SEI CMMI ISO/IEC 15288 Assessment Standards
ISO/IEC 12207
Life Cycle Standards
Guidance
ISO 9000-3 Quality System
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Introduction to 12207
ISO 9001
12207 Process Architecture
Designed to handle all types of software projects
Organizational Primary Supporting LFJ Group Inc. Quality Management Services www.carpedieminfo.ca
Introduction to 12207
One process for each major function
One process for each party (acquirer / supplier) 17 Processes
Process Structure Process
Process
A set of interrelated activities, which transform inputs into outputs
Activity
Activity
Activity
Detailed set of tasks
Purpose
Activity
Task
Task
Task
Task
An achievable result of the successful achievement of the process purpose
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Introduction to 12207
Outcomes
Task Action with inputs and outputs
High level objective of performing the process and the likely outcomes of effective implementation of the process.
12207 Life Cycle Processes
Management Infrastructure Training Improvement
Primary [5]
Acquisition Supply Development Operation Maintenance
Support [6] Documentation Configuration Management Quality Assurance Audit Verification Validation Joint Review Problem Resolution
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Introduction to 12207
Organizational [7]
12207 & IEEE Software Standards
ISO / IEC 12207 Acquisition
IEEE SW Engg Standards
1062, 1362, 1220, 1233
Supply Development
1014, 1008, 1016, 1016.1,
830, 829, 1228
Operation Maintenance LFJ Group Inc. Quality Management Services www.carpedieminfo.ca
Introduction to 12207
Primary
12207 & IEEE Software Standards
ISO / IEC 12207
IEEE SW Engg Standards
Supply
Quality Assurance
730, 730.1, 1061
Configuration Management
828, 1042
Verification & Validation
1012
Joint Review
1028
Audit
1028
Problem Resolution
1044, 1044.1
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Introduction to 12207
Documentation
12207 & IEEE Software Standards
ISO / IEC 12207 Management
1058, 982.1, 982,2, 1045
Infrastructure
1209, 1348, 1420, 1430
Training
Improvement
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Introduction to 12207
Organization
IEEE SW Engg Standards
Relationships Between Primary and
Supporting Processes Q u a lity A s s u ra n c e A c q u is itio n
V e r ific a tio n
S u p p ly
V a lid a tio n D o c u m e n ta tio n D e v e lo p m e n t J o in t R e v ie w
C o n fig u r a tio n M anagem ent O p e r a tio n
M a in te n a n c e P r o b le m R e s o lu tio n
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Introduction to 12207
A u d it
Roles Viewed in a 12207 Context
Employs
Acquisition Process
Supply Process Contract
Acquirer
Contract View
Supplier
Employs
Management Process
Management View
Employs
Operator
Maintenance Process
Supporting Processes
Operating View Development Process
Validation Documentation Joint Review Configuration Management Audit Quality Assurance Problem Resolution Verification Management Training
Organizational Processes
Infrastructure
User
Developer
Engineering View
Supporting View
Maintainer
Employer of Supporting Processes
Improvement
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Introduction to 12207
Operation Process
Employs
Manager
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Introduction to 12207
Application of 12207
Application of the standard ISO/IEC
12207
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Introduction to 12207
Areas to cover: 1. Using & Tailoring ISO/IEC 12207 2. Example Usage of ISO/IEC 12207 in Procurement 3. Example Configuring an SDLC with ISO/IEC 12207
The World & Software / IT ubiquitous,
complex, inter-connected with increasingly high reliability / safety needs Software has become an essential commodity for our world Software project failure / poor delivery is the norm Canadian IT Issues Survey Results 2002 Athabasca University & CIO Canada LFJ Group Inc. Quality Management Services www.carpedieminfo.ca
Introduction to 12207
Using & Tailoring the standard
ISO/IEC 12207: Context & Situation
Using & Tailoring ISO/IEC 12207
Situation: 2002 Canadian IT Issues Survey Results
Perceptions of senior managements
IT competency has declined in the past 3 years LFJ Group Inc. Quality Management Services www.carpedieminfo.ca
Introduction to 12207
There has been a deterioration in the
confidence that the managers & Professionals have in Senior Managements IT competency
Using & Tailoring ISO/IEC 12207
Situation: 2002 Canadian IT Issues Survey Results
There is an urgent need to address
deficiencies in IT training and skills development organizations had not allocated sufficient time or money for training LFJ Group Inc. Quality Management Services www.carpedieminfo.ca
Introduction to 12207
There is a very clear and urgent need to
improve the competency of Canadas senior managers in IT management
Using & Tailoring any Standard
Why? Why Bother with any standards?
