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    Hda Process Flow Diagram PDF

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    adnan mukhtar
    The hydrodealkylation (HDA) process developed by Axens is an efficient route for producing high purity benzene from C7-C11 aromatics without using costly catalysts. The process involves thermally cracking heavier aromatics into benzene and methane in a proprietary plug flow reactor with multiple hydrogen injection points. Recycling a diphenyl-rich sidestream enhances benzene yield. Thirty-five commercial HDA plants have been licensed worldwide to process various aromatic feedstocks into benzene.

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    Hda Process Flow Diagram PDF

    Uploaded by

    adnan mukhtar
    1K views2 pages
    The hydrodealkylation (HDA) process developed by Axens is an efficient route for producing high purity benzene from C7-C11 aromatics without using costly catalysts. The process involves thermally cracking heavier aromatics into benzene and methane in a proprietary plug flow reactor with multiple hydrogen injection points. Recycling a diphenyl-rich sidestream enhances benzene yield. Thirty-five commercial HDA plants have been licensed worldwide to process various aromatic feedstocks into benzene.

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    The hydrodealkylation (HDA) process developed by Axens is an efficient route for producing high purity benzene from C7-C11 aromatics without using costly catalysts. The process involves thermally cracking heavier aromatics into benzene and methane in a proprietary plug flow reactor with multiple hydrogen injection points. Recycling a diphenyl-rich sidestream enhances benzene yield. Thirty-five commercial HDA plants have been licensed worldwide to process various aromatic feedstocks into benzene.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    1K views2 pages

    Hda Process Flow Diagram PDF

    Uploaded by

    adnan mukhtar
    The hydrodealkylation (HDA) process developed by Axens is an efficient route for producing high purity benzene from C7-C11 aromatics without using costly catalysts. The process involves thermally cracking heavier aromatics into benzene and methane in a proprietary plug flow reactor with multiple hydrogen injection points. Recycling a diphenyl-rich sidestream enhances benzene yield. Thirty-five commercial HDA plants have been licensed worldwide to process various aromatic feedstocks into benzene.

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    of 2

    HDA

    BENZENE VIA HYDRODALKYLATION OF C7-C11 AROMATICS

    THE FIRST THERMAL HDA PROCESS


    The original thermal hydrodealkylation (HDA)
    process was developed by Arco and HRI (now Axens
    North America). This well-established process is the
    most attractive route to high purity benzene
    production from toluene, ethylbenzene and mixed
    xylenes and even C9-C11 aromatics. The non catalytic
    process is efficient in regard to both yield and energy
    consumption; it uses Axens' proprietary know-how in
    plug-flow reactor design with multiple quench
    injection points, optimum heat recovery, diphenyl
    recycle, and the most recent hydrogen recovery
    technology.

    NO HDA CATALYST COSTS


    One advantage of Axens' technology is the absence of
    HDA catalyst. In addition to avoiding the initial and
    replacement catalyst purchase costs, the owner avoids
    costs related to catalyst storage, preparation, loading
    and unloading as well as operating problems such as
    downtime, bed fouling, poor flow distribution,
    catalyst poisoning, and the safety and environmental
    costs related to bed replacement.

    diphenyl depresses its overall production


    therefore increases benzene production.

    and

    PROCESS DESCRIPTION
    Sulfur compounds, diolefins and olefins must be
    removed by hydrotreatment either in upstream units or
    immediately ahead of the HDA reactor. In either case,
    various Axens' hydrogenation processes such as HD1, HD-2, and Arofining are available for this task and
    can be easily integrated into the HDA process.
    Fresh C7-C8+ (to C11) feed is mixed with hydrogen
    recycle, make-up hydrogen and C7+ aromatics from
    the recycle tower. The mixture is heated by exchange
    with reactor effluent and by a furnace that also
    generates HP steam for better heat recovery. Tight
    temperature control is maintained in the reactor to
    arrive at high yields using a multi-point hydrogen
    injection technique. In this way, conversion is
    controlled at the optimum level, which depends on
    reactor throughput, conditions and feed composition.
    The following (typical) equilibrated reactions take
    place in the reactor:
    Toluene + Hydrogen Benzene + Methane
    C8 Aromatics + Hydrogen Toluene + Methane

    EFFICIENT REACTOR TECHNOLOGY


    The HDA technology produces nearly theoretical
    benzene yields. Several techniques combine to
    minimize side reactions by providing uniform
    residence time and high selectivity for dealkylation:
    plug flow reactor design with minimum hydrogen-toaromatics ratios, control of first-pass conversion, and
    multiple-point hydrogen quench.
    Recycling a diphenyl-rich sidestream to the reactor
    substantially enhances benzene yield. As diphenyl
    production is an equilibrium function of benzene,
    diphenyl and hydrogen concentrations; recycling

    2 Benzene Diphenyl + Hydrogen

    By recycling the diphenyl, its overall production is


    minimized to the advantage of increased benzene
    production. The reactor effluent is cooled by exchange
    with feed followed by cooling water or air and sent to
    the Flash Drum where hydrogen-rich gas separates
    from the condensed liquid. The gas phase is
    compressed and is returned to the reactor as quench
    and washed countercurrently with a feed sidestream in
    the Vent H2 Absorber for benzene recovery. The
    Absorber overhead flows to the hydrogen purification
    unit where hydrogen purity is increased to 90% or

    Axens Hydrodealkylation Process


    Light Ends

    Hydrogen Make-up
    HDA Reactor

    Hydrogen
    Purification Unit

    H2
    Comp.

    Benzene Recycle Benzene


    Column Column

    Stabilizer
    H2
    Absorber

    Purge
    Flash Drum

    Feed

    better so it can be recycled to the reactor.


    The Stabilizer removes light ends, mostly methane
    and ethane, from the Flash Drum liquid and the
    bottoms are sent to the Benzene Column where high
    purity Benzene is produced overhead. The bottoms
    stream, containing unreacted toluene and heavier
    aromatics, is pumped to the Recycle Column. Their
    toluene, C8 aromatics and diphenyl are distilled
    overhead and recycled to the reactor. A small purge
    stream prevents the heavy components from building
    up in the process.

    C7-C10 Recycle

    COMMERCIAL EXPERIENCE
    Thirty-five plants have been licensed worldwide for
    processing a variety of feedstocks including toluene,
    mixed aromatics, reformate and pyrolysis gasoline.

    ECONOMIC INFORMATION

    Operating hours per year


    Toluene Feed, MTA
    Benzene Product, MTA
    Power, kW

    8000
    120,700
    100,000
    650

    Cooling Water

    42.0 barg Steam Production, kg/hr


    6

    ISBL Investment, 10 USD

    208
    11.1
    8.3
    3859
    40-45
    Jan05-HDA

    Flow, m3/Hr
    Temperature Differential, oC
    Fuel, heat release, million kcal/hr

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