2011 MAV MATHS METHODS CAS EXAM 2 - SOLUTIONS

The Mathematical Association of Victoria

Maths Methods CAS 2011
Trial Written Examination 2 SOLUTIONS
1. C
9. A
17. A

2. A
10. E
18. C

3. B
11. C
19. E

4. C
12. B
20. D

5. E
13. B
21. A

6. D
14. C
22. C

Question 1
The domain of fg is the intersection of the domain of f and the domain of g.
1

1
and the domain of g is R \ .
The domain of f is ,

2
2

7. A
15. D

8. B
16. B

Answer C

Hence the domain of fg is , .

2

Question 2
Answer A
f and its inverse, f 1 will have two points of intersection when f and y = x have two points of intersection.
This will occur when k < 1 .
The graphs with equations y = e x 1 , y = x and y = log e ( x + 1) , where k = 1 are shown below. There is
only one point of intersection which occurs when e x 1 = x . Hence x = 0 as e 0 1 = 0 .
y

y=x

y = ln(x + 1)

-3.5 -3 -2.5 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5

0.5

1.5

2.5

3.5

-1
x

y=e 1
-2

-3

y = e x 1

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2011 MAV MATHS METHODS CAS EXAM 2 - SOLUTIONS

Question 3

Answer B

f ( x) = 2 x + a + 2 x + 2 x a .
The minimum value occurs when x = 0. f ( x) = a + a = 2a .
The minimum value is 2a.

Question 4

Answer C

f ( x) = ax 2 + bx + c , f ( y) = ay 2 + by + c

f ( x + y) = a( x + y) 2 + b( x + y) + c
= ax 2 + 2axy + ay 2 + bx + by + c
= ax 2 + bx + c + ay 2 + by + 2axy
= f ( x) + f ( y) c + 2axy

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2011 MAV MATHS METHODS CAS EXAM 2 - SOLUTIONS

Question 5

Answer E
y
4
3
2
1

5 points of intersection

Question 6
2 sin (2 x ) = 1

sin (2 x ) =

Answer D

1
2

2 x = 2 n +
x = n +

12

, (2n + 1)
, n +

2 12
5
= n +
, n +
, nZ
12
12

OR

x=

(12n + 5) , (12n + 1)

12
12

5
= n +
, n + , n Z
12
12

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2011 MAV MATHS METHODS CAS EXAM 2 - SOLUTIONS

Question 7

Answer A

f (x ) = 2 tan 3 x + + 1 , x
2
3
3

= 2 tan 3( x +
The period is

) +1 , x
6
3
3

The graph of g with equation g ( x) = 2 tan(3x ) + 1 has asymptotes at x =

Translate

,x=

and x =

units to the left.

Thus asymptotes have equations x =

, x = 0 and x =

Question 8
The equation of f can be written in the form f ( x) = A( x B) 3 + C .
There is a stationary point of inflection at (2, 4).

Answer B

Hence f ( x) = A( x 2) 3 + 4 .

f (1) = 3
f ( x) = 3 A( x 2) 2
27 A = 3
A=

1
9

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2011 MAV MATHS METHODS CAS EXAM 2 - SOLUTIONS

Question 9

Answer A

h( x) = x + x and g ( x) = x

h(g ( x)) = ( x ) + x = x 2 + x
2

2 x + 1, x > 0
h(g ( x) )g ( x) =
2x 1 x < 0

Question 10

Answer E

x +2

f ( x) = e
By close inspection of the graph near x = 0, f cannot be differentiated at x = 0.
y
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
-3 -2.5 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5
-2

0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3

-4
-6

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2011 MAV MATHS METHODS CAS EXAM 2 - SOLUTIONS

Question 11

y = f (x ) = 2 log e (1 x) + 3
f (x ) =

Answer C

2
1 x

Gradient of the tangent

f (0) = 2

1
Gradient of the normal is 2 .

Question 12
Average rate of change =

f ( ) f (0)
=0
0

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Answer B

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2011 MAV MATHS METHODS CAS EXAM 2 - SOLUTIONS

Question 13
Area f (2) + f (1) + f (0) + f (1)

Answer B

= 5+ 3 +3+ 2 +3+ 4
= 15 + 3 + 2
The rectangles are above the curve.
Hence an overestimate of the actual area.

