Ejercicios Resueltos Ingles
Ejercicios Resueltos Ingles
Ejercicios Resueltos Ingles
(b) mm Hg
10.39 A scuba divers tank contains 0.29 kg of O2 compressed into a volume of 2.3 L.
(a) Calculate the gas pressure inside the tank at 9 C.
PV = nRT so P = nRT / V
convert 0.29 kg to 290 g O2
convert 9 C to K [9 C + 273.15 = 282.15 K ] (do not pre-round)
290 g O2 ( 1 mol O2 / 32.00 g ) (0.0821 L atm / mol K) (282.15 K)
P = ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- = 91 atm
2.3 L
( 2 SF)
10.41 Chlorine is widely used to purify municipal water supplies and to treat swimming
pool waters. Suppose that the volume of particular sample of Cl2 gas is 8.70 L at 895 torr
and 24 C.
(a) How many grams of Cl2 are in the sample?
Need to solve for moles to get grams.
PV = nRT so n = PV / RT
convert 24 C to K [24 C + 273.15 = 297.15 K ] (do not pre-round)
convert 895 torr to atm since R demands it
n=
10.45
Which gas is most dense at 1.00 atm and 298 K? CO2, N2O, or Cl2? Explain.
10.49 (a) Calculate the density of NO2 gas at 0.970 atm and 35 C.
Convert temp: 35 C + 273.15 = 308.15 K (really 3 SF)
USE: d = Mm P / R T
Mm NO2 = 46.01 g / mol
d = (46.01 g / mol )( 0.970 atm ) / (0.0821 L atm / mol K) (308.15 K) = 1.7640 =
1.76 g/L (3 SF)
(b) Calculate the molar mass of a gas if 2.50 g occupies 0.875 L at 685 torr and 35 C.
d = Mm P / R T so Mm = d R T / P
( 2.50 g / 0.875 L) (0.0821 L atm/ K mol) ( 308.15 K)
Mm = ------------------------------------------------------------------ = 80.197 = 80.2 g/mol
( 685 torr ) ( 1 atm / 760 torr)
10.55 The metabolic oxidation of glucose, C6H12O6, in our bodies produces CO2, which
is expelled from our lungs as a gas:
C6H12O6 (aq) + O2 (g) 6 CO2 (g) + 6 H2O (l)
Calculate the volume of dry CO2 produced at body temperature (37 C) and 0.970
atm when 24.5 g of glucose is consumed in this reaction.
PV = nRT so V = nRT / P
Need moles of glucose converted to moles of the product gas (CO2).
USE STOICHIOMETRY:
molecular weight calc:
C 6 X 12.01 =
72.06
H X 12 X 1.01=
12.12
O 6 X 16.00 =
96.00
sum = 180.18
24.5 g C6H12O6 ( 1 mol C6H12O6 / 180.18 g) ( 6 mol CO2 / 1 mol C6H12O6) =
0.81580 mol CO2 gas.
Convert temp: 37 C + 273.15 = 310.15 K
V=
10.79 Hydrogen has two naturally occurring isotopes, 1H and 2H. Chlorine also has two
naturally occurring isotopes, 35Cl and 37Cl. Thus, hydrogen chloride gas consists of four
distinct types of molecules: 1H35Cl, 1H37Cl, 2H35Cl, and 2H37Cl. Place these four
molecules in order of increasing rate of effusion.
THE RATE OF EFFUSION IS INDIRECTLY RELATED TO MOLECULAR
WEIGHT. THE LIGHTER THE PARTICLE, THE FASTER IT EFFUSES.
2
slowest to fastest
H Cl < 1H37Cl < 2H35Cl < 1H35Cl
37
square root of
MW gas 2
------------MW gas 1
rate of O2
MW Xe
------------ = square root of ------------ =
rate of Xe
MW O2
131.29 g/mol
---------------- = square root of 4.1028 =
32.00 g /mol