A Study of Casting Characteristics For Die Cast Aluminum Alloy-Anwar Hussain
A Study of Casting Characteristics For Die Cast Aluminum Alloy-Anwar Hussain
A Study of Casting Characteristics For Die Cast Aluminum Alloy-Anwar Hussain
CONTENTS:
INTRODUCTION
CAST ABILITY
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
DIE SOLDERING:
SLUDGE FORMATION
FLUDITY
POROSITY
2
Cast ability
2)
sludge Formation
3)
Alloy fluidity
4)
Machine ability
5)
Die soldering
6)
Porosity
7)
Macro segregation
3
A360
A380
A383
A384
A390
Silicon
9-10
7.5-9.5
9.5-11.5
10.5-12
16-18
A413
(A13)
11-13
Iron
Copper
Manganese
Magnesium
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
0.6
3.4
2.3
3-4.5
4-5
1.0
0.35
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.35
0.4-0.6
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.45-0.65
0.10
Nickel
Zinc
Tin
Titanium
Total others
Aluminum
0.50
0.50
0.30
0.50
0.10
0.50
0.50
3.0
3.0
3.0
1.5
0.50
0.15
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.20
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.20
0.25
BAL.
BAL.
BAL.
BAL.
BAL.
BAL. 6
A384
A390
A413
(A13)
45
48
40.5
42
22
3.5
80
25
24
12.5
35
19
0.097
20
0.098
0.099
19
3.5
120
29
2.0
20
0.096
1000-1100
960-1080
960-1080
945-1200
1065-1080
0.23
11.8
0.23
11.7
0.23
11.5
0.23
11.3
0.23
11.7
0.23
10.3
65.3
55.6
55.6
56
78.6
67.7
29
31
23
23
25
31
10.3
10.3
10.3
10.3
11.9
10.3
PROPERTIES
Ultimate tensile strength (ksi)
Tensile yield strength (ksi)
Elongation (% in 2" G.L.)
Hardness (HB)
Shear strength (ksi)
Charpy impact strength(ft.lb)
A360
A380
46
47
24
3.5
75
26
4.2
18
0.095
23
3.5
80
27
3.5
20
0.098
1035-1105
A383
85
ALLOY
CHARACTERISTICS
A360
A380
A383
A384
A390
A413
(A13)
2
1
3
2
3
2
3
3
1
4
2
2
3
2
4
2
2
1
1
4
2
1
3
2
2
2
-
2
2
3
1
4
3
1
2
2
4
1
1
4
1
2
4
2
2
3
4
8
Brass
Magnesium
Zinc
47
55
34
41
23
30
23
28
37
20
31
20
25
14
3.50
15
3.0
10
80
91
63
82
Specific gravity
2.71
8.30
1.80
6.60
0.098
0.305
0.066
0.24
1100
1670
1105
728
0.23
0.21
0.16
0.27
12.1
12.0
15.0
15.2
27
20
10
27
10.3
15
6.5
3.0
40
2.0
43.0
Electrical conductivity,
10
11
DIE SOLDERING:
There are several classes of process parameters that influence die
soldering. These are under :
Temperature of the metal and die.
Nature and constituents of casting alloy and inter metallic layers.
Die Lubrication and coating.
Nature of the die and operating parameters.
AMOUNT
EFFECT
Nickel
0.5%
Manganese
13%
Same as above
Beryllium
0.32%
Copper
----
Free Nitrogen
No effect
0.002---0.055% Alloy layer thickness reduces by about
70%.
Chromium
220%
Titanium
0.1%
Silicon
-----
15
formed at the low cooling rate as large platelets, and polyhedral particles.
16
18
19
FLUIDITY:
Fluidity is a materials ability to flow into and fill a given cavity, as
measured by the dimensions of that cavity under specific conditions.
The length of molten liquid metal that can flow through a given
mould before freezing
Fluidity is heavily dependent on heat flow during solidification.
Fluidity of Al- Alloy depends on lubricant coatings, alloying
additions, head pressure, and temperature of molten metal.
Increasing the solidification range results in decreasing fluidity
FACTORS WHICH EFFECT ON FLUDITY:
Alloy chemical composition play a important role in die filling
that is the fluidity of molten metal.
Alloying Elements that lean to form high temperature
compounds, e.g., Fe, Mn, Cr, and Mg, tend to decrease fluidity.
Lf =
Lf
a
C
TO
T
VO
H
h
T
Tm
T
21
There are two types of hydrogen porosity occur in the die cast.
One is the inter-dendritic porosity, which is encountered when hydrogen
contents are sufficiently high that hydrogen rejected at the solidification due to
high pressures above atmospheric.
Secondary (micron-size) porosity occurs when dissolved hydrogen contents
are low, and void formation is characteristically critical.
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