Question 14
The graph of y = log e ( x + 2) is shown below.

Answer C

y
1.5
1
0.5
-3.5 -3 -2.5 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5
-0.5

0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5

-1
-1.5
-2
-2.5

x=-2
x = 2
Solve log e ( x + a) = 0 for x.

x + a = e0
x = 1 a
0

Area = f ( x)dx
1a

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2011 MAV MATHS METHODS CAS EXAM 2 - SOLUTIONS

Question 15

d ( x sin ( x ))
dx

Answer D

= sin ( x ) + x cos ( x )

! x sin ( x ) = " (sin ( x ) + x cos ( x ))dx

x sin ( x ) = " (sin(x)) dx + " ( x cos(x)) dx

! " ( x cos ( x ))dx = x sin ( x ) # " (sin(x)) dx

Question 16
Find coordinates of B.
sin (x ) + 2 x = 2 x

Answer B

sin (x ) = 0

x = 0, , 2
B has x value of
Area between curves:

A = (sin (x ) + 2 x 2 x) dx

= [ cos(x )]0

= cos( ) + cos(0)
=2

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2011 MAV MATHS METHODS CAS EXAM 2 - SOLUTIONS

Question 17
a

0.1

Answer A

sin (x )dx = 0.5

a = 0.5156; 0.5156
By domain restriction,

a = 0.5156
y

Area = 0.5

0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 x
a = 0.5156

Question 18
Binomial n = 20, p = 0.6

Pr ( X = 15 |15 ! X ! 18) =
=

Answer C

Pr ( X = 15)
Pr (15 ! X ! 18)

Pr ( X = 15)
Pr ( X = 15) + Pr ( X = 16 ) + Pr ( X = 17) + Pr ( X = 18)

0.074647
0.074647 + 0.034991 + 0.01235 + 0.003087
= 0.5968
=

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2011 MAV MATHS METHODS CAS EXAM 2 - SOLUTIONS

Question 19
Pr ( A) Pr (B ) = 0.4 0.3 = 0.12

Answer E

Question 20

Answer D

Pr ( A B ) = 0.2
A and B are not independent

0.5

0.5
L0

The initial state matrix is S 0 =

R0
The transition matrix is T =

R1 0.8 0.6
L1 0.2 0.4

The next state matrix is given by the following.

R0 L0
R 0.8 0.6 0.5
S1 = 1
L1 0.2 0.4 0.5
Question 21

Answer A

1
1
E ( X ) = ( 1 + 2 + 3 4 + 5 6) =
6
6
1
The player losses $ .
6
Question 22

Answer C

Score A 92; score a pass 57

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2011 MAV MATHS METHODS CAS EXAM 2 - SOLUTIONS

Solutions to the Extended Answer Section

Question 1
2 x + 2, 0 x 1

a. i. h( x) = 0,
1< x 2
2x 4 , 2 < x 3

2x + 2
0
2< x3

1A
1A
1A

ii. h( x)dx = Area of the two triangles = 2 units2

1A

3 Average Value = 2

Average Value =

2
3

1A

OR

OR
3

1
h( x)dx
30 0

1A

2
3

1A

b. i.
y
7

y=f+g

6
5

y=f

4
3

y=g

2
1

-0.5

0.5

1.5

2.5

3.5

-1

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2011 MAV MATHS METHODS CAS EXAM 2 - SOLUTIONS

Correct shape for y = f + g

Correct endpoints and closed circles

1A
1A

ii.
y
7

y=f+g

6
5

y=f

4
3

y=g

2
1

-0.5

0.5

1.5

2.5

3.5

-1

Correct line y =

10
3

1A

iii. There are many different approaches to this question. Some are outlined below.
The required area = the area of the triangles above the line y =

10
10
because
is the average value.
3
3

The equation of the first line segment is y = 4x + 6 .