Standards are not about rigidity, but
rather about consistency, adaptability and agility (key tenets of innovation) using defined degrees of freedom (Slack Tom DeMarco) LFJ Group Inc. Quality Management Services www.carpedieminfo.ca
Introduction to 12207
Look at the world of other products and
their delivery & learn What other product deliver is done without standards?
Using & Tailoring the standard
ISO/IEC 12207 Why this one? widely adopted and accepted; basis of other frameworks and models Basis of TBS Enhanced Management Framework DND adopted as LC standard U.S. DoD adopted as LC standard Adopted as base Life Cycle standard for IEEE Software Engineering Standards Collection Base reference model for the ISO/IEC 15504 Links to ISO 9000-3 and ISO 9001
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Introduction to 12207
Using & Tailoring the standard
ISO/IEC 12207 Model/Picture 5.PRIMARY LIFE CYCLE PROCESSES
6.SUPPORTING LIFE CYCLE PROCESSES
6.1 Documentation
5.1 Acquisition
6.2 Configuration Management
5.2 Supply 6.3 Quality Assurance 6.4 Verification
5.4 Operation
6.5 Validation
5.2 Development
6.6 Joint Review
6.7 Audit
5.5 Maintenance
7. ORGANIZATIONAL LIFE CYCLE PROCESSES
7.1 Management
7.3 Infrastructure
7.2 Improvement
7.4 Training LFJ Group Inc. Quality Management Services www.carpedieminfo.ca
Introduction to 12207
6.8 Problem Resolution
Example Usage of ISO/IEC
12207 in Procurement RFP & Evaluation Method:
Federal Government LFJ Group Inc. Quality Management Services www.carpedieminfo.ca
Introduction to 12207
Multi-million dollar Information
Technology based project
Looking for System Integrators (2) to
build, test and deploy the system from a internally generated set requirements capture Requirements subject to changes ranging from minor to significant many partner organizations involved national impact LFJ Group Inc. Quality Management Services www.carpedieminfo.ca
Introduction to 12207
Example Usage of ISO/IEC 12207
in Procurement - Situation
Example Usage of ISO/IEC 12207
in Procurement Method of Use
mandatory requirement to address all clauses of
standard in the context of the requirement manner of addressing each clause was specific to Bidders approach LFJ Group Inc. Quality Management Services www.carpedieminfo.ca
Introduction to 12207
ISO / IEC 12207 together with ISO 9001,
ISO 9000-3 were used as an evaluation / assessment method in the procurement process framed to the assessment standard ISO/IEC 15504 (SPICE) technique: in Approach & Methodology segment of Bid
Example Usage of ISO/IEC 12207
in Procurement Results rigorous and objective Bid evaluation
objective risk identification and
mitigation strategy and planning LFJ Group Inc. Quality Management Services www.carpedieminfo.ca
Introduction to 12207
clear picture of strengths and
weaknesses for the project in various areas
Treasury Board is increasing emphasis on
the use of industry best practices with standards such as ISO / IEC 12207 being referred to as the framework funding for large IT projects will be based, in part, on the visible application of this framework (ISO/IEC 12207) Why ? because it is structured for conducting assessments and audits in a consistent and objective manner (using e.g. ISO/IEC 15504 / ISO 9001-2000) LFJ Group Inc. Quality Management Services www.carpedieminfo.ca
Introduction to 12207
Example Usage of ISO/IEC 12207
in Procurement General Meaning
Approach is fully scalable to any size / level
of project or organization Focused Objective Repeatable Process-oriented; Timely Built on & connected to powerful set of internationally-based standards & guidelines Supported by independently certified assessors / auditors LFJ Group Inc. Quality Management Services www.carpedieminfo.ca
Introduction to 12207
Example Usage of ISO/IEC 12207
in Procurement: Specific Benefits & Value
ISO/IEC 12207 - Tailoring
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Introduction to 12207
Identify project environment & characteristics Solicit inputs Select processes, activities and tasks Document tailoring decisions and rationale
Example Configuring an SDLC
with ISO/IEC 12207 to cover
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Introduction to 12207
Supporting Standards ISO/IEC
15271 and IEEE/EIA 12207.1, 12207.2 Extract of ISO/IEC 12207 Application of Extract
ISO/IEC TR 15271 Information
Technology Guide for ISO/IEC 12207 IEEE/EIA 12207.1 Industry Implementation of ISO/IEC 12207- Life Cycle Data IEEE/EIA 12207.2 Industry Implementation of ISO/IEC 12207Implementation Considerations ISO/IEC TR 16326 Software Engineering Guide for the application of ISO/IEC 12207 to project management LFJ Group Inc. Quality Management Services www.carpedieminfo.ca
Introduction to 12207
Example Configuring an SDLC
with 12207:Supporting Standards
Example Configuring an SDLC
with 12207: 15271 Generic L-C Needs Determination
Concept Definition
Demonstration
Use Acquistion Process to decide
technical / operational economic feasibility.