10
= 4 x + 6
3
2
x=
3

1A

Area of both triangles

= base height
2
10
6
3
3

=
=

1A

16
units2
9

1A

OR
f ( x) + g ( x) = 2( x 1) + 2( x 2)
Solve f ( x) + g ( x) =
x=

OR

10
3

2
7
or x =
3
3

(or could use the first method to get x =

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1A
1
2
and then the other x value is 2 + )
3
3

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2011 MAV MATHS METHODS CAS EXAM 2 - SOLUTIONS

7
3

10

= ( f ( x) + g ( x)) dx

2 3

1A

16
units2
9

1A

OR

OR

Area of the trapezium =

h( a + b)
2

The equation of the first line segment is y = 4x + 6 .

10
= 4 x + 6
3
1 7
2
x = or x = 2 + =
3 3
3
10
( 2)(2 + 73
Area = 3
2
16
units2
=
9

1A
2
3

1A
1A

c. i. There is an asymptote at x = 2.
a=2
dom( p) = dom( y = log e ( x 1) ) dom( y = log e ( x 2) )

1A

The graph of p( x) = log e ( x 1) + log e ( x 2)

y
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
-0.5

0.5

1.5

2.5

3.5

4.5

5.5

-1

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2011 MAV MATHS METHODS CAS EXAM 2 - SOLUTIONS

ii. (3, log e (2) + c )

1A

p(3) = log e (3 1) + log e (3 2) + c = log e (2) + c

Question 2
dy cos (x )cos (x ) + sin (x )sin (x )
a.
quotient rule
=
dx
cos 2 (x )

Since cos 2 (x ) + sin 2 (x ) = 1

dy
1
=
dx cos 2 (x )

1M

b.

f
10

6
4

3
4

Correct Shape and endpoints

Asymptote

c. i. y = tan = 1
4

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1A
1A
1A

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2011 MAV MATHS METHODS CAS EXAM 2 - SOLUTIONS

ii.

dy
=
dx

1
1
=
=2
2
2

1
cos

4 2

d. domain: 0,
2
e. Let the path of the rocket be h km.
h
tan = h = 3 tan ( )
3
f. From part a.,

dh
3
=
d cos 2 ( )

The rate at which the height of the rocket is changing with respect to the angle, .
g.

= 20
radians/second
dt
180

dh dh d!
=
!
dt d! dt
"
3
=
!
2
cos (! ) 9
=

2"
kilometres/second
3

h. i. tan ! =

3
! ! = 0.6435 radians
4

ii. h = 4 tan ( )

1A

1A

1M

1A
1A
1M

1M

1A

1A

4
dh
=
d cos 2 ( )

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2011 MAV MATHS METHODS CAS EXAM 2 - SOLUTIONS

d! d! dh
=
!
dt
dh dt
cos2 (! ) 2"
=
!
4
3
2
" ! cos ( 0.6435)
=
6
= 0.34 radians/second (2 dp)

1A
1M

1A

Question 3
a. X is the weight of chocolate statues
X~N(1000, 16)

Pr (992 < X < 1010) = 0.97104 = 0.9710 (4 dp)

1A

b. Pr (rejected ) = 1 0.97104 = 0.0290

Number rejected = 1200 0.0290 = 34.7 = 35 statues

c. Trial and error (technology) using N(1000, {2,3,4}) with

Standard deviation of 3

1A

Pr( X > 1010)

.
1 Pr(992 < X < 1010)

1M
1A

d. Y is the number rejected out of 5.

Y~Bi(5,0.0290)
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2011 MAV MATHS METHODS CAS EXAM 2 - SOLUTIONS

Y = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
Pr (Y ! 1) = 1 " Pr (Y = 0 )

1M

= 1 " 0.9710 5
= 0.13665 = 0.137 (3 dp)

1A

e. i. Pr (b | b ) = 0.85 ; Pr (b | b) = 0.3 ; Pr (b | b ) = 0.15; Pr (b | b) = 0.7

0.85 0.3
transition matrix T =

0.15 0.7

Pr ( bbb | b) = 0.853 = 0.614125 = 0.6141 ( 4 dp)

ii. Pr (bbb | b ) + Pr (bbb | b ) + Pr (bbb | b )

1M

0.15 0.3 0.85 + 0.85 0.15 0.3 + 0.85 0.15 = 0.18485 = 0.1849 (4 dp)
0.85 0.3 x x
iii.