U s e A c q u i st i o n , S u p p l y a n d Development Processes to define draft s y s t e m r e q u i r e m e n t s , d e ve l o p protoypes, and analyse user feedback to get proposed solutions.
U s e A c q u i st i o n , S u p p l y a n d Devel o p m en t Pr o cesses t o defi ne s y s t em requirement s , s y s t em arc hi t ec t ure, and draft s oft ware requirements for software items.
Development
Production
Deployment
U s e A c q u i st i o n and S uppl y Processes to trigger the Development Process . Use Development Process (fully) to build, test and integrate the product.
Use S upporting Processes to control
and verify the replication of the products.
U s e A c q u i st i o n , S u p p l y a n d Development Processes to install and check-out products.
Operations
Maintenance and Support
Retirement
U s e A c q u i st i o n , S u p p l y a n d Op erati o n Pro cesses t o provi de operational services.
U s e A c q u i st i o n , S u p p l y a n d M ai ntenance P r o c e sse s f o r maintenance and support.
Us e A cq u i sti o n and M ai n ten an ce
Processes for retirement.
End
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Introduction to 12207
Start
Example Configuring an SDLC
with 12207: Extract Extract of ISO/IEC 12207 5.3.7 Software coding and testing - Tasks
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Introduction to 12207
5.3.8 Software integration - Tasks
5.3.7 Software coding and testing - Tasks
For each software (configuration) item Develop & document each software unit & database, test procedures & data for testing Test each unit to the requirement results documented Update user documentation Update test requirements for Software Integration Evaluate software code & test results to criteria LFJ Group Inc. Quality Management Services www.carpedieminfo.ca
Introduction to 12207
Example Configuring an SDLC
with 12207: Extract 1 Application
5.3.8 Software integration - Tasks
For each Software (configuration) item Documented Integration Plan test requirements, procedures, data, responsibilities & schedule Trace to requirements; All documentation updates Integration & Test Results documented Ongoing Evaluation to established criteria documented Joint Reviews (in accordance with 6.6) LFJ Group Inc. Quality Management Services www.carpedieminfo.ca
Introduction to 12207
Example Configuring an SDLC
with 12207: Extract 2 Application
ISO/IEC 15504 Capability Levels
Optimizing
-5-
Predictable
Process Change
Process
Continuous Improvement
-4-
Established Measurement
-3-
Managed
-2-
-1-
Incomplete
Process Performance
Process Control
Process Resource
Work Product Management
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Introduction to 12207
Performed
Performance Management
Process Definition
Assessments Capability
Level 0 Incomplete
Little or no evidence of any systematic achievement of any of the
defined attributes
Level 1 Performed
Scope of work and work products are understood
Work products support achievement of process outcomes
Objectives for performance of process understood and identified
Responsibilities and authorities assigned Performance of process is managed Requirements of specified work products are defined Requirements for documentation and control of work products are defined Dependencies among controlled work products are identified Work products are identified, documented and changes controlled Work products are verified and adjusted to meet defined requirements
Level 2 Managed
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Introduction to 12207
Describe how your test environment is structured, controlled, and kept current?
To what extent are documented processes and procedures available and used for things like test execution, problem reporting, reviews and status reporting?
What criteria are used to determine the completion and/or success of testing activities? How do you share results with users?
Are the requirements for a software product reviewed for testability, accuracy, completeness and consistency?
Is there a standard testing life cycle employed on your project (s)?
How are deficiencies discovered in testing identified, recorded, tracked, reported and resolved?
How is user / client feedback obtained and used as input into test and/or improvement planning?
How are estimates (time, budget, tools) arrived at, utilized, tracked, reported and documented?
How is the status of testing activities determined and tracked?
10
Are those responsible for testing trained to develop test specifications, test designs, test cases, and test plans?
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Introduction to 12207
Testing Questionnaire
Information on Presenters LFJ Group Inc.
Carpe Diem Informatics Inc.
Software Process Performance
Provides full project and organizational
support for software quality initiatives based on international and industry standards. Support includes quality assurance, process definition, process assessments and audits, risk management, requirements management, metrics and measurement and problem and change management.
Provides a broad range of Quality Management Services in organizational and projects improvements (often with an IT flavour) using international and industry standards and best practices.
Contact: Larry F. Jones
Ph.: 613-299-2770 Email: [email protected] LFJ Group Inc. Quality Management Services