0.15 0.7 1 x 1 x
2
x=
3
2

OR

0.85 0.3
0.6667 0.6667
t=
t =

(technology)
0.15 0.7
0.3333 0.3333
2
x=
3
OR
0.3
2
x=
=
0.15 + 0.3 3

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1A
1A

1A
OR

1A
OR
1A

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2011 MAV MATHS METHODS CAS EXAM 2 - SOLUTIONS

p 0.1 p
p 0.1
p
f. Let t =
=

1 p 1 ( p 0.1) 1 p 1.1 p
1.1 p 0.1
Pr(buy 3rd month) : t 2 s =

.....
1.1 p 0.1 = 0.7

p=

8
11

1
s=
0

1A

1M

8 8
8 69
11 11 0.1 11 110
g. Let T =
=
3
8 3 41

1.1
11 11 110
11
3 41 123
=
Pr(no buys) = Pr(b b | b ) =
11 110 1210
8 3 3 69
447
Pr(1 buy ) = Pr(bb | b ) + Pr(b b | b ) = +
=
11 11 11 110 1210
8 8 64
Pr(2 buys) = Pr(bb | b ) = =
11 11 121
x
Pr ( X = x )

0
123
1210

1
447
1210

1M

2
64
121
1M

E(X ) = 0

1123
447
64
+ 1
+ 2
= 1.427... = 1.4 month (1 dp)
12100
1210
121

OR

1A

OR
2

8 69
8 69
157
11 110 1 11 110 1 110 1.427
+
=

3
41 0 3
41 0 63 0.573

11 110
11 110
110

1.4 months
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2M
1A
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2011 MAV MATHS METHODS CAS EXAM 2 - SOLUTIONS

Question 4
a. i. x-intercept, f(x) = 0

0 = a( x b) 5 + c
( x b) 5 =

x =b+5

c
a

c
a

c
b + 5 , 0

1A

c
or b 5 , 0
a

Note the TI-nspire CAS did not solve this equation

ii. y-intercept, x = 0

f ( x ) = a ( x b) 5 + c
f (0) = a(b) 5 + c = ab 5 + c
(0, ab 5 + c)

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1A

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2011 MAV MATHS METHODS CAS EXAM 2 - SOLUTIONS

iii. The value of the x-intercept is the same as the y-intercept when the graph passes through (0, 0)
only.
The graph of f is a quintic polynomial function which has its stationary point of inflection in the
first quadrant. Hence when the y-intercept is positive, the x-intercept will be negative and viceversa.
The stationary point of inflection is at (b, c) .

1A

Solve the y-intercept equal to 0 for c

ab 5 + c = 0
c = ab 5

The stationary point of inflection is at (b, ab 5 )

iv. The x-intercept is b + 5

b+5

1A

c
a

c
<0
a

Solve 2 + 5

3
< 0 for a
a

1A

3
< 2
a

3
< 32 , a > 0
a

0<a<

3
32

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1A

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2011 MAV MATHS METHODS CAS EXAM 2 - SOLUTIONS

b. i. There are three stationary points.

1A

Since g can be written in the form g ( x) = A( x B) 3 ( x C ) 2 + D and A > 0,

there is a local maximum at (C, D), then a local minimum and then a stationary point of inflection at
(B, D)
This can also be seen by graphing g.

ii. A = 2
Method 1
From the graph of g,

Any 2 correct

1A

All correct 2A

B = 1, C = 1 and D = 2

Note that this method does not always give exact values.

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2011 MAV MATHS METHODS CAS EXAM 2 - SOLUTIONS

OR Method 2
A=2
Solve the derivative of g equal to zero.
B = 1, C = 1

g ( x) = 2( x 1) 3 ( x + 1) 2 + D
The graph of g passes through (0, 0)

2+ D = 0
D=2

Any 2 correct

1A

All correct 2A

iii. The exact value for the y-coordinate is not given on the graph screen.

g (0.2) =

662
3125

662
1
,

5 3125

1A

iv.
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2011 MAV MATHS METHODS CAS EXAM 2 - SOLUTIONS

1
( , 1] [ , )
5

2A

v. There is no need to find the equation of the inverse.

Solve g11 = x

1M

x = 0.211
(0.211, 0.211)

1A

END OF SOLUTIONS

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